{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subgroup\u0026page=20\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subgroup\u0026page=19\u0026view=compact","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subgroup\u0026page=21\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subgroup\u0026page=110\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":20,"next_page":21,"prev_page":19,"total_pages":110,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":190,"total_count":1097,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c02_c04","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"England","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c02_c04"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Charles Goodsell Collection","Series I: Photographs","Subseries B: International structures and spaces"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Charles Goodsell Collection","Series I: Photographs","Subseries B: International structures and spaces"],"text":["Charles Goodsell Collection","Series I: Photographs","Subseries B: International structures and spaces","England"],"title_filing_ssi":"England","title_ssm":["England"],"title_tesim":["England"],"normalized_title_ssm":["England"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Goodsell Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":282,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:08:26.469Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2270.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Goodsell, Charles, Collection","title_ssm":["Charles Goodsell Collection"],"title_tesim":["Charles Goodsell Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1982-2001"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1982-2001"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2004.012"],"text":["Ms.2004.012","Charles Goodsell Collection","Faculty and staff","University History","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged in the following three series: ","Series I: Photographs. This series, containing photographs taken by Goodsell for use in his books, has been divided into two subseries: ","Subseries a: United States. The images in this subseries concern state capitol buildings, city halls, and municipal buildings within the United States. The folders within the subseries are arranged alphabetically by state name. For states which contain too many images to fit in one folder, the images have been divided among the following subcategories: state capitol exteriors, state capitol interiors, city halls, other government buildings and finally miscellaneous subjects. ","Subseries b: International Structures and Spaces. These photographs of landmarks and municipal buildings in Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, Canada, France, England, Italy and the United States are arranged alphabetically by name of country. ","Series II: Negatives. Located here are negatives for the photographs found in Series I. Like the images in Series I, the negatives are arranged alphabetically by state name. This series, however, has not been divided into subseries; the negatives for International Structures and Spaces are found at the end of the series. Some photographs in Series I are not represented by a corresponding negative in this series. ","Series III: Published Works. This series contains copies of Goodsell's works  The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture  and  The American Statehouse . ","Charles True Goodsell, professor emeritus and former director of the Center for Public Policy and Administration at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The son of Charles T. and Francess Comee Goodsell, he earned a bachelor's degree at Kalamazoo College. After serving in the U. S. Army from 1954 to 1956, he obtained master's and doctoral degrees at Harvard University. ","In 1961, Goodsell became an assistant professor of public administration at the University of Puerto Rico; he was a research associate at Princeton University from 1964 until 1966, when he became a professor of political science at Southern Illinois University. Goodsell joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 1978 as a professor of public administration and public affairs and served as director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Policy. ","Goodsell's numerous publications range beyond political science and public administration into the fields of architecture, economics, history, sociology, and Latin American studies. He is the author of  The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture ;  The American Statehouse: Interpreting Democracy's Temples ;  The Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic ;  American Corporations and Peruvian Politics ; and  Administration of a Revolution: Executive Reform in Puerto Rico under Governor Tugwell, 1941-1946  and many articles published in scholarly journals, as well as the editor of  The Public Encounter: Where State and Citizen Meet . He is a member of the American Political Science Association, the American Society for Public Administration, the Midwest Political Science Association, and the Southern Political Science Association. Recipient of the Dwight Waldo award for outstanding lifetime contributions to the literature of public administration, Dr. Goodsell retired in 2002. ","The guide to the Charles Goodsell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles Goodsell Collection commenced in August 2004 and was completed in April 2005.","This collection contains the photographs of Charles T. Goodsell, a professor of public administration and public affairs at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Public Policy. ","The photographs in this collection were produced during Goodsell's work on two of his books:  The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture  and  The American Statehouse . The images and published works, which examine the interplay of architecture and politics in the state capitols, city halls and municipal buildings of the United States, are of value to students and professionals in history, architecture and political science. Using analysis and photographs of exteriors and interiors, Goodsell demonstrates how the architectural elements embody political values and ideas. ","In addition to the photographs of public buildings in the United States, the collection also includes images of municipal buildings and landmarks in Australia, England, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy and New Zealand. The collection also contains negatives for the above-described photographs, as well as published copies of the two books. ","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes photographs and negatives of public buildings--mostly within the United States--produced by Charles Goodsell for use in two of his books,  The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture  and  The American Statehouse . Also includes published copies of the books.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Goodsell, Charles","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2004.012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Charles Goodsell Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Charles Goodsell Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Charles Goodsell Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Goodsell, Charles"],"creator_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles"],"creators_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Charles Goodsell Collection was donated to the Special Collections in 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6 Cubic Feet 24 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6 Cubic Feet 24 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/380\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/va/fac/goods/us\"\u003eSome of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/va/fac/goods/inter\"\u003eSome of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online.","Some of this subseries has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in the following three series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Photographs. This series, containing photographs taken by Goodsell for use in his books, has been divided into two subseries: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries a: United States. The images in this subseries concern state capitol buildings, city halls, and municipal buildings within the United States. The folders within the subseries are arranged alphabetically by state name. For states which contain too many images to fit in one folder, the images have been divided among the following subcategories: state capitol exteriors, state capitol interiors, city halls, other government buildings and finally miscellaneous subjects. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries b: International Structures and Spaces. These photographs of landmarks and municipal buildings in Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, Canada, France, England, Italy and the United States are arranged alphabetically by name of country. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Negatives. Located here are negatives for the photographs found in Series I. Like the images in Series I, the negatives are arranged alphabetically by state name. This series, however, has not been divided into subseries; the negatives for International Structures and Spaces are found at the end of the series. Some photographs in Series I are not represented by a corresponding negative in this series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Published Works. This series contains copies of Goodsell's works \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in the following three series: ","Series I: Photographs. This series, containing photographs taken by Goodsell for use in his books, has been divided into two subseries: ","Subseries a: United States. The images in this subseries concern state capitol buildings, city halls, and municipal buildings within the United States. The folders within the subseries are arranged alphabetically by state name. For states which contain too many images to fit in one folder, the images have been divided among the following subcategories: state capitol exteriors, state capitol interiors, city halls, other government buildings and finally miscellaneous subjects. ","Subseries b: International Structures and Spaces. These photographs of landmarks and municipal buildings in Australia, New Zealand, Belgium, Canada, France, England, Italy and the United States are arranged alphabetically by name of country. ","Series II: Negatives. Located here are negatives for the photographs found in Series I. Like the images in Series I, the negatives are arranged alphabetically by state name. This series, however, has not been divided into subseries; the negatives for International Structures and Spaces are found at the end of the series. Some photographs in Series I are not represented by a corresponding negative in this series. ","Series III: Published Works. This series contains copies of Goodsell's works  The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture  and  The American Statehouse . "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles True Goodsell, professor emeritus and former director of the Center for Public Policy and Administration at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The son of Charles T. and Francess Comee Goodsell, he earned a bachelor's degree at Kalamazoo College. After serving in the U. S. Army from 1954 to 1956, he obtained master's and doctoral degrees at Harvard University. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1961, Goodsell became an assistant professor of public administration at the University of Puerto Rico; he was a research associate at Princeton University from 1964 until 1966, when he became a professor of political science at Southern Illinois University. Goodsell joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 1978 as a professor of public administration and public affairs and served as director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Policy. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGoodsell's numerous publications range beyond political science and public administration into the fields of architecture, economics, history, sociology, and Latin American studies. He is the author of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse: Interpreting Democracy's Temples\u003c/title\u003e; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic\u003c/title\u003e; \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAmerican Corporations and Peruvian Politics\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAdministration of a Revolution: Executive Reform in Puerto Rico under Governor Tugwell, 1941-1946\u003c/title\u003e and many articles published in scholarly journals, as well as the editor of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Public Encounter: Where State and Citizen Meet\u003c/title\u003e. He is a member of the American Political Science Association, the American Society for Public Administration, the Midwest Political Science Association, and the Southern Political Science Association. Recipient of the Dwight Waldo award for outstanding lifetime contributions to the literature of public administration, Dr. Goodsell retired in 2002. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles True Goodsell, professor emeritus and former director of the Center for Public Policy and Administration at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan. The son of Charles T. and Francess Comee Goodsell, he earned a bachelor's degree at Kalamazoo College. After serving in the U. S. Army from 1954 to 1956, he obtained master's and doctoral degrees at Harvard University. ","In 1961, Goodsell became an assistant professor of public administration at the University of Puerto Rico; he was a research associate at Princeton University from 1964 until 1966, when he became a professor of political science at Southern Illinois University. Goodsell joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 1978 as a professor of public administration and public affairs and served as director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Policy. ","Goodsell's numerous publications range beyond political science and public administration into the fields of architecture, economics, history, sociology, and Latin American studies. He is the author of  The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture ;  The American Statehouse: Interpreting Democracy's Temples ;  The Case for Bureaucracy: A Public Administration Polemic ;  American Corporations and Peruvian Politics ; and  Administration of a Revolution: Executive Reform in Puerto Rico under Governor Tugwell, 1941-1946  and many articles published in scholarly journals, as well as the editor of  The Public Encounter: Where State and Citizen Meet . He is a member of the American Political Science Association, the American Society for Public Administration, the Midwest Political Science Association, and the Southern Political Science Association. Recipient of the Dwight Waldo award for outstanding lifetime contributions to the literature of public administration, Dr. Goodsell retired in 2002. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Charles Goodsell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Charles Goodsell Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles Goodsell Collection, Ms2004-012, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Charles Goodsell Collection, Ms2004-012, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles Goodsell Collection commenced in August 2004 and was completed in April 2005.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Charles Goodsell Collection commenced in August 2004 and was completed in April 2005."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the photographs of Charles T. Goodsell, a professor of public administration and public affairs at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Public Policy. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe photographs in this collection were produced during Goodsell's work on two of his books: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse\u003c/title\u003e. The images and published works, which examine the interplay of architecture and politics in the state capitols, city halls and municipal buildings of the United States, are of value to students and professionals in history, architecture and political science. Using analysis and photographs of exteriors and interiors, Goodsell demonstrates how the architectural elements embody political values and ideas. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the photographs of public buildings in the United States, the collection also includes images of municipal buildings and landmarks in Australia, England, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy and New Zealand. The collection also contains negatives for the above-described photographs, as well as published copies of the two books. \u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the photographs of Charles T. Goodsell, a professor of public administration and public affairs at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and director of the university's Center for Public Administration and Public Policy. ","The photographs in this collection were produced during Goodsell's work on two of his books:  The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture  and  The American Statehouse . The images and published works, which examine the interplay of architecture and politics in the state capitols, city halls and municipal buildings of the United States, are of value to students and professionals in history, architecture and political science. Using analysis and photographs of exteriors and interiors, Goodsell demonstrates how the architectural elements embody political values and ideas. ","In addition to the photographs of public buildings in the United States, the collection also includes images of municipal buildings and landmarks in Australia, England, Belgium, Canada, France, Italy and New Zealand. The collection also contains negatives for the above-described photographs, as well as published copies of the two books. "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ab1d0a6718e119f610be120ad3402424\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes photographs and negatives of public buildings--mostly within the United States--produced by Charles Goodsell for use in two of his books, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Statehouse\u003c/title\u003e. Also includes published copies of the books.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes photographs and negatives of public buildings--mostly within the United States--produced by Charles Goodsell for use in two of his books,  The Social Meaning of Civic Space: Studying Political Authority through Architecture  and  The American Statehouse . Also includes published copies of the books."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Goodsell, Charles"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Goodsell, Charles"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":488,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:08:26.469Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2270_c01_c02_c04"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22_c03","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Ephemera","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22_c03","ref_ssm":["vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22_c03"],"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22_c03","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","parent_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","parent_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"text":["Lily Laughton Papers","Ephemera","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","English .","Memorabilia, cards, invitations, programs, etc."],"title_filing_ssi":"Ephemera","title_ssm":["Ephemera"],"title_tesim":["Ephemera"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ephemera"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"collection_ssim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"creator_ssim":["Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":8,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":214,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"names_ssim":["Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891"],"persname_ssim":["Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891"],"language_ssim":["English ."],"materialspec_html_tesm":["\u003cmaterialspec id=\"aspace_145a83c35219e678eef9eaa299a30ebc\"\u003eMemorabilia, cards, invitations, programs, etc.\u003c/materialspec\u003e"],"materialspec_tesim":["Memorabilia, cards, invitations, programs, etc."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_2_resources_22.xml","title_ssm":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"title_tesim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1850-1891"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1850-1891"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.576","/repositories/2/resources/22"],"text":["RM.576","/repositories/2/resources/22","Lily Laughton Papers","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Some items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll36","The Papers of Lily M.B. Laughton are divided into two series and three subseries. Ephemera, printed material, and photographs are described at the end of the contents list. All series are arranged chronologically then alphabetically.\nSeries 1. Correspondence","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton","Subseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton","Subseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\nSeries 2. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association and personal papers","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\nSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\nSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other","Chronological","Chronological","Lily Macalester was born on July 29, 1832 to Philadelphia businessman and financier, Charles Macalester, and his wife, Eliza Lytle. Ann Pamela Cunningham, the Founder and First Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, met Macalester while in Philadelphia receiving medical treatment and later appointed her the Vice Regent of Pennsylvania. Macalester married Alfred Berghmans in 1861 and the couple had one daughter, Camille. When her husband died in 1874, Mrs. Berghmans remained a widow for three years then married John Scott Laughton of Philadelphia. The couple moved to Algeria in an attempt to better Mr. Laughton's health, however, he died a few months later in January 1878. ","Mrs. Laughton, a popular and well-connected woman, was an extremely successful fundraiser for the MVLA. Her home state of Pennsylvania ranked fifth among state contributions for the Association. A generous donor herself, Laughton dutifully sought Washington-related artifacts at auctions and donated many valuable items to Mount Vernon. Ann Pamela Cunningham personally selected Laughton as her successor and she was unanimously appointed Regent in 1874. Laughton's daughter, Camille, married Spanish nobleman, Jose de Pedroso in 1887. After returning from a trip to Spain to visit a newborn grandchild, Mrs. Laughton died suddenly in December 1891. ","Photography by Lamson, Portland, Maine","Photography by Sarony's Imperial Portraits, New York","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","M.P. Rice and A.I. Rice, photographers Washington, D.C. No. of negative 4889","Brady (Mathew Brady) photographer, Washington, D.C.","Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Minutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the Council, Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","The bulk of this collection is correspondence to Mrs. Laughton concerning Mount Vernon and the work of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Other material includes correspondence from Mrs. Laughton, formal reports and papers of the MVLA, personal correspondence and memoirs, photographs, printed material, and ephemera. The overall dates range from 1850 to 1891 with the bulk of the collection dating from the 1860s-1880s.","This collection contains correspondence from a significant number of members of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association including:","•\tAnn Pamela Cunningham\n•\tChristie Johnson – Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham\n•\tVice Regents – Margaret Sweat, Susan Hudson, Nancy Halsted, Margaret Comegys, Letitia Walker, Emily Harper, Martha Mitchell, Magdalen Blanding, Abby Chace, Hannah Farnsworth, Ella B. Washington","Other notable correspondents represented in the collection:\n•\tHarriet R. Lane Johnston – First Lady of the United States during the administration of her uncle, President James Buchanan, married Henry Elliott Johnston from Baltimore\n•\tSelina Pauncefote – Wife of the British Ambassador to the United States, Julian Pauncefote\n•\tEdward Everett – U.S. Congressman, Governor of Massachusetts, orator, pastor\n•\tJohn J. Jacob – Governor of West Virginia\n•\tGilbert S. Meem – Brigadier General for the Confederate States of America, Virginia State Congressman, U.S. Postmaster General\n•\tJames L. Kemper – General for the Confederate States of America, Governor of Virginia\n•\tGeorge Riggs – American businessman and banker\n•\tMontgomery C. Meigs – Quartermaster General of the United States Army, engineer\n•\tThomas F. Bayard – Secretary of State, U.S. Senator from Delaware \n•\tFlora Payne Whitney – Heiress, socialite, philanthropist, daughter of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney","Letters mostly concern catching up on personal news, wishing her well, and plans for visiting.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton concerning her recent visit with Mrs. Laughton's daughter and son-in-law, Camille and Jose de Pedroso.ca. 1890","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester, concerning mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Lily Macalester's future husband Alfred Berghmans.","Refers to her sad news and that she cannot give dinner parties at present. Sends best regards.","Thanks her for a lovely visit. Misses her. Catches her up on the health of Mr. Sweat.","Has collected the $50 as directed to the Vice Regents by Council and will send it on. Tells her about the recovery to health (over 5 months) of a woman staying with her. Misses her a lot.","Talks about affairs at Mount Vernon going very badly. Various Vice Regents want the Council to get together soon. She'll be in Washington for Congress.","Discusses members of the Advisory Board, particularly Mr. Halsted, with whom she has had several disagreements.","Mostly concerning Mount Vernon business, mentions Mrs. Halsted and Mrs. Mitchell.","Fragment of a letter from an unknown Vice Regent. Discusses Miss Cunningham's illness and resignation.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her recent trip to the country and several of their mutual acquaintances, April 9, 1850. Also, letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning their mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan, May 27, 1850","The correspondence begins July 14, 1854 and continues until 1860, the year Lily's engagement to Berghmans was announced. Woodbury was a N.H. and Boston lawyer, son of noted jurist Levi W. (b. 1791). He was about 15 years Lily's senior. He courted her and proposed marriage in 1854. Was refused. His letters are generally witty, occasionally referring to the rejected lover. Alludes to mutual friends, politics, travels, practice of law, society in Boston, Newport, D.C., Philadelphia.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her trip abroad to the Isle of Wight in England. Includes a mention Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester concerning election day 1856 and the campaign of her uncle, President James Buchanan, along with information on mutual acquaintances and friends.","Has to leave home for a few days. Is sure Miss Lane is taking great care of her.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning the latter's visit to Washington, D.C.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning details of the visit of Charles Macalester to Washington, D.C. as well as various stories of mutual friends and acquaintances.","Is looking forward to hearing her play music that evening and is sending her little boy to fetch it.","Discusses the duties of the Vice Regent and the importance of \"character and judgment of those selected to this important office.\" Wants to meet with him to talk more.","Wishes her to become Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and to ensure that Mount Vernon and the goals of the Association become known there.","Sending papers pertaining to her appointment as Vice Regent for Pennsylvania. \"The object of the Association is to secure perpetual guardianship for Mt. Vernon, that it may be kept national property sacred for all time, to the memory of the Father of our Country.\" The most important duty is to collect money from her state to pay for the estate. Names of each contributor is to be sent to the regent and published in a newspaper. Discusses the Mount Vernon Record publication.","Requests a report sent by the 15th of each month with an account of activities. Discusses the sale of portraits of Washington, done by artists in Philadelphia.","Thanks her for agreeing to be Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and wishes her much success in her endeavors.","Sending credentials to her and a circular used by another Vice Regent that might be useful.","Sends her a slip from a New York newspaper about a reception there. Wants it returned as she's saving it for future generations. Also tells her that another payment was made on Mount Vernon. Reminds her that the contents of the letter are private.","Sends a list of donors and a check. Appointed a Lady Manager for another county and wonders about one other's appointment. Her mother is quite ill which is impeding her work for Mount Vernon.","Letter is about the construction of a new wharf at Mount Vernon, due to the unsafe condition of the present one. Mr. Washington had said that all money from the steam boat company should go to the Association from the signing of the contract. General Meigs was consulted and chose the $2800 contract. Needs the approval of the Vice Regent.","Letter encloses two articles from constitution of Association about necessity of having a meeting of the General Council every year after the sale. Therefore a meeting is called for December 31 of this year, but it will not occur as the only real necessity is the raising of funds to pay off the debt.","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester concerning mutual friends and acquaintances.","Personal letter about various people, including Mr. Bergmans (sic). Is writing on behalf of Harriet Lane who was too busy to respond herself. Wants her to visit soon.","Congratulates her on upcoming wedding and hopes to be able to attend. Also hopeful for continued success of the Mount Vernon cause. Has been giving talks on its behalf.","Thanks her for invitation to wedding which she will attend. However, Becky will be unable to be there.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester Berghmans announcing her engagement to Henry Johnston of Baltimore and updating Mrs. Berghmans on news of family and friends.","Complains of Regent's actions on many occasions. Has sent around a letter about it to other Vice Regents.","Complains of Regent's actions. Wants reply from Laughton to previous letter. Accuses Regent of using Association money for private use.","Complains of Regent's  behavior in and around the mansion when visitors are present. Wants her removed. Discusses appeal to Masonic Lodges. Says Regent can never return to reside at Mount Vernon.","Is unable to supply a report at this time. Concerned about Regent's report. Wishes she lived closer to Laughton.","Expresses condolences on death of her daughter. More complaints about the Regent. Discusses approach to Masons. Regent must sign Col. Hollingsworth's commission. Regent has been abusing Vice Regents.","Says he has a collection of manuscript letters and other personal relics of Washington, but he does not want to sell them. Instead he proposes the Association take over the note on some property of his that is under foreclosure notice.","Note of sympathy and wanting to hear from her.","Discusses upcoming Council meeting and decision making. Also sending condolences for her loss.","Offers her assistance if needed as Laughton functions as regent pro tem.","Writing to her as Regent. Knows she's working hard to clean up the mess left over the past few years. More complaints about Miss C. Need to fill vacancies. Discusses attempts to balance the books.","Miss Cunningham will resign as her health does not permit her to continue. The charges of malfeasance were found untrue. She will try to write as soon as she can and is considering various locations to move to.","Encloses a letter from Judge Thomas. Wonders about Virginia funding the furnishing of a room in the Mansion, possibly the library. Also suggests a Vice Regent for Virginia.","So glad Laughton will be Regent. She voted to give Miss Cunningham $1,000, even though there still are questions about what happened to $5,000 of Association money. Are a few outstanding bills. Other Vice Regents are willing to pay.","Wants to pay a bill for personal expenses to avoid \"any more words with Miss C.\" There is a general opinion that Miss C. is dishonest. She should have no say in filling vacancies. Worried about Miss C. trying to influence Laughton.","Author is at Healing Springs Bath for her health. Talks about purchase of a carriage to carry goods from Alexandria to Mount Vernon. After selling old one, Mr. H. will pay the rest. Discusses bill presented by lawyer to Association. Said he charged half price for all.","Looks forward to seeing her report. Should charge ex-Regent's hotel bill against her next year's payment from the Association? Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Ohio.","Comments positively on budget. Mrs. Halsted should not be undermining her efforts. Col. H. must understand he has to refer every question to Laughton. Handled Miss C. very well in her report. Much discussion of paying bills.","Worked hard to raise money for endowment fund but with little success. People want Mount Vernon to look good before they donate. Mr. Corcoran will pay to have the summerhouse rebuilt. The Association must accept the gift of \"the painting.\"","Didn't reply for so long due to father's illness. After her first year as Regent, Hudson is sure all the Vice Regents will line up behind her. Need to fix Col. H's house before cold weather. Hudson needs to carpet two upper rooms.","Is unable to attend Council meetings and is in poor health. Resigns her position as Vice Regent of New Hampshire and suggests a replacement. The year of the letter is written but illegible. This letter was originally filed under October 30, 1888, however Mrs. Stearns is believed to have resigned in 1873. Therefore, a circa 1873 date has been assigned to this letter and it was refiled.","Wants to visit Mount Vernon on November 18, 19, or 20. Wants to express appreciation of Washington and respect for the \"patriotic ladies who have charge of his final resting place.\"","He will visit on November 19.","Regrets he will be unable to visit Mount Vernon on November 19 due to the Legislature being in session. Takes every opportunity to pay respect to the memory of Washington and strongly sympathizes with the efforts of the Association to preserve the home and tomb.","Letter of sympathy from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans regarding the death of her father, Mr. Charles Macalester.","(Partial letter) Col. Hollingsworth gets requests for payment from the Association, but there is little in the way of funds. Necessary to put new heating apparatus in the conservatory before winter. Mrs. Lee donated the sideboard that once belonged to Washington, and the large painting is attracting visitors. Hopes to meet with Mr. Corcoran about the plans for the colonnades.  Also to discuss rebuilding of the summerhouse.","Wants to arrange for a friend of hers to stay overnight in the Martha Washington Room in order to make some sketches for a portfolio to be in the Womans Pavilion.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans acknowledging receipt of a memorial tribute written for her father, Charles Macalester. Johnston also inquires after the welfare of Mrs. Berghmans and her relations.","(Partial letter.) Thanks her for sending the memorial of Laughton's father. Glad she is in her new home. Recommends Miss Mary Dougherty, niece of Col. Hollingsworth, to be her secretary. Hopes Miss C. will not come to Council as does not want another fight. She has proxies for a few other Vice Regents for next meeting.","Has been very busy writing letters for funds for the colonnades. Is amazed that tradesmen won't bill the Association as they do not trust it. Wants a full account from Miss C. of finances since the beginning. Discusses Masons and their desire to meet yearly at Mount Vernon. Working to have an endowment fund for upkeep. Discusses the Council and proxy votes.","Is a list of donors and amounts of gifts. Also discusses purchase of two flags: a storm one and a regular one. Could alternate them. Has a donor for both.","Says she has been ill and treated maliciously. Wants her remarks added to official records. Can't understand her treatment by others.","Wants Laughton to become permanent Regent at next Council meeting in June. Talks about being a good friend of Miss Cunningham but speaks her own mind. Wants to furnish a small room in the mansion as a single bedroom.","Requests payment for legal services.","Writing about Col. Hollingsworth and the need to keep him a friend of Mount Vernon. Writes out brief article from New York Observer about people only being admitted to Mount Vernon if they came on one steamboat with a very high fare.","Letter concerning difficulties with Miss Cunningham.","Incomplete letter – discusses finances being in good order as reported by Col. Hollingsworth. At the end they were to share \"the result \u0026 impressions…\"","Incomplete letter, starts with page 5 – discusses some of the minutes and perceived difficulties with some northern Vice Regents and Miss C. who is \"very violently against\" them.","Incomplete letter – was sad to see news of Miss Cunningham's death in the paper. Suggests having her ashes interred at Mount Vernon.","As acting Regent, she was appalled by prices charged for work and groceries. Wants her to visit at her house so she can give her a full report. Discusses investments of Association.","Is sorry Laughton will not attend tea party in honor of Mrs. Washington. They plan to \"offer a handsome sum to Mount Vernon from the proceeds.\" Feels inadequate to be Vice Regent.","Tells her of the schedule for the event and hopes she will attend.","Writing to request report as promised but not received.","Is unable to travel to see her due to ill health. Gives others' addresses to her. Thanks her for everything she is doing.","Has been very ill and unable to write anything. Next section penned by Miss Cunningham in shaky hand discussing her illness. Sends addresses of some ladies.","Gives schedule of her upcoming journey to North Carolina. Is sending a new book for the minutes to her.","Announces the death of her aunt, Ann Pamela Cunningham.","Looking forward to upcoming meeting. Her father has been ill. Discusses various acquaintances.","Has not heard back from her as to his recommendations. Discusses suggestions and wants to meet her in person.","Looking forward to a pleasant meeting. Wants her to give a welcome address to the Governor of the State.","Looks forward to seeing her on Tuesday.","Thanks her for her letter of sympathy. Had a severe pleurisy but is recovering. Suggests doing entertainments, like Lady Washington tea parties, to raise an endowment fund.","Is unable to attend the upcoming Council meeting. Speaks of hopes for the meeting.","John A. unknown. Will come to Mount Vernon the next day.","Thanks her for many kindnesses. Speaks of other Vice Regents whom she has seen recently. Discussion of politics of Association. Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Massachusetts. Sends her best to Camille.","Discusses politics of Association and a desecration (trespass) that occurred at Mount Vernon recently. Refers to it as an \"outrage.\" Wants perpetrators found. Happened on a Sunday, so she suggests visitors not be allowed to be there on Sunday as Col. Hollingsworth is not there that day.","Congratulates her on good health. Discusses incoming money from various people. Wants to fix up the Council rooms. Will probably take an ocean voyage soon for her health.","Wants to know if she may furnish a bedroom with furniture built from patterns of old style. Will put up a state of Wisconsin coat of arms over the entry.","Wants to encourage Vice Regent from Kentucky to stay on the Council. Miss Cunningham's papers are in the hands of Florida Cunningham.","Has decided to take an ocean voyage but wants to have a companion. Sent her $50 for the barn to Mr. Riggs. Appealed to New York Stock Exchange for contributions to the endowment fund. Discusses furniture for a room at Mount Vernon. Discussed furnishing a parlour at \tMount Vernon by a group in Bridgeport. Discusses woman who will take her duties while she's away who wants to hear from Laughton in response to some questions.","So sorry to hear of Camille's illness and trusts her youth and strength will soon improve her health.","Discusses chandelier being sent. Has funds for restoring the south end portico. Has almost enough funds to restore the Alexandria front porch. Tells of donation of various plants for Mount Vernon. Wishes Camille well. Has acquired painting of the elder Pitt which she will send to Mount Vernon.","Agrees with her plans for centennial. Is about to sail on her voyage.","Wants to meet with her, without interruption from other visitors, to discuss Mount Vernon and endowment fund. Discusses furnishing of Maryland Room.","Sorry not to have answered her letter sooner. Has coat of arms of Wisconsin for Council Room. Urging Masons to work on Mausoleum before the centennial.","Discusses various Mount Vernon papers and letters to and from Miss Cunningham. Council should examine them. Is grateful for Laughton's friendship. Glad Camille is healthy again. Wants to send Maine coat of arms.","Wishes her a good new year, despite her difficulties. Col. Hollingsworth is in arrears. She has sent him money to pay for improvements ordered by Council. Discusses investments and interest returned.","(Incomplete letter) Discusses Laughton's heavy sorrow. Needs to think of Camille.","Discusses the recent Council meeting and how many things she would like to discuss with Laughton about it. Really likes Mrs. Pickens as a new Vice Regent.","Wants to know how to send the coat of arms to her and whether there is a service that ships on behalf of Mount Vernon for free.","Sorry she did not see her in Washington recently. Wants Laughton to come to the upcoming Ball in a court costume from the time of Queen Ann.","Discusses entertainment at upcoming ball, to which she sends a complimentary ticket. Wants men to come in cavalier dress. They hope to raise much money for Mount Vernon. Wants Laughton to sell tickets in Washington.","Wants to furnish the Martha Washington room simply as would have been done then. Wants to occupy that room at Council.","Was sorry Laughton could not attend the recent \"Colonial Ball.\" Will be sending $800 from the evening's entertainment.","Is still wanting to furnish the Martha Washington room on the third floor. Has sent men to measure it. Is sure everything will work out with the furniture going somewhere in the mansion which should be totally furnished by the centennial. Hopes for a happy future Council meeting.","Telling her of \"the officious statement of the Petersburg News contradicted in our city papers.\" Wanted to publish a letter about this assertion but it was not published. Looks forward to meeting her in the spring.","Tells her of organization of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York. Wants a letter from her authorizing their work.","(Incomplete letter) Tells of difficulties with the Woman's Centennial Movement which feels they should take the lead in providing for Mount Vernon.","As treasurer of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York, wants to suggest planting oak trees at Mount Vernon with acorns from current Mount Vernon oaks and then selling the seedlings to interested people.","(Incomplete letter) Will be unable to be at Council meeting as will not be sailing from England in time. Has sent her report to other Vice Regents and some instructions. Put her on any committees where she might be useful. Describes travels in France and England.","Is not sure his schedule will permit him to meet with the MVLA in the near future.","Expresses concern about aligning with other societies. Is trying to convince her ladies to furnish a room in the mansion but has been unsuccessful.","Concerned about Capt. Frank and his threats to lock the Alexandria gates.","Hopes Mr. Laughton soon recovers. Is concerned about fee paid by boat company which does not cover repair costs of the wharf. Association loses money on each visitor.","The furniture produced for Mt. Vernon is not good at all. She wants to refuse it.","Is unable to accept her invitation to meet the Council at Mount. Vernon.","The Legislature was unable to pass a bill about Mount Vernon in this session.","Gives two possible plans to secure a new boat contract between Mount Vernon and Washington.","Wants to know whether she should pay Col. Hollingsworth $18 for work done at Mount Vernon which he has sent her a bill for.","Hopes she got the printed minutes as well as the bill from the printer. Discusses Laughton's upcoming visit to her.","Gives praise to Regent for all she does.","Wants to send out summons to Council and wants directions in regard to the steamboat notification. Also tells of getting Mrs. Blanding's full address and sending her past minutes. Assures Laughton that Blanding wants to remain on the Council.