{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=8","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=7","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=9","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subseries\u0026facet.page=2\u0026page=7283"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":8,"next_page":9,"prev_page":7,"total_pages":7283,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":70,"total_count":72826,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c06_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11.6.2: 11th Circuit","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c06_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c06_c02","ref_ssm":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c06_c02"],"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c06_c02","ead_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_root_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_nest_parent_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c06","parent_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c06","parent_ssim":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c06"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c06"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998","11.6: U.S. Circuit Court Files \n \n 1987-1995"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998","11.6: U.S. Circuit Court Files \n \n 1987-1995"],"text":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998","11.6: U.S. Circuit Court Files \n \n 1987-1995","11.6.2: 11th Circuit"],"title_filing_ssi":"11th Circuit","title_ssm":["11.6.2: 11th Circuit"],"title_tesim":["11.6.2: 11th Circuit"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11.6.2: 11th Circuit"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"collection_ssim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2497,"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#5/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-20T15:09:42.701Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","ead_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_root_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_nest_parent_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/wl-law/vilxwl00013.xml","title_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"title_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001"],"text":["001","Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","The papers are\n 363 cu. ft. in extent.","By terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site.","The papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n 1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.2 Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n Series 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n 2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n Series 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n Series 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n Series 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n Series 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n 3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n Series 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n Series 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n Series 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n 4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026 Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n Series 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n Series 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n Series 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n 5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n Series 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n Series 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n Series 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n Series 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n Series 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n Series 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n Series 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n Series 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n Series 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n 6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n Series 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n Series 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n Series 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n Series 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n Series 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n Series 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n 7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n Series 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n Series 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n Series 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n Series 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n Series 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n Series 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n Series 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n Series 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n Series 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n Series 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n 8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n Series 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n Series 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n Series 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n 9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n Series 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n Series 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n 10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n Series 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n Series 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n Series 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n Series 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n 11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n Series 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n Series 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n Series 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n Series 11.5 Speeches \u0026 Writings, 1987-1995 \n Series 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n 12. Materials by Form \n Series 12.1 Photos \n Series 12.2 Audio \u0026 Video Recordings \n Series 12.3 Scrapbooks \n Series 12.4 Clippings \n Series 12.5 Printed Materials \n Series 12.6 Artifacts \n ","This correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the Powell Archives website\n ","Arranged alphabetically by topic.","Consists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.","The commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.","The Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Alphabetical by topic.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.","Alphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.","Arranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.","Arranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.","Arranged by topic.","By forms or materials.","Arranged by forms of materials.","LEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY 1907 Sept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia 1925 B.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026 Lee\n University 1931 LL.B, Washington \u0026 Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar 1932 LL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026 Parker 1935 Joined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore 1936 Married Josephine Pierce Rucker 1938 Jan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born 1938-1941 Instructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond 1940 Sept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born 1941 Elected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association 1942 Volunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces 1946 Discharged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams 1947 July 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born 1947-1948 Chairman, Richmond Charter Commission 1948-1949 President, Richmond Bar Association 1948-1952 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service 1950 Joined Richmond School Board 1952 Sept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born 1952-1961 Chairman, Richmond School Board 1954 June 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026 Powell 1958 Member of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union 1961-1969 Member of Virginia State Board of\n Education 1962 Represented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation 1964-1965 President, American Bar Association 1965-1966 Member, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor 1965-1967 Member, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice 1967-1968 Member, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission 1969-1970 Member, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers 1969-1971 President, American Bar Foundation 1971 Oct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate 1972 Jan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987 June 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987-1996 Sat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge 1996 July 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died 1997 Jan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed 1998 August 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died","The portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.","In 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026 L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026 L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.","Papers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026 L on March 4, 1992.","Powell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026 Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026 L law school when he had finished with them.","The papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026 L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026 L.","On December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.","The papers resided at W \u0026 L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.","In May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026 L and from\n his military service were included in this accession.","The Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026 Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.","The Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.","This is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This item is a copy.","This series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.","Subject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").","The \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.","Also part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n Richmond Times\n Dispatch and reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.","There are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. ","Family Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.","The subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives","The correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.","The subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"","In addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.","The name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.","Correspondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.","Correspondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.","This is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.","The Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.","Note: Permission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.","In addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.","The \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.","The \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.","Concerning the settlement of her\n estate.","These records are closed to researchers.","Records re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by William H. Moreland","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by William H. Moreland (?)","Written for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee","Taught by Felix Frankfurter.","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd","Includes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.","Speeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.","A frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)","One folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.","Talk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Virginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia","Indianapolis, Indiana","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Alexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia","AMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia","American Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia","WMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia","Welcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Broadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.","Re Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.","Released for use by the Richmond \n News Leader .","Radio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Radio address on WLEE.","Re Richmond, Virginia city government.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","West End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.","For broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.","The English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Community Chest, Richmond, Virginia.","Faculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Talk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Goochland Rotary Club.","Notes for speeches before civic clubs.","Delivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.","Richmond, Virginia.","Draft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...","Richmond, Virginia.","University of Virginia.","Joint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957","Draft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Richmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.","Richmond, Virginia.","South Road\n Rotary","Report to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file. , ","Arlington Virginia Bar Association","Speech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.","Speech to Naval\n Unit","Rotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)","Excerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.","Optimist Club, Richmond, Virginia","Notes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026 8/3 on\n WRNL.","Virginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.","Notes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.","Miami Beach, Florida","Richmond, Virginia","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia","Chesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia","Notes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.","Lexington, Virginia","Notes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.","Notes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Virginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Lecture to\n Associates. Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Investment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.","St. Stephen's Church.","Northside\n Teachers.","Richmond Public School System.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.","Vermont Bar Association","Lecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.","Southeastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.","Commemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.","Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.","New Mexico Bar.","Oklahoma Bar Association","Delaware Bar Association","Pamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.","Printed booklet format.\n ","Prepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska","Knoxville Bar Association","Federal Bar Association, Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Association","National Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.","Committee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism","Grace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia","Newcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia","Connecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut","Virginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia","Virginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia","To be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice","St. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia","Law School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina","Florida State Bar, Miami, Florida","Society of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia","Judiciary Committee of United States\n Senate","Mississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi","Federal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC","NACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota","ABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois","Given by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia","Kiwanis Club, Washington, DC","Allegheny County Bar Association","Press release. \n Substantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA .","Woman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Memo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.","Prepared for publication in \n Lawyers Title\n News","Conference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.","LAMP, Cleveland, Ohio","Statement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.","Howard College, Birmingham, Alabama","Kentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky","South Carolina Bar","Town Hall, New York City","Country Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia","Pennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania","National Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York","ABA House of Delegates, New York, City","Annual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY","Jamestown Foundation","Federal Bar Association","Indiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana","State Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan","Column in \n ABA Journal ,\n volumes 50 - 51","State Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico","ABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia","Boston University","Excerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association","Oklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma","American Farm Bureau Federation","Texas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas","Association of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois","Dade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida","Maryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland","ABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana","Charter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.","Cleveland Bar Association","New York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n ABA Journal","San Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco","Los Angeles County Bar Association","Southeastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida","American College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi","University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n University of Florida\n Law Review published version is\n entitled, \n Respect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society","Dedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri","Joint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico","51 \n ABA Journal 437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.","Great Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.","National Conference on Law and Poverty","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia","State Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas","Virginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia","Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.","ABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.","ABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida","Canadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada","University of Richmond Law School","Union Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia","Yale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut","Commonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Harvard Club of Virginia","Virginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia","Virginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia","23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 205 (Fall 1966).","Richmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia","Virginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n Building Respect\n For Law and Order ) also in this\n file.","Key-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.","Founder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.","Lecture to firm of Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Crime Commission office memorandum.","National Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.","The Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.","Harvard Law School Class Reunion.","Tories (?) Club.","Conference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Review of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n ABA Journal , c.\n Nov. 1967.","Richmond Jaycees","Southern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n U.S. News \u0026 World\n Report , Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.","American Bar Association.","Phi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.","Published in the \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch .","For \n Dun's\n Review .","Three different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education . Printed version also in this\n file.","American Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.","Bank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.","Northside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia State Board of Education.","Richmond Kiwanis Club.","Chamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.","Virginia State Bar.","Candidate for Virginia Governor.","American Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.","Thomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Testimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.","Public meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.","American Bar Foundation Breakfast.","Key Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Confidential\n Memorandum.","As submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.","Southern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.","Prepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.","Remarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Convocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.","Richmond Chapter.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","United Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Published in June 28, 1971 \n \n Perspectives section of \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","Submitted informally to the Attorney\n General.","Confidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.","Notes for speech.","16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.","Civil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?","Powell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.","The subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.","World War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.","Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.","Finally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n Ultra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II . This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.","Though Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026 Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.","This subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.","These are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.","The subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.","American Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.","Among the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.","The campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026 Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.","Powell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.","Powell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.","Powell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.","Circuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026 Tenth.","Speeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.","Titled \n Questions\n of Comparative Negligence","Re Hunton \u0026 Williams Cocktail\n Party","American Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.","American College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.","National Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.","Richmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.","Virginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.","This series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.","Joint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.","Attorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.","President's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.","Based on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.","Powell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"","Selected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.","Blue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.","As in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).","Forms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.","Some letters included in this file.","Advisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.","Comprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.","Contains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.","Made up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.","This one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.","Anyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.","Like the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.","The titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.","There are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.","The \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.","Letters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC","Notes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC","Comments by Henry I. Willett.","Includes memoranda and course outlines.","Includes 1959 \n Spong Report","Consists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.","Four inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.","Realizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.","One folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.","One foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.","As President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"","As in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.","The subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.","On July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.","Includes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.","2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026 Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","The subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.","Series 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n 8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n 8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n 8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n 8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n 8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n 8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n 8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n 8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n ","Subseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.","The name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.","Series 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.","Subseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.","Subseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.","Subseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.","Series 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n 8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n 8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n 8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n 8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n 8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n 8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n 8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n 8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n ","The Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.","Powell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.","The subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.","Perhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.","Colonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.","The State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.","Lawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.","The subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.","The Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.","There is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026\n Williams client.","The subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.","Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"","Subseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.","The sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026 Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.","Series includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.","Powell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.","The correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.","The Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.","The remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.","The correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.","The memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.","The subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026 Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.","The printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.","Reference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.","This subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.","This subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1994.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1990.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1995.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1989.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1993.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1971.","Served during October Term 1988.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1991.","Served during October Term 1987.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n See also 10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.","Served during October Term 1992.","This subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.","The \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.","Most of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.","Covers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.","Subject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.","The \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n The Brethren .","This file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n Attack On American\n Free Enterprise memorandum.","The subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.","Printed materials are at the end of this\n file.","Concerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.","Humorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.","This subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026 Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.","A third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.","The \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.","There is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.","Though Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.","The mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.","Records of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.","For the contents of these boxes, see \n this spreadsheet at the Powell Archives website. \n ","The series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.","It is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.","The documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.","These are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.","These memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.","These files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.","This card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.","The series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.","The \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.","There are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Honoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.","San Francisco, California.","New York, New York.","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","El Paso, Texas","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia.","T.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.","Dedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.","University of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana","Lexington, Virginia","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Washington and Lee Law\n Review Volume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.","Northwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.","American Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.","Provo, Utah.","The Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.","Colonial Williamsburg.","Virginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","College of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Biography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.","Supreme Court Building, Washington, DC","Powell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.","Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia.","Houston, Texas.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Powell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Program during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.","Labor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Atlanta, Georgia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.","Lexington, Virginia.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","Utah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.","Chicago, Illinois.","Richmond, Virginia.","John Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.","F Street Club, Washington, DC.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Princeton, New Jersey.","Commemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.","Washington, D.C.","University of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Includes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.","Orison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Foreword to \n Hofstra Law\n Review .","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Boca Raton, Florida.","Powell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.","Includes papers re session","Richmond, Virginia.","Atlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.","Dallas, Texas.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Salzburg, Austria.","Memorandum prepared for unknown purpose.","Richmond, Virginia.","Memorandum.","Preface to \n Virginia Law\n Review issue dedicated to Paulsen.","New York, New York.","Portsmouth, Virginia.","University of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.","University of\n Pennsylvania Law Review Annual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.","Biloxi, Mississippi.","New Orleans, Louisiana.","Includes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.","Franklin, Virginia.","Tribute in \n Harvard Law\n Review .","New Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Spoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Eleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.","Harlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.","Lexington, Virginia","Published in \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review , Winter 1982.","Published in \n Texas Law\n Review August 1982.","Includes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Published in \n Baylor Law\n Review , Fall 1982.","Richmond, Virginia.","Published in \n Virginia Law\n Review , June 1983.","Eminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Greenville, South Carolina.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.","Tau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.","Canadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.","National Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.","Includes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond Bar Association.","United States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.","West Palm Beach, Florida.","Atlanta, Georgia.","American Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","American Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","University Club, Washington, D.C.","Arlington, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","University of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia","Alexandria, Virginia","Birmingham, Alabama.","Interview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n In Search of the\n Constitution , first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.","Used in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.","Trip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.","Did not make this trip.","Only Mrs. Powell made this trip.","Dinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.","The retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.","Statement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.","Correspondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.","The record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","In addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.","Retirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.","Correspondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.","A listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.","The General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","The correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","Some of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.","Following correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.","Includes membership lists and dinner\n menus.","This file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n Justice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr. .","Includes memo to file of October 14, 1987.","Sculpted by George M. Kelly.","Re the role of the Solicitor General for \n The New\n Yorker magazine.","Correspondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams is at the end of the\n file.","Topic discussed is Freeman's \n Justice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions in the Spring 1988 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review .","Re preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.","Includes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.","Social Security information for Powell\n maid.","Records primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n American\n Experience show about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.","Correspondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.","These transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.","File primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.","Written by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n Virginia Magazine of\n History and Biography","See also \n 11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr. concerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.","Powell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.","Habeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989 .","Powell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.","Includes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.","San Francisco, California","Washington, D.C.","See also \n 11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D. in subject files.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","James Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia","Student Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia","Conversation At\n Monticello , Charlottesville,\n Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Criminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.","Social Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.","Irving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.","University of Richmond School of Law.","Yale Political Union","Washington and Lee University School of\n Law.","Hunton \u0026 Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Kiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Article in \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","National Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Leslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","Loyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.","Drake University.","For WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.","The Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.","Interview with \n \n Time Magazine.","Re Powell's World War II Service.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","New York University Law School.","Published in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.","Honolulu, Hawaii.","Colonial Williamsburg.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","Williamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n Indiana Law\n Review .","Published in \n Stanford Law\n Review , Volume 44, Summer 1992.","Seton Hall Law\n Review dedication.","Harvard Law\n Review dedication.","Dickinson Law\n Review .","Working title of \n Handguns: A Call to\n Arms . Apparently unpublished.","Arlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.","Volume 50, Number 1.","Harvard Law\n Review , Volume 107, Number 1.","Table of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.","Justice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.","Includes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n Supreme Court -\n 1986 Term","Includes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.","National Press Club, Washington, D.C.","New York City","Anderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.","Fort Meade, Maryland","Silver Springs, Maryland","Hunt, Texas","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Jackson, Mississippi","Richmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.","Charlottesville, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Toronto, Canada","Toronto, Canada. Includes files on \n Capital\n Punishment speech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.","Toronto, Canada","Cour d'Arlene, Idaho","In honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Cambridge, Massachusetts","New Haven, Connecticut","Washington, D.C.","New York City","Hobe Sound, Florida","Boca Raton, Florida","Lexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n /The Supreme\n Court .","Williamsburg, Virginia","Salt Lake City, Utah","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Washington, D.C.","New Haven, Connecticut","Richmond, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Sratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Atlanta, Georgia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.","New York City. Includes speech, \n Stare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint, and drafts of\n speech.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Baltimore, Maryland","Norfolk, Virginia","Williamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia","Columbus, Ohio","Washington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.","Washington, D.C.","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","John Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.","New York University School of Law, New York\n City","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Hartford, Connecticut","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Did not make the trip.","Did not make trip.","Baltimore, Maryland","Did not make trip.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Charlottesville, Virginia","Grove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina","Williamsburg, Virginia","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Maui, Hawaii","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Potomac, Maryland","Lexington, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Brookville, New York","The Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Baltimore, Maryland","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hilton Head, South Carolina","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n Changes In the\n Practice of Law .","Baltimore, Maryland","Virginia Beach, Virginia","Washington, D.C. Includes speech, \n A Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments .","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Sratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Unprocessed.","Includes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.","Subjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.","Box 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. ","Includes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court","Includes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n Democrats for\n Eisenhower , 1952 \u0026 1956.","Clippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission","This series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n Powell Chambers\n Library as a title search.","Related to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.","Related to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.","Related to section 3.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.","Related to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.","Includes: \n Ring-tum\n Phi ,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026 November 10, 1971; \n W \u0026 L Law\n News , March 30, 1989; \n Southern School\n News , March 1956; \n Richmond\n Mercury , March 20, 1974; \n The Daily\n Record , May 26, 1941; \n Richmond\n News-Leader , November 21, 1956\n (part).","Writing by or about Powell.","Related to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.","Records and briefs.","Contents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.","Contents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n Squiggle ,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.","One plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.","Includes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.","Letter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.","369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.","Gown, two caps and hood.","Institutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.","875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.","Fine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n It's the Only\n Way by Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n Arguing the Parson's\n Cause by George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage.","Published materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a","English"],"unitid_tesim":["001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"collection_ssim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"creator_ssm":["Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The papers are\n 363 cu. ft. in extent."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["By terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.2 Biographical \u0026amp; Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026amp; Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026amp; Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.5 Speeches \u0026amp; Writings, 1987-1995 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e12. Materials by Form \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.1 Photos \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.2 Audio \u0026amp; Video Recordings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.3 Scrapbooks \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.4 Clippings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.5 Printed Materials \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.6 Artifacts \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://https://www.%20law.wlu.edu/powell-archives/powell-papers%20/xlink\u0026#x201D;%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:href=https://wlu.box.com/s/81nuautroe8qu9wg0e53jnbtn7mp95pp%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:actuate=\u0026#x201C;onrequest\" show=\"new\"\u003ePowell Archives website\n \u003c/extref\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy forms or materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by forms of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n 1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.2 Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n Series 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n 2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n Series 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n Series 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n Series 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n Series 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n 3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n Series 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n Series 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n Series 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n 4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026 Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n Series 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n Series 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n Series 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n 5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n Series 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n Series 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n Series 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n Series 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n Series 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n Series 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n Series 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n Series 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n Series 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n 6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n Series 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n Series 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n Series 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n Series 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n Series 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n Series 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n 7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n Series 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n Series 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n Series 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n Series 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n Series 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n Series 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n Series 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n Series 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n Series 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n Series 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n 8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n Series 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n Series 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n Series 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n 9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n Series 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n Series 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n 10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n Series 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n Series 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n Series 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n Series 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n 11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n Series 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n Series 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n Series 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n Series 11.5 Speeches \u0026 Writings, 1987-1995 \n Series 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n 12. Materials by Form \n Series 12.1 Photos \n Series 12.2 Audio \u0026 Video Recordings \n Series 12.3 Scrapbooks \n Series 12.4 Clippings \n Series 12.5 Printed Materials \n Series 12.6 Artifacts \n ","This correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the Powell Archives website\n ","Arranged alphabetically by topic.","Consists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.","The commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.","The Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Alphabetical by topic.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.","Alphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.","Arranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.","Arranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.","Arranged by topic.","By forms or materials.","Arranged by forms of materials."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["LEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY 1907 Sept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia 1925 B.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026 Lee\n University 1931 LL.B, Washington \u0026 Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar 1932 LL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026 Parker 1935 Joined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore 1936 Married Josephine Pierce Rucker 1938 Jan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born 1938-1941 Instructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond 1940 Sept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born 1941 Elected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association 1942 Volunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces 1946 Discharged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams 1947 July 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born 1947-1948 Chairman, Richmond Charter Commission 1948-1949 President, Richmond Bar Association 1948-1952 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service 1950 Joined Richmond School Board 1952 Sept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born 1952-1961 Chairman, Richmond School Board 1954 June 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026 Powell 1958 Member of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union 1961-1969 Member of Virginia State Board of\n Education 1962 Represented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation 1964-1965 President, American Bar Association 1965-1966 Member, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor 1965-1967 Member, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice 1967-1968 Member, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission 1969-1970 Member, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers 1969-1971 President, American Bar Foundation 1971 Oct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate 1972 Jan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987 June 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987-1996 Sat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge 1996 July 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died 1997 Jan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed 1998 August 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026amp; L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026amp; L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026amp; L on March 4, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026amp; Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026amp; L law school when he had finished with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026amp; L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026amp; L.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers resided at W \u0026amp; L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026amp; L and from\n his military service were included in this accession.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.","In 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026 L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026 L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.","Papers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026 L on March 4, 1992.","Powell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026 Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026 L law school when he had finished with them.","The papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026 L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026 L.","On December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.","The papers resided at W \u0026 L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.","In May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026 L and from\n his military service were included in this accession."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLewis F. Powell Jr. Papers, 1921-1998, Ms 001, Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr. Archives, Washington and Lee University,\n Lexington, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers, 1921-1998, Ms 001, Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr. Archives, Washington and Lee University,\n Lexington, VA"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026amp; Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item is a copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times\n Dispatch\u003c/title\u003eand reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eNote:\u003c/title\u003ePermission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerning the settlement of her\n estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese records are closed to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by William H. Moreland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by William H. Moreland (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Felix Frankfurter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndianapolis, Indiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWelcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBroadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReleased for use by the Richmond \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNews Leader\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRadio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRadio address on WLEE.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Richmond, Virginia city government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJunior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommunity Chest, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFaculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoochland Rotary Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speeches before civic clubs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDraft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eJoint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDraft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSouth Road\n Rotary\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eReport to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file.\u003c/title\u003e, \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington Virginia Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSpeech to Naval\n Unit\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eExcerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOptimist Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eNotes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026amp; 8/3 on\n WRNL.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiami Beach, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJunior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eLecture to\n Associates.\u003c/title\u003eHunton \u0026amp; Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvestment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. Stephen's Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eNorthside\n Teachers.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Public School System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVermont Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoutheastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Mexico Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOklahoma Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelaware Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrinted booklet format.\n \u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKnoxville Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Association, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommittee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConnecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eTo be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaw School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlorida State Bar, Miami, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSociety of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJudiciary Committee of United States\n Senate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGiven by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKiwanis Club, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAllegheny County Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress release. \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSubstantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWoman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrepared for publication in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLawyers Title\n News\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLAMP, Cleveland, Ohio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHoward College, Birmingham, Alabama\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina Bar\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTown Hall, New York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCountry Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA House of Delegates, New York, City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJamestown Foundation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumn in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e,\n volumes 50 - 51\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eExcerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Farm Bureau Federation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTexas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssociation of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCleveland Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLos Angeles County Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoutheastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUniversity of Florida\n Law Review\u003c/title\u003epublished version is\n entitled, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eRespect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e51 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGreat Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference on Law and Poverty\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNinth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCanadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Richmond Law School\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnion Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvard Club of Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e23 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e205 (Fall 1966).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eBuilding Respect\n For Law and Order\u003c/title\u003e) also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKey-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFounder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLecture to firm of Hunton \u0026amp; Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime Commission office memorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvard Law School Class Reunion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTories (?) Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReview of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e, c.\n Nov. 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Jaycees\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eU.S. News \u0026amp; World\n Report\u003c/title\u003e, Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDun's\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eA Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education\u003c/title\u003e. Printed version also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorthside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Board of Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Kiwanis Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCandidate for Virginia Governor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTestimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublic meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Foundation Breakfast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKey Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eConfidential\n Memorandum.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAs submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConvocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Chapter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in June 28, 1971 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e\n Perspectives\u003c/title\u003esection of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubmitted informally to the Attorney\n General.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eCivil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorld War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistorical Studies \u0026amp; Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUltra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II\u003c/title\u003e. This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026amp; Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026amp; Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCircuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026amp; Tenth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitled \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eQuestions\n of Comparative Negligence\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Hunton \u0026amp; Williams Cocktail\n Party\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBased on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters included in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMade up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLike the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments by Henry I. Willett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes memoranda and course outlines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes 1959 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSpong Report\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRealizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026amp; Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026amp; Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026amp; Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026amp; Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026amp; Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams client.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026amp; Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1989.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSee also\u003c/emph\u003e10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Brethren\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAttack On American\n Free Enterprise\u003c/title\u003ememorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted materials are at the end of this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHumorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026amp; Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the contents of these boxes, see \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://https://www.wlu.app.box.com/s/ockkfso2qvvmoz5rwb4za8ozolt1ptan/xlink\u0026#x201D;%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:href=https://wlu.box.com/s/81nuautroe8qu9wg0e53jnbtn7mp95pp%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:actuate=\u0026#x201C;onrequest\" show=\"new\"\u003ethis spreadsheet\u003c/extref\u003e at the Powell Archives website. \n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026amp; 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco, California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEl Paso, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eT.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eVolume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorthwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProvo, Utah.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollege of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupreme Court Building, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouston, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUtah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChicago, Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eF Street Club, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinceton, New Jersey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForeword to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHofstra Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoca Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes papers re session\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDallas, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalzburg, Austria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemorandum prepared for unknown purpose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreface to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eissue dedicated to Paulsen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortsmouth, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUniversity of\n Pennsylvania Law Review\u003c/title\u003eAnnual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiloxi, Mississippi.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranklin, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTribute in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Winter 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTexas Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eAugust 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBaylor Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Fall 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, June 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGreenville, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCanadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Bar Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Palm Beach, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity Club, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBirmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIn Search of the\n Constitution\u003c/title\u003e, first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUsed in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make this trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnly Mrs. Powell made this trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRetirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes membership lists and dinner\n menus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eJustice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes memo to file of October 14, 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSculpted by George M. Kelly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe the role of the Solicitor General for \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe New\n Yorker\u003c/title\u003emagazine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams is at the end of the\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopic discussed is Freeman's \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eJustice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions\u003c/title\u003ein the Spring 1988 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSocial Security information for Powell\n maid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican\n Experience\u003c/title\u003eshow about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Magazine of\n History and Biography\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr.\u003c/title\u003econcerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eHabeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco, California\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D.\u003c/title\u003ein subject files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStudent Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eConversation At\n Monticello\u003c/title\u003e, Charlottesville,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSocial Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIrving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Richmond School of Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYale Political Union\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington and Lee University School of\n Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHunton \u0026amp; Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrake University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003e\n Time\u003c/title\u003eMagazine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Powell's World War II Service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican Bar Association\n Journal\u003c/title\u003eInterview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York University Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican Bar Association\n Journal\u003c/title\u003eInterview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIndiana Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStanford Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Volume 44, Summer 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSeton Hall Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003ededication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003ededication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDickinson Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorking title of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eHandguns: A Call to\n Arms\u003c/title\u003e. Apparently unpublished.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVolume 50, Number 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Volume 107, Number 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTable of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSupreme Court -\n 1986 Term\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Press Club, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Meade, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSilver Springs, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHunt, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarrisonburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJackson, Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarrisonburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada. Includes files on \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eCapital\n Punishment\u003c/title\u003espeech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCour d'Arlene, Idaho\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCambridge, Massachusetts\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Haven, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoca Raton, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e/The Supreme\n Court\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalt Lake City, Utah\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Haven, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City. Includes speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eStare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint,\u003c/title\u003eand drafts of\n speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrake University, Des Moines, Iowa\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorfolk, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumbus, Ohio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHollins, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York University School of Law, New York\n City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHartford, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make the trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaui, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePotomac, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHollins, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrookville, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHilton Head, South Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eChanges In the\n Practice of Law\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Beach, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C. Includes speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eA Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDemocrats for\n Eisenhower\u003c/title\u003e, 1952 \u0026amp; 1956.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePowell Chambers\n Library\u003c/title\u003eas a title search.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 3.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRing-tum\n Phi\u003c/title\u003e,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026amp; November 10, 1971; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eW \u0026amp; L Law\n News\u003c/title\u003e, March 30, 1989; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSouthern School\n News\u003c/title\u003e, March 1956; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Mercury\u003c/title\u003e, March 20, 1974; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Daily\n Record\u003c/title\u003e, May 26, 1941; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n News-Leader\u003c/title\u003e, November 21, 1956\n (part).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting by or about Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords and briefs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSquiggle\u003c/title\u003e,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGown, two caps and hood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstitutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eIt's the Only\n Way\u003c/title\u003eby Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eArguing the Parson's\n Cause\u003c/title\u003eby George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026 Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.","The Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.","This is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This item is a copy.","This series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.","Subject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").","The \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.","Also part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n Richmond Times\n Dispatch and reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.","There are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. ","Family Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.","The subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives","The correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.","The subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"","In addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.","The name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.","Correspondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.","Correspondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.","This is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.","The Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.","Note: Permission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.","In addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.","The \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.","The \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.","Concerning the settlement of her\n estate.","These records are closed to researchers.","Records re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by William H. Moreland","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by William H. Moreland (?)","Written for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee","Taught by Felix Frankfurter.","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd","Includes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.","Speeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.","A frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)","One folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.","Talk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Virginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia","Indianapolis, Indiana","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Alexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia","AMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia","American Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia","WMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia","Welcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Broadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.","Re Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.","Released for use by the Richmond \n News Leader .","Radio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Radio address on WLEE.","Re Richmond, Virginia city government.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","West End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.","For broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.","The English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Community Chest, Richmond, Virginia.","Faculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Talk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Goochland Rotary Club.","Notes for speeches before civic clubs.","Delivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.","Richmond, Virginia.","Draft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...","Richmond, Virginia.","University of Virginia.","Joint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957","Draft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Richmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.","Richmond, Virginia.","South Road\n Rotary","Report to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file. , ","Arlington Virginia Bar Association","Speech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.","Speech to Naval\n Unit","Rotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)","Excerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.","Optimist Club, Richmond, Virginia","Notes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026 8/3 on\n WRNL.","Virginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.","Notes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.","Miami Beach, Florida","Richmond, Virginia","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia","Chesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia","Notes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.","Lexington, Virginia","Notes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.","Notes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Virginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Lecture to\n Associates. Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Investment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.","St. Stephen's Church.","Northside\n Teachers.","Richmond Public School System.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.","Vermont Bar Association","Lecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.","Southeastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.","Commemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.","Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.","New Mexico Bar.","Oklahoma Bar Association","Delaware Bar Association","Pamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.","Printed booklet format.\n ","Prepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska","Knoxville Bar Association","Federal Bar Association, Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Association","National Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.","Committee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism","Grace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia","Newcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia","Connecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut","Virginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia","Virginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia","To be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice","St. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia","Law School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina","Florida State Bar, Miami, Florida","Society of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia","Judiciary Committee of United States\n Senate","Mississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi","Federal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC","NACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota","ABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois","Given by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia","Kiwanis Club, Washington, DC","Allegheny County Bar Association","Press release. \n Substantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA .","Woman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Memo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.","Prepared for publication in \n Lawyers Title\n News","Conference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.","LAMP, Cleveland, Ohio","Statement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.","Howard College, Birmingham, Alabama","Kentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky","South Carolina Bar","Town Hall, New York City","Country Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia","Pennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania","National Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York","ABA House of Delegates, New York, City","Annual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY","Jamestown Foundation","Federal Bar Association","Indiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana","State Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan","Column in \n ABA Journal ,\n volumes 50 - 51","State Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico","ABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia","Boston University","Excerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association","Oklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma","American Farm Bureau Federation","Texas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas","Association of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois","Dade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida","Maryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland","ABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana","Charter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.","Cleveland Bar Association","New York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n ABA Journal","San Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco","Los Angeles County Bar Association","Southeastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida","American College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi","University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n University of Florida\n Law Review published version is\n entitled, \n Respect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society","Dedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri","Joint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico","51 \n ABA Journal 437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.","Great Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.","National Conference on Law and Poverty","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia","State Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas","Virginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia","Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.","ABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.","ABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida","Canadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada","University of Richmond Law School","Union Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia","Yale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut","Commonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Harvard Club of Virginia","Virginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia","Virginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia","23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 205 (Fall 1966).","Richmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia","Virginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n Building Respect\n For Law and Order ) also in this\n file.","Key-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.","Founder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.","Lecture to firm of Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Crime Commission office memorandum.","National Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.","The Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.","Harvard Law School Class Reunion.","Tories (?) Club.","Conference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Review of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n ABA Journal , c.\n Nov. 1967.","Richmond Jaycees","Southern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n U.S. News \u0026 World\n Report , Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.","American Bar Association.","Phi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.","Published in the \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch .","For \n Dun's\n Review .","Three different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education . Printed version also in this\n file.","American Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.","Bank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.","Northside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia State Board of Education.","Richmond Kiwanis Club.","Chamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.","Virginia State Bar.","Candidate for Virginia Governor.","American Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.","Thomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Testimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.","Public meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.","American Bar Foundation Breakfast.","Key Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Confidential\n Memorandum.","As submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.","Southern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.","Prepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.","Remarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Convocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.","Richmond Chapter.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","United Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Published in June 28, 1971 \n \n Perspectives section of \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","Submitted informally to the Attorney\n General.","Confidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.","Notes for speech.","16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.","Civil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?","Powell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.","The subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.","World War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.","Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.","Finally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n Ultra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II . This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.","Though Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026 Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.","This subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.","These are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.","The subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.","American Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.","Among the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.","The campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026 Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.","Powell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.","Powell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.","Powell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.","Circuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026 Tenth.","Speeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.","Titled \n Questions\n of Comparative Negligence","Re Hunton \u0026 Williams Cocktail\n Party","American Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.","American College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.","National Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.","Richmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.","Virginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.","This series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.","Joint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.","Attorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.","President's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.","Based on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.","Powell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"","Selected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.","Blue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.","As in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).","Forms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.","Some letters included in this file.","Advisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.","Comprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.","Contains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.","Made up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.","This one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.","Anyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.","Like the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.","The titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.","There are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.","The \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.","Letters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC","Notes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC","Comments by Henry I. Willett.","Includes memoranda and course outlines.","Includes 1959 \n Spong Report","Consists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.","Four inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.","Realizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.","One folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.","One foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.","As President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"","As in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.","The subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.","On July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.","Includes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.","2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026 Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","The subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.","Series 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n 8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n 8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n 8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n 8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n 8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n 8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n 8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n 8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n ","Subseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.","The name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.","Series 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.","Subseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.","Subseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.","Subseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.","Series 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n 8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n 8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n 8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n 8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n 8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n 8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n 8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n 8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n ","The Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.","Powell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.","The subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.","Perhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.","Colonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.","The State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.","Lawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.","The subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.","The Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.","There is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026\n Williams client.","The subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.","Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"","Subseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.","The sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026 Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.","Series includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.","Powell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.","The correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.","The Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.","The remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.","The correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.","The memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.","The subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026 Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.","The printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.","Reference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.","This subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.","This subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1994.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1990.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1995.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1989.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1993.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1971.","Served during October Term 1988.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1991.","Served during October Term 1987.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n See also 10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.","Served during October Term 1992.","This subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.","The \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.","Most of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.","Covers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.","Subject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.","The \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n The Brethren .","This file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n Attack On American\n Free Enterprise memorandum.","The subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.","Printed materials are at the end of this\n file.","Concerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.","Humorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.","This subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026 Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.","A third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.","The \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.","There is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.","Though Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.","The mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.","Records of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.","For the contents of these boxes, see \n this spreadsheet at the Powell Archives website. \n ","The series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.","It is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.","The documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.","These are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.","These memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.","These files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.","This card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.","The series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.","The \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.","There are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Honoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.","San Francisco, California.","New York, New York.","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","El Paso, Texas","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia.","T.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.","Dedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.","University of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana","Lexington, Virginia","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Washington and Lee Law\n Review Volume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.","Northwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.","American Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.","Provo, Utah.","The Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.","Colonial Williamsburg.","Virginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","College of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Biography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.","Supreme Court Building, Washington, DC","Powell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.","Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia.","Houston, Texas.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Powell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Program during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.","Labor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Atlanta, Georgia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.","Lexington, Virginia.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","Utah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.","Chicago, Illinois.","Richmond, Virginia.","John Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.","F Street Club, Washington, DC.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Princeton, New Jersey.","Commemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.","Washington, D.C.","University of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Includes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.","Orison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Foreword to \n Hofstra Law\n Review .","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Boca Raton, Florida.","Powell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.","Includes papers re session","Richmond, Virginia.","Atlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.","Dallas, Texas.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Salzburg, Austria.","Memorandum prepared for unknown purpose.","Richmond, Virginia.","Memorandum.","Preface to \n Virginia Law\n Review issue dedicated to Paulsen.","New York, New York.","Portsmouth, Virginia.","University of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.","University of\n Pennsylvania Law Review Annual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.","Biloxi, Mississippi.","New Orleans, Louisiana.","Includes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.","Franklin, Virginia.","Tribute in \n Harvard Law\n Review .","New Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Spoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Eleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.","Harlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.","Lexington, Virginia","Published in \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review , Winter 1982.","Published in \n Texas Law\n Review August 1982.","Includes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Published in \n Baylor Law\n Review , Fall 1982.","Richmond, Virginia.","Published in \n Virginia Law\n Review , June 1983.","Eminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Greenville, South Carolina.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.","Tau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.","Canadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.","National Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.","Includes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond Bar Association.","United States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.","West Palm Beach, Florida.","Atlanta, Georgia.","American Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","American Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","University Club, Washington, D.C.","Arlington, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","University of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia","Alexandria, Virginia","Birmingham, Alabama.","Interview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n In Search of the\n Constitution , first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.","Used in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.","Trip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.","Did not make this trip.","Only Mrs. Powell made this trip.","Dinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.","The retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.","Statement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.","Correspondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.","The record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","In addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.","Retirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.","Correspondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.","A listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.","The General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","The correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","Some of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.","Following correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.","Includes membership lists and dinner\n menus.","This file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n Justice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr. .","Includes memo to file of October 14, 1987.","Sculpted by George M. Kelly.","Re the role of the Solicitor General for \n The New\n Yorker magazine.","Correspondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams is at the end of the\n file.","Topic discussed is Freeman's \n Justice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions in the Spring 1988 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review .","Re preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.","Includes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.","Social Security information for Powell\n maid.","Records primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n American\n Experience show about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.","Correspondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.","These transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.","File primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.","Written by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n Virginia Magazine of\n History and Biography","See also \n 11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr. concerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.","Powell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.","Habeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989 .","Powell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.","Includes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.","San Francisco, California","Washington, D.C.","See also \n 11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D. in subject files.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","James Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia","Student Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia","Conversation At\n Monticello , Charlottesville,\n Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Criminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.","Social Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.","Irving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.","University of Richmond School of Law.","Yale Political Union","Washington and Lee University School of\n Law.","Hunton \u0026 Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Kiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Article in \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","National Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Leslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","Loyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.","Drake University.","For WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.","The Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.","Interview with \n \n Time Magazine.","Re Powell's World War II Service.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","New York University Law School.","Published in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.","Honolulu, Hawaii.","Colonial Williamsburg.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","Williamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n Indiana Law\n Review .","Published in \n Stanford Law\n Review , Volume 44, Summer 1992.","Seton Hall Law\n Review dedication.","Harvard Law\n Review dedication.","Dickinson Law\n Review .","Working title of \n Handguns: A Call to\n Arms . Apparently unpublished.","Arlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.","Volume 50, Number 1.","Harvard Law\n Review , Volume 107, Number 1.","Table of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.","Justice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.","Includes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n Supreme Court -\n 1986 Term","Includes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.","National Press Club, Washington, D.C.","New York City","Anderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.","Fort Meade, Maryland","Silver Springs, Maryland","Hunt, Texas","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Jackson, Mississippi","Richmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.","Charlottesville, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Toronto, Canada","Toronto, Canada. Includes files on \n Capital\n Punishment speech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.","Toronto, Canada","Cour d'Arlene, Idaho","In honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Cambridge, Massachusetts","New Haven, Connecticut","Washington, D.C.","New York City","Hobe Sound, Florida","Boca Raton, Florida","Lexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n /The Supreme\n Court .","Williamsburg, Virginia","Salt Lake City, Utah","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Washington, D.C.","New Haven, Connecticut","Richmond, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Sratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Atlanta, Georgia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.","New York City. Includes speech, \n Stare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint, and drafts of\n speech.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Baltimore, Maryland","Norfolk, Virginia","Williamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia","Columbus, Ohio","Washington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.","Washington, D.C.","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","John Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.","New York University School of Law, New York\n City","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Hartford, Connecticut","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Did not make the trip.","Did not make trip.","Baltimore, Maryland","Did not make trip.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Charlottesville, Virginia","Grove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina","Williamsburg, Virginia","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Maui, Hawaii","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Potomac, Maryland","Lexington, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Brookville, New York","The Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Baltimore, Maryland","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hilton Head, South Carolina","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n Changes In the\n Practice of Law .","Baltimore, Maryland","Virginia Beach, Virginia","Washington, D.C. Includes speech, \n A Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments .","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Sratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Unprocessed.","Includes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.","Subjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.","Box 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. ","Includes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court","Includes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n Democrats for\n Eisenhower , 1952 \u0026 1956.","Clippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission","This series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n Powell Chambers\n Library as a title search.","Related to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.","Related to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.","Related to section 3.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.","Related to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.","Includes: \n Ring-tum\n Phi ,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026 November 10, 1971; \n W \u0026 L Law\n News , March 30, 1989; \n Southern School\n News , March 1956; \n Richmond\n Mercury , March 20, 1974; \n The Daily\n Record , May 26, 1941; \n Richmond\n News-Leader , November 21, 1956\n (part).","Writing by or about Powell.","Related to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.","Records and briefs.","Contents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.","Contents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n Squiggle ,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.","One plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.","Includes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.","Letter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.","369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.","Gown, two caps and hood.","Institutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.","875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.","Fine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n It's the Only\n Way by Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n Arguing the Parson's\n Cause by George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublished materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Published materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2781,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T15:09:42.701Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cchronlist\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eLEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1907\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1925\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eB.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026amp; Lee\n University\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1931\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eLL.B, Washington \u0026amp; Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1932\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eLL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026amp; Parker\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1935\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJoined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026amp; Moore\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1936\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMarried Josephine Pierce Rucker\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1938\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1938-1941\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eInstructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1940\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1941\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eElected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1942\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eVolunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1946\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eDischarged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1947\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJuly 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1947-1948\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eChairman, Richmond Charter Commission\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1948-1949\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, Richmond Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1948-1952\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSpecial Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1950\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJoined Richmond School Board\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1952\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1952-1961\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eChairman, Richmond School Board\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1954\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJune 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026amp; Powell\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1958\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1961-1969\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember of Virginia State Board of\n Education\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1962\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eRepresented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1964-1965\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, American Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1965-1966\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1965-1967\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1967-1968\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1969-1970\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1969-1971\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, American Bar Foundation\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eOct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1972\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1987\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJune 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1987-1996\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1996\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJuly 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1997\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1998\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eAugust 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003c/chronlist\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c06_c02"}},{"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11.8.1: Desk Calendars, \n \n 1987-1998","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c01","ref_ssm":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c01"],"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c01","ead_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_root_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_nest_parent_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08","parent_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08","parent_ssim":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998","11.8: Appointment\n Calendars"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998","11.8: Appointment\n Calendars"],"text":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998","11.8: Appointment\n Calendars","11.8.1: Desk Calendars, \n \n 1987-1998","Box-folder 821/1-38; 822/1-36; 823/1-30"],"title_filing_ssi":"Desk Calendars, \n \n 1987-1998","title_ssm":["11.8.1: Desk Calendars, \n \n 1987-1998"],"title_tesim":["11.8.1: Desk Calendars, \n \n 1987-1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11.8.1: Desk Calendars, \n \n 1987-1998"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"collection_ssim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2670,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder 821/1-38; 822/1-36; 823/1-30"],"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#7/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-20T15:09:42.701Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","ead_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_root_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_nest_parent_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/wl-law/vilxwl00013.xml","title_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"title_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001"],"text":["001","Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","The papers are\n 363 cu. ft. in extent.","By terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site.","The papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n 1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.2 Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n Series 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n 2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n Series 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n Series 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n Series 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n Series 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n 3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n Series 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n Series 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n Series 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n 4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026 Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n Series 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n Series 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n Series 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n 5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n Series 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n Series 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n Series 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n Series 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n Series 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n Series 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n Series 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n Series 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n Series 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n 6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n Series 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n Series 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n Series 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n Series 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n Series 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n Series 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n 7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n Series 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n Series 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n Series 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n Series 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n Series 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n Series 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n Series 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n Series 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n Series 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n Series 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n 8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n Series 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n Series 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n Series 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n 9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n Series 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n Series 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n 10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n Series 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n Series 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n Series 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n Series 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n 11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n Series 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n Series 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n Series 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n Series 11.5 Speeches \u0026 Writings, 1987-1995 \n Series 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n 12. Materials by Form \n Series 12.1 Photos \n Series 12.2 Audio \u0026 Video Recordings \n Series 12.3 Scrapbooks \n Series 12.4 Clippings \n Series 12.5 Printed Materials \n Series 12.6 Artifacts \n ","This correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the Powell Archives website\n ","Arranged alphabetically by topic.","Consists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.","The commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.","The Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Alphabetical by topic.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.","Alphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.","Arranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.","Arranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.","Arranged by topic.","By forms or materials.","Arranged by forms of materials.","LEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY 1907 Sept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia 1925 B.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026 Lee\n University 1931 LL.B, Washington \u0026 Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar 1932 LL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026 Parker 1935 Joined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore 1936 Married Josephine Pierce Rucker 1938 Jan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born 1938-1941 Instructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond 1940 Sept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born 1941 Elected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association 1942 Volunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces 1946 Discharged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams 1947 July 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born 1947-1948 Chairman, Richmond Charter Commission 1948-1949 President, Richmond Bar Association 1948-1952 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service 1950 Joined Richmond School Board 1952 Sept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born 1952-1961 Chairman, Richmond School Board 1954 June 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026 Powell 1958 Member of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union 1961-1969 Member of Virginia State Board of\n Education 1962 Represented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation 1964-1965 President, American Bar Association 1965-1966 Member, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor 1965-1967 Member, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice 1967-1968 Member, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission 1969-1970 Member, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers 1969-1971 President, American Bar Foundation 1971 Oct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate 1972 Jan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987 June 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987-1996 Sat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge 1996 July 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died 1997 Jan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed 1998 August 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died","The portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.","In 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026 L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026 L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.","Papers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026 L on March 4, 1992.","Powell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026 Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026 L law school when he had finished with them.","The papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026 L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026 L.","On December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.","The papers resided at W \u0026 L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.","In May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026 L and from\n his military service were included in this accession.","The Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026 Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.","The Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.","This is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This item is a copy.","This series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.","Subject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").","The \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.","Also part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n Richmond Times\n Dispatch and reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.","There are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. ","Family Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.","The subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives","The correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.","The subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"","In addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.","The name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.","Correspondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.","Correspondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.","This is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.","The Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.","Note: Permission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.","In addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.","The \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.","The \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.","Concerning the settlement of her\n estate.","These records are closed to researchers.","Records re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by William H. Moreland","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by William H. Moreland (?)","Written for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee","Taught by Felix Frankfurter.","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd","Includes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.","Speeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.","A frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)","One folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.","Talk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Virginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia","Indianapolis, Indiana","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Alexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia","AMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia","American Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia","WMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia","Welcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Broadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.","Re Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.","Released for use by the Richmond \n News Leader .","Radio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Radio address on WLEE.","Re Richmond, Virginia city government.