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Childs"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":36,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:43:01.121Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00198_c02_c02"}},{"id":"viu_viu00189","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00189#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"William E. Duke and Mrs. Gerald\n         C. Kinne","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00189#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis addition to the papers of the Duke familyof Charlottesville, Virginia, consists of twenty-one items, 1836, and 1865-1919, chiefly the correspondence of Colonel Richard Thomas Walker Dukeand his son, Judge Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00189#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_viu00189","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00189","_root_":"viu_viu00189","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00189","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00189.xml","title_ssm":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919"],"title_tesim":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919"],"text":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919","9521-j","21 items","This addition to the papers of the \n         Duke familyof \n         Charlottesville, Virginia, consists of\n         twenty-one items, 1836, and 1865-1919, chiefly the\n         correspondence of Colonel \n         Richard Thomas Walker Dukeand his son,\n         Judge \n         Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","One letter to Col. Duke (February 6, 1865) from \n         W. F. Alexander, concerns the claim of\n         the \n         Albemarle Poor Housefor wood used by the\n         Confederate troops while encamped upon land adjacent to their\n         property. There are four letters from Col. Duke to his wife, \n         Elizabeth Eskridge Duke, written while he\n         was a prisoner of war on \n         Johnson's Island, a Union prison camp at \n         Sandusky Bay, Lake Erie, for Confederate\n         officers. Col. Duke was sent there after being captured on\n         April 6, 1865 at \n         Sayler's Creek.","Duke reports that the prisoners of war received good\n         treatment from General \n         Ulysses S. Grant's men, who divided their\n         rations with them and did not submit them to taunts or insults\n         during the march north, and he also mentions that the living\n         conditions of the prison itself were quite bearable (April 20,\n         1865).","In a later letter (June 9, 1865), he asks his wife to write\n         a letter to President \n         Andrew Johnsonfor his release as all\n         officers above the rank of major will be released only upon\n         special application. He tells her to bring up several points\n         in her petition: 1) he is needed at home to provide for her\n         and their children, 2) he has no influential friends to work\n         on his behalf to secure his release, 3) he is opposed to\n         guerilla war and he refused to allow his son William to join \n         John Singleton Mosby's Raiders.","Duke reports the release of all prisoners below the rank of\n         major and again requests his wife's aid in securing a special\n         release for himself. In this letter (June 10, 1865), he\n         suggests that she write to General Grant telling him that\n         their income is limited, he is needed at home, she will be\n         responsible for his good behavior, he is opposed to guerilla\n         war, and that he applied on April 25 to take the amnesty oath.\n         In addition, he tells her to go to the commander of the\n         Federal forces in \n         Charlottesvilleand ask him to write to\n         General Grant to secure a release for him based on character\n         references from leading citizens of \n         Charlottesville. Col. \n         R. T. W. Dukealso furnishes a detailed\n         description of the \n         Johnson's Islandprison and the place of\n         confinement called the \"Bull pen\", mentioning the gardens of\n         some of the officers, the rations of bread, meat, salt, soap,\n         beans, and hominy, and the presence of a sutter and his store\n         in the pen.","In the fourth letter, he writes concerning the decision of\n         his former slave \n         Janeto leave the Duke farm before his\n         return home, and he tells his wife to get the others to stay\n         on until he can negotiate their hire (June 29, 1865).","Other family letters include one from Col. Duke to his son,\n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.describing a fierce\n         political vote in the \n         Virginia General Assemblyduring the\n         readjuster controversy (January 25, 1880), and letters from \n         Mary Duke, \n         Eskridge Duke, \n         Walker Duke, and \n         Jack Dukeconcerning family news.","Letters from \n         John Singleton Mosbyto \n         R.T.W. Duke, Jr.written while Mosby was\n         employed for the \n         United States Justice Departmentcontain\n         the following topics: Mosby calls the attempt to blame \n         James Ewell Brown Stuartfor the\n         Confederate defeat at the Battle of \n         Gettysburgas \"one of the greatest crimes\n         in history\" (April 17, 1908); Mosby discourses on his great\n         distaste for the \"profession\" of football in the universities\n         and argues that \"it is more talked about at the University\n         than literature or science\"; he bemoans the irony that\n         \"Cockfighting is a criminal offense in Virginia but killing a\n         man at football is not\" (December 1, 1909); and he speaks with\n         pleasure of his reception at the \n         University of Virginiaand in \n         Albemarle County(May 10, 1915).","Other printed or miscellaneous items include an invitation\n         to the inauguaration of \n         Edwin A. Aldermanas president of the \n         University of Virginiaon April 13, 1905;\n         a postcard picture of Confederate veterans taken at the\n         unveiling of the \n         Confederate Soldier's Monumentat \n         Buckingham Court Houseon June 30, 1908,\n         which included \n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.; and the British\n         Identity Book issued to \n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.on February 5,\n         1919.","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Albemarle Poor House","John Singleton Mosby's Raiders","Virginia General Assembly","United States Justice Department","University of Virginia","Confederate Soldier's Monument","Buckingham Court House","Duke family","Richard Thomas Walker Duke","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","W. F. Alexander","Elizabeth Eskridge Duke","Ulysses S. Grant","Andrew Johnson","R. T. W. Duke","Jane","R. T. W. Duke, Jr.","Mary Duke","Eskridge Duke","Walker Duke","Jack Duke","John Singleton Mosby","R.T.W. Duke, Jr.","James Ewell Brown Stuart","Edwin A. Alderman","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919"],"collection_ssim":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["9521-j"],"unitid_tesim":["9521-j"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["William E. Duke and Mrs. Gerald\n         C. Kinne"],"creator_ssim":["William E. Duke and Mrs. Gerald\n         C. Kinne"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Richard Thomas Walker Duke","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","W. F. Alexander","Elizabeth Eskridge Duke","Ulysses S. Grant","Andrew Johnson","R. T. W. Duke","Jane","R. T. W. Duke, Jr.","Mary Duke","Eskridge Duke","Walker Duke","Jack Duke","John Singleton Mosby","R.T.W. Duke, Jr.","James Ewell Brown Stuart","Edwin A. Alderman"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Albemarle Poor House","John Singleton Mosby's Raiders","Virginia General Assembly","United States Justice Department","University of Virginia","Confederate Soldier's Monument","Buckingham Court House"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Duke family"],"creators_ssim":["Richard Thomas Walker Duke","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","W. F. Alexander","Elizabeth Eskridge Duke","Ulysses S. Grant","Andrew Johnson","R. T. W. Duke","Jane","R. T. W. Duke, Jr.","Mary Duke","Eskridge Duke","Walker Duke","Jack Duke","John Singleton Mosby","R.T.W. Duke, Jr.","James Ewell Brown Stuart","Edwin A. Alderman","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Albemarle Poor House","John Singleton Mosby's Raiders","Virginia General Assembly","United States Justice Department","University of Virginia","Confederate Soldier's Monument","Buckingham Court House","Duke family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was given to the Library on April 15,\n            1987 by Mr. William E. Duke of Richmond, Virginia, and Mrs.\n            Gerald C. Kinne of Setauket, New York."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["21 items"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis addition to the papers of the \n         \u003cfamname\u003eDuke family\u003c/famname\u003eof \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e, consists of\n         twenty-one items, 1836, and 1865-1919, chiefly the\n         correspondence of Colonel \n         \u003cpersname\u003eRichard Thomas Walker Duke\u003c/persname\u003eand his son,\n         Judge \n         \u003cpersname\u003eRichard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOne letter to Col. Duke (February 6, 1865) from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eW. F. Alexander\u003c/persname\u003e, concerns the claim of\n         the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eAlbemarle Poor House\u003c/corpname\u003efor wood used by the\n         Confederate troops while encamped upon land adjacent to their\n         property. There are four letters from Col. Duke to his wife, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eElizabeth Eskridge Duke\u003c/persname\u003e, written while he\n         was a prisoner of war on \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eJohnson's Island\u003c/geogname\u003e, a Union prison camp at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eSandusky Bay, Lake Erie\u003c/geogname\u003e, for Confederate\n         officers. Col. Duke was sent there after being captured on\n         April 6, 1865 at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eSayler's Creek.\u003c/geogname\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuke reports that the prisoners of war received good\n         treatment from General \n         \u003cpersname\u003eUlysses S. Grant\u003c/persname\u003e's men, who divided their\n         rations with them and did not submit them to taunts or insults\n         during the march north, and he also mentions that the living\n         conditions of the prison itself were quite bearable (April 20,\n         1865).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn a later letter (June 9, 1865), he asks his wife to write\n         a letter to President \n         \u003cpersname\u003eAndrew Johnson\u003c/persname\u003efor his release as all\n         officers above the rank of major will be released only upon\n         special application. He tells her to bring up several points\n         in her petition: 1) he is needed at home to provide for her\n         and their children, 2) he has no influential friends to work\n         on his behalf to secure his release, 3) he is opposed to\n         guerilla war and he refused to allow his son William to join \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eJohn Singleton Mosby's Raiders\u003c/corpname\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuke reports the release of all prisoners below the rank of\n         major and again requests his wife's aid in securing a special\n         release for himself. In this letter (June 10, 1865), he\n         suggests that she write to General Grant telling him that\n         their income is limited, he is needed at home, she will be\n         responsible for his good behavior, he is opposed to guerilla\n         war, and that he applied on April 25 to take the amnesty oath.\n         In addition, he tells her to go to the commander of the\n         Federal forces in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eCharlottesville\u003c/geogname\u003eand ask him to write to\n         General Grant to secure a release for him based on character\n         references from leading citizens of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eCharlottesville\u003c/geogname\u003e. Col. \n         \u003cpersname\u003eR. T. W. Duke\u003c/persname\u003ealso furnishes a detailed\n         description of the \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eJohnson's Island\u003c/geogname\u003eprison and the place of\n         confinement called the \"Bull pen\", mentioning the gardens of\n         some of the officers, the rations of bread, meat, salt, soap,\n         beans, and hominy, and the presence of a sutter and his store\n         in the pen.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn the fourth letter, he writes concerning the decision of\n         his former slave \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJane\u003c/persname\u003eto leave the Duke farm before his\n         return home, and he tells his wife to get the others to stay\n         on until he can negotiate their hire (June 29, 1865).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOther family letters include one from Col. Duke to his son,\n         \u003cpersname\u003eR. T. W. Duke, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003edescribing a fierce\n         political vote in the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eVirginia General Assembly\u003c/corpname\u003eduring the\n         readjuster controversy (January 25, 1880), and letters from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eMary Duke\u003c/persname\u003e, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eEskridge Duke\u003c/persname\u003e, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWalker Duke\u003c/persname\u003e, and \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJack Duke\u003c/persname\u003econcerning family news.