{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=47531","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=47530","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=47532","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=47544"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":47531,"next_page":47532,"prev_page":47530,"total_pages":47544,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":475300,"total_count":475431,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi01059_c3276","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zehmer, George B., 1935-1943","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01059_c3276#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi01059_c3276","ref_ssm":["vi_vi01059_c3276"],"id":"vi_vi01059_c3276","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01059","_root_":"vi_vi01059","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01059","parent_ssi":"vi_vi01059","parent_ssim":["vi_vi01059"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi01059"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["A Guide to the Directors' Correspondence of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts\n1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["A Guide to the Directors' Correspondence of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts\n1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976)"],"text":["A Guide to the Directors' Correspondence of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts\n1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976)","Zehmer, George B., 1935-1943","box 74","folder 14"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zehmer, George B., 1935-1943\n","title_ssm":["Zehmer, George B., 1935-1943"],"title_tesim":["Zehmer, George B., 1935-1943"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zehmer, George B., 1935-1943"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["A Guide to the Directors' Correspondence of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts\n1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3276,"containers_ssim":["box 74","folder 14"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3275","timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:54:27.485Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi01059","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01059","_root_":"vi_vi01059","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01059","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01059.xml","title_ssm":["A Guide to the Directors' Correspondence of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts\n1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976)"],"title_tesim":["A Guide to the Directors' Correspondence of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts\n1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["33863, 44067\n"],"text":["33863, 44067\n","A Guide to the Directors' Correspondence of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts\n1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976)","81.85 cu. ft., 91 boxes","Collection is open to research.\n","Arranged alphabetically by folder title.\n","The Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the nation's first state-supported art museum, opened to the public on 16 January 1936, \"to promote education in the realm of art throughout the commonwealth,\" (Section 9-78, Code of Virginia). A partnership between private donors and state legislators, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts was established following the 1919 donation from John Barton Payne, jurist, and discriminating art collector, gave a collection of paintings to the Commonwealth. The Payne donation and other works of art needed a permanent home that could provide exhibit and storage space - something the Commonwealth did not have at that time. In response to this need for a permanent home for state-owned art collections, Payne donated $100,000 to be used for the construction of a state museum. On 27 February 1932, the donation was conditionally accepted (Acts of Assembly 1932, Chapter 70). Governor John Garland Pollard led a campaign to raise additional private funds, and promoted the use of state revenue for operating expenses. Additional monies from the Federal Works Project Administration completed the funding, and in 1934 the General Assembly designated the site for the building on the grounds of the Robert E. Lee Camp Soldiers' Home at Boulevard and Grove avenues, named it the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, and vested control and management in a Board of Trustees.\n","\nFrom the establishment of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the Board of Trustees was given full power and authority to manage, control, maintain, and operate the Museum. The Board numbers from 25 to 35 members appointed by the Governor. Ex-officio members are the Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, speaker of the House of Delegates, and the Mayor of Richmond. Terms of office are limited to five years, with no person eligible to serve consecutively more than two terms. The Board determines policy, and selects a Director to carry out Museum operations. Directors and their dates of service: Thomas C. Colt, Jr., 1935-1948; Leslie Cheek, Jr., 1948-1968; James M. Brown, 1969-1976; R. Peter Mooz, 1976-1981; Paul N. Perrot, 1984-1991; Katharine C. Lee, 1991-2000; Michael Brand, 2000-2005; and Alexander L. Nyerges, 2006 - . During World War II, Thomas C. Colt, Jr. took a leave of absence from the Museum to reenlist in the military. In his place, Beatrice von Keller and Violet MacDougall Pollard became Associate Directors of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, overseeing Museum operations during Mr. Colt's absence.","\nOver the history of Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the physical building has undergone many additions and renovations. In 1954, using state appropriations and private philanthropy, a north wing was added to increase gallery space and house a 530-seat theatre with a professionally equipped stage. The 1970 south wing, financed solely by the state, restored the originally-conceived Georgian style rectangle. This wing increased gallery space and expanded operational facilities. The later north wing, also funded by the state, opened in 1976, adding three more galleries, a sculpture garden with a cascading fountain, 375-seat auditorium, lecture hall, relocated members' suite, and a public cafeteria. In 1985, the west wing, financed by combined grants of $12 million from Paul Mellon and Sydney and Frances Lewis, and matched by $10 million appropriated by the commonwealth, opened. The 1976 north wing was later demolished to make room for a 100,000 square foot expansion designed by London-based architect Rick Mather, which is expected to open in 2009. \n","\nIn 1953, the Artmobile program, financed by private donors, businesses and foundations, provided statewide opportunities for education in the arts through traveling programs and exhibits. At the height of the program, there were four Artmobiles in service, including one specifically geared towards college students. The Artmobile program was discontinued in 1994 after 41 years of service. \n","\nEstablished in 1955, the Virginia Museum Theatre was the resident theatre group of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Offering high-quality productions and notable guest performers and directors, the Virginia Museum Theatre brought avant-garde productions as well as popular theatre productions to Richmond. The Virginia Museum Theatre began as a community theatre company and in the 1970s became a 'professional, Equity-affiliated LORT-C theater'. In 1986, the Virginia Museum Theatre became TheatreVirginia, an organization that was independent of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. TheatreVirginia continued to present productions at the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts until 2002 when TheatreVirginia ceased operating due to budget constraints. \n","\nThe Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, through its Office of Statewide Partnerships, has partnered with over 350 nonprofit institutions throughout Virginia to deliver programs, exhibitions to the citizens of Virginia. Now housed in the Pauley Center, the Office of Statewide Partnerships offers crated exhibitions, audiovisual programs, lectures, and workshops in addition to programs specifically geared to students and the educational requirements indicated in Virginia's Standards of Learning program. \n","\nThe Virginia Museum of Fine Arts is active in many aspects of art and arts education. In addition to active acquisition and exhibitions programs, the Museum offers many instructional programs including lectures, special programs as well as fellowship, apprenticeship and resident programs. An extensive art reference library is available to the general public. \n","\nPublications of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts include a bulletin/calendar and regular exhibition catalogues. Previous publications include \"Arts in Virginia\" from 1960 until 1993. \n","Contains the records of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1933 until 1977 (bulk 1934-1976). The records are arranged alphabetically by folder title and include annual reports, correspondence, memos, minutes, reports and other materials related to the planning of events, programs and exhibitions at the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Of particular interest are the materials regarding the planning of exhibitions, the development of the Artmobile program and the Virginia Museum Theatre, and general planning regarding the future direction and growth of the Museum. \n","\nThe collection documents the terms of the first three Directors of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts: Thomas C. Colt, Jr. (1933-1948); Leslie Cheek, Jr. (1948-1968) and James M. Brown (1968-1976). Also documented are the terms of the Associate Directors of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts during World War II: Violet MacDougall Pollard and Beatrice von Keller and long-time associate director Muriel B. Christison. \n","\nOf note in the collection is: the correspondence with members of the Board of Trustees; records of the construction of the original building in 1934 and subsequent additions; and correspondence with various artists, donors and art dealers. Notable correspondents include: Henry W. Anderson; Julien Binford; Alexander Calder; John Canaday; Walter Chrysler, Jr.; Elizabeth Nottingham Day; Horace Day; Jessie Ball duPont; Douglas Southall Freeman; Aldred Geiffert, Jr.; Paul L. Grigaut; Carlisle H. Humelsine; Jay W. Johns; Merrill C. Lee; Paul Mellon; Jo Mielziner; John Lee Pratt; Vincent Price; John D. Rockefeller, III; Aline Saarinen; Eero Saarinen; Edward D. Stone; Lewis L. 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Records of these activities are found in this collection, including notes, correspondence, drawings and photographs. \n","Access to specific materials within this accession are restricted as follows: Architectural drawings and access system details (Code of Virginia 2.2-3705.2(2)); Closed meeting records of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Board of Trustees (Code of Virginia 2.2-3711(0)); Certain financial records that may jeopardize the security of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and its collections and records disclosing the identity of anonymous donors (by agency request). Access to restricted materials may be granted only with the written permission of the Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts or with the written permission of the Archivist of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["33863, 44067\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A Guide to the Directors' Correspondence of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts\n1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976)"],"collection_title_tesim":["A Guide to the Directors' Correspondence of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts\n1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976)"],"collection_ssim":["A Guide to the Directors' Correspondence of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts\n1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["81.85 cu. ft., 91 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by folder title.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically by folder title.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the nation's first state-supported art museum, opened to the public on 16 January 1936, \"to promote education in the realm of art throughout the commonwealth,\" (Section 9-78, Code of Virginia). 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Additional monies from the Federal Works Project Administration completed the funding, and in 1934 the General Assembly designated the site for the building on the grounds of the Robert E. Lee Camp Soldiers' Home at Boulevard and Grove avenues, named it the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, and vested control and management in a Board of Trustees.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nFrom the establishment of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the Board of Trustees was given full power and authority to manage, control, maintain, and operate the Museum. The Board numbers from 25 to 35 members appointed by the Governor. Ex-officio members are the Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, speaker of the House of Delegates, and the Mayor of Richmond. Terms of office are limited to five years, with no person eligible to serve consecutively more than two terms. The Board determines policy, and selects a Director to carry out Museum operations. Directors and their dates of service: Thomas C. 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This wing increased gallery space and expanded operational facilities. The later north wing, also funded by the state, opened in 1976, adding three more galleries, a sculpture garden with a cascading fountain, 375-seat auditorium, lecture hall, relocated members' suite, and a public cafeteria. In 1985, the west wing, financed by combined grants of $12 million from Paul Mellon and Sydney and Frances Lewis, and matched by $10 million appropriated by the commonwealth, opened. The 1976 north wing was later demolished to make room for a 100,000 square foot expansion designed by London-based architect Rick Mather, which is expected to open in 2009. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIn 1953, the Artmobile program, financed by private donors, businesses and foundations, provided statewide opportunities for education in the arts through traveling programs and exhibits. 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TheatreVirginia continued to present productions at the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts until 2002 when TheatreVirginia ceased operating due to budget constraints. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, through its Office of Statewide Partnerships, has partnered with over 350 nonprofit institutions throughout Virginia to deliver programs, exhibitions to the citizens of Virginia. Now housed in the Pauley Center, the Office of Statewide Partnerships offers crated exhibitions, audiovisual programs, lectures, and workshops in addition to programs specifically geared to students and the educational requirements indicated in Virginia's Standards of Learning program. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Virginia Museum of Fine Arts is active in many aspects of art and arts education. 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Additional monies from the Federal Works Project Administration completed the funding, and in 1934 the General Assembly designated the site for the building on the grounds of the Robert E. Lee Camp Soldiers' Home at Boulevard and Grove avenues, named it the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, and vested control and management in a Board of Trustees.\n","\nFrom the establishment of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the Board of Trustees was given full power and authority to manage, control, maintain, and operate the Museum. The Board numbers from 25 to 35 members appointed by the Governor. Ex-officio members are the Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, speaker of the House of Delegates, and the Mayor of Richmond. Terms of office are limited to five years, with no person eligible to serve consecutively more than two terms. The Board determines policy, and selects a Director to carry out Museum operations. Directors and their dates of service: Thomas C. Colt, Jr., 1935-1948; Leslie Cheek, Jr., 1948-1968; James M. Brown, 1969-1976; R. Peter Mooz, 1976-1981; Paul N. Perrot, 1984-1991; Katharine C. Lee, 1991-2000; Michael Brand, 2000-2005; and Alexander L. Nyerges, 2006 - . During World War II, Thomas C. Colt, Jr. took a leave of absence from the Museum to reenlist in the military. In his place, Beatrice von Keller and Violet MacDougall Pollard became Associate Directors of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, overseeing Museum operations during Mr. Colt's absence.","\nOver the history of Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, the physical building has undergone many additions and renovations. In 1954, using state appropriations and private philanthropy, a north wing was added to increase gallery space and house a 530-seat theatre with a professionally equipped stage. The 1970 south wing, financed solely by the state, restored the originally-conceived Georgian style rectangle. This wing increased gallery space and expanded operational facilities. The later north wing, also funded by the state, opened in 1976, adding three more galleries, a sculpture garden with a cascading fountain, 375-seat auditorium, lecture hall, relocated members' suite, and a public cafeteria. In 1985, the west wing, financed by combined grants of $12 million from Paul Mellon and Sydney and Frances Lewis, and matched by $10 million appropriated by the commonwealth, opened. The 1976 north wing was later demolished to make room for a 100,000 square foot expansion designed by London-based architect Rick Mather, which is expected to open in 2009. \n","\nIn 1953, the Artmobile program, financed by private donors, businesses and foundations, provided statewide opportunities for education in the arts through traveling programs and exhibits. At the height of the program, there were four Artmobiles in service, including one specifically geared towards college students. The Artmobile program was discontinued in 1994 after 41 years of service. \n","\nEstablished in 1955, the Virginia Museum Theatre was the resident theatre group of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Offering high-quality productions and notable guest performers and directors, the Virginia Museum Theatre brought avant-garde productions as well as popular theatre productions to Richmond. The Virginia Museum Theatre began as a community theatre company and in the 1970s became a 'professional, Equity-affiliated LORT-C theater'. In 1986, the Virginia Museum Theatre became TheatreVirginia, an organization that was independent of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. TheatreVirginia continued to present productions at the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts until 2002 when TheatreVirginia ceased operating due to budget constraints. \n","\nThe Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, through its Office of Statewide Partnerships, has partnered with over 350 nonprofit institutions throughout Virginia to deliver programs, exhibitions to the citizens of Virginia. Now housed in the Pauley Center, the Office of Statewide Partnerships offers crated exhibitions, audiovisual programs, lectures, and workshops in addition to programs specifically geared to students and the educational requirements indicated in Virginia's Standards of Learning program. \n","\nThe Virginia Museum of Fine Arts is active in many aspects of art and arts education. In addition to active acquisition and exhibitions programs, the Museum offers many instructional programs including lectures, special programs as well as fellowship, apprenticeship and resident programs. An extensive art reference library is available to the general public. \n","\nPublications of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts include a bulletin/calendar and regular exhibition catalogues. Previous publications include \"Arts in Virginia\" from 1960 until 1993. \n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Museum of Fine Arts. Directors' Correspondence, 1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976). Accessions 33863 and 44067, State Government Records Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Directors' Correspondence, 1933-1977 (bulk 1934-1976). Accessions 33863 and 44067, State Government Records Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContains the records of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts from 1933 until 1977 (bulk 1934-1976). 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Christison. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOf note in the collection is: the correspondence with members of the Board of Trustees; records of the construction of the original building in 1934 and subsequent additions; and correspondence with various artists, donors and art dealers. Notable correspondents include: Henry W. Anderson; Julien Binford; Alexander Calder; John Canaday; Walter Chrysler, Jr.; Elizabeth Nottingham Day; Horace Day; Jessie Ball duPont; Douglas Southall Freeman; Aldred Geiffert, Jr.; Paul L. Grigaut; Carlisle H. Humelsine; Jay W. Johns; Merrill C. Lee; Paul Mellon; Jo Mielziner; John Lee Pratt; Vincent Price; John D. Rockefeller, III; Aline Saarinen; Eero Saarinen; Edward D. Stone; Lewis L. Strauss; Alexander W. Weddell; E. Randolph Williams; Andrew Wyeth; and Richard Q. 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Also documented are the terms of the Associate Directors of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts during World War II: Violet MacDougall Pollard and Beatrice von Keller and long-time associate director Muriel B. Christison. \n","\nOf note in the collection is: the correspondence with members of the Board of Trustees; records of the construction of the original building in 1934 and subsequent additions; and correspondence with various artists, donors and art dealers. Notable correspondents include: Henry W. Anderson; Julien Binford; Alexander Calder; John Canaday; Walter Chrysler, Jr.; Elizabeth Nottingham Day; Horace Day; Jessie Ball duPont; Douglas Southall Freeman; Aldred Geiffert, Jr.; Paul L. Grigaut; Carlisle H. Humelsine; Jay W. Johns; Merrill C. Lee; Paul Mellon; Jo Mielziner; John Lee Pratt; Vincent Price; John D. Rockefeller, III; Aline Saarinen; Eero Saarinen; Edward D. Stone; Lewis L. Strauss; Alexander W. Weddell; E. Randolph Williams; Andrew Wyeth; and Richard Q. Yardley. \n","\nIn addition to the records documenting the operations of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, there are numerous records documenting other activities of the director and staff. Leslie Cheek, Jr. was involved in a number of activities including: member of the Fine Arts Advisory Committee for the 1958 World's Fair in Brussels; member of the United States Fine Arts Commission of UNESCO; member of the Fine Arts Committee of the U.S. Air Force Academy; Professional Advisor to the Virginia War Memorial; and United States Coordinator for the international touring exhibition Design in Scandinavia. Violet MacDougall Pollard served as Chair of the Virginia Inter-Agency Committee on Recreation. Muriel B. Christison was active with the Virginia Arts Alliance. Records of these activities are found in this collection, including notes, correspondence, drawings and photographs. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to specific materials within this accession are restricted as follows: Architectural drawings and access system details (Code of Virginia 2.2-3705.2(2)); Closed meeting records of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Board of Trustees (Code of Virginia 2.2-3711(0)); Certain financial records that may jeopardize the security of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts and its collections and records disclosing the identity of anonymous donors (by agency request). 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Access to restricted materials may be granted only with the written permission of the Director of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts or with the written permission of the Archivist of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":3851,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:54:27.485Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01059_c3276"}},{"id":"vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c729","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zehmer, George B. (UVA Extension Service),\n\t\t1943-1945.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c729#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c729","ref_ssm":["vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c729"],"id":"vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c729","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04855","_root_":"vi_vi04855","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04855_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"vi_vi04855_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["vi_vi04855","vi_vi04855_c01","vi_vi04855_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi04855","vi_vi04855_c01","vi_vi04855_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,","Series I. Correspondence, \n\t\t1942-1945.","Correspondence, 1943-1945."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,","Series I. Correspondence, \n\t\t1942-1945.","Correspondence, 1943-1945."],"text":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,","Series I. Correspondence, \n\t\t1942-1945.","Correspondence, 1943-1945.","Zehmer, George B. (UVA Extension Service),\n\t\t1943-1945.","box 29","folder 34"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zehmer, George B. (UVA Extension Service),\n\t\t 1943-1945 .\n\t\t","title_ssm":["Zehmer, George B. (UVA Extension Service),\n\t\t1943-1945."],"title_tesim":["Zehmer, George B. (UVA Extension Service),\n\t\t1943-1945."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zehmer, George B. (UVA Extension Service),\n\t\t1943-1945."],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1285,"containers_ssim":["box 29","folder 34"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#728","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:02:27.500Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi04855","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04855","_root_":"vi_vi04855","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04855","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04855.xml","title_ssm":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-1947 (bulk 1942-1944)."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1947 (bulk 1942-1944)."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["22499"],"text":["22499","Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,","98.35 cu. ft. (314 boxes)","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by type of record and chronologically or alphabettically thereunder.","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Correspondence, 1942-1945;  Series II. Correspondence with Localities, 1942-1945;  Series III. Subject Files, 1942-1945; Series IV. Civilian Mobilization for War Services, 1942-1945; Series V. Civilian Protection, 1942-1945; Series VI. State Child Care Committee, 1942-1944; Series VII. Emergency Medical Services, 1941-1944; Series VIII. Evacuation Authority, 1942-1944; Series IX. Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities, 1942-1944; Series X. Transmissions and Directives from the Virginia Office Of Civilian Defense, 1942-1945; Series XI. Transmissions and Directives from the U.S. Office Of Civilian Defense, 1941-1945; Series XII. Financial Records, 1942-1946; Series XIII. Personnel Records, 1940-1945; Series XIV. History Files, undated; Series XV. Photographs, 1940-1945; Series XVI. Posters, 1941-1945; Series XVII. Published Materials, 1939-1947; Series XVIII. Virginia Defense Council, 1940-1942; Series XIX. Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, 1941-1942;","Governor James H. Price created the Virginia Defense Council in May 1940 by Executive Order to aid the National Defense Council by mobilizing the State's resources so that Virginia could effectively organize for protection in the event of an attack on American soil.  Colonel Mills F. Neal was appointed the first Coordinator, though he resigned in November of 1940 and was replaced by Brigadier General James A. Anderson.  J.H. Wyze was appointed Assistant Coordinator in January 1941.  Governor Price originially appointed ten members to the Council, though this number was later raised to sixteen members. The members of the Council represented activities across the state, including industry, labor, welfare, recreation, agriculture, transportation, education and the military.  The State was divided into eight Regional Defense Councils (Fredericksburg, Hampton Roads, Northern Virginia. Radford, Richmond-Petersburg-Hopewell, Shenandoah Valley, Southern Piedmont and Southwest Virginia) to assist in coordinating and managing defense activities across the state.  The Council and regional councils were advisory and had no administration authority.  The Virginia Defense Council established the Virginia Protective Force to take the place of the National Guard, which had been inducted into the Army; the Aircraft Warning Service; the Air Raid Warning System, with Warning and Control Centers; and Emergency Medical Services, which conducted surveys of medical facilities and personnel to assist in planning for medical services in case of emergency.  The Council and regional offices also organized auxilliary police and firemen, home nursing and nutrition classes, and resource conservation activities, and established Recreation Committees to support visiting soldiers.  Gen. Anderson resigned in August of 1941 and J. H. Wyze was appointed Acting Coordinator, and served in that capacity until the Virginia Defense Council was automatically dissolved on January 20, 1942, when Governor Price left office, though the Council remained active during an interim period between January 21-February 11, 1942.","The Virginia Office of Civilian Defense was established by an Act of the General Assembly (Chap. 10, Acts of 1942, House Bill 209), on February 11, 1942. Governor Colgate Darden, Jr., appointed J. H. Wyse as State Coordinator with authority to administer Civilian Defense programs at the state level and to organize and direct local defense councils.  Rather than organize under the old regional system, the Office of Civilian Defense established local defense councils in counties, cities and incorporated towns throughout the state, with the mayor or chief executive officer as the director of the local council.  The Office coordinated the activities, services and programs of the local defense councils, but this system placed responsibility for civilian defense in the hands of local public officials.","Two major divisions of the Office of Civilian Defense were Civilian Protection and Civilian Mobilization for War Services.  Civilian Protection activities were carried out by U.S. Citizens Defense Corps and included Air Raid Wardens and Shelters, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Blackout testing, Decontamination Squads, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing Services, Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Welfare Services, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Gas Program, Plant Protection, Road Repair Crews, and the State Evacuation Authority.  Civilian Mobilization for War Services was carried out by the U.S. Citizens Service Corps, which led efforts to keep the homefront strong in areas including Child Care, Consumer Programs, Health and Hospital Services, Housing Services, Library Services, Nutrition Services, Recreation and Youth Group Services, Salvage Programs, and War Bonds and Stamps.","With the defeat of Germany and Japan in 1945 the need for the office came to an end.  On November 19, 1945, Governor Darden issued an executive order abolishing the office effective January 1, 1946.","Original folder titles have been retained.\n","This collection documents the activities of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (1942-1945), and also includes some records from the Virginia Defense Council (1940-1942), and the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council (1941 Dec-1942).  Virginia Office of Civilian Defense records include series for Correspondence, Subject files, Civilian Mobilization, Civilian Protection, State Child Care Committee, Emergency Medical Service, Evacuation Authority, Coordinator fo Negro Civilian Defense Activities, Transmissions and Directives, Financial and Personnel records, History files, Photographs, Posters and Published Materials.\n","This series is housed in 29 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by surname of correspondent or by company name.  These files consist of copies of the outgoing correspondence of the Director of the Office of Civilian Defense, J. H. Wyse, as well as correspondence from Wyse by others in the office, including J. Linwood Rice (Assistant to the Coordinator), Mary V. Marks (Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization), James F. Nicholas (Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities), and John Howard (Chief Air Raid Precautions, State Plant Coordinator), among others.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives and state and federal officials.","This series is housed in 65 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of locality, with counties, cities and towns being filed together in one sequence.  These files consist of incoming correspondence from localities, copies of the outgoing correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense, reports and may contain other types of attachments, including agendas, forms, meeting summaries, memoranda, newspaper clippings, press releases, publications.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Most of the copies of outgoing correspondence can also be found in Series I. Correspondence. Outgoing correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives, but may also include correspondence with state government and federal government officials. The locality correspondence files are also further sub-divided into categories for General correspondence, Civilian Mobilization correspondence, and Civilian Protection correspondence.","The majority of the the correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense comes from J. H. Wyse, Coordinator; John J. Howard, Director of Air Raid Precautions and State Plant Protection Officer; Mary Marks, Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization; and James F. Nicholas, Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities.","General correspondence topics may include administrative activities, African American participation, appointments, compensation, conferences, field visits, insignia, meetings, organization, personnel, publications, publicity, Red Cross, service awards, and speaking engagements.","Civilian Mobilization correspondence topics may include appointments, block plans, car sharing,  child care, Citizen Service Corps, conservation of critical resources, education, field visits, food preservation, Invasion Day, Junior Citizen Service Corps, nutrition, Office of Price Administration, organization summaries and charts, rationing (food, mileage, point), recreation, salvage, training, victory gardens, war bonds, and the War Fund.","Civilian Protection correspondence topics may include air raid precautions(blackouts, dim outs, equipment, signals, warning districts and warning systems), auxiliary services (fire, police, emergency medical), bomb reconnaissance, civilian protection reporting, federal equipment (borrowing, leasing, using), gas specialists, pennants, plant protection and security programs.","The Defense Act required that local councils of defense be established in each county, city and town in the state and provided that the mayor or chief executive of cities would be named director of the local defense council, and that county boards of supervisors would appoint the director-coordinator of each county defense council.  163 local defense councils in 100 counties, 24 cities, and 39 incorporated towns, covering the entire state were organized.","This series is housed in 66 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  The subject files include correspondence, publications, and reports on a variety of topics related to civilian defense in general, and specifically to the operation of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  Topics cover all aspects of civilian defense and include aircraft and air raid warning, blackouts, civilian defense, civilian mobilization, community organizations, directives, federal equipment, industry, insignia, medical services, procedures, publications, reporting, salvage, state and federal government, supplies, and transportation. The majority of the correspondence in this series are copies, with the original incoming correspondence located the correspondence series (Series I).","This series is housed in 16 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, newsletters, publications and reports. Topics that fall under Civilian Mobilization include agriculture, block leaders, child care, consumer interests, education, food preservation, health services, home demonstration, Junior Citizens Service Corps, nutrition, rationing, recreation and services for servicemen, recreation and youth group services, salvage, victory gardens, and war bonds and stamps.","Civilian Mobilization for War Services was organized to promote strong communities to back up military operations and morale.  The state office served as a coordination point for information and , planning and Mary V. Marks served as Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization from July 1942 to October 1944.  Local Chiefs of Civilian Mobilization were named in each locality to work with the state office and existing public and private agencies and other organizations within the community to meet local needs.  The U.S. Citizens Service Corps was organized to keep the home front strong by leading the fight against ineffiency, insecurity and poor health within the community. ","The Civilian Protection series is housed in 18 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic or locality.  The series includes sub-series for Correspondence and subject files, 1942-1945, and Civilian Defense Reports, 1942-1944. ","The U.S. Citizens Defense Corps was established in each local defense council with different units organized for the protection of life and property in the locality.  Some of these units included Air Raid Wardens, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Messengers, Decontamination Squads, Demolition and Clearance Crews, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing, Resuce Squads, Utility Repair Squads, and Road Repair Crews.  The Emergency Welfare Service was established in Feb 1943 to direct and supervise emergency welfare services of local defense councils, including emergency housing and feeding in the event of attack or other disaster.  Dr. William H. Stauffer of the State Dept. of Welfare was appointed State Chief of Emergency Welfare Services and superintendents were named in local target areas.","Correspondence and subject files, 1942-1945, are housed in 16 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, bulletins, communications, conference materials, invitations, lists, memoranda, minutes, newsletters, newspaper clippings, presentations, programs, publications and reports.  Topics may include aircraft warning service, air raid shelters, blackouts, chemical warfare, control centers, dimouts, emergency preparedness, federal equipment loaned, fire protection, plant protection, protection mobilization, security, and warning centers.  \n\t\t","Civilian Protection Reports, 1942-1944, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  The pre-printed report forms (OCD Form 1) document numbers of defense staff, and numberd of volunteers in defense and service corps, and and also report on the status of protection plans and preparations (air raid warning systems, blackout systems, and control centers).  This series of reports is not complete.\n\t\t","This series is housed in 6 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, publications and reports.  Some publications in the series pre-date 1942, but were collected after 1942.  Topics may include, but are not limited to: child care (facilities, training, operation), child welfare during wartime, counseling, day care and nursery schools for children of working mothers, extended school services, federal funds, surveys, and workshops.","The State Child Care Committee was organized under the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense to stimulate interest and understanding of child care needs in Virginia; to assist localities in planning a comprehensive program of services for the care of children; and to foster and promote the coordination of efforts among public and private agencies dealing with child care, particularly in those areas in which the needs have grown as a result of the increased employment of women.  The establishment of a state child care committee was a prerequisite to obtaining federal funds to care for the children of employed mothers.  The committee was tasked with determining the needs for child care; reviewing and passing local plans concerned with child care where federal funds were used from the the President's Emergency Fund; assisting in the organization of local child care committees under the local defense councils; serving as a clearinghouse for information on child care throughout the state, and interpreting and disseminating this information; and preparing plans and suggestions to promote the proper use of existing facilities to meet the increasing demand of proper child care for children during war time.","Members of the State Child Care Committee included: R.N. Anderson, State Dept. of Education; May O. Hankins, Children's Bureua of the the Dept. of Public Welfare; Dr. Lorin A. Thompson, State Planning Board; John Hopkins Hall, Labor Commissioner; Dr. A. L. Carson, Jr., Dept. of Health; Maude Wallace, VPI Extension Service; Frank A. Cavedo, U.S. Employment Office; and Mary V. Marks, State Office of Civilian Defense and Supervisor for Civilian Mobilization.  Etta Rose Bailey, State Board of Education, served as the Executive Officer of the Committee.  Others who were highly involved with the Committee include: M. Frances Cromwell, State Supervisor of Extended School Services; Ruth Henderson, Supervisor of Elementary Education for the State Board of Education; and Dr. Dabney s. Lancaster, Superintendent of Public Instruction for the State Board of Education.","This series is housed in 12 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for general correspondence, correspondence with localities, and subject files.   The majority of the correspondence is with Edgar C. Harper, MD, Deputy Chief of Emergency Medical Services, and Sarah R. Radcliffe, RN, Nurse Deputy of Emergency Medical Services and local civilian defense councils.  These files may include incoming and outgoing correspondence, bulletins, circulars, forms, incident reports, instructions, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, notices, oaths, orders, plans, publications, questionnaires/surveys and reports.  Topics include but are not limited to: Affiliated Hospital Units, appointments (Emergency Medical Officers and local Nurse Deputies), Army hotel hospitals, blood plasma, chemical warfare, emergency base hospitals, equipment and supplies, establishment of local units, evacuation of casualties, federal government, home nursing, hospitalization, medical field units, meetings, nursing aides, organization of EMS and nurse services, policies and procedures, recruitment of staff, and transportation.","Emergency Medical Services (EMS) was responsible for the organization and training of local emergency medical personnel, preparation of hospital facilities for providing medical services to casualties that may result from bombing or sabotage, evacuation of casualties, supplying blood plasma and other medical supplies and equipment, setting up emergency base hospitals, and furnishing medical teams to areas in distress.  EMS was also responsible for the preparation of plans designed to prevent or alleviate any medical or public health hazards to which the civilian population may be exposed, and acted as liaison with federal agencies concerned with public health and medical care.  EMS was led by Dr. I.C. Riggin, Chief Emergency Medical Services, Deputy Director E.C. Harper, Hospital Officer M.H. Coleman, and State Nurse Deputy Sarah R. Radcliffe, who assisted in providing nursing services for emergencies.  Local EMS plans consisted of field casualty service, casualty receiving hospitals, ambulance transport, and emergency base hospitals to receive patients transferred from casualty receiving hospitals.  Local Chiefs of Emergency Medical Services were appointed in localities and Emergency Medical Field Units organized personnel, transportation, medical and surgical equipment, casualty stations and first aid posts, decontamination stations, and rescue squads and stretcher teams.","Correspondence files, 1942-1944, consist of 2 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t","Correspondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 5 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence.  Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically.","Subject files, 1942-1944, consist of 9 boxes and are arragned alphabetically by topic.","This State Evacuation Authority series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for subject files, locality files, correspondence, and evacuation facility files. These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, forms, meeting records, maps, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, plans, publications and reports.","The State Evacuation Authority was created by Civlian Defense Executive Order No. 88 on August 12, 1942, to cooperate with national regional evacuation authorities and to establish evacuation programs in the state in the event of bombings or other disasters.  The Authority was charged with making surveys and plans and setting up area or local evacuation authorities in order to expedite the evacuation of the civilian population in case of attack or other emergency.  Concerns during an emergency evacuation including housing, medical assitance, and food for evacuees.  The Authority was also charged with cooperating with the federal government and act on their behalf in the expenditure of federal funds.  Members included Chairman, J. H. Wyse, State Office of Civilian Defense; Hon. Gordon B. Ambler, Director, Richmond Office of Civilian Defense; Brig. Gen. James A. Anderson, State Highway Commissioner; Dabney S. Lancaster, State Superintendent of Public Instruction; William L. Leap, General Field Representative, Eastern Area, American Red Cross; Raymond B. Long, Director, State Planning Board; Dr. William H. Stauffer, State Commissioner of Public Welfare; L. M. Walker, Jr., State Commissioner of Agriculture; Maude Wallace, Assistant Director, V.P.I. Extension Service; Brig. Gen. S. Gardner Waller, Adjutant General of Virginia and Major C. W. Woodson, Superintendent, Virginia State Police. ","Subject files, 1942-1943, are housed in 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Includes of correspondence, maps, meeting records, minutes, plans, publications, and reports.  Topics include evacuation planning and logistics, area evacuation authorities, evacuation authorities in other states, housing, and meetings.\n\t\t","Locality files, 1943, consist of 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  Includes correspondence of Julian Brooks, Exective Officer of the Virginia Evacuation Authority, both incoming and copies of outgoing correspondence with local civilian defense councils. May also include a few publications, ephemera, maps, and proclamations.  Topics include facilities for evacuees, housing surveys, meeting planning and notes, organization of local evacuation committees, and various topics of local interest. \n\t\t","Correspondence, 1942-1944, is housed in 1 box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent.  Correspondence is between Julian Brooks and Virginia Evacuation Authority members or other evacuation officials, and covers topics such as meetings, evacuation planning and organization, and publication distribution.\n\t\t","The Evacuation Facilities files, 1943, are house in 1 box and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  These files include correspondence, data and survey forms, maps and reports.  The majority of the correspondence is between Julian Brooks and local officals.  Data forms include information about a locality, including names of civilian defense officials, population, names of local government officials, and meeting notes.  American Red Cross survey forms of local chapter resources include address, population served, names of committee chairmen, and specific information about the Disaster Committee, and food, shelter, clothing, transportation and medicial aid organization, and personnel analysis.  Reports contain information about localities and facility capacity.\n\t\t","The Negro Civilian Defense Activities series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for correspondence with localities, and correspondence and subject files. These files were maintained by Coordinator James F. Nicholas and include incoming and outgoing correspondence, meeting and conference notes, memoranda, news clippings, publications and reports.  Topics include local representatives (appointments, recommendations, resignations), programming, reporting, training, meetings and prospective visits, and issues of local interest. Original folder titles have been retained.","Special interest items include: Program and Proceedings of the 38th Annual Session Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1942, and Program of the 39th Annual Gathering of The Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 16); Program of the 66th Annual Celebration of the Emancipation of the Colored People in the USA (Emancipation Proclamation Association), Tappahannock, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 23); Pamphlet - Fairfax County Colored Citizens Assocaition, 1941 (Box 212, Folder 24); Program - Tenth Annual Commencement Exercises of the Medical College of Virginia, St. Philip School of Nursing, 1944 (Box 215, Folder 13); Pamphlet - The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Dedication of Service Flag, Manassas Industrial School, 1943 (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Thirtieth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society of Virginia, Chatham, 1942 (Box 215, Folder 15); Silver Jubilee Program of the Twenty-fifth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society, Charlotte Court House, 1937 (Box 215, Folder 15); and Pamphlet - Negro Organization Society, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 15).","James F. Nicholas was appointed Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities in June of 1942 and tasked with coordinating African American participation in protective and war service activities.  He worked with local defense councils to secure African American represenation and to increase volunteer involvement in local war time endeavors.  He also worked closely with the Racial Relations Advisor of the Third Civilian Defense Region.  Nicholas resigned in August 1944 to take a position at Virginia State College.","Correspondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 3 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence. Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically. \n\t\t","Correspondence and subject files, 1941-1944, consists of 4 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence, lists, newsletters, reports, transmissions from the U.S. Office of Civilian Defense (bulletins, digest, notices, operations letters, orders) and the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (correspondence, instructions, memoranda, publications, reports), topical files, and reports. Arranged alphabetically. Some items may pre-date 1942, but all files were created 1942-1944.\n\t\t","The Virginia Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives series is housed in 8 boxes and consists of official communications sent out by the VAOCD.  Includes bulletins, exectuive orders, informational memoranda, memoranda, operations letters and transmittal letters.","Bulletins, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and include communications sent by J. H. Wyze, State Coordinator.  The majority of the bulletins are addressed to local defense coordinators.  Arranged in bulletin number order. \n\t\t","Executive orders, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and are arranged by order number. The executive orders are signed by Governor Colgate W. Darden, with the majority of the orders issued in 1942.  Topics include the establishment of local defense councils and metropolitan areas, air raids, blackouts, dimouts and evacuation authority. Executive order No. 91 has not been located.\n\t\t","Informational memoranda, 1942-1945, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged by memoranda number. The informational memoranda are from J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, or his designee, and are mainly directed towards executive officers, local directors and coordinators, and local government officials.  Several memoranda are missing from this sequence.  Also includes a chronological list of informational memoranda (1 v.)\n\t\t","Memoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged chronologically. The memoranda are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors.  Some memoranda include referenced attachments.  It is not known why these particular memoranda were separated out and filed together as a series by the Office of Civilian Defense, as many other memoranda were also sent.\n\t\t","Operations procedures, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in procedure number order. The operation procedures are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These procedures include information on general operations and regulations, and any changes to those.\n\t\t","Transmittal letters, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in letter number order. The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These directives are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Some letters include referenced attachments.\n\t\t","Transmittal memoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in memoranda number order. Only includes No. 16-20.  The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These memoranda are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Referenced attachments are not included.\n\t\t","The U.S. Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives (USOCD) series is housed in 4 boxes and consists of official communications issued by the USOCD.  Includes administrative orders, bulletins, circulars, notices and opertions letters.","Administrative orders, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged in amendment number order.  The following administrative orders are not included in this series: 7, 8, 10, 17, 22, 28, 35, 36 and 37. \n\t\t","Bulletins, 1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of bulletin, and by bulletin number thereunder.  Includes general, protection and war services bulletins.  Incomplete series.  Bulletins replaced operations letters nad circulars  on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t","Circulars, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of circular, and by circular number thereunder.  Includes general, medical, mobilization, protection and war service series of circulars.  Incomplete series.  Circulars were replaced by bulletins on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t","Manual, 1943, consists 1 compiled volume and includes circulars, memoranda, regulations, instructions and forms related to federal equipment and the duties of property officers.\n\t\t","Notices, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged chronologically.\n\t\t","Operations letters, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged numerically by letter number.\n\t\t","Financial records, 1942-1946, are housed in 2 boxes and document fiscal matters related to the Office of Civilian Defense, including appropriations, budgeting and expeditures.  Includes allotments, budgets, correspondence, instructions, ledgers, memoranda, published material and reports. ","Personnel records, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically.  These records document personnel and compensation responsibilites of the Office of Civilian Defense, including hiring, payroll, salaries and benefits, and resignations.  Includes applications, correspondence, forms, memoranda, procedures, publicationas, reports, rules, and regulations. ","History files are housed in 3 boxes and provide a chronology and narrative account of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  This series includes A Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, and the multi-part Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, which is divided into nine books and also includes draft files.  The history is divided into three distinct periods: Period I, May 30, 1940-Jan 20 1942 (Virginia Defense Council); Period II, Jan 21-Feb 11, 1942 (Interim period); and Period III, Feb 11, 1942-June 30, 1943 (Virginia Office of Civilian Defense).  The history files cover organization, membership and staff of the Virginia Defense Council and Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and provide detailed summaries of activities and services.","A Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, was compiled by Virginia Office of Civilian Defense staff and covers Period I, Period II, and the beginning of Period III. ","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 1 (p.1-129) covers Period I and includes chapters on Organization and Activities; Period II; and Period III, which includes chapters on Organization, U.S. Citizens Defense Corps.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 2 (p. 130-209) covers Period III and includes chapters on Other Activities, Air Raid Precautions, and State Control Center.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 3 (p. 210-367) covers Period III and includes Governor Darden's Executive Orders related to civilian defense.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 4 (p. 368-443) covers Period III, specifically Section II. Civilian Mobilization, and includes chapters on Civilian Mobilization and Negro Activities.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 5 (p. 444-602) covers Period III and includes Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 6 (p. 603-649) covers Period III and includes Miscellaneous topics.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 7 (p. 650-772) covers Period III and includes Related Activities.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 8 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes Information Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, No. 86 (July 3, 1942) to No. 242 (July 8, 1944).","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 9 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes memoranda, bulletins, transmittal letters, and operations procedures issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.","Photographs, 1940-1945, are housed in 1 box and appear to be photographs that were used in the Civilian Defense newsletters.  When identified by individual, topic or poster title, photographs are in alphabetical order within each type, with miscellaneous, unidentified photographs being grouped together in the last folder. ","Posters, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Includes posters, broadsides, and advertisements.","Published materials include books, brochures, bulletins, journals, newsletters, pamphelts, reprints of articles, and other publications.  These materials were boxes separately from the rest of the collection and other published materials can be found throughout the collection.","Brochures and pamphlets, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged alphabetically. Includes educational and promotional brochures and pamphlets, as well as advertisements, recipe booklets and small informational broadsides.  These items were found loose at the end of the collection, but these types of materials are also found throughout the collection, especialy in the various subject files series.\n\t\t","Newsletters and journals, 1942-1944, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. This collection of bulletins, journals, and newsletters was found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include articles of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other periodicals can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t","Publications, 1939-1947, are housed in 8 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. These publications were found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include publications of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other publications can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t","Scrapbooks, 1940-1945, are housed in 5 boxes and are arranged chronologically. These scrapbooks were maintained by the Virginia Defense Council and later the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and contain newspaper clippings of articles related to civilian defense activities from various newspapers throughout the state.\n\t\t","This series is housed in X boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, subject files, and minutes.","Correspondence files, 1940, consist of 1 box and include both incoming and outgoing correspondence of various Virginia Defense Council members, including Mills F. Neal, Coordinator of the Virginia Defense Council.\n\t\t","Correspondence files, 1940 Dec-1941 Dec, consist of 3 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence from General James A. Anderson, Coordinator; and J. H. Wyse, Assistant Coordinator, and later Acting Coordinator.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t","Correspondence with Regional Defense Councils, 1941-1942, is housed in 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of defense council. Includes incoming and outgoing correspondence of J. H. Wyse, Acting Coordinator (later Coordinator of the Virginia Office Office of Civilian Defense), as well as memoranda and reports. \n\t\t","Memoranda, 1940-1942, are housed in 1 box and are arranged numerically by memoranda numer. Includes memoranda from the Virginia Defense Council Coordinator to all Virginia Defense Council members.\n\t\t","Minutes, 1940-1942, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged chronologically. Includes one volume of official minutes with attachements, and loose materials that include copies of minutes, drafts, memoranda, reports, agendas and newspaper clippings.  Includes minutes for the full Virginia Defense Council, as well as the Executive Committee.\n\t\t","Subject files, 1940-1941, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Files were kept separately for 1940 and for 1941 and that arrangement is reflected in this series.\n\t\t","This series is housed in 10 boxes and sub-series are arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, correspondence with local councils, and subject files.  These files were kept by Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary of the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, between 1941 Dec and mid-1942, and appear to have been forwarded to Office of Civilian Defense.  The reason for this is unclear, as no other records kept by Region Defense Councils were found in this collection.","Correspondence files, 1941-1942, consists of 4 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence of Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary with local, state, and federal officials, as well as Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council members and local area coordinators.  Topics include appointments, blackout ordinances, defense bonds and stamps, logistics, meetings, rationing, reporting, transition to new local defense council model, and other topics of local interest.  Files may also include reports and publications.\n\t\t","Correspondence with local councils, 1941-1942, consists of 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by local defense council.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence between Thomas P. Shelburne, Executive Secretary, and local defense council coordinators.  The majority of the correspondence is related to administrative and logistical matters.  May slso include membership lists, organization charts, plans, precinct information, reports, and checklists for coordinators, which include detailed information about each local council.  Folder titles include the county, local area council and coordinator.\n\t\t","Subject files, 1941-1942, consist of 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically.  These topical files include correspondence, lists, memoranda, minutes, publications, and reports.  Topics include civilian protection, coordination of local councils, health, rationing and salvage, among others. \n\t\t","There are 5 oversize boxes that consist of larger size materials pulled from throughout the collection.  Separation notices in collection will point to the correct oversize box."],"unitid_tesim":["22499"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Office of Civilian Defense."],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Office of Civilian Defense."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accession 22499 was transferred by the Virginia World War II History Commission on 8/10/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["98.35 cu. ft. (314 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by type of record and chronologically or alphabettically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I. Correspondence, 1942-1945; \u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries II. Correspondence with Localities, 1942-1945; \u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries III. Subject Files, 1942-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Civilian Mobilization for War Services, 1942-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Civilian Protection, 1942-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. State Child Care Committee, 1942-1944;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Emergency Medical Services, 1941-1944;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Evacuation Authority, 1942-1944;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities, 1942-1944;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries X. Transmissions and Directives from the Virginia Office Of Civilian Defense, 1942-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XI. Transmissions and Directives from the U.S. Office Of Civilian Defense, 1941-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XII. Financial Records, 1942-1946;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XIII. Personnel Records, 1940-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XIV. History Files, undated;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XV. Photographs, 1940-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XVI. Posters, 1941-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XVII. Published Materials, 1939-1947;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XVIII. Virginia Defense Council, 1940-1942;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XIX. Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, 1941-1942;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\n      \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by type of record and chronologically or alphabettically thereunder.","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Correspondence, 1942-1945;  Series II. Correspondence with Localities, 1942-1945;  Series III. Subject Files, 1942-1945; Series IV. Civilian Mobilization for War Services, 1942-1945; Series V. Civilian Protection, 1942-1945; Series VI. State Child Care Committee, 1942-1944; Series VII. Emergency Medical Services, 1941-1944; Series VIII. Evacuation Authority, 1942-1944; Series IX. Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities, 1942-1944; Series X. Transmissions and Directives from the Virginia Office Of Civilian Defense, 1942-1945; Series XI. Transmissions and Directives from the U.S. Office Of Civilian Defense, 1941-1945; Series XII. Financial Records, 1942-1946; Series XIII. Personnel Records, 1940-1945; Series XIV. History Files, undated; Series XV. Photographs, 1940-1945; Series XVI. Posters, 1941-1945; Series XVII. Published Materials, 1939-1947; Series XVIII. Virginia Defense Council, 1940-1942; Series XIX. Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, 1941-1942;"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGovernor James H. Price created the Virginia Defense Council in May 1940 by Executive Order to aid the National Defense Council by mobilizing the State's resources so that Virginia could effectively organize for protection in the event of an attack on American soil.  Colonel Mills F. Neal was appointed the first Coordinator, though he resigned in November of 1940 and was replaced by Brigadier General James A. Anderson.  J.H. Wyze was appointed Assistant Coordinator in January 1941.  Governor Price originially appointed ten members to the Council, though this number was later raised to sixteen members. The members of the Council represented activities across the state, including industry, labor, welfare, recreation, agriculture, transportation, education and the military.  The State was divided into eight Regional Defense Councils (Fredericksburg, Hampton Roads, Northern Virginia. Radford, Richmond-Petersburg-Hopewell, Shenandoah Valley, Southern Piedmont and Southwest Virginia) to assist in coordinating and managing defense activities across the state.  The Council and regional councils were advisory and had no administration authority.  The Virginia Defense Council established the Virginia Protective Force to take the place of the National Guard, which had been inducted into the Army; the Aircraft Warning Service; the Air Raid Warning System, with Warning and Control Centers; and Emergency Medical Services, which conducted surveys of medical facilities and personnel to assist in planning for medical services in case of emergency.  The Council and regional offices also organized auxilliary police and firemen, home nursing and nutrition classes, and resource conservation activities, and established Recreation Committees to support visiting soldiers.  Gen. Anderson resigned in August of 1941 and J. H. Wyze was appointed Acting Coordinator, and served in that capacity until the Virginia Defense Council was automatically dissolved on January 20, 1942, when Governor Price left office, though the Council remained active during an interim period between January 21-February 11, 1942.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Office of Civilian Defense was established by an Act of the General Assembly (Chap. 10, Acts of 1942, House Bill 209), on February 11, 1942. Governor Colgate Darden, Jr., appointed J. H. Wyse as State Coordinator with authority to administer Civilian Defense programs at the state level and to organize and direct local defense councils.  Rather than organize under the old regional system, the Office of Civilian Defense established local defense councils in counties, cities and incorporated towns throughout the state, with the mayor or chief executive officer as the director of the local council.  The Office coordinated the activities, services and programs of the local defense councils, but this system placed responsibility for civilian defense in the hands of local public officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo major divisions of the Office of Civilian Defense were Civilian Protection and Civilian Mobilization for War Services.  Civilian Protection activities were carried out by U.S. Citizens Defense Corps and included Air Raid Wardens and Shelters, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Blackout testing, Decontamination Squads, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing Services, Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Welfare Services, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Gas Program, Plant Protection, Road Repair Crews, and the State Evacuation Authority.  Civilian Mobilization for War Services was carried out by the U.S. Citizens Service Corps, which led efforts to keep the homefront strong in areas including Child Care, Consumer Programs, Health and Hospital Services, Housing Services, Library Services, Nutrition Services, Recreation and Youth Group Services, Salvage Programs, and War Bonds and Stamps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith the defeat of Germany and Japan in 1945 the need for the office came to an end.  On November 19, 1945, Governor Darden issued an executive order abolishing the office effective January 1, 1946.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Governor James H. Price created the Virginia Defense Council in May 1940 by Executive Order to aid the National Defense Council by mobilizing the State's resources so that Virginia could effectively organize for protection in the event of an attack on American soil.  Colonel Mills F. Neal was appointed the first Coordinator, though he resigned in November of 1940 and was replaced by Brigadier General James A. Anderson.  J.H. Wyze was appointed Assistant Coordinator in January 1941.  Governor Price originially appointed ten members to the Council, though this number was later raised to sixteen members. The members of the Council represented activities across the state, including industry, labor, welfare, recreation, agriculture, transportation, education and the military.  The State was divided into eight Regional Defense Councils (Fredericksburg, Hampton Roads, Northern Virginia. Radford, Richmond-Petersburg-Hopewell, Shenandoah Valley, Southern Piedmont and Southwest Virginia) to assist in coordinating and managing defense activities across the state.  The Council and regional councils were advisory and had no administration authority.  The Virginia Defense Council established the Virginia Protective Force to take the place of the National Guard, which had been inducted into the Army; the Aircraft Warning Service; the Air Raid Warning System, with Warning and Control Centers; and Emergency Medical Services, which conducted surveys of medical facilities and personnel to assist in planning for medical services in case of emergency.  The Council and regional offices also organized auxilliary police and firemen, home nursing and nutrition classes, and resource conservation activities, and established Recreation Committees to support visiting soldiers.  Gen. Anderson resigned in August of 1941 and J. H. Wyze was appointed Acting Coordinator, and served in that capacity until the Virginia Defense Council was automatically dissolved on January 20, 1942, when Governor Price left office, though the Council remained active during an interim period between January 21-February 11, 1942.","The Virginia Office of Civilian Defense was established by an Act of the General Assembly (Chap. 10, Acts of 1942, House Bill 209), on February 11, 1942. Governor Colgate Darden, Jr., appointed J. H. Wyse as State Coordinator with authority to administer Civilian Defense programs at the state level and to organize and direct local defense councils.  Rather than organize under the old regional system, the Office of Civilian Defense established local defense councils in counties, cities and incorporated towns throughout the state, with the mayor or chief executive officer as the director of the local council.  The Office coordinated the activities, services and programs of the local defense councils, but this system placed responsibility for civilian defense in the hands of local public officials.","Two major divisions of the Office of Civilian Defense were Civilian Protection and Civilian Mobilization for War Services.  Civilian Protection activities were carried out by U.S. Citizens Defense Corps and included Air Raid Wardens and Shelters, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Blackout testing, Decontamination Squads, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing Services, Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Welfare Services, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Gas Program, Plant Protection, Road Repair Crews, and the State Evacuation Authority.  Civilian Mobilization for War Services was carried out by the U.S. Citizens Service Corps, which led efforts to keep the homefront strong in areas including Child Care, Consumer Programs, Health and Hospital Services, Housing Services, Library Services, Nutrition Services, Recreation and Youth Group Services, Salvage Programs, and War Bonds and Stamps.","With the defeat of Germany and Japan in 1945 the need for the office came to an end.  On November 19, 1945, Governor Darden issued an executive order abolishing the office effective January 1, 1946."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, 1939-1947 (bulk 1942-1944). Accession 22499, State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, 1939-1947 (bulk 1942-1944). Accession 22499, State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal folder titles have been retained.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Original folder titles have been retained.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the activities of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (1942-1945), and also includes some records from the Virginia Defense Council (1940-1942), and the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council (1941 Dec-1942).  Virginia Office of Civilian Defense records include series for Correspondence, Subject files, Civilian Mobilization, Civilian Protection, State Child Care Committee, Emergency Medical Service, Evacuation Authority, Coordinator fo Negro Civilian Defense Activities, Transmissions and Directives, Financial and Personnel records, History files, Photographs, Posters and Published Materials.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 29 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by surname of correspondent or by company name.  These files consist of copies of the outgoing correspondence of the Director of the Office of Civilian Defense, J. H. Wyse, as well as correspondence from Wyse by others in the office, including J. Linwood Rice (Assistant to the Coordinator), Mary V. Marks (Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization), James F. Nicholas (Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities), and John Howard (Chief Air Raid Precautions, State Plant Coordinator), among others.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives and state and federal officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 65 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of locality, with counties, cities and towns being filed together in one sequence.  These files consist of incoming correspondence from localities, copies of the outgoing correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense, reports and may contain other types of attachments, including agendas, forms, meeting summaries, memoranda, newspaper clippings, press releases, publications.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Most of the copies of outgoing correspondence can also be found in Series I. Correspondence. Outgoing correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives, but may also include correspondence with state government and federal government officials. The locality correspondence files are also further sub-divided into categories for General correspondence, Civilian Mobilization correspondence, and Civilian Protection correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the the correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense comes from J. H. Wyse, Coordinator; John J. Howard, Director of Air Raid Precautions and State Plant Protection Officer; Mary Marks, Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization; and James F. Nicholas, Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral correspondence topics may include administrative activities, African American participation, appointments, compensation, conferences, field visits, insignia, meetings, organization, personnel, publications, publicity, Red Cross, service awards, and speaking engagements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilian Mobilization correspondence topics may include appointments, block plans, car sharing,  child care, Citizen Service Corps, conservation of critical resources, education, field visits, food preservation, Invasion Day, Junior Citizen Service Corps, nutrition, Office of Price Administration, organization summaries and charts, rationing (food, mileage, point), recreation, salvage, training, victory gardens, war bonds, and the War Fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilian Protection correspondence topics may include air raid precautions(blackouts, dim outs, equipment, signals, warning districts and warning systems), auxiliary services (fire, police, emergency medical), bomb reconnaissance, civilian protection reporting, federal equipment (borrowing, leasing, using), gas specialists, pennants, plant protection and security programs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Defense Act required that local councils of defense be established in each county, city and town in the state and provided that the mayor or chief executive of cities would be named director of the local defense council, and that county boards of supervisors would appoint the director-coordinator of each county defense council.  163 local defense councils in 100 counties, 24 cities, and 39 incorporated towns, covering the entire state were organized.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 66 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  The subject files include correspondence, publications, and reports on a variety of topics related to civilian defense in general, and specifically to the operation of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  Topics cover all aspects of civilian defense and include aircraft and air raid warning, blackouts, civilian defense, civilian mobilization, community organizations, directives, federal equipment, industry, insignia, medical services, procedures, publications, reporting, salvage, state and federal government, supplies, and transportation. The majority of the correspondence in this series are copies, with the original incoming correspondence located the correspondence series (Series I).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 16 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, newsletters, publications and reports. Topics that fall under Civilian Mobilization include agriculture, block leaders, child care, consumer interests, education, food preservation, health services, home demonstration, Junior Citizens Service Corps, nutrition, rationing, recreation and services for servicemen, recreation and youth group services, salvage, victory gardens, and war bonds and stamps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilian Mobilization for War Services was organized to promote strong communities to back up military operations and morale.  The state office served as a coordination point for information and , planning and Mary V. Marks served as Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization from July 1942 to October 1944.  Local Chiefs of Civilian Mobilization were named in each locality to work with the state office and existing public and private agencies and other organizations within the community to meet local needs.  The U.S. Citizens Service Corps was organized to keep the home front strong by leading the fight against ineffiency, insecurity and poor health within the community. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civilian Protection series is housed in 18 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic or locality.  The series includes sub-series for Correspondence and subject files, 1942-1945, and Civilian Defense Reports, 1942-1944. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Citizens Defense Corps was established in each local defense council with different units organized for the protection of life and property in the locality.  Some of these units included Air Raid Wardens, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Messengers, Decontamination Squads, Demolition and Clearance Crews, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing, Resuce Squads, Utility Repair Squads, and Road Repair Crews.  The Emergency Welfare Service was established in Feb 1943 to direct and supervise emergency welfare services of local defense councils, including emergency housing and feeding in the event of attack or other disaster.  Dr. William H. Stauffer of the State Dept. of Welfare was appointed State Chief of Emergency Welfare Services and superintendents were named in local target areas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and subject files, 1942-1945, are housed in 16 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, bulletins, communications, conference materials, invitations, lists, memoranda, minutes, newsletters, newspaper clippings, presentations, programs, publications and reports.  Topics may include aircraft warning service, air raid shelters, blackouts, chemical warfare, control centers, dimouts, emergency preparedness, federal equipment loaned, fire protection, plant protection, protection mobilization, security, and warning centers.  \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilian Protection Reports, 1942-1944, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  The pre-printed report forms (OCD Form 1) document numbers of defense staff, and numberd of volunteers in defense and service corps, and and also report on the status of protection plans and preparations (air raid warning systems, blackout systems, and control centers).  This series of reports is not complete.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 6 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, publications and reports.  Some publications in the series pre-date 1942, but were collected after 1942.  Topics may include, but are not limited to: child care (facilities, training, operation), child welfare during wartime, counseling, day care and nursery schools for children of working mothers, extended school services, federal funds, surveys, and workshops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe State Child Care Committee was organized under the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense to stimulate interest and understanding of child care needs in Virginia; to assist localities in planning a comprehensive program of services for the care of children; and to foster and promote the coordination of efforts among public and private agencies dealing with child care, particularly in those areas in which the needs have grown as a result of the increased employment of women.  The establishment of a state child care committee was a prerequisite to obtaining federal funds to care for the children of employed mothers.  The committee was tasked with determining the needs for child care; reviewing and passing local plans concerned with child care where federal funds were used from the the President's Emergency Fund; assisting in the organization of local child care committees under the local defense councils; serving as a clearinghouse for information on child care throughout the state, and interpreting and disseminating this information; and preparing plans and suggestions to promote the proper use of existing facilities to meet the increasing demand of proper child care for children during war time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembers of the State Child Care Committee included: R.N. Anderson, State Dept. of Education; May O. Hankins, Children's Bureua of the the Dept. of Public Welfare; Dr. Lorin A. Thompson, State Planning Board; John Hopkins Hall, Labor Commissioner; Dr. A. L. Carson, Jr., Dept. of Health; Maude Wallace, VPI Extension Service; Frank A. Cavedo, U.S. Employment Office; and Mary V. Marks, State Office of Civilian Defense and Supervisor for Civilian Mobilization.  Etta Rose Bailey, State Board of Education, served as the Executive Officer of the Committee.  Others who were highly involved with the Committee include: M. Frances Cromwell, State Supervisor of Extended School Services; Ruth Henderson, Supervisor of Elementary Education for the State Board of Education; and Dr. Dabney s. Lancaster, Superintendent of Public Instruction for the State Board of Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 12 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for general correspondence, correspondence with localities, and subject files.   The majority of the correspondence is with Edgar C. Harper, MD, Deputy Chief of Emergency Medical Services, and Sarah R. Radcliffe, RN, Nurse Deputy of Emergency Medical Services and local civilian defense councils.  These files may include incoming and outgoing correspondence, bulletins, circulars, forms, incident reports, instructions, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, notices, oaths, orders, plans, publications, questionnaires/surveys and reports.  Topics include but are not limited to: Affiliated Hospital Units, appointments (Emergency Medical Officers and local Nurse Deputies), Army hotel hospitals, blood plasma, chemical warfare, emergency base hospitals, equipment and supplies, establishment of local units, evacuation of casualties, federal government, home nursing, hospitalization, medical field units, meetings, nursing aides, organization of EMS and nurse services, policies and procedures, recruitment of staff, and transportation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmergency Medical Services (EMS) was responsible for the organization and training of local emergency medical personnel, preparation of hospital facilities for providing medical services to casualties that may result from bombing or sabotage, evacuation of casualties, supplying blood plasma and other medical supplies and equipment, setting up emergency base hospitals, and furnishing medical teams to areas in distress.  EMS was also responsible for the preparation of plans designed to prevent or alleviate any medical or public health hazards to which the civilian population may be exposed, and acted as liaison with federal agencies concerned with public health and medical care.  EMS was led by Dr. I.C. Riggin, Chief Emergency Medical Services, Deputy Director E.C. Harper, Hospital Officer M.H. Coleman, and State Nurse Deputy Sarah R. Radcliffe, who assisted in providing nursing services for emergencies.  Local EMS plans consisted of field casualty service, casualty receiving hospitals, ambulance transport, and emergency base hospitals to receive patients transferred from casualty receiving hospitals.  Local Chiefs of Emergency Medical Services were appointed in localities and Emergency Medical Field Units organized personnel, transportation, medical and surgical equipment, casualty stations and first aid posts, decontamination stations, and rescue squads and stretcher teams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence files, 1942-1944, consist of 2 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 5 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence.  Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject files, 1942-1944, consist of 9 boxes and are arragned alphabetically by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis State Evacuation Authority series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for subject files, locality files, correspondence, and evacuation facility files. These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, forms, meeting records, maps, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, plans, publications and reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe State Evacuation Authority was created by Civlian Defense Executive Order No. 88 on August 12, 1942, to cooperate with national regional evacuation authorities and to establish evacuation programs in the state in the event of bombings or other disasters.  The Authority was charged with making surveys and plans and setting up area or local evacuation authorities in order to expedite the evacuation of the civilian population in case of attack or other emergency.  Concerns during an emergency evacuation including housing, medical assitance, and food for evacuees.  The Authority was also charged with cooperating with the federal government and act on their behalf in the expenditure of federal funds.  Members included Chairman, J. H. Wyse, State Office of Civilian Defense; Hon. Gordon B. Ambler, Director, Richmond Office of Civilian Defense; Brig. Gen. James A. Anderson, State Highway Commissioner; Dabney S. Lancaster, State Superintendent of Public Instruction; William L. Leap, General Field Representative, Eastern Area, American Red Cross; Raymond B. Long, Director, State Planning Board; Dr. William H. Stauffer, State Commissioner of Public Welfare; L. M. Walker, Jr., State Commissioner of Agriculture; Maude Wallace, Assistant Director, V.P.I. Extension Service; Brig. Gen. S. Gardner Waller, Adjutant General of Virginia and Major C. W. Woodson, Superintendent, Virginia State Police. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject files, 1942-1943, are housed in 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Includes of correspondence, maps, meeting records, minutes, plans, publications, and reports.  Topics include evacuation planning and logistics, area evacuation authorities, evacuation authorities in other states, housing, and meetings.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLocality files, 1943, consist of 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  Includes correspondence of Julian Brooks, Exective Officer of the Virginia Evacuation Authority, both incoming and copies of outgoing correspondence with local civilian defense councils. May also include a few publications, ephemera, maps, and proclamations.  Topics include facilities for evacuees, housing surveys, meeting planning and notes, organization of local evacuation committees, and various topics of local interest. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1942-1944, is housed in 1 box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent.  Correspondence is between Julian Brooks and Virginia Evacuation Authority members or other evacuation officials, and covers topics such as meetings, evacuation planning and organization, and publication distribution.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Evacuation Facilities files, 1943, are house in 1 box and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  These files include correspondence, data and survey forms, maps and reports.  The majority of the correspondence is between Julian Brooks and local officals.  Data forms include information about a locality, including names of civilian defense officials, population, names of local government officials, and meeting notes.  American Red Cross survey forms of local chapter resources include address, population served, names of committee chairmen, and specific information about the Disaster Committee, and food, shelter, clothing, transportation and medicial aid organization, and personnel analysis.  Reports contain information about localities and facility capacity.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Negro Civilian Defense Activities series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for correspondence with localities, and correspondence and subject files. These files were maintained by Coordinator James F. Nicholas and include incoming and outgoing correspondence, meeting and conference notes, memoranda, news clippings, publications and reports.  Topics include local representatives (appointments, recommendations, resignations), programming, reporting, training, meetings and prospective visits, and issues of local interest. Original folder titles have been retained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpecial interest items include: Program and Proceedings of the 38th Annual Session Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1942, and Program of the 39th Annual Gathering of The Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 16); Program of the 66th Annual Celebration of the Emancipation of the Colored People in the USA (Emancipation Proclamation Association), Tappahannock, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 23); Pamphlet - Fairfax County Colored Citizens Assocaition, 1941 (Box 212, Folder 24); Program - Tenth Annual Commencement Exercises of the Medical College of Virginia, St. Philip School of Nursing, 1944 (Box 215, Folder 13); Pamphlet - The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Dedication of Service Flag, Manassas Industrial School, 1943 (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Thirtieth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society of Virginia, Chatham, 1942 (Box 215, Folder 15); Silver Jubilee Program of the Twenty-fifth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society, Charlotte Court House, 1937 (Box 215, Folder 15); and Pamphlet - Negro Organization Society, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 15).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames F. Nicholas was appointed Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities in June of 1942 and tasked with coordinating African American participation in protective and war service activities.  He worked with local defense councils to secure African American represenation and to increase volunteer involvement in local war time endeavors.  He also worked closely with the Racial Relations Advisor of the Third Civilian Defense Region.  Nicholas resigned in August 1944 to take a position at Virginia State College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 3 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence. Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and subject files, 1941-1944, consists of 4 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence, lists, newsletters, reports, transmissions from the U.S. Office of Civilian Defense (bulletins, digest, notices, operations letters, orders) and the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (correspondence, instructions, memoranda, publications, reports), topical files, and reports. Arranged alphabetically. Some items may pre-date 1942, but all files were created 1942-1944.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives series is housed in 8 boxes and consists of official communications sent out by the VAOCD.  Includes bulletins, exectuive orders, informational memoranda, memoranda, operations letters and transmittal letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBulletins, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and include communications sent by J. H. Wyze, State Coordinator.  The majority of the bulletins are addressed to local defense coordinators.  Arranged in bulletin number order. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive orders, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and are arranged by order number. The executive orders are signed by Governor Colgate W. Darden, with the majority of the orders issued in 1942.  Topics include the establishment of local defense councils and metropolitan areas, air raids, blackouts, dimouts and evacuation authority. Executive order No. 91 has not been located.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformational memoranda, 1942-1945, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged by memoranda number. The informational memoranda are from J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, or his designee, and are mainly directed towards executive officers, local directors and coordinators, and local government officials.  Several memoranda are missing from this sequence.  Also includes a chronological list of informational memoranda (1 v.)\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged chronologically. The memoranda are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors.  Some memoranda include referenced attachments.  It is not known why these particular memoranda were separated out and filed together as a series by the Office of Civilian Defense, as many other memoranda were also sent.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOperations procedures, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in procedure number order. The operation procedures are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These procedures include information on general operations and regulations, and any changes to those.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmittal letters, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in letter number order. The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These directives are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Some letters include referenced attachments.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmittal memoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in memoranda number order. Only includes No. 16-20.  The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These memoranda are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Referenced attachments are not included.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives (USOCD) series is housed in 4 boxes and consists of official communications issued by the USOCD.  Includes administrative orders, bulletins, circulars, notices and opertions letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdministrative orders, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged in amendment number order.  The following administrative orders are not included in this series: 7, 8, 10, 17, 22, 28, 35, 36 and 37. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBulletins, 1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of bulletin, and by bulletin number thereunder.  Includes general, protection and war services bulletins.  Incomplete series.  Bulletins replaced operations letters nad circulars  on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCirculars, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of circular, and by circular number thereunder.  Includes general, medical, mobilization, protection and war service series of circulars.  Incomplete series.  Circulars were replaced by bulletins on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManual, 1943, consists 1 compiled volume and includes circulars, memoranda, regulations, instructions and forms related to federal equipment and the duties of property officers.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotices, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged chronologically.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOperations letters, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged numerically by letter number.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinancial records, 1942-1946, are housed in 2 boxes and document fiscal matters related to the Office of Civilian Defense, including appropriations, budgeting and expeditures.  Includes allotments, budgets, correspondence, instructions, ledgers, memoranda, published material and reports. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonnel records, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically.  These records document personnel and compensation responsibilites of the Office of Civilian Defense, including hiring, payroll, salaries and benefits, and resignations.  Includes applications, correspondence, forms, memoranda, procedures, publicationas, reports, rules, and regulations. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistory files are housed in 3 boxes and provide a chronology and narrative account of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  This series includes A Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, and the multi-part Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, which is divided into nine books and also includes draft files.  The history is divided into three distinct periods: Period I, May 30, 1940-Jan 20 1942 (Virginia Defense Council); Period II, Jan 21-Feb 11, 1942 (Interim period); and Period III, Feb 11, 1942-June 30, 1943 (Virginia Office of Civilian Defense).  The history files cover organization, membership and staff of the Virginia Defense Council and Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and provide detailed summaries of activities and services.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, was compiled by Virginia Office of Civilian Defense staff and covers Period I, Period II, and the beginning of Period III. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 1 (p.1-129) covers Period I and includes chapters on Organization and Activities; Period II; and Period III, which includes chapters on Organization, U.S. Citizens Defense Corps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 2 (p. 130-209) covers Period III and includes chapters on Other Activities, Air Raid Precautions, and State Control Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 3 (p. 210-367) covers Period III and includes Governor Darden's Executive Orders related to civilian defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 4 (p. 368-443) covers Period III, specifically Section II. Civilian Mobilization, and includes chapters on Civilian Mobilization and Negro Activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 5 (p. 444-602) covers Period III and includes Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 6 (p. 603-649) covers Period III and includes Miscellaneous topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 7 (p. 650-772) covers Period III and includes Related Activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 8 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes Information Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, No. 86 (July 3, 1942) to No. 242 (July 8, 1944).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 9 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes memoranda, bulletins, transmittal letters, and operations procedures issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs, 1940-1945, are housed in 1 box and appear to be photographs that were used in the Civilian Defense newsletters.  When identified by individual, topic or poster title, photographs are in alphabetical order within each type, with miscellaneous, unidentified photographs being grouped together in the last folder. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePosters, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Includes posters, broadsides, and advertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished materials include books, brochures, bulletins, journals, newsletters, pamphelts, reprints of articles, and other publications.  These materials were boxes separately from the rest of the collection and other published materials can be found throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochures and pamphlets, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged alphabetically. Includes educational and promotional brochures and pamphlets, as well as advertisements, recipe booklets and small informational broadsides.  These items were found loose at the end of the collection, but these types of materials are also found throughout the collection, especialy in the various subject files series.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewsletters and journals, 1942-1944, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. This collection of bulletins, journals, and newsletters was found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include articles of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other periodicals can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublications, 1939-1947, are housed in 8 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. These publications were found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include publications of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other publications can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScrapbooks, 1940-1945, are housed in 5 boxes and are arranged chronologically. These scrapbooks were maintained by the Virginia Defense Council and later the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and contain newspaper clippings of articles related to civilian defense activities from various newspapers throughout the state.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in X boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, subject files, and minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence files, 1940, consist of 1 box and include both incoming and outgoing correspondence of various Virginia Defense Council members, including Mills F. Neal, Coordinator of the Virginia Defense Council.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence files, 1940 Dec-1941 Dec, consist of 3 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence from General James A. Anderson, Coordinator; and J. H. Wyse, Assistant Coordinator, and later Acting Coordinator.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Regional Defense Councils, 1941-1942, is housed in 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of defense council. Includes incoming and outgoing correspondence of J. H. Wyse, Acting Coordinator (later Coordinator of the Virginia Office Office of Civilian Defense), as well as memoranda and reports. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemoranda, 1940-1942, are housed in 1 box and are arranged numerically by memoranda numer. Includes memoranda from the Virginia Defense Council Coordinator to all Virginia Defense Council members.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMinutes, 1940-1942, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged chronologically. Includes one volume of official minutes with attachements, and loose materials that include copies of minutes, drafts, memoranda, reports, agendas and newspaper clippings.  Includes minutes for the full Virginia Defense Council, as well as the Executive Committee.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject files, 1940-1941, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Files were kept separately for 1940 and for 1941 and that arrangement is reflected in this series.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 10 boxes and sub-series are arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, correspondence with local councils, and subject files.  These files were kept by Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary of the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, between 1941 Dec and mid-1942, and appear to have been forwarded to Office of Civilian Defense.  The reason for this is unclear, as no other records kept by Region Defense Councils were found in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence files, 1941-1942, consists of 4 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence of Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary with local, state, and federal officials, as well as Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council members and local area coordinators.  Topics include appointments, blackout ordinances, defense bonds and stamps, logistics, meetings, rationing, reporting, transition to new local defense council model, and other topics of local interest.  Files may also include reports and publications.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with local councils, 1941-1942, consists of 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by local defense council.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence between Thomas P. Shelburne, Executive Secretary, and local defense council coordinators.  The majority of the correspondence is related to administrative and logistical matters.  May slso include membership lists, organization charts, plans, precinct information, reports, and checklists for coordinators, which include detailed information about each local council.  Folder titles include the county, local area council and coordinator.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject files, 1941-1942, consist of 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically.  These topical files include correspondence, lists, memoranda, minutes, publications, and reports.  Topics include civilian protection, coordination of local councils, health, rationing and salvage, among others. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are 5 oversize boxes that consist of larger size materials pulled from throughout the collection.  Separation notices in collection will point to the correct oversize box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the activities of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (1942-1945), and also includes some records from the Virginia Defense Council (1940-1942), and the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council (1941 Dec-1942).  Virginia Office of Civilian Defense records include series for Correspondence, Subject files, Civilian Mobilization, Civilian Protection, State Child Care Committee, Emergency Medical Service, Evacuation Authority, Coordinator fo Negro Civilian Defense Activities, Transmissions and Directives, Financial and Personnel records, History files, Photographs, Posters and Published Materials.\n","This series is housed in 29 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by surname of correspondent or by company name.  These files consist of copies of the outgoing correspondence of the Director of the Office of Civilian Defense, J. H. Wyse, as well as correspondence from Wyse by others in the office, including J. Linwood Rice (Assistant to the Coordinator), Mary V. Marks (Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization), James F. Nicholas (Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities), and John Howard (Chief Air Raid Precautions, State Plant Coordinator), among others.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives and state and federal officials.","This series is housed in 65 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of locality, with counties, cities and towns being filed together in one sequence.  These files consist of incoming correspondence from localities, copies of the outgoing correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense, reports and may contain other types of attachments, including agendas, forms, meeting summaries, memoranda, newspaper clippings, press releases, publications.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Most of the copies of outgoing correspondence can also be found in Series I. Correspondence. Outgoing correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives, but may also include correspondence with state government and federal government officials. The locality correspondence files are also further sub-divided into categories for General correspondence, Civilian Mobilization correspondence, and Civilian Protection correspondence.","The majority of the the correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense comes from J. H. Wyse, Coordinator; John J. Howard, Director of Air Raid Precautions and State Plant Protection Officer; Mary Marks, Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization; and James F. Nicholas, Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities.","General correspondence topics may include administrative activities, African American participation, appointments, compensation, conferences, field visits, insignia, meetings, organization, personnel, publications, publicity, Red Cross, service awards, and speaking engagements.","Civilian Mobilization correspondence topics may include appointments, block plans, car sharing,  child care, Citizen Service Corps, conservation of critical resources, education, field visits, food preservation, Invasion Day, Junior Citizen Service Corps, nutrition, Office of Price Administration, organization summaries and charts, rationing (food, mileage, point), recreation, salvage, training, victory gardens, war bonds, and the War Fund.","Civilian Protection correspondence topics may include air raid precautions(blackouts, dim outs, equipment, signals, warning districts and warning systems), auxiliary services (fire, police, emergency medical), bomb reconnaissance, civilian protection reporting, federal equipment (borrowing, leasing, using), gas specialists, pennants, plant protection and security programs.","The Defense Act required that local councils of defense be established in each county, city and town in the state and provided that the mayor or chief executive of cities would be named director of the local defense council, and that county boards of supervisors would appoint the director-coordinator of each county defense council.  163 local defense councils in 100 counties, 24 cities, and 39 incorporated towns, covering the entire state were organized.","This series is housed in 66 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  The subject files include correspondence, publications, and reports on a variety of topics related to civilian defense in general, and specifically to the operation of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  Topics cover all aspects of civilian defense and include aircraft and air raid warning, blackouts, civilian defense, civilian mobilization, community organizations, directives, federal equipment, industry, insignia, medical services, procedures, publications, reporting, salvage, state and federal government, supplies, and transportation. The majority of the correspondence in this series are copies, with the original incoming correspondence located the correspondence series (Series I).","This series is housed in 16 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, newsletters, publications and reports. Topics that fall under Civilian Mobilization include agriculture, block leaders, child care, consumer interests, education, food preservation, health services, home demonstration, Junior Citizens Service Corps, nutrition, rationing, recreation and services for servicemen, recreation and youth group services, salvage, victory gardens, and war bonds and stamps.","Civilian Mobilization for War Services was organized to promote strong communities to back up military operations and morale.  The state office served as a coordination point for information and , planning and Mary V. Marks served as Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization from July 1942 to October 1944.  Local Chiefs of Civilian Mobilization were named in each locality to work with the state office and existing public and private agencies and other organizations within the community to meet local needs.  The U.S. Citizens Service Corps was organized to keep the home front strong by leading the fight against ineffiency, insecurity and poor health within the community. ","The Civilian Protection series is housed in 18 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic or locality.  The series includes sub-series for Correspondence and subject files, 1942-1945, and Civilian Defense Reports, 1942-1944. ","The U.S. Citizens Defense Corps was established in each local defense council with different units organized for the protection of life and property in the locality.  Some of these units included Air Raid Wardens, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Messengers, Decontamination Squads, Demolition and Clearance Crews, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing, Resuce Squads, Utility Repair Squads, and Road Repair Crews.  The Emergency Welfare Service was established in Feb 1943 to direct and supervise emergency welfare services of local defense councils, including emergency housing and feeding in the event of attack or other disaster.  Dr. William H. Stauffer of the State Dept. of Welfare was appointed State Chief of Emergency Welfare Services and superintendents were named in local target areas.","Correspondence and subject files, 1942-1945, are housed in 16 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, bulletins, communications, conference materials, invitations, lists, memoranda, minutes, newsletters, newspaper clippings, presentations, programs, publications and reports.  Topics may include aircraft warning service, air raid shelters, blackouts, chemical warfare, control centers, dimouts, emergency preparedness, federal equipment loaned, fire protection, plant protection, protection mobilization, security, and warning centers.  \n\t\t","Civilian Protection Reports, 1942-1944, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  The pre-printed report forms (OCD Form 1) document numbers of defense staff, and numberd of volunteers in defense and service corps, and and also report on the status of protection plans and preparations (air raid warning systems, blackout systems, and control centers).  This series of reports is not complete.\n\t\t","This series is housed in 6 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, publications and reports.  Some publications in the series pre-date 1942, but were collected after 1942.  Topics may include, but are not limited to: child care (facilities, training, operation), child welfare during wartime, counseling, day care and nursery schools for children of working mothers, extended school services, federal funds, surveys, and workshops.","The State Child Care Committee was organized under the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense to stimulate interest and understanding of child care needs in Virginia; to assist localities in planning a comprehensive program of services for the care of children; and to foster and promote the coordination of efforts among public and private agencies dealing with child care, particularly in those areas in which the needs have grown as a result of the increased employment of women.  The establishment of a state child care committee was a prerequisite to obtaining federal funds to care for the children of employed mothers.  The committee was tasked with determining the needs for child care; reviewing and passing local plans concerned with child care where federal funds were used from the the President's Emergency Fund; assisting in the organization of local child care committees under the local defense councils; serving as a clearinghouse for information on child care throughout the state, and interpreting and disseminating this information; and preparing plans and suggestions to promote the proper use of existing facilities to meet the increasing demand of proper child care for children during war time.","Members of the State Child Care Committee included: R.N. Anderson, State Dept. of Education; May O. Hankins, Children's Bureua of the the Dept. of Public Welfare; Dr. Lorin A. Thompson, State Planning Board; John Hopkins Hall, Labor Commissioner; Dr. A. L. Carson, Jr., Dept. of Health; Maude Wallace, VPI Extension Service; Frank A. Cavedo, U.S. Employment Office; and Mary V. Marks, State Office of Civilian Defense and Supervisor for Civilian Mobilization.  Etta Rose Bailey, State Board of Education, served as the Executive Officer of the Committee.  Others who were highly involved with the Committee include: M. Frances Cromwell, State Supervisor of Extended School Services; Ruth Henderson, Supervisor of Elementary Education for the State Board of Education; and Dr. Dabney s. Lancaster, Superintendent of Public Instruction for the State Board of Education.","This series is housed in 12 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for general correspondence, correspondence with localities, and subject files.   The majority of the correspondence is with Edgar C. Harper, MD, Deputy Chief of Emergency Medical Services, and Sarah R. Radcliffe, RN, Nurse Deputy of Emergency Medical Services and local civilian defense councils.  These files may include incoming and outgoing correspondence, bulletins, circulars, forms, incident reports, instructions, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, notices, oaths, orders, plans, publications, questionnaires/surveys and reports.  Topics include but are not limited to: Affiliated Hospital Units, appointments (Emergency Medical Officers and local Nurse Deputies), Army hotel hospitals, blood plasma, chemical warfare, emergency base hospitals, equipment and supplies, establishment of local units, evacuation of casualties, federal government, home nursing, hospitalization, medical field units, meetings, nursing aides, organization of EMS and nurse services, policies and procedures, recruitment of staff, and transportation.","Emergency Medical Services (EMS) was responsible for the organization and training of local emergency medical personnel, preparation of hospital facilities for providing medical services to casualties that may result from bombing or sabotage, evacuation of casualties, supplying blood plasma and other medical supplies and equipment, setting up emergency base hospitals, and furnishing medical teams to areas in distress.  EMS was also responsible for the preparation of plans designed to prevent or alleviate any medical or public health hazards to which the civilian population may be exposed, and acted as liaison with federal agencies concerned with public health and medical care.  EMS was led by Dr. I.C. Riggin, Chief Emergency Medical Services, Deputy Director E.C. Harper, Hospital Officer M.H. Coleman, and State Nurse Deputy Sarah R. Radcliffe, who assisted in providing nursing services for emergencies.  Local EMS plans consisted of field casualty service, casualty receiving hospitals, ambulance transport, and emergency base hospitals to receive patients transferred from casualty receiving hospitals.  Local Chiefs of Emergency Medical Services were appointed in localities and Emergency Medical Field Units organized personnel, transportation, medical and surgical equipment, casualty stations and first aid posts, decontamination stations, and rescue squads and stretcher teams.","Correspondence files, 1942-1944, consist of 2 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t","Correspondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 5 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence.  Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically.","Subject files, 1942-1944, consist of 9 boxes and are arragned alphabetically by topic.","This State Evacuation Authority series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for subject files, locality files, correspondence, and evacuation facility files. These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, forms, meeting records, maps, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, plans, publications and reports.","The State Evacuation Authority was created by Civlian Defense Executive Order No. 88 on August 12, 1942, to cooperate with national regional evacuation authorities and to establish evacuation programs in the state in the event of bombings or other disasters.  The Authority was charged with making surveys and plans and setting up area or local evacuation authorities in order to expedite the evacuation of the civilian population in case of attack or other emergency.  Concerns during an emergency evacuation including housing, medical assitance, and food for evacuees.  The Authority was also charged with cooperating with the federal government and act on their behalf in the expenditure of federal funds.  Members included Chairman, J. H. Wyse, State Office of Civilian Defense; Hon. Gordon B. Ambler, Director, Richmond Office of Civilian Defense; Brig. Gen. James A. Anderson, State Highway Commissioner; Dabney S. Lancaster, State Superintendent of Public Instruction; William L. Leap, General Field Representative, Eastern Area, American Red Cross; Raymond B. Long, Director, State Planning Board; Dr. William H. Stauffer, State Commissioner of Public Welfare; L. M. Walker, Jr., State Commissioner of Agriculture; Maude Wallace, Assistant Director, V.P.I. Extension Service; Brig. Gen. S. Gardner Waller, Adjutant General of Virginia and Major C. W. Woodson, Superintendent, Virginia State Police. ","Subject files, 1942-1943, are housed in 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Includes of correspondence, maps, meeting records, minutes, plans, publications, and reports.  Topics include evacuation planning and logistics, area evacuation authorities, evacuation authorities in other states, housing, and meetings.\n\t\t","Locality files, 1943, consist of 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  Includes correspondence of Julian Brooks, Exective Officer of the Virginia Evacuation Authority, both incoming and copies of outgoing correspondence with local civilian defense councils. May also include a few publications, ephemera, maps, and proclamations.  Topics include facilities for evacuees, housing surveys, meeting planning and notes, organization of local evacuation committees, and various topics of local interest. \n\t\t","Correspondence, 1942-1944, is housed in 1 box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent.  Correspondence is between Julian Brooks and Virginia Evacuation Authority members or other evacuation officials, and covers topics such as meetings, evacuation planning and organization, and publication distribution.\n\t\t","The Evacuation Facilities files, 1943, are house in 1 box and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  These files include correspondence, data and survey forms, maps and reports.  The majority of the correspondence is between Julian Brooks and local officals.  Data forms include information about a locality, including names of civilian defense officials, population, names of local government officials, and meeting notes.  American Red Cross survey forms of local chapter resources include address, population served, names of committee chairmen, and specific information about the Disaster Committee, and food, shelter, clothing, transportation and medicial aid organization, and personnel analysis.  Reports contain information about localities and facility capacity.\n\t\t","The Negro Civilian Defense Activities series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for correspondence with localities, and correspondence and subject files. These files were maintained by Coordinator James F. Nicholas and include incoming and outgoing correspondence, meeting and conference notes, memoranda, news clippings, publications and reports.  Topics include local representatives (appointments, recommendations, resignations), programming, reporting, training, meetings and prospective visits, and issues of local interest. Original folder titles have been retained.","Special interest items include: Program and Proceedings of the 38th Annual Session Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1942, and Program of the 39th Annual Gathering of The Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 16); Program of the 66th Annual Celebration of the Emancipation of the Colored People in the USA (Emancipation Proclamation Association), Tappahannock, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 23); Pamphlet - Fairfax County Colored Citizens Assocaition, 1941 (Box 212, Folder 24); Program - Tenth Annual Commencement Exercises of the Medical College of Virginia, St. Philip School of Nursing, 1944 (Box 215, Folder 13); Pamphlet - The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Dedication of Service Flag, Manassas Industrial School, 1943 (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Thirtieth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society of Virginia, Chatham, 1942 (Box 215, Folder 15); Silver Jubilee Program of the Twenty-fifth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society, Charlotte Court House, 1937 (Box 215, Folder 15); and Pamphlet - Negro Organization Society, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 15).","James F. Nicholas was appointed Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities in June of 1942 and tasked with coordinating African American participation in protective and war service activities.  He worked with local defense councils to secure African American represenation and to increase volunteer involvement in local war time endeavors.  He also worked closely with the Racial Relations Advisor of the Third Civilian Defense Region.  Nicholas resigned in August 1944 to take a position at Virginia State College.","Correspondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 3 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence. Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically. \n\t\t","Correspondence and subject files, 1941-1944, consists of 4 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence, lists, newsletters, reports, transmissions from the U.S. Office of Civilian Defense (bulletins, digest, notices, operations letters, orders) and the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (correspondence, instructions, memoranda, publications, reports), topical files, and reports. Arranged alphabetically. Some items may pre-date 1942, but all files were created 1942-1944.\n\t\t","The Virginia Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives series is housed in 8 boxes and consists of official communications sent out by the VAOCD.  Includes bulletins, exectuive orders, informational memoranda, memoranda, operations letters and transmittal letters.","Bulletins, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and include communications sent by J. H. Wyze, State Coordinator.  The majority of the bulletins are addressed to local defense coordinators.  Arranged in bulletin number order. \n\t\t","Executive orders, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and are arranged by order number. The executive orders are signed by Governor Colgate W. Darden, with the majority of the orders issued in 1942.  Topics include the establishment of local defense councils and metropolitan areas, air raids, blackouts, dimouts and evacuation authority. Executive order No. 91 has not been located.\n\t\t","Informational memoranda, 1942-1945, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged by memoranda number. The informational memoranda are from J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, or his designee, and are mainly directed towards executive officers, local directors and coordinators, and local government officials.  Several memoranda are missing from this sequence.  Also includes a chronological list of informational memoranda (1 v.)\n\t\t","Memoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged chronologically. The memoranda are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors.  