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","West End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.","For broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.","The English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Community Chest, Richmond, Virginia.","Faculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Talk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Goochland Rotary Club.","Notes for speeches before civic clubs.","Delivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.","Richmond, Virginia.","Draft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...","Richmond, Virginia.","University of Virginia.","Joint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957","Draft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Richmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.","Richmond, Virginia.","South Road\n Rotary","Report to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file. , ","Arlington Virginia Bar Association","Speech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.","Speech to Naval\n Unit","Rotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)","Excerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.","Optimist Club, Richmond, Virginia","Notes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026 8/3 on\n WRNL.","Virginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.","Notes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.","Miami Beach, Florida","Richmond, Virginia","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia","Chesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia","Notes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.","Lexington, Virginia","Notes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.","Notes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Virginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Lecture to\n Associates. Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Investment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.","St. Stephen's Church.","Northside\n Teachers.","Richmond Public School System.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.","Vermont Bar Association","Lecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.","Southeastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.","Commemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.","Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.","New Mexico Bar.","Oklahoma Bar Association","Delaware Bar Association","Pamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.","Printed booklet format.\n ","Prepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska","Knoxville Bar Association","Federal Bar Association, Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Association","National Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.","Committee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism","Grace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia","Newcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia","Connecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut","Virginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia","Virginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia","To be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice","St. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia","Law School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina","Florida State Bar, Miami, Florida","Society of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia","Judiciary Committee of United States\n Senate","Mississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi","Federal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC","NACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota","ABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois","Given by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia","Kiwanis Club, Washington, DC","Allegheny County Bar Association","Press release. \n Substantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA .","Woman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Memo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.","Prepared for publication in \n Lawyers Title\n News","Conference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.","LAMP, Cleveland, Ohio","Statement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.","Howard College, Birmingham, Alabama","Kentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky","South Carolina Bar","Town Hall, New York City","Country Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia","Pennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania","National Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York","ABA House of Delegates, New York, City","Annual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY","Jamestown Foundation","Federal Bar Association","Indiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana","State Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan","Column in \n ABA Journal ,\n volumes 50 - 51","State Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico","ABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia","Boston University","Excerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association","Oklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma","American Farm Bureau Federation","Texas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas","Association of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois","Dade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida","Maryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland","ABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana","Charter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.","Cleveland Bar Association","New York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n ABA Journal","San Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco","Los Angeles County Bar Association","Southeastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida","American College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi","University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n University of Florida\n Law Review published version is\n entitled, \n Respect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society","Dedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri","Joint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico","51 \n ABA Journal 437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.","Great Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.","National Conference on Law and Poverty","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia","State Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas","Virginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia","Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.","ABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.","ABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida","Canadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada","University of Richmond Law School","Union Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia","Yale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut","Commonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Harvard Club of Virginia","Virginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia","Virginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia","23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 205 (Fall 1966).","Richmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia","Virginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n Building Respect\n For Law and Order ) also in this\n file.","Key-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.","Founder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.","Lecture to firm of Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Crime Commission office memorandum.","National Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.","The Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.","Harvard Law School Class Reunion.","Tories (?) Club.","Conference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Review of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n ABA Journal , c.\n Nov. 1967.","Richmond Jaycees","Southern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n U.S. News \u0026 World\n Report , Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.","American Bar Association.","Phi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.","Published in the \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch .","For \n Dun's\n Review .","Three different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education . Printed version also in this\n file.","American Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.","Bank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.","Northside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia State Board of Education.","Richmond Kiwanis Club.","Chamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.","Virginia State Bar.","Candidate for Virginia Governor.","American Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.","Thomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Testimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.","Public meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.","American Bar Foundation Breakfast.","Key Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Confidential\n Memorandum.","As submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.","Southern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.","Prepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.","Remarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Convocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.","Richmond Chapter.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","United Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Published in June 28, 1971 \n \n Perspectives section of \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","Submitted informally to the Attorney\n General.","Confidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.","Notes for speech.","16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.","Civil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?","Powell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.","The subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.","World War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.","Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.","Finally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n Ultra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II . This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.","Though Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026 Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.","This subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.","These are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.","The subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.","American Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.","Among the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.","The campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026 Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.","Powell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.","Powell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.","Powell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.","Circuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026 Tenth.","Speeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.","Titled \n Questions\n of Comparative Negligence","Re Hunton \u0026 Williams Cocktail\n Party","American Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.","American College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.","National Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.","Richmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.","Virginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.","This series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.","Joint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.","Attorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.","President's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.","Based on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.","Powell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"","Selected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.","Blue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.","As in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).","Forms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.","Some letters included in this file.","Advisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.","Comprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.","Contains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.","Made up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.","This one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.","Anyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.","Like the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.","The titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.","There are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.","The \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.","Letters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC","Notes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC","Comments by Henry I. Willett.","Includes memoranda and course outlines.","Includes 1959 \n Spong Report","Consists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.","Four inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.","Realizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.","One folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.","One foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.","As President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"","As in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.","The subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.","On July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.","Includes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.","2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026 Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","The subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.","Series 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n 8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n 8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n 8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n 8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n 8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n 8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n 8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n 8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n ","Subseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.","The name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.","Series 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.","Subseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.","Subseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.","Subseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.","Series 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n 8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n 8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n 8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n 8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n 8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n 8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n 8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n 8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n ","The Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.","Powell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.","The subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.","Perhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.","Colonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.","The State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.","Lawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.","The subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.","The Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.","There is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026\n Williams client.","The subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.","Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"","Subseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.","The sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026 Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.","Series includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.","Powell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.","The correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.","The Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.","The remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.","The correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.","The memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.","The subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026 Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.","The printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.","Reference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.","This subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.","This subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1994.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1990.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1995.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1989.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1993.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1971.","Served during October Term 1988.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1991.","Served during October Term 1987.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n See also 10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.","Served during October Term 1992.","This subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.","The \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.","Most of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.","Covers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.","Subject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.","The \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n The Brethren .","This file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n Attack On American\n Free Enterprise memorandum.","The subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.","Printed materials are at the end of this\n file.","Concerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.","Humorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.","This subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026 Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.","A third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.","The \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.","There is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.","Though Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.","The mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.","Records of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.","For the contents of these boxes, see \n this spreadsheet at the Powell Archives website. \n ","The series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.","It is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.","The documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.","These are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.","These memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.","These files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.","This card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.","The series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.","The \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.","There are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Honoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.","San Francisco, California.","New York, New York.","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","El Paso, Texas","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia.","T.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.","Dedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.","University of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana","Lexington, Virginia","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Washington and Lee Law\n Review Volume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.","Northwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.","American Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.","Provo, Utah.","The Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.","Colonial Williamsburg.","Virginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","College of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Biography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.","Supreme Court Building, Washington, DC","Powell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.","Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia.","Houston, Texas.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Powell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Program during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.","Labor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Atlanta, Georgia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.","Lexington, Virginia.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","Utah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.","Chicago, Illinois.","Richmond, Virginia.","John Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.","F Street Club, Washington, DC.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Princeton, New Jersey.","Commemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.","Washington, D.C.","University of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Includes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.","Orison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Foreword to \n Hofstra Law\n Review .","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Boca Raton, Florida.","Powell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.","Includes papers re session","Richmond, Virginia.","Atlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.","Dallas, Texas.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Salzburg, Austria.","Memorandum prepared for unknown purpose.","Richmond, Virginia.","Memorandum.","Preface to \n Virginia Law\n Review issue dedicated to Paulsen.","New York, New York.","Portsmouth, Virginia.","University of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.","University of\n Pennsylvania Law Review Annual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.","Biloxi, Mississippi.","New Orleans, Louisiana.","Includes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.","Franklin, Virginia.","Tribute in \n Harvard Law\n Review .","New Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Spoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Eleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.","Harlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.","Lexington, Virginia","Published in \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review , Winter 1982.","Published in \n Texas Law\n Review August 1982.","Includes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Published in \n Baylor Law\n Review , Fall 1982.","Richmond, Virginia.","Published in \n Virginia Law\n Review , June 1983.","Eminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Greenville, South Carolina.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.","Tau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.","Canadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.","National Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.","Includes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond Bar Association.","United States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.","West Palm Beach, Florida.","Atlanta, Georgia.","American Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","American Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","University Club, Washington, D.C.","Arlington, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","University of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia","Alexandria, Virginia","Birmingham, Alabama.","Interview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n In Search of the\n Constitution , first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.","Used in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.","Trip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.","Did not make this trip.","Only Mrs. Powell made this trip.","Dinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.","The retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.","Statement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.","Correspondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.","The record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","In addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.","Retirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.","Correspondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.","A listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.","The General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","The correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","Some of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.","Following correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.","Includes membership lists and dinner\n menus.","This file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n Justice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr. .","Includes memo to file of October 14, 1987.","Sculpted by George M. Kelly.","Re the role of the Solicitor General for \n The New\n Yorker magazine.","Correspondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams is at the end of the\n file.","Topic discussed is Freeman's \n Justice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions in the Spring 1988 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review .","Re preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.","Includes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.","Social Security information for Powell\n maid.","Records primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n American\n Experience show about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.","Correspondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.","These transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.","File primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.","Written by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n Virginia Magazine of\n History and Biography","See also \n 11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr. concerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.","Powell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.","Habeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989 .","Powell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.","Includes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.","San Francisco, California","Washington, D.C.","See also \n 11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D. in subject files.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","James Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia","Student Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia","Conversation At\n Monticello , Charlottesville,\n Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Criminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.","Social Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.","Irving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.","University of Richmond School of Law.","Yale Political Union","Washington and Lee University School of\n Law.","Hunton \u0026 Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Kiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Article in \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","National Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Leslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","Loyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.","Drake University.","For WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.","The Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.","Interview with \n \n Time Magazine.","Re Powell's World War II Service.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","New York University Law School.","Published in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.","Honolulu, Hawaii.","Colonial Williamsburg.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","Williamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n Indiana Law\n Review .","Published in \n Stanford Law\n Review , Volume 44, Summer 1992.","Seton Hall Law\n Review dedication.","Harvard Law\n Review dedication.","Dickinson Law\n Review .","Working title of \n Handguns: A Call to\n Arms . Apparently unpublished.","Arlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.","Volume 50, Number 1.","Harvard Law\n Review , Volume 107, Number 1.","Table of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.","Justice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.","Includes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n Supreme Court -\n 1986 Term","Includes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.","National Press Club, Washington, D.C.","New York City","Anderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.","Fort Meade, Maryland","Silver Springs, Maryland","Hunt, Texas","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Jackson, Mississippi","Richmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.","Charlottesville, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Toronto, Canada","Toronto, Canada. Includes files on \n Capital\n Punishment speech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.","Toronto, Canada","Cour d'Arlene, Idaho","In honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Cambridge, Massachusetts","New Haven, Connecticut","Washington, D.C.","New York City","Hobe Sound, Florida","Boca Raton, Florida","Lexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n /The Supreme\n Court .","Williamsburg, Virginia","Salt Lake City, Utah","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Washington, D.C.","New Haven, Connecticut","Richmond, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Sratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Atlanta, Georgia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.","New York City. Includes speech, \n Stare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint, and drafts of\n speech.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Baltimore, Maryland","Norfolk, Virginia","Williamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia","Columbus, Ohio","Washington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.","Washington, D.C.","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","John Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.","New York University School of Law, New York\n City","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Hartford, Connecticut","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Did not make the trip.","Did not make trip.","Baltimore, Maryland","Did not make trip.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Charlottesville, Virginia","Grove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina","Williamsburg, Virginia","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Maui, Hawaii","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Potomac, Maryland","Lexington, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Brookville, New York","The Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Baltimore, Maryland","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hilton Head, South Carolina","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n Changes In the\n Practice of Law .","Baltimore, Maryland","Virginia Beach, Virginia","Washington, D.C. Includes speech, \n A Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments .","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Sratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Unprocessed.","Includes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.","Subjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.","Box 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. ","Includes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court","Includes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n Democrats for\n Eisenhower , 1952 \u0026 1956.","Clippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission","This series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n Powell Chambers\n Library as a title search.","Related to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.","Related to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.","Related to section 3.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.","Related to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.","Includes: \n Ring-tum\n Phi ,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026 November 10, 1971; \n W \u0026 L Law\n News , March 30, 1989; \n Southern School\n News , March 1956; \n Richmond\n Mercury , March 20, 1974; \n The Daily\n Record , May 26, 1941; \n Richmond\n News-Leader , November 21, 1956\n (part).","Writing by or about Powell.","Related to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.","Records and briefs.","Contents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.","Contents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n Squiggle ,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.","One plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.","Includes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.","Letter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.","369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.","Gown, two caps and hood.","Institutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.","875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.","Fine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n It's the Only\n Way by Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n Arguing the Parson's\n Cause by George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage.","Published materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a","English"],"unitid_tesim":["001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"collection_ssim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"creator_ssm":["Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The papers are\n 363 cu. ft. in extent."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["By terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.2 Biographical \u0026amp; Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026amp; Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026amp; Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.5 Speeches \u0026amp; Writings, 1987-1995 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e12. Materials by Form \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.1 Photos \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.2 Audio \u0026amp; Video Recordings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.3 Scrapbooks \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.4 Clippings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.5 Printed Materials \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.6 Artifacts \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://https://www.%20law.wlu.edu/powell-archives/powell-papers%20/xlink\u0026#x201D;%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:href=https://wlu.box.com/s/81nuautroe8qu9wg0e53jnbtn7mp95pp%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:actuate=\u0026#x201C;onrequest\" show=\"new\"\u003ePowell Archives website\n \u003c/extref\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy forms or materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by forms of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n 1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.2 Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n Series 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n 2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n Series 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n Series 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n Series 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n Series 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n 3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n Series 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n Series 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n Series 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n 4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026 Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n Series 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n Series 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n Series 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n 5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n Series 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n Series 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n Series 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n Series 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n Series 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n Series 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n Series 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n Series 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n Series 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n 6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n Series 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n Series 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n Series 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n Series 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n Series 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n Series 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n 7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n Series 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n Series 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n Series 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n Series 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n Series 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n Series 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n Series 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n Series 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n Series 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n Series 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n 8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n Series 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n Series 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n Series 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n 9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n Series 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n Series 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n 10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n Series 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n Series 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n Series 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n Series 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n 11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n Series 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n Series 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n Series 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n Series 11.5 Speeches \u0026 Writings, 1987-1995 \n Series 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n 12. Materials by Form \n Series 12.1 Photos \n Series 12.2 Audio \u0026 Video Recordings \n Series 12.3 Scrapbooks \n Series 12.4 Clippings \n Series 12.5 Printed Materials \n Series 12.6 Artifacts \n ","This correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the Powell Archives website\n ","Arranged alphabetically by topic.","Consists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.","The commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.","The Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Alphabetical by topic.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.","Alphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.","Arranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.","Arranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.","Arranged by topic.","By forms or materials.","Arranged by forms of materials."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["LEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY 1907 Sept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia 1925 B.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026 Lee\n University 1931 LL.B, Washington \u0026 Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar 1932 LL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026 Parker 1935 Joined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore 1936 Married Josephine Pierce Rucker 1938 Jan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born 1938-1941 Instructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond 1940 Sept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born 1941 Elected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association 1942 Volunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces 1946 Discharged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams 1947 July 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born 1947-1948 Chairman, Richmond Charter Commission 1948-1949 President, Richmond Bar Association 1948-1952 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service 1950 Joined Richmond School Board 1952 Sept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born 1952-1961 Chairman, Richmond School Board 1954 June 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026 Powell 1958 Member of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union 1961-1969 Member of Virginia State Board of\n Education 1962 Represented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation 1964-1965 President, American Bar Association 1965-1966 Member, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor 1965-1967 Member, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice 1967-1968 Member, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission 1969-1970 Member, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers 1969-1971 President, American Bar Foundation 1971 Oct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate 1972 Jan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987 June 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987-1996 Sat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge 1996 July 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died 1997 Jan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed 1998 August 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026amp; L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026amp; L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026amp; L on March 4, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026amp; Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026amp; L law school when he had finished with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026amp; L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026amp; L.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers resided at W \u0026amp; L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026amp; L and from\n his military service were included in this accession.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.","In 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026 L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026 L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.","Papers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026 L on March 4, 1992.","Powell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026 Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026 L law school when he had finished with them.","The papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026 L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026 L.","On December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.","The papers resided at W \u0026 L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.","In May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026 L and from\n his military service were included in this accession."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLewis F. Powell Jr. Papers, 1921-1998, Ms 001, Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr. Archives, Washington and Lee University,\n Lexington, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers, 1921-1998, Ms 001, Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr. Archives, Washington and Lee University,\n Lexington, VA"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026amp; Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item is a copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times\n Dispatch\u003c/title\u003eand reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eNote:\u003c/title\u003ePermission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerning the settlement of her\n estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese records are closed to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by William H. Moreland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by William H. Moreland (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Felix Frankfurter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndianapolis, Indiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWelcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBroadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReleased for use by the Richmond \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNews Leader\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRadio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRadio address on WLEE.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Richmond, Virginia city government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJunior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommunity Chest, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFaculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoochland Rotary Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speeches before civic clubs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDraft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eJoint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDraft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSouth Road\n Rotary\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eReport to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file.\u003c/title\u003e, \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington Virginia Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSpeech to Naval\n Unit\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eExcerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOptimist Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eNotes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026amp; 8/3 on\n WRNL.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiami Beach, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJunior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eLecture to\n Associates.\u003c/title\u003eHunton \u0026amp; Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvestment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. Stephen's Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eNorthside\n Teachers.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Public School System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVermont Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoutheastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Mexico Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOklahoma Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelaware Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrinted booklet format.\n \u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKnoxville Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Association, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommittee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConnecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eTo be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaw School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlorida State Bar, Miami, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSociety of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJudiciary Committee of United States\n Senate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGiven by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKiwanis Club, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAllegheny County Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress release. \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSubstantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWoman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrepared for publication in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLawyers Title\n News\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLAMP, Cleveland, Ohio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHoward College, Birmingham, Alabama\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina Bar\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTown Hall, New York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCountry Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA House of Delegates, New York, City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJamestown Foundation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumn in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e,\n volumes 50 - 51\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eExcerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Farm Bureau Federation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTexas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssociation of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCleveland Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLos Angeles County Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoutheastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUniversity of Florida\n Law Review\u003c/title\u003epublished version is\n entitled, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eRespect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e51 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGreat Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference on Law and Poverty\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNinth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCanadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Richmond Law School\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnion Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvard Club of Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e23 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e205 (Fall 1966).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eBuilding Respect\n For Law and Order\u003c/title\u003e) also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKey-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFounder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLecture to firm of Hunton \u0026amp; Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime Commission office memorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvard Law School Class Reunion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTories (?) Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReview of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e, c.\n Nov. 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Jaycees\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eU.S. News \u0026amp; World\n Report\u003c/title\u003e, Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDun's\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eA Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education\u003c/title\u003e. Printed version also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorthside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Board of Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Kiwanis Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCandidate for Virginia Governor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTestimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublic meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Foundation Breakfast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKey Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eConfidential\n Memorandum.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAs submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConvocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Chapter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in June 28, 1971 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e\n Perspectives\u003c/title\u003esection of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubmitted informally to the Attorney\n General.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eCivil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorld War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistorical Studies \u0026amp; Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUltra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II\u003c/title\u003e. This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026amp; Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026amp; Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCircuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026amp; Tenth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitled \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eQuestions\n of Comparative Negligence\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Hunton \u0026amp; Williams Cocktail\n Party\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBased on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters included in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMade up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLike the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments by Henry I. Willett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes memoranda and course outlines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes 1959 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSpong Report\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRealizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026amp; Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026amp; Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026amp; Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026amp; Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026amp; Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams client.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026amp; Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1989.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSee also\u003c/emph\u003e10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Brethren\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAttack On American\n Free Enterprise\u003c/title\u003ememorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted materials are at the end of this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHumorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026amp; Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the contents of these boxes, see \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://https://www.wlu.app.box.com/s/ockkfso2qvvmoz5rwb4za8ozolt1ptan/xlink\u0026#x201D;%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:href=https://wlu.box.com/s/81nuautroe8qu9wg0e53jnbtn7mp95pp%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:actuate=\u0026#x201C;onrequest\" show=\"new\"\u003ethis spreadsheet\u003c/extref\u003e at the Powell Archives website. \n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026amp; 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco, California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEl Paso, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eT.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eVolume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorthwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProvo, Utah.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollege of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupreme Court Building, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouston, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUtah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChicago, Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eF Street Club, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinceton, New Jersey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForeword to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHofstra Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoca Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes papers re session\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDallas, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalzburg, Austria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemorandum prepared for unknown purpose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreface to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eissue dedicated to Paulsen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortsmouth, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUniversity of\n Pennsylvania Law Review\u003c/title\u003eAnnual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiloxi, Mississippi.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranklin, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTribute in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Winter 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTexas Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eAugust 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBaylor Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Fall 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, June 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGreenville, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCanadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Bar Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Palm Beach, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity Club, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBirmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIn Search of the\n Constitution\u003c/title\u003e, first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUsed in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make this trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnly Mrs. Powell made this trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRetirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes membership lists and dinner\n menus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eJustice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes memo to file of October 14, 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSculpted by George M. Kelly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe the role of the Solicitor General for \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe New\n Yorker\u003c/title\u003emagazine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams is at the end of the\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopic discussed is Freeman's \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eJustice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions\u003c/title\u003ein the Spring 1988 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSocial Security information for Powell\n maid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican\n Experience\u003c/title\u003eshow about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Magazine of\n History and Biography\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr.\u003c/title\u003econcerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eHabeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco, California\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D.\u003c/title\u003ein subject files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStudent Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eConversation At\n Monticello\u003c/title\u003e, Charlottesville,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSocial Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIrving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Richmond School of Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYale Political Union\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington and Lee University School of\n Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHunton \u0026amp; Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrake University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003e\n Time\u003c/title\u003eMagazine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Powell's World War II Service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican Bar Association\n Journal\u003c/title\u003eInterview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York University Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican Bar Association\n Journal\u003c/title\u003eInterview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIndiana Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStanford Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Volume 44, Summer 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSeton Hall Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003ededication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003ededication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDickinson Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorking title of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eHandguns: A Call to\n Arms\u003c/title\u003e. Apparently unpublished.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVolume 50, Number 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Volume 107, Number 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTable of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSupreme Court -\n 1986 Term\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Press Club, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Meade, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSilver Springs, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHunt, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarrisonburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJackson, Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarrisonburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada. Includes files on \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eCapital\n Punishment\u003c/title\u003espeech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCour d'Arlene, Idaho\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCambridge, Massachusetts\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Haven, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoca Raton, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e/The Supreme\n Court\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalt Lake City, Utah\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Haven, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City. Includes speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eStare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint,\u003c/title\u003eand drafts of\n speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrake University, Des Moines, Iowa\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorfolk, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumbus, Ohio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHollins, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York University School of Law, New York\n City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHartford, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make the trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaui, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePotomac, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHollins, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrookville, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHilton Head, South Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eChanges In the\n Practice of Law\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Beach, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C. Includes speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eA Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDemocrats for\n Eisenhower\u003c/title\u003e, 1952 \u0026amp; 1956.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePowell Chambers\n Library\u003c/title\u003eas a title search.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 3.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRing-tum\n Phi\u003c/title\u003e,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026amp; November 10, 1971; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eW \u0026amp; L Law\n News\u003c/title\u003e, March 30, 1989; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSouthern School\n News\u003c/title\u003e, March 1956; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Mercury\u003c/title\u003e, March 20, 1974; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Daily\n Record\u003c/title\u003e, May 26, 1941; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n News-Leader\u003c/title\u003e, November 21, 1956\n (part).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting by or about Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords and briefs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSquiggle\u003c/title\u003e,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGown, two caps and hood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstitutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eIt's the Only\n Way\u003c/title\u003eby Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eArguing the Parson's\n Cause\u003c/title\u003eby George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026 Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.","The Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.","This is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This item is a copy.","This series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.","Subject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").","The \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.","Also part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n Richmond Times\n Dispatch and reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.","There are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. ","Family Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.","The subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives","The correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.","The subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"","In addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.","The name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.","Correspondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.","Correspondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.","This is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.","The Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.","Note: Permission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.","In addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.","The \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.","The \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.","Concerning the settlement of her\n estate.","These records are closed to researchers.","Records re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by William H. Moreland","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by William H. Moreland (?)","Written for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee","Taught by Felix Frankfurter.","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd","Includes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.","Speeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.","A frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)","One folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.","Talk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Virginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia","Indianapolis, Indiana","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Alexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia","AMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia","American Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia","WMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia","Welcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Broadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.","Re Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.","Released for use by the Richmond \n News Leader .","Radio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Radio address on WLEE.","Re Richmond, Virginia city government.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","West End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.","For broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.","The English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Community Chest, Richmond, Virginia.","Faculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Talk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Goochland Rotary Club.","Notes for speeches before civic clubs.","Delivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.","Richmond, Virginia.","Draft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...","Richmond, Virginia.","University of Virginia.","Joint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957","Draft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Richmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.","Richmond, Virginia.","South Road\n Rotary","Report to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file. , ","Arlington Virginia Bar Association","Speech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.","Speech to Naval\n Unit","Rotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)","Excerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.","Optimist Club, Richmond, Virginia","Notes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026 8/3 on\n WRNL.","Virginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.","Notes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.","Miami Beach, Florida","Richmond, Virginia","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia","Chesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia","Notes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.","Lexington, Virginia","Notes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.","Notes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Virginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Lecture to\n Associates. Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Investment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.","St. Stephen's Church.","Northside\n Teachers.","Richmond Public School System.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.","Vermont Bar Association","Lecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.","Southeastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.","Commemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.","Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.","New Mexico Bar.","Oklahoma Bar Association","Delaware Bar Association","Pamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.","Printed booklet format.\n ","Prepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska","Knoxville Bar Association","Federal Bar Association, Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Association","National Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.","Committee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism","Grace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia","Newcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia","Connecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut","Virginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia","Virginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia","To be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice","St. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia","Law School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina","Florida State Bar, Miami, Florida","Society of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia","Judiciary Committee of United States\n Senate","Mississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi","Federal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC","NACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota","ABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois","Given by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia","Kiwanis Club, Washington, DC","Allegheny County Bar Association","Press release. \n Substantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA .","Woman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Memo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.","Prepared for publication in \n Lawyers Title\n News","Conference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.","LAMP, Cleveland, Ohio","Statement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.","Howard College, Birmingham, Alabama","Kentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky","South Carolina Bar","Town Hall, New York City","Country Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia","Pennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania","National Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York","ABA House of Delegates, New York, City","Annual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY","Jamestown Foundation","Federal Bar Association","Indiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana","State Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan","Column in \n ABA Journal ,\n volumes 50 - 51","State Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico","ABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia","Boston University","Excerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association","Oklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma","American Farm Bureau Federation","Texas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas","Association of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois","Dade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida","Maryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland","ABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana","Charter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.","Cleveland Bar Association","New York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n ABA Journal","San Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco","Los Angeles County Bar Association","Southeastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida","American College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi","University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n University of Florida\n Law Review published version is\n entitled, \n Respect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society","Dedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri","Joint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico","51 \n ABA Journal 437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.","Great Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.","National Conference on Law and Poverty","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia","State Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas","Virginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia","Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.","ABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.","ABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida","Canadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada","University of Richmond Law School","Union Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia","Yale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut","Commonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Harvard Club of Virginia","Virginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia","Virginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia","23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 205 (Fall 1966).","Richmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia","Virginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n Building Respect\n For Law and Order ) also in this\n file.","Key-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.","Founder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.","Lecture to firm of Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Crime Commission office memorandum.","National Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.","The Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.","Harvard Law School Class Reunion.","Tories (?) Club.","Conference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Review of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n ABA Journal , c.\n Nov. 1967.","Richmond Jaycees","Southern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n U.S. News \u0026 World\n Report , Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.","American Bar Association.","Phi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.","Published in the \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch .","For \n Dun's\n Review .","Three different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education . Printed version also in this\n file.","American Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.","Bank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.","Northside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia State Board of Education.","Richmond Kiwanis Club.","Chamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.","Virginia State Bar.","Candidate for Virginia Governor.","American Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.","Thomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Testimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.","Public meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.","American Bar Foundation Breakfast.","Key Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Confidential\n Memorandum.","As submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.","Southern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.","Prepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.","Remarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Convocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.","Richmond Chapter.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","United Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Published in June 28, 1971 \n \n Perspectives section of \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","Submitted informally to the Attorney\n General.","Confidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.","Notes for speech.","16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.","Civil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?","Powell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.","The subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.","World War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.","Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.","Finally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n Ultra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II . This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.","Though Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026 Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.","This subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.","These are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.","The subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.","American Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.","Among the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.","The campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026 Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.","Powell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.","Powell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.","Powell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.","Circuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026 Tenth.","Speeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.","Titled \n Questions\n of Comparative Negligence","Re Hunton \u0026 Williams Cocktail\n Party","American Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.","American College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.","National Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.","Richmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.","Virginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.","This series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.","Joint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.","Attorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.","President's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.","Based on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.","Powell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"","Selected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.","Blue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.","As in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).","Forms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.","Some letters included in this file.","Advisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.","Comprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.","Contains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.","Made up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.","This one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.","Anyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.","Like the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.","The titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.","There are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.","The \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.","Letters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC","Notes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC","Comments by Henry I. Willett.","Includes memoranda and course outlines.","Includes 1959 \n Spong Report","Consists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.","Four inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.","Realizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.","One folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.","One foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.","As President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"","As in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.","The subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.","On July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.","Includes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.","2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026 Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","The subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.","Series 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n 8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n 8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n 8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n 8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n 8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n 8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n 8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n 8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n ","Subseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.","The name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.","Series 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.","Subseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.","Subseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.","Subseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.","Series 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n 8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n 8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n 8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n 8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n 8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n 8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n 8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n 8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n ","The Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.","Powell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.","The subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.","Perhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.","Colonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.","The State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.","Lawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.","The subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.","The Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.","There is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026\n Williams client.","The subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.","Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"","Subseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.","The sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026 Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.","Series includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.","Powell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.","The correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.","The Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.","The remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.","The correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.","The memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.","The subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026 Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.","The printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.","Reference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.","This subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.","This subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1994.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1990.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1995.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1989.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1993.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1971.","Served during October Term 1988.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1991.","Served during October Term 1987.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n See also 10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.","Served during October Term 1992.","This subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.","The \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.","Most of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.","Covers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.","Subject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.","The \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n The Brethren .","This file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n Attack On American\n Free Enterprise memorandum.","The subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.","Printed materials are at the end of this\n file.","Concerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.","Humorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.","This subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026 Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.","A third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.","The \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.","There is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.","Though Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.","The mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.","Records of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.","For the contents of these boxes, see \n this spreadsheet at the Powell Archives website. \n ","The series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.","It is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.","The documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.","These are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.","These memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.","These files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.","This card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.","The series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.","The \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.","There are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Honoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.","San Francisco, California.","New York, New York.","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","El Paso, Texas","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia.","T.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.","Dedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.","University of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana","Lexington, Virginia","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Washington and Lee Law\n Review Volume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.","Northwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.","American Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.","Provo, Utah.","The Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.","Colonial Williamsburg.","Virginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","College of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Biography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.","Supreme Court Building, Washington, DC","Powell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.","Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia.","Houston, Texas.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Powell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Program during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.","Labor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Atlanta, Georgia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.","Lexington, Virginia.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","Utah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.","Chicago, Illinois.","Richmond, Virginia.","John Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.","F Street Club, Washington, DC.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Princeton, New Jersey.","Commemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.","Washington, D.C.","University of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Includes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.","Orison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Foreword to \n Hofstra Law\n Review .","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Boca Raton, Florida.","Powell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.","Includes papers re session","Richmond, Virginia.","Atlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.","Dallas, Texas.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Salzburg, Austria.","Memorandum prepared for unknown purpose.","Richmond, Virginia.","Memorandum.","Preface to \n Virginia Law\n Review issue dedicated to Paulsen.","New York, New York.","Portsmouth, Virginia.","University of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.","University of\n Pennsylvania Law Review Annual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.","Biloxi, Mississippi.","New Orleans, Louisiana.","Includes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.","Franklin, Virginia.","Tribute in \n Harvard Law\n Review .","New Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Spoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Eleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.","Harlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.","Lexington, Virginia","Published in \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review , Winter 1982.","Published in \n Texas Law\n Review August 1982.","Includes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Published in \n Baylor Law\n Review , Fall 1982.","Richmond, Virginia.","Published in \n Virginia Law\n Review , June 1983.","Eminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Greenville, South Carolina.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.","Tau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.","Canadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.","National Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.","Includes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond Bar Association.","United States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.","West Palm Beach, Florida.","Atlanta, Georgia.","American Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","American Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","University Club, Washington, D.C.","Arlington, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","University of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia","Alexandria, Virginia","Birmingham, Alabama.","Interview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n In Search of the\n Constitution , first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.","Used in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.","Trip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.","Did not make this trip.","Only Mrs. Powell made this trip.","Dinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.","The retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.","Statement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.","Correspondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.","The record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","In addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.","Retirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.","Correspondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.","A listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.","The General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","The correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","Some of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.","Following correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.","Includes membership lists and dinner\n menus.","This file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n Justice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr. .","Includes memo to file of October 14, 1987.","Sculpted by George M. Kelly.","Re the role of the Solicitor General for \n The New\n Yorker magazine.","Correspondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams is at the end of the\n file.","Topic discussed is Freeman's \n Justice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions in the Spring 1988 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review .","Re preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.","Includes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.","Social Security information for Powell\n maid.","Records primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n American\n Experience show about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.","Correspondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.","These transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.","File primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.","Written by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n Virginia Magazine of\n History and Biography","See also \n 11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr. concerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.","Powell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.","Habeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989 .","Powell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.","Includes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.","San Francisco, California","Washington, D.C.","See also \n 11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D. in subject files.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","James Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia","Student Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia","Conversation At\n Monticello , Charlottesville,\n Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Criminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.","Social Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.","Irving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.","University of Richmond School of Law.","Yale Political Union","Washington and Lee University School of\n Law.","Hunton \u0026 Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Kiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Article in \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","National Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Leslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","Loyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.","Drake University.","For WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.","The Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.","Interview with \n \n Time Magazine.","Re Powell's World War II Service.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","New York University Law School.","Published in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.","Honolulu, Hawaii.","Colonial Williamsburg.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","Williamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n Indiana Law\n Review .","Published in \n Stanford Law\n Review , Volume 44, Summer 1992.","Seton Hall Law\n Review dedication.","Harvard Law\n Review dedication.","Dickinson Law\n Review .","Working title of \n Handguns: A Call to\n Arms . Apparently unpublished.","Arlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.","Volume 50, Number 1.","Harvard Law\n Review , Volume 107, Number 1.","Table of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.","Justice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.","Includes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n Supreme Court -\n 1986 Term","Includes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.","National Press Club, Washington, D.C.","New York City","Anderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.","Fort Meade, Maryland","Silver Springs, Maryland","Hunt, Texas","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Jackson, Mississippi","Richmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.","Charlottesville, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Toronto, Canada","Toronto, Canada. Includes files on \n Capital\n Punishment speech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.","Toronto, Canada","Cour d'Arlene, Idaho","In honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Cambridge, Massachusetts","New Haven, Connecticut","Washington, D.C.","New York City","Hobe Sound, Florida","Boca Raton, Florida","Lexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n /The Supreme\n Court .","Williamsburg, Virginia","Salt Lake City, Utah","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Washington, D.C.","New Haven, Connecticut","Richmond, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Sratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Atlanta, Georgia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.","New York City. Includes speech, \n Stare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint, and drafts of\n speech.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Baltimore, Maryland","Norfolk, Virginia","Williamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia","Columbus, Ohio","Washington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.","Washington, D.C.","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","John Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.","New York University School of Law, New York\n City","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Hartford, Connecticut","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Did not make the trip.","Did not make trip.","Baltimore, Maryland","Did not make trip.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Charlottesville, Virginia","Grove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina","Williamsburg, Virginia","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Maui, Hawaii","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Potomac, Maryland","Lexington, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Brookville, New York","The Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Baltimore, Maryland","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hilton Head, South Carolina","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n Changes In the\n Practice of Law .","Baltimore, Maryland","Virginia Beach, Virginia","Washington, D.C. Includes speech, \n A Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments .","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Sratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Unprocessed.","Includes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.","Subjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.","Box 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. ","Includes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court","Includes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n Democrats for\n Eisenhower , 1952 \u0026 1956.","Clippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission","This series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n Powell Chambers\n Library as a title search.","Related to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.","Related to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.","Related to section 3.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.","Related to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.","Includes: \n Ring-tum\n Phi ,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026 November 10, 1971; \n W \u0026 L Law\n News , March 30, 1989; \n Southern School\n News , March 1956; \n Richmond\n Mercury , March 20, 1974; \n The Daily\n Record , May 26, 1941; \n Richmond\n News-Leader , November 21, 1956\n (part).","Writing by or about Powell.","Related to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.","Records and briefs.","Contents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.","Contents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n Squiggle ,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.","One plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.","Includes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.","Letter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.","369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.","Gown, two caps and hood.","Institutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.","875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.","Fine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n It's the Only\n Way by Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n Arguing the Parson's\n Cause by George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublished materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Published materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2781,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T15:09:42.701Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cchronlist\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eLEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1907\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1925\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eB.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026amp; Lee\n University\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1931\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eLL.B, Washington \u0026amp; Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1932\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eLL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026amp; Parker\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1935\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJoined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026amp; Moore\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1936\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMarried Josephine Pierce Rucker\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1938\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1938-1941\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eInstructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1940\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1941\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eElected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1942\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eVolunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1946\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eDischarged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1947\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJuly 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1947-1948\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eChairman, Richmond Charter Commission\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1948-1949\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, Richmond Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1948-1952\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSpecial Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1950\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJoined Richmond School Board\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1952\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1952-1961\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eChairman, Richmond School Board\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1954\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJune 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026amp; Powell\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1958\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1961-1969\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember of Virginia State Board of\n Education\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1962\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eRepresented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1964-1965\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, American Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1965-1966\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1965-1967\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1967-1968\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1969-1970\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1969-1971\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, American Bar Foundation\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eOct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1972\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1987\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJune 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1987-1996\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1996\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJuly 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1997\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1998\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eAugust 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003c/chronlist\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c01"}},{"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c02","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11.8.2: Pocket Calendars, \n 1995, 1997","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c02","ref_ssm":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c02"],"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c02","ead_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_root_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_nest_parent_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08","parent_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08","parent_ssim":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998","11.8: Appointment\n Calendars"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998","11.8: Appointment\n Calendars"],"text":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998","11.8: Appointment\n Calendars","11.8.2: Pocket Calendars, \n 1995, 1997","Box-folder 823/31"],"title_filing_ssi":"Pocket Calendars, \n 1995, 1997","title_ssm":["11.8.2: Pocket Calendars, \n 1995, 1997"],"title_tesim":["11.8.2: Pocket Calendars, \n 1995, 1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11.8.2: Pocket Calendars, \n 1995, 1997"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"collection_ssim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2671,"containers_ssim":["Box-folder 823/31"],"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#7/components#1","timestamp":"2026-05-20T15:09:42.701Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","ead_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_root_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_nest_parent_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/wl-law/vilxwl00013.xml","title_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"title_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001"],"text":["001","Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","The papers are\n 363 cu. ft. in extent.","By terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site.","The papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n 1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.2 Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n Series 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n 2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n Series 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n Series 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n Series 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n Series 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n 3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n Series 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n Series 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n Series 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n 4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026 Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n Series 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n Series 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n Series 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n 5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n Series 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n Series 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n Series 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n Series 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n Series 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n Series 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n Series 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n Series 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n Series 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n 6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n Series 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n Series 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n Series 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n Series 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n Series 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n Series 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n 7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n Series 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n Series 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n Series 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n Series 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n Series 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n Series 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n Series 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n Series 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n Series 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n Series 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n 8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n Series 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n Series 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n Series 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n 9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n Series 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n Series 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n 10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n Series 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n Series 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n Series 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n Series 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n 11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n Series 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n Series 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n Series 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n Series 11.5 Speeches \u0026 Writings, 1987-1995 \n Series 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n 12. Materials by Form \n Series 12.1 Photos \n Series 12.2 Audio \u0026 Video Recordings \n Series 12.3 Scrapbooks \n Series 12.4 Clippings \n Series 12.5 Printed Materials \n Series 12.6 Artifacts \n ","This correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the Powell Archives website\n ","Arranged alphabetically by topic.","Consists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.","The commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.","The Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Alphabetical by topic.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.","Alphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.","Arranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.","Arranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.","Arranged by topic.","By forms or materials.","Arranged by forms of materials.","LEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY 1907 Sept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia 1925 B.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026 Lee\n University 1931 LL.B, Washington \u0026 Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar 1932 LL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026 Parker 1935 Joined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore 1936 Married Josephine Pierce Rucker 1938 Jan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born 1938-1941 Instructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond 1940 Sept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born 1941 Elected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association 1942 Volunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces 1946 Discharged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams 1947 July 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born 1947-1948 Chairman, Richmond Charter Commission 1948-1949 President, Richmond Bar Association 1948-1952 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service 1950 Joined Richmond School Board 1952 Sept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born 1952-1961 Chairman, Richmond School Board 1954 June 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026 Powell 1958 Member of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union 1961-1969 Member of Virginia State Board of\n Education 1962 Represented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation 1964-1965 President, American Bar Association 1965-1966 Member, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor 1965-1967 Member, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice 1967-1968 Member, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission 1969-1970 Member, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers 1969-1971 President, American Bar Foundation 1971 Oct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate 1972 Jan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987 June 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987-1996 Sat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge 1996 July 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died 1997 Jan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed 1998 August 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died","The portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.","In 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026 L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026 L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.","Papers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026 L on March 4, 1992.","Powell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026 Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026 L law school when he had finished with them.","The papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026 L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026 L.","On December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.","The papers resided at W \u0026 L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.","In May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026 L and from\n his military service were included in this accession.","The Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026 Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.","The Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.","This is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This item is a copy.","This series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.","Subject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").","The \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.","Also part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n Richmond Times\n Dispatch and reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.","There are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. ","Family Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.","The subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives","The correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.","The subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"","In addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.","The name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.","Correspondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.","Correspondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.","This is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.","The Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.","Note: Permission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.","In addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.","The \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.","The \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.","Concerning the settlement of her\n estate.","These records are closed to researchers.","Records re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by William H. Moreland","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by William H. Moreland (?)","Written for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee","Taught by Felix Frankfurter.","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd","Includes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.","Speeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.","A frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)","One folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.","Talk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Virginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia","Indianapolis, Indiana","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Alexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia","AMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia","American Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia","WMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia","Welcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Broadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.","Re Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.","Released for use by the Richmond \n News Leader .","Radio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Radio address on WLEE.","Re Richmond, Virginia city government.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","West End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.","For broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.","The English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Community Chest, Richmond, Virginia.","Faculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Talk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Goochland Rotary Club.","Notes for speeches before civic clubs.","Delivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.","Richmond, Virginia.","Draft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...","Richmond, Virginia.","University of Virginia.","Joint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957","Draft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Richmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.","Richmond, Virginia.","South Road\n Rotary","Report to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file. , ","Arlington Virginia Bar Association","Speech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.","Speech to Naval\n Unit","Rotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)","Excerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.","Optimist Club, Richmond, Virginia","Notes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026 8/3 on\n WRNL.","Virginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.","Notes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.","Miami Beach, Florida","Richmond, Virginia","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia","Chesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia","Notes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.","Lexington, Virginia","Notes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.","Notes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Virginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Lecture to\n Associates. Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Investment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.","St. Stephen's Church.","Northside\n Teachers.","Richmond Public School System.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.","Vermont Bar Association","Lecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.","Southeastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.","Commemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.","Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.","New Mexico Bar.","Oklahoma Bar Association","Delaware Bar Association","Pamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.","Printed booklet format.\n ","Prepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska","Knoxville Bar Association","Federal Bar Association, Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Association","National Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.","Committee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism","Grace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia","Newcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia","Connecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut","Virginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia","Virginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia","To be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice","St. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia","Law School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina","Florida State Bar, Miami, Florida","Society of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia","Judiciary Committee of United States\n Senate","Mississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi","Federal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC","NACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota","ABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois","Given by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia","Kiwanis Club, Washington, DC","Allegheny County Bar Association","Press release. \n Substantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA .","Woman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Memo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.","Prepared for publication in \n Lawyers Title\n News","Conference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.","LAMP, Cleveland, Ohio","Statement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.","Howard College, Birmingham, Alabama","Kentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky","South Carolina Bar","Town Hall, New York City","Country Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia","Pennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania","National Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York","ABA House of Delegates, New York, City","Annual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY","Jamestown Foundation","Federal Bar Association","Indiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana","State Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan","Column in \n ABA Journal ,\n volumes 50 - 51","State Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico","ABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia","Boston University","Excerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association","Oklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma","American Farm Bureau Federation","Texas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas","Association of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois","Dade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida","Maryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland","ABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana","Charter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.","Cleveland Bar Association","New York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n ABA Journal","San Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco","Los Angeles County Bar Association","Southeastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida","American College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi","University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n University of Florida\n Law Review published version is\n entitled, \n Respect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society","Dedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri","Joint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico","51 \n ABA Journal 437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.","Great Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.","National Conference on Law and Poverty","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia","State Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas","Virginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia","Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.","ABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.","ABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida","Canadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada","University of Richmond Law School","Union Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia","Yale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut","Commonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Harvard Club of Virginia","Virginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia","Virginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia","23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 205 (Fall 1966).","Richmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia","Virginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n Building Respect\n For Law and Order ) also in this\n file.","Key-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.","Founder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.","Lecture to firm of Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Crime Commission office memorandum.","National Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.","The Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.","Harvard Law School Class Reunion.","Tories (?) Club.","Conference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Review of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n ABA Journal , c.\n Nov. 1967.","Richmond Jaycees","Southern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n U.S. News \u0026 World\n Report , Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.","American Bar Association.","Phi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.","Published in the \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch .","For \n Dun's\n Review .","Three different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education . Printed version also in this\n file.","American Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.","Bank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.","Northside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia State Board of Education.","Richmond Kiwanis Club.","Chamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.","Virginia State Bar.","Candidate for Virginia Governor.","American Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.","Thomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Testimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.","Public meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.","American Bar Foundation Breakfast.","Key Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Confidential\n Memorandum.","As submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.","Southern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.","Prepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.","Remarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Convocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.","Richmond Chapter.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","United Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Published in June 28, 1971 \n \n Perspectives section of \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","Submitted informally to the Attorney\n General.","Confidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.","Notes for speech.","16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.","Civil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?","Powell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.","The subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.","World War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.","Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.","Finally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n Ultra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II . This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.","Though Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026 Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.","This subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.","These are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.","The subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.","American Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.","Among the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.","The campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026 Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.","Powell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.","Powell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.","Powell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.","Circuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026 Tenth.","Speeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.","Titled \n Questions\n of Comparative Negligence","Re Hunton \u0026 Williams Cocktail\n Party","American Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.","American College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.","National Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.","Richmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.","Virginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.","This series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.","Joint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.","Attorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.","President's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.","Based on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.","Powell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"","Selected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.","Blue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.","As in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).","Forms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.","Some letters included in this file.","Advisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.","Comprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.","Contains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.","Made up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.","This one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.","Anyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.","Like the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.","The titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.","There are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.","The \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.","Letters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC","Notes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC","Comments by Henry I. Willett.","Includes memoranda and course outlines.","Includes 1959 \n Spong Report","Consists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.","Four inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.","Realizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.","One folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.","One foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.","As President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"","As in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.","The subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.","On July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.","Includes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.","2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026 Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","The subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.","Series 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n 8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n 8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n 8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n 8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n 8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n 8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n 8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n 8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n ","Subseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.","The name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.","Series 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.","Subseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.","Subseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.","Subseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.","Series 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n 8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n 8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n 8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n 8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n 8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n 8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n 8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n 8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n ","The Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.","Powell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.","The subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.","Perhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.","Colonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.","The State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.","Lawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.","The subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.","The Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.","There is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026\n Williams client.","The subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.","Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"","Subseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.","The sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026 Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.","Series includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.","Powell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.","The correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.","The Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.","The remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.","The correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.","The memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.","The subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026 Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.","The printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.","Reference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.","This subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.","This subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1994.