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetters from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Singleton Mosby\u003c/persname\u003eto \n         \u003cpersname\u003eR.T.W. Duke, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003ewritten while Mosby was\n         employed for the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eUnited States Justice Department\u003c/corpname\u003econtain\n         the following topics: Mosby calls the attempt to blame \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJames Ewell Brown Stuart\u003c/persname\u003efor the\n         Confederate defeat at the Battle of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eGettysburg\u003c/geogname\u003eas \"one of the greatest crimes\n         in history\" (April 17, 1908); Mosby discourses on his great\n         distaste for the \"profession\" of football in the universities\n         and argues that \"it is more talked about at the University\n         than literature or science\"; he bemoans the irony that\n         \"Cockfighting is a criminal offense in Virginia but killing a\n         man at football is not\" (December 1, 1909); and he speaks with\n         pleasure of his reception at the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Virginia\u003c/corpname\u003eand in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eAlbemarle County\u003c/geogname\u003e(May 10, 1915).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOther printed or miscellaneous items include an invitation\n         to the inauguaration of \n         \u003cpersname\u003eEdwin A. Alderman\u003c/persname\u003eas president of the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Virginia\u003c/corpname\u003eon April 13, 1905;\n         a postcard picture of Confederate veterans taken at the\n         unveiling of the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eConfederate Soldier's Monument\u003c/corpname\u003eat \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eBuckingham Court House\u003c/corpname\u003eon June 30, 1908,\n         which included \n         \u003cpersname\u003eR. T. W. Duke, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003e; and the British\n         Identity Book issued to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eR. T. W. Duke, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003eon February 5,\n         1919.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This addition to the papers of the \n         Duke familyof \n         Charlottesville, Virginia, consists of\n         twenty-one items, 1836, and 1865-1919, chiefly the\n         correspondence of Colonel \n         Richard Thomas Walker Dukeand his son,\n         Judge \n         Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","One letter to Col. Duke (February 6, 1865) from \n         W. F. Alexander, concerns the claim of\n         the \n         Albemarle Poor Housefor wood used by the\n         Confederate troops while encamped upon land adjacent to their\n         property. There are four letters from Col. Duke to his wife, \n         Elizabeth Eskridge Duke, written while he\n         was a prisoner of war on \n         Johnson's Island, a Union prison camp at \n         Sandusky Bay, Lake Erie, for Confederate\n         officers. Col. Duke was sent there after being captured on\n         April 6, 1865 at \n         Sayler's Creek.","Duke reports that the prisoners of war received good\n         treatment from General \n         Ulysses S. Grant's men, who divided their\n         rations with them and did not submit them to taunts or insults\n         during the march north, and he also mentions that the living\n         conditions of the prison itself were quite bearable (April 20,\n         1865).","In a later letter (June 9, 1865), he asks his wife to write\n         a letter to President \n         Andrew Johnsonfor his release as all\n         officers above the rank of major will be released only upon\n         special application. He tells her to bring up several points\n         in her petition: 1) he is needed at home to provide for her\n         and their children, 2) he has no influential friends to work\n         on his behalf to secure his release, 3) he is opposed to\n         guerilla war and he refused to allow his son William to join \n         John Singleton Mosby's Raiders.","Duke reports the release of all prisoners below the rank of\n         major and again requests his wife's aid in securing a special\n         release for himself. In this letter (June 10, 1865), he\n         suggests that she write to General Grant telling him that\n         their income is limited, he is needed at home, she will be\n         responsible for his good behavior, he is opposed to guerilla\n         war, and that he applied on April 25 to take the amnesty oath.\n         In addition, he tells her to go to the commander of the\n         Federal forces in \n         Charlottesvilleand ask him to write to\n         General Grant to secure a release for him based on character\n         references from leading citizens of \n         Charlottesville. Col. \n         R. T. W. Dukealso furnishes a detailed\n         description of the \n         Johnson's Islandprison and the place of\n         confinement called the \"Bull pen\", mentioning the gardens of\n         some of the officers, the rations of bread, meat, salt, soap,\n         beans, and hominy, and the presence of a sutter and his store\n         in the pen.","In the fourth letter, he writes concerning the decision of\n         his former slave \n         Janeto leave the Duke farm before his\n         return home, and he tells his wife to get the others to stay\n         on until he can negotiate their hire (June 29, 1865).","Other family letters include one from Col. Duke to his son,\n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.describing a fierce\n         political vote in the \n         Virginia General Assemblyduring the\n         readjuster controversy (January 25, 1880), and letters from \n         Mary Duke, \n         Eskridge Duke, \n         Walker Duke, and \n         Jack Dukeconcerning family news.","Letters from \n         John Singleton Mosbyto \n         R.T.W. Duke, Jr.written while Mosby was\n         employed for the \n         United States Justice Departmentcontain\n         the following topics: Mosby calls the attempt to blame \n         James Ewell Brown Stuartfor the\n         Confederate defeat at the Battle of \n         Gettysburgas \"one of the greatest crimes\n         in history\" (April 17, 1908); Mosby discourses on his great\n         distaste for the \"profession\" of football in the universities\n         and argues that \"it is more talked about at the University\n         than literature or science\"; he bemoans the irony that\n         \"Cockfighting is a criminal offense in Virginia but killing a\n         man at football is not\" (December 1, 1909); and he speaks with\n         pleasure of his reception at the \n         University of Virginiaand in \n         Albemarle County(May 10, 1915).","Other printed or miscellaneous items include an invitation\n         to the inauguaration of \n         Edwin A. Aldermanas president of the \n         University of Virginiaon April 13, 1905;\n         a postcard picture of Confederate veterans taken at the\n         unveiling of the \n         Confederate Soldier's Monumentat \n         Buckingham Court Houseon June 30, 1908,\n         which included \n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.; and the British\n         Identity Book issued to \n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.on February 5,\n         1919."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Albemarle Poor House","John Singleton Mosby's Raiders","Virginia General Assembly","United States Justice Department","University of Virginia","Confederate Soldier's Monument","Buckingham Court House"],"famname_ssim":["Duke family"],"persname_ssim":["Richard Thomas Walker Duke","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","W. F. Alexander","Elizabeth Eskridge Duke","Ulysses S. Grant","Andrew Johnson","R. T. W. Duke","Jane","R. T. W. Duke, Jr.","Mary Duke","Eskridge Duke","Walker Duke","Jack Duke","John Singleton Mosby","R.T.W. Duke, Jr.","James Ewell Brown Stuart","Edwin A. Alderman"],"names_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Albemarle Poor House","John Singleton Mosby's Raiders","Virginia General Assembly","United States Justice Department","University of Virginia","Confederate Soldier's Monument","Buckingham Court House","Duke family","Richard Thomas Walker Duke","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","W. F. Alexander","Elizabeth Eskridge Duke","Ulysses S. Grant","Andrew Johnson","R. T. W. Duke","Jane","R. T. W. Duke, Jr.","Mary Duke","Eskridge Duke","Walker Duke","Jack Duke","John Singleton Mosby","R.T.W. Duke, Jr.","James Ewell Brown Stuart","Edwin A. Alderman"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:43:01.121Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu00189","ead_ssi":"viu_viu00189","_root_":"viu_viu00189","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu00189","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu00189.xml","title_ssm":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919"],"title_tesim":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919"],"text":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919","9521-j","21 items","This addition to the papers of the \n         Duke familyof \n         Charlottesville, Virginia, consists of\n         twenty-one items, 1836, and 1865-1919, chiefly the\n         correspondence of Colonel \n         Richard Thomas Walker Dukeand his son,\n         Judge \n         Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","One letter to Col. Duke (February 6, 1865) from \n         W. F. Alexander, concerns the claim of\n         the \n         Albemarle Poor Housefor wood used by the\n         Confederate troops while encamped upon land adjacent to their\n         property. There are four letters from Col. Duke to his wife, \n         Elizabeth Eskridge Duke, written while he\n         was a prisoner of war on \n         Johnson's Island, a Union prison camp at \n         Sandusky Bay, Lake Erie, for Confederate\n         officers. Col. Duke was sent there after being captured on\n         April 6, 1865 at \n         Sayler's Creek.","Duke reports that the prisoners of war received good\n         treatment from General \n         Ulysses S. Grant's men, who divided their\n         rations with them and did not submit them to taunts or insults\n         during the march north, and he also mentions that the living\n         conditions of the prison itself were quite bearable (April 20,\n         1865).","In a later letter (June 9, 1865), he asks his wife to write\n         a letter to President \n         Andrew Johnsonfor his release as all\n         officers above the rank of major will be released only upon\n         special application. He tells her to bring up several points\n         in her petition: 1) he is needed at home to provide for her\n         and their children, 2) he has no influential friends to work\n         on his behalf to secure his release, 3) he is opposed to\n         guerilla war and he refused to allow his son William to join \n         John Singleton Mosby's Raiders.","Duke reports the release of all prisoners below the rank of\n         major and again requests his wife's aid in securing a special\n         release for himself. In this letter (June 10, 1865), he\n         suggests that she write to General Grant telling him that\n         their income is limited, he is needed at home, she will be\n         responsible for his good behavior, he is opposed to guerilla\n         war, and that he applied on April 25 to take the amnesty oath.