Some memoranda include referenced attachments.  It is not known why these particular memoranda were separated out and filed together as a series by the Office of Civilian Defense, as many other memoranda were also sent.\n\t\t","Operations procedures, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in procedure number order. The operation procedures are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These procedures include information on general operations and regulations, and any changes to those.\n\t\t","Transmittal letters, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in letter number order. The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These directives are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Some letters include referenced attachments.\n\t\t","Transmittal memoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in memoranda number order. Only includes No. 16-20.  The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These memoranda are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Referenced attachments are not included.\n\t\t","The U.S. Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives (USOCD) series is housed in 4 boxes and consists of official communications issued by the USOCD.  Includes administrative orders, bulletins, circulars, notices and opertions letters.","Administrative orders, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged in amendment number order.  The following administrative orders are not included in this series: 7, 8, 10, 17, 22, 28, 35, 36 and 37. \n\t\t","Bulletins, 1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of bulletin, and by bulletin number thereunder.  Includes general, protection and war services bulletins.  Incomplete series.  Bulletins replaced operations letters nad circulars  on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t","Circulars, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of circular, and by circular number thereunder.  Includes general, medical, mobilization, protection and war service series of circulars.  Incomplete series.  Circulars were replaced by bulletins on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t","Manual, 1943, consists 1 compiled volume and includes circulars, memoranda, regulations, instructions and forms related to federal equipment and the duties of property officers.\n\t\t","Notices, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged chronologically.\n\t\t","Operations letters, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged numerically by letter number.\n\t\t","Financial records, 1942-1946, are housed in 2 boxes and document fiscal matters related to the Office of Civilian Defense, including appropriations, budgeting and expeditures.  Includes allotments, budgets, correspondence, instructions, ledgers, memoranda, published material and reports. ","Personnel records, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically.  These records document personnel and compensation responsibilites of the Office of Civilian Defense, including hiring, payroll, salaries and benefits, and resignations.  Includes applications, correspondence, forms, memoranda, procedures, publicationas, reports, rules, and regulations. ","History files are housed in 3 boxes and provide a chronology and narrative account of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  This series includes A Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, and the multi-part Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, which is divided into nine books and also includes draft files.  The history is divided into three distinct periods: Period I, May 30, 1940-Jan 20 1942 (Virginia Defense Council); Period II, Jan 21-Feb 11, 1942 (Interim period); and Period III, Feb 11, 1942-June 30, 1943 (Virginia Office of Civilian Defense).  The history files cover organization, membership and staff of the Virginia Defense Council and Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and provide detailed summaries of activities and services.","A Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, was compiled by Virginia Office of Civilian Defense staff and covers Period I, Period II, and the beginning of Period III. ","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 1 (p.1-129) covers Period I and includes chapters on Organization and Activities; Period II; and Period III, which includes chapters on Organization, U.S. Citizens Defense Corps.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 2 (p. 130-209) covers Period III and includes chapters on Other Activities, Air Raid Precautions, and State Control Center.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 3 (p. 210-367) covers Period III and includes Governor Darden's Executive Orders related to civilian defense.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 4 (p. 368-443) covers Period III, specifically Section II. Civilian Mobilization, and includes chapters on Civilian Mobilization and Negro Activities.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 5 (p. 444-602) covers Period III and includes Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 6 (p. 603-649) covers Period III and includes Miscellaneous topics.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 7 (p. 650-772) covers Period III and includes Related Activities.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 8 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes Information Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, No. 86 (July 3, 1942) to No. 242 (July 8, 1944).","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 9 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes memoranda, bulletins, transmittal letters, and operations procedures issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.","Photographs, 1940-1945, are housed in 1 box and appear to be photographs that were used in the Civilian Defense newsletters.  When identified by individual, topic or poster title, photographs are in alphabetical order within each type, with miscellaneous, unidentified photographs being grouped together in the last folder. ","Posters, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Includes posters, broadsides, and advertisements.","Published materials include books, brochures, bulletins, journals, newsletters, pamphelts, reprints of articles, and other publications.  These materials were boxes separately from the rest of the collection and other published materials can be found throughout the collection.","Brochures and pamphlets, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged alphabetically. Includes educational and promotional brochures and pamphlets, as well as advertisements, recipe booklets and small informational broadsides.  These items were found loose at the end of the collection, but these types of materials are also found throughout the collection, especialy in the various subject files series.\n\t\t","Newsletters and journals, 1942-1944, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. This collection of bulletins, journals, and newsletters was found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include articles of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other periodicals can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t","Publications, 1939-1947, are housed in 8 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. These publications were found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include publications of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other publications can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t","Scrapbooks, 1940-1945, are housed in 5 boxes and are arranged chronologically. These scrapbooks were maintained by the Virginia Defense Council and later the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and contain newspaper clippings of articles related to civilian defense activities from various newspapers throughout the state.\n\t\t","This series is housed in X boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, subject files, and minutes.","Correspondence files, 1940, consist of 1 box and include both incoming and outgoing correspondence of various Virginia Defense Council members, including Mills F. Neal, Coordinator of the Virginia Defense Council.\n\t\t","Correspondence files, 1940 Dec-1941 Dec, consist of 3 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence from General James A. Anderson, Coordinator; and J. H. Wyse, Assistant Coordinator, and later Acting Coordinator.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t","Correspondence with Regional Defense Councils, 1941-1942, is housed in 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of defense council. Includes incoming and outgoing correspondence of J. H. Wyse, Acting Coordinator (later Coordinator of the Virginia Office Office of Civilian Defense), as well as memoranda and reports. \n\t\t","Memoranda, 1940-1942, are housed in 1 box and are arranged numerically by memoranda numer. Includes memoranda from the Virginia Defense Council Coordinator to all Virginia Defense Council members.\n\t\t","Minutes, 1940-1942, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged chronologically. Includes one volume of official minutes with attachements, and loose materials that include copies of minutes, drafts, memoranda, reports, agendas and newspaper clippings.  Includes minutes for the full Virginia Defense Council, as well as the Executive Committee.\n\t\t","Subject files, 1940-1941, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Files were kept separately for 1940 and for 1941 and that arrangement is reflected in this series.\n\t\t","This series is housed in 10 boxes and sub-series are arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, correspondence with local councils, and subject files.  These files were kept by Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary of the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, between 1941 Dec and mid-1942, and appear to have been forwarded to Office of Civilian Defense.  The reason for this is unclear, as no other records kept by Region Defense Councils were found in this collection.","Correspondence files, 1941-1942, consists of 4 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence of Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary with local, state, and federal officials, as well as Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council members and local area coordinators.  Topics include appointments, blackout ordinances, defense bonds and stamps, logistics, meetings, rationing, reporting, transition to new local defense council model, and other topics of local interest.  Files may also include reports and publications.\n\t\t","Correspondence with local councils, 1941-1942, consists of 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by local defense council.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence between Thomas P. Shelburne, Executive Secretary, and local defense council coordinators.  The majority of the correspondence is related to administrative and logistical matters.  May slso include membership lists, organization charts, plans, precinct information, reports, and checklists for coordinators, which include detailed information about each local council.  Folder titles include the county, local area council and coordinator.\n\t\t","Subject files, 1941-1942, consist of 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically.  These topical files include correspondence, lists, memoranda, minutes, publications, and reports.  Topics include civilian protection, coordination of local councils, health, rationing and salvage, among others. \n\t\t","There are 5 oversize boxes that consist of larger size materials pulled from throughout the collection.  Separation notices in collection will point to the correct oversize box."],"total_component_count_is":6843,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:02:27.500Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c729"}},{"id":"vi_vi00960_c01_c01_c65_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zehmer, George B. - Zorn, Jay","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00960_c01_c01_c65_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi00960_c01_c01_c65_c01","ref_ssm":["vi_vi00960_c01_c01_c65_c01"],"id":"vi_vi00960_c01_c01_c65_c01","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00960","_root_":"vi_vi00960","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00960_c01_c01_c65","parent_ssi":"vi_vi00960_c01_c01_c65","parent_ssim":["vi_vi00960","vi_vi00960_c01","vi_vi00960_c01_c01","vi_vi00960_c01_c01_c65"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi00960","vi_vi00960_c01","vi_vi00960_c01_c01","vi_vi00960_c01_c01_c65"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records,\n1927-1950","Series I. Correspondence, 1927-1950 (Accession 24806a)","Subseries A: Correspondence, 1927-1950","Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records,\n1927-1950","Series I. Correspondence, 1927-1950 (Accession 24806a)","Subseries A: Correspondence, 1927-1950","Correspondence"],"text":["Records,\n1927-1950","Series I. Correspondence, 1927-1950 (Accession 24806a)","Subseries A: Correspondence, 1927-1950","Correspondence","Zehmer, George B. - Zorn, Jay","box 55","folder 3"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zehmer, George B. - Zorn, Jay\n","title_ssm":["Zehmer, George B. - Zorn, Jay"],"title_tesim":["Zehmer, George B. - Zorn, Jay"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zehmer, George B. - Zorn, Jay"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Records,\n1927-1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":622,"containers_ssim":["box 55","folder 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#64/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:54:27.485Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00960","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00960","_root_":"vi_vi00960","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00960","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00960.xml","title_ssm":["Records,\n1927-1950"],"title_tesim":["Records,\n1927-1950"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["24806a-c, 25913 and 41571\n"],"text":["24806a-c, 25913 and 41571\n","Records,\n1927-1950","49.52 cubic feet","Collection is open to research.\n","Organized into the following series:\n","I. Correspondence, 1927-1950 (Accession 24806a)\n II. Virginia War History Project, 1942-1946 (Accession 24806b)\n III. Graves of Distinguished Virginians Project, 1944-1950 (Accession 24806c)\n IV. Records, 1929-1950 (Accession 25913)\n V. Historical Material, 1927-1950 (Accession 41571)\n","The Virginia State Commission of Conservation and Development was created in 1926 to consolidate and coordinate a number of conservation agencies including the Water Power and Development Commission, the State\nGeological Commission, the State Geological Survey, Office of the State Geologist, Office of the State Forester, and the Division of Parks. Governor Harry F. Byrd appointed his campaign manager William E. Carson\n(1870-1942) as the Commission's first chairman. Between 1926 and 1950 the Commission changed names several times: Virginia State Commission of Conservation and Development (1926-1938), Virginia Conservation\nCommission (1938-1948) and Department of Conservation and Development (1948-1985). Chairman of the Commission included: William E. Carson (1926-1935), Wilbur C. Hall (1935-1939), N. Clarence Smith (1939-1942), and\nWilliam A. Wright (1942-1948). In 1948, the General Assembly, as part of a reorganization of state government abolished the Virginia Conservation Commission and created the Department of Conservation and\nDevelopment. The new agency took over the function of the Conservation Commission, State Port Authority and the State Planning Board. Governor William Tuck named Wright as director of the new Department of\nConservation and Development.\n","In 1927, Carson created the Division of History and Archaeology within the Commission to preserve and develop the historical resources of the state. The new Division was lead by Dr. H.J. Eckenrode, Director;\nColonel Bryan Conrad, Assistant Director; and M.F. Pleasants, Field Assistant. Carson believed that Virginia needed to publicize Virginia's wealth of history and tradition especially to out-of-state travelers. He\ndecided to have markers placed on the states' highways to provide information of historical events that had happened in their vicinity. By the beginning of World War II, the Commission had erected more than 1400\nhistorical markers across Virginia.\n","In addition to the historical marker program, the Division of History assisted in the development of Virginia history in many other ways. It cooperated with the federal government in studying the battlefield of\nYorktown and in the development of the Richmond Battlefield Park. The Division photographed thousands of colonial era houses and other significant structures. The Division sponsored the Federal Writers' Project\nfor Virginia and conducted the WPA's Virginia Historical Inventory.\n","The Commission suspended the historical marker program during World War II because of rationing of metals. In its place, the Commission inaugurated a War records program including a newspaper reference file and\na correspondence program in which a non-salaried correspondent from each locality sent reports about local war time activities and local war activities and reaction to the war. In addition, the Division began a\nprogram to locate and mark the graves of distinguished Virginians. Finally in 1949, the Division published The Hornbook of Virginia History that included a brief history of Virginia and other historical\ninformation.\n","The Department of Conservation and Development, Division of History, Records are housed in 108 boxes, 3 oversize boxes, and 1 oversize map case drawer. The collection is arranged into five (5) series. Series\nhave been designated for: I. Correspondence; II. Virginia War History Project; III. Graves of Distinguished Virginians Project; IV. Records; and V. Historical Material. These records include addresses articles,\ncorrespondence, maps, magazines, minutes, newspapers, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, photographs, postcards, programs, radio addresses, reports scrapbooks and telegrams. These records document Virginia state\ngovernment's development and promotion of the Commonwealth's history and historical resources.\n","The creation and administration of Virginia's Historical Marker program is well documented in the records (Series I). This series provides a wealth of information on the Division's approach to markers, their\nconstruction, inscription, installation and maintenance. Of note to the Civil War Historian, this series also contains records on the creation of the Richmond Battlefield Park. Included are correspondence, maps,\npamphlets and aerial photographs taken of the battlefield in the 1930s.\n","For researchers interested in the life on the home front during World War II, there are some records of note. The Division of History collected reports on home front conditions. Topics include local opinion and\nreaction to war events and news, rosters of local service men and women, activities of local organizations, economic conditions and religious conditions (Series II).\n","The Division of History and Archaeology also attempted to locate graves of distinguished Virginians (Series III) and created a reference file on Virginia History and eventually published The Hornbook of\nVirginia History (Series IV). The Historical Material files is essentially a ready reference collection containing newspaper clippings and historical sketches on historic sites and events. (Series V).\n","Oversize items are filed in 3 boxes and 2 map case drawers. The oversize records consist primarily of maps and newspapers. Oversize items, which were part of the regular sized filing unit, were removed from\ntheir perspective folders. A separation notice listing the item(s) separated and their new location was put in its place. For location and content list of oversize folders, see the listing at the end of the\ncontainer list.\n","It is recommended that the researcher read the series level scope and content notes thoroughly before accessing the collection.\n","The Correspondence series is housed in 70 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Correspondence and Correspondence, Dead File. It is\nunknown why some correspondence were separated from the general correspondence (Subseries A) and grouped with the correspondence, dead file (Subseries B), because there is some overlap between the subseries. The\nseries consists primarily of incoming and outgoing correspondence from Division of History staff members including: Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, Director (1927-1949), J.R.V. Daniel, Director (1949-1950), Bryan\nConrad, Assistant Director and M.F. Pleasants, Field Assistant. This series comprises a large and important section of the Division of History records. In this series, researchers have a complete view, from 1927-\n1950, of most of the correspondence sent and received by the Division of History. These correspondence provide insight into the workings of the historical marker program including inscriptions, locations, and\nmanufacturing, instillation and maintenance of markers, and the Division's promotion of history and other activities.\n","This subseries is housed in 55 boxes, one oversize box and two oversize map folders and is arranged alphabetically with subdivisions for general correspondence, additional correspondence and topics. This is the\nlarger of the two subseries and contains a variety of letters from individuals across the county interested in Virginia history and the historical marker program. Topics include historical inquiries, historical\nmarker inscriptions, investigation of the historical marker program by other states, and the Richmond Battlefield Park. Other topics include work of the Division during World War II, Shenandoah National Park,\nbirthplace of the Wright Brothers mother, and biographical information on Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode and Bryan Conrad.\n"," The History Division responded to general historical questions concerning Virginia history from historians, history buffs and students from every part of the country. Virginia's historical marker program was a\nmodel for other states and there are inquiries about the program from individuals from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, and West\nVirginia. Many of these letters provide detailed information about the marker system (Eckenrode to Douglas Arant, 31 August 1938) and a summary of how to install markers (Pleasants to Arthur Adams, 24 April 1931).\n"," This subseries is a great source of information on the creation of the\n Richmond Battlefield Park\n . Included is a booklet by Eckenrode titled \"History of the Richmond Battlefield Parks\" dated 23 February 1932, aerial photographs of the park taken in the early 1930s by the United States Army Air Corps as\nwell as correspondence, memorandums and reports on the creation of the park. Several maps of the battlefield from the early 1930s are filed under oversized. Additional information on the Richmond Battlefield Park\nis located with the correspondence of William E. Carson, Douglas Southall Freeman and Branch Spalding (Subseries B, Correspondence, Dead File).\n"," Correspondence with\n William A. Wright\n , chairman of the Virginia Conservation Commission (1942-1948) include a report on the work of the History Division during World War II (5 August 1947) and two memorandums from Eckenrode describing the\nDivision's plans and work during the war (12 August 1944 and March 1946). Information on the\n Shenandoah National Park\n  includes newspaper clippings, the dedication program of the park (3 July 1936), and three pamphlets: \"Shenandoah National Park Project\" (n.d.), \"A Brief History of the Beginning of the Movement for a\nNational Park in Northern Virginia - Now Known as the Shenandoah National Park\" (ca. 1934), and \"The Shenandoah National Park Travelogue\" (1937). Correspondence between Orville Wright and Wilbur Hall (1932-1933\nfiled under\n Wright Brothers\n ) concern the birthplace of Wright's mother in Virginia. Biographical information on Eckenrode (\n Rowland Egger\n ) and Conrad (\n P. Tulane Atkinson\n , 14 July1945) is also included. Other notable topics include the Bell Tower (\n John Garland Pollard\n , 26 February 1931, 11 October 1932), the State Seal (Pollard, 25 August 1931) and the\n Growth of the Conservation and Development Commission\n  (Box 13, Folder 9) that includes a brief history and newspaper clippings.\n"," Correspondents include William Sumner Appleton, John Stewart Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Arthur Kyle Davis, Sr., E. Griffith Dodson, Dr. J.D. Eggleston, E.O. Flippen, Douglas Southall Freeman, Richard A. Gilliam,\nWilmer L. Hall, Douglas McArthur, John Garland Pollard, Branch Spalding, and William A. Wright.\n","This subseries is housed in 16 boxes and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent and subject. This subseries consists of incoming and outgoing correspondence from Division of History\nstaff members. Topics include the historical marker program, historical marker inscriptions, installation, and maintenance, published guide to historical markers, Richmond Battlefield Park, and reports of History\nDivision activities.\n","The most significant correspondence are between\n William E. Carson\n , chairman of the Virginia Conservation Commission from 1926 to 1934, and Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode. These letters provide insight into the development, administration and problems of the historical marker\nprogram. Other topics include the Richmond Battlefield Park. Topics of a personal nature include Carson's fall in 1933 and death in 1942 and Eckenrode's bachelorhood.\n","Notable correspondence concerning the historical marker program include letter to Carson from Eckenrode asking him to sooth Conrad's hurt feelings over mistakes Carson made in marker inscriptions (29 November\n1927); letter to Carson from Eckenrode describing delays in the installation of Lynchburg markers (11 March 1930); correspondence regarding marker orders and delivery problems (23 October 1933, 25 October 1933, 16\nFebruary 1934, 24 March 1934, 18 August 1934, and 20 August 1934); correspondence describing problems with marker maintenance (17 February 1933, 10 March 1933, 11 April 1933, 27 September 1933 and 7 October 1933).\n","Of note within the collection are correspondence describing the development of the Richmond Battlefield Park, especially between 1931 and 1934. Significant correspondence for 1931 include (5 January, 8 July, 9\nJuly, 10 July, 17 July, 21 July, 30 July, 14 August, 18 August, 19 August, 20 August, 4 September, 8 September, 8 December, 11 December, 17 December and 18 December); for 1932 (29 March, 15 April, 21 April, 26\nApril, 28 April, 2 May, 18 May, 10 August, 12 October, 13 October, 19 November, 21 November, and 14 December); for 1933 (22 May, 7 June, 14 July, 20 July, 24 July, 27 July, 4 August, 23 August, 8 September, 11\nSeptember, 15 September, 20 September, 11 October, 23 November, and 25 November); and for 1934 (10-13 January, 17 January, 7 February, 14 February, 15 February, 19 February, 12 March, 15-17 March, 10 April, 14\nMay, 16 May and 14 July).\n","Topics of a personal nature in the correspondence include Carson's fall, injury to his arm, and recovery in 1933 (12 August, 13 August, 16 August, 15 September, 18 October, 20 October, 23 October, 24 October,\nand 27 October) and Carson's poor health shortly before he died in 1942. Throughout their correspondence, Carson teased Eckenrode about being a bachelor and encouraged him to find a wife (10 September 1929, 6\nNovember 1929, 7 November 1929, 27 September 1930, 22 December 1930, and 10 June 1941).\n","The correspondence of\n Bryan Conrad\n , contain both business and personal letters, though most relate to his employment with the Division of History. Almost all of the office correspondence are between Conrad and Eckenrode. Topics include\nConrad's employment status (27 June 1927, 28 March 1929) and field work installing markers including weekly reports (1927-1928). Personal letters between Conrad and his sister, Carter Bryan Conrad of Washington,\nD.C., are also included within Conrad's office correspondence. Topics include Conrad's divorce (19 October 1932), family and politics (8 May 1933, 19 September 1933, 9 January 1934, 6 December 1934). Also included\nare Conrad's personal correspondence, including a letter to Carter Bryan Conrad regarding the Edith Maxwell case and Franklin D. Roosevelt (17 November 1937), and correspondence with his daughter, Georgia Conrad\n(15 March 1935, 20 September 1935 and 18 May 1936 newspaper clipping).\n","Correspondence between\n Douglas Southall Freeman\n  and Eckenrode include Freeman's comments on marker inscriptions. Additional correspondence discuss the Richmond Battlefield Park (20 June 1933, 21 June 1933, 7 July 1933, 10 July 1933, 21 August 1933, 18\nSeptember 1933, 22 September 1933, 23 September 1933, 25 September 1933, 23 November 1933, 15 January 1934, 25 January 1934 and 5 February 1934).\n","Wilbur C. Hall\n  was chairman of the Conservation Commission from 1935 to 1939. Topics included in correspondence between Hall and Eckenrode are the Richmond Battlefield Park (23 February 1935, 6 April 1935 and 11 June\n1935) and the WPA Historical Inventory Project (28 May 1936, 20 August 1937 and 4 December 1937).\n","The correspondence of\n M.F. Pleasants\n , Field Assistant for the Division of History, describe the installation and maintenance of the historical markers. Additional information can be found under the headings\n Highway Department and Markers\n .\n","Also of note is a typed 17 page transcript of the diary of Dr. John Waller Reins describing his ocean voyage from Norfolk, Virginia, to California, between 2 April 1849 and May 1849, filed with the\ncorrespondence of\n Mrs. Harris E. Willlingham\n  and reports of the Division's work during World War II (\n Virginia World War II History\n ).\n","Additional correspondents include E. Griffith Dodson, Elmer O. Flippin, Dr. H.R. McIlwaine, N. Clarence Smith, Branch Spalding, and Dr. E.G. Swem.\n","The Virginia War History Project series is housed in 10 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Counties and Cities. The series consists of\nbooklets, correspondence, lists, newspaper clippings, newsletters, pamphlets, photographs, programs, reports, and rosters.\n","In September 1942 the Virginia Conservation Commission's Division of History and Archaeology, under the direction of Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, began a war records collection program. Unable to continue the\nDivision of History's historical marker program because of wartime rationing, Eckenrode sought to \"record the history of the Old Dominion's war effort while the history is still fresh in the making, rather than\nwait until after the war when the events and details would be more obscured.\" The Conservation Commission began a correspondence program in which a non-salaried correspondent from each locality sent reports about\nlocal war activities and local effects and reaction to the war. The local correspondents also assisted the Virginia World War II History Commission with its' questionnaire, \"Personal War Service Record of\nVirginia's Ward Dead\" completed by the next of kin of Virginia's deceased servicemen.\n","Most of the information in this series contains correspondence reports on local wartime conditions in Virginia from local correspondents mainly during 1943 with a few from 1944 and 1945. Topics include local\nopinion and reaction to war events and news, rosters of local service men and women, activities of local organizations, economic conditions and religious conditions. Unfortunately, the quantity and quality of\nthese reports varied widely. Many only submitted a few reports. However, other localities submitted a substantial number of records. In addition, there are correspondence between the History Division and local\ncorrespondents related to the administration of the \"Personal War Service Record of Virginia's War Dead\" questionnaire on behalf of the Virginia World War II History Commission. These records were transferred to\nthe Virginia World War II History Commission and are part of Record Group 68, accession 24805. A few localities submitted casualty lists.\n","This subseries is housed in 9 boxes and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by county. This subseries consists of incoming correspondence and reports from local correspondents and replies from\nDivision of History staff members. A few also include newspaper clippings about local soldiers and events. The bulk of the reports cover portions of 1943 and some 1944. The quality and frequency of the reports\nvaried widely. Notable county reports include Arlington County (clippings from Washington, D.C. newspapers), Bedford County (reports on D-Day, 6-8 June 1944), Buchanan County, Buckingham County (1942-1943 issues\nof Seabees Buzz), Dinwiddie County (reaction to the war by Camp Lee service men, ca. 1944), Essex County (critical attitude), Fluvanna County, Halifax County, Henry County, Isle of Wight County, Loudoun County,\nNelson County, Patrick County, Prince William County, Stafford County (including \"Story of Stafford Evacuation\" by Elizabeth Russell Powers, describing removal of 650 families for enlargement of Marine Base at\nQuantico in 1942), and Surry County.\n","A few localities (Alleghany County, Franklin County, Giles County, Prince George County, Sussex County and Wise County) also gathered biographical information about soldiers often listing the soldiers name,\nage, physical description, name of parents, residence, education, marital status, and a brief military record. A few records include newspaper clippings and photographs.\n","This subseries is housed in 1 box and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by city. This subseries consists of incoming correspondence and reports from local correspondents and replies from Division\nof History staff members. Very few localities submitted any reports. Most of the correspondence concerns the collection of \"Personal War Service Record of Virginia's Ward Dead\".\n","The Graves of Distinguished Virginians Project series is housed in 5 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Correspondence and County\nFiles. The series consists of correspondence, lists, maps, newspaper clippings, and reports.\n","In October 1944 the Virginia Conservation Commission's Division of History began a \"Graves of Distinguished Virginians\" Project. Funded by a $2000 appropriation of the General Assembly, the project's goals was\nto identify and, if necessary, mark such graves. The bulk of the work on this project was between 1946 and 1948.\n","This subseries is housed in 3 boxes and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent with some correspondence and topics separated out. The series consists primarily of correspondence\nbetween Division of History staff members, Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, Bryan Conrad and J.R.V. Daniel and interested citizens concerning the graves of distinguished Virginians. Topics include: tombstone\ninscriptions and information on the location of graves.\n","This subseries is housed in 3 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by locality. The series consists of lists of distinguished Virginians buried in each locality and an approximate location of their grave. A few\nlocalities include tombstone inscriptions and newspaper clippings about the project.\n","The Records series is housed in 7 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Reference Files and The Hornbook of Virginia History. The series\nconsists of correspondence, minutes, newspapers, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, photographs, postcards and scrapbooks.\n","This subseries is housed in 4 boxes and two oversize folders and is arranged alphabetically by subject or correspondent. The series consists primarily of topical reference files. Notable subjects include: Bell\nTower, Covered Bridges in Virginia (including some photographs and WPA Historical Inventory Forms), Division of History and Archaeology (organization and reports), and George Washington. The material on Washington\nincludes several issues of Clip Sheet, published by the United States George Washington Bicentennial Commission. In addition to the subject files, the subseries also consists of correspondence between Division of\nHistory staff members, Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, Bryan Conrad and J.R.V. Daniel and individuals concerning the Division's work. It is unknown why these correspondence were separated from the main Correspondence\nFile (Series I.). Notable correspondents include: W. Edwin Hemphill and Alexander Weddell.\n","This series is housed in 3 boxes and includes information on the publication of The Hornbook of Virginia History by the Virginia Department of Conservation and Development, Division of History in 1949. Notable\nrecords include: minutes of the 21 March 1947 meeting of the History Advisory Committee, correspondence, comments and revisions to brief Virginia histories written by Everard Kidder Meade and H.J. Eckenrode,\nreviews, scrapbook, and requests for copies.\n","The Historical Material is housed in 17 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged alphabetically by county followed by a separate section of newspapers and magazines arranged by sections. City\nhistorical material is interfiled with the nearest county. For example City of Richmond material is filed with Henrico County. A 3x5 card files provides a rough topical index to the collection. The series consists\nof historical sketches, maps, newspaper clippings, pamphlets and photographs.\n","Contents include historical data on counties and information on historic sites and places of each interest within each locality. Notable records include two photographs from the Great Dismal Swamp. The first\nphotograph shows gnarled cypress roots in Lake Drummond, near Norfolk (no date); the second, dated 1899, shows the locomobile of John Wallace, Norfolk, the \"first motor vehicle other than by electric power\"\n(Norfolk County, Box 103, Folder 1). Other items of interest include:\n The Spirit of Orange: A Pageant Portraying a Few High Points of Orange County History in Relation to Local, National and International Affairs\n , 3 May 1930, official program for forty-third annual reunion of Confederate Veterans, in Orange, 16-18 September 1930 (Box 103, Folder 4);\n Glen Mary: Past and Present\n  by A.V.S. Milbourne, 1935, photograph of commissioners and historians at Skyland, including W.E. Carson and Harry F. Byrd, (Page County, Box 103, Folder 5); newspaper clippings concerning the case of Odell\nWaller, a Pittsylvania County sharecropper executed for murder on 2 July 1942 (Box 103, Folder 6); photographs of Wanda Hawley, a silent motion picture actress, Helen Wainwright, Olympic swimming and diving\nchampion, and Helen Hentschel, an outboard motor boat racer, at Virginia Beach, Princess Anne County, n.d. (Box 104, Folder 3);and\n Directory of Surry County, Virginia\n , 1932-1933 compiled by Gordon C. Berryman (Box 105, Folder 9).\n","There are no restrictions.\n","State Records Collection, Department of Conservation and Economic Development (Record Group 18)\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["24806a-c, 25913 and 41571\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records,\n1927-1950"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records,\n1927-1950"],"collection_ssim":["Records,\n1927-1950"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Department of Conservation and Development, Division of History\n"],"creator_ssim":["Department of Conservation and Development, Division of History\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accessions 24806a-c transferred from History Division, Virginia State Library on 30 June 1958; Accession 25913 transferred from Historic Publications Division, Virginia State Library on 21 November 1963;\nAccession 41571 transferred to Archives on 29 November 2004.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["49.52 cubic feet"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into the following series:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eI. Correspondence, 1927-1950 (Accession 24806a)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eII. Virginia War History Project, 1942-1946 (Accession 24806b)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eIII. Graves of Distinguished Virginians Project, 1944-1950 (Accession 24806c)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eIV. Records, 1929-1950 (Accession 25913)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eV. Historical Material, 1927-1950 (Accession 41571)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into the following series:\n","I. Correspondence, 1927-1950 (Accession 24806a)\n II. Virginia War History Project, 1942-1946 (Accession 24806b)\n III. Graves of Distinguished Virginians Project, 1944-1950 (Accession 24806c)\n IV. Records, 1929-1950 (Accession 25913)\n V. Historical Material, 1927-1950 (Accession 41571)\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia State Commission of Conservation and Development was created in 1926 to consolidate and coordinate a number of conservation agencies including the Water Power and Development Commission, the State\nGeological Commission, the State Geological Survey, Office of the State Geologist, Office of the State Forester, and the Division of Parks. Governor Harry F. Byrd appointed his campaign manager William E. Carson\n(1870-1942) as the Commission's first chairman. Between 1926 and 1950 the Commission changed names several times: Virginia State Commission of Conservation and Development (1926-1938), Virginia Conservation\nCommission (1938-1948) and Department of Conservation and Development (1948-1985). Chairman of the Commission included: William E. Carson (1926-1935), Wilbur C. Hall (1935-1939), N. Clarence Smith (1939-1942), and\nWilliam A. Wright (1942-1948). In 1948, the General Assembly, as part of a reorganization of state government abolished the Virginia Conservation Commission and created the Department of Conservation and\nDevelopment. The new agency took over the function of the Conservation Commission, State Port Authority and the State Planning Board. Governor William Tuck named Wright as director of the new Department of\nConservation and Development.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1927, Carson created the Division of History and Archaeology within the Commission to preserve and develop the historical resources of the state. The new Division was lead by Dr. H.J. Eckenrode, Director;\nColonel Bryan Conrad, Assistant Director; and M.F. Pleasants, Field Assistant. Carson believed that Virginia needed to publicize Virginia's wealth of history and tradition especially to out-of-state travelers. He\ndecided to have markers placed on the states' highways to provide information of historical events that had happened in their vicinity. By the beginning of World War II, the Commission had erected more than 1400\nhistorical markers across Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the historical marker program, the Division of History assisted in the development of Virginia history in many other ways. It cooperated with the federal government in studying the battlefield of\nYorktown and in the development of the Richmond Battlefield Park. The Division photographed thousands of colonial era houses and other significant structures. The Division sponsored the Federal Writers' Project\nfor Virginia and conducted the WPA's Virginia Historical Inventory.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Commission suspended the historical marker program during World War II because of rationing of metals. In its place, the Commission inaugurated a War records program including a newspaper reference file and\na correspondence program in which a non-salaried correspondent from each locality sent reports about local war time activities and local war activities and reaction to the war. In addition, the Division began a\nprogram to locate and mark the graves of distinguished Virginians. Finally in 1949, the Division published The Hornbook of Virginia History that included a brief history of Virginia and other historical\ninformation.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Virginia State Commission of Conservation and Development was created in 1926 to consolidate and coordinate a number of conservation agencies including the Water Power and Development Commission, the State\nGeological Commission, the State Geological Survey, Office of the State Geologist, Office of the State Forester, and the Division of Parks. Governor Harry F. Byrd appointed his campaign manager William E. Carson\n(1870-1942) as the Commission's first chairman. Between 1926 and 1950 the Commission changed names several times: Virginia State Commission of Conservation and Development (1926-1938), Virginia Conservation\nCommission (1938-1948) and Department of Conservation and Development (1948-1985). Chairman of the Commission included: William E. Carson (1926-1935), Wilbur C. Hall (1935-1939), N. Clarence Smith (1939-1942), and\nWilliam A. Wright (1942-1948). In 1948, the General Assembly, as part of a reorganization of state government abolished the Virginia Conservation Commission and created the Department of Conservation and\nDevelopment. The new agency took over the function of the Conservation Commission, State Port Authority and the State Planning Board. Governor William Tuck named Wright as director of the new Department of\nConservation and Development.\n","In 1927, Carson created the Division of History and Archaeology within the Commission to preserve and develop the historical resources of the state. The new Division was lead by Dr. H.J. Eckenrode, Director;\nColonel Bryan Conrad, Assistant Director; and M.F. Pleasants, Field Assistant. Carson believed that Virginia needed to publicize Virginia's wealth of history and tradition especially to out-of-state travelers. He\ndecided to have markers placed on the states' highways to provide information of historical events that had happened in their vicinity. By the beginning of World War II, the Commission had erected more than 1400\nhistorical markers across Virginia.\n","In addition to the historical marker program, the Division of History assisted in the development of Virginia history in many other ways. It cooperated with the federal government in studying the battlefield of\nYorktown and in the development of the Richmond Battlefield Park. The Division photographed thousands of colonial era houses and other significant structures. The Division sponsored the Federal Writers' Project\nfor Virginia and conducted the WPA's Virginia Historical Inventory.\n","The Commission suspended the historical marker program during World War II because of rationing of metals. In its place, the Commission inaugurated a War records program including a newspaper reference file and\na correspondence program in which a non-salaried correspondent from each locality sent reports about local war time activities and local war activities and reaction to the war. In addition, the Division began a\nprogram to locate and mark the graves of distinguished Virginians. Finally in 1949, the Division published The Hornbook of Virginia History that included a brief history of Virginia and other historical\ninformation.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Department of Conservation and Development, Division of History, Records, 1927-1950. Accession 24806a-c, 25913 and 41571, State Records Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Virginia Department of Conservation and Development, Division of History, Records, 1927-1950. Accession 24806a-c, 25913 and 41571, State Records Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Department of Conservation and Development, Division of History, Records are housed in 108 boxes, 3 oversize boxes, and 1 oversize map case drawer. The collection is arranged into five (5) series. Series\nhave been designated for: I. Correspondence; II. Virginia War History Project; III. Graves of Distinguished Virginians Project; IV. Records; and V. Historical Material. These records include addresses articles,\ncorrespondence, maps, magazines, minutes, newspapers, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, photographs, postcards, programs, radio addresses, reports scrapbooks and telegrams. These records document Virginia state\ngovernment's development and promotion of the Commonwealth's history and historical resources.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe creation and administration of Virginia's Historical Marker program is well documented in the records (Series I). This series provides a wealth of information on the Division's approach to markers, their\nconstruction, inscription, installation and maintenance. Of note to the Civil War Historian, this series also contains records on the creation of the Richmond Battlefield Park. Included are correspondence, maps,\npamphlets and aerial photographs taken of the battlefield in the 1930s.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor researchers interested in the life on the home front during World War II, there are some records of note. The Division of History collected reports on home front conditions. Topics include local opinion and\nreaction to war events and news, rosters of local service men and women, activities of local organizations, economic conditions and religious conditions (Series II).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Division of History and Archaeology also attempted to locate graves of distinguished Virginians (Series III) and created a reference file on Virginia History and eventually published The Hornbook of\nVirginia History (Series IV). The Historical Material files is essentially a ready reference collection containing newspaper clippings and historical sketches on historic sites and events. (Series V).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOversize items are filed in 3 boxes and 2 map case drawers. The oversize records consist primarily of maps and newspapers. Oversize items, which were part of the regular sized filing unit, were removed from\ntheir perspective folders. A separation notice listing the item(s) separated and their new location was put in its place. For location and content list of oversize folders, see the listing at the end of the\ncontainer list.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt is recommended that the researcher read the series level scope and content notes thoroughly before accessing the collection.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Correspondence series is housed in 70 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Correspondence and Correspondence, Dead File. It is\nunknown why some correspondence were separated from the general correspondence (Subseries A) and grouped with the correspondence, dead file (Subseries B), because there is some overlap between the subseries. The\nseries consists primarily of incoming and outgoing correspondence from Division of History staff members including: Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, Director (1927-1949), J.R.V. Daniel, Director (1949-1950), Bryan\nConrad, Assistant Director and M.F. Pleasants, Field Assistant. This series comprises a large and important section of the Division of History records. In this series, researchers have a complete view, from 1927-\n1950, of most of the correspondence sent and received by the Division of History. These correspondence provide insight into the workings of the historical marker program including inscriptions, locations, and\nmanufacturing, instillation and maintenance of markers, and the Division's promotion of history and other activities.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 55 boxes, one oversize box and two oversize map folders and is arranged alphabetically with subdivisions for general correspondence, additional correspondence and topics. This is the\nlarger of the two subseries and contains a variety of letters from individuals across the county interested in Virginia history and the historical marker program. Topics include historical inquiries, historical\nmarker inscriptions, investigation of the historical marker program by other states, and the Richmond Battlefield Park. Other topics include work of the Division during World War II, Shenandoah National Park,\nbirthplace of the Wright Brothers mother, and biographical information on Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode and Bryan Conrad.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The History Division responded to general historical questions concerning Virginia history from historians, history buffs and students from every part of the country. Virginia's historical marker program was a\nmodel for other states and there are inquiries about the program from individuals from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, and West\nVirginia. Many of these letters provide detailed information about the marker system (Eckenrode to Douglas Arant, 31 August 1938) and a summary of how to install markers (Pleasants to Arthur Adams, 24 April 1931).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e This subseries is a great source of information on the creation of the\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eRichmond Battlefield Park\n\u003c/emph\u003e. Included is a booklet by Eckenrode titled \"History of the Richmond Battlefield Parks\" dated 23 February 1932, aerial photographs of the park taken in the early 1930s by the United States Army Air Corps as\nwell as correspondence, memorandums and reports on the creation of the park. Several maps of the battlefield from the early 1930s are filed under oversized. Additional information on the Richmond Battlefield Park\nis located with the correspondence of William E. Carson, Douglas Southall Freeman and Branch Spalding (Subseries B, Correspondence, Dead File).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Correspondence with\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eWilliam A. Wright\n\u003c/emph\u003e, chairman of the Virginia Conservation Commission (1942-1948) include a report on the work of the History Division during World War II (5 August 1947) and two memorandums from Eckenrode describing the\nDivision's plans and work during the war (12 August 1944 and March 1946). Information on the\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eShenandoah National Park\n\u003c/emph\u003e includes newspaper clippings, the dedication program of the park (3 July 1936), and three pamphlets: \"Shenandoah National Park Project\" (n.d.), \"A Brief History of the Beginning of the Movement for a\nNational Park in Northern Virginia - Now Known as the Shenandoah National Park\" (ca. 1934), and \"The Shenandoah National Park Travelogue\" (1937). Correspondence between Orville Wright and Wilbur Hall (1932-1933\nfiled under\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eWright Brothers\n\u003c/emph\u003e) concern the birthplace of Wright's mother in Virginia. Biographical information on Eckenrode (\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eRowland Egger\n\u003c/emph\u003e) and Conrad (\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eP. Tulane Atkinson\n\u003c/emph\u003e, 14 July1945) is also included. Other notable topics include the Bell Tower (\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eJohn Garland Pollard\n\u003c/emph\u003e, 26 February 1931, 11 October 1932), the State Seal (Pollard, 25 August 1931) and the\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eGrowth of the Conservation and Development Commission\n\u003c/emph\u003e (Box 13, Folder 9) that includes a brief history and newspaper clippings.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Correspondents include William Sumner Appleton, John Stewart Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Arthur Kyle Davis, Sr., E. Griffith Dodson, Dr. J.D. Eggleston, E.O. Flippen, Douglas Southall Freeman, Richard A. Gilliam,\nWilmer L. Hall, Douglas McArthur, John Garland Pollard, Branch Spalding, and William A. Wright.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 16 boxes and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent and subject. This subseries consists of incoming and outgoing correspondence from Division of History\nstaff members. Topics include the historical marker program, historical marker inscriptions, installation, and maintenance, published guide to historical markers, Richmond Battlefield Park, and reports of History\nDivision activities.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe most significant correspondence are between\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eWilliam E. Carson\n\u003c/title\u003e, chairman of the Virginia Conservation Commission from 1926 to 1934, and Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode. These letters provide insight into the development, administration and problems of the historical marker\nprogram. Other topics include the Richmond Battlefield Park. Topics of a personal nature include Carson's fall in 1933 and death in 1942 and Eckenrode's bachelorhood.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotable correspondence concerning the historical marker program include letter to Carson from Eckenrode asking him to sooth Conrad's hurt feelings over mistakes Carson made in marker inscriptions (29 November\n1927); letter to Carson from Eckenrode describing delays in the installation of Lynchburg markers (11 March 1930); correspondence regarding marker orders and delivery problems (23 October 1933, 25 October 1933, 16\nFebruary 1934, 24 March 1934, 18 August 1934, and 20 August 1934); correspondence describing problems with marker maintenance (17 February 1933, 10 March 1933, 11 April 1933, 27 September 1933 and 7 October 1933).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf note within the collection are correspondence describing the development of the Richmond Battlefield Park, especially between 1931 and 1934. Significant correspondence for 1931 include (5 January, 8 July, 9\nJuly, 10 July, 17 July, 21 July, 30 July, 14 August, 18 August, 19 August, 20 August, 4 September, 8 September, 8 December, 11 December, 17 December and 18 December); for 1932 (29 March, 15 April, 21 April, 26\nApril, 28 April, 2 May, 18 May, 10 August, 12 October, 13 October, 19 November, 21 November, and 14 December); for 1933 (22 May, 7 June, 14 July, 20 July, 24 July, 27 July, 4 August, 23 August, 8 September, 11\nSeptember, 15 September, 20 September, 11 October, 23 November, and 25 November); and for 1934 (10-13 January, 17 January, 7 February, 14 February, 15 February, 19 February, 12 March, 15-17 March, 10 April, 14\nMay, 16 May and 14 July).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopics of a personal nature in the correspondence include Carson's fall, injury to his arm, and recovery in 1933 (12 August, 13 August, 16 August, 15 September, 18 October, 20 October, 23 October, 24 October,\nand 27 October) and Carson's poor health shortly before he died in 1942. Throughout their correspondence, Carson teased Eckenrode about being a bachelor and encouraged him to find a wife (10 September 1929, 6\nNovember 1929, 7 November 1929, 27 September 1930, 22 December 1930, and 10 June 1941).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence of\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eBryan Conrad\n\u003c/title\u003e, contain both business and personal letters, though most relate to his employment with the Division of History. Almost all of the office correspondence are between Conrad and Eckenrode. Topics include\nConrad's employment status (27 June 1927, 28 March 1929) and field work installing markers including weekly reports (1927-1928). Personal letters between Conrad and his sister, Carter Bryan Conrad of Washington,\nD.C., are also included within Conrad's office correspondence. Topics include Conrad's divorce (19 October 1932), family and politics (8 May 1933, 19 September 1933, 9 January 1934, 6 December 1934). Also included\nare Conrad's personal correspondence, including a letter to Carter Bryan Conrad regarding the Edith Maxwell case and Franklin D. Roosevelt (17 November 1937), and correspondence with his daughter, Georgia Conrad\n(15 March 1935, 20 September 1935 and 18 May 1936 newspaper clipping).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eDouglas Southall Freeman\n\u003c/title\u003e and Eckenrode include Freeman's comments on marker inscriptions. Additional correspondence discuss the Richmond Battlefield Park (20 June 1933, 21 June 1933, 7 July 1933, 10 July 1933, 21 August 1933, 18\nSeptember 1933, 22 September 1933, 23 September 1933, 25 September 1933, 23 November 1933, 15 January 1934, 25 January 1934 and 5 February 1934).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eWilbur C. Hall\n\u003c/title\u003e was chairman of the Conservation Commission from 1935 to 1939. Topics included in correspondence between Hall and Eckenrode are the Richmond Battlefield Park (23 February 1935, 6 April 1935 and 11 June\n1935) and the WPA Historical Inventory Project (28 May 1936, 20 August 1937 and 4 December 1937).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence of\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eM.F. Pleasants\n\u003c/title\u003e, Field Assistant for the Division of History, describe the installation and maintenance of the historical markers. Additional information can be found under the headings\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eHighway Department and Markers\n\u003c/title\u003e.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso of note is a typed 17 page transcript of the diary of Dr. John Waller Reins describing his ocean voyage from Norfolk, Virginia, to California, between 2 April 1849 and May 1849, filed with the\ncorrespondence of\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eMrs. Harris E. Willlingham\n\u003c/title\u003e and reports of the Division's work during World War II (\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia World War II History\n\u003c/title\u003e).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional correspondents include E. Griffith Dodson, Elmer O. Flippin, Dr. H.R. McIlwaine, N. Clarence Smith, Branch Spalding, and Dr. E.G. Swem.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia War History Project series is housed in 10 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Counties and Cities. The series consists of\nbooklets, correspondence, lists, newspaper clippings, newsletters, pamphlets, photographs, programs, reports, and rosters.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn September 1942 the Virginia Conservation Commission's Division of History and Archaeology, under the direction of Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, began a war records collection program. Unable to continue the\nDivision of History's historical marker program because of wartime rationing, Eckenrode sought to \"record the history of the Old Dominion's war effort while the history is still fresh in the making, rather than\nwait until after the war when the events and details would be more obscured.\" The Conservation Commission began a correspondence program in which a non-salaried correspondent from each locality sent reports about\nlocal war activities and local effects and reaction to the war. The local correspondents also assisted the Virginia World War II History Commission with its' questionnaire, \"Personal War Service Record of\nVirginia's Ward Dead\" completed by the next of kin of Virginia's deceased servicemen.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of the information in this series contains correspondence reports on local wartime conditions in Virginia from local correspondents mainly during 1943 with a few from 1944 and 1945. Topics include local\nopinion and reaction to war events and news, rosters of local service men and women, activities of local organizations, economic conditions and religious conditions. Unfortunately, the quantity and quality of\nthese reports varied widely. Many only submitted a few reports. However, other localities submitted a substantial number of records. In addition, there are correspondence between the History Division and local\ncorrespondents related to the administration of the \"Personal War Service Record of Virginia's War Dead\" questionnaire on behalf of the Virginia World War II History Commission. These records were transferred to\nthe Virginia World War II History Commission and are part of Record Group 68, accession 24805. A few localities submitted casualty lists.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 9 boxes and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by county. This subseries consists of incoming correspondence and reports from local correspondents and replies from\nDivision of History staff members. A few also include newspaper clippings about local soldiers and events. The bulk of the reports cover portions of 1943 and some 1944. The quality and frequency of the reports\nvaried widely. Notable county reports include Arlington County (clippings from Washington, D.C. newspapers), Bedford County (reports on D-Day, 6-8 June 1944), Buchanan County, Buckingham County (1942-1943 issues\nof Seabees Buzz), Dinwiddie County (reaction to the war by Camp Lee service men, ca. 1944), Essex County (critical attitude), Fluvanna County, Halifax County, Henry County, Isle of Wight County, Loudoun County,\nNelson County, Patrick County, Prince William County, Stafford County (including \"Story of Stafford Evacuation\" by Elizabeth Russell Powers, describing removal of 650 families for enlargement of Marine Base at\nQuantico in 1942), and Surry County.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA few localities (Alleghany County, Franklin County, Giles County, Prince George County, Sussex County and Wise County) also gathered biographical information about soldiers often listing the soldiers name,\nage, physical description, name of parents, residence, education, marital status, and a brief military record. A few records include newspaper clippings and photographs.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 1 box and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by city. This subseries consists of incoming correspondence and reports from local correspondents and replies from Division\nof History staff members. Very few localities submitted any reports. Most of the correspondence concerns the collection of \"Personal War Service Record of Virginia's Ward Dead\".\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Graves of Distinguished Virginians Project series is housed in 5 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Correspondence and County\nFiles. The series consists of correspondence, lists, maps, newspaper clippings, and reports.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn October 1944 the Virginia Conservation Commission's Division of History began a \"Graves of Distinguished Virginians\" Project. Funded by a $2000 appropriation of the General Assembly, the project's goals was\nto identify and, if necessary, mark such graves. The bulk of the work on this project was between 1946 and 1948.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 3 boxes and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent with some correspondence and topics separated out. The series consists primarily of correspondence\nbetween Division of History staff members, Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, Bryan Conrad and J.R.V. Daniel and interested citizens concerning the graves of distinguished Virginians. Topics include: tombstone\ninscriptions and information on the location of graves.