{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=4","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=3","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=5","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=1285"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":4,"next_page":5,"prev_page":3,"total_pages":1285,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":30,"total_count":12849,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1892 - 1894","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCochran, Dr. Thomas; King Street, between Washington Street and Columbus Street; 09/20/1892 \u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c02","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c02"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c02","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","parent_ssim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161"],"title_filing_ssi":"1892 - 1894","title_ssm":["1892 - 1894"],"title_tesim":["1892 - 1894"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1892 - 1894"],"text":["1892 - 1894","Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949","box 01","folder 002","Cochran, Dr. Thomas; King Street, between Washington Street and Columbus Street; 09/20/1892 \nAitcheson, D. Witten; River Front, between Prince Street and Duke Street; 05/12/1894  Bolen, William H.; 24-26 Duke Street, between West Street and Peyton Street; 06/26/1894  Calvert, Mrs. Susan P.A.; Payne Street and West Street, between 1301-1311; 08/04/1894 (1904)? Buttemer, Mrs.; Patrick Street, between Cameron Street and King Street; 08/31/1894"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":2,"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"containers_ssim":["box 01","folder 002"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|4cf88169-e0e9-48ab-a0f3-ccaa22f689a9/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCochran, Dr. Thomas; King Street, between Washington Street and Columbus Street; 09/20/1892 \n\u003cbr\u003eAitcheson, D. 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Buttemer, Mrs.; Patrick Street, between Cameron Street and King Street; 08/31/1894"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_161.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/161","title_ssm":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040)"],"title_tesim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1890s - 1940s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890s - 1940s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890/1949"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"text":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949","MS040","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Alexandria (Va.) -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Houses -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Construction + architecture","Architecture -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Buildings -- Specifications","City planning -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Permits for new construction and permits for repairs and alterations were first issued in Alexandria, Virginia starting in 1891. 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These documents include description of the property, description of new construction or proposed modifications, location, owner, builder, material, cost, and other specifications. Some permits also include hand-drawn maps or architectural sketches. The collection is organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains applications for permits for new construction and repairs or alterations of properties in Alexandria, Virginia, dating from the 1890s through the 1940s. These documents include description of the property, description of new construction or proposed modifications, location, owner, builder, material, cost, and other specifications. Some permits also include hand-drawn maps or architectural sketches. The collection is organized chronologically."],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":81,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c02"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c05","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"1899 marriage certificate of Walter Thomas and Emily Washington, 1899","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c05#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWant to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-digital-collection\"\u003eDigital Special Collections portal\u003c/a\u003e and share information about it using our Community Description form at: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c05","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c05"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c05","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11","parent_ssim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11"],"title_filing_ssi":"1899 marriage  certificate of Walter Thomas and Emily Washington","title_ssm":["1899 marriage certificate of Walter Thomas and Emily Washington"],"title_tesim":["1899 marriage certificate of Walter Thomas and Emily Washington"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1899 marriage certificate of Walter Thomas and Emily Washington, 1899"],"text":["1899 marriage certificate of Walter Thomas and Emily Washington, 1899","Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents","Want to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the Digital Special Collections portal and share information about it using our Community Description form at: https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1899"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1899-03-13"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":907,"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information.","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"date_range_isim":[1899],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_5f857ee4-735d-417e-874d-4dbbe373b989/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital image"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWant to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-digital-collection\"\u003eDigital Special Collections portal\u003c/a\u003e and share information about it using our Community Description form at: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Want to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the Digital Special Collections portal and share information about it using our Community Description form at: https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description"],"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#4","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_172.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/172","title_ssm":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["Digital surrogates created in 2023","1937-2005, and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1937-2005, and undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Digital surrogates created in 2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1937/2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005"],"text":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","ABFR","/repositories/2/resources/172","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs","African Americans -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Parker-Gray Schools (Alexandria, Va.)","This collection is open for research.","On April 29, 2023 Alexandria Library hosted the first Black Family Reunion at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in Old Town Alexandria. The event aimed to bring neighborhoods together and help fill gaps in the documented history of Alexandria's African American community. As part of the event, families were invited to bring documents and images to be scanned by Library staff and added to the collections at the Local History / Special Collections Branch to be preserved as part of the city's historical record and made available to the public online.","Elrich W. Murphy Photograph Collection","This collection contains digital donations collected from members of the Alexandria African American community during the 2023 Alexandria Black Family Reunion event. This is a completely digital collection consisting of digital surrogates of the materials; the original items have been retained by their owners. Included are photographs, documents, and ephemera.","Please note that processed donations will be added to this collection on an ongoing basis. Check this collection guide for regular updates.","The materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information.","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.)","Bah, Char McCargo","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["ABFR","/repositories/2/resources/172"],"unitid_tesim":["ABFR","/repositories/2/resources/172"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs"],"places_ssim":["African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bah, Char McCargo"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.)"],"creators_ssim":["Bah, Char McCargo","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information.","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Parker-Gray Schools (Alexandria, Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Parker-Gray Schools (Alexandria, Va.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["55 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":["55 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn April 29, 2023 Alexandria Library hosted the first Black Family Reunion at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in Old Town Alexandria. 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Murphy Photograph Collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Elrich W. Murphy Photograph Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains digital donations collected from members of the Alexandria African American community during the 2023 Alexandria Black Family Reunion event. This is a completely digital collection consisting of digital surrogates of the materials; the original items have been retained by their owners. Included are photographs, documents, and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePlease note\u003c/b\u003e that processed donations will be added to this collection on an ongoing basis. Check this collection guide for regular updates. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains digital donations collected from members of the Alexandria African American community during the 2023 Alexandria Black Family Reunion event. This is a completely digital collection consisting of digital surrogates of the materials; the original items have been retained by their owners. Included are photographs, documents, and ephemera.","Please note that processed donations will be added to this collection on an ongoing basis. Check this collection guide for regular updates."