{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Virginia.+Supreme+Court.","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=Virginia.+Supreme+Court.\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":8,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vil_vil00012","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00012#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary. \n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00012#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eContains video recordings of Hassell's annual message, delivered at the Virginia Judiciary Conferences in Roanoke, 2007; Williamsburg, 2008; Roanoke, 2009 May 11-13; and Norfolk, 2010 May 10-12. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00012#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vil_vil00012","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00012","_root_":"vil_vil00012","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00012","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00012.xml","title_ssm":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010"],"title_tesim":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00029176 \n"],"text":["00029176 \n","Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 21st century.","African American judges.","Courts -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Speeches -- Virginia -- 21st century.","1 DVD (2 hours, 13 minutes), sound, color; transcripts available","Collection is open to research.   \n","Transcripts of Chief Justice Hassell's annual state of the judiciary messages are published in the annual state of the judiciary reports, available electronically through the Library of Virginia catalog.\n","Leroy Rountree Hassell, Jr. (1955-2011)  was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2003 to 2011.  He was appointed to the court in 1989.  Hassell was the first African American elected chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. \n","The chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia delivers an annual state of the judiciary message each May at the Virginia Judiciary Conference.","Contains video recordings of Hassell's annual message, delivered at the Virginia Judiciary Conferences in Roanoke, 2007; Williamsburg, 2008; Roanoke, 2009 May 11-13; and Norfolk, 2010 May 10-12. \n","Hassell discusses magistrate system reforms, the Commission on Mental Law Reform and efforts to reform mental health laws, the Judicial Performance Evaluation Program and opposition to it in the General Assembly; improvements in information technology, including e-filing and case imaging and management systems, Drug Treatment courts, the impact of the aging population on the courts, the Commission on Courts in the 21st Century, emergency preparedness planning (Pandemic Flue Preparedness Commission), effects of state budget cuts on the judiciary branch, making legal services more accessible to the poor, and increasing diversity in the judicial branch. He also notes anniversaries important in the history of the racial integration of the judicial branch in the twentieth century. \n","In the 2010 message, Hassell concludes his remarks with recollections of growing up in Norfolk, his mentors and influences, including Judge James Benton, Norfolk lawyer Joseph Jordan, and Supreme Court of Virginia justice John Charles Thomas; and reflections on his accomplishments during his eight years as chief justice. \n","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.  \n","Judicial Conference of Virginia.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00029176 \n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010"],"collection_title_tesim":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010"],"collection_ssim":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 21st century."],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 21st century."],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary. \n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary. \n"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 21st century."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The recordings were transferred to the Virginia State Law Library from the Office of the Executive Secretary April 23, 2012.    \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American judges.","Courts -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Speeches -- Virginia -- 21st century."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American judges.","Courts -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Speeches -- Virginia -- 21st century."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 DVD (2 hours, 13 minutes), sound, color; transcripts available"],"genreform_ssim":["Speeches -- Virginia -- 21st century."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.   \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.   \n"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of Chief Justice Hassell's annual state of the judiciary messages are published in the annual state of the judiciary reports, available electronically through the Library of Virginia catalog.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available\n"],"altformavail_tesim":["Transcripts of Chief Justice Hassell's annual state of the judiciary messages are published in the annual state of the judiciary reports, available electronically through the Library of Virginia catalog.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLeroy Rountree Hassell, Jr. (1955-2011)  was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2003 to 2011.  He was appointed to the court in 1989.  Hassell was the first African American elected chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia delivers an annual state of the judiciary message each May at the Virginia Judiciary Conference.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Leroy Rountree Hassell, Jr. (1955-2011)  was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2003 to 2011.  He was appointed to the court in 1989.  Hassell was the first African American elected chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. \n","The chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia delivers an annual state of the judiciary message each May at the Virginia Judiciary Conference."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Message, 2007-2010.  Accession number  00029176,  Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Message, 2007-2010.  Accession number  00029176,  Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContains video recordings of Hassell's annual message, delivered at the Virginia Judiciary Conferences in Roanoke, 2007; Williamsburg, 2008; Roanoke, 2009 May 11-13; and Norfolk, 2010 May 10-12. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHassell discusses magistrate system reforms, the Commission on Mental Law Reform and efforts to reform mental health laws, the Judicial Performance Evaluation Program and opposition to it in the General Assembly; improvements in information technology, including e-filing and case imaging and management systems, Drug Treatment courts, the impact of the aging population on the courts, the Commission on Courts in the 21st Century, emergency preparedness planning (Pandemic Flue Preparedness Commission), effects of state budget cuts on the judiciary branch, making legal services more accessible to the poor, and increasing diversity in the judicial branch. He also notes anniversaries important in the history of the racial integration of the judicial branch in the twentieth century. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the 2010 message, Hassell concludes his remarks with recollections of growing up in Norfolk, his mentors and influences, including Judge James Benton, Norfolk lawyer Joseph Jordan, and Supreme Court of Virginia justice John Charles Thomas; and reflections on his accomplishments during his eight years as chief justice. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contains video recordings of Hassell's annual message, delivered at the Virginia Judiciary Conferences in Roanoke, 2007; Williamsburg, 2008; Roanoke, 2009 May 11-13; and Norfolk, 2010 May 10-12. \n","Hassell discusses magistrate system reforms, the Commission on Mental Law Reform and efforts to reform mental health laws, the Judicial Performance Evaluation Program and opposition to it in the General Assembly; improvements in information technology, including e-filing and case imaging and management systems, Drug Treatment courts, the impact of the aging population on the courts, the Commission on Courts in the 21st Century, emergency preparedness planning (Pandemic Flue Preparedness Commission), effects of state budget cuts on the judiciary branch, making legal services more accessible to the poor, and increasing diversity in the judicial branch. He also notes anniversaries important in the history of the racial integration of the judicial branch in the twentieth century. \n","In the 2010 message, Hassell concludes his remarks with recollections of growing up in Norfolk, his mentors and influences, including Judge James Benton, Norfolk lawyer Joseph Jordan, and Supreme Court of Virginia justice John Charles Thomas; and reflections on his accomplishments during his eight years as chief justice. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.  \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.  \n"],"names_coll_ssim":["Judicial Conference of Virginia.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011."],"names_ssim":["Judicial Conference of Virginia.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011."],"corpname_ssim":["Judicial Conference of Virginia.","Virginia. Supreme Court."],"persname_ssim":["Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:06:01.957Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00012","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00012","_root_":"vil_vil00012","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00012","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00012.xml","title_ssm":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010"],"title_tesim":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00029176 \n"],"text":["00029176 \n","Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 21st century.","African American judges.","Courts -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Speeches -- Virginia -- 21st century.","1 DVD (2 hours, 13 minutes), sound, color; transcripts available","Collection is open to research.   \n","Transcripts of Chief Justice Hassell's annual state of the judiciary messages are published in the annual state of the judiciary reports, available electronically through the Library of Virginia catalog.\n","Leroy Rountree Hassell, Jr. (1955-2011)  was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2003 to 2011.  He was appointed to the court in 1989.  Hassell was the first African American elected chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. \n","The chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia delivers an annual state of the judiciary message each May at the Virginia Judiciary Conference.","Contains video recordings of Hassell's annual message, delivered at the Virginia Judiciary Conferences in Roanoke, 2007; Williamsburg, 2008; Roanoke, 2009 May 11-13; and Norfolk, 2010 May 10-12. \n","Hassell discusses magistrate system reforms, the Commission on Mental Law Reform and efforts to reform mental health laws, the Judicial Performance Evaluation Program and opposition to it in the General Assembly; improvements in information technology, including e-filing and case imaging and management systems, Drug Treatment courts, the impact of the aging population on the courts, the Commission on Courts in the 21st Century, emergency preparedness planning (Pandemic Flue Preparedness Commission), effects of state budget cuts on the judiciary branch, making legal services more accessible to the poor, and increasing diversity in the judicial branch. He also notes anniversaries important in the history of the racial integration of the judicial branch in the twentieth century. \n","In the 2010 message, Hassell concludes his remarks with recollections of growing up in Norfolk, his mentors and influences, including Judge James Benton, Norfolk lawyer Joseph Jordan, and Supreme Court of Virginia justice John Charles Thomas; and reflections on his accomplishments during his eight years as chief justice. \n","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.  \n","Judicial Conference of Virginia.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00029176 \n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010"],"collection_title_tesim":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010"],"collection_ssim":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Messages,       \n2007-2010"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 21st century."],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 21st century."],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary. \n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Executive Secretary. \n"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Politics and government -- 21st century."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The recordings were transferred to the Virginia State Law Library from the Office of the Executive Secretary April 23, 2012.    \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American judges.","Courts -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Speeches -- Virginia -- 21st century."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American judges.","Courts -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Judges -- Virginia -- Biography.","Judges -- Virginia -- 21st century.","Speeches -- Virginia -- 21st century."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 DVD (2 hours, 13 minutes), sound, color; transcripts available"],"genreform_ssim":["Speeches -- Virginia -- 21st century."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.   \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.   \n"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of Chief Justice Hassell's annual state of the judiciary messages are published in the annual state of the judiciary reports, available electronically through the Library of Virginia catalog.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available\n"],"altformavail_tesim":["Transcripts of Chief Justice Hassell's annual state of the judiciary messages are published in the annual state of the judiciary reports, available electronically through the Library of Virginia catalog.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLeroy Rountree Hassell, Jr. (1955-2011)  was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2003 to 2011.  He was appointed to the court in 1989.  Hassell was the first African American elected chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia delivers an annual state of the judiciary message each May at the Virginia Judiciary Conference.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Leroy Rountree Hassell, Jr. (1955-2011)  was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2003 to 2011.  He was appointed to the court in 1989.  Hassell was the first African American elected chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia. \n","The chief justice of the Supreme Court of Virginia delivers an annual state of the judiciary message each May at the Virginia Judiciary Conference."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Message, 2007-2010.  Accession number  00029176,  Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Chief Justice Leroy Hassell's Annual State of the Judiciary Message, 2007-2010.  Accession number  00029176,  Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eContains video recordings of Hassell's annual message, delivered at the Virginia Judiciary Conferences in Roanoke, 2007; Williamsburg, 2008; Roanoke, 2009 May 11-13; and Norfolk, 2010 May 10-12. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHassell discusses magistrate system reforms, the Commission on Mental Law Reform and efforts to reform mental health laws, the Judicial Performance Evaluation Program and opposition to it in the General Assembly; improvements in information technology, including e-filing and case imaging and management systems, Drug Treatment courts, the impact of the aging population on the courts, the Commission on Courts in the 21st Century, emergency preparedness planning (Pandemic Flue Preparedness Commission), effects of state budget cuts on the judiciary branch, making legal services more accessible to the poor, and increasing diversity in the judicial branch. He also notes anniversaries important in the history of the racial integration of the judicial branch in the twentieth century. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the 2010 message, Hassell concludes his remarks with recollections of growing up in Norfolk, his mentors and influences, including Judge James Benton, Norfolk lawyer Joseph Jordan, and Supreme Court of Virginia justice John Charles Thomas; and reflections on his accomplishments during his eight years as chief justice. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Contains video recordings of Hassell's annual message, delivered at the Virginia Judiciary Conferences in Roanoke, 2007; Williamsburg, 2008; Roanoke, 2009 May 11-13; and Norfolk, 2010 May 10-12. \n","Hassell discusses magistrate system reforms, the Commission on Mental Law Reform and efforts to reform mental health laws, the Judicial Performance Evaluation Program and opposition to it in the General Assembly; improvements in information technology, including e-filing and case imaging and management systems, Drug Treatment courts, the impact of the aging population on the courts, the Commission on Courts in the 21st Century, emergency preparedness planning (Pandemic Flue Preparedness Commission), effects of state budget cuts on the judiciary branch, making legal services more accessible to the poor, and increasing diversity in the judicial branch. He also notes anniversaries important in the history of the racial integration of the judicial branch in the twentieth century. \n","In the 2010 message, Hassell concludes his remarks with recollections of growing up in Norfolk, his mentors and influences, including Judge James Benton, Norfolk lawyer Joseph Jordan, and Supreme Court of Virginia justice John Charles Thomas; and reflections on his accomplishments during his eight years as chief justice. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.  \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.  \n"],"names_coll_ssim":["Judicial Conference of Virginia.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011."],"names_ssim":["Judicial Conference of Virginia.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011."],"corpname_ssim":["Judicial Conference of Virginia.","Virginia. Supreme Court."],"persname_ssim":["Hassell, Leroy Rountree, 1955-2011."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:06:01.957Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00012"}},{"id":"vi_vi03106","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03106#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03106#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFranklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937, are judgments or civil suits that were heard in the County Court, District Court, Superior Court of Law, Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery, and Circuit Court in which justice was administered on the strictly formulated rules of common law. The majority of cases in this record series relate to matters of debt. Documents commonly found in civil suits include declarations or narratios that explain the plaintiff's complaint, executions, affidavits, and depositions. Suits may include exhibits such as wills, plats, deeds, indentures, estate inventories, and business records. The collection includes copies of decisions made by the Supreme Court of Appeals in Richmond, Virginia, in response to suits appealed to it from the various Franklin County courts. Most of the original documents of the Supreme Court of Appeals were destroyed by fire in 1865. Pre-1865 suits involve slaves. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03106#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi03106","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03106","_root_":"vi_vi03106","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03106","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03106.xml","title_ssm":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937"],"title_tesim":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Barcode numbers 1116855-1116856, 1116858-1117036, 1117038, 1180896/Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221\n"],"text":["Barcode numbers 1116855-1116856, 1116858-1117036, 1117038, 1180896/Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221\n","Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937","African Americans -- History","Civil procedure -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Courts -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Debt -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Public records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Affidavits -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Decisions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Depositions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Plats -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Wills -- Virginia -- Franklin County","82.35 cu. ft. (183 boxes); 128 microfilm reels","There are no restrictions.\n","Franklin County was named for Benjamin Franklin and was formed from Bedford and Henry Counties in 1785. The county court first met on 2 January 1786. Part of Patrick County was added in 1848.\n","The County Court was the original colonial court of adjudication and recordation, and it was the principal tribunal for the administration of local justice. The individual justices could act on small claims matters as well as criminal matters where imminent bodily harm was a possibility, there being an appeal to the full County Court, which met monthly. This court ceased to exist in 1904 and the recordation function was transferred to the circuit court.\n","The General Court was created in 1777. Prior to the creation of the District Courts in 1788, the General Court held appellate jurisdiction in common law cases. All of the records of the General Court were destroyed except for one pre-Revolutionary War order book, in April 1865.\n","The District Court was created in 1788. The purpose of the creation of the District Court was to alleviate congestion in the General Court which had caused unreasonable delays in the adjudication of common law cases. Virginia was divided into eighteen districts, each composed of several counties, plust the district of Kentucky. Courts were held in each district twice yearly and cases were heard from the several counties in that district. The District Court always met at the same place in each district, and its records were kept at that one location. The District Courts were abolished in 1808 and were replaced by the Superior Courts of Law.\n","The District Court for Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties met at Franklin County Courthouse from 1800 to 1808. The District Court prior to 1800 met at New London Courthouse in Bedford County.\n","The Superior Court of Law was created in 1808. It met twice a year in each county, presided over by a circuit-riding General Court judge. Records were filed with the County Court. It had civil and criminal jurisdiction. The court ceased to exist in 1831.\n","The Circuit Superior Courts of Law and Chancery, established in 1831, were the upper courts on the local level. Sessions were held twice a year in each county, presided over by a General Court judge. The counties were grouped into districts for the convenience of the judge. The court ceased to exist in 1851.\n","The Circuit Court was authorized by the Constitution of 1851 and established by an act of the General Assembly passed in May 1852. Courts were held twice yearly in each county, presided over by 21 judges who rode circuits in the area of their jurisdiction. The records were filed with County Court records. These courts were granted original jurisdiction concurrrent with that of the County Courts, as well as appellate jurisdiction in all civil cases of more than fifty dollars and criminal cases not \"expressly cognizable in some other court,\" including those involving loss of life.\n","Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937, are judgments or civil suits that were heard in the County Court, District Court, Superior Court of Law, Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery, and Circuit Court in which justice was administered on the strictly formulated rules of common law. The majority of cases in this record series relate to matters of debt. Documents commonly found in civil suits include declarations or narratios that explain the plaintiff's complaint, executions, affidavits, and depositions. Suits may include exhibits such as wills, plats, deeds, indentures, estate inventories, and business records. The collection includes copies of decisions made by the Supreme Court of Appeals in Richmond, Virginia, in response to suits appealed to it from the various Franklin County courts. Most of the original documents of the Supreme Court of Appeals were destroyed by fire in 1865. Pre-1865 suits involve slaves.\n","The District Court portion of the Determined Papers, 1789-1808, contain suits from Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties. It also includes suits from these localities that originally began in the General Court of Richmond and were transferred to the District Court of New London following its creation in 1788. The collection also includes suits heard in the District Court of New London which were transferred to Franklin County following the removal of the district Court to Franklin County Courthouse in 1800.\n","Use microfilm copies, Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court","Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery","Franklin County (Va.) County Court","Franklin County (Va.) District Court","Franklin County (Va.) Superior Court of Law","New London (Va.) District Court","Virginia. General Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["Barcode numbers 1116855-1116856, 1116858-1117036, 1117038, 1180896/Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937"],"collection_title_tesim":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937"],"collection_ssim":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from Franklin County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Civil procedure -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Courts -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Debt -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Public records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Affidavits -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Decisions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Depositions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Plats -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Wills -- Virginia -- Franklin County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Civil procedure -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Courts -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Debt -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Public records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Affidavits -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Decisions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Depositions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Plats -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Wills -- Virginia -- Franklin County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["82.35 cu. ft. (183 boxes); 128 microfilm reels"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFranklin County was named for Benjamin Franklin and was formed from Bedford and Henry Counties in 1785. The county court first met on 2 January 1786. Part of Patrick County was added in 1848.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe County Court was the original colonial court of adjudication and recordation, and it was the principal tribunal for the administration of local justice. The individual justices could act on small claims matters as well as criminal matters where imminent bodily harm was a possibility, there being an appeal to the full County Court, which met monthly. This court ceased to exist in 1904 and the recordation function was transferred to the circuit court.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe General Court was created in 1777. Prior to the creation of the District Courts in 1788, the General Court held appellate jurisdiction in common law cases. All of the records of the General Court were destroyed except for one pre-Revolutionary War order book, in April 1865.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe District Court was created in 1788. The purpose of the creation of the District Court was to alleviate congestion in the General Court which had caused unreasonable delays in the adjudication of common law cases. Virginia was divided into eighteen districts, each composed of several counties, plust the district of Kentucky. Courts were held in each district twice yearly and cases were heard from the several counties in that district. The District Court always met at the same place in each district, and its records were kept at that one location. The District Courts were abolished in 1808 and were replaced by the Superior Courts of Law.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe District Court for Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties met at Franklin County Courthouse from 1800 to 1808. The District Court prior to 1800 met at New London Courthouse in Bedford County.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Superior Court of Law was created in 1808. It met twice a year in each county, presided over by a circuit-riding General Court judge. Records were filed with the County Court. It had civil and criminal jurisdiction. The court ceased to exist in 1831.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Circuit Superior Courts of Law and Chancery, established in 1831, were the upper courts on the local level. Sessions were held twice a year in each county, presided over by a General Court judge. The counties were grouped into districts for the convenience of the judge. The court ceased to exist in 1851.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Circuit Court was authorized by the Constitution of 1851 and established by an act of the General Assembly passed in May 1852. Courts were held twice yearly in each county, presided over by 21 judges who rode circuits in the area of their jurisdiction. The records were filed with County Court records. These courts were granted original jurisdiction concurrrent with that of the County Courts, as well as appellate jurisdiction in all civil cases of more than fifty dollars and criminal cases not \"expressly cognizable in some other court,\" including those involving loss of life.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Franklin County was named for Benjamin Franklin and was formed from Bedford and Henry Counties in 1785. The county court first met on 2 January 1786. Part of Patrick County was added in 1848.\n","The County Court was the original colonial court of adjudication and recordation, and it was the principal tribunal for the administration of local justice. The individual justices could act on small claims matters as well as criminal matters where imminent bodily harm was a possibility, there being an appeal to the full County Court, which met monthly. This court ceased to exist in 1904 and the recordation function was transferred to the circuit court.\n","The General Court was created in 1777. Prior to the creation of the District Courts in 1788, the General Court held appellate jurisdiction in common law cases. All of the records of the General Court were destroyed except for one pre-Revolutionary War order book, in April 1865.\n","The District Court was created in 1788. The purpose of the creation of the District Court was to alleviate congestion in the General Court which had caused unreasonable delays in the adjudication of common law cases. Virginia was divided into eighteen districts, each composed of several counties, plust the district of Kentucky. Courts were held in each district twice yearly and cases were heard from the several counties in that district. The District Court always met at the same place in each district, and its records were kept at that one location. The District Courts were abolished in 1808 and were replaced by the Superior Courts of Law.\n","The District Court for Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties met at Franklin County Courthouse from 1800 to 1808. The District Court prior to 1800 met at New London Courthouse in Bedford County.\n","The Superior Court of Law was created in 1808. It met twice a year in each county, presided over by a circuit-riding General Court judge. Records were filed with the County Court. It had civil and criminal jurisdiction. The court ceased to exist in 1831.\n","The Circuit Superior Courts of Law and Chancery, established in 1831, were the upper courts on the local level. Sessions were held twice a year in each county, presided over by a General Court judge. The counties were grouped into districts for the convenience of the judge. The court ceased to exist in 1851.\n","The Circuit Court was authorized by the Constitution of 1851 and established by an act of the General Assembly passed in May 1852. Courts were held twice yearly in each county, presided over by 21 judges who rode circuits in the area of their jurisdiction. The records were filed with County Court records. These courts were granted original jurisdiction concurrrent with that of the County Courts, as well as appellate jurisdiction in all civil cases of more than fifty dollars and criminal cases not \"expressly cognizable in some other court,\" including those involving loss of life.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFranklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937. Local government records collection, Franklin County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937. Local government records collection, Franklin County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFranklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937, are judgments or civil suits that were heard in the County Court, District Court, Superior Court of Law, Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery, and Circuit Court in which justice was administered on the strictly formulated rules of common law. The majority of cases in this record series relate to matters of debt. Documents commonly found in civil suits include declarations or narratios that explain the plaintiff's complaint, executions, affidavits, and depositions. Suits may include exhibits such as wills, plats, deeds, indentures, estate inventories, and business records. The collection includes copies of decisions made by the Supreme Court of Appeals in Richmond, Virginia, in response to suits appealed to it from the various Franklin County courts. Most of the original documents of the Supreme Court of Appeals were destroyed by fire in 1865. Pre-1865 suits involve slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe District Court portion of the Determined Papers, 1789-1808, contain suits from Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties. It also includes suits from these localities that originally began in the General Court of Richmond and were transferred to the District Court of New London following its creation in 1788. The collection also includes suits heard in the District Court of New London which were transferred to Franklin County following the removal of the district Court to Franklin County Courthouse in 1800.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937, are judgments or civil suits that were heard in the County Court, District Court, Superior Court of Law, Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery, and Circuit Court in which justice was administered on the strictly formulated rules of common law. The majority of cases in this record series relate to matters of debt. Documents commonly found in civil suits include declarations or narratios that explain the plaintiff's complaint, executions, affidavits, and depositions. Suits may include exhibits such as wills, plats, deeds, indentures, estate inventories, and business records. The collection includes copies of decisions made by the Supreme Court of Appeals in Richmond, Virginia, in response to suits appealed to it from the various Franklin County courts. Most of the original documents of the Supreme Court of Appeals were destroyed by fire in 1865. Pre-1865 suits involve slaves.\n","The District Court portion of the Determined Papers, 1789-1808, contain suits from Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties. It also includes suits from these localities that originally began in the General Court of Richmond and were transferred to the District Court of New London following its creation in 1788. The collection also includes suits heard in the District Court of New London which were transferred to Franklin County following the removal of the district Court to Franklin County Courthouse in 1800.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUse microfilm copies, Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Use microfilm copies, Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court","Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery","Franklin County (Va.) County Court","Franklin County (Va.) District Court","Franklin County (Va.) Superior Court of Law","New London (Va.) District Court","Virginia. General Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals."],"corpname_ssim":["Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court","Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery","Franklin County (Va.) County Court","Franklin County (Va.) District Court","Franklin County (Va.) Superior Court of Law","New London (Va.) District Court","Virginia. General Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:50:25.981Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi03106","ead_ssi":"vi_vi03106","_root_":"vi_vi03106","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi03106","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi03106.xml","title_ssm":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937"],"title_tesim":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Barcode numbers 1116855-1116856, 1116858-1117036, 1117038, 1180896/Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221\n"],"text":["Barcode numbers 1116855-1116856, 1116858-1117036, 1117038, 1180896/Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221\n","Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937","African Americans -- History","Civil procedure -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Courts -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Debt -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Public records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Affidavits -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Decisions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Depositions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Plats -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Wills -- Virginia -- Franklin County","82.35 cu. ft. (183 boxes); 128 microfilm reels","There are no restrictions.\n","Franklin County was named for Benjamin Franklin and was formed from Bedford and Henry Counties in 1785. The county court first met on 2 January 1786. Part of Patrick County was added in 1848.\n","The County Court was the original colonial court of adjudication and recordation, and it was the principal tribunal for the administration of local justice. The individual justices could act on small claims matters as well as criminal matters where imminent bodily harm was a possibility, there being an appeal to the full County Court, which met monthly. This court ceased to exist in 1904 and the recordation function was transferred to the circuit court.\n","The General Court was created in 1777. Prior to the creation of the District Courts in 1788, the General Court held appellate jurisdiction in common law cases. All of the records of the General Court were destroyed except for one pre-Revolutionary War order book, in April 1865.\n","The District Court was created in 1788. The purpose of the creation of the District Court was to alleviate congestion in the General Court which had caused unreasonable delays in the adjudication of common law cases. Virginia was divided into eighteen districts, each composed of several counties, plust the district of Kentucky. Courts were held in each district twice yearly and cases were heard from the several counties in that district. The District Court always met at the same place in each district, and its records were kept at that one location. The District Courts were abolished in 1808 and were replaced by the Superior Courts of Law.\n","The District Court for Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties met at Franklin County Courthouse from 1800 to 1808. The District Court prior to 1800 met at New London Courthouse in Bedford County.\n","The Superior Court of Law was created in 1808. It met twice a year in each county, presided over by a circuit-riding General Court judge. Records were filed with the County Court. It had civil and criminal jurisdiction. The court ceased to exist in 1831.\n","The Circuit Superior Courts of Law and Chancery, established in 1831, were the upper courts on the local level. Sessions were held twice a year in each county, presided over by a General Court judge. The counties were grouped into districts for the convenience of the judge. The court ceased to exist in 1851.\n","The Circuit Court was authorized by the Constitution of 1851 and established by an act of the General Assembly passed in May 1852. Courts were held twice yearly in each county, presided over by 21 judges who rode circuits in the area of their jurisdiction. The records were filed with County Court records. These courts were granted original jurisdiction concurrrent with that of the County Courts, as well as appellate jurisdiction in all civil cases of more than fifty dollars and criminal cases not \"expressly cognizable in some other court,\" including those involving loss of life.