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 3 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by locality. The series consists of lists of distinguished Virginians buried in each locality and an approximate location of their grave. A few\nlocalities include tombstone inscriptions and newspaper clippings about the project.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Records series is housed in 7 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Reference Files and The Hornbook of Virginia History. The series\nconsists of correspondence, minutes, newspapers, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, photographs, postcards and scrapbooks.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 4 boxes and two oversize folders and is arranged alphabetically by subject or correspondent. The series consists primarily of topical reference files. Notable subjects include: Bell\nTower, Covered Bridges in Virginia (including some photographs and WPA Historical Inventory Forms), Division of History and Archaeology (organization and reports), and George Washington. The material on Washington\nincludes several issues of Clip Sheet, published by the United States George Washington Bicentennial Commission. In addition to the subject files, the subseries also consists of correspondence between Division of\nHistory staff members, Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, Bryan Conrad and J.R.V. Daniel and individuals concerning the Division's work. It is unknown why these correspondence were separated from the main Correspondence\nFile (Series I.). Notable correspondents include: W. Edwin Hemphill and Alexander Weddell.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 3 boxes and includes information on the publication of The Hornbook of Virginia History by the Virginia Department of Conservation and Development, Division of History in 1949. Notable\nrecords include: minutes of the 21 March 1947 meeting of the History Advisory Committee, correspondence, comments and revisions to brief Virginia histories written by Everard Kidder Meade and H.J. Eckenrode,\nreviews, scrapbook, and requests for copies.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Historical Material is housed in 17 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged alphabetically by county followed by a separate section of newspapers and magazines arranged by sections. City\nhistorical material is interfiled with the nearest county. For example City of Richmond material is filed with Henrico County. A 3x5 card files provides a rough topical index to the collection. The series consists\nof historical sketches, maps, newspaper clippings, pamphlets and photographs.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents include historical data on counties and information on historic sites and places of each interest within each locality. Notable records include two photographs from the Great Dismal Swamp. The first\nphotograph shows gnarled cypress roots in Lake Drummond, near Norfolk (no date); the second, dated 1899, shows the locomobile of John Wallace, Norfolk, the \"first motor vehicle other than by electric power\"\n(Norfolk County, Box 103, Folder 1). Other items of interest include:\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe Spirit of Orange: A Pageant Portraying a Few High Points of Orange County History in Relation to Local, National and International Affairs\n\u003c/emph\u003e, 3 May 1930, official program for forty-third annual reunion of Confederate Veterans, in Orange, 16-18 September 1930 (Box 103, Folder 4);\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eGlen Mary: Past and Present\n\u003c/emph\u003e by A.V.S. Milbourne, 1935, photograph of commissioners and historians at Skyland, including W.E. Carson and Harry F. Byrd, (Page County, Box 103, Folder 5); newspaper clippings concerning the case of Odell\nWaller, a Pittsylvania County sharecropper executed for murder on 2 July 1942 (Box 103, Folder 6); photographs of Wanda Hawley, a silent motion picture actress, Helen Wainwright, Olympic swimming and diving\nchampion, and Helen Hentschel, an outboard motor boat racer, at Virginia Beach, Princess Anne County, n.d. (Box 104, Folder 3);and\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDirectory of Surry County, Virginia\n\u003c/emph\u003e, 1932-1933 compiled by Gordon C. Berryman (Box 105, Folder 9).\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Department of Conservation and Development, Division of History, Records are housed in 108 boxes, 3 oversize boxes, and 1 oversize map case drawer. The collection is arranged into five (5) series. Series\nhave been designated for: I. Correspondence; II. Virginia War History Project; III. Graves of Distinguished Virginians Project; IV. Records; and V. Historical Material. These records include addresses articles,\ncorrespondence, maps, magazines, minutes, newspapers, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, photographs, postcards, programs, radio addresses, reports scrapbooks and telegrams. These records document Virginia state\ngovernment's development and promotion of the Commonwealth's history and historical resources.\n","The creation and administration of Virginia's Historical Marker program is well documented in the records (Series I). This series provides a wealth of information on the Division's approach to markers, their\nconstruction, inscription, installation and maintenance. Of note to the Civil War Historian, this series also contains records on the creation of the Richmond Battlefield Park. Included are correspondence, maps,\npamphlets and aerial photographs taken of the battlefield in the 1930s.\n","For researchers interested in the life on the home front during World War II, there are some records of note. The Division of History collected reports on home front conditions. Topics include local opinion and\nreaction to war events and news, rosters of local service men and women, activities of local organizations, economic conditions and religious conditions (Series II).\n","The Division of History and Archaeology also attempted to locate graves of distinguished Virginians (Series III) and created a reference file on Virginia History and eventually published The Hornbook of\nVirginia History (Series IV). The Historical Material files is essentially a ready reference collection containing newspaper clippings and historical sketches on historic sites and events. (Series V).\n","Oversize items are filed in 3 boxes and 2 map case drawers. The oversize records consist primarily of maps and newspapers. Oversize items, which were part of the regular sized filing unit, were removed from\ntheir perspective folders. A separation notice listing the item(s) separated and their new location was put in its place. For location and content list of oversize folders, see the listing at the end of the\ncontainer list.\n","It is recommended that the researcher read the series level scope and content notes thoroughly before accessing the collection.\n","The Correspondence series is housed in 70 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Correspondence and Correspondence, Dead File. It is\nunknown why some correspondence were separated from the general correspondence (Subseries A) and grouped with the correspondence, dead file (Subseries B), because there is some overlap between the subseries. The\nseries consists primarily of incoming and outgoing correspondence from Division of History staff members including: Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, Director (1927-1949), J.R.V. Daniel, Director (1949-1950), Bryan\nConrad, Assistant Director and M.F. Pleasants, Field Assistant. This series comprises a large and important section of the Division of History records. In this series, researchers have a complete view, from 1927-\n1950, of most of the correspondence sent and received by the Division of History. These correspondence provide insight into the workings of the historical marker program including inscriptions, locations, and\nmanufacturing, instillation and maintenance of markers, and the Division's promotion of history and other activities.\n","This subseries is housed in 55 boxes, one oversize box and two oversize map folders and is arranged alphabetically with subdivisions for general correspondence, additional correspondence and topics. This is the\nlarger of the two subseries and contains a variety of letters from individuals across the county interested in Virginia history and the historical marker program. Topics include historical inquiries, historical\nmarker inscriptions, investigation of the historical marker program by other states, and the Richmond Battlefield Park. Other topics include work of the Division during World War II, Shenandoah National Park,\nbirthplace of the Wright Brothers mother, and biographical information on Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode and Bryan Conrad.\n"," The History Division responded to general historical questions concerning Virginia history from historians, history buffs and students from every part of the country. Virginia's historical marker program was a\nmodel for other states and there are inquiries about the program from individuals from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, and West\nVirginia. Many of these letters provide detailed information about the marker system (Eckenrode to Douglas Arant, 31 August 1938) and a summary of how to install markers (Pleasants to Arthur Adams, 24 April 1931).\n"," This subseries is a great source of information on the creation of the\n Richmond Battlefield Park\n . Included is a booklet by Eckenrode titled \"History of the Richmond Battlefield Parks\" dated 23 February 1932, aerial photographs of the park taken in the early 1930s by the United States Army Air Corps as\nwell as correspondence, memorandums and reports on the creation of the park. Several maps of the battlefield from the early 1930s are filed under oversized. Additional information on the Richmond Battlefield Park\nis located with the correspondence of William E. Carson, Douglas Southall Freeman and Branch Spalding (Subseries B, Correspondence, Dead File).\n"," Correspondence with\n William A. Wright\n , chairman of the Virginia Conservation Commission (1942-1948) include a report on the work of the History Division during World War II (5 August 1947) and two memorandums from Eckenrode describing the\nDivision's plans and work during the war (12 August 1944 and March 1946). Information on the\n Shenandoah National Park\n  includes newspaper clippings, the dedication program of the park (3 July 1936), and three pamphlets: \"Shenandoah National Park Project\" (n.d.), \"A Brief History of the Beginning of the Movement for a\nNational Park in Northern Virginia - Now Known as the Shenandoah National Park\" (ca. 1934), and \"The Shenandoah National Park Travelogue\" (1937). Correspondence between Orville Wright and Wilbur Hall (1932-1933\nfiled under\n Wright Brothers\n ) concern the birthplace of Wright's mother in Virginia. Biographical information on Eckenrode (\n Rowland Egger\n ) and Conrad (\n P. Tulane Atkinson\n , 14 July1945) is also included. Other notable topics include the Bell Tower (\n John Garland Pollard\n , 26 February 1931, 11 October 1932), the State Seal (Pollard, 25 August 1931) and the\n Growth of the Conservation and Development Commission\n  (Box 13, Folder 9) that includes a brief history and newspaper clippings.\n"," Correspondents include William Sumner Appleton, John Stewart Bryan, Harry F. Byrd, Arthur Kyle Davis, Sr., E. Griffith Dodson, Dr. J.D. Eggleston, E.O. Flippen, Douglas Southall Freeman, Richard A. Gilliam,\nWilmer L. Hall, Douglas McArthur, John Garland Pollard, Branch Spalding, and William A. Wright.\n","This subseries is housed in 16 boxes and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent and subject. This subseries consists of incoming and outgoing correspondence from Division of History\nstaff members. Topics include the historical marker program, historical marker inscriptions, installation, and maintenance, published guide to historical markers, Richmond Battlefield Park, and reports of History\nDivision activities.\n","The most significant correspondence are between\n William E. Carson\n , chairman of the Virginia Conservation Commission from 1926 to 1934, and Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode. These letters provide insight into the development, administration and problems of the historical marker\nprogram. Other topics include the Richmond Battlefield Park. Topics of a personal nature include Carson's fall in 1933 and death in 1942 and Eckenrode's bachelorhood.\n","Notable correspondence concerning the historical marker program include letter to Carson from Eckenrode asking him to sooth Conrad's hurt feelings over mistakes Carson made in marker inscriptions (29 November\n1927); letter to Carson from Eckenrode describing delays in the installation of Lynchburg markers (11 March 1930); correspondence regarding marker orders and delivery problems (23 October 1933, 25 October 1933, 16\nFebruary 1934, 24 March 1934, 18 August 1934, and 20 August 1934); correspondence describing problems with marker maintenance (17 February 1933, 10 March 1933, 11 April 1933, 27 September 1933 and 7 October 1933).\n","Of note within the collection are correspondence describing the development of the Richmond Battlefield Park, especially between 1931 and 1934. Significant correspondence for 1931 include (5 January, 8 July, 9\nJuly, 10 July, 17 July, 21 July, 30 July, 14 August, 18 August, 19 August, 20 August, 4 September, 8 September, 8 December, 11 December, 17 December and 18 December); for 1932 (29 March, 15 April, 21 April, 26\nApril, 28 April, 2 May, 18 May, 10 August, 12 October, 13 October, 19 November, 21 November, and 14 December); for 1933 (22 May, 7 June, 14 July, 20 July, 24 July, 27 July, 4 August, 23 August, 8 September, 11\nSeptember, 15 September, 20 September, 11 October, 23 November, and 25 November); and for 1934 (10-13 January, 17 January, 7 February, 14 February, 15 February, 19 February, 12 March, 15-17 March, 10 April, 14\nMay, 16 May and 14 July).\n","Topics of a personal nature in the correspondence include Carson's fall, injury to his arm, and recovery in 1933 (12 August, 13 August, 16 August, 15 September, 18 October, 20 October, 23 October, 24 October,\nand 27 October) and Carson's poor health shortly before he died in 1942. Throughout their correspondence, Carson teased Eckenrode about being a bachelor and encouraged him to find a wife (10 September 1929, 6\nNovember 1929, 7 November 1929, 27 September 1930, 22 December 1930, and 10 June 1941).\n","The correspondence of\n Bryan Conrad\n , contain both business and personal letters, though most relate to his employment with the Division of History. Almost all of the office correspondence are between Conrad and Eckenrode. Topics include\nConrad's employment status (27 June 1927, 28 March 1929) and field work installing markers including weekly reports (1927-1928). Personal letters between Conrad and his sister, Carter Bryan Conrad of Washington,\nD.C., are also included within Conrad's office correspondence. Topics include Conrad's divorce (19 October 1932), family and politics (8 May 1933, 19 September 1933, 9 January 1934, 6 December 1934). Also included\nare Conrad's personal correspondence, including a letter to Carter Bryan Conrad regarding the Edith Maxwell case and Franklin D. Roosevelt (17 November 1937), and correspondence with his daughter, Georgia Conrad\n(15 March 1935, 20 September 1935 and 18 May 1936 newspaper clipping).\n","Correspondence between\n Douglas Southall Freeman\n  and Eckenrode include Freeman's comments on marker inscriptions. Additional correspondence discuss the Richmond Battlefield Park (20 June 1933, 21 June 1933, 7 July 1933, 10 July 1933, 21 August 1933, 18\nSeptember 1933, 22 September 1933, 23 September 1933, 25 September 1933, 23 November 1933, 15 January 1934, 25 January 1934 and 5 February 1934).\n","Wilbur C. Hall\n  was chairman of the Conservation Commission from 1935 to 1939. Topics included in correspondence between Hall and Eckenrode are the Richmond Battlefield Park (23 February 1935, 6 April 1935 and 11 June\n1935) and the WPA Historical Inventory Project (28 May 1936, 20 August 1937 and 4 December 1937).\n","The correspondence of\n M.F. Pleasants\n , Field Assistant for the Division of History, describe the installation and maintenance of the historical markers. Additional information can be found under the headings\n Highway Department and Markers\n .\n","Also of note is a typed 17 page transcript of the diary of Dr. John Waller Reins describing his ocean voyage from Norfolk, Virginia, to California, between 2 April 1849 and May 1849, filed with the\ncorrespondence of\n Mrs. Harris E. Willlingham\n  and reports of the Division's work during World War II (\n Virginia World War II History\n ).\n","Additional correspondents include E. Griffith Dodson, Elmer O. Flippin, Dr. H.R. McIlwaine, N. Clarence Smith, Branch Spalding, and Dr. E.G. Swem.\n","The Virginia War History Project series is housed in 10 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Counties and Cities. The series consists of\nbooklets, correspondence, lists, newspaper clippings, newsletters, pamphlets, photographs, programs, reports, and rosters.\n","In September 1942 the Virginia Conservation Commission's Division of History and Archaeology, under the direction of Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, began a war records collection program. Unable to continue the\nDivision of History's historical marker program because of wartime rationing, Eckenrode sought to \"record the history of the Old Dominion's war effort while the history is still fresh in the making, rather than\nwait until after the war when the events and details would be more obscured.\" The Conservation Commission began a correspondence program in which a non-salaried correspondent from each locality sent reports about\nlocal war activities and local effects and reaction to the war. The local correspondents also assisted the Virginia World War II History Commission with its' questionnaire, \"Personal War Service Record of\nVirginia's Ward Dead\" completed by the next of kin of Virginia's deceased servicemen.\n","Most of the information in this series contains correspondence reports on local wartime conditions in Virginia from local correspondents mainly during 1943 with a few from 1944 and 1945. Topics include local\nopinion and reaction to war events and news, rosters of local service men and women, activities of local organizations, economic conditions and religious conditions. Unfortunately, the quantity and quality of\nthese reports varied widely. Many only submitted a few reports. However, other localities submitted a substantial number of records. In addition, there are correspondence between the History Division and local\ncorrespondents related to the administration of the \"Personal War Service Record of Virginia's War Dead\" questionnaire on behalf of the Virginia World War II History Commission. These records were transferred to\nthe Virginia World War II History Commission and are part of Record Group 68, accession 24805. A few localities submitted casualty lists.\n","This subseries is housed in 9 boxes and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by county. This subseries consists of incoming correspondence and reports from local correspondents and replies from\nDivision of History staff members. A few also include newspaper clippings about local soldiers and events. The bulk of the reports cover portions of 1943 and some 1944. The quality and frequency of the reports\nvaried widely. Notable county reports include Arlington County (clippings from Washington, D.C. newspapers), Bedford County (reports on D-Day, 6-8 June 1944), Buchanan County, Buckingham County (1942-1943 issues\nof Seabees Buzz), Dinwiddie County (reaction to the war by Camp Lee service men, ca. 1944), Essex County (critical attitude), Fluvanna County, Halifax County, Henry County, Isle of Wight County, Loudoun County,\nNelson County, Patrick County, Prince William County, Stafford County (including \"Story of Stafford Evacuation\" by Elizabeth Russell Powers, describing removal of 650 families for enlargement of Marine Base at\nQuantico in 1942), and Surry County.\n","A few localities (Alleghany County, Franklin County, Giles County, Prince George County, Sussex County and Wise County) also gathered biographical information about soldiers often listing the soldiers name,\nage, physical description, name of parents, residence, education, marital status, and a brief military record. A few records include newspaper clippings and photographs.\n","This subseries is housed in 1 box and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by city. This subseries consists of incoming correspondence and reports from local correspondents and replies from Division\nof History staff members. Very few localities submitted any reports. Most of the correspondence concerns the collection of \"Personal War Service Record of Virginia's Ward Dead\".\n","The Graves of Distinguished Virginians Project series is housed in 5 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Correspondence and County\nFiles. The series consists of correspondence, lists, maps, newspaper clippings, and reports.\n","In October 1944 the Virginia Conservation Commission's Division of History began a \"Graves of Distinguished Virginians\" Project. Funded by a $2000 appropriation of the General Assembly, the project's goals was\nto identify and, if necessary, mark such graves. The bulk of the work on this project was between 1946 and 1948.\n","This subseries is housed in 3 boxes and one oversize box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent with some correspondence and topics separated out. The series consists primarily of correspondence\nbetween Division of History staff members, Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, Bryan Conrad and J.R.V. Daniel and interested citizens concerning the graves of distinguished Virginians. Topics include: tombstone\ninscriptions and information on the location of graves.\n","This subseries is housed in 3 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by locality. The series consists of lists of distinguished Virginians buried in each locality and an approximate location of their grave. A few\nlocalities include tombstone inscriptions and newspaper clippings about the project.\n","The Records series is housed in 7 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged into two subseries. Subseries have been designated for Reference Files and The Hornbook of Virginia History. The series\nconsists of correspondence, minutes, newspapers, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, photographs, postcards and scrapbooks.\n","This subseries is housed in 4 boxes and two oversize folders and is arranged alphabetically by subject or correspondent. The series consists primarily of topical reference files. Notable subjects include: Bell\nTower, Covered Bridges in Virginia (including some photographs and WPA Historical Inventory Forms), Division of History and Archaeology (organization and reports), and George Washington. The material on Washington\nincludes several issues of Clip Sheet, published by the United States George Washington Bicentennial Commission. In addition to the subject files, the subseries also consists of correspondence between Division of\nHistory staff members, Dr. Hamilton J. Eckenrode, Bryan Conrad and J.R.V. Daniel and individuals concerning the Division's work. It is unknown why these correspondence were separated from the main Correspondence\nFile (Series I.). Notable correspondents include: W. Edwin Hemphill and Alexander Weddell.\n","This series is housed in 3 boxes and includes information on the publication of The Hornbook of Virginia History by the Virginia Department of Conservation and Development, Division of History in 1949. Notable\nrecords include: minutes of the 21 March 1947 meeting of the History Advisory Committee, correspondence, comments and revisions to brief Virginia histories written by Everard Kidder Meade and H.J. Eckenrode,\nreviews, scrapbook, and requests for copies.\n","The Historical Material is housed in 17 boxes with oversized material separated and is arranged alphabetically by county followed by a separate section of newspapers and magazines arranged by sections. City\nhistorical material is interfiled with the nearest county. For example City of Richmond material is filed with Henrico County. A 3x5 card files provides a rough topical index to the collection. The series consists\nof historical sketches, maps, newspaper clippings, pamphlets and photographs.\n","Contents include historical data on counties and information on historic sites and places of each interest within each locality. Notable records include two photographs from the Great Dismal Swamp. The first\nphotograph shows gnarled cypress roots in Lake Drummond, near Norfolk (no date); the second, dated 1899, shows the locomobile of John Wallace, Norfolk, the \"first motor vehicle other than by electric power\"\n(Norfolk County, Box 103, Folder 1). Other items of interest include:\n The Spirit of Orange: A Pageant Portraying a Few High Points of Orange County History in Relation to Local, National and International Affairs\n , 3 May 1930, official program for forty-third annual reunion of Confederate Veterans, in Orange, 16-18 September 1930 (Box 103, Folder 4);\n Glen Mary: Past and Present\n  by A.V.S. Milbourne, 1935, photograph of commissioners and historians at Skyland, including W.E. Carson and Harry F. Byrd, (Page County, Box 103, Folder 5); newspaper clippings concerning the case of Odell\nWaller, a Pittsylvania County sharecropper executed for murder on 2 July 1942 (Box 103, Folder 6); photographs of Wanda Hawley, a silent motion picture actress, Helen Wainwright, Olympic swimming and diving\nchampion, and Helen Hentschel, an outboard motor boat racer, at Virginia Beach, Princess Anne County, n.d. (Box 104, Folder 3);and\n Directory of Surry County, Virginia\n , 1932-1933 compiled by Gordon C. Berryman (Box 105, Folder 9).\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Collection, Department of Conservation and Economic Development (Record Group 18)\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Collection, Department of Conservation and Economic Development (Record Group 18)\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":1299,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:54:27.485Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00960_c01_c01_c65_c01"}},{"id":"vi_vi01214_c110","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Zeigler, A. W. - Planting Plan, Hartsville, Sc.\n8/19/1976","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01214_c110#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01214_c110#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi01214_c110","ref_ssm":["vi_vi01214_c110"],"id":"vi_vi01214_c110","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01214","_root_":"vi_vi01214","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01214","parent_ssi":"vi_vi01214","parent_ssim":["vi_vi01214"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi01214"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James T. Buck, Landscape Architectural Drawings and Plans,\n1966-1984"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James T. Buck, Landscape Architectural Drawings and Plans,\n1966-1984"],"text":["James T. Buck, Landscape Architectural Drawings and Plans,\n1966-1984","Zeigler, A. W. - Planting Plan, Hartsville, Sc.\n8/19/1976","Dimensions: 70 x 103.5 cm.; Scale: 1/8\" = 1'; Media: Paper and pencil; Sheets: 1;","folder 70"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zeigler, A. W. - Planting Plan, Hartsville, Sc.\n 8/19/1976\n","title_ssm":["Zeigler, A. W. - Planting Plan, Hartsville, Sc.\n8/19/1976"],"title_tesim":["Zeigler, A. W. - Planting Plan, Hartsville, Sc.\n8/19/1976"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zeigler, A. W. - Planting Plan, Hartsville, Sc.\n8/19/1976"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["James T. Buck, Landscape Architectural Drawings and Plans,\n1966-1984"],"physdesc_tesim":["Dimensions: 70 x 103.5 cm.; Scale: 1/8\" = 1'; Media: Paper and pencil; Sheets: 1;"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":110,"containers_ssim":["folder 70"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":[" Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"],"_nest_path_":"/components#109","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:38:55.545Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi01214","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01214","_root_":"vi_vi01214","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01214","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01214.xml","title_ssm":["James T. Buck, Landscape Architectural Drawings and Plans,\n1966-1984"],"title_tesim":["James T. Buck, Landscape Architectural Drawings and Plans,\n1966-1984"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["41326\n"],"text":["41326\n","James T. Buck, Landscape Architectural Drawings and Plans,\n1966-1984","Consists of 133 sheets of mostly pencil on paper and some Diazotypes (96.5 x 125 cm. and smaller).","Collection is open to research.\n","Arranged alphabetically by client name with unidentified drawings at the end.\n","James T. Buck graduated from the University of Massachusetts. A long-time assistant to well-known Virginia landscape architect Charles F. Gillette, Buck was the last in a host of professionals employed by\nGillette. After his 1956-1967 stint with Gillette, Buck opened his own firm in Richmond, Virginia.\n","This accession consists of some of the surviving drawings and plans from the landscape architecture firm of James T. Buck. The format of most of the drawings is pencil on tracing paper, however, some Diazoprint\nduplicates and single copies are included in the collection. No corresponding client files, financial, or other business records are extant.\n","These drawings and a number of Buck's commissions were continuations of projects undertaken by his previous employer, Charles F. Gillette. Gillette died in 1967, and Buck completed or altered projects for Gillette's former clients. The style of the drawings are very similar to those produced in Gillette's office.\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect; Huff and Morris, Architects, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: [James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia]\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright \u0026 Partners, Architects; James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright and Partners, Architects, Crozet House, 100 E. Main St., Richmond, Virginia 23219\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Mastin Associates, Architects, 2964 Peachtree Rd. NW, Atlanta, GA 30305\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Howard Needles Tammen \u0026 Bergendoff, Consulting Engineers; Marcellus Wright Cox Climberg \u0026 Ladd, Architects, Richmond\n"," Drawn By: Oliver Smith Cooke and Lindner, Architects, Virginia Beach and Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright and Partners, Architects; James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright Cox Cilimberg and Ladd, 1501 North Hamilton Street, Richmond, Virginia 23230\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright and Partners, Architects; James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright Cox \u0026 Climberg, Architecture, Planning, and Interior Design\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright Cox \u0026 Climberg, Architecture, Planning, and Interior Design\n"," Drawn By: Howard Needles Tammen \u0026 Bergendoff, Consulting Engineers; Marcellus Wright Cox Climberg \u0026 Ladd, Architects, Richmond\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: [James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia]\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia; G. Richard Brown, Thomas A. Gresham- Associated Architects\n"," Drawn By: [James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia]\n","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["41326\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James T. Buck, Landscape Architectural Drawings and Plans,\n1966-1984"],"collection_title_tesim":["James T. Buck, Landscape Architectural Drawings and Plans,\n1966-1984"],"collection_ssim":["James T. Buck, Landscape Architectural Drawings and Plans,\n1966-1984"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Shelley Arthur, Richmond, Virginia, 11 May 2004.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Consists of 133 sheets of mostly pencil on paper and some Diazotypes (96.5 x 125 cm. and smaller)."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by client name with unidentified drawings at the end.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged alphabetically by client name with unidentified drawings at the end.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames T. Buck graduated from the University of Massachusetts. A long-time assistant to well-known Virginia landscape architect Charles F. Gillette, Buck was the last in a host of professionals employed by\nGillette. After his 1956-1967 stint with Gillette, Buck opened his own firm in Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["James T. Buck graduated from the University of Massachusetts. A long-time assistant to well-known Virginia landscape architect Charles F. Gillette, Buck was the last in a host of professionals employed by\nGillette. After his 1956-1967 stint with Gillette, Buck opened his own firm in Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames T. Buck, Landscape architectural drawings and plans, 1966-1984. Accession 41326, Business records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["James T. Buck, Landscape architectural drawings and plans, 1966-1984. Accession 41326, Business records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis accession consists of some of the surviving drawings and plans from the landscape architecture firm of James T. Buck. The format of most of the drawings is pencil on tracing paper, however, some Diazoprint\nduplicates and single copies are included in the collection. No corresponding client files, financial, or other business records are extant.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese drawings and a number of Buck's commissions were continuations of projects undertaken by his previous employer, Charles F. Gillette. Gillette died in 1967, and Buck completed or altered projects for Gillette's former clients. The style of the drawings are very similar to those produced in Gillette's office.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Drawn By: James T. 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Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright \u0026 Partners, Architects; James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright and Partners, Architects, Crozet House, 100 E. Main St., Richmond, Virginia 23219\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Mastin Associates, Architects, 2964 Peachtree Rd. NW, Atlanta, GA 30305\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Howard Needles Tammen \u0026 Bergendoff, Consulting Engineers; Marcellus Wright Cox Climberg \u0026 Ladd, Architects, Richmond\n"," Drawn By: Oliver Smith Cooke and Lindner, Architects, Virginia Beach and Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright and Partners, Architects; James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright Cox Cilimberg and Ladd, 1501 North Hamilton Street, Richmond, Virginia 23230\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright and Partners, Architects; James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright Cox \u0026 Climberg, Architecture, Planning, and Interior Design\n"," Drawn By: Marcellus Wright Cox \u0026 Climberg, Architecture, Planning, and Interior Design\n"," Drawn By: Howard Needles Tammen \u0026 Bergendoff, Consulting Engineers; Marcellus Wright Cox Climberg \u0026 Ladd, Architects, Richmond\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia\n"," Drawn By: James T. 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Buck, Landscape Architect, Richmond, Virginia]\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":115,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:38:55.545Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01214_c110"}},{"id":"vi_vi02752_c01_c770","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zeigler, Daniel G. (South Carolina)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02752_c01_c770#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi02752_c01_c770","ref_ssm":["vi_vi02752_c01_c770"],"id":"vi_vi02752_c01_c770","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02752","_root_":"vi_vi02752","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02752_c01","parent_ssi":"vi_vi02752_c01","parent_ssim":["vi_vi02752","vi_vi02752_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi02752","vi_vi02752_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Wells Research Notes, \n1871-2006","Series I. Architect lists and card files, \nn.d."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Wells Research Notes, \n1871-2006","Series I. Architect lists and card files, \nn.d."],"text":["John Wells Research Notes, \n1871-2006","Series I. Architect lists and card files, \nn.d.","Zeigler, Daniel G. (South Carolina)","box 9","folder 45"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zeigler, Daniel G. (South Carolina)","title_ssm":["Zeigler, Daniel G. (South Carolina)"],"title_tesim":["Zeigler, Daniel G. (South Carolina)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zeigler, Daniel G. (South Carolina)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["John Wells Research Notes, \n1871-2006"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":771,"containers_ssim":["box 9","folder 45"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#769","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:44:43.246Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02752","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02752","_root_":"vi_vi02752","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02752","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02752.xml","title_ssm":["John Wells Research Notes, \n1871-2006"],"title_tesim":["John Wells Research Notes, \n1871-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["43293\n"],"text":["43293\n","John Wells Research Notes, \n1871-2006","26.7 cu. ft.","There are no restrictions.\n","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I.  Architect lists and card files, n.d. Series II.  Manufacturers Record, 1890-1948 Series III.  Miscellaneous notes, 1871-2006 Series IV.  Architectural drawings, 1906-1982","Arranged alphabetically by architect within each state.","The majority of this series is arranged alphabetically by state.  Boxes 16-20 are arranged chronologically.","Arranged alphabetically.","Arranged alphabetically.","Born in Martinsville, Virginia, on August 17, 1954, John Emory Wells (1954-2007), was the son of Rev. Lynwood D. Wells Sr. of Martinsville, Virginia, and Mary Jay Speer Wells. He was a graduate of Martinsville High School and the University of Virginia School of Architecture. Wells was employed by the Virginia Landmarks Division from 1985 to 2000 as an Architectural Historian and by the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) as a District Preservation Manager from 2000 until his death in 2007. John Wells also co-authored two books on architectural history,  The Virginia Architects, 1835-1955  and  The South Carolina Architects, 1885-1935 .\n","Research notes, 1871-2006, of architectural historian John Emory Wells (1954-2007) of Richmond, Virginia.  The collection is principally comprised of materials collected by Wells from which he used to co-author two biographical dictionaries, entitled  The Virginia Architects, 1835-1955  and  The South Carolina Architects, 1885-1935 .  The collection also contains notes on architects who practiced in several other states, these include Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia (DC), Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Texas, and West Virginia.  The collection also includes a large extent of notes from the  Manufacturer's Record , as well as many other documents, including clippings, correspondence, notes, photographs, and architectural drawings. \n","Series I. includes lists of architects taken from newspaper clippings, city directories, and other publications. These lists include architects who practiced in the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia (DC), Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia.","Series II. Includes clippings taken from the self-titled serial, which documented the development of manufacturing and industry in the South in the early to mid-twentieth century.","Series III. I Includes a variety of materials collected by Wells in his architectural research ventures. These include correspondence, clippings, notes, photographs, etc.","Series IV. Architectural drawings, 1906-1982. Includes drawings mostly drafted by Wells, but contains a few outliers.","There are no restrictions.\n","","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["43293\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Wells Research Notes, \n1871-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Wells Research Notes, \n1871-2006"],"collection_ssim":["John Wells Research Notes, \n1871-2006"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["John Emory Wells\n"],"creator_ssim":["John Emory Wells\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Lynwood D. Wells on 28 June 2007\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["26.7 cu. ft."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I.  Architect lists and card files, n.d.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries II.  Manufacturers Record, 1890-1948\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries III.  Miscellaneous notes, 1871-2006\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IV.  Architectural drawings, 1906-1982\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by architect within each state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of this series is arranged alphabetically by state.  Boxes 16-20 are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I.  Architect lists and card files, n.d. Series II.  Manufacturers Record, 1890-1948 Series III.  Miscellaneous notes, 1871-2006 Series IV.  Architectural drawings, 1906-1982","Arranged alphabetically by architect within each state.","The majority of this series is arranged alphabetically by state.  Boxes 16-20 are arranged chronologically.","Arranged alphabetically.","Arranged alphabetically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Martinsville, Virginia, on August 17, 1954, John Emory Wells (1954-2007), was the son of Rev. Lynwood D. Wells Sr. of Martinsville, Virginia, and Mary Jay Speer Wells. He was a graduate of Martinsville High School and the University of Virginia School of Architecture. Wells was employed by the Virginia Landmarks Division from 1985 to 2000 as an Architectural Historian and by the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) as a District Preservation Manager from 2000 until his death in 2007. John Wells also co-authored two books on architectural history, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Virginia Architects, 1835-1955\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe South Carolina Architects, 1885-1935\u003c/title\u003e.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Martinsville, Virginia, on August 17, 1954, John Emory Wells (1954-2007), was the son of Rev. Lynwood D. Wells Sr. of Martinsville, Virginia, and Mary Jay Speer Wells. He was a graduate of Martinsville High School and the University of Virginia School of Architecture. Wells was employed by the Virginia Landmarks Division from 1985 to 2000 as an Architectural Historian and by the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) as a District Preservation Manager from 2000 until his death in 2007. John Wells also co-authored two books on architectural history,  The Virginia Architects, 1835-1955  and  The South Carolina Architects, 1885-1935 .\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Wells Research Notes, 1871-2006. Accession 43293. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["John Wells Research Notes, 1871-2006. Accession 43293. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearch notes, 1871-2006, of architectural historian John Emory Wells (1954-2007) of Richmond, Virginia.  The collection is principally comprised of materials collected by Wells from which he used to co-author two biographical dictionaries, entitled \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Virginia Architects, 1835-1955\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe South Carolina Architects, 1885-1935\u003c/title\u003e.  The collection also contains notes on architects who practiced in several other states, these include Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia (DC), Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Texas, and West Virginia.  The collection also includes a large extent of notes from the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eManufacturer's Record\u003c/title\u003e, as well as many other documents, including clippings, correspondence, notes, photographs, and architectural drawings. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. includes lists of architects taken from newspaper clippings, city directories, and other publications. These lists include architects who practiced in the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia (DC), Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Includes clippings taken from the self-titled serial, which documented the development of manufacturing and industry in the South in the early to mid-twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. I Includes a variety of materials collected by Wells in his architectural research ventures. These include correspondence, clippings, notes, photographs, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Architectural drawings, 1906-1982. Includes drawings mostly drafted by Wells, but contains a few outliers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Research notes, 1871-2006, of architectural historian John Emory Wells (1954-2007) of Richmond, Virginia.  The collection is principally comprised of materials collected by Wells from which he used to co-author two biographical dictionaries, entitled  The Virginia Architects, 1835-1955  and  The South Carolina Architects, 1885-1935 .  The collection also contains notes on architects who practiced in several other states, these include Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia (DC), Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Texas, and West Virginia.  The collection also includes a large extent of notes from the  Manufacturer's Record , as well as many other documents, including clippings, correspondence, notes, photographs, and architectural drawings. \n","Series I. includes lists of architects taken from newspaper clippings, city directories, and other publications. These lists include architects who practiced in the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia (DC), Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia.","Series II. Includes clippings taken from the self-titled serial, which documented the development of manufacturing and industry in the South in the early to mid-twentieth century.","Series III. I Includes a variety of materials collected by Wells in his architectural research ventures. These include correspondence, clippings, notes, photographs, etc.","Series IV. Architectural drawings, 1906-1982. Includes drawings mostly drafted by Wells, but contains a few outliers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"/\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":[""],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":1858,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:44:43.246Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02752_c01_c770"}},{"id":"vi_vi04247_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Journals, \n1985-2008.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04247_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi04247_c01","ref_ssm":["vi_vi04247_c01"],"id":"vi_vi04247_c01","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04247","_root_":"vi_vi04247","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04247","parent_ssi":"vi_vi04247","parent_ssim":["vi_vi04247"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi04247"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"text":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008","Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Journals, \n1985-2008."],"title_filing_ssi":"Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Journals, \n 1985-2008 .","title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Journals, \n1985-2008."],"title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Journals, \n1985-2008."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Journals, \n1985-2008."],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":134,"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"sort_isi":1,"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:38:26.694Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi04247","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04247","_root_":"vi_vi04247","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04247","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04247.xml","title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["45328\n"],"text":["45328\n","Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008","21 reels","There are no restrictions.\n","Zelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n","Journals, 1985-2008, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of abstracts of books, articles, columns, reviews, and other writings from newspapers, magazines, books, and essays covering a wide range of topics including women and society; sex, sexual roles, and sexual violence; violence, including gang, gun, and drug violence; politics, including finance and corruption; health care costs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security; liberalism and conservatism; the military; religion, including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism; terrorism; Richmond and Virginia; and other subjects.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["45328\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger\n"],"creator_ssim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Lent for copying by Sharon Nordlinger, New York, New York.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["21 reels"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, 1985-2008. Accession 45328. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, 1985-2008. Accession 45328. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJournals, 1985-2008, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of abstracts of books, articles, columns, reviews, and other writings from newspapers, magazines, books, and essays covering a wide range of topics including women and society; sex, sexual roles, and sexual violence; violence, including gang, gun, and drug violence; politics, including finance and corruption; health care costs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security; liberalism and conservatism; the military; religion, including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism; terrorism; Richmond and Virginia; and other subjects.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Journals, 1985-2008, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of abstracts of books, articles, columns, reviews, and other writings from newspapers, magazines, books, and essays covering a wide range of topics including women and society; sex, sexual roles, and sexual violence; violence, including gang, gun, and drug violence; politics, including finance and corruption; health care costs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security; liberalism and conservatism; the military; religion, including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism; terrorism; Richmond and Virginia; and other subjects.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":135,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:38:26.694Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04247_c01"}},{"id":"vi_vi04247","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04247#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04247#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eJournals, 1985-2008, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of abstracts of books, articles, columns, reviews, and other writings from newspapers, magazines, books, and essays covering a wide range of topics including women and society; sex, sexual roles, and sexual violence; violence, including gang, gun, and drug violence; politics, including finance and corruption; health care costs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security; liberalism and conservatism; the military; religion, including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism; terrorism; Richmond and Virginia; and other subjects. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04247#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi04247","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04247","_root_":"vi_vi04247","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04247","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04247.xml","title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["45328\n"],"text":["45328\n","Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008","21 reels","There are no restrictions.\n","Zelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n","Journals, 1985-2008, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of abstracts of books, articles, columns, reviews, and other writings from newspapers, magazines, books, and essays covering a wide range of topics including women and society; sex, sexual roles, and sexual violence; violence, including gang, gun, and drug violence; politics, including finance and corruption; health care costs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security; liberalism and conservatism; the military; religion, including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism; terrorism; Richmond and Virginia; and other subjects.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["45328\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger\n"],"creator_ssim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Lent for copying by Sharon Nordlinger, New York, New York.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["21 reels"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, 1985-2008. Accession 45328. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, 1985-2008. Accession 45328. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJournals, 1985-2008, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of abstracts of books, articles, columns, reviews, and other writings from newspapers, magazines, books, and essays covering a wide range of topics including women and society; sex, sexual roles, and sexual violence; violence, including gang, gun, and drug violence; politics, including finance and corruption; health care costs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security; liberalism and conservatism; the military; religion, including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism; terrorism; Richmond and Virginia; and other subjects.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Journals, 1985-2008, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of abstracts of books, articles, columns, reviews, and other writings from newspapers, magazines, books, and essays covering a wide range of topics including women and society; sex, sexual roles, and sexual violence; violence, including gang, gun, and drug violence; politics, including finance and corruption; health care costs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security; liberalism and conservatism; the military; religion, including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism; terrorism; Richmond and Virginia; and other subjects.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":135,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:38:26.694Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi04247","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04247","_root_":"vi_vi04247","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04247","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04247.xml","title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["45328\n"],"text":["45328\n","Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008","21 reels","There are no restrictions.\n","Zelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n","Journals, 1985-2008, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of abstracts of books, articles, columns, reviews, and other writings from newspapers, magazines, books, and essays covering a wide range of topics including women and society; sex, sexual roles, and sexual violence; violence, including gang, gun, and drug violence; politics, including finance and corruption; health care costs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security; liberalism and conservatism; the military; religion, including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism; terrorism; Richmond and Virginia; and other subjects.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["45328\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, \n1985-2008"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger\n"],"creator_ssim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Lent for copying by Sharon Nordlinger, New York, New York.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["21 reels"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, 1985-2008. Accession 45328. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger journals, 1985-2008. Accession 45328. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJournals, 1985-2008, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of abstracts of books, articles, columns, reviews, and other writings from newspapers, magazines, books, and essays covering a wide range of topics including women and society; sex, sexual roles, and sexual violence; violence, including gang, gun, and drug violence; politics, including finance and corruption; health care costs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security; liberalism and conservatism; the military; religion, including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism; terrorism; Richmond and Virginia; and other subjects.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Journals, 1985-2008, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of abstracts of books, articles, columns, reviews, and other writings from newspapers, magazines, books, and essays covering a wide range of topics including women and society; sex, sexual roles, and sexual violence; violence, including gang, gun, and drug violence; politics, including finance and corruption; health care costs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Social Security; liberalism and conservatism; the military; religion, including Christianity, Islam, and Judaism; terrorism; Richmond and Virginia; and other subjects.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":135,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:38:26.694Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04247"}},{"id":"vi_vi01141","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01141#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1970-2007, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of articles, bills, biographies, campaign buttons, church bulletins, circular letters, civil actions, clippings, essays, letters, lists, newsletters, newspapers, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, resolutions, and speeches relating to Nordlinger's activities as a member of the Women's Liberation movement and the National Organization for Women (NOW). \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01141#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi01141","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01141","_root_":"vi_vi01141","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01141","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01141.xml","title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007"],"title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["31719, 44035, 45329\n"],"text":["31719, 44035, 45329\n","Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007","2.5 cubic feet","Collection is open to research.\n","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I: Personal Papers containing Correspondence, 1970-2006; Statements, Speeches, and Writings; Biographical Information; Notes; Financial papers, 1984-1989; and miscellaneous personal papers. Series II: Suits and Complaints. Series III: Subject files. Series IV: Articles. Series V: Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007. Series VI: Magazines and Newsletters. VII: Organization Papers. Series VIII: Miscellaneous Papers. Series IX: Political Campaign Buttons.","Chronological.\n\t\t","Chronological\n","Zelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n","Papers, 1970-2007, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of articles, bills, biographies, campaign buttons, church bulletins, circular letters, civil actions, clippings, essays, letters, lists, newsletters, newspapers, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, resolutions, and speeches relating to Nordlinger's activities as a member of the Women's Liberation movement and the National Organization for Women (NOW).\n","Series I: Personal papers consist of subseries A: Correspondence, 1970-2006; subseries B: Biographical Information; subseries C: Statements, Speeches, and Writings; subseries D: Notes; subseries E: Financial Papers, 1984-1989; and subseries F: Miscellaneous Personal Papers.\n","Correspondence, 1970-2006, contains letters between Zelda Nordlinger and other women active in the women's rights movement at the local, state and national levels, discussing meetings, demonstrations, and other plans to advance women's rights, including her successful efforts to integrate the Thalhimer's Soup Bar in Richmond. Also includes correspondence with businesses and individuals regarding women in the workplace and sexism in educational materials. Also contains correspondence with members of the Virginia general assembly and the United States Congress urging their support for the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), and other legislation concerning women, including child care, rape, welfare, and abortion. Also includes letters to the  Richmond Times-Dispatch ,  Playboy , and other publications concerning women's rights and issues.\n\t\t","Biographical information contains information about Nordlinger written by her and others.\n\t\t","Statements, Speeches, and Writings concern women's rights, the Equal Rights Amendment, abortion, the media, politics, sexism, and welfare, including stories on integrating the Thalhimer's Soup Bar and on Richmond mayor and Congressman Thomas J. Bliley.\n\t\t","Notes consist of notes made by Nordlinger regarding women's rights, abortion, politics, as well as women and literature, religion, and psychology. \n\t\t","Financial Papers, 1984-1989 consist of acounts of and copies of checks to Nordlinger from Metropolitan Communciations and the Virginian-Pilot and Ledger-Star.\n\t\t","Miscellaneous Personal papers consist of medical information containing information on prescriptions for Martin and Zelda Nordlinger, as well as copies of the Folstein mini-mental state examination; Meyers-Briggs Test contains results for Zelda and Martin Nordlinger; and certificate, 29 June 2003, for Zelda Nordlinger as Correspondent of the Day for the  Richmond Times-Dispatch .\n\t\t","Suits and Complaints contains lawsuit papers against the Southwestern General Life Insurance Company and the  Richmond Times-Dispatch  for sex discrimination, particularly the  Times-Dispatch's  policy of segregating want ads into male and female, and also a complaint against the Richmond City Public Schools for sex discrimination in athletics.\n"," Subject files contain clippings and articles discussing the media and clippings, articles, and notes concerning feminism and militarism from the late 19th century until the present.\n","Articles consist of journal and magazine articles, as well as book excerpts concerning women focusing on abortion, art, education, employment and labor, family relations, the feminist movement, literature, gender issues, politics, pornography, religion, reproductive issues, science, sex, and relationship between wives and husbands. Includes articles by Betty Friedan, Germaine Greer, and Shere Hite.\n"," Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007, contains clippings from newspapers and magazines discussing Nordlinger, the feminist movement in Richmond, NOW, the Equal Rights Amendment, and sex discrimination. Articles also concern women's issues and women's rights at the national, state and local levels. Topics covered by these clippings include education, employment, feminism, gay and lesbian rights, marriage and spousal relations, pornography, religion, sex and sexuality, women in politics, women's history, women's rights, as well as the efforts to have women admitted into the Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia) and the Citadel (Charleston, South Carolina). Includes clippings from the  Richmond Times-Dispatch , the  New York Times , and the  Washington Post .\n","Magazines and Newsletters consist of magazines and newsletters related to the feminist movement, NOW, leftist politics, human rights, reproductive rights, and international peace organizations.\n","Organization Papers contain circular letters, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, and other printed materials from the ACLU, Coal Employment Project, Emily's List, the Feminist Majority Foundation, NOW, Planned Parenthood, Richmond Coalition for Choice, Richmond Human Rights Coalition, the Virginia Commission on the Status of Women, Virginia Equal Rights Amendment Ratification Council, Virginia Religious Coalition for Abortion Rights, the Virginia Women's Political Caucus, the Woman Activist, and the Women's Resource Center. Collection also contains a bulletin from a pro-choice service at the First Unitarian Church (Richmond, Virginia).\n","Miscellaneous Papers include copies of legislative bills and resolutions concerning possible legislation on women's issues; brochures on conferences for women's issues and studies, employment and business, education, prisons, and Cuba; brochures on women's programs at the University of Richmond and at Wellesley College; book catalogs and order forms; miscellaneous papers concerning women, politics, insurance, and self defense; EBay auction information for the July 1972 issue of  Ms. Magazine ; list of women activists in the Richmond area; ads for Seagram's wine coolers and for bondage and domination equipment and videos; an i.q. test; miscellaneous printed materials containing anecdotes and fliers concerning women's issues; bumber stickers that say \"Crater;\" and business and calling cards.\n","Political Campaign Buttons contain political campaign buttons from the late 1960s to the 1990s for political campaigns at the state and national levels. Also contains buttons advocating various causes.