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1990.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1995.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1989.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1993.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1971.","Served during October Term 1988.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1991.","Served during October Term 1987.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n See also 10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.","Served during October Term 1992.","This subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.","The \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.","Most of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.","Covers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.","Subject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.","The \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n The Brethren .","This file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n Attack On American\n Free Enterprise memorandum.","The subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.","Printed materials are at the end of this\n file.","Concerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.","Humorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.","This subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026 Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.","A third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.","The \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.","There is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.","Though Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.","The mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.","Records of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.","For the contents of these boxes, see \n this spreadsheet at the Powell Archives website. \n ","The series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.","It is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.","The documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.","These are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.","These memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.","These files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.","This card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.","The series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.","The \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.","There are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Honoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.","San Francisco, California.","New York, New York.","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","El Paso, Texas","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia.","T.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.","Dedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.","University of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana","Lexington, Virginia","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Washington and Lee Law\n Review Volume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.","Northwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.","American Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.","Provo, Utah.","The Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.","Colonial Williamsburg.","Virginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","College of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Biography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.","Supreme Court Building, Washington, DC","Powell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.","Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia.","Houston, Texas.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Powell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Program during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.","Labor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Atlanta, Georgia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.","Lexington, Virginia.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","Utah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.","Chicago, Illinois.","Richmond, Virginia.","John Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.","F Street Club, Washington, DC.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Princeton, New Jersey.","Commemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.","Washington, D.C.","University of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Includes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.","Orison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Foreword to \n Hofstra Law\n Review .","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Boca Raton, Florida.","Powell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.","Includes papers re session","Richmond, Virginia.","Atlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.","Dallas, Texas.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Salzburg, Austria.","Memorandum prepared for unknown purpose.","Richmond, Virginia.","Memorandum.","Preface to \n Virginia Law\n Review issue dedicated to Paulsen.","New York, New York.","Portsmouth, Virginia.","University of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.","University of\n Pennsylvania Law Review Annual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.","Biloxi, Mississippi.","New Orleans, Louisiana.","Includes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.","Franklin, Virginia.","Tribute in \n Harvard Law\n Review .","New Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Spoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Eleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.","Harlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.","Lexington, Virginia","Published in \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review , Winter 1982.","Published in \n Texas Law\n Review August 1982.","Includes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Published in \n Baylor Law\n Review , Fall 1982.","Richmond, Virginia.","Published in \n Virginia Law\n Review , June 1983.","Eminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Greenville, South Carolina.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.","Tau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.","Canadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.","National Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.","Includes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond Bar Association.","United States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.","West Palm Beach, Florida.","Atlanta, Georgia.","American Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","American Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","University Club, Washington, D.C.","Arlington, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","University of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia","Alexandria, Virginia","Birmingham, Alabama.","Interview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n In Search of the\n Constitution , first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.","Used in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.","Trip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.","Did not make this trip.","Only Mrs. Powell made this trip.","Dinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.","The retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.","Statement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.","Correspondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.","The record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","In addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.","Retirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.","Correspondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.","A listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.","The General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","The correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","Some of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.","Following correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.","Includes membership lists and dinner\n menus.","This file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n Justice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr. .","Includes memo to file of October 14, 1987.","Sculpted by George M. Kelly.","Re the role of the Solicitor General for \n The New\n Yorker magazine.","Correspondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams is at the end of the\n file.","Topic discussed is Freeman's \n Justice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions in the Spring 1988 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review .","Re preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.","Includes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.","Social Security information for Powell\n maid.","Records primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n American\n Experience show about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.","Correspondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.","These transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.","File primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.","Written by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n Virginia Magazine of\n History and Biography","See also \n 11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr. concerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.","Powell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.","Habeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989 .","Powell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.","Includes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.","San Francisco, California","Washington, D.C.","See also \n 11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D. in subject files.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","James Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia","Student Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia","Conversation At\n Monticello , Charlottesville,\n Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Criminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.","Social Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.","Irving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.","University of Richmond School of Law.","Yale Political Union","Washington and Lee University School of\n Law.","Hunton \u0026 Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Kiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Article in \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","National Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Leslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","Loyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.","Drake University.","For WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.","The Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.","Interview with \n \n Time Magazine.","Re Powell's World War II Service.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","New York University Law School.","Published in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.","Honolulu, Hawaii.","Colonial Williamsburg.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","Williamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n Indiana Law\n Review .","Published in \n Stanford Law\n Review , Volume 44, Summer 1992.","Seton Hall Law\n Review dedication.","Harvard Law\n Review dedication.","Dickinson Law\n Review .","Working title of \n Handguns: A Call to\n Arms . Apparently unpublished.","Arlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.","Volume 50, Number 1.","Harvard Law\n Review , Volume 107, Number 1.","Table of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.","Justice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.","Includes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n Supreme Court -\n 1986 Term","Includes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.","National Press Club, Washington, D.C.","New York City","Anderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.","Fort Meade, Maryland","Silver Springs, Maryland","Hunt, Texas","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Jackson, Mississippi","Richmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.","Charlottesville, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Toronto, Canada","Toronto, Canada. Includes files on \n Capital\n Punishment speech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.","Toronto, Canada","Cour d'Arlene, Idaho","In honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Cambridge, Massachusetts","New Haven, Connecticut","Washington, D.C.","New York City","Hobe Sound, Florida","Boca Raton, Florida","Lexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n /The Supreme\n Court .","Williamsburg, Virginia","Salt Lake City, Utah","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Washington, D.C.","New Haven, Connecticut","Richmond, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Sratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Atlanta, Georgia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.","New York City. Includes speech, \n Stare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint, and drafts of\n speech.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Baltimore, Maryland","Norfolk, Virginia","Williamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia","Columbus, Ohio","Washington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.","Washington, D.C.","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","John Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.","New York University School of Law, New York\n City","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Hartford, Connecticut","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Did not make the trip.","Did not make trip.","Baltimore, Maryland","Did not make trip.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Charlottesville, Virginia","Grove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina","Williamsburg, Virginia","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Maui, Hawaii","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Potomac, Maryland","Lexington, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Brookville, New York","The Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Baltimore, Maryland","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hilton Head, South Carolina","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n Changes In the\n Practice of Law .","Baltimore, Maryland","Virginia Beach, Virginia","Washington, D.C. Includes speech, \n A Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments .","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Sratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Unprocessed.","Includes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.","Subjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.","Box 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. ","Includes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court","Includes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n Democrats for\n Eisenhower , 1952 \u0026 1956.","Clippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission","This series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n Powell Chambers\n Library as a title search.","Related to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.","Related to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.","Related to section 3.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.","Related to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.","Includes: \n Ring-tum\n Phi ,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026 November 10, 1971; \n W \u0026 L Law\n News , March 30, 1989; \n Southern School\n News , March 1956; \n Richmond\n Mercury , March 20, 1974; \n The Daily\n Record , May 26, 1941; \n Richmond\n News-Leader , November 21, 1956\n (part).","Writing by or about Powell.","Related to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.","Records and briefs.","Contents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.","Contents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n Squiggle ,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.","One plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.","Includes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.","Letter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.","369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.","Gown, two caps and hood.","Institutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.","875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.","Fine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n It's the Only\n Way by Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n Arguing the Parson's\n Cause by George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage.","Published materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a","English"],"unitid_tesim":["001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"collection_ssim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"creator_ssm":["Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The papers are\n 363 cu. ft. in extent."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["By terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.2 Biographical \u0026amp; Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026amp; Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026amp; Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.5 Speeches \u0026amp; Writings, 1987-1995 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e12. Materials by Form \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.1 Photos \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.2 Audio \u0026amp; Video Recordings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.3 Scrapbooks \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.4 Clippings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.5 Printed Materials \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.6 Artifacts \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://https://www.%20law.wlu.edu/powell-archives/powell-papers%20/xlink\u0026#x201D;%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:href=https://wlu.box.com/s/81nuautroe8qu9wg0e53jnbtn7mp95pp%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:actuate=\u0026#x201C;onrequest\" show=\"new\"\u003ePowell Archives website\n \u003c/extref\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy forms or materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by forms of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n 1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.2 Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n Series 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n 2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n Series 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n Series 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n Series 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n Series 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n 3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n Series 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n Series 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n Series 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n 4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026 Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n Series 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n Series 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n Series 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n 5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n Series 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n Series 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n Series 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n Series 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n Series 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n Series 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n Series 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n Series 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n Series 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n 6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n Series 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n Series 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n Series 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n Series 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n Series 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n Series 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n 7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n Series 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n Series 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n Series 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n Series 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n Series 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n Series 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n Series 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n Series 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n Series 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n Series 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n 8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n Series 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n Series 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n Series 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n 9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n Series 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n Series 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n 10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n Series 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n Series 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n Series 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n Series 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n 11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n Series 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n Series 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n Series 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n Series 11.5 Speeches \u0026 Writings, 1987-1995 \n Series 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n 12. Materials by Form \n Series 12.1 Photos \n Series 12.2 Audio \u0026 Video Recordings \n Series 12.3 Scrapbooks \n Series 12.4 Clippings \n Series 12.5 Printed Materials \n Series 12.6 Artifacts \n ","This correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the Powell Archives website\n ","Arranged alphabetically by topic.","Consists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.","The commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.","The Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Alphabetical by topic.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.","Alphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.","Arranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.","Arranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.","Arranged by topic.","By forms or materials.","Arranged by forms of materials."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["LEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY 1907 Sept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia 1925 B.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026 Lee\n University 1931 LL.B, Washington \u0026 Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar 1932 LL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026 Parker 1935 Joined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore 1936 Married Josephine Pierce Rucker 1938 Jan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born 1938-1941 Instructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond 1940 Sept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born 1941 Elected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association 1942 Volunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces 1946 Discharged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams 1947 July 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born 1947-1948 Chairman, Richmond Charter Commission 1948-1949 President, Richmond Bar Association 1948-1952 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service 1950 Joined Richmond School Board 1952 Sept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born 1952-1961 Chairman, Richmond School Board 1954 June 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026 Powell 1958 Member of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union 1961-1969 Member of Virginia State Board of\n Education 1962 Represented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation 1964-1965 President, American Bar Association 1965-1966 Member, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor 1965-1967 Member, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice 1967-1968 Member, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission 1969-1970 Member, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers 1969-1971 President, American Bar Foundation 1971 Oct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate 1972 Jan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987 June 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987-1996 Sat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge 1996 July 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died 1997 Jan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed 1998 August 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026amp; L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026amp; L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026amp; L on March 4, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026amp; Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026amp; L law school when he had finished with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026amp; L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026amp; L.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers resided at W \u0026amp; L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026amp; L and from\n his military service were included in this accession.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.","In 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026 L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026 L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.","Papers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026 L on March 4, 1992.","Powell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026 Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026 L law school when he had finished with them.","The papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026 L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026 L.","On December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.","The papers resided at W \u0026 L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.","In May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026 L and from\n his military service were included in this accession."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLewis F. Powell Jr. Papers, 1921-1998, Ms 001, Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr. Archives, Washington and Lee University,\n Lexington, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers, 1921-1998, Ms 001, Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr. Archives, Washington and Lee University,\n Lexington, VA"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026amp; Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item is a copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times\n Dispatch\u003c/title\u003eand reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eNote:\u003c/title\u003ePermission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerning the settlement of her\n estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese records are closed to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by William H. Moreland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by William H. Moreland (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Felix Frankfurter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndianapolis, Indiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWelcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBroadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReleased for use by the Richmond \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNews Leader\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRadio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRadio address on WLEE.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Richmond, Virginia city government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJunior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommunity Chest, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFaculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoochland Rotary Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speeches before civic clubs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDraft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eJoint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDraft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSouth Road\n Rotary\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eReport to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file.\u003c/title\u003e, \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington Virginia Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSpeech to Naval\n Unit\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eExcerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOptimist Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eNotes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026amp; 8/3 on\n WRNL.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiami Beach, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJunior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eLecture to\n Associates.\u003c/title\u003eHunton \u0026amp; Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvestment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. Stephen's Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eNorthside\n Teachers.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Public School System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVermont Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoutheastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Mexico Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOklahoma Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelaware Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrinted booklet format.\n \u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKnoxville Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Association, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommittee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConnecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eTo be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaw School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlorida State Bar, Miami, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSociety of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJudiciary Committee of United States\n Senate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGiven by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKiwanis Club, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAllegheny County Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress release. \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSubstantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWoman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrepared for publication in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLawyers Title\n News\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLAMP, Cleveland, Ohio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHoward College, Birmingham, Alabama\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina Bar\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTown Hall, New York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCountry Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA House of Delegates, New York, City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJamestown Foundation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumn in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e,\n volumes 50 - 51\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eExcerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Farm Bureau Federation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTexas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssociation of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCleveland Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLos Angeles County Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoutheastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUniversity of Florida\n Law Review\u003c/title\u003epublished version is\n entitled, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eRespect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e51 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGreat Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference on Law and Poverty\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNinth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCanadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Richmond Law School\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnion Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvard Club of Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e23 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e205 (Fall 1966).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eBuilding Respect\n For Law and Order\u003c/title\u003e) also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKey-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFounder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLecture to firm of Hunton \u0026amp; Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime Commission office memorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvard Law School Class Reunion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTories (?) Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReview of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e, c.\n Nov. 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Jaycees\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eU.S. News \u0026amp; World\n Report\u003c/title\u003e, Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDun's\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eA Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education\u003c/title\u003e. Printed version also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorthside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Board of Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Kiwanis Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCandidate for Virginia Governor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTestimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublic meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Foundation Breakfast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKey Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eConfidential\n Memorandum.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAs submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConvocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Chapter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in June 28, 1971 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e\n Perspectives\u003c/title\u003esection of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubmitted informally to the Attorney\n General.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eCivil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorld War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistorical Studies \u0026amp; Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUltra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II\u003c/title\u003e. This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026amp; Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026amp; Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCircuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026amp; Tenth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitled \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eQuestions\n of Comparative Negligence\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Hunton \u0026amp; Williams Cocktail\n Party\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBased on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters included in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMade up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLike the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments by Henry I. Willett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes memoranda and course outlines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes 1959 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSpong Report\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRealizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026amp; Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026amp; Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026amp; Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026amp; Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026amp; Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams client.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026amp; Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1989.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSee also\u003c/emph\u003e10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Brethren\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAttack On American\n Free Enterprise\u003c/title\u003ememorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted materials are at the end of this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHumorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026amp; Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the contents of these boxes, see \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://https://www.wlu.app.box.com/s/ockkfso2qvvmoz5rwb4za8ozolt1ptan/xlink\u0026#x201D;%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:href=https://wlu.box.com/s/81nuautroe8qu9wg0e53jnbtn7mp95pp%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:actuate=\u0026#x201C;onrequest\" show=\"new\"\u003ethis spreadsheet\u003c/extref\u003e at the Powell Archives website. \n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026amp; 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco, California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEl Paso, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eT.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eVolume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorthwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProvo, Utah.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollege of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupreme Court Building, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouston, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUtah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChicago, Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eF Street Club, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinceton, New Jersey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForeword to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHofstra Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoca Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes papers re session\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDallas, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalzburg, Austria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemorandum prepared for unknown purpose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreface to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eissue dedicated to Paulsen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortsmouth, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUniversity of\n Pennsylvania Law Review\u003c/title\u003eAnnual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiloxi, Mississippi.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranklin, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTribute in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Winter 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTexas Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eAugust 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBaylor Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Fall 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, June 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGreenville, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCanadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Bar Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Palm Beach, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity Club, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBirmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIn Search of the\n Constitution\u003c/title\u003e, first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUsed in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make this trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnly Mrs. Powell made this trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRetirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes membership lists and dinner\n menus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eJustice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes memo to file of October 14, 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSculpted by George M. Kelly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe the role of the Solicitor General for \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe New\n Yorker\u003c/title\u003emagazine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams is at the end of the\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopic discussed is Freeman's \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eJustice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions\u003c/title\u003ein the Spring 1988 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSocial Security information for Powell\n maid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican\n Experience\u003c/title\u003eshow about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Magazine of\n History and Biography\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr.\u003c/title\u003econcerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eHabeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco, California\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D.\u003c/title\u003ein subject files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStudent Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eConversation At\n Monticello\u003c/title\u003e, Charlottesville,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSocial Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIrving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Richmond School of Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYale Political Union\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington and Lee University School of\n Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHunton \u0026amp; Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrake University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003e\n Time\u003c/title\u003eMagazine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Powell's World War II Service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican Bar Association\n Journal\u003c/title\u003eInterview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York University Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican Bar Association\n Journal\u003c/title\u003eInterview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIndiana Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStanford Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Volume 44, Summer 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSeton Hall Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003ededication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003ededication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDickinson Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorking title of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eHandguns: A Call to\n Arms\u003c/title\u003e. Apparently unpublished.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVolume 50, Number 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Volume 107, Number 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTable of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSupreme Court -\n 1986 Term\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Press Club, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Meade, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSilver Springs, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHunt, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarrisonburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJackson, Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarrisonburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada. Includes files on \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eCapital\n Punishment\u003c/title\u003espeech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCour d'Arlene, Idaho\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCambridge, Massachusetts\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Haven, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoca Raton, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e/The Supreme\n Court\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalt Lake City, Utah\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Haven, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City. Includes speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eStare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint,\u003c/title\u003eand drafts of\n speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrake University, Des Moines, Iowa\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorfolk, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumbus, Ohio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHollins, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York University School of Law, New York\n City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHartford, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make the trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaui, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePotomac, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHollins, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrookville, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHilton Head, South Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eChanges In the\n Practice of Law\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Beach, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C. Includes speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eA Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDemocrats for\n Eisenhower\u003c/title\u003e, 1952 \u0026amp; 1956.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePowell Chambers\n Library\u003c/title\u003eas a title search.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 3.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRing-tum\n Phi\u003c/title\u003e,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026amp; November 10, 1971; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eW \u0026amp; L Law\n News\u003c/title\u003e, March 30, 1989; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSouthern School\n News\u003c/title\u003e, March 1956; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Mercury\u003c/title\u003e, March 20, 1974; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Daily\n Record\u003c/title\u003e, May 26, 1941; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n News-Leader\u003c/title\u003e, November 21, 1956\n (part).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting by or about Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords and briefs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSquiggle\u003c/title\u003e,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGown, two caps and hood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstitutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eIt's the Only\n Way\u003c/title\u003eby Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eArguing the Parson's\n Cause\u003c/title\u003eby George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026 Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.","The Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.","This is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This item is a copy.","This series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.","Subject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").","The \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.","Also part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n Richmond Times\n Dispatch and reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.","There are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. ","Family Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.","The subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives","The correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.","The subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"","In addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.","The name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.","Correspondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.","Correspondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.","This is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.","The Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.","Note: Permission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.","In addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.","The \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.","The \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.","Concerning the settlement of her\n estate.","These records are closed to researchers.","Records re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by William H. Moreland","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by William H. Moreland (?)","Written for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee","Taught by Felix Frankfurter.","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd","Includes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.","Speeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.","A frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)","One folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.","Talk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Virginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia","Indianapolis, Indiana","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Alexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia","AMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia","American Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia","WMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia","Welcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Broadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.","Re Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.","Released for use by the Richmond \n News Leader .","Radio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Radio address on WLEE.","Re Richmond, Virginia city government.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","West End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.","For broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.","The English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Community Chest, Richmond, Virginia.","Faculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Talk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Goochland Rotary Club.","Notes for speeches before civic clubs.","Delivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.","Richmond, Virginia.","Draft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...","Richmond, Virginia.","University of Virginia.","Joint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957","Draft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Richmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.","Richmond, Virginia.","South Road\n Rotary","Report to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file. , ","Arlington Virginia Bar Association","Speech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.","Speech to Naval\n Unit","Rotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)","Excerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.","Optimist Club, Richmond, Virginia","Notes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026 8/3 on\n WRNL.","Virginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.","Notes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.","Miami Beach, Florida","Richmond, Virginia","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia","Chesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia","Notes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.","Lexington, Virginia","Notes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.","Notes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Virginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Lecture to\n Associates. Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Investment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.","St. Stephen's Church.","Northside\n Teachers.","Richmond Public School System.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.","Vermont Bar Association","Lecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.","Southeastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.","Commemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.","Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.","New Mexico Bar.","Oklahoma Bar Association","Delaware Bar Association","Pamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.","Printed booklet format.\n ","Prepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska","Knoxville Bar Association","Federal Bar Association, Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Association","National Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.","Committee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism","Grace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia","Newcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia","Connecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut","Virginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia","Virginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia","To be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice","St. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia","Law School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina","Florida State Bar, Miami, Florida","Society of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia","Judiciary Committee of United States\n Senate","Mississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi","Federal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC","NACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota","ABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois","Given by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia","Kiwanis Club, Washington, DC","Allegheny County Bar Association","Press release. \n Substantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA .","Woman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Memo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.","Prepared for publication in \n Lawyers Title\n News","Conference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.","LAMP, Cleveland, Ohio","Statement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.","Howard College, Birmingham, Alabama","Kentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky","South Carolina Bar","Town Hall, New York City","Country Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia","Pennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania","National Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York","ABA House of Delegates, New York, City","Annual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY","Jamestown Foundation","Federal Bar Association","Indiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana","State Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan","Column in \n ABA Journal ,\n volumes 50 - 51","State Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico","ABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia","Boston University","Excerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association","Oklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma","American Farm Bureau Federation","Texas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas","Association of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois","Dade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida","Maryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland","ABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana","Charter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.","Cleveland Bar Association","New York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n ABA Journal","San Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco","Los Angeles County Bar Association","Southeastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida","American College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi","University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n University of Florida\n Law Review published version is\n entitled, \n Respect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society","Dedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri","Joint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico","51 \n ABA Journal 437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.","Great Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.","National Conference on Law and Poverty","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia","State Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas","Virginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia","Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.","ABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.","ABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida","Canadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada","University of Richmond Law School","Union Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia","Yale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut","Commonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Harvard Club of Virginia","Virginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia","Virginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia","23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 205 (Fall 1966).","Richmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia","Virginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n Building Respect\n For Law and Order ) also in this\n file.","Key-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.","Founder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.","Lecture to firm of Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Crime Commission office memorandum.","National Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.","The Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.","Harvard Law School Class Reunion.","Tories (?) Club.","Conference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Review of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n ABA Journal , c.\n Nov. 1967.","Richmond Jaycees","Southern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n U.S. News \u0026 World\n Report , Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.","American Bar Association.","Phi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.","Published in the \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch .","For \n Dun's\n Review .","Three different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education . Printed version also in this\n file.","American Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.","Bank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.","Northside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia State Board of Education.","Richmond Kiwanis Club.","Chamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.","Virginia State Bar.","Candidate for Virginia Governor.","American Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.","Thomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Testimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.","Public meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.","American Bar Foundation Breakfast.","Key Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Confidential\n Memorandum.","As submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.","Southern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.","Prepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.","Remarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Convocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.","Richmond Chapter.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","United Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Published in June 28, 1971 \n \n Perspectives section of \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","Submitted informally to the Attorney\n General.","Confidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.","Notes for speech.","16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.","Civil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?","Powell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.","The subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.","World War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.","Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.","Finally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n Ultra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II . This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.","Though Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026 Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.","This subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.","These are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.","The subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.","American Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.","Among the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.","The campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026 Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.","Powell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.","Powell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.","Powell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.","Circuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026 Tenth.","Speeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.","Titled \n Questions\n of Comparative Negligence","Re Hunton \u0026 Williams Cocktail\n Party","American Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.","American College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.","National Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.","Richmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.","Virginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.","This series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.","Joint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.","Attorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.","President's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.","Based on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.","Powell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"","Selected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.","Blue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.","As in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).","Forms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.","Some letters included in this file.","Advisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.","Comprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.","Contains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.","Made up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.","This one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.","Anyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.","Like the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.","The titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.","There are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.","The \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.","Letters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC","Notes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC","Comments by Henry I. Willett.","Includes memoranda and course outlines.","Includes 1959 \n Spong Report","Consists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.","Four inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.","Realizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.","One folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.","One foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.","As President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"","As in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.","The subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.","On July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.","Includes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.","2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026 Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","The subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.","Series 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n 8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n 8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n 8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n 8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n 8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n 8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n 8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n 8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n ","Subseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.","The name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.","Series 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.","Subseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.","Subseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.","Subseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.","Series 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n 8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n 8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n 8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n 8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n 8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n 8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n 8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n 8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n ","The Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.","Powell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.","The subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.","Perhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.","Colonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.","The State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.","Lawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.","The subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.","The Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.","There is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026\n Williams client.","The subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.","Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"","Subseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.","The sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026 Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.","Series includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.","Powell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.","The correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.","The Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.","The remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.","The correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.","The memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.","The subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026 Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.","The printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.","Reference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.","This subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.","This subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1994.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1990.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1995.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1989.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1993.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1971.","Served during October Term 1988.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1991.","Served during October Term 1987.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n See also 10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.","Served during October Term 1992.","This subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.","The \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.","Most of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.","Covers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.","Subject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.","The \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n The Brethren .","This file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n Attack On American\n Free Enterprise memorandum.","The subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.","Printed materials are at the end of this\n file.","Concerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.","Humorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.","This subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026 Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.","A third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.","The \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.","There is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.","Though Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.","The mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.","Records of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.","For the contents of these boxes, see \n this spreadsheet at the Powell Archives website. \n ","The series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.","It is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.","The documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.","These are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.","These memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.","These files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.","This card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.","The series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.","The \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.","There are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Honoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.","San Francisco, California.","New York, New York.","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","El Paso, Texas","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia.","T.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.","Dedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.","University of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana","Lexington, Virginia","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Washington and Lee Law\n Review Volume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.","Northwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.","American Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.","Provo, Utah.","The Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.","Colonial Williamsburg.","Virginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","College of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Biography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.","Supreme Court Building, Washington, DC","Powell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.","Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia.","Houston, Texas.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Powell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Program during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.","Labor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Atlanta, Georgia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.","Lexington, Virginia.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","Utah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.","Chicago, Illinois.","Richmond, Virginia.","John Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.","F Street Club, Washington, DC.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Princeton, New Jersey.","Commemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.","Washington, D.C.","University of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Includes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.","Orison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Foreword to \n Hofstra Law\n Review .","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Boca Raton, Florida.","Powell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.","Includes papers re session","Richmond, Virginia.","Atlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.","Dallas, Texas.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Salzburg, Austria.","Memorandum prepared for unknown purpose.","Richmond, Virginia.","Memorandum.","Preface to \n Virginia Law\n Review issue dedicated to Paulsen.","New York, New York.","Portsmouth, Virginia.","University of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.","University of\n Pennsylvania Law Review Annual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.","Biloxi, Mississippi.","New Orleans, Louisiana.","Includes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.","Franklin, Virginia.","Tribute in \n Harvard Law\n Review .","New Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Spoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Eleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.","Harlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.","Lexington, Virginia","Published in \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review , Winter 1982.","Published in \n Texas Law\n Review August 1982.","Includes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Published in \n Baylor Law\n Review , Fall 1982.","Richmond, Virginia.","Published in \n Virginia Law\n Review , June 1983.","Eminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Greenville, South Carolina.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.","Tau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.","Canadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.","National Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.","Includes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond Bar Association.","United States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.","West Palm Beach, Florida.","Atlanta, Georgia.","American Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","American Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","University Club, Washington, D.C.","Arlington, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","University of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia","Alexandria, Virginia","Birmingham, Alabama.","Interview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n In Search of the\n Constitution , first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.","Used in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.","Trip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.","Did not make this trip.","Only Mrs. Powell made this trip.","Dinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.","The retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.","Statement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.","Correspondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.","The record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","In addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.","Retirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.","Correspondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.","A listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.","The General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","The correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","Some of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.","Following correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.","Includes membership lists and dinner\n menus.","This file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n Justice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr. .","Includes memo to file of October 14, 1987.","Sculpted by George M. Kelly.","Re the role of the Solicitor General for \n The New\n Yorker magazine.","Correspondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams is at the end of the\n file.","Topic discussed is Freeman's \n Justice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions in the Spring 1988 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review .","Re preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.","Includes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.","Social Security information for Powell\n maid.","Records primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n American\n Experience show about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.","Correspondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.","These transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.","File primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.","Written by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n Virginia Magazine of\n History and Biography","See also \n 11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr. concerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.","Powell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.","Habeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989 .","Powell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.","Includes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.","San Francisco, California","Washington, D.C.","See also \n 11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D. in subject files.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","James Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia","Student Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia","Conversation At\n Monticello , Charlottesville,\n Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Criminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.","Social Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.","Irving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.","University of Richmond School of Law.","Yale Political Union","Washington and Lee University School of\n Law.","Hunton \u0026 Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Kiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Article in \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","National Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Leslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","Loyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.","Drake University.","For WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.","The Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.","Interview with \n \n Time Magazine.","Re Powell's World War II Service.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","New York University Law School.","Published in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.","Honolulu, Hawaii.","Colonial Williamsburg.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","Williamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n Indiana Law\n Review .","Published in \n Stanford Law\n Review , Volume 44, Summer 1992.","Seton Hall Law\n Review dedication.","Harvard Law\n Review dedication.","Dickinson Law\n Review .","Working title of \n Handguns: A Call to\n Arms . Apparently unpublished.","Arlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.","Volume 50, Number 1.","Harvard Law\n Review , Volume 107, Number 1.","Table of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.","Justice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.","Includes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n Supreme Court -\n 1986 Term","Includes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.","National Press Club, Washington, D.C.","New York City","Anderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.","Fort Meade, Maryland","Silver Springs, Maryland","Hunt, Texas","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Jackson, Mississippi","Richmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.","Charlottesville, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Toronto, Canada","Toronto, Canada. Includes files on \n Capital\n Punishment speech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.","Toronto, Canada","Cour d'Arlene, Idaho","In honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Cambridge, Massachusetts","New Haven, Connecticut","Washington, D.C.","New York City","Hobe Sound, Florida","Boca Raton, Florida","Lexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n /The Supreme\n Court .","Williamsburg, Virginia","Salt Lake City, Utah","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Washington, D.C.","New Haven, Connecticut","Richmond, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Sratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Atlanta, Georgia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.","New York City. Includes speech, \n Stare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint, and drafts of\n speech.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Baltimore, Maryland","Norfolk, Virginia","Williamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia","Columbus, Ohio","Washington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.","Washington, D.C.","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","John Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.","New York University School of Law, New York\n City","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Hartford, Connecticut","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Did not make the trip.","Did not make trip.","Baltimore, Maryland","Did not make trip.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Charlottesville, Virginia","Grove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina","Williamsburg, Virginia","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Maui, Hawaii","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Potomac, Maryland","Lexington, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Brookville, New York","The Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Baltimore, Maryland","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hilton Head, South Carolina","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n Changes In the\n Practice of Law .","Baltimore, Maryland","Virginia Beach, Virginia","Washington, D.C. Includes speech, \n A Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments .","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Sratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Unprocessed.","Includes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.","Subjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.","Box 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. ","Includes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court","Includes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n Democrats for\n Eisenhower , 1952 \u0026 1956.","Clippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission","This series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n Powell Chambers\n Library as a title search.","Related to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.","Related to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.","Related to section 3.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.","Related to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.","Includes: \n Ring-tum\n Phi ,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026 November 10, 1971; \n W \u0026 L Law\n News , March 30, 1989; \n Southern School\n News , March 1956; \n Richmond\n Mercury , March 20, 1974; \n The Daily\n Record , May 26, 1941; \n Richmond\n News-Leader , November 21, 1956\n (part).","Writing by or about Powell.","Related to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.","Records and briefs.","Contents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.","Contents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n Squiggle ,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.","One plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.","Includes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.","Letter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.","369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.","Gown, two caps and hood.","Institutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.","875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.","Fine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n It's the Only\n Way by Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n Arguing the Parson's\n Cause by George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublished materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Published materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2781,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T15:09:42.701Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cchronlist\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eLEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1907\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1925\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eB.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026amp; Lee\n University\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1931\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eLL.B, Washington \u0026amp; Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1932\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eLL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026amp; Parker\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1935\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJoined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026amp; Moore\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1936\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMarried Josephine Pierce Rucker\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1938\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1938-1941\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eInstructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1940\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1941\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eElected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1942\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eVolunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1946\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eDischarged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1947\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJuly 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1947-1948\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eChairman, Richmond Charter Commission\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1948-1949\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, Richmond Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1948-1952\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSpecial Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1950\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJoined Richmond School Board\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1952\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1952-1961\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eChairman, Richmond School Board\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1954\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJune 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026amp; Powell\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1958\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1961-1969\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember of Virginia State Board of\n Education\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1962\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eRepresented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1964-1965\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, American Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1965-1966\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1965-1967\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1967-1968\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1969-1970\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1969-1971\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, American Bar Foundation\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eOct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1972\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1987\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJune 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1987-1996\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1996\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJuly 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1997\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1998\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eAugust 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003c/chronlist\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c08_c02"}},{"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c09","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11.9: Funeral \n 1998","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c09","ref_ssm":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c09"],"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c09","ead_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_root_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_nest_parent_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11","parent_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11","parent_ssim":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vilxwl_vilxwl00013","vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998"],"text":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","11: Retirement \n \n 1987-1998","11.9: Funeral \n 1998"],"title_filing_ssi":"Funeral \n 1998","title_ssm":["11.9: Funeral \n 1998"],"title_tesim":["11.9: Funeral \n 1998"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11.9: Funeral \n 1998"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"collection_ssim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2672,"_nest_path_":"/components#10/components#8","timestamp":"2026-05-20T15:09:42.701Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","ead_ssi":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_root_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","_nest_parent_":"vilxwl_vilxwl00013","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/wl-law/vilxwl00013.xml","title_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"title_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["001"],"text":["001","Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998","The papers are\n 363 cu. ft. in extent.","By terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site.","The papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n 1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.2 Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n Series 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n 2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n Series 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n Series 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n Series 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n Series 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n 3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n Series 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n Series 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n Series 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n 4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026 Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n Series 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n Series 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n Series 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n 5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n Series 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n Series 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n Series 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n Series 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n Series 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n Series 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n Series 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n Series 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n Series 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n 6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n Series 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n Series 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n Series 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n Series 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n Series 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n Series 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n 7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n Series 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n Series 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n Series 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n Series 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n Series 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n Series 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n Series 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n Series 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n Series 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n Series 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n 8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n Series 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n Series 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n Series 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n 9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n Series 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n Series 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n 10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n Series 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n Series 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n Series 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n Series 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n 11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n Series 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n Series 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n Series 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n Series 11.5 Speeches \u0026 Writings, 1987-1995 \n Series 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n 12. Materials by Form \n Series 12.1 Photos \n Series 12.2 Audio \u0026 Video Recordings \n Series 12.3 Scrapbooks \n Series 12.4 Clippings \n Series 12.5 Printed Materials \n Series 12.6 Artifacts \n ","This correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the Powell Archives website\n ","Arranged alphabetically by topic.","Consists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.","The commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.","The Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Alphabetical by topic.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.","Alphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.","Arranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.","Arranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.","Arranged by topic.","By forms or materials.","Arranged by forms of materials.","LEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY 1907 Sept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia 1925 B.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026 Lee\n University 1931 LL.B, Washington \u0026 Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar 1932 LL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026 Parker 1935 Joined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore 1936 Married Josephine Pierce Rucker 1938 Jan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born 1938-1941 Instructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond 1940 Sept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born 1941 Elected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association 1942 Volunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces 1946 Discharged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams 1947 July 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born 1947-1948 Chairman, Richmond Charter Commission 1948-1949 President, Richmond Bar Association 1948-1952 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service 1950 Joined Richmond School Board 1952 Sept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born 1952-1961 Chairman, Richmond School Board 1954 June 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026 Powell 1958 Member of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union 1961-1969 Member of Virginia State Board of\n Education 1962 Represented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation 1964-1965 President, American Bar Association 1965-1966 Member, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor 1965-1967 Member, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice 1967-1968 Member, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission 1969-1970 Member, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers 1969-1971 President, American Bar Foundation 1971 Oct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate 1972 Jan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987 June 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987-1996 Sat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge 1996 July 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died 1997 Jan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed 1998 August 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died","The portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.","In 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026 L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026 L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.","Papers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026 L on March 4, 1992.","Powell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026 Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026 L law school when he had finished with them.","The papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026 L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026 L.","On December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.","The papers resided at W \u0026 L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.","In May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026 L and from\n his military service were included in this accession.","The Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026 Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.","The Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.","This is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This item is a copy.","This series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.","Subject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").","The \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.","Also part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n Richmond Times\n Dispatch and reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.","There are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. ","Family Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.","The subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives","The correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.","The subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"","In addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.","The name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.","Correspondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.","Correspondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.","This is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.","The Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.","Note: Permission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.","In addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.","The \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.","The \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.","Concerning the settlement of her\n estate.","These records are closed to researchers.","Records re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by William H. Moreland","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by William H. Moreland (?)","Written for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee","Taught by Felix Frankfurter.","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd","Includes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.","Speeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.","A frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)","One folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.","Talk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Virginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia","Indianapolis, Indiana","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Alexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia","AMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia","American Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia","WMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia","Welcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Broadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.","Re Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.","Released for use by the Richmond \n News Leader .","Radio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Radio address on WLEE.","Re Richmond, Virginia city government.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","West End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.","For broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.","The English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Community Chest, Richmond, Virginia.","Faculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Talk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Goochland Rotary Club.","Notes for speeches before civic clubs.","Delivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.","Richmond, Virginia.","Draft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...","Richmond, Virginia.","University of Virginia.","Joint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957","Draft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Richmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.","Richmond, Virginia.","South Road\n Rotary","Report to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file. , ","Arlington Virginia Bar Association","Speech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.","Speech to Naval\n Unit","Rotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)","Excerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.","Optimist Club, Richmond, Virginia","Notes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026 8/3 on\n WRNL.","Virginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.","Notes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.","Miami Beach, Florida","Richmond, Virginia","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia","Chesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia","Notes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.","Lexington, Virginia","Notes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.","Notes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Virginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Lecture to\n Associates. Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Investment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.","St. Stephen's Church.","Northside\n Teachers.","Richmond Public School System.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.","Vermont Bar Association","Lecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.","Southeastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.","Commemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.","Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.","New Mexico Bar.","Oklahoma Bar Association","Delaware Bar Association","Pamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.","Printed booklet format.\n ","Prepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska","Knoxville Bar Association","Federal Bar Association, Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Association","National Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.","Committee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism","Grace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia","Newcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia","Connecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut","Virginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia","Virginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia","To be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice","St. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia","Law School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina","Florida State Bar, Miami, Florida","Society of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia","Judiciary Committee of United States\n Senate","Mississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi","Federal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC","NACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota","ABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois","Given by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia","Kiwanis Club, Washington, DC","Allegheny County Bar Association","Press release. \n Substantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA .","Woman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Memo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.","Prepared for publication in \n Lawyers Title\n News","Conference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.","LAMP, Cleveland, Ohio","Statement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.","Howard College, Birmingham, Alabama","Kentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky","South Carolina Bar","Town Hall, New York City","Country Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia","Pennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania","National Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York","ABA House of Delegates, New York, City","Annual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY","Jamestown Foundation","Federal Bar Association","Indiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana","State Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan","Column in \n ABA Journal ,\n volumes 50 - 51","State Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico","ABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia","Boston University","Excerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association","Oklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma","American Farm Bureau Federation","Texas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas","Association of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois","Dade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida","Maryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland","ABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana","Charter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.","Cleveland Bar Association","New York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n ABA Journal","San Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco","Los Angeles County Bar Association","Southeastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida","American College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi","University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n University of Florida\n Law Review published version is\n entitled, \n Respect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society","Dedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri","Joint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico","51 \n ABA Journal 437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.","Great Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.","National Conference on Law and Poverty","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia","State Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas","Virginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia","Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.","ABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.","ABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida","Canadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada","University of Richmond Law School","Union Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia","Yale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut","Commonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Harvard Club of Virginia","Virginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia","Virginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia","23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 205 (Fall 1966).","Richmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia","Virginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n Building Respect\n For Law and Order ) also in this\n file.","Key-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.","Founder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.","Lecture to firm of Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Crime Commission office memorandum.","National Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.","The Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.","Harvard Law School Class Reunion.","Tories (?) Club.","Conference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Review of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n ABA Journal , c.\n Nov. 1967.","Richmond Jaycees","Southern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n U.S. News \u0026 World\n Report , Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.","American Bar Association.","Phi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.","Published in the \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch .","For \n Dun's\n Review .","Three different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education . Printed version also in this\n file.","American Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.","Bank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.","Northside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia State Board of Education.","Richmond Kiwanis Club.","Chamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.","Virginia State Bar.","Candidate for Virginia Governor.","American Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.","Thomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Testimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.","Public meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.","American Bar Foundation Breakfast.","Key Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Confidential\n Memorandum.","As submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.","Southern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.","Prepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.","Remarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Convocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.","Richmond Chapter.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","United Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Published in June 28, 1971 \n \n Perspectives section of \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","Submitted informally to the Attorney\n General.","Confidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.","Notes for speech.","16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.","Civil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?","Powell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.","The subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.","World War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.","Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.","Finally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n Ultra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II . This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.","Though Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026 Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.","This subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.","These are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.","The subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.","American Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.","Among the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.","The campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026 Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.","Powell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.","Powell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.","Powell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.","Circuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026 Tenth.","Speeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.","Titled \n Questions\n of Comparative Negligence","Re Hunton \u0026 Williams Cocktail\n Party","American Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.","American College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.","National Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.","Richmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.","Virginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.","This series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.","Joint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.","Attorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.","President's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.","Based on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.","Powell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"","Selected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.","Blue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.","As in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).","Forms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.","Some letters included in this file.","Advisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.","Comprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.","Contains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.","Made up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.","This one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.","Anyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.","Like the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.","The titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.","There are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.","The \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.","Letters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC","Notes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC","Comments by Henry I. Willett.","Includes memoranda and course outlines.","Includes 1959 \n Spong Report","Consists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.","Four inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.","Realizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.","One folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.","One foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.","As President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"","As in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.","The subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.","On July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.","Includes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.","2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026 Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","The subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.","Series 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n 8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n 8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n 8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n 8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n 8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n 8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n 8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n 8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n ","Subseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.","The name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.","Series 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.","Subseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.","Subseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.","Subseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.","Series 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n 8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n 8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n 8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n 8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n 8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n 8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n 8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n 8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n ","The Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.","Powell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.","The subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.","Perhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.","Colonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.","The State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.","Lawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.","The subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.","The Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.","There is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026\n Williams client.","The subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.","Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"","Subseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.","The sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026 Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.","Series includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.","Powell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.","The correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.","The Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.","The remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.","The correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.","The memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.","The subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026 Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.","The printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.","Reference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.","This subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.","This subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1994.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1990.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1995.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1989.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1993.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1971.","Served during October Term 1988.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1991.","Served during October Term 1987.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n See also 10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.","Served during October Term 1992.","This subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.","The \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.","Most of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.","Covers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.","Subject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.","The \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n The Brethren .","This file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n Attack On American\n Free Enterprise memorandum.","The subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.","Printed materials are at the end of this\n file.","Concerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.","Humorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.","This subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026 Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.","A third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.","The \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.","There is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.","Though Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.","The mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.","Records of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.","For the contents of these boxes, see \n this spreadsheet at the Powell Archives website. \n ","The series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.","It is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.","The documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.","These are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.","These memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.","These files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.","This card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.","The series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.","The \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.","There are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Honoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.","San Francisco, California.","New York, New York.","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","El Paso, Texas","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia.","T.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.","Dedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.","University of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana","Lexington, Virginia","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Washington and Lee Law\n Review Volume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.","Northwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.","American Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.","Provo, Utah.","The Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.","Colonial Williamsburg.","Virginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","College of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Biography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.","Supreme Court Building, Washington, DC","Powell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.","Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia.","Houston, Texas.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Powell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Program during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.","Labor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Atlanta, Georgia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.","Lexington, Virginia.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","Utah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.","Chicago, Illinois.","Richmond, Virginia.","John Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.","F Street Club, Washington, DC.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Princeton, New Jersey.","Commemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.","Washington, D.C.","University of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Includes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.","Orison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Foreword to \n Hofstra Law\n Review .","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Boca Raton, Florida.","Powell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.","Includes papers re session","Richmond, Virginia.","Atlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.","Dallas, Texas.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Salzburg, Austria.","Memorandum prepared for unknown purpose.","Richmond, Virginia.","Memorandum.","Preface to \n Virginia Law\n Review issue dedicated to Paulsen.","New York, New York.","Portsmouth, Virginia.","University of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.","University of\n Pennsylvania Law Review Annual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.","Biloxi, Mississippi.","New Orleans, Louisiana.","Includes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.","Franklin, Virginia.","Tribute in \n Harvard Law\n Review .","New Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Spoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Eleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.","Harlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.","Lexington, Virginia","Published in \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review , Winter 1982.","Published in \n Texas Law\n Review August 1982.","Includes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Published in \n Baylor Law\n Review , Fall 1982.","Richmond, Virginia.","Published in \n Virginia Law\n Review , June 1983.","Eminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Greenville, South Carolina.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.","Tau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.","Canadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.","National Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.","Includes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond Bar Association.","United States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.","West Palm Beach, Florida.","Atlanta, Georgia.","American Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","American Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","University Club, Washington, D.C.","Arlington, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","University of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia","Alexandria, Virginia","Birmingham, Alabama.","Interview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n In Search of the\n Constitution , first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.","Used in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.","Trip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.","Did not make this trip.","Only Mrs. Powell made this trip.","Dinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.","The retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.","Statement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.","Correspondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.","The record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","In addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.","Retirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.","Correspondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.","A listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.","The General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","The correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","Some of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.","Following correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.","Includes membership lists and dinner\n menus.","This file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n Justice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr. .","Includes memo to file of October 14, 1987.","Sculpted by George M. Kelly.","Re the role of the Solicitor General for \n The New\n Yorker magazine.","Correspondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams is at the end of the\n file.","Topic discussed is Freeman's \n Justice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions in the Spring 1988 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review .","Re preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.","Includes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.","Social Security information for Powell\n maid.","Records primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n American\n Experience show about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.","Correspondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.","These transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.","File primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.","Written by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n Virginia Magazine of\n History and Biography","See also \n 11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr. concerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.","Powell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.","Habeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989 .","Powell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.","Includes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.","San Francisco, California","Washington, D.C.","See also \n 11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D. in subject files.