<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><ead xmlns="urn:isbn:1-931666-22-9" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:isbn:1-931666-22-9 https://www.loc.gov/ead/ead.xsd"><eadheader countryencoding="iso3166-1" dateencoding="iso8601" findaidstatus="completed" langencoding="iso639-2b" repositoryencoding="iso15511"><eadid countrycode="US" mainagencycode="US-VGM">C0233</eadid><filedesc><titlestmt><titleproper type="filing">Donald Orth geological survey photograph collection</titleproper><titleproper>Guide to the Donald Orth geological survey photograph collection <num>C0233</num></titleproper><subtitle>Donald Orth geological survey photograph collection</subtitle><author>Kerry Mitchell</author></titlestmt><publicationstmt><publisher>George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center</publisher><p id="logostmt"><extref xlink:actuate="onLoad" xlink:href="https://library.gmu.edu/img/mason-logo.png" xlink:show="embed" xlink:type="simple"/></p><p><date>November 2013</date></p><address><addressline>Fenwick Library, MS2FL</addressline><addressline>4400 University Dr.</addressline><addressline>Fairfax, Virginia 22030</addressline><addressline>Business Number: 703-993-2220</addressline><addressline>Fax Number: 703-993-8911</addressline><addressline>speccoll@gmu.edu</addressline><addressline>URL: <extptr xlink:href="https://scrc.gmu.edu" xlink:show="new" xlink:title="https://scrc.gmu.edu" xlink:type="simple"/></addressline></address></publicationstmt></filedesc><profiledesc><creation>This finding aid was produced using ArchivesSpace on <date>2026-06-04 03:02:03 -0400</date>.</creation><langusage>Description is written in: <language langcode="eng" scriptcode="Latn">English, Latin script</language>.</langusage><descrules>Describing Archives: A Content Standard</descrules></profiledesc></eadheader><archdesc level="collection">
  <did>
    <repository>
      <corpname>George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center</corpname>
    </repository>
    <unittitle>Donald Orth geological survey photograph collection</unittitle>
    <origination label="Creator">
      <persname authfilenumber="no2003052339" rules="aacr" source="naf">Orth, Donald J. (Donald John), 1954-</persname>
    </origination>
    <origination label="Creator">
      <persname authfilenumber="n50027955" rules="dacs" source="naf">Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942</persname>
    </origination>
    <unitid>C0233</unitid>
    <unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/resources/354</unitid>
    <physdesc altrender="whole">
      <extent altrender="materialtype spaceoccupied">0.25 Linear Feet</extent>
      <extent altrender="carrier">1 box</extent>
    </physdesc>
    <unitdate datechar="creation" normal="1869/1876" type="inclusive">1869-1876</unitdate>
    <abstract id="aspace_30f9761c5ae8e52f3a7ee795eff8772a" label="Abstract">49 black and white copy photographs that document the exploration of the American West in the late 19th century.</abstract>
    <langmaterial>
      <language langcode="eng">English</language>
    </langmaterial>
    <container id="aspace_8597babaae7573d255589f7134c028e5" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container>
  </did>
  <accessrestrict id="aspace_2e1e0e42c6ada632f433efe0d46a2b43">
    <head>Access Restrictions</head>
<p>There are no access restrictions.</p>  </accessrestrict>
  <userestrict id="aspace_82fe3096b3b999635f32b23797282b3d">
    <head>Use Restrictions</head>
<p>No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)</p>  </userestrict>
  <prefercite id="aspace_56d98ac8c77534b2bfff28843c07c25f">
    <head>Preferred Citation</head>
<p>Donald Orth Geological survey photograph collection, C0233, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.</p>  </prefercite>
  <acqinfo id="aspace_1b8fe7474939d901a03dd6af078b506a">
    <head>Acquisition Information</head>
<p>Donated by Donald Orth on June 10, 2013.</p>  </acqinfo>
  <processinfo id="aspace_bee4f55abbad160e9d91ca39bd67b96b">
    <head>Processing Information</head>
<p>Processing and EAD markup completed in November 2013 by Kerry Mitchell. Finding aid updated by Amanda Brent in April 2020.</p>  </processinfo>
  <bioghist id="aspace_bc1c376ee740a6044e33b69c9685316d">
    <head>Historical Note</head>
<p>This collection consists of photographs that originated from the United States Geological Society, with the majority taken by William Henry Jackson. Most of the photographs depict the American West, with notable photograph subjects like Yellowstone National Park and Ferdinand Vandiveer Hayden, a geologist who served as the head of the United States Geological and Geographic Survey of the Territories in the late 19th century. Hayden, along with Jackson, were integral in documenting the landscape of the West and helping establish Yellowstone National Park. In addition to Jackson's photographs, there are photographs taken by John K. Hillers, who was also exploring the American West with Jhn Wesley Powell, particularly the Grand Canyon, around the same time. There are also photographs of Fridtjof Nansen, the Norwegian explorer and scientist, and his boat "Fram" which he used during his expedition to the Arctic in 1893.</p>  </bioghist>
