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This collection consiste of Alexander Sterrett Paxton's journals in six volumes (484 p.)during the American Civil War. They cover his service as a member of the 4th Virginia Infantry of the Stonewall Brigade, including his role as a Commissary Sergeant of the regiment. Journal entries explore the war experiences of a Confederate foot soldier and include: his insights into motives for war; observations and descriptions of ranking officers, fellow soldiers, friends and family; detailed accounts of battles and campaigns; and experiences in hospitals and camps, including a few pencil-drawn maps of Stonewall Brigade camps (1861-1862). Volume 6 includes a month-long dream journal that Paxton kept in 1864. The collection also includes correspondence between Paxton's second wife, Mary Frances Tapscott Paxton, and her family; ten pre and post-war photographs of Paxton, his brother, Joseph McClung Paxton and other family members (Tapscott family and Lilley family of Augusta County, Va.); and a ca.1860 fraternity/secret society bylaws document handwritten by Paxton.

This collection contains approximately 90 miscellaneous items connected with the government and people of the Confederate States of America, including correspondence, official orders, almanacs, bonds, paper money, sheet music, memorabilia, and clippings.

This collection is a handwritten copy by Cornelia Peake McDonald of her 'A diary with reminiscences of the war', from March 1861-1865.

The collection consists of the autobiographical memoirs of James Anderson Terrell, a Confederate soldier, settler, cowboy, and politician. Written when Terrell was in his late seventies, the bulk of the material centers on his experiences during the American Civil War and his later time spent pioneering in Kansas. Additional topics include his beginnings in Georgia, life during Reconstruction, and his return to Georgia at the end of his life.

This collection includes general tax and purchase receipts, IOU's, and letters. The receipts date from 1860-1879 and the letters from 1861-1863 when Lewis served in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War. Included among the letters are those to and from his father and his wife, Cary Lewis. Written on the back of one of John Lewis' letters is another letter from Eli Lewis to his wife, Elizabeth. Also includes two letters from William Neay (surgeon) to Lewis' wife and mother telling of Lewis' death in 1863 from smallpox.

The collection consists mainly of photocopies of American Civil War letters written to and from Joseph Shaner and his family. It also includes a portion of Shaner's 1862 diary, his service records, one photograph, obituaries, history, reminiscences, and genealogies (1754-1978) pertaining to the Shaner family and other Rockbridge County families.

This typescript of a diary by Private Michael Reid Hanger of the Rockbridge Rifles, which was part of the 4th, 5th, and 27th Virginia Infantry regiments at different times during the American Civil War, includes descriptions of military action within the Shenandoah Valley and Fairfax County, as well as the First Battle of Bull Run. Stonewall Jackson, Rockbridge County citizen and soldier James K. Edmondson, and several Washington College alumni are mentioned. Text of the diary is supplemented by extensive annotated footnotes by Robert Driver.

This collection is a photocopy of a memoir by Otho Scott Lee of his first year of service in the American Civil War 1861-1862, with the First Virginia Cavalry, under the command of General J.E.B. Stuart.

This collection is primarily general family correspondence including Civil War letters (dated 1862-1864) from John P. Welsh, a Confederate infantry officer, and James L. Welsh. There are also 34 family letters on microfilm, 12 of which were written by John P. Welsh during his confinement in a Federal prison.

This is a collection of correspondence between William B. Pettit and his wife Arabella ('Bell') with scattered letters from other friends and relatives. The letters that date from 1850 to March 1862 include correspondence between husband and wife while Pettit was away on business. The war letters begin in March 1862 and end with Pettit's last war letter to his wife on March 3, 1864. After that date there are letters from Pembroke, the Pettit's son, while he attended school at Ashland, Va. The turn of the century correspondence concerns Confederate Veterans' activities and post-war business correspondence. Also included are newspaper clippings, one photograph, and the obituary of William B. Pettit (1905). The collection also includes Pettit's Civil War manuscript diary, 1862-1864, and account book. These two books are bound together.