The Richmond Urban Institute was created in 1979 to address problems in the city of Richmond. The goals of the original members included education, mediation, cooperation with other organizations, and development of specific programs to bring about a more unified and just city. The Institute affirmed its religious faith and in communal responsibility, drawing its membership from a broad cross-section of business, religious and community interests. Incorporated as a non-profit organization in February, 1980, RUI employed two Urban Missioners and an Administrative Assistant. Funding for these positions and Institute activities came from an extended foundation grant and fund-raising among local churches and businesses. St. Paul's Episcopal Church was instrumental in providing leadership, funds, and office space for the new organization.

An elected Council and Moderator determine RUI policy, but activities originate in standing committees. Historically, the two committees given greatest attention concern disinvestment and racism/racial polarization. Both committees publish reports and organize workshops to involve citizens and government officials in correcting imbalances in Richmond society and economy. More recently, new committees have been formed to address unemployment, transportation, housing, women and poverty, and grassroots development. Significant programs undertaken include a series of Black-Jewish dialogues, a workshop on the impact of the 1981 federal budget, summer camp programs for city children, and a Summer Youth Employment Program.

The organization was dissolved in 1990.