  <scopecontent id="aspace_ca832e7f726ab5be94ed4d1292e98808">
    <head>Scope and Content</head>
<p>49 black and white copy photographs that document the exploration of the American West in the late 19th century. The photographs appear to be reprints of the originals made in 1869-1874 except for the photographs of Niagara Falls and Washington, D.C. that appear to be original. The collection is arranged alphabetically by state with three exceptions: Niagara Falls, Portraits, and Unknown.</p>  </scopecontent>
  <relatedmaterial id="aspace_c4b55c11d77eddd5b80b463e1b797a14">
    <head>Related Material</head>
<p>The Special Collections Research Center also holds the <extptr xlink:show="new" xlink:title="Harold T. Rib aerial photograph collection" xlink:href="https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/357"/> and the <extptr xlink:show="new" xlink:title="Soil Conservation Service Prince William County aerial photograph collection" xlink:href="https://aspace.gmu.edu/repositories/2/resources/398"/>.</p>  </relatedmaterial>
  <arrangement id="aspace_013e47eaa07cc8c5b97815c67d589d0e">
    <head>Arrangement</head>
<p>The collection is arranged alphabetically by state with three exceptions: Niagara Falls, Portraits, and Unknown.</p>  </arrangement>
  <controlaccess>
    <geogname authfilenumber="n79034873" source="lcsh">Arizona</geogname>
    <geogname authfilenumber="n80125532" source="lcsh">Colorado</geogname>
    <genreform authfilenumber="tgm007718" source="gmgpc">Photographic prints</genreform>
    <geogname authfilenumber="n80010207" source="lcsh">Montana</geogname>
    <geogname authfilenumber="n79005595" source="lcsh">New Mexico</geogname>
    <geogname authfilenumber="sh85091701" source="lcsh">Niagara Falls (N.Y. and Ont.)</geogname>
    <geogname authfilenumber="n79021759" source="lcsh">Utah</geogname>
    <geogname authfilenumber="n79022108" source="lcsh">Wyoming</geogname>
    <geogname authfilenumber="n79018774" source="lcsh">Washington (D.C.)</geogname>
    <persname authfilenumber="n83825584" rules="dacs" source="naf">Hayden, F. V. (Ferdinand Vandeveer), 1829-1887</persname>
    <corpname>Geological Survey (U.S.)</corpname>
  </controlaccess>
  <dsc><c id="aspace_ref32_k3j" level="series"><did><unittitle>Donald Orth geological survey</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97799</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1869-1876</unitdate></did><c id="aspace_ref2_16o" level="file"><did><unittitle>Arizona, </unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97800</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1869-1876</unitdate><container id="aspace_07a7d6900ac3ef6ff784ac0d607e9f04" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_b764b33a433841f776eeeeca1384d0c3" parent="aspace_07a7d6900ac3ef6ff784ac0d607e9f04" type="folder">1</container></did><scopecontent id="aspace_a1c6168e29f4bd1f328b857de7bb4afa"><head>Scope and Content</head><p>4 photographs of both landscapes and people in the state of Arizona. These landscapes include: A Rainbow Bridge-Glen Canyon Dam Project, Canyon de Chelly National Monument, 3 males on Kaibab Plateau, and the Grand Canyon.</p></scopecontent></c><c id="aspace_ref4_jjn" level="file"><did><unittitle>Colorado, </unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97801</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1869-1876</unitdate><container id="aspace_173dd432ee6f839cffb74b7eb19e4a10" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_c91d9f4923d382bf3c2646263b8fadc2" parent="aspace_173dd432ee6f839cffb74b7eb19e4a10" type="folder">1</container></did><scopecontent id="aspace_da55ae75b5fb30b85c8eebb524c77979"><head>Scope and Content</head><p>10 photographs of landscapes and people in the state of Colorado. These include: Castellated Rocks Monument, Men at Sultan Mountain, East Spanish Peak, Mt. Holy Cross, Royal Gorge, "Colorado", Gates of Lodore, PIkes Peak, Sandstone Monuments of Pleasant Park, and Cliff ruins at Mancos Valley.</p></scopecontent></c><c id="aspace_ref6_fz3" level="file"><did><unittitle>Montana, </unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97802</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1869-1876</unitdate><container id="aspace_ef3536de568fe893606b4d791d15571b" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_7d3ab9559577adc1ceff2206305c2dd4" parent="aspace_ef3536de568fe893606b4d791d15571b" type="folder">2</container></did><scopecontent id="aspace_34b826ae3ae69ce8c9cfd4ce88ed9641"><head>Scope and Content</head><p>Photograph of "Boettlers Ranch in South Montana Territory near Yellowstone River".