\n         In addition, he tells her to go to the commander of the\n         Federal forces in \n         Charlottesvilleand ask him to write to\n         General Grant to secure a release for him based on character\n         references from leading citizens of \n         Charlottesville. Col. \n         R. T. W. Dukealso furnishes a detailed\n         description of the \n         Johnson's Islandprison and the place of\n         confinement called the \"Bull pen\", mentioning the gardens of\n         some of the officers, the rations of bread, meat, salt, soap,\n         beans, and hominy, and the presence of a sutter and his store\n         in the pen.","In the fourth letter, he writes concerning the decision of\n         his former slave \n         Janeto leave the Duke farm before his\n         return home, and he tells his wife to get the others to stay\n         on until he can negotiate their hire (June 29, 1865).","Other family letters include one from Col. Duke to his son,\n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.describing a fierce\n         political vote in the \n         Virginia General Assemblyduring the\n         readjuster controversy (January 25, 1880), and letters from \n         Mary Duke, \n         Eskridge Duke, \n         Walker Duke, and \n         Jack Dukeconcerning family news.","Letters from \n         John Singleton Mosbyto \n         R.T.W. Duke, Jr.written while Mosby was\n         employed for the \n         United States Justice Departmentcontain\n         the following topics: Mosby calls the attempt to blame \n         James Ewell Brown Stuartfor the\n         Confederate defeat at the Battle of \n         Gettysburgas \"one of the greatest crimes\n         in history\" (April 17, 1908); Mosby discourses on his great\n         distaste for the \"profession\" of football in the universities\n         and argues that \"it is more talked about at the University\n         than literature or science\"; he bemoans the irony that\n         \"Cockfighting is a criminal offense in Virginia but killing a\n         man at football is not\" (December 1, 1909); and he speaks with\n         pleasure of his reception at the \n         University of Virginiaand in \n         Albemarle County(May 10, 1915).","Other printed or miscellaneous items include an invitation\n         to the inauguaration of \n         Edwin A. Aldermanas president of the \n         University of Virginiaon April 13, 1905;\n         a postcard picture of Confederate veterans taken at the\n         unveiling of the \n         Confederate Soldier's Monumentat \n         Buckingham Court Houseon June 30, 1908,\n         which included \n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.; and the British\n         Identity Book issued to \n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.on February 5,\n         1919.","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Albemarle Poor House","John Singleton Mosby's Raiders","Virginia General Assembly","United States Justice Department","University of Virginia","Confederate Soldier's Monument","Buckingham Court House","Duke family","Richard Thomas Walker Duke","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","W. F. Alexander","Elizabeth Eskridge Duke","Ulysses S. Grant","Andrew Johnson","R. T. W. Duke","Jane","R. T. W. Duke, Jr.","Mary Duke","Eskridge Duke","Walker Duke","Jack Duke","John Singleton Mosby","R.T.W. Duke, Jr.","James Ewell Brown Stuart","Edwin A. Alderman","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919"],"collection_ssim":["Duke Family Papers \n 1836 and\n 1865-1919"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["9521-j"],"unitid_tesim":["9521-j"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["William E. Duke and Mrs. Gerald\n         C. Kinne"],"creator_ssim":["William E. Duke and Mrs. Gerald\n         C. Kinne"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Richard Thomas Walker Duke","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","W. F. Alexander","Elizabeth Eskridge Duke","Ulysses S. Grant","Andrew Johnson","R. T. W. Duke","Jane","R. T. W. Duke, Jr.","Mary Duke","Eskridge Duke","Walker Duke","Jack Duke","John Singleton Mosby","R.T.W. Duke, Jr.","James Ewell Brown Stuart","Edwin A. Alderman"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Albemarle Poor House","John Singleton Mosby's Raiders","Virginia General Assembly","United States Justice Department","University of Virginia","Confederate Soldier's Monument","Buckingham Court House"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Duke family"],"creators_ssim":["Richard Thomas Walker Duke","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","W. F. Alexander","Elizabeth Eskridge Duke","Ulysses S. Grant","Andrew Johnson","R. T. W. Duke","Jane","R. T. W. Duke, Jr.","Mary Duke","Eskridge Duke","Walker Duke","Jack Duke","John Singleton Mosby","R.T.W. Duke, Jr.","James Ewell Brown Stuart","Edwin A. Alderman","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Albemarle Poor House","John Singleton Mosby's Raiders","Virginia General Assembly","United States Justice Department","University of Virginia","Confederate Soldier's Monument","Buckingham Court House","Duke family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was given to the Library on April 15,\n            1987 by Mr. William E. Duke of Richmond, Virginia, and Mrs.\n            Gerald C. Kinne of Setauket, New York."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["21 items"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis addition to the papers of the \n         \u003cfamname\u003eDuke family\u003c/famname\u003eof \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e, consists of\n         twenty-one items, 1836, and 1865-1919, chiefly the\n         correspondence of Colonel \n         \u003cpersname\u003eRichard Thomas Walker Duke\u003c/persname\u003eand his son,\n         Judge \n         \u003cpersname\u003eRichard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOne letter to Col. Duke (February 6, 1865) from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eW. F. Alexander\u003c/persname\u003e, concerns the claim of\n         the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eAlbemarle Poor House\u003c/corpname\u003efor wood used by the\n         Confederate troops while encamped upon land adjacent to their\n         property. There are four letters from Col. Duke to his wife, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eElizabeth Eskridge Duke\u003c/persname\u003e, written while he\n         was a prisoner of war on \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eJohnson's Island\u003c/geogname\u003e, a Union prison camp at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eSandusky Bay, Lake Erie\u003c/geogname\u003e, for Confederate\n         officers. Col. Duke was sent there after being captured on\n         April 6, 1865 at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eSayler's Creek.\u003c/geogname\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuke reports that the prisoners of war received good\n         treatment from General \n         \u003cpersname\u003eUlysses S. Grant\u003c/persname\u003e's men, who divided their\n         rations with them and did not submit them to taunts or insults\n         during the march north, and he also mentions that the living\n         conditions of the prison itself were quite bearable (April 20,\n         1865).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn a later letter (June 9, 1865), he asks his wife to write\n         a letter to President \n         \u003cpersname\u003eAndrew Johnson\u003c/persname\u003efor his release as all\n         officers above the rank of major will be released only upon\n         special application. He tells her to bring up several points\n         in her petition: 1) he is needed at home to provide for her\n         and their children, 2) he has no influential friends to work\n         on his behalf to secure his release, 3) he is opposed to\n         guerilla war and he refused to allow his son William to join \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eJohn Singleton Mosby's Raiders\u003c/corpname\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDuke reports the release of all prisoners below the rank of\n         major and again requests his wife's aid in securing a special\n         release for himself. In this letter (June 10, 1865), he\n         suggests that she write to General Grant telling him that\n         their income is limited, he is needed at home, she will be\n         responsible for his good behavior, he is opposed to guerilla\n         war, and that he applied on April 25 to take the amnesty oath.\n         In addition, he tells her to go to the commander of the\n         Federal forces in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eCharlottesville\u003c/geogname\u003eand ask him to write to\n         General Grant to secure a release for him based on character\n         references from leading citizens of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eCharlottesville\u003c/geogname\u003e. Col. \n         \u003cpersname\u003eR. T. W. Duke\u003c/persname\u003ealso furnishes a detailed\n         description of the \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eJohnson's Island\u003c/geogname\u003eprison and the place of\n         confinement called the \"Bull pen\", mentioning the gardens of\n         some of the officers, the rations of bread, meat, salt, soap,\n         beans, and hominy, and the presence of a sutter and his store\n         in the pen.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn the fourth letter, he writes concerning the decision of\n         his former slave \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJane\u003c/persname\u003eto leave the Duke farm before his\n         return home, and he tells his wife to get the others to stay\n         on until he can negotiate their hire (June 29, 1865).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOther family letters include one from Col. Duke to his son,\n         \u003cpersname\u003eR. T. W. Duke, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003edescribing a fierce\n         political vote in the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eVirginia General Assembly\u003c/corpname\u003eduring the\n         readjuster controversy (January 25, 1880), and letters from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eMary Duke\u003c/persname\u003e, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eEskridge Duke\u003c/persname\u003e, \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWalker Duke\u003c/persname\u003e, and \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJack Duke\u003c/persname\u003econcerning family news.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetters from \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJohn Singleton Mosby\u003c/persname\u003eto \n         \u003cpersname\u003eR.T.W. Duke, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003ewritten while Mosby was\n         employed for the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eUnited States Justice Department\u003c/corpname\u003econtain\n         the following topics: Mosby calls the attempt to blame \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJames Ewell Brown Stuart\u003c/persname\u003efor the\n         Confederate defeat at the Battle of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eGettysburg\u003c/geogname\u003eas \"one of the greatest crimes\n         in history\" (April 17, 1908); Mosby discourses on his great\n         distaste for the \"profession\" of football in the universities\n         and argues that \"it is more talked about at the University\n         than literature or science\"; he bemoans the irony that\n         \"Cockfighting is a criminal offense in Virginia but killing a\n         man at football is not\" (December 1, 1909); and he speaks with\n         pleasure of his reception at the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Virginia\u003c/corpname\u003eand in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eAlbemarle County\u003c/geogname\u003e(May 10, 1915).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOther printed or miscellaneous items include an invitation\n         to the inauguaration of \n         \u003cpersname\u003eEdwin A. Alderman\u003c/persname\u003eas president of the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eUniversity of Virginia\u003c/corpname\u003eon April 13, 1905;\n         a postcard picture of Confederate veterans taken at the\n         unveiling of the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eConfederate Soldier's Monument\u003c/corpname\u003eat \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eBuckingham Court House\u003c/corpname\u003eon June 30, 1908,\n         which included \n         \u003cpersname\u003eR. T. W. Duke, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003e; and the British\n         Identity Book issued to \n         \u003cpersname\u003eR. T. W. Duke, Jr.\u003c/persname\u003eon February 5,\n         1919.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This addition to the papers of the \n         Duke familyof \n         Charlottesville, Virginia, consists of\n         twenty-one items, 1836, and 1865-1919, chiefly the\n         correspondence of Colonel \n         Richard Thomas Walker Dukeand his son,\n         Judge \n         Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","One letter to Col. Duke (February 6, 1865) from \n         W. F. Alexander, concerns the claim of\n         the \n         Albemarle Poor Housefor wood used by the\n         Confederate troops while encamped upon land adjacent to their\n         property. There are four letters from Col. Duke to his wife, \n         Elizabeth Eskridge Duke, written while he\n         was a prisoner of war on \n         Johnson's Island, a Union prison camp at \n         Sandusky Bay, Lake Erie, for Confederate\n         officers. Col. Duke was sent there after being captured on\n         April 6, 1865 at \n         Sayler's Creek.","Duke reports that the prisoners of war received good\n         treatment from General \n         Ulysses S. Grant's men, who divided their\n         rations with them and did not submit them to taunts or insults\n         during the march north, and he also mentions that the living\n         conditions of the prison itself were quite bearable (April 20,\n         1865).","In a later letter (June 9, 1865), he asks his wife to write\n         a letter to President \n         Andrew Johnsonfor his release as all\n         officers above the rank of major will be released only upon\n         special application. He tells her to bring up several points\n         in her petition: 1) he is needed at home to provide for her\n         and their children, 2) he has no influential friends to work\n         on his behalf to secure his release, 3) he is opposed to\n         guerilla war and he refused to allow his son William to join \n         John Singleton Mosby's Raiders.","Duke reports the release of all prisoners below the rank of\n         major and again requests his wife's aid in securing a special\n         release for himself. In this letter (June 10, 1865), he\n         suggests that she write to General Grant telling him that\n         their income is limited, he is needed at home, she will be\n         responsible for his good behavior, he is opposed to guerilla\n         war, and that he applied on April 25 to take the amnesty oath.