\n","Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937, are judgments or civil suits that were heard in the County Court, District Court, Superior Court of Law, Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery, and Circuit Court in which justice was administered on the strictly formulated rules of common law. The majority of cases in this record series relate to matters of debt. Documents commonly found in civil suits include declarations or narratios that explain the plaintiff's complaint, executions, affidavits, and depositions. Suits may include exhibits such as wills, plats, deeds, indentures, estate inventories, and business records. The collection includes copies of decisions made by the Supreme Court of Appeals in Richmond, Virginia, in response to suits appealed to it from the various Franklin County courts. Most of the original documents of the Supreme Court of Appeals were destroyed by fire in 1865. Pre-1865 suits involve slaves.\n","The District Court portion of the Determined Papers, 1789-1808, contain suits from Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties. It also includes suits from these localities that originally began in the General Court of Richmond and were transferred to the District Court of New London following its creation in 1788. The collection also includes suits heard in the District Court of New London which were transferred to Franklin County following the removal of the district Court to Franklin County Courthouse in 1800.\n","Use microfilm copies, Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court","Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery","Franklin County (Va.) County Court","Franklin County (Va.) District Court","Franklin County (Va.) Superior Court of Law","New London (Va.) District Court","Virginia. General Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["Barcode numbers 1116855-1116856, 1116858-1117036, 1117038, 1180896/Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937"],"collection_title_tesim":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937"],"collection_ssim":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, \n1789-1937"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from Franklin County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Civil procedure -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Courts -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Debt -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Public records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Affidavits -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Decisions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Depositions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Plats -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Wills -- Virginia -- Franklin County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Civil procedure -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Courts -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Debt -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Public records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Affidavits -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Decisions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Depositions -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Plats -- Virginia -- Franklin County","Wills -- Virginia -- Franklin County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["82.35 cu. ft. (183 boxes); 128 microfilm reels"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFranklin County was named for Benjamin Franklin and was formed from Bedford and Henry Counties in 1785. The county court first met on 2 January 1786. Part of Patrick County was added in 1848.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe County Court was the original colonial court of adjudication and recordation, and it was the principal tribunal for the administration of local justice. The individual justices could act on small claims matters as well as criminal matters where imminent bodily harm was a possibility, there being an appeal to the full County Court, which met monthly. This court ceased to exist in 1904 and the recordation function was transferred to the circuit court.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe General Court was created in 1777. Prior to the creation of the District Courts in 1788, the General Court held appellate jurisdiction in common law cases. All of the records of the General Court were destroyed except for one pre-Revolutionary War order book, in April 1865.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe District Court was created in 1788. The purpose of the creation of the District Court was to alleviate congestion in the General Court which had caused unreasonable delays in the adjudication of common law cases. Virginia was divided into eighteen districts, each composed of several counties, plust the district of Kentucky. Courts were held in each district twice yearly and cases were heard from the several counties in that district. The District Court always met at the same place in each district, and its records were kept at that one location. The District Courts were abolished in 1808 and were replaced by the Superior Courts of Law.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe District Court for Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties met at Franklin County Courthouse from 1800 to 1808. The District Court prior to 1800 met at New London Courthouse in Bedford County.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Superior Court of Law was created in 1808. It met twice a year in each county, presided over by a circuit-riding General Court judge. Records were filed with the County Court. It had civil and criminal jurisdiction. The court ceased to exist in 1831.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Circuit Superior Courts of Law and Chancery, established in 1831, were the upper courts on the local level. Sessions were held twice a year in each county, presided over by a General Court judge. The counties were grouped into districts for the convenience of the judge. The court ceased to exist in 1851.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Circuit Court was authorized by the Constitution of 1851 and established by an act of the General Assembly passed in May 1852. Courts were held twice yearly in each county, presided over by 21 judges who rode circuits in the area of their jurisdiction. The records were filed with County Court records. These courts were granted original jurisdiction concurrrent with that of the County Courts, as well as appellate jurisdiction in all civil cases of more than fifty dollars and criminal cases not \"expressly cognizable in some other court,\" including those involving loss of life.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Franklin County was named for Benjamin Franklin and was formed from Bedford and Henry Counties in 1785. The county court first met on 2 January 1786. Part of Patrick County was added in 1848.\n","The County Court was the original colonial court of adjudication and recordation, and it was the principal tribunal for the administration of local justice. The individual justices could act on small claims matters as well as criminal matters where imminent bodily harm was a possibility, there being an appeal to the full County Court, which met monthly. This court ceased to exist in 1904 and the recordation function was transferred to the circuit court.\n","The General Court was created in 1777. Prior to the creation of the District Courts in 1788, the General Court held appellate jurisdiction in common law cases. All of the records of the General Court were destroyed except for one pre-Revolutionary War order book, in April 1865.\n","The District Court was created in 1788. The purpose of the creation of the District Court was to alleviate congestion in the General Court which had caused unreasonable delays in the adjudication of common law cases. Virginia was divided into eighteen districts, each composed of several counties, plust the district of Kentucky. Courts were held in each district twice yearly and cases were heard from the several counties in that district. The District Court always met at the same place in each district, and its records were kept at that one location. The District Courts were abolished in 1808 and were replaced by the Superior Courts of Law.\n","The District Court for Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties met at Franklin County Courthouse from 1800 to 1808. The District Court prior to 1800 met at New London Courthouse in Bedford County.\n","The Superior Court of Law was created in 1808. It met twice a year in each county, presided over by a circuit-riding General Court judge. Records were filed with the County Court. It had civil and criminal jurisdiction. The court ceased to exist in 1831.\n","The Circuit Superior Courts of Law and Chancery, established in 1831, were the upper courts on the local level. Sessions were held twice a year in each county, presided over by a General Court judge. The counties were grouped into districts for the convenience of the judge. The court ceased to exist in 1851.\n","The Circuit Court was authorized by the Constitution of 1851 and established by an act of the General Assembly passed in May 1852. Courts were held twice yearly in each county, presided over by 21 judges who rode circuits in the area of their jurisdiction. The records were filed with County Court records. These courts were granted original jurisdiction concurrrent with that of the County Courts, as well as appellate jurisdiction in all civil cases of more than fifty dollars and criminal cases not \"expressly cognizable in some other court,\" including those involving loss of life.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFranklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937. Local government records collection, Franklin County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937. Local government records collection, Franklin County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFranklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937, are judgments or civil suits that were heard in the County Court, District Court, Superior Court of Law, Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery, and Circuit Court in which justice was administered on the strictly formulated rules of common law. The majority of cases in this record series relate to matters of debt. Documents commonly found in civil suits include declarations or narratios that explain the plaintiff's complaint, executions, affidavits, and depositions. Suits may include exhibits such as wills, plats, deeds, indentures, estate inventories, and business records. The collection includes copies of decisions made by the Supreme Court of Appeals in Richmond, Virginia, in response to suits appealed to it from the various Franklin County courts. Most of the original documents of the Supreme Court of Appeals were destroyed by fire in 1865. Pre-1865 suits involve slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe District Court portion of the Determined Papers, 1789-1808, contain suits from Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties. It also includes suits from these localities that originally began in the General Court of Richmond and were transferred to the District Court of New London following its creation in 1788. The collection also includes suits heard in the District Court of New London which were transferred to Franklin County following the removal of the district Court to Franklin County Courthouse in 1800.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Franklin County (Va.) Determined Papers, 1789-1937, are judgments or civil suits that were heard in the County Court, District Court, Superior Court of Law, Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery, and Circuit Court in which justice was administered on the strictly formulated rules of common law. The majority of cases in this record series relate to matters of debt. Documents commonly found in civil suits include declarations or narratios that explain the plaintiff's complaint, executions, affidavits, and depositions. Suits may include exhibits such as wills, plats, deeds, indentures, estate inventories, and business records. The collection includes copies of decisions made by the Supreme Court of Appeals in Richmond, Virginia, in response to suits appealed to it from the various Franklin County courts. Most of the original documents of the Supreme Court of Appeals were destroyed by fire in 1865. Pre-1865 suits involve slaves.\n","The District Court portion of the Determined Papers, 1789-1808, contain suits from Bedford, Campbell, Franklin, Pittsylvania, and Henry counties. It also includes suits from these localities that originally began in the General Court of Richmond and were transferred to the District Court of New London following its creation in 1788. The collection also includes suits heard in the District Court of New London which were transferred to Franklin County following the removal of the district Court to Franklin County Courthouse in 1800.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUse microfilm copies, Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Use microfilm copies, Franklin County (Va.) Reel numbers 94-221.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court","Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery","Franklin County (Va.) County Court","Franklin County (Va.) District Court","Franklin County (Va.) Superior Court of Law","New London (Va.) District Court","Virginia. General Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals."],"corpname_ssim":["Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Court","Franklin County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery","Franklin County (Va.) County Court","Franklin County (Va.) District Court","Franklin County (Va.) Superior Court of Law","New London (Va.) District Court","Virginia. General Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court of Appeals."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:50:25.981Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03106"}},{"id":"vil_vil00021","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00021#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Compton, Asbury Christian, 1974-2006\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00021#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eChiefly case files from Compton's tenure as a justice (1974-2000)and a senior justice (2000-2006) on the Supreme Court of Virginia. Also contains files, mainly memos and correspondence, documenting Compton's administrative work for the court overseeing building issues, 1974-1999; the Virginia State Law Library and efforts to establish a Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Society, 1982-2002 (bulk 1996-2002), foreign attorney applications, 1974-1986, and information about U.S. Supreme Court rulings on reciprocity and bar admissions; corrections to Virginia and Southeast Reports, 1977-1982; and a House of Delegates Sub-Committee Study of Appellate Review of Civil Cases (HJR 329), 1989-1990. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00021#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vil_vil00021","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00021","_root_":"vil_vil00021","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00021","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00021.xml","title_ssm":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006"],"title_tesim":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00028264\n"],"text":["00028264\n","Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006","Brain death.","Judicial opinions--Virginia.","Judges--Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Building plans -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia.","46.0 cu. ft.","Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2026.\n","A. Christian Compton was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia September 1, 1974, by Governor Mills E. Godwin. He was reelected to the court February 1, 1987, and February 1, 1999, and served as a senior justice from 2000 until his death in 2006. He presided over a case that defined \"death\" as brain death.\n","Chiefly case files from Compton's tenure as a justice (1974-2000)and a senior justice (2000-2006) on the Supreme Court of Virginia. Also contains files, mainly memos and correspondence, documenting Compton's administrative work for the court overseeing building issues, 1974-1999; the Virginia State Law Library and efforts to establish a Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Society, 1982-2002 (bulk 1996-2002), foreign attorney applications, 1974-1986, and information about U.S. Supreme Court rulings on reciprocity and bar admissions; corrections to Virginia and Southeast Reports, 1977-1982; and a House of Delegates Sub-Committee Study of Appellate Review of Civil Cases (HJR 329), 1989-1990.\n","The papers also contain files on the Virginia Bar Association Appellate Capacity Project, 1987-1989; minutes of the Virginia Bar Association Judicial Section, 1996-2000; canons on judicial ethics, (correspondence and clippings pertaining to changes in laws about membership in private organizations practicing discrimination), 1989-1991; and a copy of a master plan for the Office of the Executive Secretary, 1974. Correspondence with clerks includes a copy of Compton's response to a national survey, 1982, about hiring practices for law clerks, and Supreme Court of Virginia guidelines for clerks, as well as Compton's particular guidelines for his clerks.\n","Additional records (approximately 6.0 c. ft. of published opinions, articles, and newspaper clippings about opinions, orders from the Clerk's office, letters and exhibits from case files) were separated by order of the Supreme Court of Virginia in 2007.  These materials, with the exception of the published opinions, were transferred to the Washington and Lee University Law Library in September 2011. \n","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Compton, Asbury Christian, 1929-2006.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00028264\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Compton, Asbury Christian, 1974-2006\n"],"creator_ssim":["Compton, Asbury Christian, 1974-2006\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were transferred to the Virginia State Law Library from Justice Compton's chambers in 2006.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Brain death.","Judicial opinions--Virginia.","Judges--Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Building plans -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Brain death.","Judicial opinions--Virginia.","Judges--Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Building plans -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["46.0 cu. ft."],"genreform_ssim":["Judicial records -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Building plans -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2026.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2026.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA. Christian Compton was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia September 1, 1974, by Governor Mills E. Godwin. He was reelected to the court February 1, 1987, and February 1, 1999, and served as a senior justice from 2000 until his death in 2006. He presided over a case that defined \"death\" as brain death.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["A. Christian Compton was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia September 1, 1974, by Governor Mills E. Godwin. He was reelected to the court February 1, 1987, and February 1, 1999, and served as a senior justice from 2000 until his death in 2006. He presided over a case that defined \"death\" as brain death.\n"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox and folder list available at repository.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid\n"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Box and folder list available at repository.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJustice A. Christian Compton Papers, 1974-2006, Accession #00028264, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.  \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers, 1974-2006, Accession #00028264, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.  \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChiefly case files from Compton's tenure as a justice (1974-2000)and a senior justice (2000-2006) on the Supreme Court of Virginia. Also contains files, mainly memos and correspondence, documenting Compton's administrative work for the court overseeing building issues, 1974-1999; the Virginia State Law Library and efforts to establish a Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Society, 1982-2002 (bulk 1996-2002), foreign attorney applications, 1974-1986, and information about U.S. Supreme Court rulings on reciprocity and bar admissions; corrections to Virginia and Southeast Reports, 1977-1982; and a House of Delegates Sub-Committee Study of Appellate Review of Civil Cases (HJR 329), 1989-1990.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers also contain files on the Virginia Bar Association Appellate Capacity Project, 1987-1989; minutes of the Virginia Bar Association Judicial Section, 1996-2000; canons on judicial ethics, (correspondence and clippings pertaining to changes in laws about membership in private organizations practicing discrimination), 1989-1991; and a copy of a master plan for the Office of the Executive Secretary, 1974. Correspondence with clerks includes a copy of Compton's response to a national survey, 1982, about hiring practices for law clerks, and Supreme Court of Virginia guidelines for clerks, as well as Compton's particular guidelines for his clerks.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Chiefly case files from Compton's tenure as a justice (1974-2000)and a senior justice (2000-2006) on the Supreme Court of Virginia. Also contains files, mainly memos and correspondence, documenting Compton's administrative work for the court overseeing building issues, 1974-1999; the Virginia State Law Library and efforts to establish a Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Society, 1982-2002 (bulk 1996-2002), foreign attorney applications, 1974-1986, and information about U.S. Supreme Court rulings on reciprocity and bar admissions; corrections to Virginia and Southeast Reports, 1977-1982; and a House of Delegates Sub-Committee Study of Appellate Review of Civil Cases (HJR 329), 1989-1990.\n","The papers also contain files on the Virginia Bar Association Appellate Capacity Project, 1987-1989; minutes of the Virginia Bar Association Judicial Section, 1996-2000; canons on judicial ethics, (correspondence and clippings pertaining to changes in laws about membership in private organizations practicing discrimination), 1989-1991; and a copy of a master plan for the Office of the Executive Secretary, 1974. Correspondence with clerks includes a copy of Compton's response to a national survey, 1982, about hiring practices for law clerks, and Supreme Court of Virginia guidelines for clerks, as well as Compton's particular guidelines for his clerks.\n"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional records (approximately 6.0 c. ft. of published opinions, articles, and newspaper clippings about opinions, orders from the Clerk's office, letters and exhibits from case files) were separated by order of the Supreme Court of Virginia in 2007.  These materials, with the exception of the published opinions, were transferred to the Washington and Lee University Law Library in September 2011. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material\n"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional records (approximately 6.0 c. ft. of published opinions, articles, and newspaper clippings about opinions, orders from the Clerk's office, letters and exhibits from case files) were separated by order of the Supreme Court of Virginia in 2007.  These materials, with the exception of the published opinions, were transferred to the Washington and Lee University Law Library in September 2011. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court.","Compton, Asbury Christian, 1929-2006."],"names_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court.","Compton, Asbury Christian, 1929-2006."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court."],"persname_ssim":["Compton, Asbury Christian, 1929-2006."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:06:01.957Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00021","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00021","_root_":"vil_vil00021","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00021","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00021.xml","title_ssm":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006"],"title_tesim":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00028264\n"],"text":["00028264\n","Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006","Brain death.","Judicial opinions--Virginia.","Judges--Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Building plans -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia.","46.0 cu. ft.","Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2026.\n","A. Christian Compton was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia September 1, 1974, by Governor Mills E. Godwin. He was reelected to the court February 1, 1987, and February 1, 1999, and served as a senior justice from 2000 until his death in 2006. He presided over a case that defined \"death\" as brain death.\n","Chiefly case files from Compton's tenure as a justice (1974-2000)and a senior justice (2000-2006) on the Supreme Court of Virginia. Also contains files, mainly memos and correspondence, documenting Compton's administrative work for the court overseeing building issues, 1974-1999; the Virginia State Law Library and efforts to establish a Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Society, 1982-2002 (bulk 1996-2002), foreign attorney applications, 1974-1986, and information about U.S. Supreme Court rulings on reciprocity and bar admissions; corrections to Virginia and Southeast Reports, 1977-1982; and a House of Delegates Sub-Committee Study of Appellate Review of Civil Cases (HJR 329), 1989-1990.\n","The papers also contain files on the Virginia Bar Association Appellate Capacity Project, 1987-1989; minutes of the Virginia Bar Association Judicial Section, 1996-2000; canons on judicial ethics, (correspondence and clippings pertaining to changes in laws about membership in private organizations practicing discrimination), 1989-1991; and a copy of a master plan for the Office of the Executive Secretary, 1974. Correspondence with clerks includes a copy of Compton's response to a national survey, 1982, about hiring practices for law clerks, and Supreme Court of Virginia guidelines for clerks, as well as Compton's particular guidelines for his clerks.\n","Additional records (approximately 6.0 c. ft. of published opinions, articles, and newspaper clippings about opinions, orders from the Clerk's office, letters and exhibits from case files) were separated by order of the Supreme Court of Virginia in 2007.  These materials, with the exception of the published opinions, were transferred to the Washington and Lee University Law Library in September 2011. \n","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Compton, Asbury Christian, 1929-2006.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00028264\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006"],"collection_title_tesim":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006"],"collection_ssim":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers,\n1974-2006"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Compton, Asbury Christian, 1974-2006\n"],"creator_ssim":["Compton, Asbury Christian, 1974-2006\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were transferred to the Virginia State Law Library from Justice Compton's chambers in 2006.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Brain death.","Judicial opinions--Virginia.","Judges--Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Building plans -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Brain death.","Judicial opinions--Virginia.","Judges--Virginia.","Lawyers -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Building plans -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["46.0 cu. ft."],"genreform_ssim":["Judicial records -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Building plans -- Virginia.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia.","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Minutes -- Virginia."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2026.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2026.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA. Christian Compton was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia September 1, 1974, by Governor Mills E. Godwin. He was reelected to the court February 1, 1987, and February 1, 1999, and served as a senior justice from 2000 until his death in 2006. He presided over a case that defined \"death\" as brain death.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["A. Christian Compton was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia September 1, 1974, by Governor Mills E. Godwin. He was reelected to the court February 1, 1987, and February 1, 1999, and served as a senior justice from 2000 until his death in 2006. He presided over a case that defined \"death\" as brain death.\n"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox and folder list available at repository.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid\n"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Box and folder list available at repository.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJustice A. Christian Compton Papers, 1974-2006, Accession #00028264, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.  \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Justice A. Christian Compton Papers, 1974-2006, Accession #00028264, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.  \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChiefly case files from Compton's tenure as a justice (1974-2000)and a senior justice (2000-2006) on the Supreme Court of Virginia. Also contains files, mainly memos and correspondence, documenting Compton's administrative work for the court overseeing building issues, 1974-1999; the Virginia State Law Library and efforts to establish a Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Society, 1982-2002 (bulk 1996-2002), foreign attorney applications, 1974-1986, and information about U.S. Supreme Court rulings on reciprocity and bar admissions; corrections to Virginia and Southeast Reports, 1977-1982; and a House of Delegates Sub-Committee Study of Appellate Review of Civil Cases (HJR 329), 1989-1990.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers also contain files on the Virginia Bar Association Appellate Capacity Project, 1987-1989; minutes of the Virginia Bar Association Judicial Section, 1996-2000; canons on judicial ethics, (correspondence and clippings pertaining to changes in laws about membership in private organizations practicing discrimination), 1989-1991; and a copy of a master plan for the Office of the Executive Secretary, 1974. Correspondence with clerks includes a copy of Compton's response to a national survey, 1982, about hiring practices for law clerks, and Supreme Court of Virginia guidelines for clerks, as well as Compton's particular guidelines for his clerks.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Chiefly case files from Compton's tenure as a justice (1974-2000)and a senior justice (2000-2006) on the Supreme Court of Virginia. Also contains files, mainly memos and correspondence, documenting Compton's administrative work for the court overseeing building issues, 1974-1999; the Virginia State Law Library and efforts to establish a Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Society, 1982-2002 (bulk 1996-2002), foreign attorney applications, 1974-1986, and information about U.S. Supreme Court rulings on reciprocity and bar admissions; corrections to Virginia and Southeast Reports, 1977-1982; and a House of Delegates Sub-Committee Study of Appellate Review of Civil Cases (HJR 329), 1989-1990.\n","The papers also contain files on the Virginia Bar Association Appellate Capacity Project, 1987-1989; minutes of the Virginia Bar Association Judicial Section, 1996-2000; canons on judicial ethics, (correspondence and clippings pertaining to changes in laws about membership in private organizations practicing discrimination), 1989-1991; and a copy of a master plan for the Office of the Executive Secretary, 1974. Correspondence with clerks includes a copy of Compton's response to a national survey, 1982, about hiring practices for law clerks, and Supreme Court of Virginia guidelines for clerks, as well as Compton's particular guidelines for his clerks.\n"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional records (approximately 6.0 c. ft. of published opinions, articles, and newspaper clippings about opinions, orders from the Clerk's office, letters and exhibits from case files) were separated by order of the Supreme Court of Virginia in 2007.  These materials, with the exception of the published opinions, were transferred to the Washington and Lee University Law Library in September 2011. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material\n"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional records (approximately 6.0 c. ft. of published opinions, articles, and newspaper clippings about opinions, orders from the Clerk's office, letters and exhibits from case files) were separated by order of the Supreme Court of Virginia in 2007.  These materials, with the exception of the published opinions, were transferred to the Washington and Lee University Law Library in September 2011. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court.","Compton, Asbury Christian, 1929-2006."],"names_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court.","Compton, Asbury Christian, 1929-2006."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court."],"persname_ssim":["Compton, Asbury Christian, 1929-2006."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:06:01.957Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00021"}},{"id":"vil_vil00020","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00020#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00020#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Justice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011,are chiefly case files from Poff's tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia (1972-1988). The collection also contains Justice Poff's correspondence, 1973-2002, and speeches, 1973-1988.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00020#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vil_vil00020","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00020","_root_":"vil_vil00020","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00020","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00020.xml","title_ssm":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011"],"title_tesim":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["000028278\n"],"text":["000028278\n","Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011","Congressmen -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Criminal procedure -- United States.","Judges -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Audiocassettes.","Black-and-white photographs.","Clippings (information artifacts).","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Sermons -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia.","37.0 cu. ft. (82 boxes)","Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until July 1, 2031.  \n","Richard Harding Poff was born in Radford, Virginia, October 19, 1923. His father was a railroad man. He grew up in Christiansburg and attended Roanoke College in 1942 and 1943 before joining the Army Air Corps. Poff was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for flying 35 missions as a bomber pilot in Europe during World War II. In 1948, Poff received his law degree from the University of Virginia.","In 1952, Poff was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives representing the Sixth Congressional District of Virginia. He served for ten consecutive terms and was the ranking Republican on the House Judiciary Committee during the Nixon administration. When U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black died in September 1971, Poff was widely viewed as President Nixon's first choice to replace Black.  His nomination drew opposition from liberals because of his opposition to school desegregation in 1956, and he took his name out of consideration for personal reasons. In 1972, Poff was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia by Governor Linwood Holton and became the first Republican to serve on the Court in the twentieth century. Poff retired from the Court in 1988 and served as Senior Justice from 1989 to 2002.","Box and folder list available.\n","Papers of Richard Harding Poff, 1935-1972, Accession #9815, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va./ Guide available in reading room and on microfilm #770.\n","The Justice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011,are chiefly case files from Poff's tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia (1972-1988). The collection also contains Justice Poff's correspondence, 1973-2002, and speeches, 1973-1988.","Case files contain briefs, notes, opinions, draft opinions, research notes, news clippings pertaining to the case, and some correspondence. The case file for Carolina Coach Co. v. Commonwealth of Virginia, 1974, contains an audio-cassette recording of oral arguments in the case.","Correspondence, 1973-2002, pertains primarily to Poff's professional life as a justice, but also includes correspondence with people he knew from his work on the Judiciary Committee, particularly his work on President Richard Nixon's anti-crime initiative, the Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws. Notable correspondents from his congressional career are Mary Burruss, his former congressional administrative aide; Grasty Crews II, General Counsel, House Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs; and Robert M. Morgenthau, New York County District Attorney.  This series also contains a small amount of correspondence with other sitting Supreme Court of Virginia justices, Virginia political figures, with U.S. Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist, Mississippi Senator Trent Lott, Michigan Supreme Court Judge Robert P Griffin, and Theodore Voorhees, then a dean at the Catholic University Law School.","This series also includes correspondence with law clerks, applications for clerkships, letters about administration of the Virginia State Law Library, and bail reform, and personal correspondence with friends and family in Southwest Virginia, including newspaper clippings about his dissenting opinions. In a personal letter, Justice Poff compares being a judge favorably to being a congressman.  Also included is a letter, 1987, from defense attorneys asking the Supreme Court of Virginia to consider changing its method of compensating counsel for indigents in capital murder cases.","The correspondence includes photographs of Congressman Poff with Governor Dalton and with his wife and children on the steps of the U.S. capitol, 1970, circa and with U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, Jr., 1975, circa, as well as a copy of a photograph of Justice Poff with his class at Cave Spring Elementary School in Roanoke, 1930, circa.","Speeches, 1961 and 1974-1988, are Justice Poff's public speeches and three folders of the speeches and sermons of others, 1961-1987.  This series also contains copies of programs from Justice Poff's memorial service in 2011.","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.","United States. National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. State Law Library.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["000028278\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011"],"collection_title_tesim":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011"],"collection_ssim":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011\n"],"creator_ssim":["Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were transferred to the Virginia State Law Library in 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Congressmen -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Criminal procedure -- United States.","Judges -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Audiocassettes.","Black-and-white photographs.","Clippings (information artifacts).","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Sermons -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Congressmen -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Criminal procedure -- United States.","Judges -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Audiocassettes.","Black-and-white photographs.","Clippings (information artifacts).","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Sermons -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["37.0 cu. ft. (82 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until July 1, 2031.  \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until July 1, 2031.  \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Harding Poff was born in Radford, Virginia, October 19, 1923. His father was a railroad man. He grew up in Christiansburg and attended Roanoke College in 1942 and 1943 before joining the Army Air Corps. Poff was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for flying 35 missions as a bomber pilot in Europe during World War II. In 1948, Poff received his law degree from the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1952, Poff was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives representing the Sixth Congressional District of Virginia. He served for ten consecutive terms and was the ranking Republican on the House Judiciary Committee during the Nixon administration. When U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black died in September 1971, Poff was widely viewed as President Nixon's first choice to replace Black.  