{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subgroup\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=7","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subgroup\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=6","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subgroup\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=8","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Subgroup\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026page=15"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":7,"next_page":8,"prev_page":6,"total_pages":15,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":60,"total_count":141,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01_c02_c17","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Interviews with Poets","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01_c02_c17#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01_c02_c17","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01_c02_c17"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01_c02_c17","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01_c02","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01_c02","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04","vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01","vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04","vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01","vihart_repositories_4_resources_488_c04_c01_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records","Conference Records","1994 Conference: A Revolution in African American Poetry","1994 Conference Video Recordings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records","Conference Records","1994 Conference: A Revolution in African American Poetry","1994 Conference Video Recordings"],"text":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records","Conference Records","1994 Conference: A Revolution in African American Poetry","1994 Conference Video Recordings","Interviews with Poets","Miller, E. Ethelbert (Eugene Ethelbert) (1950-11-20)","Collier, Eugenia W. (1928-04-06)","Redmond, Eugene (Eugene B.) (1937-12-01)","Jackson, Major, 1968-","Kendrick, Dolores, 1927-2017","Asim, Jabari, 1962-","Beatty, Vera L.","Barrax, Gerald W. (Gerald William) (1933-06-21-2019-12-07)","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Pettis, Joyce Owens","Fowler, Virginia C., 1948-","Lane, Pinkie Gordon (1923-2008-12-03)","Harper, Michael S. (Michael Steven), 1938-2016","Nielsen, Aldon Lynn (1950-10-20)","Goven, Sandra","Evans, Mari, 1919-2017","Hoagland, Everett (1942-12-18)","Sanchez, Sonia, 1934-","Ward, Val Gray (1932-08-21-2024-03-07)","Salaam, Kalamu ya, 1947-","Thomas, Lorenzo, 1944-2005","Allen, Samuel W. (Samuel Washington) (1917-12-09-2015-06-27)","Aubert, Alvin (1930-03-12-2014-12-06)","Baraka, Amiri, 1934-2014","Ward, Jerry W., Jr. (Jerry Washington), 1943-","Moore, Lenard D., 1958-","Touré, Askia M. (1938-10-13)","Williams, Sherley Anne, 1944-1999","McDowell, Deborah E., 1951-","Derricotte, Toi, 1941-","Madhubuti, Haki R., 1942-","Madgett, Naomi Cornelia Long (1923-07-23-2020-11-05)","Moore, Opal (1953)","Traylor, Eleanor W.","Digital-Materials Preservica","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"title_filing_ssi":"Interviews with Poets","title_ssm":["Interviews with Poets"],"title_tesim":["Interviews with Poets"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1994 September 29 - 1994 October 1"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1994"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Interviews with Poets"],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":8,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":554,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1994],"names_ssim":["Miller, E. Ethelbert (Eugene Ethelbert) (1950-11-20)","Collier, Eugenia W. (1928-04-06)","Redmond, Eugene (Eugene B.) (1937-12-01)","Jackson, Major, 1968-","Kendrick, Dolores, 1927-2017","Asim, Jabari, 1962-","Beatty, Vera L.","Barrax, Gerald W. (Gerald William) (1933-06-21-2019-12-07)","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Pettis, Joyce Owens","Fowler, Virginia C., 1948-","Lane, Pinkie Gordon (1923-2008-12-03)","Harper, Michael S. (Michael Steven), 1938-2016","Nielsen, Aldon Lynn (1950-10-20)","Goven, Sandra","Evans, Mari, 1919-2017","Hoagland, Everett (1942-12-18)","Sanchez, Sonia, 1934-","Ward, Val Gray (1932-08-21-2024-03-07)","Salaam, Kalamu ya, 1947-","Thomas, Lorenzo, 1944-2005","Allen, Samuel W. (Samuel Washington) (1917-12-09-2015-06-27)","Aubert, Alvin (1930-03-12-2014-12-06)","Baraka, Amiri, 1934-2014","Ward, Jerry W., Jr. (Jerry Washington), 1943-","Moore, Lenard D., 1958-","Touré, Askia M. (1938-10-13)","Williams, Sherley Anne, 1944-1999","McDowell, Deborah E., 1951-","Derricotte, Toi, 1941-","Madhubuti, Haki R., 1942-","Madgett, Naomi Cornelia Long (1923-07-23-2020-11-05)","Moore, Opal (1953)","Traylor, Eleanor W."],"persname_ssim":["Miller, E. Ethelbert (Eugene Ethelbert) (1950-11-20)","Collier, Eugenia W. (1928-04-06)","Redmond, Eugene (Eugene B.) (1937-12-01)","Jackson, Major, 1968-","Kendrick, Dolores, 1927-2017","Asim, Jabari, 1962-","Beatty, Vera L.","Barrax, Gerald W. (Gerald William) (1933-06-21-2019-12-07)","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Pettis, Joyce Owens","Fowler, Virginia C., 1948-","Jackson, Major, 1968-","Kendrick, Dolores, 1927-2017","Lane, Pinkie Gordon (1923-2008-12-03)","Harper, Michael S. (Michael Steven), 1938-2016","Beatty, Vera L.","Nielsen, Aldon Lynn (1950-10-20)","Goven, Sandra","Evans, Mari, 1919-2017","Hoagland, Everett (1942-12-18)","Sanchez, Sonia, 1934-","Ward, Val Gray (1932-08-21-2024-03-07)","Salaam, Kalamu ya, 1947-","Thomas, Lorenzo, 1944-2005","Allen, Samuel W. (Samuel Washington) (1917-12-09-2015-06-27)","Aubert, Alvin (1930-03-12-2014-12-06)","Baraka, Amiri, 1934-2014","Ward, Jerry W., Jr. (Jerry Washington), 1943-","Moore, Lenard D., 1958-","Touré, Askia M. (1938-10-13)","Williams, Sherley Anne, 1944-1999","McDowell, Deborah E., 1951-","Derricotte, Toi, 1941-","Madhubuti, Haki R., 1942-","Madgett, Naomi Cornelia Long (1923-07-23-2020-11-05)","Moore, Opal (1953)","Sanchez, Sonia, 1934-","Traylor, Eleanor W."],"containers_ssim":["Digital-Materials Preservica"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0/components#1/components#16","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:25:29.210Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_488","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_488.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/resources/488","title_ssm":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records"],"title_tesim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1970-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0017","/repositories/4/resources/488"],"text":["UA 0017","/repositories/4/resources/488","Furious Flower Poetry Center Records","United States -- Poetry","United States -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","United States -- Intellectual life -- 21st century","American poetry -- African American authors","Poetry -- History and criticism","African American poets","African Americans -- Poetry","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 21st century","Administrative records","Grant Proposals","Letters (correspondence)","Electronic mail","Compact discs","Posters","DVDs","Poetry","Exhibit scripts","Photographs","Calendars (documents)","Programs (documents)","Collection is open to research. Currently, the silk banners used in the 2004 and 2014 Furious Flower Poetry Conferences may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","running time:","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Original audiovisual and media are in process and not available pending reformatting.","It is anticipated that the Furious Flower Poetry Center will continue to donate conference files approximately every ten years and other administrative records on a more frequent basis.","Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","Small Purchase Credit Card Statements were discarded due to lack of research value.","Due to duplication elsewhere in Special Collections the following issues of Madison (known as Montpelier from 1977-2005), many with articles pertaining to Furious Flower Poetry Center, were returned to the donor: Summer 2003, Winter 2005, Spring 2006, Fall 2006, Summer 2006, Spring 2007, Summer 2007, Fall 2007, Fall 2008, Winter 2008, Summer 2009, Fall 2009, Spring/Summer 2010, Spring/Summer 2011, Fall 2011, Spring/Summer 2015. These issues were loose when donated and were not a part of any pre-established order or foldering system.","The collection is arranged into four series. Series are arranged chronologically; Series 2, 3, and 4 are further arranged alphabetically according to a particular publication or event.","Grants and Financial Files, 2004-2021 Publications and Manuscripts, 1993-2012 Events, Programs, and Workshops, 1990-2019 Conference Records, 1970-2015","The series is arranged chronologically into three sub-series:","Sub-series 4.1: 1994 Conference, 1970-2009 Sub-series 4.2: 2004 Conference, 2002-2007 Sub-series 4.3: 2014 Conference, 2013-2015","Event footage is arranged chronologically by capture time, with the exception of the \"supercuts,\" consisting of video montages, which are arranged by program day. See the Interviews with Poets sub-group for additional arrangement details.","\"Furious Flower Poetry Center.\" James Madison University. Accessed August 09, 2016. https://www.jmu.edu/furiousflower/index.shtml.","The Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 by Joanne V. Gabbin when she was the director of James Madison University's Honors Program. With this flagship of the Honors Program, she continued the kind of programming she had begun by hosting the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which was the nation's first scholarly conference on Black poetry. The conference, entitled Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, was dedicated to acclaimed poet Gwendolyn Brooks and featured scholars, critics, and the most accomplished and esteemed poets of the time including Nikki Giovanni, Rita Dove, Sonia Sanchez, Michael S. Harper, Haki Madhubuti, and Gwendolyn Brooks herself. The name \"Furious Flower\" is derived from Brooks' poem Second Sermon on the Warpland in which she writes:","The time\ncracks into furious flower. Lifts its face\nall unashamed. And sways in wicked grace.","Many who participated in the inaugural Furious Flower conference had their roots in the Black Arts Movement. The Black Arts Movement emerged in the wake of the Black Power Movement of the 1960s and 1970s and was comprised of politically motivated black visionaries, poets, artists, dramatists, musicians, and writers. The conference was met with overwhelming praise and The Washington Post called it an historic event. ","Due to the success of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, the Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 and the Conference became a decennial event, held every ten years. The subsequent conferences were Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition (2004) and Seeding the Future of African American Poetry (2014). Conference programming is comprised of concerts, readings, roundtable and panel discussions, and paper presentations.","In 2005, following the success of the second Furious Flower Poetry Conference (2004), JMU gave the FFPC its official charter, making it the first academic center in the United States devoted to Black poetry. Gabbin became its executive director, leaving the Honors Program after 19 years of service.","Today, the FFPC is committed to \"cultivating, honoring, and promoting the diverse voices of African American poets by making the genre accessible to a wide audience and collaborating with educational and cultural institutions, literary organizations, and artists.\" It hosts visiting poets for readings at JMU and nearby venues; sponsors workshops; holds an annual poetry camp for elementary and middle school-aged children; produces texts, videos, DVDs and other materials on African-American poetry; and gathers poets and other scholars for intimate panels and seminars, as well as major conferences. FFPC has held four decennial Furious Flower Conferences: \"A Revolution in African American Poetry\" (1994), \"Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition\" (2004), \"Seeding the Future of African American Poetry\" (2014), and \"Furious Flower IV: Celebrating the Worlds of Black Poetry (2024).","FFPC is located off of Martin Luther King Jr. Way/Historic Cantrell Avenue. Beyond her duties as Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, Joanne Gabbin is a professor of English at JMU, a published author, and a member of the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent.","The 1994 Conference Video Recordings, 1994 September 29-October 1, were produced by John L. Hodges. The videos represent the raw footage captured during the 1994 Conference.","Additional information on the Dark Room Collective can be found  here.","The donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. All material contained within three-ring binders was disbound and foldered in original order. During processing several folders were discovered to be empty. Their folder titles are as follows: Dream in Color Drafts, WHSV Children First 2010, WVPT Kid's Book Festival 2010, Poetry Month 2010, Winter Poetry Contest 2010, Marilyn Nelson Reading 2010, 73 Poems Honorariums (Music). The empty folders were discarded. Numerous folders with small purchase credit card statements and receipts were also discarded. Series I has also been renamed \"Grants and Financial Files.\"","In April 2022, the contents of the Furious Flower Poetry Center Conference Records (UA 0018) were incorporated into the Furious Flower Poetry Center Records (UA 0017) due to the collections' shared provenance and their creation by the same administrative body. The conference records were added as a separate series with subseries for each of the decennial conferences. At this same time, accruals received after initial processing were physically arranged to match their intellectual arrangement. Additional financial files deemed to have limited research value were also weeded in April 2022. Administrative receipts, travel vouchers, travel expenses and reimbursements, travel authorizations, purchase orders, invoices for supplies, monthly detail budget reports, and budget revisions were returned to FFPC.","Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","The donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. The collection of magnesium letterpress die plates are individually boxed and organized by the poem's appearance in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry into larger boxes (one record storage box and one oversize Hollinger box). Furious Flower Poetry Center donated a box of rolled posters in cardboard tubes, all identical, from the 1994 and 2004 conferences – each cardboard tube contained one 1994 poster and one 2004 poster. Due to duplication elsewhere in this collection, only one set of posters was retained. They were flattened and placed in the Oversize series. Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","Video recordings were digitized for preservation and research access by Scene Savers in 2016 and 2017. Select records were decribed by JMU graduate assistant Mitchell Teal in 2018 and 2019 for research access through JMU Scholarly Commons in support of a JMU X-Labs course. Description is ongoing as of 2022. Access to content will be made available once description is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions.","See \"1994 Conference Program, 1994\" in Series 1 for original conference program.","See the file Poetry Reading 2, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry, 1994 September 30, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry, 1994 October 1, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Poetry Reading 5, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","Sam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut","Sam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut","Toi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut","Toi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B","Michael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera A. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera A","Michael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera B. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera B","Mari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut","Mari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut","The Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2024, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, a unit formerly of the JMU Honor's Program that became its own separate academic center of the University in 2005. A portion of the material contained within the records derive from events and programs sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center including 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, Lineage: The Margaret Walker Song Cycle, and an annual children's poetry camp. Specific types of materials include event posters and brochures, exhibit panels, logistical and planning documentation, and email correspondence. Materials related to publications produced by the Center such as Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy and Shaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers are comprised of draft manuscripts and correspondence with poets and publishers. Grant proposals and awards, many of which relate to the aforementioned events and projects, are also represented. Materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, including administrative documentation and video recordings, are represented in the Conference Records series.","Arranged chronologically. ","FFPC relies heavily on funding from corporate entities and non-profits to subsidize and off-set the cost of furthering their mission of promoting African-American poetry. As such, this series contains grant proposals and awards (all closed) relating to events, publications, and other projects sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Projects represented in this series include \"Dream in Color,\" an online curriculum sponsored by Target that enabled elementary, middle, and high-school students to discover the works of African-American poets; and the publication of Mourning Katrina, an anthology of poems by observers and survivors of Hurricane Katrina. All grant materials were removed from three-ring binders and foldered, maintaining original order.","Arranged chronologically by project date and sub-arranged alphabetically within each project.","This series contains material related to publications and manuscripts produced by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. In many cases this refers to books in the typical sense (Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy, Furious Flower: African-American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present), Furious Flower Poetry Center also oversaw the publication of The Painted Word – a set of notecards and a corresponding calendar of poets' portraits. Correspondence with various publishers is also included.","Arranged chronologically by event and sub-arranged alphabetically within each event.","This series is comprised of material relating primarily to the many events, programs, and workshops hosted and sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Major events represented in this series include Tell Me Your Names: The Poetry of Lucille Clifton, a week-long seminar held June 14 –June 21, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, a tribute program held September 21, 2010. Of particular interest are 57 oversize exhibit panels from Among Poets: Lucille Clifton Commemorative Exhibition. This 2012 exhibition held at the Reginald F. Lewis Museum and the Enoch Pratt Free Library, both in Baltimore, Maryland, primarily feature photographs by Lynda Koolish of Lucille Clifton, her contemporaries, and her family and friends. The Center's annual Children's Poetry Camp is also well documented. Researchers should note that there are some files in this series (e.g. materials concerning Oni Lasana Productions) that are not directly related to events held by FFPC. These events are likely ones attended by FFPC staff or documented because they serve as examples of comparable outreach initiatives or similar types of promotion.","One file of materials related to the Furious Flower Poetry Center's 25th Anniversary Celebration, held in September 2019 at the National Museum of African American History and Culture, include promotional material, a schedule of events, and a copy of the invocation presented by Rev. Edward A. Scott. Of particular interest is a promotional card inscribed by Qiniso \"Qibho\" Motsa, a poet, musicion, author, and social activist from Eswatini.","This series comprises materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, beginning with the inaugural conference in 1994. A significant portion of the records include logistical and planning documentation for each conference as well as marking and promotional items. These materials are comprised of calls for papers, contracts, correspondence, address lists, ticket requests, travel, transportation, and lodging reservations, and menus. The records include nontraditional items as well. Of interest are exhibit panels (text labels and images) describing and depicting the participants of the 1994 conference. Magnesium letterpress die plates used to print a limited edition portfolio Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, a special collection of 23 poems selected by poets (who participated in the 1994 conference) to represent their work, are included. Six silk banners that adorned the Wilson Hall auditorium during the 2004 and 2014 conferences are included.","Arranged alphabetically with the exception of the Exhibit of Participants materials and the magnesium letterpress die plates which are located at the end of the series due to their size. Note that the numbering system for the letterpress die plates is sequential based on each poem's order in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry. As such the first folder/four-flap enclosure in box nine is labeled 9:21b. This is the plate for page two of the 21st poem in the publication.\nMaterials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: A Revolution in African American Poetry. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. Conference evaluations completed by attendees and folders labeled \"Positive Responses\" document the overwhelming success of the conference. Of particular interest are exhibit components from the 1994 conference that include text labels and images of each participating poet. The photographs for these panels were taken by C. B. Claiborne. Copy 225 of 300 of Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry is located in box 2, folder 5. The magnesium letterpress die plates used to print this collection of poetry are also included here. Each plate is individually housed in a four-flap enclosure and then boxed in order of appearance in the publication. Of significance are the video recordings documenting conference proceedings and interviews with Black poets.","This series contains 45 video recordings captured by John L. Hodges during the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference as well as interviews with poets.","Opening invocation and welcome to participants for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The Opening Session was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 8:30 a.m. This footage was originally recorded on 1 MII videocassette.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 9:30 a.m.","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"African American poetry, perhaps more so than fiction and drama, has lent and continues to lend itself to the thematic and formalistic expression of its matrixing in African American culture, in the vernacular (folk and popular) culture in particular. This roundtable will investigate the nature and extent of this matrixing. It will consider the relationship of the folk to the popular vernacular mode, whether \"continuity\" or \"disjuncture\" best describes that relationship and how the difference between the two is imprinted upon the literature. It will also consider the nature and validity of rural/urban, southern/northern distinctions as they apply to cultural expressive manifestations such as the blues, and the degree to which these distinctions spill over into the poetry as a literary production. (Alvin Aubert)\"","This footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.","Michael S. Harper's Keynote speech at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The session continued with poetry readings by Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax, Toi Derricotte, and E. Ethelbert Miller. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 1 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 4:45 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, and Sonia Sanchez at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The JMU Jazz Ensemble opened the session by playing \"Cherry Juice.\" The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at  8 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 9:30 a.m. ","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"The work of literary theory and of theorizing in other areas of the human sciences is to specify what conditions obtain among those who create, those who make use of creations, and the languages (or signs) that enable creators and consumers to negotiate in a world of social constructions. In short, theory is obligated to explain relations between people and artifacts in the contexts of history and culture. In that sense, theory is necessary for rigorous examination of African American poetry. How might theory advance the study and appreciation of African American poetry? Within the frame of this questions, scholars on the panel will be asked to address what kind of critical or cultural theory seems most appropriate for understanding poetry, how such theories influence interpretive methods and approaches, and how must theorists themselves grapple with their own historicity in light of African American poetry's evolution from orature to literature to newer genres that mix orality and literacy. The aim of the panel is to clarify some problems of theory and poetry as they affect various audiences (Jerry W. Ward, Jr.)