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Walker\n                     [Cowen]); Doyle, Winnifred; Finlay, Linda Shaw\n                     (Mrs. Daniel Finlay); Follman, Caroline; Freeman,\n                     Allison M.; Guerin, Mary; Hall, Judy; Hrabe,\n                     Margaret; Johannesen, Gloria; Kerr, Virginia;\n                     Lucas, Carolyn; Magura, Carolyn Jane; Morrissett,\n                     Bob; Moss, Jocelyn J.; Nelson, Judy;\n                     Nelson-Saginor, Page","Palma, Susan; Powell, Billie L.; Rare Book Room\n                     Staff - Retired Files; Richards, Nancy B.; Ringer,\n                     Sarah A.; Robertshaw, Susan; Ross, Rosanne;\n                     Schumacher, Steven S.; Shrum, Suzan; Sinnott,\n                     Cynthia; Smith, Kathleen; Thornton, Neal B.;\n                     Thulean, Pat; Valkenaar, Maureen; Via, John E.;\n                     White, Amy Loope;"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":6613,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:39:11.429Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c3607"}},{"id":"viu_viu04047_c01_c160","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Z Miscellaneous\n\t2006","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu04047_c01_c160#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu04047_c01_c160","ref_ssm":["viu_viu04047_c01_c160"],"id":"viu_viu04047_c01_c160","ead_ssi":"viu_viu04047","_root_":"viu_viu04047","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu04047_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_viu04047_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_viu04047","viu_viu04047_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu04047","viu_viu04047_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files\n2004-2005","Series I: General Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files\n2004-2005","Series I: General Files"],"text":["Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files\n2004-2005","Series I: General Files","Z Miscellaneous\n\t2006","2 items","box-folder 20:8"],"title_filing_ssi":"Z Miscellaneous\n\t 2006\n\t","title_ssm":["Z Miscellaneous\n\t2006"],"title_tesim":["Z Miscellaneous\n\t2006"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Z Miscellaneous\n\t2006"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files\n2004-2005"],"physdesc_tesim":["2 items"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":161,"containers_ssim":["box-folder 20:8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#159","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:14:53.956Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu04047","ead_ssi":"viu_viu04047","_root_":"viu_viu04047","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu04047","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu04047.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files\n2004-2005"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files\n2004-2005"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-2/1/2.081\n"],"text":["RG-2/1/2.081\n","Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files\n2004-2005","7,200 items (24 Hollinger boxes, ca. 10 linear shelf feet)","\tAccess is prohibited for ten years from the date of creation unless special permission is granted by the President's Office.  Under the terms of the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Sec. 2.1-343 (4), the records of the president or other chief executive officer of any state-supported institution of higher education are exempt from the law's access provisions.\n","\nAdditional access restrictions may apply to specific student records under the terms of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (F.E.R.P.A.).\n","\tBoth the series and file headings used by the president's office have been retained. Restricted material has been placed in its own series.  There are two series: Series I) General Files (Boxes 1-20); Series II) Restricted Files (Boxes 21-24).\n","\tThese files constitute the major record series generated by the president of the University of Virginia, John Thomas Casteen, III, ca. 7,200 items (24 Hollinger boxes, ca. 10 linear shelf feet), 2005-2006.\n","\nThe records consist chiefly of correspondence, but also include reports, minutes, clippings, memoranda, and related papers concerning all areas of business of the president's office. Major topics include American Council on Education; Association of American Universities; athletics and the NCAA; the Council of Presidents of State-Aided Institutions of Higher Learning in Virginia; development; the General Assembly; the Governor of Virginia's office; the Mariners' Museum; the Medical Center and the Health Services Foundation; Reserve Officers' Training Corps; State Council of Higher Education for Virginia; and Student Affairs.","See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["RG-2/1/2.081\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files\n2004-2005"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files\n2004-2005"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files\n2004-2005"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred from the Office of the President, Madison Hall, University of Virginia, through Peggy S. Pasternak, on August 14, 2008.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["7,200 items (24 Hollinger boxes, ca. 10 linear shelf feet)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\tAccess is prohibited for ten years from the date of creation unless special permission is granted by the President's Office.  Under the terms of the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Sec. 2.1-343 (4), the records of the president or other chief executive officer of any state-supported institution of higher education are exempt from the law's access provisions.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAdditional access restrictions may apply to specific student records under the terms of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (F.E.R.P.A.).\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["\tAccess is prohibited for ten years from the date of creation unless special permission is granted by the President's Office.  Under the terms of the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Sec. 2.1-343 (4), the records of the president or other chief executive officer of any state-supported institution of higher education are exempt from the law's access provisions.\n","\nAdditional access restrictions may apply to specific student records under the terms of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (F.E.R.P.A.).\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\tBoth the series and file headings used by the president's office have been retained. Restricted material has been placed in its own series.  There are two series: Series I) General Files (Boxes 1-20); Series II) Restricted Files (Boxes 21-24).\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["\tBoth the series and file headings used by the president's office have been retained. Restricted material has been placed in its own series.  There are two series: Series I) General Files (Boxes 1-20); Series II) Restricted Files (Boxes 21-24).\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files, Accession #RG-2/1/2.081, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the President of the University of Virginia, Office Administrative Files, Accession #RG-2/1/2.081, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\tThese files constitute the major record series generated by the president of the University of Virginia, John Thomas Casteen, III, ca. 7,200 items (24 Hollinger boxes, ca. 10 linear shelf feet), 2005-2006.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe records consist chiefly of correspondence, but also include reports, minutes, clippings, memoranda, and related papers concerning all areas of business of the president's office. Major topics include American Council on Education; Association of American Universities; athletics and the NCAA; the Council of Presidents of State-Aided Institutions of Higher Learning in Virginia; development; the General Assembly; the Governor of Virginia's office; the Mariners' Museum; the Medical Center and the Health Services Foundation; Reserve Officers' Training Corps; State Council of Higher Education for Virginia; and Student Affairs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["\tThese files constitute the major record series generated by the president of the University of Virginia, John Thomas Casteen, III, ca. 7,200 items (24 Hollinger boxes, ca. 10 linear shelf feet), 2005-2006.\n","\nThe records consist chiefly of correspondence, but also include reports, minutes, clippings, memoranda, and related papers concerning all areas of business of the president's office. Major topics include American Council on Education; Association of American Universities; athletics and the NCAA; the Council of Presidents of State-Aided Institutions of Higher Learning in Virginia; development; the General Assembly; the Governor of Virginia's office; the Mariners' Museum; the Medical Center and the Health Services Foundation; Reserve Officers' Training Corps; State Council of Higher Education for Virginia; and Student Affairs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":202,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:14:53.956Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu04047_c01_c160"}},{"id":"vil_vil00018_c14_c18","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Zollicoffer, Dallas B. (North Carolina)\n\t1923","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c14_c18#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c14_c18","ref_ssm":["vil_vil00018_c14_c18"],"id":"vil_vil00018_c14_c18","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018_c14","parent_ssi":"vil_vil00018_c14","parent_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c14"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vil_vil00018","vil_vil00018_c14"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for admission to the Virginia bar from lawyers outside the state, \n1902-1929"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for admission to the Virginia bar from lawyers outside the state, \n1902-1929"],"text":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","Requests for admission to the Virginia bar from lawyers outside the state, \n1902-1929","Zollicoffer, Dallas B. (North Carolina)\n\t1923"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zollicoffer, Dallas B. (North Carolina)\n\t 1923\n\t","title_ssm":["Zollicoffer, Dallas B. (North Carolina)\n\t1923"],"title_tesim":["Zollicoffer, Dallas B. (North Carolina)\n\t1923"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zollicoffer, Dallas B. (North Carolina)\n\t1923"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":314,"_nest_path_":"/components#13/components#17","timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:06:01.957Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vil_vil00018","ead_ssi":"vil_vil00018","_root_":"vil_vil00018","_nest_parent_":"vil_vil00018","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsll-scv/vil00018.xml","title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["00031578\n"],"text":["00031578\n","Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)","1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)","Collection is open to research.\n","In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.","The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.","Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["00031578\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"collection_ssim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, \n1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909)"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State Law Library, Supreme Court of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. Supreme Court. Office of the Clerk.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These records were transferred to the State Law Library from the Office of the Clerk to the State Law Library in 2006.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1.8 cu. ft. (4 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSource: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["In 1895, the General Assembly enacted legislation transferring responsibility for examining prospective lawyers from the circuit court to the highest court in the state. The Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia established rules that provided for a written examination to be held in Richmond, Staunton, and Wytheville at different times of year while the court was in session. The examinations were open to any applicant, provided he was at least 21 years old, a resident of Virginia for six months, and \"able to produce a certificate of honest demeanor from his local circuit court.\" The new rules took effect July 1, 1896. Women were implicitly denied an opportunity to apply for membership in the bar.  In 1894, a U.S. Supreme Court opinion upheld the Supreme Court of Virginia's ruling that the word \"person\" meant \"man\" in an 1887 statute regarding admission of foreign attorneys (LOCKWOOD, EX PARTE, 154 U.S. 116).","An act approved by the General Assembly March 14, 1910, established the Virginia Board of Bar Examiners and authorized it to license lawyers and determine the qualifications of applicants who wished to take the bar examination.  The Board served under the auspices of the Supreme Court of Appeals.","Source: J. Gordon Hylton, \"The Written Bar Examination and the Development of the Modern Legal Profession in Virginia,\" Richmond Law, Summer 1991 Vol. 4, No. 2, p. 6."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRequests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909), Accession 00031578, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Requests for Certification to take the Written Bar Exam, 1897-1929 (bulk 1897-1909), Accession 00031578, Supreme Court of Virginia Archives, Virginia State Law Library, Richmond, Va. \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeparated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains letters to the Supreme Court of Appeals from individuals seeking certification to take the written bar exam, 1897-1909. Most letters include character references from members of the bar in the applicant's local court.  For some applicants, the only record is a letter requesting the transfer of the file to Staunton or Wytheville.","The letters are arranged chronologically and alphabetically within each year.\n","The collection also contains two folders of correspondence, 1902-1929, from attorneys requesting admission to the Virginia bar from other states and the District of Columbia.","Separated material: Law license applications, 1898-1899, and failed bar examinations, 1903-1906, part of the collection, Records of the Supreme Court of Appeals, 1871-1914, accession number 31211."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBecause the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Because the library is not open to the general public, researchers should contact the library to arrange access to the collection.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":314,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:06:01.957Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vil_vil00018_c14_c18"}},{"id":"viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c3606","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Zolnay, Julian","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c3606#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c3606","ref_ssm":["viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c3606"],"id":"viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c3606","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02299","_root_":"viu_viu02299","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02299_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_viu02299_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_viu02299","viu_viu02299_c01","viu_viu02299_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu02299","viu_viu02299_c01","viu_viu02299_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library  \n         \n         1931-1990s","Series I: Correspondence (General)","Manuscripts Department Correspondence\n                  [ante 1990] and Patron-Use Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library  \n         \n         1931-1990s","Series I: Correspondence (General)","Manuscripts Department Correspondence\n                  [ante 1990] and Patron-Use Files"],"text":["Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library  \n         \n         1931-1990s","Series I: Correspondence (General)","Manuscripts Department Correspondence\n                  [ante 1990] and Patron-Use Files","Zolnay, Julian","box \n                     A29-12J"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zolnay, Julian","title_ssm":["Zolnay, Julian"],"title_tesim":["Zolnay, Julian"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zolnay, Julian"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library  \n         \n         1931-1990s"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":3608,"containers_ssim":["box \n                     A29-12J"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#3605","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:39:11.429Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu02299","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02299","_root_":"viu_viu02299","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02299","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu02299.xml","title_ssm":["Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library  \n         \n         1931-1990s"],"title_tesim":["Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library  \n         \n         1931-1990s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-12/11/4.021"],"text":["RG-12/11/4.021","Correspondence Files of Special Collections, University of Virginia Library  \n         \n         1931-1990s","This collection is comprised of ca. 300,000 items.","Stored off-site. Users must request boxes 48 hours in advance of desired use. Neither drop-in nor next-day requests can be fulfilled. For additional information, contact Special Collections."," Access restrictions apply to specific student and staff records under the terms of the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (F.E.R.P.A.). 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Walker\n                     [Cowen]); Doyle, Winnifred; Finlay, Linda Shaw\n                     (Mrs. Daniel Finlay); Follman, Caroline; Freeman,\n                     Allison M.; Guerin, Mary; Hall, Judy; Hrabe,\n                     Margaret; Johannesen, Gloria; Kerr, Virginia;\n                     Lucas, Carolyn; Magura, Carolyn Jane; Morrissett,\n                     Bob; Moss, Jocelyn J.; Nelson, Judy;\n                     Nelson-Saginor, Page\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePalma, Susan; Powell, Billie L.; Rare Book Room\n                     Staff - Retired Files; Richards, Nancy B.; Ringer,\n                     Sarah A.; Robertshaw, Susan; Ross, Rosanne;\n                     Schumacher, Steven S.; Shrum, Suzan; Sinnott,\n                     Cynthia; Smith, Kathleen; Thornton, Neal B.;\n                     Thulean, Pat; Valkenaar, Maureen; Via, John E.;\n                     White, Amy Loope;\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Special Collections Correspondence files pconsist chiefly of the\n         general correspondence files of Special Collections of the University of Virginia Library and like files of its predecessors, the Rare Book Department and the Manuscripts Department.","Included are patron use ledgers; patron request slips; Manuscripts Field Agent files; student assistant and employee files; dealer correspondence; thank you letters; and reference letters.","Chiefly concerning interlibrary loans, but with some information on exhibition loans.\n\t\t","Chiefly concerning interlibrary loans, but with some information on exhibition loans.\n\t\t","Chiefly concerning interlibrary loans, but with some information on exhibition loans.\n\t\t","Chiefly concerning interlibrary loans, but with some information on exhibition loans.\n\t\t","Chiefly concerning interlibrary loans, but with some information on exhibition loans.\n\t\t","Chiefly concerning interlibrary loans, but with some information on exhibition loans.\n\t\t","[1996 Publication Agreements and permissions\n                  shelved as Legal Instruments @vault mezz.]","Bierly, Carol I.; Billeaud, Lani; Boles, Nancy;\n                     Brown, Carolyn; Cowen, Juliette A. (Mrs. W. Walker\n                     [Cowen]); Doyle, Winnifred; Finlay, Linda Shaw\n                     (Mrs. Daniel Finlay); Follman, Caroline; Freeman,\n                     Allison M.; Guerin, Mary; Hall, Judy; Hrabe,\n                     Margaret; Johannesen, Gloria; Kerr, Virginia;\n                     Lucas, Carolyn; Magura, Carolyn Jane; Morrissett,\n                     Bob; Moss, Jocelyn J.; Nelson, Judy;\n                     Nelson-Saginor, Page","Palma, Susan; Powell, Billie L.; Rare Book Room\n                     Staff - Retired Files; Richards, Nancy B.; Ringer,\n                     Sarah A.; Robertshaw, Susan; Ross, Rosanne;\n                     Schumacher, Steven S.; Shrum, Suzan; Sinnott,\n                     Cynthia; Smith, Kathleen; Thornton, Neal B.;\n                     Thulean, Pat; Valkenaar, Maureen; Via, John E.;\n                     White, Amy Loope;"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":6613,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:39:11.429Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02299_c01_c01_c3606"}},{"id":"vi_vi01266_c02_c274","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Zoning,\n\t1973-1977","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01266_c02_c274#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi01266_c02_c274","ref_ssm":["vi_vi01266_c02_c274"],"id":"vi_vi01266_c02_c274","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01266","_root_":"vi_vi01266","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01266_c02","parent_ssi":"vi_vi01266_c02","parent_ssim":["vi_vi01266","vi_vi01266_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi01266","vi_vi01266_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Pioneer America Society Records\n1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976)","Series II: Subject files,\n1937-1983 (bulk 1970-1975)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Pioneer America Society Records\n1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976)","Series II: Subject files,\n1937-1983 (bulk 1970-1975)"],"text":["Pioneer America Society Records\n1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976)","Series II: Subject files,\n1937-1983 (bulk 1970-1975)","Zoning,\n\t1973-1977","box 20","folder 21"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zoning,\n\t 1973-1977\n\t","title_ssm":["Zoning,\n\t1973-1977"],"title_tesim":["Zoning,\n\t1973-1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zoning,\n\t1973-1977"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Pioneer America Society Records\n1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":531,"containers_ssim":["box 20","folder 21"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#273","timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:47:16.127Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi01266","ead_ssi":"vi_vi01266","_root_":"vi_vi01266","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi01266","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi01266.xml","title_ssm":["Pioneer America Society Records\n1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976)"],"title_tesim":["Pioneer America Society Records\n1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["40235\n"],"text":["40235\n","Pioneer America Society Records\n1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976)","7 cu. ft. (20 boxes)","Collection is open to research.\n","Arranged into two series: Series I: State/Country Files and Series II: Subject Files.\n","The Pioneer America Society was founded in July 1967 and officially incorporated in December 1968 in Virginia. The founder and executive director was Henry H. Douglas (1903-1987). The Society's mission was to record and document the evidence of America's cultural landscape, architecture, and artifacts and encourage educational programs, scholarly research, and preservation. The organization published the newsletters, \"Pioneer America\" and \"Echoes of History.\" In 1976 due to financial deficits the Society was disbanned and publication of \"Echoes of History\" was discontinued. At a later point the organization was re-established and is currently active (2006). \n","Records, 1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976) of the Pioneer America Society, based in Falls Church, Virginia. The files were collected by Henry H. Douglas, Executive Director of the Pioneer Society of America and were maintained in their original order. The records are arranged into two series: 1. State/Country Files and 2. Subject Files. \n","The records document the efforts of the organization to detail and record information on historical buildings, landscapes, people, and towns in America. The files include brochures, clippings, correspondence, data sheets, maps, photographs, and postcards. Also included are various newsletters from local and national organizations. The collection does not contain any of the organizations internal files such as financial records, membership lists, or minutes, although some correspondence is included. Rather the collection consists of files the organization gathered for information purposes on subjects they considered important for their mission of documenting America's historic treasures.  ","Series I: State/Country Files, 1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1978). This series consists of booklets, clippings, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, and postcards collected on various conservation topics. The files are arranged by state name and includes some foreign country files such as China, Japan, Russia, and Siberia. Topics include the documentation of the towns and villages in America; the history of canals, farms, forts, gold mines, mills, and railroads; how growth of cities threaten historical sites; and efforts and grants by individuals, societies, and the government to save historic sites. Also includes brochures from museums, historical sites, and local tourist bureaus across the country. Includes newsletters from the American Canal Society, Kansas Historical Society Mirror, The Long Island in History Series, Montana Post, Pennsylvania Heritage, and Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission. The files on Maryland and Virginia are the most complete, with files for cities and counties in the state.","\nOf note are the data sheets, prepared by the Pioneer America Society. These data sheets include information on various buildings and people noted for their historical significance. The sheets include the location and coordinates, photographs, and notes. The photographs are of various historic buildings such as churches, farms, homes, post offices, and schools, and of local people. Some of the data sheets also include notes and descriptions of the buildings, especially if a photograph is not attached. These data sheets are informative, but unfortunately very dispersed within the collection. Most can be found within the Pennsylvania and Virginia files. ","Also included are letters to Henry H. Douglas from other organizations asking for copies of books or newsletters published by the society, from members, and sharing information to be included in the society's newsletter. Also included are files on William E. Barrett (b. 1927), a photographer from Clifton, Virginia. He donated photographs to be used in the publications, Echoes of History and Pioneer America. Included are copies of photographs and images from a calendar of historic structures in Virginia.","Series II: Subject Files, 1937-1983 (bulk 1970-1975). This series also consists of booklets, clippings, magazine articles, minutes, newsletters, and postcards collected on various conservation topics, arranged by subject, rather than by location. Subject files include architecture, automobiles, bicentennial, blast furnaces, circuses, civil war, covered bridges, farming, Indians, Thomas Jefferson, lime kilns, living history, money raising, National Endowment for the Humanities, people, photography, pollution, preservation, railroads, rivers, roads, tobacco, trolleys, George Washington, wilderness, and Zeppelins, among others. ","Includes newsletters from the American Folklore Society, Bicentennial Newsletter, Council on Abandoned MIlitary Posts, Early Man, The Headway Recorder (National Capital Historical Museum of Transportation) Living Historical Fams Bulletin, Lynchburg Historical Society, Old Mills News, Pennsylvania Canal Society, Shenandoah Vallye Folklore Society, Society for Industrial Archeology, Society of Architectural Historians, and the Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission. ","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["40235\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Pioneer America Society Records\n1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Pioneer America Society Records\n1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976)"],"collection_ssim":["Pioneer America Society Records\n1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donor information unavailable.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["7 cu. ft. (20 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged into two series: Series I: State/Country Files and Series II: Subject Files.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged into two series: Series I: State/Country Files and Series II: Subject Files.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Pioneer America Society was founded in July 1967 and officially incorporated in December 1968 in Virginia. The founder and executive director was Henry H. Douglas (1903-1987). The Society's mission was to record and document the evidence of America's cultural landscape, architecture, and artifacts and encourage educational programs, scholarly research, and preservation. The organization published the newsletters, \"Pioneer America\" and \"Echoes of History.\" In 1976 due to financial deficits the Society was disbanned and publication of \"Echoes of History\" was discontinued. At a later point the organization was re-established and is currently active (2006). \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Pioneer America Society was founded in July 1967 and officially incorporated in December 1968 in Virginia. The founder and executive director was Henry H. Douglas (1903-1987). The Society's mission was to record and document the evidence of America's cultural landscape, architecture, and artifacts and encourage educational programs, scholarly research, and preservation. The organization published the newsletters, \"Pioneer America\" and \"Echoes of History.\" In 1976 due to financial deficits the Society was disbanned and publication of \"Echoes of History\" was discontinued. At a later point the organization was re-established and is currently active (2006). \n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePioneer America Society. Records, 1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976). Accession 40235. Organization Records Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Pioneer America Society. Records, 1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976). Accession 40235. Organization Records Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords, 1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976) of the Pioneer America Society, based in Falls Church, Virginia. The files were collected by Henry H. Douglas, Executive Director of the Pioneer Society of America and were maintained in their original order. The records are arranged into two series: 1. State/Country Files and 2. Subject Files. \n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe records document the efforts of the organization to detail and record information on historical buildings, landscapes, people, and towns in America. The files include brochures, clippings, correspondence, data sheets, maps, photographs, and postcards. Also included are various newsletters from local and national organizations. The collection does not contain any of the organizations internal files such as financial records, membership lists, or minutes, although some correspondence is included. Rather the collection consists of files the organization gathered for information purposes on subjects they considered important for their mission of documenting America's historic treasures.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: State/Country Files, 1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1978). This series consists of booklets, clippings, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, and postcards collected on various conservation topics. The files are arranged by state name and includes some foreign country files such as China, Japan, Russia, and Siberia. Topics include the documentation of the towns and villages in America; the history of canals, farms, forts, gold mines, mills, and railroads; how growth of cities threaten historical sites; and efforts and grants by individuals, societies, and the government to save historic sites. Also includes brochures from museums, historical sites, and local tourist bureaus across the country. Includes newsletters from the American Canal Society, Kansas Historical Society Mirror, The Long Island in History Series, Montana Post, Pennsylvania Heritage, and Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission. The files on Maryland and Virginia are the most complete, with files for cities and counties in the state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nOf note are the data sheets, prepared by the Pioneer America Society. These data sheets include information on various buildings and people noted for their historical significance. The sheets include the location and coordinates, photographs, and notes. The photographs are of various historic buildings such as churches, farms, homes, post offices, and schools, and of local people. Some of the data sheets also include notes and descriptions of the buildings, especially if a photograph is not attached. These data sheets are informative, but unfortunately very dispersed within the collection. Most can be found within the Pennsylvania and Virginia files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso included are letters to Henry H. Douglas from other organizations asking for copies of books or newsletters published by the society, from members, and sharing information to be included in the society's newsletter. Also included are files on William E. Barrett (b. 1927), a photographer from Clifton, Virginia. He donated photographs to be used in the publications, Echoes of History and Pioneer America. Included are copies of photographs and images from a calendar of historic structures in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Subject Files, 1937-1983 (bulk 1970-1975). This series also consists of booklets, clippings, magazine articles, minutes, newsletters, and postcards collected on various conservation topics, arranged by subject, rather than by location. Subject files include architecture, automobiles, bicentennial, blast furnaces, circuses, civil war, covered bridges, farming, Indians, Thomas Jefferson, lime kilns, living history, money raising, National Endowment for the Humanities, people, photography, pollution, preservation, railroads, rivers, roads, tobacco, trolleys, George Washington, wilderness, and Zeppelins, among others. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newsletters from the American Folklore Society, Bicentennial Newsletter, Council on Abandoned MIlitary Posts, Early Man, The Headway Recorder (National Capital Historical Museum of Transportation) Living Historical Fams Bulletin, Lynchburg Historical Society, Old Mills News, Pennsylvania Canal Society, Shenandoah Vallye Folklore Society, Society for Industrial Archeology, Society of Architectural Historians, and the Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records, 1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1976) of the Pioneer America Society, based in Falls Church, Virginia. The files were collected by Henry H. Douglas, Executive Director of the Pioneer Society of America and were maintained in their original order. The records are arranged into two series: 1. State/Country Files and 2. Subject Files. \n","The records document the efforts of the organization to detail and record information on historical buildings, landscapes, people, and towns in America. The files include brochures, clippings, correspondence, data sheets, maps, photographs, and postcards. Also included are various newsletters from local and national organizations. The collection does not contain any of the organizations internal files such as financial records, membership lists, or minutes, although some correspondence is included. Rather the collection consists of files the organization gathered for information purposes on subjects they considered important for their mission of documenting America's historic treasures.  ","Series I: State/Country Files, 1929-1984 (bulk 1968-1978). This series consists of booklets, clippings, correspondence, newsletters, photographs, and postcards collected on various conservation topics. The files are arranged by state name and includes some foreign country files such as China, Japan, Russia, and Siberia. Topics include the documentation of the towns and villages in America; the history of canals, farms, forts, gold mines, mills, and railroads; how growth of cities threaten historical sites; and efforts and grants by individuals, societies, and the government to save historic sites. Also includes brochures from museums, historical sites, and local tourist bureaus across the country. Includes newsletters from the American Canal Society, Kansas Historical Society Mirror, The Long Island in History Series, Montana Post, Pennsylvania Heritage, and Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission. The files on Maryland and Virginia are the most complete, with files for cities and counties in the state.","\nOf note are the data sheets, prepared by the Pioneer America Society. These data sheets include information on various buildings and people noted for their historical significance. The sheets include the location and coordinates, photographs, and notes. The photographs are of various historic buildings such as churches, farms, homes, post offices, and schools, and of local people. Some of the data sheets also include notes and descriptions of the buildings, especially if a photograph is not attached. These data sheets are informative, but unfortunately very dispersed within the collection. Most can be found within the Pennsylvania and Virginia files. ","Also included are letters to Henry H. Douglas from other organizations asking for copies of books or newsletters published by the society, from members, and sharing information to be included in the society's newsletter. Also included are files on William E. Barrett (b. 1927), a photographer from Clifton, Virginia. He donated photographs to be used in the publications, Echoes of History and Pioneer America. Included are copies of photographs and images from a calendar of historic structures in Virginia.","Series II: Subject Files, 1937-1983 (bulk 1970-1975). This series also consists of booklets, clippings, magazine articles, minutes, newsletters, and postcards collected on various conservation topics, arranged by subject, rather than by location. Subject files include architecture, automobiles, bicentennial, blast furnaces, circuses, civil war, covered bridges, farming, Indians, Thomas Jefferson, lime kilns, living history, money raising, National Endowment for the Humanities, people, photography, pollution, preservation, railroads, rivers, roads, tobacco, trolleys, George Washington, wilderness, and Zeppelins, among others. ","Includes newsletters from the American Folklore Society, Bicentennial Newsletter, Council on Abandoned MIlitary Posts, Early Man, The Headway Recorder (National Capital Historical Museum of Transportation) Living Historical Fams Bulletin, Lynchburg Historical Society, Old Mills News, Pennsylvania Canal Society, Shenandoah Vallye Folklore Society, Society for Industrial Archeology, Society of Architectural Historians, and the Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":531,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:47:16.127Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi01266_c02_c274"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c03_c49","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Zoning and Licensing Cases","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c03_c49#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c03_c49","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c03_c49"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c03_c49","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c03","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c03","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Museum District Association records","Zoning and Land Use Committee Cases and Licensing"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Museum District Association records","Zoning and Land Use Committee Cases and Licensing"],"text":["Museum District Association records","Zoning and Land Use Committee Cases and Licensing","Zoning and Licensing Cases"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zoning and Licensing Cases","title_ssm":["Zoning and Licensing Cases"],"title_tesim":["Zoning and Licensing Cases"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1994-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1994/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zoning and Licensing Cases"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Museum District Association records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":63,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":101,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#48","timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:39:44.631Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_221","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_221.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.library.vcu.edu/repositories/5/resources/221","title_filing_ssi":"Museum District records, 1976-2013","title_ssm":["Museum District Association records"],"title_tesim":["Museum District Association records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1986-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1986-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 421","/repositories/5/resources/221"],"text":["M 421","/repositories/5/resources/221","Museum District Association records","The collection is open to research.","This collection was donated in phases. The first donation given in neatly bound and labeled binders and has been placed chronologically but otherwise remains within each binder in complete original order. The materials donated at later times deal almost entirely with correspondence and zoning issues and are separated by materials dated before 2001, when the West of the Boulevard Civic Association became officially known as the Museum District Association, and materials dated after 2001 generated by the Zoning and Land Use Committee (Z and LUC). Materials from this portion of the MDA are organized alphabetically, with the exception of correspondences and reports which are placed chronologically in the original order they were donated. Licensing and zoning cases are arranged alphabetically by the address under review.","There are five series in this collection. Series 1. is the WOBCA papers dealing with zoning issues and board reports and correspondence from 1976 to 2001. The second is the administration information and correspondence contained within the binders and date from 1986 to 2002. Series 3 contain the Z and LUC case files. The fourth series is object based and is comprised of profile silhouette patterned fabric from a MDA event as well as miscellaneous papers. Lastly is the oversize materials; including blueprints for properties requiring zoning approval and news clippings relating to the neighborhood.","SERIES: 1. West of the Boulevard Civic Association, 1976-2001 2. Administration, 1986-2002 3. MDA Zoning and Land Use Committee, 2000-2009 Subseries A. Cases and Licensing Cases, 1994-2009 4. Fabric and Miscellaneous, circa late 1990s 5. Oversize, 1976-2009","The Museum District Association, also known as the West of the Boulevard Civic Association (hereafter referred to as MDA or WOBCA) was founded in 1964 to protect and advance the interests of the community. Their mission is also to realize the potential of the neighborhood so as to improve the quality of life for the residents living therein. The museum district is considered to be the areas up to but not including the south side of W. Broad Street on the north, Interstate I-195 on the west, the alley north of W. Cary Street on the south, and both sides of Boulevard from Broad Street to Idlewood Avenue on the east, within the boundaries of the City of Richmond, Virginia.","The MDA is presided over by a Board of Directors numbering between 12 and 18 individuals. There are standing committees overseeing all zoning and land use within the district, as well as committees for public safety and crime prevention, traffic control and environmental needs such as sidewalk conditions and garbage removal. According to the by-laws of the association any resident, be they leasing or owning, over the age of eighteen can become a voting member.","The neighborhood became designated as a federal and state historic district in 1993. The first Mother's Day House and Garden Tour held in 1995. The Columns, the MDA newsletter is delivered to all residents in the neighborhood quarterly. Their website, www.museumdistrict.org has an overview of the history of the museum district.","The collection is comprised of institutional materials ranging from the 1970s to 2009 for the MDA. There are financial records, board meeting minutes and agendas, and correspondence that are generated from the daily running of the association. There is also a great deal of presidents' notes, MDA published materials and their various stages before publishing, and miscellaneous administration documents. Most zoning cases are residential with a few restaurant business included, and are primarily comprised of board member emails and member emails pertaining to each zoning case.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Museum District Association","Orlowski, Robert","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 421","/repositories/5/resources/221"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Museum District Association records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Museum District Association records"],"collection_ssim":["Museum District Association records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Museum District Association","Orlowski, Robert"],"creator_ssim":["Museum District Association","Orlowski, Robert"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Orlowski, Robert"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Museum District Association"],"creators_ssim":["Orlowski, Robert","Museum District Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Robert Orlowski, 2010"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was donated in phases. The first donation given in neatly bound and labeled binders and has been placed chronologically but otherwise remains within each binder in complete original order. The materials donated at later times deal almost entirely with correspondence and zoning issues and are separated by materials dated before 2001, when the West of the Boulevard Civic Association became officially known as the Museum District Association, and materials dated after 2001 generated by the Zoning and Land Use Committee (Z and LUC). Materials from this portion of the MDA are organized alphabetically, with the exception of correspondences and reports which are placed chronologically in the original order they were donated. Licensing and zoning cases are arranged alphabetically by the address under review.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are five series in this collection. Series 1. is the WOBCA papers dealing with zoning issues and board reports and correspondence from 1976 to 2001. The second is the administration information and correspondence contained within the binders and date from 1986 to 2002. Series 3 contain the Z and LUC case files. The fourth series is object based and is comprised of profile silhouette patterned fabric from a MDA event as well as miscellaneous papers. Lastly is the oversize materials; including blueprints for properties requiring zoning approval and news clippings relating to the neighborhood.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSERIES: 1. West of the Boulevard Civic Association, 1976-2001 2. Administration, 1986-2002 3. MDA Zoning and Land Use Committee, 2000-2009 Subseries A. Cases and Licensing Cases, 1994-2009 4. Fabric and Miscellaneous, circa late 1990s 5. Oversize, 1976-2009\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection was donated in phases. The first donation given in neatly bound and labeled binders and has been placed chronologically but otherwise remains within each binder in complete original order. The materials donated at later times deal almost entirely with correspondence and zoning issues and are separated by materials dated before 2001, when the West of the Boulevard Civic Association became officially known as the Museum District Association, and materials dated after 2001 generated by the Zoning and Land Use Committee (Z and LUC). Materials from this portion of the MDA are organized alphabetically, with the exception of correspondences and reports which are placed chronologically in the original order they were donated. Licensing and zoning cases are arranged alphabetically by the address under review.","There are five series in this collection. Series 1. is the WOBCA papers dealing with zoning issues and board reports and correspondence from 1976 to 2001. The second is the administration information and correspondence contained within the binders and date from 1986 to 2002. Series 3 contain the Z and LUC case files. The fourth series is object based and is comprised of profile silhouette patterned fabric from a MDA event as well as miscellaneous papers. Lastly is the oversize materials; including blueprints for properties requiring zoning approval and news clippings relating to the neighborhood.","SERIES: 1. West of the Boulevard Civic Association, 1976-2001 2. Administration, 1986-2002 3. MDA Zoning and Land Use Committee, 2000-2009 Subseries A. Cases and Licensing Cases, 1994-2009 4. Fabric and Miscellaneous, circa late 1990s 5. Oversize, 1976-2009"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Museum District Association, also known as the West of the Boulevard Civic Association (hereafter referred to as MDA or WOBCA) was founded in 1964 to protect and advance the interests of the community. Their mission is also to realize the potential of the neighborhood so as to improve the quality of life for the residents living therein. The museum district is considered to be the areas up to but not including the south side of W. Broad Street on the north, Interstate I-195 on the west, the alley north of W. Cary Street on the south, and both sides of Boulevard from Broad Street to Idlewood Avenue on the east, within the boundaries of the City of Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe MDA is presided over by a Board of Directors numbering between 12 and 18 individuals. There are standing committees overseeing all zoning and land use within the district, as well as committees for public safety and crime prevention, traffic control and environmental needs such as sidewalk conditions and garbage removal. According to the by-laws of the association any resident, be they leasing or owning, over the age of eighteen can become a voting member.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe neighborhood became designated as a federal and state historic district in 1993. The first Mother's Day House and Garden Tour held in 1995. The Columns, the MDA newsletter is delivered to all residents in the neighborhood quarterly. Their website, www.museumdistrict.org has an overview of the history of the museum district.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Museum District Association, also known as the West of the Boulevard Civic Association (hereafter referred to as MDA or WOBCA) was founded in 1964 to protect and advance the interests of the community. Their mission is also to realize the potential of the neighborhood so as to improve the quality of life for the residents living therein. The museum district is considered to be the areas up to but not including the south side of W. Broad Street on the north, Interstate I-195 on the west, the alley north of W. Cary Street on the south, and both sides of Boulevard from Broad Street to Idlewood Avenue on the east, within the boundaries of the City of Richmond, Virginia.","The MDA is presided over by a Board of Directors numbering between 12 and 18 individuals. There are standing committees overseeing all zoning and land use within the district, as well as committees for public safety and crime prevention, traffic control and environmental needs such as sidewalk conditions and garbage removal. According to the by-laws of the association any resident, be they leasing or owning, over the age of eighteen can become a voting member.","The neighborhood became designated as a federal and state historic district in 1993. The first Mother's Day House and Garden Tour held in 1995. The Columns, the MDA newsletter is delivered to all residents in the neighborhood quarterly. Their website, www.museumdistrict.org has an overview of the history of the museum district."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMuseum District Records, Collection Number M 421, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Museum District Records, Collection Number M 421, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of institutional materials ranging from the 1970s to 2009 for the MDA. There are financial records, board meeting minutes and agendas, and correspondence that are generated from the daily running of the association. There is also a great deal of presidents' notes, MDA published materials and their various stages before publishing, and miscellaneous administration documents. Most zoning cases are residential with a few restaurant business included, and are primarily comprised of board member emails and member emails pertaining to each zoning case.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection is comprised of institutional materials ranging from the 1970s to 2009 for the MDA. There are financial records, board meeting minutes and agendas, and correspondence that are generated from the daily running of the association. There is also a great deal of presidents' notes, MDA published materials and their various stages before publishing, and miscellaneous administration documents. Most zoning cases are residential with a few restaurant business included, and are primarily comprised of board member emails and member emails pertaining to each zoning case."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["Museum District Association","Orlowski, Robert"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Museum District Association","Orlowski, Robert"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Museum District Association"],"persname_ssim":["Orlowski, Robert"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":168,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:39:44.631Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_221_c03_c49"}},{"id":"viar_ViAr00032_c22_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Zoning Proposals at Arlington Towers, \n\t\t1957\n\t\t (10 photos)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viar_ViAr00032_c22_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viar_ViAr00032_c22_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["viar_ViAr00032_c22_c01_c01"],"id":"viar_ViAr00032_c22_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"viar_ViAr00032","_root_":"viar_ViAr00032","_nest_parent_":"viar_ViAr00032_c22_c01","parent_ssi":"viar_ViAr00032_c22_c01","parent_ssim":["viar_ViAr00032","viar_ViAr00032_c22","viar_ViAr00032_c22_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viar_ViAr00032","viar_ViAr00032_c22","viar_ViAr00032_c22_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Documents from the County Manager's Library, \n1889-1994","Photographs","Subgroup 1, Series 61, File 4:"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Documents from the County Manager's Library, \n1889-1994","Photographs","Subgroup 1, Series 61, File 4:"],"text":["Documents from the County Manager's Library, \n1889-1994","Photographs","Subgroup 1, Series 61, File 4:","Zoning Proposals at Arlington Towers, \n\t\t1957\n\t\t (10 photos)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zoning Proposals at Arlington Towers, \n\t\t 1957\n\t\t  (10 photos)\n\t\t","title_ssm":["Zoning Proposals at Arlington Towers, \n\t\t1957\n\t\t (10 photos)"],"title_tesim":["Zoning Proposals at Arlington Towers, \n\t\t1957\n\t\t (10 photos)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zoning Proposals at Arlington Towers, \n\t\t1957\n\t\t (10 photos)"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Arlington Public Library"],"collection_ssim":["Documents from the County Manager's Library, \n1889-1994"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":10,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2105,"_nest_path_":"/components#21/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:34:23.765Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viar_ViAr00032","ead_ssi":"viar_ViAr00032","_root_":"viar_ViAr00032","_nest_parent_":"viar_ViAr00032","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/arlington/ViAr00032.xml","title_ssm":["Documents from the County Manager's Library, \n1889-1994"],"title_tesim":["Documents from the County Manager's Library, \n1889-1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG 32\n"],"text":["RG 32\n","Documents from the County Manager's Library, \n1889-1994","Arlington Co., Va. County Manager","Arlington County (Va.) -- Politics and government.","Arlington County (Va.). Planning Division","Fire departments -- Administration","Arlington County (Va.). Police Department","Civil defense","Arlington County (Va.). Department of Public Works","Arlington County (Va.). Department of Environmental Affairs","."," The collection is open for research.\n","Record Group 32 is arranged by subject or county agency into subgroups under which listings are largely chronological. Most photographs were removed from their original locations in the collection and moved to a special box, Box 93. A list of these photographs is in the appendix, with a list of each photograph's original location. The appendix also lists the collection's bound materials, which are mainly annual reports and budgets. The only photographs that remain in their original folders are those found in the Police Traffic Safety Reports in  Subgroup 5, Series 3 . These photographs remain to show their placement within these larger reports.\n","The County Manager's Library was formally established from these informal holdings through a student's thesis for a Library Science Master's Degree:  A Proposed Plan for the Organization and Administration of a Reference Library for the County-Manager Government of Arlington County  by Marcel Raymond Gerin, The Catholic University of America, December 1959.\n","Mr. Gerin set up the library for the County and processed all the materials in a cataloging system (See  Subgroup 19 ). After the library was disbanded in 1981, the materials were sent to the Arlington County Public Library and the Center for Local History. The materials saved for this record group were mostly County-generated. Other items expected to be available elsewhere were excluded.\n","Researchers interested in issues revolving around the development of National Airport should consult  Record Group 13, Samuel Milner National Airport Research Papers ,  Record Group 37, Metropolitan Washington Airports , and  RG 189, Anderson National Airport Collection . Researchers interested in Arlington planning and construction should consult  RG 43, Interstate 66 ,  RG 199, Papers of Carrie Johnson , and  RG 130, Arlington County Planning Commission Records . Those reviewing public health in Arlington should look at  RG 21, Records of the Arlington County Department of Health  and  RG 169, Records of the School Nurse Program . For more information on Arlington Fire Department, see  RG 170, Personal Papers of James Fought . More formal county government publications are found in  RG 58, Arlington County Government Publications .\n","Digital scans of many of the photographs in RG 32 can be found  here .","Record Group 32 contains materials gathered by various Arlington County managers and housed in their quasi-professional library existing from 1932, the year when the county manager form of government was adopted, until 1981. The collection consists largely of county-generated reports and other documents which the managers may have referred to over the years as they administered county business.\n","This collection is not a comprehensive grouping of materials from any particular time period. Rather it is simply whatever the managers might have gathered during their time in office and placed on their shelves. The materials date from 1889 to 1994, with the bulk dating from 1930 to 1981. The collection measures about 60 linear feet.\n","In this collection, there are almost complete County Board meeting minutes and agendas from 1932-1952 (excluding 1950) and the spring of 1957, and county budgets and audits for those years. There is also extensive documentation on the county's infrastructure, including road construction, traffic studies, sewage and water systems, and planning and development.  Subgroup 7, County Manager Personal Files , has handwritten notes by various County Managers on a variety of subjects, arranged chronologically. That subgroup also contains County Attorney opinions from the 1930s and 1940s.  Subgroup 20, Advisory Groups , has material from various groups throughout Arlington who provided advice and information on a wide variety of topics related to county government.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["RG 32\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Documents from the County Manager's Library, \n1889-1994"],"collection_title_tesim":["Documents from the County Manager's Library, \n1889-1994"],"collection_ssim":["Documents from the County Manager's Library, \n1889-1994"],"repository_ssm":["Arlington Public Library"],"repository_ssim":["Arlington Public Library"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Nearly all the materials in Record Group 32 came from an in-county transfer in 1981 from the County Manager's Office to Arlington Public Library. Some scattered documents from 1982 to 1990, and 2004 were received later and added to the collection.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Arlington Co., Va. County Manager","Arlington County (Va.) -- Politics and government.","Arlington County (Va.). Planning Division","Fire departments -- Administration","Arlington County (Va.). Police Department","Civil defense","Arlington County (Va.). Department of Public Works","Arlington County (Va.). Department of Environmental Affairs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Arlington Co., Va. County Manager","Arlington County (Va.) -- Politics and government.","Arlington County (Va.). Planning Division","Fire departments -- Administration","Arlington County (Va.). Police Department","Civil defense","Arlington County (Va.). Department of Public Works","Arlington County (Va.). Department of Environmental Affairs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["."],"extent_ssm":["100 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["100 boxes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e The collection is open for research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":[" The collection is open for research.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecord Group 32 is arranged by subject or county agency into subgroups under which listings are largely chronological. Most photographs were removed from their original locations in the collection and moved to a special box, Box 93. A list of these photographs is in the appendix, with a list of each photograph's original location. The appendix also lists the collection's bound materials, which are mainly annual reports and budgets. The only photographs that remain in their original folders are those found in the Police Traffic Safety Reports in \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSubgroup 5, Series 3\u003c/title\u003e. These photographs remain to show their placement within these larger reports.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Record Group 32 is arranged by subject or county agency into subgroups under which listings are largely chronological. Most photographs were removed from their original locations in the collection and moved to a special box, Box 93. A list of these photographs is in the appendix, with a list of each photograph's original location. The appendix also lists the collection's bound materials, which are mainly annual reports and budgets. The only photographs that remain in their original folders are those found in the Police Traffic Safety Reports in  Subgroup 5, Series 3 . These photographs remain to show their placement within these larger reports.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe County Manager's Library was formally established from these informal holdings through a student's thesis for a Library Science Master's Degree: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA Proposed Plan for the Organization and Administration of a Reference Library for the County-Manager Government of Arlington County\u003c/title\u003e by Marcel Raymond Gerin, The Catholic University of America, December 1959.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Gerin set up the library for the County and processed all the materials in a cataloging system (See \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSubgroup 19\u003c/title\u003e). After the library was disbanded in 1981, the materials were sent to the Arlington County Public Library and the Center for Local History. The materials saved for this record group were mostly County-generated. Other items expected to be available elsewhere were excluded.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The County Manager's Library was formally established from these informal holdings through a student's thesis for a Library Science Master's Degree:  A Proposed Plan for the Organization and Administration of a Reference Library for the County-Manager Government of Arlington County  by Marcel Raymond Gerin, The Catholic University of America, December 1959.\n","Mr. Gerin set up the library for the County and processed all the materials in a cataloging system (See  Subgroup 19 ). After the library was disbanded in 1981, the materials were sent to the Arlington County Public Library and the Center for Local History. The materials saved for this record group were mostly County-generated. Other items expected to be available elsewhere were excluded.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e Documents from the County Manager's Library, Collection # RG 32, Arlington Public Library, Center for Local History \u003c!-- Add your institution's citation information --\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":[" Documents from the County Manager's Library, Collection # RG 32, Arlington Public Library, Center for Local History "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers interested in issues revolving around the development of National Airport should consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=arlington/ViAr00013.xml\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eRecord Group 13, Samuel Milner National Airport Research Papers\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=arlington/ViAr00037.xml\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eRecord Group 37, Metropolitan Washington Airports\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e, and \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=arlington/ViAr00189.xml\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eRG 189, Anderson National Airport Collection\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e. Researchers interested in Arlington planning and construction should consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=arlington/ViAr00043.xml\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eRG 43, Interstate 66\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e, \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=arlington/ViAr00199.xml\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eRG 199, Papers of Carrie Johnson\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e, and \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=arlington/ViAr00130.xml\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eRG 130, Arlington County Planning Commission Records\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e. Those reviewing public health in Arlington should look at \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=arlington/ViAr00021.xml\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eRG 21, Records of the Arlington County Department of Health\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e and \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=arlington/ViAr00169.xml\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eRG 169, Records of the School Nurse Program\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e. For more information on Arlington Fire Department, see \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=arlington/ViAr00170.xml\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eRG 170, Personal Papers of James Fought\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e. More formal county government publications are found in \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=arlington/ViAr00058.xml\"\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"bold\"\u003eRG 58, Arlington County Government Publications\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital scans of many of the photographs in RG 32 can be found \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://libraryarchives.arlingtonva.us/Detail/collections/74\"\u003ehere\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Researchers interested in issues revolving around the development of National Airport should consult  Record Group 13, Samuel Milner National Airport Research Papers ,  Record Group 37, Metropolitan Washington Airports , and  RG 189, Anderson National Airport Collection . Researchers interested in Arlington planning and construction should consult  RG 43, Interstate 66 ,  RG 199, Papers of Carrie Johnson , and  RG 130, Arlington County Planning Commission Records . Those reviewing public health in Arlington should look at  RG 21, Records of the Arlington County Department of Health  and  RG 169, Records of the School Nurse Program . For more information on Arlington Fire Department, see  RG 170, Personal Papers of James Fought . More formal county government publications are found in  RG 58, Arlington County Government Publications .\n","Digital scans of many of the photographs in RG 32 can be found  here ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecord Group 32 contains materials gathered by various Arlington County managers and housed in their quasi-professional library existing from 1932, the year when the county manager form of government was adopted, until 1981. The collection consists largely of county-generated reports and other documents which the managers may have referred to over the years as they administered county business.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection is not a comprehensive grouping of materials from any particular time period. Rather it is simply whatever the managers might have gathered during their time in office and placed on their shelves. The materials date from 1889 to 1994, with the bulk dating from 1930 to 1981. The collection measures about 60 linear feet.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this collection, there are almost complete County Board meeting minutes and agendas from 1932-1952 (excluding 1950) and the spring of 1957, and county budgets and audits for those years. There is also extensive documentation on the county's infrastructure, including road construction, traffic studies, sewage and water systems, and planning and development. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSubgroup 7, County Manager Personal Files\u003c/title\u003e, has handwritten notes by various County Managers on a variety of subjects, arranged chronologically. That subgroup also contains County Attorney opinions from the 1930s and 1940s. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSubgroup 20, Advisory Groups\u003c/title\u003e, has material from various groups throughout Arlington who provided advice and information on a wide variety of topics related to county government.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Record Group 32 contains materials gathered by various Arlington County managers and housed in their quasi-professional library existing from 1932, the year when the county manager form of government was adopted, until 1981. The collection consists largely of county-generated reports and other documents which the managers may have referred to over the years as they administered county business.