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","James Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia","Student Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia","Conversation At\n Monticello , Charlottesville,\n Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Criminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.","Social Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.","Irving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.","University of Richmond School of Law.","Yale Political Union","Washington and Lee University School of\n Law.","Hunton \u0026 Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Kiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Article in \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","National Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Leslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","Loyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.","Drake University.","For WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.","The Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.","Interview with \n \n Time Magazine.","Re Powell's World War II Service.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","New York University Law School.","Published in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.","Honolulu, Hawaii.","Colonial Williamsburg.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","Williamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n Indiana Law\n Review .","Published in \n Stanford Law\n Review , Volume 44, Summer 1992.","Seton Hall Law\n Review dedication.","Harvard Law\n Review dedication.","Dickinson Law\n Review .","Working title of \n Handguns: A Call to\n Arms . Apparently unpublished.","Arlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.","Volume 50, Number 1.","Harvard Law\n Review , Volume 107, Number 1.","Table of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.","Justice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.","Includes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n Supreme Court -\n 1986 Term","Includes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.","National Press Club, Washington, D.C.","New York City","Anderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.","Fort Meade, Maryland","Silver Springs, Maryland","Hunt, Texas","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Jackson, Mississippi","Richmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.","Charlottesville, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Toronto, Canada","Toronto, Canada. Includes files on \n Capital\n Punishment speech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.","Toronto, Canada","Cour d'Arlene, Idaho","In honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Cambridge, Massachusetts","New Haven, Connecticut","Washington, D.C.","New York City","Hobe Sound, Florida","Boca Raton, Florida","Lexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n /The Supreme\n Court .","Williamsburg, Virginia","Salt Lake City, Utah","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Washington, D.C.","New Haven, Connecticut","Richmond, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Sratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Atlanta, Georgia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.","New York City. Includes speech, \n Stare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint, and drafts of\n speech.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Baltimore, Maryland","Norfolk, Virginia","Williamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia","Columbus, Ohio","Washington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.","Washington, D.C.","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","John Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.","New York University School of Law, New York\n City","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Hartford, Connecticut","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Did not make the trip.","Did not make trip.","Baltimore, Maryland","Did not make trip.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Charlottesville, Virginia","Grove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina","Williamsburg, Virginia","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Maui, Hawaii","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Potomac, Maryland","Lexington, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Brookville, New York","The Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Baltimore, Maryland","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hilton Head, South Carolina","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n Changes In the\n Practice of Law .","Baltimore, Maryland","Virginia Beach, Virginia","Washington, D.C. Includes speech, \n A Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments .","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Sratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Unprocessed.","Includes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.","Subjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.","Box 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. ","Includes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court","Includes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n Democrats for\n Eisenhower , 1952 \u0026 1956.","Clippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission","This series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n Powell Chambers\n Library as a title search.","Related to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.","Related to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.","Related to section 3.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.","Related to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.","Includes: \n Ring-tum\n Phi ,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026 November 10, 1971; \n W \u0026 L Law\n News , March 30, 1989; \n Southern School\n News , March 1956; \n Richmond\n Mercury , March 20, 1974; \n The Daily\n Record , May 26, 1941; \n Richmond\n News-Leader , November 21, 1956\n (part).","Writing by or about Powell.","Related to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.","Records and briefs.","Contents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.","Contents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n Squiggle ,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.","One plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.","Includes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.","Letter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.","369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.","Gown, two caps and hood.","Institutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.","875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.","Fine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n It's the Only\n Way by Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n Arguing the Parson's\n Cause by George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage.","Published materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a","English"],"unitid_tesim":["001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"collection_ssim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers \n \n 1921-1998"],"repository_ssm":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"repository_ssim":["Washington and Lee University, Law School"],"creator_ssm":["Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The papers are\n 363 cu. ft. in extent."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBy terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["By terms of the donor agreement, researches must obtain\n permission of the archivist before doing research in the\n case files from the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals\n portions of the papers. Additionally, portions of the\n Family Papers series are closed or require special\n permission for access and use. Specific terms of access are\n available from the Powell Archives or from its World Wide\n Web site."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.2 Biographical \u0026amp; Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026amp; Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026amp; Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.5 Speeches \u0026amp; Writings, 1987-1995 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e12. Materials by Form \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.1 Photos \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.2 Audio \u0026amp; Video Recordings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.3 Scrapbooks \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.4 Clippings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.5 Printed Materials \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSeries 12.6 Artifacts \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://https://www.%20law.wlu.edu/powell-archives/powell-papers%20/xlink\u0026#x201D;%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:href=https://wlu.box.com/s/81nuautroe8qu9wg0e53jnbtn7mp95pp%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:actuate=\u0026#x201C;onrequest\" show=\"new\"\u003ePowell Archives website\n \u003c/extref\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetical by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by topic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy forms or materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by forms of materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in twelve subgroups. There are also\n oversized materials that are housed separately for\n preservation purposes. The first eleven subgroups represent\n different aspects of Powell's life and career. The final\n subgroup contains series of materials by form. These materials\n had never been integrated into the preceding larger body of\n papers. Most series are divided into subseries. Further\n divisions beneath this level are common. \n 1. Biographical Materials, 1797, 1859, 1873, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.1 General, 1942-1983 \n Series 1.2 Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda,\n 1959- 1983 \n Series 1.3 Genealogical Materials, 1797,1859, 1873,\n 1951-1981 \n 2. Personal Papers, 1921-1996 \n Series 2.1 Correspondence, 1932- 1971 \n Series 2.2 Family Papers, 1941- 1996 \n Series 2.3 Education, 1921-1932 \n Series 2.4 Speeches, Statements and Writings, 1937-1971 \n 3. Military Service Papers, 1942- 1994 \n Series 3.1 World War II, 1942-1946 \n Series 3.2 Post World War II, 1946-1964 \n Series 3.3 Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews, 1971-\n 1994 \n 4. Law Firm (Hunton \u0026 Williams) Records, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.1 Correspondence, 1954,1958 \n Series 4.2 Memoranda, 1945-1972 \n Series 4.3 Forms File, 1945-1951 \n Series 4.4 Financial Statement, 1949-1954 \n Series 4.5 \"Housekeeping\" Records, 1949-1972 \n 5. Professional Associations, 1937- 1971 \n Series 5.1 American Bar Association, 1937-1971 \n Series 5.2 American Bar Foundation, 1960-1971 \n Series 5.3 American College of Trial Lawyers, 1958-1971 \n Series 5.4 American Judicature Society, 1958- 1963 \n Series 5.5 American Law Institute, 1947-1967 \n Series 5.6 Association of Life Insurance Counsel,\n 1957-1963 \n Series 5.7 National Center for State Courts, 1971 \n Series 5.8 Richmond Bar Association, 1946- 1966 \n Series 5.9 Virginia State Bar Association, 1948-1970 \n 6. Federal Commissions, Panels and Conferences,\n 1948-1971 \n Series 6.1 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service, 1948-1952 \n Series 6.2 Joint Civilian Defense Orientation\n Conference, 1957- 1958 \n Series 6.3 Attorney General's Conference on Court\n Congestion and Delay In Litigation, 1958-1960 \n Series 6.4 President' s Commission On Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice, 1965-1967 \n Series 6.5 Blue Ribbon Defense Panel, 1969-1970 \n Series 6.6 Advisory Commission of the Federal Judiciary\n Center, 1971 \n 7. Civic Activities, 1946- 1971 \n Series 7.1 Richmond Chamber of Commerce, 1946- 1960 \n Series 7.2 Richmond Charter Commission, 1947-1957 \n Series 7.3 American Cancer Society--Richmond Chapter,\n 1949- 1950 \n Series 7.4 Richmond School Board, 1950- 1962 \n Series 7.5 State Library Board (Virginia), 1954-1964 \n Series 7.6 Virginia Industrialization Group, 1958-1964,\n 1980 \n Series 7.7 Virginia Foundation for Independent Colleges,\n 1959-1961 \n Series 7.8 Virginia State Board of Education, 1961- 1969\n Series 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta Commission, 1964-1965 \n Series 7.10 Commission On Constitutional Revision\n (Virginia), 1968-1971 \n 8. Board Memberships, 1937-1994 \n Series 8.1 Civic, 1940-1966 \n Series 8.2 Educational, 1937- 1994 \n Series 8.3 Corporate, 1946- 1972 \n 9. Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 \n Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower, 1952-1956 \n Series 9.2 Walter Robertson Senate Campaign, 1965- 1966 \n Series 9.3 Harry F. Byrd, Jr. Senate Campaign, 1970 \n 10. United States Supreme Court, 1968-1994 (bulk\n 1972-1987) \n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971 \n Series 10.2 Correspondence, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.3 Memoranda, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.4 Subject Files, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.5 Opinion Assignments, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.6 Supreme Court Cases, 1972-1987 \n Series 10.7 Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 1972-1987\n Series 10.8 Trips, 1972-1986 \n Series 10.9 Retirement, 1987 \n Series 10.10 Calendars, 1971-1987 \n 11. Retirement, 1987- 1998 \n Series 11.1 Correspondence, 1987-1998 \n Series 11.2 Subject Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.3 Habeas Corpus Committee, 1988-1992 \n Series 11.4 Teaching Files, 1988-1991 \n Series 11.5 Speeches \u0026 Writings, 1987-1995 \n Series 11.6 Case Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.7 Trip Files, 1987- 1996 \n Series 11.8 Appointment Calendars \n 12. Materials by Form \n Series 12.1 Photos \n Series 12.2 Audio \u0026 Video Recordings \n Series 12.3 Scrapbooks \n Series 12.4 Clippings \n Series 12.5 Printed Materials \n Series 12.6 Artifacts \n ","This correspondence is arranged alphabetically\n by correspondent, and chronologically\n thereunder. A name index of correspondents, for this and other series of correspondence,\n is available at the Powell Archives website\n ","Arranged alphabetically by topic.","Consists of two feet of papers and records\n concerning Powell's work as a member of this\n commission charged with the task of thoroughly\n revising the 35,000 word 1902 constitution. Included\n in this series are: general correspondence and\n memoranda; \"public comment\" correspondence and\n memoranda; memoranda from the Commission's executive\n director, A.E. Dick Howard (additional Howard\n correspondence concerning the Commission is in the\n general correspondence subseries of the Personal\n Papers subgroup); Powell's handwritten meeting notes;\n subcommittee files; drafts and text of the new\n constitution; and printed materials and\n clippings.","The commission worked in subcommittees and Powell,\n and his fellow State Board of Education member,\n Colgate Darden, were assigned to the subcommittee on\n education. It is clear from inspecting these papers,\n however, that Powell had significant input in several\n other areas, most notably taxation. (Virginia's\n pressing need to be able to borrow money more easily\n was an important force behind undertaking the\n revision at that time.) In fact, there are few\n records about education in these papers and none\n specifically about the work of the education\n subcommittee. Powell and Darden's work can be seen in\n the drafts of the constitution in which the State\n Board of Education is given a greater role in setting\n standards, and in which cities and counties are\n required to keep their schools open.","The Miller and Rhoads, Richmond Cold Storage\n and Commonwealth Natural Gas board papers are\n small in size and unexceptional in content. There\n is a long run of board minutes with the\n Commonwealth Natural Gas papers.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Arranged chronologically, and\n alphabetically thereunder.","Alphabetical by topic.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms\n which begin each October and typically end in June\n (e.g., a decision announced at the end of October\n Term 1975 would be rendered in May or June 1976).\n Within each term, the cases are arranged by\n Supreme Court docket number.","Alphabetically arranged by correspondent's\n proper name.","Arranged alphabetically with miscellaneous\n addresses at end.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged in docket number order. See spreadsheet listing of cases at Powell Archives website.","Arranged in docket number order. Spreadsheet listing cases is available at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. Archives website.","Arranged by topic.","By forms or materials.","Arranged by forms of materials."],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["LEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY 1907 Sept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia 1925 B.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026 Lee\n University 1931 LL.B, Washington \u0026 Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar 1932 LL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026 Parker 1935 Joined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore 1936 Married Josephine Pierce Rucker 1938 Jan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born 1938-1941 Instructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond 1940 Sept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born 1941 Elected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association 1942 Volunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces 1946 Discharged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams 1947 July 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born 1947-1948 Chairman, Richmond Charter Commission 1948-1949 President, Richmond Bar Association 1948-1952 Special Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service 1950 Joined Richmond School Board 1952 Sept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born 1952-1961 Chairman, Richmond School Board 1954 June 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026 Powell 1958 Member of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union 1961-1969 Member of Virginia State Board of\n Education 1962 Represented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation 1964-1965 President, American Bar Association 1965-1966 Member, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor 1965-1967 Member, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice 1967-1968 Member, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission 1969-1970 Member, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers 1969-1971 President, American Bar Foundation 1971 Oct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate 1972 Jan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987 June 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court 1987-1996 Sat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge 1996 July 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died 1997 Jan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed 1998 August 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026amp; L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026amp; L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026amp; L on March 4, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026amp; Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026amp; L law school when he had finished with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026amp; L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026amp; L.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers resided at W \u0026amp; L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026amp; L and from\n his military service were included in this accession.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The portions of these papers, including personal and\n family correspondence, created prior to Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.'s joining the Supreme Court in 1972 were stored in his\n Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm office in the Electric\n Building in Richmond, Virginia or in that firm's storage\n facility known as the Presbyterian Building. Most of these\n pre-court papers were deposited at the Virginia Historical\n Society in August 1983.","In 1988, Justice Powell authorized the writing of his\n biography by University of Virginia (UVA) law professor\n John C. Jeffries Jr. In December 1989, Powell announced his\n decision to leave his papers to Washington and Lee\n University (W \u0026 L) to be housed in a specially\n constructed facility at the School of Law. Before going to\n W \u0026 L, however, personal and professional papers, which\n had been on deposit at the Virginia Historical Society,\n along with selected Supreme Court files, were transferred\n to the UVA School of Law's Special Collections department,\n for use in Professor Jeffries' biography. At Powell's\n request, the papers were housed there in courtesy storage\n for four years. Only Jeffries and his research assistants\n were allowed access to the papers during this period.","Papers from Powell's tenure on the Supreme Court\n (1972-1987) were stored in his chambers and in a storage\n room in the court building. In the Spring of 1989, as part\n of the project mentioned above, Professor Jeffries was\n allowed to have selected files (which were, for the most\n part, files of cases in which Powell wrote the Court\n opinion or a dissenting opinion) shipped to the UVA Law\n Library. Most of the Court files not chosen by Jeffries\n were shipped to W \u0026 L on March 4, 1992.","Powell's son, Lewis F. Powell III, located ten bound\n volumes of his father' s law school notes in a Hunton \u0026\n Williams storage facility in the late 1980's. These volumes\n were kept in Lewis III's Hunton \u0026 Williams office until\n February 1991 when they were shipped to Professor Jeffries\n at the UVA law school. He, in turn, sent them to the W\n \u0026 L law school when he had finished with them.","The papers held in courtesy storage at UVA were moved to\n W \u0026 L in two shipments: September 8, 1992, and August\n 31, 1993. Subsequently some small additions have been\n mailed from the court to W \u0026 L.","On December 3, 1996, all Powell papers remaining at the\n Supreme Court were shipped to Washington and Lee School of\n Law in anticipation of the January 7, 1997 closing of\n Justice Powell's Supreme Court chambers. This shipment of\n 210 cubic feet of materials included: 110 cubic feet of\n papers; the Powell chambers' library; fine art;\n photographs; awards; and artifacts (including Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court bench chair). Most of these papers\n are from after Powell's 1987 retirement from the Supreme\n Court and include extensive documentation of Powell's work\n as an extra judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals.\n Approximately three feet of these papers came from Justice\n and Mrs. Powell's Washington apartment. In February 1999,\n shortly after the chambers closing, a final 16 cu. ft. of\n materials were transferred from the Supreme Court. Of this\n accession, 12 ft. were records and the remaining 4 ft. were\n artifacts.","The papers resided at W \u0026 L School of Law under a\n deposit agreement with Justice Powell. They were opened to\n researchers under the terms of this deposit agreement in\n April 1994. Following the 1998 death of Justice Powell,\n title to the papers passed to the School of Law by terms of\n his will.","In May 1999, approximately 35 cu. ft. of books, papers,\n photographs, and artifacts from Justice Powell's Richmond,\n Virginia home were transferred to the Powell Archives.\n Artifacts from Powell's student days at W \u0026 L and from\n his military service were included in this accession."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLewis F. Powell Jr. Papers, 1921-1998, Ms 001, Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr. Archives, Washington and Lee University,\n Lexington, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers, 1921-1998, Ms 001, Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr. Archives, Washington and Lee University,\n Lexington, VA"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026amp; Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item is a copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlso part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times\n Dispatch\u003c/title\u003eand reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eNote:\u003c/title\u003ePermission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerning the settlement of her\n estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese records are closed to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Clayton E. Williams (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by William H. Moreland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles R. McDowell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Raymon T. Johnson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by William H. Moreland (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTaught by Felix Frankfurter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndianapolis, Indiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia (?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWelcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBroadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReleased for use by the Richmond \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNews Leader\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRadio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRadio address on WLEE.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Richmond, Virginia city government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJunior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommunity Chest, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFaculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOmnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoochland Rotary Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speeches before civic clubs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDraft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eJoint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDraft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSouth Road\n Rotary\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eReport to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file.\u003c/title\u003e, \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington Virginia Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSpeech to Naval\n Unit\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eExcerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOptimist Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eNotes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026amp; 8/3 on\n WRNL.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiami Beach, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJunior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eLecture to\n Associates.\u003c/title\u003eHunton \u0026amp; Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvestment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. Stephen's Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eNorthside\n Teachers.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Public School System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVermont Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoutheastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Mexico Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOklahoma Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelaware Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrinted booklet format.\n \u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKnoxville Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Association, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommittee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNewcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConnecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eTo be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSt. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaw School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFlorida State Bar, Miami, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSociety of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJudiciary Committee of United States\n Senate\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGiven by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKiwanis Club, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAllegheny County Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePress release. \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSubstantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWoman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrepared for publication in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLawyers Title\n News\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLAMP, Cleveland, Ohio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eStatement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHoward College, Birmingham, Alabama\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Carolina Bar\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTown Hall, New York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCountry Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA House of Delegates, New York, City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouse of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJamestown Foundation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFederal Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIndiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumn in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e,\n volumes 50 - 51\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston University\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eExcerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Farm Bureau Federation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTexas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssociation of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCleveland Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLos Angeles County Bar Association\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSoutheastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUniversity of Florida\n Law Review\u003c/title\u003epublished version is\n entitled, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eRespect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e51 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGreat Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference on Law and Poverty\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNinth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCanadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Richmond Law School\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnion Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvard Club of Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e23 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e205 (Fall 1966).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eBuilding Respect\n For Law and Order\u003c/title\u003e) also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKey-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFounder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLecture to firm of Hunton \u0026amp; Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCrime Commission office memorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarvard Law School Class Reunion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTories (?) Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReview of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eABA Journal\u003c/title\u003e, c.\n Nov. 1967.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Jaycees\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eU.S. News \u0026amp; World\n Report\u003c/title\u003e, Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDun's\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThree different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eA Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education\u003c/title\u003e. Printed version also in this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorthside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Board of Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Kiwanis Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCandidate for Virginia Governor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTestimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublic meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Foundation Breakfast.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKey Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eConfidential\n Memorandum.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAs submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePrepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRemarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConvocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Chapter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in June 28, 1971 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e\n Perspectives\u003c/title\u003esection of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubmitted informally to the Attorney\n General.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConfidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eCivil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?\u003c/title\u003e\n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorld War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHistorical Studies \u0026amp; Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUltra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II\u003c/title\u003e. This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026amp; Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmong the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026amp; Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCircuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026amp; Tenth.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpeeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTitled \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eQuestions\n of Comparative Negligence\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Hunton \u0026amp; Williams Cocktail\n Party\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJoint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBased on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSelected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters included in this file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdvisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMade up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLike the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNotes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments by Henry I. Willett.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes memoranda and course outlines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes 1959 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSpong Report\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConsists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFour inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRealizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026amp; Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026amp; Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn four volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026amp; Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026amp; Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026amp; Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePerhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026amp; Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams client.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026amp; Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1994.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1972.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1989.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1973.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1988.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1979.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1974.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1981.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSee also\u003c/emph\u003e10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServed during October Term 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMost of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCovers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Brethren\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAttack On American\n Free Enterprise\u003c/title\u003ememorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinted materials are at the end of this\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHumorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026amp; Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThough Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the contents of these boxes, see \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://https://www.wlu.app.box.com/s/ockkfso2qvvmoz5rwb4za8ozolt1ptan/xlink\u0026#x201D;%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:href=https://wlu.box.com/s/81nuautroe8qu9wg0e53jnbtn7mp95pp%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20xlink:actuate=\u0026#x201C;onrequest\" show=\"new\"\u003ethis spreadsheet\u003c/extref\u003e at the Powell Archives website. \n \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIt is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026amp; 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco, California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEl Paso, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eT.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eVolume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorthwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProvo, Utah.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCollege of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupreme Court Building, Washington, DC\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHouston, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProgram during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUtah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChicago, Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eF Street Club, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrinceton, New Jersey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForeword to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHofstra Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoca Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes papers re session\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouthwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDallas, Texas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalzburg, Austria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemorandum prepared for unknown purpose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemorandum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePreface to \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eissue dedicated to Paulsen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePortsmouth, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eUniversity of\n Pennsylvania Law Review\u003c/title\u003eAnnual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBiloxi, Mississippi.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFranklin, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTribute in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Winter 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eTexas Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003eAugust 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eBaylor Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Fall 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, June 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGreenville, South Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCanadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond Bar Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnited States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest Palm Beach, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity Club, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerican College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBirmingham, Alabama.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIn Search of the\n Constitution\u003c/title\u003e, first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUsed in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make this trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnly Mrs. Powell made this trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStatement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRetirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes membership lists and dinner\n menus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eJustice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr.\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes memo to file of October 14, 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSculpted by George M. Kelly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe the role of the Solicitor General for \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe New\n Yorker\u003c/title\u003emagazine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026amp; Williams is at the end of the\n file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopic discussed is Freeman's \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eJustice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions\u003c/title\u003ein the Spring 1988 \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington and Lee Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026amp;\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSocial Security information for Powell\n maid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican\n Experience\u003c/title\u003eshow about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Magazine of\n History and Biography\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr.\u003c/title\u003econcerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eHabeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePowell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSan Francisco, California\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee also \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D.\u003c/title\u003ein subject files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJames Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStudent Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eConversation At\n Monticello\u003c/title\u003e, Charlottesville,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSocial Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIrving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Richmond School of Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYale Political Union\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington and Lee University School of\n Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHunton \u0026amp; Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrake University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003e\n Time\u003c/title\u003eMagazine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe Powell's World War II Service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican Bar Association\n Journal\u003c/title\u003eInterview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York University Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAmerican Bar Association\n Journal\u003c/title\u003eInterview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eIndiana Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePublished in \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eStanford Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Volume 44, Summer 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSeton Hall Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003ededication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003ededication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDickinson Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorking title of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eHandguns: A Call to\n Arms\u003c/title\u003e. Apparently unpublished.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVolume 50, Number 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHarvard Law\n Review\u003c/title\u003e, Volume 107, Number 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTable of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJustice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSupreme Court -\n 1986 Term\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNational Press Club, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFort Meade, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSilver Springs, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHunt, Texas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarrisonburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJackson, Mississippi\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHarrisonburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada. Includes files on \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eCapital\n Punishment\u003c/title\u003espeech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eToronto, Canada\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCour d'Arlene, Idaho\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCambridge, Massachusetts\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Haven, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoca Raton, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003e/The Supreme\n Court\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSalt Lake City, Utah\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Haven, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAtlanta, Georgia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York City. Includes speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eStare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint,\u003c/title\u003eand drafts of\n speech.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Orleans, Louisiana\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrake University, Des Moines, Iowa\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHobe Sound, Florida\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNorfolk, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColumbus, Ohio\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHollins, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew York University School of Law, New York\n City\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHonolulu, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHartford, Connecticut\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make the trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDid not make trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaui, Hawaii\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePotomac, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLexington, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHollins, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrookville, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHilton Head, South Carolina\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eChanges In the\n Practice of Law\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBaltimore, Maryland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVirginia Beach, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C. Includes speech, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eA Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliamsburg, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWashington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBox 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eDemocrats for\n Eisenhower\u003c/title\u003e, 1952 \u0026amp; 1956.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003ePowell Chambers\n Library\u003c/title\u003eas a title search.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 3.1 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRing-tum\n Phi\u003c/title\u003e,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026amp; November 10, 1971; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eW \u0026amp; L Law\n News\u003c/title\u003e, March 30, 1989; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eSouthern School\n News\u003c/title\u003e, March 1956; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n Mercury\u003c/title\u003e, March 20, 1974; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Daily\n Record\u003c/title\u003e, May 26, 1941; \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond\n News-Leader\u003c/title\u003e, November 21, 1956\n (part).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting by or about Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelated to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords and briefs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eSquiggle\u003c/title\u003e,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGown, two caps and hood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstitutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eIt's the Only\n Way\u003c/title\u003eby Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eArguing the Parson's\n Cause\u003c/title\u003eby George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Lewis F. Powell Jr. Papers document the life of this\n Richmond, Virginia attorney and Associate Justice of the\n United States Supreme Court. The papers span the years\n 1921-1998(some few items of family history pre-date this\n period)and document his legal career; military service in\n World War II; leadership positions in varied civic and\n professional organizations; and friendships and family\n relations. Documentation of his work as an attorney is\n limited, as client files remain with his former law firm,\n Hunton \u0026 Williams. At one hundred forty two cubic feet,\n Supreme Court case files, 1972-1987, constitute almost half of\n the collection.","The Biographical Materials fill two five-inch boxes.\n The series Biographical \u0026 Historical Memoranda is of\n special interest. Many of these memoranda express the\n common theme of Powell's concern about historical\n misinterpretation of his actions. This concern is most\n strongly expressed in his memoranda dealing with the\n desegregation of Richmond schools during his school\n board presidency.","This is a copy annotated by Lewis F. Powell Jr.\n in 1984.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This is a copy. The original was transferred to\n the Virginia Historical Society in 2002.","This item is a copy.","This series spans more years than any other\n portion of the papers, covering the entire period\n during which Powell practiced law.","Subject correspondence is a series dealing\n primarily with topics rather than individuals.\n These topics range from congratulatory and \"get\n well\" correspondence to exchanges about national\n defense, the interposition doctrine as espoused by\n \"massive resistors\" of the 1950's, and atomic\n energy contracts (\"Dixon-Yates Controversy\").","The \"Interposition\" file includes letters of\n congratulations following Powell's January 16,\n 1956 Commonwealth Club debate with James J.\n Kilpatrick, and a never mailed twelve page letter\n to Virginia's Governor Stanley. This file\n complements the 1956 interposition file in Series\n 2.4 (speeches, statements and writings) which\n contains his never-published article on\n interposition.","Also part of this subseries are letters\n received in response to Powell's 1971 article,\n published in the \n Richmond Times\n Dispatch and reprinted elsewhere, entitled\n \"Civil Repression: Fact Or Fiction.\" This was the\n last piece he wrote for publication before his\n nomination to the Supreme Court.","There are separate subseries for each of the\n years noted above. In some cases there are\n \"general\" files followed by alphabetical\n arrangements of the letters of friends and\n associates. There are name indicies for these at the Powell Archives website. ","Family Papers contains the subseries:\n correspondence, subject files, financial and legal\n papers, and health records. RESTRICTION: Access to\n distinct portions of this series is restricted.\n Contact the Powell Archives for details.","The subseries Correspondence is divided into\n the following categories: a) with Powell's wife\n and children b) about his children c) with his\n parents, his stepmother, and his wife's family\n d) with Powell's brother and sisters and their\n spouses e) with other close relatives","The correspondence \"a) With Wife and\n Children\" is further divided into separate\n chronologically arranged files for his wife and\n each of the children. There are also files\n devoted to letters addressed to more than one\n of the children.","The subseries of correspondence with\n Powell's wife, Jo, includes World War II\n letters along with a smattering from other\n periods. The correspondence with the children\n is extensive. Work forced Powell to be away\n from home frequently. Even when working in\n Richmond, his long hours sometimes limited his\n contact with his family. Thus the letters--and\n memoranda--to his children fill three cubic\n feet. He never stinted on giving advice,\n whether reviewing film of his son's baseball\n batting stance, considering a daughter's choice\n of dates, or setting down after school rules\n for study and exercise. These letters mixing\n expressions of his concern and advice with\n equal amounts of pride and affection continued\n with increased frequency as the children left\n home for college and established their own\n careers. When, in time, they married and had\n children of their own, a new generation was\n introduced to Powell's advice via\n correspondence. His interest in and concern for\n his children also accounts for the\n correspondence \"re children.\"","In addition to writing to each of his\n children individually, Powell frequently wrote\n letters addressed to all of the children and\n their families during his tenure on the Supreme\n Court. These letters, of course, reported news\n about all of the children, their spouses, and\n the grandchildren, and included unsolicited\n advice to all. They served two other purposes,\n as well. Because of his position on the Court,\n Justice Powell no longer felt free to discuss\n politics and world affairs with friends and\n associates. He used these letters as safe and\n confidential vehicles to vent his opinions on\n social and political matters. The letters also\n form a kind of diary of Powell's time in\n Washington. He emphasized the social aspects of\n his and Mrs. Powell's life. A typical letter\n might include an account of a White House state\n dinner, a listing of Mrs. Powell's club\n activities and the names of neighbors and\n dignitaries who had recently dined in the\n Powells' apartment. Though he never divulged\n his or the court's thinking on pending cases,\n he distributed slip opinions to all of the\n children after decisions were announced. (He\n discussed his Supreme Court opinions at greater\n length in correspondence addressed individually\n to Molly and, especially, to Lewis during their\n respective times in law school.) He did\n occasionally discuss personalities on the\n court, and his basic approach to deciding\n cases.","The name of this correspondent - Powell's\n middle daughter - was Ann Pendleton\n (Penny)Powell Carmody from 1963-1992. From\n 1993 until her death, her name was been Penny Bowen.","Correspondence with spouse is included\n here. Separate file concerning the 1979\n death of E. Angus Powell follows general\n correspondence.","Correspondence with spouse Kenneth Lane\n is included here. Separate file concerning\n the 1995 death of Zoe Powell follows the\n general correspondence.","This is the spouse of Eleanor Dewey.","The Subject Files are dominated by\n correspondence and records concerning Bear Island,\n a plantation in Hanover County, Virginia that had\n been the childhood home of Powell's mother, Mary\n Lewis Gwathmey. Powell spent much time there as a\n child, as did his children, in their turn. Later\n it served as a family retreat and gathering place.\n Powell's painful--and later regretted--decision to\n sell this property is extensively documented here.\n Also present in this subseries are records of the\n Powells' 1969 African safari, including Josephine\n R. Powell's diary of the experience.","Note: Permission of\n the archivist is required before using these\n records.","In addition to general records, the \"Financial\n and Legal Papers\" include files specifically about\n contributions, insurance, investments, real estate\n holdings, bank borrowing, tax returns, trusts and\n wills. As one would expect, the \"Memos to\n Executors\" that accompany Powell's wills contain\n information on such subjects as Powell's complex\n finances and his wife's separate estate. Also\n present, however, are letters to his wife\n expressing his hopes for his children's futures,\n detailed funeral and burial plans, and mention of\n some records management decisions he had made\n concerning his Supreme Court papers.","The \"Real Estate\" records form the largest\n portion of this subseries. Real property holdings\n of Powell's wife and mother-in-law are treated\n here, as are properties he owned jointly with his\n wife. Properties he owned in his own right and\n through his development company, Huguenot Land\n Corporation, are also documented.","The \"Trusts\" deal with legal instruments for\n both Powell's own family members, and the children\n of Powell's World War II friend, Lowell P.\n Weicker. Powell was the executor of the Weicker\n trusts.","Concerning the settlement of her\n estate.","These records are closed to researchers.","Records re Education, (2 cu.ft.) consists\n primarily of notes taken in class and in preparation\n for class while Powell studied in the law schools of\n Washington and Lee University and Harvard University.\n The professors' names, when known, are included in\n the container list with the corresponding notes. Bar\n review notes and some exams are also present.\n Powell's undergraduate thesis is included with legal\n education materials, as he was already taking law\n classes in his late undergraduate days in order to\n finish both degrees in six years. There are also some\n writing assignments from his prep school days at\n McGuire School.","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by Clayton E. Williams (?)","Taught by William H. Moreland","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles R. McDowell","Taught by Charles P. Light, Jr.\n (?)","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by Raymon T. Johnson","Taught by William H. Moreland (?)","Written for Prof. Dodds' Seminar in\n Corporate Finance","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Chafee","Taught by Felix Frankfurter.","Includes exam. Taught by Prof. Dodd","Includes exam. Taught by Roscoe\n Pound.","Speeches, Statements, and Writings (7 cu.ft.),\n includes: lists of selected speeches; the speeches\n and writings themselves; and materials related to the\n speeches and writings. This last category includes:\n drafts; correspondence about travel and publication\n arrangements; and research materials.","A frequent public speaker throughout his career,\n no one knows how many speeches Powell delivered. The\n speeches and writings in this subseries--and\n throughout these papers--should not be considered as\n the complete body of Powell's work. References are\n made throughout the papers to speeches not found\n here. Certain other portions of these papers contain\n speeches and informal talks which are not present in\n this series. (See also: Speeches, Interviews and\n Writings series in United States Supreme Court and\n Retirement subgroups for speeches made after\n 1971.)","One folder containing lists of selected speeches\n precedes the speeches themselves. These lists\n represent at least three unpublished compilations of\n Powell speeches. One was made just before Powell\n became American Bar Association President-Elect. The\n second was done immediately following Powell's ABA\n Presidency. The last was assembled for his Supreme\n Court nomination hearings.","Talk to the Omnibus Club, Richmond,\n Virginia,","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Virginia State Bar Association,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia","Indianapolis, Indiana","Richmond, Virginia (?)","Alexandria Bar Association, Alexandria,\n Virginia","AMVETS at the Mosque, Richmond, Virginia","American Legion Post 200 at the John\n Marshall Hotel, Richmond, Virginia","WMBG radio station, Richmond, Virginia","Welcome on behalf of the Bar Association of\n the City of Richmond.","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Statement On Behalf of the Bar Association\n of the City of Richmond","Broadcast from Richmond, Virginia radio\n station WRVA.","Re Charter of the City of Richmond,\n Virginia.","Released for use by the Richmond \n News Leader .","Radio address on behalf of Richmond Charter\n Commission.","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Radio address on WLEE.","Re Richmond, Virginia city government.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","West End Businessmens' Association,\n Richmond, Virginia.","For broadcast over WRVA, Richmond,\n Virginia.","The English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Community Chest, Richmond, Virginia.","Faculty of Binford Junior High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Talk to reserve unit, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Omnibus Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Goochland Rotary Club.","Notes for speeches before civic clubs.","Delivered at Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.\n See also Dixon-Yates correspondence file in\n 2.1.2.","Richmond, Virginia.","Draft of article\n prepared for Va Law Review but was not\n submitted ...","Richmond, Virginia.","University of Virginia.","Joint Committee\n Session (ABA), Niblett Hall, London\n (England, July 26, 1957","Draft of\n introductory material for ABA Journal\n presentation of speeches delivered at\n Westminster Hall","Forum Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Statement by Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr., Chairman, Richmond Public\n School Board.","Richmond Public School teachers. A printed\n version is also in this file.","Richmond, Virginia.","South Road\n Rotary","Report to Richmond\n Public School Board on Visit To Soviet Union. Printed\n version included in this file. , ","Arlington Virginia Bar Association","Speech before Richmond Branch, Virginia\n Society of Professional Engineers.","Speech to Naval\n Unit","Rotary Club (Richmond, Virginia ?)","Excerpts from\n talk to Alexandria Education\n Association.","Optimist Club, Richmond, Virginia","Notes for Guy\n Friddell's Program. Used as rough notes for\n radio programs on 7/27 \u0026 8/3 on\n WRNL.","Virginia Bar Association, Greenbrier, West\n Virginia.","Notes for Virinia Bar Association panel on\n legal education, Greenbrier, West Virginia.","Miami Beach, Florida","Richmond, Virginia","Junior Chamber of Commerce, Richmond,\n Virginia","Chesapeak Corporation of Virginia, West Point,\n Virginia","Notes for panel discussion sponsored by\n Junior League, Richmond, Virginia.","Lexington, Virginia","Notes on panel program. National School\n Boards Association Meeting, Chicago,\n Illinois.","Notes for speech at Hampden-Sydney\n College.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Virginia School Board Association Annual\n Meeting, Roanoke, Virginia.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association.","Lecture to\n Associates. Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Investment Bankers Association of America,\n Southeastern Group, Hot Springs, Virginia.","St. Stephen's Church.","Northside\n Teachers.","Richmond Public School System.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC.","Vermont Bar Association","Lecture to Senior Government Classes, George\n Wythe High School.","Southeastern Association of School Business\n Officials, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia Social Science Associations,\n University of Virginia.","Commemorative Ceremony in honor of General\n Lee, Stratford Hall.","Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Institute. Includes some\n research materials.","New Mexico Bar.","Oklahoma Bar Association","Delaware Bar Association","Pamphlet published by the American Bar\n Association.","Printed booklet format.\n ","Prepared for\n Delivery to Strategy Seminar of Omaha\n Chamber of commerce, Omaha, Nebraska","Knoxville Bar Association","Federal Bar Association, Washington, DC","Virginia Bar Association","National Conference of Bar Presidents.\n Golden Gate Room, Del Webb Towne House.","Committee on Education In the Contrast\n Between Liberty Under Law and Communism","Grace Covenant Church, Richmond,\n Virginia","Newcomen Society Dinner, Richmond,\n Virginia","Connecticut State Bar Association, Hartford,\n Connecticut","Virginia Parents-Teachers Association,\n Richmond, Virginia","Virginia Education Association, Richmond,\n Virginia","To be reviewed\n and placed in final form by ABA Committee on\n Economics of Law Practice","St. Christopher School, Richmond,\n Virginia","Law School, University of South Carolina,\n Columbia, South Carolina","Florida State Bar, Miami, Florida","Society of Sons of Colonial Wars, Richmond,\n Virginia","Judiciary Committee of United States\n Senate","Mississippi State Bar, Jackson,\n Mississippi","Federal Bar Foundation, Washington, DC","NACCA Convention, Minneapolis, Minnesota","ABA Meeting, Chicago, Illinois","Given by Traffic Court Program of the\n American Bar Association; Richmond,\n Virginia","Kiwanis Club, Washington, DC","Allegheny County Bar Association","Press release. \n Substantially as\n prepared by L.F.P., Jr. and approved by Board\n of Governors of ABA .","Woman's Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Memo to W. Tayloe Murphy, Jr. asking for\n draft of speech.","Prepared for publication in \n Lawyers Title\n News","Conference of National Organizations,\n Chicago, Illinois.","LAMP, Cleveland, Ohio","Statement by\n Lewis F. Powell Jr.","Howard College, Birmingham, Alabama","Kentucky State Bar Association, Louisville,\n Kentucky","South Carolina Bar","Town Hall, New York City","Country Day School for Girls, Virginia\n Beach, Virginia","Pennsylvania Bar Association, Erie,\n Pennsylvania","National Institute of Bar Public Relations,\n Waldorf Hotel, New York","ABA House of Delegates, New York, City","Annual Banquet, American Bar Association,\n New York, NY","House of Delegates, American Bar\n Association, New York, NY","Jamestown Foundation","Federal Bar Association","Indiana State Bar Association, Fort Wayne,\n Indiana","State Bar of Michigan, Grand Rapids,\n Michigan","Column in \n ABA Journal ,\n volumes 50 - 51","State Bar New Mexico, Santa Fe, New\n Mexico","ABA Regional Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia","Boston University","Excerpts of talk\n to Nebraska Bar Association","Oklahoma Bar Association, Tulsa,\n Oklahoma","American Farm Bureau Federation","Texas Bill of Rights Foundation, Houston,\n Texas","Association of American Law Schools,\n Chicago, Illinois","Dade County Bar Association, Miami,\n Florida","Maryland State Bar Association, Baltimore,\n Maryland","ABA House of Delegates, New Orleans,\n Louisiana","Charter Day Conference on Magna Carta\n Anniversary, College of William and Mary,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Published version is\n also in this file.","Cleveland Bar Association","New York Bar speech of January 29, 1965,\n revised for submission to \n ABA Journal","San Francisco Bar Association and Lawyers\n Club of San Francisco","Los Angeles County Bar Association","Southeastern Electric Exchange, Boca Raton,\n Florida","American College of Trial Lawyers, Biloxi,\n Mississippi","University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.\n University of Florida\n Law Review published version is\n entitled, \n Respect for Law and\n Due Process - The Foundation of Free\n Society","Dedication of Bar Center, Jefferson, Missouri","Joint Meeting ABA and IABA, San Juan, Puerto\n Rico","51 \n ABA Journal 437\n (May 1965). Based on address to New York Bar\n Association, January 29, 1965.","Great Hall of the Law Courts, London,\n England.","National Conference on Law and Poverty","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, White\n Sulpher Springs, West Virginia","State Bar of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas","Virginia State Bar Association, Hot Springs,\n Virginia","Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference, Sun\n Valley, Idaho. Version published in 23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 1 (Spring 1966, is also in this\n file.","ABA President's Annual Address, Miami Beach,\n Florida.","ABA Section of Legal Education, Miami Beach,\n Florida","Canadian Bar Association, Toronto,\n Canada","University of Richmond Law School","Union Theological Seminary, Richmond,\n Virginia","Yale Political Union, New Haven,\n Connecticut","Commonwealth Club, Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Harvard Club of Virginia","Virginia Association of Colleges, Arlington,\n Virginia","Virginia State Crime Clinic, Richmond,\n Virginia","23 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review 205 (Fall 1966).","Richmond Kiwanis Club, Richmond,\n Virginia","Virginia Manufacturers Association,\n Williamsburg, Virginia. Printed version ( \n Building Respect\n For Law and Order ) also in this\n file.","Key-note speech, opening of Democratic\n headquarters of Byrd-Spong campaign.","Founder's Day, Wake Forest College, Winston\n Salem, North Carolina.","Lecture to firm of Hunton \u0026 Williams,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Crime Commission office memorandum.","National Conference of Bar Presidents,\n Houston, Texas.","The Business Council, The Homestead, Hot\n Springs, Virginia.","Harvard Law School Class Reunion.","Tories (?) Club.","Conference of Financial Executives,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Review of book by Walter V. Schaefer for \n ABA Journal , c.\n Nov. 1967.","Richmond Jaycees","Southern Company Conference of Directors and\n Executives, Clear Point, Alabama. Printed\n version from \n U.S. News \u0026 World\n Report , Oct. 30, 1967 is also in this\n file.","American Bar Association.","Phi Beta Kappa Lecture, University of\n Virginia.","Published in the \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch .","For \n Dun's\n Review .","Three different printed versions of the\n speech delivered at the 62nd Annual Convention\n Virginia Retail Merchants Association,\n Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A Project Approved\n by the Virginia State Board of\n Education . Printed version also in this\n file.","American Association of State Colleges and\n Universities, Washington, DC.","Bank Directors Seminar, University of\n Virginia.","Northside Teachers, Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia State Board of Education.","Richmond Kiwanis Club.","Chamber of Commerce, Kenbridge,\n Virginia.","Virginia State Bar.","Candidate for Virginia Governor.","American Bar Association House of Delegates,\n Dallas, Texas.","Thomas Jefferson Award Speech, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Testimonial dinner for Judge C. H.\n Morrissett.","Public meeting, Richmond Junior League,\n Richmond, Virginia.","American Bar Foundation Breakfast.","Key Club, Thomas Jefferson High School,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Confidential\n Memorandum.","As submitted to\n President Nixon on a Confidential Basis\n while serving as member of Blue Ribbon\n Defense Panel.","Southern Industrial Relations Conference,\n Blue Mountain, North Carolina.","Prepared as\n notes for argument, but oral argument not\n allowed by the Supreme Court.","Remarks in support of Sen. Harry F. Byrd,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Convocation Address, Longwood College,\n Farmville, Virginia.","Richmond Chapter.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","United Virginia Bankshares Meeting,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Published in June 28, 1971 \n \n Perspectives section of \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","Submitted informally to the Attorney\n General.","Confidential Memorandum to Eugene B. Sydnor,\n Jr., Chairman Education Committee, U.S. Chamber\n of Commerce.","Notes for speech.","16 rpm audio recording disc containing a\n dictated draft is stored separately for\n preservation purposes.","Civil Disobedience:\n Prelude to Revolution?","Powell changed plans and did not speak at\n this event.","The subgroup Military Service Papers, (3 cu.ft.)\n includes series of records and papers concerning: World\n War II; Powell's postwar military associations; and his\n participation in historical studies of World War II.","World War II Service series, includes subseries of\n diaries, a record volume, Powell's \"201\" file,\n correspondence, reports, training materials, and\n printed materials and memorabilia. The Post World War\n II series includes subseries dealing with the Air\n Force Association and the Air Force Reserve.","Historical Studies \u0026 Interviews contains\n materials from thirty years and more after Powell\n left active service. The allies' ability to break the\n German Ultra code remained a U.S. government security\n classified secret until the mid-1970's. Powell never\n spoke or wrote about these activities during this\n period of secrecy. When the activities of Powell and\n his cohorts became declassified public knowledge,\n there followed a period of intense interest on the\n part of the news media and historians.","Finally able to talk publicly, Powell eagerly\n corresponded with historians and former associates.\n He offered several authors extensive assistance and\n granted oral history interviews in his Supreme Court\n chambers. One of these projects culminated in the\n publication of \n Ultra and the Army Air Forces\n in World War II . This work, subtitled An\n Interview with Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme\n Court Lewis F. Powell, Jr., was published by the\n Office of Air Force History. Memoranda, notes and\n diary entries from the first series of this subgroup\n appear as appendices in this book.","Though Powell spent thirty-eight years at Hunton\n \u0026 Williams the subgroup, Law Firm (Hunton \u0026\n Williams) Records (5.5 cu. ft.), is not extensive. For\n reasons of client confidentiality and corporate records\n management, all of his client files remained with the\n firm's records. (For records of Powell's lawyering, see\n the civic and corporate series of the Board Memberships\n subgroup.) What can be found here is a small series of\n correspondence on two specific topics, memoranda, a\n forms file containing exemplar legal documents, some few\n firm financial statements, and \"housekeeping\" records.\n This last mentioned series contains what are potentially\n the most interesting materials in the subgroup. The\n \"Time Tickets, 1956-1971\" form a record of how Powell\n expended his billable and pro bono hours. His personal\n calendars show his appointments from 1949 to 1971.","This subseries comprises exemplar contracts and\n other legal instruments.","These are index cards. The other two\n indicies are in book format.","The subgroup Professional Associations (35 cu. ft.)\n contains Powell's files concerning his memberships, and\n the offices he held, in a variety of legal\n associations.","American Bar Association includes records from the\n time Powell joined the ABA's Junior Bar Conference in\n 1937 until he joined the Supreme Court. His extensive\n committee work records, alone, run some nine feet.\n Powell's service in a variety of offices is\n documented here. These include: chairman of the\n Junior Bar Conference; member of the House of\n Delegates and Board of Governors; president-elect;\n and president. There is also a long run of general\n correspondence from 1952 to 1971.","Among the voluminous committee records, those\n pertaining to the Economics of Law Practice Committee\n are especially notable. Powell had a career long\n interest in improving law firm management, as can be\n seen in several of his speeches. The first ABA\n Lawyer's Handbook was published under Powell's\n chairmanship of this committee.","The campaign that made Powell president-elect was\n hard fought, as had been his first election for the\n House of Delegates. It is interesting to note the\n similarities between the meticulous planning and the\n gathering of endorsements in these campaigns, and the\n later preparation for his Supreme Court nomination\n hearings. Powell may have learned important lessons\n in his work on the ABA presidential campaigns on\n behalf of his fellow Washington \u0026 Lee alumnus and\n friend Ross Malone. Records from these Malone\n campaigns are present, as well.","Powell's presidential papers are dominated by\n documentation of the agenda he brought to this\n office: legal ethics reform, legal services to the\n poor and the establishment of standards for the\n administration of criminal justice. During his time\n in the ABA's top office, he also played a vital role\n in passage of the Twenty-fifth Amendment to the\n Constitution regarding presidential disability and\n succession.","Powell also used his influence in the ABA as an\n opportunity to promote the establishment in schools\n and colleges of educational programs about communism.\n This is reflected, not only in his presidential\n papers, but throughout his ABA records. In 1961,\n Powell introduced a resolution in the House of\n Delegates calling for \"adequate instruction in the\n history, doctrines, objectives and techniques of\n Communism.\" He chaired the special committee\n established to implement this resolution. In 1962,\n this committee published the pamphlet \"Instruction on\n Communism and Its Contrast With Liberty Under Law.\"\n All of this is extensively documented here.","Powell made hundreds of speeches as\n president-elect and president. He had these bound\n into two record volumes which are in this subseries.\n Volume II includes clippings. Hundreds of additional,\n loose clippings are here, as well.","Circuits represented: Second, Third,\n Fourth, Seventh, Ninth \u0026 Tenth.","Speeches are by others than Lewis F.\n Powell, Jr.","Titled \n Questions\n of Comparative Negligence","Re Hunton \u0026 Williams Cocktail\n Party","American Bar Foundation series includes two\n subseries: general papers and papers about Powell's\n presidency from 1969-1971. The relationship of the\n American Bar Foundation to the American Bar\n Association is a frequent topic in these papers.","American College of Trial Lawyers series is\n similar in content and arrangement to the ABF series.\n A significant difference is that the papers from\n Powell's time as president of this organization\n (1969-1970) are not segregated from those concerning\n his general membership. Subseries include:\n correspondence, 1958-1971; committees; meetings;\n subject files; and printed materials.","National Center for State Courts treats Powell's\n membership on the steering committee of this\n organization. The committee was responsible for\n organizing the center as a nonprofit corporation.\n This work included preparing the charter and\n determining the method of trustee selection.","Richmond Bar Association (known as the Bar\n Association of the City of Richmond until around\n 1960) series is less than four inches of\n correspondence and records. In addition to a twenty\n year run of general correspondence, there is\n correspondence about Powell's role in the successful\n 1954 campaign to have his law school classmate,\n Walter E. Hoffman, nominated for the newly created\n position of U.S. District Judge for the Eastern\n District of Virginia. The general correspondence for\n 1947-1948 deals with Powell's service as president\n during that time.","Virginia State Bar Association series is one foot\n of correspondence, committee files and printed\n materials. Powell served on the Executive Committee\n and also co-chaired the committee that planned the\n ceremony at Jamestown (May 1959) commemorating the\n advent of common law in North America in 1607. The\n committee's work is thoroughly documented in this\n series. Records of Powell's other committee work are\n here, as is a run of general correspondence spanning\n the years 1948-1970.","This series includes two folders of general\n correspondence and a dozen case files. Attorney\n General Tom Clark appointed Powell Special Assistant\n to the Attorney General to act in the Eastern\n District of Virginia as Hearing Officer under section\n 6 (j) of the Selective Service Act of 1948. In this\n unpaid capacity, Powell was to help in determining\n \"the character and good faith\" of those registrants\n claiming to be conscientiously opposed to\n participation in war.","Joint Civilian Defense Orientation Conference is\n three inches of correspondence and printed materials\n concerning Powell's participation in this May 2-11,\n 1957 conference. Selected civilians were flown to\n various U.S. military bases where they witnessed\n demonstrations and exercises. The aim was to give the\n conferees an overall acquaintance with the national\n defense program and to invite their views on the\n defense effort.","Attorney General's Conference on Court Congestion\n and Delay In Litigation is one inch of correspondence\n and printed materials concerning Powell's work on\n this conference, created by the Attorney General of\n the United States. The aim of this group was to\n generate ideas and lend support to legislative\n efforts designed to improve the administration of\n justice. State committees were formed to support more\n day-to-day activities, and Powell also served on the\n Virginia committee.","President's Commission On Law Enforcement and\n Administration of Justice(1.75 cu.ft.) begins with a\n record volume comprising correspondence, memoranda,\n report drafts, and a printed copy of the supplemental\n statement to the commission's report. Some of the\n contents of this volume are duplicated in the unbound\n records that follow. These other records include\n subseries of correspondence, memoranda, notes,\n chapter drafts of the report, drafts of the\n supplemental statement and a printed version of the\n report. Miscellaneous documents, printed materials,\n and clippings complete the series.","Based on the awareness of the crime problem that\n Powell had articulated in many of his speeches as ABA\n President, President Johnson appointed Powell to this\n commission. Though this diverse committee agreed on\n many solutions to the crime problem, there were\n differences among the commissioners. Powell's\n differing views on the questions of wire tapping and\n certain Supreme Court decisions led to his drafting\n of the \"Supplemental Statement on Constitutional\n Limitations,\" published over the names of seven\n commission members.","Powell anticipated criticism of the\n inconsistencies between the views expressed in his\n work on this commission and some of his Supreme Court\n opinions. In an annotation (written after Powell was\n appointed to the Supreme Court) to the introduction\n to the record volume in this series he wrote, \"When I\n accepted appointment to this Commission I knew little\n criminal law as I never practiced it . . . and some\n of my views have changed.\"","Selected correspondence, memoranda and\n commission reports bound by the donor.","Blue Ribbon Defense Panel (1.66 cu.ft.) contains\n the records of Powell's service on the commission\n President Nixon created to recommend reforms in the\n structure and operation of the Pentagon. It was to\n evaluate the organization and management of the\n Department of Defense, but not delve into questions\n of broad national policy. This body was formed in the\n face of mounting criticism of cost overruns in\n weapons systems and the stalemate in Vietnam.","As in his work on the crime commission, Powell\n expressed his views separately from those of the\n panel's report. This time these expressions took two\n forms. The first was Powell's thirty-five page\n statement (signed by seven of the sixteen panelists),\n \"Shifting Balance of Military Power.\" Drafts and\n three different printed versions are included in\n subseries 5.5(c) \"Supplemental Statement.\" The other\n separate expression was Powell's reaction to the war\n in Vietnam. This was sent confidentially to President\n Nixon as the memorandum, \"Political Warfare.\" A draft\n and final version are included under that title in\n the 5.4 Subject Files. (Another copy is in the\n \"Speeches, Statements and Writings\" series of the II.\n Personal Papers).","Forms of materials which make up this subseries\n include: correspondence; memoranda; notes; subject\n files; drafts and printed versions of the report; and\n printed materials. The Commission's Southeast Asian,\n European and NORAD inspection trips are documented in\n the subject files.","Some letters included in this file.","Advisory Commission of the Federal Judicial Center\n is one file consisting of a few letters about\n Powell's appointment to this commission. Within weeks\n of this appointment, Powell was nominated to the\n Supreme Court, effectively ending his service.","Comprises the records (6.75 cu. ft.) of ten\n governmental and charitable organizations serving the\n Richmond area or the Commonwealth of Virginia, with\n which Powell was associated.","Contains general correspondence; bylaws and\n minutes; and publications by the Chamber. One\n subseries contains Powell's papers as President of\n the Chamber of Commerce in 1950. These consist of\n correspondence; subject files; and speeches,\n statements and writings.","Made up of correspondence; speeches and\n statements; lists of persons who testified about the\n charter; and clippings. Powell's service on this\n commission was his only venture into electoral\n politics. Richmond had an ineffective form of\n government based on a federal model--a bicameral city\n council and a mayor with veto power. State law\n authorized the election of a charter commission to\n propose a new form of government, to be submitted to\n the electorate by referendum. Powell was elected to\n the Commission and chosen as chairman by his fellow\n commissioners. The city manager style of government\n proposed by the commission was enacted by referendum\n on November 7, 1947.","This one folder consists of correspondence and\n reports.","Anyone delving into the Richmond School Board\n series with the hope of finding thorough\n documentation of the desegregation of Richmond public\n schools, or of Powell's contemporaneous thoughts on\n desegregated education, is bound to be disappointed.\n There is documentation of the desegregation struggle,\n but it is mostly limited to newspaper clippings.\n There is expression of Powell's thinking on race, but\n it is mostly from the perspective of a 1975 Supreme\n Court Justice, whose social views had markedly\n changed in the intervening decades.","Like the other parts of this series, the bulk of\n the contents of the record volume are devoted to the\n budgetary process, teacher salaries, raising the\n quality of education and the inclusion of education\n against communism in the school curriculum. Powell\n speeches on educational matters are also present.","The titles of the various parts of the\n correspondence subseries mirror interests and\n activities noted in the record volume: General;\n Course on International Communism; Report on Trip to\n Russia; and Speech to Richmond Public School\n Teachers. The \"Trip to Russia,\" in the subseries\n title above, was Powell's visit in the summer of 1958\n with a delegation of lawyers representing the\n American Bar Association. They attended conferences\n and exchanged views with Soviet lawyers and judges.\n Upon his return, Powell spoke and wrote about his\n experiences in a variety of settings. The same month\n he returned from this trip, August 1958, he reported\n to the Richmond School Board. The Board published the\n report in pamphlet form under the title, \"Soviet\n Education--A Means Towards World Domination: Report\n on Trip to Soviet Union (July - August 1958).\" The\n \"Trip to Russia\" correspondence consists of cover\n letters which accompanied some of the distributed\n copies of the reports and thank you letters from\n recipients of the report.","There are also subseries of speeches, statements,\n subject files, printed materials and clippings. The\n folder titles in the container list for the speeches,\n statements and subject files generally reveal their\n contents. The \"Desegregation--General\" subject file\n consists mostly of speeches and statements by persons\n other than Powell. The \"Desegregation--Chandler\n School\" subject file contains correspondence from\n homeowners living near that school. There is no\n record here of the debate at which Powell silenced\n the crowd trying to prevent black attorney Oliver\n Hill from speaking. The \"Desegregation--Lawsuits\"\n file contains documents regarding legal actions taken\n by \"certain Negro children and their parents\" in\n which the school board was named.","The \"Publications by Richmond Public Schools\"\n include: City of Richmond Superintendent of Schools\n annual reports for the years 1950, 1951 and 1954; and\n the pamphlet, \"Quality in Education: A National\n Necessity,\" the printed version of Powell's February\n 1958 address to Richmond Public School teachers.","Letters, memoranda, reports and clippings\n assembled and bound by Powell. Includes Powell's\n annotations both contemporaneous and from later\n periods. There is a 1975 introduction by\n Powell.","ABA Committee Conference with Educators,\n Washington, DC","Notes for Speech, Federal Bar Association,\n Washington, DC","Comments by Henry I. Willett.","Includes memoranda and course outlines.","Includes 1959 \n Spong Report","Consists of 1.5 inches of correspondence about\n Powell's service on this body. Most of the letters\n concern notices of, and preparations for upcoming\n meetings.","Four inches of correspondence and memoranda from\n Powell's membership in this private group of\n businessmen organized to promote industrial\n development in the state. Also included is a June\n 1980 informal history of the group documenting its\n role in opposing massive resistance. This was written\n by the group's former chairman--and former Norfolk\n and Western Railway Company president--Stuart\n Saunders.","Realizing that few businesses would come to\n Virginia until the school crisis was resolved, the\n group held a dinner meeting on December 19, 1958,\n attended by the Governor, Lieutenant Governor and\n Attorney General, at which the relationship of the\n school crisis to industrial development was\n discussed. Though Powell was out of town at the time\n of the meeting, his memorandum of December 15, 1958\n to Saunders and vice- chairman J. Harvie Wilkinson\n suggested how the group's presentation to the high\n state officials should proceed.","One folder of correspondence. The topic of most of\n the letters is fund raising.","One foot of correspondence, speeches, subject\n files, printed materials and clippings from Powell's\n service on this board. Powell shared the board's\n interest in many areas including: raising the level\n of public education, the role of public television in\n the classroom, continuing education of teachers and\n research in education. All of these topics are\n documented here.","As President of the State Board of Education in\n the socially tumultuous year of 1968, Powell wrote\n the pamphlet, \"Citizenship Education as Law;\n Disorder, Extremism and Civil Disobedience.\" It was\n published and distributed by the board as part of the\n Citizenship Education Project initiated by Powell.\n Included here are correspondence, minutes and\n documentation of the \"Citizenship Education\n Project.\"","As in the Richmond School Board papers, the area\n of racial desegregation, which formed the backdrop to\n this entire period, is only lightly documented here.\n As the Virginia General Assembly had directed the\n state board to authorize local school boards to\n resume control of pupil placement, few records\n concerning desegregation were created by state board\n members.","The subject file \"Prince Edward County School\n Board Suit\" does involve state board action in\n desegregation. This file includes a 1961 memorandum\n prepared by Powell's Hunton \u0026 Williams law firm\n partner George C. Freeman, Jr. This document is\n notable for two reasons. The topic, \"The State Board\n of Education's Power to Operate Free Public Schools\n In Localities Where Local School Boards Cannot or\n Will Not Continue To Operate Them\" suggests that\n Powell considered the idea of circumventing the\n General Assembly's local school board option policy.\n The memorandum is also interesting as an early\n example of the reliance Powell would come to have on\n his law firm partners in areas beyond the conduct of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams business. In drafting his\n American Bar Association presidential speeches, in\n his work on the revision of the Virginia\n Constitution, and in preparation for hearings on his\n Supreme Court nomination, the counsel of his law\n partners informed his public statements and\n writings.","On July 1, 1964, Powell was part of the unanimous\n vote to extend the deadline for state tuition grants\n for children attending private, all-white schools.\n His handwritten revisions to the draft of the minutes\n of this meeting show Powell's anticipation of the\n criticism that he and the board were to receive for\n taking this action.","Includes correspondence, subject files and\n printed materials.","2.5 inches of chronologically arranged\n correspondence about Powell's service on this body\n which helped plan and carry out a 750th anniversary\n celebration at the College of William \u0026 Mary in\n May 1965. Powell gave a speech at this event. Though\n there is overlap in the documentation, this event is\n not to be confused with the 750th anniversary\n celebration of Magna Carta which took place in\n England a month later. Powell attended that event as\n President of the ABA and also spoke on that occasion.\n Documentation of this later event and speech are\n located in the American Bar Association series.\n Publications that Powell read in preparing these two\n speeches can be found in series \"14.3.7 --Magna\n Carta.\"","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","In four volumes.","The subgroup Board Memberships contains records and\n papers concerning many of the numerous civic,\n educational and corporate boards to which Powell\n belonged. Powell served as counsel--often pro bono or at\n reduced hourly fees--for many of the civic organizations\n of which he was a board member. He served as general\n counsel to several of the corporations whose boards he\n would later join. As a result, records of some actions\n taken by Powell as legal representative were interfiled\n with records of his board membership. As previously\n mentioned, all other files concerning clients\n represented by Powell are retained by Hunton \u0026\n Williams. This subgroup, therefore, is at least as\n important for its documentation of Powell's lawyering as\n it is in recording his work as a board member. In\n addition to representing these firms in specific\n actions, in nearly every instance Powell was involved in\n revising basic organizational documents, especially\n charters and bylaws. He resigned from all corporate\n boards when his nomination to the Supreme Court was\n confirmed.","Series 1. Civic, 1940-1966 is 4.5 cubic feet in\n extent and includes the subseries: \n 8.1.1 Family Service Society, 1940-1957; c.2\n in. \n 8.1.2 Retreat for the Sick, 1941-1965; c. 3 in.\n 8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital, 1946-1966; 2\n cu.ft. \n 8.1.4 Gunston Hall, 1951-1965; .5 cu.ft. \n 8.1.5 Virginia Home for Incurables, 1946-1964;\n 1 cu.ft. \n 8.1.6 Richmond Area Community Chest/Fund,\n 1952-1957; 2 in. \n 8.1.7 Society of Colonial Wars, 1958-1964; 1\n in. \n 8.1.8 Grace Covenant Presbyterian Church,\n 1961-1966; .5 in. \n ","Subseries \"8.1.3 Richmond Memorial Hospital\" is\n especially noteworthy as Powell was one of the\n incorporators of the hospital, in addition to serving\n as counsel and trustee. One of his most significant\n appellate cases involved the hospital. City of\n Richmond v. Richmond Memorial Hospital established\n the tax exempt status under Virginia law of\n community-type hospitals. This case is extensively\n documented in the papers.","The name of this organization was changed to\n The Virginia Home in 1963.","Series 8.2. Educational includes 2 feet of papers,\n half of which composes subseries 8.2.1 Washington and\n Lee University, 1937-1994. Powell's long and devoted\n service to his alma mater is extensively documented\n here. Correspondence as a member of the Alumni\n Association of Richmond, from years before he joined\n the board, is also included here.","Subseries 8.2.2 Washington School of Public Law,\n 1947-1949; 1 inch in extent, consists of\n correspondence concerning an unsuccessful attempt to\n launch a graduate school of public law in Washington,\n D.C. It was to have been a cooperative, experimental\n law school located within the Washington College of\n Law.","Subseries 8.2.3 Union Theological Seminary,\n 1952-1968; is made up of two inches correspondence\n from Powell's service on that board. He served on the\n finance committee and gave legal and investment\n advice to that body.","Subseries 8.2.4 Hollins College, 1956-1966; .25\n cubic foot, consists of general correspondence and\n papers about the selection of a new president in\n 1960.","Series 8.3 Corporate, 5 cubic feet, contains 13\n subseries: \n 8.3.1 Hollywood Cemetery Company, 1946-1964; c.\n 2 in. \n 8.3.2 E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons, 1946-1951; 1\n cu.ft. \n 8.3.3 Miller and Rhoads, Inc., 1949-1961; 1\n folder \n 8.3.4 Richmond Cold Storage, 1949, 1954-1961;\n .5 in. \n 8.3.5 Commonwealth Natural Gas Corporation,\n 1952-1958; 1 in. \n 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation, 1953-1971; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation,\n 1955-1993; 1 cu. ft. \n 8.3.7 State Planters Bank, 1959-1962; .5 cu.\n ft. \n 8.3.8 Lawyers Title Insurance, 1965-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.9 First Colony Life Insurance Company,\n 1967-1969; 1.5 in. \n 8.3.10 Philip Morris, 1967-1971; .75 cu. ft. \n 8.3.11 Richmond Corporation, 1967-1971; 1\n folder \n 8.3.12 Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company, 1968-1972; .25 cu.ft. \n ","The Hollywood Cemetery correspondence and\n papers deal more with Powell's legal\n representation of the company than with his\n service on its board.","Powell's association with the pharmaceutical\n firm, E. R. Squibb \u0026 Sons was based on his\n wartime friendship with Lowell Weicker who became\n Squibb's president after the war. The Squibb board\n papers consist primarily of correspondence, though\n memoranda, notes and minutes are also present.","The subseries 8.3.6 Ethyl Corporation contains:\n correspondence and memoranda; memoranda of law on\n a variety of topics; basic corporation papers\n (by-laws, charter, articles of incorporation,\n merger and reduction, certificates of filing,\n etc.); financial statements; minutes; contracts;\n litigation papers; and printed materials.","Perhaps most interesting is the record volume\n entitled \"Working Documents [re] Acquisition by\n Albemarle Paper Company.\" Albemarle Paper Company\n became a Powell client in 1950. In 1962\n Albemarle's president, Floyd Gottwald, entered\n into negotiations to purchase the much larger\n Ethyl Corporation. In what is considered to be one\n of the first corporate leveraged buy outs,\n Powell's team of attorneys completed the merger on\n November 30, 1962. The newly combined company took\n the name Ethyl Corporation.","Colonial Williamsburg was important to Powell\n personally and professionally. The subseries\n \"8.3.7 Colonial Williamsburg Foundation\" includes:\n correspondence; trustee meeting papers; DeWitt\n Wallace Arts Foundation correspondence, minutes\n and by-laws; subject files; and papers relating to\n specific events. One of these events was his trip\n to London with other trustees in 1955 to\n participate in the ceremony conferring the\n Williamsburg Award upon Sir Winston Churchill.\n Another was a 1965 dinner in Powell's honor. In\n addition to the materials in this subseries, there\n are files on Colonial Williamsburg board meetings\n and other activities in the subject file series in\n both the 10. United States Supreme Court and 11.\n Retirement portions of the papers.","The State Planters Bank materials consist of\n correspondence and a study undertaken by Powell on\n the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. Action taken\n as a result of this study played a role in the\n formation of the bank holding company United\n Virginia Bankshares.","Lawyers Title Insurance Corporation papers\n consist of one folder of correspondence. The First\n Colony Life materials are correspondence and\n minutes.","The subseries 8.3.11 Philip Morris, 1961-1971,\n includes correspondence, memoranda, charter and\n bylaws, minutes and annual reports. Powell's work\n on the Incentive Compensation Committee is\n extensively documented.","The Richmond Corporation was a holding company\n for the stock of Life of Virginia and Lawyers\n Title Insurance Corporation, the latter being a\n subsidiary of the Richmond Corporation. There is\n one file of correspondence about this board\n membership.","There is about one inch of correspondence and\n miscellaneous documents concerning his board\n membership with Chesapeake \u0026 Potomac Telephone\n Company. This was another significant Hunton \u0026\n Williams client.","The subgroup Political Campaigns, 1952-1970 documents\n Powell's work in both of Dwight D. Eisenhower's\n presidential campaigns, and in the U.S. Senate campaigns\n of Walter Robertson and Harry F. Byrd, Jr.","Series 9.1 Virginia Democrats for Eisenhower,\n 1952-1956; .5 cu. ft. includes: correspondence;\n statements, notes and drafts of speeches; campaign\n organization materials; and printed materials and\n memorabilia. Subseries 9.1.1 Correspondence,\n 1952-1953, contains evidence of Powell's planning of\n radio programs; aid in precinct and block\n organization; correspondence with members of the\n media; and advice on Eisenhower television\n appearances. Documentation found here shows Powell's\n prescient awareness of the power of the then young\n television medium in political campaigns. His notes\n and drafts in other parts of this series demonstrate\n that he also was aware of the power of negative\n campaign advertising. By October 1952, Powell\n confesses that his involvement in the campaign allows\n him to practice law \"only three or four hours per\n day.\"","Subseries 9.1.3 Notes and Drafts of Speeches\n contains mostly handwritten notes dealing with the\n 1953 general election in Richmond and surrounding\n counties, and with the 1956 Presidential Campaign.\n Logistics for a visit to Richmond by President\n Eisenhower are also found here. The subseries 9.1.6\n Printed Materials contains campaign literature from\n both the 1952 and 1956 Presidential elections.","The sole subject of this series is a legal\n memorandum about campaign finances. Powell asked\n Hunton \u0026 Williams partner Joseph C. Carter, Jr.\n to prepare this memorandum for J. Harvie Wilkinson\n who served as treasurer of Robertson's campaign.","Series includes: correspondence; speeches and\n statements; radio ad scripts; printed materials and\n clippings. Information about Byrd's opponent, George\n Rawlings, is also here.","Powell had been considered for a position on the\n Supreme Court prior to his actual appointment. Thus,\n Series 10.1 Papers re Nomination and Confirmation,\n 1968-1971; 4 cu. ft., begins three years prior to his\n joining the Court. Subseries 10.1.1 Pre-appointment\n includes both general correspondence about the\n consideration of Powell as a candidate for the Court,\n and papers related to Powell's advocacy on behalf of\n Clement F. Haynsworth, Jr. for Supreme Court\n appointment in 1969.","The correspondence includes letters to Powell\n urging him to accept a nomination if offered and\n Powell's consistent reply that he did not want this\n position. There are also copies of letters that\n supporters had sent to President Nixon urging\n Powell's appointment. Included here is Powell's\n December 12, 1969 letter to Attorney General John N.\n Mitchell stating that he did not want to be\n considered for the Supreme Court.","The Haynsworth materials consist primarily of\n Powell correspondence attempting to rally support for\n the confirmation. The materials also include letters\n to legislators who had announced their opposition to\n Haynsworth's nomination in an attempt to change their\n minds.","The remainder of this series deals with Powell's\n October 1971 nomination and his December 1971 Senate\n confirmation hearings. Included here are subseries of\n correspondence, memoranda, subject files, printed\n materials and clippings.","The correspondence includes categories of: general\n correspondence; congratulatory correspondence for\n both nomination and confirmation; letters of\n endorsement; resignations from corporate boards\n following confirmation; and crank letters. The\n letters of endorsement, and the memoranda concerning\n these letters, document the extent to which Orison\n Marden, Ross Malone, and Whitney North Seymour--like\n Powell, all ABA past presidents-- organized the\n state-by-state solicitation of letters supporting\n Powell's nomination from members of the bar.","The memoranda include general memos and others on\n such subjects as the letters of endorsement and\n Powell's personal data statement. The data statement\n file contains both Joe Carter's reply to Attorney\n General Mitchell's request for information on Powell,\n and Powell's reply to Counsel to the President John\n W. Dean, III's questionnaire. Attachments listing\n corporate clients and detailing personal finances are\n also here. Later additions to this series are two\n separate Powell retrospectives (1975 and 1981)\n recounting the events leading to his nomination and\n his halting acceptance.","The subject files contain evidence of the\n thoroughgoing preparation made by Powell and his team\n of Hunton \u0026 Williams attorneys (primarily Joe\n Carter, George C. Freeman, Jr., John Shenefield and\n Allen Goolsby) in preparation for the Senate\n confirmation hearings. Powell and his team gathered\n and disseminated endorsements; prepared memoranda on\n anything in Powell's background that might come under\n close Senate scrutiny; and sought advice concerning\n the restructuring of Powell's investments.","The printed materials are two copies of the\n published transcripts of the Rehnquist and Powell\n confirmation hearings. A foot-and-a-half of clippings\n about Powell's nomination and confirmation complete\n this series.","Reference materials assembled in\n anticipation of questions during Senate\n confirmation hearings.","This subseries (14 cu. ft.)can be seen as a\n continuation of the Personal Papers,\n 1929-1987--Series 2.1.1 GeneralCorrespondence,\n 1932-1971. Like that earlier series, this\n correspondence ranges widely in correspondents and\n subjects. Unlike the earlier letters, Powell is\n much more reticent to give opinions on political\n and legal matters because of his position on the\n Supreme Court. Many exchanges with the same\n correspondents continue on from the earlier\n series.","This subseries contains three kinds of\n correspondence with and about Powell's fellow\n justices: correspondence with the Chief Justice;\n correspondence with the other Associate Justices;\n and correspondence about William O. Douglas'\n retirement. The correspondence with Chief Justice\n Burger is extensive, filling half-a-foot of shelf\n space. These letters cover a range of topics from\n the Court Christmas Party to the assignment of\n cases. The origins of the \"cert pool,\" a\n distributive way of reviewing cases for potential\n hearing, are treated here. Other topics include\n the selection of clerks; Justices' salaries and\n benefits; and an array of personal and\n administrative matters.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1994.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1977.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1990.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1995.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1972.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Term 1989.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1986.","Served during October Term 1976.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1993.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1973.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1971.","Served during October Term 1988.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1983.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1975.","Served during October Term 1984.","Served during October Term 1980.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1979.","Served during October Term 1985.","Served during October Term 1982.","Served during October Term 1991.","Served during October Term 1987.","Served during October Term 1978.","Served during October Term 1974.","Served during October Term 1981.","Served during October Terms 1971 and 1972.\n Folder of related printed materials, 1978-1984\n follows correspondence. \n See also 10.4.1.39\n for papers related to Wilkinson's nomination to\n the Fourth Circuit bench.","Served during October Term 1992.","This subseries contains many requests for\n Powell's services as a speaker. The vast majority\n of these were declined.","The \"Memoranda To Clerks\" file provides a\n unique perspective on the operation of the Powell\n chambers. More than just writing assignments,\n these memoranda demonstrate the role of the law\n clerk in the Powell chambers. Powell's respect and\n affection for these young men and women is evident\n here. The memoranda contain as much advice and\n philosophy as they do work assignments and\n schedules.","Most of these memoranda are copies of documents\n from case files.","Covers topics: I. Statutes; II.\n Federal-State Relations; III. Civil Rights and\n Liberties; and IV. Criminal Procedure. There is\n a table of contents in the papers that lists\n the subtopics.","Subject Files, 10 cubic feet, contains files in\n three categories: general; those concerning specific\n court business; and records of Powell's entertaining\n in the Supreme Court Building.","The \"General\" subject files treat a variety of\n subject matters. There are two alphabetical groupings here with no obvious distinction in content. A small amount of the\n correspondence centers around dealings with\n individuals on specific topics. Other\n correspondence continues his longtime relations\n with associations including the American Bar\n Association, the American Bar Foundation and\n Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. Correspondence\n regarding the clubs to which he belonged is also\n present. Research files for possible speeches are\n here, as are housekeeping records like address\n files. Files on specific topics not related to the\n Court, such as Powell's published memorandum\n entitled \"Attack On American Free Enterprise\n System,\" are here, as well. Fully half-a-foot of\n papers concerning media criticism is here. His\n response to an erroneous report by CBS news\n correspondent and Powell friend, Fred Graham, is\n part of this portion of the subject files. He\n corresponded, and kept a clipping file, about the\n controversial book about the Supreme Court, \n The Brethren .","This file deals with Jack Anderson's column\n about Powell's \n Attack On American\n Free Enterprise memorandum.","The subject of this file is the choice of\n Director of the Selective Service System.","Printed materials are at the end of this\n file.","Concerns Howard's Woodrow Wilson\n Fellowship.","Humorous stories collected for inclusion in\n speeches.","This subseries contains subject files about\n day-to-day Court administration and operation.\n Included here is almost a foot of files on\n Powell's service on the Court's budget committee.\n There is an equal amount of documentation\n concerning disqualification problems. These files\n deal with actual and potential conflicts of\n interest concerning cases that Powell might have\n heard as a member of the Supreme Court. The\n conflicts primarily involved Hunton \u0026 Williams\n retained clients, and companies in which Powell\n had investments.","A third portion of this subseries is\n approximately a foot of material related to the\n Ethics in Government Act of 1978, which required\n detailed financial disclosure by federal judges.\n The resolution of conflicts between compliance\n with the Disqualification Act of 1974 and this\n newer law is documented here.","The \"Word Processing Committee\" files, along\n with the related \"Linda Blandford\" file, reveal\n the role of Justice Powell in automating the\n drafting and printing of opinions within the\n court. Powell saw to it that Ms. Blandford, a\n secretary in his chambers, was recognized and\n compensated for her role in the development of\n Atex, the Court's first automated information\n system.","There is extensive documentation of Powell's\n service on the committee that reviewed Supreme\n Court rules, and the commission that examined the\n workload of the National Court of Appeals system.\n Correspondence with Supreme Court officers such as\n the Chief Deputy Clerk, the Marshal's Office and\n the Social Secretary of the Court are also found\n here.","Though Justice Powell refrained from making\n public or private statements about Court opinions,\n there is a file present entitled \"Correspondence\n as to Court Opinions.\" Powell's side of the\n correspondence is primarily to say that Justices\n generally do not comment on cases. See see the\n correspondence at 10.2.1 with such trusted friends\n as Colgate Darden, Paul Freund, Gerald Gunther and\n Anthony Lewis for substantive discussions of\n cases.","The mutual bond between Justice Powell and his\n clerks, was maintained through the annual clerks'\n reunion. These reunions included a dinner in the\n Supreme Court Building and brunch at the Alibi\n Club. The plans for these occasions dominate this\n subseries. There are also papers relating to the\n several dinners that Jo and Lewis Powell hosted at\n the Supreme Court Building for the other Justices\n and their spouses.","Records of case assignments to Justices, and, in\n turn, to clerks within the Powell chambers.","For the contents of these boxes, see \n this spreadsheet at the Powell Archives website. \n ","The series Case Files include most of the cases\n in which writs of certiorari were granted(i.e.,\n cases the court agreed to hear) during Powell's\n fifteen and one half years on the court. Cases not\n documented are those from which Powell recused\n himself or those in which he did not participate\n because of absence from the court due to illness.\n In all, there are approximately 2500 cases (140\n cu.ft.) here. Powell wrote in some 500 opinions.\n In about half of these cases, Powell wrote the\n majority opinion. The remainder were concurring\n and dissenting opinions.","It is important to note that most cases in\n which writs of certiorari were denied or that\n were disposed of by per curium order are most\n often not documented here except as they are\n mentioned in the \"order lists\" discussed below.\n Records of these cases were destroyed in routine\n records maintenance by order of Justice\n Powell.","The files are arranged by Supreme Court terms.\n Note, however, that cases are often granted\n certiorari during one term, but decided in the\n next term. (Thus case 82-206 is found in October\n Term 1983 -- the term during the decision in the\n case was announced.) Additionally special\n application cases -- often involving stays of\n execution -- are found in each term. Cases for\n which the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction\n - - cases which come directly to the Court without\n having been heard in a lower court -- are also\n included.","The documentation for each case varies from one\n thin folder to almost 2 feet of materials for the\n Bakke case. Forms of materials include: \"pool\"\n memoranda, docket sheets noting certiorari votes;\n bench memoranda prepared by clerks; bench notes\n from the hearing of oral arguments; notes from the\n Justices' private conferences; inter-chamber\n correspondence; drafts of opinions; printing of\n draft opinions; and printed \"slip\" opinions. News\n clippings were sometimes added to the files by\n Powell chambers staff.","These are some forty five Supreme Court slip\n opinions that Justice Powell annotated as he\n read or re-read them. Nine of these are from\n after Powell retired from the Court. A spreadsheet listing the cases for which there are annotated slip opinions is available on the Powell Archives website.","These memoranda were prepared for Justice\n Powell by his clerks or other Supreme Court\n clerks. The clerks briefed Powell on the facts\n and merits of the applications and made\n recommendations for action.","These files contain listings of cases\n considered for certiorari or appeal, and\n applications for admission to the Supreme Court\n Bar. Brief summaries of actions are often\n included. Copies of the Court's printed\n certiorari decisions with comments and dissents\n are also found in these files.","This card index, keyed to the names in case\n titles, was created by Powell secretary Sally\n Smith. It is a cumulative index and is arranged\n alphabetically.","The series Speeches, Writings and Interviews, 16\n cu. ft., includes the subseries: \"Bound Speeches,\n 1971-1989,\" \"Speech Files, 1972-1987,\" and \"Speech\n Materials\". The \"Speech Materials\" are memoranda,\n clippings and other printed materials arranged by\n subject. These were used for speech ideas and factual\n documentation.","The \"Speech Files\" include: drafts and reading\n copies of Powell speeches; research materials used in\n preparing an address; correspondence preceding and\n following the speech; and records concerning lodging\n and travel.","There are three volumes divided by years as\n follows: 1971-1977; 1977-1984; \u0026 1985-1989.\n The last volume contains several years of Powell's\n retirement from the Court. Each volume has a table\n of contents. Volume one includes an introduction\n by Powell. All but a handful of the bound speeches\n are duplicated in the Speech Files section below.\n The Speech Files, by contrast, contain many\n speeches not included in the bound volumes.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Honoring John Stewart Battle. Delivered at\n The Greenbriar, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n San Francisco, California.","San Francisco, California.","New York, New York.","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","El Paso, Texas","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, Hot\n Springs, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia.","T.C. Williams School of Law, Bar Association\n of Richmond, Virginia.","Dedication of the University of South\n Carolina Law School Building, Columbia, South\n Carolina.","University of Texas School of Law, Austin,\n Texas.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, New\n Orleans, Louisiana","Lexington, Virginia","Virginia Supreme Court, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Washington and Lee Law\n Review Volume XXXII, Number 1, Winter\n 1975.","American College of Trial Lawyers Banquet,\n Acapulco, Mexico.","Northwestern School of Law, Portland,\n Oregon.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Orlando,\n Florida.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Homestead, Warm Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Montreal,\n Canada.","American Bar Association, Montreal,\n Canada.","Provo, Utah.","The Association of the Bar of the City of\n New York.","Colonial Williamsburg.","Virginia Historical Society, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","College of William and Mary Alumni\n Association, Virginia Beach, Virginia.","Biography of Arthur D. Vanderbilt.","Supreme Court Building, Washington, DC","Powell received honorary Doctor of Laws\n degree. The New York Hilton, New York City.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference, Houston,\n Texas.","Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia.","Houston, Texas.","Charlottesville, Virginia.","Powell chaired this program at the American\n Bar Association Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Program during annual meeting of the\n American Bar Association, Atlanta, Georgia.","Labor Law Section, American Bar Association\n annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia.","Atlanta, Georgia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presentation of the Learned Hand Medal to\n Justice Powell. Federal Bar Council, New York,\n New York.","Fifth Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Birmingham, Alabama.","Lexington, Virginia.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","Utah and Idaho Bar Meeting, Sun Valley,\n Idaho.","Chicago, Illinois.","Richmond, Virginia.","John Marshall House, Richmond, Virginia.","F Street Club, Washington, DC.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Princeton, New Jersey.","Commemorating the fifteenth anniversary the\n acquisition of Ethyl Corporation by Albemarle\n Paper Manufacturing Company. New York, New\n York.","Washington, D.C.","University of Virginia Law Review Banquet,\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Includes Prayer Breakfast remarks, receipt\n of an honorary degree from Columbia University\n at a convocation in celebration of the\n centenary of the American Bar Association and a\n session considering the elimination of oral\n argument from appellate courts. New York, New\n York.","Orison S. Marden Lecture, Association of the\n Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","English Speaking Union, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Foreword to \n Hofstra Law\n Review .","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Boca Raton, Florida.","Powell was at Kenyon to receive an honorary\n degree. Gambier, Ohio.","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Dallas,\n Texas.","Includes papers re session","Richmond, Virginia.","Atlanta Bar Association, Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond,\n Richmond, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Southwestern Legal Foundation, Dallas,\n Texas.","Dallas, Texas.","Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference, The\n Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia.","Salzburg, Austria.","Memorandum prepared for unknown purpose.","Richmond, Virginia.","Memorandum.","Preface to \n Virginia Law\n Review issue dedicated to Paulsen.","New York, New York.","Portsmouth, Virginia.","University of Virginia, Charlottesville,\n Virginia.","University of\n Pennsylvania Law Review Annual Banquet,\n Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.","Biloxi, Mississippi.","New Orleans, Louisiana.","Includes panel on reduction of trial delay\n and expense, and retirement Party for Bert H.\n Early. New Orleans, Louisiana.","Franklin, Virginia.","Tribute in \n Harvard Law\n Review .","New Orleans, Louisiana and Atlanta,\n Georgia.","Spoke informally to law classes.\n Charlottesville, Virginia.","Eleventh Circuit Conference, Kissimmee,\n Florida.","Harlan Fiske Stone Lecture, Columbia\n University.","Lexington, Virginia","Published in \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review , Winter 1982.","Published in \n Texas Law\n Review August 1982.","Includes interview with California Bar\n Association (August 6) and speech to ABA\n Division of Judicial Administration (August\n 9).","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Published in \n Baylor Law\n Review , Fall 1982.","Richmond, Virginia.","Published in \n Virginia Law\n Review , June 1983.","Eminent Living Virginians Tribute, West End\n Rotary Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Greenville, South Carolina.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Savannah, Georgia.","Tau Epsilon Rho, Dearborn, Michigan.","Richmond, Virginia.","Presented to Justice Powell. Washington,\n D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Eleventh Circuit Judicial Conference,\n Mobile, Alabama.","Canadian Embassy Dinner, Washington,\n D.C.","National Judicial College, Reno, Nevada.","Includes presentation of Justice Sandra Day\n O'Connor to the American College of Trial\n Lawyers (August 4), and Speech to Young Lawyers\n Division of ABA (August 5). Chicago,\n Illinois.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Richmond, Virginia.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond Bar Association.","United States District Court of Appeals for\n the District of Columbia.","West Palm Beach, Florida.","Atlanta, Georgia.","American Law Institute Dinner, Mayflower\n Hotel, Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","American Bar Association Annual Meeting,\n Litigation Section. Includes information about annual meeting and banquet of the American College of Trial Lawyers during same period. New York, New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","University Club, Washington, D.C.","Arlington, Virginia.","American College of Trial Lawyers, Boca\n Raton, Florida.","Williamsburg, Virginia.","University of North Carolina School of Law,\n Chapel Hill, North Carolina.","Bar Association of the City of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia","Alexandria, Virginia","Birmingham, Alabama.","Interview is basis for the Justice Powell\n installment of PBS and Public Affairs\n Television series \n In Search of the\n Constitution , first broadcast on June\n 19, 1987.","Used in publication of Judge Butzner's\n opinions.","Trip Files, 2 cu. ft., includes records of both\n professional and personal trips. Forms of\n documentation found here include correspondence\n preceding and following the events, and records\n concerning travel and accommodations.","Did not make this trip.","Only Mrs. Powell made this trip.","Dinner honoring Oliver W. Hill and S.W.\n Tucker.","The retirement series includes \"Retirement Record\n Volumes\" and alphabetically arranged correspondence\n about Powell's retirement from the Supreme Court.","Statement from the bench, statement to the\n press, and letter to President Reagan.","Correspondents include Justices, clerks and\n President Reagan.","The record volumes contain copies, bound in\n two volumes, of selected letters sent to Powell\n on his retirement from the Court. Volume II\n also contains clippings concerning his\n retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","Copies of documents related to the\n announcement of Powell's retirement.","In addition to daily appointments, the pocket\n calendars include frequently called phone numbers\n written inside of their front covers and addresses\n near their back covers.","Retirement papers, 40.5 cu. ft includes all materials\n created and collected by Justice Powell after his\n retirement from the Supreme Court in June 1987. As a\n retired Associate Justice, Powell maintained chambers in\n the Supreme Court Building until January 1997. He also\n maintained chambers in Richmond. He sat as an extra\n judge, primarily on the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of\n Appeals in Richmond.","Correspondence includes the subseries: General\n Correspondence, Correspondence with Supreme Court\n Justices, Christmas Cards, and Correspondence related\n to Invitations.","A listing of the correspondents can be found at the website of the Lewis F. Powell, Jr. Archives.","The General Correspondence forms the conclusion\n to the series of the same name found in the 2.1.1\n Personal Papers and 10.2.1 United States Supreme\n Court subgroups. Correspondence with family\n members from this period is filed in the \"Family\n Papers\" series of the 2.2.1 Personal Papers.\n Correspondence through 1998 with Powell Supreme\n Court clerks is found in the 10.2.3 United States\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","The correspondence with Supreme Court Justices\n continues the exchanges begun in Powell's 10.2.2\n Supreme Court papers correspondence series.","Some of these files begin in as early as 1962.\n Powell apparently transferred certain files from\n earlier periods to his retirement files and continued\n filing in them.","Following correspondence, there is a separate\n file on dinners.","Includes membership lists and dinner\n menus.","This file deals with John C. Jeffries, Jr.'s\n authorized biography, \n Justice Lewis F. Powell,\n Jr. .","Includes memo to file of October 14, 1987.","Sculpted by George M. Kelly.","Re the role of the Solicitor General for \n The New\n Yorker magazine.","Correspondence and memoranda about the\n disposition of Powell's papers. An inventory of\n personal files formerly held at the law offices of\n Hunton \u0026 Williams is at the end of the\n file.","Topic discussed is Freeman's \n Justice Powell's\n Constitutional Opinions in the Spring 1988 \n Washington and Lee Law\n Review .","Re preface to Gunther's biography of Learned\n Hand.","Includes Powell memorandum re Hunton \u0026\n Williams history; typescript of Gay's c. 1952\n firm history; 1974 memo re Albemarle-Ethyl Deal\n in 1962; biographical materials re George D.\n Gibson and Henry Anderson; and clippings,\n 1979-1991.","Social Security information for Powell\n maid.","Records primarily about a Murrow Public\n Broadcasting System documentary television program\n and a United States Information Agency symposium.\n Included here are correspondence with Janet\n Murrow, Fred Friendly, producers of the PBS \n American\n Experience show about Murrow; and clippings\n and memorabilia.","Correspondence re his use of an interview\n with Powell concerning desegregation of\n Richmond public schools.","These transcripts document nine separate\n interviews.","File primarily concerns Powell's foreword to a\n biography of Taylor.","Written by Powell for the July 1988 issue of\n Virginia Magazine of\n History and Biography","See also \n 11.2.27 Files of Lewis\n F. Powell, Jr. concerning the papers held\n in the Powell Archives in the Powell Wing.","Powell chaired this committee formed by Chief\n Justice Rehnquist. The committee was charged with\n suggesting legislation that would make more\n systematic the procedure for habeus corpus relief in\n capital cases.","Habeas Corpus Reform\n Act of 1989 .","Powell was a guest lecturer in classes at the law\n schools of the University of Virginia, Washington and\n Lee University, and the College of William and\n Mary.","Includes schedule at UVA and research\n materials for Powell's presentations.","San Francisco, California","Washington, D.C.","See also \n 11.2.56 Taylor,\n Maxwell D. in subject files.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","James Madison University, Harrisonburg,\n Virginia","Student Legal Forum, University of Virginia\n School of Law, Charlottesville, Virginia","Conversation At\n Monticello , Charlottesville,\n Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Criminal Justice Section, American Bar\n Association Meeting, Toronto, Ontario,\n Canada.","Social Studies Service, Virginia Department\n of Education, video project.","Irving R. Segal Lecture, University of\n Pennsylvania.","University of Richmond School of Law.","Yale Political Union","Washington and Lee University School of\n Law.","Hunton \u0026 Williams Luncheon, Richmond,\n Virginia.","Kiwanis Club, Richmond, Virginia.","Article in \n Richmond\n Times-Dispatch","National Center for State Courts,\n Williamsburg, Virginia.","Leslie H. Arps Lecture, The Association of\n the Bar of the City of New York.","Richmond, Virginia.","Loyola Law School, New Orleans,\n Louisiana.","Drake University.","For WEDU Public Television documentary on\n capital punishment.","The Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins\n University, Baltimore, Maryland.","Interview with \n \n Time Magazine.","Re Powell's World War II Service.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","New York University Law School.","Published in Fall/Winter 1991, Volume I,\n Number 2.","Honolulu, Hawaii.","Colonial Williamsburg.","American Bar Association\n Journal Interview.","Williamsburg, Virginia. An edited version of\n these remarks were published in the \n Indiana Law\n Review .","Published in \n Stanford Law\n Review , Volume 44, Summer 1992.","Seton Hall Law\n Review dedication.","Harvard Law\n Review dedication.","Dickinson Law\n Review .","Working title of \n Handguns: A Call to\n Arms . Apparently unpublished.","Arlington National Cemetery, Washington,\n D.C.","Volume 50, Number 1.","Harvard Law\n Review , Volume 107, Number 1.","Table of contents precedes the speeches and\n writings. There are 51 titles. Most are also\n present in 11.5.1.","Justice Powell sat as an extra judge on the U.S.