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\"\u003e http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information.","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.)"],"persname_ssim":["Bah, Char McCargo"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.)","Bah, Char McCargo"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1499,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c05"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c10","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1901","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c10#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003ePatterson, James; Washington Street ,Coumbus Street, King Street and Cameron Street,alley; 01/22/1901 \u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c10","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c10"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c10","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","parent_ssim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161"],"title_filing_ssi":"1901","title_ssm":["1901"],"title_tesim":["1901"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1901"],"text":["1901","Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949","box 01","folder 010","Patterson, James; Washington Street ,Coumbus Street, King Street and Cameron Street,alley; 01/22/1901 Southern Railraod; Fayette, west side between Wolfe Street and Wilkes Street; 02/16/1901 McDonald, B.; 1008 Duke Street; 04/01/1901 Old Dominion Glass Co.; northeast corner of Fairfax Street and Montgomery Street; 05/09/1901 Harris, Morrow E.; east side of West Street, between Princess Street and Oronoco Street; 06/08/1901 Alexandria Knitting Mill; southwest corner of Pitt Street and Wilkes Street; 08/24/1901 Cauley, Mr.; 802 Washington Street; 09/04/190 Myers, J.F.; 309 South Washington Street; 09/05/1901 Price, Geo.; 118 North Fairfax Street; 09/16/1901 Lyles, Alexander; Duke Street near Fairfax Street; 09/21/1901 Aitchenson, R.P.; 420 South Lee Street; 10/01/1901 Sisson, Wm.; northeast corner of Lee Street and Jefferson Street; 10/18/1901 Randall, Jane; alley of Princess Street, between Patrick Street and Henry Street; 11/05/1901 Tubia, Frank; 507-509 King Street; 11/25/1901 Lunt, J.H.D.; 623 King Street; 11/25/1901  Tubia, Frank; 507-509 King Street; 11/25/1901 Lunt, J.H.D.; 623 King Street; 11/25/1901 Anderson, W.H.; 310 North Royal Street; 12/03/1901"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":10,"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"containers_ssim":["box 01","folder 010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a640a6b1-b07d-430e-9751-808336ee7747/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePatterson, James; Washington Street ,Coumbus Street, King Street and Cameron Street,alley; 01/22/1901 \u003cbr\u003eSouthern Railraod; Fayette, west side between Wolfe Street and Wilkes Street; 02/16/1901 \u003cbr\u003eMcDonald, B.; 1008 Duke Street; 04/01/1901 \u003cbr\u003eOld Dominion Glass Co.; northeast corner of Fairfax Street and Montgomery Street; 05/09/1901 \u003cbr\u003eHarris, Morrow E.; east side of West Street, between Princess Street and Oronoco Street; 06/08/1901 \u003cbr\u003eAlexandria Knitting Mill; southwest corner of Pitt Street and Wilkes Street; 08/24/1901 \u003cbr\u003eCauley, Mr.; 802 Washington Street; 09/04/190 \u003cbr\u003eMyers, J.F.; 309 South Washington Street; 09/05/1901 \u003cbr\u003ePrice, Geo.; 118 North Fairfax Street; 09/16/1901 \u003cbr\u003eLyles, Alexander; Duke Street near Fairfax Street; 09/21/1901 \u003cbr\u003eAitchenson, R.P.; 420 South Lee Street; 10/01/1901 \u003cbr\u003eSisson, Wm.; northeast corner of Lee Street and Jefferson Street; 10/18/1901 \u003cbr\u003eRandall, Jane; alley of Princess Street, between Patrick Street and Henry Street; 11/05/1901 \u003cbr\u003eTubia, Frank; 507-509 King Street; 11/25/1901 \u003cbr\u003eLunt, J.H.D.; 623 King Street; 11/25/1901  \u003cbr\u003eTubia, Frank; 507-509 King Street; 11/25/1901 \u003cbr\u003eLunt, J.H.D.; 623 King Street; 11/25/1901 \u003cbr\u003eAnderson, W.H.; 310 North Royal Street; 12/03/1901\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Patterson, James; Washington Street ,Coumbus Street, King Street and Cameron Street,alley; 01/22/1901 Southern Railraod; Fayette, west side between Wolfe Street and Wilkes Street; 02/16/1901 McDonald, B.; 1008 Duke Street; 04/01/1901 Old Dominion Glass Co.; northeast corner of Fairfax Street and Montgomery Street; 05/09/1901 Harris, Morrow E.; east side of West Street, between Princess Street and Oronoco Street; 06/08/1901 Alexandria Knitting Mill; southwest corner of Pitt Street and Wilkes Street; 08/24/1901 Cauley, Mr.; 802 Washington Street; 09/04/190 Myers, J.F.; 309 South Washington Street; 09/05/1901 Price, Geo.; 118 North Fairfax Street; 09/16/1901 Lyles, Alexander; Duke Street near Fairfax Street; 09/21/1901 Aitchenson, R.P.; 420 South Lee Street; 10/01/1901 Sisson, Wm.; northeast corner of Lee Street and Jefferson Street; 10/18/1901 Randall, Jane; alley of Princess Street, between Patrick Street and Henry Street; 11/05/1901 Tubia, Frank; 507-509 King Street; 11/25/1901 Lunt, J.H.D.; 623 King Street; 11/25/1901  Tubia, Frank; 507-509 King Street; 11/25/1901 Lunt, J.H.D.; 623 King Street; 11/25/1901 Anderson, W.H.; 310 North Royal Street; 12/03/1901"],"_nest_path_":"/components#9","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_161.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/161","title_ssm":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040)"],"title_tesim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1890s - 1940s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890s - 1940s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890/1949"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"text":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949","MS040","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Alexandria (Va.) -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Houses -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Construction + architecture","Architecture -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Buildings -- Specifications","City planning -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Permits for new construction and permits for repairs and alterations were first issued in Alexandria, Virginia starting in 1891. That year, a new act to regulate the erection of buildings in the city was approved by the Common Council President, President of the Board of Aldermen, and the Mayor. Permit applications were submitted to the Office of the City Engineer. After approval was granted by the City Engineer, the Office of the City Auditor issued the permits. The Office of the City Auditor kept all permit applications and provided an annual report to the City Council with statistics regarding permits issued. In 1891, it cost $0.50 to apply for a building permit and fines for violating city regulations ranged from $2.00 to $10.00.","Alexandria Building and Repair Permits (MS080)","This collection contains applications for permits for new construction and repairs or alterations of properties in Alexandria, Virginia, dating from the 1890s through the 1940s. These documents include description of the property, description of new construction or proposed modifications, location, owner, builder, material, cost, and other specifications. Some permits also include hand-drawn maps or architectural sketches. The collection is organized chronologically.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"collection_ssim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS040"],"unitid_tesim":["MS040"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Alexandria (Va.) -- Buildings, structures, etc."],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Alexandria (Va.) -- Buildings, structures, etc."],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Alexandria (Va.) -- Buildings, structures, etc."],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"creators_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of John Stevens and the Alexandria Archaeology Society."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Houses -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Construction + architecture","Architecture -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Buildings -- Specifications","City planning -- Virginia -- Alexandria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Houses -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Construction + architecture","Architecture -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Buildings -- Specifications","City planning -- Virginia -- Alexandria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.60 Cubic Feet 10 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.60 Cubic Feet 10 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermits for new construction and permits for repairs and alterations were first issued in Alexandria, Virginia starting in 1891. That year, a new act to regulate the erection of buildings in the city was approved by the Common Council President, President of the Board of Aldermen, and the Mayor. Permit applications were submitted to the Office of the City Engineer. After approval was granted by the City Engineer, the Office of the City Auditor issued the permits. The Office of the City Auditor kept all permit applications and provided an annual report to the City Council with statistics regarding permits issued. In 1891, it cost $0.50 to apply for a building permit and fines for violating city regulations ranged from $2.00 to $10.00.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Permits for new construction and permits for repairs and alterations were first issued in Alexandria, Virginia starting in 1891. That year, a new act to regulate the erection of buildings in the city was approved by the Common Council President, President of the Board of Aldermen, and the Mayor. Permit applications were submitted to the Office of the City Engineer. After approval was granted by the City Engineer, the Office of the City Auditor issued the permits. The Office of the City Auditor kept all permit applications and provided an annual report to the City Council with statistics regarding permits issued. In 1891, it cost $0.50 to apply for a building permit and fines for violating city regulations ranged from $2.00 to $10.00."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|35560161-c3fa-443e-8177-f9cd3bc360a6/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item description], Early Building and Repair Permits, MS040, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[item description], Early Building and Repair Permits, MS040, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/61\"\u003eAlexandria Building and Repair Permits (MS080)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Alexandria Building and Repair Permits (MS080)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains applications for permits for new construction and repairs or alterations of properties in Alexandria, Virginia, dating from the 1890s through the 1940s. These documents include description of the property, description of new construction or proposed modifications, location, owner, builder, material, cost, and other specifications. Some permits also include hand-drawn maps or architectural sketches. The collection is organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains applications for permits for new construction and repairs or alterations of properties in Alexandria, Virginia, dating from the 1890s through the 1940s. These documents include description of the property, description of new construction or proposed modifications, location, owner, builder, material, cost, and other specifications. Some permits also include hand-drawn maps or architectural sketches. The collection is organized chronologically."],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":81,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c10"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c35","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1913","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c35#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eElliott, Robert; 125-127 South Royal Street; 01/02/1913 \u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c35#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c35","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c35"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c35","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","parent_ssim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161"],"title_filing_ssi":"1913","title_ssm":["1913"],"title_tesim":["1913"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1913"],"text":["1913","Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949","box 04","folder 035","Elliott, Robert; 125-127 South Royal Street; 01/02/1913 S.D. DeVaughn and Son; southwest corner of Princess Street and Alfred Street; 01/20/1913 Franklin, Milton; north side of 619 South Alfred Street; 02/26/1913 R.W. Minamin and Son; Payne Street near Duke Street; 03/06/1913 Lindey, Walter; 818 King Street; 04/08/1913 Kirk, Jr., H.; 308 North Columbus Street; 04/08/1913 Devers, Jas W.; 1407-1411 King Street; 04/09/1913 Uhler, Mrs. Nellie; 117 North Washington Street; 04/25/1913 Davis, L. Morgan; 420 North Alfred Street; 05/02/1913 Moncure, R.; rear of 113 Prince Street; 05/05/1913 O'Neal, W.T.; 216 Wolfe Street; 05/13/1913 Parker and Bros; 1514-1516 King Street; 05/20/1913 Matthews, F.C.; rear of 213 North Fairfax Street; 05/28/1913 Peyton, G.D.; 127 South Peyton Street; 06/05/1913 Marbury, F.F.; 514 Prince Street; 06/13/1913 Smith, Lewis; rear of 1310 Queen Street; 06/18/1913 King, Angus; lot southeast corner of West Street and Cameron Street; 06/21/1913 Stout, Marshall; 1014 Queen Street; 06/27/1913 Monroe, J.W.; 307 South Saint Asaph Street; 06/28/1913 Bain, W.E.; northeast corner of Fairfax and Queen Street; 06/28/1913 Hibbs, J.F.; rear northwest Saint Asaph Street and Wolfe Street; 06/30/1913 Dreifus, J.; 102 Prince Street; 06/10/1913 Alexandria Fertilizer and Chemical Co.; Princess Street, between Union Street and Lee Street; 07/11/1913 Whiting, Nellie; 519 Gibbon Street; 07/19/1913 Rawlett, Thomas; 318-322 North Pitt Street; 08/07/1913 Wilinson, W.J.; 310 North Patrick Street; 08/08/1913 West, J.S.; 333 Commerce Street; 08/14/1913 Carter, Hester C.; 606 South Washington Street; 08/22/1913 Simpson, Wm. G.; 610 South Lee Street; 08/28/1913 Arrington, Thomas E.; rear 712 North Henry; 09/04/1913 Christ Church trustees; Christ Church; 09/06/1913 Bucknir, Mrs.; 1020 Cameron Street; 09/11/1913 Baker, Sadie M.; 627 South Saint Asaph Street; 09/18/1913 White, Marcellus; Franklin Street, between Royal Street and Pitt