\" ","This footage was originally recorded on 4 MII videocassettes.","Rita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks' Keynote Speeches at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Keynotes were held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 1 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, and Eugene Redmond at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 3 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Tribute Banquet to honor important black poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Mari Evans, Raymond Patterson, Margaret Walker, Naomi Long Madgett, Samuel W. Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, and Gwendolyn Brooks were the honored poets. The banquet was held at Phillips Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 7 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 9:30 a.m. ","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"As the drum stands at the crossroads of traditional African and African American culture, so the poets stand at the center of the drum providing the cadence, connections and continuity that define their literary history. Panelists on this roundtable will speak on periodicity and identify significant literary movements from the Harlem Renaissance through the Black Arts Movement to hip-hop. In an attempt to provide a valid historical framework for the poetry, panelists will discuss major literary milestones and important poets emerging during the twentieth century. (Eugene Redmond)\" ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Free Read at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Free Read was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Poetry Readings by Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, and Mona Lisa Saloy at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 2 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by The Dark Room Collective at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Established in Boston in 1988, The Dark Room Collective was first a reading series and later a small community of black poets and writers. The Dark Room Collective's poetry reading at the 1994 conference was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 4:15 p.m. ","Tape 1 begins with the last 10 minutes of Poetry Reading 5 and The Dark Room Collective reading starts at the 12 minute mark. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Conference Finale for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. A celebration of black arts and culture, the conference finale featured musical and spoken word performances by Mellasenah Morris, the JMU Contemporary Gospel Singers, Val Gray Ward, and Bernice Johnson Reagon. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 8 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 6 MII videocassettes.","Supercuts of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring footage from all 3 days of the conference. This footage was originally recorded on 10 MII videocassettes.","Supercut 1/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the conference opening session and Critics' Roundtable: African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 2/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 1 (Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax; Toi Derricotte; and E. Ethelbert Miller) and Poetry Reading 2 (Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, Naomi Long Madgett). ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 3/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 2 (Naomi Long Madgett) and Poetry Reading 3 (Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, Sonia Sanchez). ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 4/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry and the keynote speeches by Rita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 5/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring the remainder of  Gwendolyn Brooks' keynote speech and selections from Poetry Reading 4 (Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, Eugene Redmond). ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 6/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Tribute Banquet. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 7/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. ","Supercut 8/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from  Poetry Reading 5 (Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, Mona Lisa Saloy, and Quo Vadis Gex-Breaux). ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 9/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from The Dark Room Collective: A Fisted Reading. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. ","Supercut 10/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Conference Finale. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. ","Audience footage of Poetry Reading 2 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Footage of posters, books, various artifacts, and exhibits at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Poetry Reading 5 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interview with E. Ethelbert Miller at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Miller was interviewed by Eugenia Collier in this recording. This footage was originally recorded on MII videocassettes.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Eugene Redmond interviewed by Jabari Asim, Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolores Kendrick  interviewed by Judith Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Gerald Barrax interviewed by Joyce Pettis and Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolres Kendrick interviewed by Judith Thomas, Pinkie Gordon Lane interviewed by Sandra Govan, and Michael S. Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Mari Evans interviewed by Val Gray Ward, Everett Hoagland interviewed by Kalamu ya Salaam, and Sonia Sanchez interviewed by Lorenzo Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sam Allen interviewed by Jerry Ward, Alvin Aubert interviewed by Lenard Moore, and Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sherley Anne Williams interviewed by Deborah McDowell. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore, Haki Madhubuti interviewed by Sonia Sanchez, and Naomi Long Madgett interviewed by Eleanor Traylor. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Arranged alphabetically.","Materials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. During the 2004 conference, notable African American scholars including Tony Bolden, Hilary Holladay, and Monifa Love conducted interviews with presenting conference poets including Houston Baker, Rita Dove, and Tony Medina. The corresponding transcripts are included and are particularly significant to African American poetry scholarship. Of particular interest is congratulatory correspondence and RSVP regrets for the 2004 conference from Julian Bond, Governor Mark Warner, Senator George Allen, the office of President George W. Bush and Senator John Kerry, President and CEO of the NAACP Kweisi Mfume, and many others. Some of these letters were printed in the official conference program. Also of interest are evaluations completed by conference attendees. Six  silk banners used to decorate the Wilson Hall auditorium during the conference are included in this series. The banners are rolled onto dowels and housed in a rolled storage container. Currently, the silk banners may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff.","Opening Session and welcome to participants for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The first recording is a copy of the ten-minute documentary that was shown during the opening session and the second tape features performances and remarks from the session itself. The Opening Session was held at College Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8:30 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 1 MDV and 1 DVCAM videocassettes.","The first Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Trudier Harris moderated the session while Maryemma Graham, Hilary Holladay, and Tony Bolden critically discussed turn of the twentieth century poetry, The Black Arts Movement, and modern Black poetry. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Footage of the luncheon hosted by the George Moses Horton Society at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Members of the George Moses Horton Society, based at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, will host a luncheon on Thursday, September 23. The Horton Society was concieved by Trudier Harris in the spring of 1996 as a way to encourage sustained scholarly focus on the works of African American poets and to foster presentation and publishing opportunities for that scholarship. Yusef Komunyakaa and T.J. Anderson are the featured speakers.\" This footage only shows a portion of the presentation by T.J. Anderson and Yusef Komunyakaa before cutting off abruptly. The luncheon was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 11:45 a.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.","Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. Houston A. Baker Jr. gave his keynote speech entitled, \"The Poetry of Impulse: Six Inches of African Stone and Lyrical Black Consciousness\" after an introduction by Trudier Harris. The session continued a presentation of the Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Award to Houston A. Baker Jr. by Jerry W. Ward Jr. and Joanne Gabbin. Susan Facknitz introduced the next segment, a poetry reading with Jabari Asim, Major Jackson, Tony Medina, Opal Moore, Sharan Strange, and Yusef Komunyakaa. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 23, 1994 at 1:15 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes. ","Footage of Concurrent Sessions and the Furious Flower Art Opening Reception at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The first half of the footage shows snippets of concurrent sessions held in various rooms in Taylor Hall from 4:30-5:45pm on Thursday, September 23, 2004. The second half of the footage features the art opening reception, about which the original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program states, \"Commissioned to bring visual attention to the work of African American poets and symbolizing the flowering of African American poetry, this important and original work of art by Atlanta artist Malaika Favorite will be unveiled.\" The reception was held in Taylor Hall Room 405 at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 6:45 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","Poetry Reading 2 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Brenda Marie Osbey, Kevin Young, E. Ethelbert Miller, Haki Madhubuti, Lucille Clifton, and Nikki Giovanni.  Kalamu ya Salaam introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","The second Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Daryl C. Dance moderated the session while Velma Pollard, Mark Sanders, Eleanor Traylor, and Omékongo Dibinga presented about the topic cross pollination in the African diaspora. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Laureate's Circle poetry reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Eugene Redmond, Dolores Kendrick, Askia Touré, Rita Dove, Amiri Baraka, and Sonia Sanchez. Joanne Gabbin introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Laureate's Circle reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 1:30 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 VHS videocassettes.","Poetry Reading 3 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Harryette Mullen, Alvin Aubert, Nikky Finney, Everett Hoagland, jessica Care moore, and Kalamu ya Salaam. Tony Medina introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 3:30 p.m. This footage was originally recorded on 2 VHS videocassettes.","Tribute Banquet for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka, Lucille Clifton, Nikki Giovanni, Haki Madhubuti, Velma Pollard, Eugene Redmond, Sonia Sanchez, and Askia Touré. The event also featured music by D.J. Renegade and the following as presenters: Melba Boyd, William \"Billy Joe\" Harris, Hilary Holladay, Sandra Govan, Quraysh Ali Lansana, Daryl Dance, Howard Rambsy, Lamont Steptoe, and Eleanor Traylor. The banquet was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 7:30 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 4 DVCAM videocassettes.  ","Poetry Jam event at the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference at James Madison University. The original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Outstanding poets read and perform their work. Music will be provided by the Joel Dias-Porter Quartet. Porter, aka D.J. Renegade, will emcee the event on Friday, September 24 at 10:30 p.m.\" Participants included Joel Dias-Porter, Quo Vadis Gex Breaux, Mona Lisa Saloy, Lenard Moore, Angela Shannon, Lamont Steptoe, and Samantha Thornhill. The event was held at College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 10:30 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.","The third Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Opal Moore moderated the session while E. Ethelbert Miller, Toi Derricotte, Kelli Norman Ellis, and Sharan Strange discussed the need for MFA writing programs at historically Black colleges and universities, the development of Cave Canem, Chicago State University's MFA writing program, and the history of the Dark Room Collective. The session was held at Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Cave Canem Reunion Luncheon and Open Mic event at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The footage begins with the presentation segments of the Cave Canem luncheon before switching to the Open Mic event. Tyehimba Jess was the Emcee for the Open Mic Reading and many poets read their poetry. The luncheon was held in the Phillips Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 12:00 p.m. and the Open Mic Reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater,  at 1:30 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Cave Canem Reunion Reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madision University. The footage begins with a circle jam poetry reading before switching to the Cave Canem Reading. Cornelius Eady, Marilyn Nelson, Kwame Dawes, Elizabeth Alexander, and Toi Derricotte each read their poetry as part of this event. The reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 3:30 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","Conference Finale for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The event featured two musical groups: \"Fertile Ground\" a soul and jazz band from Baltimore, Maryland and \"The Full Moon of Sonia\" which sets Sonia Sanchez's poetry to music. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 8 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 videocassettes.","Lifetime Achievement Award Banquet for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. jessica Care moore and Tony Medina hosted the banquet and David Berry provided the music. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Elizabeth Alexander, Kwame Dawes, Cornelius Eady, Nikky Finney, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, Harryette Mullen, Niyi Osundare, Timothy Seibles, and Patricia Smith. The banquet was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Wednesday, September 18, 2024 at 6 p.m.","Opening session and welcome to the participants for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. A video introduction featuring Afaa M. Weaver opened the session, followed by an in memoriam slideshow. Lauren Alleyne presented an overview of the Furious Flower Poetry Center's work since the 2014 conference. Traci Zimmerman, the Dean of the College of Arts and Letters Dean and interim-Provost, Bob Kolvoord made remarks, and Bethany Nowviskie, Dean of JMU Libraries, gave a presentation about the Mellon Foundation grant partnership between Furious Flower and JMU Libraries. The Opening Session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Keynote Reading and Conversation with honored poets, Elizabeth Alexander \u0026 Kwame Dawes, at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Alexander and Dawes read poetry and engaged in discussion with Shara McCallum and Terrance Hayes. The Keynote Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 9:15 a.m.","The Worlds of Black Poetry: Critical Portals, Pathways, and Emergences panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University.  Keith Leonard, Jahan Ramazani, Evie Shockley, and Mecca Jamilah Sullivan each presented a paper showcasing the depth and breath of the worlds of Black poetry. Topics of discussion included: avant-garde poetry, elegy and Caribbean poetry, Black confessional poetry, Black feminism, and Black queer poetics. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.","A Decade of Poetic Experiment: 2014 to 2024 panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Aldon Lynn Nielsen, C.S. Giscombe, Meta DuEwa Jones, Mark McMorris, Duriel E. Harris, and Douglas Kearney engaged in a round table discussion about the past decade in Black poetry. Experimentation by poets and critics is of particular focus during this panel. This discussion was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Furious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026 Honorable Mention Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Winner, Michelle Alexander, Honorable Mention, Raejeana Brooks, and judge, Roger Reeves, read poetry and answered questions from the audience. The Furious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026 Honorable Mention Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.","Black Universe I: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Rita Dove, Jericho Brown, Camille T. Dungy, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, Malika Booker, Patricia Jabbeh Wesley, Tyehimba Jess, Remica Bingham-Risher, Matthew Shenoda, Lillian-Yvonne Bertram, Cornelius Eady, Frank X. Walker, and Nikky Finney. The Black Universe I: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 7 p.m.","Dear Yusef: Celebrating the Life \u0026 Work of Poet \u0026 Professor Yusef Komunyakaa panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lynne Thompson, Joel Dias-Porter, Linda Susan Jackson, and Dante Micheaux discussed a new anthology entitled \"Dear Yusef.\" Panelists also shared their personal experiences working with Yusef Kumanyaka and read poetry from the anthology. The session closed with the presenters answering audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Walk With Me: Freedom Fighter's Homage presentation and performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. The session featured a discussion, live performances, and answering questions from the audience. The performance itself examined the long road to freedom for Black people in America and included song, spoken word poetry, and dance. This session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.","Laureate Reading and Conversation at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Rita Dove, Poet Laureate of the United States, 1993-1995, introduced poet laureates from across the country and moderated a conversation after the readings. Featured poets included: Angela Jackson (Illinois), Curtis Crisler (Indiana), Amanda Johnston (Texas), avery r. young (Chicago, IL), and Glenis Redmond (Greenville, SC).  The Laureate Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.","Magnitude \u0026 Bond: A Preview of a Field Study on Black Literary Organizations panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lisa Willis, Candace G. Wiley, Nichelle M. Hayes, and Duriel E. Harris discussed the Magnitude and Bond field study. The presenters represented four organizations that are participating in the field study: Cave Canem, The Watering Hole, Center for Black Literature \u0026 Culture (CBLC), and Obsidian: Literature \u0026 Arts in the African Diaspora. The group conversed about why the field study is important, positives and negatives they have experienced as leaders of Black literary arts organizations, and how organizations were chosen for the field study. The session closed with a questions from the audience. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Black Universe II: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Ross Gay, Erica Hunt, francine j. harris, Roger Reeves, DaMaris Hill, Efe Paul Azino, Merle Collins, Danez Smith, Tara Betts, A. B. Spellman, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, and Harryette Mullen. The Black Universe II: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 7 p.m.","Growing a New Garden: Furious Flowering in Classrooms panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Anastacia-Reneé, allia abdullah-matta, Brian Hannon, Carmin Wong, and Keisha-Gaye Anderson discussed the Furious Flower Syllabus project, an open access syllabus for a range of educational contexts. Each presenter highlighted their favorite poem featured in the project curriculum, conversed about creating the syllabus, and expressed the importance of such an undertaking. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Black Universe III: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Kei Miller, Shara McCallum, Tim Seibles, Anastacia Renée, Gregory Pardlo. Joanne Gabbin introduced each poet with a personally written haiku. The Black Universe III: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.","Black Joy in Song performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Sonya Gabrielle Baker, Albert Lee, and Jeremiah Padilla performed poetry set to music, incorporating both vocal and instrumental music. This performance was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 12:30 p.m.","A Vital History: The Cambridge Anthology Roundtable at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Matt Sandler, Carlyn Ferrari, Marta Werbanowska, McKinley Melton, Annette Debo, and Emily Ruth Rutter discussed an upcoming anthology. Each panelist described their essay from the anthology, including topics such as Black poets of the abolition movement, Black women poets, the Black eco-poetic tradition, elegy, and more. The session concluded with a panel discussion and audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Black Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Terrance Hayes, Evie Shockley, Niyi Osundare, Canisia Lubrin, Patricia Smith, and Kwame Dawes. Lauren Alleyne closed the session by reading a new poem. The Black Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.","Closing Remarks for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lauren Alleyne, the Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, concluded the conference by expressing gratitude for everyone involved with the event in some way. This event was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 5 p.m.","Interview with Camille Dungy, Ross Gay, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, and Niyi Osundare at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Nate Marshall moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black planet. The group discussed the relationship between Black identity and the environment, how crafting poetry allows them to explore new relationships with the natural world, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Erica Hunt, A.B. Spellman, and Glenis Redmond at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keisha-Gaye Anderson moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme life in poetry. The group discussed why they chose poetry, pivotal moments in their careers, the role of community and collaboration in their development as poets, advice for emerging poets, lessons learned, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Malika Booker, Danez Smith, and Frank X. Walker at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keith Leonard moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme collectives and community. The group discussed why it is important to be involved in their respective communities or collectives, the importance of inter-generational connections, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Anastacia Renée, Canisia Lubrin, and Lillian Yvonne Bertram at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Mecca Jamilah Sullivan moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme poetic experimentation. The group discussed what poetic experimentation means to them, the experience of experimentation, what is lost when discussing the process of experimentation, and what the worlds of black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Evie Shockley, Remica Bingham-Risher, Terrance Hayes, and DaMaris Hill at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Meta DuEwa Jones moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme creative scholarship. The group discussed what scholarship means to them, how the market does or does not affect their work, their collaborative practices, the worlds of black poetry as they relate to their scholarly, creative, and critical work, and finding joy in their work. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Matthew Shenoda, Efe Paul Azino, and Patricia Jabbeh Wesley at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Gbenga Adesina moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme continental conversations. The group discussed diasporic influences, how their work may shape poetry moving forward, and the books or projects they currently working on. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Tara Betts, avery r. young, Danez Smith, and Mahogany L. Browne  at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. McKinley Melton moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme performance. The group discussed what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them, how they see their work engaging in the expansiveness of poetic performance, the best lessons they have learned from their time as poets and performers, and what it means to be at Furious Flower. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Tyehimba Jess, francine j. harris, jessica Care moore and Airea D. Matthews at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Ajanaé Dawkins moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Detroit conversations. Each poet read one of their poems, discussed how the school of Detroit poetry shaped them, and talked about the evolution of Detroit poetry. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.","Interview with Lorna Goodison, Merle Collins, Kei Miller, and Malika Booker at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Jahan Ramazani moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Caribbean conversations. The group discussed Caribbean identity, diasporic identity, the distinctiveness of the Caribbean experience, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.","Interview with Roger Reeves, Jericho Brown, and Gregory Pardlo at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Curtis Crisler moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black masculinity. The group discussed their definitions of Black masculinity, how they show vulnerability in their poetry, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.","A copy of Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy Buena Vista, Va.: Mariner Publishing, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton Harrisonburg, Va.: Virginia Tech Printing Services, 2010 were removed from Series 2, catalogued, and placed in the Special Collections rare book collection. ","The following titles were removed from Series 3 and catalogued: Opala, Joseph A. The Gullah: rice, slavery and the Sierra Leone-American connection. Freetown, Sierra Leone: USIS, 1987; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Grammar with Lessons, Exercise and Vocabulary, Vol. 1. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Conversation with Dialogues, Stories, Proverbs, etc., Vol. 2. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Geraty, Virginia Mixson. Bittle en' t'ing': Gullah cooking with Maum Chrish'. Orangeburg, S.C.: Sandlapper Pub., 1992.","A broadside printing of Rita Dove's \"Ode to My Right Knee\" (no. 39 of 100) was removed from the collection and cataloged separately.","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2004 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (3rd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 2014 :.)","Furious Flower Poetry Center (1999-2004)","James Madison University. Jazz Ensemble","Berry Media Group","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Hodges, John L.","Wright, Steven","Facknitz, Susan","Brice-Finch, Jacqueline","Claiborne, C. B. (Claudius B.)","Carrier, Ronald E., 1932-2017","Hunt, Doris","Ward, Val Gray (1932-08-21-2024-03-07)","Brown, Vernisha","Aubert, Alvin (1930-03-12-2014-12-06)","Alexander, Elizabeth, 1962-","Traylor, Eleanor W.","Williams, Sherley Anne, 1944-1999","Stover, Darrell \"SCIPOET\"","Drew, Shahara","Miller, Adam David (1922-10-08-2020-11-04)","Love, Monifa A.","Thompson, Mylea","Harper, Michael S. (Michael Steven), 1938-2016","Ellis, Thomas Sayers (1963)","Keene, John (John R.), 1965-","Barrax, Gerald W. (Gerald William) (1933-06-21-2019-12-07)","Derricotte, Toi, 1941-","Miller, E. Ethelbert (Eugene Ethelbert) (1950-11-20)","Allen, Samuel W. (Samuel Washington) (1917-12-09-2015-06-27)","Phillips, Carl, 1959-","Lane, Pinkie Gordon (1923-2008-12-03)","Madhubuti, Haki R., 1942-","Madgett, Naomi Cornelia Long (1923-07-23-2020-11-05)","Baraka, Amiri, 1934-2014","Touré, Askia M. (1938-10-13)","Evans, Mari, 1919-2017","Sanchez, Sonia, 1934-","Ward, Jerry W., Jr. (Jerry Washington), 1943-","Joyce, Joyce Ann, 1949-","Nielsen, Aldon Lynn (1950-10-20)","Rampersad, Arnold (1941-11-13)","Thomas, Lorenzo, 1944-2005","Renegade, D. J.","Salaam, Kalamu ya, 1947-","McDowell, Deborah E., 1951-","Dove, Rita (1952-08-28)","Kendrick, Dolores, 1927-2017","Brooks, Gwendolyn, 1917-2000","Giovanni, Nikki (1943-2024)","Redmond, Eugene (Eugene B.) (1937-12-01)","Gayles, Gloria Jean Wade (19380701)","Collier, Eugenia W. (1928-04-06)","Patterson, Raymond R. (1929-12-14-2001-04-05)","Graham, Maryemma (1949-06-13)","Moore, Opal (1953)","Gabbin, Alexander L. (1945)","Asim, Jabari, 1962-","Braxton, Joanne M. (1950)","Taylor, Clyde (1931-07-03-2024-01-24)","Steptoe, Lamont B., 1949-","Gillespie, Carmen (1965-06-17-2019-08-30)","Coates, Ta-Nehisi (Ta-Nehisi Paul) (1975-09-30)","Rice, Dorothy Marie, 1948-","Blackman, Toni","Alexander, Kwame (1968-08-21)","deGannes, Nehassaiu","Kein, Sybil (1939-09-29-2022-10-28)","Osbey, Brenda Marie (1957-12-12)","Iverem, Esther, 1960-","Saloy, Mona Lisa (19500701)","Drake, Jeannette M.","Fabu","Dance, Daryl Cumber (1938-01-17)","Trethewey, Natasha D., 1966-","Jackson, Major, 1968-","Beatty, Vera L.","Strange, Sharan (1959)","Young, Kevin (Kevin Lowell), 1970-","Gex, Quo Vadis","Bullock, Byron","Morris, Mellasenah Young","Reagon, Bernice Johnson, 1942-","Pettis, Joyce Owens","Fowler, Virginia C., 1948-","Goven, Sandra","Hoagland, Everett (1942-12-18)","Moore, Lenard D., 1958-","Brown, Douglas T.","Harris, Trudier (1948-02)","Holladay, Hilary (1961-07-03)","Bolden, Tony","Clifton, Lucille, 1936-2010","Hughes, Langston (James Mercer Langston), 1902-1967","Anderson, T. J., III, 1958-","Komunyakaa, Yusef (1947-04-29)","Baker, Houston A., Jr., 1943-","Medina, Tony (1966-01-10)","Debo, Annette, 1964-","Favorite, Malaika, 1949-","Pollard, Velma (1937-03-26)","Sanders, Mark A., 1963-","Dibinga, Omékongo","Mullen, Harryette Romell (1953-07-01)","Finney, Nikky (1957-08-26)","Moore, Jessica Care","Boyd, Melba Joyce (1950-04-02)","Harris, William J., 1942-","Lansana, Quraysh Ali (1964-09-13)","Rambsy, Howard (1976)","Rose, Linwood H. (Linwood Howard), 1951-","Thornhill, Samantha","Shannon, Angela","Ellis, Kelly Norman, 1964-","Jess, Tyehimba","Betts, Tara","Singleton, Giovanni","Harris, Duriel E.","Walker, Frank X., 1961-","Sheba Queen","Moon, Kamilah Aisha (1972-09-05)","Martin, Dawn Lundy (1975)","Obadike, Mendi Lewis, 1973-","Shockley, Evie, 1965-","Eady, Cornelius, 1954-","Nelson, Marilyn, 1946-","Dawes, Kwame Senu Neville, 1962-","Warner, Mark R. (Mark Robert) (1954-12-15)","Allen, George, 1952-","Mfume, Kweisi (1948-10-24)","Okai, Atukwei, 1941-","Bond, Julian (Horace Julian), 1940-2015","Obama, Barack","Goodison, Lorna (1947-08-01)","Osundare, Niyi, 1947-","Seibles, Tim (1955)","Smith, Patricia, 1955-","Adesina, Gbenga","Berry, David E., 1982-","Melton, McKinley","Jones, Meta DuEwa","Marshall, Nate, (Poet)","Oliver, Patrick M.","Morgan, Shauna M.","Weaver, Afaa M. (Afaa Michael), 1951-","Kolvoord, Robert","Zimmerman, Traci","Nowviskie, Bethany","McCallum, Shara, 1972-","Hayes, Terrance (1971)","Leonard, Keith D., 1969-","Ramazani, Jahan, 1960-","Sullivan, Mecca Jamillah","Jaji, Tsitsi (Tsitsi Ella)","Giscombe, C. S. (Cecil S.), 1950-","McMorris, Mark","Scheyer, Lauri (1952-09-08)","Williams, Tyrone (1954-02-24-2024-03-11)","Reeves, Roger","Alexander, Michelle, (Poet)","Brooks, RaeJeana","Brown, Jericho","Dungy, Camille T. (Camille Thornton), 1972-","Gumbs, Alexis Pauline, 1982-","Booker, Malika (1970)","Wesley, Patricia Jabbeh (1955-08-07)","Bingham-Risher, Remica (1981)","Shenoda, Matthew (1977-07-14)","Bertram, Lillian-Yvonne, 1983-","Thompson, Lynne, 1951-","Dias-Porter, Joel.","Jackson, Linda Susan","Micheaux, Dante","Sealey, Nicole","Faison, Latorial (1973)","Pinson, Hermine (1953-07-20)","Glenn, Leah","Crisler, Curtis L.","Johnston, Amanda, 1977-","young, avery r.","Redmond, Glenis (1963-08-27)","Willis, Lisa (20)","Wiley, Candace G.","Hayes, Nichelle M.","Gay, Ross (Ross Alexander), 1974-","Hunt, Erica, 1955-","Harris, Francine J.","Azino, Efe Paul (20)","Collins, Merle (1950-09-29)","Smith, Danez","Spellman, A. B., 1935-","Anastacia-Reneé","abdullah-matta, allia","Hannon, Brian James","Wong, Carmin.","Anderson, Keisha-Gaye","Miller, Kei (1978)","Pardlo, Gregory","Padilla, Jeremiah.","Baker, Sonya G.","Lee, Albert Rudolph","Sandler, Matt","Ferrari, Carlyn Ena, 1984-","Werbanowska, Marta.","Rutter, Emily Ruth (1978-02-28)","Lubrin, Canisia, 1984-","Browne, Mahogany L.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0017","/repositories/4/resources/488"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records"],"collection_ssim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center Records"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Poetry","United States -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","United States -- Intellectual life -- 21st century"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Poetry","United States -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","United States -- Intellectual life -- 21st century"],"creator_ssm":["James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Alleyne, Lauren K."],"creator_ssim":["James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Alleyne, Lauren K."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Alleyne, Lauren K."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center"],"creators_ssim":["Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Alleyne, Lauren K.","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Poetry","United States -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","United States -- Intellectual life -- 21st century"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Furious Flower Poetry Center transferred these materials to Special Collections on May 16 and June 29, 2016. Subsequent transfers occurred in September 2017, September 2019, April 2023, and October 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American poetry -- African American authors","Poetry -- History and criticism","African American poets","African Americans -- Poetry","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 21st century","Administrative records","Grant Proposals","Letters (correspondence)","Electronic mail","Compact discs","Posters","DVDs","Poetry","Exhibit scripts","Photographs","Calendars (documents)","Programs (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American poetry -- African American authors","Poetry -- History and criticism","African American poets","African Americans -- Poetry","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 20th century","African Americans -- Intellectual life -- 21st century","Administrative records","Grant Proposals","Letters (correspondence)","Electronic mail","Compact discs","Posters","DVDs","Poetry","Exhibit scripts","Photographs","Calendars (documents)","Programs (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["17.6 cubic feet 43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container"],"extent_tesim":["17.6 cubic feet 43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container"],"genreform_ssim":["Administrative records","Grant Proposals","Letters (correspondence)","Electronic mail","Compact discs","Posters","DVDs","Poetry","Exhibit scripts","Photographs","Calendars (documents)","Programs (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Currently, the silk banners used in the 2004 and 2014 Furious Flower Poetry Conferences may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections 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Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003erunning time:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccess to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginal audiovisual and media are in process and not available pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Currently, the silk banners used in the 2004 and 2014 Furious Flower Poetry Conferences may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may access digitized archival audiovisual materials in the JMU Special Collections Reading Room by appointment. Digital files may also be requested through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","running time:","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Researchers may request digital video reference copies at the file level through the JMU Special Collections Request System.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Access to this item is currently restricted for off campus researchers. For more information contact library-special@jmu.edu.","Original audiovisual and media are in process and not available pending reformatting."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIt is anticipated that the Furious Flower Poetry Center will continue to donate conference files approximately every ten years and other administrative records on a more frequent basis.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals"],"accruals_tesim":["It is anticipated that the Furious Flower Poetry Center will continue to donate conference files approximately every ten years and other administrative records on a more frequent basis."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Other Formats Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSmall Purchase Credit Card Statements were discarded due to lack of research value.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to duplication elsewhere in Special Collections the following issues of Madison (known as Montpelier from 1977-2005), many with articles pertaining to Furious Flower Poetry Center, were returned to the donor: Summer 2003, Winter 2005, Spring 2006, Fall 2006, Summer 2006, Spring 2007, Summer 2007, Fall 2007, Fall 2008, Winter 2008, Summer 2009, Fall 2009, Spring/Summer 2010, Spring/Summer 2011, Fall 2011, Spring/Summer 2015. These issues were loose when donated and were not a part of any pre-established order or foldering system.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":[" Appraisal Information"],"appraisal_tesim":["Small Purchase Credit Card Statements were discarded due to lack of research value.","Due to duplication elsewhere in Special Collections the following issues of Madison (known as Montpelier from 1977-2005), many with articles pertaining to Furious Flower Poetry Center, were returned to the donor: Summer 2003, Winter 2005, Spring 2006, Fall 2006, Summer 2006, Spring 2007, Summer 2007, Fall 2007, Fall 2008, Winter 2008, Summer 2009, Fall 2009, Spring/Summer 2010, Spring/Summer 2011, Fall 2011, Spring/Summer 2015. These issues were loose when donated and were not a part of any pre-established order or foldering system."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series. Series are arranged chronologically; Series 2, 3, and 4 are further arranged alphabetically according to a particular publication or event.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eGrants and Financial Files, 2004-2021\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePublications and Manuscripts, 1993-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEvents, Programs, and Workshops, 1990-2019\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eConference Records, 1970-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series is arranged chronologically into three sub-series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\u003citem\u003eSub-series 4.1: 1994 Conference, 1970-2009\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSub-series 4.2: 2004 Conference, 2002-2007\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003eSub-series 4.3: 2014 Conference, 2013-2015\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEvent footage is arranged chronologically by capture time, with the exception of the \"supercuts,\" consisting of video montages, which are arranged by program day. See the Interviews with Poets sub-group for additional arrangement details.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series. Series are arranged chronologically; Series 2, 3, and 4 are further arranged alphabetically according to a particular publication or event.","Grants and Financial Files, 2004-2021 Publications and Manuscripts, 1993-2012 Events, Programs, and Workshops, 1990-2019 Conference Records, 1970-2015","The series is arranged chronologically into three sub-series:","Sub-series 4.1: 1994 Conference, 1970-2009 Sub-series 4.2: 2004 Conference, 2002-2007 Sub-series 4.3: 2014 Conference, 2013-2015","Event footage is arranged chronologically by capture time, with the exception of the \"supercuts,\" consisting of video montages, which are arranged by program day. See the Interviews with Poets sub-group for additional arrangement details."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Furious Flower Poetry Center.\" James Madison University. Accessed August 09, 2016. https://www.jmu.edu/furiousflower/index.shtml.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Furious Flower Poetry Center.\" James Madison University. Accessed August 09, 2016. https://www.jmu.edu/furiousflower/index.shtml."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 by Joanne V. Gabbin when she was the director of James Madison University's Honors Program. With this flagship of the Honors Program, she continued the kind of programming she had begun by hosting the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which was the nation's first scholarly conference on Black poetry. The conference, entitled Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, was dedicated to acclaimed poet Gwendolyn Brooks and featured scholars, critics, and the most accomplished and esteemed poets of the time including Nikki Giovanni, Rita Dove, Sonia Sanchez, Michael S. Harper, Haki Madhubuti, and Gwendolyn Brooks herself. The name \"Furious Flower\" is derived from Brooks' poem Second Sermon on the Warpland in which she writes:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe time\ncracks into furious flower. Lifts its face\nall unashamed. And sways in wicked grace.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany who participated in the inaugural Furious Flower conference had their roots in the Black Arts Movement. The Black Arts Movement emerged in the wake of the Black Power Movement of the 1960s and 1970s and was comprised of politically motivated black visionaries, poets, artists, dramatists, musicians, and writers. The conference was met with overwhelming praise and The Washington Post called it an historic event. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to the success of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, the Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 and the Conference became a decennial event, held every ten years. The subsequent conferences were Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition (2004) and Seeding the Future of African American Poetry (2014). Conference programming is comprised of concerts, readings, roundtable and panel discussions, and paper presentations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 2005, following the success of the second Furious Flower Poetry Conference (2004), JMU gave the FFPC its official charter, making it the first academic center in the United States devoted to Black poetry. Gabbin became its executive director, leaving the Honors Program after 19 years of service.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eToday, the FFPC is committed to \"cultivating, honoring, and promoting the diverse voices of African American poets by making the genre accessible to a wide audience and collaborating with educational and cultural institutions, literary organizations, and artists.\" It hosts visiting poets for readings at JMU and nearby venues; sponsors workshops; holds an annual poetry camp for elementary and middle school-aged children; produces texts, videos, DVDs and other materials on African-American poetry; and gathers poets and other scholars for intimate panels and seminars, as well as major conferences. FFPC has held four decennial Furious Flower Conferences: \"A Revolution in African American Poetry\" (1994), \"Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition\" (2004), \"Seeding the Future of African American Poetry\" (2014), and \"Furious Flower IV: Celebrating the Worlds of Black Poetry (2024).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFFPC is located off of Martin Luther King Jr. Way/Historic Cantrell Avenue. Beyond her duties as Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, Joanne Gabbin is a professor of English at JMU, a published author, and a member of the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1994 Conference Video Recordings, 1994 September 29-October 1, were produced by John L. Hodges. The videos represent the raw footage captured during the 1994 Conference.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History","Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 by Joanne V. Gabbin when she was the director of James Madison University's Honors Program. With this flagship of the Honors Program, she continued the kind of programming she had begun by hosting the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference, which was the nation's first scholarly conference on Black poetry. The conference, entitled Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, was dedicated to acclaimed poet Gwendolyn Brooks and featured scholars, critics, and the most accomplished and esteemed poets of the time including Nikki Giovanni, Rita Dove, Sonia Sanchez, Michael S. Harper, Haki Madhubuti, and Gwendolyn Brooks herself. The name \"Furious Flower\" is derived from Brooks' poem Second Sermon on the Warpland in which she writes:","The time\ncracks into furious flower. Lifts its face\nall unashamed. And sways in wicked grace.","Many who participated in the inaugural Furious Flower conference had their roots in the Black Arts Movement. The Black Arts Movement emerged in the wake of the Black Power Movement of the 1960s and 1970s and was comprised of politically motivated black visionaries, poets, artists, dramatists, musicians, and writers. The conference was met with overwhelming praise and The Washington Post called it an historic event. ","Due to the success of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, the Furious Flower Poetry Center (FFPC) was established in 1999 and the Conference became a decennial event, held every ten years. The subsequent conferences were Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition (2004) and Seeding the Future of African American Poetry (2014). Conference programming is comprised of concerts, readings, roundtable and panel discussions, and paper presentations.","In 2005, following the success of the second Furious Flower Poetry Conference (2004), JMU gave the FFPC its official charter, making it the first academic center in the United States devoted to Black poetry. Gabbin became its executive director, leaving the Honors Program after 19 years of service.","Today, the FFPC is committed to \"cultivating, honoring, and promoting the diverse voices of African American poets by making the genre accessible to a wide audience and collaborating with educational and cultural institutions, literary organizations, and artists.\" It hosts visiting poets for readings at JMU and nearby venues; sponsors workshops; holds an annual poetry camp for elementary and middle school-aged children; produces texts, videos, DVDs and other materials on African-American poetry; and gathers poets and other scholars for intimate panels and seminars, as well as major conferences. FFPC has held four decennial Furious Flower Conferences: \"A Revolution in African American Poetry\" (1994), \"Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition\" (2004), \"Seeding the Future of African American Poetry\" (2014), and \"Furious Flower IV: Celebrating the Worlds of Black Poetry (2024).","FFPC is located off of Martin Luther King Jr. Way/Historic Cantrell Avenue. Beyond her duties as Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, Joanne Gabbin is a professor of English at JMU, a published author, and a member of the International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent.","The 1994 Conference Video Recordings, 1994 September 29-October 1, were produced by John L. Hodges. The videos represent the raw footage captured during the 1994 Conference."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional information on the Dark Room Collective can be found \u003ca href=\"https://poets.org/text/brief-guide-dark-room-collective\"\u003ehere.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General Note"],"odd_tesim":["Additional information on the Dark Room Collective can be found  here."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;695ef954-06ba-43a6-b341-cc3edf3fc1e6\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jmu.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|695ef954-06ba-43a6-b341-cc3edf3fc1e6/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;9e242b35-14e6-4742-bd85-186794dcc4ec\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jmu.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|9e242b35-14e6-4742-bd85-186794dcc4ec/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;ac68aac5-b304-45cc-aeb4-0905f8a57259\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jmu.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|ac68aac5-b304-45cc-aeb4-0905f8a57259/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL","Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL","Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Preservica Internal","Preservica Access","Preservica Internal","Preservica Access","Preservica Internal","Preservica Access"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2021, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item, (including title and date)], [box #, folder # OR identifier], Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2021, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2021, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.","[Identification of item, (including title and date)], [box #, folder # OR identifier], Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2021, UA 0017, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. All material contained within three-ring binders was disbound and foldered in original order. During processing several folders were discovered to be empty. Their folder titles are as follows: Dream in Color Drafts, WHSV Children First 2010, WVPT Kid's Book Festival 2010, Poetry Month 2010, Winter Poetry Contest 2010, Marilyn Nelson Reading 2010, 73 Poems Honorariums (Music). The empty folders were discarded. Numerous folders with small purchase credit card statements and receipts were also discarded. Series I has also been renamed \"Grants and Financial Files.