\n         In addition, he tells her to go to the commander of the\n         Federal forces in \n         Charlottesvilleand ask him to write to\n         General Grant to secure a release for him based on character\n         references from leading citizens of \n         Charlottesville. Col. \n         R. T. W. Dukealso furnishes a detailed\n         description of the \n         Johnson's Islandprison and the place of\n         confinement called the \"Bull pen\", mentioning the gardens of\n         some of the officers, the rations of bread, meat, salt, soap,\n         beans, and hominy, and the presence of a sutter and his store\n         in the pen.","In the fourth letter, he writes concerning the decision of\n         his former slave \n         Janeto leave the Duke farm before his\n         return home, and he tells his wife to get the others to stay\n         on until he can negotiate their hire (June 29, 1865).","Other family letters include one from Col. Duke to his son,\n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.describing a fierce\n         political vote in the \n         Virginia General Assemblyduring the\n         readjuster controversy (January 25, 1880), and letters from \n         Mary Duke, \n         Eskridge Duke, \n         Walker Duke, and \n         Jack Dukeconcerning family news.","Letters from \n         John Singleton Mosbyto \n         R.T.W. Duke, Jr.written while Mosby was\n         employed for the \n         United States Justice Departmentcontain\n         the following topics: Mosby calls the attempt to blame \n         James Ewell Brown Stuartfor the\n         Confederate defeat at the Battle of \n         Gettysburgas \"one of the greatest crimes\n         in history\" (April 17, 1908); Mosby discourses on his great\n         distaste for the \"profession\" of football in the universities\n         and argues that \"it is more talked about at the University\n         than literature or science\"; he bemoans the irony that\n         \"Cockfighting is a criminal offense in Virginia but killing a\n         man at football is not\" (December 1, 1909); and he speaks with\n         pleasure of his reception at the \n         University of Virginiaand in \n         Albemarle County(May 10, 1915).","Other printed or miscellaneous items include an invitation\n         to the inauguaration of \n         Edwin A. Aldermanas president of the \n         University of Virginiaon April 13, 1905;\n         a postcard picture of Confederate veterans taken at the\n         unveiling of the \n         Confederate Soldier's Monumentat \n         Buckingham Court Houseon June 30, 1908,\n         which included \n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.; and the British\n         Identity Book issued to \n         R. T. W. Duke, Jr.on February 5,\n         1919."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Albemarle Poor House","John Singleton Mosby's Raiders","Virginia General Assembly","United States Justice Department","University of Virginia","Confederate Soldier's Monument","Buckingham Court House"],"famname_ssim":["Duke family"],"persname_ssim":["Richard Thomas Walker Duke","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","W. F. Alexander","Elizabeth Eskridge Duke","Ulysses S. Grant","Andrew Johnson","R. T. W. Duke","Jane","R. T. W. Duke, Jr.","Mary Duke","Eskridge Duke","Walker Duke","Jack Duke","John Singleton Mosby","R.T.W. Duke, Jr.","James Ewell Brown Stuart","Edwin A. Alderman"],"names_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Albemarle Poor House","John Singleton Mosby's Raiders","Virginia General Assembly","United States Justice Department","University of Virginia","Confederate Soldier's Monument","Buckingham Court House","Duke family","Richard Thomas Walker Duke","Richard Thomas Walker Duke, Jr.","W. F. Alexander","Elizabeth Eskridge Duke","Ulysses S. Grant","Andrew Johnson","R. T. W. Duke","Jane","R. T. W. Duke, Jr.","Mary Duke","Eskridge Duke","Walker Duke","Jack Duke","John Singleton Mosby","R.T.W. Duke, Jr.","James Ewell Brown Stuart","Edwin A. Alderman"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:43:01.121Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu00189"}},{"id":"viu_viu01032","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01032#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThese four collection consists of a total of 31 items (including ten letters) of George Williams, a Civil War soldier from Monroeville, Huron County, Ohio, to his sister, 1863 \u0026amp; 1865. Williams was a musician in Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regimentand served in Virginiaand Maryland. These letters and their typescripts (including multiple photocopies of photographs of Williams in uniform) have been interfiled chronologically with previous #11003 accessions. All letters, with the exception of January 1, 1865, are accompanied either by an envelope, a photocopy of a Williams photograph, or both.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01032#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_viu01032","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01032","_root_":"viu_viu01032","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01032","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01032.xml","title_ssm":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865"],"title_tesim":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865"],"text":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865","11003-d, -e, -f and\n         -g","31 items","These four collection consists of a total of 31 items\n         (including ten letters) of \n         George Williams, a Civil War soldier from\n         Monroeville, Huron County, Ohio, to his\n         sister, 1863 \u0026 1865. Williams was a musician in \n         Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regimentand\n         served in \n         Virginiaand \n         Maryland. These letters and their\n         typescripts (including multiple photocopies of photographs of\n         Williams in uniform) have been interfiled chronologically with\n         previous #11003 accessions. All letters, with the exception of\n         January 1, 1865, are accompanied either by an envelope, a\n         photocopy of a Williams photograph, or both.","The majority of these Williams letters were written during\n         1863 and addressed to his sister, Lill ( \n         Lillias Williams) while stationed in \n         Virginia( \n         Martinsburg, \n         New Market Heights, \n         Petersburg, and \n         Winchester) and \n         Sharpsburgand \n         Annapolis, Maryland. Williams discusses\n         personal, family, and war news. Members of his and other\n         regiments such as the \n         55th New Jersey Infantry, the \n         18th Connecticut, and the \n         34th Massachusetts Infantryas well as\n         various generals and prominent civilians, are mentioned by\n         name: \n         Benjamin F. Butler[1818-1893]; \n         Ulysses S. Grant[1822-1885]; \n         Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson[1824-1863];\n         Abraham Lincoln[1809-1865]; \n         William Starke Rosecrans[1819-1898]; \n         Philip H. Sheridan[1831-1888]; and \n         Edwin M. Stanton[1814-1869].","On 3 June 1863, Williams writes to his sister from \n         Winchester, Virginia, with camp news\n         including fact that \n         George Frithwas not promoted (see letter\n         of 26 July 1863) but \n         Edward L. Hustedwas promoted to rank of\n         second lieutenant and quartermaster. Williams describes the\n         accidental death by a gunshot wound to the head of Private\n         Green [Crary Green, 31 May 1863] of Company C, due to\n         discharge of a rifle being cleaned by a member of Company E:\n         \"It was a sad affair. The boy that shot him feels very bad\n         about it.\"","Two days later, 5 June 1863, he informs \"Dear Friends\" of\n         return of members (\"paroled boys\") of the regiment captured at\n         the battle of \n         Winchesterand tells of an incompetent\n         doctor who is petitioned by the men to resign or else: \"I\n         guess he will skedaddle if he dont he will get what he dont\n         want.\" Williams mentions General \n         Ulysses S. Grantand the impending success\n         of his army [the \n         Vicksburgsiege] and the daily arrival of\n         rebel deserters tired of the war and discouraged by the death\n         of Confederate General \n         Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson.","On 26 July 1863, while at \n         Sharpsburg, Maryland, Williams speaks\n         well of the memory of a recently-deceased \"General Frith\"\n         (First Sergeant \n         George J. Frithdied as the result of\n         wounds received at the battle of \n         Winchesteron June 20, 1863) and describes\n         events and aftermath of the battle of \n         Winchester(Second \n         Winchester, June 13-15, 1863) including\n         the demoralization of the men and lack of discipline (most of\n         the regiment was surrendered to the Confederates). However,\n         nineteen rebel deserters were captured, took oaths of\n         allegiance and were sent to \n         Baltimore. The stationery bears a color\n         figure of a woman holding an American flag captioned \"One Flag\n         For The Whole County.\"","On 14 August 1863, while at \n         Martinsburg, Virginia[now West Virginia]\n         he characterizes its residents as destitute but Union troops\n         \"are living on the top shelf\" and sampling an abundance of\n         foods. Williams also notes that \"it will soon be a year that I\n         have been working for Uncle Samuel and the happyest year I\n         ever spent take all things in consideration\"; the troops have\n         plenty of reading materials, including \n         Harper's Weekly, \n         Frank Leslie's, daily newspapers from \n         Baltimore, and dime novels--fifty are\n         read in camp every day.","Williams comments on distant yet relevant events on 29\n         September 1863--the XI and XII Army Corps (and the \n         55th New Jersey Infantry) have passed\n         through \n         Martinsburgby train to reinforce General \n         William Starke Rosecrans[who had\n         retreated to Chattanooga, Tennessee, after his defeat at the\n         battle of Chickamauga]. Most of the \n         123rd Ohio, including all of Company B\n         except Williams and Joe [ \n         Joseph Sallabank], are guarding a bridge\n         forty miles from \n         Martinsburg, but he and Joe \"have got two\n         drums and fifes so we make considerable noise.\"","Williams continued to enjoy himself in \n         Martinsburgas evidenced by his letter to\n         his sister of 12 November 1863. He attends church services\n         with a \"Virginia lady\" named Florella, has lodgings with a\n         local family, and claims \n         Martinsburgresidents think the world of\n         the Union soldiers and are \"the finest people\" he has ever\n         met. In fact, life is so good in the town that it does not\n         seem like he is in the army, and the food is so plentiful that\n         if she were to see him eat \"it would make your eyes water.\"\n         The troops are well-dressed with paper collars and sutler\n         shirts and musicians wear stripes on their pants; he claims\n         that the \n         18th Connecticut Infantryis known as \"the\n         Mackerels.\"","At the beginning of 1865 (1 January) he sends New Year's\n         greetings to his sister from \n         Petersburg, Virginia. His regiment is\n         assigned to the Army of the James [1st Brigade, 1st Division,\n         Army of West Virginia attached to XXIV Army Corps] and has\n         been building winter quarters; there is some discussion of\n         family news but he complains: \"It is so cold I cant hardly\n         write.\" By 11 January he is at \n         New Market Heightsand sends a description\n         of the construction of camp quarters. There was \"great\n         excitement\" due orders which offered thirty-day furloughs for\n         one man in ten but this news was replaced with gloom following\n         another order revoking it. General \n         Benjamin F. Butlerhas been removed from\n         command and it is rumored that he will be replaced as\n         commander of the Army of the James by General \n         Philip H. Sheridan. Meanwhile, Williams\n         complains about delays in arrival of the company's band\n         instruments and praises the band of the \n         34th Massachusetts Infantry.","His letter of 19 March 1865, written at \n         Camp Holly, Virginia, reports that the\n         regiment is assigned to the XXIV Army Corps, 1st Independent\n         Division, (Army of the James) and its corps badge is a white\n         heart. The corps was reviewed [17 March] by General Grant\n         (\"not a very good looking man as some others but that noble\n         countenance denoted a man of good Princable and a perfect\n         gentleman\"), Secretary of War \n         Edwin M. Stanton(\"a Glasseyed old fellow\n         not very prepossing\") and various unnamed generals and ladies\n         (\"or they called them so\"). Williams continues with news of\n         camp activities, dress parades, an unaccustomed food shortage\n         and hunger which is relieved by the issuing of potatoes and\n         onions, and a lecture by a member of the \n         U. S. Christian Commission.","From \n         Annapolis, Maryland, on 17 April 1865,\n         William describes his capture on 6 April at the battle of \n         High Bridge, Virginia[near Farmville and\n         the Appomattox River], the wounding of Captain \n         [John F.] Randolph, and the regiment's\n         subsequent release and return to Union lines on the 9th after\n         Lee's surrender at \n         Appomattox(during his captivity the\n         rebels took all of Williams' private property and his fife).