<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><ead xmlns="urn:isbn:1-931666-22-9" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:isbn:1-931666-22-9 https://www.loc.gov/ead/ead.xsd"><eadheader countryencoding="iso3166-1" dateencoding="iso8601" findaidstatus="completed" langencoding="iso639-2b" repositoryencoding="iso15511"><eadid countrycode="US" mainagencycode="US-VGM">C0188</eadid><filedesc><titlestmt><titleproper>Guide to the Midwest commercial architecture photograph collection <num>C0188</num></titleproper><subtitle>Midwest commercial architecture photograph</subtitle><author>Greta Kuriger</author></titlestmt><publicationstmt><publisher>George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center</publisher><p id="logostmt"><extref xlink:actuate="onLoad" xlink:href="https://library.gmu.edu/img/mason-logo.png" xlink:show="embed" xlink:type="simple"/></p><p><date>2011 By George Mason University Libraries. All rights reserved.</date></p><address><addressline>Fenwick Library, MS2FL</addressline><addressline>4400 University Dr.</addressline><addressline>Fairfax, Virginia 22030</addressline><addressline>Business Number: 703-993-2220</addressline><addressline>Fax Number: 703-993-8911</addressline><addressline>speccoll@gmu.edu</addressline><addressline>URL: <extptr xlink:href="https://scrc.gmu.edu" xlink:show="new" xlink:title="https://scrc.gmu.edu" xlink:type="simple"/></addressline></address></publicationstmt></filedesc><profiledesc><creation>This finding aid was produced using ArchivesSpace on <date>2026-06-04 03:02:02 -0400</date>.</creation><langusage>Description is in English </langusage><descrules>Describing Archives: A Content Standard</descrules></profiledesc></eadheader><archdesc level="collection">
  <did>
    <repository>
      <corpname>George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center</corpname>
    </repository>
    <unittitle>Midwest commercial architecture photograph collection</unittitle>
    <origination label="Creator">
      <corpname rules="dacs" source="local">Central Union Telephone Company</corpname>
    </origination>
    <unitid>C0188</unitid>
    <unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/resources/350</unitid>
    <physdesc altrender="whole">
      <extent altrender="materialtype spaceoccupied">0.1 Linear Feet</extent>
      <extent altrender="carrier">15 folders</extent>
    </physdesc>
    <unitdate datechar="creation" normal="1900/1920" type="inclusive">circa 1900s - 1920</unitdate>
    <abstract id="aspace_5043207f73309d14cd0d00251bfcb530" label="Abstract">Thirty-two photographs, each approximately 4 x 5 inches, depicting commercial buildings in rural northwestern Ohio with recently installed Central Union Telephone Company telephones.</abstract>
    <physloc id="aspace_d983d131a3486887c846ca33f8bd5690">R 44, C 1, S 2</physloc>
    <langmaterial>
      <language langcode="eng">English</language>
    </langmaterial>
  </did>
  <accessrestrict id="aspace_7e36133ff9acd6f1b7b73b9845105896">
    <head>Access Restrictions</head>
<p>There are no access restrictions.</p>  </accessrestrict>
  <userestrict id="aspace_262efca9c7ef3dda2e76436ccd73a877">
    <head>Use Restrictions</head>
<p>No known copyright. The Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries believes that this collection is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. (See https://rightsstatements.org/page/NKC/1.0/?language=en)</p>  </userestrict>
  <prefercite id="aspace_0d7d3a7d69a845787dddfc35ba99fe69">
    <head>Preferred Citation</head>
<p>Midwest commercial architecture photograph collection, C0188, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.</p>  </prefercite>
  <acqinfo id="aspace_6060486a6f796abf99fff9693cab47c1">
    <head>Acquisition Information</head>
<p>Collection purchased from Fine Antiquarian Books in 2010.</p>  </acqinfo>
  <processinfo id="aspace_52537f406ff4ccb5dcf2137cbbbd67fe">
    <head>Processing Information</head>
<p>Processed by and EAD markup completed by Greta Kuriger in January 2011. Updated by Greta Kuriger Suiter in March 2013. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in January 2023.</p>  </processinfo>
  <bioghist id="aspace_03883bd1e575d3858aaf411083f3a30e">
    <head>Historical Information</head>
<p>The Central Union Telephone Company was originally based in Chicago and in 1883 took over the Midland Telephone Company, a Bell organization also based in Chicago. Many Bell patents expired in 1893 and 1894 resulting in an increase of competing telephone companies. By the early 1900s the Central Union Telephone Company was headquartered in Indiana and was organized to develop telephone service in Indiana, Illinois and Ohio. Mergers in the telephone industry in the early 1900s resulted in Central Union Telephone becoming part of Indiana Bell, Illinois Bell, and Ohio Bell. In 1920 Central Union Telephone Company was purchased by the Ohio Bell Telephone Company which emerged from the Cleveland Telephone Company. In the 1920s telephone service in Ohio was unified under Ohio Bell.</p>  </bioghist>
  <scopecontent id="aspace_5e7289545904b681b072758087efc9ec">
    <head>Scope and Content</head>