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn April 2022, the contents of the Furious Flower Poetry Center Conference Records (UA 0018) were incorporated into the Furious Flower Poetry Center Records (UA 0017) due to the collections' shared provenance and their creation by the same administrative body. The conference records were added as a separate series with subseries for each of the decennial conferences. At this same time, accruals received after initial processing were physically arranged to match their intellectual arrangement. Additional financial files deemed to have limited research value were also weeded in April 2022. Administrative receipts, travel vouchers, travel expenses and reimbursements, travel authorizations, purchase orders, invoices for supplies, monthly detail budget reports, and budget revisions were returned to FFPC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. The collection of magnesium letterpress die plates are individually boxed and organized by the poem's appearance in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry into larger boxes (one record storage box and one oversize Hollinger box). Furious Flower Poetry Center donated a box of rolled posters in cardboard tubes, all identical, from the 1994 and 2004 conferences – each cardboard tube contained one 1994 poster and one 2004 poster. Due to duplication elsewhere in this collection, only one set of posters was retained. They were flattened and placed in the Oversize series. Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVideo recordings were digitized for preservation and research access by Scene Savers in 2016 and 2017. Select records were decribed by JMU graduate assistant Mitchell Teal in 2018 and 2019 for research access through JMU Scholarly Commons in support of a JMU X-Labs course. Description is ongoing as of 2022. Access to content will be made available once description is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Note"],"processinfo_tesim":["The donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. All material contained within three-ring binders was disbound and foldered in original order. During processing several folders were discovered to be empty. Their folder titles are as follows: Dream in Color Drafts, WHSV Children First 2010, WVPT Kid's Book Festival 2010, Poetry Month 2010, Winter Poetry Contest 2010, Marilyn Nelson Reading 2010, 73 Poems Honorariums (Music). The empty folders were discarded. Numerous folders with small purchase credit card statements and receipts were also discarded. Series I has also been renamed \"Grants and Financial Files.\"","In April 2022, the contents of the Furious Flower Poetry Center Conference Records (UA 0018) were incorporated into the Furious Flower Poetry Center Records (UA 0017) due to the collections' shared provenance and their creation by the same administrative body. The conference records were added as a separate series with subseries for each of the decennial conferences. At this same time, accruals received after initial processing were physically arranged to match their intellectual arrangement. Additional financial files deemed to have limited research value were also weeded in April 2022. Administrative receipts, travel vouchers, travel expenses and reimbursements, travel authorizations, purchase orders, invoices for supplies, monthly detail budget reports, and budget revisions were returned to FFPC.","Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","The donor's original order, including folder titles, was maintained whenever possible. The archivist imposed an order on any unordered files, titled any untitled files, and created discrete series. Social security numbers and bank account numbers have been redacted from materials. When possible, newspapers and clippings were photocopied and originals returned to donor. The collection of magnesium letterpress die plates are individually boxed and organized by the poem's appearance in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry into larger boxes (one record storage box and one oversize Hollinger box). Furious Flower Poetry Center donated a box of rolled posters in cardboard tubes, all identical, from the 1994 and 2004 conferences – each cardboard tube contained one 1994 poster and one 2004 poster. Due to duplication elsewhere in this collection, only one set of posters was retained. They were flattened and placed in the Oversize series. Processing of audiovisual content is in-process as of April 2022. Access will be made available to content once processing is complete, barring any copyright or use restrictions.","Video recordings were digitized for preservation and research access by Scene Savers in 2016 and 2017. Select records were decribed by JMU graduate assistant Mitchell Teal in 2018 and 2019 for research access through JMU Scholarly Commons in support of a JMU X-Labs course. Description is ongoing as of 2022. Access to content will be made available once description is complete, barring any copyright or other use restrictions."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee \"1994 Conference Program, 1994\" in Series 1 for original conference program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the file Poetry Reading 2, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the file Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry, 1994 September 30, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the file Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry, 1994 October 1, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSee the file Poetry Reading 5, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29908\"\u003eSam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29908\"\u003eSam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29910\"\u003eToi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29910\"\u003eToi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30094\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30095\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30094\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30095\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30094\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30095\"\u003eNamoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29998\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29999\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29998\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29999\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29998\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29999\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29998\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29999\"\u003e Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30039\"\u003eMichael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera A. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera A\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/30040\"\u003eMichael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera B. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera B\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29907\"\u003eMari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://aspace.lib.jmu.edu/repositories/4/archival_objects/29907\"\u003eMari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See \"1994 Conference Program, 1994\" in Series 1 for original conference program.","See the file Poetry Reading 2, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry, 1994 September 30, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry, 1994 October 1, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","See the file Poetry Reading 5, 1994 September 29, located in the 1994 Conference Video Recordings sub-group.","Sam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut","Sam Allen, Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka Interviews Final Cut","Toi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut","Toi Derricotte, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett Interviews Final Cut","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview A. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview A","Namoi Long Madgett and Eleanor Traylor Interview B. Mari Evans and Val Gray Ward Interview B"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera A. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera A"," Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré Part 2, Camera B. Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler, Camera B","Michael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera A. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera A","Michael Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen Part 2, Camera B. Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore Camera B","Mari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut","Mari Evans, Everett Hoagland, and Sonia Sanchez Interviews Final Cut"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2024, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, a unit formerly of the JMU Honor's Program that became its own separate academic center of the University in 2005. A portion of the material contained within the records derive from events and programs sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center including 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, Lineage: The Margaret Walker Song Cycle, and an annual children's poetry camp. Specific types of materials include event posters and brochures, exhibit panels, logistical and planning documentation, and email correspondence. Materials related to publications produced by the Center such as Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy and Shaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers are comprised of draft manuscripts and correspondence with poets and publishers. Grant proposals and awards, many of which relate to the aforementioned events and projects, are also represented. Materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, including administrative documentation and video recordings, are represented in the Conference Records series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFFPC relies heavily on funding from corporate entities and non-profits to subsidize and off-set the cost of furthering their mission of promoting African-American poetry. As such, this series contains grant proposals and awards (all closed) relating to events, publications, and other projects sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Projects represented in this series include \"Dream in Color,\" an online curriculum sponsored by Target that enabled elementary, middle, and high-school students to discover the works of African-American poets; and the publication of Mourning Katrina, an anthology of poems by observers and survivors of Hurricane Katrina. All grant materials were removed from three-ring binders and foldered, maintaining original order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically by project date and sub-arranged alphabetically within each project.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains material related to publications and manuscripts produced by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. In many cases this refers to books in the typical sense (Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy, Furious Flower: African-American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present), Furious Flower Poetry Center also oversaw the publication of The Painted Word – a set of notecards and a corresponding calendar of poets' portraits. Correspondence with various publishers is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically by event and sub-arranged alphabetically within each event.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of material relating primarily to the many events, programs, and workshops hosted and sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Major events represented in this series include Tell Me Your Names: The Poetry of Lucille Clifton, a week-long seminar held June 14 –June 21, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, a tribute program held September 21, 2010. Of particular interest are 57 oversize exhibit panels from Among Poets: Lucille Clifton Commemorative Exhibition. This 2012 exhibition held at the Reginald F. Lewis Museum and the Enoch Pratt Free Library, both in Baltimore, Maryland, primarily feature photographs by Lynda Koolish of Lucille Clifton, her contemporaries, and her family and friends. The Center's annual Children's Poetry Camp is also well documented. Researchers should note that there are some files in this series (e.g. materials concerning Oni Lasana Productions) that are not directly related to events held by FFPC. These events are likely ones attended by FFPC staff or documented because they serve as examples of comparable outreach initiatives or similar types of promotion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOne file of materials related to the Furious Flower Poetry Center's 25th Anniversary Celebration, held in September 2019 at the National Museum of African American History and Culture, include promotional material, a schedule of events, and a copy of the invocation presented by Rev. Edward A. Scott. Of particular interest is a promotional card inscribed by Qiniso \"Qibho\" Motsa, a poet, musicion, author, and social activist from Eswatini.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series comprises materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, beginning with the inaugural conference in 1994. A significant portion of the records include logistical and planning documentation for each conference as well as marking and promotional items. These materials are comprised of calls for papers, contracts, correspondence, address lists, ticket requests, travel, transportation, and lodging reservations, and menus. The records include nontraditional items as well. Of interest are exhibit panels (text labels and images) describing and depicting the participants of the 1994 conference. Magnesium letterpress die plates used to print a limited edition portfolio Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, a special collection of 23 poems selected by poets (who participated in the 1994 conference) to represent their work, are included. Six silk banners that adorned the Wilson Hall auditorium during the 2004 and 2014 conferences are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically with the exception of the Exhibit of Participants materials and the magnesium letterpress die plates which are located at the end of the series due to their size. Note that the numbering system for the letterpress die plates is sequential based on each poem's order in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry. As such the first folder/four-flap enclosure in box nine is labeled 9:21b. This is the plate for page two of the 21st poem in the publication.\nMaterials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: A Revolution in African American Poetry. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. Conference evaluations completed by attendees and folders labeled \"Positive Responses\" document the overwhelming success of the conference. Of particular interest are exhibit components from the 1994 conference that include text labels and images of each participating poet. The photographs for these panels were taken by C. B. Claiborne. Copy 225 of 300 of Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry is located in box 2, folder 5. The magnesium letterpress die plates used to print this collection of poetry are also included here. Each plate is individually housed in a four-flap enclosure and then boxed in order of appearance in the publication. Of significance are the video recordings documenting conference proceedings and interviews with Black poets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains 45 video recordings captured by John L. Hodges during the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference as well as interviews with poets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOpening invocation and welcome to participants for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The Opening Session was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 8:30 a.m. This footage was originally recorded on 1 MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Critics' Roundtable, \"African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 9:30 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOriginal 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"African American poetry, perhaps more so than fiction and drama, has lent and continues to lend itself to the thematic and formalistic expression of its matrixing in African American culture, in the vernacular (folk and popular) culture in particular. This roundtable will investigate the nature and extent of this matrixing. It will consider the relationship of the folk to the popular vernacular mode, whether \"continuity\" or \"disjuncture\" best describes that relationship and how the difference between the two is imprinted upon the literature. It will also consider the nature and validity of rural/urban, southern/northern distinctions as they apply to cultural expressive manifestations such as the blues, and the degree to which these distinctions spill over into the poetry as a literary production. (Alvin Aubert)\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael S. Harper's Keynote speech at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The session continued with poetry readings by Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax, Toi Derricotte, and E. Ethelbert Miller. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 1 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Readings by Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 4:45 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Readings by Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, and Sonia Sanchez at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The JMU Jazz Ensemble opened the session by playing \"Cherry Juice.\" The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at  8 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Critics' Roundtable, \"Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 9:30 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOriginal 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"The work of literary theory and of theorizing in other areas of the human sciences is to specify what conditions obtain among those who create, those who make use of creations, and the languages (or signs) that enable creators and consumers to negotiate in a world of social constructions. In short, theory is obligated to explain relations between people and artifacts in the contexts of history and culture. In that sense, theory is necessary for rigorous examination of African American poetry. How might theory advance the study and appreciation of African American poetry? Within the frame of this questions, scholars on the panel will be asked to address what kind of critical or cultural theory seems most appropriate for understanding poetry, how such theories influence interpretive methods and approaches, and how must theorists themselves grapple with their own historicity in light of African American poetry's evolution from orature to literature to newer genres that mix orality and literacy. The aim of the panel is to clarify some problems of theory and poetry as they affect various audiences (Jerry W. Ward, Jr.)\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 4 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks' Keynote Speeches at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Keynotes were held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 1 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Readings by Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, and Eugene Redmond at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 3 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTribute Banquet to honor important black poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Mari Evans, Raymond Patterson, Margaret Walker, Naomi Long Madgett, Samuel W. Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, and Gwendolyn Brooks were the honored poets. The banquet was held at Phillips Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 7 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Critics' Roundtable, \"Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 9:30 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOriginal 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"As the drum stands at the crossroads of traditional African and African American culture, so the poets stand at the center of the drum providing the cadence, connections and continuity that define their literary history. Panelists on this roundtable will speak on periodicity and identify significant literary movements from the Harlem Renaissance through the Black Arts Movement to hip-hop. In an attempt to provide a valid historical framework for the poetry, panelists will discuss major literary milestones and important poets emerging during the twentieth century. (Eugene Redmond)\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Free Read at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Free Read was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Readings by Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, and Mona Lisa Saloy at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 2 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Readings by The Dark Room Collective at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Established in Boston in 1988, The Dark Room Collective was first a reading series and later a small community of black poets and writers. The Dark Room Collective's poetry reading at the 1994 conference was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 4:15 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTape 1 begins with the last 10 minutes of Poetry Reading 5 and The Dark Room Collective reading starts at the 12 minute mark. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference Finale for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. A celebration of black arts and culture, the conference finale featured musical and spoken word performances by Mellasenah Morris, the JMU Contemporary Gospel Singers, Val Gray Ward, and Bernice Johnson Reagon. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 8 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 6 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercuts of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring footage from all 3 days of the conference. This footage was originally recorded on 10 MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 1/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the conference opening session and Critics' Roundtable: African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 2/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 1 (Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax; Toi Derricotte; and E. Ethelbert Miller) and Poetry Reading 2 (Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, Naomi Long Madgett). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 3/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 2 (Naomi Long Madgett) and Poetry Reading 3 (Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, Sonia Sanchez). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 4/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry and the keynote speeches by Rita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 5/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring the remainder of  Gwendolyn Brooks' keynote speech and selections from Poetry Reading 4 (Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, Eugene Redmond). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 6/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Tribute Banquet. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 7/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 8/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from  Poetry Reading 5 (Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, Mona Lisa Saloy, and Quo Vadis Gex-Breaux). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 9/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from The Dark Room Collective: A Fisted Reading. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSupercut 10/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Conference Finale. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudience footage of Poetry Reading 2 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFootage of posters, books, various artifacts, and exhibits at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAudience footage of Poetry Reading 5 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with E. Ethelbert Miller at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Miller was interviewed by Eugenia Collier in this recording. This footage was originally recorded on MII videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Eugene Redmond interviewed by Jabari Asim, Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolores Kendrick  interviewed by Judith Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Gerald Barrax interviewed by Joyce Pettis and Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolres Kendrick interviewed by Judith Thomas, Pinkie Gordon Lane interviewed by Sandra Govan, and Michael S. Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Mari Evans interviewed by Val Gray Ward, Everett Hoagland interviewed by Kalamu ya Salaam, and Sonia Sanchez interviewed by Lorenzo Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sam Allen interviewed by Jerry Ward, Alvin Aubert interviewed by Lenard Moore, and Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sherley Anne Williams interviewed by Deborah McDowell. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore, Haki Madhubuti interviewed by Sonia Sanchez, and Naomi Long Madgett interviewed by Eleanor Traylor. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. During the 2004 conference, notable African American scholars including Tony Bolden, Hilary Holladay, and Monifa Love conducted interviews with presenting conference poets including Houston Baker, Rita Dove, and Tony Medina. The corresponding transcripts are included and are particularly significant to African American poetry scholarship. Of particular interest is congratulatory correspondence and RSVP regrets for the 2004 conference from Julian Bond, Governor Mark Warner, Senator George Allen, the office of President George W. Bush and Senator John Kerry, President and CEO of the NAACP Kweisi Mfume, and many others. Some of these letters were printed in the official conference program. Also of interest are evaluations completed by conference attendees. Six  silk banners used to decorate the Wilson Hall auditorium during the conference are included in this series. The banners are rolled onto dowels and housed in a rolled storage container. Currently, the silk banners may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOpening Session and welcome to participants for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The first recording is a copy of the ten-minute documentary that was shown during the opening session and the second tape features performances and remarks from the session itself. The Opening Session was held at College Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8:30 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 1 MDV and 1 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Trudier Harris moderated the session while Maryemma Graham, Hilary Holladay, and Tony Bolden critically discussed turn of the twentieth century poetry, The Black Arts Movement, and modern Black poetry. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFootage of the luncheon hosted by the George Moses Horton Society at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Members of the George Moses Horton Society, based at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, will host a luncheon on Thursday, September 23. The Horton Society was concieved by Trudier Harris in the spring of 1996 as a way to encourage sustained scholarly focus on the works of African American poets and to foster presentation and publishing opportunities for that scholarship. Yusef Komunyakaa and T.J. Anderson are the featured speakers.\" This footage only shows a portion of the presentation by T.J. Anderson and Yusef Komunyakaa before cutting off abruptly. The luncheon was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 11:45 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKeynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. Houston A. Baker Jr. gave his keynote speech entitled, \"The Poetry of Impulse: Six Inches of African Stone and Lyrical Black Consciousness\" after an introduction by Trudier Harris. The session continued a presentation of the Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Award to Houston A. Baker Jr. by Jerry W. Ward Jr. and Joanne Gabbin. Susan Facknitz introduced the next segment, a poetry reading with Jabari Asim, Major Jackson, Tony Medina, Opal Moore, Sharan Strange, and Yusef Komunyakaa. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 23, 1994 at 1:15 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFootage of Concurrent Sessions and the Furious Flower Art Opening Reception at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The first half of the footage shows snippets of concurrent sessions held in various rooms in Taylor Hall from 4:30-5:45pm on Thursday, September 23, 2004. The second half of the footage features the art opening reception, about which the original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program states, \"Commissioned to bring visual attention to the work of African American poets and symbolizing the flowering of African American poetry, this important and original work of art by Atlanta artist Malaika Favorite will be unveiled.\" The reception was held in Taylor Hall Room 405 at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 6:45 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Reading 2 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Brenda Marie Osbey, Kevin Young, E. Ethelbert Miller, Haki Madhubuti, Lucille Clifton, and Nikki Giovanni.  Kalamu ya Salaam introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Daryl C. Dance moderated the session while Velma Pollard, Mark Sanders, Eleanor Traylor, and Omékongo Dibinga presented about the topic cross pollination in the African diaspora. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaureate's Circle poetry reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Eugene Redmond, Dolores Kendrick, Askia Touré, Rita Dove, Amiri Baraka, and Sonia Sanchez. Joanne Gabbin introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Laureate's Circle reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 1:30 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 VHS videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Reading 3 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Harryette Mullen, Alvin Aubert, Nikky Finney, Everett Hoagland, jessica Care moore, and Kalamu ya Salaam. Tony Medina introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 3:30 p.m. This footage was originally recorded on 2 VHS videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTribute Banquet for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka, Lucille Clifton, Nikki Giovanni, Haki Madhubuti, Velma Pollard, Eugene Redmond, Sonia Sanchez, and Askia Touré. The event also featured music by D.J. Renegade and the following as presenters: Melba Boyd, William \"Billy Joe\" Harris, Hilary Holladay, Sandra Govan, Quraysh Ali Lansana, Daryl Dance, Howard Rambsy, Lamont Steptoe, and Eleanor Traylor. The banquet was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 7:30 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 4 DVCAM videocassettes.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePoetry Jam event at the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference at James Madison University. The original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Outstanding poets read and perform their work. Music will be provided by the Joel Dias-Porter Quartet. Porter, aka D.J. Renegade, will emcee the event on Friday, September 24 at 10:30 p.m.\" Participants included Joel Dias-Porter, Quo Vadis Gex Breaux, Mona Lisa Saloy, Lenard Moore, Angela Shannon, Lamont Steptoe, and Samantha Thornhill. The event was held at College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 10:30 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe third Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Opal Moore moderated the session while E. Ethelbert Miller, Toi Derricotte, Kelli Norman Ellis, and Sharan Strange discussed the need for MFA writing programs at historically Black colleges and universities, the development of Cave Canem, Chicago State University's MFA writing program, and the history of the Dark Room Collective. The session was held at Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCave Canem Reunion Luncheon and Open Mic event at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The footage begins with the presentation segments of the Cave Canem luncheon before switching to the Open Mic event. Tyehimba Jess was the Emcee for the Open Mic Reading and many poets read their poetry. The luncheon was held in the Phillips Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 12:00 p.m. and the Open Mic Reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater,  at 1:30 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCave Canem Reunion Reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madision University. The footage begins with a circle jam poetry reading before switching to the Cave Canem Reading. Cornelius Eady, Marilyn Nelson, Kwame Dawes, Elizabeth Alexander, and Toi Derricotte each read their poetry as part of this event. The reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 3:30 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConference Finale for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The event featured two musical groups: \"Fertile Ground\" a soul and jazz band from Baltimore, Maryland and \"The Full Moon of Sonia\" which sets Sonia Sanchez's poetry to music. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 8 p.m. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThis footage was originally recorded on 2 videocassettes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLifetime Achievement Award Banquet for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. jessica Care moore and Tony Medina hosted the banquet and David Berry provided the music. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Elizabeth Alexander, Kwame Dawes, Cornelius Eady, Nikky Finney, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, Harryette Mullen, Niyi Osundare, Timothy Seibles, and Patricia Smith. The banquet was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Wednesday, September 18, 2024 at 6 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOpening session and welcome to the participants for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. A video introduction featuring Afaa M. Weaver opened the session, followed by an in memoriam slideshow. Lauren Alleyne presented an overview of the Furious Flower Poetry Center's work since the 2014 conference. Traci Zimmerman, the Dean of the College of Arts and Letters Dean and interim-Provost, Bob Kolvoord made remarks, and Bethany Nowviskie, Dean of JMU Libraries, gave a presentation about the Mellon Foundation grant partnership between Furious Flower and JMU Libraries. The Opening Session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKeynote Reading and Conversation with honored poets, Elizabeth Alexander \u0026amp; Kwame Dawes, at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Alexander and Dawes read poetry and engaged in discussion with Shara McCallum and Terrance Hayes. The Keynote Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 9:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Worlds of Black Poetry: Critical Portals, Pathways, and Emergences panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University.  Keith Leonard, Jahan Ramazani, Evie Shockley, and Mecca Jamilah Sullivan each presented a paper showcasing the depth and breath of the worlds of Black poetry. Topics of discussion included: avant-garde poetry, elegy and Caribbean poetry, Black confessional poetry, Black feminism, and Black queer poetics. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Decade of Poetic Experiment: 2014 to 2024 panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Aldon Lynn Nielsen, C.S. Giscombe, Meta DuEwa Jones, Mark McMorris, Duriel E. Harris, and Douglas Kearney engaged in a round table discussion about the past decade in Black poetry. Experimentation by poets and critics is of particular focus during this panel. This discussion was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 2 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFurious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026amp; Honorable Mention Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Winner, Michelle Alexander, Honorable Mention, Raejeana Brooks, and judge, Roger Reeves, read poetry and answered questions from the audience. The Furious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026amp; Honorable Mention Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack Universe I: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Rita Dove, Jericho Brown, Camille T. Dungy, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, Malika Booker, Patricia Jabbeh Wesley, Tyehimba Jess, Remica Bingham-Risher, Matthew Shenoda, Lillian-Yvonne Bertram, Cornelius Eady, Frank X. Walker, and Nikky Finney. The Black Universe I: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 7 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDear Yusef: Celebrating the Life \u0026amp; Work of Poet \u0026amp; Professor Yusef Komunyakaa panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lynne Thompson, Joel Dias-Porter, Linda Susan Jackson, and Dante Micheaux discussed a new anthology entitled \"Dear Yusef.\" Panelists also shared their personal experiences working with Yusef Kumanyaka and read poetry from the anthology. The session closed with the presenters answering audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalk With Me: Freedom Fighter's Homage presentation and performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. The session featured a discussion, live performances, and answering questions from the audience. The performance itself examined the long road to freedom for Black people in America and included song, spoken word poetry, and dance. This session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaureate Reading and Conversation at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Rita Dove, Poet Laureate of the United States, 1993-1995, introduced poet laureates from across the country and moderated a conversation after the readings. Featured poets included: Angela Jackson (Illinois), Curtis Crisler (Indiana), Amanda Johnston (Texas), avery r. young (Chicago, IL), and Glenis Redmond (Greenville, SC).  The Laureate Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMagnitude \u0026amp; Bond: A Preview of a Field Study on Black Literary Organizations panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lisa Willis, Candace G. Wiley, Nichelle M. Hayes, and Duriel E. Harris discussed the Magnitude and Bond field study. The presenters represented four organizations that are participating in the field study: Cave Canem, The Watering Hole, Center for Black Literature \u0026amp; Culture (CBLC), and Obsidian: Literature \u0026amp; Arts in the African Diaspora. The group conversed about why the field study is important, positives and negatives they have experienced as leaders of Black literary arts organizations, and how organizations were chosen for the field study. The session closed with a questions from the audience. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 2 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack Universe II: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Ross Gay, Erica Hunt, francine j. harris, Roger Reeves, DaMaris Hill, Efe Paul Azino, Merle Collins, Danez Smith, Tara Betts, A. B. Spellman, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, and Harryette Mullen. The Black Universe II: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 7 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrowing a New Garden: Furious Flowering in Classrooms panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Anastacia-Reneé, allia abdullah-matta, Brian Hannon, Carmin Wong, and Keisha-Gaye Anderson discussed the Furious Flower Syllabus project, an open access syllabus for a range of educational contexts. Each presenter highlighted their favorite poem featured in the project curriculum, conversed about creating the syllabus, and expressed the importance of such an undertaking. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack Universe III: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Kei Miller, Shara McCallum, Tim Seibles, Anastacia Renée, Gregory Pardlo. Joanne Gabbin introduced each poet with a personally written haiku. The Black Universe III: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack Joy in Song performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Sonya Gabrielle Baker, Albert Lee, and Jeremiah Padilla performed poetry set to music, incorporating both vocal and instrumental music. This performance was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 12:30 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Vital History: The Cambridge Anthology Roundtable at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Matt Sandler, Carlyn Ferrari, Marta Werbanowska, McKinley Melton, Annette Debo, and Emily Ruth Rutter discussed an upcoming anthology. Each panelist described their essay from the anthology, including topics such as Black poets of the abolition movement, Black women poets, the Black eco-poetic tradition, elegy, and more. The session concluded with a panel discussion and audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 2 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Terrance Hayes, Evie Shockley, Niyi Osundare, Canisia Lubrin, Patricia Smith, and Kwame Dawes. Lauren Alleyne closed the session by reading a new poem. The Black Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClosing Remarks for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lauren Alleyne, the Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, concluded the conference by expressing gratitude for everyone involved with the event in some way. This event was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 5 p.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Camille Dungy, Ross Gay, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, and Niyi Osundare at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Nate Marshall moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black planet. The group discussed the relationship between Black identity and the environment, how crafting poetry allows them to explore new relationships with the natural world, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Erica Hunt, A.B. Spellman, and Glenis Redmond at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keisha-Gaye Anderson moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme life in poetry. The group discussed why they chose poetry, pivotal moments in their careers, the role of community and collaboration in their development as poets, advice for emerging poets, lessons learned, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Malika Booker, Danez Smith, and Frank X. Walker at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keith Leonard moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme collectives and community. The group discussed why it is important to be involved in their respective communities or collectives, the importance of inter-generational connections, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Anastacia Renée, Canisia Lubrin, and Lillian Yvonne Bertram at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Mecca Jamilah Sullivan moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme poetic experimentation. The group discussed what poetic experimentation means to them, the experience of experimentation, what is lost when discussing the process of experimentation, and what the worlds of black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Evie Shockley, Remica Bingham-Risher, Terrance Hayes, and DaMaris Hill at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Meta DuEwa Jones moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme creative scholarship. The group discussed what scholarship means to them, how the market does or does not affect their work, their collaborative practices, the worlds of black poetry as they relate to their scholarly, creative, and critical work, and finding joy in their work. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Matthew Shenoda, Efe Paul Azino, and Patricia Jabbeh Wesley at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Gbenga Adesina moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme continental conversations. The group discussed diasporic influences, how their work may shape poetry moving forward, and the books or projects they currently working on. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Tara Betts, avery r. young, Danez Smith, and Mahogany L. Browne  at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. McKinley Melton moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme performance. The group discussed what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them, how they see their work engaging in the expansiveness of poetic performance, the best lessons they have learned from their time as poets and performers, and what it means to be at Furious Flower. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Tyehimba Jess, francine j. harris, jessica Care moore and Airea D. Matthews at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Ajanaé Dawkins moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Detroit conversations. Each poet read one of their poems, discussed how the school of Detroit poetry shaped them, and talked about the evolution of Detroit poetry. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Lorna Goodison, Merle Collins, Kei Miller, and Malika Booker at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Jahan Ramazani moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Caribbean conversations. The group discussed Caribbean identity, diasporic identity, the distinctiveness of the Caribbean experience, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInterview with Roger Reeves, Jericho Brown, and Gregory Pardlo at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Curtis Crisler moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black masculinity. The group discussed their definitions of Black masculinity, how they show vulnerability in their poetry, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Contents","Contents","Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, 1970-2024, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, a unit formerly of the JMU Honor's Program that became its own separate academic center of the University in 2005. A portion of the material contained within the records derive from events and programs sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center including 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, Lineage: The Margaret Walker Song Cycle, and an annual children's poetry camp. Specific types of materials include event posters and brochures, exhibit panels, logistical and planning documentation, and email correspondence. Materials related to publications produced by the Center such as Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy and Shaping Memories: Reflections of African American Women Writers are comprised of draft manuscripts and correspondence with poets and publishers. Grant proposals and awards, many of which relate to the aforementioned events and projects, are also represented. Materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, including administrative documentation and video recordings, are represented in the Conference Records series.","Arranged chronologically. ","FFPC relies heavily on funding from corporate entities and non-profits to subsidize and off-set the cost of furthering their mission of promoting African-American poetry. As such, this series contains grant proposals and awards (all closed) relating to events, publications, and other projects sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Projects represented in this series include \"Dream in Color,\" an online curriculum sponsored by Target that enabled elementary, middle, and high-school students to discover the works of African-American poets; and the publication of Mourning Katrina, an anthology of poems by observers and survivors of Hurricane Katrina. All grant materials were removed from three-ring binders and foldered, maintaining original order.","Arranged chronologically by project date and sub-arranged alphabetically within each project.","This series contains material related to publications and manuscripts produced by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. In many cases this refers to books in the typical sense (Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy, Furious Flower: African-American Poetry from the Black Arts Movement to the Present), Furious Flower Poetry Center also oversaw the publication of The Painted Word – a set of notecards and a corresponding calendar of poets' portraits. Correspondence with various publishers is also included.","Arranged chronologically by event and sub-arranged alphabetically within each event.","This series is comprised of material relating primarily to the many events, programs, and workshops hosted and sponsored by the Furious Flower Poetry Center. Major events represented in this series include Tell Me Your Names: The Poetry of Lucille Clifton, a week-long seminar held June 14 –June 21, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton, a tribute program held September 21, 2010. Of particular interest are 57 oversize exhibit panels from Among Poets: Lucille Clifton Commemorative Exhibition. This 2012 exhibition held at the Reginald F. Lewis Museum and the Enoch Pratt Free Library, both in Baltimore, Maryland, primarily feature photographs by Lynda Koolish of Lucille Clifton, her contemporaries, and her family and friends. The Center's annual Children's Poetry Camp is also well documented. Researchers should note that there are some files in this series (e.g. materials concerning Oni Lasana Productions) that are not directly related to events held by FFPC. These events are likely ones attended by FFPC staff or documented because they serve as examples of comparable outreach initiatives or similar types of promotion.","One file of materials related to the Furious Flower Poetry Center's 25th Anniversary Celebration, held in September 2019 at the National Museum of African American History and Culture, include promotional material, a schedule of events, and a copy of the invocation presented by Rev. Edward A. Scott. Of particular interest is a promotional card inscribed by Qiniso \"Qibho\" Motsa, a poet, musicion, author, and social activist from Eswatini.","This series comprises materials related to the decennial Furious Flower poetry conferences, beginning with the inaugural conference in 1994. A significant portion of the records include logistical and planning documentation for each conference as well as marking and promotional items. These materials are comprised of calls for papers, contracts, correspondence, address lists, ticket requests, travel, transportation, and lodging reservations, and menus. The records include nontraditional items as well. Of interest are exhibit panels (text labels and images) describing and depicting the participants of the 1994 conference. Magnesium letterpress die plates used to print a limited edition portfolio Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry, a special collection of 23 poems selected by poets (who participated in the 1994 conference) to represent their work, are included. Six silk banners that adorned the Wilson Hall auditorium during the 2004 and 2014 conferences are included.","Arranged alphabetically with the exception of the Exhibit of Participants materials and the magnesium letterpress die plates which are located at the end of the series due to their size. Note that the numbering system for the letterpress die plates is sequential based on each poem's order in the publication Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry. As such the first folder/four-flap enclosure in box nine is labeled 9:21b. This is the plate for page two of the 21st poem in the publication.