\n Court of Appeals.","Includes drafts and reading copy of his\n speech, \n Supreme Court -\n 1986 Term","Includes drafts and research material for\n his speech on Chief Justice John Marshall.","National Press Club, Washington, D.C.","New York City","Anderson House, Washington, DC; Powell's speech\n on Chief Justice John Marshall is included\n here.","Fort Meade, Maryland","Silver Springs, Maryland","Hunt, Texas","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Jackson, Mississippi","Richmond, Virginia. Purpose of trip was to\n videotape statement re the 200th anniversary of\n the Ratification of the U.S. Constitution.","Charlottesville, Virginia","Harrisonburg, Virginia","Lexington, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Toronto, Canada","Toronto, Canada. Includes files on \n Capital\n Punishment speech before the Criminal\n Justice Section.","Toronto, Canada","Cour d'Arlene, Idaho","In honor of Justice Kennedy, Anderson House,\n Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Files include\n speech and speech drafts.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Cambridge, Massachusetts","New Haven, Connecticut","Washington, D.C.","New York City","Hobe Sound, Florida","Boca Raton, Florida","Lexington, Virginia. Gave speech, \n /The Supreme\n Court .","Williamsburg, Virginia","Salt Lake City, Utah","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Washington, D.C.","New Haven, Connecticut","Richmond, Virginia","Hot Springs, Virginia","Sratford Plantation, Stratford, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Atlanta, Georgia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia. Powell spoke re legal\n aid.","New York City. Includes speech, \n Stare Decisis and\n Judicial Restraint, and drafts of\n speech.","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","New Orleans, Louisiana","New Orleans, Louisiana","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa","Hobe Sound, Florida","Williamsburg, Virginia","Baltimore, Maryland","Norfolk, Virginia","Williamsburg Landing, Williamsburg,\n Virginia","Columbus, Ohio","Washington, D.C. Includes speech on George\n Wythe.","Washington, D.C.","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","John Marshall Park, Washington, D.C.","New York University School of Law, New York\n City","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Honolulu, Hawaii","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Hartford, Connecticut","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Did not make the trip.","Did not make trip.","Baltimore, Maryland","Did not make trip.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Charlottesville, Virginia","Grove Plantation, Asheville, North Carolina","Williamsburg, Virginia","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Maui, Hawaii","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Potomac, Maryland","Lexington, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,\n Baltimore, Maryland","Hollins, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Brookville, New York","The Greenbrier, Hot Springs, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Baltimore, Maryland","Washington, D.C.","Williamsburg, Virginia","Hilton Head, South Carolina","The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia. Includes\n speech, \n Changes In the\n Practice of Law .","Baltimore, Maryland","Virginia Beach, Virginia","Washington, D.C. Includes speech, \n A Brief Review of the\n History of the ACTL and Its\n Accomplishments .","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Williamsburg, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Richmond, Virginia","Richmond, Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West\n Virginia","Washington, D.C.","Washington, D.C.","Sratford Hall Plantation, Stratford,\n Virginia.","Washington, D.C.","Unprocessed.","Includes studio portraits of Powell as a student and from the beginning of his law practice through his retirement.","Subjects include: Larry Brown (professional football player), George H. W. and Barbara Bush, Harry F. Byrd, Hubert Humphrey, Ross Malone, \n Edward, R. Morrow, Rosco Pound, Lord Upjohn, Annie Jo White, John Passmore Widgery, Eleanor \"Siddy\" Wilson.","Box 834 contains color transparency slides from the following trips: London, 1957; Russia, 1958;\n Mexico, 1964; London, 1965;, Europe, 1966; and Vietnam (Defense Panel), 1969. ","Includes photos larger than 9\"x11\" but not larger than 11\"x14\". Photos larger than this are in oversize storage in map cases. \n Includes photos from the following serie above: Family, Military Service, Professional Organizations, Public and Private Events, Colonial Williamsburg, \n National Commissions, and Supreme Court","Includes boyhood stamp album; bombing of German\n oil refineries; and two volumes of \n Democrats for\n Eisenhower , 1952 \u0026 1956.","Clippings about Supreme Court and Virginia Constitution Revision Commission","This series does not include Justice Powell's\n chambers and personal library. (See Separated\n Materials in Administrative Information section.) The\n entire contents of the library are included in\n Washington and Lee University's online catalog. Most\n publications can be retrieved by entering \n Powell Chambers\n Library as a title search.","Related to section 2.2.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 2.2.3.7.2.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 8.1.3.2 of these\n papers.","Related to sections 2.2.3.7.4.4 and\n 2.2.3.7.4.5 of these papers.","Related to section 3.1 of these\n papers.","Related to section 6.5.4.6 of these\n papers.","Related to section 7.9 Virginia Magna Carta\n Commission.","Includes: \n Ring-tum\n Phi ,November 21, 1928, April 17, 1929\n \u0026 November 10, 1971; \n W \u0026 L Law\n News , March 30, 1989; \n Southern School\n News , March 1956; \n Richmond\n Mercury , March 20, 1974; \n The Daily\n Record , May 26, 1941; \n Richmond\n News-Leader , November 21, 1956\n (part).","Writing by or about Powell.","Related to section 7.10 State Constitutional\n Commission.","Records and briefs.","Contents include (but are not limited to):\n Gavels, eyeglasses, passports, driver's licenses,\n medical record cards, smoking pipe, wallet,\n military insignia, brass door identification\n plates, and college memorabilia.","Contents include: Empty Cartones for Legion of\n Merit and Bronze Star; Thomas Jefferson Memorial\n Foundation Medal; National Security Agency Cipher\n Wheel, 6 November 1987; LPMS \n Squiggle ,\n 1994-1995; Virginia Cultural Laureate, 1981;\n Marble from Richmond's Union Station, 1977;\n Marshall-Wythe/College of William and Mary, June\n 4, 1972; American College of Trial Lawyers Medal\n for Excellence In Advocacy; Orison S. Marden\n Leader in Professional Responsibility and Legal\n Education; Whitney North Seymour Medal, Columbia\n Law School; Great Leaders Award, Southwestern\n Legal Foundation, May 1980; American Law Institute\n 50 Year Member, c. 1997.","One plaque and one bust are on display in the\n Powell Office and the Powell Archives Office\n respectively.","Includes: Earned and honorary academic degree\n diplomas and citations; and awards of merit and\n distinction.","Letter sweater, fraternity hat and athletic\n supporter.","369: Cap, wool jacket, pants and necktie;\n leather jacket, wool jacket, pants, and\n hat; 4 wool shirts, 1 cotton shirt, 2 pair\n wool trousers, 1 pair cotton trousers; ribbed\n wool zip-front sweater; shearling lined\n leather flight helmet, wool cap, cotton cap,\n gas mask pouch, cloth belt with attached pouch,\n olive colored wool knit watch cap, 4 pair wool\n socks, brown leather gloves, tan leather\n gloves; tan duffel bag; Oversize; sleeping bag,\n canvas suitcase.","Gown, two caps and hood.","Institutions represented include: Hollins\n College, University of South Carolina,\n Yeshiva University, Kenyon College, Wake\n Forest University, Old Dominion University,\n American University, Tulane University,\n Brigham Young University, and Virginia\n Commonwealth University. Several hoods are\n unidentified.","875-876: Army issue pocket watch, address book,\n eagle pin, insignia, dog tags,Legion of Merit,\n Croix de Guerre with Palm, Bronze Star, \n small linen draw string\n pouch, 2 German banknotes. Oversize: canteen,\n photo interpreter's kit.","Fine Art: Pen-and-ink portrait of Powell by\n Egerton; Caricature of Powell ( \n It's the Only\n Way by Gib Crocle (sp. ?) IX, 1987; Four\n Utah landscapes etched in copper plates, presented\n by University of Utah Law School Alumni\n Association, 1982; Print of Howard Christy\n Chandler's Scene of the Signing of the United\n States Constitution; Print of Patrick Henry \n Arguing the Parson's\n Cause by George Cooke (Presented to Powell\n as Virginia State Bar Pro Bono award for 1991.)\n Powell's Supreme Court Bench chair is on permanent\n display in the Law Library Reading Room. A letter\n box from Powell's undergraduate days in oversize\n storage."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublished materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Published materials, including monographs, serials,\n pamphlets, periodicals, and reprints from both Justice\n Powell's Supreme Court Chambers library, and from his home\n library are stored separately from the papers. Many of\n these publications bear hand-written author dedications to\n Powell. Powell has annotated several of them. These\n publications have been cataloged and classified and are\n searchable through the Washington and Lee University online\n public access catalog. There is also a"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2781,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T15:09:42.701Z","bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cchronlist\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eLEWIS F. POWELL, JR. CHRONOLOGY\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1907\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 19, Born, Suffolk, Virginia\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1925\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eB.S. magna cum laude, Washington \u0026amp; Lee\n University\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1931\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eLL.B, Washington \u0026amp; Lee University; Admitted\n to Virginia Bar\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1932\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eLL.M, Harvard Law School; Joined Richmond Law\n Firm of Christian, Barton \u0026amp; Parker\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1935\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJoined Richmond law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026amp; Moore\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1936\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMarried Josephine Pierce Rucker\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1938\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan.1, Became partner of Hunton, Williams; July 1\n Josephine McRae (Jody) Powell born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1938-1941\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eInstructor in economics, Evening School of\n Business, University of Richmond\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1940\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 19, Ann Pendleton (Penny) Powell\n born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1941\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eElected Chairman, Junior Bar Conference, American\n Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1942\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eVolunteered for service in Army Air\n Forces\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1946\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eDischarged from Army with rank of colonel;\n resumed practice at Hunton, Williams\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1947\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJuly 1, Mary Lewis Gwathmey (Molly) Powell\n born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1947-1948\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eChairman, Richmond Charter Commission\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1948-1949\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, Richmond Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1948-1952\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSpecial Assistant to the Attorney General re\n Selective Service\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1950\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJoined Richmond School Board\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1952\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSept. 14, Lewis F. Powell, III born\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1952-1961\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eChairman, Richmond School Board\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1954\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJune 1 Became senior, named partner of Hunton,\n Williams, Gay, Moore \u0026amp; Powell\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1958\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember of American Bar Association delegation to\n Soviet Union\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1961-1969\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember of Virginia State Board of\n Education\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1962\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eRepresented Albemarle Paper Manufacturing in\n Acquisition of Ethyl Corporation\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1964-1965\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, American Bar Association\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1965-1966\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, National Advisory Committee on Legal\n Services to the Poor\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1965-1967\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, President's Commission on Law Enforcement\n and Administration of Justice\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1967-1968\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, Virginia Constitutional Revision\n Commission\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1969-1970\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eMember, Blue Ribbon Defense Panel; President,\n American College of Trial Lawyers\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1969-1971\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003ePresident, American Bar Foundation\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1971\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eOct. 21, Nominated to Supreme Court by President\n Nixon; Dec. 7, Nomination confirmed by Senate\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1972\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan. 7, Sworn-in as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1987\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJune 26, Retired as Associate Justice of the\n Supreme Court\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1987-1996\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eSat on the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals as an\n extra judge\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1996\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJuly 24 Josephine Rucker Powell died\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1997\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eJan. 7, Powell Supreme Court Chambers\n closed\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003cchronitem\u003e\n \u003cdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\"\u003e1998\u003c/date\u003e\n \u003cevent\u003eAugust 25, Lewis F. Powell Jr. died\u003c/event\u003e\n \u003c/chronitem\u003e\n \u003c/chronlist\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxwl_vilxwl00013_c11_c09"}},{"id":"viu_viu02732_c02_c11","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11. \n A Conservative Viewby\n James J. Kilpatrick \n 1988","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02732_c02_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu02732_c02_c11","ref_ssm":["viu_viu02732_c02_c11"],"id":"viu_viu02732_c02_c11","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02732","_root_":"viu_viu02732","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02732_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_viu02732_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_viu02732","viu_viu02732_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu02732","viu_viu02732_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n 1908,\n 1963-1997","Bound Volumes \n \n 1980-1997"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n 1908,\n 1963-1997","Bound Volumes \n \n 1980-1997"],"text":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n 1908,\n 1963-1997","Bound Volumes \n \n 1980-1997","11. \n A Conservative Viewby\n James J. Kilpatrick \n 1988","Box 2"],"title_filing_ssi":"11. \n A Conservative View by\n James J. Kilpatrick \n 1988","title_ssm":["11. \n A Conservative Viewby\n James J. Kilpatrick \n 1988"],"title_tesim":["11. \n A Conservative Viewby\n James J. Kilpatrick \n 1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11. \n A Conservative Viewby\n James J. Kilpatrick \n 1988"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n 1908,\n 1963-1997"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":19,"containers_ssim":["Box 2"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:35:10.999Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu02732","ead_ssi":"viu_viu02732","_root_":"viu_viu02732","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu02732","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu02732.xml","title_ssm":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n 1908,\n 1963-1997"],"title_tesim":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n 1908,\n 1963-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["6626-s"],"text":["6626-s","The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n 1908,\n 1963-1997","ca. 450 items (2\n Hollinger boxes and 28 bound volumes, 11 linear\n feet)","There are no restrictions.","Arranged chronologically by subject.","James Jackson Kilpatrick (1920- ), is former editor of the \n Richmond News Leader ,\n television commentator, author, and syndicated newspaper\n columnist.","This collection consists of the additional papers of James\n J. Kilpatrick, ca. 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts of\n his columns, \"A Conservative View,\" \"The Writer's Art and\n Covering the Courts,\" and \"The Writer's Art,\" bound into\n volumes. Some of the typescripts have autographs changes and\n corrections and others are labeled \"scanner ready copy.\"","Other papers include reporter's notebooks, 1978-1994;\n publication agreement and correspondence with EPM\n Publications, chiefly regarding his book, \n The Foxes' Union ;\n correspondence and contract with Universal Press Syndicate\n concerning a weekly column discussing language, its usage, and\n the art of writing, and the eventual publication of his\n columns in book form, including two publicity photographs of\n Kilpatrick; correspondence with \n National Geographic Traveler ,\n concerning his travel story, \"Richmond on The Noble James,\"\n and the typescript of the story; papers pertaining to his\n participation in the Black-Eyed Pea Society of America; and\n correspondence with readers concerning his column, \"The\n Writer's Art.\"","See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","This collection consists of James\n J. Kilpatrick papers, 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts\n of newspaper columns, notebooks, and\n correspondence.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["6626-s"],"normalized_title_ssm":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n 1908,\n 1963-1997"],"collection_title_tesim":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n 1908,\n 1963-1997"],"collection_ssim":["The James J. Kilpatrick Papers, \n 1908,\n 1963-1997"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These papers were given to the University of Virginia\n Library by James J. Kilpatrick on June 8, 1998"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["ca. 450 items (2\n Hollinger boxes and 28 bound volumes, 11 linear\n feet)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically by subject.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically by subject."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Jackson Kilpatrick (1920- ), is former editor of the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond News Leader\u003c/title\u003e,\n television commentator, author, and syndicated newspaper\n columnist.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Jackson Kilpatrick (1920- ), is former editor of the \n Richmond News Leader ,\n television commentator, author, and syndicated newspaper\n columnist."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Jackson Kilpatrick Papers, 1908, 1963-1997,\n Accession #6626-s, Special Collections Department,\n University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["James Jackson Kilpatrick Papers, 1908, 1963-1997,\n Accession #6626-s, Special Collections Department,\n University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the additional papers of James\n J. Kilpatrick, ca. 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts of\n his columns, \"A Conservative View,\" \"The Writer's Art and\n Covering the Courts,\" and \"The Writer's Art,\" bound into\n volumes. Some of the typescripts have autographs changes and\n corrections and others are labeled \"scanner ready copy.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther papers include reporter's notebooks, 1978-1994;\n publication agreement and correspondence with EPM\n Publications, chiefly regarding his book, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Foxes' Union\u003c/title\u003e;\n correspondence and contract with Universal Press Syndicate\n concerning a weekly column discussing language, its usage, and\n the art of writing, and the eventual publication of his\n columns in book form, including two publicity photographs of\n Kilpatrick; correspondence with \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNational Geographic Traveler\u003c/title\u003e,\n concerning his travel story, \"Richmond on The Noble James,\"\n and the typescript of the story; papers pertaining to his\n participation in the Black-Eyed Pea Society of America; and\n correspondence with readers concerning his column, \"The\n Writer's Art.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the additional papers of James\n J. Kilpatrick, ca. 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts of\n his columns, \"A Conservative View,\" \"The Writer's Art and\n Covering the Courts,\" and \"The Writer's Art,\" bound into\n volumes. Some of the typescripts have autographs changes and\n corrections and others are labeled \"scanner ready copy.\"","Other papers include reporter's notebooks, 1978-1994;\n publication agreement and correspondence with EPM\n Publications, chiefly regarding his book, \n The Foxes' Union ;\n correspondence and contract with Universal Press Syndicate\n concerning a weekly column discussing language, its usage, and\n the art of writing, and the eventual publication of his\n columns in book form, including two publicity photographs of\n Kilpatrick; correspondence with \n National Geographic Traveler ,\n concerning his travel story, \"Richmond on The Noble James,\"\n and the typescript of the story; papers pertaining to his\n participation in the Black-Eyed Pea Society of America; and\n correspondence with readers concerning his column, \"The\n Writer's Art.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of James\n J. Kilpatrick papers, 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts\n of newspaper columns, notebooks, and\n correspondence.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of James\n J. Kilpatrick papers, 1908, 1963-1997, including typescripts\n of newspaper columns, notebooks, and\n correspondence."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":35,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:35:10.999Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu02732_c02_c11"}},{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"1.1: Annual Reports","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01"],"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01","parent_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01","parent_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records"],"text":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records","1.1: Annual Reports","This sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence."],"title_filing_ssi":"1.1: Annual Reports","title_ssm":["1.1: Annual Reports"],"title_tesim":["1.1: Annual Reports"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["c.1970s-1990s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938/2014, bulk 1970/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.1: Annual Reports"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"extent_ssm":["2.64 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.64 Cubic Feet"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":174,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such."],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n \u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|da857c0c-296a-44f7-ab6a-7c2ef7f6321b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Click to view digital materials in this collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Sub-Series Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:59:46.615Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","ead_ssi":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_root_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","_nest_parent_":"vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/ALEX/repositories_2_resources_157.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/157","title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"unitdate_ssm":["1937-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1937-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS098","/repositories/2/resources/157"],"text":["MS098","/repositories/2/resources/157","Alexandria Library Records (MS098)","Alexandria (Va.)","Alexandria (Va.). Library","Public libraries.","Collection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such.","This folder contains confidential personnel records. Public access and use of these materials is restricted for 75 years from the date of creation of the document.","This site is only accessible to Alexandria Library staff and is not available for public research use.","This finding aid describes and documents the updated arrangement of this collection as of 2023. Previously, the collection was organized into the following series: By Laws, Charters, and Agreements; Board; Annual Reports; Administration; Circulation; Construction; History; Publicity; Scrapbooks; Workshops; Queen/Barrett; Robert Robinson; Special Services; and Lloyd House. \"By-Laws, Charters, and Agreements\" and \"Administration\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance. \"History,\" \"Publicity,\" \"Scrapbooks,\" \"Workshops,\" and \"Photographs\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach. \"Construction,\" \"Queen/Barrett,\" \"Robert Robinson,\" \"Special Services,\" and \"Lloyd House,\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.5. Branch Records.","The \"Board\" series has been separated from MS098 and combined with other records to form a new, separate collection of Alexandria Library Board Records.","The physical and intellectual arrangement of the Alexandria Library Records (MS098) has been updated a few times over the years, while remaining accessible to the public. Thus, the decision was made to maintain, as much as appropriate, the current order of the pre-existing collection as Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records; and Series 2: 21st Century Records includes the new accretions to the collection as of 2023. Future accretions to this collection will either be added to Series 2 or form a new series.","Series 1. Founding and 20th Century Records, 1937-2005\n Subseries 1.1. Annual Reports Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 1.3. Circulation Records Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach Subseries 1.5. Branch Records Series 2. 21st Century Records, 1994-present\n Subseries 2.1. Annual Reports Subseries 2.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 2.3. Branch Records Subseries 2.4. Programming and Outreach Subseries 2.5. Web Archives","Founded as a subscription library in 1794 and serving as the public library of Alexandria, Virginia since 1937 – Alexandria Library has a long legacy of supporting early literacy and lifelong learning in our diverse community. The Alexandria Library builds community through its six branches by providing opportunities to learn, explore, create, and connect.","The Alexandria Library Company (ALC) was founded on July 24, 1794 and operated a subscription library for nearly 150 years. In 1937, the ALC entered an agreement with the City of Alexandria and their collections formed the foundation of the city's first free public library. Since then, the Alexandria Library has grown into a system of six branches which serve the community of Alexandria, Virginia. ","The Kate Waller Barrett Library opened its doors on Queen Street in 1937; this was the first location of the Alexandria Library. It was named after Dr. Kate Waller Barrett – local humanitarian, social crusader, and political reformer. The Society of Friends granted a 99-year lease for use of its old Quaker Burial Ground on Queen Street as the site for the new public library building. This library has undergone several renovations and expansions over the years, in 1954, 1964, and 1993. When the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library was built, the Barrett Library shifted from being the main library to its current role as a branch library which serves residents of Old Town Alexandria and surrounding neighborhoods.","The Robert Robinson Library, named for a grandson of one of George Washington's slaves, opened in 1940 to serve black residents of Alexandria. The establishment of this new branch library was motivated by a civil rights demonstration and lawsuit brought against the Library and the City of Alexandria. The earliest known civil rights sit-in was held at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in 1939. Alexandria Attorney Samuel W. Tucker and five young African American men demonstrated this act of civil disobedience after being denied library cards. The Sit-In and following legal action resulted in the establishment of a new branch of the library to provide \"separate but equal\" library services to black residents. However, this new library branch never received the same support or funding as the main library and was never able to provide fully equitable services to the local African American community. The Alexandria Library officially integrated for adults in 1959, and for children in 1962. The Robert Robinson Library closed in 1962 and the building is now the site of the Alexandria Black History Museum. More details about the 1939 sit-in and integration of Alexandria Library, as well as links to additional resources can be found on our website.","The Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library opened on Seminary Road in 1968. This branch library was named after Ellen Coolidge Burke (1901-1975), who served as Director of the Alexandria Library from 1948 to 1969. The Burke Branch Library serves residents of the Seminary Hill neighborhood and surrounding areas. ","The James M. Duncan, Jr. Branch Library opened on Commonwealth Avenue in 1969. The Duncan Branch Library serves residents of the Del Ray neighborhood and surrounding areas. This branch was named after James M. Duncan (1897-1967), who served as Chief of the Alexandria Fire Department 1924-1947, member of City Council 1949-1967, and member of the Alexandria Library Board 1950-1967. In 2005 the Duncan Branch Library underwent renovations and became the first City of Alexandria government building to have a \"living\" roof – a Green Infrastructure approach to reducing stormwater runoff and pollution in local waterways. ","The Local History / Special Collections Branch was established in 1976 and first housed at Lloyd House, a historic home on the corner of Queen and North Washington Streets. In 1999, after completion of the most recent round of renovations and expansions, Local History / Special Collections moved into the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library. Local History / Special Collections stewards many valuable resources documenting the history and culture of Alexandria and Virginia from the colonial period to the present.","The Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library opened on Duke Street in 2000. This new central library was named after former mayor of Alexandria, Charles E. \"Chuck\" Beatley, Jr. (1916-2003). Upon completion of the new main library site, library adminstration offices were moved from the Barrett Library (formerly the central library) to the Beatley Library.","In 2015 the Library took over management of the Alexandria Law Library, located in the basement of the Alexandria Circuit Court on King Street. The Alexandria Law Library provides legal resources for the benefit of the entire Alexandria community, including its citizens, government agencies, local businesses, the judiciary, and members of the bar.","For a more detailed timeline of the history of Alexandria Library, check out our website.","Alexandria Library Board Records\n Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)","This collection contains the records of the Alexandria Library, documenting the administration and operation of the Library, dating from the founding of the public library in 1937 through the present. Included are administrative records, annual reports, financial records, circulation records, materials documenting the history of the Library, programming and outreach records, and records of the individual branches of the library system. Formats include textual documents, photographs, and ephemera.","The Alexandria Library is an active organization, and so this collection is a living collection which will be periodically added to and updated. Check this collection guide for any future updates to the collection. ","This series contains materials documenting the Alexandria Library, from its founding as a public library in 1937 through the early 2000s. The majority of documents in this series pertain to the decades between 1950 and 2000. These records document the administration and operations of the Library and its individual branches, as well as materials documenting the history of the Alexandria Library. Documents include annual reports, financial records, correspondence, project files, and other administrative documentation. Also included in this series are ephemera and realia, photographs and other graphic materials, and some oversized materials.","This sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1938 through 1942. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1943 through 1946. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1947 through 1948. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1949 through 1950. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1951 through 1953. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1954 through 1956. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1957 through 1959. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1960 through 1961. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1964. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This sub-series contains administrative and financial records of the Alexandria Library. Documents include correspondence, budgets and other financial records, affirmative action records, bylaws and agreements, official city proclamations, gift records, and other administrative materials.","This folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1937 through the 1950s. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from the 1950s through the 1992. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plan put in place for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1975.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action policy used to create an Affirmative Action plan for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1976.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the City of Alexandria, dating from 1976 and 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action plans from both 1976 and 1980.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the Alexandria Public Library, dating from 1978 through 1982. Documents include reference material used to create the Affirmative Action plans including OSHA Recordkeeping guidelines and guidelines from the Department of Equal Employment Opportunity for the City of Alexandria. Other documents include Alexandria Public Library's Affirmative Action goals, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1974 through 1976. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1977 through 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1981 through 1987. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, membership reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1938 through 1944. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1945 through 1948. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1949 through 1951. Documents include proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1951 through 1953. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1953 through 1955. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include , proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the budget for the City of Alexandria's City Planning and Capital Improvement programs in regard to the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1950 through 1961. Documents include final budget reports, proposed budgets, proposed building projects, draft material, reference material, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to Rules, Regulations, and Review articles for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1937 through 1955. Documents include inquiries regarding librarian salaries of other Virginia public libraries, proposed rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, final rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, meeting minutes, library directories, press regarding the library, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains a 2014 copy of the introduced House Joint Resolution No. 418 which details the historical significance of the 1939 Alexandria Library Sit-in to the House of Delegates, Mayor of Alexandria, and General Assembly and proposes that this information be conveyed at an upcoming ceremony.","This folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1951. Documents included correspondence, press regarding Alexandria Public Library, proposals for the planning and construction of the Robert Robinson Library, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1952 through 1961. Documents include written correspondence, meeting and presentation notes, book acquisitions and acquisition proposals, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to the professional and nonprofessional duties within public libraries set forth by the American Library Association, dated from 1948. Documents include the preliminary draft of the Descriptive List of Professional and Nonprofessional Duties in Libraries handbook.","This folder contains records pertaining to position descriptions and pay plans for Virginia public libraries, dated from 1950. Documents include a guidebook detailing all positions available with Virginia public libraries, their position descriptions, and recommended qualifications.","This folder contains records pertaining to \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", dated from 1951. Documents include a handbook titled \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", written by the American Library Association, detailing guides and standards for library administrative staff to utilize when creating administrative plans.","This folder contains records pertaining to information and guidelines for new City of Alexandria employees, dated from 1950 to 1986. Documents include guidebooks detailing fundamental information regarding being employed by the City of Alexandria, code of ethics, and guidelines for managers to effectively communicate employee evaluations.","This sub-series contains records documenting circulation statistics of the Library.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include overall number of books circulated during a given year and ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1941 through 1942. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1943 through 1944. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949 through 1953. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1946. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This sub-series contains materials of mixed formats documenting the history of the Library and its programming and outreach work. Documents include scrapbooks, posters, news clippings, correspondence, administrative documents, event programs, and photographs.","This folder contains materials pertaining to Alexandria Library history, dating from 1957-1961. Documents include newspaper clippings from various local newspapers, event photos, correspondence, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1960. Documents include notes, correspondence, and copies of newspaper articles relating to the library.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library. Documents include copies of events schedules, event programs, summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1947. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1955 through 1973. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1936 through 1954. Documents include summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1945 through 1985. Documents include copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to publicity correspondence for Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1954-1986. Documents include correspondence relating to proposed exhibits, cosmetic changes to library branches, research inquiries, proof of membership, thank-you messages, plans for library news releases, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to press releases for Alexandria Library, dated from 1947-1986. Documents include drafts of news releases, draft 5-year plan documents, descriptions of upcoming library programs, mock-ups for news articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to events related to Alexandria Library, dated from 1954 through 1992. Documents include programs from library events and other notes and correspondence.","This folder contains biographical research materials about James M. Duncan, Jr. (the namesake of the Duncan Branch) which were collected by branch managers of Duncan Branch. Materials include notes, newsclippings, and photocopies of newsclippings.","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The smiling officials cutting the red ribbon, who include six men and two women, are dressed professionally and each holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #402","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The officials, who include six men and two women, have not yet cut the red ribbon and are dressed professionally. Each of the eight officials holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photograph is dated September 10th, 1995. Photo previously labeled #403","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo of men and women milling around the first floor of the Barrett Branch was taken, presumably, after the conclusion of the ceremony. Some of the people pictured are in conversation with one another, while others are taking in their surroundings. In the foreground is a podium framed on either side by yellow flowers and an American flag. In the background are library books shelves and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #404","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo was taken amidst a crowd of people attending the ceremony on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The men and women of various ages stand milling around the space. Some are in conversation with one another while others look in many directions, taking in their surroundings. Visible in the background is the entrance to the library that consists of floor to ceiling windows allowing natural daylight to stream in. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #405","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of several people standing around on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The three men and one woman in the foreground are in conversation with each other but only the two men on the right have realized the group is being photographed. The two men on the right are looking at the camera and smiling, while the women is still speaking and the third man is looking to his right with his back to the photographer. In the background are other people, some in conversation and some not, as well as empty chairs set up against filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #406","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A large audience of men and women have filled the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably watching as the ceremony unfolds. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the space while the rest of the crowd have filled the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the room, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #407","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Two women stand posing for a picture, on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. With their arms around each other, the woman on the left looks directly at the camera while the women on the right smiles at something out of frame on the left. In the background are more people, men and women, milling around the large indoor space. Some are in conversation with one another and others are simply moving about the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #409","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of two smiling men and a young child posing for a picture together. On the left, the young child stands holding the hand of the man in the middle who has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red patterned tie. The man on the right, who stands with his hand on the shoulder of the man in the middle, has white hair and is wearing glasses and a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and blue tie. All three stand under a half visible, gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that is hanging on the wall behind them. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #410","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together. The three men are all wearing dark-colored suits with light-colored shirts and ties. The two children, one boy and one girl, stand in front of the men in the middle and on the right. The boy wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants while the girl wears a striped, long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink shoelaces. All five smile at the camera as they pose under a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. The woman in the portrait has her white hair tied back in a bun and sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #411","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A woman stands posing for a picture with the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett hanging near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and skirt, smiles as she looks to left at something just out of frame. She stands below the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. In the portrait, Kate Waller Barrett has her white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #412","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together under the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The man on the left has white hair and is wearing glasses, a dark-colored suit, a light-colored shirt and blue tie. He has his hand on the shoulder of the little girl to the right of him who wears a striped long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink laces. The little girl holds the hand of the man in the middle who wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and dark patterned tie. Next to him, on the right, stands the little boy who wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants. The little boy holds the hand of the last man on the right who has brown hair and mustache, glasses, and wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and red patterned tie. All five stand beneath the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has her white hair tied back into a bun. She sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #413","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of four men standing in front of the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance to the library. The two men on the left are greeting each other and the two men on the right are standing separately both looking in opposite directions towards things just out of frame. All the men are dressed in suits and ties and three out of four are wearing glasses. The leftmost man is holding multiple pairs of scissors and the second man from the right is holding an event program. Behind them, hanging on the wall is the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. Also in the background, off to the left, is a child, seemingly in motion, appearing blurry in the photograph. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #414","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of a group of men and women standing around a table of computers on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. On the round table there are four white computers, each with their own keyboard and mouse. Two of the computers are in use, one by a man in dark dress pants and white shirt and the other by two people, a woman and young man, working together. In the background are other people milling about as well as library bookshelves and a set of stairs leading to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #415","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of two groups of men and women, some sitting and some standing, inside of the library presumably before the ceremony begins. To left is a group of seated people, partially blocked from view by a desk, and to the right is a group of men standing together in conversation. Between the two groups sits a small stage with an American flag, bordered at the front by small pots of yellow flowers. In the background are rows of both tall and short bookshelves in front of a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #416","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of two women and one man standing in conversation with one another. The two women are both in light-colored dresses and the woman on the right faces away from the camera and carries a purse. The man wears glasses and is dressed in a light-colored suit with a white dress shirt and patterned tie. The woman on the left looks across to the woman on the right as she and the man in the middle are looking at each other. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #417","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of men and women milling about inside the Barrett Branch. The people in the foreground seem to be in conversation with each other while others are having separate conversations in the background. The photo is being taken from behind a bookshelf decorated with a potted plant whose leaves have just started to come in to frame on the right side of the photo. Behind the people are more bookshelves, decorated with flowers, and a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #418","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of four men, one woman, and two children. Every person pictured is looking in a different direction, some seeming to be moving towards different parts of the room and appearing blurry in the photo. All of the men are dressed in suits, the woman wears a pink buttoned jacket, the little boy wears a light-color button-down, and the little girl wears a striped long-sleeve dress. Behind them on the wall hangs a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant is hanging from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #419","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. In the library stands many men, women, and children milling about the space. Some are in conversation with one another, while others take in their surroundings or speak to people sitting behind the circulation desk to the left of the photo. To the right of the photo is the beginning of a staircase that leads to the second floor of the library. Visible from the balcony, the second floor is filled with bookshelves. In the background, on the lower level, stands a small stage and podium framed by small pots of yellow flowers and an American flag as well as a glass-front room whose windows are letting in bright daylight. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #420","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch and there are men and women milling around in the space, some in conversation with one another and others taking in their surroundings. On the right side of the picture, some of the people stand in front of the circulation desk, decorated with pots of yellow and orange flowers. On the left side of the picture are some glass display cases displaying open books. In the background are the floor to ceiling windows of the entrance vestibule that are providing bright, natural light to the room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #421","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Pictured is a large audience of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the room while the rest of the crowd have begun filling in the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the crowd, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #422","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women, of differing ages, standing around a table of computers. At the round table, there are two people with their backs to the camera sharing the same computer, to their right is one woman at the next computer, and the next computer has a group of four sharing the same computer. In the foreground is a shelf that has been decorated with a pot of flowers, that have taken up the left side of the picture. In the background, behind the group of people at the computers is glass-front room and a few people within. Inside the room are bookshelves on the left wall and tables and chairs filling the middle. The windows on the back wall have had their blinds drawn to shade the interior from the bright daylight shining through. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #423","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of some people, both men and women, looking at the available materials on the bookshelves around them on the second floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some of the men and women are browsing the shelves while others have begun reading their chosen materials. In the foreground are shorter bookshelves, with one man crouching to get a better look at the offerings on the bottom shelf. In the background are taller bookshelves, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. Behind the taller bookshelves are some tables and chairs that have been backlit by the daylight coming through the windows on the back wall. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #424","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience facing a group of people who seem like library officials seated at the front of the room. The seated audience is facing away from the camera and the group of men and women at the front of the room are applauding in welcome to the man who is standing at the front of the room. He has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and a grey suit with dark tie. Off to the right of the photo is a staircase that leads to the second floor whose balcony sits above the group of clapping men and women. Behind them stands bookshelves, completely filled, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #425","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking to an audience from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and white shirt, is looking through her glasses out over the audience. Behind her is both short and tall bookshelves, as well as a wall of glass, and to the left stands an American flag. The woman at the podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch where three musicians sit with music stands in front of them and bookshelves at their back. In the foreground, somewhat blocking the view of the seated audience, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of paper. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #426","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience, extending out of frame, who have their attention on a man speaking from an elevated podium. The man at podium, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red tie, is looking down at the podium through his glasses. Behind the podium are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The man at the podium stands beneath the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Visible through the balcony's railing are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #427","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking from behind a podium. The man is standing, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and dark patterned tie, looking down at the podium through his dark tinted glasses. Behind him are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library where three chairs and two music stands are set up. The right most chair is occupied by a person in white shirt and dark pants. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #428","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a blue dress and matching blue jacket, looks out to an audience just out of frame and she is observed by a small panel of professionally dressed men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right side of the picture. The picture is being taken from behind the circulation desk, complete with computer, receipt printer, and landline phone. A pot of yellow, orange and red flowers sits atop the desk, partially blocking an American flag from view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #429","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium in front of an audience of people that extends out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink blazer over a dark patterned dress with a string of pearls around her neck, is looking down at the podium while the audience listens. Behind her are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The speaker and podium stand beneath an the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library, where three chairs, music stands, and musicians are seated and viewable through the balcony's railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #430","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking to an audience, extending out of frame, from an elevated podium. The man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with white shirt and dark patterned tie, is looking down at the podium while holding up a closed book in his right hand and paper in his left hand. Behind him are rows of short and tall bookshelves, some decorated with flowers, in front of a glass-front room. Above the podium sits the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, on the left side of the picture, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of papers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #431","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to audience, which extends out of frame. The woman is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress, and looks out over the audience at something not visible as the audience turns to follow her gaze. To her left and right are men in dark-colored suits and ties that also follow her line-of-sight. Behind her are bookshelves, both tall and short, and a glass-front room. Above the podium is the second-floor balcony and through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, blocking some of the audience from view, is the circulation desk with a computer and piles of paper. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #432","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This slightly out of focus, color candid photograph is of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to an audience that is seated just out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink jacket over a dark, patterned dress, is bordered by a group of seated men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right and an American flag on the left. Above the woman at the podium is the second-floor balcony and behind her are tall bookshelves and a glass front room. The photo is being taken from behind the circulation desk which has a computer and a pot of yellow, red and orange flowers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #433","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women in conversation with each other amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of four men and two women, presumed to be library officials, who trade smiles and handshakes in front of a clapping audience. Some of the members of the group are still holding scissors and the pieces of red ribbon that were cut as part of the ceremony. Behind them are bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #434","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of three men and two women, some still holding scissors and pieces of the red ribbon cut during the ceremony. The smiling woman in the middle has offered a handshake to the man to the left of her as the audience applauds them. Behind the ribbon cutters are tall and short bookshelves that extend backwards into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #435","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of a group of three men and one woman, presumed to be library officials, are trading smiles and the woman offers a handshake to the man on the far left. The woman has grey hair and wears a matching blue jacket and dress. The men are dressed professionally in suits and ties. They stand in front of a small stage and podium, lined with small pots of yellow flowers and decorated by an American flag. Behind them are bookshelves, both tall and short, that extend backwards toward a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #436","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. This candid photograph depicts several people standing behind the main circulation desk on the first floor of the Barrett Branch. In the foreground of the photo is a woman wearing a magenta dress and holding two books. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #408","Color portrait of an outdoor sign from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library after renovations were completed in 1995. On a bright, sunny day at the corner of a red-brick building sits a white sign that reads \"The 200 Block of North Columbus St. Welcomes the New Library\" and just below that it reads \"Thank You\". Propped up on a wooden easel, the sign is decorated by a single gold, metallic balloon that is moving with the wind. Behind the sign to the right are row houses and a parked car. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #441","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library officials sit next to a stage and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. The woman has white hair and is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress turns her head to welcome another woman who making her way to an empty chair among the group of officials. The woman being welcomed has tied back, brown hair and glasses and is wearing a colorful dress and black, t-strap shoes. Some of the men and women in the group of officials clap while others offer warm smiles to the approaching woman. Behind them is a small circulation desk and filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #442","Color portrait photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library staff stand behind the circulation desk and smile at the camera. Four women are directly behind the desk and five more seem to be coming out of the room just behind the desk. Some of the other women have realized their picture is being taken and look at the camera, while others have not and continue their conversations with one another. One man stands in front of the desk and has turned to face the camera while a final woman seems to being walking past him. Folding chairs are set up and extend out of frame and because each still has a paper program on it, it is likely the event has not yet started. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #443","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two group of presumed library officials both sit and stand next to a small stage. Though not all the chairs are filled, the seated group includes three women and four men, all dressed professionally, who seem to be waiting for the event to start. The standing group, consisting of three men and two women, are all in conversation with one another. The woman in the middle with white hair, blue dress and light-colored purse is speaking and the remainder of the standing group leans in to listen. Behind them is the stage, decorated with an American flag, and both tall and short bookshelves that extend out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #444","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera aims at the circulation desk and the people that stand around it. Presumed to be library staff, four women stand together and all but one is smiling up at the camera. Other people, presumed to be library staff and officials, stand around the desk. Some are in conversation and others are looking in different directions around the room. In front of the circulation desk, extending out of frame, are rows of folding chairs each with a paper program on the seats. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #445","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Set up on the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch, are three female musicians in the midst of performing. All three are wearing white dress shirts and black bottoms and each sit in her own wooden chair across from sheet music on a music stand and plays from a flute. Behind them are a man and a woman in conversation leaning over the balcony railing to get a better view of what is going on the floor below. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #446","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, pictured is a man in a dark suit and tie speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage, which he shares with an American flag. Bordering the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers. To the left and right of the stage sit two groups of men and women, presumably library officials who have their attention on the man speaking. Behind them are rows of both tall and short bookshelves that extend back into the room and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #447","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Men and women of varying ages stand milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch library seeming after the conclusion of the ceremony. In the foreground, one man sits at a table with his hands on a computer keyboard and converses with the two women who are speaking to him. The woman on the left has short brown hair and wears a blue jacket and the woman on the right has short greying hair and wears a white shirt, denim bottoms, and carries a small purse. In the background is a larger group pf men and women, gathered around a table of computers. Behind are bookshelves that extend to the other side of the room where more people sit at tables in conversation. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #448","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Outside the front entrance of the Barrett Branch Library, in the shade of a tree, is a group of men and women who seem to be waiting for the library to open and for the ceremony to begin. On the front doors, illuminated by the sun, two signs read \"Re-opening\" and \"Sept. 10, 2PM\". Some of the group are sitting on the red brick retaining wall outside of the library while other stand in conversation closer to the entrance. The building is red brick, with white columns and white doors. A large, half-moon shaped windows sits atop the doors allowing natural light to fill the entrance vestibule within. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #449","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The photo is aimed at the circulation desk where some people have begun to converse with the library staff behind the desk. In front of the desk, the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library has been filled with folding chairs where a few people have begun to sit. There are folded programs on each of the folding chairs, suggesting that the ceremony has not yet begun. On the right side of the picture are bookshelves that fill the space at the back of the main floor as well as the second floor, which is visible through the balcony railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #450","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the picture is focused on the group of men and women standing against the wall behind the circulation desk. There are nine women and two men visible, dressed professionally, and most of them seem to have their attention on something happening just out of frame on the right. In front of the desk on the left is the beginnings of a seated audience and starting from the circulation desk extending out of frame across the front of the audience stretches the red ribbon that has yet to be cut. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #451","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. A group of two men, one woman, and one young man are standing in conversation with each other next to a round table that currently holds computers, of which only the keyboards and mice are visible. The young man has dark hair and wears a blue collared shirt and the woman he is next to has short brown hair and wears a blue patterned dress and carries a white purse. The two men are both dressed in dark suits with light dress shirts. The man with glasses wears a dark tie. Behind them are some table and chairs separating the group from the tall book shelves that extend out passed both sides of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #452","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two men are pictured in conversation with each other while standing behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The men both wear suits with light-colored shirts, and the viewer is clearly able to see that the man on the left is wearing glasses and a tie. The man on the right has his back to the camera because his attention is on the other man who seems to be explaining something while pointing to something just out of sight on the left. In front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and beside the stage are rows of wooden chairs that have yet to be filled. Each chair has a folded program that seems to suggest the ceremony has yet to begin. Behind the men and the stage are bookshelves, both tall and short, that are filled with material. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #453","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Pointed toward the interior entrance of the Barrett Branch, taken from the opposite end of the main floor, men and women are milling about the space presumably after the conclusion of the ribbon cutting. In the foreground are men and women using the available computers and in front of them is a large gathering of people milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some seem to be in conversation with one another, while other seem to simply be moving around the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #454","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at where the ceremony will be held. A large seated audience of men and women is forming behind a red ribbon that has been stretched from the circulation desk to the staircase's railing on the opposite side of the room. The men and women standing behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff and the few men and women that stand on the other side of the red ribbon from the audience are the library officials that will be speaking during the ceremony. The library officials seem to be looking at someone just out of frame and two of them are waving to try and get their attention. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #455","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch where folding chairs have been set up in the middle of the room for an audience that has begun filing in. Men and women of varying ages and dress are coming in through the bright, naturally lit entrance vestibule, stopping at the circulation desk, before finding an empty seat. The men and women behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff who are either in conversation with one another or watching the people who are filing into the library. Just in front of the audience, stretching from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase at the opposite of the room, is a red ribbon that is being handled by a woman in a dark top and patterned skirt. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #456","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points at a small group of men and women who are seated in wooden chairs to the left of a small stage with a podium. Seated in two rows, the group consists of four women and three men, and are presumed to be library officials. They are all in professional dress, either in suits and ties or dresses and blazers, and the front row seems to be conversation with each other. Just behind them, extending backward into the space, are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #457","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, wearing glasses and dressed in a grey-colored suit with a white shirt and dark-colored tie, holds a book in one hand and paper in the other as he looks out at the audience in front of him. The men and women seated next to the stage, who are presumed to be library officials, have their attention on the speaker. The stage is bordered in the front by small pots of yellow flowers and framed in the back by bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #458","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. The men and women, presumed to be library officials, stand with their hands over their hearts as they face the American flag that sits on the stage. All professionally dressed, only one man and one woman stand on the stage while the others stand to either side as they seem to recite the Pledge of Allegiance. Behind the stage are rows of bookshelves that extend backwards and out of frame. Above the stage is the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #459","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her just out of view. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #460","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. Although the picture is out of focusing, appearing blurry, a woman with red hair and glasses, wearing a red blazer and skirt, can be seen speaking from the podium. With their attention on the speaker at the podium, the men and women that sit next to the stage are presumed to be library officials. The stage, framed at the front by small pots of yellow flowers, backs up to rows of short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #461","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. On the stage, standing at the podium, is a man with glasses wearing a dark-colored suit and tie with a red pocket square. He looks down at the paper on the podium as he speaks to the audience in front of him, sitting just out of view. The men and women sitting next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, are dressed professionally as some turn their attention toward the speaker. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and rows of short bookshelves sit at the back of the stage. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #462","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the left side of the picture, many men and women sit in folding chairs as they listen to the man speaking from the small elevated stage and podium in front of them. Stretching from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase is a red ribbon that separates the audience from the men and women on and around the stage. There are also men and women that stand behind the circulation desk, presumed to be library staff, that have their attention on the man at the podium, who is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt. On either side of the stage, separated from the general audience, sit other men and women who are presumed to be library officials. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #463","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the right side of the picture sits a large audience of men and women that extends backwards out if frame. They are separated from the small stage and podium by a red ribbon that stretches from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase that leads to the second floor. Behind the circulation desk stands a few men and women, who are presumed to be library staff, who have their attention on the man that speaks from the podium. The speaker, dressed in a dark-colored suit and tie, looks down at the paper on the podium as he addresses the audience in front of him. The people sitting to left and right of the stage, who are separate from the general audience, are presumed to be library officials who are part of the ceremony proceedings. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #464","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing in behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, dressed in a grey-colored suit and glasses, seems to have his head tilted down in pause to accept the applause he is receiving from the people around him. Next to the stage sits a group of men and women who are presumed to be library officials. One man and one woman can be seen clapping for the man on the stage. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and the back of the stage is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward out of view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #465","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a woman standing behind a podium on a small elevate stage. The woman has grey hair, dressed in a matching blue dress and blazer, and looks out at the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. There is a group of men and women seated in three rows next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, who look and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. Behind the stage and the group of library officials are some tall and short bookshelves that extend backward into the space and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #466","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where men and women are milling around presumably after the ribbon has been cut officially opening the library. The men and women, of all ages and in varying dress, are either in conversation with one another or are on the move to a different part of the space. Some are making their way up the stairs and past whomever is taking the picture while others are moving towards the rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. Barely visible amongst the people is a small stage and podium where library officials had spoken during the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #467","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and the men and women that surround it. On the stage, standing behind a podium, is grey-haired woman in a matching blue dress and blazer who speaks to the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. On either side of the stage where the woman in blue is speaking from, sits two groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have attention on the woman in blue. The front of the stage is framed with small pots of yellow flowers and the back is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #468","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch where people have begun to move about the space, presumably, at the conclusion of the ribbon cutting ceremony. Some of the men and women are in conversation with each other while others have begun exploring the space and materials available. Visible among the crowd is the circulation desk, with a few staff members working from behind it. Across the room, also visible among the crowd, is the small stage and podium that library officials spoke from during the ceremony. Above the crowd, on the right side of the picture, is the second-floor balcony which has been populated by more exploring people. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #469","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium. Standing behind the podium is a man with glasses, wearing a dark-colored suit and tie, who is looking down at the papers on the podium in front of him. To one side of the stage is small group of men and women who are seated in three rows, all in professional dress. This small group of people are presumed to be library officials, as is the man in a grey-colored suit that is seated behind the stage. Behind the stage are short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame and the front of the stage is line with small pots of yellow flowers. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #470","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #471","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a man with glasses, wearing a grey-colored suit, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of him. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #472","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium as well as the people that surround it. Speaking from the podium stands a man with glasses, in a grey-colored suit and tie, who looks down at the paper in front of him. On either side of the stage sits two small groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man on stage. All are professionally dressed and some hold programs probably pertaining to the ceremony. The front of the stage is lined with small pots of yellow flows and behind the stage are rows of short and tall books shelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #473","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at two groups of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The group closest to the camera consists of six men and two women who are professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Each woman shakes the hand of one of the men in the group. Behind them is a small stage and podium, that is lined with small pots of yellow flowers along the front. In the other side of the stage is another small group of men and women, also thought to be library officials. One woman seated at the front of the group, with white hair and patterned dress, is leaning forward to greet a woman with brown hair, black jacket, and skirt standing in front of her. Behind the two groups and the stage are bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #474","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small group of men and women who are standing, in conversation with each other. The group, consisting of two women and five men, are all professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Facing away from the camera, one woman with a pink jacket is shaking hands with a man in a dark colored suit and patterned tie. Behind this group is a small, unoccupied stage and podium and on the other side of the stage is another group of seated, presumed, library officials. Behind the stage are bookshelves that extend backwards out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #475","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. In the foreground of the picture, two unidentified women smile at the camera. The woman on the left has short blond hair, glasses, and wears a patterned collared dress. The woman in the left has dark brown hair and wears a dark blue top with a high neck. Behind them are more men and women who are milling about on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #476","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The camera is pointed at the line of men and women standing at the circulation desk at the Barrett Branch Library. Presumably, these are members of the public who attended the ribbon cutting and are now exploring the new space after the conclusion of the ceremony. On the upper right-side of the picture, visible through the railing, is the second-floor balcony where people a standing amongst the bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #477","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing on a small stage, behind a podium. Though the camera is unfocused and the photo appears slightly blurry it can be determined that the man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white pocket square, looks down at the papers on the podium as the small group of men and women seated on the other side of the stage have their attention on him. The small group of men and women, who are dressed professionally, are presumed to be library officials that are part of the ribbon cutting ceremony. One other presumed official is seated behind the stage and is reading a piece of paper. Also, behind the stage and the small group of library officials, are rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #478","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a line of people who stand facing a seated audience of men and women. The line of people is professionally dressed men and women, presumably library officials, who each hold onto a red ribbon that stretches across the room from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase. The seated audience and the men and women standing behind the circulation desk smile at the line of officials as they cut the ribbon. One woman, with grey hair and blue dress, holds up her scissors and her portion of the red ribbon in celebration. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #479","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man in a grey-colored suit who stands on a small stage. Looking down at the orange-handled scissors in hand, he faces a small group of men and women, presumed to be library officials, as they walk towards the left side of the photo. The man on the stage is handing out pairs of scissors to members of the ribbon cutting ceremony as they make their way towards the ribbon that is just out of view. Behind the man and the stage, is another small group of men and women seated in front of bookshelves who watch as the other officials make their way to the ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #480","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library and the men and women who are filing in before the start of the ceremony. There are folding chairs set up in the middle of the room that a being filled by people coming from the entrance vestibule at the back of the space. Behind the circulation desk stands many men and women, presumed to be library staff, who watch as members of the public take their seats. In front of the audience stretching across the room, from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase, is a long red ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #481","This folder contains black and white photographs pertaining to the Robert H. Robinson Library, dated from 1946 to 1950. The photos capture the Robert H. Robinson Library building, staff, and various events.","Black and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr sitting at her desk in the Robert Robinson Branch of Alexandria Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored blazer and a dark-colored top underneath. She looks directly at the camera from a chair behind her wooden desk, which is topped with file folders, a box of catalog cards, a folded newspaper, and other items. Behind her is a cart filled books and behind her further are filled bookshelves, some are topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #494","Black and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr posing for a picture in the doorway of the Robert Robinson Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-color jacket, dark-colored top, light-colored knee length skirt, with dark-colored shoes. She stands facing the camera and seems to have her hand on the knob of the front door that is slightly ajar behind her. A stoop and front step lead up to the front of the brick building and above the white trimmed door is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #495","Black and white candid photograph taken outside the Robert Robinson Library as Miss Bracie enters the building. Facing the front of the library, the photo captures a woman, identified as Miss Bracie, stepping up to the front door of the building. With her back to the camera, Miss Bracie wears a light-colored jacket and skirt, a much lighter-colored hat with black sash, and carries a dark-colored hand bag. The building, made of brick with a dark-colored metal roof, has one brick chimney on the left side and four narrow windows that are evenly separated by the white trimmed front door. Above the front door, just under an outdoor light, is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. A cement walkway leads up to the door and is bordered on either side by shrubbery and grass. The photo is dated c.1950. Photo previously labeled as #496","Black and white photograph of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Robinson Librarian Minnie N. Fuller, sits and reads to twelve children who either sit in chairs or kneel on the carpeted floor in front of her. Fuller has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored dress with light-colored shoes. Her head is tilted down and away from the camera as she reads the book and the children, both boys and girls, are turned to face her. Behind the children are three windows that have their blinds open. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #497","Black and white photograph of a group of men and women, presumably attending an event, at the Robert H. Robinson Library. Posed in two rows, nine women and three men are pictured together with some looking directly at the camera and others facing in different directions. All are dressed up, with the women in dresses and dress hats and the men in suits. One clergyman stands in the second row and is dressed in a clerical collar. One woman is identified as Alexandria Library Director Ellen Coolidge Burke (first row, second from the left) and she is dressed in a dark jacket, light-colored shirt, light-colored skirt, and dark-colored hat. Behind the group is a wall with a bookshelf and closed door. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled #498","Black and white candid photograph taken of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Twenty-three children, listen as Robinson Librarian Sara Murphy Carr reads a picture book. Carr is wearing a light-colored outfit and dark-colored shoes. Her hair has been tied back away from her face and she looks down at the open book through her glasses. Many of the children have realized they are being photographed and have turned to face the camera, but a few have their gazes turned elsewhere. The space where the group sits is lined on three sides by filled bookshelves, some topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated April 1946. Photo previously labeled as #499","Black and white photo of the 10th Anniversary of the Robert H. +Robinson Library. Seated in five rows, a group of men and women, some young and some old, pose for a picture inside the Robert Robinson Library. Not everyone looks directly at the camera, but all are dressed professionally. Some women can be seen wearing hats and dress gloves while the men can be seen in suit and tie. One clergyman sits in the back dressed in his clerical collar. Behind the group, the walls are lined with bookshelves that have been decorated with original art work of varying sizes. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #500","This sub-series contains records documenting the branches and divisions of the Alexandria Library system including the construction of the branches and information regarding their operations. The branches represented here include the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library, the James M. Duncan Branch Library, the Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library, the Robert H. Robinson Library, the \"New Branch\" (later known as the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library), the Special Services Division, and the Lloyd House (later known as Local History and Special Collections).","This folder contains miscellaneous records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of contracts, proof of insurance, and other notes and correspondence related to the proposed addition to the Barrett branch.","This folder contains records pertaining to the construction specifications for the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include the Specifications report, prepared by the Alexandria Library Board, detailing the proposed requirements for the construction of the addition to the Barrett branch.","This folder contains financial records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of vendor invoices, reports of money spent, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the process of selecting bids for which construction agency would carry out the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of proposals, meeting minutes, press material, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from December 1947 to December 1951. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, yearly fiscal report, discard lists, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1952 to December 1955. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1956 to May 1959. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.","This series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series contains web-published resources that were created by, or are directly related to, the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia. This includes the Library website, Library social media accounts, Library blog, and the websites of Library friends' groups.","Website of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Facebook account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Instagram account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Twitter account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Youtube account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Alexandria Library's blog which focuses on adult programs, events, and services including news and updates about the Library's collection, services, resources, and programs for adults","Online donation portal for the Alexandria Library Foundation, Inc. The Alexandria Library Foundation is a non-profit organization which provides funding for the Alexandria Library System in Alexandria, Virginia","Website of the Friends of the Beatley Central Library in Alexandria, Virginia. The Friends are a volunteer organizations which works to promote the interests and programs of the Library","Website of the Friends of Duncan Library. The Friends are a volunteer organization that supports the operations of the Duncan Branch Library, located in the Del Ray neighborhood of Alexandria, Virginia","Intranet website for Alexandria Library staff","Materials relating to the Alexandria Library Board have been moved from MS098 to the Alexandria Library Board Records (MS416).","Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS098","/repositories/2/resources/157"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"collection_ssim":["Alexandria Library Records (MS098)"],"repository_ssm":["Alexandria Library"],"repository_ssim":["Alexandria Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Alexandria (Va.). Library","Public libraries."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Alexandria (Va.). Library","Public libraries."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.86 Cubic Feet 30 boxes, 1 oversized box"],"extent_tesim":["13.86 Cubic Feet 30 boxes, 1 oversized box"],"date_range_isim":[1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains confidential personnel records. Public access and use of these materials is restricted for 75 years from the date of creation of the document.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis site is only accessible to Alexandria Library staff and is not available for public research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Conditions Governing Access","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Public access to some confidential personnel records is restricted, these materials are noted as such.","This folder contains confidential personnel records. Public access and use of these materials is restricted for 75 years from the date of creation of the document.","This site is only accessible to Alexandria Library staff and is not available for public research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis finding aid describes and documents the updated arrangement of this collection as of 2023. Previously, the collection was organized into the following series: By Laws, Charters, and Agreements; Board; Annual Reports; Administration; Circulation; Construction; History; Publicity; Scrapbooks; Workshops; Queen/Barrett; Robert Robinson; Special Services; and Lloyd House. \"By-Laws, Charters, and Agreements\" and \"Administration\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance. \"History,\" \"Publicity,\" \"Scrapbooks,\" \"Workshops,\" and \"Photographs\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach. \"Construction,\" \"Queen/Barrett,\" \"Robert Robinson,\" \"Special Services,\" and \"Lloyd House,\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.5. Branch Records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \"Board\" series has been separated from MS098 and combined with other records to form a new, separate collection of Alexandria Library Board Records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe physical and intellectual arrangement of the Alexandria Library Records (MS098) has been updated a few times over the years, while remaining accessible to the public. Thus, the decision was made to maintain, as much as appropriate, the current order of the pre-existing collection as Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records; and Series 2: 21st Century Records includes the new accretions to the collection as of 2023. Future accretions to this collection will either be added to Series 2 or form a new series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 1. Founding and 20th Century Records, 1937-2005\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.1. Annual Reports\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.2. Administration and Finance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.3. Circulation Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 1.5. Branch Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSeries 2. 21st Century Records, 1994-present\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.1. Annual Reports\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.2. Administration and Finance\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.3. Branch Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.4. Programming and Outreach\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.5. Web Archives\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Notes on Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This finding aid describes and documents the updated arrangement of this collection as of 2023. Previously, the collection was organized into the following series: By Laws, Charters, and Agreements; Board; Annual Reports; Administration; Circulation; Construction; History; Publicity; Scrapbooks; Workshops; Queen/Barrett; Robert Robinson; Special Services; and Lloyd House. \"By-Laws, Charters, and Agreements\" and \"Administration\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance. \"History,\" \"Publicity,\" \"Scrapbooks,\" \"Workshops,\" and \"Photographs\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach. \"Construction,\" \"Queen/Barrett,\" \"Robert Robinson,\" \"Special Services,\" and \"Lloyd House,\" have been combined into the new Subseries 1.5. Branch Records.","The \"Board\" series has been separated from MS098 and combined with other records to form a new, separate collection of Alexandria Library Board Records.","The physical and intellectual arrangement of the Alexandria Library Records (MS098) has been updated a few times over the years, while remaining accessible to the public. Thus, the decision was made to maintain, as much as appropriate, the current order of the pre-existing collection as Series 1: Founding and 20th Century Records; and Series 2: 21st Century Records includes the new accretions to the collection as of 2023. Future accretions to this collection will either be added to Series 2 or form a new series.","Series 1. Founding and 20th Century Records, 1937-2005\n Subseries 1.1. Annual Reports Subseries 1.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 1.3. Circulation Records Subseries 1.4. History, Programming, and Outreach Subseries 1.5. Branch Records Series 2. 21st Century Records, 1994-present\n Subseries 2.1. Annual Reports Subseries 2.2. Administration and Finance Subseries 2.3. Branch Records Subseries 2.4. Programming and Outreach Subseries 2.5. Web Archives"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFounded as a subscription library in 1794 and serving as the public library of Alexandria, Virginia since 1937 – Alexandria Library has a long legacy of supporting early literacy and lifelong learning in our diverse community. The Alexandria Library builds community through its six branches by providing opportunities to learn, explore, create, and connect.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library Company (ALC) was founded on July 24, 1794 and operated a subscription library for nearly 150 years. In 1937, the ALC entered an agreement with the City of Alexandria and their collections formed the foundation of the city's first free public library. Since then, the Alexandria Library has grown into a system of six branches which serve the community of Alexandria, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Kate Waller Barrett Library opened its doors on Queen Street in 1937; this was the first location of the Alexandria Library. It was named after Dr. Kate Waller Barrett – local humanitarian, social crusader, and political reformer. The Society of Friends granted a 99-year lease for use of its old Quaker Burial Ground on Queen Street as the site for the new public library building. This library has undergone several renovations and expansions over the years, in 1954, 1964, and 1993. When the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library was built, the Barrett Library shifted from being the main library to its current role as a branch library which serves residents of Old Town Alexandria and surrounding neighborhoods.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Robert Robinson Library, named for a grandson of one of George Washington's slaves, opened in 1940 to serve black residents of Alexandria. The establishment of this new branch library was motivated by a civil rights demonstration and lawsuit brought against the Library and the City of Alexandria. The earliest known civil rights sit-in was held at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in 1939. Alexandria Attorney Samuel W. Tucker and five young African American men demonstrated this act of civil disobedience after being denied library cards. The Sit-In and following legal action resulted in the establishment of a new branch of the library to provide \"separate but equal\" library services to black residents. However, this new library branch never received the same support or funding as the main library and was never able to provide fully equitable services to the local African American community. The Alexandria Library officially integrated for adults in 1959, and for children in 1962. The Robert Robinson Library closed in 1962 and the building is now the site of the Alexandria Black History Museum. \u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.org/1939-sit-in\"\u003eMore details about the 1939 sit-in and integration of Alexandria Library, as well as links to additional resources can be found on our website.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library opened on Seminary Road in 1968. This branch library was named after Ellen Coolidge Burke (1901-1975), who served as Director of the Alexandria Library from 1948 to 1969. The Burke Branch Library serves residents of the Seminary Hill neighborhood and surrounding areas. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe James M. Duncan, Jr. Branch Library opened on Commonwealth Avenue in 1969. The Duncan Branch Library serves residents of the Del Ray neighborhood and surrounding areas. This branch was named after James M. Duncan (1897-1967), who served as Chief of the Alexandria Fire Department 1924-1947, member of City Council 1949-1967, and member of the Alexandria Library Board 1950-1967. In 2005 the Duncan Branch Library underwent renovations and became the first City of Alexandria government building to have a \"living\" roof – a Green Infrastructure approach to reducing stormwater runoff and pollution in local waterways. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Local History / Special Collections Branch was established in 1976 and first housed at Lloyd House, a historic home on the corner of Queen and North Washington Streets. In 1999, after completion of the most recent round of renovations and expansions, Local History / Special Collections moved into the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library. Local History / Special Collections stewards many valuable resources documenting the history and culture of Alexandria and Virginia from the colonial period to the present.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library opened on Duke Street in 2000. This new central library was named after former mayor of Alexandria, Charles E. \"Chuck\" Beatley, Jr. (1916-2003). Upon completion of the new main library site, library adminstration offices were moved from the Barrett Library (formerly the central library) to the Beatley Library.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2015 the Library took over management of the Alexandria Law Library, located in the basement of the Alexandria Circuit Court on King Street. The Alexandria Law Library provides legal resources for the benefit of the entire Alexandria community, including its citizens, government agencies, local businesses, the judiciary, and members of the bar.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.org/about-us#timeline\"\u003eFor a more detailed timeline of the history of Alexandria Library, check out our website.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Founded as a subscription library in 1794 and serving as the public library of Alexandria, Virginia since 1937 – Alexandria Library has a long legacy of supporting early literacy and lifelong learning in our diverse community. The Alexandria Library builds community through its six branches by providing opportunities to learn, explore, create, and connect.","The Alexandria Library Company (ALC) was founded on July 24, 1794 and operated a subscription library for nearly 150 years. In 1937, the ALC entered an agreement with the City of Alexandria and their collections formed the foundation of the city's first free public library. Since then, the Alexandria Library has grown into a system of six branches which serve the community of Alexandria, Virginia. ","The Kate Waller Barrett Library opened its doors on Queen Street in 1937; this was the first location of the Alexandria Library. It was named after Dr. Kate Waller Barrett – local humanitarian, social crusader, and political reformer. The Society of Friends granted a 99-year lease for use of its old Quaker Burial Ground on Queen Street as the site for the new public library building. This library has undergone several renovations and expansions over the years, in 1954, 1964, and 1993. When the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library was built, the Barrett Library shifted from being the main library to its current role as a branch library which serves residents of Old Town Alexandria and surrounding neighborhoods.","The Robert Robinson Library, named for a grandson of one of George Washington's slaves, opened in 1940 to serve black residents of Alexandria. The establishment of this new branch library was motivated by a civil rights demonstration and lawsuit brought against the Library and the City of Alexandria. The earliest known civil rights sit-in was held at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library in 1939. Alexandria Attorney Samuel W. Tucker and five young African American men demonstrated this act of civil disobedience after being denied library cards. The Sit-In and following legal action resulted in the establishment of a new branch of the library to provide \"separate but equal\" library services to black residents. However, this new library branch never received the same support or funding as the main library and was never able to provide fully equitable services to the local African American community. The Alexandria Library officially integrated for adults in 1959, and for children in 1962. The Robert Robinson Library closed in 1962 and the building is now the site of the Alexandria Black History Museum. More details about the 1939 sit-in and integration of Alexandria Library, as well as links to additional resources can be found on our website.","The Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library opened on Seminary Road in 1968. This branch library was named after Ellen Coolidge Burke (1901-1975), who served as Director of the Alexandria Library from 1948 to 1969. The Burke Branch Library serves residents of the Seminary Hill neighborhood and surrounding areas. ","The James M. Duncan, Jr. Branch Library opened on Commonwealth Avenue in 1969. The Duncan Branch Library serves residents of the Del Ray neighborhood and surrounding areas. This branch was named after James M. Duncan (1897-1967), who served as Chief of the Alexandria Fire Department 1924-1947, member of City Council 1949-1967, and member of the Alexandria Library Board 1950-1967. In 2005 the Duncan Branch Library underwent renovations and became the first City of Alexandria government building to have a \"living\" roof – a Green Infrastructure approach to reducing stormwater runoff and pollution in local waterways. ","The Local History / Special Collections Branch was established in 1976 and first housed at Lloyd House, a historic home on the corner of Queen and North Washington Streets. In 1999, after completion of the most recent round of renovations and expansions, Local History / Special Collections moved into the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library. Local History / Special Collections stewards many valuable resources documenting the history and culture of Alexandria and Virginia from the colonial period to the present.","The Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library opened on Duke Street in 2000. This new central library was named after former mayor of Alexandria, Charles E. \"Chuck\" Beatley, Jr. (1916-2003). Upon completion of the new main library site, library adminstration offices were moved from the Barrett Library (formerly the central library) to the Beatley Library.","In 2015 the Library took over management of the Alexandria Law Library, located in the basement of the Alexandria Circuit Court on King Street. The Alexandria Law Library provides legal resources for the benefit of the entire Alexandria community, including its citizens, government agencies, local businesses, the judiciary, and members of the bar.","For a more detailed timeline of the history of Alexandria Library, check out our website."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|8c5ffb42-5524-4dc7-a8b4-a73f7efd331e/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|894c2868-34c0-45cb-bbd7-b6116cb9124d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|da857c0c-296a-44f7-ab6a-7c2ef7f6321b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this 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href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a960a00f-aef4-4102-a090-28ef0e774a1f/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5e07d27c-0667-496c-9fc9-a759401ea84b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|2dd86645-aee7-4dc0-a448-8b1a366ca43d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a7289215-eaca-4f70-9db5-d618c4b4268c/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|aaecee73-770b-4dc0-a5fb-ad424505e3af/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5b2baaaa-f268-433b-bcd8-f7b58ee756fa/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|8f393379-c7c0-4289-aa97-126c07454c2d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|65ba51a6-9980-437c-a0a8-9b812c7bcc1e/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|3cb9e051-78a0-4171-b705-aa095bc9dc16/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|e3006d3f-5648-4960-bfb3-9cde4dbd0ef8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|aa233c09-5939-412e-ac97-bde4def034fd/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b99e3355-3be7-4288-a295-1b89032f8de2/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|42d1f5cf-e5b5-4129-abf6-30490e68519e/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|32b50591-64c3-4030-995c-1b642c546c40/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|59d54aa3-37dd-419e-897c-f610719602b7/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b5be668b-4c36-4186-8982-c16a1e229d20/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5508d012-7643-425b-9b49-31611b2325d6/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|d3219ad0-703a-41e9-8972-5bfbaed888fe/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|d2bc9b53-ce4d-4869-b028-4ef1fcb073d8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b85331ca-2989-4d5f-a470-b747374c2e26/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|54f81cf7-7e77-4afc-86f0-85ee02d37d9d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|90873c83-9782-4565-bbf8-4ed37cdb2e30/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|8e9971ee-f82c-4f42-a701-f3c0fd9ed4d2/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|7d24ac36-712a-4d1b-a5c3-39689988ba89/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|3898e720-d3d6-4504-aa3c-6ced13f46f0a/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|c930dfaa-faf1-4aaf-802c-aa69bc9d0255/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|42ee1234-2a7a-4586-b695-537409ca618d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|b1455d2e-d41b-4e0b-a840-cddafdb00d1f/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|939d736b-20ce-4597-91fd-b898bae33ee8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|aa0f3389-f894-4fd8-8646-a6279a20e2e8/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|bd555e9e-6bd1-4deb-ae8e-29fac38fa0f3/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|24ecb5a1-ca62-43cd-82dc-58e78eb5b0a6/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|ec845170-dd5f-4d9d-a3eb-2f7f54f28c45/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|fd71f510-2900-4932-b5c8-773d356aa74d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|46aa3cbc-c3ca-428b-a3eb-9f864ded1fbe/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a1b1a124-cb67-4004-8a52-cabc0540ba50/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|156e31ad-c793-4d9f-95e2-593309eba75f/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|d5866300-0f94-4c3e-be37-bfafcd4df310/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|e7f934e4-04aa-4a51-9c3a-696a98984e7b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|cd7d450f-3958-4cfa-a637-a8e9b5f9a32e/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|78bf04d9-2a23-43c7-9f14-b6a1b23cacad/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|73f914f5-6412-43c7-983d-dec481f0f04b/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|1a5f9bab-d6c2-4194-ba71-5b17d55f7a72/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a9ddda38-eeb7-4fdc-946b-729494c91c2c/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|1a453d9f-7d9f-4a8b-8204-d513852f7af7/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|37d51356-2123-4ac7-bcf3-9428ed029bd3/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|e9d4ae49-f62c-4abe-b5ce-d23640fbc58c/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|37dc006e-c5f4-459a-bffb-17c61fc31ccf/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|684bd62b-8c67-4e5b-a1ba-c1e58e3f39d7/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|ac73a1cb-67b8-4866-9499-bc01d4094795/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|2a3c6321-c868-4e7e-8ac4-50406bc2364f/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|5c81d4b1-2478-4441-a007-6e226a86dc57/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|4f88a2f1-2c40-4dff-8ea4-7d619258ddf2/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|9eea9153-d572-49d3-89e6-5dde9c707fb3/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_8d26fcf8-3240-42a3-980a-5a9b5c36a799/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_5f5caa20-94ee-4a8c-aa92-4846b9d4bb06/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_2ccfcc8f-1750-4827-93e5-a48b087f848e/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_57f3ac3b-1b71-4822-b7ab-d385c0745fd6/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_3f9debd1-c9cd-4829-9c4d-faeff29054eb/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_2a03f7ca-b38c-4d5a-806a-44e43d2cd07f/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_3cd4c4fd-ac94-4ecd-8b1c-ebbf68947ebf/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_377eaa24-a27b-4ab8-b9d7-e646dd0acd04/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_e8c1dbe2-0cd7-4630-8fa7-7c0a3600b2ba/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_ad33be2f-988d-46dc-8af1-7570646ec86c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_c807fe07-5c93-4f45-b127-f34f69792d14/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_1050a027-9948-4d50-a0b8-9ad8209ddf43/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_9de17d10-3ff9-4b7a-8ada-bcb8516bbf44/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0ddb12b6-9660-4beb-8c3e-1cddf6dbc5d6/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_92648e88-c666-4240-ba23-b63f38c2f7f5/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_baeb425f-988d-4260-b03d-42f14f27ed35/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_3dd28149-ff59-4338-9377-3b57908d60be/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_306e35f6-f6e4-4dc8-881f-de7789226254/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_d923bbd1-f787-40e4-b734-fe774de9d671/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_16446faa-6fa3-438c-8d22-508fb5086ea4/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_a4d69cb1-8bfa-4dcf-9fe3-8aba298089ee/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_2de9865f-5bba-4df1-823e-09dc3854550b/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_81823870-b373-467a-bcbd-6da2615b67fa/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_757b7a02-74da-4f7d-b452-452b6a1b03d2/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_08c3f44c-3a27-41ef-84b3-8d1119221242/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_08826eda-2d9f-487b-bafe-033492030b15/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_cfb5087b-4b70-4dd6-9ce5-47eab9f8cbb4/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_e11f0483-c0ae-4bb1-8f7b-5ce0309bcd1a/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|1cb336fd-b790-463d-8428-0107d1fb51ed/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_a98401b5-cece-43b1-8b86-13ae83f2d5d2/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_7217f04a-471e-4390-947d-d79144bf6bf3/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_b4694a54-c2de-4ce3-a020-1a42ec6dea9c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_36e0020f-b6e2-4a1e-b595-22b71499d4a3/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_6fc46310-c142-46af-b700-3c65782a67ad/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_3bce1e32-92ea-40ce-b685-781487e455bb/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_be6795b0-32eb-4cde-b3e0-f0a64366f38a/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_62d33928-cff8-4acc-a43b-ee03a0f65e9b/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_9c0e9d98-b00d-4205-866c-8bd43f29d524/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_63d1c489-23ca-4587-b414-46d48961c2f9/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0216e8ce-4243-4cca-9aa6-9abcc56d58ee/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_517ff26e-273c-4573-b8aa-aa627c5b0ebc/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_29801f28-6292-4b61-872d-b43c8b6d06c9/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_c6c9bafe-52e9-433f-8661-0018a88bc75d/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_b66676d3-9a94-46c8-a6ea-15307467d6f8/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_9a91b309-7768-4318-96f1-3cfbcbebfd01/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_047cc9f1-21a6-4413-9fad-423b2a6b1287/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_9def87fa-923f-42aa-91d4-d523b217572c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_b600ef6a-88a3-4b9c-bf74-544ff932504c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_41f7a306-87ba-4f8d-8bcb-0b1e585beab4/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_df338f73-4e79-4e24-ab1a-a79f6a7173ab/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_e7ad605a-1b53-4cc0-8c0e-19e79b6eae27/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_d4b38950-b6fc-4069-a664-af4b1ce0f9d3/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_7df4a52c-ca65-42cb-8c2c-09b723adf9b1/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0f521b29-f4d6-4302-8cd8-a1eac6f300e2/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_6c25b7fa-1db7-42c9-8948-7d3805eb7108/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_24877cf2-aa65-4b49-aaee-e15fe97595e6/\"\u003eClick to view digital image\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|3631fba4-c057-4cf9-bbaa-5dda3f2aba99/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_36a3db3c-3fdc-4d8f-8605-6b19ca02bbcb/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_489cc776-71f8-4e02-9e21-c1c0a4f3d7eb/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_e132f549-c44e-400d-802b-1e0b138dfd87/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_a3fc3610-a308-41bd-b18d-1d646c686c93/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_ecc756a-5465-41dc-aa80-9bbe20a4e035/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_412c87c9-163e-4d24-9357-34df2d5b2e13/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_86226d16-3485-4c02-9899-416b154faf4f/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_d71c63e2-497e-4148-895e-76585974cc7f/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_1e293ccb-6685-4d42-8754-46ad7af35cd5/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_98258815-7f00-4c3f-9d17-c541d81a5b0d/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_cec40410-d1be-4bb0-9bab-39f7f1862657/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_a69eac6f-09a7-4ee9-8824-29f6b50aaa7c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_d2489d87-1587-457a-9a0f-c6f94c163579/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0d92ea83-e458-4751-9063-9fb3bd142972/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_f99b2dd5-b7a3-4b07-a02c-f4841a44a8d0/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_8273f353-7452-4a28-87e0-ce616e9f2824/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_c3e2b27f-4697-4fc4-a5ab-bde61ba57cc5/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_bfbbea77-dbaa-4eef-9079-275157ebaf30/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_65863205-3ff9-4761-84af-7761f2975e01/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_1691260a-b4bd-4744-85e2-d1169db31b74/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_cfaf4395-77de-4b9b-b77b-05a456df6544/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|18e5b879-6f2c-4dc3-89e5-443adff9d573/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_82a998a6-8b94-42a9-8a79-1581409e01ca/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_c56c7e77-c8f4-4e70-97bc-7514347c11a8/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_7002486d-6012-4b1e-8b7b-cb949e624ef4/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_0aa7d5cd-e501-4cba-a140-9205abd05e15/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_15a41923-5fd3-454c-99bc-2c496ecd248d/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_4f02dfee-b8f7-4fde-abd1-6f3963571a2c/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/uncategorized/IO_e165e654-085c-4d9b-bf5e-786ed83b6f30/\"\u003eClick to view digital image.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|bfbbbe62-d9d3-4cf4-8778-a75f1176ded1/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|469929aa-96de-404c-b28a-dad33a3fbf61/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|fd1b19e2-354f-4a0a-b8cb-b7972dfd577d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|e4d695b7-bcb3-4de9-a6da-69868a468dc0/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|a27070eb-8bbd-40f6-a778-8a6a471dab0d/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|4b87dab3-2ee7-4afd-acd2-c600aa643096/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|95a9052a-3434-468e-a53e-310b85f4798c/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibrary.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|7df764bf-7bf5-4d68-9f36-283a4bd781fe/\"\u003eClick to view digital materials in this collection\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://archive-it.org/collections/20256\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://alexlibraryva.org/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://www.facebook.com/AlexLibraryVA/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://instagram.com/alexlibraryva/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://twitter.com/alexlibraryva/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://www.youtube.com/@AlexandriaLibrary\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://outofthestacks.com/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://www.mightycause.com/organization/Alexandria-Library-Foundation/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://beatleyfriends.org/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/20256/*/https://www.friendsofduncanlibrary.org/\"\u003eClick to view web archives\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital Materials","Digital 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view web archives","Click to view web archives","Click to view web archives","Click to view web archives","Click to view web archives","Click to view web archives","Click to view web archives"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Item description], Alexandria Library Records, MS098, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Item description], Alexandria Library Records, MS098, Alexandria Library, Local History and Special Collections, Alexandria, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Library Board Records\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://alexlibraryva.libraryhost.com/repositories/2/resources/128\"\u003eAlexandria Library Company Records (MS002)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Alexandria Library Board Records\n Alexandria Library Company Records (MS002)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the records of the Alexandria Library, documenting the administration and operation of the Library, dating from the founding of the public library in 1937 through the present. Included are administrative records, annual reports, financial records, circulation records, materials documenting the history of the Library, programming and outreach records, and records of the individual branches of the library system. Formats include textual documents, photographs, and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Alexandria Library is an active organization, and so this collection is a living collection which will be periodically added to and updated. Check this collection guide for any future updates to the collection. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains materials documenting the Alexandria Library, from its founding as a public library in 1937 through the early 2000s. The majority of documents in this series pertain to the decades between 1950 and 2000. These records document the administration and operations of the Library and its individual branches, as well as materials documenting the history of the Alexandria Library. Documents include annual reports, financial records, correspondence, project files, and other administrative documentation. Also included in this series are ephemera and realia, photographs and other graphic materials, and some oversized materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1938 through 1942. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1943 through 1946. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1947 through 1948. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1949 through 1950. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1951 through 1953. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1954 through 1956. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1957 through 1959. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1960 through 1961. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1964. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains administrative and financial records of the Alexandria Library. Documents include correspondence, budgets and other financial records, affirmative action records, bylaws and agreements, official city proclamations, gift records, and other administrative materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1937 through the 1950s. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from the 1950s through the 1992. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plan put in place for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1975.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action policy used to create an Affirmative Action plan for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the City of Alexandria, dating from 1976 and 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action plans from both 1976 and 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the Alexandria Public Library, dating from 1978 through 1982. Documents include reference material used to create the Affirmative Action plans including OSHA Recordkeeping guidelines and guidelines from the Department of Equal Employment Opportunity for the City of Alexandria. Other documents include Alexandria Public Library's Affirmative Action goals, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1974 through 1976. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1977 through 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1981 through 1987. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, membership reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1938 through 1944. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1945 through 1948. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1949 through 1951. Documents include proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1951 through 1953. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1953 through 1955. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include , proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the budget for the City of Alexandria's City Planning and Capital Improvement programs in regard to the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1950 through 1961. Documents include final budget reports, proposed budgets, proposed building projects, draft material, reference material, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to Rules, Regulations, and Review articles for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1937 through 1955. Documents include inquiries regarding librarian salaries of other Virginia public libraries, proposed rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, final rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, meeting minutes, library directories, press regarding the library, and related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a 2014 copy of the introduced House Joint Resolution No. 418 which details the historical significance of the 1939 Alexandria Library Sit-in to the House of Delegates, Mayor of Alexandria, and General Assembly and proposes that this information be conveyed at an upcoming ceremony.