- R. Taylor Scott and R. Carter Scott Collection, 1890/19276
- R.E. Lee Camp, No. 1, Confederate Veterans Papers (SC-21), 1885/19582
- Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection, 1778/20051
- Ralph Cohen papers and "New Literary History" records, 1948/201613
- Ralph Minthorne Brown Papers, 1872/19474
- Ralph White papers, 1980/19921
- Randall S. Hawthorne Papers, 1935/2014, bulk 1980/20007
- Randy Wright Papers, 1986/20104
- Raven Society Office Administrative Files
1970-199034
- Ravindra S. Khare papers, 1938/20172
- Reaumur C. Stearnes Papers
1830-1942153
- Recordings of the Virginia House of Delegates Sessions, 1981-20151,840
- Records Related to the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks on the Pentagon, 2001-20088
- Records and briefs of the Virginia Supreme Court, 1850/201622
- Records from the School Health Nurses, Arlington Public Schools, 1934-199118