- Paul Stevens map collection, 1541/17781
- Richard G. Joynt Collection of British Manuscripts, 1593/20151
- Robb-Bernard Papers, 1665/1980, bulk 1850/19501
- Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers, 1679/1984, bulk 1840/19601
- Royal Court of Guernsey Contracts, 1675/17061
- Shenandoah County Historical Society Collection, 1147/20001
- Short Papers, 1675/17891
- Stanford Family Legal Papers, 1639/17201
- Steve Wolfe, Collector, Historical Newspapers, 1666/19951
- The Independent Collection, 1680/19601
- The Thirty Fifth State, Manuscript and Galley, 1609/19601
- Thomas G. and Louise Rowe Pullen Collection, 1655/17911
- Thruston family commonplace book, 1604/19251
- Tucker-Coleman papers, 1664/1945, bulk 1770/19071
- Tyler Family Papers, Group G, 1645/19171