- S. Corder Musgrave Papers, 1891/19661
- S. F. (Bill) Royall, Jr. papers, 1883/19791
- S. George Company Records, 1900/19751
- S. Maria Elliott Family Collection, 1826/19422
- S. Vernon McCasland papers, 1928/19542
- S.A. Thompson Family Papers, 1899/19306
- S.A. Thompson Legal Papers, 1919/19321
- Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C. records, 1861/19954
- Sallie Bennett Papers regarding World War I Flying Ace Louis Bennett, Jr., 1873/2009, bulk 1904/19267
- Salt Sulphur Springs Records, 1819/19321
- Salvation Army Combined Corps Roll and Ledger, 1926/1980, bulk 1928/19692
- Sam Bowman Papers, 1848/19672
- Sam McColloch, Compiler, Three Manuscripts regarding Family History, Artists, and Fighter Pilot, 1904/20141
- Sam di Bonaventura papers, 1900/199813
- Samuel Boardman Brown (1860-1926) Papers, 1891/19311