- Richard G. Joynt Collection of British Manuscripts, 1593/20151
- Richard J. DeMartino papers, 1910/19651
- Richard Lee Morton papers, 1756/2006, bulk 1930/19691
- Robb-Bernard Papers, 1665/1980, bulk 1850/19502
- Robert S. Pace Collection
1669-19931
- Roy Bird Cook (1886-1961), Collector, Papers, 1679/1984, bulk 1840/19603
- Royal Court of Guernsey Contracts, 1675/17061
- Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C. records, 1861/19951
- Samuel H. Yonge papers, 1890/19351
- Sheet Music Collection, 1827/19742
- Shenandoah County Historical Society Collection, 1147/20001
- Short Papers, 1675/17891
- Stanford Family Legal Papers, 1639/17201
- Steve Wolfe, Collector, Historical Newspapers, 1666/19952
- The Independent Collection, 1680/19602