Street; 10/01/1913 Crockett, D.S.; 600 South Pitt Street; 10/09/1913 Hamilton, J.E.; 433 South Fairfax Street; 10/13/1913 Stevens, Moses; 1325 Cameron Street; 10/28/1913 Jett, Wm.; 322 North Fairfax Street; 10/13/1913 Roche, Mrs.; 709 King Street; 11/10/1913 Schneider, R.W.; 209 North Columbus Street; 11/13/1913 Sanders and Stayman Co.; rear of 611-613 King Street; 11/13/1913 Roberts, Thersa; 308 North Lee Street; 11/24/1913 Monroe, J.W.; 900 Block of North Patrick Street; 12/04/1913"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":35,"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"containers_ssim":["box 04","folder 035"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElliott, Robert; 125-127 South Royal Street; 01/02/1913 \u003cbr\u003eS.D. DeVaughn and Son; southwest corner of Princess Street and Alfred Street; 01/20/1913 \u003cbr\u003eFranklin, Milton; north side of 619 South Alfred Street; 02/26/1913 \u003cbr\u003eR.W. Minamin and Son; Payne Street near Duke Street; 03/06/1913 \u003cbr\u003eLindey, Walter; 818 King Street; 04/08/1913 \u003cbr\u003eKirk, Jr., H.; 308 North Columbus Street; 04/08/1913 \u003cbr\u003eDevers, Jas W.; 1407-1411 King Street; 04/09/1913 \u003cbr\u003eUhler, Mrs. Nellie; 117 North Washington Street; 04/25/1913 \u003cbr\u003eDavis, L. Morgan; 420 North Alfred Street; 05/02/1913 \u003cbr\u003eMoncure, R.; rear of 113 Prince Street; 05/05/1913 \u003cbr\u003eO'Neal, W.T.; 216 Wolfe Street; 05/13/1913 \u003cbr\u003eParker and Bros; 1514-1516 King Street; 05/20/1913 \u003cbr\u003eMatthews, F.C.; rear of 213 North Fairfax Street; 05/28/1913 \u003cbr\u003ePeyton, G.D.; 127 South Peyton Street; 06/05/1913 \u003cbr\u003eMarbury, F.F.; 514 Prince Street; 06/13/1913 \u003cbr\u003eSmith, Lewis; rear of 1310 Queen Street; 06/18/1913 \u003cbr\u003eKing, Angus; lot southeast corner of West Street and Cameron Street; 06/21/1913 \u003cbr\u003eStout, Marshall; 1014 Queen Street; 06/27/1913 \u003cbr\u003eMonroe, J.W.; 307 South Saint Asaph Street; 06/28/1913 \u003cbr\u003eBain, W.E.; northeast corner of Fairfax and Queen Street; 06/28/1913 \u003cbr\u003eHibbs, J.F.; rear northwest Saint Asaph Street and Wolfe Street; 06/30/1913 \u003cbr\u003eDreifus, J.; 102 Prince Street; 06/10/1913 \u003cbr\u003eAlexandria Fertilizer and Chemical Co.; Princess Street, between Union Street and Lee Street; 07/11/1913 \u003cbr\u003eWhiting, Nellie; 519 Gibbon Street; 07/19/1913 \u003cbr\u003eRawlett, Thomas; 318-322 North Pitt Street; 08/07/1913 \u003cbr\u003eWilinson, W.J.; 310 North Patrick Street; 08/08/1913 \u003cbr\u003eWest, J.S.; 333 Commerce Street; 08/14/1913 \u003cbr\u003eCarter, Hester C.; 606 South Washington Street; 08/22/1913 \u003cbr\u003eSimpson, Wm. G.; 610 South Lee Street; 08/28/1913 \u003cbr\u003eArrington, Thomas E.; rear 712 North Henry; 09/04/1913 \u003cbr\u003eChrist Church trustees; Christ Church; 09/06/1913 \u003cbr\u003eBucknir, Mrs.; 1020 Cameron Street; 09/11/1913 \u003cbr\u003eBaker, Sadie M.; 627 South Saint Asaph Street; 09/18/1913 \u003cbr\u003eWhite, Marcellus; Franklin Street, between Royal Street and Pitt Street; 10/01/1913 \u003cbr\u003eCrockett, D.S.; 600 South Pitt Street; 10/09/1913 \u003cbr\u003eHamilton, J.E.; 433 South Fairfax Street; 10/13/1913 \u003cbr\u003eStevens, Moses; 1325 Cameron Street; 10/28/1913 \u003cbr\u003eJett, Wm.; 322 North Fairfax Street; 10/13/1913 \u003cbr\u003eRoche, Mrs.; 709 King Street; 11/10/1913 \u003cbr\u003eSchneider, R.W.; 209 North Columbus Street; 11/13/1913 \u003cbr\u003eSanders and Stayman Co.; rear of 611-613 King Street; 11/13/1913 \u003cbr\u003eRoberts, Thersa; 308 North Lee Street; 11/24/1913 \u003cbr\u003eMonroe, J.W.; 900 Block of North Patrick Street; 12/04/1913\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Elliott, Robert; 125-127 South Royal Street; 01/02/1913 S.D. DeVaughn and Son; southwest corner of Princess Street and Alfred Street; 01/20/1913 Franklin, Milton; north side of 619 South Alfred Street; 02/26/1913 R.W. Minamin and Son; Payne Street near Duke Street; 03/06/1913 Lindey, Walter; 818 King Street; 04/08/1913 Kirk, Jr., H.; 308 North Columbus Street; 04/08/1913 Devers, Jas W.; 1407-1411 King Street; 04/09/1913 Uhler, Mrs. Nellie; 117 North Washington Street; 04/25/1913 Davis, L. Morgan; 420 North Alfred Street; 05/02/1913 Moncure, R.; rear of 113 Prince Street; 05/05/1913 O'Neal, W.T.; 216 Wolfe Street; 05/13/1913 Parker and Bros; 1514-1516 King Street; 05/20/1913 Matthews, F.C.; rear of 213 North Fairfax Street; 05/28/1913 Peyton, G.D.; 127 South Peyton Street; 06/05/1913 Marbury, F.F.; 514 Prince Street; 06/13/1913 Smith, Lewis; rear of 1310 Queen Street; 06/18/1913 King, Angus; lot southeast corner of West Street and Cameron Street; 06/21/1913 Stout, Marshall; 1014 Queen Street; 06/27/1913 Monroe, J.W.; 307 South Saint Asaph Street; 06/28/1913 Bain, W.E.; northeast corner of Fairfax and Queen Street; 06/28/1913 Hibbs, J.F.; rear northwest Saint Asaph Street and Wolfe Street; 06/30/1913 Dreifus, J.; 102 Prince Street; 06/10/1913 Alexandria Fertilizer and Chemical Co.; Princess Street, between Union Street and Lee Street; 07/11/1913 Whiting, Nellie; 519 Gibbon Street; 07/19/1913 Rawlett, Thomas; 318-322 North Pitt Street; 08/07/1913 Wilinson, W.J.; 310 North Patrick Street; 08/08/1913 West, J.S.; 333 Commerce Street; 08/14/1913 Carter, Hester C.; 606 South Washington Street; 08/22/1913 Simpson, Wm. G.; 610 South Lee Street; 08/28/1913 Arrington, Thomas E.; rear 712 North Henry; 09/04/1913 Christ Church trustees; Christ Church; 09/06/1913 Bucknir, Mrs.; 1020 Cameron Street; 09/11/1913 Baker, Sadie M.; 627 South Saint Asaph Street; 09/18/1913 White, Marcellus; Franklin Street, between Royal Street and Pitt Street; 10/01/1913 Crockett, D.S.; 600 South Pitt Street; 10/09/1913 Hamilton, J.E.; 433 South Fairfax Street; 10/13/1913 Stevens, Moses; 1325 Cameron Street; 10/28/1913 Jett, Wm.; 322 North Fairfax Street; 10/13/1913 Roche, Mrs.; 709 King Street; 11/10/1913 Schneider, R.W.; 209 North Columbus Street; 11/13/1913 Sanders and Stayman Co.; rear of 611-613 King Street; 11/13/1913 Roberts, Thersa; 308 North Lee Street; 11/24/1913 Monroe, J.W.; 900 Block of North Patrick Street; 12/04/1913"],"_nest_path_":"/components#34","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_161.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/161","title_ssm":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040)"],"title_tesim":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1890s - 1940s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1890s - 1940s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1890/1949"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949"],"text":["Early Building and Repair Permits (MS040), 1890/1949","MS040","Alexandria (Va.) -- History","Alexandria (Va.) -- Buildings, structures, etc.","Buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Houses -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Construction + architecture","Architecture -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Buildings -- Specifications","City planning -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Permits for new construction and permits for repairs and alterations were first issued in Alexandria, Virginia starting in 1891. 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These documents include description of the property, description of new construction or proposed modifications, location, owner, builder, material, cost, and other specifications. Some permits also include hand-drawn maps or architectural sketches. The collection is organized chronologically.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). 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Office of City Auditor"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of John Stevens and the Alexandria Archaeology Society."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Houses -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Construction + architecture","Architecture -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Buildings -- Specifications","City planning -- Virginia -- Alexandria"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Buildings -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Houses -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Construction + architecture","Architecture -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Buildings -- Specifications","City planning -- Virginia -- Alexandria"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.60 Cubic Feet 10 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.60 Cubic Feet 10 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermits for new construction and permits for repairs and alterations were first issued in Alexandria, Virginia starting in 1891. That year, a new act to regulate the erection of buildings in the city was approved by the Common Council President, President of the Board of Aldermen, and the Mayor. Permit applications were submitted to the Office of the City Engineer. After approval was granted by the City Engineer, the Office of the City Auditor issued the permits. The Office of the City Auditor kept all permit applications and provided an annual report to the City Council with statistics regarding permits issued. In 1891, it cost $0.50 to apply for a building permit and fines for violating city regulations ranged from $2.00 to $10.00.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Permits for new construction and permits for repairs and alterations were first issued in Alexandria, Virginia starting in 1891. That year, a new act to regulate the erection of buildings in the city was approved by the Common Council President, President of the Board of Aldermen, and the Mayor. Permit applications were submitted to the Office of the City Engineer. After approval was granted by the City Engineer, the Office of the City Auditor issued the permits. The Office of the City Auditor kept all permit applications and provided an annual report to the City Council with statistics regarding permits issued. In 1891, it cost $0.50 to apply for a building permit and fines for violating city regulations ranged from $2.00 to $10.00."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|35560161-c3fa-443e-8177-f9cd3bc360a6/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[item description], Early Building and Repair Permits, MS040, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[item description], Early Building and Repair Permits, MS040, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/61\"\u003eAlexandria Building and Repair Permits (MS080)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Alexandria Building and Repair Permits (MS080)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains applications for permits for new construction and repairs or alterations of properties in Alexandria, Virginia, dating from the 1890s through the 1940s. These documents include description of the property, description of new construction or proposed modifications, location, owner, builder, material, cost, and other specifications. Some permits also include hand-drawn maps or architectural sketches. The collection is organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains applications for permits for new construction and repairs or alterations of properties in Alexandria, Virginia, dating from the 1890s through the 1940s. These documents include description of the property, description of new construction or proposed modifications, location, owner, builder, material, cost, and other specifications. Some permits also include hand-drawn maps or architectural sketches. The collection is organized chronologically."],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":81,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c35"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c30","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"1916 marriage certificate of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas, 1916","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c30#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWant to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-digital-collection\"\u003eDigital Special Collections portal\u003c/a\u003e and share information about it using our Community Description form at: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c30#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c30","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c30"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c30","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11","parent_ssim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11"],"title_filing_ssi":"1916 marriage certificate of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas","title_ssm":["1916 marriage certificate of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas"],"title_tesim":["1916 marriage certificate of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1916 marriage certificate of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas, 1916"],"text":["1916 marriage certificate of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas, 1916","Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents","Want to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the Digital Special Collections portal and share information about it using our Community Description form at: https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1916"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1916-08-31"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":932,"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information.","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"date_range_isim":[1916],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_67ee6d3d-10bf-4ead-bc78-35a5836f56ca/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital image"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWant to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-digital-collection\"\u003eDigital Special Collections portal\u003c/a\u003e and share information about it using our Community Description form at: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Want to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the Digital Special Collections portal and share information about it using our Community Description form at: https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description"],"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#29","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_172.