\n         He mourns the assassination of President \n         Abraham Lincoln[1809-1865] and adds that\n         the regiment is to report to \n         Camp Chase, Ohio, where he expects it\n         will be mustered out.","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regiment","55th New Jersey Infantry","18th Connecticut","34th Massachusetts Infantry","123rd Ohio","18th Connecticut Infantry","U. S. Christian Commission","George Williams","Lillias Williams","Benjamin F. Butler","Ulysses S. Grant","Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson","Abraham Lincoln","William Starke Rosecrans","Philip H. Sheridan","Edwin M. Stanton","George Frith","Edward L. Husted","George J. Frith","Joseph Sallabank","[John F.] Randolph","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865"],"collection_ssim":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["11003-d, -e, -f and\n         -g"],"unitid_tesim":["11003-d, -e, -f and\n         -g"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_persname_ssim":["George Williams","Lillias Williams","Benjamin F. Butler","Ulysses S. Grant","Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson","Abraham Lincoln","William Starke Rosecrans","Philip H. Sheridan","Edwin M. Stanton","George Frith","Edward L. Husted","George J. Frith","Joseph Sallabank","[John F.] Randolph"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regiment","55th New Jersey Infantry","18th Connecticut","34th Massachusetts Infantry","123rd Ohio","18th Connecticut Infantry","U. S. Christian Commission"],"creators_ssim":["George Williams","Lillias Williams","Benjamin F. Butler","Ulysses S. Grant","Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson","Abraham Lincoln","William Starke Rosecrans","Philip H. Sheridan","Edwin M. Stanton","George Frith","Edward L. Husted","George J. Frith","Joseph Sallabank","[John F.] Randolph","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regiment","55th New Jersey Infantry","18th Connecticut","34th Massachusetts Infantry","123rd Ohio","18th Connecticut Infantry","U. S. Christian Commission"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Williams letters were purchased on May 26, April 26\n            and November 10, 1992."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["31 items"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese four collection consists of a total of 31 items\n         (including ten letters) of \n         \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge Williams\u003c/persname\u003e, a Civil War soldier from\n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMonroeville, Huron County, Ohio\u003c/geogname\u003e, to his\n         sister, 1863 \u0026amp; 1865. Williams was a musician in \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eCompany B of the 123rd Ohio Regiment\u003c/corpname\u003eand\n         served in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eVirginia\u003c/geogname\u003eand \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMaryland\u003c/geogname\u003e. These letters and their\n         typescripts (including multiple photocopies of photographs of\n         Williams in uniform) have been interfiled chronologically with\n         previous #11003 accessions. All letters, with the exception of\n         January 1, 1865, are accompanied either by an envelope, a\n         photocopy of a Williams photograph, or both.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of these Williams letters were written during\n         1863 and addressed to his sister, Lill ( \n         \u003cpersname\u003eLillias Williams\u003c/persname\u003e) while stationed in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eVirginia\u003c/geogname\u003e( \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg\u003c/geogname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eNew Market Heights\u003c/geogname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003ePetersburg\u003c/geogname\u003e, and \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester\u003c/geogname\u003e) and \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eSharpsburg\u003c/geogname\u003eand \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eAnnapolis, Maryland\u003c/geogname\u003e. Williams discusses\n         personal, family, and war news. Members of his and other\n         regiments such as the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e55th New Jersey Infantry\u003c/corpname\u003e, the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e18th Connecticut\u003c/corpname\u003e, and the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e34th Massachusetts Infantry\u003c/corpname\u003eas well as\n         various generals and prominent civilians, are mentioned by\n         name: \n         \u003cpersname\u003eBenjamin F. Butler\u003c/persname\u003e[1818-1893]; \n         \u003cpersname\u003eUlysses S. Grant\u003c/persname\u003e[1822-1885]; \n         \u003cpersname\u003eThomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson\u003c/persname\u003e[1824-1863];\n         \u003cpersname\u003eAbraham Lincoln\u003c/persname\u003e[1809-1865]; \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Starke Rosecrans\u003c/persname\u003e[1819-1898]; \n         \u003cpersname\u003ePhilip H. Sheridan\u003c/persname\u003e[1831-1888]; and \n         \u003cpersname\u003eEdwin M. Stanton\u003c/persname\u003e[1814-1869].\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOn 3 June 1863, Williams writes to his sister from \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e, with camp news\n         including fact that \n         \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge Frith\u003c/persname\u003ewas not promoted (see letter\n         of 26 July 1863) but \n         \u003cpersname\u003eEdward L. Husted\u003c/persname\u003ewas promoted to rank of\n         second lieutenant and quartermaster. Williams describes the\n         accidental death by a gunshot wound to the head of Private\n         Green [Crary Green, 31 May 1863] of Company C, due to\n         discharge of a rifle being cleaned by a member of Company E:\n         \"It was a sad affair. The boy that shot him feels very bad\n         about it.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eTwo days later, 5 June 1863, he informs \"Dear Friends\" of\n         return of members (\"paroled boys\") of the regiment captured at\n         the battle of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester\u003c/geogname\u003eand tells of an incompetent\n         doctor who is petitioned by the men to resign or else: \"I\n         guess he will skedaddle if he dont he will get what he dont\n         want.\" Williams mentions General \n         \u003cpersname\u003eUlysses S. Grant\u003c/persname\u003eand the impending success\n         of his army [the \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eVicksburg\u003c/geogname\u003esiege] and the daily arrival of\n         rebel deserters tired of the war and discouraged by the death\n         of Confederate General \n         \u003cpersname\u003eThomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOn 26 July 1863, while at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eSharpsburg, Maryland\u003c/geogname\u003e, Williams speaks\n         well of the memory of a recently-deceased \"General Frith\"\n         (First Sergeant \n         \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge J. Frith\u003c/persname\u003edied as the result of\n         wounds received at the battle of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester\u003c/geogname\u003eon June 20, 1863) and describes\n         events and aftermath of the battle of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester\u003c/geogname\u003e(Second \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester\u003c/geogname\u003e, June 13-15, 1863) including\n         the demoralization of the men and lack of discipline (most of\n         the regiment was surrendered to the Confederates). However,\n         nineteen rebel deserters were captured, took oaths of\n         allegiance and were sent to \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eBaltimore\u003c/geogname\u003e. The stationery bears a color\n         figure of a woman holding an American flag captioned \"One Flag\n         For The Whole County.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOn 14 August 1863, while at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e[now West Virginia]\n         he characterizes its residents as destitute but Union troops\n         \"are living on the top shelf\" and sampling an abundance of\n         foods. Williams also notes that \"it will soon be a year that I\n         have been working for Uncle Samuel and the happyest year I\n         ever spent take all things in consideration\"; the troops have\n         plenty of reading materials, including \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e, \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eFrank Leslie's\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e, daily newspapers from \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eBaltimore\u003c/geogname\u003e, and dime novels--fifty are\n         read in camp every day.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWilliams comments on distant yet relevant events on 29\n         September 1863--the XI and XII Army Corps (and the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e55th New Jersey Infantry\u003c/corpname\u003e) have passed\n         through \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg\u003c/geogname\u003eby train to reinforce General \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Starke Rosecrans\u003c/persname\u003e[who had\n         retreated to Chattanooga, Tennessee, after his defeat at the\n         battle of Chickamauga]. Most of the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e123rd Ohio\u003c/corpname\u003e, including all of Company B\n         except Williams and Joe [ \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJoseph Sallabank\u003c/persname\u003e], are guarding a bridge\n         forty miles from \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg\u003c/geogname\u003e, but he and Joe \"have got two\n         drums and fifes so we make considerable noise.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWilliams continued to enjoy himself in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg\u003c/geogname\u003eas evidenced by his letter to\n         his sister of 12 November 1863. He attends church services\n         with a \"Virginia lady\" named Florella, has lodgings with a\n         local family, and claims \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg\u003c/geogname\u003eresidents think the world of\n         the Union soldiers and are \"the finest people\" he has ever\n         met. In fact, life is so good in the town that it does not\n         seem like he is in the army, and the food is so plentiful that\n         if she were to see him eat \"it would make your eyes water.\"\n         The troops are well-dressed with paper collars and sutler\n         shirts and musicians wear stripes on their pants; he claims\n         that the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e18th Connecticut Infantry\u003c/corpname\u003eis known as \"the\n         Mackerels.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAt the beginning of 1865 (1 January) he sends New Year's\n         greetings to his sister from \n         \u003cgeogname\u003ePetersburg, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e. His regiment is\n         assigned to the Army of the James [1st Brigade, 1st Division,\n         Army of West Virginia attached to XXIV Army Corps] and has\n         been building winter quarters; there is some discussion of\n         family news but he complains: \"It is so cold I cant hardly\n         write.\" By 11 January he is at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eNew Market Heights\u003c/geogname\u003eand sends a description\n         of the construction of camp quarters. There was \"great\n         excitement\" due orders which offered thirty-day furloughs for\n         one man in ten but this news was replaced with gloom following\n         another order revoking it. General \n         \u003cpersname\u003eBenjamin F. Butler\u003c/persname\u003ehas been removed from\n         command and it is rumored that he will be replaced as\n         commander of the Army of the James by General \n         \u003cpersname\u003ePhilip H. Sheridan\u003c/persname\u003e. Meanwhile, Williams\n         complains about delays in arrival of the company's band\n         instruments and praises the band of the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e34th Massachusetts Infantry\u003c/corpname\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eHis letter of 19 March 1865, written at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eCamp Holly, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e, reports that the\n         regiment is assigned to the XXIV Army Corps, 1st Independent\n         Division, (Army of the James) and its corps badge is a white\n         heart. The corps was reviewed [17 March] by General Grant\n         (\"not a very good looking man as some others but that noble\n         countenance denoted a man of good Princable and a perfect\n         gentleman\"), Secretary of War \n         \u003cpersname\u003eEdwin M. Stanton\u003c/persname\u003e(\"a Glasseyed old fellow\n         not very prepossing\") and various unnamed generals and ladies\n         (\"or they called them so\"). Williams continues with news of\n         camp activities, dress parades, an unaccustomed food shortage\n         and hunger which is relieved by the issuing of potatoes and\n         onions, and a lecture by a member of the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eU. S. Christian Commission\u003c/corpname\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFrom \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eAnnapolis, Maryland\u003c/geogname\u003e, on 17 April 1865,\n         William describes his capture on 6 April at the battle of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eHigh Bridge, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e[near Farmville and\n         the Appomattox River], the wounding of Captain \n         \u003cpersname\u003e[John F.] Randolph\u003c/persname\u003e, and the regiment's\n         subsequent release and return to Union lines on the 9th after\n         Lee's surrender at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eAppomattox\u003c/geogname\u003e(during his captivity the\n         rebels took all of Williams' private property and his fife).