\n","This collection is not a comprehensive grouping of materials from any particular time period. Rather it is simply whatever the managers might have gathered during their time in office and placed on their shelves. The materials date from 1889 to 1994, with the bulk dating from 1930 to 1981. The collection measures about 60 linear feet.\n","In this collection, there are almost complete County Board meeting minutes and agendas from 1932-1952 (excluding 1950) and the spring of 1957, and county budgets and audits for those years. There is also extensive documentation on the county's infrastructure, including road construction, traffic studies, sewage and water systems, and planning and development.  Subgroup 7, County Manager Personal Files , has handwritten notes by various County Managers on a variety of subjects, arranged chronologically. That subgroup also contains County Attorney opinions from the 1930s and 1940s.  Subgroup 20, Advisory Groups , has material from various groups throughout Arlington who provided advice and information on a wide variety of topics related to county government.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":2256,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:34:23.765Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viar_ViAr00032_c22_c01_c01"}},{"id":"vi_vi00673_c02_c337","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Zoo \n\t.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00673_c02_c337#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vi_vi00673_c02_c337","ref_ssm":["vi_vi00673_c02_c337"],"id":"vi_vi00673_c02_c337","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00673","_root_":"vi_vi00673","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00673_c02","parent_ssi":"vi_vi00673_c02","parent_ssim":["vi_vi00673","vi_vi00673_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vi_vi00673","vi_vi00673_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Charles McDowell Papers, \n1944-2004","Series II. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1944-2004."],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Charles McDowell Papers, \n1944-2004","Series II. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1944-2004."],"text":["Charles McDowell Papers, \n1944-2004","Series II. Correspondence and Subject Files, 1944-2004.","Zoo \n\t.","box 34","folder 23"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zoo \n\t .","title_ssm":["Zoo \n\t."],"title_tesim":["Zoo \n\t."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zoo \n\t."],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"collection_ssim":["Charles McDowell Papers, \n1944-2004"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":358,"containers_ssim":["box 34","folder 23"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#336","timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:43:44.770Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi00673","ead_ssi":"vi_vi00673","_root_":"vi_vi00673","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi00673","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi00673.xml","title_ssm":["Charles McDowell Papers, \n1944-2004"],"title_tesim":["Charles McDowell Papers, \n1944-2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["44427\n"],"text":["44427\n","Charles McDowell Papers, \n1944-2004","17 cubic feet (36 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological.\n","Alphabetical.\n","Charles Rice McDowell, Jr. was born in Danville, Kentucky on 24 June 1926. He is the son of Charles Rice McDowell, Sr. (1895-1968) and Catherine Frazier Feland (1904-1986). When he was young, the family moved to Lexington, Virginia, where the elder McDowell was a professor of law at Washington and Lee University. The younger McDowell was a student there, where he majored in English, and graduated in 1948. He then attended the Columbia University School of Journalism, and graduated the following year.","McDowell then moved to Richmond Virginia, and joined the staff of the Richmond Times-Dispatch, where he would remain his entire career, retiring in 1998. He covered local news, and was then assigned to the State Capitol, where he reported on the Virginia General Assembly and state politics. In 1954, McDowell began to write a syndicated column which appeared 3-4 times per week, and would span the remainder of his career. He was assigned to Washington, D.C. in 1965, and he relocated to Alexandria. McDowell wrote three books: \"Campaign Fever,\" which was a journal of the 1964 presidential election, and two collections of humor columns entitled \"One Thing After Another\" (1960) and \"What Did You Have in Mind?\" (1963). He was also a panelist on PBS's \"Washington Week in Review\" for 18 years, beginning in 1978, and he was a writer, narrator, and host for other PBS programs, including \"Summer of Judgement: The Watergate Hearings,\" \"Richmond Memories,\" and \"For the Record.\" McDowell also provided voice-overs for the productions \"The Civil War\" and \"Baseball\" by Ken Burns.","McDowell was inducted in the Virginia Communications Hall of Fame in 1988, and awarded the Fourth Estate Award by the National Press Club in 1996. He married Ann Rice of Ashland, Virginia. McDowell died on 5 November 2010.\n","Papers, 1944-2004, of Charles McDowell (1926-2010) of Alexandria, Virginia, documenting his career as a reporter for the Richmond Times-Dispatch, panelist on the PBS program \"Washington Week in Review,\" and other journalistic activities. Includes columns, correspondence and subject files, books, and videotapes.\n","The collection contains photocopies of McDowell's column which appeared in the Richmond Times-Dispatch from 1954 until his retirement in 1998. The columns appeared 3-4 times per week, and were also syndicated by Media General News Service and the Scripps Howard News Service and appeared in other newspapers across the country. The earliest columns were titled \"Charles McDowell Today\" and \"Capital Sidelights.\" McDowell wrote on a wide variety of topics of local, state, and national interest, including politics, history, personal news, society and popular culture, weather, and sports. Recurring fictional characters appeared in the column over the many years it ran, namely McDowell's relative Aunt Gertrude, his neighbor Mr. Bumbleton, Reliable Source, and Alfred the Capitol Square Squirrel. McDowell's columns were laced with satirical musings and political punditry. There are no copies of the column for the years 1986 to 1997, but there is an index which includes the title of the column, paper in which it appeared, date, and page number. This series also includes early articles written by McDowell while he was a student at Washington and Lee University entitled \"Reporter-at-Large,\" and as a sports reporter for the Roanoke Times entitled \"Time For Sports.\"\n","The correspondence contains letters written by readers of McDowell's column, and those who viewed his appearances on the PBS program \"Washington Week in Review\" and other programs. The correspondence includes reactions, both for and against, to McDowell's writings and viewpoints. There are also congratulatory letters relating to the many awards he received and upon his retirement in 1998, as well as invitations to make appearances and speeches, ideas for future columns, and resumes from prospective journalists. There is also correspondence between McDowell and literary agents and magazine editors.","The subject files contain a wide variety of materials relating to McDowell's nearly 40 years as a journalist and author. There are manuscript drafts and free-lance articles for various publications, reviews, publicity, and correspondence relating to books he wrote, including \"One Thing After Another\" (1960), \"What Did You Have in Mind?\" (1963), and \"Campaign Fever\" (1965). There is background information for his articles, columns, and speeches, especially on the subjects of Congress, television and political conventions, elections, inaugurations, and campaign finance reform.","McDowell did voice-overs for the Ken Burns productions, \"The Civil War\" (1990) and \"Baseball\" (1994), and the collection contains articles and reviews, notes, correspondence, clippings, and screening and final scripts. He also was a host on the program \"For the Record,\" which aired on Central Virginia Public Television, which was devoted to public policy, politics, and history. The collection includes drafts of questions McDowell posed to his guests, working files, and background biographical information. Videotapes of some of the programs are also included in the collection. McDowell also a narrated the 1983 program on Watergate called, \"Summer of Judgment: The Watergate Hearings,\" which was a production of WETA in Washington, DC. There are reviews, viewer mail, and a transcript of the program.","The subject files also include biographical information, copies of his daily news articles and special feature stories for the Richmond Times-Dispatch, get well cards, Gridiron Club dinner programs, speeches, scripts, clippings, and membership lists, information on the visit of Nikita Khrushchev to the United States in 1959, photographs, programs, speech notes and drafts, as well as information relating to his work with Paul Duke (1926-2005), and with the Virginia congressional campaign of Andrew McCutcheon.","The collection contains numerous books presented to McDowell that contain inscriptions by the authors.","Videotapes in the collection include many of McDowell's appearances on \"For the Record,\" as well as programs which he narrated, including \"Summer of Judgment: The Watergate Hearings,\" \"The James: Revolutionary River,\" and \"Richmond Memories.\" There are also taped interviews with McDowell, speeches, and other appearances.","There are no restrictions.\n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["44427\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles McDowell Papers, \n1944-2004"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles McDowell Papers, \n1944-2004"],"collection_ssim":["Charles McDowell Papers, \n1944-2004"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Ann McDowell, Alexandria.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["17 cubic feet (36 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological.\n","Alphabetical.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles Rice McDowell, Jr. was born in Danville, Kentucky on 24 June 1926. He is the son of Charles Rice McDowell, Sr. (1895-1968) and Catherine Frazier Feland (1904-1986). When he was young, the family moved to Lexington, Virginia, where the elder McDowell was a professor of law at Washington and Lee University. The younger McDowell was a student there, where he majored in English, and graduated in 1948. He then attended the Columbia University School of Journalism, and graduated the following year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMcDowell then moved to Richmond Virginia, and joined the staff of the Richmond Times-Dispatch, where he would remain his entire career, retiring in 1998. He covered local news, and was then assigned to the State Capitol, where he reported on the Virginia General Assembly and state politics. In 1954, McDowell began to write a syndicated column which appeared 3-4 times per week, and would span the remainder of his career. He was assigned to Washington, D.C. in 1965, and he relocated to Alexandria. McDowell wrote three books: \"Campaign Fever,\" which was a journal of the 1964 presidential election, and two collections of humor columns entitled \"One Thing After Another\" (1960) and \"What Did You Have in Mind?\" (1963). He was also a panelist on PBS's \"Washington Week in Review\" for 18 years, beginning in 1978, and he was a writer, narrator, and host for other PBS programs, including \"Summer of Judgement: The Watergate Hearings,\" \"Richmond Memories,\" and \"For the Record.\" McDowell also provided voice-overs for the productions \"The Civil War\" and \"Baseball\" by Ken Burns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMcDowell was inducted in the Virginia Communications Hall of Fame in 1988, and awarded the Fourth Estate Award by the National Press Club in 1996. He married Ann Rice of Ashland, Virginia. McDowell died on 5 November 2010.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Rice McDowell, Jr. was born in Danville, Kentucky on 24 June 1926. He is the son of Charles Rice McDowell, Sr. (1895-1968) and Catherine Frazier Feland (1904-1986). When he was young, the family moved to Lexington, Virginia, where the elder McDowell was a professor of law at Washington and Lee University. The younger McDowell was a student there, where he majored in English, and graduated in 1948. He then attended the Columbia University School of Journalism, and graduated the following year.","McDowell then moved to Richmond Virginia, and joined the staff of the Richmond Times-Dispatch, where he would remain his entire career, retiring in 1998. He covered local news, and was then assigned to the State Capitol, where he reported on the Virginia General Assembly and state politics. In 1954, McDowell began to write a syndicated column which appeared 3-4 times per week, and would span the remainder of his career. He was assigned to Washington, D.C. in 1965, and he relocated to Alexandria. McDowell wrote three books: \"Campaign Fever,\" which was a journal of the 1964 presidential election, and two collections of humor columns entitled \"One Thing After Another\" (1960) and \"What Did You Have in Mind?\" (1963). He was also a panelist on PBS's \"Washington Week in Review\" for 18 years, beginning in 1978, and he was a writer, narrator, and host for other PBS programs, including \"Summer of Judgement: The Watergate Hearings,\" \"Richmond Memories,\" and \"For the Record.\" McDowell also provided voice-overs for the productions \"The Civil War\" and \"Baseball\" by Ken Burns.","McDowell was inducted in the Virginia Communications Hall of Fame in 1988, and awarded the Fourth Estate Award by the National Press Club in 1996. He married Ann Rice of Ashland, Virginia. McDowell died on 5 November 2010.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles McDowell Papers, 1944-2004. Accession 44427. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Charles McDowell Papers, 1944-2004. Accession 44427. Personal papers collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. \n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers, 1944-2004, of Charles McDowell (1926-2010) of Alexandria, Virginia, documenting his career as a reporter for the Richmond Times-Dispatch, panelist on the PBS program \"Washington Week in Review,\" and other journalistic activities. Includes columns, correspondence and subject files, books, and videotapes.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains photocopies of McDowell's column which appeared in the Richmond Times-Dispatch from 1954 until his retirement in 1998. The columns appeared 3-4 times per week, and were also syndicated by Media General News Service and the Scripps Howard News Service and appeared in other newspapers across the country. The earliest columns were titled \"Charles McDowell Today\" and \"Capital Sidelights.\" McDowell wrote on a wide variety of topics of local, state, and national interest, including politics, history, personal news, society and popular culture, weather, and sports. Recurring fictional characters appeared in the column over the many years it ran, namely McDowell's relative Aunt Gertrude, his neighbor Mr. Bumbleton, Reliable Source, and Alfred the Capitol Square Squirrel. McDowell's columns were laced with satirical musings and political punditry. There are no copies of the column for the years 1986 to 1997, but there is an index which includes the title of the column, paper in which it appeared, date, and page number. This series also includes early articles written by McDowell while he was a student at Washington and Lee University entitled \"Reporter-at-Large,\" and as a sports reporter for the Roanoke Times entitled \"Time For Sports.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence contains letters written by readers of McDowell's column, and those who viewed his appearances on the PBS program \"Washington Week in Review\" and other programs. The correspondence includes reactions, both for and against, to McDowell's writings and viewpoints. There are also congratulatory letters relating to the many awards he received and upon his retirement in 1998, as well as invitations to make appearances and speeches, ideas for future columns, and resumes from prospective journalists. There is also correspondence between McDowell and literary agents and magazine editors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject files contain a wide variety of materials relating to McDowell's nearly 40 years as a journalist and author. There are manuscript drafts and free-lance articles for various publications, reviews, publicity, and correspondence relating to books he wrote, including \"One Thing After Another\" (1960), \"What Did You Have in Mind?\" (1963), and \"Campaign Fever\" (1965). There is background information for his articles, columns, and speeches, especially on the subjects of Congress, television and political conventions, elections, inaugurations, and campaign finance reform.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMcDowell did voice-overs for the Ken Burns productions, \"The Civil War\" (1990) and \"Baseball\" (1994), and the collection contains articles and reviews, notes, correspondence, clippings, and screening and final scripts. He also was a host on the program \"For the Record,\" which aired on Central Virginia Public Television, which was devoted to public policy, politics, and history. The collection includes drafts of questions McDowell posed to his guests, working files, and background biographical information. Videotapes of some of the programs are also included in the collection. McDowell also a narrated the 1983 program on Watergate called, \"Summer of Judgment: The Watergate Hearings,\" which was a production of WETA in Washington, DC. There are reviews, viewer mail, and a transcript of the program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject files also include biographical information, copies of his daily news articles and special feature stories for the Richmond Times-Dispatch, get well cards, Gridiron Club dinner programs, speeches, scripts, clippings, and membership lists, information on the visit of Nikita Khrushchev to the United States in 1959, photographs, programs, speech notes and drafts, as well as information relating to his work with Paul Duke (1926-2005), and with the Virginia congressional campaign of Andrew McCutcheon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains numerous books presented to McDowell that contain inscriptions by the authors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVideotapes in the collection include many of McDowell's appearances on \"For the Record,\" as well as programs which he narrated, including \"Summer of Judgment: The Watergate Hearings,\" \"The James: Revolutionary River,\" and \"Richmond Memories.\" There are also taped interviews with McDowell, speeches, and other appearances.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers, 1944-2004, of Charles McDowell (1926-2010) of Alexandria, Virginia, documenting his career as a reporter for the Richmond Times-Dispatch, panelist on the PBS program \"Washington Week in Review,\" and other journalistic activities. Includes columns, correspondence and subject files, books, and videotapes.\n","The collection contains photocopies of McDowell's column which appeared in the Richmond Times-Dispatch from 1954 until his retirement in 1998. The columns appeared 3-4 times per week, and were also syndicated by Media General News Service and the Scripps Howard News Service and appeared in other newspapers across the country. The earliest columns were titled \"Charles McDowell Today\" and \"Capital Sidelights.\" McDowell wrote on a wide variety of topics of local, state, and national interest, including politics, history, personal news, society and popular culture, weather, and sports. Recurring fictional characters appeared in the column over the many years it ran, namely McDowell's relative Aunt Gertrude, his neighbor Mr. Bumbleton, Reliable Source, and Alfred the Capitol Square Squirrel. McDowell's columns were laced with satirical musings and political punditry. There are no copies of the column for the years 1986 to 1997, but there is an index which includes the title of the column, paper in which it appeared, date, and page number. This series also includes early articles written by McDowell while he was a student at Washington and Lee University entitled \"Reporter-at-Large,\" and as a sports reporter for the Roanoke Times entitled \"Time For Sports.\"\n","The correspondence contains letters written by readers of McDowell's column, and those who viewed his appearances on the PBS program \"Washington Week in Review\" and other programs. The correspondence includes reactions, both for and against, to McDowell's writings and viewpoints. There are also congratulatory letters relating to the many awards he received and upon his retirement in 1998, as well as invitations to make appearances and speeches, ideas for future columns, and resumes from prospective journalists. There is also correspondence between McDowell and literary agents and magazine editors.","The subject files contain a wide variety of materials relating to McDowell's nearly 40 years as a journalist and author. There are manuscript drafts and free-lance articles for various publications, reviews, publicity, and correspondence relating to books he wrote, including \"One Thing After Another\" (1960), \"What Did You Have in Mind?\" (1963), and \"Campaign Fever\" (1965). There is background information for his articles, columns, and speeches, especially on the subjects of Congress, television and political conventions, elections, inaugurations, and campaign finance reform.","McDowell did voice-overs for the Ken Burns productions, \"The Civil War\" (1990) and \"Baseball\" (1994), and the collection contains articles and reviews, notes, correspondence, clippings, and screening and final scripts. He also was a host on the program \"For the Record,\" which aired on Central Virginia Public Television, which was devoted to public policy, politics, and history. The collection includes drafts of questions McDowell posed to his guests, working files, and background biographical information. Videotapes of some of the programs are also included in the collection. McDowell also a narrated the 1983 program on Watergate called, \"Summer of Judgment: The Watergate Hearings,\" which was a production of WETA in Washington, DC. There are reviews, viewer mail, and a transcript of the program.","The subject files also include biographical information, copies of his daily news articles and special feature stories for the Richmond Times-Dispatch, get well cards, Gridiron Club dinner programs, speeches, scripts, clippings, and membership lists, information on the visit of Nikita Khrushchev to the United States in 1959, photographs, programs, speech notes and drafts, as well as information relating to his work with Paul Duke (1926-2005), and with the Virginia congressional campaign of Andrew McCutcheon.","The collection contains numerous books presented to McDowell that contain inscriptions by the authors.","Videotapes in the collection include many of McDowell's appearances on \"For the Record,\" as well as programs which he narrated, including \"Summer of Judgment: The Watergate Hearings,\" \"The James: Revolutionary River,\" and \"Richmond Memories.\" There are also taped interviews with McDowell, speeches, and other appearances."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":409,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:43:44.770Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi00673_c02_c337"}},{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84_c01_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"\"Zoology 23: Anatomy\"","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84_c01_c02"],"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84_c01","parent_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84_c01","parent_ssim":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Edith Stevens Manuscript Collection","Manuscripts"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Edith Stevens Manuscript Collection","Manuscripts"],"text":["Edith Stevens Manuscript Collection","Manuscripts","\"Zoology 23: Anatomy\"","box 02 of 05","This manuscript of detailed ink drawing consists of 43 leaves.  The item was originally housed in a notebook with a cover that reads \"Department of Biology, State Techers College, Farmville, Virginia.  \"Edith Stevens and Zoology 23 – Anatomy\" are written under the printed heading.  Most pages are stamped with the date April 5, 1924."],"title_filing_ssi":"\"Zoology 23: Anatomy\" ","title_ssm":["\"Zoology 23: Anatomy\""],"title_tesim":["\"Zoology 23: Anatomy\""],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"Zoology 23: Anatomy\""],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"collection_ssim":["Edith Stevens Manuscript Collection"],"extent_ssm":["3 Folder"],"extent_tesim":["3 Folder"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are restrictions to access or use for resesarch purposes."],"containers_ssim":["box 02 of 05"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis manuscript of detailed ink drawing consists of 43 leaves.  The item was originally housed in a notebook with a cover that reads \"Department of Biology, State Techers College, Farmville, Virginia.  \"Edith Stevens and Zoology 23 – Anatomy\" are written under the printed heading.  Most pages are stamped with the date April 5, 1924.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["This manuscript of detailed ink drawing consists of 43 leaves.  The item was originally housed in a notebook with a cover that reads \"Department of Biology, State Techers College, Farmville, Virginia.  \"Edith Stevens and Zoology 23 – Anatomy\" are written under the printed heading.  Most pages are stamped with the date April 5, 1924."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-20T19:32:51.981Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_2_resources_84.xml","title_ssm":["Edith Stevens Manuscript Collection"],"title_tesim":["Edith Stevens Manuscript Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-1945"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1945"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["LU.011"],"text":["LU.011","Edith Stevens Manuscript Collection","Biology Study and teaching (Higher)","Plant anatomy","Botany","Botanical illustrations","There are restrictions to access or use for resesarch purposes.","Index cards with bibliographic resources inscribed on each one.  The cards are arranged according to the parts of the plant, and the cards are numbered up to ~632.","Edith Stevens (1897-1945) grew up in West Virginia where she earned her Bachelor's Degree from Fairmont State College.  In 1924, she earned an A.M. degree in biology from the University of West Virginia.  After teaching school in her home state of West Virginia for several years, she went on to earn her Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1928.  After earning her doctorate, she began teaching biology at the State Teachers College in Farmville in 1928.  In 1945, during the last day of summer school classes, Dr. Stevens was seriously burned as a result of a laboratory explosion.  She never recovered and died in the fall of 1945 due to complications resulting from her burns.  Stevens, who never married, devoted her life to teaching.  According to one of her colleagues, Dr. George Jeffers, teaching and biology were her avocation as well as vocation.","These materials were a part of the unprocessed collection of materials housed in the Lancaster Library and moved to the Greenwood Library which opened in 1991.  There is no written record related to the acquisition of the materials in this collection.","This manuscript contains detailed pencil and ink drawings originally housed in a spiral notebook.","This manuscript of detailed ink drawing consists of 43 leaves.  The item was originally housed in a notebook with a cover that reads \"Department of Biology, State Techers College, Farmville, Virginia.  \"Edith Stevens and Zoology 23 – Anatomy\" are written under the printed heading.  Most pages are stamped with the date April 5, 1924.","Written for the Department of Biology at the Farmville State Teachers College.  This manuscript is in typescript.  It was originally contained in a hole-punched report cover and is now contained in 3 folders.","Three copies of this 12 page reprint are housed in one folder.  The following is printed on the cover page – \"Reprinted for private circulation from The Botanical Gazette, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 4, June 1930.\"  A noted on the item reads, \"Contributions from the Hull Botanical Laboratory 404.\"","This collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 150 leaves and measures 13 cm. x 20 cm.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  Drawings are accompanied by brief annotations.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves as the cover page.","This collection of detailed ink drawings of mosses includes approximately 55 leaves.  The drawing are accompanied by brief annotations.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  The drawings are accompanied by 4 leaves of handwritten text.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves and the cover page.","This collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 200 leaves.  Drawings are annotated.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves as the cover page.","This collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 150 leaves.  Drawings are annotated.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves as the cover page.","This collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 45 pages.  The drawings are annotated.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  Author and title information are written on the first pages which serves as the cover page.","The front cover is bare except for a brief annotation in the lower right which reads, \"1. Major, Edith Stevens.\"  The collection contains detailed ink drawings with brief annotations.  The item consists of approximately 50 pages and is bound at the top with yarn.  The dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.","This collection of detailed pencil and ink drawings with annotations are on card stock.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  Author and title information are written on the first card.","The collection consists of Edith Stevens' manuscripts and a fifth box filled with index cards containing bibliographic references.  Boxes 1 and 2 contain manuscripts that were created in the traditional style and format with the text in typescript on letter-size paper.  Boxes 3 and 4 contain sets of intricate ink drawings with handwritten annotations on sheets of paper sized 4.2\" x 5.5\".  The manuscripts all relate to the study and teaching of plant sciences.  Each of Dr. Stevens' drawings and annotations are neat, detailed, and precise.","Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Stevens, Edith, 1897-1945","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["LU.011"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edith Stevens Manuscript Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Edith Stevens Manuscript Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Edith Stevens Manuscript Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Longwood University"],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"creator_ssm":["Stevens, Edith, 1897-1945"],"creator_ssim":["Stevens, Edith, 1897-1945"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Stevens, Edith, 1897-1945"],"creators_ssim":["Stevens, Edith, 1897-1945"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Biology Study and teaching (Higher)","Plant anatomy","Botany","Botanical illustrations"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Biology Study and teaching (Higher)","Plant anatomy","Botany","Botanical illustrations"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.7 Linear Feet 5 flat boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.7 Linear Feet 5 flat boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Botanical illustrations"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are restrictions to access or use for resesarch purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are restrictions to access or use for resesarch purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIndex cards with bibliographic resources inscribed on each one.  The cards are arranged according to the parts of the plant, and the cards are numbered up to ~632.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Index cards with bibliographic resources inscribed on each one.  The cards are arranged according to the parts of the plant, and the cards are numbered up to ~632."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdith Stevens (1897-1945) grew up in West Virginia where she earned her Bachelor's Degree from Fairmont State College.  In 1924, she earned an A.M. degree in biology from the University of West Virginia.  After teaching school in her home state of West Virginia for several years, she went on to earn her Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1928.  After earning her doctorate, she began teaching biology at the State Teachers College in Farmville in 1928.  In 1945, during the last day of summer school classes, Dr. Stevens was seriously burned as a result of a laboratory explosion.  She never recovered and died in the fall of 1945 due to complications resulting from her burns.  Stevens, who never married, devoted her life to teaching.  According to one of her colleagues, Dr. George Jeffers, teaching and biology were her avocation as well as vocation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Edith Stevens (1897-1945) grew up in West Virginia where she earned her Bachelor's Degree from Fairmont State College.  In 1924, she earned an A.M. degree in biology from the University of West Virginia.  After teaching school in her home state of West Virginia for several years, she went on to earn her Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1928.  After earning her doctorate, she began teaching biology at the State Teachers College in Farmville in 1928.  In 1945, during the last day of summer school classes, Dr. Stevens was seriously burned as a result of a laboratory explosion.  She never recovered and died in the fall of 1945 due to complications resulting from her burns.  Stevens, who never married, devoted her life to teaching.  According to one of her colleagues, Dr. George Jeffers, teaching and biology were her avocation as well as vocation."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThese materials were a part of the unprocessed collection of materials housed in the Lancaster Library and moved to the Greenwood Library which opened in 1991.  There is no written record related to the acquisition of the materials in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["These materials were a part of the unprocessed collection of materials housed in the Lancaster Library and moved to the Greenwood Library which opened in 1991.  There is no written record related to the acquisition of the materials in this collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis manuscript contains detailed pencil and ink drawings originally housed in a spiral notebook.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis manuscript of detailed ink drawing consists of 43 leaves.  The item was originally housed in a notebook with a cover that reads \"Department of Biology, State Techers College, Farmville, Virginia.  \"Edith Stevens and Zoology 23 – Anatomy\" are written under the printed heading.  Most pages are stamped with the date April 5, 1924.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten for the Department of Biology at the Farmville State Teachers College.  This manuscript is in typescript.  It was originally contained in a hole-punched report cover and is now contained in 3 folders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree copies of this 12 page reprint are housed in one folder.  The following is printed on the cover page – \"Reprinted for private circulation from The Botanical Gazette, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 4, June 1930.\"  A noted on the item reads, \"Contributions from the Hull Botanical Laboratory 404.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 150 leaves and measures 13 cm. x 20 cm.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  Drawings are accompanied by brief annotations.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves as the cover page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of detailed ink drawings of mosses includes approximately 55 leaves.  The drawing are accompanied by brief annotations.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  The drawings are accompanied by 4 leaves of handwritten text.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves and the cover page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 200 leaves.  