His nomination drew opposition from liberals because of his opposition to school desegregation in 1956, and he took his name out of consideration for personal reasons. In 1972, Poff was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia by Governor Linwood Holton and became the first Republican to serve on the Court in the twentieth century. Poff retired from the Court in 1988 and served as Senior Justice from 1989 to 2002.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Harding Poff was born in Radford, Virginia, October 19, 1923. His father was a railroad man. He grew up in Christiansburg and attended Roanoke College in 1942 and 1943 before joining the Army Air Corps. Poff was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for flying 35 missions as a bomber pilot in Europe during World War II. In 1948, Poff received his law degree from the University of Virginia.","In 1952, Poff was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives representing the Sixth Congressional District of Virginia. He served for ten consecutive terms and was the ranking Republican on the House Judiciary Committee during the Nixon administration. When U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black died in September 1971, Poff was widely viewed as President Nixon's first choice to replace Black.  His nomination drew opposition from liberals because of his opposition to school desegregation in 1956, and he took his name out of consideration for personal reasons. In 1972, Poff was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia by Governor Linwood Holton and became the first Republican to serve on the Court in the twentieth century. Poff retired from the Court in 1988 and served as Senior Justice from 1989 to 2002."],"fileplan_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox and folder list available.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"fileplan_heading_ssm":["File Plan\n"],"fileplan_tesim":["Box and folder list available.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJustice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011, Accession #00028278, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011, Accession #00028278, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Richard Harding Poff, 1935-1972, Accession #9815, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va./ Guide available in reading room and on microfilm #770.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Papers of Richard Harding Poff, 1935-1972, Accession #9815, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va./ Guide available in reading room and on microfilm #770.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Justice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011,are chiefly case files from Poff's tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia (1972-1988). The collection also contains Justice Poff's correspondence, 1973-2002, and speeches, 1973-1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCase files contain briefs, notes, opinions, draft opinions, research notes, news clippings pertaining to the case, and some correspondence. The case file for Carolina Coach Co. v. Commonwealth of Virginia, 1974, contains an audio-cassette recording of oral arguments in the case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1973-2002, pertains primarily to Poff's professional life as a justice, but also includes correspondence with people he knew from his work on the Judiciary Committee, particularly his work on President Richard Nixon's anti-crime initiative, the Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws. Notable correspondents from his congressional career are Mary Burruss, his former congressional administrative aide; Grasty Crews II, General Counsel, House Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs; and Robert M. Morgenthau, New York County District Attorney.  This series also contains a small amount of correspondence with other sitting Supreme Court of Virginia justices, Virginia political figures, with U.S. Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist, Mississippi Senator Trent Lott, Michigan Supreme Court Judge Robert P Griffin, and Theodore Voorhees, then a dean at the Catholic University Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series also includes correspondence with law clerks, applications for clerkships, letters about administration of the Virginia State Law Library, and bail reform, and personal correspondence with friends and family in Southwest Virginia, including newspaper clippings about his dissenting opinions. In a personal letter, Justice Poff compares being a judge favorably to being a congressman.  Also included is a letter, 1987, from defense attorneys asking the Supreme Court of Virginia to consider changing its method of compensating counsel for indigents in capital murder cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence includes photographs of Congressman Poff with Governor Dalton and with his wife and children on the steps of the U.S. capitol, 1970, circa and with U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, Jr., 1975, circa, as well as a copy of a photograph of Justice Poff with his class at Cave Spring Elementary School in Roanoke, 1930, circa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches, 1961 and 1974-1988, are Justice Poff's public speeches and three folders of the speeches and sermons of others, 1961-1987.  This series also contains copies of programs from Justice Poff's memorial service in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Justice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011,are chiefly case files from Poff's tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia (1972-1988). The collection also contains Justice Poff's correspondence, 1973-2002, and speeches, 1973-1988.","Case files contain briefs, notes, opinions, draft opinions, research notes, news clippings pertaining to the case, and some correspondence. The case file for Carolina Coach Co. v. Commonwealth of Virginia, 1974, contains an audio-cassette recording of oral arguments in the case.","Correspondence, 1973-2002, pertains primarily to Poff's professional life as a justice, but also includes correspondence with people he knew from his work on the Judiciary Committee, particularly his work on President Richard Nixon's anti-crime initiative, the Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws. Notable correspondents from his congressional career are Mary Burruss, his former congressional administrative aide; Grasty Crews II, General Counsel, House Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs; and Robert M. Morgenthau, New York County District Attorney.  This series also contains a small amount of correspondence with other sitting Supreme Court of Virginia justices, Virginia political figures, with U.S. Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist, Mississippi Senator Trent Lott, Michigan Supreme Court Judge Robert P Griffin, and Theodore Voorhees, then a dean at the Catholic University Law School.","This series also includes correspondence with law clerks, applications for clerkships, letters about administration of the Virginia State Law Library, and bail reform, and personal correspondence with friends and family in Southwest Virginia, including newspaper clippings about his dissenting opinions. In a personal letter, Justice Poff compares being a judge favorably to being a congressman.  Also included is a letter, 1987, from defense attorneys asking the Supreme Court of Virginia to consider changing its method of compensating counsel for indigents in capital murder cases.","The correspondence includes photographs of Congressman Poff with Governor Dalton and with his wife and children on the steps of the U.S. capitol, 1970, circa and with U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, Jr., 1975, circa, as well as a copy of a photograph of Justice Poff with his class at Cave Spring Elementary School in Roanoke, 1930, circa.","Speeches, 1961 and 1974-1988, are Justice Poff's public speeches and three folders of the speeches and sermons of others, 1961-1987.  This series also contains copies of programs from Justice Poff's memorial service in 2011."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection."],"names_ssim":["United States. National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. State Law Library.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011."],"corpname_ssim":["United States. National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. State Law Library."],"persname_ssim":["Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:05:57.785Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00020","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00020","_root_":"vil_vil00020","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00020","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00020.xml","title_ssm":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011"],"title_tesim":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["000028278\n"],"text":["000028278\n","Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011","Congressmen -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Criminal procedure -- United States.","Judges -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Audiocassettes.","Black-and-white photographs.","Clippings (information artifacts).","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Sermons -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia.","37.0 cu. ft. (82 boxes)","Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until July 1, 2031.  \n","Richard Harding Poff was born in Radford, Virginia, October 19, 1923. His father was a railroad man. He grew up in Christiansburg and attended Roanoke College in 1942 and 1943 before joining the Army Air Corps. Poff was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for flying 35 missions as a bomber pilot in Europe during World War II. In 1948, Poff received his law degree from the University of Virginia.","In 1952, Poff was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives representing the Sixth Congressional District of Virginia. He served for ten consecutive terms and was the ranking Republican on the House Judiciary Committee during the Nixon administration. When U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black died in September 1971, Poff was widely viewed as President Nixon's first choice to replace Black.  His nomination drew opposition from liberals because of his opposition to school desegregation in 1956, and he took his name out of consideration for personal reasons. In 1972, Poff was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia by Governor Linwood Holton and became the first Republican to serve on the Court in the twentieth century. Poff retired from the Court in 1988 and served as Senior Justice from 1989 to 2002.","Box and folder list available.\n","Papers of Richard Harding Poff, 1935-1972, Accession #9815, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va./ Guide available in reading room and on microfilm #770.\n","The Justice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011,are chiefly case files from Poff's tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia (1972-1988). The collection also contains Justice Poff's correspondence, 1973-2002, and speeches, 1973-1988.","Case files contain briefs, notes, opinions, draft opinions, research notes, news clippings pertaining to the case, and some correspondence. The case file for Carolina Coach Co. v. Commonwealth of Virginia, 1974, contains an audio-cassette recording of oral arguments in the case.","Correspondence, 1973-2002, pertains primarily to Poff's professional life as a justice, but also includes correspondence with people he knew from his work on the Judiciary Committee, particularly his work on President Richard Nixon's anti-crime initiative, the Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws. Notable correspondents from his congressional career are Mary Burruss, his former congressional administrative aide; Grasty Crews II, General Counsel, House Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs; and Robert M. Morgenthau, New York County District Attorney.  This series also contains a small amount of correspondence with other sitting Supreme Court of Virginia justices, Virginia political figures, with U.S. Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist, Mississippi Senator Trent Lott, Michigan Supreme Court Judge Robert P Griffin, and Theodore Voorhees, then a dean at the Catholic University Law School.","This series also includes correspondence with law clerks, applications for clerkships, letters about administration of the Virginia State Law Library, and bail reform, and personal correspondence with friends and family in Southwest Virginia, including newspaper clippings about his dissenting opinions. In a personal letter, Justice Poff compares being a judge favorably to being a congressman.  Also included is a letter, 1987, from defense attorneys asking the Supreme Court of Virginia to consider changing its method of compensating counsel for indigents in capital murder cases.","The correspondence includes photographs of Congressman Poff with Governor Dalton and with his wife and children on the steps of the U.S. capitol, 1970, circa and with U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, Jr., 1975, circa, as well as a copy of a photograph of Justice Poff with his class at Cave Spring Elementary School in Roanoke, 1930, circa.","Speeches, 1961 and 1974-1988, are Justice Poff's public speeches and three folders of the speeches and sermons of others, 1961-1987.  This series also contains copies of programs from Justice Poff's memorial service in 2011.","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.","United States. National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. State Law Library.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["000028278\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011"],"collection_title_tesim":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011"],"collection_ssim":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers,\n1972-2002; 2011"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011\n"],"creator_ssim":["Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were transferred to the Virginia State Law Library in 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Congressmen -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Criminal procedure -- United States.","Judges -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Audiocassettes.","Black-and-white photographs.","Clippings (information artifacts).","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Sermons -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Congressmen -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Criminal procedure -- United States.","Judges -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Audiocassettes.","Black-and-white photographs.","Clippings (information artifacts).","Correspondence -- Virginia.","Law clerks -- Virginia.","Sermons -- Virginia.","Speeches -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["37.0 cu. ft. (82 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until July 1, 2031.  \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until July 1, 2031.  \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRichard Harding Poff was born in Radford, Virginia, October 19, 1923. His father was a railroad man. He grew up in Christiansburg and attended Roanoke College in 1942 and 1943 before joining the Army Air Corps. Poff was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for flying 35 missions as a bomber pilot in Europe during World War II. In 1948, Poff received his law degree from the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1952, Poff was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives representing the Sixth Congressional District of Virginia. He served for ten consecutive terms and was the ranking Republican on the House Judiciary Committee during the Nixon administration. When U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black died in September 1971, Poff was widely viewed as President Nixon's first choice to replace Black.  His nomination drew opposition from liberals because of his opposition to school desegregation in 1956, and he took his name out of consideration for personal reasons. In 1972, Poff was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia by Governor Linwood Holton and became the first Republican to serve on the Court in the twentieth century. Poff retired from the Court in 1988 and served as Senior Justice from 1989 to 2002.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Richard Harding Poff was born in Radford, Virginia, October 19, 1923. His father was a railroad man. He grew up in Christiansburg and attended Roanoke College in 1942 and 1943 before joining the Army Air Corps. Poff was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for flying 35 missions as a bomber pilot in Europe during World War II. In 1948, Poff received his law degree from the University of Virginia.","In 1952, Poff was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives representing the Sixth Congressional District of Virginia. He served for ten consecutive terms and was the ranking Republican on the House Judiciary Committee during the Nixon administration. When U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black died in September 1971, Poff was widely viewed as President Nixon's first choice to replace Black.  His nomination drew opposition from liberals because of his opposition to school desegregation in 1956, and he took his name out of consideration for personal reasons. In 1972, Poff was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia by Governor Linwood Holton and became the first Republican to serve on the Court in the twentieth century. Poff retired from the Court in 1988 and served as Senior Justice from 1989 to 2002."],"fileplan_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox and folder list available.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"fileplan_heading_ssm":["File Plan\n"],"fileplan_tesim":["Box and folder list available.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJustice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011, Accession #00028278, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Justice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011, Accession #00028278, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Richard Harding Poff, 1935-1972, Accession #9815, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va./ Guide available in reading room and on microfilm #770.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Papers of Richard Harding Poff, 1935-1972, Accession #9815, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va./ Guide available in reading room and on microfilm #770.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Justice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011,are chiefly case files from Poff's tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia (1972-1988). The collection also contains Justice Poff's correspondence, 1973-2002, and speeches, 1973-1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCase files contain briefs, notes, opinions, draft opinions, research notes, news clippings pertaining to the case, and some correspondence. The case file for Carolina Coach Co. v. Commonwealth of Virginia, 1974, contains an audio-cassette recording of oral arguments in the case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1973-2002, pertains primarily to Poff's professional life as a justice, but also includes correspondence with people he knew from his work on the Judiciary Committee, particularly his work on President Richard Nixon's anti-crime initiative, the Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws. Notable correspondents from his congressional career are Mary Burruss, his former congressional administrative aide; Grasty Crews II, General Counsel, House Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs; and Robert M. Morgenthau, New York County District Attorney.  This series also contains a small amount of correspondence with other sitting Supreme Court of Virginia justices, Virginia political figures, with U.S. Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist, Mississippi Senator Trent Lott, Michigan Supreme Court Judge Robert P Griffin, and Theodore Voorhees, then a dean at the Catholic University Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series also includes correspondence with law clerks, applications for clerkships, letters about administration of the Virginia State Law Library, and bail reform, and personal correspondence with friends and family in Southwest Virginia, including newspaper clippings about his dissenting opinions. In a personal letter, Justice Poff compares being a judge favorably to being a congressman.  Also included is a letter, 1987, from defense attorneys asking the Supreme Court of Virginia to consider changing its method of compensating counsel for indigents in capital murder cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence includes photographs of Congressman Poff with Governor Dalton and with his wife and children on the steps of the U.S. capitol, 1970, circa and with U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, Jr., 1975, circa, as well as a copy of a photograph of Justice Poff with his class at Cave Spring Elementary School in Roanoke, 1930, circa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches, 1961 and 1974-1988, are Justice Poff's public speeches and three folders of the speeches and sermons of others, 1961-1987.  This series also contains copies of programs from Justice Poff's memorial service in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Justice Richard H. Poff Papers, 1972-2002; 2011,are chiefly case files from Poff's tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia (1972-1988). The collection also contains Justice Poff's correspondence, 1973-2002, and speeches, 1973-1988.","Case files contain briefs, notes, opinions, draft opinions, research notes, news clippings pertaining to the case, and some correspondence. The case file for Carolina Coach Co. v. Commonwealth of Virginia, 1974, contains an audio-cassette recording of oral arguments in the case.","Correspondence, 1973-2002, pertains primarily to Poff's professional life as a justice, but also includes correspondence with people he knew from his work on the Judiciary Committee, particularly his work on President Richard Nixon's anti-crime initiative, the Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws. Notable correspondents from his congressional career are Mary Burruss, his former congressional administrative aide; Grasty Crews II, General Counsel, House Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs; and Robert M. Morgenthau, New York County District Attorney.  This series also contains a small amount of correspondence with other sitting Supreme Court of Virginia justices, Virginia political figures, with U.S. Supreme Court Justice William Rehnquist, Mississippi Senator Trent Lott, Michigan Supreme Court Judge Robert P Griffin, and Theodore Voorhees, then a dean at the Catholic University Law School.","This series also includes correspondence with law clerks, applications for clerkships, letters about administration of the Virginia State Law Library, and bail reform, and personal correspondence with friends and family in Southwest Virginia, including newspaper clippings about his dissenting opinions. In a personal letter, Justice Poff compares being a judge favorably to being a congressman.  Also included is a letter, 1987, from defense attorneys asking the Supreme Court of Virginia to consider changing its method of compensating counsel for indigents in capital murder cases.","The correspondence includes photographs of Congressman Poff with Governor Dalton and with his wife and children on the steps of the U.S. capitol, 1970, circa and with U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell, Jr., 1975, circa, as well as a copy of a photograph of Justice Poff with his class at Cave Spring Elementary School in Roanoke, 1930, circa.","Speeches, 1961 and 1974-1988, are Justice Poff's public speeches and three folders of the speeches and sermons of others, 1961-1987.  This series also contains copies of programs from Justice Poff's memorial service in 2011."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection."],"names_ssim":["United States. National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. State Law Library.","Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011."],"corpname_ssim":["United States. National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. State Law Library."],"persname_ssim":["Poff, Richard Harding, 1923-2011."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:05:57.785Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00020"}},{"id":"vil_vil00019","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00019#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00019#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Stephenson papers are comprised mostly of Justice Stephenson's case files and opinions, correspondence, and other papers documenting his tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia, 1981-2010. The papers also include correspondence and opinions, 1973-1978, documenting his work as a judge on the 25th judicial circuit in Alleghany County, as well as personal papers, 1954-2011, circa. The collection also contains personal and professional papers of Justice Stephenson's father, Roscoe Stephenson, Sr., 1904-1929; and the military discharge record of his grandfather, Oscar Adam Stephenson, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00019#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vil_vil00019","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00019","_root_":"vil_vil00019","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00019","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00019.xml","title_ssm":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)"],"title_tesim":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["000028356\n"],"text":["000028356\n","Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)","DNA fingerprinting -- Virginia. ","Judges -- Virginia. ","Judicial opinions -- Virginia. ","Physicians' malpractice insurance -- Virginia -- Cost control.","Tuberculosis -- hospitals -- Virginia.","Virginia -- politics and government -- 20th century.","Alleghany County (Va.) -- History -- World War, 1914-1918.","Audiocassettes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Personal correspondence -- Virginia.","Photographs -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia. ","Lawyers -- Virginia -- Covington. ","Legal correspondence -- Virginia.","Souvenirs -- Virginia.","Video recordings -- Virginia -- Lexington.","Voters' lists -- Virginia -- Alleghany County.","43.2 cu. ft. (96 boxes)","Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2031.  \n","George A. Revercomb, Jr., \"In Memoriam, Roscoe B. Stephenson, 1884-1965,\"  Virginia State Bar Association Reports, 1966 (v. LXXVII) (Richmond, Va.: Lewis Printing Company, Printers, 1967),192-193.","Roscoe B. Stephenson, Jr., was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981 and reappointed in 1993.  He retired in 1997 and served as senior justice until December 2010.  Stephenson died on May 30, 2011, in Covington, Virginia.\n","Stephenson was born in Covington, Va., on February 22, 1922. He was awarded a B.A. degree from Washington and Lee University in 1943 and a J.D. from the Washington and Lee University School of Law in 1947. Stephenson then returned to Covington and practiced law there in partnership with his father, Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. From 1952 to 1964, he was Commonwealth's Attorney for Alleghany County.  He returned to private practice in Covington in 1964 and continued until 1973, when he became circuit court judge for the 25th Judicial Circuit of Virginia, a position he held until he became a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981.","As a Supreme Court of Virginia justice, Stephenson wrote decisions upholding the cap on awards on medical malpractice cases and affirming the use of DNA evidence in the case of Timothy W. Spencer in 1989. The Spencer case was the first case in which an individual was sentenced to death based largely on DNA evidence. ","Roscoe B. Stehenson, Sr. (1884-1965) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County).  After earning a law degree from Washington \u0026 Lee University in 1909, he moved to Covington, in part because he had an uncle, George A. Revercomb, Sr., who had a law practice there, and began practicing law. Stephenson served as mayor of Covington and Alleghany county Commonwealth's Attorney. He was a Deacon and an Elder at First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.)  He was an active member of the Virginia State Bar Association and his clients included civil and criminal cases.","Oscar Adam Stephenson (1845-1917) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County). He served in McCausland's Brigade (Brigadier General John McCausland, Jr.) in the Civil War, and was discharged from the Army of the Shenandoah in May 1865.","The Stephenson papers are comprised mostly of Justice Stephenson's case files and opinions, correspondence, and other papers documenting his tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia, 1981-2010.  The papers also include correspondence and opinions, 1973-1978, documenting his work as a judge on the 25th judicial circuit in Alleghany County, as well as  personal papers, 1954-2011, circa. The collection also contains personal and professional papers of Justice Stephenson's father, Roscoe Stephenson, Sr., 1904-1929; and the military discharge record of his grandfather, Oscar Adam Stephenson, 1865.","Justice Stephenson's Supreme Court of Virginia case files, 1981-2010, are notes, research, opinions, and drafts of opinions he wrote while serving on the court.  These papers also contain judicial correspondence, speeches, meeting and program materials, and mementos documenting his service on the court.","Justice Stephenson's personal papers, 1954-2011, contain personal correspondence, 1954-2011; letters pertaining to fundraising for Washington and Lee University, and records of his service to the Museum of Frontier American Culture and the John Marshall Foundation.  The papers also include letters with extended family, letters about personal interests, such as golf and the 50th reunion of the Covington High School class of 1943.  The papers include a few photographs, including a photograph of Roscoe Stephenson, Sr. speaking at the Catawba Sanatorium in 1917 and photographs of the Covington High School Class of 1943 fiftieth reunion.","The Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers, 1904-1929, are comprised mostly of letters documenting his law practice in Covington, Va., much of it involving the collection of debts from local businesses.  The papers also contain letters pertaining to Stephenson's interest in state politics and his relationships with political figures in Virginia.  They include letters to elected officials advocating for candidates, particularly the candidacy of his uncle, George A. Revercomb.  A few letters contain comments on political issues, such as a letter to Delegate Hugh High about legislation White proposed to regulate pollution in the James river, 1914. \nCorrespondents include John Garland Pollard, candidate for Attorney General and member of the Virginia Progressive Democratic League, 1913-1914; Delegate John W. Stephenson (Roscoe Stephenson Sr.'s uncle), 1914-1918, 1924; St. George Tucker, Lexington, 1914; Congressman H.D. Flood, 1916; Aubrey E. Strode, 1914; Justice Louis Spencer Epes, 1917-1918; Governor Westmoreland Davis, 1918; Senator W.A. Rinehart, and Abram P. Staples, 1924.  Letters also document Stephenson's campaign for Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney, 1915 (including annotated Alleghany county voter lists, 1904, circa).","The Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers also contain correspondence with Stephenson family members in Bath and Highland counties and West Virginia; letters pertaining to investments in mining and timber operations; letters with Washington and Lee classmates and fraternity brothers; and letters pertaining to the time he spent in Catawba sanatorium in Roanoke County and his efforts to lobby for increased funding for tuberculosis patients. The papers also include a few items pertaining to Stephenson's work with the Alleghany County draft board during World War I and requests for pardons for convicted individuals when he was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney.","Papers documenting Roscoe B. Stephenson Sr.'s work as a deacon and elder at the First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.), 1920-1935, circa, were transferred to the First Presbyterian Church in 2011.","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.","Alleghany County (Va.) Commonwealth's Attorney. ","Catawba Sanatorium (Roanoke County, Va.)","Covington High School Alumni Association (Covington, Va.)","Museum of American Frontier Culture Foundation Board of Directors (Staunton, Va.)","Virginia 25th Judicial Circuit. ","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Washington and Lee University Alumni Association (Lexington, Va.).","Stephenson, Oscar Adam, 1845-1917.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1884-1965. ","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011. ","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["000028356\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)"],"collection_ssim":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011\n"],"creator_ssim":["Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were transferred to the Supreme Court of Virginia Archives from Justice Stephenson's chambers in Covington, Virginia, in April 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["DNA fingerprinting -- Virginia. ","Judges -- Virginia. ","Judicial opinions -- Virginia. ","Physicians' malpractice insurance -- Virginia -- Cost control.","Tuberculosis -- hospitals -- Virginia.","Virginia -- politics and government -- 20th century.","Alleghany County (Va.) -- History -- World War, 1914-1918.","Audiocassettes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Personal correspondence -- Virginia.","Photographs -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia. ","Lawyers -- Virginia -- Covington. ","Legal correspondence -- Virginia.","Souvenirs -- Virginia.","Video recordings -- Virginia -- Lexington.","Voters' lists -- Virginia -- Alleghany County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["DNA fingerprinting -- Virginia. ","Judges -- Virginia. ","Judicial opinions -- Virginia. ","Physicians' malpractice insurance -- Virginia -- Cost control.","Tuberculosis -- hospitals -- Virginia.","Virginia -- politics and government -- 20th century.","Alleghany County (Va.) -- History -- World War, 1914-1918.","Audiocassettes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Personal correspondence -- Virginia.","Photographs -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia. ","Lawyers -- Virginia -- Covington. ","Legal correspondence -- Virginia.","Souvenirs -- Virginia.","Video recordings -- Virginia -- Lexington.","Voters' lists -- Virginia -- Alleghany County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["43.2 cu. ft. (96 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2031.  \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2031.  \n"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eGeorge A. Revercomb, Jr., \"In Memoriam, Roscoe B. Stephenson, 1884-1965,\"  Virginia State Bar Association Reports, 1966 (v. LXXVII) (Richmond, Va.: Lewis Printing Company, Printers, 1967),192-193.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography\n"],"bibliography_tesim":["George A. Revercomb, Jr., \"In Memoriam, Roscoe B. Stephenson, 1884-1965,\"  Virginia State Bar Association Reports, 1966 (v. LXXVII) (Richmond, Va.: Lewis Printing Company, Printers, 1967),192-193."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRoscoe B. Stephenson, Jr., was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981 and reappointed in 1993.  He retired in 1997 and served as senior justice until December 2010.  Stephenson died on May 30, 2011, in Covington, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephenson was born in Covington, Va., on February 22, 1922. He was awarded a B.A. degree from Washington and Lee University in 1943 and a J.D. from the Washington and Lee University School of Law in 1947. Stephenson then returned to Covington and practiced law there in partnership with his father, Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. From 1952 to 1964, he was Commonwealth's Attorney for Alleghany County.  He returned to private practice in Covington in 1964 and continued until 1973, when he became circuit court judge for the 25th Judicial Circuit of Virginia, a position he held until he became a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs a Supreme Court of Virginia justice, Stephenson wrote decisions upholding the cap on awards on medical malpractice cases and affirming the use of DNA evidence in the case of Timothy W. Spencer in 1989. The Spencer case was the first case in which an individual was sentenced to death based largely on DNA evidence. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoscoe B. Stehenson, Sr. (1884-1965) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County).  After earning a law degree from Washington \u0026amp; Lee University in 1909, he moved to Covington, in part because he had an uncle, George A. Revercomb, Sr., who had a law practice there, and began practicing law. Stephenson served as mayor of Covington and Alleghany county Commonwealth's Attorney. He was a Deacon and an Elder at First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.)  He was an active member of the Virginia State Bar Association and his clients included civil and criminal cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOscar Adam Stephenson (1845-1917) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County). He served in McCausland's Brigade (Brigadier General John McCausland, Jr.) in the Civil War, and was discharged from the Army of the Shenandoah in May 1865.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Roscoe B. Stephenson, Jr., was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981 and reappointed in 1993.  He retired in 1997 and served as senior justice until December 2010.  Stephenson died on May 30, 2011, in Covington, Virginia.\n","Stephenson was born in Covington, Va., on February 22, 1922. He was awarded a B.A. degree from Washington and Lee University in 1943 and a J.D. from the Washington and Lee University School of Law in 1947. Stephenson then returned to Covington and practiced law there in partnership with his father, Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. From 1952 to 1964, he was Commonwealth's Attorney for Alleghany County.  He returned to private practice in Covington in 1964 and continued until 1973, when he became circuit court judge for the 25th Judicial Circuit of Virginia, a position he held until he became a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981.","As a Supreme Court of Virginia justice, Stephenson wrote decisions upholding the cap on awards on medical malpractice cases and affirming the use of DNA evidence in the case of Timothy W. Spencer in 1989. The Spencer case was the first case in which an individual was sentenced to death based largely on DNA evidence. ","Roscoe B. Stehenson, Sr. (1884-1965) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County).  After earning a law degree from Washington \u0026 Lee University in 1909, he moved to Covington, in part because he had an uncle, George A. Revercomb, Sr., who had a law practice there, and began practicing law. Stephenson served as mayor of Covington and Alleghany county Commonwealth's Attorney. He was a Deacon and an Elder at First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.)  He was an active member of the Virginia State Bar Association and his clients included civil and criminal cases.","Oscar Adam Stephenson (1845-1917) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County). He served in McCausland's Brigade (Brigadier General John McCausland, Jr.) in the Civil War, and was discharged from the Army of the Shenandoah in May 1865."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA box and folder list is available at the repository.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid\n"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["A box and folder list is available at the repository."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJustice Roscoe Stephenson Papers, 1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010), Accession #00028356, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers, 1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010), Accession #00028356, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stephenson papers are comprised mostly of Justice Stephenson's case files and opinions, correspondence, and other papers documenting his tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia, 1981-2010.  The papers also include correspondence and opinions, 1973-1978, documenting his work as a judge on the 25th judicial circuit in Alleghany County, as well as  personal papers, 1954-2011, circa. The collection also contains personal and professional papers of Justice Stephenson's father, Roscoe Stephenson, Sr., 1904-1929; and the military discharge record of his grandfather, Oscar Adam Stephenson, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Stephenson's Supreme Court of Virginia case files, 1981-2010, are notes, research, opinions, and drafts of opinions he wrote while serving on the court.  