\n         He mourns the assassination of President \n         \u003cpersname\u003eAbraham Lincoln\u003c/persname\u003e[1809-1865] and adds that\n         the regiment is to report to \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eCamp Chase, Ohio\u003c/geogname\u003e, where he expects it\n         will be mustered out.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These four collection consists of a total of 31 items\n         (including ten letters) of \n         George Williams, a Civil War soldier from\n         Monroeville, Huron County, Ohio, to his\n         sister, 1863 \u0026 1865. Williams was a musician in \n         Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regimentand\n         served in \n         Virginiaand \n         Maryland. These letters and their\n         typescripts (including multiple photocopies of photographs of\n         Williams in uniform) have been interfiled chronologically with\n         previous #11003 accessions. All letters, with the exception of\n         January 1, 1865, are accompanied either by an envelope, a\n         photocopy of a Williams photograph, or both.","The majority of these Williams letters were written during\n         1863 and addressed to his sister, Lill ( \n         Lillias Williams) while stationed in \n         Virginia( \n         Martinsburg, \n         New Market Heights, \n         Petersburg, and \n         Winchester) and \n         Sharpsburgand \n         Annapolis, Maryland. Williams discusses\n         personal, family, and war news. Members of his and other\n         regiments such as the \n         55th New Jersey Infantry, the \n         18th Connecticut, and the \n         34th Massachusetts Infantryas well as\n         various generals and prominent civilians, are mentioned by\n         name: \n         Benjamin F. Butler[1818-1893]; \n         Ulysses S. Grant[1822-1885]; \n         Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson[1824-1863];\n         Abraham Lincoln[1809-1865]; \n         William Starke Rosecrans[1819-1898]; \n         Philip H. Sheridan[1831-1888]; and \n         Edwin M. Stanton[1814-1869].","On 3 June 1863, Williams writes to his sister from \n         Winchester, Virginia, with camp news\n         including fact that \n         George Frithwas not promoted (see letter\n         of 26 July 1863) but \n         Edward L. Hustedwas promoted to rank of\n         second lieutenant and quartermaster. Williams describes the\n         accidental death by a gunshot wound to the head of Private\n         Green [Crary Green, 31 May 1863] of Company C, due to\n         discharge of a rifle being cleaned by a member of Company E:\n         \"It was a sad affair. The boy that shot him feels very bad\n         about it.\"","Two days later, 5 June 1863, he informs \"Dear Friends\" of\n         return of members (\"paroled boys\") of the regiment captured at\n         the battle of \n         Winchesterand tells of an incompetent\n         doctor who is petitioned by the men to resign or else: \"I\n         guess he will skedaddle if he dont he will get what he dont\n         want.\" Williams mentions General \n         Ulysses S. Grantand the impending success\n         of his army [the \n         Vicksburgsiege] and the daily arrival of\n         rebel deserters tired of the war and discouraged by the death\n         of Confederate General \n         Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson.","On 26 July 1863, while at \n         Sharpsburg, Maryland, Williams speaks\n         well of the memory of a recently-deceased \"General Frith\"\n         (First Sergeant \n         George J. Frithdied as the result of\n         wounds received at the battle of \n         Winchesteron June 20, 1863) and describes\n         events and aftermath of the battle of \n         Winchester(Second \n         Winchester, June 13-15, 1863) including\n         the demoralization of the men and lack of discipline (most of\n         the regiment was surrendered to the Confederates). However,\n         nineteen rebel deserters were captured, took oaths of\n         allegiance and were sent to \n         Baltimore. The stationery bears a color\n         figure of a woman holding an American flag captioned \"One Flag\n         For The Whole County.\"","On 14 August 1863, while at \n         Martinsburg, Virginia[now West Virginia]\n         he characterizes its residents as destitute but Union troops\n         \"are living on the top shelf\" and sampling an abundance of\n         foods. Williams also notes that \"it will soon be a year that I\n         have been working for Uncle Samuel and the happyest year I\n         ever spent take all things in consideration\"; the troops have\n         plenty of reading materials, including \n         Harper's Weekly, \n         Frank Leslie's, daily newspapers from \n         Baltimore, and dime novels--fifty are\n         read in camp every day.","Williams comments on distant yet relevant events on 29\n         September 1863--the XI and XII Army Corps (and the \n         55th New Jersey Infantry) have passed\n         through \n         Martinsburgby train to reinforce General \n         William Starke Rosecrans[who had\n         retreated to Chattanooga, Tennessee, after his defeat at the\n         battle of Chickamauga]. Most of the \n         123rd Ohio, including all of Company B\n         except Williams and Joe [ \n         Joseph Sallabank], are guarding a bridge\n         forty miles from \n         Martinsburg, but he and Joe \"have got two\n         drums and fifes so we make considerable noise.\"","Williams continued to enjoy himself in \n         Martinsburgas evidenced by his letter to\n         his sister of 12 November 1863. He attends church services\n         with a \"Virginia lady\" named Florella, has lodgings with a\n         local family, and claims \n         Martinsburgresidents think the world of\n         the Union soldiers and are \"the finest people\" he has ever\n         met. In fact, life is so good in the town that it does not\n         seem like he is in the army, and the food is so plentiful that\n         if she were to see him eat \"it would make your eyes water.\"\n         The troops are well-dressed with paper collars and sutler\n         shirts and musicians wear stripes on their pants; he claims\n         that the \n         18th Connecticut Infantryis known as \"the\n         Mackerels.\"","At the beginning of 1865 (1 January) he sends New Year's\n         greetings to his sister from \n         Petersburg, Virginia. His regiment is\n         assigned to the Army of the James [1st Brigade, 1st Division,\n         Army of West Virginia attached to XXIV Army Corps] and has\n         been building winter quarters; there is some discussion of\n         family news but he complains: \"It is so cold I cant hardly\n         write.\" By 11 January he is at \n         New Market Heightsand sends a description\n         of the construction of camp quarters. There was \"great\n         excitement\" due orders which offered thirty-day furloughs for\n         one man in ten but this news was replaced with gloom following\n         another order revoking it. General \n         Benjamin F. Butlerhas been removed from\n         command and it is rumored that he will be replaced as\n         commander of the Army of the James by General \n         Philip H. Sheridan. Meanwhile, Williams\n         complains about delays in arrival of the company's band\n         instruments and praises the band of the \n         34th Massachusetts Infantry.","His letter of 19 March 1865, written at \n         Camp Holly, Virginia, reports that the\n         regiment is assigned to the XXIV Army Corps, 1st Independent\n         Division, (Army of the James) and its corps badge is a white\n         heart. The corps was reviewed [17 March] by General Grant\n         (\"not a very good looking man as some others but that noble\n         countenance denoted a man of good Princable and a perfect\n         gentleman\"), Secretary of War \n         Edwin M. Stanton(\"a Glasseyed old fellow\n         not very prepossing\") and various unnamed generals and ladies\n         (\"or they called them so\"). Williams continues with news of\n         camp activities, dress parades, an unaccustomed food shortage\n         and hunger which is relieved by the issuing of potatoes and\n         onions, and a lecture by a member of the \n         U. S. Christian Commission.","From \n         Annapolis, Maryland, on 17 April 1865,\n         William describes his capture on 6 April at the battle of \n         High Bridge, Virginia[near Farmville and\n         the Appomattox River], the wounding of Captain \n         [John F.] Randolph, and the regiment's\n         subsequent release and return to Union lines on the 9th after\n         Lee's surrender at \n         Appomattox(during his captivity the\n         rebels took all of Williams' private property and his fife).\n         He mourns the assassination of President \n         Abraham Lincoln[1809-1865] and adds that\n         the regiment is to report to \n         Camp Chase, Ohio, where he expects it\n         will be mustered out."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regiment","55th New Jersey Infantry","18th Connecticut","34th Massachusetts Infantry","123rd Ohio","18th Connecticut Infantry","U. S. Christian Commission"],"persname_ssim":["George Williams","Lillias Williams","Benjamin F. Butler","Ulysses S. Grant","Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson","Abraham Lincoln","William Starke Rosecrans","Philip H. Sheridan","Edwin M. Stanton","George Frith","Edward L. Husted","George J. Frith","Joseph Sallabank","[John F.] Randolph"],"names_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regiment","55th New Jersey Infantry","18th Connecticut","34th Massachusetts Infantry","123rd Ohio","18th Connecticut Infantry","U. S. Christian Commission","George Williams","Lillias Williams","Benjamin F. Butler","Ulysses S. Grant","Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson","Abraham Lincoln","William Starke Rosecrans","Philip H. Sheridan","Edwin M. Stanton","George Frith","Edward L. Husted","George J. Frith","Joseph Sallabank","[John F.] Randolph"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:43:37.384Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu01032","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01032","_root_":"viu_viu01032","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01032","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01032.xml","title_ssm":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865"],"title_tesim":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865"],"text":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865","11003-d, -e, -f and\n         -g","31 items","These four collection consists of a total of 31 items\n         (including ten letters) of \n         George Williams, a Civil War soldier from\n         Monroeville, Huron County, Ohio, to his\n         sister, 1863 \u0026 1865. Williams was a musician in \n         Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regimentand\n         served in \n         Virginiaand \n         Maryland. These letters and their\n         typescripts (including multiple photocopies of photographs of\n         Williams in uniform) have been interfiled chronologically with\n         previous #11003 accessions. All letters, with the exception of\n         January 1, 1865, are accompanied either by an envelope, a\n         photocopy of a Williams photograph, or both.","The majority of these Williams letters were written during\n         1863 and addressed to his sister, Lill ( \n         Lillias Williams) while stationed in \n         Virginia( \n         Martinsburg, \n         New Market Heights, \n         Petersburg, and \n         Winchester) and \n         Sharpsburgand \n         Annapolis, Maryland. Williams discusses\n         personal, family, and war news. Members of his and other\n         regiments such as the \n         55th New Jersey Infantry, the \n         18th Connecticut, and the \n         34th Massachusetts Infantryas well as\n         various generals and prominent civilians, are mentioned by\n         name: \n         Benjamin F. Butler[1818-1893]; \n         Ulysses S. Grant[1822-1885]; \n         Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson[1824-1863];\n         Abraham Lincoln[1809-1865]; \n         William Starke Rosecrans[1819-1898]; \n         Philip H. Sheridan[1831-1888]; and \n         Edwin M. Stanton[1814-1869].","On 3 June 1863, Williams writes to his sister from \n         Winchester, Virginia, with camp news\n         including fact that \n         George Frithwas not promoted (see letter\n         of 26 July 1863) but \n         Edward L. Hustedwas promoted to rank of\n         second lieutenant and quartermaster. Williams describes the\n         accidental death by a gunshot wound to the head of Private\n         Green [Crary Green, 31 May 1863] of Company C, due to\n         discharge of a rifle being cleaned by a member of Company E:\n         \"It was a sad affair. The boy that shot him feels very bad\n         about it.\"","Two days later, 5 June 1863, he informs \"Dear Friends\" of\n         return of members (\"paroled boys\") of the regiment captured at\n         the battle of \n         Winchesterand tells of an incompetent\n         doctor who is petitioned by the men to resign or else: \"I\n         guess he will skedaddle if he dont he will get what he dont\n         want.\" Williams mentions General \n         Ulysses S. Grantand the impending success\n         of his army [the \n         Vicksburgsiege] and the daily arrival of\n         rebel deserters tired of the war and discouraged by the death\n         of Confederate General \n         Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson.","On 26 July 1863, while at \n         Sharpsburg, Maryland, Williams speaks\n         well of the memory of a recently-deceased \"General Frith\"\n         (First Sergeant \n         George J. Frithdied as the result of\n         wounds received at the battle of \n         Winchesteron June 20, 1863) and describes\n         events and aftermath of the battle of \n         Winchester(Second \n         Winchester, June 13-15, 1863) including\n         the demoralization of the men and lack of discipline (most of\n         the regiment was surrendered to the Confederates). However,\n         nineteen rebel deserters were captured, took oaths of\n         allegiance and were sent to \n         Baltimore. The stationery bears a color\n         figure of a woman holding an American flag captioned \"One Flag\n         For The Whole County.