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["31719, 44035, 45329\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger, Richmond, Virginia, 21 January 1983. Gift of Samuel Markel, executor of the estate of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger, Richmond, Virginia, 7 July 2008. Gift of Sharon Nordlinger, New York, New York 1 January 2011.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2.5 cubic feet"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I: Personal Papers containing Correspondence, 1970-2006; Statements, Speeches, and Writings; Biographical Information; Notes; Financial papers, 1984-1989; and miscellaneous personal papers.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries II: Suits and Complaints.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries III: Subject files.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IV: Articles.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries V: Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VI: Magazines and Newsletters.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eVII: Organization Papers.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VIII: Miscellaneous Papers.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IX: Political Campaign Buttons.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I: Personal Papers containing Correspondence, 1970-2006; Statements, Speeches, and Writings; Biographical Information; Notes; Financial papers, 1984-1989; and miscellaneous personal papers. Series II: Suits and Complaints. Series III: Subject files. Series IV: Articles. Series V: Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007. Series VI: Magazines and Newsletters. VII: Organization Papers. Series VIII: Miscellaneous Papers. Series IX: Political Campaign Buttons.","Chronological.\n\t\t","Chronological\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2007. Accession 31719, 44035. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2007. Accession 31719, 44035. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1970-2007, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of articles, bills, biographies, campaign buttons, church bulletins, circular letters, civil actions, clippings, essays, letters, lists, newsletters, newspapers, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, resolutions, and speeches relating to Nordlinger's activities as a member of the Women's Liberation movement and the National Organization for Women (NOW).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Personal papers consist of subseries A: Correspondence, 1970-2006; subseries B: Biographical Information; subseries C: Statements, Speeches, and Writings; subseries D: Notes; subseries E: Financial Papers, 1984-1989; and subseries F: Miscellaneous Personal Papers.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1970-2006, contains letters between Zelda Nordlinger and other women active in the women's rights movement at the local, state and national levels, discussing meetings, demonstrations, and other plans to advance women's rights, including her successful efforts to integrate the Thalhimer's Soup Bar in Richmond. Also includes correspondence with businesses and individuals regarding women in the workplace and sexism in educational materials. Also contains correspondence with members of the Virginia general assembly and the United States Congress urging their support for the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), and other legislation concerning women, including child care, rape, welfare, and abortion. Also includes letters to the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePlayboy\u003c/title\u003e, and other publications concerning women's rights and issues.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiographical information contains information about Nordlinger written by her and others.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatements, Speeches, and Writings concern women's rights, the Equal Rights Amendment, abortion, the media, politics, sexism, and welfare, including stories on integrating the Thalhimer's Soup Bar and on Richmond mayor and Congressman Thomas J. Bliley.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes consist of notes made by Nordlinger regarding women's rights, abortion, politics, as well as women and literature, religion, and psychology. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinancial Papers, 1984-1989 consist of acounts of and copies of checks to Nordlinger from Metropolitan Communciations and the Virginian-Pilot and Ledger-Star.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous Personal papers consist of medical information containing information on prescriptions for Martin and Zelda Nordlinger, as well as copies of the Folstein mini-mental state examination; Meyers-Briggs Test contains results for Zelda and Martin Nordlinger; and certificate, 29 June 2003, for Zelda Nordlinger as Correspondent of the Day for the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuits and Complaints contains lawsuit papers against the Southwestern General Life Insurance Company and the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e for sex discrimination, particularly the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTimes-Dispatch's\u003c/title\u003e policy of segregating want ads into male and female, and also a complaint against the Richmond City Public Schools for sex discrimination in athletics.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Subject files contain clippings and articles discussing the media and clippings, articles, and notes concerning feminism and militarism from the late 19th century until the present.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticles consist of journal and magazine articles, as well as book excerpts concerning women focusing on abortion, art, education, employment and labor, family relations, the feminist movement, literature, gender issues, politics, pornography, religion, reproductive issues, science, sex, and relationship between wives and husbands. Includes articles by Betty Friedan, Germaine Greer, and Shere Hite.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007, contains clippings from newspapers and magazines discussing Nordlinger, the feminist movement in Richmond, NOW, the Equal Rights Amendment, and sex discrimination. Articles also concern women's issues and women's rights at the national, state and local levels. Topics covered by these clippings include education, employment, feminism, gay and lesbian rights, marriage and spousal relations, pornography, religion, sex and sexuality, women in politics, women's history, women's rights, as well as the efforts to have women admitted into the Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia) and the Citadel (Charleston, South Carolina). Includes clippings from the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e, the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNew York Times\u003c/title\u003e, and the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington Post\u003c/title\u003e.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMagazines and Newsletters consist of magazines and newsletters related to the feminist movement, NOW, leftist politics, human rights, reproductive rights, and international peace organizations.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrganization Papers contain circular letters, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, and other printed materials from the ACLU, Coal Employment Project, Emily's List, the Feminist Majority Foundation, NOW, Planned Parenthood, Richmond Coalition for Choice, Richmond Human Rights Coalition, the Virginia Commission on the Status of Women, Virginia Equal Rights Amendment Ratification Council, Virginia Religious Coalition for Abortion Rights, the Virginia Women's Political Caucus, the Woman Activist, and the Women's Resource Center. Collection also contains a bulletin from a pro-choice service at the First Unitarian Church (Richmond, Virginia).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous Papers include copies of legislative bills and resolutions concerning possible legislation on women's issues; brochures on conferences for women's issues and studies, employment and business, education, prisons, and Cuba; brochures on women's programs at the University of Richmond and at Wellesley College; book catalogs and order forms; miscellaneous papers concerning women, politics, insurance, and self defense; EBay auction information for the July 1972 issue of \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMs. Magazine\u003c/title\u003e; list of women activists in the Richmond area; ads for Seagram's wine coolers and for bondage and domination equipment and videos; an i.q. test; miscellaneous printed materials containing anecdotes and fliers concerning women's issues; bumber stickers that say \"Crater;\" and business and calling cards.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePolitical Campaign Buttons contain political campaign buttons from the late 1960s to the 1990s for political campaigns at the state and national levels. Also contains buttons advocating various causes.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1970-2007, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of articles, bills, biographies, campaign buttons, church bulletins, circular letters, civil actions, clippings, essays, letters, lists, newsletters, newspapers, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, resolutions, and speeches relating to Nordlinger's activities as a member of the Women's Liberation movement and the National Organization for Women (NOW).\n","Series I: Personal papers consist of subseries A: Correspondence, 1970-2006; subseries B: Biographical Information; subseries C: Statements, Speeches, and Writings; subseries D: Notes; subseries E: Financial Papers, 1984-1989; and subseries F: Miscellaneous Personal Papers.\n","Correspondence, 1970-2006, contains letters between Zelda Nordlinger and other women active in the women's rights movement at the local, state and national levels, discussing meetings, demonstrations, and other plans to advance women's rights, including her successful efforts to integrate the Thalhimer's Soup Bar in Richmond. Also includes correspondence with businesses and individuals regarding women in the workplace and sexism in educational materials. Also contains correspondence with members of the Virginia general assembly and the United States Congress urging their support for the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), and other legislation concerning women, including child care, rape, welfare, and abortion. Also includes letters to the  Richmond Times-Dispatch ,  Playboy , and other publications concerning women's rights and issues.\n\t\t","Biographical information contains information about Nordlinger written by her and others.\n\t\t","Statements, Speeches, and Writings concern women's rights, the Equal Rights Amendment, abortion, the media, politics, sexism, and welfare, including stories on integrating the Thalhimer's Soup Bar and on Richmond mayor and Congressman Thomas J. Bliley.\n\t\t","Notes consist of notes made by Nordlinger regarding women's rights, abortion, politics, as well as women and literature, religion, and psychology. \n\t\t","Financial Papers, 1984-1989 consist of acounts of and copies of checks to Nordlinger from Metropolitan Communciations and the Virginian-Pilot and Ledger-Star.\n\t\t","Miscellaneous Personal papers consist of medical information containing information on prescriptions for Martin and Zelda Nordlinger, as well as copies of the Folstein mini-mental state examination; Meyers-Briggs Test contains results for Zelda and Martin Nordlinger; and certificate, 29 June 2003, for Zelda Nordlinger as Correspondent of the Day for the  Richmond Times-Dispatch .\n\t\t","Suits and Complaints contains lawsuit papers against the Southwestern General Life Insurance Company and the  Richmond Times-Dispatch  for sex discrimination, particularly the  Times-Dispatch's  policy of segregating want ads into male and female, and also a complaint against the Richmond City Public Schools for sex discrimination in athletics.\n"," Subject files contain clippings and articles discussing the media and clippings, articles, and notes concerning feminism and militarism from the late 19th century until the present.\n","Articles consist of journal and magazine articles, as well as book excerpts concerning women focusing on abortion, art, education, employment and labor, family relations, the feminist movement, literature, gender issues, politics, pornography, religion, reproductive issues, science, sex, and relationship between wives and husbands. Includes articles by Betty Friedan, Germaine Greer, and Shere Hite.\n"," Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007, contains clippings from newspapers and magazines discussing Nordlinger, the feminist movement in Richmond, NOW, the Equal Rights Amendment, and sex discrimination. Articles also concern women's issues and women's rights at the national, state and local levels. Topics covered by these clippings include education, employment, feminism, gay and lesbian rights, marriage and spousal relations, pornography, religion, sex and sexuality, women in politics, women's history, women's rights, as well as the efforts to have women admitted into the Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia) and the Citadel (Charleston, South Carolina). Includes clippings from the  Richmond Times-Dispatch , the  New York Times , and the  Washington Post .\n","Magazines and Newsletters consist of magazines and newsletters related to the feminist movement, NOW, leftist politics, human rights, reproductive rights, and international peace organizations.\n","Organization Papers contain circular letters, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, and other printed materials from the ACLU, Coal Employment Project, Emily's List, the Feminist Majority Foundation, NOW, Planned Parenthood, Richmond Coalition for Choice, Richmond Human Rights Coalition, the Virginia Commission on the Status of Women, Virginia Equal Rights Amendment Ratification Council, Virginia Religious Coalition for Abortion Rights, the Virginia Women's Political Caucus, the Woman Activist, and the Women's Resource Center. Collection also contains a bulletin from a pro-choice service at the First Unitarian Church (Richmond, Virginia).\n","Miscellaneous Papers include copies of legislative bills and resolutions concerning possible legislation on women's issues; brochures on conferences for women's issues and studies, employment and business, education, prisons, and Cuba; brochures on women's programs at the University of Richmond and at Wellesley College; book catalogs and order forms; miscellaneous papers concerning women, politics, insurance, and self defense; EBay auction information for the July 1972 issue of  Ms. Magazine ; list of women activists in the Richmond area; ads for Seagram's wine coolers and for bondage and domination equipment and videos; an i.q. test; miscellaneous printed materials containing anecdotes and fliers concerning women's issues; bumber stickers that say \"Crater;\" and business and calling cards.\n","Political Campaign Buttons contain political campaign buttons from the late 1960s to the 1990s for political campaigns at the state and national levels. Also contains buttons advocating various causes.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":177,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:34:13.799Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi01141","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01141","_root_":"vi_vi01141","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01141","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01141.xml","title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007"],"title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["31719, 44035, 45329\n"],"text":["31719, 44035, 45329\n","Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007","2.5 cubic feet","Collection is open to research.\n","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I: Personal Papers containing Correspondence, 1970-2006; Statements, Speeches, and Writings; Biographical Information; Notes; Financial papers, 1984-1989; and miscellaneous personal papers. Series II: Suits and Complaints. Series III: Subject files. Series IV: Articles. Series V: Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007. Series VI: Magazines and Newsletters. VII: Organization Papers. Series VIII: Miscellaneous Papers. Series IX: Political Campaign Buttons.","Chronological.\n\t\t","Chronological\n","Zelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n","Papers, 1970-2007, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of articles, bills, biographies, campaign buttons, church bulletins, circular letters, civil actions, clippings, essays, letters, lists, newsletters, newspapers, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, resolutions, and speeches relating to Nordlinger's activities as a member of the Women's Liberation movement and the National Organization for Women (NOW).\n","Series I: Personal papers consist of subseries A: Correspondence, 1970-2006; subseries B: Biographical Information; subseries C: Statements, Speeches, and Writings; subseries D: Notes; subseries E: Financial Papers, 1984-1989; and subseries F: Miscellaneous Personal Papers.\n","Correspondence, 1970-2006, contains letters between Zelda Nordlinger and other women active in the women's rights movement at the local, state and national levels, discussing meetings, demonstrations, and other plans to advance women's rights, including her successful efforts to integrate the Thalhimer's Soup Bar in Richmond. Also includes correspondence with businesses and individuals regarding women in the workplace and sexism in educational materials. Also contains correspondence with members of the Virginia general assembly and the United States Congress urging their support for the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), and other legislation concerning women, including child care, rape, welfare, and abortion. Also includes letters to the  Richmond Times-Dispatch ,  Playboy , and other publications concerning women's rights and issues.\n\t\t","Biographical information contains information about Nordlinger written by her and others.\n\t\t","Statements, Speeches, and Writings concern women's rights, the Equal Rights Amendment, abortion, the media, politics, sexism, and welfare, including stories on integrating the Thalhimer's Soup Bar and on Richmond mayor and Congressman Thomas J. Bliley.\n\t\t","Notes consist of notes made by Nordlinger regarding women's rights, abortion, politics, as well as women and literature, religion, and psychology. \n\t\t","Financial Papers, 1984-1989 consist of acounts of and copies of checks to Nordlinger from Metropolitan Communciations and the Virginian-Pilot and Ledger-Star.\n\t\t","Miscellaneous Personal papers consist of medical information containing information on prescriptions for Martin and Zelda Nordlinger, as well as copies of the Folstein mini-mental state examination; Meyers-Briggs Test contains results for Zelda and Martin Nordlinger; and certificate, 29 June 2003, for Zelda Nordlinger as Correspondent of the Day for the  Richmond Times-Dispatch .\n\t\t","Suits and Complaints contains lawsuit papers against the Southwestern General Life Insurance Company and the  Richmond Times-Dispatch  for sex discrimination, particularly the  Times-Dispatch's  policy of segregating want ads into male and female, and also a complaint against the Richmond City Public Schools for sex discrimination in athletics.\n"," Subject files contain clippings and articles discussing the media and clippings, articles, and notes concerning feminism and militarism from the late 19th century until the present.\n","Articles consist of journal and magazine articles, as well as book excerpts concerning women focusing on abortion, art, education, employment and labor, family relations, the feminist movement, literature, gender issues, politics, pornography, religion, reproductive issues, science, sex, and relationship between wives and husbands. Includes articles by Betty Friedan, Germaine Greer, and Shere Hite.\n"," Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007, contains clippings from newspapers and magazines discussing Nordlinger, the feminist movement in Richmond, NOW, the Equal Rights Amendment, and sex discrimination. Articles also concern women's issues and women's rights at the national, state and local levels. Topics covered by these clippings include education, employment, feminism, gay and lesbian rights, marriage and spousal relations, pornography, religion, sex and sexuality, women in politics, women's history, women's rights, as well as the efforts to have women admitted into the Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia) and the Citadel (Charleston, South Carolina). Includes clippings from the  Richmond Times-Dispatch , the  New York Times , and the  Washington Post .\n","Magazines and Newsletters consist of magazines and newsletters related to the feminist movement, NOW, leftist politics, human rights, reproductive rights, and international peace organizations.\n","Organization Papers contain circular letters, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, and other printed materials from the ACLU, Coal Employment Project, Emily's List, the Feminist Majority Foundation, NOW, Planned Parenthood, Richmond Coalition for Choice, Richmond Human Rights Coalition, the Virginia Commission on the Status of Women, Virginia Equal Rights Amendment Ratification Council, Virginia Religious Coalition for Abortion Rights, the Virginia Women's Political Caucus, the Woman Activist, and the Women's Resource Center. Collection also contains a bulletin from a pro-choice service at the First Unitarian Church (Richmond, Virginia).\n","Miscellaneous Papers include copies of legislative bills and resolutions concerning possible legislation on women's issues; brochures on conferences for women's issues and studies, employment and business, education, prisons, and Cuba; brochures on women's programs at the University of Richmond and at Wellesley College; book catalogs and order forms; miscellaneous papers concerning women, politics, insurance, and self defense; EBay auction information for the July 1972 issue of  Ms. Magazine ; list of women activists in the Richmond area; ads for Seagram's wine coolers and for bondage and domination equipment and videos; an i.q. test; miscellaneous printed materials containing anecdotes and fliers concerning women's issues; bumber stickers that say \"Crater;\" and business and calling cards.\n","Political Campaign Buttons contain political campaign buttons from the late 1960s to the 1990s for political campaigns at the state and national levels. Also contains buttons advocating various causes.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["31719, 44035, 45329\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers,\n1970-2007"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger, Richmond, Virginia, 21 January 1983. Gift of Samuel Markel, executor of the estate of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger, Richmond, Virginia, 7 July 2008. Gift of Sharon Nordlinger, New York, New York 1 January 2011.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["2.5 cubic feet"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I: Personal Papers containing Correspondence, 1970-2006; Statements, Speeches, and Writings; Biographical Information; Notes; Financial papers, 1984-1989; and miscellaneous personal papers.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries II: Suits and Complaints.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries III: Subject files.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IV: Articles.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries V: Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VI: Magazines and Newsletters.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eVII: Organization Papers.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VIII: Miscellaneous Papers.\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IX: Political Campaign Buttons.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I: Personal Papers containing Correspondence, 1970-2006; Statements, Speeches, and Writings; Biographical Information; Notes; Financial papers, 1984-1989; and miscellaneous personal papers. Series II: Suits and Complaints. Series III: Subject files. Series IV: Articles. Series V: Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007. Series VI: Magazines and Newsletters. VII: Organization Papers. Series VIII: Miscellaneous Papers. Series IX: Political Campaign Buttons.","Chronological.\n\t\t","Chronological\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff was born 19 January 1932 in Greenville, South Carolina, to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. The family moved to Richmond while she was a teenager and she attended Richmond public schools. Kingoff graduated from Marjorie Webster Junior College in 1952 and from Sally Tompkins School of Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) 24 December 1963. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was a lobbyist to the Virginia general assembly from 1971 to 1976, a free lance writer, and active in the women's movement. She was a co-founder of the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women in 1971. Nordlinger was also active in the National Women's Political Caucus and the Virginia Women's Political Caucus. Nordlinger had two children from a previous marriage and two daughters with Martin Nordlinger. Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger died 18 March 2008 in Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2007. Accession 31719, 44035. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2007. Accession 31719, 44035. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1970-2007, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of articles, bills, biographies, campaign buttons, church bulletins, circular letters, civil actions, clippings, essays, letters, lists, newsletters, newspapers, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, resolutions, and speeches relating to Nordlinger's activities as a member of the Women's Liberation movement and the National Organization for Women (NOW).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Personal papers consist of subseries A: Correspondence, 1970-2006; subseries B: Biographical Information; subseries C: Statements, Speeches, and Writings; subseries D: Notes; subseries E: Financial Papers, 1984-1989; and subseries F: Miscellaneous Personal Papers.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1970-2006, contains letters between Zelda Nordlinger and other women active in the women's rights movement at the local, state and national levels, discussing meetings, demonstrations, and other plans to advance women's rights, including her successful efforts to integrate the Thalhimer's Soup Bar in Richmond. Also includes correspondence with businesses and individuals regarding women in the workplace and sexism in educational materials. Also contains correspondence with members of the Virginia general assembly and the United States Congress urging their support for the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), and other legislation concerning women, including child care, rape, welfare, and abortion. Also includes letters to the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePlayboy\u003c/title\u003e, and other publications concerning women's rights and issues.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiographical information contains information about Nordlinger written by her and others.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatements, Speeches, and Writings concern women's rights, the Equal Rights Amendment, abortion, the media, politics, sexism, and welfare, including stories on integrating the Thalhimer's Soup Bar and on Richmond mayor and Congressman Thomas J. Bliley.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes consist of notes made by Nordlinger regarding women's rights, abortion, politics, as well as women and literature, religion, and psychology. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinancial Papers, 1984-1989 consist of acounts of and copies of checks to Nordlinger from Metropolitan Communciations and the Virginian-Pilot and Ledger-Star.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous Personal papers consist of medical information containing information on prescriptions for Martin and Zelda Nordlinger, as well as copies of the Folstein mini-mental state examination; Meyers-Briggs Test contains results for Zelda and Martin Nordlinger; and certificate, 29 June 2003, for Zelda Nordlinger as Correspondent of the Day for the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuits and Complaints contains lawsuit papers against the Southwestern General Life Insurance Company and the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e for sex discrimination, particularly the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTimes-Dispatch's\u003c/title\u003e policy of segregating want ads into male and female, and also a complaint against the Richmond City Public Schools for sex discrimination in athletics.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Subject files contain clippings and articles discussing the media and clippings, articles, and notes concerning feminism and militarism from the late 19th century until the present.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticles consist of journal and magazine articles, as well as book excerpts concerning women focusing on abortion, art, education, employment and labor, family relations, the feminist movement, literature, gender issues, politics, pornography, religion, reproductive issues, science, sex, and relationship between wives and husbands. Includes articles by Betty Friedan, Germaine Greer, and Shere Hite.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007, contains clippings from newspapers and magazines discussing Nordlinger, the feminist movement in Richmond, NOW, the Equal Rights Amendment, and sex discrimination. Articles also concern women's issues and women's rights at the national, state and local levels. Topics covered by these clippings include education, employment, feminism, gay and lesbian rights, marriage and spousal relations, pornography, religion, sex and sexuality, women in politics, women's history, women's rights, as well as the efforts to have women admitted into the Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia) and the Citadel (Charleston, South Carolina). Includes clippings from the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e, the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNew York Times\u003c/title\u003e, and the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington Post\u003c/title\u003e.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMagazines and Newsletters consist of magazines and newsletters related to the feminist movement, NOW, leftist politics, human rights, reproductive rights, and international peace organizations.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrganization Papers contain circular letters, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, and other printed materials from the ACLU, Coal Employment Project, Emily's List, the Feminist Majority Foundation, NOW, Planned Parenthood, Richmond Coalition for Choice, Richmond Human Rights Coalition, the Virginia Commission on the Status of Women, Virginia Equal Rights Amendment Ratification Council, Virginia Religious Coalition for Abortion Rights, the Virginia Women's Political Caucus, the Woman Activist, and the Women's Resource Center. Collection also contains a bulletin from a pro-choice service at the First Unitarian Church (Richmond, Virginia).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous Papers include copies of legislative bills and resolutions concerning possible legislation on women's issues; brochures on conferences for women's issues and studies, employment and business, education, prisons, and Cuba; brochures on women's programs at the University of Richmond and at Wellesley College; book catalogs and order forms; miscellaneous papers concerning women, politics, insurance, and self defense; EBay auction information for the July 1972 issue of \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMs. Magazine\u003c/title\u003e; list of women activists in the Richmond area; ads for Seagram's wine coolers and for bondage and domination equipment and videos; an i.q. test; miscellaneous printed materials containing anecdotes and fliers concerning women's issues; bumber stickers that say \"Crater;\" and business and calling cards.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePolitical Campaign Buttons contain political campaign buttons from the late 1960s to the 1990s for political campaigns at the state and national levels. Also contains buttons advocating various causes.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1970-2007, of Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger (1932-2008) of Richmond, Virginia, consisting of articles, bills, biographies, campaign buttons, church bulletins, circular letters, civil actions, clippings, essays, letters, lists, newsletters, newspapers, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, resolutions, and speeches relating to Nordlinger's activities as a member of the Women's Liberation movement and the National Organization for Women (NOW).\n","Series I: Personal papers consist of subseries A: Correspondence, 1970-2006; subseries B: Biographical Information; subseries C: Statements, Speeches, and Writings; subseries D: Notes; subseries E: Financial Papers, 1984-1989; and subseries F: Miscellaneous Personal Papers.\n","Correspondence, 1970-2006, contains letters between Zelda Nordlinger and other women active in the women's rights movement at the local, state and national levels, discussing meetings, demonstrations, and other plans to advance women's rights, including her successful efforts to integrate the Thalhimer's Soup Bar in Richmond. Also includes correspondence with businesses and individuals regarding women in the workplace and sexism in educational materials. Also contains correspondence with members of the Virginia general assembly and the United States Congress urging their support for the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), and other legislation concerning women, including child care, rape, welfare, and abortion. Also includes letters to the  Richmond Times-Dispatch ,  Playboy , and other publications concerning women's rights and issues.\n\t\t","Biographical information contains information about Nordlinger written by her and others.\n\t\t","Statements, Speeches, and Writings concern women's rights, the Equal Rights Amendment, abortion, the media, politics, sexism, and welfare, including stories on integrating the Thalhimer's Soup Bar and on Richmond mayor and Congressman Thomas J. Bliley.\n\t\t","Notes consist of notes made by Nordlinger regarding women's rights, abortion, politics, as well as women and literature, religion, and psychology. \n\t\t","Financial Papers, 1984-1989 consist of acounts of and copies of checks to Nordlinger from Metropolitan Communciations and the Virginian-Pilot and Ledger-Star.\n\t\t","Miscellaneous Personal papers consist of medical information containing information on prescriptions for Martin and Zelda Nordlinger, as well as copies of the Folstein mini-mental state examination; Meyers-Briggs Test contains results for Zelda and Martin Nordlinger; and certificate, 29 June 2003, for Zelda Nordlinger as Correspondent of the Day for the  Richmond Times-Dispatch .\n\t\t","Suits and Complaints contains lawsuit papers against the Southwestern General Life Insurance Company and the  Richmond Times-Dispatch  for sex discrimination, particularly the  Times-Dispatch's  policy of segregating want ads into male and female, and also a complaint against the Richmond City Public Schools for sex discrimination in athletics.\n"," Subject files contain clippings and articles discussing the media and clippings, articles, and notes concerning feminism and militarism from the late 19th century until the present.\n","Articles consist of journal and magazine articles, as well as book excerpts concerning women focusing on abortion, art, education, employment and labor, family relations, the feminist movement, literature, gender issues, politics, pornography, religion, reproductive issues, science, sex, and relationship between wives and husbands. Includes articles by Betty Friedan, Germaine Greer, and Shere Hite.\n"," Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1937-2007, contains clippings from newspapers and magazines discussing Nordlinger, the feminist movement in Richmond, NOW, the Equal Rights Amendment, and sex discrimination. Articles also concern women's issues and women's rights at the national, state and local levels. Topics covered by these clippings include education, employment, feminism, gay and lesbian rights, marriage and spousal relations, pornography, religion, sex and sexuality, women in politics, women's history, women's rights, as well as the efforts to have women admitted into the Virginia Military Institute (Lexington, Virginia) and the Citadel (Charleston, South Carolina). Includes clippings from the  Richmond Times-Dispatch , the  New York Times , and the  Washington Post .\n","Magazines and Newsletters consist of magazines and newsletters related to the feminist movement, NOW, leftist politics, human rights, reproductive rights, and international peace organizations.\n","Organization Papers contain circular letters, pamphlets, press releases, questionaires, and other printed materials from the ACLU, Coal Employment Project, Emily's List, the Feminist Majority Foundation, NOW, Planned Parenthood, Richmond Coalition for Choice, Richmond Human Rights Coalition, the Virginia Commission on the Status of Women, Virginia Equal Rights Amendment Ratification Council, Virginia Religious Coalition for Abortion Rights, the Virginia Women's Political Caucus, the Woman Activist, and the Women's Resource Center. Collection also contains a bulletin from a pro-choice service at the First Unitarian Church (Richmond, Virginia).\n","Miscellaneous Papers include copies of legislative bills and resolutions concerning possible legislation on women's issues; brochures on conferences for women's issues and studies, employment and business, education, prisons, and Cuba; brochures on women's programs at the University of Richmond and at Wellesley College; book catalogs and order forms; miscellaneous papers concerning women, politics, insurance, and self defense; EBay auction information for the July 1972 issue of  Ms. Magazine ; list of women activists in the Richmond area; ads for Seagram's wine coolers and for bondage and domination equipment and videos; an i.q. test; miscellaneous printed materials containing anecdotes and fliers concerning women's issues; bumber stickers that say \"Crater;\" and business and calling cards.\n","Political Campaign Buttons contain political campaign buttons from the late 1960s to the 1990s for political campaigns at the state and national levels. Also contains buttons advocating various causes.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":177,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:34:13.799Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01141"}},{"id":"vi_vi01258_c07_c181","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Zelda: The last flapper\n\n              1994 July","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01258_c07_c181#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi01258_c07_c181","ref_ssm":["vi_vi01258_c07_c181"],"id":"vi_vi01258_c07_c181","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01258","_root_":"vi_vi01258","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01258_c07","parent_ssi":"vi_vi01258_c07","parent_ssim":["vi_vi01258","vi_vi01258_c07"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi01258","vi_vi01258_c07"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Barksdale Theatre Records\n1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004)","Series VII. Programs, \n1954-2004."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Barksdale Theatre Records\n1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004)","Series VII. Programs, \n1954-2004."],"text":["Barksdale Theatre Records\n1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004)","Series VII. Programs, \n1954-2004.","Zelda: The last flapper\n\n              1994 July","box-folder 44:15"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zelda: The last flapper\n 1994 July\n","title_ssm":["Zelda: The last flapper\n\n              1994 July"],"title_tesim":["Zelda: The last flapper\n\n              1994 July"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda: The last flapper\n\n              1994 July"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Barksdale Theatre Records\n1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":687,"containers_ssim":["box-folder 44:15"],"_nest_path_":"/components#6/components#180","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:51:12.909Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi01258","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01258","_root_":"vi_vi01258","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01258","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01258.xml","title_ssm":["Barksdale Theatre Records\n1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004)"],"title_tesim":["Barksdale Theatre Records\n1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["41088\n"],"text":["41088\n","Barksdale Theatre Records\n1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004)","48.06 cubic feet; 109 boxes and 1 oversized drawer; Box numbers 1-109.","Collection is open to research.\n","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Building Management Files, 1954-1996 Series II. Correspondence, General, 1955-2000 Series III. Correspondence and Scripts, Playwrights, 1979-1998 Series IV. Financial Records, 1953-2001 Series V. Newsclippings and Newsletters, 1953-2002 Series VI. Production Files, 1954-2000 Series VII. Programs, 1954-2004 Series VIII. Theatre Management Records, 1954-2001 Series IX. Miscellaenous, 1945-1998 Series X. Scrapbooks, 1950-2000 Series XI. Oversize, 1954-2003 Series XII. Photographs, 1954-1999 Series XIII. Audio-Visual Materials, 1966-1993 Series XIV. Artifacts/Ephemera, 1954-2000","Barksdale Theatre was created by a group of friends who met during summer stock theatre in St. Clair, Michigan. The original founders were Tom Carlin, Stewart Falconer, David and Priscilla Kilgore, Muriel\nMcAuley, and Pat Sharp. In June 1953 they moved to Richmond, Virginia, desiring to start their own theatre. The group purchased the historic Hanover Tavern in Hanover, Virginia, 1 August 1953, and established the\nnation's first dinner theatre, Barksdale Memorial Theatre. The theatre was named in memory of a deceased college friend, Barbara Barksdale (1930-1950). The theatre produced their first play,  Gold in the Hills , at Barksdale Theatre, on 23 September 1954.\n","By 1960, four of the original members had left Barksdale, and David Kilgore had married Nancy Masters. The three remaining members, David and Nancy Kilgore, and Muriel McAuley lead the theatre for the next 40\nyears. Throughout those years they produced over 200 plays and renovated Hanover Tavern. In 1973, Barksdale produced the first professional production of a play based on African American experience, Lorraine\nHansberry's  To Be Young, Gifted, and Black . In 1975, they staged the first professional reenactment of Patrick Henry's \"Liberty or Death\" speech at the historic St. John's Church. In\n1977 Barksdale produced the world premiere of  Red, Hot, and Cole , an original play written by Muriel McAuley and Randy Strawderman. After hundreds of performances and the raising of\nseveral children and animals, in 1990 the founding members sold Hanover Tavern to the Hanover Tavern Foundation. The founders retired in 1993, naming John Glenn as artistic director. Of the founding members, Nancy\nKilgore died 16 October 1993, and Muriel McAuley died 4 September 1998.\n","In 1996 Barksdale built and moved into a new facility at Willow Lawn Shopping Center in Richmond, Virginia. Randy Strawderman served as artistic director from 1997-2001. Currently, 2004, Bruce Miller serves as\nartistic director of Barksdale Theatre which continues the tradition of producing excellent theatre. For additional history of the theatre please consult,  Going On...Barksdale Theatre The\nFirst Thirty One Years  by Muriel McAuley (Taylor Publishing Co., 1984).\n","The Barksdale Records are housed in 109 boxes and one oversized drawer. Included are bylaws, contracts, correspondence, deeds, financial materials, ledgers, minutes, musical scores, newsletters, newspaper clippings, photographs, posters, press releases, programs, receipts, reports,\nresumes, scrapbooks, and scripts. The records document the development of the company from its earliest performances at Hanover Tavern, to its contemporary performances at the Willow Lawn Center.\n","The records include deeds for Hanover Tavern and Willow Lawn Center, correspondence regarding literary rights of plays, scripts submitted by inspiring playwrights, fundraising campaign materials, articles of\nincorporation, Board of Trustee minute files, and personnel policy manuals. Although the collection includes records relating to the financial and managerial side of the business, they are sparse and incomplete.","The bulk of the collection are the clippings, photographs, posters, production files, programs, and reviews documenting the over 200 productions performed by the theatre in its 50 year history. Included are\nhundreds of photographs from the earliest productions to the current season, numerous theater programs, production files including directing books, cast contact lists, rehearsal schedules, and scripts, theater\ncritic newspaper reviews, and posters of the productions. The collection also includes videos of some of the original performances. Two\nappendixes are available at the end of the finding aid listing all of the productions performed at Barksdale. One appendix is arranged chronologically, one alphabetically, and they record whether photographs or\nprograms are available for the production. These appendixes are not available online.\n","A more in-depth description of the collection can be found in the Series level description. It is recommended that the researcher read the Series level scope and content notes thoroughly before accessing the\ncollection.\n","\nThe Building Management Papers Series is housed in 1 box and arranged alphabetically by folder title. The papers include\narchitectural plans, contracts, deeds, incorporation charter, leases, and reports. Included are minutes and reports from the Hanover Tavern Foundation Building and Grounds committee meetings. Also included are\nbrochures and newsletters regarding the efforts by the Hanover Tavern Foundation to preserve and restore Hanover Tavern, 1993-1996, and contracts, correspondence, and floor plans for the building of the Barksdale\nTheatre at Willow Lawn Center, 1996. Of note are the deeds between the Barksdale Theater and Hanover Tavern, 1954-1990, including the original deed for Hanover Tavern dated 1 August 1953.\n","Oversized architectural plans can be found in Oversize Series XI, Subseries 5: Miscellaneous. They include drawings of Hanover Tavern by the Historic American Building Survey, 1990.\n","See Oversize Subseries 5 for Hanover Tavern Project drawings and specifications, 1992, by Historic American Building Survey, and Correspondence and sketches from Hanson Associates, 1990. Includes sketch of\nHanover Tavern parking area; basement floor\n","\n\nThe General Correspondence Series is housed in 2 boxes and arranged chronologically. The correspondence documents the many aspects\nof managing Barksdale Theatre, encompassing fund raising, literary rights and royalties, maintenance issues, and exchanges with critics, subscribers and audiences. Included are letters and memoranda regarding\nappeals for funds, invitations to critics, advertising issues, congratulatory letters, requests for tickets, and production rights. Also included are letters to various statesmen concerning issues such as minimum\nwages and taxation issues which affected the theatre. Early correspondence, 1954-1969, includes letters to and from Muriel McAuley and Priscilla Kilgore regarding production rights and royalty fees, mainly to the\ncompanies of Samuel French, Inc., and Dramatists Play Service, Inc.\n","Also included is correspondence, 1995-1996, regarding the move of the Barksdale Theatre from Hanover Tavern, Hanover, to Willow Lawn Center in Richmond, Virginia. Topics include the search for another home for\nthe theatre, lease and rental conditions between the two organizations, and financial costs for the move to Richmond. Many of the letters in the 1990's are to John Glenn and Randy Strawderman, Artistic Directors\nfor the Barksdale Theatre.\n","\nThe Correspondence and Scripts, Playwrights, Series is housed in 10 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder\ntitle. General correspondence is arranged to the front. Following the general correspondence are folders arranged alphabetically by playwright's last name. These playwrights have individual folders due to the\nlarger size of the scripts submitted.\n","Included are letters and either the entire play or a synopsis of a play. Often included were self addressed return envelopes and follow up letters. Some lyricists also included audio tapes of their music. The\nletters were from the authors or their agents, if they had one, and most letters were addressed to John Glenn or Randy Strawderman. The majority of the play submissions were made in the 1990's. Many of the letters\nwere unopened when they were donated to the Library and were later opened by the archivist. Many of the writers sent in their plays after reading an advertisement by Barksdale in the  Dramatists Sourcebook , asking for play submissions. Some authors include letters of recommendations, resumes, and reviews with their scripts.\n","\nThe Financial Records Series is housed in 4 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. This series includes correspondence,\nfinancial statements, fundraising campaign materials, grants, ledgers, and receipts. One of the earliest financial documents is the expense ledger, 1953 February-October, which includes accounts of monies spent on\ngroceries, paint, cleaning supplies, gasoline, and medical bills. Of note are the financial statements, 1976-2000, which include balance sheets, statements of revenues and expenses, yearly budgets, income\nstatement, accounts payable, payroll expense, and ticket sales reports. Included are budgets for individual shows containing expense summaries and ticket sales totals. The financial statements are the most\ncomplete for 1994-1996.\n","Included are fundraising campaign papers, 1996-2001, which contain information on pledges, types of campaigns and program outlines, proposals, sponsorship letters, and advertisements. Also included are\napplications for grants from the Virginia Commission for the Arts and the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy.\n","\n\nThe Newspaper Clippings and Newsletters Series is housed in 10 boxes and arranged chronologically, with general\nmaterials to the front. Topics of the general newspaper clippings include, the early establishment of the Barksdale Theatre and the founding members; Muriel McAuley's modeling career; renovations of Hanover\nTavern; anniversary celebrations for the Barksdale Theatre; biographies and stories on Muriel McAuley, Pete Kilgore, Nancy Kilgore, and Randy Strawderman; obituaries for several leading theatre members including\nJay Lundy, Nancy Kilgore, and Muriel McAuley; the sale of Hanover Tavern; move of the Barksdale Theatre to Willow Lawn Shopping Center; stories relating to Richmond's other local theatres, Theatre Virginia,\nTheatre IV, and Swift Creek Mill Playhouse; lists of Richmond Times Dispatch yearly Phoebe Awards winners; and the hiring of artistic directors at the theatre.\n","Following the general clippings are clippings relating to specific productions staged by Barksdale, 1953-2002. The clippings include reviews, audition notices, and photographs relating to the productions. The\nseries also contains copies of theatre newsletters including,  Curtain Up, Dramatists Quarterly, London Theatre News, National Theatre Critic's Reviews, New York Theatre Critic's\nReviews,  and  Theatre Richmond . See also the Oversize series for oversize clippings.\n","\n\nThe Production files Series is housed in 9 boxes and arranged chronologically with the year in parenthesis indicating the date of the\nopening. The documentation for each production varies in scope and may include notes, reviews, scripts, directing books, musical scores, press releases, royalty statements, budgets, prop lists, cast contact lists,\nactors photographs and resumes, costume and set designs, rehearsal schedules, finances, invitations, advertising, memorandum, and correspondence. The later works (from the 1990's) are represented by much more\nextensive documentation than the earlier productions. The exception being  Red, Hot, and Cole  (1977), which is extensively documented and includes agreements, audition notes,\ncorrespondence, director's notebooks, invitations, reviews, scripts, sheet music, and sketches.\n","The earlier shows, 1954-1970, mainly include invitations, notes on ticket sales, play production licenses, and finances. Also included in the earlier records is a collection of correspondence and receipts\nregarding royalty fees and purchases of copies of plays, 1956-1963. Additional correspondence regarding royalty fees can be found in Series II, Correspondence, General. Of note is a ledger, 1958-1959, recording\nthe attendance and dinner reservations for performances during these years.\n","Correspondence with Muriel McAuley and the Cole Porter Trusts regarding the idea of the play and royalty rights and fees\n","Includes notes, revisions, and set designs\n","Includes notes, revisions, and set designs\n","Drawing of actors in play by Mark Longaker, 1977, and advertisement sketch\n","Recording reservations and attendance for performances\n","See Oversize Subseries 5 for a sketch of the general floor plan setting for\n Red, Hot, and Cole\n , designed by Tim Priddy, 1976\n","Partnership agreement, programs, and reviews for performances in Los Angeles, California\n","Reviews, programs, contracts, and correspondence relating to Pat Carroll's performances in\n Gertrude Stein, The Merry Wives of Windsor\n , and\n Cinderella\n","Correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, news releases, reviews, stage requirements, and contracts\n","Correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, tour schedule, reviews, contracts, invoices, and notes\n","Correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, tour schedule, reviews, contracts, invoices, and notes\n","Correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, tour schedule, reviews, contracts, invoices, and notes\n","Resumes, performance reports, photograph call schedule, reviews, correspondence, and contact sheet\n","Program drafts, press releases, advertising costs and receipts, and reviews\n","Program drafts, reviews, advertising costs and receipts, correspondence, finances, and schedule\n","Program drafts, correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, and design drawings for new theatre at Willow Lawn (Richmond, Va.)\n","Program drafts, correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, budget, rehearsal schedules, and reviews\n","Correspondence, programs, advertising costs and receipts, contact sheet, and reviews\n","Program drafts, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, actors resumes and photographs, contact sheet, and budget\n","Programs, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, reviews, flyers, directors notes, and prop list\n","Program drafts, advertising costs and receipts, reviews, and rehearsal schedule\n","Program drafts, actors resumes and photographs, advertising costs and receipts, reviews, and press releases\n","Program drafts, advertising costs and receipts, correspondence, and reviews\n","Program drafts, advertising costs and receipts, actors resumes and photographs, and memorandum\n","Programs, contact sheets, reviews, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, invitations, and performance schedule\n","Reviews, program drafts, actors resumes and photographs, schedule, press releases, correspondence, and notes\n","Reviews, program drafts, actors resumes and photographs, schedule, press releases, correspondence, and notes\n","Programs, reviews, advertising, actors resumes and photographs, press releases, and notes\n","Press releases, advertising, correspondence, costume drawings\n","Advertising, contact sheets, and reviews; see Oversize Subseries 5 for a sketch of the stage setting\n","Cast list, advertising, press releases, reviews, and cast biographical information forms\n","Program, press release, and correspondence\n","Program drafts, press releases, show schedule, contact sheets\n","Program drafts, press releases, cast biographical information forms, and advertising\n","Program, contact sheets, flyers, advertising, schedule, actors photographs and resumes, and reviews\n","Reviews, correspondence, programs, and advertising\n","Program drafts, press releases, reviews, budgets, show schedule, and advertising\n","Reviews, audition forms, correspondence, show schedule, and actors photographs and resumes\n","Contact sheets, show schedule, partial script, and newsletter\n","Program drafts, newsletters, reviews, and advertising\n","Programs, advertising, show schedule, press releases, and budget\n","Programs, reviews, and actors photographs\n","Correspondence, sketches, and script\n","\n\nThe Programs Series is housed in 9 boxes and arranged chronologically with the year in parenthesis indicating the date of the opening. Included\nare programs for a majority of the Barksdale shows, 1954-2004. Also included are a few flyers and leaflets for the earlier dates. The series also includes a box of miscellaneous programs from a variety of theatres\nincluding Barter Theatre, Richmond City Works, Richmond Symphony, Swift Creek Mill Playhouse, Theatre IV, and Theatre Virginia, 1959-1999.\n","Original sketches used in program located in Oversize Series (XI) Subseries 1 Artwork\n","\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe Theatre Management Records Series is housed in 9 boxes and arranged alphabetically into four subseries. Subseries\nhave been designated for Administrative files, Board of Trustees files, Employment files and resumes, and Marketing and advertising.\n","This subseries is housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included are articles of incorporation, brochures, bylaws, calendars,\ncontracts, envelopes, legal papers, notebooks, speeches, and pamphlets regarding workers compensation laws. Of note are the brochures on the Barksdale Theatre and Hanover Tavern, ca. 1960-1990.\n","Includes brochures on Historic Hanover County and brochures from the Barksdale Theatre. Also includes postcards and printed sketches of Hanover Tavern.\n","This subseries is housed in 4 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. This subseries includes mainly minute files of the Board of Trustees for\nboth the Barksdale Theatre and the Hanover Tavern Foundation. The minute files include agendas, budgets and finances, clippings, contracts, correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes, reports, and schedules of\nevents. Also included are the articles of incorporation and bylaws of the Hanover Tavern Foundation and lists of board members. Included is information regarding the relationship between the Barksdale Theatre and\nthe Hanover Tavern Foundation and the lease and sale of Hanover Tavern. Topics include the renovation of Hanover Tavern, move of Barksdale Theatre to Willow Lawn Shopping Center in Richmond, catering at the\nBarksdale Theatre, lawsuits, finances and ticket sales, subscription renewals, and the hiring of new staff.\n","\nThis subseries is housed in 1 box and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included is information from the Actors' Equity Association regarding\ncontracts and rules governing employment in dinner and small professional theatres. Included are some job descriptions and salary rates for jobs at the Barksdale, 1998-2000, and a personnel policy manual from the\nBarksdale, undated. The manual outlines the mission statement, employee classification, orientation and training, and employee benefits. The resumes include correspondence and photographs and are arranged\nalphabetically by last name.\n","This subseries is housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included are advertisements, correspondence, logos, programs, and\nnewsletters. Of note are the advertisements and logo sketches for Barksdale, 1993-1998, and early programs covers sponsored by Thalhimers, 1956-1957.\n\n","The Miscellaneous Series is housed in 3 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included are brochures, correspondence,\nhistories, programs, and publications. Included is information on The Arts Council of Richmond, Carpenter Science Theatre Advisory Board, Glen Allen Cultural Arts Program, Richmond Alliance of Professional\nTheatres, and the Richmond Public Relations Association. Also included are various programs and tickets stubs from theatres in Europe, 1945, donations and correspondence to the Muriel McAuley Memorial Fund, 1998,\nand a eulogy for Nancy Kilgore, 1993. Of note are the histories of Hanover Tavern and markups and a draft to  Going on...Barksdale Theatre The First Thirty One Years , written by\nMuriel McAuley. Also of note is  The Mystery of Hanover Tavern , probably written by Muriel McAuley. These are recaps (4-6 pages each) of the year's events at Barksdale Theatre written\nas annual Christmas greetings, 1954-1958.\n","History of the Hanover Tavern, written by an unknown author\n","These are recaps (4-6 pages each) of the year's events at Barksdale Theatre written as annual Christmas greetings\n","These are recaps (4-6 pages each) of the year's events at Barksdale Theatre written as annual Christmas greetings. Includes notes to Edith Lindeman Calisch\n","Historic black and white photographs from the Valentine Museum\n","\nThe Scrapbook Series is housed in 7 boxes and arranged chronologically by date. The scrapbooks include advertisements, articles, photographs,\nprograms, reviews, and telegrams of the Barksdale Theatre shows, 1954-2000. Of note is the scrapbook which includes reviews and programs from Longwood College and Virginia Museum Theatre.\n\n","Reviews, programs, telegrams\n","Reviews and articles\n","Reviews and articles. Many used in\n Going On...The First Thirty One Years\n  book\n","Reviews and articles\n","Reviews and articles. Many used in\n Going On...The First Thirty One Years\n  book\n","Reviews, photographs, advertisements, articles\n","Reviews and articles\n","Reviews and articles\n","Reviews, photographs, articles, and signed copies of programs\n","Reviews and articles\n","Reviews and articles\n","Articles and photographs regarding bicentennial celebration in Yorktown and Hanover Tavern County Fair\n","Reviews, advertisements, and articles\n","Reviews and articles.  Barcode: 0007417932","Reviews and articles.  Barcode: 0007417933","Reviews, articles, and transcripts of TV reviews from WTVR and WRVA.  Barcode: 0007417934","Reviews, photographs, and articles.  Barcode: 0007417935","\n\nThe Oversize Series is housed in 6 oversize boxes and 1 oversized drawer and arranged alphabetically into four subseries. Subseries have been\ndesignated for Artwork, Clippings and Reviews, Posters, and Miscellaneous.\n","\nSubseries 1: Artwork (ca. 1954-1979) This subseries is housed in 1 oversize box and includes sketches from  Picnic  (1960) by Helen Hull, sketches of women's costumes, a cartoon\ndrawing of Muriel McAuley, and an oil painting of possibly a scene from  Antigone , 1954.\n\n","5 sketches\n","Subseries 2: Clippings and reviews (1990-2001) This subseries is housed in 1 oversize box and 1 oversized drawer and arranged chronologically by date. Included are reviews from the Richmond Times Dispatch\nand Style Weekly on Barksdale shows including  Golf with Alan Shepard, Three Tall Women, Red, Hot, and Cole, The Rocky Horror Picture Show, The Young Man from Atlanta, Inherit the Wind, She\nLoves Me, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Ella and Her Fella, Frank , and the  Taming of the Shrew . Also included are articles on Pete Kilgore, Randy Strawderman,\nand the history of Hanover Tavern.\n\n","Richmond Daily Dispatch\n  (reprint)\n","RTD\n","The Nation\n","NY Times\n","RTD\n","SW\n Barcode: 0005627033","SW\n","RTD\n","RTD\n","SW\n","RTD\n","SW\n","RTD\n","RTD\n","The Freelance Star\n","The Freelance Star\n","SW\n","The Petersburg Monitor\n","SW\n","RTD\n","SW\n","RTD\n","SW Barcode: 0005627033","SW\n","SW\n","RTD\n","Richmond Free Press\n","Barcode: 0005627033","Richmond Times Dispatch\n","RTD\n","Culpepper Star Exponent\n","RTD\n","RTD\n","RTD\n","Style Weekly\n","RTD\n","SW\n","SW\n","This subseries is housed in 3 boxes and contains posters and mounted broadsides. Also included are seasonal posters and miscellaneous posters celebrating anniversaries of the Barksdale Theatre, and film and draft copies of posters. \n\n","Barcode: 0005627033","Barcode: 0005627033","25 years of Barksdale (1953-1978) by Pete Butzuer; 30 years of Barksdale (1953-1993); 1953-1981 Barksdale sign in sheet; 1954/1955\n Gold in the Hills\n  mark up poster;\n 1940's Radio Hour\n  example/mark up posters;\n Sweeney Todd\n  poster film, 1982;\n From the Mississippi Delta\n  poster film, 1998;\n Inherit the Wind\n  blow up of Scopes Monkey trial news items viewed in lobby display, 1998 October;\n Inherit the Wind\n  example/mark up posters, 1998;\n Ella and Her Fella, Frank\n  poster film, 1999; Before and after photograph scans of new Barksdale theatre in Willow Lawn; Randolph Macon faculty award to Pete Kilgore, n.d.; Theatre IV posters for\n Peter Pan\n  and a season program, n.d.; Scott Joplin's,\n Treemunisha\n , at Dogwood Dell, n.d.; Bill Nelson posters; Jazz at the Barksdale poster (rolled); 1997 season program brochure mark ups\n","Barcode: 0005627033","This subseries is housed in 1 oversize box and 1 oversize drawer. Included are architectural drawings, awards, and correspondence. Included is a lighting plot for the\nbus tour of  Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat , 1986; sketch of a stage setting for  Inherit the Wind ; sketch of a general floor plan for\n Red, Hot, and Cole ; architectural drawings of Hanover Tavern by the Historic American Building Survey, 1992; and correspondence and sketches from Hanson Associates, 1990, including\nbasement and first floor plans of Hanover Tavern. Also included are award certificates from the Art Directors Club and numerous Phoebe Awards, 1976-1988, for Barksdale actors.\n\n\n","Computer list of mailer addresses;\n I Miss that Mississippi Miss that Misses Me\n , Sheet music; Phoebe Awards received by Barksdale Theatre actors, 1976-1988; The Art Directors Club 62nd Annual Exhibition 1983 Merit Award to the Barksdale for\n Sweeney Todd\n ; Quotes for the 2nd Annual Young Writers For the Theatre New Play Festival, Studio Theatre of Richmond; Hanover Tavern Project drawings and specifications, 1992, by Historic American Building Survey (13\nsheets); Sketch of general floor plan setting for\n Red, Hot, and Cole\n , designed by Tim Priddy, 1976\n","Barcode: 0005627033","Barcode: 0005627033","Barcode: 0005627033","Includes sketch of Hanover Tavern parking area; basement floor plan of Hanover Tavern; and 1st floor plan of Hanover Tavern.  