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/172","title_ssm":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["Digital surrogates created in 2023","1937-2005, and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1937-2005, and undated"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Digital surrogates created in 2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1937/2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005"],"text":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","ABFR","/repositories/2/resources/172","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs","African Americans -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Parker-Gray Schools (Alexandria, Va.)","This collection is open for research.","On April 29, 2023 Alexandria Library hosted the first Black Family Reunion at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in Old Town Alexandria. The event aimed to bring neighborhoods together and help fill gaps in the documented history of Alexandria's African American community. As part of the event, families were invited to bring documents and images to be scanned by Library staff and added to the collections at the Local History / Special Collections Branch to be preserved as part of the city's historical record and made available to the public online.","Elrich W. Murphy Photograph Collection","This collection contains digital donations collected from members of the Alexandria African American community during the 2023 Alexandria Black Family Reunion event. This is a completely digital collection consisting of digital surrogates of the materials; the original items have been retained by their owners. Included are photographs, documents, and ephemera.","Please note that processed donations will be added to this collection on an ongoing basis. Check this collection guide for regular updates.","The materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information.","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.)","Bah, Char McCargo","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["ABFR","/repositories/2/resources/172"],"unitid_tesim":["ABFR","/repositories/2/resources/172"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs"],"places_ssim":["African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Alexandria (Va.) -- Social life and customs"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bah, Char McCargo"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.)"],"creators_ssim":["Bah, Char McCargo","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information.","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Parker-Gray Schools (Alexandria, Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","Parker-Gray Schools (Alexandria, Va.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["55 Gigabytes"],"extent_tesim":["55 Gigabytes"],"date_range_isim":[1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn April 29, 2023 Alexandria Library hosted the first Black Family Reunion at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in Old Town Alexandria. 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As part of the event, families were invited to bring documents and images to be scanned by Library staff and added to the collections at the Local History / Special Collections Branch to be preserved as part of the city's historical record and made available to the public online."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a7d3c2f1-1826-48ba-b64b-d36ef49d81f5/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item description], Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, Alexandria Library, Local History / Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item description], Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, Alexandria Library, Local History / Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/175\"\u003eElrich W. 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Check this collection guide for regular updates. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains digital donations collected from members of the Alexandria African American community during the 2023 Alexandria Black Family Reunion event. This is a completely digital collection consisting of digital surrogates of the materials; the original items have been retained by their owners. Included are photographs, documents, and ephemera.","Please note that processed donations will be added to this collection on an ongoing basis. Check this collection guide for regular updates."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\"\u003e http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information.","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.)"],"persname_ssim":["Bah, Char McCargo"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.)","Bah, Char McCargo"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1499,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c30"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c31","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"1916 marriage license of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas, 1916","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c31#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWant to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-digital-collection\"\u003eDigital Special Collections portal\u003c/a\u003e and share information about it using our Community Description form at: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c31#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c31","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c31"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11_c31","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11","parent_ssim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_172_c11"],"title_filing_ssi":"1916 marriage license of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas","title_ssm":["1916 marriage license of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas"],"title_tesim":["1916 marriage license of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1916 marriage license of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas, 1916"],"text":["1916 marriage license of Albert Napper and Virginia Thomas, 1916","Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents","Want to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the Digital Special Collections portal and share information about it using our Community Description form at: https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005","Dorothy Taylor family photographs and documents"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1916"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1916-08-28"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":933,"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Black Family Reunion Digital Collection, 1937/2005"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). Contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more information.","http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"date_range_isim":[1916],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_bbff8013-786d-4253-a3a1-20c7887b9187/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital image"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWant to help us describe this image? Use the Digital Materials link below to view this image on the \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-digital-collection\"\u003eDigital Special Collections portal\u003c/a\u003e and share information about it using our Community Description form at: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/ABFR-community-description\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Want to help us describe this image? 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Check this collection guide for regular updates.","The materials in this collection are protected by copyright and/or other intellectual property rights. Permission must be obtained from the rights-holder(s) for uses beyond those permitted under the \"Fair Use\" doctrine of the U.S. Copyright Act (17 U.S.C § 107). 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These documents include description of the property, description of new construction or proposed modifications, location, owner, builder, material, cost, and other specifications. Some permits also include hand-drawn maps or architectural sketches. The collection is organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains applications for permits for new construction and repairs or alterations of properties in Alexandria, Virginia, dating from the 1890s through the 1940s. These documents include description of the property, description of new construction or proposed modifications, location, owner, builder, material, cost, and other specifications. Some permits also include hand-drawn maps or architectural sketches. The collection is organized chronologically."],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Engineer","Alexandria (Va.). Office of City Auditor"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":81,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_161_c81"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01_c04","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1937 Quaker Contract with the Library (copy)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01_c04","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01_c04"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01_c04","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01","parent_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002), 1794/2007","Series I: Organizational Records, 1944/2002"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"1937 Quaker Contract with the Library (copy)","title_ssm":["1937 Quaker Contract with the Library (copy)"],"title_tesim":["1937 Quaker Contract with the Library (copy)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1937 Quaker Contract with the Library (copy)"],"text":["1937 Quaker Contract with the Library (copy)","Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002), 1794/2007","Series I: Organizational Records, 1944/2002","box 01","folder 004","English"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002), 1794/2007","Series I: Organizational Records, 1944/2002"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002), 1794/2007","Series I: Organizational Records, 1944/2002"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["Undated"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":5,"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002), 1794/2007"],"containers_ssim":["box 01","folder 004"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"language_ssim":["English"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|4e39853c-b5a8-4675-a06f-7953899ae59a/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_128.