These papers also contain judicial correspondence, speeches, meeting and program materials, and mementos documenting his service on the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Stephenson's personal papers, 1954-2011, contain personal correspondence, 1954-2011; letters pertaining to fundraising for Washington and Lee University, and records of his service to the Museum of Frontier American Culture and the John Marshall Foundation.  The papers also include letters with extended family, letters about personal interests, such as golf and the 50th reunion of the Covington High School class of 1943.  The papers include a few photographs, including a photograph of Roscoe Stephenson, Sr. speaking at the Catawba Sanatorium in 1917 and photographs of the Covington High School Class of 1943 fiftieth reunion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers, 1904-1929, are comprised mostly of letters documenting his law practice in Covington, Va., much of it involving the collection of debts from local businesses.  The papers also contain letters pertaining to Stephenson's interest in state politics and his relationships with political figures in Virginia.  They include letters to elected officials advocating for candidates, particularly the candidacy of his uncle, George A. Revercomb.  A few letters contain comments on political issues, such as a letter to Delegate Hugh High about legislation White proposed to regulate pollution in the James river, 1914. \nCorrespondents include John Garland Pollard, candidate for Attorney General and member of the Virginia Progressive Democratic League, 1913-1914; Delegate John W. Stephenson (Roscoe Stephenson Sr.'s uncle), 1914-1918, 1924; St. George Tucker, Lexington, 1914; Congressman H.D. Flood, 1916; Aubrey E. Strode, 1914; Justice Louis Spencer Epes, 1917-1918; Governor Westmoreland Davis, 1918; Senator W.A. Rinehart, and Abram P. Staples, 1924.  Letters also document Stephenson's campaign for Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney, 1915 (including annotated Alleghany county voter lists, 1904, circa).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers also contain correspondence with Stephenson family members in Bath and Highland counties and West Virginia; letters pertaining to investments in mining and timber operations; letters with Washington and Lee classmates and fraternity brothers; and letters pertaining to the time he spent in Catawba sanatorium in Roanoke County and his efforts to lobby for increased funding for tuberculosis patients. The papers also include a few items pertaining to Stephenson's work with the Alleghany County draft board during World War I and requests for pardons for convicted individuals when he was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stephenson papers are comprised mostly of Justice Stephenson's case files and opinions, correspondence, and other papers documenting his tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia, 1981-2010.  The papers also include correspondence and opinions, 1973-1978, documenting his work as a judge on the 25th judicial circuit in Alleghany County, as well as  personal papers, 1954-2011, circa. The collection also contains personal and professional papers of Justice Stephenson's father, Roscoe Stephenson, Sr., 1904-1929; and the military discharge record of his grandfather, Oscar Adam Stephenson, 1865.","Justice Stephenson's Supreme Court of Virginia case files, 1981-2010, are notes, research, opinions, and drafts of opinions he wrote while serving on the court.  These papers also contain judicial correspondence, speeches, meeting and program materials, and mementos documenting his service on the court.","Justice Stephenson's personal papers, 1954-2011, contain personal correspondence, 1954-2011; letters pertaining to fundraising for Washington and Lee University, and records of his service to the Museum of Frontier American Culture and the John Marshall Foundation.  The papers also include letters with extended family, letters about personal interests, such as golf and the 50th reunion of the Covington High School class of 1943.  The papers include a few photographs, including a photograph of Roscoe Stephenson, Sr. speaking at the Catawba Sanatorium in 1917 and photographs of the Covington High School Class of 1943 fiftieth reunion.","The Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers, 1904-1929, are comprised mostly of letters documenting his law practice in Covington, Va., much of it involving the collection of debts from local businesses.  The papers also contain letters pertaining to Stephenson's interest in state politics and his relationships with political figures in Virginia.  They include letters to elected officials advocating for candidates, particularly the candidacy of his uncle, George A. Revercomb.  A few letters contain comments on political issues, such as a letter to Delegate Hugh High about legislation White proposed to regulate pollution in the James river, 1914. \nCorrespondents include John Garland Pollard, candidate for Attorney General and member of the Virginia Progressive Democratic League, 1913-1914; Delegate John W. Stephenson (Roscoe Stephenson Sr.'s uncle), 1914-1918, 1924; St. George Tucker, Lexington, 1914; Congressman H.D. Flood, 1916; Aubrey E. Strode, 1914; Justice Louis Spencer Epes, 1917-1918; Governor Westmoreland Davis, 1918; Senator W.A. Rinehart, and Abram P. Staples, 1924.  Letters also document Stephenson's campaign for Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney, 1915 (including annotated Alleghany county voter lists, 1904, circa).","The Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers also contain correspondence with Stephenson family members in Bath and Highland counties and West Virginia; letters pertaining to investments in mining and timber operations; letters with Washington and Lee classmates and fraternity brothers; and letters pertaining to the time he spent in Catawba sanatorium in Roanoke County and his efforts to lobby for increased funding for tuberculosis patients. The papers also include a few items pertaining to Stephenson's work with the Alleghany County draft board during World War I and requests for pardons for convicted individuals when he was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers documenting Roscoe B. Stephenson Sr.'s work as a deacon and elder at the First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.), 1920-1935, circa, were transferred to the First Presbyterian Church in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material\n"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Papers documenting Roscoe B. Stephenson Sr.'s work as a deacon and elder at the First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.), 1920-1935, circa, were transferred to the First Presbyterian Church in 2011."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection."],"names_ssim":["Alleghany County (Va.) Commonwealth's Attorney. ","Catawba Sanatorium (Roanoke County, Va.)","Covington High School Alumni Association (Covington, Va.)","Museum of American Frontier Culture Foundation Board of Directors (Staunton, Va.)","Virginia 25th Judicial Circuit. ","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Washington and Lee University Alumni Association (Lexington, Va.).","Stephenson, Oscar Adam, 1845-1917.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1884-1965. ","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011. "],"corpname_ssim":["Alleghany County (Va.) Commonwealth's Attorney. ","Catawba Sanatorium (Roanoke County, Va.)","Covington High School Alumni Association (Covington, Va.)","Museum of American Frontier Culture Foundation Board of Directors (Staunton, Va.)","Virginia 25th Judicial Circuit. ","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Washington and Lee University Alumni Association (Lexington, Va.)."],"persname_ssim":["Stephenson, Oscar Adam, 1845-1917.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1884-1965. ","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011. "],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:05:57.785Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00019","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00019","_root_":"vil_vil00019","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00019","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00019.xml","title_ssm":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)"],"title_tesim":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["000028356\n"],"text":["000028356\n","Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)","DNA fingerprinting -- Virginia. ","Judges -- Virginia. ","Judicial opinions -- Virginia. ","Physicians' malpractice insurance -- Virginia -- Cost control.","Tuberculosis -- hospitals -- Virginia.","Virginia -- politics and government -- 20th century.","Alleghany County (Va.) -- History -- World War, 1914-1918.","Audiocassettes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Personal correspondence -- Virginia.","Photographs -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia. ","Lawyers -- Virginia -- Covington. ","Legal correspondence -- Virginia.","Souvenirs -- Virginia.","Video recordings -- Virginia -- Lexington.","Voters' lists -- Virginia -- Alleghany County.","43.2 cu. ft. (96 boxes)","Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2031.  \n","George A. Revercomb, Jr., \"In Memoriam, Roscoe B. Stephenson, 1884-1965,\"  Virginia State Bar Association Reports, 1966 (v. LXXVII) (Richmond, Va.: Lewis Printing Company, Printers, 1967),192-193.","Roscoe B. Stephenson, Jr., was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981 and reappointed in 1993.  He retired in 1997 and served as senior justice until December 2010.  Stephenson died on May 30, 2011, in Covington, Virginia.\n","Stephenson was born in Covington, Va., on February 22, 1922. He was awarded a B.A. degree from Washington and Lee University in 1943 and a J.D. from the Washington and Lee University School of Law in 1947. Stephenson then returned to Covington and practiced law there in partnership with his father, Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. From 1952 to 1964, he was Commonwealth's Attorney for Alleghany County.  He returned to private practice in Covington in 1964 and continued until 1973, when he became circuit court judge for the 25th Judicial Circuit of Virginia, a position he held until he became a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981.","As a Supreme Court of Virginia justice, Stephenson wrote decisions upholding the cap on awards on medical malpractice cases and affirming the use of DNA evidence in the case of Timothy W. Spencer in 1989. The Spencer case was the first case in which an individual was sentenced to death based largely on DNA evidence. ","Roscoe B. Stehenson, Sr. (1884-1965) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County).  After earning a law degree from Washington \u0026 Lee University in 1909, he moved to Covington, in part because he had an uncle, George A. Revercomb, Sr., who had a law practice there, and began practicing law. Stephenson served as mayor of Covington and Alleghany county Commonwealth's Attorney. He was a Deacon and an Elder at First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.)  He was an active member of the Virginia State Bar Association and his clients included civil and criminal cases.","Oscar Adam Stephenson (1845-1917) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County). He served in McCausland's Brigade (Brigadier General John McCausland, Jr.) in the Civil War, and was discharged from the Army of the Shenandoah in May 1865.","The Stephenson papers are comprised mostly of Justice Stephenson's case files and opinions, correspondence, and other papers documenting his tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia, 1981-2010.  The papers also include correspondence and opinions, 1973-1978, documenting his work as a judge on the 25th judicial circuit in Alleghany County, as well as  personal papers, 1954-2011, circa. The collection also contains personal and professional papers of Justice Stephenson's father, Roscoe Stephenson, Sr., 1904-1929; and the military discharge record of his grandfather, Oscar Adam Stephenson, 1865.","Justice Stephenson's Supreme Court of Virginia case files, 1981-2010, are notes, research, opinions, and drafts of opinions he wrote while serving on the court.  These papers also contain judicial correspondence, speeches, meeting and program materials, and mementos documenting his service on the court.","Justice Stephenson's personal papers, 1954-2011, contain personal correspondence, 1954-2011; letters pertaining to fundraising for Washington and Lee University, and records of his service to the Museum of Frontier American Culture and the John Marshall Foundation.  The papers also include letters with extended family, letters about personal interests, such as golf and the 50th reunion of the Covington High School class of 1943.  The papers include a few photographs, including a photograph of Roscoe Stephenson, Sr. speaking at the Catawba Sanatorium in 1917 and photographs of the Covington High School Class of 1943 fiftieth reunion.","The Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers, 1904-1929, are comprised mostly of letters documenting his law practice in Covington, Va., much of it involving the collection of debts from local businesses.  The papers also contain letters pertaining to Stephenson's interest in state politics and his relationships with political figures in Virginia.  They include letters to elected officials advocating for candidates, particularly the candidacy of his uncle, George A. Revercomb.  A few letters contain comments on political issues, such as a letter to Delegate Hugh High about legislation White proposed to regulate pollution in the James river, 1914. \nCorrespondents include John Garland Pollard, candidate for Attorney General and member of the Virginia Progressive Democratic League, 1913-1914; Delegate John W. Stephenson (Roscoe Stephenson Sr.'s uncle), 1914-1918, 1924; St. George Tucker, Lexington, 1914; Congressman H.D. Flood, 1916; Aubrey E. Strode, 1914; Justice Louis Spencer Epes, 1917-1918; Governor Westmoreland Davis, 1918; Senator W.A. Rinehart, and Abram P. Staples, 1924.  Letters also document Stephenson's campaign for Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney, 1915 (including annotated Alleghany county voter lists, 1904, circa).","The Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers also contain correspondence with Stephenson family members in Bath and Highland counties and West Virginia; letters pertaining to investments in mining and timber operations; letters with Washington and Lee classmates and fraternity brothers; and letters pertaining to the time he spent in Catawba sanatorium in Roanoke County and his efforts to lobby for increased funding for tuberculosis patients. The papers also include a few items pertaining to Stephenson's work with the Alleghany County draft board during World War I and requests for pardons for convicted individuals when he was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney.","Papers documenting Roscoe B. Stephenson Sr.'s work as a deacon and elder at the First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.), 1920-1935, circa, were transferred to the First Presbyterian Church in 2011.","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.","Alleghany County (Va.) Commonwealth's Attorney. ","Catawba Sanatorium (Roanoke County, Va.)","Covington High School Alumni Association (Covington, Va.)","Museum of American Frontier Culture Foundation Board of Directors (Staunton, Va.)","Virginia 25th Judicial Circuit. ","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Washington and Lee University Alumni Association (Lexington, Va.).","Stephenson, Oscar Adam, 1845-1917.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1884-1965. ","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011. ","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["000028356\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)"],"collection_ssim":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers\n1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011\n"],"creator_ssim":["Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were transferred to the Supreme Court of Virginia Archives from Justice Stephenson's chambers in Covington, Virginia, in April 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["DNA fingerprinting -- Virginia. ","Judges -- Virginia. ","Judicial opinions -- Virginia. ","Physicians' malpractice insurance -- Virginia -- Cost control.","Tuberculosis -- hospitals -- Virginia.","Virginia -- politics and government -- 20th century.","Alleghany County (Va.) -- History -- World War, 1914-1918.","Audiocassettes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Personal correspondence -- Virginia.","Photographs -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia. ","Lawyers -- Virginia -- Covington. ","Legal correspondence -- Virginia.","Souvenirs -- Virginia.","Video recordings -- Virginia -- Lexington.","Voters' lists -- Virginia -- Alleghany County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["DNA fingerprinting -- Virginia. ","Judges -- Virginia. ","Judicial opinions -- Virginia. ","Physicians' malpractice insurance -- Virginia -- Cost control.","Tuberculosis -- hospitals -- Virginia.","Virginia -- politics and government -- 20th century.","Alleghany County (Va.) -- History -- World War, 1914-1918.","Audiocassettes -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Clippings (information artifacts) -- Virginia -- Richmond.","Personal correspondence -- Virginia.","Photographs -- Virginia.","Judicial records -- Virginia. ","Lawyers -- Virginia -- Covington. ","Legal correspondence -- Virginia.","Souvenirs -- Virginia.","Video recordings -- Virginia -- Lexington.","Voters' lists -- Virginia -- Alleghany County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["43.2 cu. ft. (96 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccess to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2031.  \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Access to confidential correspondence and judicial conference notes restricted until June 1, 2031.  \n"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eGeorge A. Revercomb, Jr., \"In Memoriam, Roscoe B. Stephenson, 1884-1965,\"  Virginia State Bar Association Reports, 1966 (v. LXXVII) (Richmond, Va.: Lewis Printing Company, Printers, 1967),192-193.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography\n"],"bibliography_tesim":["George A. Revercomb, Jr., \"In Memoriam, Roscoe B. Stephenson, 1884-1965,\"  Virginia State Bar Association Reports, 1966 (v. LXXVII) (Richmond, Va.: Lewis Printing Company, Printers, 1967),192-193."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRoscoe B. Stephenson, Jr., was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981 and reappointed in 1993.  He retired in 1997 and served as senior justice until December 2010.  Stephenson died on May 30, 2011, in Covington, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStephenson was born in Covington, Va., on February 22, 1922. He was awarded a B.A. degree from Washington and Lee University in 1943 and a J.D. from the Washington and Lee University School of Law in 1947. Stephenson then returned to Covington and practiced law there in partnership with his father, Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. From 1952 to 1964, he was Commonwealth's Attorney for Alleghany County.  He returned to private practice in Covington in 1964 and continued until 1973, when he became circuit court judge for the 25th Judicial Circuit of Virginia, a position he held until he became a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs a Supreme Court of Virginia justice, Stephenson wrote decisions upholding the cap on awards on medical malpractice cases and affirming the use of DNA evidence in the case of Timothy W. Spencer in 1989. The Spencer case was the first case in which an individual was sentenced to death based largely on DNA evidence. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoscoe B. Stehenson, Sr. (1884-1965) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County).  After earning a law degree from Washington \u0026amp; Lee University in 1909, he moved to Covington, in part because he had an uncle, George A. Revercomb, Sr., who had a law practice there, and began practicing law. Stephenson served as mayor of Covington and Alleghany county Commonwealth's Attorney. He was a Deacon and an Elder at First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.)  He was an active member of the Virginia State Bar Association and his clients included civil and criminal cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOscar Adam Stephenson (1845-1917) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County). He served in McCausland's Brigade (Brigadier General John McCausland, Jr.) in the Civil War, and was discharged from the Army of the Shenandoah in May 1865.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Roscoe B. Stephenson, Jr., was appointed to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981 and reappointed in 1993.  He retired in 1997 and served as senior justice until December 2010.  Stephenson died on May 30, 2011, in Covington, Virginia.\n","Stephenson was born in Covington, Va., on February 22, 1922. He was awarded a B.A. degree from Washington and Lee University in 1943 and a J.D. from the Washington and Lee University School of Law in 1947. Stephenson then returned to Covington and practiced law there in partnership with his father, Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. From 1952 to 1964, he was Commonwealth's Attorney for Alleghany County.  He returned to private practice in Covington in 1964 and continued until 1973, when he became circuit court judge for the 25th Judicial Circuit of Virginia, a position he held until he became a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1981.","As a Supreme Court of Virginia justice, Stephenson wrote decisions upholding the cap on awards on medical malpractice cases and affirming the use of DNA evidence in the case of Timothy W. Spencer in 1989. The Spencer case was the first case in which an individual was sentenced to death based largely on DNA evidence. ","Roscoe B. Stehenson, Sr. (1884-1965) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County).  After earning a law degree from Washington \u0026 Lee University in 1909, he moved to Covington, in part because he had an uncle, George A. Revercomb, Sr., who had a law practice there, and began practicing law. Stephenson served as mayor of Covington and Alleghany county Commonwealth's Attorney. He was a Deacon and an Elder at First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.)  He was an active member of the Virginia State Bar Association and his clients included civil and criminal cases.","Oscar Adam Stephenson (1845-1917) was born at Mountain View farm in Bath County (now Highland County). He served in McCausland's Brigade (Brigadier General John McCausland, Jr.) in the Civil War, and was discharged from the Army of the Shenandoah in May 1865."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA box and folder list is available at the repository.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid\n"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["A box and folder list is available at the repository."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJustice Roscoe Stephenson Papers, 1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010), Accession #00028356, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Justice Roscoe Stephenson Papers, 1865; 1904-2011 (bulk 1981-2010), Accession #00028356, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stephenson papers are comprised mostly of Justice Stephenson's case files and opinions, correspondence, and other papers documenting his tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia, 1981-2010.  The papers also include correspondence and opinions, 1973-1978, documenting his work as a judge on the 25th judicial circuit in Alleghany County, as well as  personal papers, 1954-2011, circa. The collection also contains personal and professional papers of Justice Stephenson's father, Roscoe Stephenson, Sr., 1904-1929; and the military discharge record of his grandfather, Oscar Adam Stephenson, 1865.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Stephenson's Supreme Court of Virginia case files, 1981-2010, are notes, research, opinions, and drafts of opinions he wrote while serving on the court.  These papers also contain judicial correspondence, speeches, meeting and program materials, and mementos documenting his service on the court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Stephenson's personal papers, 1954-2011, contain personal correspondence, 1954-2011; letters pertaining to fundraising for Washington and Lee University, and records of his service to the Museum of Frontier American Culture and the John Marshall Foundation.  The papers also include letters with extended family, letters about personal interests, such as golf and the 50th reunion of the Covington High School class of 1943.  The papers include a few photographs, including a photograph of Roscoe Stephenson, Sr. speaking at the Catawba Sanatorium in 1917 and photographs of the Covington High School Class of 1943 fiftieth reunion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers, 1904-1929, are comprised mostly of letters documenting his law practice in Covington, Va., much of it involving the collection of debts from local businesses.  The papers also contain letters pertaining to Stephenson's interest in state politics and his relationships with political figures in Virginia.  They include letters to elected officials advocating for candidates, particularly the candidacy of his uncle, George A. Revercomb.  A few letters contain comments on political issues, such as a letter to Delegate Hugh High about legislation White proposed to regulate pollution in the James river, 1914. \nCorrespondents include John Garland Pollard, candidate for Attorney General and member of the Virginia Progressive Democratic League, 1913-1914; Delegate John W. Stephenson (Roscoe Stephenson Sr.'s uncle), 1914-1918, 1924; St. George Tucker, Lexington, 1914; Congressman H.D. Flood, 1916; Aubrey E. Strode, 1914; Justice Louis Spencer Epes, 1917-1918; Governor Westmoreland Davis, 1918; Senator W.A. Rinehart, and Abram P. Staples, 1924.  Letters also document Stephenson's campaign for Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney, 1915 (including annotated Alleghany county voter lists, 1904, circa).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers also contain correspondence with Stephenson family members in Bath and Highland counties and West Virginia; letters pertaining to investments in mining and timber operations; letters with Washington and Lee classmates and fraternity brothers; and letters pertaining to the time he spent in Catawba sanatorium in Roanoke County and his efforts to lobby for increased funding for tuberculosis patients. The papers also include a few items pertaining to Stephenson's work with the Alleghany County draft board during World War I and requests for pardons for convicted individuals when he was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Stephenson papers are comprised mostly of Justice Stephenson's case files and opinions, correspondence, and other papers documenting his tenure as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia, 1981-2010.  The papers also include correspondence and opinions, 1973-1978, documenting his work as a judge on the 25th judicial circuit in Alleghany County, as well as  personal papers, 1954-2011, circa. The collection also contains personal and professional papers of Justice Stephenson's father, Roscoe Stephenson, Sr., 1904-1929; and the military discharge record of his grandfather, Oscar Adam Stephenson, 1865.","Justice Stephenson's Supreme Court of Virginia case files, 1981-2010, are notes, research, opinions, and drafts of opinions he wrote while serving on the court.  These papers also contain judicial correspondence, speeches, meeting and program materials, and mementos documenting his service on the court.","Justice Stephenson's personal papers, 1954-2011, contain personal correspondence, 1954-2011; letters pertaining to fundraising for Washington and Lee University, and records of his service to the Museum of Frontier American Culture and the John Marshall Foundation.  The papers also include letters with extended family, letters about personal interests, such as golf and the 50th reunion of the Covington High School class of 1943.  The papers include a few photographs, including a photograph of Roscoe Stephenson, Sr. speaking at the Catawba Sanatorium in 1917 and photographs of the Covington High School Class of 1943 fiftieth reunion.","The Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers, 1904-1929, are comprised mostly of letters documenting his law practice in Covington, Va., much of it involving the collection of debts from local businesses.  The papers also contain letters pertaining to Stephenson's interest in state politics and his relationships with political figures in Virginia.  They include letters to elected officials advocating for candidates, particularly the candidacy of his uncle, George A. Revercomb.  A few letters contain comments on political issues, such as a letter to Delegate Hugh High about legislation White proposed to regulate pollution in the James river, 1914. \nCorrespondents include John Garland Pollard, candidate for Attorney General and member of the Virginia Progressive Democratic League, 1913-1914; Delegate John W. Stephenson (Roscoe Stephenson Sr.'s uncle), 1914-1918, 1924; St. George Tucker, Lexington, 1914; Congressman H.D. Flood, 1916; Aubrey E. Strode, 1914; Justice Louis Spencer Epes, 1917-1918; Governor Westmoreland Davis, 1918; Senator W.A. Rinehart, and Abram P. Staples, 1924.  Letters also document Stephenson's campaign for Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney, 1915 (including annotated Alleghany county voter lists, 1904, circa).","The Roscoe B. Stephenson, Sr. papers also contain correspondence with Stephenson family members in Bath and Highland counties and West Virginia; letters pertaining to investments in mining and timber operations; letters with Washington and Lee classmates and fraternity brothers; and letters pertaining to the time he spent in Catawba sanatorium in Roanoke County and his efforts to lobby for increased funding for tuberculosis patients. The papers also include a few items pertaining to Stephenson's work with the Alleghany County draft board during World War I and requests for pardons for convicted individuals when he was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers documenting Roscoe B. Stephenson Sr.'s work as a deacon and elder at the First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.), 1920-1935, circa, were transferred to the First Presbyterian Church in 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material\n"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Papers documenting Roscoe B. Stephenson Sr.'s work as a deacon and elder at the First Presbyterian Church (Covington, Va.), 1920-1935, circa, were transferred to the First Presbyterian Church in 2011."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection."],"names_ssim":["Alleghany County (Va.) Commonwealth's Attorney. ","Catawba Sanatorium (Roanoke County, Va.)","Covington High School Alumni Association (Covington, Va.)","Museum of American Frontier Culture Foundation Board of Directors (Staunton, Va.)","Virginia 25th Judicial Circuit. ","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Washington and Lee University Alumni Association (Lexington, Va.).","Stephenson, Oscar Adam, 1845-1917.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1884-1965. ","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011. "],"corpname_ssim":["Alleghany County (Va.) Commonwealth's Attorney. ","Catawba Sanatorium (Roanoke County, Va.)","Covington High School Alumni Association (Covington, Va.)","Museum of American Frontier Culture Foundation Board of Directors (Staunton, Va.)","Virginia 25th Judicial Circuit. ","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Washington and Lee University Alumni Association (Lexington, Va.)."],"persname_ssim":["Stephenson, Oscar Adam, 1845-1917.","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1884-1965. ","Stephenson, Roscoe Bolar, 1922-2011. "],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:05:57.785Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00019"}},{"id":"vi_vi04834","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786.","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04834#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Virginia. Land Office.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04834#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThese records contain lists of judgements on caveats passed down by the Supreme Court for the district of Kentucky during the March, June, and September terms in 1785, and the March, June, and November terms of 1786. The lists vary in format, but they all contain in either column or paragraph form the names of the disputing parties, the number of acres under dispute, the county in which the land was located, and the judgment rendered in each instance. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04834#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi04834","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04834","_root_":"vi_vi04834","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04834","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04834.xml","title_ssm":["Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786."],"title_tesim":["Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["LOI 102\n"],"text":["LOI 102\n","Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia.","Land grants -- Kentucky.","Right of property -- Virginia.","Lists.","State government records -- Virginia.","6 items","There are no restrictions.\n","The act which established the previous Land Office passed the General Assembly on 22 June 1779. The register was the head of the Office and was appointed by joint ballot of both houses of the legislature.\n","These records contain lists of judgements on caveats passed down by the Supreme Court for the district of Kentucky during the March, June, and September terms in 1785, and the March, June, and November terms of 1786. The lists vary in format, but they all contain in either column or paragraph form the names of the disputing parties, the number of acres under dispute, the county in which the land was located, and the judgment rendered in each instance.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Virginia. Land Office","Virginia. Supreme Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["LOI 102\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786."],"collection_title_tesim":["Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786."],"collection_ssim":["Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786."],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Land Office.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Land Office.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accession LOI 102 transferred by the Secretary of the Commonwealth, 1948.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Judicial opinions -- Virginia.","Land grants -- Kentucky.","Right of property -- Virginia.","Lists.","State government records -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Judicial opinions -- Virginia.","Land grants -- Kentucky.","Right of property -- Virginia.","Lists.","State government records -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["6 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe act which established the previous Land Office passed the General Assembly on 22 June 1779. The register was the head of the Office and was appointed by joint ballot of both houses of the legislature.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The act which established the previous Land Office passed the General Assembly on 22 June 1779. The register was the head of the Office and was appointed by joint ballot of both houses of the legislature.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia. Land Office. Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, 1785-1786. Accession Land Office inventory entry no. 102, State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Archives Branch, Richmond, VA 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Virginia. Land Office. Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, 1785-1786. Accession Land Office inventory entry no. 102, State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Archives Branch, Richmond, VA 23219.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese records contain lists of judgements on caveats passed down by the Supreme Court for the district of Kentucky during the March, June, and September terms in 1785, and the March, June, and November terms of 1786. The lists vary in format, but they all contain in either column or paragraph form the names of the disputing parties, the number of acres under dispute, the county in which the land was located, and the judgment rendered in each instance.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These records contain lists of judgements on caveats passed down by the Supreme Court for the district of Kentucky during the March, June, and September terms in 1785, and the March, June, and November terms of 1786. The lists vary in format, but they all contain in either column or paragraph form the names of the disputing parties, the number of acres under dispute, the county in which the land was located, and the judgment rendered in each instance.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"names_ssim":["Virginia. Land Office","Virginia. Supreme Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia. Land Office","Virginia. Supreme Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:00:08.922Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi04834","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04834","_root_":"vi_vi04834","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04834","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04834.xml","title_ssm":["Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786."],"title_tesim":["Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["LOI 102\n"],"text":["LOI 102\n","Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786.","Judicial opinions -- Virginia.","Land grants -- Kentucky.","Right of property -- Virginia.","Lists.","State government records -- Virginia.","6 items","There are no restrictions.\n","The act which established the previous Land Office passed the General Assembly on 22 June 1779. The register was the head of the Office and was appointed by joint ballot of both houses of the legislature.\n","These records contain lists of judgements on caveats passed down by the Supreme Court for the district of Kentucky during the March, June, and September terms in 1785, and the March, June, and November terms of 1786. The lists vary in format, but they all contain in either column or paragraph form the names of the disputing parties, the number of acres under dispute, the county in which the land was located, and the judgment rendered in each instance.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Virginia. Land Office","Virginia. Supreme Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["LOI 102\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786."],"collection_title_tesim":["Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786."],"collection_ssim":["Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, \n1785-1786."],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Land Office.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Land Office.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Accession LOI 102 transferred by the Secretary of the Commonwealth, 1948.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Judicial opinions -- Virginia.","Land grants -- Kentucky.","Right of property -- Virginia.","Lists.","State government records -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Judicial opinions -- Virginia.","Land grants -- Kentucky.","Right of property -- Virginia.","Lists.","State government records -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["6 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe act which established the previous Land Office passed the General Assembly on 22 June 1779. The register was the head of the Office and was appointed by joint ballot of both houses of the legislature.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The act which established the previous Land Office passed the General Assembly on 22 June 1779. The register was the head of the Office and was appointed by joint ballot of both houses of the legislature.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia. Land Office. Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, 1785-1786. Accession Land Office inventory entry no. 102, State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Archives Branch, Richmond, VA 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Virginia. Land Office. Lists of caveats determined in the Supreme Court for the District of Kentucky from the Virginia Land Office, 1785-1786. Accession Land Office inventory entry no. 102, State government records collection, The Library of Virginia, Archives Branch, Richmond, VA 23219.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese records contain lists of judgements on caveats passed down by the Supreme Court for the district of Kentucky during the March, June, and September terms in 1785, and the March, June, and November terms of 1786. The lists vary in format, but they all contain in either column or paragraph form the names of the disputing parties, the number of acres under dispute, the county in which the land was located, and the judgment rendered in each instance.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These records contain lists of judgements on caveats passed down by the Supreme Court for the district of Kentucky during the March, June, and September terms in 1785, and the March, June, and November terms of 1786. The lists vary in format, but they all contain in either column or paragraph form the names of the disputing parties, the number of acres under dispute, the county in which the land was located, and the judgment rendered in each instance.