\"","On 14 August 1863, while at \n         Martinsburg, Virginia[now West Virginia]\n         he characterizes its residents as destitute but Union troops\n         \"are living on the top shelf\" and sampling an abundance of\n         foods. Williams also notes that \"it will soon be a year that I\n         have been working for Uncle Samuel and the happyest year I\n         ever spent take all things in consideration\"; the troops have\n         plenty of reading materials, including \n         Harper's Weekly, \n         Frank Leslie's, daily newspapers from \n         Baltimore, and dime novels--fifty are\n         read in camp every day.","Williams comments on distant yet relevant events on 29\n         September 1863--the XI and XII Army Corps (and the \n         55th New Jersey Infantry) have passed\n         through \n         Martinsburgby train to reinforce General \n         William Starke Rosecrans[who had\n         retreated to Chattanooga, Tennessee, after his defeat at the\n         battle of Chickamauga]. Most of the \n         123rd Ohio, including all of Company B\n         except Williams and Joe [ \n         Joseph Sallabank], are guarding a bridge\n         forty miles from \n         Martinsburg, but he and Joe \"have got two\n         drums and fifes so we make considerable noise.\"","Williams continued to enjoy himself in \n         Martinsburgas evidenced by his letter to\n         his sister of 12 November 1863. He attends church services\n         with a \"Virginia lady\" named Florella, has lodgings with a\n         local family, and claims \n         Martinsburgresidents think the world of\n         the Union soldiers and are \"the finest people\" he has ever\n         met. In fact, life is so good in the town that it does not\n         seem like he is in the army, and the food is so plentiful that\n         if she were to see him eat \"it would make your eyes water.\"\n         The troops are well-dressed with paper collars and sutler\n         shirts and musicians wear stripes on their pants; he claims\n         that the \n         18th Connecticut Infantryis known as \"the\n         Mackerels.\"","At the beginning of 1865 (1 January) he sends New Year's\n         greetings to his sister from \n         Petersburg, Virginia. His regiment is\n         assigned to the Army of the James [1st Brigade, 1st Division,\n         Army of West Virginia attached to XXIV Army Corps] and has\n         been building winter quarters; there is some discussion of\n         family news but he complains: \"It is so cold I cant hardly\n         write.\" By 11 January he is at \n         New Market Heightsand sends a description\n         of the construction of camp quarters. There was \"great\n         excitement\" due orders which offered thirty-day furloughs for\n         one man in ten but this news was replaced with gloom following\n         another order revoking it. General \n         Benjamin F. Butlerhas been removed from\n         command and it is rumored that he will be replaced as\n         commander of the Army of the James by General \n         Philip H. Sheridan. Meanwhile, Williams\n         complains about delays in arrival of the company's band\n         instruments and praises the band of the \n         34th Massachusetts Infantry.","His letter of 19 March 1865, written at \n         Camp Holly, Virginia, reports that the\n         regiment is assigned to the XXIV Army Corps, 1st Independent\n         Division, (Army of the James) and its corps badge is a white\n         heart. The corps was reviewed [17 March] by General Grant\n         (\"not a very good looking man as some others but that noble\n         countenance denoted a man of good Princable and a perfect\n         gentleman\"), Secretary of War \n         Edwin M. Stanton(\"a Glasseyed old fellow\n         not very prepossing\") and various unnamed generals and ladies\n         (\"or they called them so\"). Williams continues with news of\n         camp activities, dress parades, an unaccustomed food shortage\n         and hunger which is relieved by the issuing of potatoes and\n         onions, and a lecture by a member of the \n         U. S. Christian Commission.","From \n         Annapolis, Maryland, on 17 April 1865,\n         William describes his capture on 6 April at the battle of \n         High Bridge, Virginia[near Farmville and\n         the Appomattox River], the wounding of Captain \n         [John F.] Randolph, and the regiment's\n         subsequent release and return to Union lines on the 9th after\n         Lee's surrender at \n         Appomattox(during his captivity the\n         rebels took all of Williams' private property and his fife).\n         He mourns the assassination of President \n         Abraham Lincoln[1809-1865] and adds that\n         the regiment is to report to \n         Camp Chase, Ohio, where he expects it\n         will be mustered out.","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regiment","55th New Jersey Infantry","18th Connecticut","34th Massachusetts Infantry","123rd Ohio","18th Connecticut Infantry","U. S. Christian Commission","George Williams","Lillias Williams","Benjamin F. Butler","Ulysses S. Grant","Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson","Abraham Lincoln","William Starke Rosecrans","Philip H. Sheridan","Edwin M. Stanton","George Frith","Edward L. Husted","George J. Frith","Joseph Sallabank","[John F.] Randolph","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865"],"collection_ssim":["George Williams Civil War Letters \n 1863-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["11003-d, -e, -f and\n         -g"],"unitid_tesim":["11003-d, -e, -f and\n         -g"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_persname_ssim":["George Williams","Lillias Williams","Benjamin F. Butler","Ulysses S. Grant","Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson","Abraham Lincoln","William Starke Rosecrans","Philip H. Sheridan","Edwin M. Stanton","George Frith","Edward L. Husted","George J. Frith","Joseph Sallabank","[John F.] Randolph"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regiment","55th New Jersey Infantry","18th Connecticut","34th Massachusetts Infantry","123rd Ohio","18th Connecticut Infantry","U. S. Christian Commission"],"creators_ssim":["George Williams","Lillias Williams","Benjamin F. Butler","Ulysses S. Grant","Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson","Abraham Lincoln","William Starke Rosecrans","Philip H. Sheridan","Edwin M. Stanton","George Frith","Edward L. Husted","George J. Frith","Joseph Sallabank","[John F.] Randolph","University of Virginia. Library. Special\n            Collections Dept.","Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regiment","55th New Jersey Infantry","18th Connecticut","34th Massachusetts Infantry","123rd Ohio","18th Connecticut Infantry","U. S. Christian Commission"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Williams letters were purchased on May 26, April 26\n            and November 10, 1992."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["31 items"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese four collection consists of a total of 31 items\n         (including ten letters) of \n         \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge Williams\u003c/persname\u003e, a Civil War soldier from\n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMonroeville, Huron County, Ohio\u003c/geogname\u003e, to his\n         sister, 1863 \u0026amp; 1865. Williams was a musician in \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eCompany B of the 123rd Ohio Regiment\u003c/corpname\u003eand\n         served in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eVirginia\u003c/geogname\u003eand \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMaryland\u003c/geogname\u003e. These letters and their\n         typescripts (including multiple photocopies of photographs of\n         Williams in uniform) have been interfiled chronologically with\n         previous #11003 accessions. All letters, with the exception of\n         January 1, 1865, are accompanied either by an envelope, a\n         photocopy of a Williams photograph, or both.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of these Williams letters were written during\n         1863 and addressed to his sister, Lill ( \n         \u003cpersname\u003eLillias Williams\u003c/persname\u003e) while stationed in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eVirginia\u003c/geogname\u003e( \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg\u003c/geogname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eNew Market Heights\u003c/geogname\u003e, \n         \u003cgeogname\u003ePetersburg\u003c/geogname\u003e, and \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester\u003c/geogname\u003e) and \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eSharpsburg\u003c/geogname\u003eand \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eAnnapolis, Maryland\u003c/geogname\u003e. Williams discusses\n         personal, family, and war news. Members of his and other\n         regiments such as the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e55th New Jersey Infantry\u003c/corpname\u003e, the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e18th Connecticut\u003c/corpname\u003e, and the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e34th Massachusetts Infantry\u003c/corpname\u003eas well as\n         various generals and prominent civilians, are mentioned by\n         name: \n         \u003cpersname\u003eBenjamin F. Butler\u003c/persname\u003e[1818-1893]; \n         \u003cpersname\u003eUlysses S. Grant\u003c/persname\u003e[1822-1885]; \n         \u003cpersname\u003eThomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson\u003c/persname\u003e[1824-1863];\n         \u003cpersname\u003eAbraham Lincoln\u003c/persname\u003e[1809-1865]; \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Starke Rosecrans\u003c/persname\u003e[1819-1898]; \n         \u003cpersname\u003ePhilip H. Sheridan\u003c/persname\u003e[1831-1888]; and \n         \u003cpersname\u003eEdwin M. Stanton\u003c/persname\u003e[1814-1869].\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOn 3 June 1863, Williams writes to his sister from \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e, with camp news\n         including fact that \n         \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge Frith\u003c/persname\u003ewas not promoted (see letter\n         of 26 July 1863) but \n         \u003cpersname\u003eEdward L. Husted\u003c/persname\u003ewas promoted to rank of\n         second lieutenant and quartermaster. Williams describes the\n         accidental death by a gunshot wound to the head of Private\n         Green [Crary Green, 31 May 1863] of Company C, due to\n         discharge of a rifle being cleaned by a member of Company E:\n         \"It was a sad affair. The boy that shot him feels very bad\n         about it.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eTwo days later, 5 June 1863, he informs \"Dear Friends\" of\n         return of members (\"paroled boys\") of the regiment captured at\n         the battle of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester\u003c/geogname\u003eand tells of an incompetent\n         doctor who is petitioned by the men to resign or else: \"I\n         guess he will skedaddle if he dont he will get what he dont\n         want.\" Williams mentions General \n         \u003cpersname\u003eUlysses S. Grant\u003c/persname\u003eand the impending success\n         of his army [the \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eVicksburg\u003c/geogname\u003esiege] and the daily arrival of\n         rebel deserters tired of the war and discouraged by the death\n         of Confederate General \n         \u003cpersname\u003eThomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson\u003c/persname\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOn 26 July 1863, while at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eSharpsburg, Maryland\u003c/geogname\u003e, Williams speaks\n         well of the memory of a recently-deceased \"General Frith\"\n         (First Sergeant \n         \u003cpersname\u003eGeorge J. Frith\u003c/persname\u003edied as the result of\n         wounds received at the battle of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester\u003c/geogname\u003eon June 20, 1863) and describes\n         events and aftermath of the battle of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester\u003c/geogname\u003e(Second \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eWinchester\u003c/geogname\u003e, June 13-15, 1863) including\n         the demoralization of the men and lack of discipline (most of\n         the regiment was surrendered to the Confederates). However,\n         nineteen rebel deserters were captured, took oaths of\n         allegiance and were sent to \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eBaltimore\u003c/geogname\u003e. The stationery bears a color\n         figure of a woman holding an American flag captioned \"One Flag\n         For The Whole County.