- R. Harvey Chappell, Jr. Papers, 1950/19823
- REPOhistory Collection, 1993/20023
- RMC Faculty, Staff, and Alumni Files, 1818/202435
- Rachel H. Thomas, Student, Memory Book Regarding Student Days at Marshall College, 1931/2011, bulk 1931/19391
- Racial and Ethnic Ephemera Collection, 1778/20054
- Racing Commission, Virginia, Records, 1993/20081
- Raleigh General Hospital Nurses Alumnae Association Records, 1940/20211
- Raleigh and Mercer Counties Photographs, 1870/2000, bulk 1910/19601
- Ralph Cohen papers and "New Literary History" records, 1948/201642
- Ralph Cohen papers, 1940/20136
- Ralph E. McCoy Collection, 1919/20013
- Ralph Edwin "Ted" Spears, Jr., Compiler, Battelle-MacLane-Mendel-Spears Family Collection, 1848/2001, bulk 1860/19501
- Randall S. Hawthorne Papers, 1935/2014, bulk 1980/200018
- Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection, 1968/19751
- Randolph Family Papers, 1851/2004, bulk 1851/18651