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"names_ssim":["Virginia. Land Office","Virginia. Supreme Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia. Land Office","Virginia. Supreme Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:00:08.922Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04834"}},{"id":"vil_vil00003","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00003#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00003#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection (not comprehensive) contains oaths of office of Supreme Court justices between 1935 and 2012. The collection also contains the oaths taken by Supreme Court Clerk Maury B. Watts, 1937; Deputy Clerk Bryan L. Clarke, 1957; Clerk Allen L. Lucy, 1977; Attorney General Kenneth C. Patty, 1957; and J. Lindsay Almond, Roanoke (city) Hustings Court judge, 1941.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00003#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vil_vil00003","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00003","_root_":"vil_vil00003","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00003","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00003.xml","title_ssm":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007"],"title_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00028932\n"],"text":["00028932\n","Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007","Judges--Virginia.","Virginia -- Supreme Court -- History -- 20th century.","Clerks of court -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Oaths -- Virginia.","0.45 cu. ft. (1 box)","Collection is open to research.\n","Alphabetical.\n","The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed.","Section 49-1 of the Code of Virginia requires justices to take an oath as on officer of the Commonwealth.  Pursuant to Section 49-3 of the Code of Virginia, justices may be sworn in by a judge, clerk, or deputy clerk of a court of record; a judge of a district court; the Secretary of the Commonwealth, or a State Corporation Commissioner.  Justices are elected by the legislature to 12-year terms.  Chief justices are elected by a majority vote of the other Supreme court justices and serve a four-year term.","The Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.","The collection (not comprehensive) contains oaths of office of Supreme Court justices between 1935 and 2012. The collection also contains the oaths taken by Supreme Court Clerk Maury B. Watts, 1937; Deputy Clerk Bryan L. Clarke, 1957; Clerk Allen L. Lucy, 1977; Attorney General Kenneth C. Patty, 1957; and J. Lindsay Almond, Roanoke (city) Hustings Court judge, 1941.","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n","Virginia. Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00028932\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007"],"collection_ssim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred from the Clerk's office to the State Law Library in 2006.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Judges--Virginia.","Virginia -- Supreme Court -- History -- 20th century.","Clerks of court -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Oaths -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Judges--Virginia.","Virginia -- Supreme Court -- History -- 20th century.","Clerks of court -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Oaths -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["0.45 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Alphabetical.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSection 49-1 of the Code of Virginia requires justices to take an oath as on officer of the Commonwealth.  Pursuant to Section 49-3 of the Code of Virginia, justices may be sworn in by a judge, clerk, or deputy clerk of a court of record; a judge of a district court; the Secretary of the Commonwealth, or a State Corporation Commissioner.  Justices are elected by the legislature to 12-year terms.  Chief justices are elected by a majority vote of the other Supreme court justices and serve a four-year term.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed.","Section 49-1 of the Code of Virginia requires justices to take an oath as on officer of the Commonwealth.  Pursuant to Section 49-3 of the Code of Virginia, justices may be sworn in by a judge, clerk, or deputy clerk of a court of record; a judge of a district court; the Secretary of the Commonwealth, or a State Corporation Commissioner.  Justices are elected by the legislature to 12-year terms.  Chief justices are elected by a majority vote of the other Supreme court justices and serve a four-year term.","The Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSupreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, 1935-1985; 2007, Accession #00028932, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, 1935-1985; 2007, Accession #00028932, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond. \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection (not comprehensive) contains oaths of office of Supreme Court justices between 1935 and 2012. The collection also contains the oaths taken by Supreme Court Clerk Maury B. Watts, 1937; Deputy Clerk Bryan L. Clarke, 1957; Clerk Allen L. Lucy, 1977; Attorney General Kenneth C. Patty, 1957; and J. Lindsay Almond, Roanoke (city) Hustings Court judge, 1941.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection (not comprehensive) contains oaths of office of Supreme Court justices between 1935 and 2012. The collection also contains the oaths taken by Supreme Court Clerk Maury B. Watts, 1937; Deputy Clerk Bryan L. Clarke, 1957; Clerk Allen L. Lucy, 1977; Attorney General Kenneth C. Patty, 1957; and J. Lindsay Almond, Roanoke (city) Hustings Court judge, 1941."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n"],"names_ssim":["Virginia. Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia. Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":27,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:06:01.957Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00003","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00003","_root_":"vil_vil00003","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00003","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00003.xml","title_ssm":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007"],"title_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00028932\n"],"text":["00028932\n","Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007","Judges--Virginia.","Virginia -- Supreme Court -- History -- 20th century.","Clerks of court -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Oaths -- Virginia.","0.45 cu. ft. (1 box)","Collection is open to research.\n","Alphabetical.\n","The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed.","Section 49-1 of the Code of Virginia requires justices to take an oath as on officer of the Commonwealth.  Pursuant to Section 49-3 of the Code of Virginia, justices may be sworn in by a judge, clerk, or deputy clerk of a court of record; a judge of a district court; the Secretary of the Commonwealth, or a State Corporation Commissioner.  Justices are elected by the legislature to 12-year terms.  Chief justices are elected by a majority vote of the other Supreme court justices and serve a four-year term.","The Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.","The collection (not comprehensive) contains oaths of office of Supreme Court justices between 1935 and 2012. The collection also contains the oaths taken by Supreme Court Clerk Maury B. Watts, 1937; Deputy Clerk Bryan L. Clarke, 1957; Clerk Allen L. Lucy, 1977; Attorney General Kenneth C. Patty, 1957; and J. Lindsay Almond, Roanoke (city) Hustings Court judge, 1941.","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n","Virginia. Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00028932\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007"],"collection_title_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007"],"collection_ssim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, \n1935-1985; 2007"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred from the Clerk's office to the State Law Library in 2006.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Judges--Virginia.","Virginia -- Supreme Court -- History -- 20th century.","Clerks of court -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Oaths -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Judges--Virginia.","Virginia -- Supreme Court -- History -- 20th century.","Clerks of court -- Virginia -- 20th century.","Oaths -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["0.45 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Alphabetical.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSection 49-1 of the Code of Virginia requires justices to take an oath as on officer of the Commonwealth.  Pursuant to Section 49-3 of the Code of Virginia, justices may be sworn in by a judge, clerk, or deputy clerk of a court of record; a judge of a district court; the Secretary of the Commonwealth, or a State Corporation Commissioner.  Justices are elected by the legislature to 12-year terms.  Chief justices are elected by a majority vote of the other Supreme court justices and serve a four-year term.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia was created by an act of the new General Assembly in 1779. Although the Supreme Court of Virginia possesses both original and appellate jurisdiction, its primary function is to review decisions of lower courts, including the Court of Appeals, from which appeals have been allowed.","Section 49-1 of the Code of Virginia requires justices to take an oath as on officer of the Commonwealth.  Pursuant to Section 49-3 of the Code of Virginia, justices may be sworn in by a judge, clerk, or deputy clerk of a court of record; a judge of a district court; the Secretary of the Commonwealth, or a State Corporation Commissioner.  Justices are elected by the legislature to 12-year terms.  Chief justices are elected by a majority vote of the other Supreme court justices and serve a four-year term.","The Supreme Court of Virginia Clerk's Office receives, processes, and maintains permanent records of all appeals and other official documents filed with the Court.  The Clerk also maintains records of qualified attorneys and other administrative records."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSupreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, 1935-1985; 2007, Accession #00028932, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oaths of Office, 1935-1985; 2007, Accession #00028932, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond. \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection (not comprehensive) contains oaths of office of Supreme Court justices between 1935 and 2012. The collection also contains the oaths taken by Supreme Court Clerk Maury B. Watts, 1937; Deputy Clerk Bryan L. Clarke, 1957; Clerk Allen L. Lucy, 1977; Attorney General Kenneth C. Patty, 1957; and J. Lindsay Almond, Roanoke (city) Hustings Court judge, 1941.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection (not comprehensive) contains oaths of office of Supreme Court justices between 1935 and 2012. The collection also contains the oaths taken by Supreme Court Clerk Maury B. Watts, 1937; Deputy Clerk Bryan L. Clarke, 1957; Clerk Allen L. Lucy, 1977; Attorney General Kenneth C. Patty, 1957; and J. Lindsay Almond, Roanoke (city) Hustings Court judge, 1941."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n"],"names_ssim":["Virginia. Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia. Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":27,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:06:01.957Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00003"}},{"id":"vil_vil00009","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00009#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Virginia State Law Library.  \n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00009#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Oral history interviews of retired Supreme Court of Virginia justices were conducted for the Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Commission by Arlington County Circuit Judge Joanne F. Alper (1 interview), Norfolk State Professor of History Cassandra Newby-Alexander, State Law Librarian Gail Warren (1 interview), and Connie Doebele (1 interview), beginning in 2007. Interviews have been conducted with the following: Judge G. Steven Agee, Justice Harry L. Carrico, Justice George M. Cochran, Judge Barbara Milano Keenan, Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser, Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr., Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy, Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr., Justice Charles Russell, Justice W. Carrington Thompson, and Justice Henry H. Whiting.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00009#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vil_vil00009","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00009","_root_":"vil_vil00009","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00009","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00009.xml","title_ssm":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-"],"title_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00013640, 00013636, 00018856, 00014536, 00014999, 00018746, 00028942, 00032213, 00032782, 00040432, 00041143 \n"],"text":["00013640, 00013636, 00018856, 00014536, 00014999, 00018746, 00028942, 00032213, 00032782, 00040432, 00041143 \n","Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-","Norfolk (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","African American judges  -- Biographies.","African American judges -- Interviews.","Civil rights -- United States -- History -- 20th century.","Judges -- Virginia -- biographies.","Judges -- Virginia -- interviews.","Segregation in education -- Virginia.","Massive resistance.","Minorities -- Civil rights -- Virginia.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Biographies.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Interviews.","Oral histories (document genre) -- Virginia.","15 mini video cassettes (DV camera) and 4 digital moving image files recorded with HDV camera; 15 transcripts.","Collection is open to research.   \n","The Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Advisory Committee (formerly Commission) was established in 2006 to preserve and promote the history of the court. Oral history interviews of retired Supreme Court justices, Court of Appeals judges, other individuals associated with the court, and civil rights attorneys were begun in 2007.  The project was brought under the auspices of the Virginia State Law Library in 2011 and is ongoing.","Judge G. Steven Agee (b. 1952) was elected to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 2003 and served until 2008, when he was appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. He served on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 2001 to 2003. He was in private practice in Roanoke from 1977 to 2000 and a member of the House of Delegates from 1982 to 1994. Agee was born in Roanoke.","Justice Harry Lee Carrico (b. 1916) was appointed to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1961 and was chief justice from 1981-2003. Before joining the court, he was a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County.  He was an ensign in the he navy during World War II. Carrico was born in Washington D.C. and reared in rural Fauquier and Fairfax counties.","Justice George M. Cochran (1912-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1969-1987. A lifelong resident of Staunton, he was a member of the House of Delegates from 1948 to 1966 and the Virginia Senate from 1966 to 1968.","Barbara M. Keenan  (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1991 to 2010, when she was confirmed as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. She was a judge on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 1985 to 1991. She was the first woman to serve as a circuit and appellate court judge in Virginia. \n","Cynthia D. Kinser (b. 1951) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1997 to 2014, and as chief justice from 2011 to 2014. She was the third woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia and the first woman to serve as chief justice.","Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. (b. 1940) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1995 to 2011, when he took senior status. He was one ten judges who served on the first Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and served on the court until 1995. He was the second chief judge of the court, serving from 1985 to 1993. From 1976 to 1984, Koontz was a circuit court judge in 23rd judicial circuit in Roanoke; from 1968 to 1976, he was a juvenile and domestic relations judge in the general district court in Roanoke.","Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy (b. 1945) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1989 to 2007, when she took senior status. She was the first woman to serve on the court, the first woman to serve as Deputy Attorney General in Virginia, and the first woman to serve as a judge on the State Corporation Commission. Lacy was born in South Carolina and grew up in Wisconsin.  She worked in Texas as a teacher and Assistant Attorney General and Division Chief (1972-1976) before moving to Virginia. She was Virginia Deputy Attorney General, overseeing all civil litigation, from 1982-1985; and Judge, Virginia State Corporation Commission, 1985-1989.","Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr. (b. 1949) served as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2008 to 2015, when he took senior status. He served on the Court of Appeals from 2007 to 2008. Millette was a circuit court judge in Prince William County from 1993 to 2007, a district court judge from 1990 to 1993, and an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Prince William County from 1986 to 1993. As a circuit court judge he presided over two widely publicized criminal trials: John Wayne Bobbitt in 1993 and John Allen Muhammed in 2003.   \n","Justice Charles S. Russell (b. 1926) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1982-1991. He returned to the court as a senior justice in 2004.Russell practiced law in Arlington and Fairfax from 1951 to 1967 and was appointed judge for the 17th Judicial District in 1967. From 1967 to 1982, Russell was a circuit court judge in Fairfax County.  Russell was born in Richmond.  He served in the U.S. Navy in World II and the Korean War.","Justice Roscoe B. Stephenson (1922-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia as justice from 1981 to 1997, when he took senior status. A lifelong resident of Covington, Va., Stephenson practiced law in Covington and was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney and a judge on the 25th judicial circuit before his appointment to the Supreme Court.","Justice John Charles Thomas (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1983-1989. A native of Norfolk, Thomas graduated from the University of Virginia law school in 1975 and worked at Hunton \u0026 Williams law form in Richmond, where he became the first African American to be named partner in a large law firm in the South. When Thomas resigned from the Supreme Court in 1989, he returned to private practice at Hunton \u0026 Williams.","Justice W. Carrington (William Carrington) Thompson (1915-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1980-1983. A native of Chatham, Virginia, he established a law practice there after returning from service in the navy during World War II.  Thompson served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1959 to 1968 and the Virginia State Senate from 1968-1973.  He was a circuit judge before his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia.","Justice Henry H. Whiting (1923-) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1987 to 1995, when he took senior status. Whiting was born in Fort Logan, Colorado, and spent most of his youth in Winchester, Virginia.  He attended Virginia Tech for one year before enlisting in the U.S. Army during World War II. After the war, he attended the University of Virginia and earned a law degree there in 1949.  He practiced law in Winchester, Virginia, for much of his career. In 1980, Whiting was appointed to the 28th Judicial Circuit by Governor John Dalton; in 1987, he was elected by the General Assembly to the Supreme Court of Virginia.","In the interview of Judge G. Steven Agee by Connie Doebele (September 26, 2017, 2 hours, 22 minutes; transcript available), Judge Agee talks about his early life and family, his father's military service in World War II, practicing law in Roanoke, and serving in the House of Delegates.  He discusses changes in Virginia politics in the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in Republican party; and serving as an appellate court judge in the state and federal court system. Agee also discusses his legislative career, including his advocacy of changes in the judicial selection process and the parole system; and the unique sense of history associated with the Supreme Court of Virginia.","In the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Judge Joanne Alper (April 12, 2007, 78 minutes; transcript available), Justice Carrico discusses changes he witnessed during his long tenure on the court, his experiences as a young judge and lawyer in northern Virginia (Alexandria and Fairfax and Prince William counties) in the 1940s and 1950s, his work on the Judicial Conference of the U.S. and his relationships with U.S. Supreme Court justices Warren Burger and William Rehnquist.  Toward the end of the interview, he reflects on his relationships with the justices who were on the Supreme Court of Virginia when he was appointed in 1961, his workflow and opinion-writing processes, the creation of the Office of the Executive Secretary (court administrator), and the appointments of the first African American and women justices to the court.  He also talks about the establishment of the Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and a statewide system of Juvenile and Domestic Relations courts in 1972 and 1973. The interview concludes with a discussion of the founding of the National Center for State Courts in 1971.","In the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 28, 2007, 1 hour, 57 minutes; transcript available), Carrico discusses his family and early life on a dairy farm in rural Fairfax County, his father's work as a billboard artist for the General Outdoor Advertising Company and his business operating a riding stable.  He recalls going to a combined grade school and high school in Bailey's Crossroads and attending Lee-Jackson High School in Fairfax County, and working and attending law school in Washington D.C. He discusses his experience working in contract terminations in the navy during World War II, his work as a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County before and after the war, and his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1961. Toward the end of the interview, Carrico talks about the process of writing opinions, and his decision in Loving v. Commonwealth of Virginia, which upheld the state statute barring interracial marriage in 1967.  He reflects on changes in the court during his tenure, including the appointment of the first African American and women justices, and his recollections of the justices who were on the court when he was appointed in 1961 (Chief Justice John Eggleston, Justice L. Warren I'Anson, Justice Claude V. Spratley, Harold F. Snead). The interview ends with a discussion of Carrico's work for the John Marshall Foundation and his thoughts about the historical importance of Marshall's contributions to the judiciary.","In the interview of Justice George M. Cochran by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (March 30, 2007, 1 hour, 56 minutes; transcript available), Justice Cochran talks about his family's roots in Staunton, his ancestor Alexander H.H. Stuart and Stuart's political career before and after the Civil War.  He reflects on his early life in Staunton, his education at Episcopal High School in Alexandria and at the University of Virginia, and his service in the navy in California and the Pacific during World War II. He discusses being a state legislator  during the 1950s and 1960s and efforts by a younger generation of legislators to repeal the poll tax and segregation laws after World War II.  Cochran also reflects on massive resistance and working to establish a community college system in Virginia. He talks about working with fellow state legislators Armistead Boothe, Mosby G. Perrow, Tayloe Murphy, Mills Godwin, and Albertis Harrison, and Governor Colgate Darden, and Governor Lindsay Almond. Toward the end of the interview, Cochran talks about his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, his friendship with Albertis Harrison when they were both on the court, his thoughts about dissenting from the majority, and making the transition from writing legal briefs to writing judicial opinions. The interview concludes with Cochran's recollections about organizing meetings of the Virginia State Bar Association in England and Scotland, the appointment of the first women and African American justices to the court, and socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond.","In the interview of Judge Barbara Milano Keenan by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 6, 2013, 2 hours, 38 minutes; transcript available), Judge Keenan talks about her family's history and the influence of their experiences as immigrants to West Virginia in the early twentieth century, attending Catholic high school in Arlington, Virginia, and Cornell University during the 1960s; and working at the U.S. Department of Justice while attending law school at George Washington University. She discusses her early career as an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Fairfax County, working as a lawyer in private practice, her first years on the bench as a district and circuit court judge in Fairfax, and her service on the Court of Appeals of Virginia, the Supreme Court of Virginia, and the Fourth Circuit, U.S. Court of Appeals. She also reflects on the experience of being among the first women judges in Virginia and the influences of mentors and colleagues throughout her career.   \n","The interview of Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser was conducted by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander August 16, 2016, at Gentry Locke law firm in Roanoke, Virginia. The recording and transcript of the interview are closed until August 16, 2026.","In the interview of Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. by Gail Warren, State Law Librarian (May 17, 2013, 55 minutes; transcript available), Justice Koontz talks about growing up in Salem, Virginia, attending Virginia Tech and law school at the University of Richmond, and his early years as a lawyer, commonwealth's attorney, and judge in Roanoke. He reflects on the experience of forming rules and procedures for the Court of Appeals, serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia, and changes in the legal profession and the judiciary during his career.","In the interview of Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 15, 2008, 1 hour, 56 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about growing up in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, where her parents owned a business, in the 1950s; her education at Catholic schools in Oshkosh and at St. Mary's College at Notre Dame, and attending law school at the University of Texas in Austin.  She talks about her early legal career working for the Texas Legislative Council and the Texas Attorney General's office, where she became the first woman division chief.  She reflects on the political atmosphere in Texas when she was in law school and in the early years of her legal career, and the influence of women such as Barbara Jordan, Kay Bailey Hutchinson, Sarah Weddington, and others who were elected to public office in Texas in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy recounts moving to Virginia in the late 1970s, her work as Deputy Attorney General under Attorney General Gerald Baliles, her appointment to the State Corporation Commission in 1985 and her work there, and her appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1989.  The interview ends with Lacy's reflections on her early experiences on the court and changes in the court during her tenure.","In the interview of Justice Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (October 8, 2008, 1 hour, 38 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about the appellate court process and the experience of working as a member of a group.  She recalls cases that were particularly memorable involving redistricting, the definition of injury in a medical malpractice suit involving a tubal litigation; and a privacy case pertaining to parents' right to serve alcohol to minors in the privacy of their homes. She also talks about the early use of DNA evidence in Virginia and problems with evidence in death penalty cases.  In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy talks about her work on the Virginia Taskforce on Gender Bias in the Courtroom, her thoughts about gender, feminism, and gender discrimination, her perception of changes in the tone of the court during the period she served, her approach to decision-making in a group, the opinion-writing process, writing techniques, and working with law clerks.  Toward the end of the interview, Justice Lacy reflects on her involvement in professional organizations like the National Association of Women Judges and the American Bar Association, and the importance of being a public advocate for the judicial system.  She talks about the regulatory role of the Supreme Court of Virginia, and her efforts to stay informed of changes in legal education and practice.  The interview concludes with Justice Lacy's reflections on her legacy as the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia.\n","In the interview of Justice Millette by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 16, 2017, 2 hours, 1 minute; transcript available) Millette talks about his family and growing up in Alexandria and Fairfax Virginia, attending the College of William and Mary, establishing a law practice in Prince William County, working as an assistant commonwealth's attorney and becoming a judge. He discusses his experiences presiding over the trial of John Wayne Bobbitt, in 1993, and John Allen Muhammad in 2003; and working as a circuit court and appellate judge.","In the interview of Justice Charles S. Russell by Judge Joanne Alper (April 23, 2007, 68 minutes; transcript available), Russell talks about his experience as a circuit court judge in Arlington County and his tenure on the Supreme Court of Virginia.  He discusses his election to the court by one vote in 1982 and reflects on changes in the Virginia judiciary during his tenure as a justice and senior justice, particularly a greater acceptance of dissent and declining deference toward older justices.  Russell also talks about colorful personalities he remembers from his early years as a member of the Arlington County bar.  He talks about Judge Walter T. McCarthy, who inspired him when he was a child growing up in Arlington.  Russell also reflects on memorable cases and historical events during his career.  The interview closes with Russell's recollection of watching the attack on the Pentagon from his office window in Arlington on September 11, 2001, and his thoughts about the lasting impact of the event.","In the interview of Justice Roscoe B. Stephenson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (April 30, 2007, 1 hour, 27 minutes; transcript available), Justice Stephenson talks about his parents and siblings and growing up in Covington, Virginia, where his father was a lawyer.  He recalls attending Washington and Lee University as an undergraduate and working on a construction project in Hampton and a steamer out of Baltimore during the break between college and law school, after he was discharged from the military on account of a heart murmur.  Stephenson recalls that he was only one of two students attending law school at Washington and Lee University in 1945 because of the war. He talks about returning to Covington after law school, practicing law there with his father in the 1950s, and being Commonwealth's Attorney and a circuit court judge in Alleghany County.  Stephenson reflects on changes in the judiciary beginning in the 1970s, particularly the increase of women, and the appointment of Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman justice, to the court in 1989.  In the second part of the interview, Stephenson talks about his approach to writing opinions and cases that were particularly memorable. He discusses the use of DNA evidence in the Spencer v. Commonwealth of Virginia cases, other death penalty cases, and cases involving rights to mine coal and gas. The interview closes with Stephenson's recollections of his relationships with other justices and law clerks and memories of socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond when the court was in session.          \n","In the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 11, 2007, 2 hours, 21 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thomas discusses his family's roots in the Huntersville neighborhood of Norfolk, growing up in segregated Norfolk, and the influence on him of his parents, grandparents, extended  family, community, school, and church.  He recalls his maternal grandfather, who taught him to recite poetry when he was a young boy, and the minister of the First Baptist Church. He talks about his decision to attend Maury High School, a predominantly white high school in Norfolk, in 1965, and his experiences as a student there; and attending the University of Virginia.  Thomas also reflects on clerking for the Civil Rights Division of the Justice Department one summer when he was a law student, and how this experience helped him in his efforts to secure a position at a large law firm in Virginia after he graduated.  He recounts his early years working at the Richmond law firm Hunton \u0026 Williams, where he did legal work for Virginia Electric and Power Company, and becoming the first African American lawyer to make partner at a white law firm in the South. Toward the end of the interview, Thomas discusses his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia and being the first African American appointed to the court.  He reflects on differences between himself and the other justices, in style, training, and age.  The interview closes with Thomas' thoughts on memorable opinions.   \n","In the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (August 8, 2007, 1 hour, five minutes; transcript available), Thomas talks about his legal career in more detail, from his work as a young lawyer at Hunton \u0026 Williams, to his work as a justice, to his work on appellate cases after returning to private practice at Hunton \u0026 Williams.  He recalls traveling to small courthouses around Virginia and arguing cases before the supreme court as a young lawyer.  Thomas also elaborates on his nomination to the court and adjusting to being an appellate judge. He reflects on the changes he observed when Justice Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman appointed to the court, joined the men on the court, and the generation gap he felt existed between himself and Lacy and the rest of the justices, who were much older. Thomas concludes by talking about the changes he has witnessed during his lifetime and the sacrifices made by Oliver Hill and other pioneering African American lawyers as they worked to change institutions that were resistant to change.   \n","In the interview of Justice W. Carrington Thompson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (November 14, 2007, 1 hour, 32 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thompson talks about his parents and his early life in Chatham, Virginia, particularly the influence of his father; his experiences as a student at Hampden-Sydney College, his professors, his religious education and the importance of his religious faith throughout his life.  He talks about attending law school at the University of Virginia and being in the navy during World War II in the South Pacific.  Thompson recalls his career in Chatham as a lawyer, state legislator, and circuit court judge.  He reflects on the political circumstances of his appointments to the circuit court and Supreme Court of Virginia and his decision to retire after serving only three years.  The interview closes with Thompson's thoughts on writing opinions in two death-penalty cases while he was on the court, his views on the death penalty, and his strict contructionist views on the Constitution and the role of the judiciary.     \n","In the interview of Justice Henry H. Whiting by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (December 12, 2011, 1 hour, 35 minutes; transcript available), Justice Whiting talks about his family, growing up in Winchester, Va., serving in the army during World War II and witnessing the Battle of Remagen, and his thoughts about General George S. Patton, who knew his father and was his godfather; attending college and law school at Virginia Tech and the University of Virginia, and practicing law in Winchester.  Toward the end of interview, he discusses being a circuit judge in Winchester, his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, and serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia.","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.  \n","The interview of Cynthia D. Kinser is closed until August 16, 2026.","Oral history interviews of retired Supreme Court of Virginia justices were conducted for the Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Commission by Arlington County Circuit Judge Joanne F. Alper (1 interview), Norfolk State Professor of History Cassandra Newby-Alexander, State Law Librarian Gail Warren (1 interview), and Connie Doebele (1 interview), beginning in 2007. Interviews have been conducted with the following:  Judge G. Steven Agee, Justice Harry L. Carrico, Justice George M. Cochran, Judge Barbara Milano Keenan, Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser, Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr., Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy, Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr., Justice Charles Russell, Justice W. Carrington Thompson, and Justice Henry H. Whiting.","Virginia -- Supreme Court -- Historical Commission.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Historical Commission.","Agee, G. Steven.","Alper, Joanne F.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-2013.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Doebele, Connie.","Hill, Oliver White, 1907-2007.","Kinser, Cynthia D., 1951-Hill, Oliver White, 1907-2007.","Millette, LeRoy Francis, Jr., 1949-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Newby-Alexander, Cassandra, 1956-.","Patton, George S., 1885-1945.","Russell, Charles S., 1926-.","Thompson, William Carrington, 1915-2011.","Tucker, Samuel Wilbert, 1913-1990.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00013640, 00013636, 00018856, 00014536, 00014999, 00018746, 00028942, 00032213, 00032782, 00040432, 00041143 \n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-"],"collection_title_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-"],"collection_ssim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century."],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century."],"creator_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library.  \n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library.  \n"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The interviews were created for the Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, 2007-2018. In 2016, copies of interviews conducted from 2007-2016 were donated to the Library of Virginia for longterm preservation and access.    \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American judges  -- Biographies.","African American judges -- Interviews.","Civil rights -- United States -- History -- 20th century.","Judges -- Virginia -- biographies.","Judges -- Virginia -- interviews.","Segregation in education -- Virginia.","Massive resistance.","Minorities -- Civil rights -- Virginia.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Biographies.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Interviews.","Oral histories (document genre) -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American judges  -- Biographies.","African American judges -- Interviews.","Civil rights -- United States -- History -- 20th century.","Judges -- Virginia -- biographies.","Judges -- Virginia -- interviews.","Segregation in education -- Virginia.","Massive resistance.","Minorities -- Civil rights -- Virginia.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Biographies.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Interviews.","Oral histories (document genre) -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["15 mini video cassettes (DV camera) and 4 digital moving image files recorded with HDV camera; 15 transcripts."],"genreform_ssim":["Oral histories (document genre) -- Virginia."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.   \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.   \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Advisory Committee (formerly Commission) was established in 2006 to preserve and promote the history of the court. Oral history interviews of retired Supreme Court justices, Court of Appeals judges, other individuals associated with the court, and civil rights attorneys were begun in 2007.  The project was brought under the auspices of the Virginia State Law Library in 2011 and is ongoing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJudge G. Steven Agee (b. 1952) was elected to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 2003 and served until 2008, when he was appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. He served on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 2001 to 2003. He was in private practice in Roanoke from 1977 to 2000 and a member of the House of Delegates from 1982 to 1994. Agee was born in Roanoke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Harry Lee Carrico (b. 1916) was appointed to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1961 and was chief justice from 1981-2003. Before joining the court, he was a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County.  