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton expressing her sympathy, probably for the loss of Mrs. Laughton's husband the previous year. She also inquires after Mrs. Laughton's plans and her welfare.","Is worried that she might have offended Laughton in her previous letter as she heard nothing in return. Really wants to say she would never intentionally hurt her in any way.","Discusses MVLA business including Major Blake of the steamboat company and his work with Mount Vernon.","Glad to get her recent letter which was misplaced for a while. She has been having a very difficult time – her house caught fire, both her parents were ill. Is sorry Camille has been ill with measles.","Has purchased bonds on behalf of the Association, and Col. Hollingsworth has made deposits she referred to.","Sends her belated condolences and looks forward to meeting all the ladies of the Council.","Is so sorry she was unable to attend Council this spring. Is sure all the Vice Regents will welcome her back. Assigns her proxy to another woman.","Has completed the minutes of 1880 and is working on the ones for 1881. Asks what should be done with the minutes. Feels Col. Hollingsworth should not have access to them as he is discussed in them. Wants to send the duplicate records to Laughton.","On behalf of the ladies of Kansas, wants to know procedure for securing a room at the estate for her state to adopt.","Discusses the difficulty of getting people to send in their bills in a timely manner. Discusses work on the greenhouse and costs associated with that. Wants to dismiss West Ford and his two boys as they're almost always sick and live in a \"dirty squalid manner.\"","He is nearly finished painting the roof of the barn. Requests $300 for this and the painting of the Mansion. They have had very few visitors this month. Rain is much needed. Food for people and cattle has to be purchased.","Describes visit by French and Germans on their way to Yorktown. They saw the tomb and mansion, staying for an hour, before returning to their boat for lunch. Also entertained some descendants of Von Steuben.","Thanks her on behalf of the North American St. George's Union for the attentions shown to them at Mount Vernon.","Was not pleased by restorer recommended. Wants to purchase a marble bust of Washington. Same dealer claimed to have a Houdon bust too. Might return the sofa in exchange for some chairs. Is glad Laughton is so young as it assures she will be around for quite a while at Mount Vernon. Sends $50 for the endowment fund.","Encloses tracings of design for gateway at shore and causeway leading from steamboat landing to be paid for by donations from the state of California. Discusses difficulties in putting in pilings to protect from problems due to flooding and ice.","Tells her of his attempts to convince various secretaries in Washington to appoint Miss Fanny Washington Finch to some position.","Discusses invitations sent to various people and who is, and is not, going to attend the upcoming Council. Fears that Connecticut will cause difficulties.","Says there is not currently an opening at the European Consulate, but he will keep her acquaintance in mind if one should become available.","Thanks her for acknowledging receipt of pamphlet and complains that most do not let her know they got it, after she puts so much work into producing it. Discusses possible problem in minutes but says she knows she got it right as they were read out two times at Council. No fault to her.","Apparently Mrs. Mitchell had asked her whether a Council would be called soon as there are concerns about the way things are going on. Assures her of her loyalty in all things but invisibly to the other Vice Regents.","Tells her a party of 12 will be touring Mount Vernon and wants to have their lunch on the lawn, but if the weather is bad, asks whether they could possibly eat in the kitchen.","Discusses ceremonial for dedication of the Washington National Monument and that he has reserved 12 seats for Vice Regents of Mount Vernon. He especially hopes she will attend.","Is unable to accept her invitation to visit as she has to travel by a different route. Discusses one dissenting voice (\"your friend from the D.C.\") to arrangements at the table. Hopes they can get together informally before Council to hear about any difficulties.","Discusses Laughton meeting with Mr. Richard Merrick and publishing an account of his opinions on the MVLA in the Council Minutes of 1885.","Thanks her for lovely visit. Also discusses health concerns.","Wants to invite Archdeacon to have lunch at his college for the deaf in Washington during his visit to Laughton. Was very impressed with his address to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.","Thanks her for arranging a visit to Mount Vernon on Sunday.","Is concerned when she does not receive a reply to a few letters. Discusses how marvelous her grandson is, having graduated before he was 18 and taking two degrees. Now attending Johns Hopkins. Agrees that Dodge will make a good superintendent. Talks about mutual friends and previous visits.","Gave her messages to Mr. Dodge. Would like to resign as Secretary after next Council.","Has been organizing lady managers in Michigan, between forty and fifty of them. Hopes for good results. Wants to know what her state could undertake at the Mansion – the stairway or cupola. Her idea for cupola is to have four of the windows have stained glass pictures illustrating some scene from Washington's life, and the other four be plain glass.","Personal matters. Wishes to have an upper box for $15.","Was surprised to be informed through Mr. Dodge that he was being let go in order to hire his nephew. He really needs the job, having many people dependent on him. Appeals to her for a just consideration of his cause.","Encloses another sketch of the sideboard. Describes it and a mirror and gives prices for both.","Must decline her invitation to visit as they are moving to the country. Was amused at her account of the President's visit and said \"what a pity we can't have more refined people at the head of our government.\"","Discusses an upcoming meeting and where they could go after lunch if the weather is fine.","Congratulates her on the christening of the new steamboat. Was so sorry he could not be there due to his illness.","Regrets not being able to visit her, but they're staying at home in order to work on things there. Also complains of fatigue from the Council meeting – says no one but the two of them does any work for it. Describes an inquiry from Mrs. Hudson wanting to know the Regent's address. Quotes it verbatim as well as her reply. Other talk about other vice regents.","Gives many reasons why she is unable to accept her invitation to visit. Describes a violin for sale supposedly owned by George Washington. Need to appoint good women to be vice regents who will take some of the burden off Laughton's shoulders. Lists many of the things oppressing her.","His company published Lossing's \"Mt. Vernon\" and would like to republish it at a lower price. He wants to know whether they could make an arrangement with the association for this.","Could not see her as she had strained her ankle. Tells of the impending death of Hattie whose passing will break her mother's heart.","Hopes she is recovering and that she got the muffins she sent her. Hattie Thayer, her niece, died. She had been extremely close to Justine's daughter. Inquires as to her activities.","This is an invitation from the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution for her to attend the Conference of Regents in October.","Sorry to hear of her illness. Hopes she will soon be better and able to travel to Spain to see Camille and her grandchildren.","(Incomplete letter) Gives him the history of the formation of the Mount Vernon Ladies Association.","Discusses an event with some Japanese visitors and being on the balcony overlooking a sea of people. Was most impressed by the Japanese. Looking forward to returning home.","Has been in much neuralgia pain lately. Went to Mount Vernon and was much pleased by the repairs. She and Camille slept in the room occupied by Lafayette when he visited.","Tells him his dismissal from employment at Mount Vernon is solely at the discretion of the superintendent, Mr. Dodge and due to his disregard for directions.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Jose de Pedroso, a Spanish nobleman married to Camille Berghmans de Pedroso, the daughter of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton. In the letter, Mrs. Johnston accepts an invitation to dine with Mr. de Pedroso.","Recommends one of the plans for the wharf, with some modifications. Recommends a roof over a portion of the pier. Design should be plain and serviceable.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning mostly mutual acquaintances, friends, and family. The letter inquires after Lily Macalester Berghmans, Lane's close friend. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning the return of Lily Macalester Berghmans to Philadelphia and a future visit with her. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Tells him what a wonderful idea the acquisition of Mount Vernon in private hands was. Tells of the solicitation of contributions in small sums from the whole people of the United States. Talked of Edward Everett who delivered many addresses on Washington to raise money. Started an endowment fund for the care and maintenance of the grounds. Wishes him to make a contribution toward restoring Washington's tomb.","Pledges to collect $1,000 and hopes each state will do the same. Wishes her good health. (No year on letter. Was maybe 1875 since it refers to upcoming centennial celebrations in 1876)","Appeals to her to keep his job at Mount Vernon.","Invitation written by an unknown individual, \"The Secretary of War and Mrs. Endicott request the pleasure of Mrs. Laughton's company on Friday evening February eighteenth at half past nine o'clock to meet the President and Mrs. Cleveland.\" Autograph note.","Note regarding a motion to refund the Endowment Fund with surplus income. Motion was abandoned because of a \"misapprehension\" about borrowing.","Gives history of Mount Vernon from 1674 on. He details 13 transfers of the estate from then on.","Is a listing of expenditures and receipts.","List of expenses and receipts.","Tells how to distribute papers in her possession on her death.","He had custody of a suit of clothes of Washington's. Were taken by Union soldiers in 1862. Saw them again in 1877 when visiting Mount Vernon. Was very happy to see them there. (Also contains a tabulation of points about forest legislation.)","Called for May 26. Steamer will bring them from Washington the previous evening.","(Includes typed version.) Includes descriptions of President Buchanan and his election campaign against Abraham Lincoln.","Reports death of Vice Regent from Illinois, who was appointed by Miss Cunningham. Also reports death of two from advisory board. Is so glad so many are at the Council meeting.","Much discussion of the lunch table and its closing. Did inventory of lunch table. Captain Blake was not supplied with lunches. Sarah Johnson refuses to cook for him, despite order of Council. Emphatically denies any theft or embezzlement by him.","Gives account of various gifts to him which he gave to the Association. Can produce vouchers to document his payments made after the abolition of the lunch table.","So appreciative for kind words from Council. Mount Vernon has meant so much to her for so long.","Talked about a dinner with Southern governors and Miss Lane which was quite light and gay in response to events in Charleston. The President was quite worried about what it all meant and later urged his Cabinet to remain in their posts, if Lincoln was elected, and not to return to the south.","Note concerning a Council motion to express pleasure on the naming of the steamboat Charles Macalester to honor all Mr. Macalester did for the cause of Mount Vernon.","\"Wash. D.C. April 1st 1890 Received of Mrs. Laughton $1.50 for watching the month of March 1890. Received payment Francis Burdette Special Officer\"","Letters of acceptance and regrets to attend the maiden voyage celebrations, May 1890. Includes letters by Judge John Davis, Thomas F. Bayard, Juliet Adele Bainbridge-Hoff, and others.","Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Johnson, Christie","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","McMakin, Mary A.","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Herbert, Ella Smith, 1845-1884","Whitney, Flora Payne, 1842-1893","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Endicott, William Crowninshield, 1826-1900","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.576","/repositories/2/resources/22"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Lily Laughton Papers"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"creator_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"creators_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.96 Linear Feet 2 Hollinger boxes, 1 half Hollinger box, 1 oversize box"],"extent_tesim":["1.96 Linear Feet 2 Hollinger boxes, 1 half Hollinger box, 1 oversize box"],"date_range_isim":[1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll36\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some items from this collection have been digitized. Please see the online collection here: http://catalog.mountvernon.org/digital/collection/p16829coll36"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Lily M.B. Laughton are divided into two series and three subseries. Ephemera, printed material, and photographs are described at the end of the contents list. All series are arranged chronologically then alphabetically.\nSeries 1. Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\nSeries 2. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association and personal papers\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\nSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\nSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChronological\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Papers of Lily M.B. Laughton are divided into two series and three subseries. Ephemera, printed material, and photographs are described at the end of the contents list. All series are arranged chronologically then alphabetically.\nSeries 1. Correspondence","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton","Subseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton","Subseries 1.3 Correspondence, other\nSeries 2. Mount Vernon Ladies' Association and personal papers","Subseries 1.1 Correspondence to Laughton\nSubseries 1.2 Correspondence from Laughton\nSubseries 1.3 Correspondence, other","Chronological","Chronological"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLily Macalester was born on July 29, 1832 to Philadelphia businessman and financier, Charles Macalester, and his wife, Eliza Lytle. Ann Pamela Cunningham, the Founder and First Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, met Macalester while in Philadelphia receiving medical treatment and later appointed her the Vice Regent of Pennsylvania. Macalester married Alfred Berghmans in 1861 and the couple had one daughter, Camille. When her husband died in 1874, Mrs. Berghmans remained a widow for three years then married John Scott Laughton of Philadelphia. The couple moved to Algeria in an attempt to better Mr. Laughton's health, however, he died a few months later in January 1878. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Laughton, a popular and well-connected woman, was an extremely successful fundraiser for the MVLA. Her home state of Pennsylvania ranked fifth among state contributions for the Association. A generous donor herself, Laughton dutifully sought Washington-related artifacts at auctions and donated many valuable items to Mount Vernon. Ann Pamela Cunningham personally selected Laughton as her successor and she was unanimously appointed Regent in 1874. Laughton's daughter, Camille, married Spanish nobleman, Jose de Pedroso in 1887. After returning from a trip to Spain to visit a newborn grandchild, Mrs. Laughton died suddenly in December 1891. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lily Macalester was born on July 29, 1832 to Philadelphia businessman and financier, Charles Macalester, and his wife, Eliza Lytle. Ann Pamela Cunningham, the Founder and First Regent of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, met Macalester while in Philadelphia receiving medical treatment and later appointed her the Vice Regent of Pennsylvania. Macalester married Alfred Berghmans in 1861 and the couple had one daughter, Camille. When her husband died in 1874, Mrs. Berghmans remained a widow for three years then married John Scott Laughton of Philadelphia. The couple moved to Algeria in an attempt to better Mr. Laughton's health, however, he died a few months later in January 1878. ","Mrs. Laughton, a popular and well-connected woman, was an extremely successful fundraiser for the MVLA. Her home state of Pennsylvania ranked fifth among state contributions for the Association. A generous donor herself, Laughton dutifully sought Washington-related artifacts at auctions and donated many valuable items to Mount Vernon. Ann Pamela Cunningham personally selected Laughton as her successor and she was unanimously appointed Regent in 1874. Laughton's daughter, Camille, married Spanish nobleman, Jose de Pedroso in 1887. After returning from a trip to Spain to visit a newborn grandchild, Mrs. Laughton died suddenly in December 1891. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhotography by Lamson, Portland, Maine\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotography by Sarony's Imperial Portraits, New York\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright label, MVLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright label, MVLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright label, MVLA\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eM.P. Rice and A.I. Rice, photographers Washington, D.C. No. of negative 4889\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrady (Mathew Brady) photographer, Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General","General","General","General","General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Photography by Lamson, Portland, Maine","Photography by Sarony's Imperial Portraits, New York","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","Copyright label, MVLA","M.P. Rice and A.I. Rice, photographers Washington, D.C. No. of negative 4889","Brady (Mathew Brady) photographer, Washington, D.C."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Papers of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. \u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Papers of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton, [Series, Folder], Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Fred W. Smith National Library for the Study of George Washington [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia ","See the Chicago Manual of Style for additional examples. "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarly Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Minutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the Council, Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association, Minutes of the Council, Annual Reports of the Council, Papers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of this collection is correspondence to Mrs. Laughton concerning Mount Vernon and the work of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Other material includes correspondence from Mrs. Laughton, formal reports and papers of the MVLA, personal correspondence and memoirs, photographs, printed material, and ephemera. The overall dates range from 1850 to 1891 with the bulk of the collection dating from the 1860s-1880s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains correspondence from a significant number of members of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association including:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e•\tAnn Pamela Cunningham\n•\tChristie Johnson – Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham\n•\tVice Regents – Margaret Sweat, Susan Hudson, Nancy Halsted, Margaret Comegys, Letitia Walker, Emily Harper, Martha Mitchell, Magdalen Blanding, Abby Chace, Hannah Farnsworth, Ella B. Washington\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther notable correspondents represented in the collection:\n•\tHarriet R. Lane Johnston – First Lady of the United States during the administration of her uncle, President James Buchanan, married Henry Elliott Johnston from Baltimore\n•\tSelina Pauncefote – Wife of the British Ambassador to the United States, Julian Pauncefote\n•\tEdward Everett – U.S. Congressman, Governor of Massachusetts, orator, pastor\n•\tJohn J. Jacob – Governor of West Virginia\n•\tGilbert S. Meem – Brigadier General for the Confederate States of America, Virginia State Congressman, U.S. Postmaster General\n•\tJames L. Kemper – General for the Confederate States of America, Governor of Virginia\n•\tGeorge Riggs – American businessman and banker\n•\tMontgomery C. Meigs – Quartermaster General of the United States Army, engineer\n•\tThomas F. Bayard – Secretary of State, U.S. Senator from Delaware \n•\tFlora Payne Whitney – Heiress, socialite, philanthropist, daughter of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters mostly concern catching up on personal news, wishing her well, and plans for visiting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton concerning her recent visit with Mrs. Laughton's daughter and son-in-law, Camille and Jose de Pedroso.ca. 1890\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester, concerning mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Lily Macalester's future husband Alfred Berghmans.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRefers to her sad news and that she cannot give dinner parties at present. Sends best regards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for a lovely visit. Misses her. Catches her up on the health of Mr. Sweat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas collected the $50 as directed to the Vice Regents by Council and will send it on. Tells her about the recovery to health (over 5 months) of a woman staying with her. Misses her a lot.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalks about affairs at Mount Vernon going very badly. Various Vice Regents want the Council to get together soon. She'll be in Washington for Congress.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses members of the Advisory Board, particularly Mr. Halsted, with whom she has had several disagreements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly concerning Mount Vernon business, mentions Mrs. Halsted and Mrs. Mitchell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFragment of a letter from an unknown Vice Regent. Discusses Miss Cunningham's illness and resignation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her recent trip to the country and several of their mutual acquaintances, April 9, 1850. Also, letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning their mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan, May 27, 1850\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence begins July 14, 1854 and continues until 1860, the year Lily's engagement to Berghmans was announced. Woodbury was a N.H. and Boston lawyer, son of noted jurist Levi W. (b. 1791). He was about 15 years Lily's senior. He courted her and proposed marriage in 1854. Was refused. His letters are generally witty, occasionally referring to the rejected lover. Alludes to mutual friends, politics, travels, practice of law, society in Boston, Newport, D.C., Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her trip abroad to the Isle of Wight in England. Includes a mention Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester concerning election day 1856 and the campaign of her uncle, President James Buchanan, along with information on mutual acquaintances and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas to leave home for a few days. Is sure Miss Lane is taking great care of her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning the latter's visit to Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning details of the visit of Charles Macalester to Washington, D.C. as well as various stories of mutual friends and acquaintances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs looking forward to hearing her play music that evening and is sending her little boy to fetch it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the duties of the Vice Regent and the importance of \"character and judgment of those selected to this important office.\" Wants to meet with him to talk more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes her to become Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and to ensure that Mount Vernon and the goals of the Association become known there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSending papers pertaining to her appointment as Vice Regent for Pennsylvania. \"The object of the Association is to secure perpetual guardianship for Mt. Vernon, that it may be kept national property sacred for all time, to the memory of the Father of our Country.\" The most important duty is to collect money from her state to pay for the estate. Names of each contributor is to be sent to the regent and published in a newspaper. Discusses the Mount Vernon Record publication.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests a report sent by the 15th of each month with an account of activities. Discusses the sale of portraits of Washington, done by artists in Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for agreeing to be Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and wishes her much success in her endeavors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSending credentials to her and a circular used by another Vice Regent that might be useful.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends her a slip from a New York newspaper about a reception there. Wants it returned as she's saving it for future generations. Also tells her that another payment was made on Mount Vernon. Reminds her that the contents of the letter are private.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends a list of donors and a check. Appointed a Lady Manager for another county and wonders about one other's appointment. Her mother is quite ill which is impeding her work for Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter is about the construction of a new wharf at Mount Vernon, due to the unsafe condition of the present one. Mr. Washington had said that all money from the steam boat company should go to the Association from the signing of the contract. General Meigs was consulted and chose the $2800 contract. Needs the approval of the Vice Regent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter encloses two articles from constitution of Association about necessity of having a meeting of the General Council every year after the sale. Therefore a meeting is called for December 31 of this year, but it will not occur as the only real necessity is the raising of funds to pay off the debt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester concerning mutual friends and acquaintances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonal letter about various people, including Mr. Bergmans (sic). Is writing on behalf of Harriet Lane who was too busy to respond herself. Wants her to visit soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongratulates her on upcoming wedding and hopes to be able to attend. Also hopeful for continued success of the Mount Vernon cause. Has been giving talks on its behalf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for invitation to wedding which she will attend. However, Becky will be unable to be there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester Berghmans announcing her engagement to Henry Johnston of Baltimore and updating Mrs. Berghmans on news of family and friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of Regent's actions on many occasions. Has sent around a letter about it to other Vice Regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of Regent's actions. Wants reply from Laughton to previous letter. Accuses Regent of using Association money for private use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComplains of Regent's  behavior in and around the mansion when visitors are present. Wants her removed. Discusses appeal to Masonic Lodges. Says Regent can never return to reside at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to supply a report at this time. Concerned about Regent's report. Wishes she lived closer to Laughton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses condolences on death of her daughter. More complaints about the Regent. Discusses approach to Masons. Regent must sign Col. Hollingsworth's commission. Regent has been abusing Vice Regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he has a collection of manuscript letters and other personal relics of Washington, but he does not want to sell them. Instead he proposes the Association take over the note on some property of his that is under foreclosure notice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote of sympathy and wanting to hear from her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses upcoming Council meeting and decision making. Also sending condolences for her loss.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOffers her assistance if needed as Laughton functions as regent pro tem.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting to her as Regent. Knows she's working hard to clean up the mess left over the past few years. More complaints about Miss C. Need to fill vacancies. Discusses attempts to balance the books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiss Cunningham will resign as her health does not permit her to continue. The charges of malfeasance were found untrue. She will try to write as soon as she can and is considering various locations to move to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a letter from Judge Thomas. Wonders about Virginia funding the furnishing of a room in the Mansion, possibly the library. Also suggests a Vice Regent for Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSo glad Laughton will be Regent. She voted to give Miss Cunningham $1,000, even though there still are questions about what happened to $5,000 of Association money. Are a few outstanding bills. Other Vice Regents are willing to pay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to pay a bill for personal expenses to avoid \"any more words with Miss C.\" There is a general opinion that Miss C. is dishonest. She should have no say in filling vacancies. Worried about Miss C. trying to influence Laughton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAuthor is at Healing Springs Bath for her health. Talks about purchase of a carriage to carry goods from Alexandria to Mount Vernon. After selling old one, Mr. H. will pay the rest. Discusses bill presented by lawyer to Association. Said he charged half price for all.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooks forward to seeing her report. Should charge ex-Regent's hotel bill against her next year's payment from the Association? Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Ohio.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eComments positively on budget. Mrs. Halsted should not be undermining her efforts. Col. H. must understand he has to refer every question to Laughton. Handled Miss C. very well in her report. Much discussion of paying bills.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorked hard to raise money for endowment fund but with little success. People want Mount Vernon to look good before they donate. Mr. Corcoran will pay to have the summerhouse rebuilt. The Association must accept the gift of \"the painting.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDidn't reply for so long due to father's illness. After her first year as Regent, Hudson is sure all the Vice Regents will line up behind her. Need to fix Col. H's house before cold weather. Hudson needs to carpet two upper rooms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to attend Council meetings and is in poor health. Resigns her position as Vice Regent of New Hampshire and suggests a replacement. The year of the letter is written but illegible. This letter was originally filed under October 30, 1888, however Mrs. Stearns is believed to have resigned in 1873. Therefore, a circa 1873 date has been assigned to this letter and it was refiled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to visit Mount Vernon on November 18, 19, or 20. Wants to express appreciation of Washington and respect for the \"patriotic ladies who have charge of his final resting place.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe will visit on November 19.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets he will be unable to visit Mount Vernon on November 19 due to the Legislature being in session. Takes every opportunity to pay respect to the memory of Washington and strongly sympathizes with the efforts of the Association to preserve the home and tomb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter of sympathy from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans regarding the death of her father, Mr. Charles Macalester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Partial letter) Col. Hollingsworth gets requests for payment from the Association, but there is little in the way of funds. Necessary to put new heating apparatus in the conservatory before winter. Mrs. Lee donated the sideboard that once belonged to Washington, and the large painting is attracting visitors. Hopes to meet with Mr. Corcoran about the plans for the colonnades.  Also to discuss rebuilding of the summerhouse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to arrange for a friend of hers to stay overnight in the Martha Washington Room in order to make some sketches for a portfolio to be in the Womans Pavilion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans acknowledging receipt of a memorial tribute written for her father, Charles Macalester. Johnston also inquires after the welfare of Mrs. Berghmans and her relations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Partial letter.) Thanks her for sending the memorial of Laughton's father. Glad she is in her new home. Recommends Miss Mary Dougherty, niece of Col. Hollingsworth, to be her secretary. Hopes Miss C. will not come to Council as does not want another fight. She has proxies for a few other Vice Regents for next meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been very busy writing letters for funds for the colonnades. Is amazed that tradesmen won't bill the Association as they do not trust it. Wants a full account from Miss C. of finances since the beginning. Discusses Masons and their desire to meet yearly at Mount Vernon. Working to have an endowment fund for upkeep. Discusses the Council and proxy votes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs a list of donors and amounts of gifts. Also discusses purchase of two flags: a storm one and a regular one. Could alternate them. Has a donor for both.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays she has been ill and treated maliciously. Wants her remarks added to official records. Can't understand her treatment by others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants Laughton to become permanent Regent at next Council meeting in June. Talks about being a good friend of Miss Cunningham but speaks her own mind. Wants to furnish a small room in the mansion as a single bedroom.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests payment for legal services.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting about Col. Hollingsworth and the need to keep him a friend of Mount Vernon. Writes out brief article from New York Observer about people only being admitted to Mount Vernon if they came on one steamboat with a very high fare.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter concerning difficulties with Miss Cunningham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncomplete letter – discusses finances being in good order as reported by Col. Hollingsworth. At the end they were to share \"the result \u0026amp; impressions…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncomplete letter, starts with page 5 – discusses some of the minutes and perceived difficulties with some northern Vice Regents and Miss C. who is \"very violently against\" them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncomplete letter – was sad to see news of Miss Cunningham's death in the paper. Suggests having her ashes interred at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs acting Regent, she was appalled by prices charged for work and groceries. Wants her to visit at her house so she can give her a full report. Discusses investments of Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs sorry Laughton will not attend tea party in honor of Mrs. Washington. They plan to \"offer a handsome sum to Mount Vernon from the proceeds.\" Feels inadequate to be Vice Regent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her of the schedule for the event and hopes she will attend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWriting to request report as promised but not received.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to travel to see her due to ill health. Gives others' addresses to her. Thanks her for everything she is doing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been very ill and unable to write anything. Next section penned by Miss Cunningham in shaky hand discussing her illness. Sends addresses of some ladies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives schedule of her upcoming journey to North Carolina. Is sending a new book for the minutes to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnounces the death of her aunt, Ann Pamela Cunningham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooking forward to upcoming meeting. Her father has been ill. Discusses various acquaintances.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas not heard back from her as to his recommendations. Discusses suggestions and wants to meet her in person.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooking forward to a pleasant meeting. Wants her to give a welcome address to the Governor of the State.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLooks forward to seeing her on Tuesday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for her letter of sympathy. Had a severe pleurisy but is recovering. Suggests doing entertainments, like Lady Washington tea parties, to raise an endowment fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to attend the upcoming Council meeting. Speaks of hopes for the meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn A. unknown. Will come to Mount Vernon the next day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for many kindnesses. Speaks of other Vice Regents whom she has seen recently. Discussion of politics of Association. Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Massachusetts. Sends her best to Camille.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses politics of Association and a desecration (trespass) that occurred at Mount Vernon recently. Refers to it as an \"outrage.\" Wants perpetrators found. Happened on a Sunday, so she suggests visitors not be allowed to be there on Sunday as Col. Hollingsworth is not there that day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongratulates her on good health. Discusses incoming money from various people. Wants to fix up the Council rooms. Will probably take an ocean voyage soon for her health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know if she may furnish a bedroom with furniture built from patterns of old style. Will put up a state of Wisconsin coat of arms over the entry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to encourage Vice Regent from Kentucky to stay on the Council. Miss Cunningham's papers are in the hands of Florida Cunningham.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas decided to take an ocean voyage but wants to have a companion. Sent her $50 for the barn to Mr. Riggs. Appealed to New York Stock Exchange for contributions to the endowment fund. Discusses furniture for a room at Mount Vernon. Discussed furnishing a parlour at \tMount Vernon by a group in Bridgeport. Discusses woman who will take her duties while she's away who wants to hear from Laughton in response to some questions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSo sorry to hear of Camille's illness and trusts her youth and strength will soon improve her health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses chandelier being sent. Has funds for restoring the south end portico. Has almost enough funds to restore the Alexandria front porch. Tells of donation of various plants for Mount Vernon. Wishes Camille well. Has acquired painting of the elder Pitt which she will send to Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgrees with her plans for centennial. Is about to sail on her voyage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to meet with her, without interruption from other visitors, to discuss Mount Vernon and endowment fund. Discusses furnishing of Maryland Room.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry not to have answered her letter sooner. Has coat of arms of Wisconsin for Council Room. Urging Masons to work on Mausoleum before the centennial.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses various Mount Vernon papers and letters to and from Miss Cunningham. Council should examine them. Is grateful for Laughton's friendship. Glad Camille is healthy again. Wants to send Maine coat of arms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes her a good new year, despite her difficulties. Col. Hollingsworth is in arrears. She has sent him money to pay for improvements ordered by Council. Discusses investments and interest returned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Discusses Laughton's heavy sorrow. Needs to think of Camille.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the recent Council meeting and how many things she would like to discuss with Laughton about it. Really likes Mrs. Pickens as a new Vice Regent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know how to send the coat of arms to her and whether there is a service that ships on behalf of Mount Vernon for free.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry she did not see her in Washington recently. Wants Laughton to come to the upcoming Ball in a court costume from the time of Queen Ann.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses entertainment at upcoming ball, to which she sends a complimentary ticket. Wants men to come in cavalier dress. They hope to raise much money for Mount Vernon. Wants Laughton to sell tickets in Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to furnish the Martha Washington room simply as would have been done then. Wants to occupy that room at Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas sorry Laughton could not attend the recent \"Colonial Ball.\" Will be sending $800 from the evening's entertainment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs still wanting to furnish the Martha Washington room on the third floor. Has sent men to measure it. Is sure everything will work out with the furniture going somewhere in the mansion which should be totally furnished by the centennial. Hopes for a happy future Council meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTelling her of \"the officious statement of the Petersburg News contradicted in our city papers.\" Wanted to publish a letter about this assertion but it was not published. Looks forward to meeting her in the spring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her of organization of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York. Wants a letter from her authorizing their work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Tells of difficulties with the Woman's Centennial Movement which feels they should take the lead in providing for Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs treasurer of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York, wants to suggest planting oak trees at Mount Vernon with acorns from current Mount Vernon oaks and then selling the seedlings to interested people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Will be unable to be at Council meeting as will not be sailing from England in time. Has sent her report to other Vice Regents and some instructions. Put her on any committees where she might be useful. Describes travels in France and England.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs not sure his schedule will permit him to meet with the MVLA in the near future.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses concern about aligning with other societies. Is trying to convince her ladies to furnish a room in the mansion but has been unsuccessful.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConcerned about Capt. Frank and his threats to lock the Alexandria gates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes Mr. Laughton soon recovers. Is concerned about fee paid by boat company which does not cover repair costs of the wharf. Association loses money on each visitor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe furniture produced for Mt. Vernon is not good at all. She wants to refuse it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to accept her invitation to meet the Council at Mount. Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Legislature was unable to pass a bill about Mount Vernon in this session.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives two possible plans to secure a new boat contract between Mount Vernon and Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know whether she should pay Col. Hollingsworth $18 for work done at Mount Vernon which he has sent her a bill for.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes she got the printed minutes as well as the bill from the printer. Discusses Laughton's upcoming visit to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives praise to Regent for all she does.