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/128","title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1794-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1794-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1794/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002), 1794/2007"],"text":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002), 1794/2007","MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128","Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc","Public libraries.","In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club.","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half.","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860.","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog.","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version.","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization.","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result.","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there.","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors\n      \n        February 1794-February 1813\n        Rev. James Muir\n      \n      \n        February 1813-February 1815\n        Hugh Smith\n      \n      \n        February 1815-March 1824\n        John Roberts\n      \n      \n        March 1824-February 1829\n        Hugh Smith\n      \n      \n        February 1829-February 1835\n        John Richards\n      \n      \n        February 1835-February 1840\n        John Roberts\n      \n      \n        February 1840-1852\n        Elias Harrison\n      \n      \n        1852-February 1855\n        J. Louis Kinzer\n      \n      \n        February 1855-September 1858\n        Francis Miller\n      \n      \n        September 1858- February 1859\n        Richard L. Carne\n      \n      \n        February 1859-September 1859\n        Caleb S. Hallowell\n      \n      \n        September 1859-February 1860\n        William G. Cazenove\n      \n      \n        February 1860-February 1870\n        Richard L. Carne\n      \n      \n        February 1870-February 1873\n        K. Kemper\n      \n      \n        February 1873-October 1873\n        Samuel H. Janney\n      \n      \n        October 1873-February 1874\n        Sidney C. Neale\n      \n      \n        February 1874-June 1879\n        Mercer Slaughter\n      \n      \n        September 1897-October 1905\n        Virginia Corse\n      \n      \n        July 1906-June 1925\n        Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe\n      \n      \n        October 1925-April 1930\n        Loula Smoot\n      \n      \n        April 1930-November 1933\n        Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule]\n      \n      \n        December 1933-December 1934\n        Mary Lloyd\n      \n      \n        December 1934-December 1936\n        Susan Thomson\n      \n      \n        December 1936-November 1937\n        Mrs. Louis Scott\n      \n      \n        November 1937-November 1944\n        Mrs. Curtis Backus\n      \n      \n        November 1944-November 1946\n        Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett]\n      \n      \n        November 1946-November 1947\n        Howard Worth Smith\n      \n      \n        November 1947-October 1948\n        [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones\n      \n      \n        October 1948-October 1949\n        Miss Horne\n      \n      \n        October 1949-October 1950\n        Mr. Stanley King\n      \n      \n        October 1950-December 1951\n        Mr. [Joseph] Crockett\n      \n      \n        December 1951-February 1955\n        Mr. Robert Moncure\n      \n      \n        February 1955-February 1957\n        Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox\n      \n      \n        February 1957-February 1959\n        Stanley King\n      \n      \n        February 1959-February 1962\n        Mangum Weeks\n      \n      \n        February 1962-February 1963\n        Richard Bales\n      \n      \n        February 1963-February 1965\n        Donald King\n      \n      \n        February 1965-February 1967\n        David Squires\n      \n      \n        February 1967-February 1969\n        Howard Worth Smith Jr.\n      \n      \n        February 1969-February 1971\n        William Francis Smith\n      \n      \n        February 1971-February 1972\n        John T. Ticer\n      \n      \n        February 1972-February 1974\n        David M. Abshire\n      \n      \n        February 1974-February 1976\n        Mrs. Merill Beede\n      \n      \n        February 1976-February 1978\n        Mrs. Douglas Lindsey\n      \n      \n        February 1978-February 1980\n        Clarke T. Cooper Jr.\n      \n      \n        February 1980-February 1982\n        William Seale\n      \n      \n        February 1982-February 1983\n        Denys Peter Myers\n      \n      \n        February 1983-February 1985\n        William B. Hurd\n      \n      \n        February 1985-February 1986\n        George J. Stansfield\n      \n      \n        February 1986-February 1987\n        Dr. Ernest A. Connally\n      \n      \n        February 1987-February 1989\n        Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr.\n      \n      \n        February 1989-March 1991\n        James M. Lewis\n      \n      \n        March 1991-March 1992\n        Mrs. Anne Smith Paul\n      \n      \n        March 1992-March 1993\n        Richard R. G. Hobson\n      \n      \n        March 1993-March 1995\n        Dabney Waring\n      \n      \n        March 1995-March 1997\n        James R. Hobson\n      \n      \n        March 1997-March 1998\n        Robert C. Reed\n      \n      \n        March 1998-March 2000\n        Neil Horstman\n      \n      \n        March 2000-March 2002\n        Carroll Johnson\n      \n      \n        March 2002-March 2003\n        Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria\n      \n        February 1794-February 1796\n        Edward Stabler\n      \n      \n        February 1796-February 1818\n        James Kennedy\n      \n      \n        February 1818-August 1826\n        William Cranch\n      \n      \n        August 1826-October 1829\n        W. Samuel Mark\n      \n      \n        October 1829-March 1845\n        George Drinker\n      \n      \n        March 1845-September 1845\n        James M. Eaches\n      \n      \n        September 1845-September 1852\n        C.F. Stuart\n      \n      \n        September 1852-April 1853\n        H. W. P. Junius\n      \n      \n        September 1852-April 1853\n        L.? Hunter\n      \n      \n        November 1853\n        Office Abolished\n      \n      \n        February 1854-October 1855\n        E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe\n      \n      \n        October 1855-September 1858\n        Norval E. Foard\n      \n      \n        September 1858-February 1859\n        S. Scott\n      \n      \n        February 1859-September 1859\n        Edward R. Roxbury\n      \n      \n        September 1859-February 1860\n        James A. Clarridge\n      \n      \n        February 1860-April 1861\n        Charles R. Burgess (acting)\n      \n      \n        April 1861-Unknown\n        Edwin N. Wise\n      \n      \n        March 1868\n        Wr. Bushby\n      \n      \n        April 1870-May 1871\n        August Henning\n      \n      \n        July 1871-March 1872\n        W. F. Stansbury\n      \n      \n        March 1872-August 1873\n        Emma J. Young\n      \n      \n        October 1873-March 1876\n        Emily English\n      \n      \n        March 1876\n        Position Eliminated\n      \n      \n        June 1879\n        R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?)\n      \n      \n        October 1900-October 1903\n        F. Olive Lyons\n      \n      \n        October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946)\n        Alice Green\n      \n      \n        April 1937-December 1938\n        Miss Beatrice Workman\n      \n      \n        January 1939-January 1941\n        Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn)\n      \n      \n        February 1941-June 1948\n        Bessie Watson\n      \n      \n        July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month)\n        Ellen C. Burke\n      \n      \n        July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958)\n        Jeanne G. Plitt","A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series.","Several other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed.","The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","It particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","The minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures]\n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2\n        080 LEC 2\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3\n        080 LEC 3\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4\n        080 LEC 4\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5\n        080 LEC 5\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6\n        080 LEC 6\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7\n        080 LEC 7\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8\n        080 LEC 8\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9\n        080 LEC 9\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10\n        080 LEC 10\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11\n        080 LEC 11\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12\n        080 LEC 12\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13\n        080 LEC 13\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14\n        080 LEC 14\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15\n        080 LEC 15\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16\n        080 LEC 16\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17\n        080 LEC 17\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18\n        080 LEC 18","The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002), 1794/2007"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002), 1794/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"unitid_tesim":["MS002","/repositories/2/resources/128"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"geogname_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"places_ssim":["Libraries -- Subscription Libraries","Lectures and Lecturing","Associations, institutions, etc"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public libraries."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public libraries."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"extent_tesim":["8.10 Cubic Feet 13 boxes, 2 oversize boxes, 1 record carton"],"date_range_isim":[1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Presidents and Librarians of the Library"],"bioghist_tesim":["In the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club.","Society president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half.","For a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860.","In October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog.","The first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version.","In the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.","The Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.","In June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.","In the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.","In September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).","The Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.","Members built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.","Another change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization.","In 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.","Another longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result.","Four days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there.","A major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.","This name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.","Member Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.","Chronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.","Presidents of the Library Company and Its Successors\n      \n        February 1794-February 1813\n        Rev. James Muir\n      \n      \n        February 1813-February 1815\n        Hugh Smith\n      \n      \n        February 1815-March 1824\n        John Roberts\n      \n      \n        March 1824-February 1829\n        Hugh Smith\n      \n      \n        February 1829-February 1835\n        John Richards\n      \n      \n        February 1835-February 1840\n        John Roberts\n      \n      \n        February 1840-1852\n        Elias Harrison\n      \n      \n        1852-February 1855\n        J. Louis Kinzer\n      \n      \n        February 1855-September 1858\n        Francis Miller\n      \n      \n        September 1858- February 1859\n        Richard L. Carne\n      \n      \n        February 1859-September 1859\n        Caleb S. Hallowell\n      \n      \n        September 1859-February 1860\n        William G. Cazenove\n      \n      \n        February 1860-February 1870\n        Richard L. Carne\n      \n      \n        February 1870-February 1873\n        K. Kemper\n      \n      \n        February 1873-October 1873\n        Samuel