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New Kent County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1865-1949, consist of a Chancery Execution Book, a Chancery Order Book, Chancery Rule Book No. 2, 6 boxes of Commonwealth Causes (A-W including cases against slaves in box 1045046), l box Commonwealth Cause (Commonwealth v. James Street), a Common Law Docket Book, Common Law Execution Book No. 1, Common Law Fee Book, Common Law Order Books, Nos. 3 and 4, 1 box of Common Law Records, Common Law Process Book No. 1, Common Law Rule Book No. 1, a box of Court Records (including Executions, Warrants and Criminal records), a Docket Book (including Criminal, Law and Chancery), Judgment Docket Book No. 1, a Order Book and Witness Attendance Book, a Witness Attendance Book and a Witness Attendance Book and List of Jurors.

New Kent County (Va.) Birth Records, 1871-1886, consist of birth records.

New Kent County (Va.) Board of Supervisors Records, 1858-1921 contains two volumes, Records of Board of Supervisiors, 1870-1890 and Board of Supervisors Book, 1890-1907. Five boxes include loose records and some undated records. The other five boxes include Road and Bridge Records such as Road Accounts, Bridge Records, Bridge, Ferry & Public Landing Records, Road Petitions, Road Overseer & Road Superintendent Records related to the Commissioner of Roads & Road Construction Records.

New Kent County (Va.) Bonds/Commissions/Oaths, 1870-1946, consist of Official Bonds, 1870-1897; Official Bonds, 1887-1907; and Circuit Court: Official Bonds, 1907-1949.

New Kent County Chancery Causes, 1848-1956, consists of cases concerning issues of equity brought largely by residents of the county and filed in the circuit court. These cases often involve the following actions: divisions of estates or land, disputes over wills, disputes regarding contracts, debt, divorce, and business disputes. Other less prevalent issues include freedom suits, permissions to sell property, and disputes concerning trespass. Predominant documents found in these chancery causes include bills (documents the plaintiff's complaint), answers (defendant's response to the plaintiff's complaint), decrees (court's decision), depositions, affidavits, correspondence, lists of heirs, deeds, plats, wills, records involving enslaved individuals, business records or vital statistics.

New Kent County (Va.) Clerks' Records, 1824-1947, consist of 9 boxes of Clerks' Correspondence, 1 box containing Clerk's Tax Records,4 Clerks' Fee Books, 1 vol. of Clerks' General Ledgers, 2 Clerks' Receipt Books, 1 Clerk's Fee and Order Book, 1 Clerk's Memorandum Book, 1 vol. of Monies Deposited by Clerk of Court and 1 Clerk's Transcription of an Index to a Deed Book.

New Kent County (Va.) Commissioner of Revenue Records, 1867-1946, consist of reports, erroneous and improper assessments, reassessments and lists of persons assessed with license taxes.

New Kent County (Va.) County Court Records, 1860-1927, consist of a Chancery Rule Book, 2 Common Law Order Books, Common Law Order Books, Nos.1-3, a Common Law Rule Book, 2 Docket Books, an Execution Book, a Jury Book, a Minute Book (Monthly Sessions), Minute Book, No. 8 and 2 Witness Attendance Books.

New Kent County (Va.) Election Records, 1851-1932 consist of individual items concerning elections, Abstracts of Voters for specific elections, and List of Voters.