</p></scopecontent></c><c id="aspace_ref8_3p4" level="file"><did><unittitle>New Mexico, </unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97803</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1869-1876</unitdate><container id="aspace_a1bf149610a0b16c5fc4665d9660cf84" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_2235c5fdbab26b3e3cdb6513708c5067" parent="aspace_a1bf149610a0b16c5fc4665d9660cf84" type="folder">2</container></did><scopecontent id="aspace_2e113636a3013903610e5465ef0b4ad1"><head>Scope and Content</head><p>Photograph label on the back as "Puelbo, New Mex".</p></scopecontent></c><c id="aspace_ref10_be4" level="file"><did><unittitle>Niagara Falls, </unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97804</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1869-1876</unitdate><container id="aspace_55fd0610638e66b507d9898c24471d17" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_c5d2fdf2c284b9288f11b0d7c9592552" parent="aspace_55fd0610638e66b507d9898c24471d17" type="folder">2</container></did><scopecontent id="aspace_74f63984b63ca9580dd51bd8d6040b60"><head>Scope and Content</head><p>Two photographs of Niagara Falls, unsure if photographs are taken of the United States (New York) or Canada (Ontario)</p></scopecontent></c><c id="aspace_ref12_flk" level="file"><did><unittitle>Portraits, </unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97805</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1869-1876</unitdate><container id="aspace_14ab3d1505b236083e1b3b73c92bdb41" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_25f0ad6233f08b159d613462565c0573" parent="aspace_14ab3d1505b236083e1b3b73c92bdb41" type="folder">2</container></did><scopecontent id="aspace_f7c20f70f4dc2d8cb953eb92bf5e1a9d"><head>Scope and Content</head><p>Three photographs. Two of them are portraits of Fridtjof Nansen and Ferdinand Vandiveer Hayden. The other is a group photograph of Endlich, Franklin Rhoda and Allen D. Wilson.</p></scopecontent></c><c id="aspace_ref14_dut" level="file"><did><unittitle>Unknown, </unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97806</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1869-1876</unitdate><container id="aspace_34fb930494ac84e38feff47218ba34a1" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_98044a413723a4fef295a801e0a19a34" parent="aspace_34fb930494ac84e38feff47218ba34a1" type="folder">3</container></did><scopecontent id="aspace_faf13ab0797873c36d3da44b69dcdcfb"><head>Scope and Content</head><p>11 photographs of landscapes and people, there is no identification on these photographs to indicate who the people are or where the photograph was taken.</p></scopecontent></c><c id="aspace_ref16_o98" level="file"><did><unittitle>Utah, </unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97807</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1869-1876</unitdate><container id="aspace_450916565ff0b8faf238862262b18f50" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_4b2c81f35e8f5be67890f766e65e2275" parent="aspace_450916565ff0b8faf238862262b18f50" type="folder">4</container></did><scopecontent id="aspace_8bafa1535ab8c3e1551ddbb60d049491"><head>Scope and Content</head><p>Two photographs of landscape and people in the state of Utah. These inculde: Salt Lake City and Uintah Mountains</p></scopecontent></c><c id="aspace_ref18_9cn" level="file"><did><unittitle>Washington D.C., </unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97808</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1869-1876</unitdate><container id="aspace_0322acc05fa8f5d891a60836e17f50b5" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_5b57b397db08b73bc91382e5bf846297" parent="aspace_0322acc05fa8f5d891a60836e17f50b5" type="folder">4</container></did><scopecontent id="aspace_0b3524e8a5175c4a2c3971f2aaa2020a"><head>Scope and Content</head><p>Photograph of the Lincoln Memorial.</p></scopecontent></c><c id="aspace_ref20_anf" level="file"><did><unittitle>Wyoming, </unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/97809</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1869-1876</unitdate><container id="aspace_f339d82f4bc2b0f938511f6c2a3562a1" label="Graphic Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_d520490ed672c7a4cf6a7d8a3f5d5a16" parent="aspace_f339d82f4bc2b0f938511f6c2a3562a1" type="folder">5</container></did><scopecontent id="aspace_639dc07a1dc286c502e4e093be953466"><head>Scope and Content</head><p>Fourteen photographs of people and landscape in the state of Wyoming. These include: The Teapot, Independence Rock, Yellowstone National Park, Great Falls of Yellowstone River, Green River Station, Crystal Falls, Old Faithful, Green River, Extinct Spring at East Fork of the Yellowstone, Yellowstone Lake, and the Canyon of the Yellowstone.</p></scopecontent></c></c></dsc>
</archdesc>
</ead>