H. Janney\n      \n      \n        October 1873-February 1874\n        Sidney C. Neale\n      \n      \n        February 1874-June 1879\n        Mercer Slaughter\n      \n      \n        September 1897-October 1905\n        Virginia Corse\n      \n      \n        July 1906-June 1925\n        Mrs. Samuel. L. Monroe\n      \n      \n        October 1925-April 1930\n        Loula Smoot\n      \n      \n        April 1930-November 1933\n        Mrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule]\n      \n      \n        December 1933-December 1934\n        Mary Lloyd\n      \n      \n        December 1934-December 1936\n        Susan Thomson\n      \n      \n        December 1936-November 1937\n        Mrs. Louis Scott\n      \n      \n        November 1937-November 1944\n        Mrs. Curtis Backus\n      \n      \n        November 1944-November 1946\n        Mrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett]\n      \n      \n        November 1946-November 1947\n        Howard Worth Smith\n      \n      \n        November 1947-October 1948\n        [Miss Anne] Lewis Jones\n      \n      \n        October 1948-October 1949\n        Miss Horne\n      \n      \n        October 1949-October 1950\n        Mr. Stanley King\n      \n      \n        October 1950-December 1951\n        Mr. [Joseph] Crockett\n      \n      \n        December 1951-February 1955\n        Mr. Robert Moncure\n      \n      \n        February 1955-February 1957\n        Dr. [W. Bruce] Silcox\n      \n      \n        February 1957-February 1959\n        Stanley King\n      \n      \n        February 1959-February 1962\n        Mangum Weeks\n      \n      \n        February 1962-February 1963\n        Richard Bales\n      \n      \n        February 1963-February 1965\n        Donald King\n      \n      \n        February 1965-February 1967\n        David Squires\n      \n      \n        February 1967-February 1969\n        Howard Worth Smith Jr.\n      \n      \n        February 1969-February 1971\n        William Francis Smith\n      \n      \n        February 1971-February 1972\n        John T. Ticer\n      \n      \n        February 1972-February 1974\n        David M. Abshire\n      \n      \n        February 1974-February 1976\n        Mrs. Merill Beede\n      \n      \n        February 1976-February 1978\n        Mrs. Douglas Lindsey\n      \n      \n        February 1978-February 1980\n        Clarke T. Cooper Jr.\n      \n      \n        February 1980-February 1982\n        William Seale\n      \n      \n        February 1982-February 1983\n        Denys Peter Myers\n      \n      \n        February 1983-February 1985\n        William B. Hurd\n      \n      \n        February 1985-February 1986\n        George J. Stansfield\n      \n      \n        February 1986-February 1987\n        Dr. Ernest A. Connally\n      \n      \n        February 1987-February 1989\n        Dr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr.\n      \n      \n        February 1989-March 1991\n        James M. Lewis\n      \n      \n        March 1991-March 1992\n        Mrs. Anne Smith Paul\n      \n      \n        March 1992-March 1993\n        Richard R. G. Hobson\n      \n      \n        March 1993-March 1995\n        Dabney Waring\n      \n      \n        March 1995-March 1997\n        James R. Hobson\n      \n      \n        March 1997-March 1998\n        Robert C. Reed\n      \n      \n        March 1998-March 2000\n        Neil Horstman\n      \n      \n        March 2000-March 2002\n        Carroll Johnson\n      \n      \n        March 2002-March 2003\n        Thomas C. Brown Jr.","Librarians of Alexandria\n      \n        February 1794-February 1796\n        Edward Stabler\n      \n      \n        February 1796-February 1818\n        James Kennedy\n      \n      \n        February 1818-August 1826\n        William Cranch\n      \n      \n        August 1826-October 1829\n        W. Samuel Mark\n      \n      \n        October 1829-March 1845\n        George Drinker\n      \n      \n        March 1845-September 1845\n        James M. Eaches\n      \n      \n        September 1845-September 1852\n        C.F. Stuart\n      \n      \n        September 1852-April 1853\n        H. W. P. Junius\n      \n      \n        September 1852-April 1853\n        L.? Hunter\n      \n      \n        November 1853\n        Office Abolished\n      \n      \n        February 1854-October 1855\n        E. M.[Magruder?] Lowe\n      \n      \n        October 1855-September 1858\n        Norval E. Foard\n      \n      \n        September 1858-February 1859\n        S. Scott\n      \n      \n        February 1859-September 1859\n        Edward R. Roxbury\n      \n      \n        September 1859-February 1860\n        James A. Clarridge\n      \n      \n        February 1860-April 1861\n        Charles R. Burgess (acting)\n      \n      \n        April 1861-Unknown\n        Edwin N. Wise\n      \n      \n        March 1868\n        Wr. Bushby\n      \n      \n        April 1870-May 1871\n        August Henning\n      \n      \n        July 1871-March 1872\n        W. F. Stansbury\n      \n      \n        March 1872-August 1873\n        Emma J. Young\n      \n      \n        October 1873-March 1876\n        Emily English\n      \n      \n        March 1876\n        Position Eliminated\n      \n      \n        June 1879\n        R. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?)\n      \n      \n        October 1900-October 1903\n        F. Olive Lyons\n      \n      \n        October 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946)\n        Alice Green\n      \n      \n        April 1937-December 1938\n        Miss Beatrice Workman\n      \n      \n        January 1939-January 1941\n        Katherine Scoggin (later Martyn)\n      \n      \n        February 1941-June 1948\n        Bessie Watson\n      \n      \n        July 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month)\n        Ellen C. Burke\n      \n      \n        July 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958)\n        Jeanne G. Plitt"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|7a4491fe-5b8d-43e9-aa46-69ecce4c0734/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item], Alexandria Library Company Records, MS002, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeveral other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["A reprocessing project begun in 2018 incorporated several boxes of previously unprocessed materials dating from the 1960s to the 2000s, with the bulk dating from after 1980. They included many short, overlapping sequences of correspondence, lecture, meeting, and member records which were merged into continuations of established series including primarily correspondence and lectures but also meetings and member correspondence. The \"subject files\" were added to the existing miscellaneous series.","Several other changes were also made. A re-examination of the catalog, subscription, and circulation books was undertaken and most were renumbered, described, and relabeled based on primary source research. The 1794-1861 minute book that had been donated back in 1922 was also discovered misfiled in Ms 98 (which covers the library proper since 1937) and was returned to its original collection. Some letters found in minute books were moved to the correspondence series, and their original locations were bookmarked with acid free paper. Photocopies of catalogs were removed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nIt particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures]\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 2\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 3\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 4\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 5\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 6\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 7\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 8\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 9\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 10\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 11\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 12\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 13\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 14\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 15\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 16\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 17\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAlexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e080 LEC 18\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Alexandria Library Records (Ms 98) document the library as a separate institution from 1937 onward.","It particularly complements this collection in its early decades through its administrative correspondence, board correspondence, minutes, annual reports, and organizational records, including contracts with the Alexandria Library Society.","The minutes of the library's executive board (1938-1947) are included in the microfilm version of the library minute books 1794-1947.","Transcripts of library company lectures 2-18 are available in the library.","Lecture series : [transcripts of the audiotapes made of the scholars invited to speak at these annual lectures]\n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #2\n        080 LEC 2\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #3\n        080 LEC 3\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #4\n        080 LEC 4\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #5\n        080 LEC 5\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #6\n        080 LEC 6\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #7\n        080 LEC 7\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #8\n        080 LEC 8\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #9\n        080 LEC 9\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #10\n        080 LEC 10\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #11\n        080 LEC 11\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #12\n        080 LEC 12\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #13\n        080 LEC 13\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #14\n        080 LEC 14\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #15\n        080 LEC 15\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #16\n        080 LEC 16\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #17\n        080 LEC 17\n      \n      \n        Alexandria Library Co. Lecture Series #18\n        080 LEC 18"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of circulation, subscription, and financial ledgers, annual lecture series documents, catalogues, correspondence, and various organizational documents. Topics include: foundation of the\nAlexandria Library Company, its cycles of growth and decline reflecting the local economy; the formation of the local public library system; and the on-going activities of the Alexandria Library Company, most notably its lecture series."],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":147,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:21:50.422Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the 1780s, a discussion group of Alexandria gentlemen called \"The Society for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge\" was formed. In 1794, many of these same individuals gathered to form the nucleus of the Alexandria Library Company (ALC). The ALC was a subscription library modelled after the Philadelphia Library Company, which had also emerged from such a club. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSociety president Reverend John Muir became president of the ALC, a position he would hold for almost 20 years. Many of the library's founders are known to have been members of local Masonic lodges. Elisha Cullen Dick, who had succeeded George Washington as the leader of Lodge 22, was among the first directors of the ALC as well as the secretary of the earlier Society. The first Librarian was Edward Stabler, the proprietor of an apothecary shop. In 1796, Stabler was replaced by James Kennedy, who served as librarian until 1818. Overlaps and family links between the leadership of the library and other Alexandria institutions remained common over the next century and a half. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor a time, the Alexandria Lyceum (founded in 1838) and the ALC shared a physical space as well as similar missions. The Alexandria Lyceum was founded as part of a national movement focused on educational lectures. The union between the two organizations was dissolved in 1844, but the library continued to rent space from the Lyceum. The library was later said to have been in a state of \"suspended animation\" from around 1846 to 1852. In 1852, a \"Young Men's\" group took over under the original charter, publishing a new catalog in 1856. The library continued to operate into the Civil War. It remained in the Lyceum but not without acrimony, which is evident in the Alexandria Gazette in 1860. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn October 1867, an agreement was reached with what was variously referred to as the Alexandria Christian Association and the YMCA for assistance with running the library. The library separated from this organization during the early 1870s. By the second half of the 1870s, the library fell into a decline which the directors blamed on the lack of a published catalog. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first library catalog had been prepared by Kennedy in 1796 and published sometime thereafter. The earliest catalog of which there is an extant copy was published in 1801, followed by another in 1808 of which there are few traces. A more enduring catalog was created in 1815. The 1830s saw publication of a supplement to the 1815 catalog and the creation of a working catalog that would be used into the late 1840s. Normal circulation records end in April 1861 when the library was converted into a military hospital. There are stray entries in May and December before operations resumed on a limited basis in May 1862 and continued at least through that year. Over a thousand volumes were lost during the war. Due to the decline in usage in the 1870s, a new catalog was produced by librarian Emma J. Young in 1872 but never published. After two years with Young's catalog, another was commissioned from Dr. Theo West, which also went unpublished. As a stopgap, handwritten copies were used by patrons. In 1898, a new catalog was created which utilized a decimal system for the first time. The last published catalog was a supplement to the 1912 version. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the late 1870s, appeals were made to the men of Alexandria for support,. The directors met with another \"Young Men's Library Association\" in 1878 without success, records of operations stop after January 1880.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Gazette reported in January 1881 that the books were now in the custody of the school board, whose membership included William F. Carne, a former library company director and the son of one its former presidents. In May 1887 it reported that Carne, as leader of the board's library committee, was inviting associations wishing to participate in re-opening the library to a meeting at the Peabody school building where the books were held, and explained that he had always intended a reading room to be opened to the public once space was freed up for that purpose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn June 1887, the Gazette reported that the \"Reading Circle of Washington and Lee Schools\" organized by teachers two years prior and the YMCA would operate the free library during the summer, in the hope that in September \"an effort will be made, with a very fair prospect of success, to re-organize the Library Company.\" Gazette reports in 1890 and 1891 refer to continued efforts by Carne and others to \"re-open\" the library, and in 1892 being part of a \"committee on the project for a free public library,\" but they did not succeed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the decades after 1870s librarianship not only professionalized but underwent a rapid gender shift, and apart from the periods in which there was no librarian for financial reasons, no male librarians seem to have been employed until well into the 20th century. Women's library organizations had become common nationally, and along with the philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie played a major role in the growth of public libraries in America starting in the late 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn September 1897, the Alexandria Library Association led by Virginia Corse received custody of the books then in possession of the school board. With a modest donation from Carnegie, by 1898 the library was back in business, but as a subscription library, it would not become a free public library for almost 40 years. The new library needed a new librarian, and after one or two initial hires, the association found Alice Green (1865-1956), who would serve from 1902-1937 and in a lesser capacity into the mid-1940s. During this period, space for the library was rented from the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Depression brought financial hardship. As the crisis worsened in early 1931, the association had obtained $1,000 from the city council to form \"a nucleus for the establishment of a public library.\" Discussion of becoming a public library had been common since the 1920s, as the efforts of Carnegie and others had made them the norm nationally. Attempts were made to sell older books and hold fundraisers as subscription fees dried up. There was also a dispute with the UDC over a rent increase in 1933. The library was aided by the wealth of its members, including a $5,000 bequest in 1935 from its long-time treasurer, Margaret L. Smoot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMembers built political support both on the council and among the public in the mid-1930s and in 1937 it was agreed that a building would be constructed on the site of the old cemetery of the Society of Friends and that the city government would cover annual expenses of no more than $5,000 for the association to operate a free library. One member of the board would be appointed by the city. The new governing organization was rebranded the Alexandria Library Society.  Agreements were signed in January, and the library opened at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch's current location, 717 Queen Street.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnother change after 1937 was the gender composition of the leadership. Men served on the board of the new Society and played prominent roles after 1937. After 1948 they typically occupied the presidency of the organization. Most elections were unanimous, often with women casting most of the votes, but it ceased to be a women's organization. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1945 a technicality in the Society's contract with the city was brought to the attention of the board. Namely that the $5,000 the city was obligated to provide each year was not the minimum but rather the maximum contribution, and that the higher appropriations it had been making were illegal. The city took this as an opportunity to demand a contract change beyond the funding formula. Although the men of the city council had representation on the board, the women of the Society were still ultimately running the library, and the Society was asked to allow a majority of the executive board to be appointed by the city, and a minority by the Society. That the city legally \"owned the building and all its contents\" so long as it paid $5,000 per year was also pointed out. The Alexandria Library Society signed the new contract, surrendering control of the library in November 1947. In its reduced role, the Society still elected members to the board and received reports from the librarian. It also retained independent funds that could be used for the benefit of the library. With the library now fully the city's responsibility, the membership was also able to more openly advocate for additional funding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnother longstanding issue at the library was race. The president's 1928 annual report had endorsed becoming a \"free city library,\" but feared that becoming a Carnegie library \"would bring in some elements hitherto unknown and I think undesirable in our Library.\" In the 1930s the library association favored providing segregated facilities, but, after repeated meetings with the city council, failed to achieve even that modest goal. In the 13 March, 1939, minutes, the issue was revisited yet again, but without result. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour days later on 17 March 1939, Sergeant George Wilson was turned down for a library card because of his race and Samuel Tucker filed a civil rights lawsuit against the librarian on his behalf. Plans for a segregated facility were dusted off, and new staff was hired so that the librarian could focus on the controversy. On 21 August 1939, several black men organized by Tucker entered the library and followed Wilson's example, but after being refused, seated themselves in the library with books, beginning America's first library sit-in. It ended only after the city manager called the police, and all were arrested. The lawsuit was dismissed on technical grounds, but to prevent a new lawsuit the city approved the Robert H. Robinson branch, which opened in 1940. Tucker refused to accept a card there. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA major issue in the early 1950s was the push to expand the overcrowded main library serving the white community. The white librarian at the time, who had been hired in a junior capacity during Tucker's campaign in 1939, suggested to the Society that the expansion could be an opportunity to integrate. In the midst of the debates over expansion and additional funding, an opportunity emerged to purchase a neighboring building on the corner of North Columbus and Queen, which was later demolished. This prompted a discussion about the Alexandria Library Society's connection to the original library company. It was decided to change the name from the \"Alexandria Library Society\" to the \"Alexandria Library Company,\" make the appropriate filings with the state government, and reinstate the 1799 charter, which would be revised by the legislature in the 1980s to help obtain tax-exempt status from the IRS.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis name change was completed at one of the company's most consequential meetings in February 1956. Every member was asked to sign their name in the minute book to signal their assent. A letter from a local civil rights activist questioning the legality of library segregation was also read, but deemed the province of the library board, which referred the matter back to the company whose reply is not preserved.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMember Mangum Weeks thereupon raised the question of the future role of the Library Company, and proposed resuming the tradition of annual lectures dating from the Lyceum period using funds from the newly instituted membership dues. This proposal was adopted, and preparing the annual lectures soon became a major focus of the Company. The Library Company continues to appoint members to the board of the Alexandria Library and hold its annual lecture series. It commissioned a new history of the library by William Seale in 2007, which can be found at the Local History and Special Collections Branch.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eChronological listings for both presidents of the board and librarians up to the modern day.