\nMaterials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: A Revolution in African American Poetry. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. Conference evaluations completed by attendees and folders labeled \"Positive Responses\" document the overwhelming success of the conference. Of particular interest are exhibit components from the 1994 conference that include text labels and images of each participating poet. The photographs for these panels were taken by C. B. Claiborne. Copy 225 of 300 of Furious Flower: A Revolution in African American Poetry is located in box 2, folder 5. The magnesium letterpress die plates used to print this collection of poetry are also included here. Each plate is individually housed in a four-flap enclosure and then boxed in order of appearance in the publication. Of significance are the video recordings documenting conference proceedings and interviews with Black poets.","This series contains 45 video recordings captured by John L. Hodges during the 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference as well as interviews with poets.","Opening invocation and welcome to participants for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The Opening Session was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 8:30 a.m. This footage was originally recorded on 1 MII videocassette.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 9:30 a.m.","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"African American poetry, perhaps more so than fiction and drama, has lent and continues to lend itself to the thematic and formalistic expression of its matrixing in African American culture, in the vernacular (folk and popular) culture in particular. This roundtable will investigate the nature and extent of this matrixing. It will consider the relationship of the folk to the popular vernacular mode, whether \"continuity\" or \"disjuncture\" best describes that relationship and how the difference between the two is imprinted upon the literature. It will also consider the nature and validity of rural/urban, southern/northern distinctions as they apply to cultural expressive manifestations such as the blues, and the degree to which these distinctions spill over into the poetry as a literary production. (Alvin Aubert)\"","This footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.","Michael S. Harper's Keynote speech at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The session continued with poetry readings by Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax, Toi Derricotte, and E. Ethelbert Miller. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 1 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, and Naomi Long Madgett at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at 4:45 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, and Sonia Sanchez at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The JMU Jazz Ensemble opened the session by playing \"Cherry Juice.\" The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Thursday, September 29, 1994 at  8 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 9:30 a.m. ","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"The work of literary theory and of theorizing in other areas of the human sciences is to specify what conditions obtain among those who create, those who make use of creations, and the languages (or signs) that enable creators and consumers to negotiate in a world of social constructions. In short, theory is obligated to explain relations between people and artifacts in the contexts of history and culture. In that sense, theory is necessary for rigorous examination of African American poetry. How might theory advance the study and appreciation of African American poetry? Within the frame of this questions, scholars on the panel will be asked to address what kind of critical or cultural theory seems most appropriate for understanding poetry, how such theories influence interpretive methods and approaches, and how must theorists themselves grapple with their own historicity in light of African American poetry's evolution from orature to literature to newer genres that mix orality and literacy. The aim of the panel is to clarify some problems of theory and poetry as they affect various audiences (Jerry W. Ward, Jr.)\" ","This footage was originally recorded on 4 MII videocassettes.","Rita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks' Keynote Speeches at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Keynotes were held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 1 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, and Eugene Redmond at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 3 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Tribute Banquet to honor important black poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Mari Evans, Raymond Patterson, Margaret Walker, Naomi Long Madgett, Samuel W. Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, and Gwendolyn Brooks were the honored poets. The banquet was held at Phillips Hall, James Madison University on Friday, September 30, 1994 at 7 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","The Critics' Roundtable, \"Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry,\" was held at the Grafton-Stovall Theatre at James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 9:30 a.m. ","Original 1994 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"As the drum stands at the crossroads of traditional African and African American culture, so the poets stand at the center of the drum providing the cadence, connections and continuity that define their literary history. Panelists on this roundtable will speak on periodicity and identify significant literary movements from the Harlem Renaissance through the Black Arts Movement to hip-hop. In an attempt to provide a valid historical framework for the poetry, panelists will discuss major literary milestones and important poets emerging during the twentieth century. (Eugene Redmond)\" ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Free Read at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Free Read was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Poetry Readings by Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, and Mona Lisa Saloy at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. The Poetry Reading was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 2 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Poetry Readings by The Dark Room Collective at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Established in Boston in 1988, The Dark Room Collective was first a reading series and later a small community of black poets and writers. The Dark Room Collective's poetry reading at the 1994 conference was held at Grafton-Stovall Theatre, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 4:15 p.m. ","Tape 1 begins with the last 10 minutes of Poetry Reading 5 and The Dark Room Collective reading starts at the 12 minute mark. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 MII videocassettes.","Conference Finale for the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. A celebration of black arts and culture, the conference finale featured musical and spoken word performances by Mellasenah Morris, the JMU Contemporary Gospel Singers, Val Gray Ward, and Bernice Johnson Reagon. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall, James Madison University on Saturday, October 1, 1994 at 8 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 6 MII videocassettes.","Supercuts of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring footage from all 3 days of the conference. This footage was originally recorded on 10 MII videocassettes.","Supercut 1/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the conference opening session and Critics' Roundtable: African American Poetry and the Vernacular Matrix. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 2/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 1 (Elizabeth Alexander, Gerald Barrax; Toi Derricotte; and E. Ethelbert Miller) and Poetry Reading 2 (Sam Allen, Pinkie Gordon Lane, Haki Madhubuti, Naomi Long Madgett). ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 3/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Poetry Reading 2 (Naomi Long Madgett) and Poetry Reading 3 (Amiri Baraka, Mari Evans, Michael S. Harper, Sonia Sanchez). ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 4/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry and the keynote speeches by Rita Dove and Gwendolyn Brooks. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 5/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring the remainder of  Gwendolyn Brooks' keynote speech and selections from Poetry Reading 4 (Dolores Kendrick, Nikki Giovanni, Eugene Redmond). ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 6/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Tribute Banquet. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 7/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. ","Supercut 8/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from  Poetry Reading 5 (Jacqueline Brice-Finch, Gwen Butler, Kalamu ya Salaam, Jeannette Drake, Sybil Kein, Adam David Miller, Brenda Marie Osbey, Fabu Carter, Ester Iverem, Mona Lisa Saloy, and Quo Vadis Gex-Breaux). ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Supercut 9/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from The Dark Room Collective: A Fisted Reading. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. ","Supercut 10/10 of the 1994 Furious Flower Conference, featuring selections from the Conference Finale. ","This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette. ","Audience footage of Poetry Reading 2 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Footage of posters, books, various artifacts, and exhibits at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Critical Theories and Approaches in African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Critics' Roundtable: Writing a Literary History of African American Poetry from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Audience footage of Poetry Reading 5 from the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interview with E. Ethelbert Miller at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Miller was interviewed by Eugenia Collier in this recording. This footage was originally recorded on MII videocassettes.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Eugene Redmond interviewed by Jabari Asim, Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolores Kendrick  interviewed by Judith Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Gerald Barrax interviewed by Joyce Pettis and Nikki Giovanni interviewed by Virginia Fowler. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Major Jackson interviewed by Vera Beatty, Dolres Kendrick interviewed by Judith Thomas, Pinkie Gordon Lane interviewed by Sandra Govan, and Michael S. Harper interviewed by Aldon Nielsen. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Mari Evans interviewed by Val Gray Ward, Everett Hoagland interviewed by Kalamu ya Salaam, and Sonia Sanchez interviewed by Lorenzo Thomas. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sam Allen interviewed by Jerry Ward, Alvin Aubert interviewed by Lenard Moore, and Amiri Baraka interviewed by Askia Touré. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Sherley Anne Williams interviewed by Deborah McDowell. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Interviews with poets at the 1994 Furious Flower Conference. Featured in this video is Toi Derricotte interviewed by Opal Moore, Haki Madhubuti interviewed by Sonia Sanchez, and Naomi Long Madgett interviewed by Eleanor Traylor. This footage was originally recorded on a MII videocassette.","Arranged alphabetically.","Materials in this series primarily document the planning and implementation of the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference: Regenerating the Black Poetic Tradition. Records include travel and lodging reservations, correspondence with participating poets, financial documentation and budgets, and mailing lists. Marketing and promotional items such as posters and brochures are included. During the 2004 conference, notable African American scholars including Tony Bolden, Hilary Holladay, and Monifa Love conducted interviews with presenting conference poets including Houston Baker, Rita Dove, and Tony Medina. The corresponding transcripts are included and are particularly significant to African American poetry scholarship. Of particular interest is congratulatory correspondence and RSVP regrets for the 2004 conference from Julian Bond, Governor Mark Warner, Senator George Allen, the office of President George W. Bush and Senator John Kerry, President and CEO of the NAACP Kweisi Mfume, and many others. Some of these letters were printed in the official conference program. Also of interest are evaluations completed by conference attendees. Six  silk banners used to decorate the Wilson Hall auditorium during the conference are included in this series. The banners are rolled onto dowels and housed in a rolled storage container. Currently, the silk banners may only be requested (in writing) by Furious Flower Poetry Center staff.","Opening Session and welcome to participants for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The first recording is a copy of the ten-minute documentary that was shown during the opening session and the second tape features performances and remarks from the session itself. The Opening Session was held at College Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8:30 a.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 1 MDV and 1 DVCAM videocassettes.","The first Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Trudier Harris moderated the session while Maryemma Graham, Hilary Holladay, and Tony Bolden critically discussed turn of the twentieth century poetry, The Black Arts Movement, and modern Black poetry. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Footage of the luncheon hosted by the George Moses Horton Society at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Members of the George Moses Horton Society, based at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, will host a luncheon on Thursday, September 23. The Horton Society was concieved by Trudier Harris in the spring of 1996 as a way to encourage sustained scholarly focus on the works of African American poets and to foster presentation and publishing opportunities for that scholarship. Yusef Komunyakaa and T.J. Anderson are the featured speakers.\" This footage only shows a portion of the presentation by T.J. Anderson and Yusef Komunyakaa before cutting off abruptly. The luncheon was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 11:45 a.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.","Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. Houston A. Baker Jr. gave his keynote speech entitled, \"The Poetry of Impulse: Six Inches of African Stone and Lyrical Black Consciousness\" after an introduction by Trudier Harris. The session continued a presentation of the Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Award to Houston A. Baker Jr. by Jerry W. Ward Jr. and Joanne Gabbin. Susan Facknitz introduced the next segment, a poetry reading with Jabari Asim, Major Jackson, Tony Medina, Opal Moore, Sharan Strange, and Yusef Komunyakaa. The Keynote Speech and Poetry Reading 1 was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 23, 1994 at 1:15 p.m.","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes. ","Footage of Concurrent Sessions and the Furious Flower Art Opening Reception at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The first half of the footage shows snippets of concurrent sessions held in various rooms in Taylor Hall from 4:30-5:45pm on Thursday, September 23, 2004. The second half of the footage features the art opening reception, about which the original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program states, \"Commissioned to bring visual attention to the work of African American poets and symbolizing the flowering of African American poetry, this important and original work of art by Atlanta artist Malaika Favorite will be unveiled.\" The reception was held in Taylor Hall Room 405 at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 6:45 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","Poetry Reading 2 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Brenda Marie Osbey, Kevin Young, E. Ethelbert Miller, Haki Madhubuti, Lucille Clifton, and Nikki Giovanni.  Kalamu ya Salaam introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Thursday, September 23, 2004 at 8 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","The second Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Daryl C. Dance moderated the session while Velma Pollard, Mark Sanders, Eleanor Traylor, and Omékongo Dibinga presented about the topic cross pollination in the African diaspora. The session was held at College Center Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Laureate's Circle poetry reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Eugene Redmond, Dolores Kendrick, Askia Touré, Rita Dove, Amiri Baraka, and Sonia Sanchez. Joanne Gabbin introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Laureate's Circle reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 1:30 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 VHS videocassettes.","Poetry Reading 3 at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets: Harryette Mullen, Alvin Aubert, Nikky Finney, Everett Hoagland, jessica Care moore, and Kalamu ya Salaam. Tony Medina introduced the poets at the beginning of the session. The Poetry Reading was held in Wilson Hall Auditorium at James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 3:30 p.m. This footage was originally recorded on 2 VHS videocassettes.","Tribute Banquet for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Alvin Aubert, Amiri Baraka, Lucille Clifton, Nikki Giovanni, Haki Madhubuti, Velma Pollard, Eugene Redmond, Sonia Sanchez, and Askia Touré. The event also featured music by D.J. Renegade and the following as presenters: Melba Boyd, William \"Billy Joe\" Harris, Hilary Holladay, Sandra Govan, Quraysh Ali Lansana, Daryl Dance, Howard Rambsy, Lamont Steptoe, and Eleanor Traylor. The banquet was held in the College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 7:30 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 4 DVCAM videocassettes.  ","Poetry Jam event at the 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference at James Madison University. The original 2004 Furious Flower Poetry Conference program reads, \"Outstanding poets read and perform their work. Music will be provided by the Joel Dias-Porter Quartet. Porter, aka D.J. Renegade, will emcee the event on Friday, September 24 at 10:30 p.m.\" Participants included Joel Dias-Porter, Quo Vadis Gex Breaux, Mona Lisa Saloy, Lenard Moore, Angela Shannon, Lamont Steptoe, and Samantha Thornhill. The event was held at College Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Friday, September 24, 2004 at 10:30 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 1 DVCAM videocassette.","The third Critics' Roundtable of the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Opal Moore moderated the session while E. Ethelbert Miller, Toi Derricotte, Kelli Norman Ellis, and Sharan Strange discussed the need for MFA writing programs at historically Black colleges and universities, the development of Cave Canem, Chicago State University's MFA writing program, and the history of the Dark Room Collective. The session was held at Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 9:30 a.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Cave Canem Reunion Luncheon and Open Mic event at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. The footage begins with the presentation segments of the Cave Canem luncheon before switching to the Open Mic event. Tyehimba Jess was the Emcee for the Open Mic Reading and many poets read their poetry. The luncheon was held in the Phillips Center Ballroom, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 12:00 p.m. and the Open Mic Reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater,  at 1:30 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 3 DVCAM videocassettes.","Cave Canem Reunion Reading at the 2004 Furious Flower Conference at James Madision University. The footage begins with a circle jam poetry reading before switching to the Cave Canem Reading. Cornelius Eady, Marilyn Nelson, Kwame Dawes, Elizabeth Alexander, and Toi Derricotte each read their poetry as part of this event. The reading was held in Grafton Stovall Theater, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 3:30 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 DVCAM videocassettes.","Conference Finale for the 2004 Furious Flower Conference. The event featured two musical groups: \"Fertile Ground\" a soul and jazz band from Baltimore, Maryland and \"The Full Moon of Sonia\" which sets Sonia Sanchez's poetry to music. The Conference Finale was held at Wilson Hall Auditorium, James Madison University on Saturday, September 25, 2004 at 8 p.m. ","This footage was originally recorded on 2 videocassettes.","Lifetime Achievement Award Banquet for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. jessica Care moore and Tony Medina hosted the banquet and David Berry provided the music. Furious Flower Lifetime Achievement Awards were presented to the following poets: Elizabeth Alexander, Kwame Dawes, Cornelius Eady, Nikky Finney, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, Harryette Mullen, Niyi Osundare, Timothy Seibles, and Patricia Smith. The banquet was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Wednesday, September 18, 2024 at 6 p.m.","Opening session and welcome to the participants for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. A video introduction featuring Afaa M. Weaver opened the session, followed by an in memoriam slideshow. Lauren Alleyne presented an overview of the Furious Flower Poetry Center's work since the 2014 conference. Traci Zimmerman, the Dean of the College of Arts and Letters Dean and interim-Provost, Bob Kolvoord made remarks, and Bethany Nowviskie, Dean of JMU Libraries, gave a presentation about the Mellon Foundation grant partnership between Furious Flower and JMU Libraries. The Opening Session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Keynote Reading and Conversation with honored poets, Elizabeth Alexander \u0026 Kwame Dawes, at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Alexander and Dawes read poetry and engaged in discussion with Shara McCallum and Terrance Hayes. The Keynote Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 9:15 a.m.","The Worlds of Black Poetry: Critical Portals, Pathways, and Emergences panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University.  Keith Leonard, Jahan Ramazani, Evie Shockley, and Mecca Jamilah Sullivan each presented a paper showcasing the depth and breath of the worlds of Black poetry. Topics of discussion included: avant-garde poetry, elegy and Caribbean poetry, Black confessional poetry, Black feminism, and Black queer poetics. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.","A Decade of Poetic Experiment: 2014 to 2024 panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference at James Madison University. Aldon Lynn Nielsen, C.S. Giscombe, Meta DuEwa Jones, Mark McMorris, Duriel E. Harris, and Douglas Kearney engaged in a round table discussion about the past decade in Black poetry. Experimentation by poets and critics is of particular focus during this panel. This discussion was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Furious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026 Honorable Mention Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Winner, Michelle Alexander, Honorable Mention, Raejeana Brooks, and judge, Roger Reeves, read poetry and answered questions from the audience. The Furious Flower Poetry Prize Winner \u0026 Honorable Mention Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.","Black Universe I: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Rita Dove, Jericho Brown, Camille T. Dungy, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, Malika Booker, Patricia Jabbeh Wesley, Tyehimba Jess, Remica Bingham-Risher, Matthew Shenoda, Lillian-Yvonne Bertram, Cornelius Eady, Frank X. Walker, and Nikky Finney. The Black Universe I: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024 at 7 p.m.","Dear Yusef: Celebrating the Life \u0026 Work of Poet \u0026 Professor Yusef Komunyakaa panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lynne Thompson, Joel Dias-Porter, Linda Susan Jackson, and Dante Micheaux discussed a new anthology entitled \"Dear Yusef.