Barcode: 0005627033","Barcode: 0007417936","\nThe Photographs Series is housed in 29 boxes and arranged into seven subseries. Subseries have been designated for People, Plays, Buildings,\nContact sheets, Negatives, Slides, and Miscellaneous. Included are hundreds of photographs documenting the numerous shows and actors involved with Barksdale over the course of the last 50 years, 1954-2004. Many of\nthe photographs were identified but as the collection was being processed, Pete Kilgore and other former Barksdale actors were able to identify other photographs that were not known. Within each subseries the\nphotographs are arranged by size, 8 1/2\" x 11\", 11\" x 17\", and 20\"x 24\".\n","\nThis subseries is housed in 3 boxes, with the unidentified photographs arranged to the rear. Included are photographs of many of the early Barksdale actors, including\nBetsy Chadwell, Fred Haseltine, Helen Hayward, Helen Jervey, Nancy Kilgore, Patricia Kilgore, Pete Kilgore, Muriel McAuley, de Veax Riddick, Pat Sharp, Randy Strawderman, and Tafi Yourtee. Also arranged by size: Photographs 8 1/2\" x 11\" (Boxes 69-70), then 11\" x 17\" (Box 71).\n","This subseries is housed in 21 boxes and arranged by size, and within each size, chronologically by date of opening. This series includes a large and fine example of\nphotographs of many of the Barksdale Theatre shows, 1954-1999.\n\n","Organized chronologically by show production year. Also arranged by size: Photographs 8 1/2\" x 11\" (Boxes 72-81), then 11\" x 17\" (Boxes 82-86), then 20\" x 24\" (Boxes 87-92).\n","Includes photographs of Hanover Tavern interior and exterior; Amphitheatre at Hanover Tavern; Strawberry Banks; and Willow Lawn. Also includes copies of turn of the century photographs of Richmond.\n","This subseries is housed in 1 box and includes contacts sheets.  \n\n","This subseries is housed in 1 box and includes negatives. Also included are negative sheets for the book,\n Going On... Barksdale Theatre The First Thirty-One Years , and some negatives for various family and vacation events, 1960-1973.\n\n","Includes negatives of productions, travels, Hanover Tavern, and family. \n","This subseries is housed in 1 box and includes various photographs of family events, holidays, the Barksdale truck, Barksdale Invitational Tennis Tournament 1967,\nChristmas, yard sale 1996, and photographs used in the book,  Going On...Barksdale Theatre: The First Thirty-One Years.","Pages 1-100\n","Pages 101-199\n","Pages 200-249\n","\n\nThe Audio-Visual Materials Series is housed in 10 boxes and arranged into videos (Boxes 98-100), audio cassettes (Box 101), and reel to reel tapes (Boxes 102-107). In May 2005 Bill Rice and the staff at the Virginia Information Technology Agency (VITA) transferred original recordings to VHS, creating three copies of each master: service copy, preservation copy, and duplication master. The audio cassettes and reel to reel tapes have not yet been reformatted and are unavailable due to conservation and preservation concerns. \n","Videos listed below.","(some digitized)\n","(some digitized)\n","The Artifacts Series is housed in 2 boxes. Included are framed programs from John Golden Theatre; Plaque for Helen Walsh, Barksdale Board member; Brass Pass for Marian Herget; and a Barksdale Theatre sweatshirt.","Permission to reproduce any audio-visual material must be obtained from Barksdale Theatre. The scripts in Series III cannot be reproduced without permission of the playwright.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["41088\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Barksdale Theatre Records\n1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Barksdale Theatre Records\n1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004)"],"collection_ssim":["Barksdale Theatre Records\n1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of the Barksdale Theatre, Richmond, Virginia, 8 January 2004. Two broadsides were interfiled with the collection, Accession 41248. Gift of Jacquie O'Connor, Richmond, Virginia, 14 June 2004. Several programs were interfiled with the colleciton, Accession 42150. Transferred from Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond, Virginia, 26 August 2005.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["48.06 cubic feet; 109 boxes and 1 oversized drawer; Box numbers 1-109."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I. Building Management Files, 1954-1996\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries II. Correspondence, General, 1955-2000\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries III. Correspondence and Scripts, Playwrights, 1979-1998\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Financial Records, 1953-2001\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries V. Newsclippings and Newsletters, 1953-2002\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Production Files, 1954-2000\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Programs, 1954-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Theatre Management Records, 1954-2001\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Miscellaenous, 1945-1998\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries X. Scrapbooks, 1950-2000\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XI. Oversize, 1954-2003\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XII. Photographs, 1954-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIII. Audio-Visual Materials, 1966-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries XIV. Artifacts/Ephemera, 1954-2000\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Building Management Files, 1954-1996 Series II. Correspondence, General, 1955-2000 Series III. Correspondence and Scripts, Playwrights, 1979-1998 Series IV. Financial Records, 1953-2001 Series V. Newsclippings and Newsletters, 1953-2002 Series VI. Production Files, 1954-2000 Series VII. Programs, 1954-2004 Series VIII. Theatre Management Records, 1954-2001 Series IX. Miscellaenous, 1945-1998 Series X. Scrapbooks, 1950-2000 Series XI. Oversize, 1954-2003 Series XII. Photographs, 1954-1999 Series XIII. Audio-Visual Materials, 1966-1993 Series XIV. Artifacts/Ephemera, 1954-2000"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBarksdale Theatre was created by a group of friends who met during summer stock theatre in St. Clair, Michigan. The original founders were Tom Carlin, Stewart Falconer, David and Priscilla Kilgore, Muriel\nMcAuley, and Pat Sharp. In June 1953 they moved to Richmond, Virginia, desiring to start their own theatre. The group purchased the historic Hanover Tavern in Hanover, Virginia, 1 August 1953, and established the\nnation's first dinner theatre, Barksdale Memorial Theatre. The theatre was named in memory of a deceased college friend, Barbara Barksdale (1930-1950). The theatre produced their first play, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGold in the Hills\u003c/title\u003e, at Barksdale Theatre, on 23 September 1954.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy 1960, four of the original members had left Barksdale, and David Kilgore had married Nancy Masters. The three remaining members, David and Nancy Kilgore, and Muriel McAuley lead the theatre for the next 40\nyears. Throughout those years they produced over 200 plays and renovated Hanover Tavern. In 1973, Barksdale produced the first professional production of a play based on African American experience, Lorraine\nHansberry's \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTo Be Young, Gifted, and Black\u003c/title\u003e. In 1975, they staged the first professional reenactment of Patrick Henry's \"Liberty or Death\" speech at the historic St. John's Church. In\n1977 Barksdale produced the world premiere of \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRed, Hot, and Cole\u003c/title\u003e, an original play written by Muriel McAuley and Randy Strawderman. After hundreds of performances and the raising of\nseveral children and animals, in 1990 the founding members sold Hanover Tavern to the Hanover Tavern Foundation. The founders retired in 1993, naming John Glenn as artistic director. Of the founding members, Nancy\nKilgore died 16 October 1993, and Muriel McAuley died 4 September 1998.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1996 Barksdale built and moved into a new facility at Willow Lawn Shopping Center in Richmond, Virginia. Randy Strawderman served as artistic director from 1997-2001. Currently, 2004, Bruce Miller serves as\nartistic director of Barksdale Theatre which continues the tradition of producing excellent theatre. For additional history of the theatre please consult, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGoing On...Barksdale Theatre The\nFirst Thirty One Years\u003c/title\u003e by Muriel McAuley (Taylor Publishing Co., 1984).\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Barksdale Theatre was created by a group of friends who met during summer stock theatre in St. Clair, Michigan. The original founders were Tom Carlin, Stewart Falconer, David and Priscilla Kilgore, Muriel\nMcAuley, and Pat Sharp. In June 1953 they moved to Richmond, Virginia, desiring to start their own theatre. The group purchased the historic Hanover Tavern in Hanover, Virginia, 1 August 1953, and established the\nnation's first dinner theatre, Barksdale Memorial Theatre. The theatre was named in memory of a deceased college friend, Barbara Barksdale (1930-1950). The theatre produced their first play,  Gold in the Hills , at Barksdale Theatre, on 23 September 1954.\n","By 1960, four of the original members had left Barksdale, and David Kilgore had married Nancy Masters. The three remaining members, David and Nancy Kilgore, and Muriel McAuley lead the theatre for the next 40\nyears. Throughout those years they produced over 200 plays and renovated Hanover Tavern. In 1973, Barksdale produced the first professional production of a play based on African American experience, Lorraine\nHansberry's  To Be Young, Gifted, and Black . In 1975, they staged the first professional reenactment of Patrick Henry's \"Liberty or Death\" speech at the historic St. John's Church. In\n1977 Barksdale produced the world premiere of  Red, Hot, and Cole , an original play written by Muriel McAuley and Randy Strawderman. After hundreds of performances and the raising of\nseveral children and animals, in 1990 the founding members sold Hanover Tavern to the Hanover Tavern Foundation. The founders retired in 1993, naming John Glenn as artistic director. Of the founding members, Nancy\nKilgore died 16 October 1993, and Muriel McAuley died 4 September 1998.\n","In 1996 Barksdale built and moved into a new facility at Willow Lawn Shopping Center in Richmond, Virginia. Randy Strawderman served as artistic director from 1997-2001. Currently, 2004, Bruce Miller serves as\nartistic director of Barksdale Theatre which continues the tradition of producing excellent theatre. For additional history of the theatre please consult,  Going On...Barksdale Theatre The\nFirst Thirty One Years  by Muriel McAuley (Taylor Publishing Co., 1984).\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBarksdale Theatre Records, 1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004). Accession 41088, Business Records Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Barksdale Theatre Records, 1945-2006 (bulk 1954-2004). Accession 41088, Business Records Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Barksdale Records are housed in 109 boxes and one oversized drawer. Included are bylaws, contracts, correspondence, deeds, financial materials, ledgers, minutes, musical scores, newsletters, newspaper clippings, photographs, posters, press releases, programs, receipts, reports,\nresumes, scrapbooks, and scripts. The records document the development of the company from its earliest performances at Hanover Tavern, to its contemporary performances at the Willow Lawn Center.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe records include deeds for Hanover Tavern and Willow Lawn Center, correspondence regarding literary rights of plays, scripts submitted by inspiring playwrights, fundraising campaign materials, articles of\nincorporation, Board of Trustee minute files, and personnel policy manuals. Although the collection includes records relating to the financial and managerial side of the business, they are sparse and incomplete.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection are the clippings, photographs, posters, production files, programs, and reviews documenting the over 200 productions performed by the theatre in its 50 year history. Included are\nhundreds of photographs from the earliest productions to the current season, numerous theater programs, production files including directing books, cast contact lists, rehearsal schedules, and scripts, theater\ncritic newspaper reviews, and posters of the productions. The collection also includes videos of some of the original performances. Two\nappendixes are available at the end of the finding aid listing all of the productions performed at Barksdale. One appendix is arranged chronologically, one alphabetically, and they record whether photographs or\nprograms are available for the production. These appendixes are not available online.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA more in-depth description of the collection can be found in the Series level description. It is recommended that the researcher read the Series level scope and content notes thoroughly before accessing the\ncollection.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Building Management Papers Series is housed in 1 box and arranged alphabetically by folder title. The papers include\narchitectural plans, contracts, deeds, incorporation charter, leases, and reports. Included are minutes and reports from the Hanover Tavern Foundation Building and Grounds committee meetings. Also included are\nbrochures and newsletters regarding the efforts by the Hanover Tavern Foundation to preserve and restore Hanover Tavern, 1993-1996, and contracts, correspondence, and floor plans for the building of the Barksdale\nTheatre at Willow Lawn Center, 1996. Of note are the deeds between the Barksdale Theater and Hanover Tavern, 1954-1990, including the original deed for Hanover Tavern dated 1 August 1953.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOversized architectural plans can be found in Oversize Series XI, Subseries 5: Miscellaneous. They include drawings of Hanover Tavern by the Historic American Building Survey, 1990.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee Oversize Subseries 5 for Hanover Tavern Project drawings and specifications, 1992, by Historic American Building Survey, and Correspondence and sketches from Hanson Associates, 1990. Includes sketch of\nHanover Tavern parking area; basement floor\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\nThe General Correspondence Series is housed in 2 boxes and arranged chronologically. The correspondence documents the many aspects\nof managing Barksdale Theatre, encompassing fund raising, literary rights and royalties, maintenance issues, and exchanges with critics, subscribers and audiences. Included are letters and memoranda regarding\nappeals for funds, invitations to critics, advertising issues, congratulatory letters, requests for tickets, and production rights. Also included are letters to various statesmen concerning issues such as minimum\nwages and taxation issues which affected the theatre. Early correspondence, 1954-1969, includes letters to and from Muriel McAuley and Priscilla Kilgore regarding production rights and royalty fees, mainly to the\ncompanies of Samuel French, Inc., and Dramatists Play Service, Inc.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included is correspondence, 1995-1996, regarding the move of the Barksdale Theatre from Hanover Tavern, Hanover, to Willow Lawn Center in Richmond, Virginia. Topics include the search for another home for\nthe theatre, lease and rental conditions between the two organizations, and financial costs for the move to Richmond. Many of the letters in the 1990's are to John Glenn and Randy Strawderman, Artistic Directors\nfor the Barksdale Theatre.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Correspondence and Scripts, Playwrights, Series is housed in 10 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder\ntitle. General correspondence is arranged to the front. Following the general correspondence are folders arranged alphabetically by playwright's last name. These playwrights have individual folders due to the\nlarger size of the scripts submitted.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are letters and either the entire play or a synopsis of a play. Often included were self addressed return envelopes and follow up letters. Some lyricists also included audio tapes of their music. The\nletters were from the authors or their agents, if they had one, and most letters were addressed to John Glenn or Randy Strawderman. The majority of the play submissions were made in the 1990's. Many of the letters\nwere unopened when they were donated to the Library and were later opened by the archivist. Many of the writers sent in their plays after reading an advertisement by Barksdale in the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDramatists Sourcebook\u003c/title\u003e, asking for play submissions. Some authors include letters of recommendations, resumes, and reviews with their scripts.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Financial Records Series is housed in 4 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. This series includes correspondence,\nfinancial statements, fundraising campaign materials, grants, ledgers, and receipts. One of the earliest financial documents is the expense ledger, 1953 February-October, which includes accounts of monies spent on\ngroceries, paint, cleaning supplies, gasoline, and medical bills. Of note are the financial statements, 1976-2000, which include balance sheets, statements of revenues and expenses, yearly budgets, income\nstatement, accounts payable, payroll expense, and ticket sales reports. Included are budgets for individual shows containing expense summaries and ticket sales totals. The financial statements are the most\ncomplete for 1994-1996.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are fundraising campaign papers, 1996-2001, which contain information on pledges, types of campaigns and program outlines, proposals, sponsorship letters, and advertisements. Also included are\napplications for grants from the Virginia Commission for the Arts and the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\nThe Newspaper Clippings and Newsletters Series is housed in 10 boxes and arranged chronologically, with general\nmaterials to the front. Topics of the general newspaper clippings include, the early establishment of the Barksdale Theatre and the founding members; Muriel McAuley's modeling career; renovations of Hanover\nTavern; anniversary celebrations for the Barksdale Theatre; biographies and stories on Muriel McAuley, Pete Kilgore, Nancy Kilgore, and Randy Strawderman; obituaries for several leading theatre members including\nJay Lundy, Nancy Kilgore, and Muriel McAuley; the sale of Hanover Tavern; move of the Barksdale Theatre to Willow Lawn Shopping Center; stories relating to Richmond's other local theatres, Theatre Virginia,\nTheatre IV, and Swift Creek Mill Playhouse; lists of Richmond Times Dispatch yearly Phoebe Awards winners; and the hiring of artistic directors at the theatre.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the general clippings are clippings relating to specific productions staged by Barksdale, 1953-2002. The clippings include reviews, audition notices, and photographs relating to the productions. The\nseries also contains copies of theatre newsletters including, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eCurtain Up, Dramatists Quarterly, London Theatre News, National Theatre Critic's Reviews, New York Theatre Critic's\nReviews,\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTheatre Richmond\u003c/title\u003e. See also the Oversize series for oversize clippings.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\nThe Production files Series is housed in 9 boxes and arranged chronologically with the year in parenthesis indicating the date of the\nopening. The documentation for each production varies in scope and may include notes, reviews, scripts, directing books, musical scores, press releases, royalty statements, budgets, prop lists, cast contact lists,\nactors photographs and resumes, costume and set designs, rehearsal schedules, finances, invitations, advertising, memorandum, and correspondence. The later works (from the 1990's) are represented by much more\nextensive documentation than the earlier productions. The exception being \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRed, Hot, and Cole\u003c/title\u003e (1977), which is extensively documented and includes agreements, audition notes,\ncorrespondence, director's notebooks, invitations, reviews, scripts, sheet music, and sketches.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe earlier shows, 1954-1970, mainly include invitations, notes on ticket sales, play production licenses, and finances. Also included in the earlier records is a collection of correspondence and receipts\nregarding royalty fees and purchases of copies of plays, 1956-1963. Additional correspondence regarding royalty fees can be found in Series II, Correspondence, General. Of note is a ledger, 1958-1959, recording\nthe attendance and dinner reservations for performances during these years.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Muriel McAuley and the Cole Porter Trusts regarding the idea of the play and royalty rights and fees\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes notes, revisions, and set designs\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes notes, revisions, and set designs\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawing of actors in play by Mark Longaker, 1977, and advertisement sketch\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecording reservations and attendance for performances\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee Oversize Subseries 5 for a sketch of the general floor plan setting for\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRed, Hot, and Cole\n\u003c/title\u003e, designed by Tim Priddy, 1976\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePartnership agreement, programs, and reviews for performances in Los Angeles, California\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, programs, contracts, and correspondence relating to Pat Carroll's performances in\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGertrude Stein, The Merry Wives of Windsor\n\u003c/title\u003e, and\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eCinderella\n\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, advertising costs and receipts, news releases, reviews, stage requirements, and contracts\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, advertising costs and receipts, tour schedule, reviews, contracts, invoices, and notes\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, advertising costs and receipts, tour schedule, reviews, contracts, invoices, and notes\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, advertising costs and receipts, tour schedule, reviews, contracts, invoices, and notes\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResumes, performance reports, photograph call schedule, reviews, correspondence, and contact sheet\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, press releases, advertising costs and receipts, and reviews\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, reviews, advertising costs and receipts, correspondence, finances, and schedule\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, and design drawings for new theatre at Willow Lawn (Richmond, Va.)\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, budget, rehearsal schedules, and reviews\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, programs, advertising costs and receipts, contact sheet, and reviews\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, actors resumes and photographs, contact sheet, and budget\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrograms, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, reviews, flyers, directors notes, and prop list\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, advertising costs and receipts, reviews, and rehearsal schedule\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, actors resumes and photographs, advertising costs and receipts, reviews, and press releases\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, advertising costs and receipts, correspondence, and reviews\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, advertising costs and receipts, actors resumes and photographs, and memorandum\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrograms, contact sheets, reviews, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, invitations, and performance schedule\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, program drafts, actors resumes and photographs, schedule, press releases, correspondence, and notes\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, program drafts, actors resumes and photographs, schedule, press releases, correspondence, and notes\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrograms, reviews, advertising, actors resumes and photographs, press releases, and notes\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress releases, advertising, correspondence, costume drawings\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvertising, contact sheets, and reviews; see Oversize Subseries 5 for a sketch of the stage setting\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCast list, advertising, press releases, reviews, and cast biographical information forms\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram, press release, and correspondence\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, press releases, show schedule, contact sheets\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, press releases, cast biographical information forms, and advertising\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram, contact sheets, flyers, advertising, schedule, actors photographs and resumes, and reviews\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, correspondence, programs, and advertising\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, press releases, reviews, budgets, show schedule, and advertising\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, audition forms, correspondence, show schedule, and actors photographs and resumes\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContact sheets, show schedule, partial script, and newsletter\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram drafts, newsletters, reviews, and advertising\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrograms, advertising, show schedule, press releases, and budget\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrograms, reviews, and actors photographs\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, sketches, and script\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\nThe Programs Series is housed in 9 boxes and arranged chronologically with the year in parenthesis indicating the date of the opening. Included\nare programs for a majority of the Barksdale shows, 1954-2004. Also included are a few flyers and leaflets for the earlier dates. The series also includes a box of miscellaneous programs from a variety of theatres\nincluding Barter Theatre, Richmond City Works, Richmond Symphony, Swift Creek Mill Playhouse, Theatre IV, and Theatre Virginia, 1959-1999.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal sketches used in program located in Oversize Series (XI) Subseries 1 Artwork\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe Theatre Management Records Series is housed in 9 boxes and arranged alphabetically into four subseries. Subseries\nhave been designated for Administrative files, Board of Trustees files, Employment files and resumes, and Marketing and advertising.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included are articles of incorporation, brochures, bylaws, calendars,\ncontracts, envelopes, legal papers, notebooks, speeches, and pamphlets regarding workers compensation laws. Of note are the brochures on the Barksdale Theatre and Hanover Tavern, ca. 1960-1990.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes brochures on Historic Hanover County and brochures from the Barksdale Theatre. Also includes postcards and printed sketches of Hanover Tavern.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 4 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. This subseries includes mainly minute files of the Board of Trustees for\nboth the Barksdale Theatre and the Hanover Tavern Foundation. The minute files include agendas, budgets and finances, clippings, contracts, correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes, reports, and schedules of\nevents. Also included are the articles of incorporation and bylaws of the Hanover Tavern Foundation and lists of board members. Included is information regarding the relationship between the Barksdale Theatre and\nthe Hanover Tavern Foundation and the lease and sale of Hanover Tavern. Topics include the renovation of Hanover Tavern, move of Barksdale Theatre to Willow Lawn Shopping Center in Richmond, catering at the\nBarksdale Theatre, lawsuits, finances and ticket sales, subscription renewals, and the hiring of new staff.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis subseries is housed in 1 box and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included is information from the Actors' Equity Association regarding\ncontracts and rules governing employment in dinner and small professional theatres. Included are some job descriptions and salary rates for jobs at the Barksdale, 1998-2000, and a personnel policy manual from the\nBarksdale, undated. The manual outlines the mission statement, employee classification, orientation and training, and employee benefits. The resumes include correspondence and photographs and are arranged\nalphabetically by last name.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included are advertisements, correspondence, logos, programs, and\nnewsletters. Of note are the advertisements and logo sketches for Barksdale, 1993-1998, and early programs covers sponsored by Thalhimers, 1956-1957.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Miscellaneous Series is housed in 3 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included are brochures, correspondence,\nhistories, programs, and publications. Included is information on The Arts Council of Richmond, Carpenter Science Theatre Advisory Board, Glen Allen Cultural Arts Program, Richmond Alliance of Professional\nTheatres, and the Richmond Public Relations Association. Also included are various programs and tickets stubs from theatres in Europe, 1945, donations and correspondence to the Muriel McAuley Memorial Fund, 1998,\nand a eulogy for Nancy Kilgore, 1993. Of note are the histories of Hanover Tavern and markups and a draft to \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGoing on...Barksdale Theatre The First Thirty One Years\u003c/title\u003e, written by\nMuriel McAuley. Also of note is \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Mystery of Hanover Tavern\u003c/title\u003e, probably written by Muriel McAuley. These are recaps (4-6 pages each) of the year's events at Barksdale Theatre written\nas annual Christmas greetings, 1954-1958.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistory of the Hanover Tavern, written by an unknown author\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are recaps (4-6 pages each) of the year's events at Barksdale Theatre written as annual Christmas greetings\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are recaps (4-6 pages each) of the year's events at Barksdale Theatre written as annual Christmas greetings. Includes notes to Edith Lindeman Calisch\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistoric black and white photographs from the Valentine Museum\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Scrapbook Series is housed in 7 boxes and arranged chronologically by date. The scrapbooks include advertisements, articles, photographs,\nprograms, reviews, and telegrams of the Barksdale Theatre shows, 1954-2000. Of note is the scrapbook which includes reviews and programs from Longwood College and Virginia Museum Theatre.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, programs, telegrams\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews and articles\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews and articles. Many used in\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGoing On...The First Thirty One Years\n\u003c/title\u003e book\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews and articles\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews and articles. Many used in\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGoing On...The First Thirty One Years\n\u003c/title\u003e book\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, photographs, advertisements, articles\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews and articles\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews and articles\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, photographs, articles, and signed copies of programs\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews and articles\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews and articles\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticles and photographs regarding bicentennial celebration in Yorktown and Hanover Tavern County Fair\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, advertisements, and articles\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews and articles. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0007417932\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews and articles. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0007417933\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, articles, and transcripts of TV reviews from WTVR and WRVA. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0007417934\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReviews, photographs, and articles. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0007417935\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\nThe Oversize Series is housed in 6 oversize boxes and 1 oversized drawer and arranged alphabetically into four subseries. Subseries have been\ndesignated for Artwork, Clippings and Reviews, Posters, and Miscellaneous.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSubseries 1: Artwork (ca. 1954-1979)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis subseries is housed in 1 oversize box and includes sketches from \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePicnic\u003c/title\u003e (1960) by Helen Hull, sketches of women's costumes, a cartoon\ndrawing of Muriel McAuley, and an oil painting of possibly a scene from \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAntigone\u003c/title\u003e, 1954.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e5 sketches\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2: Clippings and reviews (1990-2001)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis subseries is housed in 1 oversize box and 1 oversized drawer and arranged chronologically by date. Included are reviews from the Richmond Times Dispatch\nand Style Weekly on Barksdale shows including \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGolf with Alan Shepard, Three Tall Women, Red, Hot, and Cole, The Rocky Horror Picture Show, The Young Man from Atlanta, Inherit the Wind, She\nLoves Me, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Ella and Her Fella, Frank\u003c/title\u003e, and the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTaming of the Shrew\u003c/title\u003e. Also included are articles on Pete Kilgore, Randy Strawderman,\nand the history of Hanover Tavern.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Daily Dispatch\n\u003c/title\u003e (reprint)\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Nation\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNY Times\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n                \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0005627033\u003c/emph\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Freelance Star\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Freelance Star\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Petersburg Monitor\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\u003c/title\u003e\n                \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0005627033\u003c/emph\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Free Press\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0005627033\u003c/emph\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times Dispatch\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eCulpepper Star Exponent\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStyle Weekly\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRTD\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSW\n\u003c/title\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 3 boxes and contains posters and mounted broadsides. Also included are seasonal posters and miscellaneous posters celebrating anniversaries of the Barksdale Theatre, and film and draft copies of posters. \n\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0005627033\u003c/emph\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0005627033\u003c/emph\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e25 years of Barksdale (1953-1978) by Pete Butzuer; 30 years of Barksdale (1953-1993); 1953-1981 Barksdale sign in sheet; 1954/1955\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGold in the Hills\n\u003c/title\u003e mark up poster;\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003e1940's Radio Hour\n\u003c/title\u003e example/mark up posters;\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSweeney Todd\n\u003c/title\u003e poster film, 1982;\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFrom the Mississippi Delta\n\u003c/title\u003e poster film, 1998;\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eInherit the Wind\n\u003c/title\u003e blow up of Scopes Monkey trial news items viewed in lobby display, 1998 October;\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eInherit the Wind\n\u003c/title\u003e example/mark up posters, 1998;\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eElla and Her Fella, Frank\n\u003c/title\u003e poster film, 1999; Before and after photograph scans of new Barksdale theatre in Willow Lawn; Randolph Macon faculty award to Pete Kilgore, n.d.; Theatre IV posters for\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePeter Pan\n\u003c/title\u003e and a season program, n.d.; Scott Joplin's,\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTreemunisha\n\u003c/title\u003e, at Dogwood Dell, n.d.; Bill Nelson posters; Jazz at the Barksdale poster (rolled); 1997 season program brochure mark ups\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0005627033\u003c/emph\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 1 oversize box and 1 oversize drawer. Included are architectural drawings, awards, and correspondence. Included is a lighting plot for the\nbus tour of \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eJoseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat\u003c/title\u003e, 1986; sketch of a stage setting for \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eInherit the Wind\u003c/title\u003e; sketch of a general floor plan for\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRed, Hot, and Cole\u003c/title\u003e; architectural drawings of Hanover Tavern by the Historic American Building Survey, 1992; and correspondence and sketches from Hanson Associates, 1990, including\nbasement and first floor plans of Hanover Tavern. Also included are award certificates from the Art Directors Club and numerous Phoebe Awards, 1976-1988, for Barksdale actors.\n\n\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComputer list of mailer addresses;\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eI Miss that Mississippi Miss that Misses Me\n\u003c/title\u003e, Sheet music; Phoebe Awards received by Barksdale Theatre actors, 1976-1988; The Art Directors Club 62nd Annual Exhibition 1983 Merit Award to the Barksdale for\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSweeney Todd\n\u003c/title\u003e; Quotes for the 2nd Annual Young Writers For the Theatre New Play Festival, Studio Theatre of Richmond; Hanover Tavern Project drawings and specifications, 1992, by Historic American Building Survey (13\nsheets); Sketch of general floor plan setting for\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRed, Hot, and Cole\n\u003c/title\u003e, designed by Tim Priddy, 1976\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0005627033\u003c/emph\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0005627033\u003c/emph\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0005627033\u003c/emph\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes sketch of Hanover Tavern parking area; basement floor plan of Hanover Tavern; and 1st floor plan of Hanover Tavern. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0005627033\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n                \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBarcode: 0007417936\u003c/emph\u003e\n              \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe Photographs Series is housed in 29 boxes and arranged into seven subseries. Subseries have been designated for People, Plays, Buildings,\nContact sheets, Negatives, Slides, and Miscellaneous. Included are hundreds of photographs documenting the numerous shows and actors involved with Barksdale over the course of the last 50 years, 1954-2004. Many of\nthe photographs were identified but as the collection was being processed, Pete Kilgore and other former Barksdale actors were able to identify other photographs that were not known. Within each subseries the\nphotographs are arranged by size, 8 1/2\" x 11\", 11\" x 17\", and 20\"x 24\".\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis subseries is housed in 3 boxes, with the unidentified photographs arranged to the rear. Included are photographs of many of the early Barksdale actors, including\nBetsy Chadwell, Fred Haseltine, Helen Hayward, Helen Jervey, Nancy Kilgore, Patricia Kilgore, Pete Kilgore, Muriel McAuley, de Veax Riddick, Pat Sharp, Randy Strawderman, and Tafi Yourtee. Also arranged by size: Photographs 8 1/2\" x 11\" (Boxes 69-70), then 11\" x 17\" (Box 71).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 21 boxes and arranged by size, and within each size, chronologically by date of opening. This series includes a large and fine example of\nphotographs of many of the Barksdale Theatre shows, 1954-1999.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrganized chronologically by show production year. Also arranged by size: Photographs 8 1/2\" x 11\" (Boxes 72-81), then 11\" x 17\" (Boxes 82-86), then 20\" x 24\" (Boxes 87-92).\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photographs of Hanover Tavern interior and exterior; Amphitheatre at Hanover Tavern; Strawberry Banks; and Willow Lawn. Also includes copies of turn of the century photographs of Richmond.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 1 box and includes contacts sheets.  \n\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 1 box and includes negatives. Also included are negative sheets for the book,\n\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGoing On... Barksdale Theatre The First Thirty-One Years\u003c/title\u003e, and some negatives for various family and vacation events, 1960-1973.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes negatives of productions, travels, Hanover Tavern, and family. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is housed in 1 box and includes various photographs of family events, holidays, the Barksdale truck, Barksdale Invitational Tennis Tournament 1967,\nChristmas, yard sale 1996, and photographs used in the book, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGoing On...Barksdale Theatre: The First Thirty-One Years.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePages 1-100\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePages 101-199\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePages 200-249\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\nThe Audio-Visual Materials Series is housed in 10 boxes and arranged into videos (Boxes 98-100), audio cassettes (Box 101), and reel to reel tapes (Boxes 102-107). In May 2005 Bill Rice and the staff at the Virginia Information Technology Agency (VITA) transferred original recordings to VHS, creating three copies of each master: service copy, preservation copy, and duplication master. The audio cassettes and reel to reel tapes have not yet been reformatted and are unavailable due to conservation and preservation concerns. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVideos listed below.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(some digitized)\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(some digitized)\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Artifacts Series is housed in 2 boxes. Included are framed programs from John Golden Theatre; Plaque for Helen Walsh, Barksdale Board member; Brass Pass for Marian Herget; and a Barksdale Theatre sweatshirt.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Barksdale Records are housed in 109 boxes and one oversized drawer. Included are bylaws, contracts, correspondence, deeds, financial materials, ledgers, minutes, musical scores, newsletters, newspaper clippings, photographs, posters, press releases, programs, receipts, reports,\nresumes, scrapbooks, and scripts. The records document the development of the company from its earliest performances at Hanover Tavern, to its contemporary performances at the Willow Lawn Center.\n","The records include deeds for Hanover Tavern and Willow Lawn Center, correspondence regarding literary rights of plays, scripts submitted by inspiring playwrights, fundraising campaign materials, articles of\nincorporation, Board of Trustee minute files, and personnel policy manuals. Although the collection includes records relating to the financial and managerial side of the business, they are sparse and incomplete.","The bulk of the collection are the clippings, photographs, posters, production files, programs, and reviews documenting the over 200 productions performed by the theatre in its 50 year history. Included are\nhundreds of photographs from the earliest productions to the current season, numerous theater programs, production files including directing books, cast contact lists, rehearsal schedules, and scripts, theater\ncritic newspaper reviews, and posters of the productions. The collection also includes videos of some of the original performances. Two\nappendixes are available at the end of the finding aid listing all of the productions performed at Barksdale. One appendix is arranged chronologically, one alphabetically, and they record whether photographs or\nprograms are available for the production. These appendixes are not available online.\n","A more in-depth description of the collection can be found in the Series level description. It is recommended that the researcher read the Series level scope and content notes thoroughly before accessing the\ncollection.\n","\nThe Building Management Papers Series is housed in 1 box and arranged alphabetically by folder title. The papers include\narchitectural plans, contracts, deeds, incorporation charter, leases, and reports. Included are minutes and reports from the Hanover Tavern Foundation Building and Grounds committee meetings. Also included are\nbrochures and newsletters regarding the efforts by the Hanover Tavern Foundation to preserve and restore Hanover Tavern, 1993-1996, and contracts, correspondence, and floor plans for the building of the Barksdale\nTheatre at Willow Lawn Center, 1996. Of note are the deeds between the Barksdale Theater and Hanover Tavern, 1954-1990, including the original deed for Hanover Tavern dated 1 August 1953.\n","Oversized architectural plans can be found in Oversize Series XI, Subseries 5: Miscellaneous. They include drawings of Hanover Tavern by the Historic American Building Survey, 1990.\n","See Oversize Subseries 5 for Hanover Tavern Project drawings and specifications, 1992, by Historic American Building Survey, and Correspondence and sketches from Hanson Associates, 1990. Includes sketch of\nHanover Tavern parking area; basement floor\n","\n\nThe General Correspondence Series is housed in 2 boxes and arranged chronologically. The correspondence documents the many aspects\nof managing Barksdale Theatre, encompassing fund raising, literary rights and royalties, maintenance issues, and exchanges with critics, subscribers and audiences. Included are letters and memoranda regarding\nappeals for funds, invitations to critics, advertising issues, congratulatory letters, requests for tickets, and production rights. Also included are letters to various statesmen concerning issues such as minimum\nwages and taxation issues which affected the theatre. Early correspondence, 1954-1969, includes letters to and from Muriel McAuley and Priscilla Kilgore regarding production rights and royalty fees, mainly to the\ncompanies of Samuel French, Inc., and Dramatists Play Service, Inc.\n","Also included is correspondence, 1995-1996, regarding the move of the Barksdale Theatre from Hanover Tavern, Hanover, to Willow Lawn Center in Richmond, Virginia. Topics include the search for another home for\nthe theatre, lease and rental conditions between the two organizations, and financial costs for the move to Richmond. Many of the letters in the 1990's are to John Glenn and Randy Strawderman, Artistic Directors\nfor the Barksdale Theatre.\n","\nThe Correspondence and Scripts, Playwrights, Series is housed in 10 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder\ntitle. General correspondence is arranged to the front. Following the general correspondence are folders arranged alphabetically by playwright's last name. These playwrights have individual folders due to the\nlarger size of the scripts submitted.\n","Included are letters and either the entire play or a synopsis of a play. Often included were self addressed return envelopes and follow up letters. Some lyricists also included audio tapes of their music. The\nletters were from the authors or their agents, if they had one, and most letters were addressed to John Glenn or Randy Strawderman. The majority of the play submissions were made in the 1990's. Many of the letters\nwere unopened when they were donated to the Library and were later opened by the archivist. Many of the writers sent in their plays after reading an advertisement by Barksdale in the  Dramatists Sourcebook , asking for play submissions. Some authors include letters of recommendations, resumes, and reviews with their scripts.\n","\nThe Financial Records Series is housed in 4 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. This series includes correspondence,\nfinancial statements, fundraising campaign materials, grants, ledgers, and receipts. One of the earliest financial documents is the expense ledger, 1953 February-October, which includes accounts of monies spent on\ngroceries, paint, cleaning supplies, gasoline, and medical bills. Of note are the financial statements, 1976-2000, which include balance sheets, statements of revenues and expenses, yearly budgets, income\nstatement, accounts payable, payroll expense, and ticket sales reports. Included are budgets for individual shows containing expense summaries and ticket sales totals. The financial statements are the most\ncomplete for 1994-1996.\n","Included are fundraising campaign papers, 1996-2001, which contain information on pledges, types of campaigns and program outlines, proposals, sponsorship letters, and advertisements. Also included are\napplications for grants from the Virginia Commission for the Arts and the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and Public Policy.\n","\n\nThe Newspaper Clippings and Newsletters Series is housed in 10 boxes and arranged chronologically, with general\nmaterials to the front. Topics of the general newspaper clippings include, the early establishment of the Barksdale Theatre and the founding members; Muriel McAuley's modeling career; renovations of Hanover\nTavern; anniversary celebrations for the Barksdale Theatre; biographies and stories on Muriel McAuley, Pete Kilgore, Nancy Kilgore, and Randy Strawderman; obituaries for several leading theatre members including\nJay Lundy, Nancy Kilgore, and Muriel McAuley; the sale of Hanover Tavern; move of the Barksdale Theatre to Willow Lawn Shopping Center; stories relating to Richmond's other local theatres, Theatre Virginia,\nTheatre IV, and Swift Creek Mill Playhouse; lists of Richmond Times Dispatch yearly Phoebe Awards winners; and the hiring of artistic directors at the theatre.\n","Following the general clippings are clippings relating to specific productions staged by Barksdale, 1953-2002. The clippings include reviews, audition notices, and photographs relating to the productions. The\nseries also contains copies of theatre newsletters including,  Curtain Up, Dramatists Quarterly, London Theatre News, National Theatre Critic's Reviews, New York Theatre Critic's\nReviews,  and  Theatre Richmond . See also the Oversize series for oversize clippings.\n","\n\nThe Production files Series is housed in 9 boxes and arranged chronologically with the year in parenthesis indicating the date of the\nopening. The documentation for each production varies in scope and may include notes, reviews, scripts, directing books, musical scores, press releases, royalty statements, budgets, prop lists, cast contact lists,\nactors photographs and resumes, costume and set designs, rehearsal schedules, finances, invitations, advertising, memorandum, and correspondence. The later works (from the 1990's) are represented by much more\nextensive documentation than the earlier productions. The exception being  Red, Hot, and Cole  (1977), which is extensively documented and includes agreements, audition notes,\ncorrespondence, director's notebooks, invitations, reviews, scripts, sheet music, and sketches.\n","The earlier shows, 1954-1970, mainly include invitations, notes on ticket sales, play production licenses, and finances. Also included in the earlier records is a collection of correspondence and receipts\nregarding royalty fees and purchases of copies of plays, 1956-1963. Additional correspondence regarding royalty fees can be found in Series II, Correspondence, General. Of note is a ledger, 1958-1959, recording\nthe attendance and dinner reservations for performances during these years.\n","Correspondence with Muriel McAuley and the Cole Porter Trusts regarding the idea of the play and royalty rights and fees\n","Includes notes, revisions, and set designs\n","Includes notes, revisions, and set designs\n","Drawing of actors in play by Mark Longaker, 1977, and advertisement sketch\n","Recording reservations and attendance for performances\n","See Oversize Subseries 5 for a sketch of the general floor plan setting for\n Red, Hot, and Cole\n , designed by Tim Priddy, 1976\n","Partnership agreement, programs, and reviews for performances in Los Angeles, California\n","Reviews, programs, contracts, and correspondence relating to Pat Carroll's performances in\n Gertrude Stein, The Merry Wives of Windsor\n , and\n Cinderella\n","Correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, news releases, reviews, stage requirements, and contracts\n","Correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, tour schedule, reviews, contracts, invoices, and notes\n","Correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, tour schedule, reviews, contracts, invoices, and notes\n","Correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, tour schedule, reviews, contracts, invoices, and notes\n","Resumes, performance reports, photograph call schedule, reviews, correspondence, and contact sheet\n","Program drafts, press releases, advertising costs and receipts, and reviews\n","Program drafts, reviews, advertising costs and receipts, correspondence, finances, and schedule\n","Program drafts, correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, and design drawings for new theatre at Willow Lawn (Richmond, Va.)\n","Program drafts, correspondence, advertising costs and receipts, budget, rehearsal schedules, and reviews\n","Correspondence, programs, advertising costs and receipts, contact sheet, and reviews\n","Program drafts, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, actors resumes and photographs, contact sheet, and budget\n","Programs, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, reviews, flyers, directors notes, and prop list\n","Program drafts, advertising costs and receipts, reviews, and rehearsal schedule\n","Program drafts, actors resumes and photographs, advertising costs and receipts, reviews, and press releases\n","Program drafts, advertising costs and receipts, correspondence, and reviews\n","Program drafts, advertising costs and receipts, actors resumes and photographs, and memorandum\n","Programs, contact sheets, reviews, advertising costs and receipts, press releases, invitations, and performance schedule\n","Reviews, program drafts, actors resumes and photographs, schedule, press releases, correspondence, and notes\n","Reviews, program drafts, actors resumes and photographs, schedule, press releases, correspondence, and notes\n","Programs, reviews, advertising, actors resumes and photographs, press releases, and notes\n","Press releases, advertising, correspondence, costume drawings\n","Advertising, contact sheets, and reviews; see Oversize Subseries 5 for a sketch of the stage setting\n","Cast list, advertising, press releases, reviews, and cast biographical information forms\n","Program, press release, and correspondence\n","Program drafts, press releases, show schedule, contact sheets\n","Program drafts, press releases, cast biographical information forms, and advertising\n","Program, contact sheets, flyers, advertising, schedule, actors photographs and resumes, and reviews\n","Reviews, correspondence, programs, and advertising\n","Program drafts, press releases, reviews, budgets, show schedule, and advertising\n","Reviews, audition forms, correspondence, show schedule, and actors photographs and resumes\n","Contact sheets, show schedule, partial script, and newsletter\n","Program drafts, newsletters, reviews, and advertising\n","Programs, advertising, show schedule, press releases, and budget\n","Programs, reviews, and actors photographs\n","Correspondence, sketches, and script\n","\n\nThe Programs Series is housed in 9 boxes and arranged chronologically with the year in parenthesis indicating the date of the opening. Included\nare programs for a majority of the Barksdale shows, 1954-2004. Also included are a few flyers and leaflets for the earlier dates. The series also includes a box of miscellaneous programs from a variety of theatres\nincluding Barter Theatre, Richmond City Works, Richmond Symphony, Swift Creek Mill Playhouse, Theatre IV, and Theatre Virginia, 1959-1999.\n","Original sketches used in program located in Oversize Series (XI) Subseries 1 Artwork\n","\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe Theatre Management Records Series is housed in 9 boxes and arranged alphabetically into four subseries. Subseries\nhave been designated for Administrative files, Board of Trustees files, Employment files and resumes, and Marketing and advertising.\n","This subseries is housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included are articles of incorporation, brochures, bylaws, calendars,\ncontracts, envelopes, legal papers, notebooks, speeches, and pamphlets regarding workers compensation laws. Of note are the brochures on the Barksdale Theatre and Hanover Tavern, ca. 1960-1990.\n","Includes brochures on Historic Hanover County and brochures from the Barksdale Theatre. Also includes postcards and printed sketches of Hanover Tavern.\n","This subseries is housed in 4 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. This subseries includes mainly minute files of the Board of Trustees for\nboth the Barksdale Theatre and the Hanover Tavern Foundation. The minute files include agendas, budgets and finances, clippings, contracts, correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes, reports, and schedules of\nevents. Also included are the articles of incorporation and bylaws of the Hanover Tavern Foundation and lists of board members. Included is information regarding the relationship between the Barksdale Theatre and\nthe Hanover Tavern Foundation and the lease and sale of Hanover Tavern. Topics include the renovation of Hanover Tavern, move of Barksdale Theatre to Willow Lawn Shopping Center in Richmond, catering at the\nBarksdale Theatre, lawsuits, finances and ticket sales, subscription renewals, and the hiring of new staff.\n","\nThis subseries is housed in 1 box and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included is information from the Actors' Equity Association regarding\ncontracts and rules governing employment in dinner and small professional theatres. Included are some job descriptions and salary rates for jobs at the Barksdale, 1998-2000, and a personnel policy manual from the\nBarksdale, undated. The manual outlines the mission statement, employee classification, orientation and training, and employee benefits. The resumes include correspondence and photographs and are arranged\nalphabetically by last name.\n","This subseries is housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included are advertisements, correspondence, logos, programs, and\nnewsletters. Of note are the advertisements and logo sketches for Barksdale, 1993-1998, and early programs covers sponsored by Thalhimers, 1956-1957.\n\n","The Miscellaneous Series is housed in 3 boxes and arranged alphabetically by folder title. Included are brochures, correspondence,\nhistories, programs, and publications. Included is information on The Arts Council of Richmond, Carpenter Science Theatre Advisory Board, Glen Allen Cultural Arts Program, Richmond Alliance of Professional\nTheatres, and the Richmond Public Relations Association. Also included are various programs and tickets stubs from theatres in Europe, 1945, donations and correspondence to the Muriel McAuley Memorial Fund, 1998,\nand a eulogy for Nancy Kilgore, 1993. Of note are the histories of Hanover Tavern and markups and a draft to  Going on...Barksdale Theatre The First Thirty One Years , written by\nMuriel McAuley. Also of note is  The Mystery of Hanover Tavern , probably written by Muriel McAuley. These are recaps (4-6 pages each) of the year's events at Barksdale Theatre written\nas annual Christmas greetings, 1954-1958.\n","History of the Hanover Tavern, written by an unknown author\n","These are recaps (4-6 pages each) of the year's events at Barksdale Theatre written as annual Christmas greetings\n","These are recaps (4-6 pages each) of the year's events at Barksdale Theatre written as annual Christmas greetings. Includes notes to Edith Lindeman Calisch\n","Historic black and white photographs from the Valentine Museum\n","\nThe Scrapbook Series is housed in 7 boxes and arranged chronologically by date. The scrapbooks include advertisements, articles, photographs,\nprograms, reviews, and telegrams of the Barksdale Theatre shows, 1954-2000. Of note is the scrapbook which includes reviews and programs from Longwood College and Virginia Museum Theatre.\n\n","Reviews, programs, telegrams\n","Reviews and articles\n","Reviews and articles. Many used in\n Going On...The First Thirty One Years\n  book\n","Reviews and articles\n","Reviews and articles. Many used in\n Going On...The First Thirty One Years\n  book\n","Reviews, photographs, advertisements, articles\n","Reviews and articles\n","Reviews and articles\n","Reviews, photographs, articles, and signed copies of programs\n","Reviews and articles\n","Reviews and articles\n","Articles and photographs regarding bicentennial celebration in Yorktown and Hanover Tavern County Fair\n","Reviews, advertisements, and articles\n","Reviews and articles.  Barcode: 0007417932","Reviews and articles.  Barcode: 0007417933","Reviews, articles, and transcripts of TV reviews from WTVR and WRVA.  Barcode: 0007417934","Reviews, photographs, and articles.  Barcode: 0007417935","\n\nThe Oversize Series is housed in 6 oversize boxes and 1 oversized drawer and arranged alphabetically into four subseries. Subseries have been\ndesignated for Artwork, Clippings and Reviews, Posters, and Miscellaneous.\n","\nSubseries 1: Artwork (ca. 1954-1979) This subseries is housed in 1 oversize box and includes sketches from  Picnic  (1960) by Helen Hull, sketches of women's costumes, a cartoon\ndrawing of Muriel McAuley, and an oil painting of possibly a scene from  Antigone , 1954.\n\n","5 sketches\n","Subseries 2: Clippings and reviews (1990-2001) This subseries is housed in 1 oversize box and 1 oversized drawer and arranged chronologically by date. Included are reviews from the Richmond Times Dispatch\nand Style Weekly on Barksdale shows including  Golf with Alan Shepard, Three Tall Women, Red, Hot, and Cole, The Rocky Horror Picture Show, The Young Man from Atlanta, Inherit the Wind, She\nLoves Me, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, Ella and Her Fella, Frank , and the  Taming of the Shrew . Also included are articles on Pete Kilgore, Randy Strawderman,\nand the history of Hanover Tavern.\n\n","Richmond Daily Dispatch\n  (reprint)\n","RTD\n","The Nation\n","NY Times\n","RTD\n","SW\n Barcode: 0005627033","SW\n","RTD\n","RTD\n","SW\n","RTD\n","SW\n","RTD\n","RTD\n","The Freelance Star\n","The Freelance Star\n","SW\n","The Petersburg Monitor\n","SW\n","RTD\n","SW\n","RTD\n","SW Barcode: 0005627033","SW\n","SW\n","RTD\n","Richmond Free Press\n","Barcode: 0005627033","Richmond Times Dispatch\n","RTD\n","Culpepper Star Exponent\n","RTD\n","RTD\n","RTD\n","Style Weekly\n","RTD\n","SW\n","SW\n","This subseries is housed in 3 boxes and contains posters and mounted broadsides. Also included are seasonal posters and miscellaneous posters celebrating anniversaries of the Barksdale Theatre, and film and draft copies of posters. \n\n","Barcode: 0005627033","Barcode: 0005627033","25 years of Barksdale (1953-1978) by Pete Butzuer; 30 years of Barksdale (1953-1993); 1953-1981 Barksdale sign in sheet; 1954/1955\n Gold in the Hills\n  mark up poster;\n 1940's Radio Hour\n  example/mark up posters;\n Sweeney Todd\n  poster film, 1982;\n From the Mississippi Delta\n  poster film, 1998;\n Inherit the Wind\n  blow up of Scopes Monkey trial news items viewed in lobby display, 1998 October;\n Inherit the Wind\n  example/mark up posters, 1998;\n Ella and Her Fella, Frank\n  poster film, 1999; Before and after photograph scans of new Barksdale theatre in Willow Lawn; Randolph Macon faculty award to Pete Kilgore, n.d.; Theatre IV posters for\n Peter Pan\n  and a season program, n.d.; Scott Joplin's,\n Treemunisha\n , at Dogwood Dell, n.d.; Bill Nelson posters; Jazz at the Barksdale poster (rolled); 1997 season program brochure mark ups\n","Barcode: 0005627033","This subseries is housed in 1 oversize box and 1 oversize drawer. Included are architectural drawings, awards, and correspondence. Included is a lighting plot for the\nbus tour of  Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat , 1986; sketch of a stage setting for  Inherit the Wind ; sketch of a general floor plan for\n Red, Hot, and Cole ; architectural drawings of Hanover Tavern by the Historic American Building Survey, 1992; and correspondence and sketches from Hanson Associates, 1990, including\nbasement and first floor plans of Hanover Tavern. Also included are award certificates from the Art Directors Club and numerous Phoebe Awards, 1976-1988, for Barksdale actors.