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to send out summons to Council and wants directions in regard to the steamboat notification. Also tells of getting Mrs. Blanding's full address and sending her past minutes. Assures Laughton that Blanding wants to remain on the Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton expressing her sympathy, probably for the loss of Mrs. Laughton's husband the previous year. She also inquires after Mrs. Laughton's plans and her welfare.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs worried that she might have offended Laughton in her previous letter as she heard nothing in return. Really wants to say she would never intentionally hurt her in any way.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses MVLA business including Major Blake of the steamboat company and his work with Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGlad to get her recent letter which was misplaced for a while. She has been having a very difficult time – her house caught fire, both her parents were ill. Is sorry Camille has been ill with measles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas purchased bonds on behalf of the Association, and Col. Hollingsworth has made deposits she referred to.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends her belated condolences and looks forward to meeting all the ladies of the Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs so sorry she was unable to attend Council this spring. Is sure all the Vice Regents will welcome her back. Assigns her proxy to another woman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas completed the minutes of 1880 and is working on the ones for 1881. Asks what should be done with the minutes. Feels Col. Hollingsworth should not have access to them as he is discussed in them. Wants to send the duplicate records to Laughton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn behalf of the ladies of Kansas, wants to know procedure for securing a room at the estate for her state to adopt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the difficulty of getting people to send in their bills in a timely manner. Discusses work on the greenhouse and costs associated with that. Wants to dismiss West Ford and his two boys as they're almost always sick and live in a \"dirty squalid manner.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is nearly finished painting the roof of the barn. Requests $300 for this and the painting of the Mansion. They have had very few visitors this month. Rain is much needed. Food for people and cattle has to be purchased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes visit by French and Germans on their way to Yorktown. They saw the tomb and mansion, staying for an hour, before returning to their boat for lunch. Also entertained some descendants of Von Steuben.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her on behalf of the North American St. George's Union for the attentions shown to them at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas not pleased by restorer recommended. Wants to purchase a marble bust of Washington. Same dealer claimed to have a Houdon bust too. Might return the sofa in exchange for some chairs. Is glad Laughton is so young as it assures she will be around for quite a while at Mount Vernon. Sends $50 for the endowment fund.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses tracings of design for gateway at shore and causeway leading from steamboat landing to be paid for by donations from the state of California. Discusses difficulties in putting in pilings to protect from problems due to flooding and ice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her of his attempts to convince various secretaries in Washington to appoint Miss Fanny Washington Finch to some position.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses invitations sent to various people and who is, and is not, going to attend the upcoming Council. Fears that Connecticut will cause difficulties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays there is not currently an opening at the European Consulate, but he will keep her acquaintance in mind if one should become available.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for acknowledging receipt of pamphlet and complains that most do not let her know they got it, after she puts so much work into producing it. Discusses possible problem in minutes but says she knows she got it right as they were read out two times at Council. No fault to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApparently Mrs. Mitchell had asked her whether a Council would be called soon as there are concerns about the way things are going on. Assures her of her loyalty in all things but invisibly to the other Vice Regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her a party of 12 will be touring Mount Vernon and wants to have their lunch on the lawn, but if the weather is bad, asks whether they could possibly eat in the kitchen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses ceremonial for dedication of the Washington National Monument and that he has reserved 12 seats for Vice Regents of Mount Vernon. He especially hopes she will attend.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to accept her invitation to visit as she has to travel by a different route. Discusses one dissenting voice (\"your friend from the D.C.\") to arrangements at the table. Hopes they can get together informally before Council to hear about any difficulties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses Laughton meeting with Mr. Richard Merrick and publishing an account of his opinions on the MVLA in the Council Minutes of 1885.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for lovely visit. Also discusses health concerns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to invite Archdeacon to have lunch at his college for the deaf in Washington during his visit to Laughton. Was very impressed with his address to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks her for arranging a visit to Mount Vernon on Sunday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs concerned when she does not receive a reply to a few letters. Discusses how marvelous her grandson is, having graduated before he was 18 and taking two degrees. Now attending Johns Hopkins. Agrees that Dodge will make a good superintendent. Talks about mutual friends and previous visits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGave her messages to Mr. Dodge. Would like to resign as Secretary after next Council.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been organizing lady managers in Michigan, between forty and fifty of them. Hopes for good results. Wants to know what her state could undertake at the Mansion – the stairway or cupola. Her idea for cupola is to have four of the windows have stained glass pictures illustrating some scene from Washington's life, and the other four be plain glass.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePersonal matters. Wishes to have an upper box for $15.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas surprised to be informed through Mr. Dodge that he was being let go in order to hire his nephew. He really needs the job, having many people dependent on him. Appeals to her for a just consideration of his cause.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses another sketch of the sideboard. Describes it and a mirror and gives prices for both.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMust decline her invitation to visit as they are moving to the country. Was amused at her account of the President's visit and said \"what a pity we can't have more refined people at the head of our government.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses an upcoming meeting and where they could go after lunch if the weather is fine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCongratulates her on the christening of the new steamboat. Was so sorry he could not be there due to his illness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets not being able to visit her, but they're staying at home in order to work on things there. Also complains of fatigue from the Council meeting – says no one but the two of them does any work for it. Describes an inquiry from Mrs. Hudson wanting to know the Regent's address. Quotes it verbatim as well as her reply. Other talk about other vice regents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives many reasons why she is unable to accept her invitation to visit. Describes a violin for sale supposedly owned by George Washington. Need to appoint good women to be vice regents who will take some of the burden off Laughton's shoulders. Lists many of the things oppressing her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis company published Lossing's \"Mt. Vernon\" and would like to republish it at a lower price. He wants to know whether they could make an arrangement with the association for this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCould not see her as she had strained her ankle. Tells of the impending death of Hattie whose passing will break her mother's heart.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes she is recovering and that she got the muffins she sent her. Hattie Thayer, her niece, died. She had been extremely close to Justine's daughter. Inquires as to her activities.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is an invitation from the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution for her to attend the Conference of Regents in October.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry to hear of her illness. Hopes she will soon be better and able to travel to Spain to see Camille and her grandchildren.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Incomplete letter) Gives him the history of the formation of the Mount Vernon Ladies Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses an event with some Japanese visitors and being on the balcony overlooking a sea of people. Was most impressed by the Japanese. Looking forward to returning home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been in much neuralgia pain lately. Went to Mount Vernon and was much pleased by the repairs. She and Camille slept in the room occupied by Lafayette when he visited.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him his dismissal from employment at Mount Vernon is solely at the discretion of the superintendent, Mr. Dodge and due to his disregard for directions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Jose de Pedroso, a Spanish nobleman married to Camille Berghmans de Pedroso, the daughter of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton. In the letter, Mrs. Johnston accepts an invitation to dine with Mr. de Pedroso.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecommends one of the plans for the wharf, with some modifications. Recommends a roof over a portion of the pier. Design should be plain and serviceable.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning mostly mutual acquaintances, friends, and family. The letter inquires after Lily Macalester Berghmans, Lane's close friend. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning the return of Lily Macalester Berghmans to Philadelphia and a future visit with her. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him what a wonderful idea the acquisition of Mount Vernon in private hands was. Tells of the solicitation of contributions in small sums from the whole people of the United States. Talked of Edward Everett who delivered many addresses on Washington to raise money. Started an endowment fund for the care and maintenance of the grounds. Wishes him to make a contribution toward restoring Washington's tomb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePledges to collect $1,000 and hopes each state will do the same. Wishes her good health. (No year on letter. Was maybe 1875 since it refers to upcoming centennial celebrations in 1876)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAppeals to her to keep his job at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvitation written by an unknown individual, \"The Secretary of War and Mrs. Endicott request the pleasure of Mrs. Laughton's company on Friday evening February eighteenth at half past nine o'clock to meet the President and Mrs. Cleveland.\" Autograph note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote regarding a motion to refund the Endowment Fund with surplus income. Motion was abandoned because of a \"misapprehension\" about borrowing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives history of Mount Vernon from 1674 on. He details 13 transfers of the estate from then on.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs a listing of expenditures and receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of expenses and receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells how to distribute papers in her possession on her death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe had custody of a suit of clothes of Washington's. Were taken by Union soldiers in 1862. Saw them again in 1877 when visiting Mount Vernon. Was very happy to see them there. (Also contains a tabulation of points about forest legislation.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCalled for May 26. Steamer will bring them from Washington the previous evening.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Includes typed version.) Includes descriptions of President Buchanan and his election campaign against Abraham Lincoln.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports death of Vice Regent from Illinois, who was appointed by Miss Cunningham. Also reports death of two from advisory board. Is so glad so many are at the Council meeting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch discussion of the lunch table and its closing. Did inventory of lunch table. Captain Blake was not supplied with lunches. Sarah Johnson refuses to cook for him, despite order of Council. Emphatically denies any theft or embezzlement by him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives account of various gifts to him which he gave to the Association. Can produce vouchers to document his payments made after the abolition of the lunch table.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSo appreciative for kind words from Council. Mount Vernon has meant so much to her for so long.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTalked about a dinner with Southern governors and Miss Lane which was quite light and gay in response to events in Charleston. The President was quite worried about what it all meant and later urged his Cabinet to remain in their posts, if Lincoln was elected, and not to return to the south.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote concerning a Council motion to express pleasure on the naming of the steamboat Charles Macalester to honor all Mr. Macalester did for the cause of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Wash. D.C. April 1st 1890 Received of Mrs. Laughton $1.50 for watching the month of March 1890. Received payment Francis Burdette Special Officer\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters of acceptance and regrets to attend the maiden voyage celebrations, May 1890. Includes letters by Judge John Davis, Thomas F. Bayard, Juliet Adele Bainbridge-Hoff, and others.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of this collection is correspondence to Mrs. Laughton concerning Mount Vernon and the work of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Other material includes correspondence from Mrs. Laughton, formal reports and papers of the MVLA, personal correspondence and memoirs, photographs, printed material, and ephemera. The overall dates range from 1850 to 1891 with the bulk of the collection dating from the 1860s-1880s.","This collection contains correspondence from a significant number of members of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association including:","•\tAnn Pamela Cunningham\n•\tChristie Johnson – Secretary to Ann Pamela Cunningham\n•\tVice Regents – Margaret Sweat, Susan Hudson, Nancy Halsted, Margaret Comegys, Letitia Walker, Emily Harper, Martha Mitchell, Magdalen Blanding, Abby Chace, Hannah Farnsworth, Ella B. Washington","Other notable correspondents represented in the collection:\n•\tHarriet R. Lane Johnston – First Lady of the United States during the administration of her uncle, President James Buchanan, married Henry Elliott Johnston from Baltimore\n•\tSelina Pauncefote – Wife of the British Ambassador to the United States, Julian Pauncefote\n•\tEdward Everett – U.S. Congressman, Governor of Massachusetts, orator, pastor\n•\tJohn J. Jacob – Governor of West Virginia\n•\tGilbert S. Meem – Brigadier General for the Confederate States of America, Virginia State Congressman, U.S. Postmaster General\n•\tJames L. Kemper – General for the Confederate States of America, Governor of Virginia\n•\tGeorge Riggs – American businessman and banker\n•\tMontgomery C. Meigs – Quartermaster General of the United States Army, engineer\n•\tThomas F. Bayard – Secretary of State, U.S. Senator from Delaware \n•\tFlora Payne Whitney – Heiress, socialite, philanthropist, daughter of Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney","Letters mostly concern catching up on personal news, wishing her well, and plans for visiting.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton concerning her recent visit with Mrs. Laughton's daughter and son-in-law, Camille and Jose de Pedroso.ca. 1890","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester, concerning mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Lily Macalester's future husband Alfred Berghmans.","Refers to her sad news and that she cannot give dinner parties at present. Sends best regards.","Thanks her for a lovely visit. Misses her. Catches her up on the health of Mr. Sweat.","Has collected the $50 as directed to the Vice Regents by Council and will send it on. Tells her about the recovery to health (over 5 months) of a woman staying with her. Misses her a lot.","Talks about affairs at Mount Vernon going very badly. Various Vice Regents want the Council to get together soon. She'll be in Washington for Congress.","Discusses members of the Advisory Board, particularly Mr. Halsted, with whom she has had several disagreements.","Mostly concerning Mount Vernon business, mentions Mrs. Halsted and Mrs. Mitchell.","Fragment of a letter from an unknown Vice Regent. Discusses Miss Cunningham's illness and resignation.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her recent trip to the country and several of their mutual acquaintances, April 9, 1850. Also, letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning their mutual acquaintances, family, and friends. Includes references to Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan, May 27, 1850","The correspondence begins July 14, 1854 and continues until 1860, the year Lily's engagement to Berghmans was announced. Woodbury was a N.H. and Boston lawyer, son of noted jurist Levi W. (b. 1791). He was about 15 years Lily's senior. He courted her and proposed marriage in 1854. Was refused. His letters are generally witty, occasionally referring to the rejected lover. Alludes to mutual friends, politics, travels, practice of law, society in Boston, Newport, D.C., Philadelphia.","Letter from Harriet Lane to Lily Macalester concerning her trip abroad to the Isle of Wight in England. Includes a mention Harriet Lane's uncle, President James Buchanan.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester concerning election day 1856 and the campaign of her uncle, President James Buchanan, along with information on mutual acquaintances and friends.","Has to leave home for a few days. Is sure Miss Lane is taking great care of her.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning the latter's visit to Washington, D.C.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Soldiers' Home, Washington, D.C. to Lily Macalester concerning details of the visit of Charles Macalester to Washington, D.C. as well as various stories of mutual friends and acquaintances.","Is looking forward to hearing her play music that evening and is sending her little boy to fetch it.","Discusses the duties of the Vice Regent and the importance of \"character and judgment of those selected to this important office.\" Wants to meet with him to talk more.","Wishes her to become Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and to ensure that Mount Vernon and the goals of the Association become known there.","Sending papers pertaining to her appointment as Vice Regent for Pennsylvania. \"The object of the Association is to secure perpetual guardianship for Mt. Vernon, that it may be kept national property sacred for all time, to the memory of the Father of our Country.\" The most important duty is to collect money from her state to pay for the estate. Names of each contributor is to be sent to the regent and published in a newspaper. Discusses the Mount Vernon Record publication.","Requests a report sent by the 15th of each month with an account of activities. Discusses the sale of portraits of Washington, done by artists in Philadelphia.","Thanks her for agreeing to be Vice Regent for Pennsylvania and wishes her much success in her endeavors.","Sending credentials to her and a circular used by another Vice Regent that might be useful.","Sends her a slip from a New York newspaper about a reception there. Wants it returned as she's saving it for future generations. Also tells her that another payment was made on Mount Vernon. Reminds her that the contents of the letter are private.","Sends a list of donors and a check. Appointed a Lady Manager for another county and wonders about one other's appointment. Her mother is quite ill which is impeding her work for Mount Vernon.","Letter is about the construction of a new wharf at Mount Vernon, due to the unsafe condition of the present one. Mr. Washington had said that all money from the steam boat company should go to the Association from the signing of the contract. General Meigs was consulted and chose the $2800 contract. Needs the approval of the Vice Regent.","Letter encloses two articles from constitution of Association about necessity of having a meeting of the General Council every year after the sale. Therefore a meeting is called for December 31 of this year, but it will not occur as the only real necessity is the raising of funds to pay off the debt.","Letter from Harriet Lane at the Executive Mansion to Lily Macalester concerning mutual friends and acquaintances.","Personal letter about various people, including Mr. Bergmans (sic). Is writing on behalf of Harriet Lane who was too busy to respond herself. Wants her to visit soon.","Congratulates her on upcoming wedding and hopes to be able to attend. Also hopeful for continued success of the Mount Vernon cause. Has been giving talks on its behalf.","Thanks her for invitation to wedding which she will attend. However, Becky will be unable to be there.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Lily Macalester Berghmans announcing her engagement to Henry Johnston of Baltimore and updating Mrs. Berghmans on news of family and friends.","Complains of Regent's actions on many occasions. Has sent around a letter about it to other Vice Regents.","Complains of Regent's actions. Wants reply from Laughton to previous letter. Accuses Regent of using Association money for private use.","Complains of Regent's  behavior in and around the mansion when visitors are present. Wants her removed. Discusses appeal to Masonic Lodges. Says Regent can never return to reside at Mount Vernon.","Is unable to supply a report at this time. Concerned about Regent's report. Wishes she lived closer to Laughton.","Expresses condolences on death of her daughter. More complaints about the Regent. Discusses approach to Masons. Regent must sign Col. Hollingsworth's commission. Regent has been abusing Vice Regents.","Says he has a collection of manuscript letters and other personal relics of Washington, but he does not want to sell them. Instead he proposes the Association take over the note on some property of his that is under foreclosure notice.","Note of sympathy and wanting to hear from her.","Discusses upcoming Council meeting and decision making. Also sending condolences for her loss.","Offers her assistance if needed as Laughton functions as regent pro tem.","Writing to her as Regent. Knows she's working hard to clean up the mess left over the past few years. More complaints about Miss C. Need to fill vacancies. Discusses attempts to balance the books.","Miss Cunningham will resign as her health does not permit her to continue. The charges of malfeasance were found untrue. She will try to write as soon as she can and is considering various locations to move to.","Encloses a letter from Judge Thomas. Wonders about Virginia funding the furnishing of a room in the Mansion, possibly the library. Also suggests a Vice Regent for Virginia.","So glad Laughton will be Regent. She voted to give Miss Cunningham $1,000, even though there still are questions about what happened to $5,000 of Association money. Are a few outstanding bills. Other Vice Regents are willing to pay.","Wants to pay a bill for personal expenses to avoid \"any more words with Miss C.\" There is a general opinion that Miss C. is dishonest. She should have no say in filling vacancies. Worried about Miss C. trying to influence Laughton.","Author is at Healing Springs Bath for her health. Talks about purchase of a carriage to carry goods from Alexandria to Mount Vernon. After selling old one, Mr. H. will pay the rest. Discusses bill presented by lawyer to Association. Said he charged half price for all.","Looks forward to seeing her report. Should charge ex-Regent's hotel bill against her next year's payment from the Association? Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Ohio.","Comments positively on budget. Mrs. Halsted should not be undermining her efforts. Col. H. must understand he has to refer every question to Laughton. Handled Miss C. very well in her report. Much discussion of paying bills.","Worked hard to raise money for endowment fund but with little success. People want Mount Vernon to look good before they donate. Mr. Corcoran will pay to have the summerhouse rebuilt. The Association must accept the gift of \"the painting.\"","Didn't reply for so long due to father's illness. After her first year as Regent, Hudson is sure all the Vice Regents will line up behind her. Need to fix Col. H's house before cold weather. Hudson needs to carpet two upper rooms.","Is unable to attend Council meetings and is in poor health. Resigns her position as Vice Regent of New Hampshire and suggests a replacement. The year of the letter is written but illegible. This letter was originally filed under October 30, 1888, however Mrs. Stearns is believed to have resigned in 1873. Therefore, a circa 1873 date has been assigned to this letter and it was refiled.","Wants to visit Mount Vernon on November 18, 19, or 20. Wants to express appreciation of Washington and respect for the \"patriotic ladies who have charge of his final resting place.\"","He will visit on November 19.","Regrets he will be unable to visit Mount Vernon on November 19 due to the Legislature being in session. Takes every opportunity to pay respect to the memory of Washington and strongly sympathizes with the efforts of the Association to preserve the home and tomb.","Letter of sympathy from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans regarding the death of her father, Mr. Charles Macalester.","(Partial letter) Col. Hollingsworth gets requests for payment from the Association, but there is little in the way of funds. Necessary to put new heating apparatus in the conservatory before winter. Mrs. Lee donated the sideboard that once belonged to Washington, and the large painting is attracting visitors. Hopes to meet with Mr. Corcoran about the plans for the colonnades.  Also to discuss rebuilding of the summerhouse.","Wants to arrange for a friend of hers to stay overnight in the Martha Washington Room in order to make some sketches for a portfolio to be in the Womans Pavilion.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans acknowledging receipt of a memorial tribute written for her father, Charles Macalester. Johnston also inquires after the welfare of Mrs. Berghmans and her relations.","(Partial letter.) Thanks her for sending the memorial of Laughton's father. Glad she is in her new home. Recommends Miss Mary Dougherty, niece of Col. Hollingsworth, to be her secretary. Hopes Miss C. will not come to Council as does not want another fight. She has proxies for a few other Vice Regents for next meeting.","Has been very busy writing letters for funds for the colonnades. Is amazed that tradesmen won't bill the Association as they do not trust it. Wants a full account from Miss C. of finances since the beginning. Discusses Masons and their desire to meet yearly at Mount Vernon. Working to have an endowment fund for upkeep. Discusses the Council and proxy votes.","Is a list of donors and amounts of gifts. Also discusses purchase of two flags: a storm one and a regular one. Could alternate them. Has a donor for both.","Says she has been ill and treated maliciously. Wants her remarks added to official records. Can't understand her treatment by others.","Wants Laughton to become permanent Regent at next Council meeting in June. Talks about being a good friend of Miss Cunningham but speaks her own mind. Wants to furnish a small room in the mansion as a single bedroom.","Requests payment for legal services.","Writing about Col. Hollingsworth and the need to keep him a friend of Mount Vernon. Writes out brief article from New York Observer about people only being admitted to Mount Vernon if they came on one steamboat with a very high fare.","Letter concerning difficulties with Miss Cunningham.","Incomplete letter – discusses finances being in good order as reported by Col. Hollingsworth. At the end they were to share \"the result \u0026 impressions…\"","Incomplete letter, starts with page 5 – discusses some of the minutes and perceived difficulties with some northern Vice Regents and Miss C. who is \"very violently against\" them.","Incomplete letter – was sad to see news of Miss Cunningham's death in the paper. Suggests having her ashes interred at Mount Vernon.","As acting Regent, she was appalled by prices charged for work and groceries. Wants her to visit at her house so she can give her a full report. Discusses investments of Association.","Is sorry Laughton will not attend tea party in honor of Mrs. Washington. They plan to \"offer a handsome sum to Mount Vernon from the proceeds.\" Feels inadequate to be Vice Regent.","Tells her of the schedule for the event and hopes she will attend.","Writing to request report as promised but not received.","Is unable to travel to see her due to ill health. Gives others' addresses to her. Thanks her for everything she is doing.","Has been very ill and unable to write anything. Next section penned by Miss Cunningham in shaky hand discussing her illness. Sends addresses of some ladies.","Gives schedule of her upcoming journey to North Carolina. Is sending a new book for the minutes to her.","Announces the death of her aunt, Ann Pamela Cunningham.","Looking forward to upcoming meeting. Her father has been ill. Discusses various acquaintances.","Has not heard back from her as to his recommendations. Discusses suggestions and wants to meet her in person.","Looking forward to a pleasant meeting. Wants her to give a welcome address to the Governor of the State.","Looks forward to seeing her on Tuesday.","Thanks her for her letter of sympathy. Had a severe pleurisy but is recovering. Suggests doing entertainments, like Lady Washington tea parties, to raise an endowment fund.","Is unable to attend the upcoming Council meeting. Speaks of hopes for the meeting.","John A. unknown. Will come to Mount Vernon the next day.","Thanks her for many kindnesses. Speaks of other Vice Regents whom she has seen recently. Discussion of politics of Association. Suggests a possible Vice Regent for Massachusetts. Sends her best to Camille.","Discusses politics of Association and a desecration (trespass) that occurred at Mount Vernon recently. Refers to it as an \"outrage.\" Wants perpetrators found. Happened on a Sunday, so she suggests visitors not be allowed to be there on Sunday as Col. Hollingsworth is not there that day.","Congratulates her on good health. Discusses incoming money from various people. Wants to fix up the Council rooms. Will probably take an ocean voyage soon for her health.","Wants to know if she may furnish a bedroom with furniture built from patterns of old style. Will put up a state of Wisconsin coat of arms over the entry.","Wants to encourage Vice Regent from Kentucky to stay on the Council. Miss Cunningham's papers are in the hands of Florida Cunningham.","Has decided to take an ocean voyage but wants to have a companion. Sent her $50 for the barn to Mr. Riggs. Appealed to New York Stock Exchange for contributions to the endowment fund. Discusses furniture for a room at Mount Vernon. Discussed furnishing a parlour at \tMount Vernon by a group in Bridgeport. Discusses woman who will take her duties while she's away who wants to hear from Laughton in response to some questions.","So sorry to hear of Camille's illness and trusts her youth and strength will soon improve her health.","Discusses chandelier being sent. Has funds for restoring the south end portico. Has almost enough funds to restore the Alexandria front porch. Tells of donation of various plants for Mount Vernon. Wishes Camille well. Has acquired painting of the elder Pitt which she will send to Mount Vernon.","Agrees with her plans for centennial. Is about to sail on her voyage.","Wants to meet with her, without interruption from other visitors, to discuss Mount Vernon and endowment fund. Discusses furnishing of Maryland Room.","Sorry not to have answered her letter sooner. Has coat of arms of Wisconsin for Council Room. Urging Masons to work on Mausoleum before the centennial.","Discusses various Mount Vernon papers and letters to and from Miss Cunningham. Council should examine them. Is grateful for Laughton's friendship. Glad Camille is healthy again. Wants to send Maine coat of arms.","Wishes her a good new year, despite her difficulties. Col. Hollingsworth is in arrears. She has sent him money to pay for improvements ordered by Council. Discusses investments and interest returned.","(Incomplete letter) Discusses Laughton's heavy sorrow. Needs to think of Camille.","Discusses the recent Council meeting and how many things she would like to discuss with Laughton about it. Really likes Mrs. Pickens as a new Vice Regent.","Wants to know how to send the coat of arms to her and whether there is a service that ships on behalf of Mount Vernon for free.","Sorry she did not see her in Washington recently. Wants Laughton to come to the upcoming Ball in a court costume from the time of Queen Ann.","Discusses entertainment at upcoming ball, to which she sends a complimentary ticket. Wants men to come in cavalier dress. They hope to raise much money for Mount Vernon. Wants Laughton to sell tickets in Washington.","Wants to furnish the Martha Washington room simply as would have been done then. Wants to occupy that room at Council.","Was sorry Laughton could not attend the recent \"Colonial Ball.\" Will be sending $800 from the evening's entertainment.","Is still wanting to furnish the Martha Washington room on the third floor. Has sent men to measure it. Is sure everything will work out with the furniture going somewhere in the mansion which should be totally furnished by the centennial. Hopes for a happy future Council meeting.","Telling her of \"the officious statement of the Petersburg News contradicted in our city papers.\" Wanted to publish a letter about this assertion but it was not published. Looks forward to meeting her in the spring.","Tells her of organization of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York. Wants a letter from her authorizing their work.","(Incomplete letter) Tells of difficulties with the Woman's Centennial Movement which feels they should take the lead in providing for Mount Vernon.","As treasurer of the Mount Vernon Aid Society of New York, wants to suggest planting oak trees at Mount Vernon with acorns from current Mount Vernon oaks and then selling the seedlings to interested people.","(Incomplete letter) Will be unable to be at Council meeting as will not be sailing from England in time. Has sent her report to other Vice Regents and some instructions. Put her on any committees where she might be useful. Describes travels in France and England.","Is not sure his schedule will permit him to meet with the MVLA in the near future.","Expresses concern about aligning with other societies. Is trying to convince her ladies to furnish a room in the mansion but has been unsuccessful.","Concerned about Capt. Frank and his threats to lock the Alexandria gates.","Hopes Mr. Laughton soon recovers. Is concerned about fee paid by boat company which does not cover repair costs of the wharf. Association loses money on each visitor.","The furniture produced for Mt. Vernon is not good at all. She wants to refuse it.","Is unable to accept her invitation to meet the Council at Mount. Vernon.","The Legislature was unable to pass a bill about Mount Vernon in this session.","Gives two possible plans to secure a new boat contract between Mount Vernon and Washington.","Wants to know whether she should pay Col. Hollingsworth $18 for work done at Mount Vernon which he has sent her a bill for.","Hopes she got the printed minutes as well as the bill from the printer. Discusses Laughton's upcoming visit to her.","Gives praise to Regent for all she does.","Wants to send out summons to Council and wants directions in regard to the steamboat notification. Also tells of getting Mrs. Blanding's full address and sending her past minutes. Assures Laughton that Blanding wants to remain on the Council.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton expressing her sympathy, probably for the loss of Mrs. Laughton's husband the previous year. She also inquires after Mrs. Laughton's plans and her welfare.","Is worried that she might have offended Laughton in her previous letter as she heard nothing in return. Really wants to say she would never intentionally hurt her in any way.","Discusses MVLA business including Major Blake of the steamboat company and his work with Mount Vernon.","Glad to get her recent letter which was misplaced for a while. She has been having a very difficult time – her house caught fire, both her parents were ill. Is sorry Camille has been ill with measles.","Has purchased bonds on behalf of the Association, and Col. Hollingsworth has made deposits she referred to.","Sends her belated condolences and looks forward to meeting all the ladies of the Council.","Is so sorry she was unable to attend Council this spring. Is sure all the Vice Regents will welcome her back. Assigns her proxy to another woman.","Has completed the minutes of 1880 and is working on the ones for 1881. Asks what should be done with the minutes. Feels Col. Hollingsworth should not have access to them as he is discussed in them. Wants to send the duplicate records to Laughton.","On behalf of the ladies of Kansas, wants to know procedure for securing a room at the estate for her state to adopt.","Discusses the difficulty of getting people to send in their bills in a timely manner. Discusses work on the greenhouse and costs associated with that. Wants to dismiss West Ford and his two boys as they're almost always sick and live in a \"dirty squalid manner.\"","He is nearly finished painting the roof of the barn. Requests $300 for this and the painting of the Mansion. They have had very few visitors this month. Rain is much needed. Food for people and cattle has to be purchased.","Describes visit by French and Germans on their way to Yorktown. They saw the tomb and mansion, staying for an hour, before returning to their boat for lunch. Also entertained some descendants of Von Steuben.","Thanks her on behalf of the North American St. George's Union for the attentions shown to them at Mount Vernon.","Was not pleased by restorer recommended. Wants to purchase a marble bust of Washington. Same dealer claimed to have a Houdon bust too. Might return the sofa in exchange for some chairs. Is glad Laughton is so young as it assures she will be around for quite a while at Mount Vernon. Sends $50 for the endowment fund.","Encloses tracings of design for gateway at shore and causeway leading from steamboat landing to be paid for by donations from the state of California. Discusses difficulties in putting in pilings to protect from problems due to flooding and ice.","Tells her of his attempts to convince various secretaries in Washington to appoint Miss Fanny Washington Finch to some position.","Discusses invitations sent to various people and who is, and is not, going to attend the upcoming Council. Fears that Connecticut will cause difficulties.","Says there is not currently an opening at the European Consulate, but he will keep her acquaintance in mind if one should become available.","Thanks her for acknowledging receipt of pamphlet and complains that most do not let her know they got it, after she puts so much work into producing it. Discusses possible problem in minutes but says she knows she got it right as they were read out two times at Council. No fault to her.","Apparently Mrs. Mitchell had asked her whether a Council would be called soon as there are concerns about the way things are going on. Assures her of her loyalty in all things but invisibly to the other Vice Regents.","Tells her a party of 12 will be touring Mount Vernon and wants to have their lunch on the lawn, but if the weather is bad, asks whether they could possibly eat in the kitchen.","Discusses ceremonial for dedication of the Washington National Monument and that he has reserved 12 seats for Vice Regents of Mount Vernon. He especially hopes she will attend.","Is unable to accept her invitation to visit as she has to travel by a different route. Discusses one dissenting voice (\"your friend from the D.C.\") to arrangements at the table. Hopes they can get together informally before Council to hear about any difficulties.","Discusses Laughton meeting with Mr. Richard Merrick and publishing an account of his opinions on the MVLA in the Council Minutes of 1885.","Thanks her for lovely visit. Also discusses health concerns.","Wants to invite Archdeacon to have lunch at his college for the deaf in Washington during his visit to Laughton. Was very impressed with his address to Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.","Thanks her for arranging a visit to Mount Vernon on Sunday.","Is concerned when she does not receive a reply to a few letters. Discusses how marvelous her grandson is, having graduated before he was 18 and taking two degrees. Now attending Johns Hopkins. Agrees that Dodge will make a good superintendent. Talks about mutual friends and previous visits.","Gave her messages to Mr. Dodge. Would like to resign as Secretary after next Council.","Has been organizing lady managers in Michigan, between forty and fifty of them. Hopes for good results. Wants to know what her state could undertake at the Mansion – the stairway or cupola. Her idea for cupola is to have four of the windows have stained glass pictures illustrating some scene from Washington's life, and the other four be plain glass.","Personal matters. Wishes to have an upper box for $15.","Was surprised to be informed through Mr. Dodge that he was being let go in order to hire his nephew. He really needs the job, having many people dependent on him. Appeals to her for a just consideration of his cause.","Encloses another sketch of the sideboard. Describes it and a mirror and gives prices for both.","Must decline her invitation to visit as they are moving to the country. Was amused at her account of the President's visit and said \"what a pity we can't have more refined people at the head of our government.\"","Discusses an upcoming meeting and where they could go after lunch if the weather is fine.","Congratulates her on the christening of the new steamboat. Was so sorry he could not be there due to his illness.","Regrets not being able to visit her, but they're staying at home in order to work on things there. Also complains of fatigue from the Council meeting – says no one but the two of them does any work for it. Describes an inquiry from Mrs. Hudson wanting to know the Regent's address. Quotes it verbatim as well as her reply. Other talk about other vice regents.","Gives many reasons why she is unable to accept her invitation to visit. Describes a violin for sale supposedly owned by George Washington. Need to appoint good women to be vice regents who will take some of the burden off Laughton's shoulders. Lists many of the things oppressing her.","His company published Lossing's \"Mt. Vernon\" and would like to republish it at a lower price. He wants to know whether they could make an arrangement with the association for this.","Could not see her as she had strained her ankle. Tells of the impending death of Hattie whose passing will break her mother's heart.","Hopes she is recovering and that she got the muffins she sent her. Hattie Thayer, her niece, died. She had been extremely close to Justine's daughter. Inquires as to her activities.","This is an invitation from the National Society Daughters of the American Revolution for her to attend the Conference of Regents in October.","Sorry to hear of her illness. Hopes she will soon be better and able to travel to Spain to see Camille and her grandchildren.","(Incomplete letter) Gives him the history of the formation of the Mount Vernon Ladies Association.","Discusses an event with some Japanese visitors and being on the balcony overlooking a sea of people. Was most impressed by the Japanese. Looking forward to returning home.","Has been in much neuralgia pain lately. Went to Mount Vernon and was much pleased by the repairs. She and Camille slept in the room occupied by Lafayette when he visited.","Tells him his dismissal from employment at Mount Vernon is solely at the discretion of the superintendent, Mr. Dodge and due to his disregard for directions.","Letter from Harriet Lane Johnston to Jose de Pedroso, a Spanish nobleman married to Camille Berghmans de Pedroso, the daughter of Lily Macalester Berghmans Laughton. In the letter, Mrs. Johnston accepts an invitation to dine with Mr. de Pedroso.","Recommends one of the plans for the wharf, with some modifications. Recommends a roof over a portion of the pier. Design should be plain and serviceable.