<p>Thirty-two photographs, each approximately 4 x 5 inches, depicting commercial buildings in rural northwestern Ohio with recently installed telephones. The Central Union Telephone Company brought local and long distance calling to commercial buildings and advertised the new service with signage. Signs for Central Union can be seen in twenty-seven of the photographs. These photographs could have been used as a way to document their placement. There are a variety of commercial buildings present in the photographs, as well as telephone poles, merchants' signs, displays of goods, customers, horse drawn wagons, and bicycles. Three of the photograph the set up of a telephone operator, as well as three men posing humorously for the camera.</p>  </scopecontent>
  <relatedmaterial id="aspace_fe326fec32016697fc21b55378c1f6a0">
    <head>Related Material</head>
<p>The Special Collections Research Center holds many other <extptr xlink:show="new" xlink:title="photograph collections." xlink:href="https://aspace.gmu.edu/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&amp;op%5B%5D=&amp;q%5B%5D=photograph&amp;limit=&amp;field%5B%5D=&amp;from_year%5B%5D=&amp;to_year%5B%5D=&amp;commit=Search"/></p>  </relatedmaterial>
  <arrangement id="aspace_0828c939566a259fcc8b193ecb81462c">
    <head>Arrangement</head>
<p>Arranged by subject.</p>  </arrangement>
  <altformavail id="aspace_902684336ec8d7cc74e54649e263ae42">
    <head>Alternate Format Available</head>
<p>The entire collection is available online through the <extptr xlink:href="http://images.gmu.edu/luna/servlet/GMUDPSdps~33~33" xlink:title="Midwest commercial architecture photograph collection" xlink:show="new"/>. You can also access the digital objects through the inventory on this finding aid.</p>  </altformavail>
  <controlaccess>
    <subject authfilenumber="sh89006830" source="lcsh">Advertising -- Telephone companies</subject>
    <subject authfilenumber="sh85040193" source="lcsh">Dwellings</subject>
    <subject authfilenumber="sh86001061" source="lcsh">Dwellings -- Ohio</subject>
    <geogname authfilenumber="n79049197" source="lcsh">Ohio</geogname>
    <genreform authfilenumber="tgm007718" source="gmgpc">Photographic prints</genreform>
    <subject authfilenumber="sh85121770" source="lcsh">Storefronts</subject>
    <genreform authfilenumber="tgm007721" source="gmgpc">Photographs</genreform>
  </controlaccess>
  <dsc><c id="aspace_ref11_xmb" level="series"><did><unittitle>Midwest commercial architecture photograph collection</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93815</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">circa 1900s-1910s</unitdate></did><c id="aspace_ref12_gpl" level="file"><did><unittitle>Residential building with telephone sign</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93816</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_a8e03f8dd33e2efb6edd7b653c623821" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_1f1884159d4f2c568357fd0c53bf2e02" parent="aspace_a8e03f8dd33e2efb6edd7b653c623821" type="folder">1</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref13_9jm" level="file"><did><unittitle>Storefront with telephone sign</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93817</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_98f0381ee578714f46e54243980efb66" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_15a3674b214ecfb6ce5444d1829dc192" parent="aspace_98f0381ee578714f46e54243980efb66" type="folder">1</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref14_vni" level="file"><did><unittitle>Two-story building</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93818</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_2d9bf78889ae070203cb520f4f328c41" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_a5387537fc42b3ee067691986bc2909d" parent="aspace_2d9bf78889ae070203cb520f4f328c41" type="folder">2</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref15_6q2" level="file"><did><unittitle>Storefront with four people and telephone sign</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93819</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_998bc7b1e3ce353a3a4ae1127b62f29c" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_d8746bd93e65423a72d8660838197421" parent="aspace_998bc7b1e3ce353a3a4ae1127b62f29c" type="folder">2</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref16_o5r" level="file"><did><unittitle>Piper's Grocery storefront</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93820</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_8abe549c0308732a0b7db218373f9b5c" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_ab1019b487211be2468c561d23df3e91" parent="aspace_8abe549c0308732a0b7db218373f9b5c" type="folder">3</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref17_60n" level="file"><did><unittitle>Lease &amp; Twining storefront</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93821</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_43770c78567c4eb1eca4ebee1c70c4ad" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_d98811a1d0e598cc30e3e183fc44b91b" parent="aspace_43770c78567c4eb1eca4ebee1c70c4ad" type="folder">3</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref18_m8o" level="file"><did><unittitle>Three-story