\n\n\n","Computer list of mailer addresses;\n I Miss that Mississippi Miss that Misses Me\n , Sheet music; Phoebe Awards received by Barksdale Theatre actors, 1976-1988; The Art Directors Club 62nd Annual Exhibition 1983 Merit Award to the Barksdale for\n Sweeney Todd\n ; Quotes for the 2nd Annual Young Writers For the Theatre New Play Festival, Studio Theatre of Richmond; Hanover Tavern Project drawings and specifications, 1992, by Historic American Building Survey (13\nsheets); Sketch of general floor plan setting for\n Red, Hot, and Cole\n , designed by Tim Priddy, 1976\n","Barcode: 0005627033","Barcode: 0005627033","Barcode: 0005627033","Includes sketch of Hanover Tavern parking area; basement floor plan of Hanover Tavern; and 1st floor plan of Hanover Tavern.  Barcode: 0005627033","Barcode: 0007417936","\nThe Photographs Series is housed in 29 boxes and arranged into seven subseries. Subseries have been designated for People, Plays, Buildings,\nContact sheets, Negatives, Slides, and Miscellaneous. Included are hundreds of photographs documenting the numerous shows and actors involved with Barksdale over the course of the last 50 years, 1954-2004. Many of\nthe photographs were identified but as the collection was being processed, Pete Kilgore and other former Barksdale actors were able to identify other photographs that were not known. Within each subseries the\nphotographs are arranged by size, 8 1/2\" x 11\", 11\" x 17\", and 20\"x 24\".\n","\nThis subseries is housed in 3 boxes, with the unidentified photographs arranged to the rear. Included are photographs of many of the early Barksdale actors, including\nBetsy Chadwell, Fred Haseltine, Helen Hayward, Helen Jervey, Nancy Kilgore, Patricia Kilgore, Pete Kilgore, Muriel McAuley, de Veax Riddick, Pat Sharp, Randy Strawderman, and Tafi Yourtee. Also arranged by size: Photographs 8 1/2\" x 11\" (Boxes 69-70), then 11\" x 17\" (Box 71).\n","This subseries is housed in 21 boxes and arranged by size, and within each size, chronologically by date of opening. This series includes a large and fine example of\nphotographs of many of the Barksdale Theatre shows, 1954-1999.\n\n","Organized chronologically by show production year. Also arranged by size: Photographs 8 1/2\" x 11\" (Boxes 72-81), then 11\" x 17\" (Boxes 82-86), then 20\" x 24\" (Boxes 87-92).\n","Includes photographs of Hanover Tavern interior and exterior; Amphitheatre at Hanover Tavern; Strawberry Banks; and Willow Lawn. Also includes copies of turn of the century photographs of Richmond.\n","This subseries is housed in 1 box and includes contacts sheets.  \n\n","This subseries is housed in 1 box and includes negatives. Also included are negative sheets for the book,\n Going On... Barksdale Theatre The First Thirty-One Years , and some negatives for various family and vacation events, 1960-1973.\n\n","Includes negatives of productions, travels, Hanover Tavern, and family. \n","This subseries is housed in 1 box and includes various photographs of family events, holidays, the Barksdale truck, Barksdale Invitational Tennis Tournament 1967,\nChristmas, yard sale 1996, and photographs used in the book,  Going On...Barksdale Theatre: The First Thirty-One Years.","Pages 1-100\n","Pages 101-199\n","Pages 200-249\n","\n\nThe Audio-Visual Materials Series is housed in 10 boxes and arranged into videos (Boxes 98-100), audio cassettes (Box 101), and reel to reel tapes (Boxes 102-107). In May 2005 Bill Rice and the staff at the Virginia Information Technology Agency (VITA) transferred original recordings to VHS, creating three copies of each master: service copy, preservation copy, and duplication master. The audio cassettes and reel to reel tapes have not yet been reformatted and are unavailable due to conservation and preservation concerns. \n","Videos listed below.","(some digitized)\n","(some digitized)\n","The Artifacts Series is housed in 2 boxes. Included are framed programs from John Golden Theatre; Plaque for Helen Walsh, Barksdale Board member; Brass Pass for Marian Herget; and a Barksdale Theatre sweatshirt."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to reproduce any audio-visual material must be obtained from Barksdale Theatre. The scripts in Series III cannot be reproduced without permission of the playwright.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to reproduce any audio-visual material must be obtained from Barksdale Theatre. The scripts in Series III cannot be reproduced without permission of the playwright.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":1555,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:51:12.909Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01258_c07_c181"}},{"id":"vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c730","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zeller, Raymond (Third Civilian Defense Region),\n\t\t1943-1945.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c730#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c730","ref_ssm":["vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c730"],"id":"vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c730","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04855","_root_":"vi_vi04855","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04855_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"vi_vi04855_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["vi_vi04855","vi_vi04855_c01","vi_vi04855_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi04855","vi_vi04855_c01","vi_vi04855_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,","Series I. Correspondence, \n\t\t1942-1945.","Correspondence, 1943-1945."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,","Series I. Correspondence, \n\t\t1942-1945.","Correspondence, 1943-1945."],"text":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,","Series I. Correspondence, \n\t\t1942-1945.","Correspondence, 1943-1945.","Zeller, Raymond (Third Civilian Defense Region),\n\t\t1943-1945.","box 29","folder 35"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zeller, Raymond (Third Civilian Defense Region),\n\t\t 1943-1945 .\n\t\t","title_ssm":["Zeller, Raymond (Third Civilian Defense Region),\n\t\t1943-1945."],"title_tesim":["Zeller, Raymond (Third Civilian Defense Region),\n\t\t1943-1945."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zeller, Raymond (Third Civilian Defense Region),\n\t\t1943-1945."],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1286,"containers_ssim":["box 29","folder 35"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#729","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:02:27.500Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi04855","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04855","_root_":"vi_vi04855","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04855","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04855.xml","title_ssm":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-1947 (bulk 1942-1944)."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1947 (bulk 1942-1944)."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["22499"],"text":["22499","Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,","98.35 cu. ft. (314 boxes)","There are no access restrictions.","Arranged by type of record and chronologically or alphabettically thereunder.","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Correspondence, 1942-1945;  Series II. Correspondence with Localities, 1942-1945;  Series III. Subject Files, 1942-1945; Series IV. Civilian Mobilization for War Services, 1942-1945; Series V. Civilian Protection, 1942-1945; Series VI. State Child Care Committee, 1942-1944; Series VII. Emergency Medical Services, 1941-1944; Series VIII. Evacuation Authority, 1942-1944; Series IX. Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities, 1942-1944; Series X. Transmissions and Directives from the Virginia Office Of Civilian Defense, 1942-1945; Series XI. Transmissions and Directives from the U.S. Office Of Civilian Defense, 1941-1945; Series XII. Financial Records, 1942-1946; Series XIII. Personnel Records, 1940-1945; Series XIV. History Files, undated; Series XV. Photographs, 1940-1945; Series XVI. Posters, 1941-1945; Series XVII. Published Materials, 1939-1947; Series XVIII. Virginia Defense Council, 1940-1942; Series XIX. Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, 1941-1942;","Governor James H. Price created the Virginia Defense Council in May 1940 by Executive Order to aid the National Defense Council by mobilizing the State's resources so that Virginia could effectively organize for protection in the event of an attack on American soil.  Colonel Mills F. Neal was appointed the first Coordinator, though he resigned in November of 1940 and was replaced by Brigadier General James A. Anderson.  J.H. Wyze was appointed Assistant Coordinator in January 1941.  Governor Price originially appointed ten members to the Council, though this number was later raised to sixteen members. The members of the Council represented activities across the state, including industry, labor, welfare, recreation, agriculture, transportation, education and the military.  The State was divided into eight Regional Defense Councils (Fredericksburg, Hampton Roads, Northern Virginia. Radford, Richmond-Petersburg-Hopewell, Shenandoah Valley, Southern Piedmont and Southwest Virginia) to assist in coordinating and managing defense activities across the state.  The Council and regional councils were advisory and had no administration authority.  The Virginia Defense Council established the Virginia Protective Force to take the place of the National Guard, which had been inducted into the Army; the Aircraft Warning Service; the Air Raid Warning System, with Warning and Control Centers; and Emergency Medical Services, which conducted surveys of medical facilities and personnel to assist in planning for medical services in case of emergency.  The Council and regional offices also organized auxilliary police and firemen, home nursing and nutrition classes, and resource conservation activities, and established Recreation Committees to support visiting soldiers.  Gen. Anderson resigned in August of 1941 and J. H. Wyze was appointed Acting Coordinator, and served in that capacity until the Virginia Defense Council was automatically dissolved on January 20, 1942, when Governor Price left office, though the Council remained active during an interim period between January 21-February 11, 1942.","The Virginia Office of Civilian Defense was established by an Act of the General Assembly (Chap. 10, Acts of 1942, House Bill 209), on February 11, 1942. Governor Colgate Darden, Jr., appointed J. H. Wyse as State Coordinator with authority to administer Civilian Defense programs at the state level and to organize and direct local defense councils.  Rather than organize under the old regional system, the Office of Civilian Defense established local defense councils in counties, cities and incorporated towns throughout the state, with the mayor or chief executive officer as the director of the local council.  The Office coordinated the activities, services and programs of the local defense councils, but this system placed responsibility for civilian defense in the hands of local public officials.","Two major divisions of the Office of Civilian Defense were Civilian Protection and Civilian Mobilization for War Services.  Civilian Protection activities were carried out by U.S. Citizens Defense Corps and included Air Raid Wardens and Shelters, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Blackout testing, Decontamination Squads, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing Services, Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Welfare Services, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Gas Program, Plant Protection, Road Repair Crews, and the State Evacuation Authority.  Civilian Mobilization for War Services was carried out by the U.S. Citizens Service Corps, which led efforts to keep the homefront strong in areas including Child Care, Consumer Programs, Health and Hospital Services, Housing Services, Library Services, Nutrition Services, Recreation and Youth Group Services, Salvage Programs, and War Bonds and Stamps.","With the defeat of Germany and Japan in 1945 the need for the office came to an end.  On November 19, 1945, Governor Darden issued an executive order abolishing the office effective January 1, 1946.","Original folder titles have been retained.\n","This collection documents the activities of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (1942-1945), and also includes some records from the Virginia Defense Council (1940-1942), and the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council (1941 Dec-1942).  Virginia Office of Civilian Defense records include series for Correspondence, Subject files, Civilian Mobilization, Civilian Protection, State Child Care Committee, Emergency Medical Service, Evacuation Authority, Coordinator fo Negro Civilian Defense Activities, Transmissions and Directives, Financial and Personnel records, History files, Photographs, Posters and Published Materials.\n","This series is housed in 29 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by surname of correspondent or by company name.  These files consist of copies of the outgoing correspondence of the Director of the Office of Civilian Defense, J. H. Wyse, as well as correspondence from Wyse by others in the office, including J. Linwood Rice (Assistant to the Coordinator), Mary V. Marks (Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization), James F. Nicholas (Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities), and John Howard (Chief Air Raid Precautions, State Plant Coordinator), among others.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives and state and federal officials.","This series is housed in 65 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of locality, with counties, cities and towns being filed together in one sequence.  These files consist of incoming correspondence from localities, copies of the outgoing correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense, reports and may contain other types of attachments, including agendas, forms, meeting summaries, memoranda, newspaper clippings, press releases, publications.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Most of the copies of outgoing correspondence can also be found in Series I. Correspondence. Outgoing correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives, but may also include correspondence with state government and federal government officials. The locality correspondence files are also further sub-divided into categories for General correspondence, Civilian Mobilization correspondence, and Civilian Protection correspondence.","The majority of the the correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense comes from J. H. Wyse, Coordinator; John J. Howard, Director of Air Raid Precautions and State Plant Protection Officer; Mary Marks, Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization; and James F. Nicholas, Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities.","General correspondence topics may include administrative activities, African American participation, appointments, compensation, conferences, field visits, insignia, meetings, organization, personnel, publications, publicity, Red Cross, service awards, and speaking engagements.","Civilian Mobilization correspondence topics may include appointments, block plans, car sharing,  child care, Citizen Service Corps, conservation of critical resources, education, field visits, food preservation, Invasion Day, Junior Citizen Service Corps, nutrition, Office of Price Administration, organization summaries and charts, rationing (food, mileage, point), recreation, salvage, training, victory gardens, war bonds, and the War Fund.","Civilian Protection correspondence topics may include air raid precautions(blackouts, dim outs, equipment, signals, warning districts and warning systems), auxiliary services (fire, police, emergency medical), bomb reconnaissance, civilian protection reporting, federal equipment (borrowing, leasing, using), gas specialists, pennants, plant protection and security programs.","The Defense Act required that local councils of defense be established in each county, city and town in the state and provided that the mayor or chief executive of cities would be named director of the local defense council, and that county boards of supervisors would appoint the director-coordinator of each county defense council.  163 local defense councils in 100 counties, 24 cities, and 39 incorporated towns, covering the entire state were organized.","This series is housed in 66 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  The subject files include correspondence, publications, and reports on a variety of topics related to civilian defense in general, and specifically to the operation of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  Topics cover all aspects of civilian defense and include aircraft and air raid warning, blackouts, civilian defense, civilian mobilization, community organizations, directives, federal equipment, industry, insignia, medical services, procedures, publications, reporting, salvage, state and federal government, supplies, and transportation. The majority of the correspondence in this series are copies, with the original incoming correspondence located the correspondence series (Series I).","This series is housed in 16 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, newsletters, publications and reports. Topics that fall under Civilian Mobilization include agriculture, block leaders, child care, consumer interests, education, food preservation, health services, home demonstration, Junior Citizens Service Corps, nutrition, rationing, recreation and services for servicemen, recreation and youth group services, salvage, victory gardens, and war bonds and stamps.","Civilian Mobilization for War Services was organized to promote strong communities to back up military operations and morale.  The state office served as a coordination point for information and , planning and Mary V. Marks served as Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization from July 1942 to October 1944.  Local Chiefs of Civilian Mobilization were named in each locality to work with the state office and existing public and private agencies and other organizations within the community to meet local needs.  The U.S. Citizens Service Corps was organized to keep the home front strong by leading the fight against ineffiency, insecurity and poor health within the community. ","The Civilian Protection series is housed in 18 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic or locality.  The series includes sub-series for Correspondence and subject files, 1942-1945, and Civilian Defense Reports, 1942-1944. ","The U.S. Citizens Defense Corps was established in each local defense council with different units organized for the protection of life and property in the locality.  Some of these units included Air Raid Wardens, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Messengers, Decontamination Squads, Demolition and Clearance Crews, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing, Resuce Squads, Utility Repair Squads, and Road Repair Crews.  The Emergency Welfare Service was established in Feb 1943 to direct and supervise emergency welfare services of local defense councils, including emergency housing and feeding in the event of attack or other disaster.  Dr. William H. Stauffer of the State Dept. of Welfare was appointed State Chief of Emergency Welfare Services and superintendents were named in local target areas.","Correspondence and subject files, 1942-1945, are housed in 16 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, bulletins, communications, conference materials, invitations, lists, memoranda, minutes, newsletters, newspaper clippings, presentations, programs, publications and reports.  Topics may include aircraft warning service, air raid shelters, blackouts, chemical warfare, control centers, dimouts, emergency preparedness, federal equipment loaned, fire protection, plant protection, protection mobilization, security, and warning centers.  \n\t\t","Civilian Protection Reports, 1942-1944, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  The pre-printed report forms (OCD Form 1) document numbers of defense staff, and numberd of volunteers in defense and service corps, and and also report on the status of protection plans and preparations (air raid warning systems, blackout systems, and control centers).  This series of reports is not complete.\n\t\t","This series is housed in 6 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, publications and reports.  Some publications in the series pre-date 1942, but were collected after 1942.  Topics may include, but are not limited to: child care (facilities, training, operation), child welfare during wartime, counseling, day care and nursery schools for children of working mothers, extended school services, federal funds, surveys, and workshops.","The State Child Care Committee was organized under the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense to stimulate interest and understanding of child care needs in Virginia; to assist localities in planning a comprehensive program of services for the care of children; and to foster and promote the coordination of efforts among public and private agencies dealing with child care, particularly in those areas in which the needs have grown as a result of the increased employment of women.  The establishment of a state child care committee was a prerequisite to obtaining federal funds to care for the children of employed mothers.  The committee was tasked with determining the needs for child care; reviewing and passing local plans concerned with child care where federal funds were used from the the President's Emergency Fund; assisting in the organization of local child care committees under the local defense councils; serving as a clearinghouse for information on child care throughout the state, and interpreting and disseminating this information; and preparing plans and suggestions to promote the proper use of existing facilities to meet the increasing demand of proper child care for children during war time.","Members of the State Child Care Committee included: R.N. Anderson, State Dept. of Education; May O. Hankins, Children's Bureua of the the Dept. of Public Welfare; Dr. Lorin A. Thompson, State Planning Board; John Hopkins Hall, Labor Commissioner; Dr. A. L. Carson, Jr., Dept. of Health; Maude Wallace, VPI Extension Service; Frank A. Cavedo, U.S. Employment Office; and Mary V. Marks, State Office of Civilian Defense and Supervisor for Civilian Mobilization.  Etta Rose Bailey, State Board of Education, served as the Executive Officer of the Committee.  Others who were highly involved with the Committee include: M. Frances Cromwell, State Supervisor of Extended School Services; Ruth Henderson, Supervisor of Elementary Education for the State Board of Education; and Dr. Dabney s. Lancaster, Superintendent of Public Instruction for the State Board of Education.","This series is housed in 12 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for general correspondence, correspondence with localities, and subject files.   The majority of the correspondence is with Edgar C. Harper, MD, Deputy Chief of Emergency Medical Services, and Sarah R. Radcliffe, RN, Nurse Deputy of Emergency Medical Services and local civilian defense councils.  These files may include incoming and outgoing correspondence, bulletins, circulars, forms, incident reports, instructions, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, notices, oaths, orders, plans, publications, questionnaires/surveys and reports.  Topics include but are not limited to: Affiliated Hospital Units, appointments (Emergency Medical Officers and local Nurse Deputies), Army hotel hospitals, blood plasma, chemical warfare, emergency base hospitals, equipment and supplies, establishment of local units, evacuation of casualties, federal government, home nursing, hospitalization, medical field units, meetings, nursing aides, organization of EMS and nurse services, policies and procedures, recruitment of staff, and transportation.","Emergency Medical Services (EMS) was responsible for the organization and training of local emergency medical personnel, preparation of hospital facilities for providing medical services to casualties that may result from bombing or sabotage, evacuation of casualties, supplying blood plasma and other medical supplies and equipment, setting up emergency base hospitals, and furnishing medical teams to areas in distress.  EMS was also responsible for the preparation of plans designed to prevent or alleviate any medical or public health hazards to which the civilian population may be exposed, and acted as liaison with federal agencies concerned with public health and medical care.  EMS was led by Dr. I.C. Riggin, Chief Emergency Medical Services, Deputy Director E.C. Harper, Hospital Officer M.H. Coleman, and State Nurse Deputy Sarah R. Radcliffe, who assisted in providing nursing services for emergencies.  Local EMS plans consisted of field casualty service, casualty receiving hospitals, ambulance transport, and emergency base hospitals to receive patients transferred from casualty receiving hospitals.  Local Chiefs of Emergency Medical Services were appointed in localities and Emergency Medical Field Units organized personnel, transportation, medical and surgical equipment, casualty stations and first aid posts, decontamination stations, and rescue squads and stretcher teams.","Correspondence files, 1942-1944, consist of 2 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t","Correspondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 5 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence.  Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically.","Subject files, 1942-1944, consist of 9 boxes and are arragned alphabetically by topic.","This State Evacuation Authority series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for subject files, locality files, correspondence, and evacuation facility files. These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, forms, meeting records, maps, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, plans, publications and reports.","The State Evacuation Authority was created by Civlian Defense Executive Order No. 88 on August 12, 1942, to cooperate with national regional evacuation authorities and to establish evacuation programs in the state in the event of bombings or other disasters.  The Authority was charged with making surveys and plans and setting up area or local evacuation authorities in order to expedite the evacuation of the civilian population in case of attack or other emergency.  Concerns during an emergency evacuation including housing, medical assitance, and food for evacuees.  The Authority was also charged with cooperating with the federal government and act on their behalf in the expenditure of federal funds.  Members included Chairman, J. H. Wyse, State Office of Civilian Defense; Hon. Gordon B. Ambler, Director, Richmond Office of Civilian Defense; Brig. Gen. James A. Anderson, State Highway Commissioner; Dabney S. Lancaster, State Superintendent of Public Instruction; William L. Leap, General Field Representative, Eastern Area, American Red Cross; Raymond B. Long, Director, State Planning Board; Dr. William H. Stauffer, State Commissioner of Public Welfare; L. M. Walker, Jr., State Commissioner of Agriculture; Maude Wallace, Assistant Director, V.P.I. Extension Service; Brig. Gen. S. Gardner Waller, Adjutant General of Virginia and Major C. W. Woodson, Superintendent, Virginia State Police. ","Subject files, 1942-1943, are housed in 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Includes of correspondence, maps, meeting records, minutes, plans, publications, and reports.  Topics include evacuation planning and logistics, area evacuation authorities, evacuation authorities in other states, housing, and meetings.\n\t\t","Locality files, 1943, consist of 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  Includes correspondence of Julian Brooks, Exective Officer of the Virginia Evacuation Authority, both incoming and copies of outgoing correspondence with local civilian defense councils. May also include a few publications, ephemera, maps, and proclamations.  Topics include facilities for evacuees, housing surveys, meeting planning and notes, organization of local evacuation committees, and various topics of local interest. \n\t\t","Correspondence, 1942-1944, is housed in 1 box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent.  Correspondence is between Julian Brooks and Virginia Evacuation Authority members or other evacuation officials, and covers topics such as meetings, evacuation planning and organization, and publication distribution.\n\t\t","The Evacuation Facilities files, 1943, are house in 1 box and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  These files include correspondence, data and survey forms, maps and reports.  The majority of the correspondence is between Julian Brooks and local officals.  Data forms include information about a locality, including names of civilian defense officials, population, names of local government officials, and meeting notes.  American Red Cross survey forms of local chapter resources include address, population served, names of committee chairmen, and specific information about the Disaster Committee, and food, shelter, clothing, transportation and medicial aid organization, and personnel analysis.  Reports contain information about localities and facility capacity.\n\t\t","The Negro Civilian Defense Activities series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for correspondence with localities, and correspondence and subject files. These files were maintained by Coordinator James F. Nicholas and include incoming and outgoing correspondence, meeting and conference notes, memoranda, news clippings, publications and reports.  Topics include local representatives (appointments, recommendations, resignations), programming, reporting, training, meetings and prospective visits, and issues of local interest. Original folder titles have been retained.","Special interest items include: Program and Proceedings of the 38th Annual Session Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1942, and Program of the 39th Annual Gathering of The Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 16); Program of the 66th Annual Celebration of the Emancipation of the Colored People in the USA (Emancipation Proclamation Association), Tappahannock, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 23); Pamphlet - Fairfax County Colored Citizens Assocaition, 1941 (Box 212, Folder 24); Program - Tenth Annual Commencement Exercises of the Medical College of Virginia, St. Philip School of Nursing, 1944 (Box 215, Folder 13); Pamphlet - The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Dedication of Service Flag, Manassas Industrial School, 1943 (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Thirtieth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society of Virginia, Chatham, 1942 (Box 215, Folder 15); Silver Jubilee Program of the Twenty-fifth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society, Charlotte Court House, 1937 (Box 215, Folder 15); and Pamphlet - Negro Organization Society, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 15).","James F. Nicholas was appointed Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities in June of 1942 and tasked with coordinating African American participation in protective and war service activities.  He worked with local defense councils to secure African American represenation and to increase volunteer involvement in local war time endeavors.  He also worked closely with the Racial Relations Advisor of the Third Civilian Defense Region.  Nicholas resigned in August 1944 to take a position at Virginia State College.","Correspondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 3 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence. Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically. \n\t\t","Correspondence and subject files, 1941-1944, consists of 4 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence, lists, newsletters, reports, transmissions from the U.S. Office of Civilian Defense (bulletins, digest, notices, operations letters, orders) and the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (correspondence, instructions, memoranda, publications, reports), topical files, and reports. Arranged alphabetically. Some items may pre-date 1942, but all files were created 1942-1944.\n\t\t","The Virginia Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives series is housed in 8 boxes and consists of official communications sent out by the VAOCD.  Includes bulletins, exectuive orders, informational memoranda, memoranda, operations letters and transmittal letters.","Bulletins, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and include communications sent by J. H. Wyze, State Coordinator.  The majority of the bulletins are addressed to local defense coordinators.  Arranged in bulletin number order. \n\t\t","Executive orders, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and are arranged by order number. The executive orders are signed by Governor Colgate W. Darden, with the majority of the orders issued in 1942.  Topics include the establishment of local defense councils and metropolitan areas, air raids, blackouts, dimouts and evacuation authority. Executive order No. 91 has not been located.\n\t\t","Informational memoranda, 1942-1945, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged by memoranda number. The informational memoranda are from J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, or his designee, and are mainly directed towards executive officers, local directors and coordinators, and local government officials.  Several memoranda are missing from this sequence.  Also includes a chronological list of informational memoranda (1 v.)\n\t\t","Memoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged chronologically. The memoranda are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors.  Some memoranda include referenced attachments.  It is not known why these particular memoranda were separated out and filed together as a series by the Office of Civilian Defense, as many other memoranda were also sent.\n\t\t","Operations procedures, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in procedure number order. The operation procedures are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These procedures include information on general operations and regulations, and any changes to those.\n\t\t","Transmittal letters, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in letter number order. The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These directives are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Some letters include referenced attachments.\n\t\t","Transmittal memoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in memoranda number order. Only includes No. 16-20.  The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These memoranda are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Referenced attachments are not included.\n\t\t","The U.S. Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives (USOCD) series is housed in 4 boxes and consists of official communications issued by the USOCD.  Includes administrative orders, bulletins, circulars, notices and opertions letters.","Administrative orders, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged in amendment number order.  The following administrative orders are not included in this series: 7, 8, 10, 17, 22, 28, 35, 36 and 37. \n\t\t","Bulletins, 1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of bulletin, and by bulletin number thereunder.  Includes general, protection and war services bulletins.  Incomplete series.  Bulletins replaced operations letters nad circulars  on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t","Circulars, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of circular, and by circular number thereunder.  Includes general, medical, mobilization, protection and war service series of circulars.  Incomplete series.  Circulars were replaced by bulletins on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t","Manual, 1943, consists 1 compiled volume and includes circulars, memoranda, regulations, instructions and forms related to federal equipment and the duties of property officers.\n\t\t","Notices, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged chronologically.\n\t\t","Operations letters, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged numerically by letter number.\n\t\t","Financial records, 1942-1946, are housed in 2 boxes and document fiscal matters related to the Office of Civilian Defense, including appropriations, budgeting and expeditures.  Includes allotments, budgets, correspondence, instructions, ledgers, memoranda, published material and reports. ","Personnel records, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically.  These records document personnel and compensation responsibilites of the Office of Civilian Defense, including hiring, payroll, salaries and benefits, and resignations.  Includes applications, correspondence, forms, memoranda, procedures, publicationas, reports, rules, and regulations. ","History files are housed in 3 boxes and provide a chronology and narrative account of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  This series includes A Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, and the multi-part Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, which is divided into nine books and also includes draft files.  The history is divided into three distinct periods: Period I, May 30, 1940-Jan 20 1942 (Virginia Defense Council); Period II, Jan 21-Feb 11, 1942 (Interim period); and Period III, Feb 11, 1942-June 30, 1943 (Virginia Office of Civilian Defense).  The history files cover organization, membership and staff of the Virginia Defense Council and Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and provide detailed summaries of activities and services.","A Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, was compiled by Virginia Office of Civilian Defense staff and covers Period I, Period II, and the beginning of Period III. ","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 1 (p.1-129) covers Period I and includes chapters on Organization and Activities; Period II; and Period III, which includes chapters on Organization, U.S. Citizens Defense Corps.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 2 (p. 130-209) covers Period III and includes chapters on Other Activities, Air Raid Precautions, and State Control Center.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 3 (p. 210-367) covers Period III and includes Governor Darden's Executive Orders related to civilian defense.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 4 (p. 368-443) covers Period III, specifically Section II. Civilian Mobilization, and includes chapters on Civilian Mobilization and Negro Activities.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 5 (p. 444-602) covers Period III and includes Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 6 (p. 603-649) covers Period III and includes Miscellaneous topics.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 7 (p. 650-772) covers Period III and includes Related Activities.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 8 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes Information Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, No. 86 (July 3, 1942) to No. 242 (July 8, 1944).","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 9 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes memoranda, bulletins, transmittal letters, and operations procedures issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.","Photographs, 1940-1945, are housed in 1 box and appear to be photographs that were used in the Civilian Defense newsletters.  When identified by individual, topic or poster title, photographs are in alphabetical order within each type, with miscellaneous, unidentified photographs being grouped together in the last folder. ","Posters, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Includes posters, broadsides, and advertisements.","Published materials include books, brochures, bulletins, journals, newsletters, pamphelts, reprints of articles, and other publications.  These materials were boxes separately from the rest of the collection and other published materials can be found throughout the collection.","Brochures and pamphlets, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged alphabetically. Includes educational and promotional brochures and pamphlets, as well as advertisements, recipe booklets and small informational broadsides.  These items were found loose at the end of the collection, but these types of materials are also found throughout the collection, especialy in the various subject files series.\n\t\t","Newsletters and journals, 1942-1944, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. This collection of bulletins, journals, and newsletters was found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include articles of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other periodicals can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t","Publications, 1939-1947, are housed in 8 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. These publications were found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include publications of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other publications can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t","Scrapbooks, 1940-1945, are housed in 5 boxes and are arranged chronologically. These scrapbooks were maintained by the Virginia Defense Council and later the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and contain newspaper clippings of articles related to civilian defense activities from various newspapers throughout the state.\n\t\t","This series is housed in X boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, subject files, and minutes.","Correspondence files, 1940, consist of 1 box and include both incoming and outgoing correspondence of various Virginia Defense Council members, including Mills F. Neal, Coordinator of the Virginia Defense Council.\n\t\t","Correspondence files, 1940 Dec-1941 Dec, consist of 3 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence from General James A. Anderson, Coordinator; and J. H. Wyse, Assistant Coordinator, and later Acting Coordinator.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t","Correspondence with Regional Defense Councils, 1941-1942, is housed in 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of defense council. Includes incoming and outgoing correspondence of J. H. Wyse, Acting Coordinator (later Coordinator of the Virginia Office Office of Civilian Defense), as well as memoranda and reports. \n\t\t","Memoranda, 1940-1942, are housed in 1 box and are arranged numerically by memoranda numer. Includes memoranda from the Virginia Defense Council Coordinator to all Virginia Defense Council members.\n\t\t","Minutes, 1940-1942, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged chronologically. Includes one volume of official minutes with attachements, and loose materials that include copies of minutes, drafts, memoranda, reports, agendas and newspaper clippings.  Includes minutes for the full Virginia Defense Council, as well as the Executive Committee.\n\t\t","Subject files, 1940-1941, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Files were kept separately for 1940 and for 1941 and that arrangement is reflected in this series.\n\t\t","This series is housed in 10 boxes and sub-series are arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, correspondence with local councils, and subject files.  These files were kept by Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary of the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, between 1941 Dec and mid-1942, and appear to have been forwarded to Office of Civilian Defense.  The reason for this is unclear, as no other records kept by Region Defense Councils were found in this collection.","Correspondence files, 1941-1942, consists of 4 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence of Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary with local, state, and federal officials, as well as Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council members and local area coordinators.  Topics include appointments, blackout ordinances, defense bonds and stamps, logistics, meetings, rationing, reporting, transition to new local defense council model, and other topics of local interest.  Files may also include reports and publications.\n\t\t","Correspondence with local councils, 1941-1942, consists of 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by local defense council.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence between Thomas P. Shelburne, Executive Secretary, and local defense council coordinators.  The majority of the correspondence is related to administrative and logistical matters.  May slso include membership lists, organization charts, plans, precinct information, reports, and checklists for coordinators, which include detailed information about each local council.  Folder titles include the county, local area council and coordinator.\n\t\t","Subject files, 1941-1942, consist of 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically.  These topical files include correspondence, lists, memoranda, minutes, publications, and reports.  Topics include civilian protection, coordination of local councils, health, rationing and salvage, among others. \n\t\t","There are 5 oversize boxes that consist of larger size materials pulled from throughout the collection.  Separation notices in collection will point to the correct oversize box."],"unitid_tesim":["22499"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense,"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Office of Civilian Defense."],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Office of Civilian Defense."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accession 22499 was transferred by the Virginia World War II History Commission on 8/10/1950"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["98.35 cu. ft. (314 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged by type of record and chronologically or alphabettically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"simple\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries I. Correspondence, 1942-1945; \u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries II. Correspondence with Localities, 1942-1945; \u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries III. Subject Files, 1942-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Civilian Mobilization for War Services, 1942-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Civilian Protection, 1942-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. State Child Care Committee, 1942-1944;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Emergency Medical Services, 1941-1944;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Evacuation Authority, 1942-1944;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities, 1942-1944;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries X. Transmissions and Directives from the Virginia Office Of Civilian Defense, 1942-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XI. Transmissions and Directives from the U.S. Office Of Civilian Defense, 1941-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XII. Financial Records, 1942-1946;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XIII. Personnel Records, 1940-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XIV. History Files, undated;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XV. Photographs, 1940-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XVI. Posters, 1941-1945;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XVII. Published Materials, 1939-1947;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XVIII. Virginia Defense Council, 1940-1942;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\u003citem\u003eSeries XIX. Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, 1941-1942;\u003c/item\u003e\n\t\n      \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged by type of record and chronologically or alphabettically thereunder.","This collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Correspondence, 1942-1945;  Series II. Correspondence with Localities, 1942-1945;  Series III. Subject Files, 1942-1945; Series IV. Civilian Mobilization for War Services, 1942-1945; Series V. Civilian Protection, 1942-1945; Series VI. State Child Care Committee, 1942-1944; Series VII. Emergency Medical Services, 1941-1944; Series VIII. Evacuation Authority, 1942-1944; Series IX. Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities, 1942-1944; Series X. Transmissions and Directives from the Virginia Office Of Civilian Defense, 1942-1945; Series XI. Transmissions and Directives from the U.S. Office Of Civilian Defense, 1941-1945; Series XII. Financial Records, 1942-1946; Series XIII. Personnel Records, 1940-1945; Series XIV. History Files, undated; Series XV. Photographs, 1940-1945; Series XVI. Posters, 1941-1945; Series XVII. Published Materials, 1939-1947; Series XVIII. Virginia Defense Council, 1940-1942; Series XIX. Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, 1941-1942;"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGovernor James H. Price created the Virginia Defense Council in May 1940 by Executive Order to aid the National Defense Council by mobilizing the State's resources so that Virginia could effectively organize for protection in the event of an attack on American soil.  Colonel Mills F. Neal was appointed the first Coordinator, though he resigned in November of 1940 and was replaced by Brigadier General James A. Anderson.  J.H. Wyze was appointed Assistant Coordinator in January 1941.  Governor Price originially appointed ten members to the Council, though this number was later raised to sixteen members. The members of the Council represented activities across the state, including industry, labor, welfare, recreation, agriculture, transportation, education and the military.  The State was divided into eight Regional Defense Councils (Fredericksburg, Hampton Roads, Northern Virginia. Radford, Richmond-Petersburg-Hopewell, Shenandoah Valley, Southern Piedmont and Southwest Virginia) to assist in coordinating and managing defense activities across the state.  The Council and regional councils were advisory and had no administration authority.  The Virginia Defense Council established the Virginia Protective Force to take the place of the National Guard, which had been inducted into the Army; the Aircraft Warning Service; the Air Raid Warning System, with Warning and Control Centers; and Emergency Medical Services, which conducted surveys of medical facilities and personnel to assist in planning for medical services in case of emergency.  The Council and regional offices also organized auxilliary police and firemen, home nursing and nutrition classes, and resource conservation activities, and established Recreation Committees to support visiting soldiers.  Gen. Anderson resigned in August of 1941 and J. H. Wyze was appointed Acting Coordinator, and served in that capacity until the Virginia Defense Council was automatically dissolved on January 20, 1942, when Governor Price left office, though the Council remained active during an interim period between January 21-February 11, 1942.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Office of Civilian Defense was established by an Act of the General Assembly (Chap. 10, Acts of 1942, House Bill 209), on February 11, 1942. Governor Colgate Darden, Jr., appointed J. H. Wyse as State Coordinator with authority to administer Civilian Defense programs at the state level and to organize and direct local defense councils.  Rather than organize under the old regional system, the Office of Civilian Defense established local defense councils in counties, cities and incorporated towns throughout the state, with the mayor or chief executive officer as the director of the local council.  The Office coordinated the activities, services and programs of the local defense councils, but this system placed responsibility for civilian defense in the hands of local public officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo major divisions of the Office of Civilian Defense were Civilian Protection and Civilian Mobilization for War Services.  Civilian Protection activities were carried out by U.S. Citizens Defense Corps and included Air Raid Wardens and Shelters, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Blackout testing, Decontamination Squads, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing Services, Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Welfare Services, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Gas Program, Plant Protection, Road Repair Crews, and the State Evacuation Authority.  Civilian Mobilization for War Services was carried out by the U.S. Citizens Service Corps, which led efforts to keep the homefront strong in areas including Child Care, Consumer Programs, Health and Hospital Services, Housing Services, Library Services, Nutrition Services, Recreation and Youth Group Services, Salvage Programs, and War Bonds and Stamps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWith the defeat of Germany and Japan in 1945 the need for the office came to an end.  On November 19, 1945, Governor Darden issued an executive order abolishing the office effective January 1, 1946.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Governor James H. Price created the Virginia Defense Council in May 1940 by Executive Order to aid the National Defense Council by mobilizing the State's resources so that Virginia could effectively organize for protection in the event of an attack on American soil.  Colonel Mills F. Neal was appointed the first Coordinator, though he resigned in November of 1940 and was replaced by Brigadier General James A. Anderson.  J.H. Wyze was appointed Assistant Coordinator in January 1941.  Governor Price originially appointed ten members to the Council, though this number was later raised to sixteen members. The members of the Council represented activities across the state, including industry, labor, welfare, recreation, agriculture, transportation, education and the military.  The State was divided into eight Regional Defense Councils (Fredericksburg, Hampton Roads, Northern Virginia. Radford, Richmond-Petersburg-Hopewell, Shenandoah Valley, Southern Piedmont and Southwest Virginia) to assist in coordinating and managing defense activities across the state.  The Council and regional councils were advisory and had no administration authority.  The Virginia Defense Council established the Virginia Protective Force to take the place of the National Guard, which had been inducted into the Army; the Aircraft Warning Service; the Air Raid Warning System, with Warning and Control Centers; and Emergency Medical Services, which conducted surveys of medical facilities and personnel to assist in planning for medical services in case of emergency.  The Council and regional offices also organized auxilliary police and firemen, home nursing and nutrition classes, and resource conservation activities, and established Recreation Committees to support visiting soldiers.  Gen. Anderson resigned in August of 1941 and J. H. Wyze was appointed Acting Coordinator, and served in that capacity until the Virginia Defense Council was automatically dissolved on January 20, 1942, when Governor Price left office, though the Council remained active during an interim period between January 21-February 11, 1942.","The Virginia Office of Civilian Defense was established by an Act of the General Assembly (Chap. 10, Acts of 1942, House Bill 209), on February 11, 1942. Governor Colgate Darden, Jr., appointed J. H. Wyse as State Coordinator with authority to administer Civilian Defense programs at the state level and to organize and direct local defense councils.  Rather than organize under the old regional system, the Office of Civilian Defense established local defense councils in counties, cities and incorporated towns throughout the state, with the mayor or chief executive officer as the director of the local council.  The Office coordinated the activities, services and programs of the local defense councils, but this system placed responsibility for civilian defense in the hands of local public officials.","Two major divisions of the Office of Civilian Defense were Civilian Protection and Civilian Mobilization for War Services.  Civilian Protection activities were carried out by U.S. Citizens Defense Corps and included Air Raid Wardens and Shelters, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Blackout testing, Decontamination Squads, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing Services, Emergency Medical Services, Emergency Welfare Services, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Gas Program, Plant Protection, Road Repair Crews, and the State Evacuation Authority.  Civilian Mobilization for War Services was carried out by the U.S. Citizens Service Corps, which led efforts to keep the homefront strong in areas including Child Care, Consumer Programs, Health and Hospital Services, Housing Services, Library Services, Nutrition Services, Recreation and Youth Group Services, Salvage Programs, and War Bonds and Stamps.","With the defeat of Germany and Japan in 1945 the need for the office came to an end.  On November 19, 1945, Governor Darden issued an executive order abolishing the office effective January 1, 1946."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, 1939-1947 (bulk 1942-1944). Accession 22499, State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, 1939-1947 (bulk 1942-1944). Accession 22499, State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOriginal folder titles have been retained.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Original folder titles have been retained.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the activities of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (1942-1945), and also includes some records from the Virginia Defense Council (1940-1942), and the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council (1941 Dec-1942).  Virginia Office of Civilian Defense records include series for Correspondence, Subject files, Civilian Mobilization, Civilian Protection, State Child Care Committee, Emergency Medical Service, Evacuation Authority, Coordinator fo Negro Civilian Defense Activities, Transmissions and Directives, Financial and Personnel records, History files, Photographs, Posters and Published Materials.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 29 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by surname of correspondent or by company name.  These files consist of copies of the outgoing correspondence of the Director of the Office of Civilian Defense, J. H. Wyse, as well as correspondence from Wyse by others in the office, including J. Linwood Rice (Assistant to the Coordinator), Mary V. Marks (Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization), James F. Nicholas (Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities), and John Howard (Chief Air Raid Precautions, State Plant Coordinator), among others.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives and state and federal officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 65 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of locality, with counties, cities and towns being filed together in one sequence.  These files consist of incoming correspondence from localities, copies of the outgoing correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense, reports and may contain other types of attachments, including agendas, forms, meeting summaries, memoranda, newspaper clippings, press releases, publications.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Most of the copies of outgoing correspondence can also be found in Series I. Correspondence. Outgoing correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives, but may also include correspondence with state government and federal government officials. The locality correspondence files are also further sub-divided into categories for General correspondence, Civilian Mobilization correspondence, and Civilian Protection correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the the correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense comes from J. H. Wyse, Coordinator; John J. Howard, Director of Air Raid Precautions and State Plant Protection Officer; Mary Marks, Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization; and James F. Nicholas, Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral correspondence topics may include administrative activities, African American participation, appointments, compensation, conferences, field visits, insignia, meetings, organization, personnel, publications, publicity, Red Cross, service awards, and speaking engagements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilian Mobilization correspondence topics may include appointments, block plans, car sharing,  child care, Citizen Service Corps, conservation of critical resources, education, field visits, food preservation, Invasion Day, Junior Citizen Service Corps, nutrition, Office of Price Administration, organization summaries and charts, rationing (food, mileage, point), recreation, salvage, training, victory gardens, war bonds, and the War Fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilian Protection correspondence topics may include air raid precautions(blackouts, dim outs, equipment, signals, warning districts and warning systems), auxiliary services (fire, police, emergency medical), bomb reconnaissance, civilian protection reporting, federal equipment (borrowing, leasing, using), gas specialists, pennants, plant protection and security programs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Defense Act required that local councils of defense be established in each county, city and town in the state and provided that the mayor or chief executive of cities would be named director of the local defense council, and that county boards of supervisors would appoint the director-coordinator of each county defense council.  163 local defense councils in 100 counties, 24 cities, and 39 incorporated towns, covering the entire state were organized.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 66 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  The subject files include correspondence, publications, and reports on a variety of topics related to civilian defense in general, and specifically to the operation of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  Topics cover all aspects of civilian defense and include aircraft and air raid warning, blackouts, civilian defense, civilian mobilization, community organizations, directives, federal equipment, industry, insignia, medical services, procedures, publications, reporting, salvage, state and federal government, supplies, and transportation. The majority of the correspondence in this series are copies, with the original incoming correspondence located the correspondence series (Series I).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 16 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, newsletters, publications and reports. Topics that fall under Civilian Mobilization include agriculture, block leaders, child care, consumer interests, education, food preservation, health services, home demonstration, Junior Citizens Service Corps, nutrition, rationing, recreation and services for servicemen, recreation and youth group services, salvage, victory gardens, and war bonds and stamps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilian Mobilization for War Services was organized to promote strong communities to back up military operations and morale.  The state office served as a coordination point for information and , planning and Mary V. Marks served as Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization from July 1942 to October 1944.  Local Chiefs of Civilian Mobilization were named in each locality to work with the state office and existing public and private agencies and other organizations within the community to meet local needs.  The U.S. Citizens Service Corps was organized to keep the home front strong by leading the fight against ineffiency, insecurity and poor health within the community. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Civilian Protection series is housed in 18 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic or locality.  The series includes sub-series for Correspondence and subject files, 1942-1945, and Civilian Defense Reports, 1942-1944. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Citizens Defense Corps was established in each local defense council with different units organized for the protection of life and property in the locality.  Some of these units included Air Raid Wardens, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Messengers, Decontamination Squads, Demolition and Clearance Crews, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing, Resuce Squads, Utility Repair Squads, and Road Repair Crews.  The Emergency Welfare Service was established in Feb 1943 to direct and supervise emergency welfare services of local defense councils, including emergency housing and feeding in the event of attack or other disaster.  Dr. William H. Stauffer of the State Dept. of Welfare was appointed State Chief of Emergency Welfare Services and superintendents were named in local target areas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and subject files, 1942-1945, are housed in 16 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, bulletins, communications, conference materials, invitations, lists, memoranda, minutes, newsletters, newspaper clippings, presentations, programs, publications and reports.  Topics may include aircraft warning service, air raid shelters, blackouts, chemical warfare, control centers, dimouts, emergency preparedness, federal equipment loaned, fire protection, plant protection, protection mobilization, security, and warning centers.  \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCivilian Protection Reports, 1942-1944, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  The pre-printed report forms (OCD Form 1) document numbers of defense staff, and numberd of volunteers in defense and service corps, and and also report on the status of protection plans and preparations (air raid warning systems, blackout systems, and control centers).  This series of reports is not complete.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 6 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, publications and reports.  