He was an ensign in the he navy during World War II. Carrico was born in Washington D.C. and reared in rural Fauquier and Fairfax counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice George M. Cochran (1912-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1969-1987. A lifelong resident of Staunton, he was a member of the House of Delegates from 1948 to 1966 and the Virginia Senate from 1966 to 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarbara M. Keenan  (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1991 to 2010, when she was confirmed as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. She was a judge on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 1985 to 1991. She was the first woman to serve as a circuit and appellate court judge in Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCynthia D. Kinser (b. 1951) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1997 to 2014, and as chief justice from 2011 to 2014. She was the third woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia and the first woman to serve as chief justice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. (b. 1940) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1995 to 2011, when he took senior status. He was one ten judges who served on the first Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and served on the court until 1995. He was the second chief judge of the court, serving from 1985 to 1993. From 1976 to 1984, Koontz was a circuit court judge in 23rd judicial circuit in Roanoke; from 1968 to 1976, he was a juvenile and domestic relations judge in the general district court in Roanoke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Elizabeth B. Lacy (b. 1945) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1989 to 2007, when she took senior status. She was the first woman to serve on the court, the first woman to serve as Deputy Attorney General in Virginia, and the first woman to serve as a judge on the State Corporation Commission. Lacy was born in South Carolina and grew up in Wisconsin.  She worked in Texas as a teacher and Assistant Attorney General and Division Chief (1972-1976) before moving to Virginia. She was Virginia Deputy Attorney General, overseeing all civil litigation, from 1982-1985; and Judge, Virginia State Corporation Commission, 1985-1989.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr. (b. 1949) served as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2008 to 2015, when he took senior status. He served on the Court of Appeals from 2007 to 2008. Millette was a circuit court judge in Prince William County from 1993 to 2007, a district court judge from 1990 to 1993, and an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Prince William County from 1986 to 1993. As a circuit court judge he presided over two widely publicized criminal trials: John Wayne Bobbitt in 1993 and John Allen Muhammed in 2003.   \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Charles S. Russell (b. 1926) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1982-1991. He returned to the court as a senior justice in 2004.Russell practiced law in Arlington and Fairfax from 1951 to 1967 and was appointed judge for the 17th Judicial District in 1967. From 1967 to 1982, Russell was a circuit court judge in Fairfax County.  Russell was born in Richmond.  He served in the U.S. Navy in World II and the Korean War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Roscoe B. Stephenson (1922-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia as justice from 1981 to 1997, when he took senior status. A lifelong resident of Covington, Va., Stephenson practiced law in Covington and was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney and a judge on the 25th judicial circuit before his appointment to the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice John Charles Thomas (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1983-1989. A native of Norfolk, Thomas graduated from the University of Virginia law school in 1975 and worked at Hunton \u0026amp; Williams law form in Richmond, where he became the first African American to be named partner in a large law firm in the South. When Thomas resigned from the Supreme Court in 1989, he returned to private practice at Hunton \u0026amp; Williams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice W. Carrington (William Carrington) Thompson (1915-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1980-1983. A native of Chatham, Virginia, he established a law practice there after returning from service in the navy during World War II.  Thompson served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1959 to 1968 and the Virginia State Senate from 1968-1973.  He was a circuit judge before his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Henry H. Whiting (1923-) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1987 to 1995, when he took senior status. Whiting was born in Fort Logan, Colorado, and spent most of his youth in Winchester, Virginia.  He attended Virginia Tech for one year before enlisting in the U.S. Army during World War II. After the war, he attended the University of Virginia and earned a law degree there in 1949.  He practiced law in Winchester, Virginia, for much of his career. In 1980, Whiting was appointed to the 28th Judicial Circuit by Governor John Dalton; in 1987, he was elected by the General Assembly to the Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Advisory Committee (formerly Commission) was established in 2006 to preserve and promote the history of the court. Oral history interviews of retired Supreme Court justices, Court of Appeals judges, other individuals associated with the court, and civil rights attorneys were begun in 2007.  The project was brought under the auspices of the Virginia State Law Library in 2011 and is ongoing.","Judge G. Steven Agee (b. 1952) was elected to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 2003 and served until 2008, when he was appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. He served on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 2001 to 2003. He was in private practice in Roanoke from 1977 to 2000 and a member of the House of Delegates from 1982 to 1994. Agee was born in Roanoke.","Justice Harry Lee Carrico (b. 1916) was appointed to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1961 and was chief justice from 1981-2003. Before joining the court, he was a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County.  He was an ensign in the he navy during World War II. Carrico was born in Washington D.C. and reared in rural Fauquier and Fairfax counties.","Justice George M. Cochran (1912-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1969-1987. A lifelong resident of Staunton, he was a member of the House of Delegates from 1948 to 1966 and the Virginia Senate from 1966 to 1968.","Barbara M. Keenan  (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1991 to 2010, when she was confirmed as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. She was a judge on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 1985 to 1991. She was the first woman to serve as a circuit and appellate court judge in Virginia. \n","Cynthia D. Kinser (b. 1951) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1997 to 2014, and as chief justice from 2011 to 2014. She was the third woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia and the first woman to serve as chief justice.","Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. (b. 1940) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1995 to 2011, when he took senior status. He was one ten judges who served on the first Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and served on the court until 1995. He was the second chief judge of the court, serving from 1985 to 1993. From 1976 to 1984, Koontz was a circuit court judge in 23rd judicial circuit in Roanoke; from 1968 to 1976, he was a juvenile and domestic relations judge in the general district court in Roanoke.","Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy (b. 1945) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1989 to 2007, when she took senior status. She was the first woman to serve on the court, the first woman to serve as Deputy Attorney General in Virginia, and the first woman to serve as a judge on the State Corporation Commission. Lacy was born in South Carolina and grew up in Wisconsin.  She worked in Texas as a teacher and Assistant Attorney General and Division Chief (1972-1976) before moving to Virginia. She was Virginia Deputy Attorney General, overseeing all civil litigation, from 1982-1985; and Judge, Virginia State Corporation Commission, 1985-1989.","Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr. (b. 1949) served as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2008 to 2015, when he took senior status. He served on the Court of Appeals from 2007 to 2008. Millette was a circuit court judge in Prince William County from 1993 to 2007, a district court judge from 1990 to 1993, and an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Prince William County from 1986 to 1993. As a circuit court judge he presided over two widely publicized criminal trials: John Wayne Bobbitt in 1993 and John Allen Muhammed in 2003.   \n","Justice Charles S. Russell (b. 1926) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1982-1991. He returned to the court as a senior justice in 2004.Russell practiced law in Arlington and Fairfax from 1951 to 1967 and was appointed judge for the 17th Judicial District in 1967. From 1967 to 1982, Russell was a circuit court judge in Fairfax County.  Russell was born in Richmond.  He served in the U.S. Navy in World II and the Korean War.","Justice Roscoe B. Stephenson (1922-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia as justice from 1981 to 1997, when he took senior status. A lifelong resident of Covington, Va., Stephenson practiced law in Covington and was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney and a judge on the 25th judicial circuit before his appointment to the Supreme Court.","Justice John Charles Thomas (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1983-1989. A native of Norfolk, Thomas graduated from the University of Virginia law school in 1975 and worked at Hunton \u0026 Williams law form in Richmond, where he became the first African American to be named partner in a large law firm in the South. When Thomas resigned from the Supreme Court in 1989, he returned to private practice at Hunton \u0026 Williams.","Justice W. Carrington (William Carrington) Thompson (1915-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1980-1983. A native of Chatham, Virginia, he established a law practice there after returning from service in the navy during World War II.  Thompson served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1959 to 1968 and the Virginia State Senate from 1968-1973.  He was a circuit judge before his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia.","Justice Henry H. Whiting (1923-) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1987 to 1995, when he took senior status. Whiting was born in Fort Logan, Colorado, and spent most of his youth in Winchester, Virginia.  He attended Virginia Tech for one year before enlisting in the U.S. Army during World War II. After the war, he attended the University of Virginia and earned a law degree there in 1949.  He practiced law in Winchester, Virginia, for much of his career. In 1980, Whiting was appointed to the 28th Judicial Circuit by Governor John Dalton; in 1987, he was elected by the General Assembly to the Supreme Court of Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSupreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews, 2007-2018, Accession numbers  00013640, 00013636, 00018856, 00014536, 00014999, 00018746, 00028942,00032213,00032782, 00040432, 00041143, and 00042014. Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews, 2007-2018, Accession numbers  00013640, 00013636, 00018856, 00014536, 00014999, 00018746, 00028942,00032213,00032782, 00040432, 00041143, and 00042014. Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Judge G. Steven Agee by Connie Doebele (September 26, 2017, 2 hours, 22 minutes; transcript available), Judge Agee talks about his early life and family, his father's military service in World War II, practicing law in Roanoke, and serving in the House of Delegates.  He discusses changes in Virginia politics in the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in Republican party; and serving as an appellate court judge in the state and federal court system. Agee also discusses his legislative career, including his advocacy of changes in the judicial selection process and the parole system; and the unique sense of history associated with the Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Judge Joanne Alper (April 12, 2007, 78 minutes; transcript available), Justice Carrico discusses changes he witnessed during his long tenure on the court, his experiences as a young judge and lawyer in northern Virginia (Alexandria and Fairfax and Prince William counties) in the 1940s and 1950s, his work on the Judicial Conference of the U.S. and his relationships with U.S. Supreme Court justices Warren Burger and William Rehnquist.  Toward the end of the interview, he reflects on his relationships with the justices who were on the Supreme Court of Virginia when he was appointed in 1961, his workflow and opinion-writing processes, the creation of the Office of the Executive Secretary (court administrator), and the appointments of the first African American and women justices to the court.  He also talks about the establishment of the Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and a statewide system of Juvenile and Domestic Relations courts in 1972 and 1973. The interview concludes with a discussion of the founding of the National Center for State Courts in 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 28, 2007, 1 hour, 57 minutes; transcript available), Carrico discusses his family and early life on a dairy farm in rural Fairfax County, his father's work as a billboard artist for the General Outdoor Advertising Company and his business operating a riding stable.  He recalls going to a combined grade school and high school in Bailey's Crossroads and attending Lee-Jackson High School in Fairfax County, and working and attending law school in Washington D.C. He discusses his experience working in contract terminations in the navy during World War II, his work as a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County before and after the war, and his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1961. Toward the end of the interview, Carrico talks about the process of writing opinions, and his decision in Loving v. Commonwealth of Virginia, which upheld the state statute barring interracial marriage in 1967.  He reflects on changes in the court during his tenure, including the appointment of the first African American and women justices, and his recollections of the justices who were on the court when he was appointed in 1961 (Chief Justice John Eggleston, Justice L. Warren I'Anson, Justice Claude V. Spratley, Harold F. Snead). The interview ends with a discussion of Carrico's work for the John Marshall Foundation and his thoughts about the historical importance of Marshall's contributions to the judiciary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice George M. Cochran by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (March 30, 2007, 1 hour, 56 minutes; transcript available), Justice Cochran talks about his family's roots in Staunton, his ancestor Alexander H.H. Stuart and Stuart's political career before and after the Civil War.  He reflects on his early life in Staunton, his education at Episcopal High School in Alexandria and at the University of Virginia, and his service in the navy in California and the Pacific during World War II. He discusses being a state legislator  during the 1950s and 1960s and efforts by a younger generation of legislators to repeal the poll tax and segregation laws after World War II.  Cochran also reflects on massive resistance and working to establish a community college system in Virginia. He talks about working with fellow state legislators Armistead Boothe, Mosby G. Perrow, Tayloe Murphy, Mills Godwin, and Albertis Harrison, and Governor Colgate Darden, and Governor Lindsay Almond. Toward the end of the interview, Cochran talks about his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, his friendship with Albertis Harrison when they were both on the court, his thoughts about dissenting from the majority, and making the transition from writing legal briefs to writing judicial opinions. The interview concludes with Cochran's recollections about organizing meetings of the Virginia State Bar Association in England and Scotland, the appointment of the first women and African American justices to the court, and socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Judge Barbara Milano Keenan by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 6, 2013, 2 hours, 38 minutes; transcript available), Judge Keenan talks about her family's history and the influence of their experiences as immigrants to West Virginia in the early twentieth century, attending Catholic high school in Arlington, Virginia, and Cornell University during the 1960s; and working at the U.S. Department of Justice while attending law school at George Washington University. She discusses her early career as an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Fairfax County, working as a lawyer in private practice, her first years on the bench as a district and circuit court judge in Fairfax, and her service on the Court of Appeals of Virginia, the Supreme Court of Virginia, and the Fourth Circuit, U.S. Court of Appeals. She also reflects on the experience of being among the first women judges in Virginia and the influences of mentors and colleagues throughout her career.   \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview of Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser was conducted by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander August 16, 2016, at Gentry Locke law firm in Roanoke, Virginia. The recording and transcript of the interview are closed until August 16, 2026.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. by Gail Warren, State Law Librarian (May 17, 2013, 55 minutes; transcript available), Justice Koontz talks about growing up in Salem, Virginia, attending Virginia Tech and law school at the University of Richmond, and his early years as a lawyer, commonwealth's attorney, and judge in Roanoke. He reflects on the experience of forming rules and procedures for the Court of Appeals, serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia, and changes in the legal profession and the judiciary during his career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 15, 2008, 1 hour, 56 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about growing up in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, where her parents owned a business, in the 1950s; her education at Catholic schools in Oshkosh and at St. Mary's College at Notre Dame, and attending law school at the University of Texas in Austin.  She talks about her early legal career working for the Texas Legislative Council and the Texas Attorney General's office, where she became the first woman division chief.  She reflects on the political atmosphere in Texas when she was in law school and in the early years of her legal career, and the influence of women such as Barbara Jordan, Kay Bailey Hutchinson, Sarah Weddington, and others who were elected to public office in Texas in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy recounts moving to Virginia in the late 1970s, her work as Deputy Attorney General under Attorney General Gerald Baliles, her appointment to the State Corporation Commission in 1985 and her work there, and her appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1989.  The interview ends with Lacy's reflections on her early experiences on the court and changes in the court during her tenure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (October 8, 2008, 1 hour, 38 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about the appellate court process and the experience of working as a member of a group.  She recalls cases that were particularly memorable involving redistricting, the definition of injury in a medical malpractice suit involving a tubal litigation; and a privacy case pertaining to parents' right to serve alcohol to minors in the privacy of their homes. She also talks about the early use of DNA evidence in Virginia and problems with evidence in death penalty cases.  In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy talks about her work on the Virginia Taskforce on Gender Bias in the Courtroom, her thoughts about gender, feminism, and gender discrimination, her perception of changes in the tone of the court during the period she served, her approach to decision-making in a group, the opinion-writing process, writing techniques, and working with law clerks.  Toward the end of the interview, Justice Lacy reflects on her involvement in professional organizations like the National Association of Women Judges and the American Bar Association, and the importance of being a public advocate for the judicial system.  She talks about the regulatory role of the Supreme Court of Virginia, and her efforts to stay informed of changes in legal education and practice.  The interview concludes with Justice Lacy's reflections on her legacy as the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Millette by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 16, 2017, 2 hours, 1 minute; transcript available) Millette talks about his family and growing up in Alexandria and Fairfax Virginia, attending the College of William and Mary, establishing a law practice in Prince William County, working as an assistant commonwealth's attorney and becoming a judge. He discusses his experiences presiding over the trial of John Wayne Bobbitt, in 1993, and John Allen Muhammad in 2003; and working as a circuit court and appellate judge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Charles S. Russell by Judge Joanne Alper (April 23, 2007, 68 minutes; transcript available), Russell talks about his experience as a circuit court judge in Arlington County and his tenure on the Supreme Court of Virginia.  He discusses his election to the court by one vote in 1982 and reflects on changes in the Virginia judiciary during his tenure as a justice and senior justice, particularly a greater acceptance of dissent and declining deference toward older justices.  Russell also talks about colorful personalities he remembers from his early years as a member of the Arlington County bar.  He talks about Judge Walter T. McCarthy, who inspired him when he was a child growing up in Arlington.  Russell also reflects on memorable cases and historical events during his career.  The interview closes with Russell's recollection of watching the attack on the Pentagon from his office window in Arlington on September 11, 2001, and his thoughts about the lasting impact of the event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Roscoe B. Stephenson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (April 30, 2007, 1 hour, 27 minutes; transcript available), Justice Stephenson talks about his parents and siblings and growing up in Covington, Virginia, where his father was a lawyer.  He recalls attending Washington and Lee University as an undergraduate and working on a construction project in Hampton and a steamer out of Baltimore during the break between college and law school, after he was discharged from the military on account of a heart murmur.  Stephenson recalls that he was only one of two students attending law school at Washington and Lee University in 1945 because of the war. He talks about returning to Covington after law school, practicing law there with his father in the 1950s, and being Commonwealth's Attorney and a circuit court judge in Alleghany County.  Stephenson reflects on changes in the judiciary beginning in the 1970s, particularly the increase of women, and the appointment of Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman justice, to the court in 1989.  In the second part of the interview, Stephenson talks about his approach to writing opinions and cases that were particularly memorable. He discusses the use of DNA evidence in the Spencer v. Commonwealth of Virginia cases, other death penalty cases, and cases involving rights to mine coal and gas. The interview closes with Stephenson's recollections of his relationships with other justices and law clerks and memories of socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond when the court was in session.          \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 11, 2007, 2 hours, 21 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thomas discusses his family's roots in the Huntersville neighborhood of Norfolk, growing up in segregated Norfolk, and the influence on him of his parents, grandparents, extended  family, community, school, and church.  He recalls his maternal grandfather, who taught him to recite poetry when he was a young boy, and the minister of the First Baptist Church. He talks about his decision to attend Maury High School, a predominantly white high school in Norfolk, in 1965, and his experiences as a student there; and attending the University of Virginia.  Thomas also reflects on clerking for the Civil Rights Division of the Justice Department one summer when he was a law student, and how this experience helped him in his efforts to secure a position at a large law firm in Virginia after he graduated.  He recounts his early years working at the Richmond law firm Hunton \u0026amp; Williams, where he did legal work for Virginia Electric and Power Company, and becoming the first African American lawyer to make partner at a white law firm in the South. Toward the end of the interview, Thomas discusses his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia and being the first African American appointed to the court.  He reflects on differences between himself and the other justices, in style, training, and age.  The interview closes with Thomas' thoughts on memorable opinions.   \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (August 8, 2007, 1 hour, five minutes; transcript available), Thomas talks about his legal career in more detail, from his work as a young lawyer at Hunton \u0026amp; Williams, to his work as a justice, to his work on appellate cases after returning to private practice at Hunton \u0026amp; Williams.  He recalls traveling to small courthouses around Virginia and arguing cases before the supreme court as a young lawyer.  Thomas also elaborates on his nomination to the court and adjusting to being an appellate judge. He reflects on the changes he observed when Justice Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman appointed to the court, joined the men on the court, and the generation gap he felt existed between himself and Lacy and the rest of the justices, who were much older. Thomas concludes by talking about the changes he has witnessed during his lifetime and the sacrifices made by Oliver Hill and other pioneering African American lawyers as they worked to change institutions that were resistant to change.   \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice W. Carrington Thompson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (November 14, 2007, 1 hour, 32 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thompson talks about his parents and his early life in Chatham, Virginia, particularly the influence of his father; his experiences as a student at Hampden-Sydney College, his professors, his religious education and the importance of his religious faith throughout his life.  He talks about attending law school at the University of Virginia and being in the navy during World War II in the South Pacific.  Thompson recalls his career in Chatham as a lawyer, state legislator, and circuit court judge.  He reflects on the political circumstances of his appointments to the circuit court and Supreme Court of Virginia and his decision to retire after serving only three years.  The interview closes with Thompson's thoughts on writing opinions in two death-penalty cases while he was on the court, his views on the death penalty, and his strict contructionist views on the Constitution and the role of the judiciary.     \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Henry H. Whiting by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (December 12, 2011, 1 hour, 35 minutes; transcript available), Justice Whiting talks about his family, growing up in Winchester, Va., serving in the army during World War II and witnessing the Battle of Remagen, and his thoughts about General George S. Patton, who knew his father and was his godfather; attending college and law school at Virginia Tech and the University of Virginia, and practicing law in Winchester.  Toward the end of interview, he discusses being a circuit judge in Winchester, his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, and serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["In the interview of Judge G. Steven Agee by Connie Doebele (September 26, 2017, 2 hours, 22 minutes; transcript available), Judge Agee talks about his early life and family, his father's military service in World War II, practicing law in Roanoke, and serving in the House of Delegates.  He discusses changes in Virginia politics in the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in Republican party; and serving as an appellate court judge in the state and federal court system. Agee also discusses his legislative career, including his advocacy of changes in the judicial selection process and the parole system; and the unique sense of history associated with the Supreme Court of Virginia.","In the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Judge Joanne Alper (April 12, 2007, 78 minutes; transcript available), Justice Carrico discusses changes he witnessed during his long tenure on the court, his experiences as a young judge and lawyer in northern Virginia (Alexandria and Fairfax and Prince William counties) in the 1940s and 1950s, his work on the Judicial Conference of the U.S. and his relationships with U.S. Supreme Court justices Warren Burger and William Rehnquist.  Toward the end of the interview, he reflects on his relationships with the justices who were on the Supreme Court of Virginia when he was appointed in 1961, his workflow and opinion-writing processes, the creation of the Office of the Executive Secretary (court administrator), and the appointments of the first African American and women justices to the court.  He also talks about the establishment of the Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and a statewide system of Juvenile and Domestic Relations courts in 1972 and 1973. The interview concludes with a discussion of the founding of the National Center for State Courts in 1971.","In the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 28, 2007, 1 hour, 57 minutes; transcript available), Carrico discusses his family and early life on a dairy farm in rural Fairfax County, his father's work as a billboard artist for the General Outdoor Advertising Company and his business operating a riding stable.  He recalls going to a combined grade school and high school in Bailey's Crossroads and attending Lee-Jackson High School in Fairfax County, and working and attending law school in Washington D.C. He discusses his experience working in contract terminations in the navy during World War II, his work as a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County before and after the war, and his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1961. Toward the end of the interview, Carrico talks about the process of writing opinions, and his decision in Loving v. Commonwealth of Virginia, which upheld the state statute barring interracial marriage in 1967.  He reflects on changes in the court during his tenure, including the appointment of the first African American and women justices, and his recollections of the justices who were on the court when he was appointed in 1961 (Chief Justice John Eggleston, Justice L. Warren I'Anson, Justice Claude V. Spratley, Harold F. Snead). The interview ends with a discussion of Carrico's work for the John Marshall Foundation and his thoughts about the historical importance of Marshall's contributions to the judiciary.","In the interview of Justice George M. Cochran by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (March 30, 2007, 1 hour, 56 minutes; transcript available), Justice Cochran talks about his family's roots in Staunton, his ancestor Alexander H.H. Stuart and Stuart's political career before and after the Civil War.  He reflects on his early life in Staunton, his education at Episcopal High School in Alexandria and at the University of Virginia, and his service in the navy in California and the Pacific during World War II. He discusses being a state legislator  during the 1950s and 1960s and efforts by a younger generation of legislators to repeal the poll tax and segregation laws after World War II.  Cochran also reflects on massive resistance and working to establish a community college system in Virginia. He talks about working with fellow state legislators Armistead Boothe, Mosby G. Perrow, Tayloe Murphy, Mills Godwin, and Albertis Harrison, and Governor Colgate Darden, and Governor Lindsay Almond. Toward the end of the interview, Cochran talks about his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, his friendship with Albertis Harrison when they were both on the court, his thoughts about dissenting from the majority, and making the transition from writing legal briefs to writing judicial opinions. The interview concludes with Cochran's recollections about organizing meetings of the Virginia State Bar Association in England and Scotland, the appointment of the first women and African American justices to the court, and socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond.","In the interview of Judge Barbara Milano Keenan by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 6, 2013, 2 hours, 38 minutes; transcript available), Judge Keenan talks about her family's history and the influence of their experiences as immigrants to West Virginia in the early twentieth century, attending Catholic high school in Arlington, Virginia, and Cornell University during the 1960s; and working at the U.S. Department of Justice while attending law school at George Washington University. She discusses her early career as an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Fairfax County, working as a lawyer in private practice, her first years on the bench as a district and circuit court judge in Fairfax, and her service on the Court of Appeals of Virginia, the Supreme Court of Virginia, and the Fourth Circuit, U.S. Court of Appeals. She also reflects on the experience of being among the first women judges in Virginia and the influences of mentors and colleagues throughout her career.   \n","The interview of Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser was conducted by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander August 16, 2016, at Gentry Locke law firm in Roanoke, Virginia. The recording and transcript of the interview are closed until August 16, 2026.","In the interview of Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. by Gail Warren, State Law Librarian (May 17, 2013, 55 minutes; transcript available), Justice Koontz talks about growing up in Salem, Virginia, attending Virginia Tech and law school at the University of Richmond, and his early years as a lawyer, commonwealth's attorney, and judge in Roanoke. He reflects on the experience of forming rules and procedures for the Court of Appeals, serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia, and changes in the legal profession and the judiciary during his career.","In the interview of Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 15, 2008, 1 hour, 56 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about growing up in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, where her parents owned a business, in the 1950s; her education at Catholic schools in Oshkosh and at St. Mary's College at Notre Dame, and attending law school at the University of Texas in Austin.  She talks about her early legal career working for the Texas Legislative Council and the Texas Attorney General's office, where she became the first woman division chief.  She reflects on the political atmosphere in Texas when she was in law school and in the early years of her legal career, and the influence of women such as Barbara Jordan, Kay Bailey Hutchinson, Sarah Weddington, and others who were elected to public office in Texas in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy recounts moving to Virginia in the late 1970s, her work as Deputy Attorney General under Attorney General Gerald Baliles, her appointment to the State Corporation Commission in 1985 and her work there, and her appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1989.  The interview ends with Lacy's reflections on her early experiences on the court and changes in the court during her tenure.","In the interview of Justice Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (October 8, 2008, 1 hour, 38 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about the appellate court process and the experience of working as a member of a group.  She recalls cases that were particularly memorable involving redistricting, the definition of injury in a medical malpractice suit involving a tubal litigation; and a privacy case pertaining to parents' right to serve alcohol to minors in the privacy of their homes. She also talks about the early use of DNA evidence in Virginia and problems with evidence in death penalty cases.  In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy talks about her work on the Virginia Taskforce on Gender Bias in the Courtroom, her thoughts about gender, feminism, and gender discrimination, her perception of changes in the tone of the court during the period she served, her approach to decision-making in a group, the opinion-writing process, writing techniques, and working with law clerks.  Toward the end of the interview, Justice Lacy reflects on her involvement in professional organizations like the National Association of Women Judges and the American Bar Association, and the importance of being a public advocate for the judicial system.  She talks about the regulatory role of the Supreme Court of Virginia, and her efforts to stay informed of changes in legal education and practice.  The interview concludes with Justice Lacy's reflections on her legacy as the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia.\n","In the interview of Justice Millette by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 16, 2017, 2 hours, 1 minute; transcript available) Millette talks about his family and growing up in Alexandria and Fairfax Virginia, attending the College of William and Mary, establishing a law practice in Prince William County, working as an assistant commonwealth's attorney and becoming a judge. He discusses his experiences presiding over the trial of John Wayne Bobbitt, in 1993, and John Allen Muhammad in 2003; and working as a circuit court and appellate judge.","In the interview of Justice Charles S. Russell by Judge Joanne Alper (April 23, 2007, 68 minutes; transcript available), Russell talks about his experience as a circuit court judge in Arlington County and his tenure on the Supreme Court of Virginia.  He discusses his election to the court by one vote in 1982 and reflects on changes in the Virginia judiciary during his tenure as a justice and senior justice, particularly a greater acceptance of dissent and declining deference toward older justices.  Russell also talks about colorful personalities he remembers from his early years as a member of the Arlington County bar.  He talks about Judge Walter T. McCarthy, who inspired him when he was a child growing up in Arlington.  Russell also reflects on memorable cases and historical events during his career.  The interview closes with Russell's recollection of watching the attack on the Pentagon from his office window in Arlington on September 11, 2001, and his thoughts about the lasting impact of the event.","In the interview of Justice Roscoe B. Stephenson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (April 30, 2007, 1 hour, 27 minutes; transcript available), Justice Stephenson talks about his parents and siblings and growing up in Covington, Virginia, where his father was a lawyer.  He recalls attending Washington and Lee University as an undergraduate and working on a construction project in Hampton and a steamer out of Baltimore during the break between college and law school, after he was discharged from the military on account of a heart murmur.  Stephenson recalls that he was only one of two students attending law school at Washington and Lee University in 1945 because of the war. He talks about returning to Covington after law school, practicing law there with his father in the 1950s, and being Commonwealth's Attorney and a circuit court judge in Alleghany County.  Stephenson reflects on changes in the judiciary beginning in the 1970s, particularly the increase of women, and the appointment of Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman justice, to the court in 1989.  In the second part of the interview, Stephenson talks about his approach to writing opinions and cases that were particularly memorable. He discusses the use of DNA evidence in the Spencer v. Commonwealth of Virginia cases, other death penalty cases, and cases involving rights to mine coal and gas. The interview closes with Stephenson's recollections of his relationships with other justices and law clerks and memories of socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond when the court was in session.          \n","In the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 11, 2007, 2 hours, 21 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thomas discusses his family's roots in the Huntersville neighborhood of Norfolk, growing up in segregated Norfolk, and the influence on him of his parents, grandparents, extended  family, community, school, and church.  He recalls his maternal grandfather, who taught him to recite poetry when he was a young boy, and the minister of the First Baptist Church. He talks about his decision to attend Maury High School, a predominantly white high school in Norfolk, in 1965, and his experiences as a student there; and attending the University of Virginia.  Thomas also reflects on clerking for the Civil Rights Division of the Justice Department one summer when he was a law student, and how this experience helped him in his efforts to secure a position at a large law firm in Virginia after he graduated.  He recounts his early years working at the Richmond law firm Hunton \u0026 Williams, where he did legal work for Virginia Electric and Power Company, and becoming the first African American lawyer to make partner at a white law firm in the South. Toward the end of the interview, Thomas discusses his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia and being the first African American appointed to the court.  He reflects on differences between himself and the other justices, in style, training, and age.  The interview closes with Thomas' thoughts on memorable opinions.   \n","In the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (August 8, 2007, 1 hour, five minutes; transcript available), Thomas talks about his legal career in more detail, from his work as a young lawyer at Hunton \u0026 Williams, to his work as a justice, to his work on appellate cases after returning to private practice at Hunton \u0026 Williams.  He recalls traveling to small courthouses around Virginia and arguing cases before the supreme court as a young lawyer.  Thomas also elaborates on his nomination to the court and adjusting to being an appellate judge. He reflects on the changes he observed when Justice Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman appointed to the court, joined the men on the court, and the generation gap he felt existed between himself and Lacy and the rest of the justices, who were much older. Thomas concludes by talking about the changes he has witnessed during his lifetime and the sacrifices made by Oliver Hill and other pioneering African American lawyers as they worked to change institutions that were resistant to change.   \n","In the interview of Justice W. Carrington Thompson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (November 14, 2007, 1 hour, 32 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thompson talks about his parents and his early life in Chatham, Virginia, particularly the influence of his father; his experiences as a student at Hampden-Sydney College, his professors, his religious education and the importance of his religious faith throughout his life.  He talks about attending law school at the University of Virginia and being in the navy during World War II in the South Pacific.  Thompson recalls his career in Chatham as a lawyer, state legislator, and circuit court judge.  He reflects on the political circumstances of his appointments to the circuit court and Supreme Court of Virginia and his decision to retire after serving only three years.  The interview closes with Thompson's thoughts on writing opinions in two death-penalty cases while he was on the court, his views on the death penalty, and his strict contructionist views on the Constitution and the role of the judiciary.     \n","In the interview of Justice Henry H. Whiting by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (December 12, 2011, 1 hour, 35 minutes; transcript available), Justice Whiting talks about his family, growing up in Winchester, Va., serving in the army during World War II and witnessing the Battle of Remagen, and his thoughts about General George S. Patton, who knew his father and was his godfather; attending college and law school at Virginia Tech and the University of Virginia, and practicing law in Winchester.  Toward the end of interview, he discusses being a circuit judge in Winchester, his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, and serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.  \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview of Cynthia D. Kinser is closed until August 16, 2026.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.  \n","The interview of Cynthia D. Kinser is closed until August 16, 2026."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eOral history interviews of retired Supreme Court of Virginia justices were conducted for the Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Commission by Arlington County Circuit Judge Joanne F. Alper (1 interview), Norfolk State Professor of History Cassandra Newby-Alexander, State Law Librarian Gail Warren (1 interview), and Connie Doebele (1 interview), beginning in 2007. Interviews have been conducted with the following:  Judge G. Steven Agee, Justice Harry L. Carrico, Justice George M. Cochran, Judge Barbara Milano Keenan, Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser, Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr., Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy, Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr., Justice Charles Russell, Justice W. Carrington Thompson, and Justice Henry H. Whiting.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Oral history interviews of retired Supreme Court of Virginia justices were conducted for the Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Commission by Arlington County Circuit Judge Joanne F. Alper (1 interview), Norfolk State Professor of History Cassandra Newby-Alexander, State Law Librarian Gail Warren (1 interview), and Connie Doebele (1 interview), beginning in 2007. Interviews have been conducted with the following:  Judge G. Steven Agee, Justice Harry L. Carrico, Justice George M. Cochran, Judge Barbara Milano Keenan, Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser, Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr., Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy, Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr., Justice Charles Russell, Justice W. Carrington Thompson, and Justice Henry H. Whiting."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia -- Supreme Court -- Historical Commission.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Historical Commission.","Agee, G. Steven.","Alper, Joanne F.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-2013.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Doebele, Connie.","Hill, Oliver White, 1907-2007.","Kinser, Cynthia D., 1951-Hill, Oliver White, 1907-2007.","Millette, LeRoy Francis, Jr., 1949-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Newby-Alexander, Cassandra, 1956-.","Patton, George S., 1885-1945.","Russell, Charles S., 1926-.","Thompson, William Carrington, 1915-2011.","Tucker, Samuel Wilbert, 1913-1990.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-."],"names_ssim":["Virginia -- Supreme Court -- Historical Commission.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Historical Commission.","Agee, G. Steven.","Alper, Joanne F.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-2013.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Doebele, Connie.","Hill, Oliver White, 1907-2007.","Kinser, Cynthia D., 1951-Hill, Oliver White, 1907-2007.","Millette, LeRoy Francis, Jr., 1949-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Newby-Alexander, Cassandra, 1956-.","Patton, George S., 1885-1945.","Russell, Charles S., 1926-.","Thompson, William Carrington, 1915-2011.","Tucker, Samuel Wilbert, 1913-1990.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia -- Supreme Court -- Historical Commission.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Historical Commission."],"persname_ssim":["Agee, G. Steven.","Alper, Joanne F.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-2013.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Doebele, Connie.","Hill, Oliver White, 1907-2007.","Kinser, Cynthia D., 1951-Hill, Oliver White, 1907-2007.","Millette, LeRoy Francis, Jr., 1949-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Newby-Alexander, Cassandra, 1956-.","Patton, George S., 1885-1945.","Russell, Charles S., 1926-.","Thompson, William Carrington, 1915-2011.","Tucker, Samuel Wilbert, 1913-1990.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:06:01.957Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00009","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00009","_root_":"vil_vil00009","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00009","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00009.xml","title_ssm":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-"],"title_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00013640, 00013636, 00018856, 00014536, 00014999, 00018746, 00028942, 00032213, 00032782, 00040432, 00041143 \n"],"text":["00013640, 00013636, 00018856, 00014536, 00014999, 00018746, 00028942, 00032213, 00032782, 00040432, 00041143 \n","Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-","Norfolk (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","African American judges  -- Biographies.","African American judges -- Interviews.","Civil rights -- United States -- History -- 20th century.","Judges -- Virginia -- biographies.","Judges -- Virginia -- interviews.","Segregation in education -- Virginia.","Massive resistance.","Minorities -- Civil rights -- Virginia.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Biographies.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Interviews.","Oral histories (document genre) -- Virginia.","15 mini video cassettes (DV camera) and 4 digital moving image files recorded with HDV camera; 15 transcripts.","Collection is open to research.   \n","The Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Advisory Committee (formerly Commission) was established in 2006 to preserve and promote the history of the court. Oral history interviews of retired Supreme Court justices, Court of Appeals judges, other individuals associated with the court, and civil rights attorneys were begun in 2007.  The project was brought under the auspices of the Virginia State Law Library in 2011 and is ongoing.","Judge G. Steven Agee (b. 1952) was elected to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 2003 and served until 2008, when he was appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. He served on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 2001 to 2003. He was in private practice in Roanoke from 1977 to 2000 and a member of the House of Delegates from 1982 to 1994. Agee was born in Roanoke.","Justice Harry Lee Carrico (b. 1916) was appointed to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1961 and was chief justice from 1981-2003. Before joining the court, he was a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County.  He was an ensign in the he navy during World War II. Carrico was born in Washington D.C. and reared in rural Fauquier and Fairfax counties.","Justice George M. Cochran (1912-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1969-1987. A lifelong resident of Staunton, he was a member of the House of Delegates from 1948 to 1966 and the Virginia Senate from 1966 to 1968.","Barbara M. Keenan  (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1991 to 2010, when she was confirmed as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. She was a judge on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 1985 to 1991. She was the first woman to serve as a circuit and appellate court judge in Virginia. \n","Cynthia D. Kinser (b. 1951) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1997 to 2014, and as chief justice from 2011 to 2014. She was the third woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia and the first woman to serve as chief justice.","Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. (b. 1940) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1995 to 2011, when he took senior status. He was one ten judges who served on the first Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and served on the court until 1995. He was the second chief judge of the court, serving from 1985 to 1993. From 1976 to 1984, Koontz was a circuit court judge in 23rd judicial circuit in Roanoke; from 1968 to 1976, he was a juvenile and domestic relations judge in the general district court in Roanoke.","Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy (b. 1945) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1989 to 2007, when she took senior status. She was the first woman to serve on the court, the first woman to serve as Deputy Attorney General in Virginia, and the first woman to serve as a judge on the State Corporation Commission. Lacy was born in South Carolina and grew up in Wisconsin.  She worked in Texas as a teacher and Assistant Attorney General and Division Chief (1972-1976) before moving to Virginia. She was Virginia Deputy Attorney General, overseeing all civil litigation, from 1982-1985; and Judge, Virginia State Corporation Commission, 1985-1989.","Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr. (b. 1949) served as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2008 to 2015, when he took senior status. He served on the Court of Appeals from 2007 to 2008. Millette was a circuit court judge in Prince William County from 1993 to 2007, a district court judge from 1990 to 1993, and an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Prince William County from 1986 to 1993. As a circuit court judge he presided over two widely publicized criminal trials: John Wayne Bobbitt in 1993 and John Allen Muhammed in 2003.   \n","Justice Charles S. Russell (b. 1926) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1982-1991. He returned to the court as a senior justice in 2004.Russell practiced law in Arlington and Fairfax from 1951 to 1967 and was appointed judge for the 17th Judicial District in 1967. From 1967 to 1982, Russell was a circuit court judge in Fairfax County.  Russell was born in Richmond.  He served in the U.S. Navy in World II and the Korean War.","Justice Roscoe B. Stephenson (1922-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia as justice from 1981 to 1997, when he took senior status. A lifelong resident of Covington, Va., Stephenson practiced law in Covington and was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney and a judge on the 25th judicial circuit before his appointment to the Supreme Court.","Justice John Charles Thomas (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1983-1989. A native of Norfolk, Thomas graduated from the University of Virginia law school in 1975 and worked at Hunton \u0026 Williams law form in Richmond, where he became the first African American to be named partner in a large law firm in the South. When Thomas resigned from the Supreme Court in 1989, he returned to private practice at Hunton \u0026 Williams.","Justice W. Carrington (William Carrington) Thompson (1915-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1980-1983. A native of Chatham, Virginia, he established a law practice there after returning from service in the navy during World War II.  Thompson served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1959 to 1968 and the Virginia State Senate from 1968-1973.  He was a circuit judge before his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia.","Justice Henry H. Whiting (1923-) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1987 to 1995, when he took senior status. Whiting was born in Fort Logan, Colorado, and spent most of his youth in Winchester, Virginia.  He attended Virginia Tech for one year before enlisting in the U.S. Army during World War II. After the war, he attended the University of Virginia and earned a law degree there in 1949.  He practiced law in Winchester, Virginia, for much of his career. In 1980, Whiting was appointed to the 28th Judicial Circuit by Governor John Dalton; in 1987, he was elected by the General Assembly to the Supreme Court of Virginia.","In the interview of Judge G. Steven Agee by Connie Doebele (September 26, 2017, 2 hours, 22 minutes; transcript available), Judge Agee talks about his early life and family, his father's military service in World War II, practicing law in Roanoke, and serving in the House of Delegates.  He discusses changes in Virginia politics in the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in Republican party; and serving as an appellate court judge in the state and federal court system. Agee also discusses his legislative career, including his advocacy of changes in the judicial selection process and the parole system; and the unique sense of history associated with the Supreme Court of Virginia.","In the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Judge Joanne Alper (April 12, 2007, 78 minutes; transcript available), Justice Carrico discusses changes he witnessed during his long tenure on the court, his experiences as a young judge and lawyer in northern Virginia (Alexandria and Fairfax and Prince William counties) in the 1940s and 1950s, his work on the Judicial Conference of the U.S. and his relationships with U.S. Supreme Court justices Warren Burger and William Rehnquist.  Toward the end of the interview, he reflects on his relationships with the justices who were on the Supreme Court of Virginia when he was appointed in 1961, his workflow and opinion-writing processes, the creation of the Office of the Executive Secretary (court administrator), and the appointments of the first African American and women justices to the court.  He also talks about the establishment of the Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and a statewide system of Juvenile and Domestic Relations courts in 1972 and 1973. The interview concludes with a discussion of the founding of the National Center for State Courts in 1971.","In the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 28, 2007, 1 hour, 57 minutes; transcript available), Carrico discusses his family and early life on a dairy farm in rural Fairfax County, his father's work as a billboard artist for the General Outdoor Advertising Company and his business operating a riding stable.  He recalls going to a combined grade school and high school in Bailey's Crossroads and attending Lee-Jackson High School in Fairfax County, and working and attending law school in Washington D.C. He discusses his experience working in contract terminations in the navy during World War II, his work as a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County before and after the war, and his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1961. Toward the end of the interview, Carrico talks about the process of writing opinions, and his decision in Loving v. Commonwealth of Virginia, which upheld the state statute barring interracial marriage in 1967.  He reflects on changes in the court during his tenure, including the appointment of the first African American and women justices, and his recollections of the justices who were on the court when he was appointed in 1961 (Chief Justice John Eggleston, Justice L. Warren I'Anson, Justice Claude V. Spratley, Harold F. Snead). The interview ends with a discussion of Carrico's work for the John Marshall Foundation and his thoughts about the historical importance of Marshall's contributions to the judiciary.","In the interview of Justice George M. Cochran by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (March 30, 2007, 1 hour, 56 minutes; transcript available), Justice Cochran talks about his family's roots in Staunton, his ancestor Alexander H.H. Stuart and Stuart's political career before and after the Civil War.  He reflects on his early life in Staunton, his education at Episcopal High School in Alexandria and at the University of Virginia, and his service in the navy in California and the Pacific during World War II. He discusses being a state legislator  during the 1950s and 1960s and efforts by a younger generation of legislators to repeal the poll tax and segregation laws after World War II.  Cochran also reflects on massive resistance and working to establish a community college system in Virginia. He talks about working with fellow state legislators Armistead Boothe, Mosby G. Perrow, Tayloe Murphy, Mills Godwin, and Albertis Harrison, and Governor Colgate Darden, and Governor Lindsay Almond. Toward the end of the interview, Cochran talks about his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, his friendship with Albertis Harrison when they were both on the court, his thoughts about dissenting from the majority, and making the transition from writing legal briefs to writing judicial opinions. The interview concludes with Cochran's recollections about organizing meetings of the Virginia State Bar Association in England and Scotland, the appointment of the first women and African American justices to the court, and socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond.","In the interview of Judge Barbara Milano Keenan by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 6, 2013, 2 hours, 38 minutes; transcript available), Judge Keenan talks about her family's history and the influence of their experiences as immigrants to West Virginia in the early twentieth century, attending Catholic high school in Arlington, Virginia, and Cornell University during the 1960s; and working at the U.S. Department of Justice while attending law school at George Washington University. She discusses her early career as an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Fairfax County, working as a lawyer in private practice, her first years on the bench as a district and circuit court judge in Fairfax, and her service on the Court of Appeals of Virginia, the Supreme Court of Virginia, and the Fourth Circuit, U.S. Court of Appeals. She also reflects on the experience of being among the first women judges in Virginia and the influences of mentors and colleagues throughout her career.   \n","The interview of Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser was conducted by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander August 16, 2016, at Gentry Locke law firm in Roanoke, Virginia. The recording and transcript of the interview are closed until August 16, 2026.","In the interview of Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. by Gail Warren, State Law Librarian (May 17, 2013, 55 minutes; transcript available), Justice Koontz talks about growing up in Salem, Virginia, attending Virginia Tech and law school at the University of Richmond, and his early years as a lawyer, commonwealth's attorney, and judge in Roanoke. He reflects on the experience of forming rules and procedures for the Court of Appeals, serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia, and changes in the legal profession and the judiciary during his career.","In the interview of Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 15, 2008, 1 hour, 56 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about growing up in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, where her parents owned a business, in the 1950s; her education at Catholic schools in Oshkosh and at St. Mary's College at Notre Dame, and attending law school at the University of Texas in Austin.  She talks about her early legal career working for the Texas Legislative Council and the Texas Attorney General's office, where she became the first woman division chief.  She reflects on the political atmosphere in Texas when she was in law school and in the early years of her legal career, and the influence of women such as Barbara Jordan, Kay Bailey Hutchinson, Sarah Weddington, and others who were elected to public office in Texas in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy recounts moving to Virginia in the late 1970s, her work as Deputy Attorney General under Attorney General Gerald Baliles, her appointment to the State Corporation Commission in 1985 and her work there, and her appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1989.  The interview ends with Lacy's reflections on her early experiences on the court and changes in the court during her tenure.","In the interview of Justice Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (October 8, 2008, 1 hour, 38 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about the appellate court process and the experience of working as a member of a group.  She recalls cases that were particularly memorable involving redistricting, the definition of injury in a medical malpractice suit involving a tubal litigation; and a privacy case pertaining to parents' right to serve alcohol to minors in the privacy of their homes. She also talks about the early use of DNA evidence in Virginia and problems with evidence in death penalty cases.  In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy talks about her work on the Virginia Taskforce on Gender Bias in the Courtroom, her thoughts about gender, feminism, and gender discrimination, her perception of changes in the tone of the court during the period she served, her approach to decision-making in a group, the opinion-writing process, writing techniques, and working with law clerks.  Toward the end of the interview, Justice Lacy reflects on her involvement in professional organizations like the National Association of Women Judges and the American Bar Association, and the importance of being a public advocate for the judicial system.  She talks about the regulatory role of the Supreme Court of Virginia, and her efforts to stay informed of changes in legal education and practice.  The interview concludes with Justice Lacy's reflections on her legacy as the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia.\n","In the interview of Justice Millette by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 16, 2017, 2 hours, 1 minute; transcript available) Millette talks about his family and growing up in Alexandria and Fairfax Virginia, attending the College of William and Mary, establishing a law practice in Prince William County, working as an assistant commonwealth's attorney and becoming a judge. He discusses his experiences presiding over the trial of John Wayne Bobbitt, in 1993, and John Allen Muhammad in 2003; and working as a circuit court and appellate judge.","In the interview of Justice Charles S. Russell by Judge Joanne Alper (April 23, 2007, 68 minutes; transcript available), Russell talks about his experience as a circuit court judge in Arlington County and his tenure on the Supreme Court of Virginia.  He discusses his election to the court by one vote in 1982 and reflects on changes in the Virginia judiciary during his tenure as a justice and senior justice, particularly a greater acceptance of dissent and declining deference toward older justices.  Russell also talks about colorful personalities he remembers from his early years as a member of the Arlington County bar.  He talks about Judge Walter T. McCarthy, who inspired him when he was a child growing up in Arlington.  Russell also reflects on memorable cases and historical events during his career.  The interview closes with Russell's recollection of watching the attack on the Pentagon from his office window in Arlington on September 11, 2001, and his thoughts about the lasting impact of the event.","In the interview of Justice Roscoe B. Stephenson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (April 30, 2007, 1 hour, 27 minutes; transcript available), Justice Stephenson talks about his parents and siblings and growing up in Covington, Virginia, where his father was a lawyer.  He recalls attending Washington and Lee University as an undergraduate and working on a construction project in Hampton and a steamer out of Baltimore during the break between college and law school, after he was discharged from the military on account of a heart murmur.  Stephenson recalls that he was only one of two students attending law school at Washington and Lee University in 1945 because of the war. He talks about returning to Covington after law school, practicing law there with his father in the 1950s, and being Commonwealth's Attorney and a circuit court judge in Alleghany County.  Stephenson reflects on changes in the judiciary beginning in the 1970s, particularly the increase of women, and the appointment of Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman justice, to the court in 1989.  In the second part of the interview, Stephenson talks about his approach to writing opinions and cases that were particularly memorable. He discusses the use of DNA evidence in the Spencer v. Commonwealth of Virginia cases, other death penalty cases, and cases involving rights to mine coal and gas. The interview closes with Stephenson's recollections of his relationships with other justices and law clerks and memories of socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond when the court was in session.          \n","In the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 11, 2007, 2 hours, 21 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thomas discusses his family's roots in the Huntersville neighborhood of Norfolk, growing up in segregated Norfolk, and the influence on him of his parents, grandparents, extended  family, community, school, and church.  He recalls his maternal grandfather, who taught him to recite poetry when he was a young boy, and the minister of the First Baptist Church. He talks about his decision to attend Maury High School, a predominantly white high school in Norfolk, in 1965, and his experiences as a student there; and attending the University of Virginia.  Thomas also reflects on clerking for the Civil Rights Division of the Justice Department one summer when he was a law student, and how this experience helped him in his efforts to secure a position at a large law firm in Virginia after he graduated.  He recounts his early years working at the Richmond law firm Hunton \u0026 Williams, where he did legal work for Virginia Electric and Power Company, and becoming the first African American lawyer to make partner at a white law firm in the South. Toward the end of the interview, Thomas discusses his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia and being the first African American appointed to the court.  He reflects on differences between himself and the other justices, in style, training, and age.  The interview closes with Thomas' thoughts on memorable opinions.   \n","In the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (August 8, 2007, 1 hour, five minutes; transcript available), Thomas talks about his legal career in more detail, from his work as a young lawyer at Hunton \u0026 Williams, to his work as a justice, to his work on appellate cases after returning to private practice at Hunton \u0026 Williams.  He recalls traveling to small courthouses around Virginia and arguing cases before the supreme court as a young lawyer.  Thomas also elaborates on his nomination to the court and adjusting to being an appellate judge. He reflects on the changes he observed when Justice Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman appointed to the court, joined the men on the court, and the generation gap he felt existed between himself and Lacy and the rest of the justices, who were much older. Thomas concludes by talking about the changes he has witnessed during his lifetime and the sacrifices made by Oliver Hill and other pioneering African American lawyers as they worked to change institutions that were resistant to change.   \n","In the interview of Justice W. Carrington Thompson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (November 14, 2007, 1 hour, 32 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thompson talks about his parents and his early life in Chatham, Virginia, particularly the influence of his father; his experiences as a student at Hampden-Sydney College, his professors, his religious education and the importance of his religious faith throughout his life.  He talks about attending law school at the University of Virginia and being in the navy during World War II in the South Pacific.  Thompson recalls his career in Chatham as a lawyer, state legislator, and circuit court judge.  He reflects on the political circumstances of his appointments to the circuit court and Supreme Court of Virginia and his decision to retire after serving only three years.  The interview closes with Thompson's thoughts on writing opinions in two death-penalty cases while he was on the court, his views on the death penalty, and his strict contructionist views on the Constitution and the role of the judiciary.     \n","In the interview of Justice Henry H. Whiting by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (December 12, 2011, 1 hour, 35 minutes; transcript available), Justice Whiting talks about his family, growing up in Winchester, Va., serving in the army during World War II and witnessing the Battle of Remagen, and his thoughts about General George S. Patton, who knew his father and was his godfather; attending college and law school at Virginia Tech and the University of Virginia, and practicing law in Winchester.  Toward the end of interview, he discusses being a circuit judge in Winchester, his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, and serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia.","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.  \n","The interview of Cynthia D. Kinser is closed until August 16, 2026.","Oral history interviews of retired Supreme Court of Virginia justices were conducted for the Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Commission by Arlington County Circuit Judge Joanne F. Alper (1 interview), Norfolk State Professor of History Cassandra Newby-Alexander, State Law Librarian Gail Warren (1 interview), and Connie Doebele (1 interview), beginning in 2007. Interviews have been conducted with the following:  Judge G. Steven Agee, Justice Harry L. Carrico, Justice George M. Cochran, Judge Barbara Milano Keenan, Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser, Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr., Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy, Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr., Justice Charles Russell, Justice W. Carrington Thompson, and Justice Henry H. Whiting.","Virginia -- Supreme Court -- Historical Commission.","Virginia. Supreme Court.","Virginia. Supreme Court. Historical Commission.","Agee, G. Steven.","Alper, Joanne F.","Carrico, Harry Lee, 1916-2013.","Cochran, George Moffett, 1912-2011.","Doebele, Connie.","Hill, Oliver White, 1907-2007.","Kinser, Cynthia D., 1951-Hill, Oliver White, 1907-2007.","Millette, LeRoy Francis, Jr., 1949-.","Lacy, Elizabeth Bermingham, 1945-.","Newby-Alexander, Cassandra, 1956-.","Patton, George S., 1885-1945.","Russell, Charles S., 1926-.","Thompson, William Carrington, 1915-2011.","Tucker, Samuel Wilbert, 1913-1990.","Whiting, Henry Hudson, 1923-.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00013640, 00013636, 00018856, 00014536, 00014999, 00018746, 00028942, 00032213, 00032782, 00040432, 00041143 \n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-"],"collection_title_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-"],"collection_ssim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews,    \n2007-"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"geogname_ssm":["Norfolk (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century."],"geogname_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century."],"creator_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library.  \n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library.  \n"],"places_ssim":["Norfolk (Va.) -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- History -- 20th century.","Virginia -- Politics and government -- 20th century."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The interviews were created for the Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, 2007-2018. In 2016, copies of interviews conducted from 2007-2016 were donated to the Library of Virginia for longterm preservation and access.    \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American judges  -- Biographies.","African American judges -- Interviews.","Civil rights -- United States -- History -- 20th century.","Judges -- Virginia -- biographies.","Judges -- Virginia -- interviews.","Segregation in education -- Virginia.","Massive resistance.","Minorities -- Civil rights -- Virginia.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Biographies.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Interviews.","Oral histories (document genre) -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American judges  -- Biographies.","African American judges -- Interviews.","Civil rights -- United States -- History -- 20th century.","Judges -- Virginia -- biographies.","Judges -- Virginia -- interviews.","Segregation in education -- Virginia.","Massive resistance.","Minorities -- Civil rights -- Virginia.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Biographies.","Women judges -- Virginia -- Interviews.","Oral histories (document genre) -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["15 mini video cassettes (DV camera) and 4 digital moving image files recorded with HDV camera; 15 transcripts."],"genreform_ssim":["Oral histories (document genre) -- Virginia."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.   \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.   \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Advisory Committee (formerly Commission) was established in 2006 to preserve and promote the history of the court. Oral history interviews of retired Supreme Court justices, Court of Appeals judges, other individuals associated with the court, and civil rights attorneys were begun in 2007.  The project was brought under the auspices of the Virginia State Law Library in 2011 and is ongoing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJudge G. Steven Agee (b. 1952) was elected to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 2003 and served until 2008, when he was appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. He served on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 2001 to 2003. He was in private practice in Roanoke from 1977 to 2000 and a member of the House of Delegates from 1982 to 1994. Agee was born in Roanoke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Harry Lee Carrico (b. 1916) was appointed to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1961 and was chief justice from 1981-2003. Before joining the court, he was a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County.  He was an ensign in the he navy during World War II. Carrico was born in Washington D.C. and reared in rural Fauquier and Fairfax counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice George M. Cochran (1912-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1969-1987. A lifelong resident of Staunton, he was a member of the House of Delegates from 1948 to 1966 and the Virginia Senate from 1966 to 1968.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarbara M. Keenan  (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1991 to 2010, when she was confirmed as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. She was a judge on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 1985 to 1991. She was the first woman to serve as a circuit and appellate court judge in Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCynthia D. Kinser (b. 1951) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1997 to 2014, and as chief justice from 2011 to 2014. She was the third woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia and the first woman to serve as chief justice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. (b. 1940) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1995 to 2011, when he took senior status. He was one ten judges who served on the first Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and served on the court until 1995. He was the second chief judge of the court, serving from 1985 to 1993. From 1976 to 1984, Koontz was a circuit court judge in 23rd judicial circuit in Roanoke; from 1968 to 1976, he was a juvenile and domestic relations judge in the general district court in Roanoke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Elizabeth B. Lacy (b. 1945) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1989 to 2007, when she took senior status. She was the first woman to serve on the court, the first woman to serve as Deputy Attorney General in Virginia, and the first woman to serve as a judge on the State Corporation Commission. Lacy was born in South Carolina and grew up in Wisconsin.  She worked in Texas as a teacher and Assistant Attorney General and Division Chief (1972-1976) before moving to Virginia. She was Virginia Deputy Attorney General, overseeing all civil litigation, from 1982-1985; and Judge, Virginia State Corporation Commission, 1985-1989.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr. (b. 1949) served as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2008 to 2015, when he took senior status. He served on the Court of Appeals from 2007 to 2008. Millette was a circuit court judge in Prince William County from 1993 to 2007, a district court judge from 1990 to 1993, and an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Prince William County from 1986 to 1993. As a circuit court judge he presided over two widely publicized criminal trials: John Wayne Bobbitt in 1993 and John Allen Muhammed in 2003.   \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Charles S. Russell (b. 1926) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1982-1991. He returned to the court as a senior justice in 2004.Russell practiced law in Arlington and Fairfax from 1951 to 1967 and was appointed judge for the 17th Judicial District in 1967. From 1967 to 1982, Russell was a circuit court judge in Fairfax County.  Russell was born in Richmond.  