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOn 14 August 1863, while at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e[now West Virginia]\n         he characterizes its residents as destitute but Union troops\n         \"are living on the top shelf\" and sampling an abundance of\n         foods. Williams also notes that \"it will soon be a year that I\n         have been working for Uncle Samuel and the happyest year I\n         ever spent take all things in consideration\"; the troops have\n         plenty of reading materials, including \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eHarper's Weekly\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e, \n         \u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eFrank Leslie's\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e, daily newspapers from \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eBaltimore\u003c/geogname\u003e, and dime novels--fifty are\n         read in camp every day.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWilliams comments on distant yet relevant events on 29\n         September 1863--the XI and XII Army Corps (and the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e55th New Jersey Infantry\u003c/corpname\u003e) have passed\n         through \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg\u003c/geogname\u003eby train to reinforce General \n         \u003cpersname\u003eWilliam Starke Rosecrans\u003c/persname\u003e[who had\n         retreated to Chattanooga, Tennessee, after his defeat at the\n         battle of Chickamauga]. Most of the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e123rd Ohio\u003c/corpname\u003e, including all of Company B\n         except Williams and Joe [ \n         \u003cpersname\u003eJoseph Sallabank\u003c/persname\u003e], are guarding a bridge\n         forty miles from \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg\u003c/geogname\u003e, but he and Joe \"have got two\n         drums and fifes so we make considerable noise.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWilliams continued to enjoy himself in \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg\u003c/geogname\u003eas evidenced by his letter to\n         his sister of 12 November 1863. He attends church services\n         with a \"Virginia lady\" named Florella, has lodgings with a\n         local family, and claims \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eMartinsburg\u003c/geogname\u003eresidents think the world of\n         the Union soldiers and are \"the finest people\" he has ever\n         met. In fact, life is so good in the town that it does not\n         seem like he is in the army, and the food is so plentiful that\n         if she were to see him eat \"it would make your eyes water.\"\n         The troops are well-dressed with paper collars and sutler\n         shirts and musicians wear stripes on their pants; he claims\n         that the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e18th Connecticut Infantry\u003c/corpname\u003eis known as \"the\n         Mackerels.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAt the beginning of 1865 (1 January) he sends New Year's\n         greetings to his sister from \n         \u003cgeogname\u003ePetersburg, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e. His regiment is\n         assigned to the Army of the James [1st Brigade, 1st Division,\n         Army of West Virginia attached to XXIV Army Corps] and has\n         been building winter quarters; there is some discussion of\n         family news but he complains: \"It is so cold I cant hardly\n         write.\" By 11 January he is at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eNew Market Heights\u003c/geogname\u003eand sends a description\n         of the construction of camp quarters. There was \"great\n         excitement\" due orders which offered thirty-day furloughs for\n         one man in ten but this news was replaced with gloom following\n         another order revoking it. General \n         \u003cpersname\u003eBenjamin F. Butler\u003c/persname\u003ehas been removed from\n         command and it is rumored that he will be replaced as\n         commander of the Army of the James by General \n         \u003cpersname\u003ePhilip H. Sheridan\u003c/persname\u003e. Meanwhile, Williams\n         complains about delays in arrival of the company's band\n         instruments and praises the band of the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003e34th Massachusetts Infantry\u003c/corpname\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eHis letter of 19 March 1865, written at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eCamp Holly, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e, reports that the\n         regiment is assigned to the XXIV Army Corps, 1st Independent\n         Division, (Army of the James) and its corps badge is a white\n         heart. The corps was reviewed [17 March] by General Grant\n         (\"not a very good looking man as some others but that noble\n         countenance denoted a man of good Princable and a perfect\n         gentleman\"), Secretary of War \n         \u003cpersname\u003eEdwin M. Stanton\u003c/persname\u003e(\"a Glasseyed old fellow\n         not very prepossing\") and various unnamed generals and ladies\n         (\"or they called them so\"). Williams continues with news of\n         camp activities, dress parades, an unaccustomed food shortage\n         and hunger which is relieved by the issuing of potatoes and\n         onions, and a lecture by a member of the \n         \u003ccorpname\u003eU. S. Christian Commission\u003c/corpname\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFrom \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eAnnapolis, Maryland\u003c/geogname\u003e, on 17 April 1865,\n         William describes his capture on 6 April at the battle of \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eHigh Bridge, Virginia\u003c/geogname\u003e[near Farmville and\n         the Appomattox River], the wounding of Captain \n         \u003cpersname\u003e[John F.] Randolph\u003c/persname\u003e, and the regiment's\n         subsequent release and return to Union lines on the 9th after\n         Lee's surrender at \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eAppomattox\u003c/geogname\u003e(during his captivity the\n         rebels took all of Williams' private property and his fife).\n         He mourns the assassination of President \n         \u003cpersname\u003eAbraham Lincoln\u003c/persname\u003e[1809-1865] and adds that\n         the regiment is to report to \n         \u003cgeogname\u003eCamp Chase, Ohio\u003c/geogname\u003e, where he expects it\n         will be mustered out.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["These four collection consists of a total of 31 items\n         (including ten letters) of \n         George Williams, a Civil War soldier from\n         Monroeville, Huron County, Ohio, to his\n         sister, 1863 \u0026 1865. Williams was a musician in \n         Company B of the 123rd Ohio Regimentand\n         served in \n         Virginiaand \n         Maryland. These letters and their\n         typescripts (including multiple photocopies of photographs of\n         Williams in uniform) have been interfiled chronologically with\n         previous #11003 accessions. All letters, with the exception of\n         January 1, 1865, are accompanied either by an envelope, a\n         photocopy of a Williams photograph, or both.","The majority of these Williams letters were written during\n         1863 and addressed to his sister, Lill ( \n         Lillias Williams) while stationed in \n         Virginia( \n         Martinsburg, \n         New Market Heights, \n         Petersburg, and \n         Winchester) and \n         Sharpsburgand \n         Annapolis, Maryland. Williams discusses\n         personal, family, and war news. Members of his and other\n         regiments such as the \n         55th New Jersey Infantry, the \n         18th Connecticut, and the \n         34th Massachusetts Infantryas well as\n         various generals and prominent civilians, are mentioned by\n         name: \n         Benjamin F. Butler[1818-1893]; \n         Ulysses S. Grant[1822-1885]; \n         Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson[1824-1863];\n         Abraham Lincoln[1809-1865]; \n         William Starke Rosecrans[1819-1898]; \n         Philip H. Sheridan[1831-1888]; and \n         Edwin M. Stanton[1814-1869].","On 3 June 1863, Williams writes to his sister from \n         Winchester, Virginia, with camp news\n         including fact that \n         George Frithwas not promoted (see letter\n         of 26 July 1863) but \n         Edward L. Hustedwas promoted to rank of\n         second lieutenant and quartermaster. Williams describes the\n         accidental death by a gunshot wound to the head of Private\n         Green [Crary Green, 31 May 1863] of Company C, due to\n         discharge of a rifle being cleaned by a member of Company E:\n         \"It was a sad affair. The boy that shot him feels very bad\n         about it.\"","Two days later, 5 June 1863, he informs \"Dear Friends\" of\n         return of members (\"paroled boys\") of the regiment captured at\n         the battle of \n         Winchesterand tells of an incompetent\n         doctor who is petitioned by the men to resign or else: \"I\n         guess he will skedaddle if he dont he will get what he dont\n         want.\" Williams mentions General \n         Ulysses S. Grantand the impending success\n         of his army [the \n         Vicksburgsiege] and the daily arrival of\n         rebel deserters tired of the war and discouraged by the death\n         of Confederate General \n         Thomas J. \"Stonewall\" Jackson.","On 26 July 1863, while at \n         Sharpsburg, Maryland, Williams speaks\n         well of the memory of a recently-deceased \"General Frith\"\n         (First Sergeant \n         George J. Frithdied as the result of\n         wounds received at the battle of \n         Winchesteron June 20, 1863) and describes\n         events and aftermath of the battle of \n         Winchester(Second \n         Winchester, June 13-15, 1863) including\n         the demoralization of the men and lack of discipline (most of\n         the regiment was surrendered to the Confederates). However,\n         nineteen rebel deserters were captured, took oaths of\n         allegiance and were sent to \n         Baltimore. The stationery bears a color\n         figure of a woman holding an American flag captioned \"One Flag\n         For The Whole County.\"","On 14 August 1863, while at \n         Martinsburg, Virginia[now West Virginia]\n         he characterizes its residents as destitute but Union troops\n         \"are living on the top shelf\" and sampling an abundance of\n         foods. Williams also notes that \"it will soon be a year that I\n         have been working for Uncle Samuel and the happyest year I\n         ever spent take all things in consideration\"; the troops have\n         plenty of reading materials, including \n         Harper's Weekly, \n         Frank Leslie's, daily newspapers from \n         Baltimore, and dime novels--fifty are\n         read in camp every day.","Williams comments on distant yet relevant events on 29\n         September 1863--the XI and XII Army Corps (and the \n         55th New Jersey Infantry) have passed\n         through \n         Martinsburgby train to reinforce General \n         William Starke Rosecrans[who had\n         retreated to Chattanooga, Tennessee, after his defeat at the\n         battle of Chickamauga]. Most of the \n         123rd Ohio, including all of Company B\n         except Williams and Joe [ \n         Joseph Sallabank], are guarding a bridge\n         forty miles from \n         Martinsburg, but he and Joe \"have got two\n         drums and fifes so we make considerable noise.\"","Williams continued to enjoy himself in \n         Martinsburgas evidenced by his letter to\n         his sister of 12 November 1863. He attends church services\n         with a \"Virginia lady\" named Florella, has lodgings with a\n         local family, and claims \n         Martinsburgresidents think the world of\n         the Union soldiers and are \"the finest people\" he has ever\n         met. In fact, life is so good in the town that it does not\n         seem like he is in the army, and the food is so plentiful that\n         if she were to see him eat \"it would make your eyes water.\"\n         The troops are well-dressed with paper collars and sutler\n         shirts and musicians wear stripes on their pants; he claims\n         that the \n         18th Connecticut Infantryis known as \"the\n         Mackerels.\"","At the beginning of 1865 (1 January) he sends New Year's\n         greetings to his sister from \n         Petersburg, Virginia. His regiment is\n         assigned to the Army of the James [1st Brigade, 1st Division,\n         Army of West Virginia attached to XXIV Army Corps] and has\n         been building winter quarters; there is some discussion of\n         family news but he complains: \"It is so cold I cant hardly\n         write.\" By 11 January he is at \n         New Market Heightsand sends a description\n         of the construction of camp quarters. There was \"great\n         excitement\" due orders which offered thirty-day furloughs for\n         one man in ten but this news was replaced with gloom following\n         another order revoking it. General \n         Benjamin F. Butlerhas been removed from\n         command and it is rumored that he will be replaced as\n         commander of the Army of the James by General \n         Philip H. Sheridan. Meanwhile, Williams\n         complains about delays in arrival of the company's band\n         instruments and praises the band of the \n         34th Massachusetts Infantry.","His letter of 19 March 1865, written at \n         Camp Holly, Virginia, reports that the\n         regiment is assigned to the XXIV Army Corps, 1st Independent\n         Division, (Army of the James) and its corps badge is a white\n         heart. The corps was reviewed [17 March] by General Grant\n         (\"not a very good looking man as some others but that noble\n         countenance denoted a man of good Princable and a perfect\n         gentleman\"), Secretary of War \n         Edwin M. Stanton(\"a Glasseyed old fellow\n         not very prepossing\") and various unnamed generals and ladies\n         (\"or they called them so\"). 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