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning mostly mutual acquaintances, friends, and family. The letter inquires after Lily Macalester Berghmans, Lane's close friend. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Letter from Harriet Lane at Wheatland to Charles Macalester concerning the return of Lily Macalester Berghmans to Philadelphia and a future visit with her. It is unclear if the letter is addressed to Lily Berghman's father or brother, as both were named Charles Macalester.","Tells him what a wonderful idea the acquisition of Mount Vernon in private hands was. Tells of the solicitation of contributions in small sums from the whole people of the United States. Talked of Edward Everett who delivered many addresses on Washington to raise money. Started an endowment fund for the care and maintenance of the grounds. Wishes him to make a contribution toward restoring Washington's tomb.","Pledges to collect $1,000 and hopes each state will do the same. Wishes her good health. (No year on letter. Was maybe 1875 since it refers to upcoming centennial celebrations in 1876)","Appeals to her to keep his job at Mount Vernon.","Invitation written by an unknown individual, \"The Secretary of War and Mrs. Endicott request the pleasure of Mrs. Laughton's company on Friday evening February eighteenth at half past nine o'clock to meet the President and Mrs. Cleveland.\" Autograph note.","Note regarding a motion to refund the Endowment Fund with surplus income. Motion was abandoned because of a \"misapprehension\" about borrowing.","Gives history of Mount Vernon from 1674 on. He details 13 transfers of the estate from then on.","Is a listing of expenditures and receipts.","List of expenses and receipts.","Tells how to distribute papers in her possession on her death.","He had custody of a suit of clothes of Washington's. Were taken by Union soldiers in 1862. Saw them again in 1877 when visiting Mount Vernon. Was very happy to see them there. (Also contains a tabulation of points about forest legislation.)","Called for May 26. Steamer will bring them from Washington the previous evening.","(Includes typed version.) Includes descriptions of President Buchanan and his election campaign against Abraham Lincoln.","Reports death of Vice Regent from Illinois, who was appointed by Miss Cunningham. Also reports death of two from advisory board. Is so glad so many are at the Council meeting.","Much discussion of the lunch table and its closing. Did inventory of lunch table. Captain Blake was not supplied with lunches. Sarah Johnson refuses to cook for him, despite order of Council. Emphatically denies any theft or embezzlement by him.","Gives account of various gifts to him which he gave to the Association. Can produce vouchers to document his payments made after the abolition of the lunch table.","So appreciative for kind words from Council. Mount Vernon has meant so much to her for so long.","Talked about a dinner with Southern governors and Miss Lane which was quite light and gay in response to events in Charleston. The President was quite worried about what it all meant and later urged his Cabinet to remain in their posts, if Lincoln was elected, and not to return to the south.","Note concerning a Council motion to express pleasure on the naming of the steamboat Charles Macalester to honor all Mr. Macalester did for the cause of Mount Vernon.","\"Wash. D.C. April 1st 1890 Received of Mrs. Laughton $1.50 for watching the month of March 1890. Received payment Francis Burdette Special Officer\"","Letters of acceptance and regrets to attend the maiden voyage celebrations, May 1890. Includes letters by Judge John Davis, Thomas F. Bayard, Juliet Adele Bainbridge-Hoff, and others."],"names_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association","Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Johnson, Christie","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","McMakin, Mary A.","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Herbert, Ella Smith, 1845-1884","Whitney, Flora Payne, 1842-1893","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Endicott, William Crowninshield, 1826-1900"],"corpname_ssim":["Archives of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association"],"persname_ssim":["Blanding, Magdalen Gordon, 1823-1885","Chace, Abby Wheaton Pearce","Comegys, Margaret Douglass, 1816-1888","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Farnsworth, Hannah Blake, 1802-1879","Harper, Emily L. (Emily Louisa), 1812-1892","Mitchell, Martha Reed, 1818-1902","Sweat, Margaret J.M. (Margaret Jane Mussey), 1823-1908","Washington, Ella Bassett, 1834-1898","Walker, Letitia Morehead, 1823-1908","Halsted, Nancy Marsh, 1817-1891","Dillon, Luke C., 1836-1904","Dodge, Harrison Howell, 1852-1937","Laughton, Lily Macalester Berghmans, 1832-1891","Johnston, Harriet Lane, 1830-1903","Comegys, Harriet Clayton, 1840-1927","Schuyler, Mary Morris Hamilton, 1818-1877","Johnson, Christie","Mason, Betsey (Elizabeth Price), 1802-1873","Macalester, Charles, 1798-1873","Tracy, Sarah, 1820-1896","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Hudson, Susan Edwards Johnson, 1825-1913","McMakin, Mary A.","Riggs, George Washington, 1813-1881","Hollingsworth, John McHenry, 1823-1889","Herbert, Ella Smith, 1845-1884","Whitney, Flora Payne, 1842-1893","Townsend, Justine Van Rensselaer, 1828-1912","Eve, Philoclea Edgeworth Casey, 1813-1889","Rathbone, Elizabeth Adams, 1837-1923","Richardson, Ida Ann Slocomb, 1830-1910","Meigs, Montgomery C. (Montgomery Cunningham), 1816-1892","Endicott, William Crowninshield, 1826-1900"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":256,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_2_resources_22_c03"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01_c01_c20","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Europe","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01_c01_c20#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01_c01_c20","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01_c01_c20"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01_c01_c20","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01_c01","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Leonard J. Currie Papers,","Series I: Photographs, Negatives, A/V Materials,","Subseries A: Travel and International Work Photographs,"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Leonard J. Currie Papers,","Series I: Photographs, Negatives, A/V Materials,","Subseries A: Travel and International Work Photographs,"],"text":["Leonard J. Currie Papers,","Series I: Photographs, Negatives, A/V Materials,","Subseries A: Travel and International Work Photographs,","Europe"],"title_filing_ssi":"Europe","title_ssm":["Europe"],"title_tesim":["Europe"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Europe"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Leonard J. Currie Papers,"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":59,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0/components#19","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:08:14.629Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2315.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Currie, Leonard J. Papers","title_ssm":["Leonard J. Currie Papers,"],"title_tesim":["Leonard J. Currie Papers,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1920-2001"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1920-2001"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2007.028"],"text":["Ms.2007.028","Leonard J. Currie Papers,","Blacksburg (Va.)","Architects","Architects -- Virginia","Faculty and staff","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University History","Collection is open for research.","Please note: Photographs are arranged as their own series, since many rolls of film contain both personal and professional/project related photographs and negatives. Within the series, photographs are arranged in travel/international work, US buildings/projects, and personal subseries. See the series note below on Series I: Photographs and Negatives for more on their arrangement.","The guide to the Leonard J. Currie Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Office of the Vice-President, Louis A. Pardue, 1950-1963. RG 3/3","Records of the Office of the President, Walter S. Newman, 1947-1962 (Bulk 1947-1961). RG 2/10","Ute Westrom Architectural Papers, 1968-1996. Ms1996-023","Virginia M. Hertz Currie Papers, 1934-2000. Ms2001-005","Walter Gropius/ G. Preston Frazer Papers, 1969-1992. Ms1992-052","Currie received a Bachelor of Architecture from University of Minnesota in 1936, married Virginia M. Herz in 1937, and earned a Masters degree from Harvard in 1938, then served an two-year apprenticeship with Marcel Breuer and Walter Gropius at their firm. After that he worked on many projects in Latin America, taught at Harvard, and headed the architecture departments of Virginia Tech and University of Illinois at Chicago. He practiced architecture privately in firms from the 1970s to the 1990s, and became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 1993. The 1961 house he designed for his family in Blacksburg, Virginia, commonly called the \"Pagoda House,\" won awards from the AIA and is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Currie Papers include sets of blueprints and drawings for about 25 architectural projects and papers relating to his teaching. There are also files and reports on his work in Latin America, both on historic sites and improving housing for the poor. Unprocessed.","When known, site locations are provided. A majority of the residences are from the Blacksburg/Southwest Virginia area, since this is where Currie was based from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. Projects known to be located in other states are listed by state in subseries below.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note:  this collection is currently being processed. Portions of the collection which are fully processed are listed in this finding aid. This includes photographs and negatives, flat files and oversize drawings from personal and professional projects, and a few artifacts. As more materials are processed, additional series and subseries will be published. Other portions of the collection may be available for research--contact Special Collections (specref@vt.edu) for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture (1974-1978)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture and Urban Studies (1978-2022)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute. College of Architecture","Currie, Leonard J. (Leonard James), 1913-1996","The materials in this collection are predominantly written in English and Spanish. However, some papers also contain German, Russian, and French."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2007.028"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Leonard J. Currie Papers,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Leonard J. Currie Papers,"],"collection_ssim":["Leonard J. Currie Papers,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Currie, Leonard J. (Leonard James), 1913-1996"],"creator_ssim":["Currie, Leonard J. (Leonard James), 1913-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Currie, Leonard J. (Leonard James), 1913-1996"],"creators_ssim":["Currie, Leonard J. (Leonard James), 1913-1996"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Architects -- Virginia","Faculty and staff","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Architects -- Virginia","Faculty and staff","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10 Cubic Feet 14 boxes; 30 oversize folders--processed materials ONLY"],"extent_tesim":["10 Cubic Feet 14 boxes; 30 oversize folders--processed materials ONLY"],"date_range_isim":[1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePlease note: Photographs are arranged as their own series, since many rolls of film contain both personal and professional/project related photographs and negatives. Within the series, photographs are arranged in travel/international work, US buildings/projects, and personal subseries. See the series note below on Series I: Photographs and Negatives for more on their arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Please note: Photographs are arranged as their own series, since many rolls of film contain both personal and professional/project related photographs and negatives. Within the series, photographs are arranged in travel/international work, US buildings/projects, and personal subseries. See the series note below on Series I: Photographs and Negatives for more on their arrangement."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Leonard J. Currie Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Leonard J. Currie Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Leonard J. Currie Papers, Ms2007-028, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Leonard J. Currie Papers, Ms2007-028, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00180.xml\" show=\"new\" title=\"Office of the Vice-President, Louis Pardue, 1950-1963. RG 3/3\"\u003eOffice of the Vice-President, Louis A. Pardue, 1950-1963. RG 3/3\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00086.xml\" show=\"new\" title=\"Records of the Office of the President, Walter S. Newman, 1947-1962 (Bulk 1947-1961). RG 2/10\"\u003eRecords of the Office of the President, Walter S. Newman, 1947-1962 (Bulk 1947-1961). RG 2/10\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00195.xml\" show=\"new\" title=\"Ute Westrom Architectural Papers, 1968-1996. Ms1996-023\"\u003eUte Westrom Architectural Papers, 1968-1996. Ms1996-023\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00538.xml\" show=\"new\" title=\"Virginia M. Hertz Currie Papers, 1934-2000. Ms2001-005\"\u003eVirginia M. Hertz Currie Papers, 1934-2000. Ms2001-005\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00517.xml\" show=\"new\" title=\"Walter Gropius/ G. Preston Frazer Papers, 1969-1992. Ms1992-052\"\u003eWalter Gropius/ G. Preston Frazer Papers, 1969-1992. Ms1992-052\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Office of the Vice-President, Louis A. Pardue, 1950-1963. RG 3/3","Records of the Office of the President, Walter S. Newman, 1947-1962 (Bulk 1947-1961). RG 2/10","Ute Westrom Architectural Papers, 1968-1996. Ms1996-023","Virginia M. Hertz Currie Papers, 1934-2000. Ms2001-005","Walter Gropius/ G. Preston Frazer Papers, 1969-1992. Ms1992-052"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCurrie received a Bachelor of Architecture from University of Minnesota in 1936, married Virginia M. Herz in 1937, and earned a Masters degree from Harvard in 1938, then served an two-year apprenticeship with Marcel Breuer and Walter Gropius at their firm. After that he worked on many projects in Latin America, taught at Harvard, and headed the architecture departments of Virginia Tech and University of Illinois at Chicago. He practiced architecture privately in firms from the 1970s to the 1990s, and became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 1993. The 1961 house he designed for his family in Blacksburg, Virginia, commonly called the \"Pagoda House,\" won awards from the AIA and is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Currie Papers include sets of blueprints and drawings for about 25 architectural projects and papers relating to his teaching. There are also files and reports on his work in Latin America, both on historic sites and improving housing for the poor. Unprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen known, site locations are provided. A majority of the residences are from the Blacksburg/Southwest Virginia area, since this is where Currie was based from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. Projects known to be located in other states are listed by state in subseries below.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Currie received a Bachelor of Architecture from University of Minnesota in 1936, married Virginia M. Herz in 1937, and earned a Masters degree from Harvard in 1938, then served an two-year apprenticeship with Marcel Breuer and Walter Gropius at their firm. After that he worked on many projects in Latin America, taught at Harvard, and headed the architecture departments of Virginia Tech and University of Illinois at Chicago. He practiced architecture privately in firms from the 1970s to the 1990s, and became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (AIA) in 1993. The 1961 house he designed for his family in Blacksburg, Virginia, commonly called the \"Pagoda House,\" won awards from the AIA and is on the National Register of Historic Places. The Currie Papers include sets of blueprints and drawings for about 25 architectural projects and papers relating to his teaching. There are also files and reports on his work in Latin America, both on historic sites and improving housing for the poor. Unprocessed.","When known, site locations are provided. A majority of the residences are from the Blacksburg/Southwest Virginia area, since this is where Currie was based from the late 1980s to the mid-1990s. Projects known to be located in other states are listed by state in subseries below."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_53c49d6ccac0c48afee0ee09a9f96aa8\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e this collection is currently being processed. Portions of the collection which are fully processed are listed in this finding aid. This includes photographs and negatives, flat files and oversize drawings from personal and professional projects, and a few artifacts. As more materials are processed, additional series and subseries will be published. Other portions of the collection may be available for research--contact Special Collections (specref@vt.edu) for more information.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Please note:  this collection is currently being processed. Portions of the collection which are fully processed are listed in this finding aid. This includes photographs and negatives, flat files and oversize drawings from personal and professional projects, and a few artifacts. As more materials are processed, additional series and subseries will be published. Other portions of the collection may be available for research--contact Special Collections (specref@vt.edu) for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture (1974-1978)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture and Urban Studies (1978-2022)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute. College of Architecture"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture (1974-1978)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture and Urban Studies (1978-2022)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute. College of Architecture","Currie, Leonard J. (Leonard James), 1913-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture (1974-1978)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. College of Architecture and Urban Studies (1978-2022)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute. College of Architecture"],"persname_ssim":["Currie, Leonard J. (Leonard James), 1913-1996"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are predominantly written in English and Spanish. However, some papers also contain German, Russian, and French."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":334,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:08:14.629Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2315_c01_c01_c20"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c09","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c09#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c09","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c09"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c09","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements"],"text":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements","Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)","ETA (Organization)","ETA (Organization)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)","title_ssm":["Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)"],"title_tesim":["Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-2011"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965/2011"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":80,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"names_ssim":["ETA (Organization)","ETA (Organization)"],"corpname_ssim":["ETA (Organization)"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#8","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:14.908Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_761.xml","title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"text":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761","Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. ","The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014 Teaching and scholarship Ephemera and objects","Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote  Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations , co-edited  European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow , and wrote two volumes of  Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response .","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. ","This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.","Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out.","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","English \n,        German \n,        French \n,        Spanish; Castilian \n,        Greek, Modern (1453-) \n,        Arabic \n,        Italian \n,        Armenian \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creators_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections in multiple accretions between 2015 and 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOnly select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. \u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eExtremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and scholarship\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and objects\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014 Teaching and scholarship Ephemera and objects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStarting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEurope's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations\u003c/emph\u003e, co-edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEuropean Terrorism: Today \u0026amp; Tomorrow\u003c/emph\u003e, and wrote two volumes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAnti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote  Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations , co-edited  European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow , and wrote two volumes of  Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response .","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePost-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll matches have been burned out.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBowman Miller's Language Study\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTerrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabel on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDonor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9f386e50bbf17c5694f336da534cb182\"\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n,        French \n,        Spanish; Castilian \n,        Greek, Modern (1453-) \n,        Arabic \n,        Italian \n,        Armenian \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":285,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:14.908Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c09"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743_c04","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Event paperwork","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_743_c04#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eFiles comprise evaluations, checklists, talent contracts, and budgets for events and programs.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_743_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743_c04","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_743_c04"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743_c04","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_743"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_743"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["University Program Board records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["University Program Board records"],"text":["University Program Board records","Event paperwork","Cohen, Harlan, 1973-","Pharoah, Jay, 1987-","Files comprise evaluations, checklists, talent contracts, and budgets for events and programs."],"title_filing_ssi":"Event paperwork","title_ssm":["Event paperwork"],"title_tesim":["Event paperwork"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Spring 2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Event paperwork"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["University Program Board records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":14,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":32,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose."],"date_range_isim":[2012],"names_ssim":["Cohen, Harlan, 1973-","Pharoah, Jay, 1987-"],"persname_ssim":["Cohen, Harlan, 1973-","Pharoah, Jay, 1987-"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFiles comprise evaluations, checklists, talent contracts, and budgets for events and programs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Files comprise evaluations, checklists, talent contracts, and budgets for events and programs."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:14.908Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_743","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_743.xml","title_ssm":["University Program Board records"],"title_tesim":["University Program Board records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1972-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1972-2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0063","/repositories/4/resources/743"],"text":["UA 0063","/repositories/4/resources/743","University Program Board records","College students","Student activities","Scrapbooks","Photographs","Posters","Newspaper clippings","Fliers (printed matter)","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Handbook. Harrisonburg, Va. : Madison College, 1971.","The University Program Board (UPB) was first established as the Campus Program Board (CPB) in 1971. The name was updated in 1977 to coincide with the change from Madison College to James Madison University. The organization, as it was first conceived, was \"composed of students selected with the purpose of providing social, cultural, recreational, and educational activities on campus\" (Student Handbook, 1971). Those main tenets are largely in line with the current objectives of the University Program Board. ","The University Program Board organized various types of events including concerts; comedy shows; talent shows; speakers and lecturers; movie showings; hypnotists; annual Kids Drop, You Shop holiday event; Madipalooza; collaborative programming with other university organizations; co-hosting Black Emphasis Week events; Spring Break sponsored trips; Late Night Breakfast; and more.","Over the years major events were held in Godwin Hall, Wilson Hall auditorium, Memorial Hall auditorium, Taylor Down Under (TDU), Convocation Center, and most recently Atlantic Union Bank Center.","Scrapbooks with unstable bindings or detached boards were stabilized.","The scrapbook pages were removed from the binding (3-ring binder) due to condition issues.","The collection comprises scrapbooks, posters, fliers, and paperwork documenting events, concerts, and activities organized by the University Program Board (UPB). Event preparation and tear down, meetings, trainings, retreats, and team building activities involving UPB staff and student employees are also documented.","The 26 scrapbooks include newspaper clippings, photographs, calendars, and ephemera (ticket stubs, backstage passes, etc.) for events hosted by the University Program Board. Typically, one scrapbook was created and is present for each academic year beginning in 1972. The scrapbooks also document behind-the-scenes activities of UPB staff and student employees including their attendance at the National Association for Campus Activities (NACA) annual conference, planning meetings, and casual gatherings. Letters to the editor and opinion pieces from  The Breeze  address dissatisaction with UPB programming including a lack of diversity in event offerings.","Additional materials include event posters and fliers (some autographed) and talent contracts for the Spring 2012 semester.","Major events: Jesus Christ Superstar performance by the original American touring company, The Association concert, The Guess Who concert, Norman Baker lecture, Robin Williams and \"Dakota Dave\" Hull concert, and Madness at Madison concert featuring The Crystals, Chubby Checker, Tommy James, The Happenings, Gary U.S. Bond, and The Dovells.","Major events: Jim Croce concert, Nikki Giovanni lecture, Jimmy Castor Bunch concert, Bob Katz lecture on JFK assassination conspiracy, Rare Earth concert, Flash Cadillac \u0026 the Continental Kids concert, The Muledeer and Moondog Medicine Show comedy act, Seals \u0026 Crofts concert, Serendipity Singers concert, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band concert, Dick Gregory lecture, and Rufus Thomas concert.","Major events: Three Dog Night concert, America concert, Hall and Oates concert, Pure Prairie League concert, Michael Murphey concert, Fleetwood Mac concert, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band concert, Gloria Gaynor disco revue, Tom Chapin concert, Average White Band concert, and Shirley Chisholm lecture.","Major events: New Riders of the Purple Sage concert, George Benson concert, Hall and Oates concert, Marshall Tucker Band concert, Atlanta Rhythm Section concert, Mother's Finest concert, Bonnie Raitt concert, Tom Chapin concert, Doobie Brothers concert, and Little Feat concert.","Includes news articles discussing a controversial review of the Homecoming Revue talent show which featured a performance by Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.","Major events: Count Basie concert, Grafton-Stovall Theater dedication, Boston with Sammy Hagar concert, Flying Burrito Brothers concert, Crown Heights Affair concert, Outlaws with Molly Hatchet concert, John Prine concert, Tom Chapin concert, Little River Band concert, Kenny Loggins concert, Chuck Mangione concert, Jimmy Buffett concert, and Marshall Tucker Band concert.","Includes news articles discussing calls for more diverse programming.","Major events: Dixie Dregs concert, Flamin' Oh's concert, Vincent Price lecture, Dizzy Gillespie concert, John Prine concert, Molly Hatchet concert, Julian Bond lecture, Pure Prairie League concert, and Pat Benatar concert.","Newspaper clippings discuss the establishment of UPB's minority affairs committee.","Major events: The Kinks concert, Betty Williams lecture, Second City comedy show, Gerald Ford lecture, Weird Al Yankovic concert, Dr. Ruth lecture, The Motels concert, and Thompson Twins concert.","Major events: Chuck Mangione concert, Hank Williams Jr. with Earl Thomas Conley concert, Hooters concert, Awareness Art Ensemble concert, Bob Hope lecture, Max Weinberg concert, Yolanda King lecture, .38 Special concert, and Hoodoo Gurus concert.","Major events: James Kilpatrick lecture, Jimmy Buffett concert, Hoodoo Gurus concert, Lou Rawls concert, Nikki Giovanni lecture, controversial showing of the X-rated movie  Last Tango in Paris , and 10,000 Maniacs concert.","Major events: BoDeans concert, Steven Wright comedy show, Bruce Hornsby and the Range concert, UB40 concert, Gallagher comedy show, and Oliver North lecture.","Includes picture of Lou Rawls.","Major events: Edie Brickell \u0026 the New Bohemians concert, Little Feat concert, Marty Putz and Bertice Berry comedy show, New Potato Caboose concert, Adrian Belew concert, Yellowjackets concert, Jehan Sadat lecture, David Aikman lecture, Bobcat Goldthwait comedy show, Hoodoo Gurus concert, and Joe Clark lecture.","Major events: EU (Experience Unlimited) concert, Jeff Dunham ventriloquism show, Sarah Weddington lecture, Joe Piscopo performance, The Romantics concert, Robert Klein performance, and Public Enemy concert.","Major events: Toad the Wet Sprocket concert, Allman Brothers Band concert, Speech (rapper with Arrested Development) lecture, James Brown concert, Jane Elliott lecture, Carrot Top comedy show, Maya Angelou lecture, Dave Matthews Band concert, and Tom Deluca hypnosis and comedy show","Major events: MasterCard Acts: American Collegiate Talent Search.","Major events: Mark Rust concert, Matthew Sweet concert, Cornel West lecture, and  FeSKAval featuring Ruder Than You.","Major events: Wyclef Jean featuring Refugee Camp All-Stars concert, Norm Macdonald comedy show, Ben Harper concert, John Waters lecture, and Widespread Panic concert.","Photographs document an impromptu show by Wyclef Jean and John Forté at the Howard Johnson's Motor Lodge which was used as a dormitory.","Major events: campus visit by Tibetan monks, Fighting Gravity concert, Cracker concert, Spike Lee lecture, Third Eye Blind and Eve 6 concert, Busta Rhymes concert, Kweisi Mfume lecture, and Jim Breuer comedy show.","Major events: Vertical Horizon concert.","Major events: Black Eyed Peas concert, Gavin DeGraw concert, Paul Rusesabagina address and showing of  Hotel Rwanda , Bruce Campbell appearance, Jimmy Eat World concert, and Mark Curry comedy show.","Major events: Ron Jeremy and Craig Gross debate, Guster concert, Recycled Percussion concert, Lupe Fiasco concert, and Ben Folds concert.","Major events: Dennis Haskins Q\u0026A, Gym Class Heroes concert, Cocoa Brown comedy show, Baron Vaughn comedy show, Rock the Vote event featuring Real World stars Jose Tapia and Robin Hibbard, Josh Gracin concert, Judson Laipply (famous for Evolution of Dance YouTube video) performance, Uganda Child Soldier Awareness Week speakers Grace Akallo and Betty Bigombe, Say Anything concert, Mae concert, T-Pain concert, and Jim Breuer comedy show.","Major events: Boys Like Girls concert and Jay McCarroll \"Trashion\" Show.","Major events: Corey Smith concert, Third Eye Blind concert, and Aziz Ansari comedy show.","Major events: B.o.B. concert, Sara Bareilles concert, Cartel concert, Wiz Khalifa concert, Arthur Moats lecture, Michael Ian Black comedy show, Andrew Jenks lecture, and Geoff LaTulippe lecture.","Compilation of photo booth pictures taken during a late night breakfast prior to the demolition of D-Hall (aka Gibbons Hall).","Includes multiple signed Flo Milli posters.","Some fliers are signed by the artists including several signed copies of Flo Milli's set list.","Files comprise evaluations, checklists, talent contracts, and budgets for events and programs.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose.","Comprises scrapbooks, posters, fliers, and paperwork documenting events, concerts, and activities organized by the University Program Board (UPB). Event preparation and tear down, meetings, and team building activities involving UPB staff and student employees are also documented.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","University Program Board. James Madison University","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Students","James Madison University -- History","James Madison University -- Students","Crystals (Musical group)","Happenings (Musical group)","Dovells (Musical group)","Guess Who (Musical group)","Association (Musical group)","Flash Cadillac (Musical group)","Jimmy Castor Bunch","Rare Earth (Musical group)","Nitty Gritty Dirt Band","Serendipity Singers","Seals \u0026 Crofts","Three Dog Night (Musical group)","America (Musical group)","Fleetwood Mac (Musical group)","Average White Band","Pure Prairie League (Musical group)","Hall and Oates","New Riders of the Purple Sage","Marshall Tucker Band","Atlanta Rhythm Section (Musical group)","Mother's Finest (Musical group)","Doobie Brothers","Little Feat (Musical group)","Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.. Iota Alpha Chapter (1971-) (James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.)","Flying Burrito Bros","Boston (Musical group)","Outlaws (Musical group)","Molly Hatchet (Musical group)","Crown Heights Affair (Musical group)","Little River Band","Dixie Dregs (Musical group)","Flamin' Oh's (Musical group)","Motels (Musical group)","Thompson Twins (Musical group)","Second City (Theater company)","Kinks (Musical group)","Hooters (Musical group)",".38 Special (Musical group)","Hoodoo Gurus (Musical group)","10,000 Maniacs (Musical group)","BoDeans (Musical group)","UB40 (Musical group)","Range (Musical group)","New Bohemians (Musical group)","New Potato Caboose (Musical group)","Yellowjackets (Musical group)","EU (Musical group)","Romantics (Musical group)","Public Enemy (Musical group)","Allman Brothers Band","Toad the Wet Sprocket (Musical group)","Dave Matthews Band","Ruder Than You (Musical group)","Refugee Camp All Stars","Widespread Panic (Musical group)","Fighting Gravity (Musical group)","Third Eye Blind (Musical group)","Eve 6 (Musical group)","Cracker (Musical group)","Vertical Horizon (Musical group)","Black Eyed Peas (Musical group)","Jimmy Eat World (Musical group)","Guster (Musical group)","Rock the Vote","Gym Class Heroes (Musical group)","Mae (Musical group)","Say Anything (Musical group)","Boys Like Girls (Musical group)","Cartel (Musical group)","J. Geils Band","Happy the Man (Musical group)","Cash Cash (Musical group)","We the Kings (Musical group)","Bonds, Gary U. S., 1939-","James, Tommy, 1947-","Checker, Chubby, 1941-","Baker, Norman (Norman Leonard), 1928-2017","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Croce, Jim, 1943-1973","Thomas, Rufus, 1917-2001","Gregory, Dick, 1932-2017","Chapin, Tom, 1945-","Murphey, Michael, 1945-","Gaynor, Gloria, 1949-","Chisholm, Shirley, 1924-2005","Benson, George, 1943-","Raitt, Bonnie (Bonnie Lynn), 1949-","Basie, Count, 1904-1984","Hagar, Sammy, 1947-","Loggins, Kenny, 1948-","Prine, John, 1946-","Mangione, Chuck, 1940-","Buffett, Jimmy (James William), 1946-","Bond, Julian (Horace Julian), 1940-2015","Price, Vincent, 1911-1993","Gillespie, Dizzy, 1917-1993","Benatar, Pat (1953-01-10)","Yankovic, Al, 1959-","Westheimer, Ruth K. (Ruth Karola), 1928-","Ford, Gerald R. (Gerald Rudolph), 1913-2006","Williams, Betty (1943-05-22)","Williams, Hank, Jr., 1949-","Conley, Earl Thomas, 1941-2019","Hope, Bob, 1903-2003","Weinberg, Max, 1951-","King, Yolanda","Rawls, Lou, 1933-2006","Kilpatrick, James Jackson, 1920-2010","Gallagher (Leo Anthony), 1946-2022","North, Oliver, 1943-","Wright, Steven, 1955-","Hornsby, Bruce (Bruce Randall), 1954-","Brickell, Edie (Edie Arlisa), 1966-","Berry, Bertice, 1960-","Belew, Adrian, 1949-","Sādāt, Jīhān, 1933-2021","Aikman, David, 1944-","Goldthwait, Bob, 1962-","Dunham, Jeff, 1962-","Weddington, Sarah Ragle","Piscopo, Joe","Klein, Robert, 1942-","Angelou, Maya, 1928-2014","Speech, 1968-","Carrot Top, 1967-","Elliott, Jane, 1933-","Brown, James, 1933-2006","Rust, Mark","Sweet, Matthew, 1964-","West, Cornel (Cornel Ronald), 1953-","Macdonald, Norm (Norman Gene), 1959-2021","Jean, Wyclef, 1969-","Harper, Ben, 1969-","Waters, John (John Samuel), 1946-","Forté, John, (Musician)","Lee, Spike (1957-03-20)","Breuer, Jim, 1967-","Rhymes Busta, (Musician), 1972-","Mfume, Kweisi (1948-10-24)","DeGraw, Gavin, 1977-","Rusesabagina, Paul, 1954-","Campbell, Bruce (Bruce Lorne), 1958-","Jeremy, Ron (Ronald Jeremy), 1953-","Gross, Craig, 1975-","Fiasco, Lupe, 1982-","Folds, Ben, 1966-","Gracin, Josh","Vaughn, Baron, 1980-","Brown, Cocoa, 1972-","Haskins, Dennis, 1950-","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","T-Pain, 1985-","Bigombe, Betty","Akallo, Grace","McCarroll, Jay, 1974-","Ansari, Aziz (Aziz Ishmael), 1983-","Smith, Corey, 1979-","Black, Michael Ian, 1971-","Bareilles, Sara (Sara Beth) (1979-12-07)","B.o.B., 1988-","Khalifa, Wiz, 1987-","LaTulippe, Geoff","Jenks, Andrew, 1986-","Yung Gravy","McCartney, Jesse, 1987-","Vine, Bryce, 1988-","Cummings, Burton (Burton L.), 1947-","Johnson, Michael, 1944-2017","Franzese, Daniel, 1978-","Cohen, Harlan, 1973-","Pharoah, Jay, 1987-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0063","/repositories/4/resources/743"],"normalized_title_ssm":["University Program Board records"],"collection_title_tesim":["University Program Board records"],"collection_ssim":["University Program Board records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["University Program Board. James Madison University","University Program Board. James Madison University"],"creator_ssim":["University Program Board. James Madison University","University Program Board. James Madison University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University Program Board. James Madison University","University Program Board. James Madison University"],"creators_ssim":["University Program Board. James Madison University","University Program Board. James Madison University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was transferred to Special Collections on March 11, 2024 by the University Program Board. The transfer was facilitated by Mary Wright, Coordinator for Student Life at UPB."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College students","Student activities","Scrapbooks","Photographs","Posters","Newspaper clippings","Fliers (printed matter)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College students","Student activities","Scrapbooks","Photographs","Posters","Newspaper clippings","Fliers (printed matter)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.9 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.9 cubic feet 6 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks","Photographs","Posters","Newspaper clippings","Fliers (printed matter)"],"date_range_isim":[1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eHandbook. Harrisonburg, Va. : Madison College, 1971.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Handbook. Harrisonburg, Va. : Madison College, 1971."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe University Program Board (UPB) was first established as the Campus Program Board (CPB) in 1971. The name was updated in 1977 to coincide with the change from Madison College to James Madison University. The organization, as it was first conceived, was \"composed of students selected with the purpose of providing social, cultural, recreational, and educational activities on campus\" (Student Handbook, 1971). Those main tenets are largely in line with the current objectives of the University Program Board. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe University Program Board organized various types of events including concerts; comedy shows; talent shows; speakers and lecturers; movie showings; hypnotists; annual Kids Drop, You Shop holiday event; Madipalooza; collaborative programming with other university organizations; co-hosting Black Emphasis Week events; Spring Break sponsored trips; Late Night Breakfast; and more.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOver the years major events were held in Godwin Hall, Wilson Hall auditorium, Memorial Hall auditorium, Taylor Down Under (TDU), Convocation Center, and most recently Atlantic Union Bank Center.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The University Program Board (UPB) was first established as the Campus Program Board (CPB) in 1971. The name was updated in 1977 to coincide with the change from Madison College to James Madison University. The organization, as it was first conceived, was \"composed of students selected with the purpose of providing social, cultural, recreational, and educational activities on campus\" (Student Handbook, 1971). Those main tenets are largely in line with the current objectives of the University Program Board. ","The University Program Board organized various types of events including concerts; comedy shows; talent shows; speakers and lecturers; movie showings; hypnotists; annual Kids Drop, You Shop holiday event; Madipalooza; collaborative programming with other university organizations; co-hosting Black Emphasis Week events; Spring Break sponsored trips; Late Night Breakfast; and more.","Over the years major events were held in Godwin Hall, Wilson Hall auditorium, Memorial Hall auditorium, Taylor Down Under (TDU), Convocation Center, and most recently Atlantic Union Bank Center."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], University Program Board Records, 1972-2023, UA 0063, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], University Program Board Records, 1972-2023, UA 0063, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eScrapbooks with unstable bindings or detached boards were stabilized.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe scrapbook pages were removed from the binding (3-ring binder) due to condition issues.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Scrapbooks with unstable bindings or detached boards were stabilized.","The scrapbook pages were removed from the binding (3-ring binder) due to condition issues."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises scrapbooks, posters, fliers, and paperwork documenting events, concerts, and activities organized by the University Program Board (UPB). Event preparation and tear down, meetings, trainings, retreats, and team building activities involving UPB staff and student employees are also documented.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 26 scrapbooks include newspaper clippings, photographs, calendars, and ephemera (ticket stubs, backstage passes, etc.) for events hosted by the University Program Board. Typically, one scrapbook was created and is present for each academic year beginning in 1972. The scrapbooks also document behind-the-scenes activities of UPB staff and student employees including their attendance at the National Association for Campus Activities (NACA) annual conference, planning meetings, and casual gatherings. Letters to the editor and opinion pieces from \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Breeze\u003c/emph\u003e address dissatisaction with UPB programming including a lack of diversity in event offerings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional materials include event posters and fliers (some autographed) and talent contracts for the Spring 2012 semester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Jesus Christ Superstar performance by the original American touring company, The Association concert, The Guess Who concert, Norman Baker lecture, Robin Williams and \"Dakota Dave\" Hull concert, and Madness at Madison concert featuring The Crystals, Chubby Checker, Tommy James, The Happenings, Gary U.S. Bond, and The Dovells.