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1951. Documents included correspondence, press regarding Alexandria Public Library, proposals for the planning and construction of the Robert Robinson Library, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1952 through 1961. Documents include written correspondence, meeting and presentation notes, book acquisitions and acquisition proposals, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the professional and nonprofessional duties within public libraries set forth by the American Library Association, dated from 1948. Documents include the preliminary draft of the Descriptive List of Professional and Nonprofessional Duties in Libraries handbook.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to position descriptions and pay plans for Virginia public libraries, dated from 1950. Documents include a guidebook detailing all positions available with Virginia public libraries, their position descriptions, and recommended qualifications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", dated from 1951. Documents include a handbook titled \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", written by the American Library Association, detailing guides and standards for library administrative staff to utilize when creating administrative plans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to information and guidelines for new City of Alexandria employees, dated from 1950 to 1986. Documents include guidebooks detailing fundamental information regarding being employed by the City of Alexandria, code of ethics, and guidelines for managers to effectively communicate employee evaluations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records documenting circulation statistics of the Library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include overall number of books circulated during a given year and ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1941 through 1942. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1943 through 1944. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949 through 1953. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1946. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains materials of mixed formats documenting the history of the Library and its programming and outreach work. Documents include scrapbooks, posters, news clippings, correspondence, administrative documents, event programs, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains materials pertaining to Alexandria Library history, dating from 1957-1961. Documents include newspaper clippings from various local newspapers, event photos, correspondence, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1960. Documents include notes, correspondence, and copies of newspaper articles relating to the library.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library. Documents include copies of events schedules, event programs, summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1947. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1955 through 1973. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1936 through 1954. Documents include summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1945 through 1985. Documents include copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to publicity correspondence for Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1954-1986. Documents include correspondence relating to proposed exhibits, cosmetic changes to library branches, research inquiries, proof of membership, thank-you messages, plans for library news releases, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to press releases for Alexandria Library, dated from 1947-1986. Documents include drafts of news releases, draft 5-year plan documents, descriptions of upcoming library programs, mock-ups for news articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to events related to Alexandria Library, dated from 1954 through 1992. Documents include programs from library events and other notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains biographical research materials about James M. Duncan, Jr. (the namesake of the Duncan Branch) which were collected by branch managers of Duncan Branch. Materials include notes, newsclippings, and photocopies of newsclippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The smiling officials cutting the red ribbon, who include six men and two women, are dressed professionally and each holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #402\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The officials, who include six men and two women, have not yet cut the red ribbon and are dressed professionally. Each of the eight officials holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photograph is dated September 10th, 1995. Photo previously labeled #403\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo of men and women milling around the first floor of the Barrett Branch was taken, presumably, after the conclusion of the ceremony. Some of the people pictured are in conversation with one another, while others are taking in their surroundings. In the foreground is a podium framed on either side by yellow flowers and an American flag. In the background are library books shelves and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #404\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo was taken amidst a crowd of people attending the ceremony on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The men and women of various ages stand milling around the space. Some are in conversation with one another while others look in many directions, taking in their surroundings. Visible in the background is the entrance to the library that consists of floor to ceiling windows allowing natural daylight to stream in. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #405\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of several people standing around on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The three men and one woman in the foreground are in conversation with each other but only the two men on the right have realized the group is being photographed. The two men on the right are looking at the camera and smiling, while the women is still speaking and the third man is looking to his right with his back to the photographer. In the background are other people, some in conversation and some not, as well as empty chairs set up against filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #406\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A large audience of men and women have filled the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably watching as the ceremony unfolds. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the space while the rest of the crowd have filled the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the room, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #407\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Two women stand posing for a picture, on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. With their arms around each other, the woman on the left looks directly at the camera while the women on the right smiles at something out of frame on the left. In the background are more people, men and women, milling around the large indoor space. Some are in conversation with one another and others are simply moving about the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #409\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of two smiling men and a young child posing for a picture together. On the left, the young child stands holding the hand of the man in the middle who has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red patterned tie. The man on the right, who stands with his hand on the shoulder of the man in the middle, has white hair and is wearing glasses and a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and blue tie. All three stand under a half visible, gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that is hanging on the wall behind them. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #410\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together. The three men are all wearing dark-colored suits with light-colored shirts and ties. The two children, one boy and one girl, stand in front of the men in the middle and on the right. The boy wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants while the girl wears a striped, long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink shoelaces. All five smile at the camera as they pose under a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. The woman in the portrait has her white hair tied back in a bun and sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #411\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A woman stands posing for a picture with the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett hanging near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and skirt, smiles as she looks to left at something just out of frame. She stands below the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. In the portrait, Kate Waller Barrett has her white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #412\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together under the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The man on the left has white hair and is wearing glasses, a dark-colored suit, a light-colored shirt and blue tie. He has his hand on the shoulder of the little girl to the right of him who wears a striped long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink laces. The little girl holds the hand of the man in the middle who wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and dark patterned tie. Next to him, on the right, stands the little boy who wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants. The little boy holds the hand of the last man on the right who has brown hair and mustache, glasses, and wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and red patterned tie. All five stand beneath the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has her white hair tied back into a bun. She sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #413\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of four men standing in front of the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance to the library. The two men on the left are greeting each other and the two men on the right are standing separately both looking in opposite directions towards things just out of frame. All the men are dressed in suits and ties and three out of four are wearing glasses. The leftmost man is holding multiple pairs of scissors and the second man from the right is holding an event program. Behind them, hanging on the wall is the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. Also in the background, off to the left, is a child, seemingly in motion, appearing blurry in the photograph. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #414\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of a group of men and women standing around a table of computers on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. On the round table there are four white computers, each with their own keyboard and mouse. Two of the computers are in use, one by a man in dark dress pants and white shirt and the other by two people, a woman and young man, working together. In the background are other people milling about as well as library bookshelves and a set of stairs leading to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #415\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of two groups of men and women, some sitting and some standing, inside of the library presumably before the ceremony begins. To left is a group of seated people, partially blocked from view by a desk, and to the right is a group of men standing together in conversation. Between the two groups sits a small stage with an American flag, bordered at the front by small pots of yellow flowers. In the background are rows of both tall and short bookshelves in front of a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #416\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of two women and one man standing in conversation with one another. The two women are both in light-colored dresses and the woman on the right faces away from the camera and carries a purse. The man wears glasses and is dressed in a light-colored suit with a white dress shirt and patterned tie. The woman on the left looks across to the woman on the right as she and the man in the middle are looking at each other. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #417\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of men and women milling about inside the Barrett Branch. The people in the foreground seem to be in conversation with each other while others are having separate conversations in the background. The photo is being taken from behind a bookshelf decorated with a potted plant whose leaves have just started to come in to frame on the right side of the photo. Behind the people are more bookshelves, decorated with flowers, and a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #418\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of four men, one woman, and two children. Every person pictured is looking in a different direction, some seeming to be moving towards different parts of the room and appearing blurry in the photo. All of the men are dressed in suits, the woman wears a pink buttoned jacket, the little boy wears a light-color button-down, and the little girl wears a striped long-sleeve dress. Behind them on the wall hangs a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant is hanging from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #419\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. In the library stands many men, women, and children milling about the space. Some are in conversation with one another, while others take in their surroundings or speak to people sitting behind the circulation desk to the left of the photo. To the right of the photo is the beginning of a staircase that leads to the second floor of the library. Visible from the balcony, the second floor is filled with bookshelves. In the background, on the lower level, stands a small stage and podium framed by small pots of yellow flowers and an American flag as well as a glass-front room whose windows are letting in bright daylight. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #420\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch and there are men and women milling around in the space, some in conversation with one another and others taking in their surroundings. On the right side of the picture, some of the people stand in front of the circulation desk, decorated with pots of yellow and orange flowers. On the left side of the picture are some glass display cases displaying open books. In the background are the floor to ceiling windows of the entrance vestibule that are providing bright, natural light to the room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #421\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Pictured is a large audience of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the room while the rest of the crowd have begun filling in the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the crowd, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #422\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women, of differing ages, standing around a table of computers. At the round table, there are two people with their backs to the camera sharing the same computer, to their right is one woman at the next computer, and the next computer has a group of four sharing the same computer. In the foreground is a shelf that has been decorated with a pot of flowers, that have taken up the left side of the picture. In the background, behind the group of people at the computers is glass-front room and a few people within. Inside the room are bookshelves on the left wall and tables and chairs filling the middle. The windows on the back wall have had their blinds drawn to shade the interior from the bright daylight shining through. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #423\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of some people, both men and women, looking at the available materials on the bookshelves around them on the second floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some of the men and women are browsing the shelves while others have begun reading their chosen materials. In the foreground are shorter bookshelves, with one man crouching to get a better look at the offerings on the bottom shelf. In the background are taller bookshelves, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. Behind the taller bookshelves are some tables and chairs that have been backlit by the daylight coming through the windows on the back wall. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #424\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience facing a group of people who seem like library officials seated at the front of the room. The seated audience is facing away from the camera and the group of men and women at the front of the room are applauding in welcome to the man who is standing at the front of the room. He has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and a grey suit with dark tie. Off to the right of the photo is a staircase that leads to the second floor whose balcony sits above the group of clapping men and women. Behind them stands bookshelves, completely filled, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #425\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking to an audience from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and white shirt, is looking through her glasses out over the audience. Behind her is both short and tall bookshelves, as well as a wall of glass, and to the left stands an American flag. The woman at the podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch where three musicians sit with music stands in front of them and bookshelves at their back. In the foreground, somewhat blocking the view of the seated audience, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of paper. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #426\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience, extending out of frame, who have their attention on a man speaking from an elevated podium. The man at podium, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red tie, is looking down at the podium through his glasses. Behind the podium are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The man at the podium stands beneath the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Visible through the balcony's railing are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #427\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking from behind a podium. The man is standing, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and dark patterned tie, looking down at the podium through his dark tinted glasses. Behind him are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library where three chairs and two music stands are set up. The right most chair is occupied by a person in white shirt and dark pants. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #428\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a blue dress and matching blue jacket, looks out to an audience just out of frame and she is observed by a small panel of professionally dressed men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right side of the picture. The picture is being taken from behind the circulation desk, complete with computer, receipt printer, and landline phone. A pot of yellow, orange and red flowers sits atop the desk, partially blocking an American flag from view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #429\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium in front of an audience of people that extends out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink blazer over a dark patterned dress with a string of pearls around her neck, is looking down at the podium while the audience listens. Behind her are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The speaker and podium stand beneath an the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library, where three chairs, music stands, and musicians are seated and viewable through the balcony's railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #430\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking to an audience, extending out of frame, from an elevated podium. The man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with white shirt and dark patterned tie, is looking down at the podium while holding up a closed book in his right hand and paper in his left hand. Behind him are rows of short and tall bookshelves, some decorated with flowers, in front of a glass-front room. Above the podium sits the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, on the left side of the picture, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of papers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #431\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to audience, which extends out of frame. The woman is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress, and looks out over the audience at something not visible as the audience turns to follow her gaze. To her left and right are men in dark-colored suits and ties that also follow her line-of-sight. Behind her are bookshelves, both tall and short, and a glass-front room. Above the podium is the second-floor balcony and through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, blocking some of the audience from view, is the circulation desk with a computer and piles of paper. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #432\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This slightly out of focus, color candid photograph is of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to an audience that is seated just out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink jacket over a dark, patterned dress, is bordered by a group of seated men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right and an American flag on the left. Above the woman at the podium is the second-floor balcony and behind her are tall bookshelves and a glass front room. The photo is being taken from behind the circulation desk which has a computer and a pot of yellow, red and orange flowers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #433\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women in conversation with each other amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of four men and two women, presumed to be library officials, who trade smiles and handshakes in front of a clapping audience. Some of the members of the group are still holding scissors and the pieces of red ribbon that were cut as part of the ceremony. Behind them are bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #434\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of three men and two women, some still holding scissors and pieces of the red ribbon cut during the ceremony. The smiling woman in the middle has offered a handshake to the man to the left of her as the audience applauds them. Behind the ribbon cutters are tall and short bookshelves that extend backwards into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #435\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of a group of three men and one woman, presumed to be library officials, are trading smiles and the woman offers a handshake to the man on the far left. The woman has grey hair and wears a matching blue jacket and dress. The men are dressed professionally in suits and ties. They stand in front of a small stage and podium, lined with small pots of yellow flowers and decorated by an American flag. Behind them are bookshelves, both tall and short, that extend backwards toward a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #436\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. This candid photograph depicts several people standing behind the main circulation desk on the first floor of the Barrett Branch. In the foreground of the photo is a woman wearing a magenta dress and holding two books. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #408\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor portrait of an outdoor sign from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library after renovations were completed in 1995. On a bright, sunny day at the corner of a red-brick building sits a white sign that reads \"The 200 Block of North Columbus St. Welcomes the New Library\" and just below that it reads \"Thank You\". Propped up on a wooden easel, the sign is decorated by a single gold, metallic balloon that is moving with the wind. Behind the sign to the right are row houses and a parked car. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #441\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library officials sit next to a stage and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. The woman has white hair and is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress turns her head to welcome another woman who making her way to an empty chair among the group of officials. The woman being welcomed has tied back, brown hair and glasses and is wearing a colorful dress and black, t-strap shoes. Some of the men and women in the group of officials clap while others offer warm smiles to the approaching woman. Behind them is a small circulation desk and filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #442\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor portrait photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library staff stand behind the circulation desk and smile at the camera. Four women are directly behind the desk and five more seem to be coming out of the room just behind the desk. Some of the other women have realized their picture is being taken and look at the camera, while others have not and continue their conversations with one another. One man stands in front of the desk and has turned to face the camera while a final woman seems to being walking past him. Folding chairs are set up and extend out of frame and because each still has a paper program on it, it is likely the event has not yet started. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #443\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two group of presumed library officials both sit and stand next to a small stage. Though not all the chairs are filled, the seated group includes three women and four men, all dressed professionally, who seem to be waiting for the event to start. The standing group, consisting of three men and two women, are all in conversation with one another. The woman in the middle with white hair, blue dress and light-colored purse is speaking and the remainder of the standing group leans in to listen. Behind them is the stage, decorated with an American flag, and both tall and short bookshelves that extend out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #444\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera aims at the circulation desk and the people that stand around it. Presumed to be library staff, four women stand together and all but one is smiling up at the camera. Other people, presumed to be library staff and officials, stand around the desk. Some are in conversation and others are looking in different directions around the room. In front of the circulation desk, extending out of frame, are rows of folding chairs each with a paper program on the seats. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #445\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Set up on the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch, are three female musicians in the midst of performing. All three are wearing white dress shirts and black bottoms and each sit in her own wooden chair across from sheet music on a music stand and plays from a flute. Behind them are a man and a woman in conversation leaning over the balcony railing to get a better view of what is going on the floor below. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #446\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, pictured is a man in a dark suit and tie speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage, which he shares with an American flag. Bordering the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers. To the left and right of the stage sit two groups of men and women, presumably library officials who have their attention on the man speaking. Behind them are rows of both tall and short bookshelves that extend back into the room and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #447\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Men and women of varying ages stand milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch library seeming after the conclusion of the ceremony. In the foreground, one man sits at a table with his hands on a computer keyboard and converses with the two women who are speaking to him. The woman on the left has short brown hair and wears a blue jacket and the woman on the right has short greying hair and wears a white shirt, denim bottoms, and carries a small purse. In the background is a larger group pf men and women, gathered around a table of computers. Behind are bookshelves that extend to the other side of the room where more people sit at tables in conversation. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #448\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Outside the front entrance of the Barrett Branch Library, in the shade of a tree, is a group of men and women who seem to be waiting for the library to open and for the ceremony to begin. On the front doors, illuminated by the sun, two signs read \"Re-opening\" and \"Sept. 10, 2PM\". Some of the group are sitting on the red brick retaining wall outside of the library while other stand in conversation closer to the entrance. The building is red brick, with white columns and white doors. A large, half-moon shaped windows sits atop the doors allowing natural light to fill the entrance vestibule within. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #449\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The photo is aimed at the circulation desk where some people have begun to converse with the library staff behind the desk. In front of the desk, the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library has been filled with folding chairs where a few people have begun to sit. There are folded programs on each of the folding chairs, suggesting that the ceremony has not yet begun. On the right side of the picture are bookshelves that fill the space at the back of the main floor as well as the second floor, which is visible through the balcony railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #450\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the picture is focused on the group of men and women standing against the wall behind the circulation desk. There are nine women and two men visible, dressed professionally, and most of them seem to have their attention on something happening just out of frame on the right. In front of the desk on the left is the beginnings of a seated audience and starting from the circulation desk extending out of frame across the front of the audience stretches the red ribbon that has yet to be cut. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #451\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. A group of two men, one woman, and one young man are standing in conversation with each other next to a round table that currently holds computers, of which only the keyboards and mice are visible. The young man has dark hair and wears a blue collared shirt and the woman he is next to has short brown hair and wears a blue patterned dress and carries a white purse. The two men are both dressed in dark suits with light dress shirts. The man with glasses wears a dark tie. Behind them are some table and chairs separating the group from the tall book shelves that extend out passed both sides of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #452\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two men are pictured in conversation with each other while standing behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The men both wear suits with light-colored shirts, and the viewer is clearly able to see that the man on the left is wearing glasses and a tie. The man on the right has his back to the camera because his attention is on the other man who seems to be explaining something while pointing to something just out of sight on the left. In front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and beside the stage are rows of wooden chairs that have yet to be filled. Each chair has a folded program that seems to suggest the ceremony has yet to begin. Behind the men and the stage are bookshelves, both tall and short, that are filled with material. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #453\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Pointed toward the interior entrance of the Barrett Branch, taken from the opposite end of the main floor, men and women are milling about the space presumably after the conclusion of the ribbon cutting. In the foreground are men and women using the available computers and in front of them is a large gathering of people milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some seem to be in conversation with one another, while other seem to simply be moving around the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #454\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at where the ceremony will be held. A large seated audience of men and women is forming behind a red ribbon that has been stretched from the circulation desk to the staircase's railing on the opposite side of the room. The men and women standing behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff and the few men and women that stand on the other side of the red ribbon from the audience are the library officials that will be speaking during the ceremony. The library officials seem to be looking at someone just out of frame and two of them are waving to try and get their attention. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #455\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch where folding chairs have been set up in the middle of the room for an audience that has begun filing in. Men and women of varying ages and dress are coming in through the bright, naturally lit entrance vestibule, stopping at the circulation desk, before finding an empty seat. The men and women behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff who are either in conversation with one another or watching the people who are filing into the library. Just in front of the audience, stretching from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase at the opposite of the room, is a red ribbon that is being handled by a woman in a dark top and patterned skirt. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #456\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points at a small group of men and women who are seated in wooden chairs to the left of a small stage with a podium. Seated in two rows, the group consists of four women and three men, and are presumed to be library officials. They are all in professional dress, either in suits and ties or dresses and blazers, and the front row seems to be conversation with each other. Just behind them, extending backward into the space, are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #457\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, wearing glasses and dressed in a grey-colored suit with a white shirt and dark-colored tie, holds a book in one hand and paper in the other as he looks out at the audience in front of him. The men and women seated next to the stage, who are presumed to be library officials, have their attention on the speaker. The stage is bordered in the front by small pots of yellow flowers and framed in the back by bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #458\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. The men and women, presumed to be library officials, stand with their hands over their hearts as they face the American flag that sits on the stage. All professionally dressed, only one man and one woman stand on the stage while the others stand to either side as they seem to recite the Pledge of Allegiance. Behind the stage are rows of bookshelves that extend backwards and out of frame. Above the stage is the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #459\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her just out of view. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #460\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. Although the picture is out of focusing, appearing blurry, a woman with red hair and glasses, wearing a red blazer and skirt, can be seen speaking from the podium. With their attention on the speaker at the podium, the men and women that sit next to the stage are presumed to be library officials. The stage, framed at the front by small pots of yellow flowers, backs up to rows of short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #461\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. On the stage, standing at the podium, is a man with glasses wearing a dark-colored suit and tie with a red pocket square. He looks down at the paper on the podium as he speaks to the audience in front of him, sitting just out of view. The men and women sitting next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, are dressed professionally as some turn their attention toward the speaker. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and rows of short bookshelves sit at the back of the stage. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #462\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the left side of the picture, many men and women sit in folding chairs as they listen to the man speaking from the small elevated stage and podium in front of them. Stretching from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase is a red ribbon that separates the audience from the men and women on and around the stage. There are also men and women that stand behind the circulation desk, presumed to be library staff, that have their attention on the man at the podium, who is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt. On either side of the stage, separated from the general audience, sit other men and women who are presumed to be library officials. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #463\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the right side of the picture sits a large audience of men and women that extends backwards out if frame. They are separated from the small stage and podium by a red ribbon that stretches from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase that leads to the second floor. Behind the circulation desk stands a few men and women, who are presumed to be library staff, who have their attention on the man that speaks from the podium. The speaker, dressed in a dark-colored suit and tie, looks down at the paper on the podium as he addresses the audience in front of him. The people sitting to left and right of the stage, who are separate from the general audience, are presumed to be library officials who are part of the ceremony proceedings. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #464\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing in behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, dressed in a grey-colored suit and glasses, seems to have his head tilted down in pause to accept the applause he is receiving from the people around him. Next to the stage sits a group of men and women who are presumed to be library officials. One man and one woman can be seen clapping for the man on the stage. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and the back of the stage is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward out of view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #465\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a woman standing behind a podium on a small elevate stage. The woman has grey hair, dressed in a matching blue dress and blazer, and looks out at the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. There is a group of men and women seated in three rows next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, who look and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. Behind the stage and the group of library officials are some tall and short bookshelves that extend backward into the space and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #466\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where men and women are milling around presumably after the ribbon has been cut officially opening the library. The men and women, of all ages and in varying dress, are either in conversation with one another or are on the move to a different part of the space. Some are making their way up the stairs and past whomever is taking the picture while others are moving towards the rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. Barely visible amongst the people is a small stage and podium where library officials had spoken during the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #467\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and the men and women that surround it. On the stage, standing behind a podium, is grey-haired woman in a matching blue dress and blazer who speaks to the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. On either side of the stage where the woman in blue is speaking from, sits two groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have attention on the woman in blue. The front of the stage is framed with small pots of yellow flowers and the back is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #468\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch where people have begun to move about the space, presumably, at the conclusion of the ribbon cutting ceremony. Some of the men and women are in conversation with each other while others have begun exploring the space and materials available. Visible among the crowd is the circulation desk, with a few staff members working from behind it. Across the room, also visible among the crowd, is the small stage and podium that library officials spoke from during the ceremony. Above the crowd, on the right side of the picture, is the second-floor balcony which has been populated by more exploring people. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #469\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium. Standing behind the podium is a man with glasses, wearing a dark-colored suit and tie, who is looking down at the papers on the podium in front of him. To one side of the stage is small group of men and women who are seated in three rows, all in professional dress. This small group of people are presumed to be library officials, as is the man in a grey-colored suit that is seated behind the stage. Behind the stage are short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame and the front of the stage is line with small pots of yellow flowers. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #470\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #471\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a man with glasses, wearing a grey-colored suit, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of him. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #472\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium as well as the people that surround it. Speaking from the podium stands a man with glasses, in a grey-colored suit and tie, who looks down at the paper in front of him. On either side of the stage sits two small groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man on stage. All are professionally dressed and some hold programs probably pertaining to the ceremony. The front of the stage is lined with small pots of yellow flows and behind the stage are rows of short and tall books shelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #473\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at two groups of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The group closest to the camera consists of six men and two women who are professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Each woman shakes the hand of one of the men in the group. Behind them is a small stage and podium, that is lined with small pots of yellow flowers along the front. In the other side of the stage is another small group of men and women, also thought to be library officials. One woman seated at the front of the group, with white hair and patterned dress, is leaning forward to greet a woman with brown hair, black jacket, and skirt standing in front of her. Behind the two groups and the stage are bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #474\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small group of men and women who are standing, in conversation with each other. The group, consisting of two women and five men, are all professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Facing away from the camera, one woman with a pink jacket is shaking hands with a man in a dark colored suit and patterned tie. Behind this group is a small, unoccupied stage and podium and on the other side of the stage is another group of seated, presumed, library officials. Behind the stage are bookshelves that extend backwards out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #475\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. In the foreground of the picture, two unidentified women smile at the camera. The woman on the left has short blond hair, glasses, and wears a patterned collared dress. The woman in the left has dark brown hair and wears a dark blue top with a high neck. Behind them are more men and women who are milling about on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #476\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The camera is pointed at the line of men and women standing at the circulation desk at the Barrett Branch Library. Presumably, these are members of the public who attended the ribbon cutting and are now exploring the new space after the conclusion of the ceremony. On the upper right-side of the picture, visible through the railing, is the second-floor balcony where people a standing amongst the bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #477\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing on a small stage, behind a podium. Though the camera is unfocused and the photo appears slightly blurry it can be determined that the man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white pocket square, looks down at the papers on the podium as the small group of men and women seated on the other side of the stage have their attention on him. The small group of men and women, who are dressed professionally, are presumed to be library officials that are part of the ribbon cutting ceremony. One other presumed official is seated behind the stage and is reading a piece of paper. Also, behind the stage and the small group of library officials, are rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #478\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a line of people who stand facing a seated audience of men and women. The line of people is professionally dressed men and women, presumably library officials, who each hold onto a red ribbon that stretches across the room from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase. The seated audience and the men and women standing behind the circulation desk smile at the line of officials as they cut the ribbon. One woman, with grey hair and blue dress, holds up her scissors and her portion of the red ribbon in celebration. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #479\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man in a grey-colored suit who stands on a small stage. Looking down at the orange-handled scissors in hand, he faces a small group of men and women, presumed to be library officials, as they walk towards the left side of the photo. The man on the stage is handing out pairs of scissors to members of the ribbon cutting ceremony as they make their way towards the ribbon that is just out of view. Behind the man and the stage, is another small group of men and women seated in front of bookshelves who watch as the other officials make their way to the ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #480\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColor candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library and the men and women who are filing in before the start of the ceremony. There are folding chairs set up in the middle of the room that a being filled by people coming from the entrance vestibule at the back of the space. Behind the circulation desk stands many men and women, presumed to be library staff, who watch as members of the public take their seats. In front of the audience stretching across the room, from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase, is a long red ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #481\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains black and white photographs pertaining to the Robert H. Robinson Library, dated from 1946 to 1950. The photos capture the Robert H. Robinson Library building, staff, and various events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr sitting at her desk in the Robert Robinson Branch of Alexandria Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored blazer and a dark-colored top underneath. She looks directly at the camera from a chair behind her wooden desk, which is topped with file folders, a box of catalog cards, a folded newspaper, and other items. Behind her is a cart filled books and behind her further are filled bookshelves, some are topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #494\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr posing for a picture in the doorway of the Robert Robinson Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-color jacket, dark-colored top, light-colored knee length skirt, with dark-colored shoes. She stands facing the camera and seems to have her hand on the knob of the front door that is slightly ajar behind her. A stoop and front step lead up to the front of the brick building and above the white trimmed door is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #495\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white candid photograph taken outside the Robert Robinson Library as Miss Bracie enters the building. Facing the front of the library, the photo captures a woman, identified as Miss Bracie, stepping up to the front door of the building. With her back to the camera, Miss Bracie wears a light-colored jacket and skirt, a much lighter-colored hat with black sash, and carries a dark-colored hand bag. The building, made of brick with a dark-colored metal roof, has one brick chimney on the left side and four narrow windows that are evenly separated by the white trimmed front door. Above the front door, just under an outdoor light, is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. A cement walkway leads up to the door and is bordered on either side by shrubbery and grass. The photo is dated c.1950. Photo previously labeled as #496\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Robinson Librarian Minnie N. Fuller, sits and reads to twelve children who either sit in chairs or kneel on the carpeted floor in front of her. Fuller has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored dress with light-colored shoes. Her head is tilted down and away from the camera as she reads the book and the children, both boys and girls, are turned to face her. Behind the children are three windows that have their blinds open. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #497\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photograph of a group of men and women, presumably attending an event, at the Robert H. Robinson Library. Posed in two rows, nine women and three men are pictured together with some looking directly at the camera and others facing in different directions. All are dressed up, with the women in dresses and dress hats and the men in suits. One clergyman stands in the second row and is dressed in a clerical collar. One woman is identified as Alexandria Library Director Ellen Coolidge Burke (first row, second from the left) and she is dressed in a dark jacket, light-colored shirt, light-colored skirt, and dark-colored hat. Behind the group is a wall with a bookshelf and closed door. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled #498\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white candid photograph taken of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Twenty-three children, listen as Robinson Librarian Sara Murphy Carr reads a picture book. Carr is wearing a light-colored outfit and dark-colored shoes. Her hair has been tied back away from her face and she looks down at the open book through her glasses. Many of the children have realized they are being photographed and have turned to face the camera, but a few have their gazes turned elsewhere. The space where the group sits is lined on three sides by filled bookshelves, some topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated April 1946. Photo previously labeled as #499\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photo of the 10th Anniversary of the Robert H. +Robinson Library. Seated in five rows, a group of men and women, some young and some old, pose for a picture inside the Robert Robinson Library. Not everyone looks directly at the camera, but all are dressed professionally. Some women can be seen wearing hats and dress gloves while the men can be seen in suit and tie. One clergyman sits in the back dressed in his clerical collar. Behind the group, the walls are lined with bookshelves that have been decorated with original art work of varying sizes. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #500\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains records documenting the branches and divisions of the Alexandria Library system including the construction of the branches and information regarding their operations. The branches represented here include the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library, the James M. Duncan Branch Library, the Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library, the Robert H. Robinson Library, the \"New Branch\" (later known as the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library), the Special Services Division, and the Lloyd House (later known as Local History and Special Collections).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains miscellaneous records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of contracts, proof of insurance, and other notes and correspondence related to the proposed addition to the Barrett branch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the construction specifications for the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include the Specifications report, prepared by the Alexandria Library Board, detailing the proposed requirements for the construction of the addition to the Barrett branch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains financial records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of vendor invoices, reports of money spent, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to the process of selecting bids for which construction agency would carry out the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of proposals, meeting minutes, press material, and other related notes and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from December 1947 to December 1951. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, yearly fiscal report, discard lists, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1952 to December 1955. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1956 to May 1959. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains web-published resources that were created by, or are directly related to, the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia. This includes the Library website, Library social media accounts, Library blog, and the websites of Library friends' groups.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWebsite of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFacebook account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstagram account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwitter account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYoutube account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAlexandria Library's blog which focuses on adult programs, events, and services including news and updates about the Library's collection, services, resources, and programs for adults\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOnline donation portal for the Alexandria Library Foundation, Inc. The Alexandria Library Foundation is a non-profit organization which provides funding for the Alexandria Library System in Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWebsite of the Friends of the Beatley Central Library in Alexandria, Virginia. The Friends are a volunteer organizations which works to promote the interests and programs of the Library\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWebsite of the Friends of Duncan Library. The Friends are a volunteer organization that supports the operations of the Duncan Branch Library, located in the Del Ray neighborhood of Alexandria, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntranet website for Alexandria Library staff\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Series Content Description","Sub-Series Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Sub-Series Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Sub-Series Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Sub-Series Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Sub-Series Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Description","Content Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description","Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the records of the Alexandria Library, documenting the administration and operation of the Library, dating from the founding of the public library in 1937 through the present. Included are administrative records, annual reports, financial records, circulation records, materials documenting the history of the Library, programming and outreach records, and records of the individual branches of the library system. Formats include textual documents, photographs, and ephemera.","The Alexandria Library is an active organization, and so this collection is a living collection which will be periodically added to and updated. Check this collection guide for any future updates to the collection. ","This series contains materials documenting the Alexandria Library, from its founding as a public library in 1937 through the early 2000s. The majority of documents in this series pertain to the decades between 1950 and 2000. These records document the administration and operations of the Library and its individual branches, as well as materials documenting the history of the Alexandria Library. Documents include annual reports, financial records, correspondence, project files, and other administrative documentation. Also included in this series are ephemera and realia, photographs and other graphic materials, and some oversized materials.","This sub-series contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, as well as its individual branches. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1938 through 1942. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1943 through 1946. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1947 through 1948. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1949 through 1950. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1951 through 1953. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1954 through 1956. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1957 through 1959. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1960 through 1961. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to annual reports published by the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1964. Documents include final copies of annual reports, drafts of annual reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This sub-series contains administrative and financial records of the Alexandria Library. Documents include correspondence, budgets and other financial records, affirmative action records, bylaws and agreements, official city proclamations, gift records, and other administrative materials.","This folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1937 through the 1950s. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to administrative and financial dealings of the Alexandria Library system, dating from the 1950s through the 1992. Documents include final copies of bylaws, charters, and agreements as well as draft documents, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plan put in place for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1975.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action policy used to create an Affirmative Action plan for the Alexandria Library system, dating from 1976.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the City of Alexandria, dating from 1976 and 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action plans from both 1976 and 1980.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action plans for the Alexandria Public Library, dating from 1978 through 1982. Documents include reference material used to create the Affirmative Action plans including OSHA Recordkeeping guidelines and guidelines from the Department of Equal Employment Opportunity for the City of Alexandria. Other documents include Alexandria Public Library's Affirmative Action goals, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1974 through 1976. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1977 through 1980. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Affirmative Action reports for the Alexandria Public Library system, dating from 1981 through 1987. Documents include final Affirmative Action and Equal Employment Opportunity reports, sample forms, membership reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1938 through 1944. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1945 through 1948. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, press related to the budget, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1949 through 1951. Documents include proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1951 through 1953. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1953 through 1955. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include draft material, proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the Budget for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1955 through 1959. Documents include , proposed yearly budgets, final budget reports, reference materials, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the budget for the City of Alexandria's City Planning and Capital Improvement programs in regard to the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1950 through 1961. Documents include final budget reports, proposed budgets, proposed building projects, draft material, reference material, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to Rules, Regulations, and Review articles for the Alexandria Public Library system, dated from 1937 through 1955. Documents include inquiries regarding librarian salaries of other Virginia public libraries, proposed rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, final rules and regulations for Alexandria Public Library, meeting minutes, library directories, press regarding the library, and related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains a 2014 copy of the introduced House Joint Resolution No. 418 which details the historical significance of the 1939 Alexandria Library Sit-in to the House of Delegates, Mayor of Alexandria, and General Assembly and proposes that this information be conveyed at an upcoming ceremony.","This folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1951. Documents included correspondence, press regarding Alexandria Public Library, proposals for the planning and construction of the Robert Robinson Library, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to correspondence to and from Alexandria Library, dated from 1952 through 1961. Documents include written correspondence, meeting and presentation notes, book acquisitions and acquisition proposals, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to the professional and nonprofessional duties within public libraries set forth by the American Library Association, dated from 1948. Documents include the preliminary draft of the Descriptive List of Professional and Nonprofessional Duties in Libraries handbook.","This folder contains records pertaining to position descriptions and pay plans for Virginia public libraries, dated from 1950. Documents include a guidebook detailing all positions available with Virginia public libraries, their position descriptions, and recommended qualifications.","This folder contains records pertaining to \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", dated from 1951. Documents include a handbook titled \"Position Classification and Salary Administration in Libraries\", written by the American Library Association, detailing guides and standards for library administrative staff to utilize when creating administrative plans.","This folder contains records pertaining to information and guidelines for new City of Alexandria employees, dated from 1950 to 1986. Documents include guidebooks detailing fundamental information regarding being employed by the City of Alexandria, code of ethics, and guidelines for managers to effectively communicate employee evaluations.","This sub-series contains records documenting circulation statistics of the Library.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include overall number of books circulated during a given year and ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1937 through 1940. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1941 through 1942. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1943 through 1944. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949 through 1953. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1949. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This folder contains records pertaining to circulation statistics for the Alexandria Library system, dated from 1944 through 1946. Documents include ledgers detailing the number and genre of Adult and Children's books circulated each day of the year that the library was open to the public.","This sub-series contains materials of mixed formats documenting the history of the Library and its programming and outreach work. Documents include scrapbooks, posters, news clippings, correspondence, administrative documents, event programs, and photographs.","This folder contains materials pertaining to Alexandria Library history, dating from 1957-1961. Documents include newspaper clippings from various local newspapers, event photos, correspondence, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1960. Documents include notes, correspondence, and copies of newspaper articles relating to the library.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library. Documents include copies of events schedules, event programs, summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1937 through 1947. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1955 through 1973. Documents include newspaper clippings that detail library history, press, and publicity.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1936 through 1954. Documents include summaries of the library's history, copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the history of Alexandria Library, dated from 1945 through 1985. Documents include copies of newspaper articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to publicity correspondence for Alexandria Library, dated from c. 1954-1986. Documents include correspondence relating to proposed exhibits, cosmetic changes to library branches, research inquiries, proof of membership, thank-you messages, plans for library news releases, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to press releases for Alexandria Library, dated from 1947-1986. Documents include drafts of news releases, draft 5-year plan documents, descriptions of upcoming library programs, mock-ups for news articles relating to the library, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to events related to Alexandria Library, dated from 1954 through 1992. Documents include programs from library events and other notes and correspondence.","This folder contains biographical research materials about James M. Duncan, Jr. (the namesake of the Duncan Branch) which were collected by branch managers of Duncan Branch. Materials include notes, newsclippings, and photocopies of newsclippings.","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The smiling officials cutting the red ribbon, who include six men and two women, are dressed professionally and each holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #402","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Eight people, presumed to be library officials, stand on the main floor of the Barrett Branch in front of a seated audience, in the midst of a ribbon cutting ceremony. The officials, who include six men and two women, have not yet cut the red ribbon and are dressed professionally. Each of the eight officials holds their own pair of scissors. Behind them are shelves of library books and a set of stairs that up to the second floor of the library. The seated audience of men and women watches as the ceremony proceeds. The photograph is dated September 10th, 1995. Photo previously labeled #403","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo of men and women milling around the first floor of the Barrett Branch was taken, presumably, after the conclusion of the ceremony. Some of the people pictured are in conversation with one another, while others are taking in their surroundings. In the foreground is a podium framed on either side by yellow flowers and an American flag. In the background are library books shelves and a set of stairs that lead up to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #404","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This candid photo was taken amidst a crowd of people attending the ceremony on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The men and women of various ages stand milling around the space. Some are in conversation with one another while others look in many directions, taking in their surroundings. Visible in the background is the entrance to the library that consists of floor to ceiling windows allowing natural daylight to stream in. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #405","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of several people standing around on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The three men and one woman in the foreground are in conversation with each other but only the two men on the right have realized the group is being photographed. The two men on the right are looking at the camera and smiling, while the women is still speaking and the third man is looking to his right with his back to the photographer. In the background are other people, some in conversation and some not, as well as empty chairs set up against filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #406","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A large audience of men and women have filled the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably watching as the ceremony unfolds. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the space while the rest of the crowd have filled the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the room, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #407","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Two women stand posing for a picture, on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. With their arms around each other, the woman on the left looks directly at the camera while the women on the right smiles at something out of frame on the left. In the background are more people, men and women, milling around the large indoor space. Some are in conversation with one another and others are simply moving about the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #409","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of two smiling men and a young child posing for a picture together. On the left, the young child stands holding the hand of the man in the middle who has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red patterned tie. The man on the right, who stands with his hand on the shoulder of the man in the middle, has white hair and is wearing glasses and a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and blue tie. All three stand under a half visible, gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that is hanging on the wall behind them. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #410","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together. The three men are all wearing dark-colored suits with light-colored shirts and ties. The two children, one boy and one girl, stand in front of the men in the middle and on the right. The boy wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants while the girl wears a striped, long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink shoelaces. All five smile at the camera as they pose under a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. The woman in the portrait has her white hair tied back in a bun and sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #411","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. A woman stands posing for a picture with the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett hanging near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and skirt, smiles as she looks to left at something just out of frame. She stands below the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett. In the portrait, Kate Waller Barrett has her white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant hangs from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #412","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Three men and two children stand posing for a picture together under the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance of the Barrett Branch Library. The man on the left has white hair and is wearing glasses, a dark-colored suit, a light-colored shirt and blue tie. He has his hand on the shoulder of the little girl to the right of him who wears a striped long-sleeve dress with black tights and black shoes with pink laces. The little girl holds the hand of the man in the middle who wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and dark patterned tie. Next to him, on the right, stands the little boy who wears a light-colored button-down shirt and striped dress pants. The little boy holds the hand of the last man on the right who has brown hair and mustache, glasses, and wears a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt and red patterned tie. All five stand beneath the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has her white hair tied back into a bun. She sits, posed in profile, and is wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #413","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of four men standing in front of the portrait of Kate Waller Barrett that hangs near the entrance to the library. The two men on the left are greeting each other and the two men on the right are standing separately both looking in opposite directions towards things just out of frame. All the men are dressed in suits and ties and three out of four are wearing glasses. The leftmost man is holding multiple pairs of scissors and the second man from the right is holding an event program. Behind them, hanging on the wall is the gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents, with a gold cross pendant hanging from her neck and a brooch pinned to her chest. Also in the background, off to the left, is a child, seemingly in motion, appearing blurry in the photograph. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #414","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of a group of men and women standing around a table of computers on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. On the round table there are four white computers, each with their own keyboard and mouse. Two of the computers are in use, one by a man in dark dress pants and white shirt and the other by two people, a woman and young man, working together. In the background are other people milling about as well as library bookshelves and a set of stairs leading to the second floor of the library. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #415","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The candid photograph is of two groups of men and women, some sitting and some standing, inside of the library presumably before the ceremony begins. To left is a group of seated people, partially blocked from view by a desk, and to the right is a group of men standing together in conversation. Between the two groups sits a small stage with an American flag, bordered at the front by small pots of yellow flowers. In the background are rows of both tall and short bookshelves in front of a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #416","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of two women and one man standing in conversation with one another. The two women are both in light-colored dresses and the woman on the right faces away from the camera and carries a purse. The man wears glasses and is dressed in a light-colored suit with a white dress shirt and patterned tie. The woman on the left looks across to the woman on the right as she and the man in the middle are looking at each other. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #417","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of men and women milling about inside the Barrett Branch. The people in the foreground seem to be in conversation with each other while others are having separate conversations in the background. The photo is being taken from behind a bookshelf decorated with a potted plant whose leaves have just started to come in to frame on the right side of the photo. Behind the people are more bookshelves, decorated with flowers, and a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #418","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of four men, one woman, and two children. Every person pictured is looking in a different direction, some seeming to be moving towards different parts of the room and appearing blurry in the photo. All of the men are dressed in suits, the woman wears a pink buttoned jacket, the little boy wears a light-color button-down, and the little girl wears a striped long-sleeve dress. Behind them on the wall hangs a gold-framed, painted portrait of Kate Waller Barrett who has white hair tied back into a bun and sits, posed in profile, wearing dark-colored clothes, with floral accents. A gold cross pendant is hanging from her neck and a brooch is pinned to her chest. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #419","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. In the library stands many men, women, and children milling about the space. Some are in conversation with one another, while others take in their surroundings or speak to people sitting behind the circulation desk to the left of the photo. To the right of the photo is the beginning of a staircase that leads to the second floor of the library. Visible from the balcony, the second floor is filled with bookshelves. In the background, on the lower level, stands a small stage and podium framed by small pots of yellow flowers and an American flag as well as a glass-front room whose windows are letting in bright daylight. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #420","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. The photo is of the main floor of the Barrett Branch and there are men and women milling around in the space, some in conversation with one another and others taking in their surroundings. On the right side of the picture, some of the people stand in front of the circulation desk, decorated with pots of yellow and orange flowers. On the left side of the picture are some glass display cases displaying open books. In the background are the floor to ceiling windows of the entrance vestibule that are providing bright, natural light to the room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #421","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Pictured is a large audience of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch. Some of the people are sitting in the middle of the room while the rest of the crowd have begun filling in the available standing room, even standing in the sunlight filled entrance vestibule, at the back of the crowd, to catch a glimpse through the floor to ceiling windows. Regardless of placement, almost all the audience members have their attentions set on the events happening behind the camera, just out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #422","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women, of differing ages, standing around a table of computers. At the round table, there are two people with their backs to the camera sharing the same computer, to their right is one woman at the next computer, and the next computer has a group of four sharing the same computer. In the foreground is a shelf that has been decorated with a pot of flowers, that have taken up the left side of the picture. In the background, behind the group of people at the computers is glass-front room and a few people within. Inside the room are bookshelves on the left wall and tables and chairs filling the middle. The windows on the back wall have had their blinds drawn to shade the interior from the bright daylight shining through. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #423","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of some people, both men and women, looking at the available materials on the bookshelves around them on the second floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some of the men and women are browsing the shelves while others have begun reading their chosen materials. In the foreground are shorter bookshelves, with one man crouching to get a better look at the offerings on the bottom shelf. In the background are taller bookshelves, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. Behind the taller bookshelves are some tables and chairs that have been backlit by the daylight coming through the windows on the back wall. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #424","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience facing a group of people who seem like library officials seated at the front of the room. The seated audience is facing away from the camera and the group of men and women at the front of the room are applauding in welcome to the man who is standing at the front of the room. He has brown hair and mustache, is wearing glasses and a grey suit with dark tie. Off to the right of the photo is a staircase that leads to the second floor whose balcony sits above the group of clapping men and women. Behind them stands bookshelves, completely filled, that almost reach from floor to ceiling. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #425","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking to an audience from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a red blazer and white shirt, is looking through her glasses out over the audience. Behind her is both short and tall bookshelves, as well as a wall of glass, and to the left stands an American flag. The woman at the podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch where three musicians sit with music stands in front of them and bookshelves at their back. In the foreground, somewhat blocking the view of the seated audience, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of paper. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #426","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a seated audience, extending out of frame, who have their attention on a man speaking from an elevated podium. The man at podium, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and red tie, is looking down at the podium through his glasses. Behind the podium are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The man at the podium stands beneath the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Visible through the balcony's railing are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #427","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking from behind a podium. The man is standing, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white shirt and dark patterned tie, looking down at the podium through his dark tinted glasses. Behind him are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The podium stands below the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library where three chairs and two music stands are set up. The right most chair is occupied by a person in white shirt and dark pants. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #428","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium. The woman, dressed in a blue dress and matching blue jacket, looks out to an audience just out of frame and she is observed by a small panel of professionally dressed men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right side of the picture. The picture is being taken from behind the circulation desk, complete with computer, receipt printer, and landline phone. A pot of yellow, orange and red flowers sits atop the desk, partially blocking an American flag from view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #429","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium in front of an audience of people that extends out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink blazer over a dark patterned dress with a string of pearls around her neck, is looking down at the podium while the audience listens. Behind her are rows of book shelves, both short and tall with some decorated with flowers, as well as a glass-front room. The speaker and podium stand beneath an the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library, where three chairs, music stands, and musicians are seated and viewable through the balcony's railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #430","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a man speaking to an audience, extending out of frame, from an elevated podium. The man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with white shirt and dark patterned tie, is looking down at the podium while holding up a closed book in his right hand and paper in his left hand. Behind him are rows of short and tall bookshelves, some decorated with flowers, in front of a glass-front room. Above the podium sits the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch Library. Through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, on the left side of the picture, is the circulation desk topped with stacks of papers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #431","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to audience, which extends out of frame. The woman is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress, and looks out over the audience at something not visible as the audience turns to follow her gaze. To her left and right are men in dark-colored suits and ties that also follow her line-of-sight. Behind her are bookshelves, both tall and short, and a glass-front room. Above the podium is the second-floor balcony and through the railing, three chairs, music stands, and musicians can be seen in front of filled bookshelves. In the foreground, blocking some of the audience from view, is the circulation desk with a computer and piles of paper. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #432","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. This slightly out of focus, color candid photograph is of a woman speaking from an elevated podium to an audience that is seated just out of frame. The woman, dressed in a pink jacket over a dark, patterned dress, is bordered by a group of seated men and women, presumed to be other library officials, on the right and an American flag on the left. Above the woman at the podium is the second-floor balcony and behind her are tall bookshelves and a glass front room. The photo is being taken from behind the circulation desk which has a computer and a pot of yellow, red and orange flowers. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #433","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women in conversation with each other amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of four men and two women, presumed to be library officials, who trade smiles and handshakes in front of a clapping audience. Some of the members of the group are still holding scissors and the pieces of red ribbon that were cut as part of the ceremony. Behind them are bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #434","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photograph of a group of men and women amidst the ribbon cutting ceremony. The group consists of three men and two women, some still holding scissors and pieces of the red ribbon cut during the ceremony. The smiling woman in the middle has offered a handshake to the man to the left of her as the audience applauds them. Behind the ribbon cutters are tall and short bookshelves that extend backwards into the space. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #435","Color photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Candid photo of a group of three men and one woman, presumed to be library officials, are trading smiles and the woman offers a handshake to the man on the far left. The woman has grey hair and wears a matching blue jacket and dress. The men are dressed professionally in suits and ties. They stand in front of a small stage and podium, lined with small pots of yellow flowers and decorated by an American flag. Behind them are bookshelves, both tall and short, that extend backwards toward a glass-front room. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #436","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. This candid photograph depicts several people standing behind the main circulation desk on the first floor of the Barrett Branch. In the foreground of the photo is a woman wearing a magenta dress and holding two books. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #408","Color portrait of an outdoor sign from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library after renovations were completed in 1995. On a bright, sunny day at the corner of a red-brick building sits a white sign that reads \"The 200 Block of North Columbus St. Welcomes the New Library\" and just below that it reads \"Thank You\". Propped up on a wooden easel, the sign is decorated by a single gold, metallic balloon that is moving with the wind. Behind the sign to the right are row houses and a parked car. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #441","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library officials sit next to a stage and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. The woman has white hair and is dressed in a matching blue jacket and dress turns her head to welcome another woman who making her way to an empty chair among the group of officials. The woman being welcomed has tied back, brown hair and glasses and is wearing a colorful dress and black, t-strap shoes. Some of the men and women in the group of officials clap while others offer warm smiles to the approaching woman. Behind them is a small circulation desk and filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #442","Color portrait photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, a group of presumed library staff stand behind the circulation desk and smile at the camera. Four women are directly behind the desk and five more seem to be coming out of the room just behind the desk. Some of the other women have realized their picture is being taken and look at the camera, while others have not and continue their conversations with one another. One man stands in front of the desk and has turned to face the camera while a final woman seems to being walking past him. Folding chairs are set up and extend out of frame and because each still has a paper program on it, it is likely the event has not yet started. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #443","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two group of presumed library officials both sit and stand next to a small stage. Though not all the chairs are filled, the seated group includes three women and four men, all dressed professionally, who seem to be waiting for the event to start. The standing group, consisting of three men and two women, are all in conversation with one another. The woman in the middle with white hair, blue dress and light-colored purse is speaking and the remainder of the standing group leans in to listen. Behind them is the stage, decorated with an American flag, and both tall and short bookshelves that extend out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #444","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera aims at the circulation desk and the people that stand around it. Presumed to be library staff, four women stand together and all but one is smiling up at the camera. Other people, presumed to be library staff and officials, stand around the desk. Some are in conversation and others are looking in different directions around the room. In front of the circulation desk, extending out of frame, are rows of folding chairs each with a paper program on the seats. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #445","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Set up on the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch, are three female musicians in the midst of performing. All three are wearing white dress shirts and black bottoms and each sit in her own wooden chair across from sheet music on a music stand and plays from a flute. Behind them are a man and a woman in conversation leaning over the balcony railing to get a better view of what is going on the floor below. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #446","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, pictured is a man in a dark suit and tie speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage, which he shares with an American flag. Bordering the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers. To the left and right of the stage sit two groups of men and women, presumably library officials who have their attention on the man speaking. Behind them are rows of both tall and short bookshelves that extend back into the room and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #447","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Men and women of varying ages stand milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch library seeming after the conclusion of the ceremony. In the foreground, one man sits at a table with his hands on a computer keyboard and converses with the two women who are speaking to him. The woman on the left has short brown hair and wears a blue jacket and the woman on the right has short greying hair and wears a white shirt, denim bottoms, and carries a small purse. In the background is a larger group pf men and women, gathered around a table of computers. Behind are bookshelves that extend to the other side of the room where more people sit at tables in conversation. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #448","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Outside the front entrance of the Barrett Branch Library, in the shade of a tree, is a group of men and women who seem to be waiting for the library to open and for the ceremony to begin. On the front doors, illuminated by the sun, two signs read \"Re-opening\" and \"Sept. 10, 2PM\". Some of the group are sitting on the red brick retaining wall outside of the library while other stand in conversation closer to the entrance. The building is red brick, with white columns and white doors. A large, half-moon shaped windows sits atop the doors allowing natural light to fill the entrance vestibule within. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #449","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The photo is aimed at the circulation desk where some people have begun to converse with the library staff behind the desk. In front of the desk, the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library has been filled with folding chairs where a few people have begun to sit. There are folded programs on each of the folding chairs, suggesting that the ceremony has not yet begun. On the right side of the picture are bookshelves that fill the space at the back of the main floor as well as the second floor, which is visible through the balcony railing. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #450","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the picture is focused on the group of men and women standing against the wall behind the circulation desk. There are nine women and two men visible, dressed professionally, and most of them seem to have their attention on something happening just out of frame on the right. In front of the desk on the left is the beginnings of a seated audience and starting from the circulation desk extending out of frame across the front of the audience stretches the red ribbon that has yet to be cut. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #451","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. A group of two men, one woman, and one young man are standing in conversation with each other next to a round table that currently holds computers, of which only the keyboards and mice are visible. The young man has dark hair and wears a blue collared shirt and the woman he is next to has short brown hair and wears a blue patterned dress and carries a white purse. The two men are both dressed in dark suits with light dress shirts. The man with glasses wears a dark tie. Behind them are some table and chairs separating the group from the tall book shelves that extend out passed both sides of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #452","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, two men are pictured in conversation with each other while standing behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The men both wear suits with light-colored shirts, and the viewer is clearly able to see that the man on the left is wearing glasses and a tie. The man on the right has his back to the camera because his attention is on the other man who seems to be explaining something while pointing to something just out of sight on the left. In front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and beside the stage are rows of wooden chairs that have yet to be filled. Each chair has a folded program that seems to suggest the ceremony has yet to begin. Behind the men and the stage are bookshelves, both tall and short, that are filled with material. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #453","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Pointed toward the interior entrance of the Barrett Branch, taken from the opposite end of the main floor, men and women are milling about the space presumably after the conclusion of the ribbon cutting. In the foreground are men and women using the available computers and in front of them is a large gathering of people milling around the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. Some seem to be in conversation with one another, while other seem to simply be moving around the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #454","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at where the ceremony will be held. A large seated audience of men and women is forming behind a red ribbon that has been stretched from the circulation desk to the staircase's railing on the opposite side of the room. The men and women standing behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff and the few men and women that stand on the other side of the red ribbon from the audience are the library officials that will be speaking during the ceremony. The library officials seem to be looking at someone just out of frame and two of them are waving to try and get their attention. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #455","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch where folding chairs have been set up in the middle of the room for an audience that has begun filing in. Men and women of varying ages and dress are coming in through the bright, naturally lit entrance vestibule, stopping at the circulation desk, before finding an empty seat. The men and women behind the circulation desk are, presumably, library staff who are either in conversation with one another or watching the people who are filing into the library. Just in front of the audience, stretching from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase at the opposite of the room, is a red ribbon that is being handled by a woman in a dark top and patterned skirt. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #456","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points at a small group of men and women who are seated in wooden chairs to the left of a small stage with a podium. Seated in two rows, the group consists of four women and three men, and are presumed to be library officials. They are all in professional dress, either in suits and ties or dresses and blazers, and the front row seems to be conversation with each other. Just behind them, extending backward into the space, are filled bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #457","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man speaking from a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, wearing glasses and dressed in a grey-colored suit with a white shirt and dark-colored tie, holds a book in one hand and paper in the other as he looks out at the audience in front of him. The men and women seated next to the stage, who are presumed to be library officials, have their attention on the speaker. The stage is bordered in the front by small pots of yellow flowers and framed in the back by bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #458","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. The men and women, presumed to be library officials, stand with their hands over their hearts as they face the American flag that sits on the stage. All professionally dressed, only one man and one woman stand on the stage while the others stand to either side as they seem to recite the Pledge of Allegiance. Behind the stage are rows of bookshelves that extend backwards and out of frame. Above the stage is the second-floor balcony of the Barrett Branch. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #459","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the men and women that surround it. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her just out of view. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #460","This folder contains photographs of the 1995 ribbon cutting ceremony celebrating the re-opening of the Kate Waller Barrett Branch after renovations.","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. Although the picture is out of focusing, appearing blurry, a woman with red hair and glasses, wearing a red blazer and skirt, can be seen speaking from the podium. With their attention on the speaker at the podium, the men and women that sit next to the stage are presumed to be library officials. The stage, framed at the front by small pots of yellow flowers, backs up to rows of short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #461","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small elevated stage and podium and the people that surround it. On the stage, standing at the podium, is a man with glasses wearing a dark-colored suit and tie with a red pocket square. He looks down at the paper on the podium as he speaks to the audience in front of him, sitting just out of view. The men and women sitting next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, are dressed professionally as some turn their attention toward the speaker. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and rows of short bookshelves sit at the back of the stage. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #462","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the left side of the picture, many men and women sit in folding chairs as they listen to the man speaking from the small elevated stage and podium in front of them. Stretching from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase is a red ribbon that separates the audience from the men and women on and around the stage. There are also men and women that stand behind the circulation desk, presumed to be library staff, that have their attention on the man at the podium, who is dressed in a dark-colored suit with a light-colored shirt. On either side of the stage, separated from the general audience, sit other men and women who are presumed to be library officials. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #463","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where the audience sits as the ribbon ceremony goes on. On the right side of the picture sits a large audience of men and women that extends backwards out if frame. They are separated from the small stage and podium by a red ribbon that stretches from the circulation desk, across the room, to the railing of the staircase that leads to the second floor. Behind the circulation desk stands a few men and women, who are presumed to be library staff, who have their attention on the man that speaks from the podium. The speaker, dressed in a dark-colored suit and tie, looks down at the paper on the podium as he addresses the audience in front of him. The people sitting to left and right of the stage, who are separate from the general audience, are presumed to be library officials who are part of the ceremony proceedings. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #464","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing in behind a podium on a small elevated stage. The man, dressed in a grey-colored suit and glasses, seems to have his head tilted down in pause to accept the applause he is receiving from the people around him. Next to the stage sits a group of men and women who are presumed to be library officials. One man and one woman can be seen clapping for the man on the stage. The front of the stage is framed by small pots of yellow flowers and the back of the stage is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward out of view. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #465","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a woman standing behind a podium on a small elevate stage. The woman has grey hair, dressed in a matching blue dress and blazer, and looks out at the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. There is a group of men and women seated in three rows next to the stage, presumed to be library officials, who look and listen to the woman speaking from the podium. Behind the stage and the group of library officials are some tall and short bookshelves that extend backward into the space and out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #466","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library where men and women are milling around presumably after the ribbon has been cut officially opening the library. The men and women, of all ages and in varying dress, are either in conversation with one another or are on the move to a different part of the space. Some are making their way up the stairs and past whomever is taking the picture while others are moving towards the rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. Barely visible amongst the people is a small stage and podium where library officials had spoken during the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #467","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and the men and women that surround it. On the stage, standing behind a podium, is grey-haired woman in a matching blue dress and blazer who speaks to the audience seated in front of her, just out of view. On either side of the stage where the woman in blue is speaking from, sits two groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have attention on the woman in blue. The front of the stage is framed with small pots of yellow flowers and the back is bordered by short bookshelves that extend backward into the space. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #468","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch where people have begun to move about the space, presumably, at the conclusion of the ribbon cutting ceremony. Some of the men and women are in conversation with each other while others have begun exploring the space and materials available. Visible among the crowd is the circulation desk, with a few staff members working from behind it. Across the room, also visible among the crowd, is the small stage and podium that library officials spoke from during the ceremony. Above the crowd, on the right side of the picture, is the second-floor balcony which has been populated by more exploring people. The photo is dated from 1995. Photo previously labeled #469","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after renovations were completed in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium. Standing behind the podium is a man with glasses, wearing a dark-colored suit and tie, who is looking down at the papers on the podium in front of him. To one side of the stage is small group of men and women who are seated in three rows, all in professional dress. This small group of people are presumed to be library officials, as is the man in a grey-colored suit that is seated behind the stage. Behind the stage are short bookshelves that extend backward out of frame and the front of the stage is line with small pots of yellow flowers. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #470","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a brown-haired woman, wearing a floral-patterned dress and pink blazer, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of her. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the woman at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #471","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barret Branch wear a stage sits before a large seated audience. Separating the audience from the stage is a long red ribbon stretching from the circulation desk across the room to the staircase's railing. Behind the circulation desk, standing with their backs to the wall, are men and women who seem to be part of the library staff. On the stage stands a man with glasses, wearing a grey-colored suit, speaking from a podium to the audience that sits in front of him. On either side of the stage sits other men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man at the podium. Framing the front of the stage are small pots of yellow flowers and behind the stage, extending backwards out of frame, are bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #472","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small stage and podium as well as the people that surround it. Speaking from the podium stands a man with glasses, in a grey-colored suit and tie, who looks down at the paper in front of him. On either side of the stage sits two small groups of men and women, presumed to be library officials, who have their attention on the man on stage. All are professionally dressed and some hold programs probably pertaining to the ceremony. The front of the stage is lined with small pots of yellow flows and behind the stage are rows of short and tall books shelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #473","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at two groups of men and women on the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library. The group closest to the camera consists of six men and two women who are professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Each woman shakes the hand of one of the men in the group. Behind them is a small stage and podium, that is lined with small pots of yellow flowers along the front. In the other side of the stage is another small group of men and women, also thought to be library officials. One woman seated at the front of the group, with white hair and patterned dress, is leaning forward to greet a woman with brown hair, black jacket, and skirt standing in front of her. Behind the two groups and the stage are bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #474","Color candid photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a small group of men and women who are standing, in conversation with each other. The group, consisting of two women and five men, are all professionally dressed and seem to be library officials. Facing away from the camera, one woman with a pink jacket is shaking hands with a man in a dark colored suit and patterned tie. Behind this group is a small, unoccupied stage and podium and on the other side of the stage is another group of seated, presumed, library officials. Behind the stage are bookshelves that extend backwards out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #475","Color photograph from the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. In the foreground of the picture, two unidentified women smile at the camera. The woman on the left has short blond hair, glasses, and wears a patterned collared dress. The woman in the left has dark brown hair and wears a dark blue top with a high neck. Behind them are more men and women who are milling about on the main floor of the Barrett Branch, presumably after the conclusion of the ceremony. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #476","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. The camera is pointed at the line of men and women standing at the circulation desk at the Barrett Branch Library. Presumably, these are members of the public who attended the ribbon cutting and are now exploring the new space after the conclusion of the ceremony. On the upper right-side of the picture, visible through the railing, is the second-floor balcony where people a standing amongst the bookshelves. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #477","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man standing on a small stage, behind a podium. Though the camera is unfocused and the photo appears slightly blurry it can be determined that the man, dressed in a dark-colored suit with a white pocket square, looks down at the papers on the podium as the small group of men and women seated on the other side of the stage have their attention on him. The small group of men and women, who are dressed professionally, are presumed to be library officials that are part of the ribbon cutting ceremony. One other presumed official is seated behind the stage and is reading a piece of paper. Also, behind the stage and the small group of library officials, are rows of bookshelves that extend backward out of frame. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #478","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a line of people who stand facing a seated audience of men and women. The line of people is professionally dressed men and women, presumably library officials, who each hold onto a red ribbon that stretches across the room from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase. The seated audience and the men and women standing behind the circulation desk smile at the line of officials as they cut the ribbon. One woman, with grey hair and blue dress, holds up her scissors and her portion of the red ribbon in celebration. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #479","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at a man in a grey-colored suit who stands on a small stage. Looking down at the orange-handled scissors in hand, he faces a small group of men and women, presumed to be library officials, as they walk towards the left side of the photo. The man on the stage is handing out pairs of scissors to members of the ribbon cutting ceremony as they make their way towards the ribbon that is just out of view. Behind the man and the stage, is another small group of men and women seated in front of bookshelves who watch as the other officials make their way to the ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #480","Color candid photograph of the ribbon cutting ceremony at the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library to celebrate the reopening of the branch after the completion of renovations in 1995. Taken from a higher vantage point, the camera points down at the main floor of the Barrett Branch Library and the men and women who are filing in before the start of the ceremony. There are folding chairs set up in the middle of the room that a being filled by people coming from the entrance vestibule at the back of the space. Behind the circulation desk stands many men and women, presumed to be library staff, who watch as members of the public take their seats. In front of the audience stretching across the room, from the circulation desk to the railing of the staircase, is a long red ribbon. The photo is dated 1995. Photo previously labeled #481","This folder contains black and white photographs pertaining to the Robert H. Robinson Library, dated from 1946 to 1950. The photos capture the Robert H. Robinson Library building, staff, and various events.","Black and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr sitting at her desk in the Robert Robinson Branch of Alexandria Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored blazer and a dark-colored top underneath. She looks directly at the camera from a chair behind her wooden desk, which is topped with file folders, a box of catalog cards, a folded newspaper, and other items. Behind her is a cart filled books and behind her further are filled bookshelves, some are topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #494","Black and white photograph of Sara Murphy Carr posing for a picture in the doorway of the Robert Robinson Library. Carr has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-color jacket, dark-colored top, light-colored knee length skirt, with dark-colored shoes. She stands facing the camera and seems to have her hand on the knob of the front door that is slightly ajar behind her. A stoop and front step lead up to the front of the brick building and above the white trimmed door is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. The photo is dated c.1948. Photo previously labeled as #495","Black and white candid photograph taken outside the Robert Robinson Library as Miss Bracie enters the building. Facing the front of the library, the photo captures a woman, identified as Miss Bracie, stepping up to the front door of the building. With her back to the camera, Miss Bracie wears a light-colored jacket and skirt, a much lighter-colored hat with black sash, and carries a dark-colored hand bag. The building, made of brick with a dark-colored metal roof, has one brick chimney on the left side and four narrow windows that are evenly separated by the white trimmed front door. Above the front door, just under an outdoor light, is a sign that reads \"Robert Robinson Library\" in dark letters. A cement walkway leads up to the door and is bordered on either side by shrubbery and grass. The photo is dated c.1950. Photo previously labeled as #496","Black and white photograph of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Robinson Librarian Minnie N. Fuller, sits and reads to twelve children who either sit in chairs or kneel on the carpeted floor in front of her. Fuller has short, dark hair and is wearing a light-colored dress with light-colored shoes. Her head is tilted down and away from the camera as she reads the book and the children, both boys and girls, are turned to face her. Behind the children are three windows that have their blinds open. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #497","Black and white photograph of a group of men and women, presumably attending an event, at the Robert H. Robinson Library. Posed in two rows, nine women and three men are pictured together with some looking directly at the camera and others facing in different directions. All are dressed up, with the women in dresses and dress hats and the men in suits. One clergyman stands in the second row and is dressed in a clerical collar. One woman is identified as Alexandria Library Director Ellen Coolidge Burke (first row, second from the left) and she is dressed in a dark jacket, light-colored shirt, light-colored skirt, and dark-colored hat. Behind the group is a wall with a bookshelf and closed door. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled #498","Black and white candid photograph taken of Story Hour at Robert Robinson Library. Twenty-three children, listen as Robinson Librarian Sara Murphy Carr reads a picture book. Carr is wearing a light-colored outfit and dark-colored shoes. Her hair has been tied back away from her face and she looks down at the open book through her glasses. Many of the children have realized they are being photographed and have turned to face the camera, but a few have their gazes turned elsewhere. The space where the group sits is lined on three sides by filled bookshelves, some topped with more books or other décor. The photo is dated April 1946. Photo previously labeled as #499","Black and white photo of the 10th Anniversary of the Robert H. +Robinson Library. Seated in five rows, a group of men and women, some young and some old, pose for a picture inside the Robert Robinson Library. Not everyone looks directly at the camera, but all are dressed professionally. Some women can be seen wearing hats and dress gloves while the men can be seen in suit and tie. One clergyman sits in the back dressed in his clerical collar. Behind the group, the walls are lined with bookshelves that have been decorated with original art work of varying sizes. The photo is dated 1950. Photo previously labeled as #500","This sub-series contains records documenting the branches and divisions of the Alexandria Library system including the construction of the branches and information regarding their operations. The branches represented here include the Kate Waller Barrett Branch Library, the James M. Duncan Branch Library, the Ellen Coolidge Burke Branch Library, the Robert H. Robinson Library, the \"New Branch\" (later known as the Charles E. Beatley, Jr. Central Library), the Special Services Division, and the Lloyd House (later known as Local History and Special Collections).","This folder contains miscellaneous records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of contracts, proof of insurance, and other notes and correspondence related to the proposed addition to the Barrett branch.","This folder contains records pertaining to the construction specifications for the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include the Specifications report, prepared by the Alexandria Library Board, detailing the proposed requirements for the construction of the addition to the Barrett branch.","This folder contains financial records pertaining to the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of vendor invoices, reports of money spent, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to the process of selecting bids for which construction agency would carry out the construction of the building addition to the Kate Waller Barrett branch of Alexandria Library in 1954. Documents include copies of proposals, meeting minutes, press material, and other related notes and correspondence.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from December 1947 to December 1951. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, yearly fiscal report, discard lists, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1952 to December 1955. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.","This folder contains records pertaining to monthly reports regarding the Robert Robinson branch of Alexandria Library, dating from January 1956 to May 1959. Documents include monthly reports on branch statistics, and other related notes.","This series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series is currently being processed and is not yet available for research use. Please contact Local History / Special Collections staff for more details.","This sub-series contains web-published resources that were created by, or are directly related to, the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia. This includes the Library website, Library social media accounts, Library blog, and the websites of Library friends' groups.","Website of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Facebook account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Instagram account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Twitter account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Youtube account of the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Virginia","Alexandria Library's blog which focuses on adult programs, events, and services including news and updates about the Library's collection, services, resources, and programs for adults","Online donation portal for the Alexandria Library Foundation, Inc. The Alexandria Library Foundation is a non-profit organization which provides funding for the Alexandria Library System in Alexandria, Virginia","Website of the Friends of the Beatley Central Library in Alexandria, Virginia. The Friends are a volunteer organizations which works to promote the interests and programs of the Library","Website of the Friends of Duncan Library. The Friends are a volunteer organization that supports the operations of the Duncan Branch Library, located in the Del Ray neighborhood of Alexandria, Virginia","Intranet website for Alexandria Library staff"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials relating to the Alexandria Library Board have been moved from MS098 to the Alexandria Library Board Records (MS416).\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Materials relating to the Alexandria Library Board have been moved from MS098 to the Alexandria Library Board Records (MS416)."],"names_coll_ssim":["Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)"],"names_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)","Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)"],"corpname_ssim":["Local History and Special Collections Branch, Alexandria Library","Alexandria Library (Alexandria, Va.)","Alexandria Library Company","Alexandria Library Association (1897-1937)","Alexandria Library Society (1937-1953)"],"persname_ssim":["Burke, Ellen Coolidge","Duncan, James M., Jr. (James Morton), 1897-1967","Barrett, Kate Waller, Dr., 1858-1925","Beatley, Charles E., Jr., 1916-2003","Robinson, Robert Henry, Rev. (1824-1909)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":523,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T03:59:46.615Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vaallhs_repositories_2_resources_157_c01_c01"}},{"id":"viu_viu01738_c05_c07","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n 1954 May 11","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01738_c05_c07#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu01738_c05_c07","ref_ssm":["viu_viu01738_c05_c07"],"id":"viu_viu01738_c05_c07","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01738","_root_":"viu_viu01738","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01738_c05","parent_ssi":"viu_viu01738_c05","parent_ssim":["viu_viu01738","viu_viu01738_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu01738","viu_viu01738_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Williams Family \n 1798 (1802-1972)\n 1987","Murat Willis Williams"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Williams Family \n 1798 (1802-1972)\n 1987","Murat Willis Williams"],"text":["Papers of the Williams Family \n 1798 (1802-1972)\n 1987","Murat Willis Williams","11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n 1954 May 11","Oversize \n M-19"],"title_filing_ssi":"11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n 1954 May 11","title_ssm":["11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n 1954 May 11"],"title_tesim":["11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n 1954 May 11"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11Certificate, \"Domain Of The Golden\n Dragon, Ruler of the 180th Meridian\"--MWW \n 1954 May 11"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Williams Family \n 1798 (1802-1972)\n 1987"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":153,"containers_ssim":["Oversize \n M-19"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#6","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:22:34.329Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu01738","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01738","_root_":"viu_viu01738","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01738","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01738.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of the Williams Family \n 1798 (1802-1972)\n 1987"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Williams Family \n 1798 (1802-1972)\n 1987"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["10724"],"text":["10724","Papers of the Williams Family \n 1798 (1802-1972)\n 1987","This collection\n contains ca. 12,030 items.","There are no restrictions.","The collection is arranged into three series: I. Williams\n Family, II. Lewis Catlett Williams Papers, and III. Murat\n Willis Williams Papers. Series I is arranged topically and\n alphabetically by name of individual family members prior to\n Lewis Catlett Williams. Series II contains his papers; they\n are filed alphabetically by folder title. Series III contains\n Ambassador Williams' papers which are arranged alphabetically\n and chronologically. Oversized materials for Lewis Catlett and\n Murat Willis Williams are enumerated item by item in a\n container list appended to this guide.","Each series is preceded by brief biographical sketches of\n those members of the Williams family for which there are\n documents present. The contents of the folders are arranged\n chronologically.","The Williams Family Papers consists of ca. 12,030 items (27\n Hollinger boxes, and one oversize folder, ca. 9.7 linear shelf\n feet), 1798 (1802-1972)1987, correspondence, financial and\n legal papers, photographs, newsclippings, genealogical\n material, miscellaneous writings and related materials chiefly\n concerning the Williams family of Orange County and other\n Virginia locales, especially Lewis Catlett Williams, a\n Richmond lawyer and his son, Murat Willis Williams, United\n States ambassador to El Salvador. Topics of interest include:\n the War of 1812, slaves and slavery, the Civil War, the\n University of Virginia, Orange County, Virginia, life in El\n Salvador, Greece, Romania and other countries, Latin America,\n American foreign policy, Virginia and Democratic party\n politics, other contemporary events and family matters.\n Several of the Williamses are represented in this\n accumulation.","Series I: Williams Family This series consists of 1200 items, 1798-1980 (Boxes 1\n to 4). William Clayton Williams (1768-1817) was at one time\n a lawyer in Woodstock, Virginia and deputy clerk of\n Shenandoah County. (His brother, Major John Williams, was\n the clerk.) He moved to Richmond from Fredericksburg in\n 1808 and was married to Alice Grymes Burwell (?--1847), a\n daughter of Lewis and Judith Page Burwell. His children\n were Lewis Burwell and Lucy Page. Williams served as a\n member of a Richmond vigilance committee headed by John\n Marshall for the defense of the city against a possible\n British invasion in 1813. He and his wife were buried at\n Culpeper. His papers, 1798-1816, consist mostly of letters\n and a few financial and legal papers. An April 23, 1805\n letter briefly discusses mortgaging slaves; a June 28, 1807\n letter mentions in passing Aaron Burr's treason trial in\n which Williams was associated in a peripheral role. Lewis Burwell Williams (1802-1880) was a member of the\n Virginia House of Delegates in 1830 and was Commonwealth's\n Attorney in Orange County for forty-seven years. He was\n admitted to Princeton University as a sophomore on November\n 9, 1815 and joined the Whig Society that same year. On\n January 14, 1817 his father requested that he be removed\n from the school but on January 21 he was expelled for\n participating in a riot. \n 1 He was married to Mary Catlett\n Williams and resided at the family home, \"Yatton.\" His\n papers, 1833-1880, are chiefly financial and legal in\n nature. Items of interest among his papers include\n testimony circumstances surrounding the death of William F.