Drawings are annotated.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves as the cover page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 150 leaves.  Drawings are annotated.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves as the cover page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 45 pages.  The drawings are annotated.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  Author and title information are written on the first pages which serves as the cover page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe front cover is bare except for a brief annotation in the lower right which reads, \"1. Major, Edith Stevens.\"  The collection contains detailed ink drawings with brief annotations.  The item consists of approximately 50 pages and is bound at the top with yarn.  The dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of detailed pencil and ink drawings with annotations are on card stock.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  Author and title information are written on the first card.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["This manuscript contains detailed pencil and ink drawings originally housed in a spiral notebook.","This manuscript of detailed ink drawing consists of 43 leaves.  The item was originally housed in a notebook with a cover that reads \"Department of Biology, State Techers College, Farmville, Virginia.  \"Edith Stevens and Zoology 23 – Anatomy\" are written under the printed heading.  Most pages are stamped with the date April 5, 1924.","Written for the Department of Biology at the Farmville State Teachers College.  This manuscript is in typescript.  It was originally contained in a hole-punched report cover and is now contained in 3 folders.","Three copies of this 12 page reprint are housed in one folder.  The following is printed on the cover page – \"Reprinted for private circulation from The Botanical Gazette, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 4, June 1930.\"  A noted on the item reads, \"Contributions from the Hull Botanical Laboratory 404.\"","This collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 150 leaves and measures 13 cm. x 20 cm.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  Drawings are accompanied by brief annotations.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves as the cover page.","This collection of detailed ink drawings of mosses includes approximately 55 leaves.  The drawing are accompanied by brief annotations.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  The drawings are accompanied by 4 leaves of handwritten text.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves and the cover page.","This collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 200 leaves.  Drawings are annotated.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves as the cover page.","This collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 150 leaves.  Drawings are annotated.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  The leaves are held together at the top margin by yarn.  Author and title information are written on the first page which serves as the cover page.","This collection of detailed ink drawings consists of approximately 45 pages.  The drawings are annotated.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  Author and title information are written on the first pages which serves as the cover page.","The front cover is bare except for a brief annotation in the lower right which reads, \"1. Major, Edith Stevens.\"  The collection contains detailed ink drawings with brief annotations.  The item consists of approximately 50 pages and is bound at the top with yarn.  The dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.","This collection of detailed pencil and ink drawings with annotations are on card stock.  Dimensions are 13 cm. x 20 cm.  Author and title information are written on the first card."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of Edith Stevens' manuscripts and a fifth box filled with index cards containing bibliographic references.  Boxes 1 and 2 contain manuscripts that were created in the traditional style and format with the text in typescript on letter-size paper.  Boxes 3 and 4 contain sets of intricate ink drawings with handwritten annotations on sheets of paper sized 4.2\" x 5.5\".  The manuscripts all relate to the study and teaching of plant sciences.  Each of Dr. Stevens' drawings and annotations are neat, detailed, and precise.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of Edith Stevens' manuscripts and a fifth box filled with index cards containing bibliographic references.  Boxes 1 and 2 contain manuscripts that were created in the traditional style and format with the text in typescript on letter-size paper.  Boxes 3 and 4 contain sets of intricate ink drawings with handwritten annotations on sheets of paper sized 4.2\" x 5.5\".  The manuscripts all relate to the study and teaching of plant sciences.  Each of Dr. Stevens' drawings and annotations are neat, detailed, and precise."],"names_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Stevens, Edith, 1897-1945"],"corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections"],"persname_ssim":["Stevens, Edith, 1897-1945"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T19:32:51.981Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_84_c01_c02"}},{"id":"viu_viu01993_c01_c115","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"Zoology Notebook of Homer Stille Cummings from lectures\n                  delivered by Professor A.E. Verrill \n                  \n                  1891","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01993_c01_c115#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu01993_c01_c115","ref_ssm":["viu_viu01993_c01_c115"],"id":"viu_viu01993_c01_c115","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01993","_root_":"viu_viu01993","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01993_c01","parent_ssi":"viu_viu01993_c01","parent_ssim":["viu_viu01993","viu_viu01993_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu01993","viu_viu01993_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n         \n         1850-1956","SERIES I: FAMILY PAPERS"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n         \n         1850-1956","SERIES I: FAMILY PAPERS"],"text":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n         \n         1850-1956","SERIES I: FAMILY PAPERS","Zoology Notebook of Homer Stille Cummings from lectures\n                  delivered by Professor A.E. Verrill \n                  \n                  1891","Box 31"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zoology Notebook of Homer Stille Cummings from lectures\n                  delivered by Professor A.E. Verrill \n                   \n                  1891","title_ssm":["Zoology Notebook of Homer Stille Cummings from lectures\n                  delivered by Professor A.E. Verrill \n                  \n                  1891"],"title_tesim":["Zoology Notebook of Homer Stille Cummings from lectures\n                  delivered by Professor A.E. Verrill \n                  \n                  1891"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zoology Notebook of Homer Stille Cummings from lectures\n                  delivered by Professor A.E. Verrill \n                  \n                  1891"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n         \n         1850-1956"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":116,"containers_ssim":["Box 31"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#114","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:43:15.989Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu01993","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01993","_root_":"viu_viu01993","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01993","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01993.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n         \n         1850-1956"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n         \n         1850-1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["9973"],"text":["9973","Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n         \n         1850-1956","The papers of Homer\n         Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 shelf feet (ca. 124,000\n         items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries, speeches,\n         articles, legal case files, daily schedules, photographs,\n         daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks,films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items.","There are no restrictions.","GENERAL BACKGROUND The papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n         with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n         order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n         (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n         and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n         clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n         Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n         have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n         arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n         specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n         each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n         of the series: \n          I. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n          II. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n          III. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n         post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n          IV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n         207-233) \n          V. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n         (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n          VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n         Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n          VII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n          VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n         Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n          IX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n          X. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n         prints file) \n          XI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n          XII. Memorabilia \n          XIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n          XIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n          XV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n         1939-1956 \n          XVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n          XVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n          XVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n          XIX. Motion Picture Films \n          XX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n          XXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953 \n         ","DESCRIPTION OF SERIES Series I: Family Papers This series consists of general personal correspondence\n         and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n         four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n         Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n         Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n         material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n         place first, followed by the other family members in\n         alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n         arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n         within each folder are in chronological order. \n          1. \n          Homer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 : This group includes correspondence re:\n         personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n         S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n         notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n         correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n         correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n          2. \n          Audie S. Cummings, Papers,\n         1921-1925 : This group of correspondence and papers of\n         Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n          3. \n          May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n         November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955 : Letters\n         of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n         her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n          4. \n          Dickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n         1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953 : This\n         correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n         Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n         and son. \n          5. \n          Helen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n         1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955 : This material\n         relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n         Cummings, and to her estate. \n          6. \n          Julia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n         February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956 : This papers include\n         correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n         congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n         death. \n          7. \n          Marguerite T. Owings Cummings\n         (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955 : Most of these papers\n         concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n         estate, and include some correspondence between them. \n         ","Series II: Political Papers to 1933,\n         1899-1933 This series includes correspondence and papers on the\n         following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n         particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n         the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n         Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n         concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n         Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n         corresponded with many political leaders and government\n         officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n         Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n         Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n         McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n         correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n         campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n         George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n         Walker. \n          This group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n         including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n         series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n         serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n         1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n         party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n         also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n         interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n         Wilson. \n          In addition to the political correspondence, there are\n         papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930. \n          The papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n         groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n         within each folder is arranged chronologically. \n         ","Series III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n         General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n         1933-1956 This series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n         general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n          1. \n          General Correspondence File :\n         Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n         labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n         to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n         official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n         \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n         material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n         part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n         of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n         Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n         topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n         subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n         order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n         several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n         placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n         file of their own. \n          This correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n         attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n         politics, and general interest in national and international\n         affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n         government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n         leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n         such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n         crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n         Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n         America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n         include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n         James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n         Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n         Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n         maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n         Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n         National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n         There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n         including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n         Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n         there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n         pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n          The researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n         correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n         topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n         judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n         folders. \n          Of particular interest is correspondence between\n         Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n         the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n         is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n         political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n         policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n         There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n         the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n         reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n         series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n         including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n         as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n         letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n         by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n          The \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n         Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n         series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n         Roosevelt. \n          2. \n          Miscellaneous Papers . This is\n         an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n         generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n         are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n         chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n         order: \n          a) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n          b) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n         government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n         attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n         other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n         chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n         House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n         Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n         secretaries. \n          c) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n         Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n         number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n         circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n         U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n         chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n         Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n         suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n         alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n         with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n         FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n         and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n         alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n         between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n         number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n         Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n         papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n          d) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n         gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n         the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n         Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n         printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n         Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n         the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n         subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n         hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n         arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n         lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n         printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n         newspaper clippings are in chronological order. \n         ","Series IV: Speeches and Articles 1. \n          Speeches, 1886-1950 : This\n         series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n         material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n         interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n         and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n          The speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n         civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n         and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n          Speeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n         in international affairs, and the World Court. \n          A number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n         including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n         Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n         contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n         speeches about crime control and the administration of\n         criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n         training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n         judicial reorganization. \n          A few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n         public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n         some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n         and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n         speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n         the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n         the presidential campaign of 1936. \n          Following Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n         divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n         date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n         contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n         group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n         with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n         topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n         that the second series is not complete even for its year\n         range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n         of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n         \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n         with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n         speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n         speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n         name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n         arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n         Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n         chronologically. \n          2. \n          Articles, 1918-1945 : Cummings'\n         articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n         there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n         democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n         number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n         comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.\n         ","Series V. Literary Papers 1. \n          Diaries, 1919-1956 : Cummings\n         kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n         he discussed his political and official activities including\n         meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n         Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n         Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n         family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n         Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n         contain many political references as well. There is also a\n         travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n         diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n         (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n         the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n         travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n         chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n         chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n          2. \n          Literary Papers, 1750-1953 :\n         This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n         books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n         Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n         Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n         there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n         historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n         correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n         of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n         regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n         1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n         research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n         the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n         1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n         on these last two projects. \n          Two card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n         the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n         Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n          The twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n         Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n         insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n         of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n         the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n         the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n         participated in historic events and associated with many other\n         powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n         struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n         important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n          All but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n         period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n         years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n         and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n         before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n         conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n         conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n         contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n         schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n         Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n         very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n         Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n         service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n         an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n         Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n         would find them very useful. \n          The earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n         principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n         behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n         election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n         April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n         for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n         sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n         probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n         entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n         recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n         organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n         Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n         Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n         Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n         and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n         refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n         body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n          The diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n         substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n         volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n         calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n         calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n         active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n         in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n         leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n         Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n         states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n         devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n         cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n          From the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n         extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n         conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n         cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n         committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n         the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n         court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n         the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n         recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n         Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n         he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n         efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n         business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n         affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n         individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n         own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n         about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n         potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n         the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n         conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n         discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n         domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n         controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n         other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n         there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n         Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n         Morgenthau. \n          Besides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n         strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n         National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n         The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n         Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n         about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n         that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n         at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n         Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n         his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n          Following his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n         Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n         affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n         and government, describing various Democratic National\n         Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n         especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n         length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n         Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n         colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n         diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n         describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n         inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n         his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n         reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n         particular contains several references to events in the years\n         1832-1937. \n         ","VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n         and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) This group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n         correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n         fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n         1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n         Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n         correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n         cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n         and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n         arranged chronologically. \n         ","Series VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n         1892-1953 There are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n         follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n         1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n         biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n         chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n         chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n         (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n         volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n         mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n         correspondence, 1934-1938. \n         ","Series VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n         Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 Many excellent photographs, of a personal and\n         professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n         approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n         of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n         1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n         portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n         professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n         Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n         Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n         Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n         