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Jim Croce concert, Nikki Giovanni lecture, Jimmy Castor Bunch concert, Bob Katz lecture on JFK assassination conspiracy, Rare Earth concert, Flash Cadillac \u0026amp; the Continental Kids concert, The Muledeer and Moondog Medicine Show comedy act, Seals \u0026amp; Crofts concert, Serendipity Singers concert, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band concert, Dick Gregory lecture, and Rufus Thomas concert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Three Dog Night concert, America concert, Hall and Oates concert, Pure Prairie League concert, Michael Murphey concert, Fleetwood Mac concert, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band concert, Gloria Gaynor disco revue, Tom Chapin concert, Average White Band concert, and Shirley Chisholm lecture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: New Riders of the Purple Sage concert, George Benson concert, Hall and Oates concert, Marshall Tucker Band concert, Atlanta Rhythm Section concert, Mother's Finest concert, Bonnie Raitt concert, Tom Chapin concert, Doobie Brothers concert, and Little Feat concert.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes news articles discussing a controversial review of the Homecoming Revue talent show which featured a performance by Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Count Basie concert, Grafton-Stovall Theater dedication, Boston with Sammy Hagar concert, Flying Burrito Brothers concert, Crown Heights Affair concert, Outlaws with Molly Hatchet concert, John Prine concert, Tom Chapin concert, Little River Band concert, Kenny Loggins concert, Chuck Mangione concert, Jimmy Buffett concert, and Marshall Tucker Band concert.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes news articles discussing calls for more diverse programming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Dixie Dregs concert, Flamin' Oh's concert, Vincent Price lecture, Dizzy Gillespie concert, John Prine concert, Molly Hatchet concert, Julian Bond lecture, Pure Prairie League concert, and Pat Benatar concert.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNewspaper clippings discuss the establishment of UPB's minority affairs committee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: The Kinks concert, Betty Williams lecture, Second City comedy show, Gerald Ford lecture, Weird Al Yankovic concert, Dr. Ruth lecture, The Motels concert, and Thompson Twins concert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Chuck Mangione concert, Hank Williams Jr. with Earl Thomas Conley concert, Hooters concert, Awareness Art Ensemble concert, Bob Hope lecture, Max Weinberg concert, Yolanda King lecture, .38 Special concert, and Hoodoo Gurus concert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: James Kilpatrick lecture, Jimmy Buffett concert, Hoodoo Gurus concert, Lou Rawls concert, Nikki Giovanni lecture, controversial showing of the X-rated movie \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLast Tango in Paris\u003c/emph\u003e, and 10,000 Maniacs concert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: BoDeans concert, Steven Wright comedy show, Bruce Hornsby and the Range concert, UB40 concert, Gallagher comedy show, and Oliver North lecture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncludes picture of Lou Rawls.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Edie Brickell \u0026amp; the New Bohemians concert, Little Feat concert, Marty Putz and Bertice Berry comedy show, New Potato Caboose concert, Adrian Belew concert, Yellowjackets concert, Jehan Sadat lecture, David Aikman lecture, Bobcat Goldthwait comedy show, Hoodoo Gurus concert, and Joe Clark lecture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: EU (Experience Unlimited) concert, Jeff Dunham ventriloquism show, Sarah Weddington lecture, Joe Piscopo performance, The Romantics concert, Robert Klein performance, and Public Enemy concert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Toad the Wet Sprocket concert, Allman Brothers Band concert, Speech (rapper with Arrested Development) lecture, James Brown concert, Jane Elliott lecture, Carrot Top comedy show, Maya Angelou lecture, Dave Matthews Band concert, and Tom Deluca hypnosis and comedy show\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: MasterCard Acts: American Collegiate Talent Search.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Mark Rust concert, Matthew Sweet concert, Cornel West lecture, and  FeSKAval featuring Ruder Than You.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Wyclef Jean featuring Refugee Camp All-Stars concert, Norm Macdonald comedy show, Ben Harper concert, John Waters lecture, and Widespread Panic concert.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs document an impromptu show by Wyclef Jean and John Forté at the Howard Johnson's Motor Lodge which was used as a dormitory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: campus visit by Tibetan monks, Fighting Gravity concert, Cracker concert, Spike Lee lecture, Third Eye Blind and Eve 6 concert, Busta Rhymes concert, Kweisi Mfume lecture, and Jim Breuer comedy show.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Vertical Horizon concert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Black Eyed Peas concert, Gavin DeGraw concert, Paul Rusesabagina address and showing of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHotel Rwanda\u003c/emph\u003e, Bruce Campbell appearance, Jimmy Eat World concert, and Mark Curry comedy show.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Ron Jeremy and Craig Gross debate, Guster concert, Recycled Percussion concert, Lupe Fiasco concert, and Ben Folds concert.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Dennis Haskins Q\u0026amp;A, Gym Class Heroes concert, Cocoa Brown comedy show, Baron Vaughn comedy show, Rock the Vote event featuring Real World stars Jose Tapia and Robin Hibbard, Josh Gracin concert, Judson Laipply (famous for Evolution of Dance YouTube video) performance, Uganda Child Soldier Awareness Week speakers Grace Akallo and Betty Bigombe, Say Anything concert, Mae concert, T-Pain concert, and Jim Breuer comedy show.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Boys Like Girls concert and Jay McCarroll \"Trashion\" Show.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: Corey Smith concert, Third Eye Blind concert, and Aziz Ansari comedy show.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor events: B.o.B. concert, Sara Bareilles concert, Cartel concert, Wiz Khalifa concert, Arthur Moats lecture, Michael Ian Black comedy show, Andrew Jenks lecture, and Geoff LaTulippe lecture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompilation of photo booth pictures taken during a late night breakfast prior to the demolition of D-Hall (aka Gibbons Hall).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes multiple signed Flo Milli posters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome fliers are signed by the artists including several signed copies of Flo Milli's set list.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles comprise evaluations, checklists, talent contracts, and budgets for events and programs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises scrapbooks, posters, fliers, and paperwork documenting events, concerts, and activities organized by the University Program Board (UPB). Event preparation and tear down, meetings, trainings, retreats, and team building activities involving UPB staff and student employees are also documented.","The 26 scrapbooks include newspaper clippings, photographs, calendars, and ephemera (ticket stubs, backstage passes, etc.) for events hosted by the University Program Board. Typically, one scrapbook was created and is present for each academic year beginning in 1972. The scrapbooks also document behind-the-scenes activities of UPB staff and student employees including their attendance at the National Association for Campus Activities (NACA) annual conference, planning meetings, and casual gatherings. Letters to the editor and opinion pieces from  The Breeze  address dissatisaction with UPB programming including a lack of diversity in event offerings.","Additional materials include event posters and fliers (some autographed) and talent contracts for the Spring 2012 semester.","Major events: Jesus Christ Superstar performance by the original American touring company, The Association concert, The Guess Who concert, Norman Baker lecture, Robin Williams and \"Dakota Dave\" Hull concert, and Madness at Madison concert featuring The Crystals, Chubby Checker, Tommy James, The Happenings, Gary U.S. Bond, and The Dovells.","Major events: Jim Croce concert, Nikki Giovanni lecture, Jimmy Castor Bunch concert, Bob Katz lecture on JFK assassination conspiracy, Rare Earth concert, Flash Cadillac \u0026 the Continental Kids concert, The Muledeer and Moondog Medicine Show comedy act, Seals \u0026 Crofts concert, Serendipity Singers concert, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band concert, Dick Gregory lecture, and Rufus Thomas concert.","Major events: Three Dog Night concert, America concert, Hall and Oates concert, Pure Prairie League concert, Michael Murphey concert, Fleetwood Mac concert, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band concert, Gloria Gaynor disco revue, Tom Chapin concert, Average White Band concert, and Shirley Chisholm lecture.","Major events: New Riders of the Purple Sage concert, George Benson concert, Hall and Oates concert, Marshall Tucker Band concert, Atlanta Rhythm Section concert, Mother's Finest concert, Bonnie Raitt concert, Tom Chapin concert, Doobie Brothers concert, and Little Feat concert.","Includes news articles discussing a controversial review of the Homecoming Revue talent show which featured a performance by Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.","Major events: Count Basie concert, Grafton-Stovall Theater dedication, Boston with Sammy Hagar concert, Flying Burrito Brothers concert, Crown Heights Affair concert, Outlaws with Molly Hatchet concert, John Prine concert, Tom Chapin concert, Little River Band concert, Kenny Loggins concert, Chuck Mangione concert, Jimmy Buffett concert, and Marshall Tucker Band concert.","Includes news articles discussing calls for more diverse programming.","Major events: Dixie Dregs concert, Flamin' Oh's concert, Vincent Price lecture, Dizzy Gillespie concert, John Prine concert, Molly Hatchet concert, Julian Bond lecture, Pure Prairie League concert, and Pat Benatar concert.","Newspaper clippings discuss the establishment of UPB's minority affairs committee.","Major events: The Kinks concert, Betty Williams lecture, Second City comedy show, Gerald Ford lecture, Weird Al Yankovic concert, Dr. Ruth lecture, The Motels concert, and Thompson Twins concert.","Major events: Chuck Mangione concert, Hank Williams Jr. with Earl Thomas Conley concert, Hooters concert, Awareness Art Ensemble concert, Bob Hope lecture, Max Weinberg concert, Yolanda King lecture, .38 Special concert, and Hoodoo Gurus concert.","Major events: James Kilpatrick lecture, Jimmy Buffett concert, Hoodoo Gurus concert, Lou Rawls concert, Nikki Giovanni lecture, controversial showing of the X-rated movie  Last Tango in Paris , and 10,000 Maniacs concert.","Major events: BoDeans concert, Steven Wright comedy show, Bruce Hornsby and the Range concert, UB40 concert, Gallagher comedy show, and Oliver North lecture.","Includes picture of Lou Rawls.","Major events: Edie Brickell \u0026 the New Bohemians concert, Little Feat concert, Marty Putz and Bertice Berry comedy show, New Potato Caboose concert, Adrian Belew concert, Yellowjackets concert, Jehan Sadat lecture, David Aikman lecture, Bobcat Goldthwait comedy show, Hoodoo Gurus concert, and Joe Clark lecture.","Major events: EU (Experience Unlimited) concert, Jeff Dunham ventriloquism show, Sarah Weddington lecture, Joe Piscopo performance, The Romantics concert, Robert Klein performance, and Public Enemy concert.","Major events: Toad the Wet Sprocket concert, Allman Brothers Band concert, Speech (rapper with Arrested Development) lecture, James Brown concert, Jane Elliott lecture, Carrot Top comedy show, Maya Angelou lecture, Dave Matthews Band concert, and Tom Deluca hypnosis and comedy show","Major events: MasterCard Acts: American Collegiate Talent Search.","Major events: Mark Rust concert, Matthew Sweet concert, Cornel West lecture, and  FeSKAval featuring Ruder Than You.","Major events: Wyclef Jean featuring Refugee Camp All-Stars concert, Norm Macdonald comedy show, Ben Harper concert, John Waters lecture, and Widespread Panic concert.","Photographs document an impromptu show by Wyclef Jean and John Forté at the Howard Johnson's Motor Lodge which was used as a dormitory.","Major events: campus visit by Tibetan monks, Fighting Gravity concert, Cracker concert, Spike Lee lecture, Third Eye Blind and Eve 6 concert, Busta Rhymes concert, Kweisi Mfume lecture, and Jim Breuer comedy show.","Major events: Vertical Horizon concert.","Major events: Black Eyed Peas concert, Gavin DeGraw concert, Paul Rusesabagina address and showing of  Hotel Rwanda , Bruce Campbell appearance, Jimmy Eat World concert, and Mark Curry comedy show.","Major events: Ron Jeremy and Craig Gross debate, Guster concert, Recycled Percussion concert, Lupe Fiasco concert, and Ben Folds concert.","Major events: Dennis Haskins Q\u0026A, Gym Class Heroes concert, Cocoa Brown comedy show, Baron Vaughn comedy show, Rock the Vote event featuring Real World stars Jose Tapia and Robin Hibbard, Josh Gracin concert, Judson Laipply (famous for Evolution of Dance YouTube video) performance, Uganda Child Soldier Awareness Week speakers Grace Akallo and Betty Bigombe, Say Anything concert, Mae concert, T-Pain concert, and Jim Breuer comedy show.","Major events: Boys Like Girls concert and Jay McCarroll \"Trashion\" Show.","Major events: Corey Smith concert, Third Eye Blind concert, and Aziz Ansari comedy show.","Major events: B.o.B. concert, Sara Bareilles concert, Cartel concert, Wiz Khalifa concert, Arthur Moats lecture, Michael Ian Black comedy show, Andrew Jenks lecture, and Geoff LaTulippe lecture.","Compilation of photo booth pictures taken during a late night breakfast prior to the demolition of D-Hall (aka Gibbons Hall).","Includes multiple signed Flo Milli posters.","Some fliers are signed by the artists including several signed copies of Flo Milli's set list.","Files comprise evaluations, checklists, talent contracts, and budgets for events and programs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStaff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a40ba6bbc2d4496823db72ee69e32823\"\u003eComprises scrapbooks, posters, fliers, and paperwork documenting events, concerts, and activities organized by the University Program Board (UPB). Event preparation and tear down, meetings, and team building activities involving UPB staff and student employees are also documented.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Comprises scrapbooks, posters, fliers, and paperwork documenting events, concerts, and activities organized by the University Program Board (UPB). Event preparation and tear down, meetings, and team building activities involving UPB staff and student employees are also documented."],"names_coll_ssim":["University Program Board. James Madison University","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Students","James Madison University -- History","James Madison University -- Students"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","University Program Board. 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Iota Alpha Chapter (1971-) (James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.)","Flying Burrito Bros","Boston (Musical group)","Outlaws (Musical group)","Molly Hatchet (Musical group)","Crown Heights Affair (Musical group)","Little River Band","Dixie Dregs (Musical group)","Flamin' Oh's (Musical group)","Motels (Musical group)","Thompson Twins (Musical group)","Second City (Theater company)","Kinks (Musical group)","Hooters (Musical group)",".38 Special (Musical group)","Hoodoo Gurus (Musical group)","10,000 Maniacs (Musical group)","BoDeans (Musical group)","UB40 (Musical group)","Range (Musical group)","New Bohemians (Musical group)","New Potato Caboose (Musical group)","Yellowjackets (Musical group)","EU (Musical group)","Romantics (Musical group)","Public Enemy (Musical group)","Allman Brothers Band","Toad the Wet Sprocket (Musical group)","Dave Matthews Band","Ruder Than You (Musical group)","Refugee Camp All Stars","Widespread Panic (Musical group)","Fighting Gravity (Musical group)","Third Eye Blind (Musical group)","Eve 6 (Musical group)","Cracker (Musical group)","Vertical Horizon (Musical group)","Black Eyed Peas (Musical group)","Jimmy Eat World (Musical group)","Guster (Musical group)","Rock the Vote","Gym Class Heroes (Musical group)","Mae (Musical group)","Say Anything (Musical group)","Boys Like Girls (Musical group)","Cartel (Musical group)","J. Geils Band","Happy the Man (Musical group)","Cash Cash (Musical group)","We the Kings (Musical group)","Bonds, Gary U. S., 1939-","James, Tommy, 1947-","Checker, Chubby, 1941-","Baker, Norman (Norman Leonard), 1928-2017","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Croce, Jim, 1943-1973","Thomas, Rufus, 1917-2001","Gregory, Dick, 1932-2017","Chapin, Tom, 1945-","Murphey, Michael, 1945-","Gaynor, Gloria, 1949-","Chisholm, Shirley, 1924-2005","Benson, George, 1943-","Raitt, Bonnie (Bonnie Lynn), 1949-","Basie, Count, 1904-1984","Hagar, Sammy, 1947-","Loggins, Kenny, 1948-","Prine, John, 1946-","Mangione, Chuck, 1940-","Buffett, Jimmy (James William), 1946-","Bond, Julian (Horace Julian), 1940-2015","Price, Vincent, 1911-1993","Gillespie, Dizzy, 1917-1993","Benatar, Pat (1953-01-10)","Yankovic, Al, 1959-","Westheimer, Ruth K. (Ruth Karola), 1928-","Ford, Gerald R. (Gerald Rudolph), 1913-2006","Williams, Betty (1943-05-22)","Williams, Hank, Jr., 1949-","Conley, Earl Thomas, 1941-2019","Hope, Bob, 1903-2003","Weinberg, Max, 1951-","King, Yolanda","Rawls, Lou, 1933-2006","Kilpatrick, James Jackson, 1920-2010","Gallagher (Leo Anthony), 1946-2022","North, Oliver, 1943-","Wright, Steven, 1955-","Hornsby, Bruce (Bruce Randall), 1954-","Brickell, Edie (Edie Arlisa), 1966-","Berry, Bertice, 1960-","Belew, Adrian, 1949-","Sādāt, Jīhān, 1933-2021","Aikman, David, 1944-","Goldthwait, Bob, 1962-","Dunham, Jeff, 1962-","Weddington, Sarah Ragle","Piscopo, Joe","Klein, Robert, 1942-","Angelou, Maya, 1928-2014","Speech, 1968-","Carrot Top, 1967-","Elliott, Jane, 1933-","Brown, James, 1933-2006","Rust, Mark","Sweet, Matthew, 1964-","West, Cornel (Cornel Ronald), 1953-","Macdonald, Norm (Norman Gene), 1959-2021","Jean, Wyclef, 1969-","Harper, Ben, 1969-","Waters, John (John Samuel), 1946-","Forté, John, (Musician)","Lee, Spike (1957-03-20)","Breuer, Jim, 1967-","Rhymes Busta, (Musician), 1972-","Mfume, Kweisi (1948-10-24)","DeGraw, Gavin, 1977-","Rusesabagina, Paul, 1954-","Campbell, Bruce (Bruce Lorne), 1958-","Jeremy, Ron (Ronald Jeremy), 1953-","Gross, Craig, 1975-","Fiasco, Lupe, 1982-","Folds, Ben, 1966-","Gracin, Josh","Vaughn, Baron, 1980-","Brown, Cocoa, 1972-","Haskins, Dennis, 1950-","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","T-Pain, 1985-","Bigombe, Betty","Akallo, Grace","McCarroll, Jay, 1974-","Ansari, Aziz (Aziz Ishmael), 1983-","Smith, Corey, 1979-","Black, Michael Ian, 1971-","Bareilles, Sara (Sara Beth) (1979-12-07)","B.o.B., 1988-","Khalifa, Wiz, 1987-","LaTulippe, Geoff","Jenks, Andrew, 1986-","Yung Gravy","McCartney, Jesse, 1987-","Vine, Bryce, 1988-","Cummings, Burton (Burton L.), 1947-","Johnson, Michael, 1944-2017","Franzese, Daniel, 1978-","Cohen, Harlan, 1973-","Pharoah, Jay, 1987-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","University Program Board. James Madison University","Madison College -- History","Madison College -- Students","James Madison University -- History","James Madison University -- Students","Crystals (Musical group)","Happenings (Musical group)","Dovells (Musical group)","Guess Who (Musical group)","Association (Musical group)","Flash Cadillac (Musical group)","Jimmy Castor Bunch","Rare Earth (Musical group)","Nitty Gritty Dirt Band","Serendipity Singers","Seals \u0026 Crofts","Three Dog Night (Musical group)","America (Musical group)","Fleetwood Mac (Musical group)","Average White Band","Pure Prairie League (Musical group)","Hall and Oates","New Riders of the Purple Sage","Marshall Tucker Band","Atlanta Rhythm Section (Musical group)","Mother's Finest (Musical group)","Doobie Brothers","Little Feat (Musical group)","Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.. Iota Alpha Chapter (1971-) (James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.)","Flying Burrito Bros","Boston (Musical group)","Outlaws (Musical group)","Molly Hatchet (Musical group)","Crown Heights Affair (Musical group)","Little River Band","Dixie Dregs (Musical group)","Flamin' Oh's (Musical group)","Motels (Musical group)","Thompson Twins (Musical group)","Second City (Theater company)","Kinks (Musical group)","Hooters (Musical group)",".38 Special (Musical group)","Hoodoo Gurus (Musical group)","10,000 Maniacs (Musical group)","BoDeans (Musical group)","UB40 (Musical group)","Range (Musical group)","New Bohemians (Musical group)","New Potato Caboose (Musical group)","Yellowjackets (Musical group)","EU (Musical group)","Romantics (Musical group)","Public Enemy (Musical group)","Allman Brothers Band","Toad the Wet Sprocket (Musical group)","Dave Matthews Band","Ruder Than You (Musical group)","Refugee Camp All Stars","Widespread Panic (Musical group)","Fighting Gravity (Musical group)","Third Eye Blind (Musical group)","Eve 6 (Musical group)","Cracker (Musical group)","Vertical Horizon (Musical group)","Black Eyed Peas (Musical group)","Jimmy Eat World (Musical group)","Guster (Musical group)","Rock the Vote","Gym Class Heroes (Musical group)","Mae (Musical group)","Say Anything (Musical group)","Boys Like Girls (Musical group)","Cartel (Musical group)","J. Geils Band","Happy the Man (Musical group)","Cash Cash (Musical group)","We the Kings (Musical group)"],"persname_ssim":["Bonds, Gary U. S., 1939-","James, Tommy, 1947-","Checker, Chubby, 1941-","Baker, Norman (Norman Leonard), 1928-2017","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Croce, Jim, 1943-1973","Thomas, Rufus, 1917-2001","Gregory, Dick, 1932-2017","Chapin, Tom, 1945-","Murphey, Michael, 1945-","Gaynor, Gloria, 1949-","Chisholm, Shirley, 1924-2005","Benson, George, 1943-","Raitt, Bonnie (Bonnie Lynn), 1949-","Basie, Count, 1904-1984","Hagar, Sammy, 1947-","Loggins, Kenny, 1948-","Prine, John, 1946-","Mangione, Chuck, 1940-","Buffett, Jimmy (James William), 1946-","Bond, Julian (Horace Julian), 1940-2015","Price, Vincent, 1911-1993","Gillespie, Dizzy, 1917-1993","Benatar, Pat (1953-01-10)","Yankovic, Al, 1959-","Westheimer, Ruth K. (Ruth Karola), 1928-","Ford, Gerald R. (Gerald Rudolph), 1913-2006","Williams, Betty (1943-05-22)","Williams, Hank, Jr., 1949-","Conley, Earl Thomas, 1941-2019","Hope, Bob, 1903-2003","Weinberg, Max, 1951-","King, Yolanda","Rawls, Lou, 1933-2006","Kilpatrick, James Jackson, 1920-2010","Gallagher (Leo Anthony), 1946-2022","North, Oliver, 1943-","Wright, Steven, 1955-","Hornsby, Bruce (Bruce Randall), 1954-","Brickell, Edie (Edie Arlisa), 1966-","Berry, Bertice, 1960-","Belew, Adrian, 1949-","Sādāt, Jīhān, 1933-2021","Aikman, David, 1944-","Goldthwait, Bob, 1962-","Dunham, Jeff, 1962-","Weddington, Sarah Ragle","Piscopo, Joe","Klein, Robert, 1942-","Angelou, Maya, 1928-2014","Speech, 1968-","Carrot Top, 1967-","Elliott, Jane, 1933-","Brown, James, 1933-2006","Rust, Mark","Sweet, Matthew, 1964-","West, Cornel (Cornel Ronald), 1953-","Macdonald, Norm (Norman Gene), 1959-2021","Jean, Wyclef, 1969-","Harper, Ben, 1969-","Waters, John (John Samuel), 1946-","Forté, John, (Musician)","Lee, Spike (1957-03-20)","Breuer, Jim, 1967-","Rhymes Busta, (Musician), 1972-","Mfume, Kweisi (1948-10-24)","DeGraw, Gavin, 1977-","Rusesabagina, Paul, 1954-","Campbell, Bruce (Bruce Lorne), 1958-","Jeremy, Ron (Ronald Jeremy), 1953-","Gross, Craig, 1975-","Fiasco, Lupe, 1982-","Folds, Ben, 1966-","Gracin, Josh","Vaughn, Baron, 1980-","Brown, Cocoa, 1972-","Haskins, Dennis, 1950-","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","T-Pain, 1985-","Bigombe, Betty","Akallo, Grace","McCarroll, Jay, 1974-","Ansari, Aziz (Aziz Ishmael), 1983-","Smith, Corey, 1979-","Black, Michael Ian, 1971-","Bareilles, Sara (Sara Beth) (1979-12-07)","B.o.B., 1988-","Khalifa, Wiz, 1987-","LaTulippe, Geoff","Jenks, Andrew, 1986-","Yung Gravy","McCartney, Jesse, 1987-","Vine, Bryce, 1988-","Cummings, Burton (Burton L.), 1947-","Johnson, Michael, 1944-2017","Franzese, Daniel, 1978-","Cohen, Harlan, 1973-","Pharoah, Jay, 1987-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:14.908Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_743_c04"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c04","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Everyday Road Signs","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c04#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c04","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c04"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c04","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carol Barton papers","Projects and research"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carol Barton papers","Projects and research"],"text":["Carol Barton papers","Projects and research","Everyday Road Signs"],"title_filing_ssi":"Everyday Road Signs","title_ssm":["Everyday Road Signs"],"title_tesim":["Everyday Road Signs"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Everyday Road Signs"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Barton papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":9,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":52,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:18:57.997Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_638.xml","title_ssm":["Carol Barton papers"],"title_tesim":["Carol Barton papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1973-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1973-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638"],"text":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638","Carol Barton papers","Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","In addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage.","The collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition,  Miliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop , has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.","Printed Materials, 1973-2015 Projects and Research, 1975-2012 Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013 2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020","Grace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.","Barton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.","National Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton.","Carol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as  Books \u0026 Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book  (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks,  The Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark , which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000,  Vision Shifts ,  Instructions for Assembly , and  Tunnel Map  are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026 Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book,  Everyday Road Signs .","In 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court.","The papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work","Material groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.","Duplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained.","Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections.","The Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.","Series 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.","Throughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals:  The Bone Folder  (2000 \u0026 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton),  The Smithsonian Associates  (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\",  Valley Art Association Newsletter  (May-June 1999), and  The Washington Print Club Quarterly  (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.","Barton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as  The Washington Times ,  New York Times ,  Smithsonian Associates , and  Boston Globe .","Series 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research.  Instructions for Assembly  (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials.  Vision Shifts  (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs.  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark  (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for  The Lookout . As well, the book  La Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale  served as direct inspiration for  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark . Barton's first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), contains hand cut master sheets.  Everyday Road Signs  (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of  Separations , sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page.  Loom  (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print.  Tunnel Map  (1988) contains planning for  Map #1 Europe/Africa/Asia  in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for  Tunnel Map  include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.","Researchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.","Prototypes of  Pocket Paper Engineer Volume 3  are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"","Barton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in:  Visual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B ,  Art on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books ,  Orihon \u0026 More: Books By Artists ,  Under Cover: Book Arts ,  Beyond Reading ,  [Book] Art: Handmade Books ,  Book For[u]ms ,  The Pocket Paper Engineer , Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and  Mining the Lloyd .","Series 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.","The series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book  Land Forms and Air Currents .","\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon","Numbered 5/26.","Numerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings.  Ker-Bloom! , a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Barton, Carol June, 1954-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carol Barton papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carol Barton papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Barton papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creator_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creators_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carol Barton on March 23, 2017. Manuscript material was also received as part of a 2015 acquisition of Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of pop-up and artists' books. That material was incorporated into this collection. Barton made an additional donation of materials in October 2022 (accessioned in 2023)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.47 cubic feet 20 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["7.47 cubic feet 20 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"date_range_isim":[1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal Note"],"appraisal_tesim":["In addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMiliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop\u003c/emph\u003e, has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePrinted Materials, 1973-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eProjects and Research, 1975-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition,  Miliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop , has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.","Printed Materials, 1973-2015 Projects and Research, 1975-2012 Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013 2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eGrace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eBarton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eNational Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Grace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.","Barton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.","National Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBooks \u0026amp; Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book\u003c/emph\u003e (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e, which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVision Shifts\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eInstructions for Assembly\u003c/emph\u003e, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026amp; Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond the Page\u003c/emph\u003e (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEveryday Road Signs\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as  Books \u0026 Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book  (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks,  The Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark , which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000,  Vision Shifts ,  Instructions for Assembly , and  Tunnel Map  are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026 Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book,  Everyday Road Signs .","In 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, SC 0274, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, SC 0274, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work","Material groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.","Duplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bone Folder\u003c/emph\u003e (2000 \u0026amp; 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton), \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Smithsonian Associates\u003c/emph\u003e (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\", \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eValley Art Association Newsletter\u003c/emph\u003e (May-June 1999), and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Washington Print Club Quarterly\u003c/emph\u003e (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Washington Times\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Times\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSmithsonian Associates\u003c/emph\u003e, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Globe\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eInstructions for Assembly\u003c/emph\u003e (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVision Shifts\u003c/emph\u003e (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFive Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Lookout\u003c/emph\u003e. As well, the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLa Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale\u003c/emph\u003e served as direct inspiration for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFive Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e. Barton's first book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond the Page\u003c/emph\u003e (1981), contains hand cut master sheets. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEveryday Road Signs\u003c/emph\u003e (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSeparations\u003c/emph\u003e, sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLoom\u003c/emph\u003e (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e (1988) contains planning for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMap #1 Europe/Africa/Asia\u003c/emph\u003e in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrototypes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePocket Paper Engineer Volume 3\u003c/emph\u003e are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVisual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eArt on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOrihon \u0026amp; More: Books By Artists\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eUnder Cover: Book Arts\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond Reading\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e[Book] Art: Handmade Books\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBook For[u]ms\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Pocket Paper Engineer\u003c/emph\u003e, Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMining the Lloyd\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLand Forms and Air Currents\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNumbered 5/26.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.","Series 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.","Throughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals:  The Bone Folder  (2000 \u0026 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton),  The Smithsonian Associates  (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\",  Valley Art Association Newsletter  (May-June 1999), and  The Washington Print Club Quarterly  (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.","Barton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as  The Washington Times ,  New York Times ,  Smithsonian Associates , and  Boston Globe .","Series 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research.  Instructions for Assembly  (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials.  Vision Shifts  (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs.  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark  (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for  The Lookout . As well, the book  La Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale  served as direct inspiration for  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark . Barton's first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), contains hand cut master sheets.  Everyday Road Signs  (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of  Separations , sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page.  Loom  (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print.  Tunnel Map  (1988) contains planning for  Map #1 Europe/Africa/Asia  in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for  Tunnel Map  include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.","Researchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.","Prototypes of  Pocket Paper Engineer Volume 3  are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"","Barton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in:  Visual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B ,  Art on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books ,  Orihon \u0026 More: Books By Artists ,  Under Cover: Book Arts ,  Beyond Reading ,  [Book] Art: Handmade Books ,  Book For[u]ms ,  The Pocket Paper Engineer , Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and  Mining the Lloyd .","Series 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.","The series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book  Land Forms and Air Currents .","\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon","Numbered 5/26."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNumerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eKer-Bloom!\u003c/emph\u003e, a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Numerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings.  