\n Mitchell in 1878, ordinances of the corporation of Orange\n [1840s], and his bankbook account with the First National\n Bank of Alexandria, 1871-1879. John Green Williams (1843-1911) was the son of Lewis\n Burwell and Mary Catlett Williams. While a student at the\n College of William and Mary he joined the Confederate Army\n and was attached to the staff of General Jubal Early as a\n courier. He earned a law degree in 1870 and was Orange\n County clerk from 1869 to 1871. In 1880 he succeeded his\n father as Commonwealth's Attorney for that county and\n served for twenty-four years. He was married to Catherine\n Murat Willis (1848-1917). Papers concerning the\n presentation of his portrait to Orange County in 1953 are\n the only items regarding him in the collection. John Langbourne Williams (1831-1915) was a Richmond\n banker. He was the son of John and Sianna Armistead\n (Dandridge) Williams. He earned an A. M. degree from the\n University of Virginia in 1851 and a D.Litt. degree from\n Washington and Lee University in 1908. He married Maria\n Ward Skelton on October 13, 1864 and during the Civil War\n was a member of Lancaster \u0026 Company, Confederate\n financial agents. After the conclusion of the war he\n established John L. Williams and Sons; the firm assisted in\n the refunding of South Carolina's debt. Associated with the\n founding and reorganization of various railroads, Williams\n was also president of the Richmond Male Orphan Society,\n Memorial Hospital, the Southern Churchman Company, and\n treasurer of the Virginia Negro Reformatory. His papers,\n 1880 \u0026 1886-1915, include correspondence, select\n printed versions of his speeches and articles, calling\n cards, a lock of his(?) hair, and an obituary\n publication. Maria Ward Skelton Williams (1843-1929), wife of John\n Langbourne Williams, is represented by her correspondence\n with family members and acquaintances, 1847-1925. Of\n particular interest among these is an 1850 letter written\n by her at age eight from a Mr. Berkeley's school in Amelia\n or Powhatan County discussing her activities, and\n typescript copies of letters, 1854, 1861 \u0026 1863, from\n her cousin, noted author John Esten Cooke (1830-1886),\n while he was a soldier in the Confederate Army stationed in\n Amelia County and the town of Leesburg. Cooke describes\n camp life and his daily activities and mentions several\n mutual friends. Present in a separate folder are letters to\n her from her brother, E. W. Skelton, 1906 \u0026 1914,\n 1916-1917. Skelton was a San Francisco real estate agent\n and his July 4, 1906 letter discusses the earthquake of\n April 18 and its aftermath. John Langbourne and Maria Ward Skelton Williams were the\n parents of John Skelton, Edmund Randolph, Langbourne Meade,\n Cyane Dandridge Williams (wife of Eli Lockert Bemiss),\n Charlotte Randolph Williams, Robert Lancaster Williams,\n Ennion Gifford Williams, William Berkeley Williams, and\n Maria Ward Skelton Williams (wife of Lewis Catlett\n Williams). John Skelton Williams (1865-1926) was born in Powhatan\n County. He was educated at the University of Virginia.\n After a career as a financier and a publicist he was\n appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury by President\n Woodrow Wilson in 1913. In January 1914, he was appointed\n Comptroller of the Currency and served until his\n resignation in 1921, His papers, 1905, 1907 \u0026\n 1913-1926, consists of correspondence, speeches, articles,\n and addresses, and miscellaneous items pertaining to his\n life and career. Edmund Randolph Williams (1871-1952) was a partner in\n the Richmond, Virginia law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore. He received a LL.B. degree from\n the University of Virginia in 1893. He was associated with\n various organizations including the Virginia Museum of Fine\n Arts, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Virginia\n Electric and Power Company. His papers, 1950, 1952 \u0026\n 1973, embody genealogical materials regarding the Randolph\n family. Langbourne Meade Williams (1872-1931) was born in\n Richmond. He attended the University of Virginia and the\n University of Pennsylvania where he studied finance and\n economics. He later became associated with his father's\n bank, John L. Williams and Sons. The few papers present in\n this collection regarding him, 1930-1931, contain an\n obituary announcement about his life, a letter addressed to\n him, and a legal document concerning a lawsuit which\n included him among the plaintiffs. William C. Williams (1859-1937) was born in Orange\n County (he was not related to the John L. Williams family\n but was a member of the Orange County Williams family to\n which Lewis Catlett Williams belonged) and graduated from\n the University of Virginia in 1878; he was admitted to the\n Orange bar in 1881. William was elected to the County\n Committee in 1880 and served for forty-five years; he also\n served as commissioner in chancery of the county circuit\n court and as superintendent of the county school\n (1885-1904). He married Evelyn Johnson in 1882 and they had\n five children: William Clayton, Jr. [1884--1945; later a\n resident of Detroit, Michigan, and vice-president of\n General Motors' Chevrolet Division during the 1930s and\n 1940s], Mary Isabel, Evelyn, and Josephine Johnson. He died\n on April 22, 1937, at his \"Berry Hill\" home near Orange. \n 2 In this collection he is\n represented by a brief 1936 letter to him from Lewis\n Catlett Williams and a 1980 newsclipping bearing\n information about a Richmond home owned by William Clayton\n Williams (1768-1817). 1 Marye Pochyla, Office of the\n Secretary, Princeton University, to Mr. Lewis C. Williams,\n Williams, Mullen, Pollard \u0026 Rogers, Richmond, Virginia,\n December 10, 1951. The Special Collections Department is\n indebted to Ambassador Williams and his brother, John Page\n Williams, for providing a copy of this letter and other\n genealogical and biographical information on members of\n their family. \n 2 Information on William C.\n Williams and Williams C. Williams, Jr., was graciously\n provided by Mrs. Evelyn Williams Turnbull, administrator of\n the University of Virginia's Rotunda and daughter of\n William Clayton, Jr.","This series consists of 1200 items, 1798-1980 (Boxes 1\n to 4). William Clayton Williams (1768-1817) was at one time\n a lawyer in Woodstock, Virginia and deputy clerk of\n Shenandoah County. (His brother, Major John Williams, was\n the clerk.) He moved to Richmond from Fredericksburg in\n 1808 and was married to Alice Grymes Burwell (?--1847), a\n daughter of Lewis and Judith Page Burwell. His children\n were Lewis Burwell and Lucy Page. Williams served as a\n member of a Richmond vigilance committee headed by John\n Marshall for the defense of the city against a possible\n British invasion in 1813. He and his wife were buried at\n Culpeper. His papers, 1798-1816, consist mostly of letters\n and a few financial and legal papers. An April 23, 1805\n letter briefly discusses mortgaging slaves; a June 28, 1807\n letter mentions in passing Aaron Burr's treason trial in\n which Williams was associated in a peripheral role.","Lewis Burwell Williams (1802-1880) was a member of the\n Virginia House of Delegates in 1830 and was Commonwealth's\n Attorney in Orange County for forty-seven years. He was\n admitted to Princeton University as a sophomore on November\n 9, 1815 and joined the Whig Society that same year. On\n January 14, 1817 his father requested that he be removed\n from the school but on January 21 he was expelled for\n participating in a riot. \n 1 He was married to Mary Catlett\n Williams and resided at the family home, \"Yatton.\" His\n papers, 1833-1880, are chiefly financial and legal in\n nature. Items of interest among his papers include\n testimony circumstances surrounding the death of William F.\n Mitchell in 1878, ordinances of the corporation of Orange\n [1840s], and his bankbook account with the First National\n Bank of Alexandria, 1871-1879.","John Green Williams (1843-1911) was the son of Lewis\n Burwell and Mary Catlett Williams. While a student at the\n College of William and Mary he joined the Confederate Army\n and was attached to the staff of General Jubal Early as a\n courier. He earned a law degree in 1870 and was Orange\n County clerk from 1869 to 1871. In 1880 he succeeded his\n father as Commonwealth's Attorney for that county and\n served for twenty-four years. He was married to Catherine\n Murat Willis (1848-1917). Papers concerning the\n presentation of his portrait to Orange County in 1953 are\n the only items regarding him in the collection.","John Langbourne Williams (1831-1915) was a Richmond\n banker. He was the son of John and Sianna Armistead\n (Dandridge) Williams. He earned an A. M. degree from the\n University of Virginia in 1851 and a D.Litt. degree from\n Washington and Lee University in 1908. He married Maria\n Ward Skelton on October 13, 1864 and during the Civil War\n was a member of Lancaster \u0026 Company, Confederate\n financial agents. After the conclusion of the war he\n established John L. Williams and Sons; the firm assisted in\n the refunding of South Carolina's debt. Associated with the\n founding and reorganization of various railroads, Williams\n was also president of the Richmond Male Orphan Society,\n Memorial Hospital, the Southern Churchman Company, and\n treasurer of the Virginia Negro Reformatory. His papers,\n 1880 \u0026 1886-1915, include correspondence, select\n printed versions of his speeches and articles, calling\n cards, a lock of his(?) hair, and an obituary\n publication.","Maria Ward Skelton Williams (1843-1929), wife of John\n Langbourne Williams, is represented by her correspondence\n with family members and acquaintances, 1847-1925. Of\n particular interest among these is an 1850 letter written\n by her at age eight from a Mr. Berkeley's school in Amelia\n or Powhatan County discussing her activities, and\n typescript copies of letters, 1854, 1861 \u0026 1863, from\n her cousin, noted author John Esten Cooke (1830-1886),\n while he was a soldier in the Confederate Army stationed in\n Amelia County and the town of Leesburg. Cooke describes\n camp life and his daily activities and mentions several\n mutual friends. Present in a separate folder are letters to\n her from her brother, E. W. Skelton, 1906 \u0026 1914,\n 1916-1917. Skelton was a San Francisco real estate agent\n and his July 4, 1906 letter discusses the earthquake of\n April 18 and its aftermath.","John Langbourne and Maria Ward Skelton Williams were the\n parents of John Skelton, Edmund Randolph, Langbourne Meade,\n Cyane Dandridge Williams (wife of Eli Lockert Bemiss),\n Charlotte Randolph Williams, Robert Lancaster Williams,\n Ennion Gifford Williams, William Berkeley Williams, and\n Maria Ward Skelton Williams (wife of Lewis Catlett\n Williams).","John Skelton Williams (1865-1926) was born in Powhatan\n County. He was educated at the University of Virginia.\n After a career as a financier and a publicist he was\n appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury by President\n Woodrow Wilson in 1913. In January 1914, he was appointed\n Comptroller of the Currency and served until his\n resignation in 1921, His papers, 1905, 1907 \u0026\n 1913-1926, consists of correspondence, speeches, articles,\n and addresses, and miscellaneous items pertaining to his\n life and career.","Edmund Randolph Williams (1871-1952) was a partner in\n the Richmond, Virginia law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore. He received a LL.B. degree from\n the University of Virginia in 1893. He was associated with\n various organizations including the Virginia Museum of Fine\n Arts, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Virginia\n Electric and Power Company. His papers, 1950, 1952 \u0026\n 1973, embody genealogical materials regarding the Randolph\n family.","Langbourne Meade Williams (1872-1931) was born in\n Richmond. He attended the University of Virginia and the\n University of Pennsylvania where he studied finance and\n economics. He later became associated with his father's\n bank, John L. Williams and Sons. The few papers present in\n this collection regarding him, 1930-1931, contain an\n obituary announcement about his life, a letter addressed to\n him, and a legal document concerning a lawsuit which\n included him among the plaintiffs.","William C. Williams (1859-1937) was born in Orange\n County (he was not related to the John L. Williams family\n but was a member of the Orange County Williams family to\n which Lewis Catlett Williams belonged) and graduated from\n the University of Virginia in 1878; he was admitted to the\n Orange bar in 1881. William was elected to the County\n Committee in 1880 and served for forty-five years; he also\n served as commissioner in chancery of the county circuit\n court and as superintendent of the county school\n (1885-1904). He married Evelyn Johnson in 1882 and they had\n five children: William Clayton, Jr. [1884--1945; later a\n resident of Detroit, Michigan, and vice-president of\n General Motors' Chevrolet Division during the 1930s and\n 1940s], Mary Isabel, Evelyn, and Josephine Johnson. He died\n on April 22, 1937, at his \"Berry Hill\" home near Orange. \n 2 In this collection he is\n represented by a brief 1936 letter to him from Lewis\n Catlett Williams and a 1980 newsclipping bearing\n information about a Richmond home owned by William Clayton\n Williams (1768-1817).","1 Marye Pochyla, Office of the\n Secretary, Princeton University, to Mr. Lewis C. Williams,\n Williams, Mullen, Pollard \u0026 Rogers, Richmond, Virginia,\n December 10, 1951. The Special Collections Department is\n indebted to Ambassador Williams and his brother, John Page\n Williams, for providing a copy of this letter and other\n genealogical and biographical information on members of\n their family. \n 2 Information on William C.\n Williams and Williams C. Williams, Jr., was graciously\n provided by Mrs. Evelyn Williams Turnbull, administrator of\n the University of Virginia's Rotunda and daughter of\n William Clayton, Jr.","Series II: Lewis Catlett Williams Papers Lewis Catlett Williams (1875-1959), a Richmond lawyer\n and community leader, was the son of John Green Williams,\n Commonwealth's Attorney for Orange County, and was born at\n the family estate of \"Wood Park\" in that county. After\n receiving instruction at private schools he attended\n Woodberry Forest High School from 1889 to 1893. Williams\n earned B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of\n Virginia and studied law there from 1896 to 1898, became an\n honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa, and managed the\n University's football team. After being admitted to the New\n York bar in 1899 he was employed by the law firms of Wilmer\n \u0026 Canfield, and later, Bowers and Sands. He moved to\n Richmond in 1900 and passed a special bar examination which\n had been authorized for him by the General Assembly. He\n then was employed in the offices of Munford, Hunton,\n Williams and Anderson but in 1905 formed a partnership with\n A. Caperton Braxton; four years later he formed another\n partnership which led to the creation of the firm of\n Williams, Mullen and Hazelgrove (later Williams, Mullen\n \u0026 Pollard and Rogers). Williams married Maria Ward Skelton Williams (of another\n Williams family), the daughter of John L. Williams, in\n 1902. They had nine children: Maria, Lewis Catlett, Jr.\n (who died at age three), Fielding Lewis (who practiced law\n with his father), the Reverend Peyton Randolph, the\n Reverend John Page (a Rhodes Scholar), Cyane Dandridge,\n Murat Willis (Ambassador to El Salvador), Dr. Armistead\n Dandridge, and Richard Burwell. From 1922 to 1946 he was a member of the Board of\n Visitors of the University of Virginia and from 1921 to\n 1950 he was also a trustee of Woodberry Forest High\n School. Williams organized the Automobile Club of Virginia in\n 1921 and served as its president for twenty-three years. He\n was a founder and president (1938-1939) of the Virginia\n State Bar Association. He instituted a successful campaign\n in 1933 that culminated with the establishment of a\n city-manager form of government for Henrico County. He was\n also a trustee of the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation and\n of the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Foundation. He died in\n Richmond, Virginia, on November 3, 1959. His papers, 1891-1957, 1200 items (Boxes 4 to 6),\n include correspondence, articles and speeches, school\n papers (including his certificates and diplomas from\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia),\n reminiscences entitled \"My First Seventy-nine Years In The\n United States,\" photographs, newsclippings of his editorial\n letters, publications (chiefly published in the \n Richmond Times- Dispatch ),\n and miscellaneous related items. Douglas S. Freeman (1939),\n Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (1942 \u0026 1951), and Williams's son\n Murat are among his correspondents. Most of his\n correspondence chronicles family, civic, and professional\n activities. The subjects of his orations include automobile\n safety, tobacco taxation, workman's compensation, the law,\n ethics, the University of Virginia, and other themes. The\n folders are arranged alphabetically. Oversize material in\n the form of certificates and diplomas, 1892-1897 \u0026\n 1922, are items 1 to 20 in a listing appended to this\n guide. His wife, Maria, is represented by correspondence dating\n from 1918 to 1960. There are also letters of condolence to\n her pertaining to the death of her husband, school papers\n in the form of class reports on historical topics, and a\n typescript of an article from \n First Families: A Magazine of Real\n Society which describes her 1902 wedding\n ceremony.","Lewis Catlett Williams (1875-1959), a Richmond lawyer\n and community leader, was the son of John Green Williams,\n Commonwealth's Attorney for Orange County, and was born at\n the family estate of \"Wood Park\" in that county. After\n receiving instruction at private schools he attended\n Woodberry Forest High School from 1889 to 1893. Williams\n earned B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of\n Virginia and studied law there from 1896 to 1898, became an\n honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa, and managed the\n University's football team. After being admitted to the New\n York bar in 1899 he was employed by the law firms of Wilmer\n \u0026 Canfield, and later, Bowers and Sands. He moved to\n Richmond in 1900 and passed a special bar examination which\n had been authorized for him by the General Assembly. He\n then was employed in the offices of Munford, Hunton,\n Williams and Anderson but in 1905 formed a partnership with\n A. Caperton Braxton; four years later he formed another\n partnership which led to the creation of the firm of\n Williams, Mullen and Hazelgrove (later Williams, Mullen\n \u0026 Pollard and Rogers).","Williams married Maria Ward Skelton Williams (of another\n Williams family), the daughter of John L. Williams, in\n 1902. They had nine children: Maria, Lewis Catlett, Jr.\n (who died at age three), Fielding Lewis (who practiced law\n with his father), the Reverend Peyton Randolph, the\n Reverend John Page (a Rhodes Scholar), Cyane Dandridge,\n Murat Willis (Ambassador to El Salvador), Dr. Armistead\n Dandridge, and Richard Burwell.","From 1922 to 1946 he was a member of the Board of\n Visitors of the University of Virginia and from 1921 to\n 1950 he was also a trustee of Woodberry Forest High\n School.","Williams organized the Automobile Club of Virginia in\n 1921 and served as its president for twenty-three years. He\n was a founder and president (1938-1939) of the Virginia\n State Bar Association. He instituted a successful campaign\n in 1933 that culminated with the establishment of a\n city-manager form of government for Henrico County. He was\n also a trustee of the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation and\n of the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Foundation. He died in\n Richmond, Virginia, on November 3, 1959.","His papers, 1891-1957, 1200 items (Boxes 4 to 6),\n include correspondence, articles and speeches, school\n papers (including his certificates and diplomas from\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia),\n reminiscences entitled \"My First Seventy-nine Years In The\n United States,\" photographs, newsclippings of his editorial\n letters, publications (chiefly published in the \n Richmond Times- Dispatch ),\n and miscellaneous related items. Douglas S. Freeman (1939),\n Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (1942 \u0026 1951), and Williams's son\n Murat are among his correspondents. Most of his\n correspondence chronicles family, civic, and professional\n activities. The subjects of his orations include automobile\n safety, tobacco taxation, workman's compensation, the law,\n ethics, the University of Virginia, and other themes. The\n folders are arranged alphabetically. Oversize material in\n the form of certificates and diplomas, 1892-1897 \u0026\n 1922, are items 1 to 20 in a listing appended to this\n guide.","His wife, Maria, is represented by correspondence dating\n from 1918 to 1960. There are also letters of condolence to\n her pertaining to the death of her husband, school papers\n in the form of class reports on historical topics, and a\n typescript of an article from \n First Families: A Magazine of Real\n Society which describes her 1902 wedding\n ceremony.","Series III: Murat Willis Williams Papers The majority of the collection pertains to Murat Willis\n Williams (1914-1994), son of Lewis Catlett Williams. He was\n born in Richmond on June 14, 1914 and later attended\n Woodberry Forest School and the University of Virginia from\n 1928 to 1935. From 1935 to 1945 he was successively a\n reporter and an editorial assistant at the Richmond \n News Leader, a Rhodes Scholar\n at Oxford University (where he earned a M. A. degree\n awarded in 1943 in absentia), private secretary to the\n American ambassador to Spain, and an officer in the United\n States Navy during World War II. He married Eda Louise Burke on May 2, 1942; after her\n death in 1944 he married Joan Cunningham on January 24,\n 1946. They had four children: Kathleen, Brigid, Nicholas,\n and Michael. From 1946 to 1961 Williams was an assistant in the State\n Department and received his appointment as a foreign\n service officer; he was first secretary at the United\n States embassy in San Salvador and later, at Bucharest,\n Romania, assistant to the deputy undersecretary of state, a\n student at the National War College, consul general at\n Salonika, Greece, and a foreign service inspector. Murat\n Williams was also deputy director of the Office of Greek,\n Turkish, and Iranian Affairs at the State Department and\n counselor of the United States embassy, Tel Aviv,\n Israel. In 1961 Williams was appointed ambassador to El Salvador\n by President John F. Kennedy and served in that capacity\n until 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was deputy coordinator for\n the Bureau of Intelligence and Research in Washington, D.\n C. Upon his departure from the State Department in 1950\n Williams became involved in national and Virginia\n Democratic politics. He was chairman for the Virginia State\n Committee for [Eugene] McCarthy for President in 1968 and\n was his party's candidate for Congress in Virginia's\n Seventh District in 1970 and 1972. During 1970s Murat\n Williams was president of the Virginia Center for the\n Creative Arts and chairman of the advisory board for the\n School of International Service at American University. He\n died in Charlottesville, Virginia, on March 31, 1994, age\n 79. Ambassador Williams' papers, 1917-1987, 9,630 items\n (Boxes 6 to 27), consist chiefly of his personal\n correspondence and related materials from nearly every\n aspect of his life and career including his enrollment at\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia, his naval\n service, family correspondence, congressional campaigns,\n and miscellaneous political and diplomatic service papers.\n These are described and listed in four subseries below. His\n wife, Joan, is represented in the collection by\n correspondence and assorted materials dating from 1941-1979\n (boxes 18 to 19).","The majority of the collection pertains to Murat Willis\n Williams (1914-1994), son of Lewis Catlett Williams. He was\n born in Richmond on June 14, 1914 and later attended\n Woodberry Forest School and the University of Virginia from\n 1928 to 1935. From 1935 to 1945 he was successively a\n reporter and an editorial assistant at the Richmond \n News Leader, a Rhodes Scholar\n at Oxford University (where he earned a M. A. degree\n awarded in 1943 in absentia), private secretary to the\n American ambassador to Spain, and an officer in the United\n States Navy during World War II.","He married Eda Louise Burke on May 2, 1942; after her\n death in 1944 he married Joan Cunningham on January 24,\n 1946. They had four children: Kathleen, Brigid, Nicholas,\n and Michael.","From 1946 to 1961 Williams was an assistant in the State\n Department and received his appointment as a foreign\n service officer; he was first secretary at the United\n States embassy in San Salvador and later, at Bucharest,\n Romania, assistant to the deputy undersecretary of state, a\n student at the National War College, consul general at\n Salonika, Greece, and a foreign service inspector. Murat\n Williams was also deputy director of the Office of Greek,\n Turkish, and Iranian Affairs at the State Department and\n counselor of the United States embassy, Tel Aviv,\n Israel.","In 1961 Williams was appointed ambassador to El Salvador\n by President John F. Kennedy and served in that capacity\n until 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was deputy coordinator for\n the Bureau of Intelligence and Research in Washington, D.\n C. Upon his departure from the State Department in 1950\n Williams became involved in national and Virginia\n Democratic politics. He was chairman for the Virginia State\n Committee for [Eugene] McCarthy for President in 1968 and\n was his party's candidate for Congress in Virginia's\n Seventh District in 1970 and 1972. During 1970s Murat\n Williams was president of the Virginia Center for the\n Creative Arts and chairman of the advisory board for the\n School of International Service at American University. He\n died in Charlottesville, Virginia, on March 31, 1994, age\n 79.","Ambassador Williams' papers, 1917-1987, 9,630 items\n (Boxes 6 to 27), consist chiefly of his personal\n correspondence and related materials from nearly every\n aspect of his life and career including his enrollment at\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia, his naval\n service, family correspondence, congressional campaigns,\n and miscellaneous political and diplomatic service papers.\n These are described and listed in four subseries below. His\n wife, Joan, is represented in the collection by\n correspondence and assorted materials dating from 1941-1979\n (boxes 18 to 19).","Subseries A: Correspondence This subseries, 1922-1987 (Boxes 6 to 20), consists of\n Ambassador Williams' private and professional\n correspondence with family, friends, and contemporaries\n from various places around the world. Prominent\n correspondents include Alexander Wilbourne Weddell, Chester\n Bowles, James O. Eastland, Ogden R. Reid, Edgar F. Shannon,\n Jr., Walt W. Rostow, John O. Marsh, Jr., John Kenneth\n Galbraith, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., William Spong, Charles\n S. Robb, McGeorge Bundy, J. Kenneth Robinson, Frank L.\n Hereford, Harry F. Byrd, Jr., Henry Howell, J. Harry\n Michael, Andrew P. Miller, Thomas S. Kleppe, William P.\n Bundy, Virginius Dabney, Hubert H. Humphrey, Hugh Sidney,\n and Claiborne Pell. Of supplementary interest in his\n general correspondence is a 1938 letter from Mrs. Kermit\n Roosevelt and an invitation to a White House dance from\n Eleanor Roosevelt [December 22, 1938]. Following the general correspondence are topical folders\n which contain letters pertaining Williams' education, his\n employment at the Richmond \n News Leader (mostly letters\n from Douglas Southall Freeman), his Oxford associations,\n and, various letters from El Salvador, Hungary, Romania,\n and Greece. Edward R. Stettinius, Virginius Dabney, Oren\n Root, Jr., and Alexander Wilbourne Weddell are the more\n prominent correspondents in this group. The ambassador's Oxford years (Box 16) are represented\n by three folders of letters to his parents, especially his\n mother, 1936-1939 (followed by three additional folders\n containing letters addressed to Williams at Oxford in Boxes\n 16 and 17) which discuss politics and life in Great\n Britain, Europe's sense of impending crisis prior to the\n outbreak of World War II, and the progress of his studies.\n Several 1938 letters comment on such incidents as efforts\n by German agents on behalf of an independent Ukraine\n [November 18] and social gatherings where King George VI,\n his Queen, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh were among\n the guests [May 22, 24 \u0026 29]. He was acquainted with\n Kathleen Kennedy, daughter of U. S. Ambassador Joseph P.\n Kennedy, and mentions events he attended with her or at\n which she and her father were present as guests of honor\n [May 22 \u0026 24, 1938; March 5 \u0026 May 21, 1939].\n Williams also discusses tobacco tax problems in Virginia\n [October 28, 1938]. There are several references to Lady Nancy Langhorne\n Astor (Viscountess Astor). Murat describes how Astor, while\n conducting a tour of \"Cliveden\" for he and his fellow\n Rhodes scholars, suddenly challenged them to a whistling\n contest [May 11, 1938] and his impressions of a speech by\n Winston Churchill in Parliament and Astor's behavior during\n the debates there [March 24, 1939]. These and other letters\n were mailed to the United States via several ships\n including the \n Queen Mary, Normandie, Paris,\n Chaplain, Ile de France, Aquitania, Duke of\n York, and \n Nieuw Amsterdam.","This subseries, 1922-1987 (Boxes 6 to 20), consists of\n Ambassador Williams' private and professional\n correspondence with family, friends, and contemporaries\n from various places around the world. Prominent\n correspondents include Alexander Wilbourne Weddell, Chester\n Bowles, James O. Eastland, Ogden R. Reid, Edgar F. Shannon,\n Jr., Walt W. Rostow, John O. Marsh, Jr., John Kenneth\n Galbraith, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., William Spong, Charles\n S. Robb, McGeorge Bundy, J. Kenneth Robinson, Frank L.\n Hereford, Harry F. Byrd, Jr., Henry Howell, J. Harry\n Michael, Andrew P. Miller, Thomas S. Kleppe, William P.\n Bundy, Virginius Dabney, Hubert H. Humphrey, Hugh Sidney,\n and Claiborne Pell. Of supplementary interest in his\n general correspondence is a 1938 letter from Mrs. Kermit\n Roosevelt and an invitation to a White House dance from\n Eleanor Roosevelt [December 22, 1938].","Following the general correspondence are topical folders\n which contain letters pertaining Williams' education, his\n employment at the Richmond \n News Leader (mostly letters\n from Douglas Southall Freeman), his Oxford associations,\n and, various letters from El Salvador, Hungary, Romania,\n and Greece. Edward R. Stettinius, Virginius Dabney, Oren\n Root, Jr., and Alexander Wilbourne Weddell are the more\n prominent correspondents in this group.","The ambassador's Oxford years (Box 16) are represented\n by three folders of letters to his parents, especially his\n mother, 1936-1939 (followed by three additional folders\n containing letters addressed to Williams at Oxford in Boxes\n 16 and 17) which discuss politics and life in Great\n Britain, Europe's sense of impending crisis prior to the\n outbreak of World War II, and the progress of his studies.\n Several 1938 letters comment on such incidents as efforts\n by German agents on behalf of an independent Ukraine\n [November 18] and social gatherings where King George VI,\n his Queen, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh were among\n the guests [May 22, 24 \u0026 29]. He was acquainted with\n Kathleen Kennedy, daughter of U. S. Ambassador Joseph P.\n Kennedy, and mentions events he attended with her or at\n which she and her father were present as guests of honor\n [May 22 \u0026 24, 1938; March 5 \u0026 May 21, 1939].\n Williams also discusses tobacco tax problems in Virginia\n [October 28, 1938].","There are several references to Lady Nancy Langhorne\n Astor (Viscountess Astor). Murat describes how Astor, while\n conducting a tour of \"Cliveden\" for he and his fellow\n Rhodes scholars, suddenly challenged them to a whistling\n contest [May 11, 1938] and his impressions of a speech by\n Winston Churchill in Parliament and Astor's behavior during\n the debates there [March 24, 1939]. These and other letters\n were mailed to the United States via several ships\n including the \n Queen Mary, Normandie, Paris,\n Chaplain, Ile de France, Aquitania, Duke of\n York, and \n Nieuw Amsterdam.","Subseries B: Foreign Service In this subseries (Boxes 20 to 21) are various papers,\n 1944-1981, pertaining to Ambassador Williams' affiliations\n with the State Department and other foreign service groups.\n Also present are folders containing newsclippings,\n photographs, speeches, and articles on El Salvador. The\n folders are organized chronologically.","In this subseries (Boxes 20 to 21) are various papers,\n 1944-1981, pertaining to Ambassador Williams' affiliations\n with the State Department and other foreign service groups.\n Also present are folders containing newsclippings,\n photographs, speeches, and articles on El Salvador. The\n folders are organized chronologically.","Subseries C: Political Papers Murat Williams' political interests, 1965-1972 (Boxes 21\n to 25) are reflected in this subseries. Present are\n letters, scrapbooks, photographs, and press releases\n regarding this congressional campaigns, Virginians for\n McCarthy, and other related material. Most of the\n correspondents are Virginia and national politicians: Henry\n Howell, Paul H. Douglas, George C. Rawlings, William C.\n Battle, Francis Pickens Miller, Armistead L. Boothe, Eugene\n J. McCarthy, William B. Spong, Thomas J. Michie, Jr.,\n George J. Kostel, George S. Aldhizer II, Hale Boggs, and J.\n Kenneth Robinson. Of particular interest is the\n \"Congressional Campaign-- Miscellaneous Correspondence\"\n folder which includes letters of endorsement on behalf of\n Murat Williams' 1972 congressional campaign from Wilbur D.\n Mills (October 17, 1972), Hubert H. Humphrey (October 17\n \u0026 27, 1972), and Henry Howell (October 27, 1972).\n Several letters from these and other political figures may\n also be found in Subseries A during the period of the\n 1970s.","Murat Williams' political interests, 1965-1972 (Boxes 21\n to 25) are reflected in this subseries. Present are\n letters, scrapbooks, photographs, and press releases\n regarding this congressional campaigns, Virginians for\n McCarthy, and other related material. Most of the\n correspondents are Virginia and national politicians: Henry\n Howell, Paul H. Douglas, George C. Rawlings, William C.\n Battle, Francis Pickens Miller, Armistead L. Boothe, Eugene\n J. McCarthy, William B. Spong, Thomas J. Michie, Jr.,\n George J. Kostel, George S. Aldhizer II, Hale Boggs, and J.\n Kenneth Robinson. Of particular interest is the\n \"Congressional Campaign-- Miscellaneous Correspondence\"\n folder which includes letters of endorsement on behalf of\n Murat Williams' 1972 congressional campaign from Wilbur D.\n Mills (October 17, 1972), Hubert H. Humphrey (October 17\n \u0026 27, 1972), and Henry Howell (October 27, 1972).\n Several letters from these and other political figures may\n also be found in Subseries A during the period of the\n 1970s.","Subseries D: Miscellaneous Files These folders (Boxes 25 to 27) include genealogical\n material, military service papers, newspaper clippings,\n photographs, schools papers and grade reports and speeches\n and writings, 1901-1987. Among these are Williams' birth\n certificate, marriage license, military identification\n cards, correspondence and items regarding the publication\n of Francis Pickens Miller's autobiography, \n Man From The Valley: Memoirs of a\n 20th Century Virginian, a photograph of Murat\n Williams at age three, and an oral history interview of the\n ambassador which was conducted by Columbia University. Oversize material, 1931-1970, in the form of diplomas,\n certificates, and a photographic copy of a Fred Seibel\n cartoon, \"Winds of Change (July 7, 1966),\" inscribed for\n Murat Williams, are listed as items 21 to 31 in the\n oversize list at the end of this guide.","These folders (Boxes 25 to 27) include genealogical\n material, military service papers, newspaper clippings,\n photographs, schools papers and grade reports and speeches\n and writings, 1901-1987. Among these are Williams' birth\n certificate, marriage license, military identification\n cards, correspondence and items regarding the publication\n of Francis Pickens Miller's autobiography, \n Man From The Valley: Memoirs of a\n 20th Century Virginian, a photograph of Murat\n Williams at age three, and an oral history interview of the\n ambassador which was conducted by Columbia University.","Oversize material, 1931-1970, in the form of diplomas,\n certificates, and a photographic copy of a Fred Seibel\n cartoon, \"Winds of Change (July 7, 1966),\" inscribed for\n Murat Williams, are listed as items 21 to 31 in the\n oversize list at the end of this guide.","See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["10724"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Williams Family \n 1798 (1802-1972)\n 1987"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Williams Family \n 1798 (1802-1972)\n 1987"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Williams Family \n 1798 (1802-1972)\n 1987"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Williams Family Papers were given to the Library by\n Ambassador Murat W. Williams of Washington, D.C., on June\n 19, 1987, and bear no restrictions."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection\n contains ca. 12,030 items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series: I. Williams\n Family, II. Lewis Catlett Williams Papers, and III. Murat\n Willis Williams Papers. Series I is arranged topically and\n alphabetically by name of individual family members prior to\n Lewis Catlett Williams. Series II contains his papers; they\n are filed alphabetically by folder title. Series III contains\n Ambassador Williams' papers which are arranged alphabetically\n and chronologically. Oversized materials for Lewis Catlett and\n Murat Willis Williams are enumerated item by item in a\n container list appended to this guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEach series is preceded by brief biographical sketches of\n those members of the Williams family for which there are\n documents present. The contents of the folders are arranged\n chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series: I. Williams\n Family, II. Lewis Catlett Williams Papers, and III. Murat\n Willis Williams Papers. Series I is arranged topically and\n alphabetically by name of individual family members prior to\n Lewis Catlett Williams. Series II contains his papers; they\n are filed alphabetically by folder title. Series III contains\n Ambassador Williams' papers which are arranged alphabetically\n and chronologically. Oversized materials for Lewis Catlett and\n Murat Willis Williams are enumerated item by item in a\n container list appended to this guide.","Each series is preceded by brief biographical sketches of\n those members of the Williams family for which there are\n documents present. The contents of the folders are arranged\n chronologically."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Williams Family, 1798 (1802-1972) 1987,\n Accession # 10724, Special Collections Dept., University of\n Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Williams Family, 1798 (1802-1972) 1987,\n Accession # 10724, Special Collections Dept., University of\n Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information","Series I: Williams Family","Series II: Lewis Catlett Williams Papers","Series III: Murat Willis Williams Papers","Subseries A: Correspondence","Subseries B: Foreign Service","Subseries C: Political Papers","Subseries D: Miscellaneous Files"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Williams Family Papers consists of ca. 12,030 items (27\n Hollinger boxes, and one oversize folder, ca. 9.7 linear shelf\n feet), 1798 (1802-1972)1987, correspondence, financial and\n legal papers, photographs, newsclippings, genealogical\n material, miscellaneous writings and related materials chiefly\n concerning the Williams family of Orange County and other\n Virginia locales, especially Lewis Catlett Williams, a\n Richmond lawyer and his son, Murat Willis Williams, United\n States ambassador to El Salvador. Topics of interest include:\n the War of 1812, slaves and slavery, the Civil War, the\n University of Virginia, Orange County, Virginia, life in El\n Salvador, Greece, Romania and other countries, Latin America,\n American foreign policy, Virginia and Democratic party\n politics, other contemporary events and family matters.\n Several of the Williamses are represented in this\n accumulation.","Series I: Williams Family This series consists of 1200 items, 1798-1980 (Boxes 1\n to 4). William Clayton Williams (1768-1817) was at one time\n a lawyer in Woodstock, Virginia and deputy clerk of\n Shenandoah County. (His brother, Major John Williams, was\n the clerk.) He moved to Richmond from Fredericksburg in\n 1808 and was married to Alice Grymes Burwell (?--1847), a\n daughter of Lewis and Judith Page Burwell. His children\n were Lewis Burwell and Lucy Page. Williams served as a\n member of a Richmond vigilance committee headed by John\n Marshall for the defense of the city against a possible\n British invasion in 1813. He and his wife were buried at\n Culpeper. His papers, 1798-1816, consist mostly of letters\n and a few financial and legal papers. An April 23, 1805\n letter briefly discusses mortgaging slaves; a June 28, 1807\n letter mentions in passing Aaron Burr's treason trial in\n which Williams was associated in a peripheral role. Lewis Burwell Williams (1802-1880) was a member of the\n Virginia House of Delegates in 1830 and was Commonwealth's\n Attorney in Orange County for forty-seven years. He was\n admitted to Princeton University as a sophomore on November\n 9, 1815 and joined the Whig Society that same year. On\n January 14, 1817 his father requested that he be removed\n from the school but on January 21 he was expelled for\n participating in a riot. \n 1 He was married to Mary Catlett\n Williams and resided at the family home, \"Yatton.\" His\n papers, 1833-1880, are chiefly financial and legal in\n nature. Items of interest among his papers include\n testimony circumstances surrounding the death of William F.\n Mitchell in 1878, ordinances of the corporation of Orange\n [1840s], and his bankbook account with the First National\n Bank of Alexandria, 1871-1879. John Green Williams (1843-1911) was the son of Lewis\n Burwell and Mary Catlett Williams. While a student at the\n College of William and Mary he joined the Confederate Army\n and was attached to the staff of General Jubal Early as a\n courier. He earned a law degree in 1870 and was Orange\n County clerk from 1869 to 1871. In 1880 he succeeded his\n father as Commonwealth's Attorney for that county and\n served for twenty-four years. He was married to Catherine\n Murat Willis (1848-1917). Papers concerning the\n presentation of his portrait to Orange County in 1953 are\n the only items regarding him in the collection. John Langbourne Williams (1831-1915) was a Richmond\n banker. He was the son of John and Sianna Armistead\n (Dandridge) Williams. He earned an A. M. degree from the\n University of Virginia in 1851 and a D.Litt. degree from\n Washington and Lee University in 1908. He married Maria\n Ward Skelton on October 13, 1864 and during the Civil War\n was a member of Lancaster \u0026 Company, Confederate\n financial agents. After the conclusion of the war he\n established John L. Williams and Sons; the firm assisted in\n the refunding of South Carolina's debt. Associated with the\n founding and reorganization of various railroads, Williams\n was also president of the Richmond Male Orphan Society,\n Memorial Hospital, the Southern Churchman Company, and\n treasurer of the Virginia Negro Reformatory. His papers,\n 1880 \u0026 1886-1915, include correspondence, select\n printed versions of his speeches and articles, calling\n cards, a lock of his(?) hair, and an obituary\n publication. Maria Ward Skelton Williams (1843-1929), wife of John\n Langbourne Williams, is represented by her correspondence\n with family members and acquaintances, 1847-1925. Of\n particular interest among these is an 1850 letter written\n by her at age eight from a Mr. Berkeley's school in Amelia\n or Powhatan County discussing her activities, and\n typescript copies of letters, 1854, 1861 \u0026 1863, from\n her cousin, noted author John Esten Cooke (1830-1886),\n while he was a soldier in the Confederate Army stationed in\n Amelia County and the town of Leesburg. Cooke describes\n camp life and his daily activities and mentions several\n mutual friends. Present in a separate folder are letters to\n her from her brother, E. W. Skelton, 1906 \u0026 1914,\n 1916-1917. Skelton was a San Francisco real estate agent\n and his July 4, 1906 letter discusses the earthquake of\n April 18 and its aftermath. John Langbourne and Maria Ward Skelton Williams were the\n parents of John Skelton, Edmund Randolph, Langbourne Meade,\n Cyane Dandridge Williams (wife of Eli Lockert Bemiss),\n Charlotte Randolph Williams, Robert Lancaster Williams,\n Ennion Gifford Williams, William Berkeley Williams, and\n Maria Ward Skelton Williams (wife of Lewis Catlett\n Williams). John Skelton Williams (1865-1926) was born in Powhatan\n County. He was educated at the University of Virginia.\n After a career as a financier and a publicist he was\n appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury by President\n Woodrow Wilson in 1913. In January 1914, he was appointed\n Comptroller of the Currency and served until his\n resignation in 1921, His papers, 1905, 1907 \u0026\n 1913-1926, consists of correspondence, speeches, articles,\n and addresses, and miscellaneous items pertaining to his\n life and career. Edmund Randolph Williams (1871-1952) was a partner in\n the Richmond, Virginia law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore. He received a LL.B. degree from\n the University of Virginia in 1893. He was associated with\n various organizations including the Virginia Museum of Fine\n Arts, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Virginia\n Electric and Power Company. His papers, 1950, 1952 \u0026\n 1973, embody genealogical materials regarding the Randolph\n family. Langbourne Meade Williams (1872-1931) was born in\n Richmond. He attended the University of Virginia and the\n University of Pennsylvania where he studied finance and\n economics. He later became associated with his father's\n bank, John L. Williams and Sons. The few papers present in\n this collection regarding him, 1930-1931, contain an\n obituary announcement about his life, a letter addressed to\n him, and a legal document concerning a lawsuit which\n included him among the plaintiffs. William C. Williams (1859-1937) was born in Orange\n County (he was not related to the John L. Williams family\n but was a member of the Orange County Williams family to\n which Lewis Catlett Williams belonged) and graduated from\n the University of Virginia in 1878; he was admitted to the\n Orange bar in 1881. William was elected to the County\n Committee in 1880 and served for forty-five years; he also\n served as commissioner in chancery of the county circuit\n court and as superintendent of the county school\n (1885-1904). He married Evelyn Johnson in 1882 and they had\n five children: William Clayton, Jr. [1884--1945; later a\n resident of Detroit, Michigan, and vice-president of\n General Motors' Chevrolet Division during the 1930s and\n 1940s], Mary Isabel, Evelyn, and Josephine Johnson. He died\n on April 22, 1937, at his \"Berry Hill\" home near Orange. \n 2 In this collection he is\n represented by a brief 1936 letter to him from Lewis\n Catlett Williams and a 1980 newsclipping bearing\n information about a Richmond home owned by William Clayton\n Williams (1768-1817). 1 Marye Pochyla, Office of the\n Secretary, Princeton University, to Mr. Lewis C. Williams,\n Williams, Mullen, Pollard \u0026 Rogers, Richmond, Virginia,\n December 10, 1951. The Special Collections Department is\n indebted to Ambassador Williams and his brother, John Page\n Williams, for providing a copy of this letter and other\n genealogical and biographical information on members of\n their family. \n 2 Information on William C.\n Williams and Williams C. Williams, Jr., was graciously\n provided by Mrs. Evelyn Williams Turnbull, administrator of\n the University of Virginia's Rotunda and daughter of\n William Clayton, Jr.","This series consists of 1200 items, 1798-1980 (Boxes 1\n to 4). William Clayton Williams (1768-1817) was at one time\n a lawyer in Woodstock, Virginia and deputy clerk of\n Shenandoah County. (His brother, Major John Williams, was\n the clerk.) He moved to Richmond from Fredericksburg in\n 1808 and was married to Alice Grymes Burwell (?--1847), a\n daughter of Lewis and Judith Page Burwell. His children\n were Lewis Burwell and Lucy Page. Williams served as a\n member of a Richmond vigilance committee headed by John\n Marshall for the defense of the city against a possible\n British invasion in 1813. He and his wife were buried at\n Culpeper. His papers, 1798-1816, consist mostly of letters\n and a few financial and legal papers. An April 23, 1805\n letter briefly discusses mortgaging slaves; a June 28, 1807\n letter mentions in passing Aaron Burr's treason trial in\n which Williams was associated in a peripheral role.","Lewis Burwell Williams (1802-1880) was a member of the\n Virginia House of Delegates in 1830 and was Commonwealth's\n Attorney in Orange County for forty-seven years. He was\n admitted to Princeton University as a sophomore on November\n 9, 1815 and joined the Whig Society that same year. On\n January 14, 1817 his father requested that he be removed\n from the school but on January 21 he was expelled for\n participating in a riot. \n 1 He was married to Mary Catlett\n Williams and resided at the family home, \"Yatton.\" His\n papers, 1833-1880, are chiefly financial and legal in\n nature. Items of interest among his papers include\n testimony circumstances surrounding the death of William F.\n Mitchell in 1878, ordinances of the corporation of Orange\n [1840s], and his bankbook account with the First National\n Bank of Alexandria, 1871-1879.","John Green Williams (1843-1911) was the son of Lewis\n Burwell and Mary Catlett Williams. While a student at the\n College of William and Mary he joined the Confederate Army\n and was attached to the staff of General Jubal Early as a\n courier. He earned a law degree in 1870 and was Orange\n County clerk from 1869 to 1871. In 1880 he succeeded his\n father as Commonwealth's Attorney for that county and\n served for twenty-four years. He was married to Catherine\n Murat Willis (1848-1917). Papers concerning the\n presentation of his portrait to Orange County in 1953 are\n the only items regarding him in the collection.","John Langbourne Williams (1831-1915) was a Richmond\n banker. He was the son of John and Sianna Armistead\n (Dandridge) Williams. He earned an A. M. degree from the\n University of Virginia in 1851 and a D.Litt. degree from\n Washington and Lee University in 1908. He married Maria\n Ward Skelton on October 13, 1864 and during the Civil War\n was a member of Lancaster \u0026 Company, Confederate\n financial agents. After the conclusion of the war he\n established John L. Williams and Sons; the firm assisted in\n the refunding of South Carolina's debt. Associated with the\n founding and reorganization of various railroads, Williams\n was also president of the Richmond Male Orphan Society,\n Memorial Hospital, the Southern Churchman Company, and\n treasurer of the Virginia Negro Reformatory. His papers,\n 1880 \u0026 1886-1915, include correspondence, select\n printed versions of his speeches and articles, calling\n cards, a lock of his(?) hair, and an obituary\n publication.","Maria Ward Skelton Williams (1843-1929), wife of John\n Langbourne Williams, is represented by her correspondence\n with family members and acquaintances, 1847-1925. Of\n particular interest among these is an 1850 letter written\n by her at age eight from a Mr. Berkeley's school in Amelia\n or Powhatan County discussing her activities, and\n typescript copies of letters, 1854, 1861 \u0026 1863, from\n her cousin, noted author John Esten Cooke (1830-1886),\n while he was a soldier in the Confederate Army stationed in\n Amelia County and the town of Leesburg. Cooke describes\n camp life and his daily activities and mentions several\n mutual friends. Present in a separate folder are letters to\n her from her brother, E. W. Skelton, 1906 \u0026 1914,\n 1916-1917. Skelton was a San Francisco real estate agent\n and his July 4, 1906 letter discusses the earthquake of\n April 18 and its aftermath.","John Langbourne and Maria Ward Skelton Williams were the\n parents of John Skelton, Edmund Randolph, Langbourne Meade,\n Cyane Dandridge Williams (wife of Eli Lockert Bemiss),\n Charlotte Randolph Williams, Robert Lancaster Williams,\n Ennion Gifford Williams, William Berkeley Williams, and\n Maria Ward Skelton Williams (wife of Lewis Catlett\n Williams).","John Skelton Williams (1865-1926) was born in Powhatan\n County. He was educated at the University of Virginia.\n After a career as a financier and a publicist he was\n appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury by President\n Woodrow Wilson in 1913. In January 1914, he was appointed\n Comptroller of the Currency and served until his\n resignation in 1921, His papers, 1905, 1907 \u0026\n 1913-1926, consists of correspondence, speeches, articles,\n and addresses, and miscellaneous items pertaining to his\n life and career.","Edmund Randolph Williams (1871-1952) was a partner in\n the Richmond, Virginia law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026 Moore. He received a LL.B. degree from\n the University of Virginia in 1893. He was associated with\n various organizations including the Virginia Museum of Fine\n Arts, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Virginia\n Electric and Power Company. His papers, 1950, 1952 \u0026\n 1973, embody genealogical materials regarding the Randolph\n family.","Langbourne Meade Williams (1872-1931) was born in\n Richmond. He attended the University of Virginia and the\n University of Pennsylvania where he studied finance and\n economics. He later became associated with his father's\n bank, John L. Williams and Sons. The few papers present in\n this collection regarding him, 1930-1931, contain an\n obituary announcement about his life, a letter addressed to\n him, and a legal document concerning a lawsuit which\n included him among the plaintiffs.","William C. Williams (1859-1937) was born in Orange\n County (he was not related to the John L. Williams family\n but was a member of the Orange County Williams family to\n which Lewis Catlett Williams belonged) and graduated from\n the University of Virginia in 1878; he was admitted to the\n Orange bar in 1881. William was elected to the County\n Committee in 1880 and served for forty-five years; he also\n served as commissioner in chancery of the county circuit\n court and as superintendent of the county school\n (1885-1904). He married Evelyn Johnson in 1882 and they had\n five children: William Clayton, Jr. [1884--1945; later a\n resident of Detroit, Michigan, and vice-president of\n General Motors' Chevrolet Division during the 1930s and\n 1940s], Mary Isabel, Evelyn, and Josephine Johnson. He died\n on April 22, 1937, at his \"Berry Hill\" home near Orange. \n 2 In this collection he is\n represented by a brief 1936 letter to him from Lewis\n Catlett Williams and a 1980 newsclipping bearing\n information about a Richmond home owned by William Clayton\n Williams (1768-1817).","1 Marye Pochyla, Office of the\n Secretary, Princeton University, to Mr. Lewis C. Williams,\n Williams, Mullen, Pollard \u0026 Rogers, Richmond, Virginia,\n December 10, 1951. The Special Collections Department is\n indebted to Ambassador Williams and his brother, John Page\n Williams, for providing a copy of this letter and other\n genealogical and biographical information on members of\n their family. \n 2 Information on William C.\n Williams and Williams C. Williams, Jr., was graciously\n provided by Mrs. Evelyn Williams Turnbull, administrator of\n the University of Virginia's Rotunda and daughter of\n William Clayton, Jr.","Series II: Lewis Catlett Williams Papers Lewis Catlett Williams (1875-1959), a Richmond lawyer\n and community leader, was the son of John Green Williams,\n Commonwealth's Attorney for Orange County, and was born at\n the family estate of \"Wood Park\" in that county. After\n receiving instruction at private schools he attended\n Woodberry Forest High School from 1889 to 1893. Williams\n earned B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of\n Virginia and studied law there from 1896 to 1898, became an\n honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa, and managed the\n University's football team. After being admitted to the New\n York bar in 1899 he was employed by the law firms of Wilmer\n \u0026 Canfield, and later, Bowers and Sands. He moved to\n Richmond in 1900 and passed a special bar examination which\n had been authorized for him by the General Assembly. He\n then was employed in the offices of Munford, Hunton,\n Williams and Anderson but in 1905 formed a partnership with\n A. Caperton Braxton; four years later he formed another\n partnership which led to the creation of the firm of\n Williams, Mullen and Hazelgrove (later Williams, Mullen\n \u0026 Pollard and Rogers). Williams married Maria Ward Skelton Williams (of another\n Williams family), the daughter of John L. Williams, in\n 1902. They had nine children: Maria, Lewis Catlett, Jr.\n (who died at age three), Fielding Lewis (who practiced law\n with his father), the Reverend Peyton Randolph, the\n Reverend John Page (a Rhodes Scholar), Cyane Dandridge,\n Murat Willis (Ambassador to El Salvador), Dr. Armistead\n Dandridge, and Richard Burwell. From 1922 to 1946 he was a member of the Board of\n Visitors of the University of Virginia and from 1921 to\n 1950 he was also a trustee of Woodberry Forest High\n School. Williams organized the Automobile Club of Virginia in\n 1921 and served as its president for twenty-three years. He\n was a founder and president (1938-1939) of the Virginia\n State Bar Association. He instituted a successful campaign\n in 1933 that culminated with the establishment of a\n city-manager form of government for Henrico County. He was\n also a trustee of the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation and\n of the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Foundation. He died in\n Richmond, Virginia, on November 3, 1959. His papers, 1891-1957, 1200 items (Boxes 4 to 6),\n include correspondence, articles and speeches, school\n papers (including his certificates and diplomas from\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia),\n reminiscences entitled \"My First Seventy-nine Years In The\n United States,\" photographs, newsclippings of his editorial\n letters, publications (chiefly published in the \n Richmond Times- Dispatch ),\n and miscellaneous related items. Douglas S. Freeman (1939),\n Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (1942 \u0026 1951), and Williams's son\n Murat are among his correspondents. Most of his\n correspondence chronicles family, civic, and professional\n activities. The subjects of his orations include automobile\n safety, tobacco taxation, workman's compensation, the law,\n ethics, the University of Virginia, and other themes. The\n folders are arranged alphabetically. Oversize material in\n the form of certificates and diplomas, 1892-1897 \u0026\n 1922, are items 1 to 20 in a listing appended to this\n guide. His wife, Maria, is represented by correspondence dating\n from 1918 to 1960. There are also letters of condolence to\n her pertaining to the death of her husband, school papers\n in the form of class reports on historical topics, and a\n typescript of an article from \n First Families: A Magazine of Real\n Society which describes her 1902 wedding\n ceremony.","Lewis Catlett Williams (1875-1959), a Richmond lawyer\n and community leader, was the son of John Green Williams,\n Commonwealth's Attorney for Orange County, and was born at\n the family estate of \"Wood Park\" in that county. After\n receiving instruction at private schools he attended\n Woodberry Forest High School from 1889 to 1893. Williams\n earned B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of\n Virginia and studied law there from 1896 to 1898, became an\n honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa, and managed the\n University's football team. After being admitted to the New\n York bar in 1899 he was employed by the law firms of Wilmer\n \u0026 Canfield, and later, Bowers and Sands. He moved to\n Richmond in 1900 and passed a special bar examination which\n had been authorized for him by the General Assembly. He\n then was employed in the offices of Munford, Hunton,\n Williams and Anderson but in 1905 formed a partnership with\n A. Caperton Braxton; four years later he formed another\n partnership which led to the creation of the firm of\n Williams, Mullen and Hazelgrove (later Williams, Mullen\n \u0026 Pollard and Rogers).","Williams married Maria Ward Skelton Williams (of another\n Williams family), the daughter of John L. Williams, in\n 1902. They had nine children: Maria, Lewis Catlett, Jr.\n (who died at age three), Fielding Lewis (who practiced law\n with his father), the Reverend Peyton Randolph, the\n Reverend John Page (a Rhodes Scholar), Cyane Dandridge,\n Murat Willis (Ambassador to El Salvador), Dr. Armistead\n Dandridge, and Richard Burwell.","From 1922 to 1946 he was a member of the Board of\n Visitors of the University of Virginia and from 1921 to\n 1950 he was also a trustee of Woodberry Forest High\n School.","Williams organized the Automobile Club of Virginia in\n 1921 and served as its president for twenty-three years. He\n was a founder and president (1938-1939) of the Virginia\n State Bar Association. He instituted a successful campaign\n in 1933 that culminated with the establishment of a\n city-manager form of government for Henrico County. He was\n also a trustee of the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation and\n of the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Foundation. He died in\n Richmond, Virginia, on November 3, 1959.","His papers, 1891-1957, 1200 items (Boxes 4 to 6),\n include correspondence, articles and speeches, school\n papers (including his certificates and diplomas from\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia),\n reminiscences entitled \"My First Seventy-nine Years In The\n United States,\" photographs, newsclippings of his editorial\n letters, publications (chiefly published in the \n Richmond Times- Dispatch ),\n and miscellaneous related items. Douglas S. Freeman (1939),\n Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (1942 \u0026 1951), and Williams's son\n Murat are among his correspondents. Most of his\n correspondence chronicles family, civic, and professional\n activities. The subjects of his orations include automobile\n safety, tobacco taxation, workman's compensation, the law,\n ethics, the University of Virginia, and other themes. The\n folders are arranged alphabetically. Oversize material in\n the form of certificates and diplomas, 1892-1897 \u0026\n 1922, are items 1 to 20 in a listing appended to this\n guide.","His wife, Maria, is represented by correspondence dating\n from 1918 to 1960. There are also letters of condolence to\n her pertaining to the death of her husband, school papers\n in the form of class reports on historical topics, and a\n typescript of an article from \n First Families: A Magazine of Real\n Society which describes her 1902 wedding\n ceremony.","Series III: Murat Willis Williams Papers The majority of the collection pertains to Murat Willis\n Williams (1914-1994), son of Lewis Catlett Williams. He was\n born in Richmond on June 14, 1914 and later attended\n Woodberry Forest School and the University of Virginia from\n 1928 to 1935. From 1935 to 1945 he was successively a\n reporter and an editorial assistant at the Richmond \n News Leader, a Rhodes Scholar\n at Oxford University (where he earned a M. A. degree\n awarded in 1943 in absentia), private secretary to the\n American ambassador to Spain, and an officer in the United\n States Navy during World War II. He married Eda Louise Burke on May 2, 1942; after her\n death in 1944 he married Joan Cunningham on January 24,\n 1946. They had four children: Kathleen, Brigid, Nicholas,\n and Michael. From 1946 to 1961 Williams was an assistant in the State\n Department and received his appointment as a foreign\n service officer; he was first secretary at the United\n States embassy in San Salvador and later, at Bucharest,\n Romania, assistant to the deputy undersecretary of state, a\n student at the National War College, consul general at\n Salonika, Greece, and a foreign service inspector. Murat\n Williams was also deputy director of the Office of Greek,\n Turkish, and Iranian Affairs at the State Department and\n counselor of the United States embassy, Tel Aviv,\n Israel. In 1961 Williams was appointed ambassador to El Salvador\n by President John F. Kennedy and served in that capacity\n until 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was deputy coordinator for\n the Bureau of Intelligence and Research in Washington, D.\n C. Upon his departure from the State Department in 1950\n Williams became involved in national and Virginia\n Democratic politics. He was chairman for the Virginia State\n Committee for [Eugene] McCarthy for President in 1968 and\n was his party's candidate for Congress in Virginia's\n Seventh District in 1970 and 1972. During 1970s Murat\n Williams was president of the Virginia Center for the\n Creative Arts and chairman of the advisory board for the\n School of International Service at American University. He\n died in Charlottesville, Virginia, on March 31, 1994, age\n 79. Ambassador Williams' papers, 1917-1987, 9,630 items\n (Boxes 6 to 27), consist chiefly of his personal\n correspondence and related materials from nearly every\n aspect of his life and career including his enrollment at\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia, his naval\n service, family correspondence, congressional campaigns,\n and miscellaneous political and diplomatic service papers.\n These are described and listed in four subseries below. His\n wife, Joan, is represented in the collection by\n correspondence and assorted materials dating from 1941-1979\n (boxes 18 to 19).","The majority of the collection pertains to Murat Willis\n Williams (1914-1994), son of Lewis Catlett Williams. He was\n born in Richmond on June 14, 1914 and later attended\n Woodberry Forest School and the University of Virginia from\n 1928 to 1935. From 1935 to 1945 he was successively a\n reporter and an editorial assistant at the Richmond \n News Leader, a Rhodes Scholar\n at Oxford University (where he earned a M. A. degree\n awarded in 1943 in absentia), private secretary to the\n American ambassador to Spain, and an officer in the United\n States Navy during World War II.","He married Eda Louise Burke on May 2, 1942; after her\n death in 1944 he married Joan Cunningham on January 24,\n 1946. They had four children: Kathleen, Brigid, Nicholas,\n and Michael.","From 1946 to 1961 Williams was an assistant in the State\n Department and received his appointment as a foreign\n service officer; he was first secretary at the United\n States embassy in San Salvador and later, at Bucharest,\n Romania, assistant to the deputy undersecretary of state, a\n student at the National War College, consul general at\n Salonika, Greece, and a foreign service inspector. Murat\n Williams was also deputy director of the Office of Greek,\n Turkish, and Iranian Affairs at the State Department and\n counselor of the United States embassy, Tel Aviv,\n Israel.","In 1961 Williams was appointed ambassador to El Salvador\n by President John F. Kennedy and served in that capacity\n until 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was deputy coordinator for\n the Bureau of Intelligence and Research in Washington, D.\n C. Upon his departure from the State Department in 1950\n Williams became involved in national and Virginia\n Democratic politics. He was chairman for the Virginia State\n Committee for [Eugene] McCarthy for President in 1968 and\n was his party's candidate for Congress in Virginia's\n Seventh District in 1970 and 1972. During 1970s Murat\n Williams was president of the Virginia Center for the\n Creative Arts and chairman of the advisory board for the\n School of International Service at American University. He\n died in Charlottesville, Virginia, on March 31, 1994, age\n 79.","Ambassador Williams' papers, 1917-1987, 9,630 items\n (Boxes 6 to 27), consist chiefly of his personal\n correspondence and related materials from nearly every\n aspect of his life and career including his enrollment at\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia, his naval\n service, family correspondence, congressional campaigns,\n and miscellaneous political and diplomatic service papers.\n These are described and listed in four subseries below. His\n wife, Joan, is represented in the collection by\n correspondence and assorted materials dating from 1941-1979\n (boxes 18 to 19).","Subseries A: Correspondence This subseries, 1922-1987 (Boxes 6 to 20), consists of\n Ambassador Williams' private and professional\n correspondence with family, friends, and contemporaries\n from various places around the world. Prominent\n correspondents include Alexander Wilbourne Weddell, Chester\n Bowles, James O. Eastland, Ogden R. Reid, Edgar F. Shannon,\n Jr., Walt W. Rostow, John O. Marsh, Jr., John Kenneth\n Galbraith, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., William Spong, Charles\n S. Robb, McGeorge Bundy, J. Kenneth Robinson, Frank L.\n Hereford, Harry F. Byrd, Jr., Henry Howell, J. Harry\n Michael, Andrew P. Miller, Thomas S. Kleppe, William P.\n Bundy, Virginius Dabney, Hubert H. Humphrey, Hugh Sidney,\n and Claiborne Pell. Of supplementary interest in his\n general correspondence is a 1938 letter from Mrs. Kermit\n Roosevelt and an invitation to a White House dance from\n Eleanor Roosevelt [December 22, 1938]. Following the general correspondence are topical folders\n which contain letters pertaining Williams' education, his\n employment at the Richmond \n News Leader (mostly letters\n from Douglas Southall Freeman), his Oxford associations,\n and, various letters from El Salvador, Hungary, Romania,\n and Greece. Edward R. Stettinius, Virginius Dabney, Oren\n Root, Jr., and Alexander Wilbourne Weddell are the more\n prominent correspondents in this group. The ambassador's Oxford years (Box 16) are represented\n by three folders of letters to his parents, especially his\n mother, 1936-1939 (followed by three additional folders\n containing letters addressed to Williams at Oxford in Boxes\n 16 and 17) which discuss politics and life in Great\n Britain, Europe's sense of impending crisis prior to the\n outbreak of World War II, and the progress of his studies.\n Several 1938 letters comment on such incidents as efforts\n by German agents on behalf of an independent Ukraine\n [November 18] and social gatherings where King George VI,\n his Queen, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh were among\n the guests [May 22, 24 \u0026 29]. He was acquainted with\n Kathleen Kennedy, daughter of U. S. Ambassador Joseph P.\n Kennedy, and mentions events he attended with her or at\n which she and her father were present as guests of honor\n [May 22 \u0026 24, 1938; March 5 \u0026 May 21, 1939].\n Williams also discusses tobacco tax problems in Virginia\n [October 28, 1938]. There are several references to Lady Nancy Langhorne\n Astor (Viscountess Astor). Murat describes how Astor, while\n conducting a tour of \"Cliveden\" for he and his fellow\n Rhodes scholars, suddenly challenged them to a whistling\n contest [May 11, 1938] and his impressions of a speech by\n Winston Churchill in Parliament and Astor's behavior during\n the debates there [March 24, 1939]. These and other letters\n were mailed to the United States via several ships\n including the \n Queen Mary, Normandie, Paris,\n Chaplain, Ile de France, Aquitania, Duke of\n York, and \n Nieuw Amsterdam.","This subseries, 1922-1987 (Boxes 6 to 20), consists of\n Ambassador Williams' private and professional\n correspondence with family, friends, and contemporaries\n from various places around the world. Prominent\n correspondents include Alexander Wilbourne Weddell, Chester\n Bowles, James O. Eastland, Ogden R. Reid, Edgar F. Shannon,\n Jr., Walt W. Rostow, John O. Marsh, Jr., John Kenneth\n Galbraith, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., William Spong, Charles\n S. Robb, McGeorge Bundy, J. Kenneth Robinson, Frank L.\n Hereford, Harry F. Byrd, Jr., Henry Howell, J. Harry\n Michael, Andrew P. Miller, Thomas S. Kleppe, William P.\n Bundy, Virginius Dabney, Hubert H. Humphrey, Hugh Sidney,\n and Claiborne Pell. Of supplementary interest in his\n general correspondence is a 1938 letter from Mrs. Kermit\n Roosevelt and an invitation to a White House dance from\n Eleanor Roosevelt [December 22, 1938].","Following the general correspondence are topical folders\n which contain letters pertaining Williams' education, his\n employment at the Richmond \n News Leader (mostly letters\n from Douglas Southall Freeman), his Oxford associations,\n and, various letters from El Salvador, Hungary, Romania,\n and Greece. Edward R. Stettinius, Virginius Dabney, Oren\n Root, Jr., and Alexander Wilbourne Weddell are the more\n prominent correspondents in this group.","The ambassador's Oxford years (Box 16) are represented\n by three folders of letters to his parents, especially his\n mother, 1936-1939 (followed by three additional folders\n containing letters addressed to Williams at Oxford in Boxes\n 16 and 17) which discuss politics and life in Great\n Britain, Europe's sense of impending crisis prior to the\n outbreak of World War II, and the progress of his studies.\n Several 1938 letters comment on such incidents as efforts\n by German agents on behalf of an independent Ukraine\n [November 18] and social gatherings where King George VI,\n his Queen, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh were among\n the guests [May 22, 24 \u0026 29]. He was acquainted with\n Kathleen Kennedy, daughter of U. S. Ambassador Joseph P.\n Kennedy, and mentions events he attended with her or at\n which she and her father were present as guests of honor\n [May 22 \u0026 24, 1938; March 5 \u0026 May 21, 1939].\n Williams also discusses tobacco tax problems in Virginia\n [October 28, 1938].","There are several references to Lady Nancy Langhorne\n Astor (Viscountess Astor). Murat describes how Astor, while\n conducting a tour of \"Cliveden\" for he and his fellow\n Rhodes scholars, suddenly challenged them to a whistling\n contest [May 11, 1938] and his impressions of a speech by\n Winston Churchill in Parliament and Astor's behavior during\n the debates there [March 24, 1939]. These and other letters\n were mailed to the United States via several ships\n including the \n Queen Mary, Normandie, Paris,\n Chaplain, Ile de France, Aquitania, Duke of\n York, and \n Nieuw Amsterdam.","Subseries B: Foreign Service In this subseries (Boxes 20 to 21) are various papers,\n 1944-1981, pertaining to Ambassador Williams' affiliations\n with the State Department and other foreign service groups.\n Also present are folders containing newsclippings,\n photographs, speeches, and articles on El Salvador. The\n folders are organized chronologically.","In this subseries (Boxes 20 to 21) are various papers,\n 1944-1981, pertaining to Ambassador Williams' affiliations\n with the State Department and other foreign service groups.\n Also present are folders containing newsclippings,\n photographs, speeches, and articles on El Salvador. The\n folders are organized chronologically.","Subseries C: Political Papers Murat Williams' political interests, 1965-1972 (Boxes 21\n to 25) are reflected in this subseries. Present are\n letters, scrapbooks, photographs, and press releases\n regarding this congressional campaigns, Virginians for\n McCarthy, and other related material. Most of the\n correspondents are Virginia and national politicians: Henry\n Howell, Paul H. Douglas, George C. Rawlings, William C.\n Battle, Francis Pickens Miller, Armistead L. Boothe, Eugene\n J. McCarthy, William B. Spong, Thomas J. Michie, Jr.,\n George J. Kostel, George S. Aldhizer II, Hale Boggs, and J.\n Kenneth Robinson. Of particular interest is the\n \"Congressional Campaign-- Miscellaneous Correspondence\"\n folder which includes letters of endorsement on behalf of\n Murat Williams' 1972 congressional campaign from Wilbur D.\n Mills (October 17, 1972), Hubert H. Humphrey (October 17\n \u0026 27, 1972), and Henry Howell (October 27, 1972).\n Several letters from these and other political figures may\n also be found in Subseries A during the period of the\n 1970s.","Murat Williams' political interests, 1965-1972 (Boxes 21\n to 25) are reflected in this subseries. Present are\n letters, scrapbooks, photographs, and press releases\n regarding this congressional campaigns, Virginians for\n McCarthy, and other related material. Most of the\n correspondents are Virginia and national politicians: Henry\n Howell, Paul H. Douglas, George C. Rawlings, William C.\n Battle, Francis Pickens Miller, Armistead L. Boothe, Eugene\n J. McCarthy, William B. Spong, Thomas J. Michie, Jr.,\n George J. Kostel, George S. Aldhizer II, Hale Boggs, and J.\n Kenneth Robinson. Of particular interest is the\n \"Congressional Campaign-- Miscellaneous Correspondence\"\n folder which includes letters of endorsement on behalf of\n Murat Williams' 1972 congressional campaign from Wilbur D.\n Mills (October 17, 1972), Hubert H. Humphrey (October 17\n \u0026 27, 1972), and Henry Howell (October 27, 1972).\n Several letters from these and other political figures may\n also be found in Subseries A during the period of the\n 1970s.","Subseries D: Miscellaneous Files These folders (Boxes 25 to 27) include genealogical\n material, military service papers, newspaper clippings,\n photographs, schools papers and grade reports and speeches\n and writings, 1901-1987. Among these are Williams' birth\n certificate, marriage license, military identification\n cards, correspondence and items regarding the publication\n of Francis Pickens Miller's autobiography, \n Man From The Valley: Memoirs of a\n 20th Century Virginian, a photograph of Murat\n Williams at age three, and an oral history interview of the\n ambassador which was conducted by Columbia University. Oversize material, 1931-1970, in the form of diplomas,\n certificates, and a photographic copy of a Fred Seibel\n cartoon, \"Winds of Change (July 7, 1966),\" inscribed for\n Murat Williams, are listed as items 21 to 31 in the\n oversize list at the end of this guide.","These folders (Boxes 25 to 27) include genealogical\n material, military service papers, newspaper clippings,\n photographs, schools papers and grade reports and speeches\n and writings, 1901-1987. Among these are Williams' birth\n certificate, marriage license, military identification\n cards, correspondence and items regarding the publication\n of Francis Pickens Miller's autobiography, \n Man From The Valley: Memoirs of a\n 20th Century Virginian, a photograph of Murat\n Williams at age three, and an oral history interview of the\n ambassador which was conducted by Columbia University.","Oversize material, 1931-1970, in the form of diplomas,\n certificates, and a photographic copy of a Fred Seibel\n cartoon, \"Winds of Change (July 7, 1966),\" inscribed for\n Murat Williams, are listed as items 21 to 31 in the\n oversize list at the end of this guide."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":157,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:22:34.329Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Williams Family Papers consists of ca. 12,030 items (27\n Hollinger boxes, and one oversize folder, ca. 9.7 linear shelf\n feet), 1798 (1802-1972)1987, correspondence, financial and\n legal papers, photographs, newsclippings, genealogical\n material, miscellaneous writings and related materials chiefly\n concerning the Williams family of Orange County and other\n Virginia locales, especially Lewis Catlett Williams, a\n Richmond lawyer and his son, Murat Willis Williams, United\n States ambassador to El Salvador. Topics of interest include:\n the War of 1812, slaves and slavery, the Civil War, the\n University of Virginia, Orange County, Virginia, life in El\n Salvador, Greece, Romania and other countries, Latin America,\n American foreign policy, Virginia and Democratic party\n politics, other contemporary events and family matters.\n Several of the Williamses are represented in this\n accumulation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eSeries I: Williams Family\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThis series consists of 1200 items, 1798-1980 (Boxes 1\n to 4). William Clayton Williams (1768-1817) was at one time\n a lawyer in Woodstock, Virginia and deputy clerk of\n Shenandoah County. (His brother, Major John Williams, was\n the clerk.) He moved to Richmond from Fredericksburg in\n 1808 and was married to Alice Grymes Burwell (?--1847), a\n daughter of Lewis and Judith Page Burwell. His children\n were Lewis Burwell and Lucy Page. Williams served as a\n member of a Richmond vigilance committee headed by John\n Marshall for the defense of the city against a possible\n British invasion in 1813. He and his wife were buried at\n Culpeper. His papers, 1798-1816, consist mostly of letters\n and a few financial and legal papers. An April 23, 1805\n letter briefly discusses mortgaging slaves; a June 28, 1807\n letter mentions in passing Aaron Burr's treason trial in\n which Williams was associated in a peripheral role.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLewis Burwell Williams (1802-1880) was a member of the\n Virginia House of Delegates in 1830 and was Commonwealth's\n Attorney in Orange County for forty-seven years. He was\n admitted to Princeton University as a sophomore on November\n 9, 1815 and joined the Whig Society that same year. On\n January 14, 1817 his father requested that he be removed\n from the school but on January 21 he was expelled for\n participating in a riot. \n \u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e1\u003c/emph\u003eHe was married to Mary Catlett\n Williams and resided at the family home, \"Yatton.\" His\n papers, 1833-1880, are chiefly financial and legal in\n nature. Items of interest among his papers include\n testimony circumstances surrounding the death of William F.\n Mitchell in 1878, ordinances of the corporation of Orange\n [1840s], and his bankbook account with the First National\n Bank of Alexandria, 1871-1879.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJohn Green Williams (1843-1911) was the son of Lewis\n Burwell and Mary Catlett Williams. While a student at the\n College of William and Mary he joined the Confederate Army\n and was attached to the staff of General Jubal Early as a\n courier. He earned a law degree in 1870 and was Orange\n County clerk from 1869 to 1871. In 1880 he succeeded his\n father as Commonwealth's Attorney for that county and\n served for twenty-four years. He was married to Catherine\n Murat Willis (1848-1917). Papers concerning the\n presentation of his portrait to Orange County in 1953 are\n the only items regarding him in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJohn Langbourne Williams (1831-1915) was a Richmond\n banker. He was the son of John and Sianna Armistead\n (Dandridge) Williams. He earned an A. M. degree from the\n University of Virginia in 1851 and a D.Litt. degree from\n Washington and Lee University in 1908. He married Maria\n Ward Skelton on October 13, 1864 and during the Civil War\n was a member of Lancaster \u0026amp; Company, Confederate\n financial agents. After the conclusion of the war he\n established John L. Williams and Sons; the firm assisted in\n the refunding of South Carolina's debt. Associated with the\n founding and reorganization of various railroads, Williams\n was also president of the Richmond Male Orphan Society,\n Memorial Hospital, the Southern Churchman Company, and\n treasurer of the Virginia Negro Reformatory. His papers,\n 1880 \u0026amp; 1886-1915, include correspondence, select\n printed versions of his speeches and articles, calling\n cards, a lock of his(?) hair, and an obituary\n publication.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMaria Ward Skelton Williams (1843-1929), wife of John\n Langbourne Williams, is represented by her correspondence\n with family members and acquaintances, 1847-1925. Of\n particular interest among these is an 1850 letter written\n by her at age eight from a Mr. Berkeley's school in Amelia\n or Powhatan County discussing her activities, and\n typescript copies of letters, 1854, 1861 \u0026amp; 1863, from\n her cousin, noted author John Esten Cooke (1830-1886),\n while he was a soldier in the Confederate Army stationed in\n Amelia County and the town of Leesburg. Cooke describes\n camp life and his daily activities and mentions several\n mutual friends. Present in a separate folder are letters to\n her from her brother, E. W. Skelton, 1906 \u0026amp; 1914,\n 1916-1917. Skelton was a San Francisco real estate agent\n and his July 4, 1906 letter discusses the earthquake of\n April 18 and its aftermath.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJohn Langbourne and Maria Ward Skelton Williams were the\n parents of John Skelton, Edmund Randolph, Langbourne Meade,\n Cyane Dandridge Williams (wife of Eli Lockert Bemiss),\n Charlotte Randolph Williams, Robert Lancaster Williams,\n Ennion Gifford Williams, William Berkeley Williams, and\n Maria Ward Skelton Williams (wife of Lewis Catlett\n Williams).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJohn Skelton Williams (1865-1926) was born in Powhatan\n County. He was educated at the University of Virginia.\n After a career as a financier and a publicist he was\n appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury by President\n Woodrow Wilson in 1913. In January 1914, he was appointed\n Comptroller of the Currency and served until his\n resignation in 1921, His papers, 1905, 1907 \u0026amp;\n 1913-1926, consists of correspondence, speeches, articles,\n and addresses, and miscellaneous items pertaining to his\n life and career.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEdmund Randolph Williams (1871-1952) was a partner in\n the Richmond, Virginia law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026amp; Moore. He received a LL.B. degree from\n the University of Virginia in 1893. He was associated with\n various organizations including the Virginia Museum of Fine\n Arts, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Virginia\n Electric and Power Company. His papers, 1950, 1952 \u0026amp;\n 1973, embody genealogical materials regarding the Randolph\n family.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLangbourne Meade Williams (1872-1931) was born in\n Richmond. He attended the University of Virginia and the\n University of Pennsylvania where he studied finance and\n economics. He later became associated with his father's\n bank, John L. Williams and Sons. The few papers present in\n this collection regarding him, 1930-1931, contain an\n obituary announcement about his life, a letter addressed to\n him, and a legal document concerning a lawsuit which\n included him among the plaintiffs.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWilliam C. Williams (1859-1937) was born in Orange\n County (he was not related to the John L. Williams family\n but was a member of the Orange County Williams family to\n which Lewis Catlett Williams belonged) and graduated from\n the University of Virginia in 1878; he was admitted to the\n Orange bar in 1881. William was elected to the County\n Committee in 1880 and served for forty-five years; he also\n served as commissioner in chancery of the county circuit\n court and as superintendent of the county school\n (1885-1904). He married Evelyn Johnson in 1882 and they had\n five children: William Clayton, Jr. [1884--1945; later a\n resident of Detroit, Michigan, and vice-president of\n General Motors' Chevrolet Division during the 1930s and\n 1940s], Mary Isabel, Evelyn, and Josephine Johnson. He died\n on April 22, 1937, at his \"Berry Hill\" home near Orange. \n \u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e2\u003c/emph\u003eIn this collection he is\n represented by a brief 1936 letter to him from Lewis\n Catlett Williams and a 1980 newsclipping bearing\n information about a Richmond home owned by William Clayton\n Williams (1768-1817).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e1\u003c/emph\u003eMarye Pochyla, Office of the\n Secretary, Princeton University, to Mr. Lewis C. Williams,\n Williams, Mullen, Pollard \u0026amp; Rogers, Richmond, Virginia,\n December 10, 1951. The Special Collections Department is\n indebted to Ambassador Williams and his brother, John Page\n Williams, for providing a copy of this letter and other\n genealogical and biographical information on members of\n their family. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e2\u003c/emph\u003eInformation on William C.\n Williams and Williams C. Williams, Jr., was graciously\n provided by Mrs. Evelyn Williams Turnbull, administrator of\n the University of Virginia's Rotunda and daughter of\n William Clayton, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of 1200 items, 1798-1980 (Boxes 1\n to 4). William Clayton Williams (1768-1817) was at one time\n a lawyer in Woodstock, Virginia and deputy clerk of\n Shenandoah County. (His brother, Major John Williams, was\n the clerk.) He moved to Richmond from Fredericksburg in\n 1808 and was married to Alice Grymes Burwell (?--1847), a\n daughter of Lewis and Judith Page Burwell. His children\n were Lewis Burwell and Lucy Page. Williams served as a\n member of a Richmond vigilance committee headed by John\n Marshall for the defense of the city against a possible\n British invasion in 1813. He and his wife were buried at\n Culpeper. His papers, 1798-1816, consist mostly of letters\n and a few financial and legal papers. An April 23, 1805\n letter briefly discusses mortgaging slaves; a June 28, 1807\n letter mentions in passing Aaron Burr's treason trial in\n which Williams was associated in a peripheral role.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLewis Burwell Williams (1802-1880) was a member of the\n Virginia House of Delegates in 1830 and was Commonwealth's\n Attorney in Orange County for forty-seven years. He was\n admitted to Princeton University as a sophomore on November\n 9, 1815 and joined the Whig Society that same year. On\n January 14, 1817 his father requested that he be removed\n from the school but on January 21 he was expelled for\n participating in a riot. \n \u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e1\u003c/emph\u003eHe was married to Mary Catlett\n Williams and resided at the family home, \"Yatton.\" His\n papers, 1833-1880, are chiefly financial and legal in\n nature. Items of interest among his papers include\n testimony circumstances surrounding the death of William F.\n Mitchell in 1878, ordinances of the corporation of Orange\n [1840s], and his bankbook account with the First National\n Bank of Alexandria, 1871-1879.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Green Williams (1843-1911) was the son of Lewis\n Burwell and Mary Catlett Williams. While a student at the\n College of William and Mary he joined the Confederate Army\n and was attached to the staff of General Jubal Early as a\n courier. He earned a law degree in 1870 and was Orange\n County clerk from 1869 to 1871. In 1880 he succeeded his\n father as Commonwealth's Attorney for that county and\n served for twenty-four years. He was married to Catherine\n Murat Willis (1848-1917). Papers concerning the\n presentation of his portrait to Orange County in 1953 are\n the only items regarding him in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Langbourne Williams (1831-1915) was a Richmond\n banker. He was the son of John and Sianna Armistead\n (Dandridge) Williams. He earned an A. M. degree from the\n University of Virginia in 1851 and a D.Litt. degree from\n Washington and Lee University in 1908. He married Maria\n Ward Skelton on October 13, 1864 and during the Civil War\n was a member of Lancaster \u0026amp; Company, Confederate\n financial agents. After the conclusion of the war he\n established John L. Williams and Sons; the firm assisted in\n the refunding of South Carolina's debt. Associated with the\n founding and reorganization of various railroads, Williams\n was also president of the Richmond Male Orphan Society,\n Memorial Hospital, the Southern Churchman Company, and\n treasurer of the Virginia Negro Reformatory. His papers,\n 1880 \u0026amp; 1886-1915, include correspondence, select\n printed versions of his speeches and articles, calling\n cards, a lock of his(?) hair, and an obituary\n publication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaria Ward Skelton Williams (1843-1929), wife of John\n Langbourne Williams, is represented by her correspondence\n with family members and acquaintances, 1847-1925. Of\n particular interest among these is an 1850 letter written\n by her at age eight from a Mr. Berkeley's school in Amelia\n or Powhatan County discussing her activities, and\n typescript copies of letters, 1854, 1861 \u0026amp; 1863, from\n her cousin, noted author John Esten Cooke (1830-1886),\n while he was a soldier in the Confederate Army stationed in\n Amelia County and the town of Leesburg. Cooke describes\n camp life and his daily activities and mentions several\n mutual friends. Present in a separate folder are letters to\n her from her brother, E. W. Skelton, 1906 \u0026amp; 1914,\n 1916-1917. Skelton was a San Francisco real estate agent\n and his July 4, 1906 letter discusses the earthquake of\n April 18 and its aftermath.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Langbourne and Maria Ward Skelton Williams were the\n parents of John Skelton, Edmund Randolph, Langbourne Meade,\n Cyane Dandridge Williams (wife of Eli Lockert Bemiss),\n Charlotte Randolph Williams, Robert Lancaster Williams,\n Ennion Gifford Williams, William Berkeley Williams, and\n Maria Ward Skelton Williams (wife of Lewis Catlett\n Williams).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Skelton Williams (1865-1926) was born in Powhatan\n County. He was educated at the University of Virginia.\n After a career as a financier and a publicist he was\n appointed Assistant Secretary of the Treasury by President\n Woodrow Wilson in 1913. In January 1914, he was appointed\n Comptroller of the Currency and served until his\n resignation in 1921, His papers, 1905, 1907 \u0026amp;\n 1913-1926, consists of correspondence, speeches, articles,\n and addresses, and miscellaneous items pertaining to his\n life and career.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdmund Randolph Williams (1871-1952) was a partner in\n the Richmond, Virginia law firm of Hunton, Williams,\n Anderson, Gay \u0026amp; Moore. He received a LL.B. degree from\n the University of Virginia in 1893. He was associated with\n various organizations including the Virginia Museum of Fine\n Arts, the Virginia Historical Society, and the Virginia\n Electric and Power Company. His papers, 1950, 1952 \u0026amp;\n 1973, embody genealogical materials regarding the Randolph\n family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLangbourne Meade Williams (1872-1931) was born in\n Richmond. He attended the University of Virginia and the\n University of Pennsylvania where he studied finance and\n economics. He later became associated with his father's\n bank, John L. Williams and Sons. The few papers present in\n this collection regarding him, 1930-1931, contain an\n obituary announcement about his life, a letter addressed to\n him, and a legal document concerning a lawsuit which\n included him among the plaintiffs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliam C. Williams (1859-1937) was born in Orange\n County (he was not related to the John L. Williams family\n but was a member of the Orange County Williams family to\n which Lewis Catlett Williams belonged) and graduated from\n the University of Virginia in 1878; he was admitted to the\n Orange bar in 1881. William was elected to the County\n Committee in 1880 and served for forty-five years; he also\n served as commissioner in chancery of the county circuit\n court and as superintendent of the county school\n (1885-1904). He married Evelyn Johnson in 1882 and they had\n five children: William Clayton, Jr. [1884--1945; later a\n resident of Detroit, Michigan, and vice-president of\n General Motors' Chevrolet Division during the 1930s and\n 1940s], Mary Isabel, Evelyn, and Josephine Johnson. He died\n on April 22, 1937, at his \"Berry Hill\" home near Orange. \n \u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e2\u003c/emph\u003eIn this collection he is\n represented by a brief 1936 letter to him from Lewis\n Catlett Williams and a 1980 newsclipping bearing\n information about a Richmond home owned by William Clayton\n Williams (1768-1817).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e1\u003c/emph\u003eMarye Pochyla, Office of the\n Secretary, Princeton University, to Mr. Lewis C. Williams,\n Williams, Mullen, Pollard \u0026amp; Rogers, Richmond, Virginia,\n December 10, 1951. The Special Collections Department is\n indebted to Ambassador Williams and his brother, John Page\n Williams, for providing a copy of this letter and other\n genealogical and biographical information on members of\n their family. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"super\"\u003e2\u003c/emph\u003eInformation on William C.\n Williams and Williams C. Williams, Jr., was graciously\n provided by Mrs. Evelyn Williams Turnbull, administrator of\n the University of Virginia's Rotunda and daughter of\n William Clayton, Jr.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eSeries II: Lewis Catlett Williams Papers\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLewis Catlett Williams (1875-1959), a Richmond lawyer\n and community leader, was the son of John Green Williams,\n Commonwealth's Attorney for Orange County, and was born at\n the family estate of \"Wood Park\" in that county. After\n receiving instruction at private schools he attended\n Woodberry Forest High School from 1889 to 1893. Williams\n earned B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of\n Virginia and studied law there from 1896 to 1898, became an\n honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa, and managed the\n University's football team. After being admitted to the New\n York bar in 1899 he was employed by the law firms of Wilmer\n \u0026amp; Canfield, and later, Bowers and Sands. He moved to\n Richmond in 1900 and passed a special bar examination which\n had been authorized for him by the General Assembly. He\n then was employed in the offices of Munford, Hunton,\n Williams and Anderson but in 1905 formed a partnership with\n A. Caperton Braxton; four years later he formed another\n partnership which led to the creation of the firm of\n Williams, Mullen and Hazelgrove (later Williams, Mullen\n \u0026amp; Pollard and Rogers).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWilliams married Maria Ward Skelton Williams (of another\n Williams family), the daughter of John L. Williams, in\n 1902. They had nine children: Maria, Lewis Catlett, Jr.\n (who died at age three), Fielding Lewis (who practiced law\n with his father), the Reverend Peyton Randolph, the\n Reverend John Page (a Rhodes Scholar), Cyane Dandridge,\n Murat Willis (Ambassador to El Salvador), Dr. Armistead\n Dandridge, and Richard Burwell.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrom 1922 to 1946 he was a member of the Board of\n Visitors of the University of Virginia and from 1921 to\n 1950 he was also a trustee of Woodberry Forest High\n School.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWilliams organized the Automobile Club of Virginia in\n 1921 and served as its president for twenty-three years. He\n was a founder and president (1938-1939) of the Virginia\n State Bar Association. He instituted a successful campaign\n in 1933 that culminated with the establishment of a\n city-manager form of government for Henrico County. He was\n also a trustee of the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation and\n of the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Foundation. He died in\n Richmond, Virginia, on November 3, 1959.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHis papers, 1891-1957, 1200 items (Boxes 4 to 6),\n include correspondence, articles and speeches, school\n papers (including his certificates and diplomas from\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia),\n reminiscences entitled \"My First Seventy-nine Years In The\n United States,\" photographs, newsclippings of his editorial\n letters, publications (chiefly published in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times- Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e),\n and miscellaneous related items. Douglas S. Freeman (1939),\n Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (1942 \u0026amp; 1951), and Williams's son\n Murat are among his correspondents. Most of his\n correspondence chronicles family, civic, and professional\n activities. The subjects of his orations include automobile\n safety, tobacco taxation, workman's compensation, the law,\n ethics, the University of Virginia, and other themes. The\n folders are arranged alphabetically. Oversize material in\n the form of certificates and diplomas, 1892-1897 \u0026amp;\n 1922, are items 1 to 20 in a listing appended to this\n guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHis wife, Maria, is represented by correspondence dating\n from 1918 to 1960. There are also letters of condolence to\n her pertaining to the death of her husband, school papers\n in the form of class reports on historical topics, and a\n typescript of an article from \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFirst Families: A Magazine of Real\n Society\u003c/title\u003ewhich describes her 1902 wedding\n ceremony.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLewis Catlett Williams (1875-1959), a Richmond lawyer\n and community leader, was the son of John Green Williams,\n Commonwealth's Attorney for Orange County, and was born at\n the family estate of \"Wood Park\" in that county. After\n receiving instruction at private schools he attended\n Woodberry Forest High School from 1889 to 1893. Williams\n earned B.A. and M.A. degrees from the University of\n Virginia and studied law there from 1896 to 1898, became an\n honorary member of Phi Beta Kappa, and managed the\n University's football team. After being admitted to the New\n York bar in 1899 he was employed by the law firms of Wilmer\n \u0026amp; Canfield, and later, Bowers and Sands. He moved to\n Richmond in 1900 and passed a special bar examination which\n had been authorized for him by the General Assembly. He\n then was employed in the offices of Munford, Hunton,\n Williams and Anderson but in 1905 formed a partnership with\n A. Caperton Braxton; four years later he formed another\n partnership which led to the creation of the firm of\n Williams, Mullen and Hazelgrove (later Williams, Mullen\n \u0026amp; Pollard and Rogers).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliams married Maria Ward Skelton Williams (of another\n Williams family), the daughter of John L. Williams, in\n 1902. They had nine children: Maria, Lewis Catlett, Jr.\n (who died at age three), Fielding Lewis (who practiced law\n with his father), the Reverend Peyton Randolph, the\n Reverend John Page (a Rhodes Scholar), Cyane Dandridge,\n Murat Willis (Ambassador to El Salvador), Dr. Armistead\n Dandridge, and Richard Burwell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1922 to 1946 he was a member of the Board of\n Visitors of the University of Virginia and from 1921 to\n 1950 he was also a trustee of Woodberry Forest High\n School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilliams organized the Automobile Club of Virginia in\n 1921 and served as its president for twenty-three years. He\n was a founder and president (1938-1939) of the Virginia\n State Bar Association. He instituted a successful campaign\n in 1933 that culminated with the establishment of a\n city-manager form of government for Henrico County. He was\n also a trustee of the Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation and\n of the Woodrow Wilson Birthplace Foundation. He died in\n Richmond, Virginia, on November 3, 1959.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis papers, 1891-1957, 1200 items (Boxes 4 to 6),\n include correspondence, articles and speeches, school\n papers (including his certificates and diplomas from\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia),\n reminiscences entitled \"My First Seventy-nine Years In The\n United States,\" photographs, newsclippings of his editorial\n letters, publications (chiefly published in the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond Times- Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e),\n and miscellaneous related items. Douglas S. Freeman (1939),\n Harry F. Byrd, Sr. (1942 \u0026amp; 1951), and Williams's son\n Murat are among his correspondents. Most of his\n correspondence chronicles family, civic, and professional\n activities. The subjects of his orations include automobile\n safety, tobacco taxation, workman's compensation, the law,\n ethics, the University of Virginia, and other themes. The\n folders are arranged alphabetically. Oversize material in\n the form of certificates and diplomas, 1892-1897 \u0026amp;\n 1922, are items 1 to 20 in a listing appended to this\n guide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis wife, Maria, is represented by correspondence dating\n from 1918 to 1960. There are also letters of condolence to\n her pertaining to the death of her husband, school papers\n in the form of class reports on historical topics, and a\n typescript of an article from \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFirst Families: A Magazine of Real\n Society\u003c/title\u003ewhich describes her 1902 wedding\n ceremony.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eSeries III: Murat Willis Williams Papers\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe majority of the collection pertains to Murat Willis\n Williams (1914-1994), son of Lewis Catlett Williams. He was\n born in Richmond on June 14, 1914 and later attended\n Woodberry Forest School and the University of Virginia from\n 1928 to 1935. From 1935 to 1945 he was successively a\n reporter and an editorial assistant at the Richmond \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNews Leader,\u003c/title\u003ea Rhodes Scholar\n at Oxford University (where he earned a M. A. degree\n awarded in 1943 in absentia), private secretary to the\n American ambassador to Spain, and an officer in the United\n States Navy during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHe married Eda Louise Burke on May 2, 1942; after her\n death in 1944 he married Joan Cunningham on January 24,\n 1946. They had four children: Kathleen, Brigid, Nicholas,\n and Michael.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrom 1946 to 1961 Williams was an assistant in the State\n Department and received his appointment as a foreign\n service officer; he was first secretary at the United\n States embassy in San Salvador and later, at Bucharest,\n Romania, assistant to the deputy undersecretary of state, a\n student at the National War College, consul general at\n Salonika, Greece, and a foreign service inspector. Murat\n Williams was also deputy director of the Office of Greek,\n Turkish, and Iranian Affairs at the State Department and\n counselor of the United States embassy, Tel Aviv,\n Israel.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn 1961 Williams was appointed ambassador to El Salvador\n by President John F. Kennedy and served in that capacity\n until 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was deputy coordinator for\n the Bureau of Intelligence and Research in Washington, D.\n C. Upon his departure from the State Department in 1950\n Williams became involved in national and Virginia\n Democratic politics. He was chairman for the Virginia State\n Committee for [Eugene] McCarthy for President in 1968 and\n was his party's candidate for Congress in Virginia's\n Seventh District in 1970 and 1972. During 1970s Murat\n Williams was president of the Virginia Center for the\n Creative Arts and chairman of the advisory board for the\n School of International Service at American University. He\n died in Charlottesville, Virginia, on March 31, 1994, age\n 79.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAmbassador Williams' papers, 1917-1987, 9,630 items\n (Boxes 6 to 27), consist chiefly of his personal\n correspondence and related materials from nearly every\n aspect of his life and career including his enrollment at\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia, his naval\n service, family correspondence, congressional campaigns,\n and miscellaneous political and diplomatic service papers.\n These are described and listed in four subseries below. His\n wife, Joan, is represented in the collection by\n correspondence and assorted materials dating from 1941-1979\n (boxes 18 to 19).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the collection pertains to Murat Willis\n Williams (1914-1994), son of Lewis Catlett Williams. He was\n born in Richmond on June 14, 1914 and later attended\n Woodberry Forest School and the University of Virginia from\n 1928 to 1935. From 1935 to 1945 he was successively a\n reporter and an editorial assistant at the Richmond \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNews Leader,\u003c/title\u003ea Rhodes Scholar\n at Oxford University (where he earned a M. A. degree\n awarded in 1943 in absentia), private secretary to the\n American ambassador to Spain, and an officer in the United\n States Navy during World War II.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe married Eda Louise Burke on May 2, 1942; after her\n death in 1944 he married Joan Cunningham on January 24,\n 1946. They had four children: Kathleen, Brigid, Nicholas,\n and Michael.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1946 to 1961 Williams was an assistant in the State\n Department and received his appointment as a foreign\n service officer; he was first secretary at the United\n States embassy in San Salvador and later, at Bucharest,\n Romania, assistant to the deputy undersecretary of state, a\n student at the National War College, consul general at\n Salonika, Greece, and a foreign service inspector. Murat\n Williams was also deputy director of the Office of Greek,\n Turkish, and Iranian Affairs at the State Department and\n counselor of the United States embassy, Tel Aviv,\n Israel.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1961 Williams was appointed ambassador to El Salvador\n by President John F. Kennedy and served in that capacity\n until 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was deputy coordinator for\n the Bureau of Intelligence and Research in Washington, D.\n C. Upon his departure from the State Department in 1950\n Williams became involved in national and Virginia\n Democratic politics. He was chairman for the Virginia State\n Committee for [Eugene] McCarthy for President in 1968 and\n was his party's candidate for Congress in Virginia's\n Seventh District in 1970 and 1972. During 1970s Murat\n Williams was president of the Virginia Center for the\n Creative Arts and chairman of the advisory board for the\n School of International Service at American University. He\n died in Charlottesville, Virginia, on March 31, 1994, age\n 79.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbassador Williams' papers, 1917-1987, 9,630 items\n (Boxes 6 to 27), consist chiefly of his personal\n correspondence and related materials from nearly every\n aspect of his life and career including his enrollment at\n Woodberry Forest and the University of Virginia, his naval\n service, family correspondence, congressional campaigns,\n and miscellaneous political and diplomatic service papers.\n These are described and listed in four subseries below. His\n wife, Joan, is represented in the collection by\n correspondence and assorted materials dating from 1941-1979\n (boxes 18 to 19).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eSubseries A: Correspondence\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThis subseries, 1922-1987 (Boxes 6 to 20), consists of\n Ambassador Williams' private and professional\n correspondence with family, friends, and contemporaries\n from various places around the world. Prominent\n correspondents include Alexander Wilbourne Weddell, Chester\n Bowles, James O. Eastland, Ogden R. Reid, Edgar F. Shannon,\n Jr., Walt W. Rostow, John O. Marsh, Jr., John Kenneth\n Galbraith, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., William Spong, Charles\n S. Robb, McGeorge Bundy, J. Kenneth Robinson, Frank L.\n Hereford, Harry F. Byrd, Jr., Henry Howell, J. Harry\n Michael, Andrew P. Miller, Thomas S. Kleppe, William P.\n Bundy, Virginius Dabney, Hubert H. Humphrey, Hugh Sidney,\n and Claiborne Pell. Of supplementary interest in his\n general correspondence is a 1938 letter from Mrs. Kermit\n Roosevelt and an invitation to a White House dance from\n Eleanor Roosevelt [December 22, 1938].\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFollowing the general correspondence are topical folders\n which contain letters pertaining Williams' education, his\n employment at the Richmond \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNews Leader\u003c/title\u003e(mostly letters\n from Douglas Southall Freeman), his Oxford associations,\n and, various letters from El Salvador, Hungary, Romania,\n and Greece. Edward R. Stettinius, Virginius Dabney, Oren\n Root, Jr., and Alexander Wilbourne Weddell are the more\n prominent correspondents in this group.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe ambassador's Oxford years (Box 16) are represented\n by three folders of letters to his parents, especially his\n mother, 1936-1939 (followed by three additional folders\n containing letters addressed to Williams at Oxford in Boxes\n 16 and 17) which discuss politics and life in Great\n Britain, Europe's sense of impending crisis prior to the\n outbreak of World War II, and the progress of his studies.\n Several 1938 letters comment on such incidents as efforts\n by German agents on behalf of an independent Ukraine\n [November 18] and social gatherings where King George VI,\n his Queen, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh were among\n the guests [May 22, 24 \u0026amp; 29]. He was acquainted with\n Kathleen Kennedy, daughter of U. S. Ambassador Joseph P.\n Kennedy, and mentions events he attended with her or at\n which she and her father were present as guests of honor\n [May 22 \u0026amp; 24, 1938; March 5 \u0026amp; May 21, 1939].\n Williams also discusses tobacco tax problems in Virginia\n [October 28, 1938].\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThere are several references to Lady Nancy Langhorne\n Astor (Viscountess Astor). Murat describes how Astor, while\n conducting a tour of \"Cliveden\" for he and his fellow\n Rhodes scholars, suddenly challenged them to a whistling\n contest [May 11, 1938] and his impressions of a speech by\n Winston Churchill in Parliament and Astor's behavior during\n the debates there [March 24, 1939]. These and other letters\n were mailed to the United States via several ships\n including the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eQueen Mary, Normandie, Paris,\n Chaplain, Ile de France, Aquitania, Duke of\n York,\u003c/title\u003eand \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNieuw Amsterdam.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries, 1922-1987 (Boxes 6 to 20), consists of\n Ambassador Williams' private and professional\n correspondence with family, friends, and contemporaries\n from various places around the world. Prominent\n correspondents include Alexander Wilbourne Weddell, Chester\n Bowles, James O. Eastland, Ogden R. Reid, Edgar F. Shannon,\n Jr., Walt W. Rostow, John O. Marsh, Jr., John Kenneth\n Galbraith, Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., William Spong, Charles\n S. Robb, McGeorge Bundy, J. Kenneth Robinson, Frank L.\n Hereford, Harry F. Byrd, Jr., Henry Howell, J. Harry\n Michael, Andrew P. Miller, Thomas S. Kleppe, William P.\n Bundy, Virginius Dabney, Hubert H. Humphrey, Hugh Sidney,\n and Claiborne Pell. Of supplementary interest in his\n general correspondence is a 1938 letter from Mrs. Kermit\n Roosevelt and an invitation to a White House dance from\n Eleanor Roosevelt [December 22, 1938].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the general correspondence are topical folders\n which contain letters pertaining Williams' education, his\n employment at the Richmond \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNews Leader\u003c/title\u003e(mostly letters\n from Douglas Southall Freeman), his Oxford associations,\n and, various letters from El Salvador, Hungary, Romania,\n and Greece. Edward R. Stettinius, Virginius Dabney, Oren\n Root, Jr., and Alexander Wilbourne Weddell are the more\n prominent correspondents in this group.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe ambassador's Oxford years (Box 16) are represented\n by three folders of letters to his parents, especially his\n mother, 1936-1939 (followed by three additional folders\n containing letters addressed to Williams at Oxford in Boxes\n 16 and 17) which discuss politics and life in Great\n Britain, Europe's sense of impending crisis prior to the\n outbreak of World War II, and the progress of his studies.\n Several 1938 letters comment on such incidents as efforts\n by German agents on behalf of an independent Ukraine\n [November 18] and social gatherings where King George VI,\n his Queen, and Mr. and Mrs. Charles A. Lindbergh were among\n the guests [May 22, 24 \u0026amp; 29]. He was acquainted with\n Kathleen Kennedy, daughter of U. S. Ambassador Joseph P.\n Kennedy, and mentions events he attended with her or at\n which she and her father were present as guests of honor\n [May 22 \u0026amp; 24, 1938; March 5 \u0026amp; May 21, 1939].\n Williams also discusses tobacco tax problems in Virginia\n [October 28, 1938].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are several references to Lady Nancy Langhorne\n Astor (Viscountess Astor). Murat describes how Astor, while\n conducting a tour of \"Cliveden\" for he and his fellow\n Rhodes scholars, suddenly challenged them to a whistling\n contest [May 11, 1938] and his impressions of a speech by\n Winston Churchill in Parliament and Astor's behavior during\n the debates there [March 24, 1939]. These and other letters\n were mailed to the United States via several ships\n including the \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eQueen Mary, Normandie, Paris,\n Chaplain, Ile de France, Aquitania, Duke of\n York,\u003c/title\u003eand \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eNieuw Amsterdam.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eSubseries B: Foreign Service\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn this subseries (Boxes 20 to 21) are various papers,\n 1944-1981, pertaining to Ambassador Williams' affiliations\n with the State Department and other foreign service groups.\n Also present are folders containing newsclippings,\n photographs, speeches, and articles on El Salvador. The\n folders are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn this subseries (Boxes 20 to 21) are various papers,\n 1944-1981, pertaining to Ambassador Williams' affiliations\n with the State Department and other foreign service groups.\n Also present are folders containing newsclippings,\n photographs, speeches, and articles on El Salvador. The\n folders are organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eSubseries C: Political Papers\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMurat Williams' political interests, 1965-1972 (Boxes 21\n to 25) are reflected in this subseries. Present are\n letters, scrapbooks, photographs, and press releases\n regarding this congressional campaigns, Virginians for\n McCarthy, and other related material. Most of the\n correspondents are Virginia and national politicians: Henry\n Howell, Paul H. Douglas, George C. Rawlings, William C.\n Battle, Francis Pickens Miller, Armistead L. Boothe, Eugene\n J. McCarthy, William B. Spong, Thomas J. Michie, Jr.,\n George J. Kostel, George S. Aldhizer II, Hale Boggs, and J.\n Kenneth Robinson. Of particular interest is the\n \"Congressional Campaign-- Miscellaneous Correspondence\"\n folder which includes letters of endorsement on behalf of\n Murat Williams' 1972 congressional campaign from Wilbur D.\n Mills (October 17, 1972), Hubert H. Humphrey (October 17\n \u0026amp; 27, 1972), and Henry Howell (October 27, 1972).\n Several letters from these and other political figures may\n also be found in Subseries A during the period of the\n 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMurat Williams' political interests, 1965-1972 (Boxes 21\n to 25) are reflected in this subseries. Present are\n letters, scrapbooks, photographs, and press releases\n regarding this congressional campaigns, Virginians for\n McCarthy, and other related material. Most of the\n correspondents are Virginia and national politicians: Henry\n Howell, Paul H. Douglas, George C. Rawlings, William C.\n Battle, Francis Pickens Miller, Armistead L. Boothe, Eugene\n J. McCarthy, William B. Spong, Thomas J. Michie, Jr.,\n George J. Kostel, George S. Aldhizer II, Hale Boggs, and J.\n Kenneth Robinson. Of particular interest is the\n \"Congressional Campaign-- Miscellaneous Correspondence\"\n folder which includes letters of endorsement on behalf of\n Murat Williams' 1972 congressional campaign from Wilbur D.\n Mills (October 17, 1972), Hubert H. Humphrey (October 17\n \u0026amp; 27, 1972), and Henry Howell (October 27, 1972).\n Several letters from these and other political figures may\n also be found in Subseries A during the period of the\n 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cscopecontent\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eSubseries D: Miscellaneous Files\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThese folders (Boxes 25 to 27) include genealogical\n material, military service papers, newspaper clippings,\n photographs, schools papers and grade reports and speeches\n and writings, 1901-1987. Among these are Williams' birth\n certificate, marriage license, military identification\n cards, correspondence and items regarding the publication\n of Francis Pickens Miller's autobiography, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMan From The Valley: Memoirs of a\n 20th Century Virginian,\u003c/title\u003ea photograph of Murat\n Williams at age three, and an oral history interview of the\n ambassador which was conducted by Columbia University.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOversize material, 1931-1970, in the form of diplomas,\n certificates, and a photographic copy of a Fred Seibel\n cartoon, \"Winds of Change (July 7, 1966),\" inscribed for\n Murat Williams, are listed as items 21 to 31 in the\n oversize list at the end of this guide.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/scopecontent\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese folders (Boxes 25 to 27) include genealogical\n material, military service papers, newspaper clippings,\n photographs, schools papers and grade reports and speeches\n and writings, 1901-1987. Among these are Williams' birth\n certificate, marriage license, military identification\n cards, correspondence and items regarding the publication\n of Francis Pickens Miller's autobiography, \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eMan From The Valley: Memoirs of a\n 20th Century Virginian,\u003c/title\u003ea photograph of Murat\n Williams at age three, and an oral history interview of the\n ambassador which was conducted by Columbia University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOversize material, 1931-1970, in the form of diplomas,\n certificates, and a photographic copy of a Fred Seibel\n cartoon, \"Winds of Change (July 7, 1966),\" inscribed for\n Murat Williams, are listed as items 21 to 31 in the\n oversize list at the end of this guide.\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01738_c05_c07"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01","parent_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers","Series 1: Original Work"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers","Series 1: Original Work"],"text":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers","Series 1: Original Work","1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject"],"title_filing_ssi":"1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject","title_ssm":["1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject"],"title_tesim":["1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1980"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/1980"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":56,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is opern for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:33:44.920Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_655","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_655.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Larsen, Carl E. \"Chick\", papers","title_ssm":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"title_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-1989, undated","1960-1980"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1960-1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1989, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M.417","/repositories/5/resources/655"],"text":["M.417","/repositories/5/resources/655","Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers","This collection is opern for research.","The collection is arranged into three series, Series 1: Original Work, Series 2: Correspondence and Personal Materials, and Series 3: Bound Publications.","Series 1: Original Work is subdivided into 5 subseries:\n1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject are undated final-draft editoral cartoons organized by primary subject. They are then arranged alphabetically in the finding aid for ease of discoverability. Physically they are arranged by subject and by size. Oversized materials are housed separately from smaller materials.\n1.2 Editorial Cartoons by Date are arranged chronologically.\n1.3 Editorial Cartoon Drafts are drafts of Larsen's editorial cartoons, filed alphabetically by subject.\n1.4 Other Original Work is cartoonist work from Larsen outside of his editorial cartoons, including RPI classwork, Carrier Toons, mock-ups, and sketches. They are arraned alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n1.5 Other Print Works are published copies of Larsen's original works, including book jackets and magazine covers, work for municipal governments, flyers, RPI publications, and newspaper clippings. They are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.","Series 2: Correpsondence and Personal Materials contains the correspondence of Chick Larsen, as well as a few family photographs. This series is arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","Series 3: Bound Publications contains bound materials such as conference programs, catalogs, and books. They are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen was born in Newport News, Virginia, on February 2 1923. He acquired the nickname \"Chicken,\" later shortened to \"Chick,\" after eating three whole chickens after a skating outing with friends when he was 18. During World War II he served as a water tender third class in the U.S. Navy on the USS Argon. He married Dorothy M. McCutcheon in May 1944 and worked as a machinist in Newport News after the war. The Larsens had three children Carl Daniel, Karen, and Barbara. In 1950, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia, where Chick enrolled in the Richmond Professional Institute (now Virginia Commonwealth University), graduating in 1954 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Commercial Art. ","Chick Larsen is best known for his editorial work, much of which appeared in the Richmond Times-Dispatch during his tenure at the newspaper, beginning as a staff artist in 1951. He was made an editorial cartoonist in 1968 and remained so until 1977 when he was appointed graphics presentation manager in the advertising department for Richmond Newspapers, Inc. His \"Carrier Toons\" strip was syndicated in Sunday newspapers from 1978 to 1986, and his work was featured on magazine ad book covers. He retired in 1988 and died in April 1991.","The collection primarily contains Larsen's editorial and other cartoon works from his time with the Richmond Times-Dispatch . This includes final copies as well as drafts and sketches of ideas. There are also newspaper copies of many of these works, particularly his \"Carrier Toons\" series. \nThe remainder of the collection is a small selection of correspondence, materials from his time as a student at Richmond Professional Institute, other professional work outside of his career as a cartoonist, and industry publications.","There are no restrictions","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M.417","/repositories/5/resources/655"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"creator_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"creators_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.76 Linear Feet and one oversize drawer."],"extent_tesim":["13.76 Linear Feet and one oversize drawer."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is opern for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is opern for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series, Series 1: Original Work, Series 2: Correspondence and Personal Materials, and Series 3: Bound Publications.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Original Work is subdivided into 5 subseries:\n1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject are undated final-draft editoral cartoons organized by primary subject. They are then arranged alphabetically in the finding aid for ease of discoverability. Physically they are arranged by subject and by size. Oversized materials are housed separately from smaller materials.\n1.2 Editorial Cartoons by Date are arranged chronologically.\n1.3 Editorial Cartoon Drafts are drafts of Larsen's editorial cartoons, filed alphabetically by subject.\n1.4 Other Original Work is cartoonist work from Larsen outside of his editorial cartoons, including RPI classwork, Carrier Toons, mock-ups, and sketches. They are arraned alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n1.5 Other Print Works are published copies of Larsen's original works, including book jackets and magazine covers, work for municipal governments, flyers, RPI publications, and newspaper clippings. They are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correpsondence and Personal Materials contains the correspondence of Chick Larsen, as well as a few family photographs. This series is arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Bound Publications contains bound materials such as conference programs, catalogs, and books. They are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series, Series 1: Original Work, Series 2: Correspondence and Personal Materials, and Series 3: Bound Publications.","Series 1: Original Work is subdivided into 5 subseries:\n1.1 Editorial Cartoons by Subject are undated final-draft editoral cartoons organized by primary subject. They are then arranged alphabetically in the finding aid for ease of discoverability. Physically they are arranged by subject and by size. Oversized materials are housed separately from smaller materials.\n1.2 Editorial Cartoons by Date are arranged chronologically.\n1.3 Editorial Cartoon Drafts are drafts of Larsen's editorial cartoons, filed alphabetically by subject.\n1.4 Other Original Work is cartoonist work from Larsen outside of his editorial cartoons, including RPI classwork, Carrier Toons, mock-ups, and sketches. They are arraned alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n1.5 Other Print Works are published copies of Larsen's original works, including book jackets and magazine covers, work for municipal governments, flyers, RPI publications, and newspaper clippings. They are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.","Series 2: Correpsondence and Personal Materials contains the correspondence of Chick Larsen, as well as a few family photographs. This series is arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","Series 3: Bound Publications contains bound materials such as conference programs, catalogs, and books. They are arranged alphabetically and then chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarl E. \"Chick\" Larsen was born in Newport News, Virginia, on February 2 1923. He acquired the nickname \"Chicken,\" later shortened to \"Chick,\" after eating three whole chickens after a skating outing with friends when he was 18. During World War II he served as a water tender third class in the U.S. Navy on the USS Argon. He married Dorothy M. McCutcheon in May 1944 and worked as a machinist in Newport News after the war. The Larsens had three children Carl Daniel, Karen, and Barbara. In 1950, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia, where Chick enrolled in the Richmond Professional Institute (now Virginia Commonwealth University), graduating in 1954 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Commercial Art. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eChick Larsen is best known for his editorial work, much of which appeared in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e during his tenure at the newspaper, beginning as a staff artist in 1951. He was made an editorial cartoonist in 1968 and remained so until 1977 when he was appointed graphics presentation manager in the advertising department for Richmond Newspapers, Inc. His \"Carrier Toons\" strip was syndicated in Sunday newspapers from 1978 to 1986, and his work was featured on magazine ad book covers. He retired in 1988 and died in April 1991.