group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n         friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n         the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n         and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n         U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n         with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n         activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n         1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n         show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n         as attorney general, including: participation in national\n         conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n         National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n         delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n         State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n         F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n         portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n         pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n         tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n         and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n         Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n          The personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n         following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n         mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n         as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n         acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n         Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n         University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n         including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n         his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n         Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n         early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n         Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n         Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n         photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n         took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n         Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n          A final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n         undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n         work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n         North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n         number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n         relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n         his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n         his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n         photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n         was attorney general. \n          The photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n         portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n         Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n         professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n         alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n         Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n         his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n          The second portion of the collection, the personal\n         photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n         photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n         nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n         residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n         chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n         Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n         (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n         Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n          The final portion of the collection contains\n         photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n         reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n         albums. \n          A few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n         collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n         Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n         other relatives. \n         ","The only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n         Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n         April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n         School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n         University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n         years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n         Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n         from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n         University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n         Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n         College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n         commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n         Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n         Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n         then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n         D. Lockwood.","In 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n         subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n         of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n         1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n         delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n         National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n         latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n         party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n         but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n         was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n         vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n         was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n         identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n         party.","Cummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n         from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n         famous case of \n          State V. Harold Israel in which\n         he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n         During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n         State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n         candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n         was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n         1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n         National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n         speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n         accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n         to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n         of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n         resolutions.","In 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n         Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n         as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n         jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n         monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n         Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n         at the Connecticut State Prison.","Cummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n         in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n         delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n         acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n         speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n         Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n         was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n         governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n         of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n         of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n         It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n         temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n         Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n         valuable that the president asked him to remain.","Cummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n         administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n         president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n         Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n         to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n         strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n         by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n         kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n         racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n         the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n         improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n         institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n         under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n         monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n         proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n         own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n         of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n         Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n         Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n         uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n         of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n         technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n         judicial system.","In his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n         to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n         He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n         Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n         Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n         Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n         the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n         enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n         president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n         episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n         Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n         suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n         justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n         served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n         after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n         president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n         to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n         federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n         Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n         liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n         philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n         to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n         efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n         unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n         court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n         interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n         Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n         but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n         anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n         subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n         the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n         in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n         court-packing measure.","In 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n         arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n         resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n         Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n         Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n         many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.","He was the author of four books: \n          Liberty Under Law and\n         Administration (1934); \n          Federal Justice , with Carl\n         McFarland (1937); \n          We Can Prevent Crime (1937); and\n          The Tired Sea (1939) as well as\n         numerous articles and speeches.","Cummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n         Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n         belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n         of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n         Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n         Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n         and Omicron Delta Kappa.","Cummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n         had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n         They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n         married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n         1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n         died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n         February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n         September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six.","The papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n         (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n         speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n         photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n         long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n         general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n         reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n         value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n         The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n         and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n         and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n         court-packing struggle.","Cummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n         one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n         time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n         death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n         to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n         the material in the first category was generated by his\n         service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n         corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n         around party politics, national affairs, and various\n         individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n         of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n         described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n         vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n         Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n         leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n         McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n         House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n         documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.","The second group of political papers primarily relate to\n         Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n         continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n         corresponded with many government officials, political\n         leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n         Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n         Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n         letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n         policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n         FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n         Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n         working relationship between the two men and highlights\n         Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n         administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n         Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n         interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n         reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n         Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n         material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n         general.","The collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n         this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n         taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n         correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n         Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n         Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n         Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n         travel diaries, are also found here.","The many speeches and articles included in the collection\n         reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n         and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n         criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n         affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n         correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n         wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n         Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n         collection.","In Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n         recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n         and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n         in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n         commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n          Federal Justice and \n          The Biography of a Department ,\n         correspondence about these books and \n          The Selected Letters of Homer S.\n         Cummings , and research material for projected books on\n         military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n         research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n         abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n          Federal Justice .","Cummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n         Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n         correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.","The Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n         that is another valuable resource for students of\n         twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n         personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n         daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n         attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n         certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n         memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n         contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n         clippings.","Correspondence deals with capture of this\n                  dangerous criminal and attendant FBI\n                  investigation","includes long Russian paper re: 1937 treason show\n                  trials in Russia","Jeremiah Black (1857-1860) \n                Charles J. Bonaparte (1906-1909) \n                Benjamin H. Brewster (1881-1909) \n                Harry M. Daughtery (1921-1924) \n                Charles Devens (1877-1881) \n                William M. Evarts (1868-1869) \n                Thomas Watt Gregory (1914-1919) \n                John W. Griggs (1898-1901) \n                Judson Harmon (1895-1897) \n                Philander C. Knox (1901-1904) \n                Levi Lincoln (1801-1804) \n                Joseph McKenna (1897-1898) \n                James C. McReynolds (1913-1914) \n                Waynes McVeagh (1881) \n                William H.H. Miller (1889-1893) \n                William H. Moody (1904-1906) \n                Richard Olney (1893-1895) \n                A. Mitchell Palmer (1919-1921) \n                Edwards Pierrepont (1875-1876) \n                Edmund Randolph (1789-1794) \n                Richard Rush (1814-1817) \n                Edwin M. Stanton (1860-1861) \n                Alphonzo Taft (1876-1877) \n                George W. Wickersham (1909-1913) \n                George H. Williams (1872-1875) \n               ","Group I. Volumes 1-60, so labelled, of scrapbooks\n                  of materials related to Homer Stille Cummings' professional\n                  activities, including newspaper clippings, articles,\n                  photographs, invitations, programs, cards, letters\n                  and telegrams. \n                   Vols. 1-7 (Box 284) Vol. 1: 1896 September-1897 April \n                   Vol. 2: 1897 April-1898 September \n                   Vol. 3: 1898 September-1899 December \n                   Vol. 4: 1900 January-1900 June \n                   Vol. 5: 1900 July-1900 October \n                   Vol. 6: 1900 October-1901 March \n                   Vol. 7: 1901 April-1902 March \n                   Vols. 8-13 (Box 285) Vol. 8: 1902 May-1902 October \n                   Vol. 9: 1902 October-1904 January \n                   Vol. 10: 1904 January-1904 September \n                   Vol. 11: 1904 September-1906 March \n                   Vol. 12: 1906 March-1908 December \n                   Vol. 13: 1909 January-1912 April \n                   Vols. 14-18 (Box 286) Vol. 14: 1912 April-1912 December \n                   Vol. 15: 1913 February-1914 June \n                   Vol. 16: 1914 May-1916 June \n                   Vol. 17: 1916 June-1916 October \n                   Vol. 18: 1916 October-1917 January \n                   Vols. 19-24 (Box 287) Vol. 19: 1917 March-1919 March \n                   Vol. 20: 1919 March-1919 June \n                   Vol. 21: 1919 April-1919 July \n                   Vol. 22: 1919 July-1920 January \n                   Vol. 23: 1920 January-1920 April \n                   Vol. 24: 1920 April-1920 July \n                   Vols. 25-30 (Box 288) Vol. 25: 1920 June-1920 September \n                   Vol. 26: 1919 November-1921 May \n                   Vol. 27: 1920 June-1922 June \n                   Vol. 28: 1922 June-1924 February \n                   Vol. 29: 1924 February-1924 July \n                   Vol. 30: 1924 August-1930 April \n                   Vols. 31-36 (Box 289) Vol. 31: 1930 April-1932 July \n                   Vol. 32: 1932 July-1933 March \n                   Vol. 33: 1933 March-1933 November \n                   Vol. 34: 1933Dec-1934 January \n                   Vol. 35: 1933 April-1934 May \n                   Vol. 36: 1934 April-1934 June \n                   Vols. 37-41 (Box 290) Vol. 37: 1934 June-1934 September \n                   Vol. 38: 1934 September-1935 January \n                   Vol. 39: 1934 December-1935 \n                   Vol. 40: 1935 May-1935 October \n                   Vol. 41: 1935 August-1936 February \n                   Vols. 42-46 (Box 291) Vol. 42: 1936 February-1936 July \n                   Vol. 43: 1936 June-1936 November \n                   Vol. 44: 1936 October-1937 January \n                   Vol. 45: 1937 January-1937 April \n                   Vol. 46: 1937 April-1937 June \n                   Vols. 47-52 (Box 292) Vol. 47: 1937 July-1938 January \n                   Vol. 48: 1938 January-1938 April \n                   Vol. 49: 1938 May-1938 October \n                   Vol. 50: 1938 November-1939 December \n                   Vol. 51: 1938 November-1939 January \n                   Vol. 52: 1939 January-1940 January \n                   Vols. 53-57 (Box 293) Vol. 53: 1940 February-1942 September \n                   Vol. 54: 1942 September-1944 November \n                   Vol. 55: 1944 November-1945 July \n                   Vol. 56: 1945 July-1946 September \n                   Vol. 57: 1946 September-1948 December \n                   Vols. 58-60 (Box 294) Vol. 58: 1938 July-1950 November \n                   Vol. 59: 1950 September-1952 August \n                   Vol. 60: 1952 July-1956 June","Vol. 61 (1914 December-1916 December) \n                   Vol. 62 (1917 January-1924 November) \n                   Vol. 63 (1919 May-1919 June)","Vol. 64 (1933): Letters arranged alphabetically,\n                  A-F, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n                   Vol. 65 (1933): Letters arranged\n                  alphabetically, G-M, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n                   Vol. 66 (1933): Letters arranged\n                  alphabetically, N-Z, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n                   Vol. 67 (1938 November-1939 January): Letters arranged\n                  alphabetically, received by Homer Stille Cummings","Vol. 68: 1936 February-1936 July \n                   Vol. 69: 1936 July-1936 December \n                   Vol. 70: 1936 December-1937 April \n                   Vol. 71: 1937 April-1937 November \n                   Vol. 72: 1937 November-1938 October \n                   Vol. 73: 1938 October-1938 December \n                  ","Vol. 74 (1933-1937): Scrapbook of photographs \n                   Vol. 75a (1920-1942): Scrapbook of New York\n                  newspaper clippings \n                   Vol. 75b (1933 January-1934 January): Scrapbook of\n                  newspaper clippings \n                   Vol. 76 (1934 December): Scrapbook of materials re:\n                  Attorney General's Conference on Crime \n                   Vol. 77 (1935 February-1938 December): Autograph book","Vol. 78: 1933 March-1934 July Vol. 79: 1934\n                  July-1935 March Vol. 80: 1935 March-1935 December Vol. 81:\n                  1935 December-1936 November Vol. 82: 1936 December-1937 April Vol.\n                  83: 1937 April-1937 September Vol. 84: 1937 April-1937\n                  June (oversized scrapbook clippings and photographs\n                  from Nancy Randolph's columns) Vol. 85: 1937 October-1938\n                  June Vol. 86: 1938 May-1939 June","Vol. 87: 1939 August (Letters \"Alley\" to \"Cummings\")\n                  Vol. 88: 1939 August (Letters \"Daglish\" to \"Ickes\")\n                  Vol. 89: 1939 August (Letters \"Jackson\" to \"O'Connor\")\n                  Vol. 90: 1939 August (Letters \"Parker\" to \"Swope\") Vol.\n                  91: 1939 August (Letters \"Walker\" to \"Zak,\" also\n                  sympathy cards)","Vol. 92: 1900-1903 (Scrapbooks of illustrations\n                  and newspaper photographs) Vol. 93: 1900-1904\n                  (Scrapbook of poetry: Uriah Cummings) Vol. 94: 1901\n                  December-1910 March (Scrapbook of newspaper clippings,\n                  stories, letters of Uriah Cummings)","\"New York--A Rockefeller's prints go on record --\n                  Attorney General Cummings, in Washington, urges\n                  public support.\"","\"Dallas -- 22 nabbed by U.S. agents for aiding\n                  southwest desperado Clyde Barrow, slain in gunfight\n                  last May.\"","\"New York -- Gangster income from policy racket\n                  shown to be 200 million yearly! Sensational expose\n                  uncovers nation-wide scandal.\"","[Ceremony establishing a \"Univesity of Crime\"]","\"Washington -- President at dedication of\n                  Department's new $11,000,000 home! Attorney General\n                  Cummings and S[cott] M[arion] Loftin, Bar Association\n                  Head, Speak.\"","Installation of Edward A. Hayes as Commander of\n                  the American Legion","See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["9973"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n         \n         1850-1956"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n         \n         1850-1956"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n         \n         1850-1956"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were a gift to the library from Professor\n            Carl McFarland, School of Law, University of Virginia, on\n            14 December 1976. They were originally deposited in the\n            library on 21 June and 26 July 1974."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The papers of Homer\n         Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 shelf feet (ca. 124,000\n         items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries, speeches,\n         articles, legal case files, daily schedules, photographs,\n         daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks,films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["GENERAL BACKGROUND The papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n         with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n         order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n         (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n         and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n         clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n         Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n         have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n         arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n         specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n         each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n         of the series: \n          I. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n          II. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n          III. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n         post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n          IV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n         207-233) \n          V. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n         (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n          VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n         Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n          VII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n          VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n         Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n          IX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n          X. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n         prints file) \n          XI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n          XII. Memorabilia \n          XIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n          XIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n          XV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n         1939-1956 \n          XVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n          XVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n          XVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n          XIX. Motion Picture Films \n          XX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n          XXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953 \n         ","DESCRIPTION OF SERIES Series I: Family Papers This series consists of general personal correspondence\n         and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n         four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n         Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n         Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n         material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n         place first, followed by the other family members in\n         alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n         arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n         within each folder are in chronological order. \n          1. \n          Homer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 : This group includes correspondence re:\n         personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n         S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n         notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n         correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n         correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n          2. \n          Audie S. Cummings, Papers,\n         1921-1925 : This group of correspondence and papers of\n         Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n          3. \n          May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n         November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955 : Letters\n         of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n         her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n          4. \n          Dickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n         1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953 : This\n         correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n         Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n         and son. \n          5. \n          Helen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n         1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955 : This material\n         relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n         Cummings, and to her estate. \n          6. \n          Julia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n         February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956 : This papers include\n         correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n         congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n         death. \n          7. \n          Marguerite T. Owings Cummings\n         (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955 : Most of these papers\n         concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n         estate, and include some correspondence between them. \n         ","Series II: Political Papers to 1933,\n         1899-1933 This series includes correspondence and papers on the\n         following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n         particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n         the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n         Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n         concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n         Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n         corresponded with many political leaders and government\n         officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n         Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n         Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n         McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n         correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n         campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n         George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n         Walker. \n          This group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n         including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n         series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n         serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n         1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n         party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n         also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n         interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n         Wilson. \n          In addition to the political correspondence, there are\n         papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930. \n          The papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n         groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n         within each folder is arranged chronologically. \n         ","Series III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n         General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n         1933-1956 This series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n         general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n          1. \n          General Correspondence File :\n         Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n         labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n         to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n         official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n         \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n         material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n         part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n         of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n         Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n         topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n         subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n         