Ker-Bloom! , a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2d8e790c8752baf58256cbedb902ee64\"\u003eThe Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"persname_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":162,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:18:57.997Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c04"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c02_c05","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Executive Committee Reports","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c02_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c02_c05","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c02_c05"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c02_c05","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c02","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c02","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Student Government Association records","Committees"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Student Government Association records","Committees"],"text":["Student Government Association records","Committees","Executive Committee Reports"],"title_filing_ssi":"Executive Committee Reports","title_ssm":["Executive Committee Reports"],"title_tesim":["Executive Committee Reports"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1957-1966"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1957/1966"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Executive Committee Reports"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Student Government Association records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":139,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of certain records in series 8, Disciplinary files, that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Individual restrictions are described in the Conditions Governing Access note for the file and may include additional information about the parameters of the restriction.","Access to original audiocassettes and other physical media contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:24:36.195Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_215","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_215.xml","title_ssm":["Student Government Association records"],"title_tesim":["Student Government Association records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1915-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0007","/repositories/4/resources/215"],"text":["UA 0007","/repositories/4/resources/215","Student Government Association records","College student government","College student government -- Elections","Student activities","Student activities -- Finance","Student activities -- handbooks, manuals, etc","Student activities -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students","School discipline","Student participation in administration","Files (digital files)","Minutes (administrative records)","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Administrative records","Constitutions","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Legislative records","Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of certain records in series 8, Disciplinary files, that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Individual restrictions are described in the Conditions Governing Access note for the file and may include additional information about the parameters of the restriction.","Access to original audiocassettes and other physical media contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).","File is restricted due to the presence of Personal Identifable Information related to students. A redacted copy of this file may be requested by contacting the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This series is open for research with the exception of files within the Restricted reports sub-grouping that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Restricted files are not requestable.","Files within the this subgroup are restricted from use in compliance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974 that mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records within this group will be opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","This collection may receive additions.","The collection is arranged into 12 series:","Administrative, 1915-2015 Committees, 1931-2015 Correspondence, 1951-2003 Policies and Regulations, 1931-1971 Meeting Minutes, 1929-2012 Legislative Files, 1989-2012 Financial Files, 1987-2014 Disciplinary Files, 1922-1973 Photographs, 2000-2014 Scrapbooks, 2001-2009 Ephemera, 1930-2015 2024-0507 Accession, 2011-2024","Raymond Dingledine, Madison College: The First Fifty Years, 1908-1958 (Harrisonburg, Virginia: Madison College, 1959).","James Madison University's Student Government Association was established in February 1915 as the school's first student government. Although rumblings of self-government began with the founding of the school in 1908, it took a fair amount of effort to bring this idea to fruition. The roots of the university's SGA derive from the student Honor Council which began in the 1909-1910 school year. Students involved in the Honor Council began to create an unofficial student government that although unable to act in an official capacity, was instrumental in helping to bring about student support for self-government. By 1914, a small group of students worked together to draft a constitution for the planned student government organization and presented this constitution to the faculty. After completing revisions suggested by the faculty, the constitution was presented and voted on by the entire student body February 25, 1915 and as a result, the Student Association of the State Normal School at Harrisonburg was established. This first iteration of the organization required that the entire student body act as a member. Additionally, the Honor Committee was converted into the first Executive Board. This Executive Board included three officers (president, vice-president, and secretary), and several elected members of each class.","As the school and student population grew so did the organization and it eventually became unrealistic for the entire student body to act as members of the organization. Complications also arose within the organization with the introduction of full-time male students in 1946. At the time, it did not seem appropriate for men and women to govern students of the opposite sex. As a result, the male students decided to create their own self-government in 1950, labeling their organization the Men's Student Government Organization. The female students likewise formally relabeled their existing organization the Women's Student Government Association in 1953 to better distinguish the separation between the two groups; however, they rarely included this additional identifier. While the two groups worked together on many matters through the 50s and 60s, the organizations formally combine in 1970, creating the current manifestation of the Student Government Association. ","As of 2015, the SGA at JMU is made up of appointed members on the Executive Staff, Representatives, and At-Large Senators. Elected members include Class Council Senators, College Senators, and Area Residence Senators. The mission: The Student Government Association of James Madison University is an organization dedicated to collaborating with all members of its community to advocate for student opinion, while fostering a proactive, inclusive environment.","After reviewing the material in all accessions, about 2 linear feet of material was removed from one of the 2005 accessions. The material was largely financial forms that contained banking information or social security numbers. All binder and notebook material was removed from the original bindings and transferred into folders. All the pages from each of the scrapbooks were removed and photocopied. Photocopies were also made of the cover and back covers. This was done to help preserve the context of the photographs on the pages in preparation for possible adhesive failure.","Some of the material in this collection can be viewed on Special Collections' Student Government Association Digital Exhibit published on-line in April 2015. https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/collections/show/2","This collection documents the activities of James Madison University's Student Government Association in Harrisonburg, Virginia from 1915-2024. The collection developed from seven different accessions from the Student Government Association received in the 1990s and early 2000s and contains a wide range of material which is organized according to physical type or corresponding to subject. Much of the material in this collection derives from different meetings within the organization including: the Student Council, Student Senate, Execution Board, Senate and Council Committees, and others. A large amount of the collection is administrative material regarding the work of these different internal groups as well as the procedures which govern them. Similarly, these different internal meetings produced a fair amount of the minutes, committee reports, and legislative files found in the collection. In addition to these materials, there are also a large amount of financial files related to the budget of SGA and other on campus organizations. This collection also consists of correspondence to and from different members of the SGA usually regarding issues of student conduct on and off campus. The last major section of the collection contains photographs, scrapbooks, and ephemera memorializing different SGA events. Further descriptions of the material can be found in the series descriptions.","This is the largest series in the collection and contains material related to the function and organization of SGA, featuring a variety of documents from 1923-2013, with the bulk of this series is from 1990-2013. There is a large gap in the material around 1980s. The first folder in the series, containing the organization's first constitution and by-laws, is not original to the collection. The document was located in the 1915 Faculty Minutes in the Board of Visitors Collection, 1908-2004 (PR 99-1122), photocopied, and added to the collection on March 25, 2015. This series additionally contains some interesting material related to student strikes which took place on campus in 1969 and 1970. There is particular information related to Jay Rainey, one of the student leaders, as well as SGA's Committee on Student Protest. Other materials to note in this series are documents from the early 2000s which relate to the sexual assault research on college campuses, reports related to the impact of Title IX on campus, and SGA research regarding the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000, which resulted in a conflict between the Harrisonburg Police Department and students at a spring block party.","This series contains material related to the work of the different SGA committees from 1931-2002. There is another large gap of material in the 1980s. The bulk of this series is from the 1960s and 1999-2002. This series also includes information related to the standards of conduct for female students in the 1930s and 1960s, such as proper dating procedures.","This series features correspondence from members of SGA to faculty and students on campus as well as several folders of correspondence to individuals off campus. The material in this series ranges from 1955-1971 with a small concentration from 2003. This series contains a fair amount of historical material, such as: a thank you card from Jackie Kennedy, 1963; material related to fears of communism on college campuses, 1965-1966; a letter from an upset parent regarding Jane Fonda's visit to campus in 1971; correspondence related to the proper conduct of female students during the 1950s and 1960s, especially in terms of interactions with males. This series also contains a collection of correspondence regarding the 2003 Board of Visitors decision to stop supplying students with emergency conception through the health center.","This series contains material related to the different standards and regulations applying to the students of the school 1931-1971. Most of the material from this series is from the 1950s and 1960s. These documents provide interesting examples of the different social expectations of men and women during the period as well as the restrictive nature of the school's administration in comparison to current campus regulations. The material from the 2000s relates to the policies student representatives are to follow during meetings of the Student Senate.","This series contains the minutes of the different branches of SGA, particularly Student Senate and the Executive Board, 1922-2012. There are two gaps in this series most notably between 1930-1940 with two smaller gaps in the 1970s and 2000s. These minutes generally provide information such as: meeting agendas, events taking place on campus, SGA members and committee chairs, as well as general insight into the everyday issues discussed in SGA meetings.","This series contains a mixture of bills and resolutions from SGA's Student Senate, 1989-2012, with the bulk from the 1990s. The series contains a large amount of resolutions related to the organization's contingency fund through which SGA assists in providing funding to different student organization on campus. However, there are also several folders of various bills presented to the Student Senate including proposed legislation that address contemporary social issues such as sexual orientation, campus issues such as better toilet paper, and student issues such as students' rights to privacy.","This series contains a variety of financial documents ranging from purchase orders and yearly budget information to travel receipts. A majority of the materials in this collection are budget reports providing financial information for different fiscal years. These reports are usually connected to the creation of the university's front-end budgets and often include budget information for other campus organizations such as the University Program Board, The Breeze, Black Student Alliance, and Student Ambassadors. A majority of the material removed from this series were: purchase orders; accounting and banking information; invoices; and receipts. This material was removed due to the presence of account information and social security numbers, and/or it was deemed that the material had little research value.","This series contains records of disciplinary hearings conducted by Student Council, 1922-1973. Examples of students' misconduct include smoking cigarettes, possession of smoking paraphernalia, riding with dates without proper permission, going downtown or off campus without proper permission, cheating on assignments and/or examinations, mild hazing, stealing books, shoplifting, and drinking. Punishments included warnings, being \"campused,\" probation, and indefinite suspension.","This series features five different groups of photographs, 2000-2014. The bulk of these photographs are connected to the SGA research of the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000; however, there are also photographs of the Class of 2009 Ring Premiere, the SGA Halloween Party, JMU's Big Event, and one of SGA's lobbying trips.","This series contains material from eight different SGA scrapbooks dated 2001-2009. These scrapbooks have little descriptive text and mostly contain photographs of different SGA functions and events. These scrapbooks are some of the best representations of the SGA student experience, as the images in these book show the relationships and personalities of the individuals that comprise the organization. One of particular importance is the scrapbook containing the letters, pictures, and notes saved from the two-year anniversary memorial of 9-11. The SGA 2001-2002 scrapbook contains a photograph of SGA members with former Governor and Mayor Douglas Wilder and Senator Mark Warner.","This series contains a variety of realia related to the history of SGA, 1930-2014. There are several large gaps in this series; 1931-1954, 1970-1980, and 2002-2012. The ephemera in this collection primarily comprises shirts, posters, academic regalia, and installation programs; however, there are additional items such as an SGA travel mug and several plaques. \"Mr. and Ms. Madison 2014\" sashes are included.","Series 12 consists of materials transferred to Special Collections in May 2024 comprising digital files. One folder of paper certificates, honors, and proclamations is included. The contents of this series are similar to records present throughout the collection and include minutes, resolutions, constitutions, financial files and budgets, correspondence, member lists, bills of opinion, house rules, election policies, and photographs.","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Student Government Association Records consist of material relating to the activities of the James Madison University's Student Government Association from its establishment as the Student Association of the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg in 1915 until 2024.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Student Government Association","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History","Fonda, Jane, 1937-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0007","/repositories/4/resources/215"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Student Government Association records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Student Government Association records"],"collection_ssim":["Student Government Association records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. Student Government Association","James Madison University. Student Government Association"],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. Student Government Association","James Madison University. Student Government Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University. Student Government Association","James Madison University. Student Government Association"],"creators_ssim":["James Madison University. Student Government Association","James Madison University. Student Government Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The material in this collection was donated by members of James Madison University's Student Government Association in several different accessions between 1993 and 2024. The earlier accessions (1993-2001) were previously processed and assigned archival collection numbers SGA 93-0401, SGA 93-1019, and SGA 2001-1010. These materials were reprocessed along with the later accessions and combined into one larger collection, UA 0007. Additional accessions (2015-0830, 2015-0828, and 2015-0505) were added to the collection in November 2018. On May 1, 2019, an additional 2 storage boxes were donated by SGA Communications Director, Halle Forbes. Accession 2024-0507, comprising mostly digital files and transfered by acting SGA historian Mason Hoey, was incorporated into the collection in May 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College student government","College student government -- Elections","Student activities","Student activities -- Finance","Student activities -- handbooks, manuals, etc","Student activities -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students","School discipline","Student participation in administration","Files (digital files)","Minutes (administrative records)","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Administrative records","Constitutions","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Legislative records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College student government","College student government -- Elections","Student activities","Student activities -- Finance","Student activities -- handbooks, manuals, etc","Student activities -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","College students","School discipline","Student participation in administration","Files (digital files)","Minutes (administrative records)","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Administrative records","Constitutions","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Legislative records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.74 cubic feet 37 boxes","557 Megabytes 594 digital files"],"extent_tesim":["12.74 cubic feet 37 boxes","557 Megabytes 594 digital files"],"genreform_ssim":["Files (digital files)","Minutes (administrative records)","Letters (correspondence)","Financial Records","Administrative records","Constitutions","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Clothing","Legislative records"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of certain records in series 8, Disciplinary files, that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Individual restrictions are described in the Conditions Governing Access note for the file and may include additional information about the parameters of the restriction.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccess to original audiocassettes and other physical media contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted due to the presence of Personal Identifable Information related to students. A redacted copy of this file may be requested by contacting the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is open for research with the exception of files within the Restricted reports sub-grouping that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Restricted files are not requestable.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiles within the this subgroup are restricted from use in compliance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974 that mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records within this group will be opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Access Restrictions","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Collection is open for research with the exception of certain records in series 8, Disciplinary files, that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Individual restrictions are described in the Conditions Governing Access note for the file and may include additional information about the parameters of the restriction.","Access to original audiocassettes and other physical media contained within this collection is restricted; reformatted access copies of these materials may exist, or researchers may request digital access copies be made.","Please contact the Special Collections Reference Desk before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection (library-special@jmu.edu).","File is restricted due to the presence of Personal Identifable Information related to students. A redacted copy of this file may be requested by contacting the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","This series is open for research with the exception of files within the Restricted reports sub-grouping that are protected by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA). FERPA protection of student records ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased. Restricted files are not requestable.","Files within the this subgroup are restricted from use in compliance with the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974 that mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records within this group will be opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased.","File is restricted from use until 80 years after the date of creation. The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (FERPA) mandates restriction of student records. FERPA protection ends with the death of the student. Therefore, records are opened for research 80 years after their creation when it is presumed that the student is deceased."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection may receive additions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["This collection may receive additions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into 12 series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eAdministrative, 1915-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCommittees, 1931-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eCorrespondence, 1951-2003\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePolicies and Regulations, 1931-1971\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMeeting Minutes, 1929-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eLegislative Files, 1989-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eFinancial Files, 1987-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDisciplinary Files, 1922-1973\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePhotographs, 2000-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eScrapbooks, 2001-2009\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera, 1930-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2024-0507 Accession, 2011-2024\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into 12 series:","Administrative, 1915-2015 Committees, 1931-2015 Correspondence, 1951-2003 Policies and Regulations, 1931-1971 Meeting Minutes, 1929-2012 Legislative Files, 1989-2012 Financial Files, 1987-2014 Disciplinary Files, 1922-1973 Photographs, 2000-2014 Scrapbooks, 2001-2009 Ephemera, 1930-2015 2024-0507 Accession, 2011-2024"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eRaymond Dingledine, Madison College: The First Fifty Years, 1908-1958 (Harrisonburg, Virginia: Madison College, 1959).\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Raymond Dingledine, Madison College: The First Fifty Years, 1908-1958 (Harrisonburg, Virginia: Madison College, 1959)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Madison University's Student Government Association was established in February 1915 as the school's first student government. Although rumblings of self-government began with the founding of the school in 1908, it took a fair amount of effort to bring this idea to fruition. The roots of the university's SGA derive from the student Honor Council which began in the 1909-1910 school year. Students involved in the Honor Council began to create an unofficial student government that although unable to act in an official capacity, was instrumental in helping to bring about student support for self-government. By 1914, a small group of students worked together to draft a constitution for the planned student government organization and presented this constitution to the faculty. After completing revisions suggested by the faculty, the constitution was presented and voted on by the entire student body February 25, 1915 and as a result, the Student Association of the State Normal School at Harrisonburg was established. This first iteration of the organization required that the entire student body act as a member. Additionally, the Honor Committee was converted into the first Executive Board. This Executive Board included three officers (president, vice-president, and secretary), and several elected members of each class.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs the school and student population grew so did the organization and it eventually became unrealistic for the entire student body to act as members of the organization. Complications also arose within the organization with the introduction of full-time male students in 1946. At the time, it did not seem appropriate for men and women to govern students of the opposite sex. As a result, the male students decided to create their own self-government in 1950, labeling their organization the Men's Student Government Organization. The female students likewise formally relabeled their existing organization the Women's Student Government Association in 1953 to better distinguish the separation between the two groups; however, they rarely included this additional identifier. While the two groups worked together on many matters through the 50s and 60s, the organizations formally combine in 1970, creating the current manifestation of the Student Government Association. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs of 2015, the SGA at JMU is made up of appointed members on the Executive Staff, Representatives, and At-Large Senators. Elected members include Class Council Senators, College Senators, and Area Residence Senators. The mission: The Student Government Association of James Madison University is an organization dedicated to collaborating with all members of its community to advocate for student opinion, while fostering a proactive, inclusive environment.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Madison University's Student Government Association was established in February 1915 as the school's first student government. Although rumblings of self-government began with the founding of the school in 1908, it took a fair amount of effort to bring this idea to fruition. The roots of the university's SGA derive from the student Honor Council which began in the 1909-1910 school year. Students involved in the Honor Council began to create an unofficial student government that although unable to act in an official capacity, was instrumental in helping to bring about student support for self-government. By 1914, a small group of students worked together to draft a constitution for the planned student government organization and presented this constitution to the faculty. After completing revisions suggested by the faculty, the constitution was presented and voted on by the entire student body February 25, 1915 and as a result, the Student Association of the State Normal School at Harrisonburg was established. This first iteration of the organization required that the entire student body act as a member. Additionally, the Honor Committee was converted into the first Executive Board. This Executive Board included three officers (president, vice-president, and secretary), and several elected members of each class.","As the school and student population grew so did the organization and it eventually became unrealistic for the entire student body to act as members of the organization. Complications also arose within the organization with the introduction of full-time male students in 1946. At the time, it did not seem appropriate for men and women to govern students of the opposite sex. As a result, the male students decided to create their own self-government in 1950, labeling their organization the Men's Student Government Organization. The female students likewise formally relabeled their existing organization the Women's Student Government Association in 1953 to better distinguish the separation between the two groups; however, they rarely included this additional identifier. While the two groups worked together on many matters through the 50s and 60s, the organizations formally combine in 1970, creating the current manifestation of the Student Government Association. ","As of 2015, the SGA at JMU is made up of appointed members on the Executive Staff, Representatives, and At-Large Senators. Elected members include Class Council Senators, College Senators, and Area Residence Senators. The mission: The Student Government Association of James Madison University is an organization dedicated to collaborating with all members of its community to advocate for student opinion, while fostering a proactive, inclusive environment."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Student Government Association Records, 1915-2024, UA 0007, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Student Government Association Records, 1915-2024, UA 0007, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAfter reviewing the material in all accessions, about 2 linear feet of material was removed from one of the 2005 accessions. The material was largely financial forms that contained banking information or social security numbers. All binder and notebook material was removed from the original bindings and transferred into folders. All the pages from each of the scrapbooks were removed and photocopied. Photocopies were also made of the cover and back covers. This was done to help preserve the context of the photographs on the pages in preparation for possible adhesive failure.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["After reviewing the material in all accessions, about 2 linear feet of material was removed from one of the 2005 accessions. The material was largely financial forms that contained banking information or social security numbers. All binder and notebook material was removed from the original bindings and transferred into folders. All the pages from each of the scrapbooks were removed and photocopied. Photocopies were also made of the cover and back covers. This was done to help preserve the context of the photographs on the pages in preparation for possible adhesive failure."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the material in this collection can be viewed on Special Collections' Student Government Association Digital Exhibit published on-line in April 2015. https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/collections/show/2\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Some of the material in this collection can be viewed on Special Collections' Student Government Association Digital Exhibit published on-line in April 2015. https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/collections/show/2"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the activities of James Madison University's Student Government Association in Harrisonburg, Virginia from 1915-2024. The collection developed from seven different accessions from the Student Government Association received in the 1990s and early 2000s and contains a wide range of material which is organized according to physical type or corresponding to subject. Much of the material in this collection derives from different meetings within the organization including: the Student Council, Student Senate, Execution Board, Senate and Council Committees, and others. A large amount of the collection is administrative material regarding the work of these different internal groups as well as the procedures which govern them. Similarly, these different internal meetings produced a fair amount of the minutes, committee reports, and legislative files found in the collection. In addition to these materials, there are also a large amount of financial files related to the budget of SGA and other on campus organizations. This collection also consists of correspondence to and from different members of the SGA usually regarding issues of student conduct on and off campus. The last major section of the collection contains photographs, scrapbooks, and ephemera memorializing different SGA events. Further descriptions of the material can be found in the series descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is the largest series in the collection and contains material related to the function and organization of SGA, featuring a variety of documents from 1923-2013, with the bulk of this series is from 1990-2013. There is a large gap in the material around 1980s. The first folder in the series, containing the organization's first constitution and by-laws, is not original to the collection. The document was located in the 1915 Faculty Minutes in the Board of Visitors Collection, 1908-2004 (PR 99-1122), photocopied, and added to the collection on March 25, 2015. This series additionally contains some interesting material related to student strikes which took place on campus in 1969 and 1970. There is particular information related to Jay Rainey, one of the student leaders, as well as SGA's Committee on Student Protest. Other materials to note in this series are documents from the early 2000s which relate to the sexual assault research on college campuses, reports related to the impact of Title IX on campus, and SGA research regarding the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000, which resulted in a conflict between the Harrisonburg Police Department and students at a spring block party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to the work of the different SGA committees from 1931-2002. There is another large gap of material in the 1980s. The bulk of this series is from the 1960s and 1999-2002. This series also includes information related to the standards of conduct for female students in the 1930s and 1960s, such as proper dating procedures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series features correspondence from members of SGA to faculty and students on campus as well as several folders of correspondence to individuals off campus. The material in this series ranges from 1955-1971 with a small concentration from 2003. This series contains a fair amount of historical material, such as: a thank you card from Jackie Kennedy, 1963; material related to fears of communism on college campuses, 1965-1966; a letter from an upset parent regarding Jane Fonda's visit to campus in 1971; correspondence related to the proper conduct of female students during the 1950s and 1960s, especially in terms of interactions with males. This series also contains a collection of correspondence regarding the 2003 Board of Visitors decision to stop supplying students with emergency conception through the health center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to the different standards and regulations applying to the students of the school 1931-1971. Most of the material from this series is from the 1950s and 1960s. These documents provide interesting examples of the different social expectations of men and women during the period as well as the restrictive nature of the school's administration in comparison to current campus regulations. The material from the 2000s relates to the policies student representatives are to follow during meetings of the Student Senate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains the minutes of the different branches of SGA, particularly Student Senate and the Executive Board, 1922-2012. There are two gaps in this series most notably between 1930-1940 with two smaller gaps in the 1970s and 2000s. These minutes generally provide information such as: meeting agendas, events taking place on campus, SGA members and committee chairs, as well as general insight into the everyday issues discussed in SGA meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a mixture of bills and resolutions from SGA's Student Senate, 1989-2012, with the bulk from the 1990s. The series contains a large amount of resolutions related to the organization's contingency fund through which SGA assists in providing funding to different student organization on campus. However, there are also several folders of various bills presented to the Student Senate including proposed legislation that address contemporary social issues such as sexual orientation, campus issues such as better toilet paper, and student issues such as students' rights to privacy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a variety of financial documents ranging from purchase orders and yearly budget information to travel receipts. A majority of the materials in this collection are budget reports providing financial information for different fiscal years. These reports are usually connected to the creation of the university's front-end budgets and often include budget information for other campus organizations such as the University Program Board, The Breeze, Black Student Alliance, and Student Ambassadors. A majority of the material removed from this series were: purchase orders; accounting and banking information; invoices; and receipts. This material was removed due to the presence of account information and social security numbers, and/or it was deemed that the material had little research value.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains records of disciplinary hearings conducted by Student Council, 1922-1973. Examples of students' misconduct include smoking cigarettes, possession of smoking paraphernalia, riding with dates without proper permission, going downtown or off campus without proper permission, cheating on assignments and/or examinations, mild hazing, stealing books, shoplifting, and drinking. Punishments included warnings, being \"campused,\" probation, and indefinite suspension.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series features five different groups of photographs, 2000-2014. The bulk of these photographs are connected to the SGA research of the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000; however, there are also photographs of the Class of 2009 Ring Premiere, the SGA Halloween Party, JMU's Big Event, and one of SGA's lobbying trips.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material from eight different SGA scrapbooks dated 2001-2009. These scrapbooks have little descriptive text and mostly contain photographs of different SGA functions and events. These scrapbooks are some of the best representations of the SGA student experience, as the images in these book show the relationships and personalities of the individuals that comprise the organization. One of particular importance is the scrapbook containing the letters, pictures, and notes saved from the two-year anniversary memorial of 9-11. The SGA 2001-2002 scrapbook contains a photograph of SGA members with former Governor and Mayor Douglas Wilder and Senator Mark Warner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains a variety of realia related to the history of SGA, 1930-2014. There are several large gaps in this series; 1931-1954, 1970-1980, and 2002-2012. The ephemera in this collection primarily comprises shirts, posters, academic regalia, and installation programs; however, there are additional items such as an SGA travel mug and several plaques. \"Mr. and Ms. Madison 2014\" sashes are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 12 consists of materials transferred to Special Collections in May 2024 comprising digital files. One folder of paper certificates, honors, and proclamations is included. The contents of this series are similar to records present throughout the collection and include minutes, resolutions, constitutions, financial files and budgets, correspondence, member lists, bills of opinion, house rules, election policies, and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the activities of James Madison University's Student Government Association in Harrisonburg, Virginia from 1915-2024. The collection developed from seven different accessions from the Student Government Association received in the 1990s and early 2000s and contains a wide range of material which is organized according to physical type or corresponding to subject. Much of the material in this collection derives from different meetings within the organization including: the Student Council, Student Senate, Execution Board, Senate and Council Committees, and others. A large amount of the collection is administrative material regarding the work of these different internal groups as well as the procedures which govern them. Similarly, these different internal meetings produced a fair amount of the minutes, committee reports, and legislative files found in the collection. In addition to these materials, there are also a large amount of financial files related to the budget of SGA and other on campus organizations. This collection also consists of correspondence to and from different members of the SGA usually regarding issues of student conduct on and off campus. The last major section of the collection contains photographs, scrapbooks, and ephemera memorializing different SGA events. Further descriptions of the material can be found in the series descriptions.","This is the largest series in the collection and contains material related to the function and organization of SGA, featuring a variety of documents from 1923-2013, with the bulk of this series is from 1990-2013. There is a large gap in the material around 1980s. The first folder in the series, containing the organization's first constitution and by-laws, is not original to the collection. The document was located in the 1915 Faculty Minutes in the Board of Visitors Collection, 1908-2004 (PR 99-1122), photocopied, and added to the collection on March 25, 2015. This series additionally contains some interesting material related to student strikes which took place on campus in 1969 and 1970. There is particular information related to Jay Rainey, one of the student leaders, as well as SGA's Committee on Student Protest. Other materials to note in this series are documents from the early 2000s which relate to the sexual assault research on college campuses, reports related to the impact of Title IX on campus, and SGA research regarding the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000, which resulted in a conflict between the Harrisonburg Police Department and students at a spring block party.","This series contains material related to the work of the different SGA committees from 1931-2002. There is another large gap of material in the 1980s. The bulk of this series is from the 1960s and 1999-2002. This series also includes information related to the standards of conduct for female students in the 1930s and 1960s, such as proper dating procedures.","This series features correspondence from members of SGA to faculty and students on campus as well as several folders of correspondence to individuals off campus. The material in this series ranges from 1955-1971 with a small concentration from 2003. This series contains a fair amount of historical material, such as: a thank you card from Jackie Kennedy, 1963; material related to fears of communism on college campuses, 1965-1966; a letter from an upset parent regarding Jane Fonda's visit to campus in 1971; correspondence related to the proper conduct of female students during the 1950s and 1960s, especially in terms of interactions with males. This series also contains a collection of correspondence regarding the 2003 Board of Visitors decision to stop supplying students with emergency conception through the health center.","This series contains material related to the different standards and regulations applying to the students of the school 1931-1971. Most of the material from this series is from the 1950s and 1960s. These documents provide interesting examples of the different social expectations of men and women during the period as well as the restrictive nature of the school's administration in comparison to current campus regulations. The material from the 2000s relates to the policies student representatives are to follow during meetings of the Student Senate.","This series contains the minutes of the different branches of SGA, particularly Student Senate and the Executive Board, 1922-2012. There are two gaps in this series most notably between 1930-1940 with two smaller gaps in the 1970s and 2000s. These minutes generally provide information such as: meeting agendas, events taking place on campus, SGA members and committee chairs, as well as general insight into the everyday issues discussed in SGA meetings.","This series contains a mixture of bills and resolutions from SGA's Student Senate, 1989-2012, with the bulk from the 1990s. The series contains a large amount of resolutions related to the organization's contingency fund through which SGA assists in providing funding to different student organization on campus. However, there are also several folders of various bills presented to the Student Senate including proposed legislation that address contemporary social issues such as sexual orientation, campus issues such as better toilet paper, and student issues such as students' rights to privacy.","This series contains a variety of financial documents ranging from purchase orders and yearly budget information to travel receipts. A majority of the materials in this collection are budget reports providing financial information for different fiscal years. These reports are usually connected to the creation of the university's front-end budgets and often include budget information for other campus organizations such as the University Program Board, The Breeze, Black Student Alliance, and Student Ambassadors. A majority of the material removed from this series were: purchase orders; accounting and banking information; invoices; and receipts. This material was removed due to the presence of account information and social security numbers, and/or it was deemed that the material had little research value.","This series contains records of disciplinary hearings conducted by Student Council, 1922-1973. Examples of students' misconduct include smoking cigarettes, possession of smoking paraphernalia, riding with dates without proper permission, going downtown or off campus without proper permission, cheating on assignments and/or examinations, mild hazing, stealing books, shoplifting, and drinking. Punishments included warnings, being \"campused,\" probation, and indefinite suspension.","This series features five different groups of photographs, 2000-2014. The bulk of these photographs are connected to the SGA research of the Forrest Hill Riot in 2000; however, there are also photographs of the Class of 2009 Ring Premiere, the SGA Halloween Party, JMU's Big Event, and one of SGA's lobbying trips.","This series contains material from eight different SGA scrapbooks dated 2001-2009. These scrapbooks have little descriptive text and mostly contain photographs of different SGA functions and events. These scrapbooks are some of the best representations of the SGA student experience, as the images in these book show the relationships and personalities of the individuals that comprise the organization. One of particular importance is the scrapbook containing the letters, pictures, and notes saved from the two-year anniversary memorial of 9-11. The SGA 2001-2002 scrapbook contains a photograph of SGA members with former Governor and Mayor Douglas Wilder and Senator Mark Warner.","This series contains a variety of realia related to the history of SGA, 1930-2014. There are several large gaps in this series; 1931-1954, 1970-1980, and 2002-2012. The ephemera in this collection primarily comprises shirts, posters, academic regalia, and installation programs; however, there are additional items such as an SGA travel mug and several plaques. \"Mr. and Ms. Madison 2014\" sashes are included.","Series 12 consists of materials transferred to Special Collections in May 2024 comprising digital files. One folder of paper certificates, honors, and proclamations is included. The contents of this series are similar to records present throughout the collection and include minutes, resolutions, constitutions, financial files and budgets, correspondence, member lists, bills of opinion, house rules, election policies, and photographs."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStaff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Staff have taken special care to identify and remove sensitive materials, particularly those relating to students' academic records, found within this collection. However, in rare instances, privacy protected information may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of privacy protected information if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0da7b229c8c3f306c4ddb8f74a4cfc1a\"\u003eThe Student Government Association Records consist of material relating to the activities of the James Madison University's Student Government Association from its establishment as the Student Association of the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg in 1915 until 2024.