Some publications in the series pre-date 1942, but were collected after 1942.  Topics may include, but are not limited to: child care (facilities, training, operation), child welfare during wartime, counseling, day care and nursery schools for children of working mothers, extended school services, federal funds, surveys, and workshops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe State Child Care Committee was organized under the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense to stimulate interest and understanding of child care needs in Virginia; to assist localities in planning a comprehensive program of services for the care of children; and to foster and promote the coordination of efforts among public and private agencies dealing with child care, particularly in those areas in which the needs have grown as a result of the increased employment of women.  The establishment of a state child care committee was a prerequisite to obtaining federal funds to care for the children of employed mothers.  The committee was tasked with determining the needs for child care; reviewing and passing local plans concerned with child care where federal funds were used from the the President's Emergency Fund; assisting in the organization of local child care committees under the local defense councils; serving as a clearinghouse for information on child care throughout the state, and interpreting and disseminating this information; and preparing plans and suggestions to promote the proper use of existing facilities to meet the increasing demand of proper child care for children during war time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembers of the State Child Care Committee included: R.N. Anderson, State Dept. of Education; May O. Hankins, Children's Bureua of the the Dept. of Public Welfare; Dr. Lorin A. Thompson, State Planning Board; John Hopkins Hall, Labor Commissioner; Dr. A. L. Carson, Jr., Dept. of Health; Maude Wallace, VPI Extension Service; Frank A. Cavedo, U.S. Employment Office; and Mary V. Marks, State Office of Civilian Defense and Supervisor for Civilian Mobilization.  Etta Rose Bailey, State Board of Education, served as the Executive Officer of the Committee.  Others who were highly involved with the Committee include: M. Frances Cromwell, State Supervisor of Extended School Services; Ruth Henderson, Supervisor of Elementary Education for the State Board of Education; and Dr. Dabney s. Lancaster, Superintendent of Public Instruction for the State Board of Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 12 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for general correspondence, correspondence with localities, and subject files.   The majority of the correspondence is with Edgar C. Harper, MD, Deputy Chief of Emergency Medical Services, and Sarah R. Radcliffe, RN, Nurse Deputy of Emergency Medical Services and local civilian defense councils.  These files may include incoming and outgoing correspondence, bulletins, circulars, forms, incident reports, instructions, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, notices, oaths, orders, plans, publications, questionnaires/surveys and reports.  Topics include but are not limited to: Affiliated Hospital Units, appointments (Emergency Medical Officers and local Nurse Deputies), Army hotel hospitals, blood plasma, chemical warfare, emergency base hospitals, equipment and supplies, establishment of local units, evacuation of casualties, federal government, home nursing, hospitalization, medical field units, meetings, nursing aides, organization of EMS and nurse services, policies and procedures, recruitment of staff, and transportation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmergency Medical Services (EMS) was responsible for the organization and training of local emergency medical personnel, preparation of hospital facilities for providing medical services to casualties that may result from bombing or sabotage, evacuation of casualties, supplying blood plasma and other medical supplies and equipment, setting up emergency base hospitals, and furnishing medical teams to areas in distress.  EMS was also responsible for the preparation of plans designed to prevent or alleviate any medical or public health hazards to which the civilian population may be exposed, and acted as liaison with federal agencies concerned with public health and medical care.  EMS was led by Dr. I.C. Riggin, Chief Emergency Medical Services, Deputy Director E.C. Harper, Hospital Officer M.H. Coleman, and State Nurse Deputy Sarah R. Radcliffe, who assisted in providing nursing services for emergencies.  Local EMS plans consisted of field casualty service, casualty receiving hospitals, ambulance transport, and emergency base hospitals to receive patients transferred from casualty receiving hospitals.  Local Chiefs of Emergency Medical Services were appointed in localities and Emergency Medical Field Units organized personnel, transportation, medical and surgical equipment, casualty stations and first aid posts, decontamination stations, and rescue squads and stretcher teams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence files, 1942-1944, consist of 2 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 5 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence.  Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject files, 1942-1944, consist of 9 boxes and are arragned alphabetically by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis State Evacuation Authority series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for subject files, locality files, correspondence, and evacuation facility files. These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, forms, meeting records, maps, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, plans, publications and reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe State Evacuation Authority was created by Civlian Defense Executive Order No. 88 on August 12, 1942, to cooperate with national regional evacuation authorities and to establish evacuation programs in the state in the event of bombings or other disasters.  The Authority was charged with making surveys and plans and setting up area or local evacuation authorities in order to expedite the evacuation of the civilian population in case of attack or other emergency.  Concerns during an emergency evacuation including housing, medical assitance, and food for evacuees.  The Authority was also charged with cooperating with the federal government and act on their behalf in the expenditure of federal funds.  Members included Chairman, J. H. Wyse, State Office of Civilian Defense; Hon. Gordon B. Ambler, Director, Richmond Office of Civilian Defense; Brig. Gen. James A. Anderson, State Highway Commissioner; Dabney S. Lancaster, State Superintendent of Public Instruction; William L. Leap, General Field Representative, Eastern Area, American Red Cross; Raymond B. Long, Director, State Planning Board; Dr. William H. Stauffer, State Commissioner of Public Welfare; L. M. Walker, Jr., State Commissioner of Agriculture; Maude Wallace, Assistant Director, V.P.I. Extension Service; Brig. Gen. S. Gardner Waller, Adjutant General of Virginia and Major C. W. Woodson, Superintendent, Virginia State Police. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject files, 1942-1943, are housed in 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Includes of correspondence, maps, meeting records, minutes, plans, publications, and reports.  Topics include evacuation planning and logistics, area evacuation authorities, evacuation authorities in other states, housing, and meetings.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLocality files, 1943, consist of 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  Includes correspondence of Julian Brooks, Exective Officer of the Virginia Evacuation Authority, both incoming and copies of outgoing correspondence with local civilian defense councils. May also include a few publications, ephemera, maps, and proclamations.  Topics include facilities for evacuees, housing surveys, meeting planning and notes, organization of local evacuation committees, and various topics of local interest. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1942-1944, is housed in 1 box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent.  Correspondence is between Julian Brooks and Virginia Evacuation Authority members or other evacuation officials, and covers topics such as meetings, evacuation planning and organization, and publication distribution.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Evacuation Facilities files, 1943, are house in 1 box and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  These files include correspondence, data and survey forms, maps and reports.  The majority of the correspondence is between Julian Brooks and local officals.  Data forms include information about a locality, including names of civilian defense officials, population, names of local government officials, and meeting notes.  American Red Cross survey forms of local chapter resources include address, population served, names of committee chairmen, and specific information about the Disaster Committee, and food, shelter, clothing, transportation and medicial aid organization, and personnel analysis.  Reports contain information about localities and facility capacity.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Negro Civilian Defense Activities series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for correspondence with localities, and correspondence and subject files. These files were maintained by Coordinator James F. Nicholas and include incoming and outgoing correspondence, meeting and conference notes, memoranda, news clippings, publications and reports.  Topics include local representatives (appointments, recommendations, resignations), programming, reporting, training, meetings and prospective visits, and issues of local interest. Original folder titles have been retained.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpecial interest items include: Program and Proceedings of the 38th Annual Session Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1942, and Program of the 39th Annual Gathering of The Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 16); Program of the 66th Annual Celebration of the Emancipation of the Colored People in the USA (Emancipation Proclamation Association), Tappahannock, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 23); Pamphlet - Fairfax County Colored Citizens Assocaition, 1941 (Box 212, Folder 24); Program - Tenth Annual Commencement Exercises of the Medical College of Virginia, St. Philip School of Nursing, 1944 (Box 215, Folder 13); Pamphlet - The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Dedication of Service Flag, Manassas Industrial School, 1943 (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Thirtieth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society of Virginia, Chatham, 1942 (Box 215, Folder 15); Silver Jubilee Program of the Twenty-fifth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society, Charlotte Court House, 1937 (Box 215, Folder 15); and Pamphlet - Negro Organization Society, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 15).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames F. Nicholas was appointed Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities in June of 1942 and tasked with coordinating African American participation in protective and war service activities.  He worked with local defense councils to secure African American represenation and to increase volunteer involvement in local war time endeavors.  He also worked closely with the Racial Relations Advisor of the Third Civilian Defense Region.  Nicholas resigned in August 1944 to take a position at Virginia State College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 3 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence. Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and subject files, 1941-1944, consists of 4 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence, lists, newsletters, reports, transmissions from the U.S. Office of Civilian Defense (bulletins, digest, notices, operations letters, orders) and the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (correspondence, instructions, memoranda, publications, reports), topical files, and reports. Arranged alphabetically. Some items may pre-date 1942, but all files were created 1942-1944.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives series is housed in 8 boxes and consists of official communications sent out by the VAOCD.  Includes bulletins, exectuive orders, informational memoranda, memoranda, operations letters and transmittal letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBulletins, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and include communications sent by J. H. Wyze, State Coordinator.  The majority of the bulletins are addressed to local defense coordinators.  Arranged in bulletin number order. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExecutive orders, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and are arranged by order number. The executive orders are signed by Governor Colgate W. Darden, with the majority of the orders issued in 1942.  Topics include the establishment of local defense councils and metropolitan areas, air raids, blackouts, dimouts and evacuation authority. Executive order No. 91 has not been located.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformational memoranda, 1942-1945, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged by memoranda number. The informational memoranda are from J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, or his designee, and are mainly directed towards executive officers, local directors and coordinators, and local government officials.  Several memoranda are missing from this sequence.  Also includes a chronological list of informational memoranda (1 v.)\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged chronologically. The memoranda are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors.  Some memoranda include referenced attachments.  It is not known why these particular memoranda were separated out and filed together as a series by the Office of Civilian Defense, as many other memoranda were also sent.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOperations procedures, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in procedure number order. The operation procedures are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These procedures include information on general operations and regulations, and any changes to those.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmittal letters, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in letter number order. The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These directives are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Some letters include referenced attachments.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmittal memoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in memoranda number order. Only includes No. 16-20.  The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These memoranda are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Referenced attachments are not included.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives (USOCD) series is housed in 4 boxes and consists of official communications issued by the USOCD.  Includes administrative orders, bulletins, circulars, notices and opertions letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdministrative orders, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged in amendment number order.  The following administrative orders are not included in this series: 7, 8, 10, 17, 22, 28, 35, 36 and 37. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBulletins, 1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of bulletin, and by bulletin number thereunder.  Includes general, protection and war services bulletins.  Incomplete series.  Bulletins replaced operations letters nad circulars  on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCirculars, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of circular, and by circular number thereunder.  Includes general, medical, mobilization, protection and war service series of circulars.  Incomplete series.  Circulars were replaced by bulletins on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManual, 1943, consists 1 compiled volume and includes circulars, memoranda, regulations, instructions and forms related to federal equipment and the duties of property officers.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotices, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged chronologically.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOperations letters, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged numerically by letter number.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinancial records, 1942-1946, are housed in 2 boxes and document fiscal matters related to the Office of Civilian Defense, including appropriations, budgeting and expeditures.  Includes allotments, budgets, correspondence, instructions, ledgers, memoranda, published material and reports. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonnel records, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically.  These records document personnel and compensation responsibilites of the Office of Civilian Defense, including hiring, payroll, salaries and benefits, and resignations.  Includes applications, correspondence, forms, memoranda, procedures, publicationas, reports, rules, and regulations. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistory files are housed in 3 boxes and provide a chronology and narrative account of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  This series includes A Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, and the multi-part Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, which is divided into nine books and also includes draft files.  The history is divided into three distinct periods: Period I, May 30, 1940-Jan 20 1942 (Virginia Defense Council); Period II, Jan 21-Feb 11, 1942 (Interim period); and Period III, Feb 11, 1942-June 30, 1943 (Virginia Office of Civilian Defense).  The history files cover organization, membership and staff of the Virginia Defense Council and Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and provide detailed summaries of activities and services.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, was compiled by Virginia Office of Civilian Defense staff and covers Period I, Period II, and the beginning of Period III. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 1 (p.1-129) covers Period I and includes chapters on Organization and Activities; Period II; and Period III, which includes chapters on Organization, U.S. Citizens Defense Corps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 2 (p. 130-209) covers Period III and includes chapters on Other Activities, Air Raid Precautions, and State Control Center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 3 (p. 210-367) covers Period III and includes Governor Darden's Executive Orders related to civilian defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 4 (p. 368-443) covers Period III, specifically Section II. Civilian Mobilization, and includes chapters on Civilian Mobilization and Negro Activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 5 (p. 444-602) covers Period III and includes Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 6 (p. 603-649) covers Period III and includes Miscellaneous topics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 7 (p. 650-772) covers Period III and includes Related Activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 8 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes Information Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, No. 86 (July 3, 1942) to No. 242 (July 8, 1944).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eData for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 9 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes memoranda, bulletins, transmittal letters, and operations procedures issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs, 1940-1945, are housed in 1 box and appear to be photographs that were used in the Civilian Defense newsletters.  When identified by individual, topic or poster title, photographs are in alphabetical order within each type, with miscellaneous, unidentified photographs being grouped together in the last folder. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePosters, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Includes posters, broadsides, and advertisements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished materials include books, brochures, bulletins, journals, newsletters, pamphelts, reprints of articles, and other publications.  These materials were boxes separately from the rest of the collection and other published materials can be found throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrochures and pamphlets, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged alphabetically. Includes educational and promotional brochures and pamphlets, as well as advertisements, recipe booklets and small informational broadsides.  These items were found loose at the end of the collection, but these types of materials are also found throughout the collection, especialy in the various subject files series.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewsletters and journals, 1942-1944, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. This collection of bulletins, journals, and newsletters was found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include articles of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other periodicals can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublications, 1939-1947, are housed in 8 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. These publications were found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include publications of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other publications can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScrapbooks, 1940-1945, are housed in 5 boxes and are arranged chronologically. These scrapbooks were maintained by the Virginia Defense Council and later the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and contain newspaper clippings of articles related to civilian defense activities from various newspapers throughout the state.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in X boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, subject files, and minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence files, 1940, consist of 1 box and include both incoming and outgoing correspondence of various Virginia Defense Council members, including Mills F. Neal, Coordinator of the Virginia Defense Council.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence files, 1940 Dec-1941 Dec, consist of 3 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence from General James A. Anderson, Coordinator; and J. H. Wyse, Assistant Coordinator, and later Acting Coordinator.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with Regional Defense Councils, 1941-1942, is housed in 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of defense council. Includes incoming and outgoing correspondence of J. H. Wyse, Acting Coordinator (later Coordinator of the Virginia Office Office of Civilian Defense), as well as memoranda and reports. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemoranda, 1940-1942, are housed in 1 box and are arranged numerically by memoranda numer. Includes memoranda from the Virginia Defense Council Coordinator to all Virginia Defense Council members.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMinutes, 1940-1942, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged chronologically. Includes one volume of official minutes with attachements, and loose materials that include copies of minutes, drafts, memoranda, reports, agendas and newspaper clippings.  Includes minutes for the full Virginia Defense Council, as well as the Executive Committee.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject files, 1940-1941, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Files were kept separately for 1940 and for 1941 and that arrangement is reflected in this series.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is housed in 10 boxes and sub-series are arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, correspondence with local councils, and subject files.  These files were kept by Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary of the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, between 1941 Dec and mid-1942, and appear to have been forwarded to Office of Civilian Defense.  The reason for this is unclear, as no other records kept by Region Defense Councils were found in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence files, 1941-1942, consists of 4 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence of Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary with local, state, and federal officials, as well as Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council members and local area coordinators.  Topics include appointments, blackout ordinances, defense bonds and stamps, logistics, meetings, rationing, reporting, transition to new local defense council model, and other topics of local interest.  Files may also include reports and publications.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with local councils, 1941-1942, consists of 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by local defense council.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence between Thomas P. Shelburne, Executive Secretary, and local defense council coordinators.  The majority of the correspondence is related to administrative and logistical matters.  May slso include membership lists, organization charts, plans, precinct information, reports, and checklists for coordinators, which include detailed information about each local council.  Folder titles include the county, local area council and coordinator.\n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject files, 1941-1942, consist of 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically.  These topical files include correspondence, lists, memoranda, minutes, publications, and reports.  Topics include civilian protection, coordination of local councils, health, rationing and salvage, among others. \n\t\t\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are 5 oversize boxes that consist of larger size materials pulled from throughout the collection.  Separation notices in collection will point to the correct oversize box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the activities of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (1942-1945), and also includes some records from the Virginia Defense Council (1940-1942), and the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council (1941 Dec-1942).  Virginia Office of Civilian Defense records include series for Correspondence, Subject files, Civilian Mobilization, Civilian Protection, State Child Care Committee, Emergency Medical Service, Evacuation Authority, Coordinator fo Negro Civilian Defense Activities, Transmissions and Directives, Financial and Personnel records, History files, Photographs, Posters and Published Materials.\n","This series is housed in 29 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by surname of correspondent or by company name.  These files consist of copies of the outgoing correspondence of the Director of the Office of Civilian Defense, J. H. Wyse, as well as correspondence from Wyse by others in the office, including J. Linwood Rice (Assistant to the Coordinator), Mary V. Marks (Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization), James F. Nicholas (Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities), and John Howard (Chief Air Raid Precautions, State Plant Coordinator), among others.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives and state and federal officials.","This series is housed in 65 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of locality, with counties, cities and towns being filed together in one sequence.  These files consist of incoming correspondence from localities, copies of the outgoing correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense, reports and may contain other types of attachments, including agendas, forms, meeting summaries, memoranda, newspaper clippings, press releases, publications.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  Most of the copies of outgoing correspondence can also be found in Series I. Correspondence. Outgoing correspondence, 1943-1945, also includes a notation on each letter as to where copies of the letters are also filed in the Subject Files series.  The majority of the correspondence is with local civilian defense council (CDC) representatives, but may also include correspondence with state government and federal government officials. The locality correspondence files are also further sub-divided into categories for General correspondence, Civilian Mobilization correspondence, and Civilian Protection correspondence.","The majority of the the correspondence from the Office of Civilian Defense comes from J. H. Wyse, Coordinator; John J. Howard, Director of Air Raid Precautions and State Plant Protection Officer; Mary Marks, Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization; and James F. Nicholas, Supervisor of Negro Civilian Defense Activities.","General correspondence topics may include administrative activities, African American participation, appointments, compensation, conferences, field visits, insignia, meetings, organization, personnel, publications, publicity, Red Cross, service awards, and speaking engagements.","Civilian Mobilization correspondence topics may include appointments, block plans, car sharing,  child care, Citizen Service Corps, conservation of critical resources, education, field visits, food preservation, Invasion Day, Junior Citizen Service Corps, nutrition, Office of Price Administration, organization summaries and charts, rationing (food, mileage, point), recreation, salvage, training, victory gardens, war bonds, and the War Fund.","Civilian Protection correspondence topics may include air raid precautions(blackouts, dim outs, equipment, signals, warning districts and warning systems), auxiliary services (fire, police, emergency medical), bomb reconnaissance, civilian protection reporting, federal equipment (borrowing, leasing, using), gas specialists, pennants, plant protection and security programs.","The Defense Act required that local councils of defense be established in each county, city and town in the state and provided that the mayor or chief executive of cities would be named director of the local defense council, and that county boards of supervisors would appoint the director-coordinator of each county defense council.  163 local defense councils in 100 counties, 24 cities, and 39 incorporated towns, covering the entire state were organized.","This series is housed in 66 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Files were kept separately for 1942 and for 1943-1945 (bulk 1943-1944) and that arrangement is reflected in this series.  The subject files include correspondence, publications, and reports on a variety of topics related to civilian defense in general, and specifically to the operation of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  Topics cover all aspects of civilian defense and include aircraft and air raid warning, blackouts, civilian defense, civilian mobilization, community organizations, directives, federal equipment, industry, insignia, medical services, procedures, publications, reporting, salvage, state and federal government, supplies, and transportation. The majority of the correspondence in this series are copies, with the original incoming correspondence located the correspondence series (Series I).","This series is housed in 16 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, newsletters, publications and reports. Topics that fall under Civilian Mobilization include agriculture, block leaders, child care, consumer interests, education, food preservation, health services, home demonstration, Junior Citizens Service Corps, nutrition, rationing, recreation and services for servicemen, recreation and youth group services, salvage, victory gardens, and war bonds and stamps.","Civilian Mobilization for War Services was organized to promote strong communities to back up military operations and morale.  The state office served as a coordination point for information and , planning and Mary V. Marks served as Supervisor of Civilian Mobilization from July 1942 to October 1944.  Local Chiefs of Civilian Mobilization were named in each locality to work with the state office and existing public and private agencies and other organizations within the community to meet local needs.  The U.S. Citizens Service Corps was organized to keep the home front strong by leading the fight against ineffiency, insecurity and poor health within the community. ","The Civilian Protection series is housed in 18 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by topic or locality.  The series includes sub-series for Correspondence and subject files, 1942-1945, and Civilian Defense Reports, 1942-1944. ","The U.S. Citizens Defense Corps was established in each local defense council with different units organized for the protection of life and property in the locality.  Some of these units included Air Raid Wardens, Aircraft Warning Service, Auxiliary Police, Auxiliary Firemen, Fire Guards, Forest Fire Fighters Service, Messengers, Decontamination Squads, Demolition and Clearance Crews, Drivers Corps, Emergency Food and Housing, Resuce Squads, Utility Repair Squads, and Road Repair Crews.  The Emergency Welfare Service was established in Feb 1943 to direct and supervise emergency welfare services of local defense councils, including emergency housing and feeding in the event of attack or other disaster.  Dr. William H. Stauffer of the State Dept. of Welfare was appointed State Chief of Emergency Welfare Services and superintendents were named in local target areas.","Correspondence and subject files, 1942-1945, are housed in 16 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Correspondence and subject files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, brochures, bulletins, communications, conference materials, invitations, lists, memoranda, minutes, newsletters, newspaper clippings, presentations, programs, publications and reports.  Topics may include aircraft warning service, air raid shelters, blackouts, chemical warfare, control centers, dimouts, emergency preparedness, federal equipment loaned, fire protection, plant protection, protection mobilization, security, and warning centers.  \n\t\t","Civilian Protection Reports, 1942-1944, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  The pre-printed report forms (OCD Form 1) document numbers of defense staff, and numberd of volunteers in defense and service corps, and and also report on the status of protection plans and preparations (air raid warning systems, blackout systems, and control centers).  This series of reports is not complete.\n\t\t","This series is housed in 6 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, publications and reports.  Some publications in the series pre-date 1942, but were collected after 1942.  Topics may include, but are not limited to: child care (facilities, training, operation), child welfare during wartime, counseling, day care and nursery schools for children of working mothers, extended school services, federal funds, surveys, and workshops.","The State Child Care Committee was organized under the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense to stimulate interest and understanding of child care needs in Virginia; to assist localities in planning a comprehensive program of services for the care of children; and to foster and promote the coordination of efforts among public and private agencies dealing with child care, particularly in those areas in which the needs have grown as a result of the increased employment of women.  The establishment of a state child care committee was a prerequisite to obtaining federal funds to care for the children of employed mothers.  The committee was tasked with determining the needs for child care; reviewing and passing local plans concerned with child care where federal funds were used from the the President's Emergency Fund; assisting in the organization of local child care committees under the local defense councils; serving as a clearinghouse for information on child care throughout the state, and interpreting and disseminating this information; and preparing plans and suggestions to promote the proper use of existing facilities to meet the increasing demand of proper child care for children during war time.","Members of the State Child Care Committee included: R.N. Anderson, State Dept. of Education; May O. Hankins, Children's Bureua of the the Dept. of Public Welfare; Dr. Lorin A. Thompson, State Planning Board; John Hopkins Hall, Labor Commissioner; Dr. A. L. Carson, Jr., Dept. of Health; Maude Wallace, VPI Extension Service; Frank A. Cavedo, U.S. Employment Office; and Mary V. Marks, State Office of Civilian Defense and Supervisor for Civilian Mobilization.  Etta Rose Bailey, State Board of Education, served as the Executive Officer of the Committee.  Others who were highly involved with the Committee include: M. Frances Cromwell, State Supervisor of Extended School Services; Ruth Henderson, Supervisor of Elementary Education for the State Board of Education; and Dr. Dabney s. Lancaster, Superintendent of Public Instruction for the State Board of Education.","This series is housed in 12 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for general correspondence, correspondence with localities, and subject files.   The majority of the correspondence is with Edgar C. Harper, MD, Deputy Chief of Emergency Medical Services, and Sarah R. Radcliffe, RN, Nurse Deputy of Emergency Medical Services and local civilian defense councils.  These files may include incoming and outgoing correspondence, bulletins, circulars, forms, incident reports, instructions, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, notices, oaths, orders, plans, publications, questionnaires/surveys and reports.  Topics include but are not limited to: Affiliated Hospital Units, appointments (Emergency Medical Officers and local Nurse Deputies), Army hotel hospitals, blood plasma, chemical warfare, emergency base hospitals, equipment and supplies, establishment of local units, evacuation of casualties, federal government, home nursing, hospitalization, medical field units, meetings, nursing aides, organization of EMS and nurse services, policies and procedures, recruitment of staff, and transportation.","Emergency Medical Services (EMS) was responsible for the organization and training of local emergency medical personnel, preparation of hospital facilities for providing medical services to casualties that may result from bombing or sabotage, evacuation of casualties, supplying blood plasma and other medical supplies and equipment, setting up emergency base hospitals, and furnishing medical teams to areas in distress.  EMS was also responsible for the preparation of plans designed to prevent or alleviate any medical or public health hazards to which the civilian population may be exposed, and acted as liaison with federal agencies concerned with public health and medical care.  EMS was led by Dr. I.C. Riggin, Chief Emergency Medical Services, Deputy Director E.C. Harper, Hospital Officer M.H. Coleman, and State Nurse Deputy Sarah R. Radcliffe, who assisted in providing nursing services for emergencies.  Local EMS plans consisted of field casualty service, casualty receiving hospitals, ambulance transport, and emergency base hospitals to receive patients transferred from casualty receiving hospitals.  Local Chiefs of Emergency Medical Services were appointed in localities and Emergency Medical Field Units organized personnel, transportation, medical and surgical equipment, casualty stations and first aid posts, decontamination stations, and rescue squads and stretcher teams.","Correspondence files, 1942-1944, consist of 2 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t","Correspondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 5 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence.  Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically.","Subject files, 1942-1944, consist of 9 boxes and are arragned alphabetically by topic.","This State Evacuation Authority series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for subject files, locality files, correspondence, and evacuation facility files. These files include incoming and outgoing correspondence, forms, meeting records, maps, memoranda, minutes, news clippings, plans, publications and reports.","The State Evacuation Authority was created by Civlian Defense Executive Order No. 88 on August 12, 1942, to cooperate with national regional evacuation authorities and to establish evacuation programs in the state in the event of bombings or other disasters.  The Authority was charged with making surveys and plans and setting up area or local evacuation authorities in order to expedite the evacuation of the civilian population in case of attack or other emergency.  Concerns during an emergency evacuation including housing, medical assitance, and food for evacuees.  The Authority was also charged with cooperating with the federal government and act on their behalf in the expenditure of federal funds.  Members included Chairman, J. H. Wyse, State Office of Civilian Defense; Hon. Gordon B. Ambler, Director, Richmond Office of Civilian Defense; Brig. Gen. James A. Anderson, State Highway Commissioner; Dabney S. Lancaster, State Superintendent of Public Instruction; William L. Leap, General Field Representative, Eastern Area, American Red Cross; Raymond B. Long, Director, State Planning Board; Dr. William H. Stauffer, State Commissioner of Public Welfare; L. M. Walker, Jr., State Commissioner of Agriculture; Maude Wallace, Assistant Director, V.P.I. Extension Service; Brig. Gen. S. Gardner Waller, Adjutant General of Virginia and Major C. W. Woodson, Superintendent, Virginia State Police. ","Subject files, 1942-1943, are housed in 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by topic.  Includes of correspondence, maps, meeting records, minutes, plans, publications, and reports.  Topics include evacuation planning and logistics, area evacuation authorities, evacuation authorities in other states, housing, and meetings.\n\t\t","Locality files, 1943, consist of 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  Includes correspondence of Julian Brooks, Exective Officer of the Virginia Evacuation Authority, both incoming and copies of outgoing correspondence with local civilian defense councils. May also include a few publications, ephemera, maps, and proclamations.  Topics include facilities for evacuees, housing surveys, meeting planning and notes, organization of local evacuation committees, and various topics of local interest. \n\t\t","Correspondence, 1942-1944, is housed in 1 box and is arranged alphabetically by correspondent.  Correspondence is between Julian Brooks and Virginia Evacuation Authority members or other evacuation officials, and covers topics such as meetings, evacuation planning and organization, and publication distribution.\n\t\t","The Evacuation Facilities files, 1943, are house in 1 box and are arranged alphabetically by locality.  These files include correspondence, data and survey forms, maps and reports.  The majority of the correspondence is between Julian Brooks and local officals.  Data forms include information about a locality, including names of civilian defense officials, population, names of local government officials, and meeting notes.  American Red Cross survey forms of local chapter resources include address, population served, names of committee chairmen, and specific information about the Disaster Committee, and food, shelter, clothing, transportation and medicial aid organization, and personnel analysis.  Reports contain information about localities and facility capacity.\n\t\t","The Negro Civilian Defense Activities series is housed in 7 boxes and includes sub-series for correspondence with localities, and correspondence and subject files. These files were maintained by Coordinator James F. Nicholas and include incoming and outgoing correspondence, meeting and conference notes, memoranda, news clippings, publications and reports.  Topics include local representatives (appointments, recommendations, resignations), programming, reporting, training, meetings and prospective visits, and issues of local interest. Original folder titles have been retained.","Special interest items include: Program and Proceedings of the 38th Annual Session Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1942, and Program of the 39th Annual Gathering of The Grand United Order of Moses, Charlotte Court House, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 16); Program of the 66th Annual Celebration of the Emancipation of the Colored People in the USA (Emancipation Proclamation Association), Tappahannock, 1943 (Box 212, Folder 23); Pamphlet - Fairfax County Colored Citizens Assocaition, 1941 (Box 212, Folder 24); Program - Tenth Annual Commencement Exercises of the Medical College of Virginia, St. Philip School of Nursing, 1944 (Box 215, Folder 13); Pamphlet - The Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Dedication of Service Flag, Manassas Industrial School, 1943 (Box 215, Folder 13); Program - Thirtieth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society of Virginia, Chatham, 1942 (Box 215, Folder 15); Silver Jubilee Program of the Twenty-fifth Annual Meeting of the Negro Organization Society, Charlotte Court House, 1937 (Box 215, Folder 15); and Pamphlet - Negro Organization Society, n.d. (Box 215, Folder 15).","James F. Nicholas was appointed Coordinator of Negro Civilian Defense Activities in June of 1942 and tasked with coordinating African American participation in protective and war service activities.  He worked with local defense councils to secure African American represenation and to increase volunteer involvement in local war time endeavors.  He also worked closely with the Racial Relations Advisor of the Third Civilian Defense Region.  Nicholas resigned in August 1944 to take a position at Virginia State College.","Correspondence with localities, 1942-1944, consists of 3 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence. Counties, cities and towns are filed separately, with each being arranged alphabetically. \n\t\t","Correspondence and subject files, 1941-1944, consists of 4 boxes and includes incoming correspondence and copies of outgoing correspondence, lists, newsletters, reports, transmissions from the U.S. Office of Civilian Defense (bulletins, digest, notices, operations letters, orders) and the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense (correspondence, instructions, memoranda, publications, reports), topical files, and reports. Arranged alphabetically. Some items may pre-date 1942, but all files were created 1942-1944.\n\t\t","The Virginia Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives series is housed in 8 boxes and consists of official communications sent out by the VAOCD.  Includes bulletins, exectuive orders, informational memoranda, memoranda, operations letters and transmittal letters.","Bulletins, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and include communications sent by J. H. Wyze, State Coordinator.  The majority of the bulletins are addressed to local defense coordinators.  Arranged in bulletin number order. \n\t\t","Executive orders, 1942-1945, consist of 1 box and are arranged by order number. The executive orders are signed by Governor Colgate W. Darden, with the majority of the orders issued in 1942.  Topics include the establishment of local defense councils and metropolitan areas, air raids, blackouts, dimouts and evacuation authority. Executive order No. 91 has not been located.\n\t\t","Informational memoranda, 1942-1945, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged by memoranda number. The informational memoranda are from J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, or his designee, and are mainly directed towards executive officers, local directors and coordinators, and local government officials.  Several memoranda are missing from this sequence.  Also includes a chronological list of informational memoranda (1 v.)\n\t\t","Memoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged chronologically. The memoranda are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors.  Some memoranda include referenced attachments.  It is not known why these particular memoranda were separated out and filed together as a series by the Office of Civilian Defense, as many other memoranda were also sent.\n\t\t","Operations procedures, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in procedure number order. The operation procedures are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These procedures include information on general operations and regulations, and any changes to those.\n\t\t","Transmittal letters, 1943-1944, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in letter number order. The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These directives are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Some letters include referenced attachments.\n\t\t","Transmittal memoranda, 1942-1943, are housed in 1 box and are arranged in memoranda number order. Only includes No. 16-20.  The transmittal letters are sent by J.H. Wyse, Coordinator of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and the majority are directed to local coordinators and directors. These memoranda are generally cover letters for other material, notices of shipments or an explanation of supplies or publications transmitted to local councils.  Referenced attachments are not included.\n\t\t","The U.S. Office of Civilian Defense Transmissions and Directives (USOCD) series is housed in 4 boxes and consists of official communications issued by the USOCD.  Includes administrative orders, bulletins, circulars, notices and opertions letters.","Administrative orders, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged in amendment number order.  The following administrative orders are not included in this series: 7, 8, 10, 17, 22, 28, 35, 36 and 37. \n\t\t","Bulletins, 1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of bulletin, and by bulletin number thereunder.  Includes general, protection and war services bulletins.  Incomplete series.  Bulletins replaced operations letters nad circulars  on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t","Circulars, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged by type of circular, and by circular number thereunder.  Includes general, medical, mobilization, protection and war service series of circulars.  Incomplete series.  Circulars were replaced by bulletins on April 13, 1944.\n\t\t","Manual, 1943, consists 1 compiled volume and includes circulars, memoranda, regulations, instructions and forms related to federal equipment and the duties of property officers.\n\t\t","Notices, 1942-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged chronologically.\n\t\t","Operations letters, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged numerically by letter number.\n\t\t","Financial records, 1942-1946, are housed in 2 boxes and document fiscal matters related to the Office of Civilian Defense, including appropriations, budgeting and expeditures.  Includes allotments, budgets, correspondence, instructions, ledgers, memoranda, published material and reports. ","Personnel records, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and arranged alphabetically.  These records document personnel and compensation responsibilites of the Office of Civilian Defense, including hiring, payroll, salaries and benefits, and resignations.  Includes applications, correspondence, forms, memoranda, procedures, publicationas, reports, rules, and regulations. ","History files are housed in 3 boxes and provide a chronology and narrative account of the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.  This series includes A Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, and the multi-part Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, which is divided into nine books and also includes draft files.  The history is divided into three distinct periods: Period I, May 30, 1940-Jan 20 1942 (Virginia Defense Council); Period II, Jan 21-Feb 11, 1942 (Interim period); and Period III, Feb 11, 1942-June 30, 1943 (Virginia Office of Civilian Defense).  The history files cover organization, membership and staff of the Virginia Defense Council and Virginia Office of Civilian Defense and provide detailed summaries of activities and services.","A Brief History of Civilian Defense in Virginia, May 30, 1940-June 30, 1943, was compiled by Virginia Office of Civilian Defense staff and covers Period I, Period II, and the beginning of Period III. ","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 1 (p.1-129) covers Period I and includes chapters on Organization and Activities; Period II; and Period III, which includes chapters on Organization, U.S. Citizens Defense Corps.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 2 (p. 130-209) covers Period III and includes chapters on Other Activities, Air Raid Precautions, and State Control Center.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 3 (p. 210-367) covers Period III and includes Governor Darden's Executive Orders related to civilian defense.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 4 (p. 368-443) covers Period III, specifically Section II. Civilian Mobilization, and includes chapters on Civilian Mobilization and Negro Activities.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 5 (p. 444-602) covers Period III and includes Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 6 (p. 603-649) covers Period III and includes Miscellaneous topics.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 7 (p. 650-772) covers Period III and includes Related Activities.","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 8 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes Information Memoranda issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, No. 86 (July 3, 1942) to No. 242 (July 8, 1944).","Data for History of Civilian Defense in Virginia: Book No. 9 (unnumbered) covers Period III and includes memoranda, bulletins, transmittal letters, and operations procedures issued by the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense.","Photographs, 1940-1945, are housed in 1 box and appear to be photographs that were used in the Civilian Defense newsletters.  When identified by individual, topic or poster title, photographs are in alphabetical order within each type, with miscellaneous, unidentified photographs being grouped together in the last folder. ","Posters, 1940-1945, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Includes posters, broadsides, and advertisements.","Published materials include books, brochures, bulletins, journals, newsletters, pamphelts, reprints of articles, and other publications.  These materials were boxes separately from the rest of the collection and other published materials can be found throughout the collection.","Brochures and pamphlets, 1941-1944, consist of 1 box and are arranged alphabetically. Includes educational and promotional brochures and pamphlets, as well as advertisements, recipe booklets and small informational broadsides.  These items were found loose at the end of the collection, but these types of materials are also found throughout the collection, especialy in the various subject files series.\n\t\t","Newsletters and journals, 1942-1944, are housed in 3 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. This collection of bulletins, journals, and newsletters was found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include articles of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other periodicals can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t","Publications, 1939-1947, are housed in 8 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. These publications were found boxed together at the end of the collection and presumeably include publications of interest to the Office of Civilian Defense.  Numerous other publications can be found filed throughout the entire collection.  See specific subject files of interest.\n\t\t","Scrapbooks, 1940-1945, are housed in 5 boxes and are arranged chronologically. These scrapbooks were maintained by the Virginia Defense Council and later the Virginia Office of Civilian Defense, and contain newspaper clippings of articles related to civilian defense activities from various newspapers throughout the state.\n\t\t","This series is housed in X boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, subject files, and minutes.","Correspondence files, 1940, consist of 1 box and include both incoming and outgoing correspondence of various Virginia Defense Council members, including Mills F. Neal, Coordinator of the Virginia Defense Council.\n\t\t","Correspondence files, 1940 Dec-1941 Dec, consist of 3 boxes and include of copies of outgoing correspondence from General James A. Anderson, Coordinator; and J. H. Wyse, Assistant Coordinator, and later Acting Coordinator.  Arranged alphabetically by the surname of the recipient.\n\t\t","Correspondence with Regional Defense Councils, 1941-1942, is housed in 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by name of defense council. Includes incoming and outgoing correspondence of J. H. Wyse, Acting Coordinator (later Coordinator of the Virginia Office Office of Civilian Defense), as well as memoranda and reports. \n\t\t","Memoranda, 1940-1942, are housed in 1 box and are arranged numerically by memoranda numer. Includes memoranda from the Virginia Defense Council Coordinator to all Virginia Defense Council members.\n\t\t","Minutes, 1940-1942, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged chronologically. Includes one volume of official minutes with attachements, and loose materials that include copies of minutes, drafts, memoranda, reports, agendas and newspaper clippings.  Includes minutes for the full Virginia Defense Council, as well as the Executive Committee.\n\t\t","Subject files, 1940-1941, are housed in 2 boxes and are arranged alphabetically. Files were kept separately for 1940 and for 1941 and that arrangement is reflected in this series.\n\t\t","This series is housed in 10 boxes and sub-series are arranged alphabetically.  This series includes sub-series for correspondence, correspondence with local councils, and subject files.  These files were kept by Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary of the Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council, between 1941 Dec and mid-1942, and appear to have been forwarded to Office of Civilian Defense.  The reason for this is unclear, as no other records kept by Region Defense Councils were found in this collection.","Correspondence files, 1941-1942, consists of 4 boxes and is arranged alphabetically.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence of Thomas P. Shelburne, Jr., Executive Secretary with local, state, and federal officials, as well as Southwest Virginia Regional Defense Council members and local area coordinators.  Topics include appointments, blackout ordinances, defense bonds and stamps, logistics, meetings, rationing, reporting, transition to new local defense council model, and other topics of local interest.  Files may also include reports and publications.\n\t\t","Correspondence with local councils, 1941-1942, consists of 2 boxes and is arranged alphabetically by local defense council.  Includes both incoming and outgoing correspondence between Thomas P. Shelburne, Executive Secretary, and local defense council coordinators.  The majority of the correspondence is related to administrative and logistical matters.  May slso include membership lists, organization charts, plans, precinct information, reports, and checklists for coordinators, which include detailed information about each local council.  Folder titles include the county, local area council and coordinator.\n\t\t","Subject files, 1941-1942, consist of 4 boxes and are arranged alphabetically.  These topical files include correspondence, lists, memoranda, minutes, publications, and reports.  Topics include civilian protection, coordination of local councils, health, rationing and salvage, among others. \n\t\t","There are 5 oversize boxes that consist of larger size materials pulled from throughout the collection.  Separation notices in collection will point to the correct oversize box."],"total_component_count_is":6843,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:02:27.500Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04855_c01_c02_c730"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Library of Virginia","value":"Library of Virginia","hits":475431},"links":{"remove":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026facet.page=2"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026facet.page=2"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"124th Virginia Militia Infantry Regiment Records,\n1833-1848","value":"124th Virginia Militia Infantry Regiment Records,\n1833-1848","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=124th+Virginia+Militia+Infantry+Regiment+Records%2C%0A1833-1848\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"2300 Club, Records, \n         \n         1965-2000","value":"2300 Club, Records, \n         \n         1965-2000","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=2300+Club%2C+Records%2C+%0A+++++++++%0A+++++++++1965-2000\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to Correspondence, vouchers, pay and muster rolls - Mexican War Volunteers, \n1846-1860","value":"A Guide to Correspondence, vouchers, pay and muster rolls - Mexican War Volunteers, \n1846-1860","hits":10},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+Correspondence%2C+vouchers%2C+pay+and+muster+rolls+-+Mexican+War+Volunteers%2C+%0A1846-1860\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to Minutes and Records - Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission, \n1966-1973","value":"A Guide to Minutes and Records - Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission, \n1966-1973","hits":8},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+Minutes+and+Records+-+Virginia+Historic+Landmarks+Commission%2C+%0A1966-1973\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to Prince Edward County (Va.) Register of Colored Persons cohabiting together as Husband and Wife,\n27th February 1866","value":"A Guide to Prince Edward County (Va.) Register of Colored Persons cohabiting together as Husband and Wife,\n27th February 1866","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+Prince+Edward+County+%28Va.%29+Register+of+Colored+Persons+cohabiting+together+as+Husband+and+Wife%2C%0A27th+February+1866\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to an Unidentified Blacksmith Account Book,\n1879-1885","value":"A Guide to an Unidentified Blacksmith Account Book,\n1879-1885","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+an+Unidentified+Blacksmith+Account+Book%2C%0A1879-1885\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to an Unidentified Confederate Soldier Letters,\n1863","value":"A Guide to an Unidentified Confederate Soldier Letters,\n1863","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+an+Unidentified+Confederate+Soldier+Letters%2C%0A1863\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to an Unidentified General Store Account Book,\n1884-1886","value":"A Guide to an Unidentified General Store Account Book,\n1884-1886","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+an+Unidentified+General+Store+Account+Book%2C%0A1884-1886\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to an Unidentified General Store Ledger B,\n1882-1884","value":"A Guide to an Unidentified General Store Ledger B,\n1882-1884","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A+Guide+to+an+Unidentified+General+Store+Ledger+B%2C%0A1882-1884\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide to 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County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","value":"\nEssex County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=%0AEssex+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\nVirginia General Assembly Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission \n","value":"\nVirginia General Assembly Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission \n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=%0AVirginia+General+Assembly+Joint+Legislative+Audit+and+Review+Commission+%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"  Richmond (Va.) Circuit Court; Richmond (Va.) Hustings Court I; Court of Law and Equity II\n","value":"  Richmond (Va.) Circuit Court; Richmond (Va.) Hustings Court I; Court of Law and Equity II\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=++Richmond+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court%3B+Richmond+%28Va.%29+Hustings+Court+I%3B+Court+of+Law+and+Equity+II%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Alleghany County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","value":" Alleghany County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=+Alleghany+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Amelia County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","value":" Amelia County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=+Amelia+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Lynchburg (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","value":" Lynchburg (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=+Lynchburg+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Patrick County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","value":" Patrick County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=+Patrick+County+%28Va.%29+Circuit+Court.%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":" State Corporation Commission\n","value":" State Corporation Commission\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=+State+Corporation+Commission%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Virginia Office of the Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry\n","value":" Virginia Office of the Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry\n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=+Virginia+Office+of+the+Secretary+of+Agriculture+and+Forestry%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Virginia. Dept. of Military Affairs. \n","value":" Virginia. Dept. of Military Affairs. \n","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=+Virginia.+Dept.+of+Military+Affairs.+%0A\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026facet.page=2"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  G[eorge] W[ashington] C[ustis] Lee","value":"\n                  G[eorge] W[ashington] C[ustis] Lee","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++G%5Beorge%5D+W%5Bashington%5D+C%5Bustis%5D+Lee\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  H[umphreys]","value":"\n                  H[umphreys]","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++H%5Bumphreys%5D\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Mrs. J. 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