order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n         several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n         placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n         file of their own. \n          This correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n         attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n         politics, and general interest in national and international\n         affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n         government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n         leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n         such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n         crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n         Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n         America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n         include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n         James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n         Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n         Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n         maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n         Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n         National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n         There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n         including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n         Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n         there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n         pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n          The researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n         correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n         topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n         judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n         folders. \n          Of particular interest is correspondence between\n         Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n         the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n         is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n         political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n         policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n         There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n         the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n         reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n         series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n         including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n         as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n         letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n         by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n          The \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n         Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n         series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n         Roosevelt. \n          2. \n          Miscellaneous Papers . This is\n         an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n         generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n         are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n         chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n         order: \n          a) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n          b) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n         government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n         attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n         other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n         chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n         House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n         Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n         secretaries. \n          c) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n         Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n         number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n         circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n         U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n         chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n         Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n         suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n         alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n         with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n         FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n         and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n         alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n         between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n         number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n         Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n         papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n          d) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n         gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n         the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n         Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n         printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n         Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n         the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n         subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n         hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n         arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n         lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n         printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n         newspaper clippings are in chronological order. \n         ","Series IV: Speeches and Articles 1. \n          Speeches, 1886-1950 : This\n         series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n         material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n         interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n         and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n          The speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n         civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n         and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n          Speeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n         in international affairs, and the World Court. \n          A number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n         including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n         Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n         contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n         speeches about crime control and the administration of\n         criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n         training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n         judicial reorganization. \n          A few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n         public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n         some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n         and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n         speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n         the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n         the presidential campaign of 1936. \n          Following Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n         divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n         date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n         contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n         group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n         with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n         topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n         that the second series is not complete even for its year\n         range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n         of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n         \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n         with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n         speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n         speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n         name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n         arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n         Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n         chronologically. \n          2. \n          Articles, 1918-1945 : Cummings'\n         articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n         there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n         democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n         number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n         comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.\n         ","Series V. Literary Papers 1. \n          Diaries, 1919-1956 : Cummings\n         kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n         he discussed his political and official activities including\n         meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n         Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n         Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n         family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n         Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n         contain many political references as well. There is also a\n         travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n         diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n         (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n         the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n         travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n         chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n         chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n          2. \n          Literary Papers, 1750-1953 :\n         This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n         books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n         Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n         Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n         there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n         historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n         correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n         of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n         regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n         1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n         research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n         the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n         1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n         on these last two projects. \n          Two card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n         the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n         Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n          The twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n         Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n         insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n         of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n         the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n         the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n         participated in historic events and associated with many other\n         powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n         struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n         important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n          All but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n         period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n         years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n         and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n         before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n         conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n         conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n         contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n         schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n         Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n         very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n         Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n         service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n         an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n         Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n         would find them very useful. \n          The earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n         principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n         behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n         election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n         April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n         for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n         sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n         probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n         entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n         recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n         organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n         Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n         Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n         Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n         and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n         refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n         body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n          The diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n         substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n         volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n         calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n         calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n         active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n         in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n         leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n         Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n         states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n         devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n         cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n          From the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n         extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n         conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n         cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n         committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n         the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n         court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n         the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n         recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n         Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n         he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n         efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n         business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n         affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n         individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n         own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n         about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n         potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n         the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n         conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n         discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n         domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n         controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n         other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n         there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n         Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n         Morgenthau. \n          Besides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n         strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n         National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n         The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n         Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n         about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n         that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n         at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n         Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n         his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n          Following his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n         Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n         affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n         and government, describing various Democratic National\n         Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n         especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n         length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n         Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n         colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n         diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n         describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n         inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n         his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n         reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n         particular contains several references to events in the years\n         1832-1937. \n         ","VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n         and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) This group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n         correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n         fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n         1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n         Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n         correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n         cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n         and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n         arranged chronologically. \n         ","Series VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n         1892-1953 There are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n         follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n         1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n         biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n         chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n         chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n         (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n         volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n         mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n         correspondence, 1934-1938. \n         ","Series VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n         Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 Many excellent photographs, of a personal and\n         professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n         approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n         of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n         1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n         portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n         professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n         Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n         Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n         Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n         group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n         friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n         the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n         and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n         U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n         with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n         activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n         1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n         show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n         as attorney general, including: participation in national\n         conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n         National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n         delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n         State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n         F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n         portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n         pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n         tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n         and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n         Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n          The personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n         following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n         mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n         as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n         acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n         Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n         University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n         including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n         his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n         Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n         early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n         Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n         Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n         photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n         took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n         Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n          A final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n         undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n         work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n         North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n         number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n         relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n         his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n         his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n         photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n         was attorney general. \n          The photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n         portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n         Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n         professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n         alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n         Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n         his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n          The second portion of the collection, the personal\n         photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n         photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n         nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n         residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n         chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n         Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n         (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n         Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n          The final portion of the collection contains\n         photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n         reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n         albums. \n          A few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n         collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n         Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n         other relatives. \n         "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n         Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n         April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n         School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n         University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n         years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n         Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n         from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n         University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n         Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n         College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n         commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n         Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n         Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n         then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n         D. Lockwood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n         subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n         of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n         1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n         delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n         National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n         latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n         party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n         but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n         was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n         vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n         was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n         identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n         party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n         from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n         famous case of \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eState V. Harold Israel\u003c/title\u003ein which\n         he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n         During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n         State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n         candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n         was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n         1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n         National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n         speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n         accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n         to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n         of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n         resolutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n         Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n         as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n         jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n         monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n         Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n         at the Connecticut State Prison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n         in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n         delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n         acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n         speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n         Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n         was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n         governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n         of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n         of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n         It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n         temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n         Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n         valuable that the president asked him to remain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n         administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n         president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n         Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n         to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n         strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n         by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n         kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n         racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n         the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n         improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n         institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n         under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n         monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n         proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n         own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n         of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n         Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n         Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n         uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n         of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n         technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n         judicial system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n         to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n         He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n         Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n         Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n         Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n         the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n         enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n         president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n         episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n         Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n         suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n         justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n         served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n         after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n         president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n         to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n         federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n         Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n         liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n         philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n         to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n         efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n         unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n         court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n         interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n         Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n         but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n         anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n         subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n         the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n         in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n         court-packing measure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n         arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n         resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n         Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n         Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n         many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe was the author of four books: \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLiberty Under Law and\n         Administration\u003c/title\u003e(1934); \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003e, with Carl\n         McFarland (1937); \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWe Can Prevent Crime\u003c/title\u003e(1937); and\n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Tired Sea\u003c/title\u003e(1939) as well as\n         numerous articles and speeches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n         Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n         belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n         of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n         Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n         Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n         and Omicron Delta Kappa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n         had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n         They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n         married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n         1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n         died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n         February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n         September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n         Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n         April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n         School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n         University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n         years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n         Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n         from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n         University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n         Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n         College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n         commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n         Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n         Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n         then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n         D. Lockwood.","In 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n         subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n         of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n         1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n         delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n         National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n         latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n         party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n         but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n         was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n         vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n         was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n         identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n         party.","Cummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n         from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n         famous case of \n          State V. Harold Israel in which\n         he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n         During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n         State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n         candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n         was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n         1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n         National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n         speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n         accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n         to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n         of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n         resolutions.","In 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n         Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n         as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n         jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n         monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n         Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n         at the Connecticut State Prison.","Cummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n         in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n         delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n         acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n         speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n         Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n         was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n         governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n         of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n         of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n         It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n         temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n         Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n         valuable that the president asked him to remain.","Cummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n         administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n         president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n         Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n         to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n         strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n         by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n         kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n         racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n         the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n         improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n         institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n         under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n         monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n         proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n         own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n         of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n         Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n         Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n         uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n         of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n         technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n         judicial system.","In his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n         to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n         He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n         Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n         Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n         Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n         the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n         enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n         president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n         episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n         Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n         suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n         justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n         served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n         after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n         president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n         to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n         federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n         Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n         liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n         philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n         to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n         efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n         unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n         court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n         interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n         Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n         but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n         anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n         subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n         the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n         in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n         court-packing measure.","In 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n         arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n         resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n         Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n         Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n         many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.","He was the author of four books: \n          Liberty Under Law and\n         Administration (1934); \n          Federal Justice , with Carl\n         McFarland (1937); \n          We Can Prevent Crime (1937); and\n          The Tired Sea (1939) as well as\n         numerous articles and speeches.","Cummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n         Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n         belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n         of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n         Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n         Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n         and Omicron Delta Kappa.","Cummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n         had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n         They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n         married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n         1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n         died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n         February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n         September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956, Accession #\n            9973, Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia\n            Library, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956, Accession #\n            9973, Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia\n            Library, Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n         (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n         speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n         photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n         long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n         general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n         reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n         value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n         The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n         and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n         and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n         court-packing struggle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n         one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n         time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n         death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n         to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n         the material in the first category was generated by his\n         service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n         corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n         around party politics, national affairs, and various\n         individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n         of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n         described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n         vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n         Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n         leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n         McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n         House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n         documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second group of political papers primarily relate to\n         Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n         continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n         corresponded with many government officials, political\n         leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n         Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n         Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n         letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n         policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n         FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n         Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n         working relationship between the two men and highlights\n         Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n         administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n         Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n         interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n         reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n         Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n         material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n         general.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n         this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n         taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n         correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n         Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n         Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n         Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n         travel diaries, are also found here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe many speeches and articles included in the collection\n         reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n         and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n         criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n         affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n         correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n         wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n         Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n         collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n         recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n         and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n         in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n         commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003eand \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Biography of a Department\u003c/title\u003e,\n         correspondence about these books and \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Selected Letters of Homer S.\n         Cummings\u003c/title\u003e, and research material for projected books on\n         military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n         research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n         abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n         Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n         correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n         that is another valuable resource for students of\n         twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n         personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n         daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n         attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n         certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n         memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n         contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n         clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence deals with capture of this\n                  dangerous criminal and attendant FBI\n                  investigation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincludes long Russian paper re: 1937 treason show\n                  trials in Russia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJeremiah Black (1857-1860) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eCharles J. Bonaparte (1906-1909) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eBenjamin H. Brewster (1881-1909) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eHarry M. Daughtery (1921-1924) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eCharles Devens (1877-1881) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eWilliam M. Evarts (1868-1869) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThomas Watt Gregory (1914-1919) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eJohn W. Griggs (1898-1901) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eJudson Harmon (1895-1897) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ePhilander C. Knox (1901-1904) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eLevi Lincoln (1801-1804) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eJoseph McKenna (1897-1898) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eJames C. McReynolds (1913-1914) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eWaynes McVeagh (1881) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eWilliam H.H. Miller (1889-1893) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eWilliam H. Moody (1904-1906) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eRichard Olney (1893-1895) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA. Mitchell Palmer (1919-1921) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEdwards Pierrepont (1875-1876) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEdmund Randolph (1789-1794) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eRichard Rush (1814-1817) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEdwin M. Stanton (1860-1861) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eAlphonzo Taft (1876-1877) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eGeorge W. Wickersham (1909-1913) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eGeorge H. Williams (1872-1875) \n               \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGroup I. Volumes 1-60, so labelled, of scrapbooks\n                  of materials related to Homer Stille Cummings' professional\n                  activities, including newspaper clippings, articles,\n                  photographs, invitations, programs, cards, letters\n                  and telegrams. \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 1-7 (Box 284)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 1: 1896 September-1897 April \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 2: 1897 April-1898 September \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 3: 1898 September-1899 December \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 4: 1900 January-1900 June \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 5: 1900 July-1900 October \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 6: 1900 October-1901 March \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 7: 1901 April-1902 March \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 8-13 (Box 285)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 8: 1902 May-1902 October \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 9: 1902 October-1904 January \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 10: 1904 January-1904 September \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 11: 1904 September-1906 March \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 12: 1906 March-1908 December \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 13: 1909 January-1912 April \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 14-18 (Box 286)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 14: 1912 April-1912 December \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 15: 1913 February-1914 June \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 16: 1914 May-1916 June \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 17: 1916 June-1916 October \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 18: 1916 October-1917 January \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 19-24 (Box 287)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 19: 1917 March-1919 March \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 20: 1919 March-1919 June \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 21: 1919 April-1919 July \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 22: 1919 July-1920 January \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 23: 1920 January-1920 April \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 24: 1920 April-1920 July \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 25-30 (Box 288)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 25: 1920 June-1920 September \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 26: 1919 November-1921 May \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 27: 1920 June-1922 June \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 28: 1922 June-1924 February \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 29: 1924 February-1924 July \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 30: 1924 August-1930 April \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 31-36 (Box 289)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 31: 1930 April-1932 July \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 32: 1932 July-1933 March \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 33: 1933 March-1933 November \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 34: 1933Dec-1934 January \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 35: 1933 April-1934 May \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 36: 1934 April-1934 June \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 37-41 (Box 290)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 37: 1934 June-1934 September \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 38: 1934 September-1935 January \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 39: 1934 December-1935 \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 40: 1935 May-1935 October \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 41: 1935 August-1936 February \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 42-46 (Box 291)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 42: 1936 February-1936 July \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 43: 1936 June-1936 November \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 44: 1936 October-1937 January \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 45: 1937 January-1937 April \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 46: 1937 April-1937 June \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 47-52 (Box 292)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 47: 1937 July-1938 January \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 48: 1938 January-1938 April \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 49: 1938 May-1938 October \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 50: 1938 November-1939 December \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 51: 1938 November-1939 January \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 52: 1939 January-1940 January \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 53-57 (Box 293)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 53: 1940 February-1942 September \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 54: 1942 September-1944 November \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 55: 1944 November-1945 July \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 56: 1945 July-1946 September \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 57: 1946 September-1948 December \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 58-60 (Box 294)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 58: 1938 July-1950 November \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 59: 1950 September-1952 August \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 60: 1952 July-1956 June\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 61 (1914 December-1916 December) \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 62 (1917 January-1924 November) \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 63 (1919 May-1919 June)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 64 (1933): Letters arranged alphabetically,\n                  A-F, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 65 (1933): Letters arranged\n                  alphabetically, G-M, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 66 (1933): Letters arranged\n                  alphabetically, N-Z, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 67 (1938 November-1939 January): Letters arranged\n                  alphabetically, received by Homer Stille Cummings\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 68: 1936 February-1936 July \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 69: 1936 July-1936 December \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 70: 1936 December-1937 April \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 71: 1937 April-1937 November \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 72: 1937 November-1938 October \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 73: 1938 October-1938 December \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 74 (1933-1937): Scrapbook of photographs \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 75a (1920-1942): Scrapbook of New York\n                  newspaper clippings \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 75b (1933 January-1934 January): Scrapbook of\n                  newspaper clippings \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 76 (1934 December): Scrapbook of materials re:\n                  Attorney General's Conference on Crime \n                  \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 77 (1935 February-1938 December): Autograph book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 78: 1933 March-1934 July Vol. 79: 1934\n                  July-1935 March Vol. 80: 1935 March-1935 December Vol. 81:\n                  1935 December-1936 November Vol. 82: 1936 December-1937 April Vol.\n                  83: 1937 April-1937 September Vol. 84: 1937 April-1937\n                  June (oversized scrapbook clippings and photographs\n                  from Nancy Randolph's columns) Vol. 85: 1937 October-1938\n                  June Vol. 86: 1938 May-1939 June\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 87: 1939 August (Letters \"Alley\" to \"Cummings\")\n                  Vol. 88: 1939 August (Letters \"Daglish\" to \"Ickes\")\n                  Vol. 89: 1939 August (Letters \"Jackson\" to \"O'Connor\")\n                  Vol. 90: 1939 August (Letters \"Parker\" to \"Swope\") Vol.\n                  91: 1939 August (Letters \"Walker\" to \"Zak,\" also\n                  sympathy cards)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 92: 1900-1903 (Scrapbooks of illustrations\n                  and newspaper photographs) Vol. 93: 1900-1904\n                  (Scrapbook of poetry: Uriah Cummings) Vol. 94: 1901\n                  December-1910 March (Scrapbook of newspaper clippings,\n                  stories, letters of Uriah Cummings)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"New York--A Rockefeller's prints go on record --\n                  Attorney General Cummings, in Washington, urges\n                  public support.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Dallas -- 22 nabbed by U.S. agents for aiding\n                  southwest desperado Clyde Barrow, slain in gunfight\n                  last May.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"New York -- Gangster income from policy racket\n                  shown to be 200 million yearly! Sensational expose\n                  uncovers nation-wide scandal.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Ceremony establishing a \"Univesity of Crime\"]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Washington -- President at dedication of\n                  Department's new $11,000,000 home! Attorney General\n                  Cummings and S[cott] M[arion] Loftin, Bar Association\n                  Head, Speak.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstallation of Edward A. Hayes as Commander of\n                  the American Legion\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n         (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n         speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n         photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n         scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n         items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n         long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n         general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n         reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n         value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n         The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n         and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n         and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n         court-packing struggle.","Cummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n         one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n         time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n         death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n         to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n         the material in the first category was generated by his\n         service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n         corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n         around party politics, national affairs, and various\n         individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n         of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n         described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n         vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n         Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n         leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n         McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n         House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n         documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.","The second group of political papers primarily relate to\n         Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n         continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n         corresponded with many government officials, political\n         leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n         Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n         Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n         letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n         policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n         FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n         Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n         working relationship between the two men and highlights\n         Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n         administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n         Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n         interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n         reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n         Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n         material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n         general.","The collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n         1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n         this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n         taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n         correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n         Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n         Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n         Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n         travel diaries, are also found here.","The many speeches and articles included in the collection\n         reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n         and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n         criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n         affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n         correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n         wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n         Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n         collection.","In Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n         recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n         and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n         in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n         commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n          Federal Justice and \n          The Biography of a Department ,\n         correspondence about these books and \n          The Selected Letters of Homer S.\n         Cummings , and research material for projected books on\n         military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n         research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n         abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n          Federal Justice .","Cummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n         Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n         correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.","The Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n         that is another valuable resource for students of\n         twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n         personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n         daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n         attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n         certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n         memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n         contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n         clippings.","Correspondence deals with capture of this\n                  dangerous criminal and attendant FBI\n                  investigation","includes long Russian paper re: 1937 treason show\n                  trials in Russia","Jeremiah Black (1857-1860) \n                Charles J. Bonaparte (1906-1909) \n                Benjamin H. Brewster (1881-1909) \n                Harry M. Daughtery (1921-1924) \n                Charles Devens (1877-1881) \n                William M. Evarts (1868-1869) \n                Thomas Watt Gregory (1914-1919) \n                John W. Griggs (1898-1901) \n                Judson Harmon (1895-1897) \n                Philander C. Knox (1901-1904) \n                Levi Lincoln (1801-1804) \n                Joseph McKenna (1897-1898) \n                James C. McReynolds (1913-1914) \n                Waynes McVeagh (1881) \n                William H.H. Miller (1889-1893) \n                William H. Moody (1904-1906) \n                Richard Olney (1893-1895) \n                A. Mitchell Palmer (1919-1921) \n                Edwards Pierrepont (1875-1876) \n                Edmund Randolph (1789-1794) \n                Richard Rush (1814-1817) \n                Edwin M. Stanton (1860-1861) \n                Alphonzo Taft (1876-1877) \n                George W. Wickersham (1909-1913) \n                George H. Williams (1872-1875) \n               ","Group I. Volumes 1-60, so labelled, of scrapbooks\n                  of materials related to Homer Stille Cummings' professional\n                  activities, including newspaper clippings, articles,\n                  photographs, invitations, programs, cards, letters\n                  and telegrams. \n                   Vols. 1-7 (Box 284) Vol. 1: 1896 September-1897 April \n                   Vol. 2: 1897 April-1898 September \n                   Vol. 3: 1898 September-1899 December \n                   Vol. 4: 1900 January-1900 June \n                   Vol. 5: 1900 July-1900 October \n                   Vol. 6: 1900 October-1901 March \n                   Vol. 7: 1901 April-1902 March \n                   Vols. 8-13 (Box 285) Vol. 8: 1902 May-1902 October \n                   Vol. 9: 1902 October-1904 January \n                   Vol. 10: 1904 January-1904 September \n                   Vol. 11: 1904 September-1906 March \n                   Vol. 12: 1906 March-1908 December \n                   Vol. 13: 1909 January-1912 April \n                   Vols. 14-18 (Box 286) Vol. 14: 1912 April-1912 December \n                   Vol. 15: 1913 February-1914 June \n                   Vol. 16: 1914 May-1916 June \n                   Vol. 17: 1916 June-1916 October \n                   Vol. 18: 1916 October-1917 January \n                   Vols. 19-24 (Box 287) Vol. 19: 1917 March-1919 March \n                   Vol. 20: 1919 March-1919 June \n                   Vol. 21: 1919 April-1919 July \n                   Vol. 22: 1919 July-1920 January \n                   Vol. 23: 1920 January-1920 April \n                   Vol. 24: 1920 April-1920 July \n                   Vols. 25-30 (Box 288) Vol. 25: 1920 June-1920 September \n                   Vol. 26: 1919 November-1921 May \n                   Vol. 27: 1920 June-1922 June \n                   Vol. 28: 1922 June-1924 February \n                   Vol. 29: 1924 February-1924 July \n                   Vol. 30: 1924 August-1930 April \n                   Vols. 31-36 (Box 289) Vol. 31: 1930 April-1932 July \n                   Vol. 32: 1932 July-1933 March \n                   Vol. 33: 1933 March-1933 November \n                   Vol. 34: 1933Dec-1934 January \n                   Vol. 35: 1933 April-1934 May \n                   Vol. 36: 1934 April-1934 June \n                   Vols. 37-41 (Box 290) Vol. 37: 1934 June-1934 September \n                   Vol. 38: 1934 September-1935 January \n                   Vol. 39: 1934 December-1935 \n                   Vol. 40: 1935 May-1935 October \n                   Vol. 41: 1935 August-1936 February \n                   Vols. 42-46 (Box 291) Vol. 42: 1936 February-1936 July \n                   Vol. 43: 1936 June-1936 November \n                   Vol. 44: 1936 October-1937 January \n                   Vol. 45: 1937 January-1937 April \n                   Vol. 46: 1937 April-1937 June \n                   Vols. 47-52 (Box 292) Vol. 47: 1937 July-1938 January \n                   Vol. 48: 1938 January-1938 April \n                   Vol. 49: 1938 May-1938 October \n                   Vol. 50: 1938 November-1939 December \n                   Vol. 51: 1938 November-1939 January \n                   Vol. 52: 1939 January-1940 January \n                   Vols. 53-57 (Box 293) Vol. 53: 1940 February-1942 September \n                   Vol. 54: 1942 September-1944 November \n                   Vol. 55: 1944 November-1945 July \n                   Vol. 56: 1945 July-1946 September \n                   Vol. 57: 1946 September-1948 December \n                   Vols. 58-60 (Box 294) Vol. 58: 1938 July-1950 November \n                   Vol. 59: 1950 September-1952 August \n                   Vol. 60: 1952 July-1956 June","Vol. 61 (1914 December-1916 December) \n                   Vol. 62 (1917 January-1924 November) \n                   Vol. 63 (1919 May-1919 June)","Vol. 64 (1933): Letters arranged alphabetically,\n                  A-F, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n                   Vol. 65 (1933): Letters arranged\n                  alphabetically, G-M, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n                   Vol. 66 (1933): Letters arranged\n                  alphabetically, N-Z, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n                   Vol. 67 (1938 November-1939 January): Letters arranged\n                  alphabetically, received by Homer Stille Cummings","Vol. 68: 1936 February-1936 July \n                   Vol. 69: 1936 July-1936 December \n                   Vol. 70: 1936 December-1937 April \n                   Vol. 71: 1937 April-1937 November \n                   Vol. 72: 1937 November-1938 October \n                   Vol. 73: 1938 October-1938 December \n                  ","Vol. 74 (1933-1937): Scrapbook of photographs \n                   Vol. 75a (1920-1942): Scrapbook of New York\n                  newspaper clippings \n                   Vol. 75b (1933 January-1934 January): Scrapbook of\n                  newspaper clippings \n                   Vol. 76 (1934 December): Scrapbook of materials re:\n                  Attorney General's Conference on Crime \n                   Vol. 77 (1935 February-1938 December): Autograph book","Vol. 78: 1933 March-1934 July Vol. 79: 1934\n                  July-1935 March Vol. 80: 1935 March-1935 December Vol. 81:\n                  1935 December-1936 November Vol. 82: 1936 December-1937 April Vol.