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003ePresidents of the Library Company and Its Successors\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1813\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRev. James Muir\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1813-February 1815\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1815-March 1824\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1824-February 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHugh Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1829-February 1835\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Richards\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1835-February 1840\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn Roberts\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1840-1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eElias Harrison\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003e1852-February 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJ. Louis Kinzer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eFrancis Miller\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858- February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCaleb S. Hallowell\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam G. Cazenove\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-February 1870\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard L. Carne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1870-February 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eK. Kemper\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1873-October 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSamuel H. Janney\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-February 1874\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSidney C. Neale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1874-June 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMercer Slaughter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1897-October 1905\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eVirginia Corse\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1906-June 1925\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Samuel. L. Monroe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1925-April 1930\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eLoula Smoot\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1930-November 1933\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Henry B. Soule, [Jessie E. Soule]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1933-December 1934\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Lloyd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1934-December 1936\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSusan Thomson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1936-November 1937\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Louis Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1937-November 1944\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Curtis Backus\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1944-November 1946\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. [Lawrence] Fawcett, [Mary Fawcett]\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1946-November 1947\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1947-October 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003e[Miss Anne] Lewis Jones\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1948-October 1949\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Horne\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1949-October 1950\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Stanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1950-December 1951\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. [Joseph] Crockett\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eDecember 1951-February 1955\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMr. Robert Moncure\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1955-February 1957\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. [W. Bruce] Silcox\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1957-February 1959\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eStanley King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1959-February 1962\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMangum Weeks\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1962-February 1963\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard Bales\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1963-February 1965\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDonald King\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1965-February 1967\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid Squires\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1967-February 1969\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eHoward Worth Smith Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1969-February 1971\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Francis Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1971-February 1972\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJohn T. Ticer\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1972-February 1974\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDavid M. Abshire\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1974-February 1976\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Merill Beede\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1976-February 1978\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Douglas Lindsey\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1978-February 1980\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eClarke T. Cooper Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1980-February 1982\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Seale\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1982-February 1983\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDenys Peter Myers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1983-February 1985\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam B. Hurd\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1985-February 1986\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge J. Stansfield\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1986-February 1987\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Ernest A. Connally\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1987-February 1989\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDr. Wilton C. Corkern, Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1989-March 1991\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Lewis\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1991-March 1992\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMrs. Anne Smith Paul\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1992-March 1993\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRichard R. G. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1993-March 1995\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDabney Waring\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1995-March 1997\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames R. Hobson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1997-March 1998\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eRobert C. Reed\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1998-March 2000\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNeil Horstman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2000-March 2002\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCarroll Johnson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 2002-March 2003\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eThomas C. Brown Jr.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eLibrarians of Alexandria\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1794-February 1796\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward Stabler\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1796-February 1818\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames Kennedy\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1818-August 1826\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWilliam Cranch\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eAugust 1826-October 1829\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. Samuel Mark\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1829-March 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eGeorge Drinker\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1845-September 1845\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames M. Eaches\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1845-September 1852\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eC.F. Stuart\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eH. W. P. Junius\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1852-April 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eL.? Hunter\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eNovember 1853\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOffice Abolished\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1854-October 1855\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eE. M.[Magruder?] Lowe\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1855-September 1858\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNorval E. Foard\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1858-February 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eS. Scott\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1859-September 1859\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdward R. Roxbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeptember 1859-February 1860\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJames A. Clarridge\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1860-April 1861\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCharles R. Burgess (acting)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1861-Unknown\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEdwin N. Wise\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1868\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWr. Bushby\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1870-May 1871\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAugust Henning\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1871-March 1872\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eW. F. Stansbury\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1872-August 1873\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmma J. Young\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1873-March 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEmily English\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eMarch 1876\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePosition Eliminated\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJune 1879\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eR. Pendleton Bruin (unofficial? acting?)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1900-October 1903\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eF. Olive Lyons\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eOctober 1903-April 1937 (continued part-time, mentioned up to 1946)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eAlice Green\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eApril 1937-December 1938\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMiss Beatrice Workman\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJanuary 1939-January 1941\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eKatherine Scoggin (later Martyn)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eFebruary 1941-June 1948\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBessie Watson\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1948-June 1969 (hired part-time October 1939, letter of resignation later that month)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eEllen C. Burke\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eJuly 1969-October 1992 (librarian from 1958)\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eJeanne G. Plitt\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_128_c01_c04"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46_c01_c01","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"1942-1950, 1942/1950","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46_c01_c01"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46_c01","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46_c01","parent_ssim":["Civitan and Civinette Clubs of Alexandria Collection (MS038), 1942/1978","Textual Records"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"1942-1950","title_ssm":["1942-1950"],"title_tesim":["1942-1950"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1942-1950, 1942/1950"],"text":["1942-1950, 1942/1950","Civitan and Civinette Clubs of Alexandria Collection (MS038), 1942/1978","Textual Records","box 1","folder 1","English."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Civitan and Civinette Clubs of Alexandria Collection (MS038), 1942/1978","Textual Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Civitan and Civinette Clubs of Alexandria Collection (MS038), 1942/1978","Textual Records"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942/1950"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1950"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":2,"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Civitan and Civinette Clubs of Alexandria Collection (MS038), 1942/1978"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:22:04.515Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_46","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_46.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/46","title_ssm":["Civitan and Civinette Clubs of Alexandria Collection (MS038)"],"title_tesim":["Civitan and Civinette Clubs of Alexandria Collection (MS038)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1942 - 1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942 - 1978"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942/1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Civitan and Civinette Clubs of Alexandria Collection (MS038), 1942/1978"],"text":["Civitan and Civinette Clubs of Alexandria Collection (MS038), 1942/1978","MS038","Women -- Societies and clubs.","Men -- Societies and clubs.","Women's Clubs -- Virginia","Charities -- Virginia -- Alexandria","Organized by year.","The Civitan Club, founded in 1942, was an Alexandria organization whose membership was exclusively male until 1969. 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