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Grayson County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1795-1930, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics.

Grayson County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery Records, 1832-1854, contains Witness Attendance Book, 1832-1854 and Fee Book, 1833-1847.

Grayson County (Va.) Court Records, 1817-1858. The collection contains various documents removed from Grayson County court records. The collection contains a land grant to Jonathan Thomas, 1817; a letter from Mary Bedwell to William and Caty Bedwell, 1819; a letter from Hannah Boyd (nee Harlan) and Mary Nichol (nee Harlan), to Thomas Baldwin, 1830; a deposition from the chancery cause Charlton's Representative vs. Charlton and Miller, etc., 1830; a subpoena from the Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery for Grayson County chancery cause Robert Gibboney vs. Abram Colley and Edward Ustick, 1837; an envelope from a deposition from the chancery cause Cox vs. Cox, 1840; a notice from the Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery for Grayson County suit involving the estate of David Prier, 1841; a deposition and letter from the chancery cause Joshua Cox vs. Lacy Austin, 1842; a court record of the Ashe County, North Carolina case, Dewalt vs. Goso, 1846; a receipt for payment from the Administrator of the estate of Mary Ann Linton of Grayson County, 1847; and a letter with the surnames Nuckols, Carlton, Dickerson, Hubbard, and Gardner, 1858.

Grayson County (Va.) County Judgments (Freedom Suits), 1837, consist of one suit: Petition of Tom, a man of color. Suits initiated by enslaved people seeking to gain their freedom on the law side of the court. Cases are identified by style of suit consisting of plaintiff and defendant names. Surnames of others involved in a suit, including secondary plaintiffs and defendants, witnesses, deponents and affiants, and family members with surnames different from the plaintiff or defendant are indexed. Also identified are names of enslaved people and slaveowners found in suit as well as whether enslaved people won their freedom. Predominant documents found in freedom suits include petitions, records of suits, depositions, affidavits, wills, among other items. Information found in documents include enslaved person's argument for freedom, acquisition of enslaved people by slaveowners, slave ancestry, and relationship between enslaved people and slaveowners.

Grayson County (Va.) Justice of the Peace Records, 1868-1947 (bulk 1868-1893), contains Judgments, 1898-1918, Executions, 1904-1947, an Execution Book, 1868-1893, and a volume of Justices' Judgments, 1879-1901. Judgments are civil cases in which justice was administered on the strictly formulated rules of common law. Executions are judicial writs directing the sheriff to satisfy a judgment from a debtor's property. An execution book is a volume used by the justice of the peace to record the financial results of judgments. Recorded are the names of the parties in the suit, date of judgment, amount of judgment, costs, date of execution, to whom execution was delivered for collection, and date execution was returnable. The volume of Justices' Judgments contains the name of persons accused, offense, date of conviction, amount of fine, name of the justice, constable, and clerk, adn associated fees assessed.

Grayson County (Va.) Memorandum Books, 1915-1949, consists of two chancery memorandum books (1915-1933) and two law memorandum books (1933-1949). Memorandum books are used for notations of entries to be made in other books.