commercial building</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93822</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_65c07326142e0c7f333fd8e6ac8d4a19" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_d33d91a647a2b73a608dd93e709c3a28" parent="aspace_65c07326142e0c7f333fd8e6ac8d4a19" type="folder">4</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref19_512" level="file"><did><unittitle>A.D. Baumhart: The Druggist Store</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93823</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_0046649e558ad474d5f1de0615e32709" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_818071bcade8ad25c201456e81e5b0ac" parent="aspace_0046649e558ad474d5f1de0615e32709" type="folder">4</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref20_2sz" level="file"><did><unittitle>M.C. Sherman &amp; Co. storefront</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93824</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_f012bda2ba2350e3b86017c7f54a481e" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_50bbecb49eaa7be50b287d697f66e8d5" parent="aspace_f012bda2ba2350e3b86017c7f54a481e" type="folder">5</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref21_vas" level="file"><did><unittitle>DeWitt storefront</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93825</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_523459e69e3c42092310e006f76d0f44" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_029bf7401acc5a08e66e5345b954c1b8" parent="aspace_523459e69e3c42092310e006f76d0f44" type="folder">5</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref22_0z6" level="file"><did><unittitle>Wisman &amp; Mohler grocery storefront</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93826</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_6fd0354fd8dd095c1a25a38eb966bb77" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_9038a2625815aa588f2829c565b7c3c6" parent="aspace_6fd0354fd8dd095c1a25a38eb966bb77" type="file">6</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref23_g86" level="file"><did><unittitle>Wisman &amp; Mohler grocery storefront</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93827</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_a476e395b8d782d4ea4c6fcd498f3296" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_dd043b0e257d49b75059aae5f27de53e" parent="aspace_a476e395b8d782d4ea4c6fcd498f3296" type="folder">6</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref24_v5e" level="file"><did><unittitle>Drugs store</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93828</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_56f7790d611e59a8d69a77a05d3b3f3e" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_9af0cad84314c75833056602ce4e373e" parent="aspace_56f7790d611e59a8d69a77a05d3b3f3e" type="folder">6</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref25_xpx" level="file"><did><unittitle>Commercial building with telephone sign</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93829</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_52003e48773fb4df5edf5c6888fd691c" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_f2b8256afbc6d43f9449000b56b1205e" parent="aspace_52003e48773fb4df5edf5c6888fd691c" type="folder">7</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref26_qxy" level="file"><did><unittitle>Two-story commercial building</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93830</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_55708456255c28ccf851ba21382fa924" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_8b171811979ea2f37387117f2e906c79" parent="aspace_55708456255c28ccf851ba21382fa924" type="folder">7</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref27_5nh" level="file"><did><unittitle>Manning Bros. storefront</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93831</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_82472675ec8fa609da6f28b12008b214" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_a664ee78802538ea5a746fb701a1a192" parent="aspace_82472675ec8fa609da6f28b12008b214" type="folder">8</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref28_8u3" level="file"><did><unittitle>Commercial building</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93832</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_e032260d82af67617740d5610106dec1" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_2d10baf1dbbe22e4dbcd3a9ffcd4ffff" parent="aspace_e032260d82af67617740d5610106dec1" type="folder">8</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref29_gej" level="file"><did><unittitle>Laundry office</unittitle><unitid type="aspace_uri">/repositories/2/archival_objects/93833</unitid><unitdate datechar="creation">1900s-1910s</unitdate><container id="aspace_74884769b1028f43731b56e02f5166c3" label="Mixed Materials" type="box">1</container><container id="aspace_4e2ecf2e14b8317c8322275a7156f120" parent="aspace_74884769b1028f43731b56e02f5166c3" type="folder">9</container></did></c><c id="aspace_ref30_4fx" level="file"><did><unittitle>The Crawford County Gas &amp; 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