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen was born in Newport News, Virginia, on February 2 1923. He acquired the nickname \"Chicken,\" later shortened to \"Chick,\" after eating three whole chickens after a skating outing with friends when he was 18. During World War II he served as a water tender third class in the U.S. Navy on the USS Argon. He married Dorothy M. McCutcheon in May 1944 and worked as a machinist in Newport News after the war. The Larsens had three children Carl Daniel, Karen, and Barbara. In 1950, the family moved to Richmond, Virginia, where Chick enrolled in the Richmond Professional Institute (now Virginia Commonwealth University), graduating in 1954 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Commercial Art. ","Chick Larsen is best known for his editorial work, much of which appeared in the Richmond Times-Dispatch during his tenure at the newspaper, beginning as a staff artist in 1951. He was made an editorial cartoonist in 1968 and remained so until 1977 when he was appointed graphics presentation manager in the advertising department for Richmond Newspapers, Inc. His \"Carrier Toons\" strip was syndicated in Sunday newspapers from 1978 to 1986, and his work was featured on magazine ad book covers. He retired in 1988 and died in April 1991."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950-1989, Collection # M 417, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Carl E. \"Chick\" Larsen papers, 1950-1989, Collection # M 417, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily contains Larsen's editorial and other cartoon works from his time with the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e. This includes final copies as well as drafts and sketches of ideas. There are also newspaper copies of many of these works, particularly his \"Carrier Toons\" series. \nThe remainder of the collection is a small selection of correspondence, materials from his time as a student at Richmond Professional Institute, other professional work outside of his career as a cartoonist, and industry publications.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection primarily contains Larsen's editorial and other cartoon works from his time with the Richmond Times-Dispatch . This includes final copies as well as drafts and sketches of ideas. There are also newspaper copies of many of these works, particularly his \"Carrier Toons\" series. \nThe remainder of the collection is a small selection of correspondence, materials from his time as a student at Richmond Professional Institute, other professional work outside of his career as a cartoonist, and industry publications."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"names_coll_ssim":["Larsen, Barbara"],"persname_ssim":["Larsen, Carl Edgar\"Chick\" (1923 -1991)","Larsen, Barbara"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":199,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:33:44.920Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_655_c01_c01"}},{"id":"vira_across-the-way_c01_c01","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t2002-2016","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vira_across-the-way_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vira_across-the-way_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vira_across-the-way_c01_c01"],"id":"vira_across-the-way_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vira_across-the-way","_root_":"vira_across-the-way","_nest_parent_":"vira_across-the-way_c01","parent_ssi":"vira_across-the-way_c01","parent_ssim":["vira_across-the-way","vira_across-the-way_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vira_across-the-way","vira_across-the-way_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n2002-2016","1.Advertising/Promotional Material,\n2002-2016"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n2002-2016","1.Advertising/Promotional Material,\n2002-2016"],"text":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n2002-2016","1.Advertising/Promotional Material,\n2002-2016","1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t2002-2016","box"],"title_filing_ssi":"1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t 2002-2016\n\t","title_ssm":["1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t2002-2016"],"title_tesim":["1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t2002-2016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["1.1 Floyd Fest,\n\t2002-2016"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Radford University"],"collection_ssim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n2002-2016"],"extent_ssm":[""],"extent_tesim":[""],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":22,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2,"containers_ssim":["box"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:47:20.002Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vira_across-the-way","ead_ssi":"vira_across-the-way","_root_":"vira_across-the-way","_nest_parent_":"vira_across-the-way","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/ru/across-the-way.xml","title_ssm":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n2002-2016"],"title_tesim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n2002-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["AC 035\n"],"text":["AC 035\n","Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n2002-2016",".","Subject Terms\n Johnson, Erika Hodges,Kris Across the Way Productions, Inc. Floyd Fest Capital City Carnival and Microbew Fest Floyd Fandango Oddfella's Cantina The Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc. Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival Virginia Wine Festival Virginia, Floyd Virginia, Roanoke Virginia, Southwest-- Music Festival","Collection is open to research.\n","Further additions to the collection are expected.\n","The records are arranged in chronological order with the exception of the live discs, which are arranged alphabetically in their respective binders in six series, all of which have been further organized into subseries. The series and subseries arrangement is as follows:\n","Series 1: Advertising/Promotional Material \n 1.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016 1.2 Floyd Fandango, 2007-2016\n 1.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2007-2015 1.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015 1.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, 2016 1.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 1.7 The Phoenix, 2006 \nSeries 2: Graphic Design for Festivals 2.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016 2.2 Floyd Fandango, 2010-2016 2.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2006-2015 2.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015 2.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, Undated 2.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 2.7 Accomplishments and Accolades, 2005-2011 \nSeries 3: Organization of the Festival 3.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015 3.2 Floyd Fest Performers, 2004-2006 3.3 Floyd Fandango, Undated 3.4 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 3.5 Sponsorship Information, 2002-2004 \nSeries 4: Newspaper Articles 4.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015 \nSeries 5: Photographs and Multimedia 5.1 Assorted Photographs of Across the Way Productions Events, 2002-2014 5.2 Video Tapes, 2002-2003 5.3 Mini Discs, 2002 \nSeries 6: Live Discs 6.1 Commercial Collectors C.D's, 2002-2012 6.2 Miscellaneous C.D's, 2001-2012 6.3 Floyd Fest- July 26-29, 2007 6.4 Vintage Virginia, 2010 6.5 Fandango, 2010 6.6 Floyd Fest 8- July 23-26, 2009 6.7 Floyd Fest 7- July 24-27, 2008 6.8 Floyd Fest 9- July 22-25, 2010 6.9 Floyd Fest X- July 28- 31, 2011 6.10 Floyd Fest 11- July 26-29, 2012","Across the Way Productions, Inc. was founded in June 2000 by Kris Hodges in the town of Floyd, Virginia. His wife, Erika Johnson, was also opening her business, Oddfella's Cantina, simultaneously. The company was founded on the premise of bringing a world music festival to the town of Floyd, Virginia. The company sponsors events such as Floyd Fandango, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and much more. The company's most famous event is Floyd Fest, a music festival featuring artists from all over the globe, which takes place for 5 days each July. Oddfella's was sold in 2002 for funds to start Floyd Fest. Floyd Fandango is hosted near the fourth of July. Begun in 2009, it did not take place during the years 2012-2015, as the company needed time to make the festival more profitable. Floyd Fandango now draws crowds to the reimagined fest, which now includes outdoor sports and a farm to table dinner in addition to the staples of the festival- beer, cider, and wine tastings, workshops and performances by bands that also frequent Floyd Fest. The company expanded into Northern Virginia with its Capital Carnival and Microbrew Fest, the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Virginia Wine Festival in 2007. Since the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival had operated close to 3 decades, partnering with the event helped the company gain notoriety and establish themselves. In 2016, Across the Way Productions Inc. launched the Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, which featured Huey Lewis and The News, Blondie, and Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys' 50th Anniversary of the album \"Pet Sounds,\" that took place at Roanoke's Elmwood Park Amphitheater. Also in 2016, The Phoenix was started as a venue in Roanoke, Virginia. A nod to the battle of the bands format of the 80's and 90's, visitors to the Phoenix receive a token and votes for their favorite band at the end of the night. The winners of the battles go on to compete in Floyd Fests Annual On-The-Rise Artist Competition. The Phoenix battle of the bands competition was renewed for a second year and took place in 2017.\n","This collection features materials from Across the Way, Inc. located in Floyd, Virginia. It includes 5 linear inches of advertising material such as flyers, post cards, coasters and stickers for the events of Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix, which were all created by the company 1.5 linear feet of oversize advertising materials are present in this collection. 5 linear inches of graphic designs for the events are included encompassing access, parking and camping passes and bracelets, tickets and schedule of events pamphlets. Also included with graphic materials are accomplishments and accolades of the company and its events such as a proclamation from the city of Roanoke. 3 linear inches of organization of the events created by the company are present in this collection and include job descriptions of staff, logistical details, business plans and other reports of that nature, catering plans, maps of the festivals grounds, performer travel and performance organization and FAQ information. 1,090 pictures show mainly daily happenings at various Floyd Fests, but also showcase Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Wine Down the Music Trail Festival and a trip to Ghana to search out talent for Floyd Fest. 1.5 linear feet of oversize photographs are also included in this collection. 2 linear inches of newspaper articles and clippings are also available in this collection and deal exclusively with Floyd Fest. These newspaper articles and clippings document the years of 2002-2015. There is approximately 1 linear foot of multimedia items in this collection that comprise of videos, mini discs and C.D.'s. Videotapes record live shows and show an interview with Kris Hodges on Virginia Tonight. Mini discs hold recordings of live performances as well. The C.D's account for 5 linear feet of the multimedia series and are of live performances done during various Floyd Fests and feature bands such as Donna the Buffalo, Trampling Turtles and African Showboys. As well as commercial C.D's produced from various Floyd Fests and other miscellaneous C.D's originally intended for private use.\n","Photographs of various activities from Floyd Fest and Capital City Carnival Events are housed in a folder and packed inside the box horizontally. Subjects of these photographs include Floyd Fest Field Day held on 6/22/02, various photographs from Floyd Fests 2002-2014, Capital City Carnival performances, pictures of a trip to Ghana, and photographs of the Wine Down the Music Trail Wine Festival in 2005. Photographs in sleeves are from the 2002 Floyd Fest (photographer Russ Helgren) and the Wine Down the Music Trail Wine Festival held in 2005. Folders denoting an OS mean that folder has been moved to an oversize box.","This subseries holds C.D's intended for private use that includes live performances and a graphics archive disc, which was created by Radford University Special Collections in April of 2017.","An appointment for research is required. The collection is open to research. No interlibrary loan. Access restricted in reference to financial information of Across the Way Productions.\n","Across the Way Productions Inc. was founded in 2002 by Kris Hodges and Erika Johnson. The two wished to create a world music festival in Floyd, Virginia and thus Floyd Fest began in September of 2002. This collection features materials from the events Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix all created by Across the Way Productions, Inc. Materials include advertising/promotional items, graphic design elements, the organization and logistics of the events, newspaper clippings, photographs, videos, live discs and mini discs of the events.\n","Johnson, Erika","Hodges,Kris","Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Floyd Fest","Capital City Carnival and Microbew Fest","Floyd Fandango","Oddfella's Cantina","The Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series","Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival","Virginia Wine Festival","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["AC 035\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n2002-2016"],"collection_title_tesim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n2002-2016"],"collection_ssim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc., \n2002-2016"],"repository_ssm":["Radford University"],"repository_ssim":["Radford University"],"creator_ssm":["Across the Way Productions, Inc.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["."],"extent_ssm":["9.5 Linear feet, 1,090 photographs, 3 mini discs, 6 videotapes, 5 linear feet of C.D's"],"extent_tesim":["9.5 Linear feet, 1,090 photographs, 3 mini discs, 6 videotapes, 5 linear feet of C.D's"],"indexes_html_tesm":["\u003cindex\u003e\n\u003chead\u003eSubject Terms\n\u003c/head\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eJohnson, Erika\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eHodges,Kris\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eAcross the Way Productions, Inc.\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eFloyd Fest\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eCapital City Carnival and Microbew Fest\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eFloyd Fandango\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eOddfella's Cantina\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eThe Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc.\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eTotally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eVintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003cname\u003eVirginia Wine Festival\u003c/name\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003csubject\u003eVirginia, Floyd\u003c/subject\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003csubject\u003eVirginia, Roanoke\u003c/subject\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003cindexentry\u003e\n\u003csubject\u003eVirginia, Southwest-- Music Festival\u003c/subject\u003e\n\u003cref type=\"simple\"/\u003e\n\u003c/indexentry\u003e\n\u003c/index\u003e"],"indexes_tesim":["Subject Terms\n Johnson, Erika Hodges,Kris Across the Way Productions, Inc. Floyd Fest Capital City Carnival and Microbew Fest Floyd Fandango Oddfella's Cantina The Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc. Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival Virginia Wine Festival Virginia, Floyd Virginia, Roanoke Virginia, Southwest-- Music Festival"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research.\n"],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFurther additions to the collection are expected.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals\n"],"accruals_tesim":["Further additions to the collection are expected.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records are arranged in chronological order with the exception of the live discs, which are arranged alphabetically in their respective binders in six series, all of which have been further organized into subseries. The series and subseries arrangement is as follows:\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Advertising/Promotional Material \n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.2 Floyd Fandango, 2007-2016\n\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2007-2015\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, 2016\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e1.7 The Phoenix, 2006\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\nSeries 2: Graphic Design for Festivals\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n \n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.2 Floyd Fandango, 2010-2016\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2006-2015\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, Undated\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e2.7 Accomplishments and Accolades, 2005-2011 \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\nSeries 3: Organization of the Festival\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n \n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.2 Floyd Fest Performers, 2004-2006\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.3 Floyd Fandango, Undated\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.4 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e3.5 Sponsorship Information, 2002-2004\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\nSeries 4: Newspaper Articles \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n \n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e4.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015 \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\nSeries 5: Photographs and Multimedia \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n \n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.1 Assorted Photographs of Across the Way Productions Events, 2002-2014\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.2 Video Tapes, 2002-2003\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e5.3 Mini Discs, 2002\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\nSeries 6: Live Discs \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n \n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.1 Commercial Collectors C.D's, 2002-2012\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.2 Miscellaneous C.D's, 2001-2012\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.3 Floyd Fest- July 26-29, 2007\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.4 Vintage Virginia, 2010\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.5 Fandango, 2010 \u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.6 Floyd Fest 8- July 23-26, 2009\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.7 Floyd Fest 7- July 24-27, 2008\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.8 Floyd Fest 9- July 22-25, 2010\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.9 Floyd Fest X- July 28- 31, 2011\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e6.10 Floyd Fest 11- July 26-29, 2012\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["The records are arranged in chronological order with the exception of the live discs, which are arranged alphabetically in their respective binders in six series, all of which have been further organized into subseries. The series and subseries arrangement is as follows:\n","Series 1: Advertising/Promotional Material \n 1.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016 1.2 Floyd Fandango, 2007-2016\n 1.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2007-2015 1.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015 1.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, 2016 1.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 1.7 The Phoenix, 2006 \nSeries 2: Graphic Design for Festivals 2.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2016 2.2 Floyd Fandango, 2010-2016 2.3 Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival, 2006-2015 2.4 Virginia Wine Festival, 2009-2015 2.5 Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, Undated 2.6 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 2.7 Accomplishments and Accolades, 2005-2011 \nSeries 3: Organization of the Festival 3.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015 3.2 Floyd Fest Performers, 2004-2006 3.3 Floyd Fandango, Undated 3.4 Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, 2007 3.5 Sponsorship Information, 2002-2004 \nSeries 4: Newspaper Articles 4.1 Floyd Fest, 2002-2015 \nSeries 5: Photographs and Multimedia 5.1 Assorted Photographs of Across the Way Productions Events, 2002-2014 5.2 Video Tapes, 2002-2003 5.3 Mini Discs, 2002 \nSeries 6: Live Discs 6.1 Commercial Collectors C.D's, 2002-2012 6.2 Miscellaneous C.D's, 2001-2012 6.3 Floyd Fest- July 26-29, 2007 6.4 Vintage Virginia, 2010 6.5 Fandango, 2010 6.6 Floyd Fest 8- July 23-26, 2009 6.7 Floyd Fest 7- July 24-27, 2008 6.8 Floyd Fest 9- July 22-25, 2010 6.9 Floyd Fest X- July 28- 31, 2011 6.10 Floyd Fest 11- July 26-29, 2012"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAcross the Way Productions, Inc. was founded in June 2000 by Kris Hodges in the town of Floyd, Virginia. His wife, Erika Johnson, was also opening her business, Oddfella's Cantina, simultaneously. The company was founded on the premise of bringing a world music festival to the town of Floyd, Virginia. The company sponsors events such as Floyd Fandango, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and much more. The company's most famous event is Floyd Fest, a music festival featuring artists from all over the globe, which takes place for 5 days each July. Oddfella's was sold in 2002 for funds to start Floyd Fest. Floyd Fandango is hosted near the fourth of July. Begun in 2009, it did not take place during the years 2012-2015, as the company needed time to make the festival more profitable. Floyd Fandango now draws crowds to the reimagined fest, which now includes outdoor sports and a farm to table dinner in addition to the staples of the festival- beer, cider, and wine tastings, workshops and performances by bands that also frequent Floyd Fest. The company expanded into Northern Virginia with its Capital Carnival and Microbrew Fest, the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Virginia Wine Festival in 2007. Since the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival had operated close to 3 decades, partnering with the event helped the company gain notoriety and establish themselves. In 2016, Across the Way Productions Inc. launched the Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, which featured Huey Lewis and The News, Blondie, and Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys' 50th Anniversary of the album \"Pet Sounds,\" that took place at Roanoke's Elmwood Park Amphitheater. Also in 2016, The Phoenix was started as a venue in Roanoke, Virginia. A nod to the battle of the bands format of the 80's and 90's, visitors to the Phoenix receive a token and votes for their favorite band at the end of the night. The winners of the battles go on to compete in Floyd Fests Annual On-The-Rise Artist Competition. The Phoenix battle of the bands competition was renewed for a second year and took place in 2017.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information \n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Across the Way Productions, Inc. was founded in June 2000 by Kris Hodges in the town of Floyd, Virginia. His wife, Erika Johnson, was also opening her business, Oddfella's Cantina, simultaneously. The company was founded on the premise of bringing a world music festival to the town of Floyd, Virginia. The company sponsors events such as Floyd Fandango, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and much more. The company's most famous event is Floyd Fest, a music festival featuring artists from all over the globe, which takes place for 5 days each July. Oddfella's was sold in 2002 for funds to start Floyd Fest. Floyd Fandango is hosted near the fourth of July. Begun in 2009, it did not take place during the years 2012-2015, as the company needed time to make the festival more profitable. Floyd Fandango now draws crowds to the reimagined fest, which now includes outdoor sports and a farm to table dinner in addition to the staples of the festival- beer, cider, and wine tastings, workshops and performances by bands that also frequent Floyd Fest. The company expanded into Northern Virginia with its Capital Carnival and Microbrew Fest, the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Virginia Wine Festival in 2007. Since the Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival had operated close to 3 decades, partnering with the event helped the company gain notoriety and establish themselves. In 2016, Across the Way Productions Inc. launched the Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series, which featured Huey Lewis and The News, Blondie, and Brian Wilson of the Beach Boys' 50th Anniversary of the album \"Pet Sounds,\" that took place at Roanoke's Elmwood Park Amphitheater. Also in 2016, The Phoenix was started as a venue in Roanoke, Virginia. A nod to the battle of the bands format of the 80's and 90's, visitors to the Phoenix receive a token and votes for their favorite band at the end of the night. The winners of the battles go on to compete in Floyd Fests Annual On-The-Rise Artist Competition. The Phoenix battle of the bands competition was renewed for a second year and took place in 2017.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], Across the Way Productions Collection, Special Collections, McConnell Library, Radford University, Radford, Virginia. Across the Way Productions, Inc.,, Accession # AC 035, University Archives, McConnell Library, Radford University \u003c!-- Add your institution's citation information --\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], Across the Way Productions Collection, Special Collections, McConnell Library, Radford University, Radford, Virginia. Across the Way Productions, Inc.,, Accession # AC 035, University Archives, McConnell Library, Radford University "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection features materials from Across the Way, Inc. located in Floyd, Virginia. It includes 5 linear inches of advertising material such as flyers, post cards, coasters and stickers for the events of Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix, which were all created by the company 1.5 linear feet of oversize advertising materials are present in this collection. 5 linear inches of graphic designs for the events are included encompassing access, parking and camping passes and bracelets, tickets and schedule of events pamphlets. Also included with graphic materials are accomplishments and accolades of the company and its events such as a proclamation from the city of Roanoke. 3 linear inches of organization of the events created by the company are present in this collection and include job descriptions of staff, logistical details, business plans and other reports of that nature, catering plans, maps of the festivals grounds, performer travel and performance organization and FAQ information. 1,090 pictures show mainly daily happenings at various Floyd Fests, but also showcase Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Wine Down the Music Trail Festival and a trip to Ghana to search out talent for Floyd Fest. 1.5 linear feet of oversize photographs are also included in this collection. 2 linear inches of newspaper articles and clippings are also available in this collection and deal exclusively with Floyd Fest. These newspaper articles and clippings document the years of 2002-2015. There is approximately 1 linear foot of multimedia items in this collection that comprise of videos, mini discs and C.D.'s. Videotapes record live shows and show an interview with Kris Hodges on Virginia Tonight. Mini discs hold recordings of live performances as well. The C.D's account for 5 linear feet of the multimedia series and are of live performances done during various Floyd Fests and feature bands such as Donna the Buffalo, Trampling Turtles and African Showboys. As well as commercial C.D's produced from various Floyd Fests and other miscellaneous C.D's originally intended for private use.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs of various activities from Floyd Fest and Capital City Carnival Events are housed in a folder and packed inside the box horizontally. Subjects of these photographs include Floyd Fest Field Day held on 6/22/02, various photographs from Floyd Fests 2002-2014, Capital City Carnival performances, pictures of a trip to Ghana, and photographs of the Wine Down the Music Trail Wine Festival in 2005. Photographs in sleeves are from the 2002 Floyd Fest (photographer Russ Helgren) and the Wine Down the Music Trail Wine Festival held in 2005. Folders denoting an OS mean that folder has been moved to an oversize box.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries holds C.D's intended for private use that includes live performances and a graphics archive disc, which was created by Radford University Special Collections in April of 2017.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection features materials from Across the Way, Inc. located in Floyd, Virginia. It includes 5 linear inches of advertising material such as flyers, post cards, coasters and stickers for the events of Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix, which were all created by the company 1.5 linear feet of oversize advertising materials are present in this collection. 5 linear inches of graphic designs for the events are included encompassing access, parking and camping passes and bracelets, tickets and schedule of events pamphlets. Also included with graphic materials are accomplishments and accolades of the company and its events such as a proclamation from the city of Roanoke. 3 linear inches of organization of the events created by the company are present in this collection and include job descriptions of staff, logistical details, business plans and other reports of that nature, catering plans, maps of the festivals grounds, performer travel and performance organization and FAQ information. 1,090 pictures show mainly daily happenings at various Floyd Fests, but also showcase Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival and the Wine Down the Music Trail Festival and a trip to Ghana to search out talent for Floyd Fest. 1.5 linear feet of oversize photographs are also included in this collection. 2 linear inches of newspaper articles and clippings are also available in this collection and deal exclusively with Floyd Fest. These newspaper articles and clippings document the years of 2002-2015. There is approximately 1 linear foot of multimedia items in this collection that comprise of videos, mini discs and C.D.'s. Videotapes record live shows and show an interview with Kris Hodges on Virginia Tonight. Mini discs hold recordings of live performances as well. The C.D's account for 5 linear feet of the multimedia series and are of live performances done during various Floyd Fests and feature bands such as Donna the Buffalo, Trampling Turtles and African Showboys. As well as commercial C.D's produced from various Floyd Fests and other miscellaneous C.D's originally intended for private use.\n","Photographs of various activities from Floyd Fest and Capital City Carnival Events are housed in a folder and packed inside the box horizontally. Subjects of these photographs include Floyd Fest Field Day held on 6/22/02, various photographs from Floyd Fests 2002-2014, Capital City Carnival performances, pictures of a trip to Ghana, and photographs of the Wine Down the Music Trail Wine Festival in 2005. Photographs in sleeves are from the 2002 Floyd Fest (photographer Russ Helgren) and the Wine Down the Music Trail Wine Festival held in 2005. Folders denoting an OS mean that folder has been moved to an oversize box.","This subseries holds C.D's intended for private use that includes live performances and a graphics archive disc, which was created by Radford University Special Collections in April of 2017."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn appointment for research is required. The collection is open to research. No interlibrary loan. Access restricted in reference to financial information of Across the Way Productions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["An appointment for research is required. The collection is open to research. No interlibrary loan. Access restricted in reference to financial information of Across the Way Productions.\n"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eAcross the Way Productions Inc. was founded in 2002 by Kris Hodges and Erika Johnson. The two wished to create a world music festival in Floyd, Virginia and thus Floyd Fest began in September of 2002. This collection features materials from the events Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix all created by Across the Way Productions, Inc. Materials include advertising/promotional items, graphic design elements, the organization and logistics of the events, newspaper clippings, photographs, videos, live discs and mini discs of the events.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Across the Way Productions Inc. was founded in 2002 by Kris Hodges and Erika Johnson. The two wished to create a world music festival in Floyd, Virginia and thus Floyd Fest began in September of 2002. This collection features materials from the events Floyd Fest, Floyd Fandango, Vintage Virginia Wine and Food Festival, Virginia Wine Festival, Capital City Carnival and Microbrew Fest, Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series and The Phoenix all created by Across the Way Productions, Inc. Materials include advertising/promotional items, graphic design elements, the organization and logistics of the events, newspaper clippings, photographs, videos, live discs and mini discs of the events.\n"],"names_ssim":["Johnson, Erika","Hodges,Kris","Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Floyd Fest","Capital City Carnival and Microbew Fest","Floyd Fandango","Oddfella's Cantina","The Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series","Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival","Virginia Wine Festival"],"name_ssim":["Johnson, Erika","Hodges,Kris","Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Floyd Fest","Capital City Carnival and Microbew Fest","Floyd Fandango","Oddfella's Cantina","The Phoenix--Across the Way Productions, Inc.","Totally Rad Roanoke Star City Concert Series","Vintage Virginia Food and Wine Festival","Virginia Wine Festival"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":554,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:47:20.002Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vira_across-the-way_c01_c01"}},{"id":"viu_viu01993_c12_c11","type":"Subseries","attributes":{"title":"11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_viu01993_c12_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_viu01993_c12_c11","ref_ssm":["viu_viu01993_c12_c11"],"id":"viu_viu01993_c12_c11","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01993","_root_":"viu_viu01993","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01993_c12","parent_ssi":"viu_viu01993_c12","parent_ssim":["viu_viu01993","viu_viu01993_c12"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_viu01993","viu_viu01993_c12"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n \n 1850-1956","SERIES XII: MEMORABILIA"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n \n 1850-1956","SERIES XII: MEMORABILIA"],"text":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n \n 1850-1956","SERIES XII: MEMORABILIA","11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955","Box 301"],"title_filing_ssi":"11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955","title_ssm":["11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955"],"title_tesim":["11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955"],"normalized_title_ssm":["11. Masonic Apron \n \n 1955"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n \n 1850-1956"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":2353,"containers_ssim":["Box 301"],"_nest_path_":"/components#11/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:43:15.989Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_viu01993","ead_ssi":"viu_viu01993","_root_":"viu_viu01993","_nest_parent_":"viu_viu01993","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/uva-sc/viu01993.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n \n 1850-1956"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n \n 1850-1956"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["9973"],"text":["9973","Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n \n 1850-1956","The papers of Homer\n Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 shelf feet (ca. 124,000\n items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries, speeches,\n articles, legal case files, daily schedules, photographs,\n daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n scrapbooks,films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n items.","There are no restrictions.","GENERAL BACKGROUND The papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n of the series: \n I. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n II. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n III. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n IV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n 207-233) \n V. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n VII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n IX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n X. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n prints file) \n XI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n XII. Memorabilia \n XIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n XIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n XV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n 1939-1956 \n XVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n XVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n XVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n XIX. Motion Picture Films \n XX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n XXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953 \n ","DESCRIPTION OF SERIES Series I: Family Papers This series consists of general personal correspondence\n and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n place first, followed by the other family members in\n alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n within each folder are in chronological order. \n 1. \n Homer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n 1890-1956 : This group includes correspondence re:\n personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n 2. \n Audie S. Cummings, Papers,\n 1921-1925 : This group of correspondence and papers of\n Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n 3. \n May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955 : Letters\n of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n 4. \n Dickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n 1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953 : This\n correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n and son. \n 5. \n Helen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n 1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955 : This material\n relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n Cummings, and to her estate. \n 6. \n Julia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956 : This papers include\n correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n death. \n 7. \n Marguerite T. Owings Cummings\n (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955 : Most of these papers\n concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n estate, and include some correspondence between them. \n ","Series II: Political Papers to 1933,\n 1899-1933 This series includes correspondence and papers on the\n following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n corresponded with many political leaders and government\n officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n Walker. \n This group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n 1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n Wilson. \n In addition to the political correspondence, there are\n papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n in 1930. \n The papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n within each folder is arranged chronologically. \n ","Series III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n 1933-1956 This series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n 1. \n General Correspondence File :\n Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n file of their own. \n This correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n politics, and general interest in national and international\n affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n The researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n folders. \n Of particular interest is correspondence between\n Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n The \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n Roosevelt. \n 2. \n Miscellaneous Papers . This is\n an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n order: \n a) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n b) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n secretaries. \n c) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n d) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n newspaper clippings are in chronological order. \n ","Series IV: Speeches and Articles 1. \n Speeches, 1886-1950 : This\n series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n The speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n Speeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n in international affairs, and the World Court. \n A number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n speeches about crime control and the administration of\n criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n judicial reorganization. \n A few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n the presidential campaign of 1936. \n Following Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n that the second series is not complete even for its year\n range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n chronologically. \n 2. \n Articles, 1918-1945 : Cummings'\n articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.\n ","Series V. Literary Papers 1. \n Diaries, 1919-1956 : Cummings\n kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n he discussed his political and official activities including\n meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n contain many political references as well. There is also a\n travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n 2. \n Literary Papers, 1750-1953 :\n This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n 1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n 1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n on these last two projects. \n Two card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n The twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n participated in historic events and associated with many other\n powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n All but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n would find them very useful. \n The earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n The diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n From the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n Morgenthau. \n Besides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n Following his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n and government, describing various Democratic National\n Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n particular contains several references to events in the years\n 1832-1937. \n ","VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) This group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n 1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n arranged chronologically. \n ","Series VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n 1892-1953 There are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n 1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n correspondence, 1934-1938. \n ","Series VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 Many excellent photographs, of a personal and\n professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n 1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n 1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n as attorney general, including: participation in national\n conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n The personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n A final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n was attorney general. \n The photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n The second portion of the collection, the personal\n photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n The final portion of the collection contains\n photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n albums. \n A few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n other relatives. \n ","The only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n D. Lockwood.","In 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n 1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n party.","Cummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n famous case of \n State V. Harold Israel in which\n he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n 1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n resolutions.","In 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n at the Connecticut State Prison.","Cummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n valuable that the president asked him to remain.","Cummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n judicial system.","In his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n court-packing measure.","In 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.","He was the author of four books: \n Liberty Under Law and\n Administration (1934); \n Federal Justice , with Carl\n McFarland (1937); \n We Can Prevent Crime (1937); and\n The Tired Sea (1939) as well as\n numerous articles and speeches.","Cummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n and Omicron Delta Kappa.","Cummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n 1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six.","The papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n court-packing struggle.","Cummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n the material in the first category was generated by his\n service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n around party politics, national affairs, and various\n individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.","The second group of political papers primarily relate to\n Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n corresponded with many government officials, political\n leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n working relationship between the two men and highlights\n Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n general.","The collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n 1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n travel diaries, are also found here.","The many speeches and articles included in the collection\n reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n collection.","In Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n Federal Justice and \n The Biography of a Department ,\n correspondence about these books and \n The Selected Letters of Homer S.\n Cummings , and research material for projected books on\n military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n Federal Justice .","Cummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.","The Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n that is another valuable resource for students of\n twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n clippings.","Correspondence deals with capture of this\n dangerous criminal and attendant FBI\n investigation","includes long Russian paper re: 1937 treason show\n trials in Russia","Jeremiah Black (1857-1860) \n Charles J. Bonaparte (1906-1909) \n Benjamin H. Brewster (1881-1909) \n Harry M. Daughtery (1921-1924) \n Charles Devens (1877-1881) \n William M. Evarts (1868-1869) \n Thomas Watt Gregory (1914-1919) \n John W. Griggs (1898-1901) \n Judson Harmon (1895-1897) \n Philander C. Knox (1901-1904) \n Levi Lincoln (1801-1804) \n Joseph McKenna (1897-1898) \n James C. McReynolds (1913-1914) \n Waynes McVeagh (1881) \n William H.H. Miller (1889-1893) \n William H. Moody (1904-1906) \n Richard Olney (1893-1895) \n A. Mitchell Palmer (1919-1921) \n Edwards Pierrepont (1875-1876) \n Edmund Randolph (1789-1794) \n Richard Rush (1814-1817) \n Edwin M. Stanton (1860-1861) \n Alphonzo Taft (1876-1877) \n George W. Wickersham (1909-1913) \n George H. Williams (1872-1875) \n ","Group I. Volumes 1-60, so labelled, of scrapbooks\n of materials related to Homer Stille Cummings' professional\n activities, including newspaper clippings, articles,\n photographs, invitations, programs, cards, letters\n and telegrams. \n Vols. 1-7 (Box 284) Vol. 1: 1896 September-1897 April \n Vol. 2: 1897 April-1898 September \n Vol. 3: 1898 September-1899 December \n Vol. 4: 1900 January-1900 June \n Vol. 5: 1900 July-1900 October \n Vol. 6: 1900 October-1901 March \n Vol. 7: 1901 April-1902 March \n Vols. 8-13 (Box 285) Vol. 8: 1902 May-1902 October \n Vol. 9: 1902 October-1904 January \n Vol. 10: 1904 January-1904 September \n Vol. 11: 1904 September-1906 March \n Vol. 12: 1906 March-1908 December \n Vol. 13: 1909 January-1912 April \n Vols. 14-18 (Box 286) Vol. 14: 1912 April-1912 December \n Vol. 15: 1913 February-1914 June \n Vol. 16: 1914 May-1916 June \n Vol. 17: 1916 June-1916 October \n Vol. 18: 1916 October-1917 January \n Vols. 19-24 (Box 287) Vol. 19: 1917 March-1919 March \n Vol. 20: 1919 March-1919 June \n Vol. 21: 1919 April-1919 July \n Vol. 22: 1919 July-1920 January \n Vol. 23: 1920 January-1920 April \n Vol. 24: 1920 April-1920 July \n Vols. 25-30 (Box 288) Vol. 25: 1920 June-1920 September \n Vol. 26: 1919 November-1921 May \n Vol. 27: 1920 June-1922 June \n Vol. 28: 1922 June-1924 February \n Vol. 29: 1924 February-1924 July \n Vol. 30: 1924 August-1930 April \n Vols. 31-36 (Box 289) Vol. 31: 1930 April-1932 July \n Vol. 32: 1932 July-1933 March \n Vol. 33: 1933 March-1933 November \n Vol. 34: 1933Dec-1934 January \n Vol. 35: 1933 April-1934 May \n Vol. 36: 1934 April-1934 June \n Vols. 37-41 (Box 290) Vol. 37: 1934 June-1934 September \n Vol. 38: 1934 September-1935 January \n Vol. 39: 1934 December-1935 \n Vol. 40: 1935 May-1935 October \n Vol. 41: 1935 August-1936 February \n Vols. 42-46 (Box 291) Vol. 42: 1936 February-1936 July \n Vol. 43: 1936 June-1936 November \n Vol. 44: 1936 October-1937 January \n Vol. 45: 1937 January-1937 April \n Vol. 46: 1937 April-1937 June \n Vols. 47-52 (Box 292) Vol. 47: 1937 July-1938 January \n Vol. 48: 1938 January-1938 April \n Vol. 49: 1938 May-1938 October \n Vol. 50: 1938 November-1939 December \n Vol. 51: 1938 November-1939 January \n Vol. 52: 1939 January-1940 January \n Vols. 53-57 (Box 293) Vol. 53: 1940 February-1942 September \n Vol. 54: 1942 September-1944 November \n Vol. 55: 1944 November-1945 July \n Vol. 56: 1945 July-1946 September \n Vol. 57: 1946 September-1948 December \n Vols. 58-60 (Box 294) Vol. 58: 1938 July-1950 November \n Vol. 59: 1950 September-1952 August \n Vol. 60: 1952 July-1956 June","Vol. 61 (1914 December-1916 December) \n Vol. 62 (1917 January-1924 November) \n Vol. 63 (1919 May-1919 June)","Vol. 64 (1933): Letters arranged alphabetically,\n A-F, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n Vol. 65 (1933): Letters arranged\n alphabetically, G-M, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n Vol. 66 (1933): Letters arranged\n alphabetically, N-Z, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n Vol. 67 (1938 November-1939 January): Letters arranged\n alphabetically, received by Homer Stille Cummings","Vol. 68: 1936 February-1936 July \n Vol. 69: 1936 July-1936 December \n Vol. 70: 1936 December-1937 April \n Vol. 71: 1937 April-1937 November \n Vol. 72: 1937 November-1938 October \n Vol. 73: 1938 October-1938 December \n ","Vol. 74 (1933-1937): Scrapbook of photographs \n Vol. 75a (1920-1942): Scrapbook of New York\n newspaper clippings \n Vol. 75b (1933 January-1934 January): Scrapbook of\n newspaper clippings \n Vol. 76 (1934 December): Scrapbook of materials re:\n Attorney General's Conference on Crime \n Vol. 77 (1935 February-1938 December): Autograph book","Vol. 78: 1933 March-1934 July Vol. 79: 1934\n July-1935 March Vol. 80: 1935 March-1935 December Vol. 81:\n 1935 December-1936 November Vol. 82: 1936 December-1937 April Vol.\n 83: 1937 April-1937 September Vol. 84: 1937 April-1937\n June (oversized scrapbook clippings and photographs\n from Nancy Randolph's columns) Vol. 85: 1937 October-1938\n June Vol. 86: 1938 May-1939 June","Vol. 87: 1939 August (Letters \"Alley\" to \"Cummings\")\n Vol. 88: 1939 August (Letters \"Daglish\" to \"Ickes\")\n Vol. 89: 1939 August (Letters \"Jackson\" to \"O'Connor\")\n Vol. 90: 1939 August (Letters \"Parker\" to \"Swope\") Vol.\n 91: 1939 August (Letters \"Walker\" to \"Zak,\" also\n sympathy cards)","Vol. 92: 1900-1903 (Scrapbooks of illustrations\n and newspaper photographs) Vol. 93: 1900-1904\n (Scrapbook of poetry: Uriah Cummings) Vol. 94: 1901\n December-1910 March (Scrapbook of newspaper clippings,\n stories, letters of Uriah Cummings)","\"New York--A Rockefeller's prints go on record --\n Attorney General Cummings, in Washington, urges\n public support.\"","\"Dallas -- 22 nabbed by U.S. agents for aiding\n southwest desperado Clyde Barrow, slain in gunfight\n last May.\"","\"New York -- Gangster income from policy racket\n shown to be 200 million yearly! Sensational expose\n uncovers nation-wide scandal.\"","[Ceremony establishing a \"Univesity of Crime\"]","\"Washington -- President at dedication of\n Department's new $11,000,000 home! Attorney General\n Cummings and S[cott] M[arion] Loftin, Bar Association\n Head, Speak.\"","Installation of Edward A. Hayes as Commander of\n the American Legion","See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["9973"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n \n 1850-1956"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n \n 1850-1956"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, \n \n 1850-1956"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The papers were a gift to the library from Professor\n Carl McFarland, School of Law, University of Virginia, on\n 14 December 1976. They were originally deposited in the\n library on 21 June and 26 July 1974."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["The papers of Homer\n Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 shelf feet (ca. 124,000\n items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries, speeches,\n articles, legal case files, daily schedules, photographs,\n daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n scrapbooks,films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n items."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["GENERAL BACKGROUND The papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n of the series: \n I. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n II. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n III. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n IV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n 207-233) \n V. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n VII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n IX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n X. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n prints file) \n XI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n XII. Memorabilia \n XIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n XIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n XV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n 1939-1956 \n XVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n XVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n XVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n XIX. Motion Picture Films \n XX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n XXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953 \n ","DESCRIPTION OF SERIES Series I: Family Papers This series consists of general personal correspondence\n and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n place first, followed by the other family members in\n alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n within each folder are in chronological order. \n 1. \n Homer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n 1890-1956 : This group includes correspondence re:\n personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n 2. \n Audie S. Cummings, Papers,\n 1921-1925 : This group of correspondence and papers of\n Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n 3. \n May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955 : Letters\n of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n 4. \n Dickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n 1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953 : This\n correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n and son. \n 5. \n Helen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n 1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955 : This material\n relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n Cummings, and to her estate. \n 6. \n Julia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956 : This papers include\n correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n death. \n 7. \n Marguerite T. Owings Cummings\n (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955 : Most of these papers\n concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n estate, and include some correspondence between them. \n ","Series II: Political Papers to 1933,\n 1899-1933 This series includes correspondence and papers on the\n following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n corresponded with many political leaders and government\n officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n Walker. \n This group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n 1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n Wilson. \n In addition to the political correspondence, there are\n papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n in 1930. \n The papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n within each folder is arranged chronologically. \n ","Series III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n 1933-1956 This series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n 1. \n General Correspondence File :\n Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n file of their own. \n This correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n politics, and general interest in national and international\n affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n The researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n folders. \n Of particular interest is correspondence between\n Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n The \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n Roosevelt. \n 2. \n Miscellaneous Papers . This is\n an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n order: \n a) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n b) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n secretaries. \n c) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n d) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n newspaper clippings are in chronological order. \n ","Series IV: Speeches and Articles 1. \n Speeches, 1886-1950 : This\n series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n The speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n Speeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n in international affairs, and the World Court. \n A number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n speeches about crime control and the administration of\n criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n judicial reorganization. \n A few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n the presidential campaign of 1936. \n Following Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n that the second series is not complete even for its year\n range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n chronologically. \n 2. \n Articles, 1918-1945 : Cummings'\n articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.\n ","Series V. Literary Papers 1. \n Diaries, 1919-1956 : Cummings\n kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n he discussed his political and official activities including\n meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n contain many political references as well. There is also a\n travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n 2. \n Literary Papers, 1750-1953 :\n This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n 1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n 1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n on these last two projects. \n Two card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n The twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n participated in historic events and associated with many other\n powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n All but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n would find them very useful. \n The earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n The diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n From the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n Morgenthau. \n Besides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n Following his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n and government, describing various Democratic National\n Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n particular contains several references to events in the years\n 1832-1937. \n ","VI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) This group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n 1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n arranged chronologically. \n ","Series VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n 1892-1953 There are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n 1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n correspondence, 1934-1938. \n ","Series VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 Many excellent photographs, of a personal and\n professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n 1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n 1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n as attorney general, including: participation in national\n conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n The personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n A final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n was attorney general. \n The photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n The second portion of the collection, the personal\n photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n The final portion of the collection contains\n photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n albums. \n A few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n collections. The subjects include Cummings' parents Uriah and\n Audie Cummings, his maternal grandparents, great-uncle, and\n other relatives. \n "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n D. Lockwood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n 1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n famous case of \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eState V. Harold Israel\u003c/title\u003ein which\n he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n 1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n resolutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n at the Connecticut State Prison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n valuable that the president asked him to remain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n judicial system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n court-packing measure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe was the author of four books: \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLiberty Under Law and\n Administration\u003c/title\u003e(1934); \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003e, with Carl\n McFarland (1937); \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWe Can Prevent Crime\u003c/title\u003e(1937); and\n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Tired Sea\u003c/title\u003e(1939) as well as\n numerous articles and speeches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n and Omicron Delta Kappa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n 1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The only son of Uriah and Audie Schuyler (Stille) Cummings,\n Homer Stille Cummings was born in Chicago, Illinois, on 30\n April 1870. He received his early education at the Heathcote\n School in Buffalo, New York. In 1891, he graduated from Yale\n University with the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, and two\n years later, he took an LL.B. degre from Yale Law School.\n Subsequently, he received several honorary degrees in law,\n from Rollins College, Lake Forest Univesity, and Oglethorpe\n University, in 1934, Lincoln Memorial University and John\n Marshall College of Law, in 1935, and Pennsylvania Military\n College in 1938. Admitted to the Connecticut STate Bar, he\n commenced in 1895 a long legal career by practicing law in\n Stamford where he became a member of the firm of Fessenden,\n Carter, and Cummings. He practiced alone from 1900 to 1909,\n then organizing the firm of Cummings and Lockwood with Charles\n D. Lockwood.","In 1900, Cummings was elected mayor of Stamford, and\n subsequently twice re-elected. For two years, he was president\n of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut, and from 1903 to\n 1909, president of the Stamford Board of Trade. Elected\n delegate to the Democratic National Convention and Democratic\n National Committeeman for Connecticut in 1900, he held the\n latter position of twenty-five years. He was nominated by his\n party for the position of representative-at-large in Congress,\n but the Republican majority in Connecticut was such that there\n was little chance of election. From 1913 to 1919, he was\n vice-chairman of the Democratic National Committee. Cummings\n was early on a strong supporter of Woodrow Wilson, and\n identified with the progressive wing of the Democratic\n party.","Cummings served as state's attorney for Fairfield County\n from 1914 to 1924. During this period, he was involved in the\n famous case of \n State V. Harold Israel in which\n he successfully cleared an innocent man of a murder charge.\n During World War I, Cummings was a member of the Connecticut\n State Council of Defense. In 1916, he was the Democratic\n candidate for the U.S. Senate, losing by a narrow margin. He\n was elected chairman of the Democratic National Committee in\n 1919, and was chosen temporary chairman of the Democratic\n National Convention at San Francisco in 1920. His keynote\n speech at the convention staunchly defended the\n accomplishments of the Wilson administration. Again a delegate\n to the party convention in 1924 in New York, he was a leader\n of the McAdoo forces, and was chairman of the committee on\n resolutions.","In 1925, Cummings resigned from the Democratic National\n Committee to devote himself to the practice of law. He acted\n as special trial counsel in important cases in many\n jurisdictions, and gained further experience in the areas of\n monopoly, civil rights, and procedure. In 1930, Governor\n Trumbull appointed him head of an investigation of conditions\n at the Connecticut State Prison.","Cummings was a firm supporter of Franklin Delano Roosevelt\n in 1932 and assisted in the organization of his campaign. A\n delegate-at-large to the Chicago convention of the party, he\n acted as one of the floor leaders for Roosevelt and made a\n speech seconding his nomination. He campaigned actively for\n Roosevelt in the months that followed. After the election, it\n was announced that Cummings had been offered the position of\n governor-general of the Philippines. But on the sudden death\n of Senator Thomas J. Walsh, who had been selected for the post\n of attorney general, Roosevelt drafted Cummings for this post.\n It was at first assumed that Cummings would serve only\n temporarily and that he would eventually assume the\n Philippines post, but his work as attorney general was so\n valuable that the president asked him to remain.","Cummings played an influential role in the Roosevelt\n administration. In the early days of 1933, he assisted the\n president by drawing up emergency legislation such as the\n Emergency Banking Act, and several executive orders relating\n to gold. He reorganized the Department of Justice, and greatly\n strengthened the power of the Federal Bureau of Investigation\n by proposing comprehensive anti-crime legislation relating to\n kidnapping, national bank robbery, extortion, and\n racketeering. Personally interested in the prison division of\n the department, hew as responsible for substantial\n improvements in the federal penal system. Many new\n institutions, including Alcatraz Prison, were constructed\n under his administration. Cummings attempted to break up\n monopolies, and directed the Justice Department to start\n proceedings against some of the large oil companies. In his\n own opinion, his most important accomplishment was the reform\n of civil procedure in the federal courts. He persuaded\n Congress to pass a law giving the justices of the Supreme\n Court authority to prepare and promulgate, in September 1938,\n uniform rules of practice in the federal courts. The purpose\n of this measure was the elimination of as much legal\n technicality and red tape as possible from the federal\n judicial system.","In his first four years in the cabinet, Cummings was asked\n to defend the constitutionality of many New Deal enactments.\n He was successful in the case of dollar devaluation, the\n Tennessee Valley Authority, the Securities and Exchange\n Commission, and other measures, as they were upheld by the\n Supreme Court. But Roosevelt was frustrated by the fact that\n the court did declare unconstitutional some important New Deal\n enactments including the National Recovery Administration. The\n president's dismay set the stage for the most controversial\n episode in Cummings' career, the Supreme Court Reorganization\n Bill, better known as the court-packing bill. Cummings\n suggested a plan by which the president could appoint a new\n justice or federal judge to the bench for each judge who had\n served at least ten years, who waited more than six months\n after his seventieth birthday to resign or retire. The\n president would be allowed to appoint up to six new justices\n to the Supreme Court, and forty-five new judges to lower\n federal tribunals. The result , of this plan, Cummings and\n Roosevelt hoped, would be the appointment of men of a more\n liberal attitude, better disposed toward the New Deal\n philosophy than the sitting justices. The president attempted\n to present the bill as a proposal designed to maximize\n efficiency, but his true intentions were obvious. Spring on an\n unsuspecting Congress and nation in February 1937, the\n court-packing bill aroused widespread opposition; many people\n interpreted the plan as an attack on the Supreme Court and the\n Constitution. The bill was ultimately defeated by the senate,\n but it destroyed Democratic unity and strengthened the\n anti-New Deal coalition in the process. Cummings was\n subsequently involved in a primary \"purge\" campaign, in which\n the administration attempted to unseat some of the Democrats\n in Congress who had assisted in the defeat of the\n court-packing measure.","In 1938, Cummings was chosen by Argentina and Chile to\n arbitrate the Beagle Channel Islands controversy. Cummings\n resigned his post on January 2, 1939, and practiced law in\n Washington with the firm of Cummings and Stanley, subsequently\n Cummings, Stanley, Truitt, and Cross. He personally argued\n many cases in circuit courts and in the Supreme Court.","He was the author of four books: \n Liberty Under Law and\n Administration (1934); \n Federal Justice , with Carl\n McFarland (1937); \n We Can Prevent Crime (1937); and\n The Tired Sea (1939) as well as\n numerous articles and speeches.","Cummings was a member of the First Congregational Church,\n Stamford, and a trustee of George Washington University. He\n belonged to many organizations, including the American Society\n of International Law, the American Law Institute, the American\n Judicature Society, the Yale, Metropolitan, and Burning Tree\n Clubs, the Masons, Old Fellows, Elks, Eagles, Phi Alpha Delta,\n and Omicron Delta Kappa.","Cummings married Helen Woodruff Smith in June 1897. They\n had one son, Dickinson Schuyler Cummings, born in June 1898.\n They were divorced in October 1907. In December 1909, Cummings\n married Marguerite T. Owings, from whom he was divorced in\n 1928. He married May Cecilia Waterbury in August 1929. She\n died in 1939. In 1942, he married Julia Alter, who died in\n February 1955. Cummings died of heart failure at his home on\n September 11, 1956, at the age of eighty-six."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956, Accession #\n 9973, Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia\n Library, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Homer Stille Cummings, 1850-1956, Accession #\n 9973, Special Collections Dept., University of Virginia\n Library, Charlottesville, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n court-packing struggle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n the material in the first category was generated by his\n service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n around party politics, national affairs, and various\n individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second group of political papers primarily relate to\n Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n corresponded with many government officials, political\n leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n working relationship between the two men and highlights\n Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n general.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n 1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n travel diaries, are also found here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe many speeches and articles included in the collection\n reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003eand \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Biography of a Department\u003c/title\u003e,\n correspondence about these books and \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Selected Letters of Homer S.\n Cummings\u003c/title\u003e, and research material for projected books on\n military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eFederal Justice\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n that is another valuable resource for students of\n twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n clippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence deals with capture of this\n dangerous criminal and attendant FBI\n investigation\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincludes long Russian paper re: 1937 treason show\n trials in Russia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJeremiah Black (1857-1860) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eCharles J. Bonaparte (1906-1909) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eBenjamin H. Brewster (1881-1909) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eHarry M. Daughtery (1921-1924) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eCharles Devens (1877-1881) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eWilliam M. Evarts (1868-1869) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThomas Watt Gregory (1914-1919) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eJohn W. Griggs (1898-1901) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eJudson Harmon (1895-1897) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ePhilander C. Knox (1901-1904) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eLevi Lincoln (1801-1804) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eJoseph McKenna (1897-1898) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eJames C. McReynolds (1913-1914) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eWaynes McVeagh (1881) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eWilliam H.H. Miller (1889-1893) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eWilliam H. Moody (1904-1906) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eRichard Olney (1893-1895) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA. Mitchell Palmer (1919-1921) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEdwards Pierrepont (1875-1876) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEdmund Randolph (1789-1794) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eRichard Rush (1814-1817) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEdwin M. Stanton (1860-1861) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eAlphonzo Taft (1876-1877) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eGeorge W. Wickersham (1909-1913) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eGeorge H. Williams (1872-1875) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGroup I. Volumes 1-60, so labelled, of scrapbooks\n of materials related to Homer Stille Cummings' professional\n activities, including newspaper clippings, articles,\n photographs, invitations, programs, cards, letters\n and telegrams. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 1-7 (Box 284)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 1: 1896 September-1897 April \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 2: 1897 April-1898 September \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 3: 1898 September-1899 December \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 4: 1900 January-1900 June \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 5: 1900 July-1900 October \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 6: 1900 October-1901 March \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 7: 1901 April-1902 March \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 8-13 (Box 285)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 8: 1902 May-1902 October \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 9: 1902 October-1904 January \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 10: 1904 January-1904 September \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 11: 1904 September-1906 March \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 12: 1906 March-1908 December \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 13: 1909 January-1912 April \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 14-18 (Box 286)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 14: 1912 April-1912 December \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 15: 1913 February-1914 June \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 16: 1914 May-1916 June \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 17: 1916 June-1916 October \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 18: 1916 October-1917 January \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 19-24 (Box 287)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 19: 1917 March-1919 March \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 20: 1919 March-1919 June \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 21: 1919 April-1919 July \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 22: 1919 July-1920 January \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 23: 1920 January-1920 April \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 24: 1920 April-1920 July \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 25-30 (Box 288)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 25: 1920 June-1920 September \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 26: 1919 November-1921 May \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 27: 1920 June-1922 June \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 28: 1922 June-1924 February \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 29: 1924 February-1924 July \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 30: 1924 August-1930 April \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 31-36 (Box 289)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 31: 1930 April-1932 July \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 32: 1932 July-1933 March \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 33: 1933 March-1933 November \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 34: 1933Dec-1934 January \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 35: 1933 April-1934 May \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 36: 1934 April-1934 June \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 37-41 (Box 290)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 37: 1934 June-1934 September \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 38: 1934 September-1935 January \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 39: 1934 December-1935 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 40: 1935 May-1935 October \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 41: 1935 August-1936 February \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 42-46 (Box 291)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 42: 1936 February-1936 July \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 43: 1936 June-1936 November \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 44: 1936 October-1937 January \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 45: 1937 January-1937 April \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 46: 1937 April-1937 June \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 47-52 (Box 292)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 47: 1937 July-1938 January \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 48: 1938 January-1938 April \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 49: 1938 May-1938 October \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 50: 1938 November-1939 December \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 51: 1938 November-1939 January \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 52: 1939 January-1940 January \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 53-57 (Box 293)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 53: 1940 February-1942 September \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 54: 1942 September-1944 November \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 55: 1944 November-1945 July \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 56: 1945 July-1946 September \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 57: 1946 September-1948 December \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eVols. 58-60 (Box 294)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 58: 1938 July-1950 November \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 59: 1950 September-1952 August \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 60: 1952 July-1956 June\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 61 (1914 December-1916 December) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 62 (1917 January-1924 November) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 63 (1919 May-1919 June)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 64 (1933): Letters arranged alphabetically,\n A-F, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 65 (1933): Letters arranged\n alphabetically, G-M, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 66 (1933): Letters arranged\n alphabetically, N-Z, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 67 (1938 November-1939 January): Letters arranged\n alphabetically, received by Homer Stille Cummings\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 68: 1936 February-1936 July \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 69: 1936 July-1936 December \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 70: 1936 December-1937 April \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 71: 1937 April-1937 November \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 72: 1937 November-1938 October \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 73: 1938 October-1938 December \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 74 (1933-1937): Scrapbook of photographs \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 75a (1920-1942): Scrapbook of New York\n newspaper clippings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 75b (1933 January-1934 January): Scrapbook of\n newspaper clippings \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 76 (1934 December): Scrapbook of materials re:\n Attorney General's Conference on Crime \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVol. 77 (1935 February-1938 December): Autograph book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 78: 1933 March-1934 July Vol. 79: 1934\n July-1935 March Vol. 80: 1935 March-1935 December Vol. 81:\n 1935 December-1936 November Vol. 82: 1936 December-1937 April Vol.\n 83: 1937 April-1937 September Vol. 84: 1937 April-1937\n June (oversized scrapbook clippings and photographs\n from Nancy Randolph's columns) Vol. 85: 1937 October-1938\n June Vol. 86: 1938 May-1939 June\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 87: 1939 August (Letters \"Alley\" to \"Cummings\")\n Vol. 88: 1939 August (Letters \"Daglish\" to \"Ickes\")\n Vol. 89: 1939 August (Letters \"Jackson\" to \"O'Connor\")\n Vol. 90: 1939 August (Letters \"Parker\" to \"Swope\") Vol.\n 91: 1939 August (Letters \"Walker\" to \"Zak,\" also\n sympathy cards)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVol. 92: 1900-1903 (Scrapbooks of illustrations\n and newspaper photographs) Vol. 93: 1900-1904\n (Scrapbook of poetry: Uriah Cummings) Vol. 94: 1901\n December-1910 March (Scrapbook of newspaper clippings,\n stories, letters of Uriah Cummings)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"New York--A Rockefeller's prints go on record --\n Attorney General Cummings, in Washington, urges\n public support.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Dallas -- 22 nabbed by U.S. agents for aiding\n southwest desperado Clyde Barrow, slain in gunfight\n last May.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"New York -- Gangster income from policy racket\n shown to be 200 million yearly! Sensational expose\n uncovers nation-wide scandal.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Ceremony establishing a \"Univesity of Crime\"]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Washington -- President at dedication of\n Department's new $11,000,000 home! Attorney General\n Cummings and S[cott] M[arion] Loftin, Bar Association\n Head, Speak.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstallation of Edward A. Hayes as Commander of\n the American Legion\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Homer Stille Cummings consist of 171.2 feet\n (ca. 124,000 items) of correspondence, memoranda, diaries,\n speeches, articles, legal case files, daily schedules,\n photographs, daguerreotypes, engravings, newspaper clippings,\n scrapbooks, films, phonograph records, memorabilia, and other\n items, for the years 1850 (1890-1956) relating to Cummings'\n long career as lawyer, Democratic Party leader, and attorney\n general in the administration of President Franklin D.\n Roosevelt. Family, legal, political, and official papers\n reflect Cummings' far-ranging activities and interests; the\n value of the papers lies in their unusual scope and breadth.\n The collection includes Cummings' correspondence, telegrams,\n and memoranda with Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt,\n and a group of papers that document his role in the historic\n court-packing struggle.","Cummings' political papers fall into two major categories,\n one group ranging from 1899 to 1933, and the second from the\n time he assumed a post in the Roosevelt cabinet until his\n death in 1956. There are few papers, unfortunately, relating\n to his tenure as mayor of Stamford, Connecticut. The bulk of\n the material in the first category was generated by his\n service with the Democratic National Committee; the\n corresponded between Cummings and Wilson, which resolves\n around party politics, national affairs, and various\n individuals, sheds light on Wilson and politician. In a number\n of interesting memoranda, Cummings discussed Wilson and\n described various meetings with him. In his capacities as\n vice-chairman and then chairman of the National Committee,\n Cummings corresponded extensively with Democratic party\n leaders and government officials, including Vance c.\n McCormick, William G. McAdoo, Cordell Hull, and Edwin M.\n House. His involvement in matters in his home state is\n documented by much material on Connecticut politics, the\n investigation of the Connecticut State prison at Wethersfield\n in 1930, and the Harold Israel case.","The second group of political papers primarily relate to\n Cummings' tenure as attorney general, and reveal his\n continuing interest in Democratic Party politics. He\n corresponded with many government officials, political\n leaders, members of Congress, and judges, such as Benjamin N.\n Cordozo, James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, J. Edgar Hoover,\n Robert H. Jackson, and Harry S. Truman. The topics of the\n letters include national affairs, politics, Justice Department\n policy (FBI material has been reviewed and declassified by the\n FBI), judicial reform, and the international situation.\n Cummings' correspondence with Roosevelt reveals the close\n working relationship between the two men and highlights\n Roosevelt's political career. Their letters concern the\n administration of the Justice Department, the progress of New\n Deal legislation, and related juridical matters. Of particular\n interest are correspondence and papers concerning the\n reorganization, or court-packing, plan, and the gold cases.\n Memoranda, case files, circulars, press releases, and printed\n material supplement the correspondence of the attorney\n general.","The collection includes a number of family papers, ca.\n 1890-1956 of Cummings, his mother, wives, and son. Much of\n this material is of a financial and legal nature, relating to\n taxes, divorce proceedings, and estates. There is\n correspondence between Cummings and his wives Marguerite T.\n Owings Cummings, and Julia M. Alter Cummings, and his son\n Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Letters about the annual Homer S.\n Cummings Golf Tournament, miscellaneous school notebooks and\n travel diaries, are also found here.","The many speeches and articles included in the collection\n reflect Cummings' own interests and official responsibilities,\n and cover such topics as national and Connecticut politics,\n criminal justice, judicial reorganization, and international\n affairs. There is also speech research material and related\n correspondence. A number of speeches by other individuals on a\n wide range of subjects, especially members of the Justice\n Department speaking on crime suppression, are in the\n collection.","In Cummings' personal and political diaries, 1919-1956, he\n recorded his daily activities and described meetings, trips,\n and his colleagues. These diaries are a very valuable source\n in themselves, because Cummings was a shrewd and seasoned\n commentator on political affairs. The drafts of his books \n Federal Justice and \n The Biography of a Department ,\n correspondence about these books and \n The Selected Letters of Homer S.\n Cummings , and research material for projected books on\n military law and the Lands Division, indicate Cummings'\n research-writing interests. There are many source files, with\n abstracts of legal and historical data, used for \n Federal Justice .","Cummings' flourishing law practice in Stamford,\n Connecticut, and Washington, D.C., is documented by\n correspondence, papers, and many legal case files.","The Cummings Papers contain a wealth of non-print material\n that is another valuable resource for students of\n twentieth-century America. There are many professional and\n personal photographs of Cummings, his colleagues and family,\n daguerreotypes, and ambrotypes, a series of engravings of the\n attorney generals, political cartoons, and miscellaneous\n certificates. Films, phonograph records, scrapbooks, and\n memorabilia round out the collection. Some of the scrapbooks\n contain correspondence and photographs as well as newspaper\n clippings.","Correspondence deals with capture of this\n dangerous criminal and attendant FBI\n investigation","includes long Russian paper re: 1937 treason show\n trials in Russia","Jeremiah Black (1857-1860) \n Charles J. Bonaparte (1906-1909) \n Benjamin H. Brewster (1881-1909) \n Harry M. Daughtery (1921-1924) \n Charles Devens (1877-1881) \n William M. Evarts (1868-1869) \n Thomas Watt Gregory (1914-1919) \n John W. Griggs (1898-1901) \n Judson Harmon (1895-1897) \n Philander C. Knox (1901-1904) \n Levi Lincoln (1801-1804) \n Joseph McKenna (1897-1898) \n James C. McReynolds (1913-1914) \n Waynes McVeagh (1881) \n William H.H. Miller (1889-1893) \n William H. Moody (1904-1906) \n Richard Olney (1893-1895) \n A. Mitchell Palmer (1919-1921) \n Edwards Pierrepont (1875-1876) \n Edmund Randolph (1789-1794) \n Richard Rush (1814-1817) \n Edwin M. Stanton (1860-1861) \n Alphonzo Taft (1876-1877) \n George W. Wickersham (1909-1913) \n George H. Williams (1872-1875) \n ","Group I. Volumes 1-60, so labelled, of scrapbooks\n of materials related to Homer Stille Cummings' professional\n activities, including newspaper clippings, articles,\n photographs, invitations, programs, cards, letters\n and telegrams. \n Vols. 1-7 (Box 284) Vol. 1: 1896 September-1897 April \n Vol. 2: 1897 April-1898 September \n Vol. 3: 1898 September-1899 December \n Vol. 4: 1900 January-1900 June \n Vol. 5: 1900 July-1900 October \n Vol. 6: 1900 October-1901 March \n Vol. 7: 1901 April-1902 March \n Vols. 8-13 (Box 285) Vol. 8: 1902 May-1902 October \n Vol. 9: 1902 October-1904 January \n Vol. 10: 1904 January-1904 September \n Vol. 11: 1904 September-1906 March \n Vol. 12: 1906 March-1908 December \n Vol. 13: 1909 January-1912 April \n Vols. 14-18 (Box 286) Vol. 14: 1912 April-1912 December \n Vol. 15: 1913 February-1914 June \n Vol. 16: 1914 May-1916 June \n Vol. 17: 1916 June-1916 October \n Vol. 18: 1916 October-1917 January \n Vols. 19-24 (Box 287) Vol. 19: 1917 March-1919 March \n Vol. 20: 1919 March-1919 June \n Vol. 21: 1919 April-1919 July \n Vol. 22: 1919 July-1920 January \n Vol. 23: 1920 January-1920 April \n Vol. 24: 1920 April-1920 July \n Vols. 25-30 (Box 288) Vol. 25: 1920 June-1920 September \n Vol. 26: 1919 November-1921 May \n Vol. 27: 1920 June-1922 June \n Vol. 28: 1922 June-1924 February \n Vol. 29: 1924 February-1924 July \n Vol. 30: 1924 August-1930 April \n Vols. 31-36 (Box 289) Vol. 31: 1930 April-1932 July \n Vol. 32: 1932 July-1933 March \n Vol. 33: 1933 March-1933 November \n Vol. 34: 1933Dec-1934 January \n Vol. 35: 1933 April-1934 May \n Vol. 36: 1934 April-1934 June \n Vols. 37-41 (Box 290) Vol. 37: 1934 June-1934 September \n Vol. 38: 1934 September-1935 January \n Vol. 39: 1934 December-1935 \n Vol. 40: 1935 May-1935 October \n Vol. 41: 1935 August-1936 February \n Vols. 42-46 (Box 291) Vol. 42: 1936 February-1936 July \n Vol. 43: 1936 June-1936 November \n Vol. 44: 1936 October-1937 January \n Vol. 45: 1937 January-1937 April \n Vol. 46: 1937 April-1937 June \n Vols. 47-52 (Box 292) Vol. 47: 1937 July-1938 January \n Vol. 48: 1938 January-1938 April \n Vol. 49: 1938 May-1938 October \n Vol. 50: 1938 November-1939 December \n Vol. 51: 1938 November-1939 January \n Vol. 52: 1939 January-1940 January \n Vols. 53-57 (Box 293) Vol. 53: 1940 February-1942 September \n Vol. 54: 1942 September-1944 November \n Vol. 55: 1944 November-1945 July \n Vol. 56: 1945 July-1946 September \n Vol. 57: 1946 September-1948 December \n Vols. 58-60 (Box 294) Vol. 58: 1938 July-1950 November \n Vol. 59: 1950 September-1952 August \n Vol. 60: 1952 July-1956 June","Vol. 61 (1914 December-1916 December) \n Vol. 62 (1917 January-1924 November) \n Vol. 63 (1919 May-1919 June)","Vol. 64 (1933): Letters arranged alphabetically,\n A-F, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n Vol. 65 (1933): Letters arranged\n alphabetically, G-M, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n Vol. 66 (1933): Letters arranged\n alphabetically, N-Z, received by Homer Stille Cummings \n Vol. 67 (1938 November-1939 January): Letters arranged\n alphabetically, received by Homer Stille Cummings","Vol. 68: 1936 February-1936 July \n Vol. 69: 1936 July-1936 December \n Vol. 70: 1936 December-1937 April \n Vol. 71: 1937 April-1937 November \n Vol. 72: 1937 November-1938 October \n Vol. 73: 1938 October-1938 December \n ","Vol. 74 (1933-1937): Scrapbook of photographs \n Vol. 75a (1920-1942): Scrapbook of New York\n newspaper clippings \n Vol. 75b (1933 January-1934 January): Scrapbook of\n newspaper clippings \n Vol. 76 (1934 December): Scrapbook of materials re:\n Attorney General's Conference on Crime \n Vol. 77 (1935 February-1938 December): Autograph book","Vol. 78: 1933 March-1934 July Vol. 79: 1934\n July-1935 March Vol. 80: 1935 March-1935 December Vol. 81:\n 1935 December-1936 November Vol. 82: 1936 December-1937 April Vol.\n 83: 1937 April-1937 September Vol. 84: 1937 April-1937\n June (oversized scrapbook clippings and photographs\n from Nancy Randolph's columns) Vol. 85: 1937 October-1938\n June Vol. 86: 1938 May-1939 June","Vol. 87: 1939 August (Letters \"Alley\" to \"Cummings\")\n Vol. 88: 1939 August (Letters \"Daglish\" to \"Ickes\")\n Vol. 89: 1939 August (Letters \"Jackson\" to \"O'Connor\")\n Vol. 90: 1939 August (Letters \"Parker\" to \"Swope\") Vol.\n 91: 1939 August (Letters \"Walker\" to \"Zak,\" also\n sympathy cards)","Vol. 92: 1900-1903 (Scrapbooks of illustrations\n and newspaper photographs) Vol. 93: 1900-1904\n (Scrapbook of poetry: Uriah Cummings) Vol. 94: 1901\n December-1910 March (Scrapbook of newspaper clippings,\n stories, letters of Uriah Cummings)","\"New York--A Rockefeller's prints go on record --\n Attorney General Cummings, in Washington, urges\n public support.\"","\"Dallas -- 22 nabbed by U.S. agents for aiding\n southwest desperado Clyde Barrow, slain in gunfight\n last May.\"","\"New York -- Gangster income from policy racket\n shown to be 200 million yearly! Sensational expose\n uncovers nation-wide scandal.\"","[Ceremony establishing a \"Univesity of Crime\"]","\"Washington -- President at dedication of\n Department's new $11,000,000 home! Attorney General\n Cummings and S[cott] M[arion] Loftin, Bar Association\n Head, Speak.\"","Installation of Edward A. Hayes as Commander of\n the American Legion"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \n \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.library.virginia.edu/policies/use-of-materials\"\u003e\n University of Virginia Library’s use policy.\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["See the \n \n University of Virginia Library’s use policy."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2709,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T12:43:15.989Z","arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eGENERAL BACKGROUND\u003c/title\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe papers arrived at the library largely in folders\n with Cummings' original headings, and in rough chronological\n order. There was a general correspondence file marked \"A.G.\n (Attorney General) Personal,\" with Cummings' correspondence\n and papers for his years as attorney general and beyond, and\n clusters of papers concerning other aspects of his career.\n Cummings' folder headings have been retained, and the folders\n have been groupd in several broad categories, and then\n arranged either chronologically or alphabetically. See the\n specific descriptions below for details. The material within\n each folder is in chronological order. Following is the list\n of the series: \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eI. Family Papers, ca. 1890-1956 (Boxes 1-43) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eII. Political Papers to 1933, 1899-1933 (Boxes 44-68) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIII. Correspondence of the Attorney General and\n post-Attorney General, 1933-1956 (Boxes 69-207) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIV. Speeches, 1886-1950 and Articles, 1918-1945 (Boxes\n 207-233) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eV. Diaries, 1919-1956, Literary Papers, ca. 1750-1953,\n (Boxes 234-255 and Source Files) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953, and Legal\n Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956) (Boxes 256-258) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVII. Miscellaneous Papers, 1892-1953 (Boxes 259-263) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eVIII. Photographs, 1870-1953, Daguerreotypes and\n Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870 (Boxes 264-280) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIX. Newspaper Clippings, 1888-1955 (Boxes 281-283) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eX. Engravings of United States Attorney Generals (in\n prints file) \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXI. Scrapbooks, 1896-1956 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXII. Memorabilia \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIII. Index Files, ca. 1850-1938 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIV. Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXV. Legal Case Files (Post-Attorney General Years), ca.\n 1939-1956 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVI. Certificates, 1887-1947 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVII. Political Cartoons, 1933-1945 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXVIII. Miscellaneous Items, 1792-1950 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXIX. Motion Picture Films \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXX. Cased Photographs, ca. 1850- 1870 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eXXI. Phonograph Recordings, 1920- 1953 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDESCRIPTION OF SERIES\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"bold\" href=\"\"\u003eSeries I: Family Papers\u003c/title\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series consists of general personal correspondence\n and papers of Cummings; his mother, Audie S. Cummings; his\n four wives: Helen W. Smith Cummings, Marguerite T. Owings\n Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, Julia M. Alter\n Cummings; and his son Dickinson Schuyler Cummings. Much of the\n material is of a financial nature. Cummings' own papers are\n place first, followed by the other family members in\n alphabetical order by first name. The papers of each are\n arranged by topic, and chronologically therein. The items\n within each folder are in chronological order. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eHomer S. Cummings Papers, ca.\n 1890-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: This group includes correspondence re:\n personal affairs, business, investments, taxes, and the Homer\n S. Cummings Golf Tournament. There are also miscellaneous\n notebooks, travel diaries, and Christmas cards. The general\n correspondence is place first, followed by the Golf Tournament\n correspondence and miscellaneous items. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eAudie S. Cummings, Papers,\n 1921-1925\u003c/emph\u003e: This group of correspondence and papers of\n Cummings relates to Audie S. Cummings' (1846-1924) estate. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e3. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMay Cecilia Waterbury Cummings (4\n November 1898-9 August 1939) Papers, 1909-1955\u003c/emph\u003e: Letters\n of Cecilia Cummings, and correspondence and papers relating to\n her estate and other financial affairs, comprise this group. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e4. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eDickinson S. Cummings (17 June\n 1898-10 October 1953) Papers, 1905- 1953\u003c/emph\u003e: This\n correspondence principally concerns the estate of Dickinson S.\n Cummings, but there is a little correspondence between father\n and son. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e5. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eHelen W. Smith Cummings (11 December\n 1864-13 October 1954) Papers, 1909- 1955\u003c/emph\u003e: This material\n relates to the divorce of Cummings and Helen W. Smith\n Cummings, and to her estate. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e6. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eJulia M. Alter Cummings (1906-13\n February 1955) Papers, 1936-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: This papers include\n correspondence between Cummings and Julia, letters of\n congratulations on their marriage, and condolences on her\n death. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e7. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMarguerite T. Owings Cummings\n (1878-??) Papers, 1909-1955\u003c/emph\u003e: Most of these papers\n concern the divorce of Cummings and Marguerite, and her\n estate, and include some correspondence between them. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: Political Papers to 1933,\n 1899-1933\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series includes correspondence and papers on the\n following topics: politics in general, Connecticut politics in\n particular, the Connecticut Women Suffrage Association, and\n the Democratic Town Committee. Cummings' service on the\n Democratic National Committee is amply documented by letters\n concerning strategy, finance, publicity, campaigns, the\n Speakers' Bureau, women's suffrage, and prohibition. He\n corresponded with many political leaders and government\n officials including Newton D. Baker, Josephus Daniels, Carter\n Glass, H.T. Gregory, Edwin M. House, Cordell Hull, W.D.\n Jamieson, William G. Madoo, Vance C. McCormick, J.C.\n McReynolds, and Henry Morgenthau. There is later\n correspondence, ca. 1931-1932, relating to the presidential\n campaign of Franklin D. Roosevelt, with James A. Farley,\n George H. Combs, Louis Howe, Daniel C. Roper, and Frank C.\n Walker. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis group includes one box of Woodrow Wilson material,\n including correspondence between Wilson and Cummings, and a\n series of telegrams exchanged by the two when Cummings was\n serving as chairman of the Democratic National Convention in\n 1920. The correspondence principally relates to Democratic\n party affairs and the work of the National Committee. There is\n also a draft of a speech by Wilson, and a number of\n interesting and detailed memoranda written by Cummings about\n Wilson. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eIn addition to the political correspondence, there are\n papers relating to the Harold Israel case, and to the\n investigation of the Connecticut State Prison at Wethersfield\n in 1930. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe papers are arranged by topic, and the subject\n groupings are placed in a chronological sequence. The material\n within each folder is arranged chronologically. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Correspondence of the Attorney\n General and from the Post-Attorney General Period,\n 1933-1956\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis series consists of two groups of papers: 1) a\n general correspondence file and 2) miscellaneous papers. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eGeneral Correspondence File\u003c/emph\u003e:\n Cummings kept his general correspondence files, which was\n labeled \"A.G. Personal,\" when he left his post and continued\n to add to it until his death. It contained political,\n official, and personal correspondence and papers. The heading\n \"A.G. Personal\" has been retained. A number of folders with\n material that is similar in content, which may well have been\n part of the original file, have been labeled \"Correspondence\n of H.S.C.,\" and interfiled with the \"A.G. Personal\" folders.\n Some of the files relate to a specific individual, others to a\n topic. The folders have been placed in alphabetical order by\n subject, and the items within each folder in chronological\n order. For each letter of the alphabet, first there are\n several folders marked \"General,\" where correspondence was\n placed for individuals or topics that did not have a separate\n file of their own. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis correspondence relates to Cummings' service as\n attorney general, his active involvement in Democratic party\n politics, and general interest in national and international\n affairs. Cummings correspondence with a wide range of\n government officials, members of Congress, judges, Democratic\n leaders, personal friends, and associates. The letters cover\n such areas as Justice Department policy and administration,\n crime, judicial reform, the national political climate, New\n Deal legislation, and foreign affairs, with a focus on Latin\n America. The many persons with whom Cummings correspond\n include Alben Barkley, Benjamin N. Cardozo, Tom C. Clark,\n James A. Farley, David Fitzgerald, Felix Frankfurter, J. Edgar\n Hoover, Robert H. Jackson, Jesse Jones, William A. Julian,\n Brien McMahon, Harlan F. Stone, and Harry L. Truman. Cummings\n maintained files on many organizations, including the American\n Bar Association, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the\n National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.\n There are some interesting files on the Dominican Republic,\n including correspondence between Cummings and Generalissimo\n Trujillo. In addition to the political and official material,\n there are letters of a purely personal nature, largely\n pertaining to Cummings' social life. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe researcher is cautioned that the very rich\n correspondence in this group cuts across individual and\n topical areas. Material relating to J. Edgar Hoover, or\n judicial reform, for instance, is contained in many disparate\n folders. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eOf particular interest is correspondence between\n Cummings and Roosevelt, 1917-1945, which has been placed at\n the end of the first group in the series. The principal topic\n is Democratic party politics, with a focus on Roosevelt's\n political career. The letters also touch on Justice Department\n policy, pending legislation, legal cases, and appointments.\n There is some material here on the court-packing struggle, but\n the researcher is referred as well to the judicial\n reorganization papers in the miscellaneous section of this\n series. Some correspondence of a personal or social nature,\n including invitations and thank-you notes, is contained here,\n as are a few Roosevelt speeches. Finally there are several\n letters from Roosevelt to Cecilia Cummings and a few written\n by Eleanor Roosevelt to Cummings. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe \"White House\" Folders under \"Correspondence with\n Government Agencies,\" in the Miscellaneous section of this\n series also contain correspondence between Cummings and\n Roosevelt. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eMiscellaneous Papers\u003c/emph\u003e. This is\n an additional group of correspondence, papers, and other items\n generated by Cummings' service as attorney general. The papers\n are arranged alphabetically by topic, and within each topic\n chronologically. The items in each folder are in chronological\n order: \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ea) Cummings' calendar of daily appointments, 1933-1938 \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eb) Correspondence of the attorney general with various\n government agencies, 1933-1938: In his official capacity as\n attorney general, Cummings corresponded with staff members of\n other government agencies about matters of mutual concern. Of\n chief interest here is the correspondence with the White\n House, primarily concerning Justice Department affairs.\n Cummings corresponded with Roosevelt, his assistants, and\n secretaries. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ec) Department of Justice Papers, 1933-1938: (1) Case\n Files: These legal case files are arranged by their designated\n number; (2) \"Unclassified\" Circulars: These departmental\n circulars were directed mainly to U.S. attorneys, clerks of\n U.S. district courts, and U.S. marshals. They are in\n chronological order; (3) Circulars, Press Releases, and\n Papers: The items have been grouped by topic, such as crime\n suppression, and war risk legislation, and arranged\n alphabetically; (4) Memoranda: Memoranda to and from Cummings\n with various divisions of the Justice Department, such as the\n FBI, the pardon attorney, and subordinates such as Ugo Carusi\n and Alexander Holtzoff, are found here. They are arranged\n alphabetically. Of special interest are the F.B.I. memoranda,\n between Cummings, J. Edgar Hoover, and their assistants. A\n number of Hoover speeches are located in this sections; (5)\n Miscellaneous Items, 1933-1939: A few lists, notes, and other\n papers have been placed at the end of this group. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ed) Supreme Court Papers: This important group covers the\n gold cases which Cummings argued before the Supreme Court, and\n the controversial Judicial Reorganization (court-packing)\n Plan. (1) Gold Cases, 1933-1938: Correspondence, papers, and\n printed material are included, and are chronologically; (2)\n Judicial Reorganization, ca. 1787- 1952: [a] rough drafts of\n the plan; [b] correspondence and memoranda are grouped by\n subject, and arranged in a chronological sequence; [c]\n hearings are arranged chronologically; [d] speeches are\n arranged chronologically; [e] research material, including\n lists, graphs, notes on historical precedents of the plan, and\n printed material, in that order, chronologically; [f]\n newspaper clippings are in chronological order. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Speeches and Articles\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eSpeeches, 1886-1950\u003c/emph\u003e: This\n series includes speeches by Cummings, speech research\n material, and related correspondence. They reflect his\n interest in law and politics and the progress of his career,\n and can be divided into four distinct periods. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe speeches from 1886-1916, delivered at a variety of\n civic and fraternal politics, bimetallism, and Robert Burns,\n and evidence young Cummings' growing political maturity. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSpeeches for 1916- 1932 include politics, America's role\n in international affairs, and the World Court. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA number of national campaign speeches, 1932-1938,\n including Cummings' address seconding the nomination of\n Roosevelt at the Democratic National convention in 1936, are\n contained here. Attorney General Cummings delivered many\n speeches about crime control and the administration of\n criminal justice, specifically on firearms control and police\n training procedures. There are a number of addresses on\n judicial reorganization. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA few speeches, 1938-1948, regarding the war effort and\n public service, round out this group. The collection includes\n some speech research material, 1914-1953, such as newspaper\n and magazine clippings. Finally, there are a number of\n speeches by other individuals, and quite a few by members of\n the Justice Department on crime suppression, the New Deal, and\n the presidential campaign of 1936. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFollowing Cummings' own arrangement, his speeches are\n divided into two groups which are in chronological order by\n date of delivery. The first group is a \"pure\" speech file, and\n contains all his speeches for the years 1886-1948, the second\n group has speeches for the years 1926, 1933-1938, 1950, paired\n with related correspondence, usually letters in praise of the\n topic and delivery requesting copies. The research should note\n that the second series is not complete even for its year\n range, but that it does contain many of the corrected drafts\n of the addresses. The material is arranged as follows: (a)\n \"Pure\" Speech File, arranged chronologically; (b) speech file\n with related correspondence, arranged chronologically; (c)\n speech research material, arranged chronologically; (d)\n speeches by other individuals, arranged alphabetically by last\n name; (e) speeches by members of the Justice Department,\n arranged chronologically; (f) speeches by members of the\n Justice Department re: crime suppression, arranged\n chronologically. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eArticles, 1918-1945\u003c/emph\u003e: Cummings'\n articles are largely about crime and the penal system, though\n there are a few about the world court and the mission of\n democracy. They are arranged chronologically. There are a\n number of articles about Cummings, 1934-1940, all of which are\n comments upon and evaluations of Cummings as attorney general.\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V. Literary Papers\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e1. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eDiaries, 1919-1956\u003c/emph\u003e: Cummings\n kept a \"Personal and Political Diary\" from 1919-1946, in which\n he discussed his political and official activities including\n meetings and trips. These diaries offer an insider's view of\n Democratic politics and government, especially during the\n Roosevelt administration. Cummings also discusses personal and\n family matters, and social engagement. From 1947 to 1956,\n Cummings labeled his diaries \"personal\" only, but these\n contain many political references as well. There is also a\n travel diary and play about a trip to Hawaii, a housekeeping\n diary, and a medical diary. Appointment books for 1926\n (1931-1955) round out this group. The material is arranged in\n the following order: (a) Personal and political diaries,\n travel diary, and housekeeping diary, arranged\n chronologically; (b) appointment books, arranged\n chronologically; (c) medical diary. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e2. \n \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eLiterary Papers, 1750-1953\u003c/emph\u003e:\n This group of papers relating to the publication of Cummings'\n books in chronological order. There are book reviews of\n Liberty Under Law and Administration, 1934-1935. For Federal\n Justice, on which Cummings collaborated with Carl McFarland,\n there are many source files with abstracts of legal briefs and\n historical data, ca. 1750-1938, notes, memoranda, drafts,\n correspondence, and book reviews, 1936-1937. There are drafts\n of The Biography of a Department, 1938, and correspondence\n regarding The Selected Letters of Homer S. Cummings,\n 1938-1941, edited by Carl Brent Swisher. There is also\n research material for projected books on the Lands Division of\n the Justice Department, 1828-1953, and on military law,\n 1804-1839. Cummings may well have worked with McFarland again\n on these last two projects. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTwo card indexes, listed by subject, contain acts about\n the duties and powers of the attorney general. A card index to\n Cummings' own library completes the literary papers. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe twenty-six diaries, 1919-1926, of Homer Stille\n Cummings document a long career of public service and offer an\n insider's perspective on politics and government during years\n of great change in American life. By virtue of his position on\n the Democratic National committee, and as attorney general in\n the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Cummings\n participated in historic events and associated with many other\n powerful people. As his role in the famous court-packing\n struggle indicated, his legal expertise made him a very\n important member of the Roosevelt cabinet. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eAll but the first volume of the diaries pertain to the\n period 1932-1956, and the most substantive are those for the\n years 1932- 1939. Cummings labeled the diaries and \"Personal\n and Political,\" though there is very little personal material\n before 1939. He recorded his daily activities - meetings,\n conferences, official duties, speeches, telephone\n conversations, and social events - and occasionally wrote in a\n contemplative or analytical vein. The entries range from the\n schematic to the highly detailed. Extremely loyal to both\n Woodrow Wilson and Roosevelt, he described meetings with them\n very thoroughly, sometimes quoting them verbatim. Reflecting\n Cummigns' unique personality and strong sense of public\n service, these diaries are a valuable source for the study of\n an important but neglected figure. Researchers interested in\n Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal, and the Democratic party\n would find them very useful. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe earliest dated diary (1919 April-1928 November)\n principally describes Cummings' travels around the country on\n behalf of the Democratic National Committee prior to the\n election of 192. There are no entries for the period 1921\n April through 1923, very few for 1924 October-November, none\n for 1925-192, and a few for 1928 October- November. Some\n sections of the diary are written in the third person,\n probably by Cummings' secretary, Charles F. McGuire. The\n entries are, in the main, brief and factual in nature,\n recording Cummings' itinerary, speeches, meetings, and related\n organizational matters; there is very little analysis.\n Cummings did write at length about several interviews with\n Wilson, in which the two men discussed party politics, the\n Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, the campaign\n and the election of 1920. At two points in the diary, Cummings\n refers to other memoranda, which have been pulled from the\n body of his papers and inserted in the appropriate places. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe diaries for the years 1932-1938 are much more\n substantial than the first volume. Except for the second\n volume (1932 January-1933 April 7) the volumes cover a\n calendar year, and include, at the end, the attorney general's\n calendar of daily appointments. The diaries document Cummings'\n active involvement in Roosevelt's campaign for the presidency\n in 1932; Cummings conferred extensively with Democratic\n leaders including David Fitzgerald, Edwin M. House, Louis\n Howe, and Roosevelt about the political situation in various\n states, strategy, and the Democratic National convention. He\n devoted many pages to the process of selecting Roosevelt's\n cabinet, and described the transition between administrations.\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFrom the time he became attorney general, Cummings wrote\n extensively about his duties at the Justice Department,\n conferences with colleagues and associates, legislation, legal\n cases, appointments, testimony before Congressional\n committees, speeches, and trips. Specific areas of emphasis in\n the diaries included the judicial reorganization, or\n court-packing, plan, the gold bills, crime bills, tax cases,\n the N.R.A., and other \"alphabet agencies.\" Cummings carefully\n recorded the business transacted at Cabinet, Executive\n Council, and National Emergency Council meetings, which rant\n he whole gamut of New Deal concerns: unemployment, relief\n efforts, labor and agricultural unrest, fiscal policy,\n business trends, visits of foreign leaders, and international\n affairs. Cummings described the views and behavior of\n individuals present, especially the present, and expressed his\n own opinions. Possessed of a ready wit, Cummings often wrote\n about the jokes and humorous incidents that lightened\n potentially grim Cabinet meetings. He devoted many pages of\n the diaries to Roosevelt, describing their meetings, telephone\n conversations, and social occasions in the White House. They\n discussed politics, Justice Department matters, appointments,\n domestic affairs, and especially the Supreme Court\n controversy. Except for Roosevelt, Cummings did not stress\n other individuals in the diary to any great extent, though\n there are references to other persons, including Harold Ickes,\n Cordell Hull, Henry Wallace, Raymond Moley, and Henry\n Morgenthau. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eBesides administrative matters, Cummings also discussed\n strictly political subjects such as patronage, the Democratic\n National Convention of 1936, and the campaign of that year.\n The diaries indicate that he continued to be involved in\n Connecticut politics. By nature a very sociable man, he wrote\n about the numerous dinners, receptions, and cocktail parties,\n that he attended in an official and personal capacity, trips\n at home and abroad, and his annual golf tournaments at\n Pinehurst, North Carolina. Cummings also wrote a little about\n his wife Cecilia and son Dickinson S. Cummings. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eFollowing his retirement the cabinet in January 1939,\n Cummings devoted himself to his law practice and personal\n affairs. But he remained an interested observer of politics\n and government, describing various Democratic National\n Conventions, candidates, and elections. He was still\n especially interested in Connecticut politics, and wrote at\n length about the career of his friend Senator Brien McMahon.\n Cummings met, advised, and socialized with many of his former\n colleagues. The diaries also document his association with\n diplomats from the Dominican Republic, and a memorandum\n describing Cummings' visit to that country in 1946 has been\n inserted in the appropriate place. In addition to recording\n his activities in a schematic fashion, Cummings occasionally\n reminisced about past experiences. The diary for 1944 in\n particular contains several references to events in the years\n 1832-1937. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eVI. Law Firm Papers, 1909-1934, 1939-1953,\n and Legal Case Files, ca. 1915-1933 (1928-1956)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThis group consists of a few legal papers, mainly\n correspondence and documents, and many legal case files. They\n fall into two groups, the Cummings and Lockwood material,\n 1909-1934, and the Cummings and Stanley (later Cummings,\n Stanley, Truitt, and Cross) material, 1939-1953. Most of the\n correspondence is between the partners and relates to various\n cases and financial matters. The papers are grouped by subject\n and then arranged chronologically; the legal case files are\n arranged chronologically. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VII. Miscellaneous Papers,\n 1892-1953\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThere are a few miscellaneous papers, arranged as\n follows: (1) List of autographs of Cummings given out\n 1933-1939; (2) correspondence and papers regarding\n biographical information about Cummings, 1933-1953, arranged\n chronologically; (3) certificates, 1911-1956, arranged\n chronologically; (4) U.S. dollar bills and German bank notes;\n (5) programs, 1892-1950, arranged chronologically with bound\n volumes placed behind the folders; (6) souvenirs and\n mementoes, ca. 1922-1949; (7) first issue stamps, with related\n correspondence, 1934-1938. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VIII. Photographs, 1870-1953,\n Daguerreotypes and Ambrotypes, ca. 1850-1870\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eMany excellent photographs, of a personal and\n professional nature, are found in this collection. Of the\n approximately three thousand items, most date from the period\n of Cummings' active involvement in national political life,\n 1919-1939. The professional group of photographs contains\n portraits of Cummings himself, numerous autographed\n professional portraits of such persons as Edwin Alderman, Hugo\n Black, J. Edgar Hoover, Harry Hopkins, Charles Evan Hughes,\n Robert M. LaFollette, Jr., Eleanor Roosevelt, Franklin D.\n Roosevelt, George Bernard Shaw, Alfred Smith, Adlai Stevenson,\n Harry Truman, Gene Tunney, and Woodrow Wilson. There are many\n group pictures of Cummings at work with colleagues and with\n friends, 1919- 1953; and several formal portraits including\n the 1904 meeting of the Mayor's Association of Connecticut,\n and the 1912 Democratic National Executive Committee, and the\n U.S. Supreme Court in 1933. The group pictures of Cummings\n with his colleagues taken prior to 1933 consist largely of his\n activities at the Democratic National Conventions of 1920 and\n 1924. The 1933-1939 portion of the professional photographs\n show Cummings in a wide variety of activities in his capacity\n as attorney general, including: participation in national\n conferences and conventions, such as the 1936 Democratic\n National Convention; visits to prison facilities; and\n delivering speeches at occasions such as the 1936 Illinois\n State Fair and the graduation of the Ninth Session of the\n F.B.I. National Police Academy in 1938. There are several\n portraits of Roosevelt's cabinet. The 1940-1953 group of\n pictures includes shots from Pinehurst, North Carolina, golf\n tournaments, the 1944 and 1948 Democratic National Convention,\n and Cummings' visits with Dominican Republic President Raphael\n Trujillo and other Latin American diplomats in the late 1940s.\n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe personal photographs in the collection relate to the\n following subjects: parents and ancestors, including Cummings'\n mother, father grandmother, cousins, aunt, and uncle; Cummings\n as a child, dating from the late 1870s; his early\n acquaintances, including persons of the Buffalo Unitarian\n Church and Sunday school; friends and professors at Yale\n University; interior and exterior views of buildings,\n including the Chicago house where Cummings was born in 1870,\n his parents' estates at Ruthven, Akron, New York, and\n Cummings' own home in Stamford, Connecticut. Following the\n early family photographs are portraits of Cummings' wives,\n Helen Smith Cummings, May Cecilia Waterbury Cummings, and\n Julia M. Alter Cummings, and then a large number of\n photographs and postcards from the vacations which Cummings\n took from 1926 to 1945. Among the places he visited were\n Hawaii, Europe, Latin America, and the Mideast. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA final miscellaneous group of photographs includes\n undated photographs of architectural monuments, paintings, art\n work, scenes from South America, Great Britain, Pinehurst,\n North Carolina and elsewhere in the United States, and a large\n number of photographic negatives. Several photograph albums\n relate to Cummings' family, acquaintances, and buildings of\n his youth, his 1934 trip to Hawaii and the Rocky Mountains,\n his 1938 trip to Minoqua, Wisconsin, and drawings and\n photographs of prison facilities built in 1938 while Cummings\n was attorney general. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe photographs are divided into three parts. The first\n portion of the collection, comprising photographs from\n Cummings' professional life, contains, first, autographed\n professional portraits of Cummings' acquaintances,\n alphabetically arranged, second, professional portraits of\n Cummings, followed, third, by group pictures of Cummings and\n his colleagues, arranged chronologically. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe second portion of the collection, the personal\n photographs, is also chronologically arranged. These\n photographs are grouped in the following order: primarily late\n nineteenth century family photographs; photographs of family\n residences, 1870-1935; portraits of Cummings' wives; a\n chronologically arranged series of folders relating to\n Cummings' travels abroad and his leisure activities\n (especially from the period of his marriage to Julia\n Cummings); and miscellaneous undated photographs. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eThe final portion of the collection contains\n photographic negatives, followed in turn by artistic\n reproductions, original drawings and poems, and photograph\n albums. \n \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA few ambrotypes and daguerreotypes round out the\n collections. 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