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This collection contains items of the Anderson and Alexander families including correspondence dealing with legal business, family matters, and Lexington, Virginia affairs. Consists largely of the family correspondence of William Alexander Anderson, Francis T. Anderson, and Mary Anne Alexander Anderson; includes letters to and from Virginia Governor John Letcher, and two letters from Mildred Lee, daughter of Robert E. Lee. Other correspondents include William A. Glasgow, George Hutcheson Denny, Charles Alfred Graves, Henry Holstine, George Junkin, George Bolling Lee, William Henry Fitzhugh Lee, James McDowell, Samuel McDowell Moore, and Walter LeConte Stevens. Also includes legal and business correspondence of Francis T. Anderson; letters and diary of William D. Alexander dated 1858-1859; business accounts, wills, obituaries, including Mary Anne Alexander Anderson's obituary as a pamphlet titled In Memoriam, November 27, 1881; and genealogies of the McNutt, Anderson, and Thomas families. Includes copies of speeches of William A. Anderson dated 1842-1930 and a few photographs.

This collection consists of ten pieces of Bank of Rockbridge currency dated 1857-1862 and one Lexington lottery ticket dated 1803. The currency includes bills in the amount of five, ten, and twenty dollars between 1857-1859. The 1861 bill is for two dollars, and the 1862 bill is for one dollar and twenty-five cents.

The scrapbook is a genealogical compendium of the Welsh family of Rockbridge County, Virginia and their descendants and includes many family photographs and documents.

This collection consists of a variety of legal documents related to citizens of Rockbrige County. Includes indentures, bonds, materials related to wills, legal agreements, and insurance policies amongst other documents.

This collection consists of three documents: a land survey dated October 27, 1795 of 624 acres on the Big Calf Pasture River in Rockbridge County, Virginia; a deed of trust between William Moore and Andrew Reid, Jr. in favor of McDowell dated October 8, 1804; and a land deed for 29.5 acres on South River between David, an emancipated man, and McDowell dated December 23, 1816.

This collection includes copies and originals of 18th and 19th century land grants for acreage in Rockbridge County, Augusta County, Bath County, and other areas in southwestern Virginia. Three folders relate to the Borden land grant, which established Rockbridge County. There is a fragment of an undated, handwritten copy of the Borden land grant. Other folders related to the Borden grant include historical analysis and recounting of the development of the grant by E.P. Tompkins. Some land grants pre-date the Borden grant. Folders with the parenthetical note of "Copy" only include photocopies of the original land grants. The Trimble land grants can be found in oversized drawer 33.

Series 1 of this collection primarily covers the period from 1763 through Samuel McDowell Reid's death in 1869. There are also a few later items dealing chiefly with his estate. The bulk of the papers deals with business matters. Documents concern such matters as the James River and Kanawha Company, the North River Navigation Company, Washington College's relationship with the Society of the Cincinnati, slavery, and the financial dealings of John Robinson and the Hare family. Series 2 is comprised of a second set of materials received at a later date. The correspondence supplements that found in Series 1. The other materials consist chiefly of court and other legal records during the 74-year period (1778-1852) in which Andrew and his son, Samuel McDowell Reid, were clerks of the court of Rockbridge County: tavern licenses, taxation lists, apprenticeship deeds, voter lists, militia rolls, invoices, etc. There are also some Washington College papers.

This collection consists of Rockbridge County records, including tax lists, ordinary licenses, muster rolls, lists of enslaved people, court cases, and election polls.

A collection of original land deeds and indentures from the vicinity of Rockbridge County, Virginia collected by the Rockbridge Historical Society.

This collection consists of essays, reports, financial documentation, and other historic records documenting the presence, arcitecture, development, or evolution of local houses in and around Rockbridge County and Lexington, Virginia.