He served in the U.S. Navy in World II and the Korean War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Roscoe B. Stephenson (1922-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia as justice from 1981 to 1997, when he took senior status. A lifelong resident of Covington, Va., Stephenson practiced law in Covington and was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney and a judge on the 25th judicial circuit before his appointment to the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice John Charles Thomas (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1983-1989. A native of Norfolk, Thomas graduated from the University of Virginia law school in 1975 and worked at Hunton \u0026amp; Williams law form in Richmond, where he became the first African American to be named partner in a large law firm in the South. When Thomas resigned from the Supreme Court in 1989, he returned to private practice at Hunton \u0026amp; Williams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice W. Carrington (William Carrington) Thompson (1915-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1980-1983. A native of Chatham, Virginia, he established a law practice there after returning from service in the navy during World War II.  Thompson served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1959 to 1968 and the Virginia State Senate from 1968-1973.  He was a circuit judge before his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Henry H. Whiting (1923-) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1987 to 1995, when he took senior status. Whiting was born in Fort Logan, Colorado, and spent most of his youth in Winchester, Virginia.  He attended Virginia Tech for one year before enlisting in the U.S. Army during World War II. After the war, he attended the University of Virginia and earned a law degree there in 1949.  He practiced law in Winchester, Virginia, for much of his career. In 1980, Whiting was appointed to the 28th Judicial Circuit by Governor John Dalton; in 1987, he was elected by the General Assembly to the Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Supreme Court of Virginia Historical Advisory Committee (formerly Commission) was established in 2006 to preserve and promote the history of the court. Oral history interviews of retired Supreme Court justices, Court of Appeals judges, other individuals associated with the court, and civil rights attorneys were begun in 2007.  The project was brought under the auspices of the Virginia State Law Library in 2011 and is ongoing.","Judge G. Steven Agee (b. 1952) was elected to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 2003 and served until 2008, when he was appointed to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. He served on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 2001 to 2003. He was in private practice in Roanoke from 1977 to 2000 and a member of the House of Delegates from 1982 to 1994. Agee was born in Roanoke.","Justice Harry Lee Carrico (b. 1916) was appointed to the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1961 and was chief justice from 1981-2003. Before joining the court, he was a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County.  He was an ensign in the he navy during World War II. Carrico was born in Washington D.C. and reared in rural Fauquier and Fairfax counties.","Justice George M. Cochran (1912-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1969-1987. A lifelong resident of Staunton, he was a member of the House of Delegates from 1948 to 1966 and the Virginia Senate from 1966 to 1968.","Barbara M. Keenan  (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1991 to 2010, when she was confirmed as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. She was a judge on the Court of Appeals of Virginia from 1985 to 1991. She was the first woman to serve as a circuit and appellate court judge in Virginia. \n","Cynthia D. Kinser (b. 1951) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1997 to 2014, and as chief justice from 2011 to 2014. She was the third woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia and the first woman to serve as chief justice.","Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. (b. 1940) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1995 to 2011, when he took senior status. He was one ten judges who served on the first Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and served on the court until 1995. He was the second chief judge of the court, serving from 1985 to 1993. From 1976 to 1984, Koontz was a circuit court judge in 23rd judicial circuit in Roanoke; from 1968 to 1976, he was a juvenile and domestic relations judge in the general district court in Roanoke.","Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy (b. 1945) served as justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1989 to 2007, when she took senior status. She was the first woman to serve on the court, the first woman to serve as Deputy Attorney General in Virginia, and the first woman to serve as a judge on the State Corporation Commission. Lacy was born in South Carolina and grew up in Wisconsin.  She worked in Texas as a teacher and Assistant Attorney General and Division Chief (1972-1976) before moving to Virginia. She was Virginia Deputy Attorney General, overseeing all civil litigation, from 1982-1985; and Judge, Virginia State Corporation Commission, 1985-1989.","Justice LeRoy F. Millette, Jr. (b. 1949) served as a justice on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 2008 to 2015, when he took senior status. He served on the Court of Appeals from 2007 to 2008. Millette was a circuit court judge in Prince William County from 1993 to 2007, a district court judge from 1990 to 1993, and an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Prince William County from 1986 to 1993. As a circuit court judge he presided over two widely publicized criminal trials: John Wayne Bobbitt in 1993 and John Allen Muhammed in 2003.   \n","Justice Charles S. Russell (b. 1926) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1982-1991. He returned to the court as a senior justice in 2004.Russell practiced law in Arlington and Fairfax from 1951 to 1967 and was appointed judge for the 17th Judicial District in 1967. From 1967 to 1982, Russell was a circuit court judge in Fairfax County.  Russell was born in Richmond.  He served in the U.S. Navy in World II and the Korean War.","Justice Roscoe B. Stephenson (1922-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia as justice from 1981 to 1997, when he took senior status. A lifelong resident of Covington, Va., Stephenson practiced law in Covington and was Alleghany County Commonwealth's Attorney and a judge on the 25th judicial circuit before his appointment to the Supreme Court.","Justice John Charles Thomas (b. 1950) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1983-1989. A native of Norfolk, Thomas graduated from the University of Virginia law school in 1975 and worked at Hunton \u0026 Williams law form in Richmond, where he became the first African American to be named partner in a large law firm in the South. When Thomas resigned from the Supreme Court in 1989, he returned to private practice at Hunton \u0026 Williams.","Justice W. Carrington (William Carrington) Thompson (1915-2011) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1980-1983. A native of Chatham, Virginia, he established a law practice there after returning from service in the navy during World War II.  Thompson served in the Virginia House of Delegates from 1959 to 1968 and the Virginia State Senate from 1968-1973.  He was a circuit judge before his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia.","Justice Henry H. Whiting (1923-) served on the Supreme Court of Virginia from 1987 to 1995, when he took senior status. Whiting was born in Fort Logan, Colorado, and spent most of his youth in Winchester, Virginia.  He attended Virginia Tech for one year before enlisting in the U.S. Army during World War II. After the war, he attended the University of Virginia and earned a law degree there in 1949.  He practiced law in Winchester, Virginia, for much of his career. In 1980, Whiting was appointed to the 28th Judicial Circuit by Governor John Dalton; in 1987, he was elected by the General Assembly to the Supreme Court of Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSupreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews, 2007-2018, Accession numbers  00013640, 00013636, 00018856, 00014536, 00014999, 00018746, 00028942,00032213,00032782, 00040432, 00041143, and 00042014. Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Supreme Court of Virginia Oral History Interviews, 2007-2018, Accession numbers  00013640, 00013636, 00018856, 00014536, 00014999, 00018746, 00028942,00032213,00032782, 00040432, 00041143, and 00042014. Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Judge G. Steven Agee by Connie Doebele (September 26, 2017, 2 hours, 22 minutes; transcript available), Judge Agee talks about his early life and family, his father's military service in World War II, practicing law in Roanoke, and serving in the House of Delegates.  He discusses changes in Virginia politics in the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in Republican party; and serving as an appellate court judge in the state and federal court system. Agee also discusses his legislative career, including his advocacy of changes in the judicial selection process and the parole system; and the unique sense of history associated with the Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Judge Joanne Alper (April 12, 2007, 78 minutes; transcript available), Justice Carrico discusses changes he witnessed during his long tenure on the court, his experiences as a young judge and lawyer in northern Virginia (Alexandria and Fairfax and Prince William counties) in the 1940s and 1950s, his work on the Judicial Conference of the U.S. and his relationships with U.S. Supreme Court justices Warren Burger and William Rehnquist.  Toward the end of the interview, he reflects on his relationships with the justices who were on the Supreme Court of Virginia when he was appointed in 1961, his workflow and opinion-writing processes, the creation of the Office of the Executive Secretary (court administrator), and the appointments of the first African American and women justices to the court.  He also talks about the establishment of the Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and a statewide system of Juvenile and Domestic Relations courts in 1972 and 1973. The interview concludes with a discussion of the founding of the National Center for State Courts in 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 28, 2007, 1 hour, 57 minutes; transcript available), Carrico discusses his family and early life on a dairy farm in rural Fairfax County, his father's work as a billboard artist for the General Outdoor Advertising Company and his business operating a riding stable.  He recalls going to a combined grade school and high school in Bailey's Crossroads and attending Lee-Jackson High School in Fairfax County, and working and attending law school in Washington D.C. He discusses his experience working in contract terminations in the navy during World War II, his work as a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County before and after the war, and his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1961. Toward the end of the interview, Carrico talks about the process of writing opinions, and his decision in Loving v. Commonwealth of Virginia, which upheld the state statute barring interracial marriage in 1967.  He reflects on changes in the court during his tenure, including the appointment of the first African American and women justices, and his recollections of the justices who were on the court when he was appointed in 1961 (Chief Justice John Eggleston, Justice L. Warren I'Anson, Justice Claude V. Spratley, Harold F. Snead). The interview ends with a discussion of Carrico's work for the John Marshall Foundation and his thoughts about the historical importance of Marshall's contributions to the judiciary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice George M. Cochran by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (March 30, 2007, 1 hour, 56 minutes; transcript available), Justice Cochran talks about his family's roots in Staunton, his ancestor Alexander H.H. Stuart and Stuart's political career before and after the Civil War.  He reflects on his early life in Staunton, his education at Episcopal High School in Alexandria and at the University of Virginia, and his service in the navy in California and the Pacific during World War II. He discusses being a state legislator  during the 1950s and 1960s and efforts by a younger generation of legislators to repeal the poll tax and segregation laws after World War II.  Cochran also reflects on massive resistance and working to establish a community college system in Virginia. He talks about working with fellow state legislators Armistead Boothe, Mosby G. Perrow, Tayloe Murphy, Mills Godwin, and Albertis Harrison, and Governor Colgate Darden, and Governor Lindsay Almond. Toward the end of the interview, Cochran talks about his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, his friendship with Albertis Harrison when they were both on the court, his thoughts about dissenting from the majority, and making the transition from writing legal briefs to writing judicial opinions. The interview concludes with Cochran's recollections about organizing meetings of the Virginia State Bar Association in England and Scotland, the appointment of the first women and African American justices to the court, and socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Judge Barbara Milano Keenan by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 6, 2013, 2 hours, 38 minutes; transcript available), Judge Keenan talks about her family's history and the influence of their experiences as immigrants to West Virginia in the early twentieth century, attending Catholic high school in Arlington, Virginia, and Cornell University during the 1960s; and working at the U.S. Department of Justice while attending law school at George Washington University. She discusses her early career as an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Fairfax County, working as a lawyer in private practice, her first years on the bench as a district and circuit court judge in Fairfax, and her service on the Court of Appeals of Virginia, the Supreme Court of Virginia, and the Fourth Circuit, U.S. Court of Appeals. She also reflects on the experience of being among the first women judges in Virginia and the influences of mentors and colleagues throughout her career.   \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe interview of Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser was conducted by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander August 16, 2016, at Gentry Locke law firm in Roanoke, Virginia. The recording and transcript of the interview are closed until August 16, 2026.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. by Gail Warren, State Law Librarian (May 17, 2013, 55 minutes; transcript available), Justice Koontz talks about growing up in Salem, Virginia, attending Virginia Tech and law school at the University of Richmond, and his early years as a lawyer, commonwealth's attorney, and judge in Roanoke. He reflects on the experience of forming rules and procedures for the Court of Appeals, serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia, and changes in the legal profession and the judiciary during his career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 15, 2008, 1 hour, 56 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about growing up in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, where her parents owned a business, in the 1950s; her education at Catholic schools in Oshkosh and at St. Mary's College at Notre Dame, and attending law school at the University of Texas in Austin.  She talks about her early legal career working for the Texas Legislative Council and the Texas Attorney General's office, where she became the first woman division chief.  She reflects on the political atmosphere in Texas when she was in law school and in the early years of her legal career, and the influence of women such as Barbara Jordan, Kay Bailey Hutchinson, Sarah Weddington, and others who were elected to public office in Texas in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy recounts moving to Virginia in the late 1970s, her work as Deputy Attorney General under Attorney General Gerald Baliles, her appointment to the State Corporation Commission in 1985 and her work there, and her appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1989.  The interview ends with Lacy's reflections on her early experiences on the court and changes in the court during her tenure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (October 8, 2008, 1 hour, 38 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about the appellate court process and the experience of working as a member of a group.  She recalls cases that were particularly memorable involving redistricting, the definition of injury in a medical malpractice suit involving a tubal litigation; and a privacy case pertaining to parents' right to serve alcohol to minors in the privacy of their homes. She also talks about the early use of DNA evidence in Virginia and problems with evidence in death penalty cases.  In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy talks about her work on the Virginia Taskforce on Gender Bias in the Courtroom, her thoughts about gender, feminism, and gender discrimination, her perception of changes in the tone of the court during the period she served, her approach to decision-making in a group, the opinion-writing process, writing techniques, and working with law clerks.  Toward the end of the interview, Justice Lacy reflects on her involvement in professional organizations like the National Association of Women Judges and the American Bar Association, and the importance of being a public advocate for the judicial system.  She talks about the regulatory role of the Supreme Court of Virginia, and her efforts to stay informed of changes in legal education and practice.  The interview concludes with Justice Lacy's reflections on her legacy as the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Millette by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 16, 2017, 2 hours, 1 minute; transcript available) Millette talks about his family and growing up in Alexandria and Fairfax Virginia, attending the College of William and Mary, establishing a law practice in Prince William County, working as an assistant commonwealth's attorney and becoming a judge. He discusses his experiences presiding over the trial of John Wayne Bobbitt, in 1993, and John Allen Muhammad in 2003; and working as a circuit court and appellate judge.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Charles S. Russell by Judge Joanne Alper (April 23, 2007, 68 minutes; transcript available), Russell talks about his experience as a circuit court judge in Arlington County and his tenure on the Supreme Court of Virginia.  He discusses his election to the court by one vote in 1982 and reflects on changes in the Virginia judiciary during his tenure as a justice and senior justice, particularly a greater acceptance of dissent and declining deference toward older justices.  Russell also talks about colorful personalities he remembers from his early years as a member of the Arlington County bar.  He talks about Judge Walter T. McCarthy, who inspired him when he was a child growing up in Arlington.  Russell also reflects on memorable cases and historical events during his career.  The interview closes with Russell's recollection of watching the attack on the Pentagon from his office window in Arlington on September 11, 2001, and his thoughts about the lasting impact of the event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Roscoe B. Stephenson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (April 30, 2007, 1 hour, 27 minutes; transcript available), Justice Stephenson talks about his parents and siblings and growing up in Covington, Virginia, where his father was a lawyer.  He recalls attending Washington and Lee University as an undergraduate and working on a construction project in Hampton and a steamer out of Baltimore during the break between college and law school, after he was discharged from the military on account of a heart murmur.  Stephenson recalls that he was only one of two students attending law school at Washington and Lee University in 1945 because of the war. He talks about returning to Covington after law school, practicing law there with his father in the 1950s, and being Commonwealth's Attorney and a circuit court judge in Alleghany County.  Stephenson reflects on changes in the judiciary beginning in the 1970s, particularly the increase of women, and the appointment of Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman justice, to the court in 1989.  In the second part of the interview, Stephenson talks about his approach to writing opinions and cases that were particularly memorable. He discusses the use of DNA evidence in the Spencer v. Commonwealth of Virginia cases, other death penalty cases, and cases involving rights to mine coal and gas. The interview closes with Stephenson's recollections of his relationships with other justices and law clerks and memories of socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond when the court was in session.          \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 11, 2007, 2 hours, 21 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thomas discusses his family's roots in the Huntersville neighborhood of Norfolk, growing up in segregated Norfolk, and the influence on him of his parents, grandparents, extended  family, community, school, and church.  He recalls his maternal grandfather, who taught him to recite poetry when he was a young boy, and the minister of the First Baptist Church. He talks about his decision to attend Maury High School, a predominantly white high school in Norfolk, in 1965, and his experiences as a student there; and attending the University of Virginia.  Thomas also reflects on clerking for the Civil Rights Division of the Justice Department one summer when he was a law student, and how this experience helped him in his efforts to secure a position at a large law firm in Virginia after he graduated.  He recounts his early years working at the Richmond law firm Hunton \u0026amp; Williams, where he did legal work for Virginia Electric and Power Company, and becoming the first African American lawyer to make partner at a white law firm in the South. Toward the end of the interview, Thomas discusses his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia and being the first African American appointed to the court.  He reflects on differences between himself and the other justices, in style, training, and age.  The interview closes with Thomas' thoughts on memorable opinions.   \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (August 8, 2007, 1 hour, five minutes; transcript available), Thomas talks about his legal career in more detail, from his work as a young lawyer at Hunton \u0026amp; Williams, to his work as a justice, to his work on appellate cases after returning to private practice at Hunton \u0026amp; Williams.  He recalls traveling to small courthouses around Virginia and arguing cases before the supreme court as a young lawyer.  Thomas also elaborates on his nomination to the court and adjusting to being an appellate judge. He reflects on the changes he observed when Justice Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman appointed to the court, joined the men on the court, and the generation gap he felt existed between himself and Lacy and the rest of the justices, who were much older. Thomas concludes by talking about the changes he has witnessed during his lifetime and the sacrifices made by Oliver Hill and other pioneering African American lawyers as they worked to change institutions that were resistant to change.   \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice W. Carrington Thompson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (November 14, 2007, 1 hour, 32 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thompson talks about his parents and his early life in Chatham, Virginia, particularly the influence of his father; his experiences as a student at Hampden-Sydney College, his professors, his religious education and the importance of his religious faith throughout his life.  He talks about attending law school at the University of Virginia and being in the navy during World War II in the South Pacific.  Thompson recalls his career in Chatham as a lawyer, state legislator, and circuit court judge.  He reflects on the political circumstances of his appointments to the circuit court and Supreme Court of Virginia and his decision to retire after serving only three years.  The interview closes with Thompson's thoughts on writing opinions in two death-penalty cases while he was on the court, his views on the death penalty, and his strict contructionist views on the Constitution and the role of the judiciary.     \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the interview of Justice Henry H. Whiting by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (December 12, 2011, 1 hour, 35 minutes; transcript available), Justice Whiting talks about his family, growing up in Winchester, Va., serving in the army during World War II and witnessing the Battle of Remagen, and his thoughts about General George S. Patton, who knew his father and was his godfather; attending college and law school at Virginia Tech and the University of Virginia, and practicing law in Winchester.  Toward the end of interview, he discusses being a circuit judge in Winchester, his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, and serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["In the interview of Judge G. Steven Agee by Connie Doebele (September 26, 2017, 2 hours, 22 minutes; transcript available), Judge Agee talks about his early life and family, his father's military service in World War II, practicing law in Roanoke, and serving in the House of Delegates.  He discusses changes in Virginia politics in the 1980s and 1990s, particularly in Republican party; and serving as an appellate court judge in the state and federal court system. Agee also discusses his legislative career, including his advocacy of changes in the judicial selection process and the parole system; and the unique sense of history associated with the Supreme Court of Virginia.","In the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Judge Joanne Alper (April 12, 2007, 78 minutes; transcript available), Justice Carrico discusses changes he witnessed during his long tenure on the court, his experiences as a young judge and lawyer in northern Virginia (Alexandria and Fairfax and Prince William counties) in the 1940s and 1950s, his work on the Judicial Conference of the U.S. and his relationships with U.S. Supreme Court justices Warren Burger and William Rehnquist.  Toward the end of the interview, he reflects on his relationships with the justices who were on the Supreme Court of Virginia when he was appointed in 1961, his workflow and opinion-writing processes, the creation of the Office of the Executive Secretary (court administrator), and the appointments of the first African American and women justices to the court.  He also talks about the establishment of the Court of Appeals of Virginia in 1985 and a statewide system of Juvenile and Domestic Relations courts in 1972 and 1973. The interview concludes with a discussion of the founding of the National Center for State Courts in 1971.","In the interview of Justice Harry Carrico by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 28, 2007, 1 hour, 57 minutes; transcript available), Carrico discusses his family and early life on a dairy farm in rural Fairfax County, his father's work as a billboard artist for the General Outdoor Advertising Company and his business operating a riding stable.  He recalls going to a combined grade school and high school in Bailey's Crossroads and attending Lee-Jackson High School in Fairfax County, and working and attending law school in Washington D.C. He discusses his experience working in contract terminations in the navy during World War II, his work as a lawyer and judge in Fairfax County before and after the war, and his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1961. Toward the end of the interview, Carrico talks about the process of writing opinions, and his decision in Loving v. Commonwealth of Virginia, which upheld the state statute barring interracial marriage in 1967.  He reflects on changes in the court during his tenure, including the appointment of the first African American and women justices, and his recollections of the justices who were on the court when he was appointed in 1961 (Chief Justice John Eggleston, Justice L. Warren I'Anson, Justice Claude V. Spratley, Harold F. Snead). The interview ends with a discussion of Carrico's work for the John Marshall Foundation and his thoughts about the historical importance of Marshall's contributions to the judiciary.","In the interview of Justice George M. Cochran by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (March 30, 2007, 1 hour, 56 minutes; transcript available), Justice Cochran talks about his family's roots in Staunton, his ancestor Alexander H.H. Stuart and Stuart's political career before and after the Civil War.  He reflects on his early life in Staunton, his education at Episcopal High School in Alexandria and at the University of Virginia, and his service in the navy in California and the Pacific during World War II. He discusses being a state legislator  during the 1950s and 1960s and efforts by a younger generation of legislators to repeal the poll tax and segregation laws after World War II.  Cochran also reflects on massive resistance and working to establish a community college system in Virginia. He talks about working with fellow state legislators Armistead Boothe, Mosby G. Perrow, Tayloe Murphy, Mills Godwin, and Albertis Harrison, and Governor Colgate Darden, and Governor Lindsay Almond. Toward the end of the interview, Cochran talks about his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia, his friendship with Albertis Harrison when they were both on the court, his thoughts about dissenting from the majority, and making the transition from writing legal briefs to writing judicial opinions. The interview concludes with Cochran's recollections about organizing meetings of the Virginia State Bar Association in England and Scotland, the appointment of the first women and African American justices to the court, and socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond.","In the interview of Judge Barbara Milano Keenan by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 6, 2013, 2 hours, 38 minutes; transcript available), Judge Keenan talks about her family's history and the influence of their experiences as immigrants to West Virginia in the early twentieth century, attending Catholic high school in Arlington, Virginia, and Cornell University during the 1960s; and working at the U.S. Department of Justice while attending law school at George Washington University. She discusses her early career as an assistant commonwealth's attorney in Fairfax County, working as a lawyer in private practice, her first years on the bench as a district and circuit court judge in Fairfax, and her service on the Court of Appeals of Virginia, the Supreme Court of Virginia, and the Fourth Circuit, U.S. Court of Appeals. She also reflects on the experience of being among the first women judges in Virginia and the influences of mentors and colleagues throughout her career.   \n","The interview of Chief Justice Cynthia D. Kinser was conducted by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander August 16, 2016, at Gentry Locke law firm in Roanoke, Virginia. The recording and transcript of the interview are closed until August 16, 2026.","In the interview of Justice Lawrence L. Koontz, Jr. by Gail Warren, State Law Librarian (May 17, 2013, 55 minutes; transcript available), Justice Koontz talks about growing up in Salem, Virginia, attending Virginia Tech and law school at the University of Richmond, and his early years as a lawyer, commonwealth's attorney, and judge in Roanoke. He reflects on the experience of forming rules and procedures for the Court of Appeals, serving on the Supreme Court of Virginia, and changes in the legal profession and the judiciary during his career.","In the interview of Justice Elizabeth B. Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (September 15, 2008, 1 hour, 56 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about growing up in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, where her parents owned a business, in the 1950s; her education at Catholic schools in Oshkosh and at St. Mary's College at Notre Dame, and attending law school at the University of Texas in Austin.  She talks about her early legal career working for the Texas Legislative Council and the Texas Attorney General's office, where she became the first woman division chief.  She reflects on the political atmosphere in Texas when she was in law school and in the early years of her legal career, and the influence of women such as Barbara Jordan, Kay Bailey Hutchinson, Sarah Weddington, and others who were elected to public office in Texas in the late 1960s and early 1970s. In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy recounts moving to Virginia in the late 1970s, her work as Deputy Attorney General under Attorney General Gerald Baliles, her appointment to the State Corporation Commission in 1985 and her work there, and her appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia in 1989.  The interview ends with Lacy's reflections on her early experiences on the court and changes in the court during her tenure.","In the interview of Justice Lacy by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (October 8, 2008, 1 hour, 38 minutes, transcript available), Justice Lacy talks about the appellate court process and the experience of working as a member of a group.  She recalls cases that were particularly memorable involving redistricting, the definition of injury in a medical malpractice suit involving a tubal litigation; and a privacy case pertaining to parents' right to serve alcohol to minors in the privacy of their homes. She also talks about the early use of DNA evidence in Virginia and problems with evidence in death penalty cases.  In the second part of the interview, Justice Lacy talks about her work on the Virginia Taskforce on Gender Bias in the Courtroom, her thoughts about gender, feminism, and gender discrimination, her perception of changes in the tone of the court during the period she served, her approach to decision-making in a group, the opinion-writing process, writing techniques, and working with law clerks.  Toward the end of the interview, Justice Lacy reflects on her involvement in professional organizations like the National Association of Women Judges and the American Bar Association, and the importance of being a public advocate for the judicial system.  She talks about the regulatory role of the Supreme Court of Virginia, and her efforts to stay informed of changes in legal education and practice.  The interview concludes with Justice Lacy's reflections on her legacy as the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court of Virginia.\n","In the interview of Justice Millette by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 16, 2017, 2 hours, 1 minute; transcript available) Millette talks about his family and growing up in Alexandria and Fairfax Virginia, attending the College of William and Mary, establishing a law practice in Prince William County, working as an assistant commonwealth's attorney and becoming a judge. He discusses his experiences presiding over the trial of John Wayne Bobbitt, in 1993, and John Allen Muhammad in 2003; and working as a circuit court and appellate judge.","In the interview of Justice Charles S. Russell by Judge Joanne Alper (April 23, 2007, 68 minutes; transcript available), Russell talks about his experience as a circuit court judge in Arlington County and his tenure on the Supreme Court of Virginia.  He discusses his election to the court by one vote in 1982 and reflects on changes in the Virginia judiciary during his tenure as a justice and senior justice, particularly a greater acceptance of dissent and declining deference toward older justices.  Russell also talks about colorful personalities he remembers from his early years as a member of the Arlington County bar.  He talks about Judge Walter T. McCarthy, who inspired him when he was a child growing up in Arlington.  Russell also reflects on memorable cases and historical events during his career.  The interview closes with Russell's recollection of watching the attack on the Pentagon from his office window in Arlington on September 11, 2001, and his thoughts about the lasting impact of the event.","In the interview of Justice Roscoe B. Stephenson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (April 30, 2007, 1 hour, 27 minutes; transcript available), Justice Stephenson talks about his parents and siblings and growing up in Covington, Virginia, where his father was a lawyer.  He recalls attending Washington and Lee University as an undergraduate and working on a construction project in Hampton and a steamer out of Baltimore during the break between college and law school, after he was discharged from the military on account of a heart murmur.  Stephenson recalls that he was only one of two students attending law school at Washington and Lee University in 1945 because of the war. He talks about returning to Covington after law school, practicing law there with his father in the 1950s, and being Commonwealth's Attorney and a circuit court judge in Alleghany County.  Stephenson reflects on changes in the judiciary beginning in the 1970s, particularly the increase of women, and the appointment of Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman justice, to the court in 1989.  In the second part of the interview, Stephenson talks about his approach to writing opinions and cases that were particularly memorable. He discusses the use of DNA evidence in the Spencer v. Commonwealth of Virginia cases, other death penalty cases, and cases involving rights to mine coal and gas. The interview closes with Stephenson's recollections of his relationships with other justices and law clerks and memories of socializing with other out-of-town justices at the John Marshall Hotel in Richmond when the court was in session.          \n","In the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (June 11, 2007, 2 hours, 21 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thomas discusses his family's roots in the Huntersville neighborhood of Norfolk, growing up in segregated Norfolk, and the influence on him of his parents, grandparents, extended  family, community, school, and church.  He recalls his maternal grandfather, who taught him to recite poetry when he was a young boy, and the minister of the First Baptist Church. He talks about his decision to attend Maury High School, a predominantly white high school in Norfolk, in 1965, and his experiences as a student there; and attending the University of Virginia.  Thomas also reflects on clerking for the Civil Rights Division of the Justice Department one summer when he was a law student, and how this experience helped him in his efforts to secure a position at a large law firm in Virginia after he graduated.  He recounts his early years working at the Richmond law firm Hunton \u0026 Williams, where he did legal work for Virginia Electric and Power Company, and becoming the first African American lawyer to make partner at a white law firm in the South. Toward the end of the interview, Thomas discusses his appointment to the Supreme Court of Virginia and being the first African American appointed to the court.  He reflects on differences between himself and the other justices, in style, training, and age.  The interview closes with Thomas' thoughts on memorable opinions.   \n","In the interview of Justice John Charles Thomas by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (August 8, 2007, 1 hour, five minutes; transcript available), Thomas talks about his legal career in more detail, from his work as a young lawyer at Hunton \u0026 Williams, to his work as a justice, to his work on appellate cases after returning to private practice at Hunton \u0026 Williams.  He recalls traveling to small courthouses around Virginia and arguing cases before the supreme court as a young lawyer.  Thomas also elaborates on his nomination to the court and adjusting to being an appellate judge. He reflects on the changes he observed when Justice Elizabeth Lacy, the first woman appointed to the court, joined the men on the court, and the generation gap he felt existed between himself and Lacy and the rest of the justices, who were much older. Thomas concludes by talking about the changes he has witnessed during his lifetime and the sacrifices made by Oliver Hill and other pioneering African American lawyers as they worked to change institutions that were resistant to change.   \n","In the interview of Justice W. Carrington Thompson by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (November 14, 2007, 1 hour, 32 minutes; transcript available), Justice Thompson talks about his parents and his early life in Chatham, Virginia, particularly the influence of his father; his experiences as a student at Hampden-Sydney College, his professors, his religious education and the importance of his religious faith throughout his life.  He talks about attending law school at the University of Virginia and being in the navy during World War II in the South Pacific.  Thompson recalls his career in Chatham as a lawyer, state legislator, and circuit court judge.  He reflects on the political circumstances of his appointments to the circuit court and Supreme Court of Virginia and his decision to retire after serving only three years.  The interview closes with Thompson's thoughts on writing opinions in two death-penalty cases while he was on the court, his views on the death penalty, and his strict contructionist views on the Constitution and the role of the judiciary.     \n","In the interview of Justice Henry H. Whiting by Professor Cassandra Newby-Alexander (December 12, 2011, 1 hour, 35 minutes; transcript available), Justice Whiting talks about his family, growing up in Winchester, Va., serving in the army during World War II and witnessing the Battle of Remagen, and his thoughts about General George S. Patton, who knew his father and was his godfather; attending college and law school at Virginia Tech and the University of Virginia, and practicing law in Winchester.  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