\n                  83: 1937 April-1937 September Vol. 84: 1937 April-1937\n                  June (oversized scrapbook clippings and photographs\n                  from Nancy Randolph's columns) Vol. 85: 1937 October-1938\n                  June Vol. 86: 1938 May-1939 June","Vol. 87: 1939 August (Letters \"Alley\" to \"Cummings\")\n                  Vol. 88: 1939 August (Letters \"Daglish\" to \"Ickes\")\n                  Vol. 89: 1939 August (Letters \"Jackson\" to \"O'Connor\")\n                  Vol. 90: 1939 August (Letters \"Parker\" to \"Swope\") Vol.\n                  91: 1939 August (Letters \"Walker\" to \"Zak,\" also\n                  sympathy cards)","Vol. 92: 1900-1903 (Scrapbooks of illustrations\n                  and newspaper photographs) Vol. 93: 1900-1904\n                  (Scrapbook of poetry: Uriah Cummings) Vol. 94: 1901\n                  December-1910 March (Scrapbook of newspaper clippings,\n                  stories, letters of Uriah Cummings)","\"New York--A Rockefeller's prints go on record --\n                  Attorney General Cummings, in Washington, urges\n                  public support.\"","\"Dallas -- 22 nabbed by U.S. agents for aiding\n                  southwest desperado Clyde Barrow, slain in gunfight\n                  last May.\"","\"New York -- Gangster income from policy racket\n                  shown to be 200 million yearly! Sensational expose\n                  uncovers nation-wide scandal.\"","[Ceremony establishing a \"Univesity of Crime\"]","\"Washington -- President at dedication of\n                  Department's new $11,000,000 home! Attorney General\n                  Cummings and S[cott] M[arion] Loftin, Bar Association\n                  Head, Speak.\"","Installation of Edward A. Hayes as Commander of\n                  the American Legion"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n            \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n             \n            University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2709,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:43:15.989Z","arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eGENERAL BACKGROUND\u003c/title\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n         with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n         order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n         (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n         and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n         clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n         Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n         have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n         arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n         specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n         each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n         of the series: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eI. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eII. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIII. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n         post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n         207-233) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eV. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n         (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n         Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n         Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eX. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n         prints file) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXII. Memorabilia \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n         1939-1956 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIX. Motion Picture Films \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDESCRIPTION OF SERIES\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eSeries I: Family Papers\u003c/title\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series consists of general personal correspondence\n         and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n         four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n         Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n         Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n         material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n         place first, followed by the other family members in\n         alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n         arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n         within each folder are in chronological order. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eHomer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n         1890-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: This group includes correspondence re:\n         personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n         S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n         notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n         correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n         correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eAudie S. Cummings, Papers,\n         1921-1925\u003c/emph\u003e: This group of correspondence and papers of\n         Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e3. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMay Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n         November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955\u003c/emph\u003e: Letters\n         of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n         her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e4. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eDickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n         1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953\u003c/emph\u003e: This\n         correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n         Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n         and son. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e5. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eHelen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n         1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955\u003c/emph\u003e: This material\n         relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n         Cummings, and to her estate. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e6. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eJulia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n         February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: This papers include\n         correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n         congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n         death. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e7. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMarguerite T. Owings Cummings\n         (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955\u003c/emph\u003e: Most of these papers\n         concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n         estate, and include some correspondence between them. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: Political Papers to 1933,\n         1899-1933\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series includes correspondence and papers on the\n         following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n         particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n         the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n         Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n         concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n         Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n         corresponded with many political leaders and government\n         officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n         Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n         Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n         McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n         correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n         campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n         George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n         Walker. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n         including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n         series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n         serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n         1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n         party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n         also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n         interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n         Wilson. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIn addition to the political correspondence, there are\n         papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n         investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n         in 1930. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n         groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n         within each folder is arranged chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n         General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n         1933-1956\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n         general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eGeneral Correspondence File\u003c/emph\u003e:\n         Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n         labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n         to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n         official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n         \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n         material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n         part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n         of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n         Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n         topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n         subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n         order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n         several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n         placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n         file of their own. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n         attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n         politics, and general interest in national and international\n         affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n         government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n         leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n         such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n         crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n         Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n         America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n         include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n         James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n         Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n         Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n         maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n         Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n         National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n         There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n         including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n         Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n         there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n         pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n         correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n         topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n         judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n         folders. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eOf particular interest is correspondence between\n         Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n         the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n         is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n         political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n         policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n         There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n         the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n         reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n         series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n         including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n         as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n         letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n         by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n         Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n         series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n         Roosevelt. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMiscellaneous Papers\u003c/emph\u003e. This is\n         an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n         generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n         are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n         chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n         order: \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ea) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eb) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n         government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n         attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n         other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n         chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n         House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n         Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n         secretaries. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ec) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n         Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n         number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n         circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n         U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n         chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n         Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n         suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n         alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n         with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n         FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n         and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n         alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n         between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n         number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n         Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n         papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ed) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n         gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n         the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n         Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n         printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n         Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n         the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n         subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n         hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n         arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n         lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n         printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n         newspaper clippings are in chronological order. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Speeches and Articles\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSpeeches, 1886-1950\u003c/emph\u003e: This\n         series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n         material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n         interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n         and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n         civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n         and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSpeeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n         in international affairs, and the World Court. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n         including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n         Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n         contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n         speeches about crime control and the administration of\n         criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n         training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n         judicial reorganization. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n         public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n         some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n         and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n         speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n         the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n         the presidential campaign of 1936. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFollowing Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n         divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n         date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n         contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n         group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n         with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n         topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n         that the second series is not complete even for its year\n         range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n         of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n         \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n         with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n         speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n         speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n         name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n         arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n         Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n         chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eArticles, 1918-1945\u003c/emph\u003e: Cummings'\n         articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n         there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n         democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n         number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n         comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.\n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V. Literary Papers\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eDiaries, 1919-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: Cummings\n         kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n         he discussed his political and official activities including\n         meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n         Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n         Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n         family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n         Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n         contain many political references as well. There is also a\n         travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n         diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n         (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n         the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n         travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n         chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n         chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eLiterary Papers, 1750-1953\u003c/emph\u003e:\n         This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n         books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n         Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n         Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n         there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n         historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n         correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n         of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n         regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n         1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n         research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n         the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n         1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n         on these last two projects. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTwo card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n         the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n         Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n         Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n         insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n         of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n         the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n         the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n         participated in historic events and associated with many other\n         powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n         struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n         important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eAll but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n         period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n         years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n         and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n         before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n         conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n         conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n         contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n         schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n         Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n         very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n         Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n         service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n         an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n         Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n         would find them very useful. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n         principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n         behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n         election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n         April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n         for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n         sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n         probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n         entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n         recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n         organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n         Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n         Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n         Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n         and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n         refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n         body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n         substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n         volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n         calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n         calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n         active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n         in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n         leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n         Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n         states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n         devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n         cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFrom the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n         extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n         conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n         cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n         committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n         the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n         court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n         the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n         recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n         Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n         he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n         efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n         business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n         affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n         individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n         own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n         about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n         potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n         the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n         conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n         discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n         domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n         controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n         other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n         there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n         Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n         Morgenthau. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eBesides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n         strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n         National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n         The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n         Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n         about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n         that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n         at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n         Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n         his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFollowing his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n         Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n         affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n         and government, describing various Democratic National\n         Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n         especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n         length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n         Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n         colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n         diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n         describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n         inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n         his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n         reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n         particular contains several references to events in the years\n         1832-1937. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eVI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n         and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n         correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n         fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n         1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n         Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n         correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n         cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n         and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n         arranged chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n         1892-1953\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThere are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n         follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n         1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n         biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n         chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n         chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n         (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n         volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n         mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n         correspondence, 1934-1938. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n         Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eMany excellent photographs, of a personal and\n         professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n         approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n         of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n         1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n         portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n         professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n         Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n         Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n         Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n         Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n         group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n         friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n         the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n         and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n         U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n         with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n         activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n         1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n         show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n         as attorney general, including: participation in national\n         conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n         National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n         delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n         State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n         F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n         portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n         pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n         tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n         and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n         Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n         following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n         mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n         as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n         acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n         Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n         University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n         including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n         his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n         Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n         early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n         Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n         Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n         photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n         took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n         Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n         undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n         work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n         North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n         number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n         relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n         his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n         his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n         photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n         was attorney general. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n         portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n         Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n         professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n         alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n         Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n         his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe second portion of the collection, the personal\n         photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n         photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n         nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n         residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n         chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n         Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n         (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n         Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe final portion of the collection contains\n         photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n         reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n         albums. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n         collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n         Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n         other relatives. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01993_c01_c115"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":53},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Arlington Public Library","value":"Arlington Public Library","hits":750},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Arlington+Public+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Augusta County Historical Society","value":"Augusta County Historical Society","hits":7},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Augusta+County+Historical+Society\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Christiansburg Institute Museum and Archives","value":"Christiansburg Institute Museum and Archives","hits":28},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Christiansburg+Institute+Museum+and+Archives\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":5094},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Colonial Williamsburg","value":"Colonial Williamsburg","hits":75},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Colonial+Williamsburg\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","value":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","hits":25},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Edgar+Cayce+Foundation\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax Circuit Court Historic Records Center","value":"Fairfax Circuit Court Historic Records Center","hits":32},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+Circuit+Court+Historic+Records+Center\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax County Public Library","value":"Fairfax County Public Library","hits":83},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+County+Public+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":494},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":98},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"Glass Ceilings:  Highlights from the International Archive of Women in 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