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Student Government Association Records consist of material relating to the activities of the James Madison University's Student Government Association from its establishment as the Student Association of the State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg in 1915 until 2024."],"names_coll_ssim":["James Madison University. Student Government Association","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Student Government Association","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History","Fonda, Jane, 1937-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Student Government Association","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Students","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","Madison College -- Students","Madison College -- History","James Madison University -- Students","James Madison University -- History"],"persname_ssim":["Fonda, Jane, 1937-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":471,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:24:36.195Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_215_c02_c05"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c01_c01","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Exhibition catalogs","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c01_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c01_c01","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c01_c01"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c01_c01","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c01","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carol Barton papers","Printed materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carol Barton papers","Printed materials"],"text":["Carol Barton papers","Printed materials","Exhibition catalogs"],"title_filing_ssi":"Exhibition catalogs","title_ssm":["Exhibition catalogs"],"title_tesim":["Exhibition catalogs"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Exhibition catalogs"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Barton papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":23,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":2,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:18:57.997Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_638.xml","title_ssm":["Carol Barton papers"],"title_tesim":["Carol Barton papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1973-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1973-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638"],"text":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638","Carol Barton papers","Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","In addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage.","The collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition,  Miliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop , has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.","Printed Materials, 1973-2015 Projects and Research, 1975-2012 Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013 2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020","Grace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.","Barton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.","National Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton.","Carol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as  Books \u0026 Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book  (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks,  The Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark , which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000,  Vision Shifts ,  Instructions for Assembly , and  Tunnel Map  are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026 Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book,  Everyday Road Signs .","In 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court.","The papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work","Material groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.","Duplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained.","Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections.","The Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.","Series 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.","Throughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals:  The Bone Folder  (2000 \u0026 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton),  The Smithsonian Associates  (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\",  Valley Art Association Newsletter  (May-June 1999), and  The Washington Print Club Quarterly  (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.","Barton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as  The Washington Times ,  New York Times ,  Smithsonian Associates , and  Boston Globe .","Series 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research.  Instructions for Assembly  (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials.  Vision Shifts  (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs.  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark  (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for  The Lookout . As well, the book  La Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale  served as direct inspiration for  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark . Barton's first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), contains hand cut master sheets.  Everyday Road Signs  (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of  Separations , sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page.  Loom  (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print.  Tunnel Map  (1988) contains planning for  Map #1 Europe/Africa/Asia  in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for  Tunnel Map  include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.","Researchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.","Prototypes of  Pocket Paper Engineer Volume 3  are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"","Barton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in:  Visual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B ,  Art on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books ,  Orihon \u0026 More: Books By Artists ,  Under Cover: Book Arts ,  Beyond Reading ,  [Book] Art: Handmade Books ,  Book For[u]ms ,  The Pocket Paper Engineer , Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and  Mining the Lloyd .","Series 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.","The series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book  Land Forms and Air Currents .","\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon","Numbered 5/26.","Numerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings.  Ker-Bloom! , a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Barton, Carol June, 1954-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carol Barton papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carol Barton papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Barton papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creator_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creators_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carol Barton on March 23, 2017. Manuscript material was also received as part of a 2015 acquisition of Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of pop-up and artists' books. That material was incorporated into this collection. Barton made an additional donation of materials in October 2022 (accessioned in 2023)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.47 cubic feet 20 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["7.47 cubic feet 20 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"date_range_isim":[1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal Note"],"appraisal_tesim":["In addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMiliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop\u003c/emph\u003e, has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePrinted Materials, 1973-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eProjects and Research, 1975-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition,  Miliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop , has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.","Printed Materials, 1973-2015 Projects and Research, 1975-2012 Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013 2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eGrace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eBarton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eNational Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Grace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.","Barton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.","National Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBooks \u0026amp; Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book\u003c/emph\u003e (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e, which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVision Shifts\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eInstructions for Assembly\u003c/emph\u003e, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026amp; Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond the Page\u003c/emph\u003e (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEveryday Road Signs\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as  Books \u0026 Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book  (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks,  The Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark , which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000,  Vision Shifts ,  Instructions for Assembly , and  Tunnel Map  are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026 Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book,  Everyday Road Signs .","In 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, SC 0274, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, SC 0274, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work","Material groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.","Duplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bone Folder\u003c/emph\u003e (2000 \u0026amp; 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton), \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Smithsonian Associates\u003c/emph\u003e (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\", \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eValley Art Association Newsletter\u003c/emph\u003e (May-June 1999), and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Washington Print Club Quarterly\u003c/emph\u003e (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Washington Times\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Times\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSmithsonian Associates\u003c/emph\u003e, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Globe\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eInstructions for Assembly\u003c/emph\u003e (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVision Shifts\u003c/emph\u003e (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFive Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Lookout\u003c/emph\u003e. As well, the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLa Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale\u003c/emph\u003e served as direct inspiration for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFive Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e. Barton's first book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond the Page\u003c/emph\u003e (1981), contains hand cut master sheets. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEveryday Road Signs\u003c/emph\u003e (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSeparations\u003c/emph\u003e, sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLoom\u003c/emph\u003e (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e (1988) contains planning for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMap #1 Europe/Africa/Asia\u003c/emph\u003e in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrototypes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePocket Paper Engineer Volume 3\u003c/emph\u003e are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVisual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eArt on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOrihon \u0026amp; More: Books By Artists\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eUnder Cover: Book Arts\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond Reading\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e[Book] Art: Handmade Books\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBook For[u]ms\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Pocket Paper Engineer\u003c/emph\u003e, Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMining the Lloyd\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLand Forms and Air Currents\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNumbered 5/26.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.","Series 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.","Throughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals:  The Bone Folder  (2000 \u0026 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton),  The Smithsonian Associates  (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\",  Valley Art Association Newsletter  (May-June 1999), and  The Washington Print Club Quarterly  (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.","Barton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as  The Washington Times ,  New York Times ,  Smithsonian Associates , and  Boston Globe .","Series 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research.  Instructions for Assembly  (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials.  Vision Shifts  (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs.  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark  (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for  The Lookout . As well, the book  La Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale  served as direct inspiration for  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark . Barton's first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), contains hand cut master sheets.  Everyday Road Signs  (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of  Separations , sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page.  Loom  (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print.  Tunnel Map  (1988) contains planning for  Map #1 Europe/Africa/Asia  in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for  Tunnel Map  include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.","Researchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.","Prototypes of  Pocket Paper Engineer Volume 3  are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"","Barton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in:  Visual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B ,  Art on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books ,  Orihon \u0026 More: Books By Artists ,  Under Cover: Book Arts ,  Beyond Reading ,  [Book] Art: Handmade Books ,  Book For[u]ms ,  The Pocket Paper Engineer , Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and  Mining the Lloyd .","Series 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.","The series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book  Land Forms and Air Currents .","\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon","Numbered 5/26."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNumerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eKer-Bloom!\u003c/emph\u003e, a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Numerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings.  Ker-Bloom! , a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2d8e790c8752baf58256cbedb902ee64\"\u003eThe Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"persname_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":162,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:18:57.997Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c01_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03_c01_c05","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Expenditures","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03_c01_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03_c01_c05","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03_c01_c05"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03_c01_c05","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03_c01","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension","Series III. Bob Swain Records","Historical Financial Budgets, Records, and Reports"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension","Series III. Bob Swain Records","Historical Financial Budgets, Records, and Reports"],"text":["Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension","Series III. Bob Swain Records","Historical Financial Budgets, Records, and Reports","Expenditures"],"title_filing_ssi":"Expenditures","title_ssm":["Expenditures"],"title_tesim":["Expenditures"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Expenditures"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":158,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research, except for boxes 22 and 23 which are restricted for confidentiality and personally identifiable information."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#0/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:43:59.002Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3065.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Cooperative Extension, Records of the","title_ssm":["Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension"],"title_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.26"],"text":["RG.26","Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension","University Archives","Agricultural extension work","University Archives","University History","The collection is open for research, except for boxes 22 and 23 which are restricted for confidentiality and personally identifiable information.","Restricted due to confidentiality and personally identifiable information.","Duplicate budget books were removed from this collection and destroyed.","The Records of the Virginia cooperative Extension are organized into the following series:","Series I. Rural Communities, 1993-1994 Series II. Reports and and Statistics, 1926-1949 Series III. Bob Swain Records, 1907-1990 Series IV. Extension Administration Records, 1994-1997 Series V. Joint Legistlative Audit and Review Commission (JLARC), 1962-1993 Series VI. Virginia Association of Extenison Secretaries, 1958-1993 Series VII. Lucy Is Still Here papers, 1980-1989 Series VIII. Slides, 1980-1989 Series IX. Office of the Director, Edwin J. Jones, Records is arranged by material type, with most of original order retained, into two subseries:\n Subseries A: Administrative Documents. This includes meeting minutes, USDA budgets, newspaper clippings, and speeches. Materials are organized by type. Folders are arranged alphabetically by folder title. Subseries B: District Financial Records. These are divided into three subgroups; Records by date, organized chronologically; Records by District, arranged alphabetically by county name with the individual folders organized chronologically; 1995 Budget restoration, including newspaper articles, correspondence, and budget reports, arranged alphabetically.","This series is arranged into two subseries by material type. ","Subseries A: Administrative Documents. This includes meeting minutes, USDA budgets, newspaper clippings, and speeches. Materials are organized by type. Folders are arranged alphabetically by folder title."," Subseries B: District Financial Records. These are divided into three subgroups; Records by date, organized chronologically; Records by District, arranged alphabetically by county name with the individual folders organized chronologically; 1995 Budget restoration, including newspaper articles, correspondence, and budget reports, arranged alphabetically.","For the most part, the original order is retained.","\"Extension work at the university can trace its roots to 1906, when an extension program was established in Virginia. After the Smith-Lever Act of 1914 was passed, overall administration of extension, or demonstration, work was transferred to Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI), with Hampton Institute (later Hampton University) as a division initially serving Black communities. At that time, it became the Agricultural Extension Service, also called the Cooperative Extension Service. In 1930, Virginia State College (later Virginia State University (VSU)) took over the extension responsibilities of Hampton Institute.","In 1966, the Virginia General Assembly established the VPI Extension Division, which combined the Cooperative Extension Service, General Extension Division, State Technical Services, and Continuing Education Center. After passage of the 1977 U. S. Farm Bill, VSU's extension program became an equal partner to VT's program, rather than a division reporting to VT. In 1995, the Division became the Virginia Cooperative Extension and Agricultural Experiment Station Division, often shortened to the Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE), still operated jointly by VT and VSU today.\"","Edwin Jones became the director of Virginia Cooperative Extension and associate dean of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences in April 2011. Prior to that he served as associate director and state program leader for Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Community and Rural Development; associate state program leader for Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Community and Rural Development; assistant department head and department extension leader in forestry; and as extension wildlife specialist and professor of forestry at NC State University. He has also served as extension wildlife specialist at Mississippi State University. Jones earned a bachelor's degree in zoology from the University of Washington, and master of science and a doctoral degree from Virginia Tech in fisheries and wildlife science. He has held leadership positions in the Extension Disaster Education Network, the National Association of Community Development Extension Professionals, and the Southern Region Program Leader Network.","The guide to the Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Audiovisual materials require special equipment to access. Special Collections and University Archives has equipment for accessing DVDs and  VHS tapes. Other audiovisual materials in this collection may not be accessible due to format.","Initial minimal description of the Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension was completed in August 2019. The processing, arrangement, and description was completed in December 2019. Series IX. Office of the Director, Edwin J. Jones, Records was integrated in July 2021.","Additional unprocessed records and ephemera are available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives staff for more information.","This collection contains the administrative records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension, including correspondence, reports, financial documents, slides, videos, and the records of Bob Swain. ","The records are divided into eight seires. The first series, Rural Communities, contains videotapes from Rural Communities and notes. Series II, Reports and Statistics, includes statistical and narrative doruments, annual reports, plans of work, and progress reports. ","The third series, Bob Swain records, are subdivided chronologically. This series includes budgets, financial statements and reports, allotment estimates, salaries, expenditures, legistlative documents, treasurer's statements, interest on federal funds, and extension donations. ","Series four, Extension Administration Records, is restricted due to the contents containing perosnal information. The fifth series, JLARC, contains action reports, correspondence, news and media, recordings and other documents relating to the Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission from 1862 to 1993. Series six, Virginia Association of Extension Secretaries, contains correspondence, meeting notes, newsletters, and other documents from 1958-1993. The seventh series contains papers from the presentation Lucy is Still Here, and the last series, Slides, contain slides from New 4-H leader orientation and inflation.","Additional audiovisual tapes and reels are available, and a separate inventory is online.","Memorandum of Agreement between CES, Soil Conservation Soceity of America and the Va. Resource Education Council","Payroll reimbursements, Budget purposal, extension staff support, group statistics, outreach service consideration","This series includes administrative and financial documents relating to Virginia Cooperative Extension. Materials date from 1915 to 1997. Administrative documents contain the USDA administrative expectations for Cooperative extension programs and VCE specific policies. Other materials include publications, meeting minutes, photographs of newly trained extension workers, newspaper clippings, and a study of Virginia Cooperative Extension completed by the Virginia Department of Planning and Budget. A report about Seaman A. Knapp, produced by his college, is also a part of the contents. District Financial Records contain documents relating to the budget, appropriations, and employment, separated into three subgroups. Records by Date, containing budget requests, is organized by year, from 1968 to 1982 and 1994. Records by District contain budget requests, correspondence regarding appropriations and employment opportunities. The materials are organized by district and further by unit, either a county or city, following the Virginia Cooperative Extension assignment of local offices. ","To learn more about local offices are organined, see: \n https://ext.vt.edu/offices.html","\nThe 1995 Budget Restoration contains news articles specific to the VCE budget restoration efforts, letters of support, thank you letters, and signed county resolutions.","Publications have been separated to the Rare Book Collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the administrative records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension, including correspondence, reports, financial documents, slides, videos, and the records of Bob Swain and Edwin J. Jones. The collection also documents the VCE's role in Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission, Virginia Association of Extension Secretaries, and their work within rural communities.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["RG.26"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division"],"creator_ssim":["Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension were transferred to Special Collections and University Archives in 2015 and 2016. Series IX. Office of the Director, Edwin J. Jones, Records were tranferred in June 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University Archives","Agricultural extension work","University Archives","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University Archives","Agricultural extension work","University Archives","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["29.32 Cubic Feet 35 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["29.32 Cubic Feet 35 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research, except for boxes 22 and 23 which are restricted for confidentiality and personally identifiable information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRestricted due to confidentiality and personally identifiable information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research, except for boxes 22 and 23 which are restricted for confidentiality and personally identifiable information.","Restricted due to confidentiality and personally identifiable information."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuplicate budget books were removed from this collection and destroyed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Duplicate budget books were removed from this collection and destroyed."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Records of the Virginia cooperative Extension are organized into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Rural Communities, 1993-1994\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. Reports and and Statistics, 1926-1949\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. Bob Swain Records, 1907-1990\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. Extension Administration Records, 1994-1997\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Joint Legistlative Audit and Review Commission (JLARC), 1962-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Virginia Association of Extenison Secretaries, 1958-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Lucy Is Still Here papers, 1980-1989\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Slides, 1980-1989\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Office of the Director, Edwin J. Jones, Records is arranged by material type, with most of original order retained, into two subseries:\n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSubseries A: Administrative Documents. This includes meeting minutes, USDA budgets, newspaper clippings, and speeches. Materials are organized by type. Folders are arranged alphabetically by folder title.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSubseries B: District Financial Records. These are divided into three subgroups; Records by date, organized chronologically; Records by District, arranged alphabetically by county name with the individual folders organized chronologically; 1995 Budget restoration, including newspaper articles, correspondence, and budget reports, arranged alphabetically.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is arranged into two subseries by material type. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries A: Administrative Documents. This includes meeting minutes, USDA budgets, newspaper clippings, and speeches. Materials are organized by type. Folders are arranged alphabetically by folder title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Subseries B: District Financial Records. These are divided into three subgroups; Records by date, organized chronologically; Records by District, arranged alphabetically by county name with the individual folders organized chronologically; 1995 Budget restoration, including newspaper articles, correspondence, and budget reports, arranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the most part, the original order is retained.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Records of the Virginia cooperative Extension are organized into the following series:","Series I. Rural Communities, 1993-1994 Series II. Reports and and Statistics, 1926-1949 Series III. Bob Swain Records, 1907-1990 Series IV. Extension Administration Records, 1994-1997 Series V. Joint Legistlative Audit and Review Commission (JLARC), 1962-1993 Series VI. Virginia Association of Extenison Secretaries, 1958-1993 Series VII. Lucy Is Still Here papers, 1980-1989 Series VIII. Slides, 1980-1989 Series IX. Office of the Director, Edwin J. Jones, Records is arranged by material type, with most of original order retained, into two subseries:\n Subseries A: Administrative Documents. This includes meeting minutes, USDA budgets, newspaper clippings, and speeches. Materials are organized by type. Folders are arranged alphabetically by folder title. Subseries B: District Financial Records. These are divided into three subgroups; Records by date, organized chronologically; Records by District, arranged alphabetically by county name with the individual folders organized chronologically; 1995 Budget restoration, including newspaper articles, correspondence, and budget reports, arranged alphabetically.","This series is arranged into two subseries by material type. ","Subseries A: Administrative Documents. This includes meeting minutes, USDA budgets, newspaper clippings, and speeches. Materials are organized by type. Folders are arranged alphabetically by folder title."," Subseries B: District Financial Records. These are divided into three subgroups; Records by date, organized chronologically; Records by District, arranged alphabetically by county name with the individual folders organized chronologically; 1995 Budget restoration, including newspaper articles, correspondence, and budget reports, arranged alphabetically.","For the most part, the original order is retained."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Extension work at the university can trace its roots to 1906, when an extension program was established in Virginia. After the Smith-Lever Act of 1914 was passed, overall administration of extension, or demonstration, work was transferred to Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI), with Hampton Institute (later Hampton University) as a division initially serving Black communities. At that time, it became the Agricultural Extension Service, also called the Cooperative Extension Service. In 1930, Virginia State College (later Virginia State University (VSU)) took over the extension responsibilities of Hampton Institute.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1966, the Virginia General Assembly established the VPI Extension Division, which combined the Cooperative Extension Service, General Extension Division, State Technical Services, and Continuing Education Center. After passage of the 1977 U. S. Farm Bill, VSU's extension program became an equal partner to VT's program, rather than a division reporting to VT. In 1995, the Division became the Virginia Cooperative Extension and Agricultural Experiment Station Division, often shortened to the Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE), still operated jointly by VT and VSU today.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdwin Jones became the director of Virginia Cooperative Extension and associate dean of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences in April 2011. Prior to that he served as associate director and state program leader for Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Community and Rural Development; associate state program leader for Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Community and Rural Development; assistant department head and department extension leader in forestry; and as extension wildlife specialist and professor of forestry at NC State University. He has also served as extension wildlife specialist at Mississippi State University. Jones earned a bachelor's degree in zoology from the University of Washington, and master of science and a doctoral degree from Virginia Tech in fisheries and wildlife science. He has held leadership positions in the Extension Disaster Education Network, the National Association of Community Development Extension Professionals, and the Southern Region Program Leader Network.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Adminsitrative History","Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["\"Extension work at the university can trace its roots to 1906, when an extension program was established in Virginia. After the Smith-Lever Act of 1914 was passed, overall administration of extension, or demonstration, work was transferred to Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI), with Hampton Institute (later Hampton University) as a division initially serving Black communities. At that time, it became the Agricultural Extension Service, also called the Cooperative Extension Service. In 1930, Virginia State College (later Virginia State University (VSU)) took over the extension responsibilities of Hampton Institute.","In 1966, the Virginia General Assembly established the VPI Extension Division, which combined the Cooperative Extension Service, General Extension Division, State Technical Services, and Continuing Education Center. After passage of the 1977 U. S. Farm Bill, VSU's extension program became an equal partner to VT's program, rather than a division reporting to VT. In 1995, the Division became the Virginia Cooperative Extension and Agricultural Experiment Station Division, often shortened to the Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE), still operated jointly by VT and VSU today.\"","Edwin Jones became the director of Virginia Cooperative Extension and associate dean of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences in April 2011. Prior to that he served as associate director and state program leader for Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Community and Rural Development; associate state program leader for Agriculture, Natural Resources, and Community and Rural Development; assistant department head and department extension leader in forestry; and as extension wildlife specialist and professor of forestry at NC State University. He has also served as extension wildlife specialist at Mississippi State University. Jones earned a bachelor's degree in zoology from the University of Washington, and master of science and a doctoral degree from Virginia Tech in fisheries and wildlife science. He has held leadership positions in the Extension Disaster Education Network, the National Association of Community Development Extension Professionals, and the Southern Region Program Leader Network."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAudiovisual materials require special equipment to access. Special Collections and University Archives has equipment for accessing DVDs and  VHS tapes. Other audiovisual materials in this collection may not be accessible due to format.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["Audiovisual materials require special equipment to access. Special Collections and University Archives has equipment for accessing DVDs and  VHS tapes. Other audiovisual materials in this collection may not be accessible due to format."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension, RG 26, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension, RG 26, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInitial minimal description of the Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension was completed in August 2019. The processing, arrangement, and description was completed in December 2019. Series IX. Office of the Director, Edwin J. Jones, Records was integrated in July 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional unprocessed records and ephemera are available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives staff for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Initial minimal description of the Records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension was completed in August 2019. The processing, arrangement, and description was completed in December 2019. Series IX. Office of the Director, Edwin J. Jones, Records was integrated in July 2021.","Additional unprocessed records and ephemera are available upon request. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives staff for more information."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the administrative records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension, including correspondence, reports, financial documents, slides, videos, and the records of Bob Swain. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records are divided into eight seires. The first series, Rural Communities, contains videotapes from Rural Communities and notes. Series II, Reports and Statistics, includes statistical and narrative doruments, annual reports, plans of work, and progress reports. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe third series, Bob Swain records, are subdivided chronologically. This series includes budgets, financial statements and reports, allotment estimates, salaries, expenditures, legistlative documents, treasurer's statements, interest on federal funds, and extension donations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries four, Extension Administration Records, is restricted due to the contents containing perosnal information. The fifth series, JLARC, contains action reports, correspondence, news and media, recordings and other documents relating to the Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission from 1862 to 1993. Series six, Virginia Association of Extension Secretaries, contains correspondence, meeting notes, newsletters, and other documents from 1958-1993. The seventh series contains papers from the presentation Lucy is Still Here, and the last series, Slides, contain slides from New 4-H leader orientation and inflation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1JbWX1Eu9BoB2VT-m186O11E22abIGsafgUw_RlnBses/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eAdditional audiovisual tapes and reels are available, and a separate inventory is online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemorandum of Agreement between CES, Soil Conservation Soceity of America and the Va. Resource Education Council\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePayroll reimbursements, Budget purposal, extension staff support, group statistics, outreach service consideration\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes administrative and financial documents relating to Virginia Cooperative Extension. Materials date from 1915 to 1997. Administrative documents contain the USDA administrative expectations for Cooperative extension programs and VCE specific policies. Other materials include publications, meeting minutes, photographs of newly trained extension workers, newspaper clippings, and a study of Virginia Cooperative Extension completed by the Virginia Department of Planning and Budget. A report about Seaman A. Knapp, produced by his college, is also a part of the contents. District Financial Records contain documents relating to the budget, appropriations, and employment, separated into three subgroups. Records by Date, containing budget requests, is organized by year, from 1968 to 1982 and 1994. Records by District contain budget requests, correspondence regarding appropriations and employment opportunities. The materials are organized by district and further by unit, either a county or city, following the Virginia Cooperative Extension assignment of local offices. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTo learn more about local offices are organined, see: \n\u003ca href=\"https://ext.vt.edu/offices.html\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://ext.vt.edu/offices.html\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nThe 1995 Budget Restoration contains news articles specific to the VCE budget restoration efforts, letters of support, thank you letters, and signed county resolutions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the administrative records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension, including correspondence, reports, financial documents, slides, videos, and the records of Bob Swain. ","The records are divided into eight seires. The first series, Rural Communities, contains videotapes from Rural Communities and notes. Series II, Reports and Statistics, includes statistical and narrative doruments, annual reports, plans of work, and progress reports. ","The third series, Bob Swain records, are subdivided chronologically. This series includes budgets, financial statements and reports, allotment estimates, salaries, expenditures, legistlative documents, treasurer's statements, interest on federal funds, and extension donations. ","Series four, Extension Administration Records, is restricted due to the contents containing perosnal information. The fifth series, JLARC, contains action reports, correspondence, news and media, recordings and other documents relating to the Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission from 1862 to 1993. Series six, Virginia Association of Extension Secretaries, contains correspondence, meeting notes, newsletters, and other documents from 1958-1993. The seventh series contains papers from the presentation Lucy is Still Here, and the last series, Slides, contain slides from New 4-H leader orientation and inflation.","Additional audiovisual tapes and reels are available, and a separate inventory is online.","Memorandum of Agreement between CES, Soil Conservation Soceity of America and the Va. Resource Education Council","Payroll reimbursements, Budget purposal, extension staff support, group statistics, outreach service consideration","This series includes administrative and financial documents relating to Virginia Cooperative Extension. Materials date from 1915 to 1997. Administrative documents contain the USDA administrative expectations for Cooperative extension programs and VCE specific policies. Other materials include publications, meeting minutes, photographs of newly trained extension workers, newspaper clippings, and a study of Virginia Cooperative Extension completed by the Virginia Department of Planning and Budget. A report about Seaman A. Knapp, produced by his college, is also a part of the contents. District Financial Records contain documents relating to the budget, appropriations, and employment, separated into three subgroups. Records by Date, containing budget requests, is organized by year, from 1968 to 1982 and 1994. Records by District contain budget requests, correspondence regarding appropriations and employment opportunities. The materials are organized by district and further by unit, either a county or city, following the Virginia Cooperative Extension assignment of local offices. ","To learn more about local offices are organined, see: \n https://ext.vt.edu/offices.html","\nThe 1995 Budget Restoration contains news articles specific to the VCE budget restoration efforts, letters of support, thank you letters, and signed county resolutions."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePublications have been separated to the Rare Book Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Publications have been separated to the Rare Book Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f96017f76b4b7ca63792328cd56b5110\"\u003eThis collection contains the administrative records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension, including correspondence, reports, financial documents, slides, videos, and the records of Bob Swain and Edwin J. Jones. The collection also documents the VCE's role in Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission, Virginia Association of Extension Secretaries, and their work within rural communities.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the administrative records of the Virginia Cooperative Extension, including correspondence, reports, financial documents, slides, videos, and the records of Bob Swain and Edwin J. Jones. The collection also documents the VCE's role in Joint Legislative Audit and Review Commission, Virginia Association of Extension Secretaries, and their work within rural communities."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Cooperative Extension (1995-)","Virginia Cooperative Extension Service","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Extension Division","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":926,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:43:59.002Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3065_c03_c01_c05"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c06","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"F","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c06","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c06"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02_c06","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records","Series II. Alphabetical subject files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records","Series II. Alphabetical subject files"],"text":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records","Series II. Alphabetical subject files","F"],"title_filing_ssi":"F","title_ssm":["F"],"title_tesim":["F"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1967"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967"],"normalized_title_ssm":["F"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":5238,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research, except for Folder 1, which is restricted for 75 years from date of creation."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1967],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#5","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:43:21.591Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1409","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1409.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records","title_ssm":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records"],"title_tesim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1866-2004","(bulk 1919-1969)"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["(bulk 1919-1969)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1866-2004"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1985.004"],"text":["Ms.1985.004","Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records","Virginia, Southwest","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Religion","The collection is open for research, except for Folder 1, which is restricted for 75 years from date of creation.","This folder is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (2057) in order to protect personally identifiable information.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is  available online .","Duplicates and blank pages were weeded. Withholding tax records were shredded to protect personally identifiable information, including social security numbers, of employees. Salaries without names are available in budgets elsewhere in collection. IRS instructions were weeded, as information is available elsewhere and not specific to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia.","The collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Chronological subject files, 1905-2004 (bulk 1919-1969),  is organized chronologically with single dates followed by date ranges (e.g., 1937, 1937-1938, 1938, 1938-1939).","Within each date and date range, the files are typically arranged by assigned number codes, which are in parentheses at the end of folder titles. Folders without a number code are listed first, in rough alphabetical order, followed by numbered folders in ascending numerical order. ","The number codes represent the system used in the Bishop's office. That numbering system is organized first with Episcopal parishes and churches listed alphabetically, followed by subjects. Not every year has materials from each parish or subject. ","Series II. Alphabetical subject files, 1923-1968, (bulk 1950-1968),  is arranged in rough alphabetical order, divided based on the original dividers used by the Diocese, which remain in the collection. The series includes files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. A large portion of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.","Series III. Records of individuals or organizations, 1913-1969,  is divided by creator. \n \nSubseries A. Robert B. Claytor files, 1956, 1969, is arranged chronologically. Claytor was chair of the 1956 Episcopal Census Committee, whose records dominate this subseries. \n \nSubseries B. Women's Auxiliary Records, 1913-1955, is predominately in original order.\n \nSubseries C. Stuart Hall, 1929-1953, is arranged in chronological order, which one subgroup in original order.\n \nSubseries D. St. Peter's-in-the-Mountains and St. John's-in-the-Mountains, 1914-1966, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions. These materials are mostly financial records.\n \nSubseries E. Standing and Steering Committees, 1919-1956, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions.\n","Series IV. Record books, 1866-1973,  are primarily bound volumes of financial accounts and recordings of church activities. The series is divided by format into five subseries \n \nSubseries A. Daily Cash Books, 1930-1963, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries B. Rector's Monthly Reports, 1940-1948, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries C. Special Accounts, 1942-1961, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries D. Ledgers, 1919-1955, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries E. Secretary's and Treasurer's Books, 1866-1900, 1913-1921, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries F. Convocation Minutes, 1907-1915, [1925]-1942, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries G. Parish and Church Registers, 1873-1973, is arranged chronologically.\n","Series V. Photographic materials, [ca. 1910s-1920s],  is divided by format and arranged chronologically.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","This group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title and remains in original order.","This group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title.","This group of materials was tied together and remains in original order.","The Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia was originally formed from the Diocese of Virginia, which was organized in 1795 and included the area that is now the states of Virginia and West Virginia. West Virginia achieved its statehood in 1863, and split from the Diocese in 1877. In 1892 the Diocese of Southern Virginia was formed, and in 1919 the western part of the diocese split off to form the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. ","Robert Carter Jett, D.D. (1865-1950), of the Virginia Episcopal School, was consecrated Bishop of the Diocese in March 1920. He selected Roanoke as the headquarters, and St. John's for his parish church. Bishop Jett established a diocesan newsletter, encouraged interdenominational cooperation among the Protestant sects, and oversaw a program of church construction and the growth of mission schools. ","In 1938 Bishop Jett retired and Henry Disbrow Phillips (1882-1955) assumed the duties of Bishop of the Diocese. Under Phillips' leadership, the Diocese continued to expand in parishioners and influence, most notably in the growth in the Diocese's function in education. ","William Henry Marmion, D.D. (1907-2002), became the third Bishop of Southwestern Virginia in May 1954, and led the Diocese through an era of social upheaval in the 1960s. Bishop Marmion was strongly against racial segregation, and was confronted with the problem of challenging the long-held beliefs of many of his parishioners while integrating Black people into the church at the same time. The 1960s and 1970s also saw women pushing for a higher status in society, and the Diocese saw women increasingly become part of the church leadership as lay readers, deacons, and priests. Bishop Marmion also guided his parish into accepting the revisions of the Book of Common Prayer. ","Bishop Marmion retired in 1979, and A. Heath Light (b. 1929) assumed leadership that same year until 1996. Bishop F. Neff Powell served from 1996 to 2013, when Mark Bourlakas assumed the bishopric. ","For more information on the early history of the Diocese, see  Hills of the Lord: the Background of the Episcopal Church in Southwestern Virginia, 1738-1938  by Katherine L. Brown (Roanoke : Diocese of Southwestern Virginia, 1979; call number BX5917.V8 B67 1979).","The guide to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","These photographs are large and rolled. They are loose in Box 1.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records was completed in November 1988. Small additions were integrated with additional description created in 1989-1992. Description was further updated in 2020-2021, including identified chronological subdivisions.","The processing, arrangement, and description for additions from 1990-2017 (Boxes 94-109) was completed in 2022-2023. Series and subseries were created at this time. Within these boxes, titles within brackets [] were created by archivists.","This item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries.","This item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries.","See the  Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records II, Ms2011-018  and  Bishop William H. Marmion Papers, Ms1986-013 , also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA).","The  Archives of the Episcopal Church  in Austin, Texas, also have related materials, including the holdings for the  Episcopal Appalachian Ministries  (formerly  Appalachian People's Service Organization), which contain material from the  Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia.","The records of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia consist of administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, financial records, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese. Many of these materials belonged to the Bishop and his office, including Bishops R. C. Jett, H. D. Phillips, William H. Marmion, and A. Heath Light.","Some documents are numbered 259.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding Lt. Col. Paul Welles, instructor at Virginia Military Institute.","Includes photographs and undated newsclippings.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes undated letter to Bishop Marmion.","Some documents are numbered 228.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes newsclippings and photographs.","Includes undated article regarding Reverend Maurice Henry Hopson.","Some documents are numbered 155.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding Reverend S. Janney Hutton's resignation.","Some documents are numbered 232.","Includes newsclipping 1951 regarding Dr. Homer Howard, nominated for president of Radford College.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding repairs to church.","Some documents are numbered 154.","Includes information regarding Reverend Kenneth H. Anthony.","Includes newspaper clipping regarding Deaconess Margaret D. Binns.","Includes material regarding renovation.","Includes historical information.","Includes Radford Pulaski Religion and Labor Fellowship.","Contains Laboratories and Youth Conference materials.","Includes segregation and integraion at Hemlock Haven.","Includes undated news clippings, negatives, and various historical reports on the parish.","Includes survey and information concerning the Reredos Memorial to James C., Annie M., and Lewis W. Langhorne.","Includes information regarding Foy J. Howard, Senior Warden Emeritus.","These files are in rough alphabetical and original order, with subseries based on dividers in the collection. They include files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. Majority of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.","Includes attendees lists, fees, supply lists, etc. for youth conferences at Hemlock Haven for boys and girls of all ages.","Contains materials related to Women's Auxiliary and Dante, Virginia.","Contains account books, check book, cancelled checks, notes, and bank statements.","Contains letters, ephemera, and typed financial reports.","Contains typed financial lists.","Contains loose financial lists and a membership record.","Contains expense report.","Contains expense report.","Contains calculations of Official Acts.","Contains report form.","Contains summary and letter.","Contains summaries and notes.","Contains notes.","Contains notes and Paul F. Hebberger quote.","Contains letters and notes.","Contains letter and financial notes.","Contains report and notes.","Contains lists of congregants, official acts, expense accounts and funds, appropriations, visitations, meeting minutes, etc.","Contains parochial reports of official acts, lists of clergy and council/conference attendees, treasurer reports, funds and budgets, etc.","Contains accounts of the Bishop Robert C. Jett, roll calls and service/salaries of clergy, reports on church properties, etc.","Contains mission fund account, appointments of clergy, parochial official acts, etc.","Contains trustees' accounts, bonds, investments, etc.","Contains annual parochial accounts and official acts with typed reports.","Loose item removed from 1896 section of book and put at the end of the folder.","Contains programs, notes, letters, financial calculations, etc. Also includes paper book was wrapped in. (Items did not seem to be inserted into the book in any particular order.)","Some items are loose in the minute book, so please maintain original order by retaining location items are stored in.","Contains incomplete records about the history of the parish and lists of people and acts. Loose materials were taken out of book and placed at end of folder. Of note is a 1939 letter from Claudius Lee of VPI looking into the baptismal info for his wife Sarah Otey.","Photographs are primarily of Diosece buildings, such as churches and children's homes; children living at the children's homes and staff; and college campuses and their students, including Randolph-Macon Women's College in Lynchburg and Virginia College in Roanoke.","Postcards depict scenes in Lynchburg, Tazewell, Roanoke, Covington, Blue Ridge Mountains, and other places in southwest Virginia.","Mounted photographs are mainly of church buildings, children's homes, and children at the homes.","A couple printed photos from this booklet are in Folder 1.","Booklet for children's home in Covington, Virginia, depicts the campus, the children and alumni, and staff. Many of the originals are in the folders 1 and 3.","The following publications were separated to the Rare Book Collection: ","Franklin County Virginia , compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the  County News , Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926.","Annual Report of the Diocese of Southwestern Virginia and Journal of the Proceeedings of the Annual Council , 1988 (69th Annual Council), 1991 (72nd Annual Council)-1998 (70th Annual Council). Call number BX5918.S922 A3.","Restricted materials were separated to restricted folder, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1982.","These materials were separated from Box 104, Folder 3, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1981-1982.","The following book was separated to the Rare Book Collection:  Franklin County Virginia , compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the  County News , Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records consist of the Diocese's administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. Standing Committee","Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1985.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records"],"collection_ssim":["Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia, Southwest"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia, Southwest"],"creator_ssm":["Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955"],"creator_ssim":["Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia","Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["Jett, Robert C. (Robert Carter), 1865-1950","Light, A. Heath (Arthur Heath), 1929-","Marmion, William H. (William Henry), 1907-2002","Phillips, Henry D. (Henry Disbrow), 1882-1955","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southern Virginia","Episcopal Church. Diocese of Southwestern Virginia"],"places_ssim":["Virginia, Southwest"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The records were permanently deposited to Special Collections and University Archives by the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia in 1985. A small initial deposit was made in 1976, and additional materials were received from 1989 thru 1992. Some materials were accessioned in 2012 and 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Religion"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Religion"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["148.3 Cubic Feet 109 boxes, 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["148.3 Cubic Feet 109 boxes, 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research, except for Folder 1, which is restricted for 75 years from date of creation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (2057) in order to protect personally identifiable information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research, except for Folder 1, which is restricted for 75 years from date of creation.","This folder is restricted for 75 years from date of creation (2057) in order to protect personally identifiable information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/lh/episcopal\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is  available online ."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuplicates and blank pages were weeded. Withholding tax records were shredded to protect personally identifiable information, including social security numbers, of employees. Salaries without names are available in budgets elsewhere in collection. IRS instructions were weeded, as information is available elsewhere and not specific to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Duplicates and blank pages were weeded. Withholding tax records were shredded to protect personally identifiable information, including social security numbers, of employees. Salaries without names are available in budgets elsewhere in collection. IRS instructions were weeded, as information is available elsewhere and not specific to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I. Chronological subject files, 1905-2004 (bulk 1919-1969),\u003c/emph\u003e is organized chronologically with single dates followed by date ranges (e.g., 1937, 1937-1938, 1938, 1938-1939).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWithin each date and date range, the files are typically arranged by assigned number codes, which are in parentheses at the end of folder titles. Folders without a number code are listed first, in rough alphabetical order, followed by numbered folders in ascending numerical order. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe number codes represent the system used in the Bishop's office. That numbering system is organized first with Episcopal parishes and churches listed alphabetically, followed by subjects. Not every year has materials from each parish or subject. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II. Alphabetical subject files, 1923-1968, (bulk 1950-1968),\u003c/emph\u003e is arranged in rough alphabetical order, divided based on the original dividers used by the Diocese, which remain in the collection. The series includes files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. A large portion of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III. Records of individuals or organizations, 1913-1969,\u003c/emph\u003e is divided by creator. \n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries A. Robert B. Claytor files, 1956, 1969, is arranged chronologically. Claytor was chair of the 1956 Episcopal Census Committee, whose records dominate this subseries. \n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries B. Women's Auxiliary Records, 1913-1955, is predominately in original order.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries C. Stuart Hall, 1929-1953, is arranged in chronological order, which one subgroup in original order.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries D. St. Peter's-in-the-Mountains and St. John's-in-the-Mountains, 1914-1966, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions. These materials are mostly financial records.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries E. Standing and Steering Committees, 1919-1956, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV. Record books, 1866-1973,\u003c/emph\u003e are primarily bound volumes of financial accounts and recordings of church activities. The series is divided by format into five subseries \n\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries A. Daily Cash Books, 1930-1963, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries B. Rector's Monthly Reports, 1940-1948, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries C. Special Accounts, 1942-1961, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries D. Ledgers, 1919-1955, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries E. Secretary's and Treasurer's Books, 1866-1900, 1913-1921, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries F. Convocation Minutes, 1907-1915, [1925]-1942, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSubseries G. Parish and Church Registers, 1873-1973, is arranged chronologically.\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V. Photographic materials, [ca. 1910s-1920s],\u003c/emph\u003e is divided by format and arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title and remains in original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis group of materials was tied together and remains in original order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into the following series:","Series I. Chronological subject files, 1905-2004 (bulk 1919-1969),  is organized chronologically with single dates followed by date ranges (e.g., 1937, 1937-1938, 1938, 1938-1939).","Within each date and date range, the files are typically arranged by assigned number codes, which are in parentheses at the end of folder titles. Folders without a number code are listed first, in rough alphabetical order, followed by numbered folders in ascending numerical order. ","The number codes represent the system used in the Bishop's office. That numbering system is organized first with Episcopal parishes and churches listed alphabetically, followed by subjects. Not every year has materials from each parish or subject. ","Series II. Alphabetical subject files, 1923-1968, (bulk 1950-1968),  is arranged in rough alphabetical order, divided based on the original dividers used by the Diocese, which remain in the collection. The series includes files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. A large portion of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.","Series III. Records of individuals or organizations, 1913-1969,  is divided by creator. \n \nSubseries A. Robert B. Claytor files, 1956, 1969, is arranged chronologically. Claytor was chair of the 1956 Episcopal Census Committee, whose records dominate this subseries. \n \nSubseries B. Women's Auxiliary Records, 1913-1955, is predominately in original order.\n \nSubseries C. Stuart Hall, 1929-1953, is arranged in chronological order, which one subgroup in original order.\n \nSubseries D. St. Peter's-in-the-Mountains and St. John's-in-the-Mountains, 1914-1966, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions. These materials are mostly financial records.\n \nSubseries E. Standing and Steering Committees, 1919-1956, are in original order, with some materials grouped together under original titles and divisions.\n","Series IV. Record books, 1866-1973,  are primarily bound volumes of financial accounts and recordings of church activities. The series is divided by format into five subseries \n \nSubseries A. Daily Cash Books, 1930-1963, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries B. Rector's Monthly Reports, 1940-1948, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries C. Special Accounts, 1942-1961, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries D. Ledgers, 1919-1955, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries E. Secretary's and Treasurer's Books, 1866-1900, 1913-1921, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries F. Convocation Minutes, 1907-1915, [1925]-1942, is arranged chronologically.\n \nSubseries G. Parish and Church Registers, 1873-1973, is arranged chronologically.\n","Series V. Photographic materials, [ca. 1910s-1920s],  is divided by format and arranged chronologically.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","These materials were bound together under this title and remain in original order.","This group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title and remains in original order.","This group of materials was wrapped together in brown paper under this title.","This group of materials was tied together and remains in original order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia was originally formed from the Diocese of Virginia, which was organized in 1795 and included the area that is now the states of Virginia and West Virginia. West Virginia achieved its statehood in 1863, and split from the Diocese in 1877. In 1892 the Diocese of Southern Virginia was formed, and in 1919 the western part of the diocese split off to form the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobert Carter Jett, D.D. (1865-1950), of the Virginia Episcopal School, was consecrated Bishop of the Diocese in March 1920. He selected Roanoke as the headquarters, and St. John's for his parish church. Bishop Jett established a diocesan newsletter, encouraged interdenominational cooperation among the Protestant sects, and oversaw a program of church construction and the growth of mission schools. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1938 Bishop Jett retired and Henry Disbrow Phillips (1882-1955) assumed the duties of Bishop of the Diocese. Under Phillips' leadership, the Diocese continued to expand in parishioners and influence, most notably in the growth in the Diocese's function in education. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Henry Marmion, D.D. (1907-2002), became the third Bishop of Southwestern Virginia in May 1954, and led the Diocese through an era of social upheaval in the 1960s. Bishop Marmion was strongly against racial segregation, and was confronted with the problem of challenging the long-held beliefs of many of his parishioners while integrating Black people into the church at the same time. The 1960s and 1970s also saw women pushing for a higher status in society, and the Diocese saw women increasingly become part of the church leadership as lay readers, deacons, and priests. Bishop Marmion also guided his parish into accepting the revisions of the Book of Common Prayer. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBishop Marmion retired in 1979, and A. Heath Light (b. 1929) assumed leadership that same year until 1996. Bishop F. Neff Powell served from 1996 to 2013, when Mark Bourlakas assumed the bishopric. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor more information on the early history of the Diocese, see \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHills of the Lord: the Background of the Episcopal Church in Southwestern Virginia, 1738-1938\u003c/emph\u003e by Katherine L. Brown (Roanoke : Diocese of Southwestern Virginia, 1979; call number BX5917.V8 B67 1979).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia was originally formed from the Diocese of Virginia, which was organized in 1795 and included the area that is now the states of Virginia and West Virginia. West Virginia achieved its statehood in 1863, and split from the Diocese in 1877. In 1892 the Diocese of Southern Virginia was formed, and in 1919 the western part of the diocese split off to form the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia. ","Robert Carter Jett, D.D. (1865-1950), of the Virginia Episcopal School, was consecrated Bishop of the Diocese in March 1920. He selected Roanoke as the headquarters, and St. John's for his parish church. Bishop Jett established a diocesan newsletter, encouraged interdenominational cooperation among the Protestant sects, and oversaw a program of church construction and the growth of mission schools. ","In 1938 Bishop Jett retired and Henry Disbrow Phillips (1882-1955) assumed the duties of Bishop of the Diocese. Under Phillips' leadership, the Diocese continued to expand in parishioners and influence, most notably in the growth in the Diocese's function in education. ","William Henry Marmion, D.D. (1907-2002), became the third Bishop of Southwestern Virginia in May 1954, and led the Diocese through an era of social upheaval in the 1960s. Bishop Marmion was strongly against racial segregation, and was confronted with the problem of challenging the long-held beliefs of many of his parishioners while integrating Black people into the church at the same time. The 1960s and 1970s also saw women pushing for a higher status in society, and the Diocese saw women increasingly become part of the church leadership as lay readers, deacons, and priests. Bishop Marmion also guided his parish into accepting the revisions of the Book of Common Prayer. ","Bishop Marmion retired in 1979, and A. Heath Light (b. 1929) assumed leadership that same year until 1996. Bishop F. Neff Powell served from 1996 to 2013, when Mark Bourlakas assumed the bishopric. ","For more information on the early history of the Diocese, see  Hills of the Lord: the Background of the Episcopal Church in Southwestern Virginia, 1738-1938  by Katherine L. Brown (Roanoke : Diocese of Southwestern Virginia, 1979; call number BX5917.V8 B67 1979)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese photographs are large and rolled. They are loose in Box 1.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description","General note"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","These photographs are large and rolled. They are loose in Box 1."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, Ms1985-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records, Ms1985-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records was completed in November 1988. Small additions were integrated with additional description created in 1989-1992. Description was further updated in 2020-2021, including identified chronological subdivisions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description for additions from 1990-2017 (Boxes 94-109) was completed in 2022-2023. Series and subseries were created at this time. Within these boxes, titles within brackets [] were created by archivists.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records was completed in November 1988. Small additions were integrated with additional description created in 1989-1992. Description was further updated in 2020-2021, including identified chronological subdivisions.","The processing, arrangement, and description for additions from 1990-2017 (Boxes 94-109) was completed in 2022-2023. Series and subseries were created at this time. Within these boxes, titles within brackets [] were created by archivists.","This item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries.","This item was among the parish registers in Box 105, so during processing, they were kept together under the same subseries."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2658.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eEpiscopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records II, Ms2011-018\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/1439.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eBishop William H. Marmion Papers, Ms1986-013\u003c/a\u003e, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.episcopalarchives.org/\"\u003eArchives of the Episcopal Church\u003c/a\u003e in Austin, Texas, also have related materials, including the holdings for the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.episcopalarchives.org/episcopal-appalachian-ministries\"\u003eEpiscopal Appalachian Ministries\u003c/a\u003e (formerly  Appalachian People's Service Organization), which contain material from the  Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the  Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records II, Ms2011-018  and  Bishop William H. Marmion Papers, Ms1986-013 , also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA).","The  Archives of the Episcopal Church  in Austin, Texas, also have related materials, including the holdings for the  Episcopal Appalachian Ministries  (formerly  Appalachian People's Service Organization), which contain material from the  Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia consist of administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, financial records, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese. Many of these materials belonged to the Bishop and his office, including Bishops R. C. Jett, H. D. Phillips, William H. Marmion, and A. Heath Light.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 259.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 235.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated newsclipping regarding Lt. Col. Paul Welles, instructor at Virginia Military Institute.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes photographs and undated newsclippings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 235.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated letter to Bishop Marmion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 228.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 235.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newsclippings and photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated article regarding Reverend Maurice Henry Hopson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 155.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated newsclipping regarding Reverend S. Janney Hutton's resignation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 232.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newsclipping 1951 regarding Dr. Homer Howard, nominated for president of Radford College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated newsclipping regarding repairs to church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome documents are numbered 154.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes information regarding Reverend Kenneth H. Anthony.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes newspaper clipping regarding Deaconess Margaret D. Binns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes material regarding renovation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes historical information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Radford Pulaski Religion and Labor Fellowship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains Laboratories and Youth Conference materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes segregation and integraion at Hemlock Haven.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes undated news clippings, negatives, and various historical reports on the parish.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes survey and information concerning the Reredos Memorial to James C., Annie M., and Lewis W. Langhorne.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes information regarding Foy J. Howard, Senior Warden Emeritus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese files are in rough alphabetical and original order, with subseries based on dividers in the collection. They include files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. Majority of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes attendees lists, fees, supply lists, etc. for youth conferences at Hemlock Haven for boys and girls of all ages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains materials related to Women's Auxiliary and Dante, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains account books, check book, cancelled checks, notes, and bank statements.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains letters, ephemera, and typed financial reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains typed financial lists.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains loose financial lists and a membership record.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains expense report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains expense report.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains calculations of Official Acts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains report form.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains summary and letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains summaries and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains notes and Paul F. Hebberger quote.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains letters and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains letter and financial notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains report and notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains lists of congregants, official acts, expense accounts and funds, appropriations, visitations, meeting minutes, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains parochial reports of official acts, lists of clergy and council/conference attendees, treasurer reports, funds and budgets, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains accounts of the Bishop Robert C. Jett, roll calls and service/salaries of clergy, reports on church properties, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains mission fund account, appointments of clergy, parochial official acts, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains trustees' accounts, bonds, investments, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains annual parochial accounts and official acts with typed reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLoose item removed from 1896 section of book and put at the end of the folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains programs, notes, letters, financial calculations, etc. Also includes paper book was wrapped in. (Items did not seem to be inserted into the book in any particular order.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome items are loose in the minute book, so please maintain original order by retaining location items are stored in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains incomplete records about the history of the parish and lists of people and acts. Loose materials were taken out of book and placed at end of folder. Of note is a 1939 letter from Claudius Lee of VPI looking into the baptismal info for his wife Sarah Otey.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs are primarily of Diosece buildings, such as churches and children's homes; children living at the children's homes and staff; and college campuses and their students, including Randolph-Macon Women's College in Lynchburg and Virginia College in Roanoke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePostcards depict scenes in Lynchburg, Tazewell, Roanoke, Covington, Blue Ridge Mountains, and other places in southwest Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMounted photographs are mainly of church buildings, children's homes, and children at the homes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA couple printed photos from this booklet are in Folder 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooklet for children's home in Covington, Virginia, depicts the campus, the children and alumni, and staff. Many of the originals are in the folders 1 and 3.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records of the Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia consist of administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, financial records, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese. Many of these materials belonged to the Bishop and his office, including Bishops R. C. Jett, H. D. Phillips, William H. Marmion, and A. Heath Light.","Some documents are numbered 259.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding Lt. Col. Paul Welles, instructor at Virginia Military Institute.","Includes photographs and undated newsclippings.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes undated letter to Bishop Marmion.","Some documents are numbered 228.","Some documents are numbered 235.","Includes newsclippings and photographs.","Includes undated article regarding Reverend Maurice Henry Hopson.","Some documents are numbered 155.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding Reverend S. Janney Hutton's resignation.","Some documents are numbered 232.","Includes newsclipping 1951 regarding Dr. Homer Howard, nominated for president of Radford College.","Includes undated newsclipping regarding repairs to church.","Some documents are numbered 154.","Includes information regarding Reverend Kenneth H. Anthony.","Includes newspaper clipping regarding Deaconess Margaret D. Binns.","Includes material regarding renovation.","Includes historical information.","Includes Radford Pulaski Religion and Labor Fellowship.","Contains Laboratories and Youth Conference materials.","Includes segregation and integraion at Hemlock Haven.","Includes undated news clippings, negatives, and various historical reports on the parish.","Includes survey and information concerning the Reredos Memorial to James C., Annie M., and Lewis W. Langhorne.","Includes information regarding Foy J. Howard, Senior Warden Emeritus.","These files are in rough alphabetical and original order, with subseries based on dividers in the collection. They include files of Rev. James C. Walsh and others. Majority of materials relate to the Department of Christian Education.","Includes attendees lists, fees, supply lists, etc. for youth conferences at Hemlock Haven for boys and girls of all ages.","Contains materials related to Women's Auxiliary and Dante, Virginia.","Contains account books, check book, cancelled checks, notes, and bank statements.","Contains letters, ephemera, and typed financial reports.","Contains typed financial lists.","Contains loose financial lists and a membership record.","Contains expense report.","Contains expense report.","Contains calculations of Official Acts.","Contains report form.","Contains summary and letter.","Contains summaries and notes.","Contains notes.","Contains notes and Paul F. Hebberger quote.","Contains letters and notes.","Contains letter and financial notes.","Contains report and notes.","Contains lists of congregants, official acts, expense accounts and funds, appropriations, visitations, meeting minutes, etc.","Contains parochial reports of official acts, lists of clergy and council/conference attendees, treasurer reports, funds and budgets, etc.","Contains accounts of the Bishop Robert C. Jett, roll calls and service/salaries of clergy, reports on church properties, etc.","Contains mission fund account, appointments of clergy, parochial official acts, etc.","Contains trustees' accounts, bonds, investments, etc.","Contains annual parochial accounts and official acts with typed reports.","Loose item removed from 1896 section of book and put at the end of the folder.","Contains programs, notes, letters, financial calculations, etc. Also includes paper book was wrapped in. (Items did not seem to be inserted into the book in any particular order.)","Some items are loose in the minute book, so please maintain original order by retaining location items are stored in.","Contains incomplete records about the history of the parish and lists of people and acts. Loose materials were taken out of book and placed at end of folder. Of note is a 1939 letter from Claudius Lee of VPI looking into the baptismal info for his wife Sarah Otey.","Photographs are primarily of Diosece buildings, such as churches and children's homes; children living at the children's homes and staff; and college campuses and their students, including Randolph-Macon Women's College in Lynchburg and Virginia College in Roanoke.","Postcards depict scenes in Lynchburg, Tazewell, Roanoke, Covington, Blue Ridge Mountains, and other places in southwest Virginia.","Mounted photographs are mainly of church buildings, children's homes, and children at the homes.","A couple printed photos from this booklet are in Folder 1.","Booklet for children's home in Covington, Virginia, depicts the campus, the children and alumni, and staff. Many of the originals are in the folders 1 and 3."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications were separated to the Rare Book Collection: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCounty News\u003c/title\u003e, Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAnnual Report of the Diocese of Southwestern Virginia and Journal of the Proceeedings of the Annual Council\u003c/title\u003e, 1988 (69th Annual Council), 1991 (72nd Annual Council)-1998 (70th Annual Council). Call number BX5918.S922 A3.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRestricted materials were separated to restricted folder, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese materials were separated from Box 104, Folder 3, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1981-1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe following book was separated to the Rare Book Collection: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFranklin County Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCounty News\u003c/title\u003e, Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials","Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications were separated to the Rare Book Collection: ","Franklin County Virginia , compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the  County News , Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926.","Annual Report of the Diocese of Southwestern Virginia and Journal of the Proceeedings of the Annual Council , 1988 (69th Annual Council), 1991 (72nd Annual Council)-1998 (70th Annual Council). Call number BX5918.S922 A3.","Restricted materials were separated to restricted folder, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1982.","These materials were separated from Box 104, Folder 3, VES [Virginia Episcopal School]--Trustees '82, 1981-1982.","The following book was separated to the Rare Book Collection:  Franklin County Virginia , compiled and edited by J. G. Claiborne, Lynchburg, Va., Supplement to the  County News , Rocky Mount, Virginia, 1926."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_52cedd4dc03978bee672483539080186\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records consist of the Diocese's administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Episcopal Diocese of Southwestern Virginia Records consist of the Diocese's administrative records, including incoming (often from parishioners) and outgoing correspondence, with a scattering of newspaper clippings, photographs, building plans and surveys, pamphlets, and meeting minutes, from the central administrative office in Roanoke and the churches within the Diocese."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e41de8798ebe8031e9bc85628b950749\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. 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