\" Panelists also shared their personal experiences working with Yusef Kumanyaka and read poetry from the anthology. The session closed with the presenters answering audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Walk With Me: Freedom Fighter's Homage presentation and performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. The session featured a discussion, live performances, and answering questions from the audience. The performance itself examined the long road to freedom for Black people in America and included song, spoken word poetry, and dance. This session was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.","Laureate Reading and Conversation at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Rita Dove, Poet Laureate of the United States, 1993-1995, introduced poet laureates from across the country and moderated a conversation after the readings. Featured poets included: Angela Jackson (Illinois), Curtis Crisler (Indiana), Amanda Johnston (Texas), avery r. young (Chicago, IL), and Glenis Redmond (Greenville, SC).  The Laureate Reading and Conversation was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 11:15 a.m.","Magnitude \u0026 Bond: A Preview of a Field Study on Black Literary Organizations panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lisa Willis, Candace G. Wiley, Nichelle M. Hayes, and Duriel E. Harris discussed the Magnitude and Bond field study. The presenters represented four organizations that are participating in the field study: Cave Canem, The Watering Hole, Center for Black Literature \u0026 Culture (CBLC), and Obsidian: Literature \u0026 Arts in the African Diaspora. The group conversed about why the field study is important, positives and negatives they have experienced as leaders of Black literary arts organizations, and how organizations were chosen for the field study. The session closed with a questions from the audience. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Black Universe II: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Ross Gay, Erica Hunt, francine j. harris, Roger Reeves, DaMaris Hill, Efe Paul Azino, Merle Collins, Danez Smith, Tara Betts, A. B. Spellman, Lorna Goodison, E. Ethelbert Miller, and Harryette Mullen. The Black Universe II: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024 at 7 p.m.","Growing a New Garden: Furious Flowering in Classrooms panel at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Anastacia-Reneé, allia abdullah-matta, Brian Hannon, Carmin Wong, and Keisha-Gaye Anderson discussed the Furious Flower Syllabus project, an open access syllabus for a range of educational contexts. Each presenter highlighted their favorite poem featured in the project curriculum, conversed about creating the syllabus, and expressed the importance of such an undertaking. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 8:15 a.m.","Black Universe III: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Kei Miller, Shara McCallum, Tim Seibles, Anastacia Renée, Gregory Pardlo. Joanne Gabbin introduced each poet with a personally written haiku. The Black Universe III: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 9:45 a.m.","Black Joy in Song performance at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Sonya Gabrielle Baker, Albert Lee, and Jeremiah Padilla performed poetry set to music, incorporating both vocal and instrumental music. This performance was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 12:30 p.m.","A Vital History: The Cambridge Anthology Roundtable at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Panelists Matt Sandler, Carlyn Ferrari, Marta Werbanowska, McKinley Melton, Annette Debo, and Emily Ruth Rutter discussed an upcoming anthology. Each panelist described their essay from the anthology, including topics such as Black poets of the abolition movement, Black women poets, the Black eco-poetic tradition, elegy, and more. The session concluded with a panel discussion and audience questions. This panel was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 2 p.m.","Black Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. This reading featured the following prominent Black poets from across the world: Terrance Hayes, Evie Shockley, Niyi Osundare, Canisia Lubrin, Patricia Smith, and Kwame Dawes. Lauren Alleyne closed the session by reading a new poem. The Black Universe IV: Featured Poets Reading was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 3:30 p.m.","Closing Remarks for the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Lauren Alleyne, the Executive Director of the Furious Flower Poetry Center, concluded the conference by expressing gratitude for everyone involved with the event in some way. This event was held in the Festival Ballroom at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024 at 5 p.m.","Interview with Camille Dungy, Ross Gay, Alexis Pauline Gumbs, and Niyi Osundare at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Nate Marshall moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black planet. The group discussed the relationship between Black identity and the environment, how crafting poetry allows them to explore new relationships with the natural world, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Erica Hunt, A.B. Spellman, and Glenis Redmond at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keisha-Gaye Anderson moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme life in poetry. The group discussed why they chose poetry, pivotal moments in their careers, the role of community and collaboration in their development as poets, advice for emerging poets, lessons learned, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Malika Booker, Danez Smith, and Frank X. Walker at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Keith Leonard moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme collectives and community. The group discussed why it is important to be involved in their respective communities or collectives, the importance of inter-generational connections, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Thursday, September 19, 2024.","Interview with Anastacia Renée, Canisia Lubrin, and Lillian Yvonne Bertram at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Mecca Jamilah Sullivan moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme poetic experimentation. The group discussed what poetic experimentation means to them, the experience of experimentation, what is lost when discussing the process of experimentation, and what the worlds of black poetry mean to them. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Evie Shockley, Remica Bingham-Risher, Terrance Hayes, and DaMaris Hill at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Meta DuEwa Jones moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme creative scholarship. The group discussed what scholarship means to them, how the market does or does not affect their work, their collaborative practices, the worlds of black poetry as they relate to their scholarly, creative, and critical work, and finding joy in their work. The interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Matthew Shenoda, Efe Paul Azino, and Patricia Jabbeh Wesley at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. Gbenga Adesina moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme continental conversations. The group discussed diasporic influences, how their work may shape poetry moving forward, and the books or projects they currently working on. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Tara Betts, avery r. young, Danez Smith, and Mahogany L. Browne  at the 2024 Furious Flower Conference. McKinley Melton moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme performance. The group discussed what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them, how they see their work engaging in the expansiveness of poetic performance, the best lessons they have learned from their time as poets and performers, and what it means to be at Furious Flower. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Friday, September 20, 2024.","Interview with Tyehimba Jess, francine j. harris, jessica Care moore and Airea D. Matthews at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Ajanaé Dawkins moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Detroit conversations. Each poet read one of their poems, discussed how the school of Detroit poetry shaped them, and talked about the evolution of Detroit poetry. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.","Interview with Lorna Goodison, Merle Collins, Kei Miller, and Malika Booker at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Jahan Ramazani moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Caribbean conversations. The group discussed Caribbean identity, diasporic identity, the distinctiveness of the Caribbean experience, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024.","Interview with Roger Reeves, Jericho Brown, and Gregory Pardlo at the 2024 Furious Flower conference. Curtis Crisler moderated the conversation, posing questions about the theme Black masculinity. The group discussed their definitions of Black masculinity, how they show vulnerability in their poetry, and what the worlds of Black poetry mean to them. This interview was recorded in the Festival Conference and Student Center at James Madison University on Saturday, September 21, 2024."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA copy of Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy Buena Vista, Va.: Mariner Publishing, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton Harrisonburg, Va.: Virginia Tech Printing Services, 2010 were removed from Series 2, catalogued, and placed in the Special Collections rare book collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe following titles were removed from Series 3 and catalogued: Opala, Joseph A. The Gullah: rice, slavery and the Sierra Leone-American connection. Freetown, Sierra Leone: USIS, 1987; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Grammar with Lessons, Exercise and Vocabulary, Vol. 1. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Conversation with Dialogues, Stories, Proverbs, etc., Vol. 2. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Geraty, Virginia Mixson. Bittle en' t'ing': Gullah cooking with Maum Chrish'. Orangeburg, S.C.: Sandlapper Pub., 1992.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA broadside printing of Rita Dove's \"Ode to My Right Knee\" (no. 39 of 100) was removed from the collection and cataloged separately.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A copy of Mourning Katrina: A Poetic Response to Tragedy Buena Vista, Va.: Mariner Publishing, 2009 and 73 Poems for 73 Years: Celebrating the Life of Lucille Clifton Harrisonburg, Va.: Virginia Tech Printing Services, 2010 were removed from Series 2, catalogued, and placed in the Special Collections rare book collection. ","The following titles were removed from Series 3 and catalogued: Opala, Joseph A. The Gullah: rice, slavery and the Sierra Leone-American connection. Freetown, Sierra Leone: USIS, 1987; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Grammar with Lessons, Exercise and Vocabulary, Vol. 1. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Opala, Joseph. Krio in a nutshell.: Krio Conversation with Dialogues, Stories, Proverbs, etc., Vol. 2. Freetown, Sierra Leone: [publisher not identified], 1991; Geraty, Virginia Mixson. Bittle en' t'ing': Gullah cooking with Maum Chrish'. Orangeburg, S.C.: Sandlapper Pub., 1992.","A broadside printing of Rita Dove's \"Ode to My Right Knee\" (no. 39 of 100) was removed from the collection and cataloged separately."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions","Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Copyright for official University records is held by James Madison University; all other copyright is retained by the authors of items in these papers, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_45f28e16f5fdc8ade98243e65fa6eef4\"\u003eThe Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Furious Flower Poetry Center Records, consisting of 17.6 cubic feet (43 boxes, 1 rolled storage container), document the departmental activities of the Furious Flower Poetry Center."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University. Furious Flower Poetry Center","Furious Flower Conference (1st ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). Date of meeting or treaty signing: 1994 :.)","Furious Flower Conference (2nd ) (Location of meeting: James Madison University). 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Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"names_ssim":["Irish Republican Army","Irish Republican Army"],"corpname_ssim":["Irish Republican Army"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#6","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:14.908Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_761.xml","title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"text":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761","Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. ","The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014 Teaching and scholarship Ephemera and objects","Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote  Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations , co-edited  European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow , and wrote two volumes of  Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response .","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. ","This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.","Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out.","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","English \n,        German \n,        French \n,        Spanish; Castilian \n,        Greek, Modern (1453-) \n,        Arabic \n,        Italian \n,        Armenian \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creators_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections in multiple accretions between 2015 and 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOnly select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. \u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eExtremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and scholarship\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and objects\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014 Teaching and scholarship Ephemera and objects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStarting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEurope's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations\u003c/emph\u003e, co-edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEuropean Terrorism: Today \u0026amp; Tomorrow\u003c/emph\u003e, and wrote two volumes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAnti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote  Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations , co-edited  European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow , and wrote two volumes of  Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response .","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePost-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll matches have been burned out.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBowman Miller's Language Study\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTerrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabel on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDonor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9f386e50bbf17c5694f336da534cb182\"\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n,        French \n,        Spanish; Castilian \n,        Greek, Modern (1453-) \n,        Arabic \n,        Italian \n,        Armenian \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":285,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:14.908Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c07"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c30","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Jacqueline Walker","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c30#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c30","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c30"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c30","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories","Oral History Interviews"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories","Oral History Interviews"],"text":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories","Oral History Interviews","Jacqueline Walker","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Harris, Illiana ","Parker, Mone'"],"title_filing_ssi":"Jacqueline Walker","title_ssm":["Jacqueline Walker"],"title_tesim":["Jacqueline Walker"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jacqueline Walker"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":42,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information."],"names_ssim":["Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Harris, Illiana ","Parker, Mone'"],"persname_ssim":["Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Harris, Illiana ","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Harris, Illiana ","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Parker, Mone'"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#29","timestamp":"2026-06-11T20:05:25.504Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_779.xml","title_ssm":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"title_tesim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"unitdate_ssm":["2019"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SdArch.0046","/repositories/4/resources/779"],"text":["SdArch.0046","/repositories/4/resources/779","Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories","oral histories (literary works)","This collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews.","The collection is divided into two series. The oral histories are arranged alphabetically by surname of interviewee.","Classroom Panel Discussion Sound Recordings, 2019 Oral History Interviews, 2019","This collection contains three classroom panel discussion sound recordings as well as forty-one oral history interviews with thirty-six narrators conducted during the Fall 2019  Black Studies and Black Spaces  course offered by the African, African American, and Diaspora Studies (AAAD) program. The interviews comprise a diverse group of narrators, including community members, faculty (current and former), students, administrators, staff, and alumni, reflecting on their experiences and perspectives related to Black studies and the creation of Black spaces within academic and community contexts.","The materials include 98 digital files comprising audio recordings (.wav), corresponding transcripts (.docx), and supporting documentation (.docx and .pdf). Oral history interviews with Joanne Gabbin, Chervon Moore, David Owusu-Ansah, Jacqueline Walker, and Amanda Yankey were conducted over multiple sessions.","The interviews explore themes such as the historical development of Black Studies as an academic discipline, its impact on institutional policies, the role of Black spaces in fostering identity and community, and the intersection of scholarship and activism. Topics include curriculum development, advocacy for interdisciplinary programs, student-led initiatives, and collaborations with local Black communities. Subthemes address cultural memory preservation, intersectionality (race, gender, and class), critiques of diversity frameworks in academia, and the challenges of sustaining inclusive spaces within predominantly white institutions.","This panel discussion documents the institutional history of JMU's AAAD Studies program through the perspectives of founding faculty members, covering several key themes. The founding of AAAD Studies traces its origins to 1980s student-led initiatives that called for Black-centered curricula, with Dr. Jacqueline Walker detailing her 1976 arrival at Madison College, where she developed early African American history courses. Dr. David Owusu-Ansah recounts the collaborative efforts across departments to secure federal grants for African Studies, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary partnerships with art history, political science, and English. Faculty also reflect on the pedagogical challenges of teaching Africana content to predominantly white student bodies; Dr. Steven Reich discusses his approach to dismantling racialized medical biases through historical analysis, while Dr. Melinda Adams highlights her use of African novels in political science courses to counter Eurocentric scholarship. Additionally, Dr. Walker and Dr. Owusu-Ansah analyze retention strategies for BIPOC faculty, noting that JMU has relied more on interpersonal networks than on structural reforms for support. The panel further critiques JMU's fraught relationship with Harrisonburg's Black communities, with Dr. Reich acknowledging the resistance to archiving local Black history.","This panel discussion features conversations among Black women scholars, educators, and institutional leaders about their experiences in academic environments. The panelists reflect on systemic challenges, professional achievements, and intersectional identities within higher education. Key themes include institutional barriers to advancement, strategies for mentorship and community building, and the impact of race and gender on teaching practices. The discussion covers topics such as tenure processes, interdisciplinary collaboration, and navigating visibility in predominantly white academic institutions. The panelists offer critical insights into the sociopolitical dynamics of academia during the late 20th century. Additionally, the recording includes audience  questions related to policy reform and solidarity frameworks. While there is minor background noise, the audio remains clear throughout. This material serves as a primary resource for scholars investigating the historiography of Black feminist thought, institutional equity movements, and oral history methodologies aimed at preserving underrepresented voices.","This panel discussion explores the history and significance of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) at James Madison University. The discussion lifts up BGLOs' roles as cultural affirmations and service leadership engines and addresses challenges within JMU's diversity landscape. BGLOs arose in the early 20th century in response to racial exclusion. Dr. Joanne Gabbin notes the founding of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. in 1908 at Howard University, focused on combating poverty. Alexander Gabbin traces Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc.'s founding in 1911, emphasizing its commitment to academic survival amid racial hostility. Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., founded in 1922, began under KKK influence, underscoring the need for community service. Panelists distinguish BGLOs from predominantly white Greek organizations, noting their legal commitment to community uplift. Esther Nizer illustrates Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.'s activism during the 1913 Women's Suffrage March. Panelists share transformative personal journeys shaped by BGLOs, such as Alexander Gabbin, who gained leadership skills through Kappa Alpha Psi, and Chervon Moore, who found mentorship in Sigma Gamma Rho. BGLOs have significantly influenced JMU's diversity, with alumni taking on leadership roles across campus. Despite their legacy, BGLOs face declining visibility and membership due to reduced Black student enrollment and resource disparities. Esther Nizer mentions alumnae initiatives aimed at fostering connections and a need for greater university support. Panelists discuss the tension between tradition and the evolving views of students regarding BGLOs. The alumni networks of BGLOs play a critical role in retention and support. Dr. Joanne Gabbin shares her long-term mentorship with JMU's Alpha Kappa Alpha chapter. Esther Nizer discusses how her alumni chapter focused on scholarships and legislative advocacy, exemplifying BGLOs as lifelong commitments.","Records an interview with Ireti Akinola, a Black Nigerian American recruitment specialist at James Madison University, who recounts her work recruiting faculty and staff across units including the Office of the President, Student Affairs, and Access and Enrollment Management. The interview documents her navigation of intersecting identities as a Black woman of Nigerian descent, the challenges of advancing institutional diversity initiatives, and her trajectory from JMU alumna to human resources professional. Discusses broader questions of representation, cultural belonging, and the experience of working within a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Lauren K. Alleyne, Executive Director of the  Furious Flower Poetry Center  (FFPC) at James Madison University, who describes the center's operations, programming, and significance as the first academic center dedicated to Black poetry in the United States. The interview documents her responsibilities as editor-in-chief of the online journal \"The Fight and The Fiddle,\" including fundraising, grant writing, and planning seminars, reading series, and other public programs. Discusses major events such as the \"Throw Your Head Back \u0026 Sing\" tribute to Maya Angelou and the Furious Flower 25th anniversary celebration; community engagement initiatives including children's summer arts camps, school visits, and regional collaborations; and institutional challenges related to budget, staffing, space, and campus visibility. Addresses the center's national and international profile, its relationship to JMU and the Harrisonburg community, and tensions between local recognition and national prominence in promoting Black poetry.","Records an interview with Mecca Baker, who reflects on her experiences as a transfer student at James Madison University and her leadership in Black student organizations at a predominantly white institution. The interview documents her search for community, increasing involvement in the Black Student Alliance (BSA), and progression from Parliamentarian and Treasurer to President. Discusses efforts to revitalize BSA from a small, declining organization with limited institutional memory into a more visible, active group; initiatives to redesign the logo, expand programming, and preserve organizational records through donation to Special Collections; and the broader context of Black student life at JMU in the mid to late 2010s. Additional topics include campus protests and marches addressing racial issues, attempts to bridge divides between Greek and non-Greek Black students through events such as \"To Greek or Not to Greek,\" participation in Esteem Models, and evolving conversations about mental health and sexuality within the Black community.","Records an interview with Rebeca Barge, an immigrant from Central America and long-time Harrisonburg resident, who reflects on community engagement, diversity, and relationships between James Madison University and the city of Harrisonburg. The interview documents her work at the Harrisonburg City Public Schools Welcome Center assisting Latin American families with access to local resources and her subsequent role at JMU's Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) supporting student organizations and diversity initiatives. Discusses her former position as Program Director at Big Brothers Big Sisters coordinating mentoring programs with JMU students and considers how these roles connect campus communities, local schools, and families in Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.","Records an interview with Daniel Beers, Associate Professor in the Department of Justice Studies at James Madison University, who recounts his humanitarian work and academic career with a focus on Haiti. The interview documents the founding and development of Resources to Resources, a nonprofit organization supporting community-driven development projects, and his efforts to involve students in international humanitarian work through cultural programming and experiential learning. Discusses critical perspectives on traditional humanitarian aid, ethical research practices in Haiti, fundraising concerts, challenges of scaling community-based initiatives and countering poverty narratives, and the intersections between academic research and community service in international development contexts.","Records an interview with Tiffany Brutus, Assistant Director of Student-Athlete Services at James Madison University and JMU alumna, who reflects on her experiences as a student-athlete and administrator. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years as a track and field athlete from Ann Arbor, Michigan, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in Health Sciences in 2004 and 2006, and her engagement with the Center for Multicultural Student Services and the Black student community. Discusses her accomplishments as a four-time CAA Conference Champion, transition from student-athlete to graduate assistant in Student Athlete Services, and subsequent professional role supporting student-athletes. Additional topics include her service with the Black Alumni Chapter as Secretary, challenges in fostering Black alumni engagement, and observations on changes in Black student experiences at JMU from the 1980s through the 2000s.","Records an interview with Cannie Campbell, Associate Vice President for Constituent Engagement, and Carrie Combs, Director of Alumni Relations and Executive Director of the JMU Alumni Association, who discuss their experiences as James Madison University alumni and advancement professionals. The interview, conducted at Sonner Hall, documents Campbell's transfer to JMU in 1995, completion of a B.S. in Health Sciences, and progression from positions in the Health Center and Student Affairs to University Advancement, as well as Combs's move from Southern California in 2003, degrees in Technical and Scientific Communication, and work in the private sector before returning to JMU. Discusses their institutional support and liaison roles with the Black Alumni Chapter, founded by Deborah Johnson in the 1980s, partnerships with the Office of Diversity, Access, and Inclusion and the Center for Multicultural Student Services, and gaps in institutional historical knowledge about Black alumni organizing.","Records an interview with Erica Cavanagh, James Madison University faculty member and alumna, who reflects on her undergraduate years from 1993 to 1996 and later academic and teaching career. The interview documents her B.A. in English and Art History, participation in Dr. Joanne Gabbin's African American Poetry course during the inaugural Furious Flower Poetry Conference in 1994, and the course's emphasis on the Black Aesthetic, including jazz, blues, spirituals, biblical allusions, and vernacular traditions. Discusses her graduate studies at the University of Chicago focusing on poet Rita Dove, her attendance at Gwendolyn Brooks's funeral in 2000, and her ongoing work teaching African American literature and food studies at JMU, highlighting continuity between her student experiences and later pedagogy.","Records an interview with Art Dean, Executive Director for Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on his 27-year career at the institution as both student and administrator. The interview documents his work in faculty and staff recruitment, development of diversity and inclusion initiatives, and efforts to create welcoming spaces for historically marginalized communities on campus. Discusses the evolution of campus diversity, the importance of mentorship, the formation of Black spaces at JMU, and his role on the President's Cabinet in advancing institutional commitments to access, inclusion, and intersectional understanding.","Records an interview with Alyssa Elliott, a member of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., who discusses her experiences with the African American Divine Nine organizations at James Madison University. The interview documents her perspectives on differences between Panhellenic and historically Black Greek letter organizations, the role of the Center for Multicultural Student Services as a safe and affirming space, and ongoing challenges related to Greek housing, visibility, and institutional support for Black Greek organizations. Discusses her sorority's commitment \"to bridge the gap\" by building connections across communities and addresses broader questions of representation, inclusion, and campus climate for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, founder of the Furious Flower Poetry Center and professor emerita of English at James Madison University, who recounts the origins and development of the center from the inaugural 1994 conference honoring Gwendolyn Brooks. The interview documents the planning and challenges involved in organizing the first academic conference dedicated to Black poetry, the transformation of Furious Flower from a single event into a permanent center, and the cultural significance of creating institutional space for Black literary voices at a predominantly white university. Discusses the importance of Black poetry in American literature and the resistance she encountered while establishing the center.","Records a follow-up interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, who expands on the broader impact and ongoing development of the Furious Flower Poetry Center at James Madison University. The interview documents the integration of Furious Flower materials into university curricula, changes in the center's physical location, and community outreach programs such as the Children's Creativity Camp and Slam Academy. Discusses international collaborations, the role of poetry in international studies, and her vision for the center's sustainability through endowment funding, advocating for continued recognition and support of Black literary arts.","Records an interview with Harrisonburg resident Robert Lee Harper Jr., who reflects on relationships between the local Black community and James Madison University. The interview documents his early connection to JMU through construction work on campus buildings as a high school student in the late 1960s and his observations of changing town–gown dynamics over several decades. Discusses the history and demographics of the Northeast neighborhood, the significance of institutions such as the Lucy Simms School and local churches, and ongoing community partnerships, including the effects of university growth on housing, employment, and student volunteer engagement in the Black community.","Records an interview with Karina Kline-Gabel, Assistant Dean for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in the College of Arts and Letters at James Madison University, who explores intersections between Latinx and Black spaces on campus. The interview documents her bilingual, bicultural background; advocacy for Latinx students and families in Harrisonburg; and leadership in founding the Madison Hispanic Caucus and advising the Latinx Student Alliance. Discusses collaborative efforts among cultural organizations, challenges of visibility and accessibility for multicultural spaces, the need for sustained institutional support, and opportunities for cross-cultural programming and shared understanding.","Records an interview with Thomas Lavenir, Assistant Director of International Student and Scholar Services at James Madison University's Center for Global Engagement, who discusses international student experiences and recruitment. The interview documents his perspective as a former international student from France, challenges in recruiting students from Black-majority regions, and barriers posed by financial constraints and immigration policies. Discusses programs such as the Link initiative and the International Student Leadership Conference, efforts to connect international and domestic students, and institutional obstacles to increasing representation of students from African and Caribbean countries.","Records an interview with Lawrence Marfo, who reflects on his academic journey, professional development, and experiences in Black spaces at James Madison University. The interview documents themes of identity, belonging, and institutional culture within the context of broader diversity and inclusion efforts at JMU. Discusses academic experiences, community engagement, and perspectives on creating inclusive environments and support systems for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Jacob Mayiani, a data scientist with a master's degree in Integrated Science and Technology from James Madison University, who reflects on Black spaces and community on campus. The interview documents his personal background, educational trajectory, and involvement with campus organizations. Discusses questions of representation and cultural identity, the formation of supportive networks within a predominantly white institution, and the roles of student leadership and academic achievement in building community.","Records an interview with McKinley Melton, who discusses experiences related to Black spaces and cultural identity at James Madison University. The interview documents aspects of student life, academic pursuits, and participation in diversity initiatives, emphasizing the importance of mentorship and community building.","Records an interview with Tim Miller, who shares his perspectives on Black spaces and institutional dynamics at James Madison University. The interview documents his professional role within the university community, experiences with diversity and inclusion work, and observations on the development of supportive environments for Black students and staff. Discusses leadership and mentorship practices, institutional challenges, and strategies for promoting equitable policies and cultures on campus.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore, who reflects on Black spaces and community engagement at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in student organizations serving the Black community and examines the importance of historically Black Greek letter organizations for sisterhood, service, and leadership development. Discusses community outreach, student retention, and the role of culturally based organizations in supporting academic success.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore who recounts her experiences as a \"Double Duke\" and student affairs professional. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years, initial disappointment with limited visibility of the Black community, and subsequent engagement in organizations such as the Black Student Association, Contemporary Gospel Singers, and Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Discusses her transition from corporate consulting to student affairs work at JMU, shifts in leadership and diversity priorities over her five-year tenure, the location and visibility of the Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) within campus infrastructure, advising the Women of Color organization, and strategies for retention and coalition-building among students of color.","Records an interview with Adebayo Ogundipe, who discusses his academic and personal experiences at James Madison University and the intersections between international student life and Black identity on campus. The interview documents his perspectives as a member of the campus community engaged with Black spaces and Africana studies, focusing on cultural identity, academic experiences, and community involvement. Discusses how international students from the African diaspora navigate predominantly white institutional settings, participate in academic programs and student organizations, and contribute to evolving conversations about Black identity and community at JMU.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, who discusses African and African American Studies at James Madison University from his perspective as a scholar and faculty leader. The interview documents the development of Africana Studies programs, interdisciplinary collaborations, and efforts to integrate African perspectives into higher education curricula. Discusses themes of cultural authenticity, academic rigor, and the challenges of establishing ethnic studies programs, including curriculum design, faculty recruitment, and strategies to engage students in Africana Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah that continues his reflections on African Studies and its place within the academic landscape at James Madison University. The interview documents theoretical foundations of Africana Studies, arguments for decolonizing education, and the contributions of African-centered scholarship to contemporary social issues. Discusses research methodologies, community partnerships, and the global dimensions of African Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, which includes an analysis of the evolution of African Studies education at James Madison University. The interview documents intersections between academic scholarship and social justice, emphasizing culturally relevant pedagogy and strategies for engaging students with African and African American history and culture. Discusses pedagogical innovation, student mentorship, and the development of critical consciousness through education.","Records an interview with Darius Perkins, who reflects on his experiences within the James Madison University community with particular attention to Black spaces, student life, and campus culture. The interview documents his academic journey and involvement in programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies and related student organizations. Discusses community-building efforts, identity formation, and opportunities and challenges encountered by Black students at a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Karen Risch-Mott, who discusses her work in multicultural education and efforts to develop inclusive teaching practices at James Madison University. The interview documents her support for diverse student populations through culturally responsive programming and collaboration with student support services. Discusses themes of educational equity, cultural competency, and the practical challenges of creating inclusive learning environments, including policy development, cross-cultural engagement, and strategies for fostering a campus climate that affirms students from a wide range of backgrounds.","Records an interview with Olivia Stephens, who reflects on her academic journey and experiences as a Black student at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in campus organizations that support students of the global majority, her efforts to build community and find affirming spaces, and her engagement with diversity and inclusion initiatives. Discusses themes of identity, belonging, and leadership development at a predominantly white institution, including the importance of mentorship, peer networks, and culturally responsive programming.","Records an interview with Diane L. Strawbridge, Executive Director for Student Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on her experiences as a JMU alumna, longtime Harrisonburg resident, and founder of the Centennial Scholars Program. The interview documents the development and evolution of Centennial Scholars from its first cohort in 2004, including early challenges in communicating the program's purpose, building structures for study hall and community service, and partnering with offices such as Community Service-Learning to support Pell-eligible students from across Virginia. Discusses themes of educational access, student development, and institutional responsibility for diversity and inclusion at a predominantly white institution, highlighting how Centennial Scholars provides a space for students to explore identity, build community, and \"take ownership\" of campus while also challenging assumptions about who the program serves. Additional topics include Strawbridge's own commuter student experience in the late 1970s and early 1980s, changing patterns of racial diversity at JMU over several decades, and the role of Black faculty and staff mentors in sustaining community for students of color.","Records an interview with Wayne Teel, professor in the School of Integrated Science and Technology at James Madison University, who recounts his path from agroforestry work in Sudan, Kenya, and Mozambique to teaching environmental and geography courses at JMU. The interview documents his long-term engagement with African agriculture and ecology, including fieldwork on smallholder farming and Indigenous tree species, his scholarship on Kenyan sand dams and water access, and his role in developing and teaching a Geography of Africa course that contributes to the African, African American, and Diaspora (AAAD) Studies minor. Discusses themes of environmental and racial justice, global inequities in land and resource use, and the challenges of building connections between AAAD and science and engineering disciplines on a physically divided campus, emphasizing the importance of giving students experiential and place-based knowledge of Africa. Additional topics include his participation in Kenya-based study abroad programs, collaboration with colleagues and African partners, and the use of physical objects and visual materials to interpret African landscapes and water systems for JMU students.","Records an interview with Linda Thomas, who reflects on her relationship to James Madison University and her perspectives on Black spaces and campus community. The interview documents her connection to the institution—as student, staff, faculty, and community member—and her reflections on the evolution of Black student life and institutional support for people of color. Discusses campus culture, student services, academic programs, and broader social conditions affecting students and community members of color, as well as ongoing efforts to more inclusive and supportive environments.","Records an interview with Jordan Todd, who discusses his experiences and perspectives on Black spaces and student life at James Madison University. The interview documents his involvement in campus organizations, academic journey, and observations of campus climate for Black students. Discusses student activism, community building, leadership development, and academic success strategies, as well as efforts to address institutional challenges affecting students of color.","Records the first session of an oral history interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who recounts her recruitment to Madison College in the mid-1970s and first impressions of Harrisonburg and the campus. The interview documents her first impressions of Harrisonburg, early meetings with colleagues in the History Department, and the mix of welcome and hostility she encountered. Discusses themes of racism, professional fit, campus climate, and intellectual community, emphasizing how supportive colleagues and a sense of intellectual community shaped her decision to build a career at JMU.","Records an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, who reflects on her family history in Burke County, Georgia, her parents' experiences during the Great Migration, and the central role of education for Black women in her family. The interview documents multigenerational strategies for securing schooling beyond the eighth grade, stories of landownership, racial violence, and economic displacement in the Jim Crow South, and the expectations that Walker and her siblings pursue professional careers in fields such as history, engineering, and computing. Discusses themes of race, gender, and education, linking southern Black rural life, migration to northern cities such as East Orange, New Jersey, and the shaping of her own academic trajectory, including her later work developing African American history courses and African, African American, and Diaspora Studies at James Madison University.","Records the third part of an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who reflects on her tenure in the History Department and the factors that influenced her decision to remain at JMU. The interview documents her reflections on whether JMU was the right place for her, contrasting modest library resources with a strong sense of collegiality in the History Department, and considering job offers elsewhere, including an opportunity to direct a Black Studies program at another university. Discusses themes of academic culture, departmental community, and Black faculty retention, highlighting the importance of mutual respect among colleagues, acceptance of individuality, and protection from toxic departmental politics in enabling her to build a career, mentor students, and contribute to African American and African diaspora studies at JMU.","Records an interview with Pernell Whitfield, who reflects on his academic and personal journey within the James Madison University community and his perspectives on Black spaces, student life, and institutional culture. The interview documents his involvement in campus life where questions of racial identity, community formation, and institutional support systems intersect, including participation in student organizations, engagement with academic programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies, and use of campus services supporting students of the global majority. Discusses themes of belonging, leadership development, and mentorship, as well as strategies Black students employ to create and navigate supportive communities within a predominantly white institutional setting.","Records an interview with Amanda Yankey, who reflects on Black identity and community at James Madison University. The interview documents her personal journey and academic achievements, and involvement in organizations supporting students of color. Discusses experiences of navigating a predominantly white institution, the importance of mentorship and peer support networks, and efforts to build inclusive communities and affirming spaces on campus. Additional topics include student leadership, community service, and the importance of mentorship and peer support networks.","Records a follow-up interview with Amanda Yankey, who offers additional reflections on her experiences navigating higher education as a Black woman at James Madison University. The interview documents her ongoing academic and personal development, participation in diversity initiatives, and observations on campus culture and institutional climate. Discusses themes of resilience and empowerment, the role of education in fostering social change, and the importance of representation and visibility for Black students in higher education.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Poetry Center","Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Owusu-Ansah, David (19520801)","Reich, Steven A. (Steven Andrew), 1965-","Adams, Melinda, (Political science teacher)","Porter, Rob","Bishop, Kayleigh","Adkins, Ant","Moore, Chervon","Black, Iona","Bryson, B. J., Dr. (Brenda Jean)","Akinola, Ireti","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Medeiros, Megan","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Colbert, Qyaira","Chang, Angelina Ingrassia","Nemergut, Margaret","Baker, Mecca","Williams, Ashleigh","Snyder, Hannah","Barge, Rebeca","Pineda-Hernandez, Michelle","Crosby, Tessa","Beers, Daniel J.","Kifle , Mistire","Brutus, Tiffany","Jones, Norman","Haupt, Amy","Campbell, Cannie","Combs, Carrie","Cavanagh, Erica","Dean, Art","Parker, Mone'","Shafik, Marina","Elliott, Alyssa","Hairston, TaLisha","Conrades, Jenna","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Harper, Robert Lee, Jr.","Law, Spencer","Kline-Gabel, Karina","Marsh, Madeline","Lavenir, Thomas","Marfo, Lawrence","Mayiani, Jacob","Melton, McKinley","Miller, Timothy","Ogundipe, Adebayo","Penaranda, Nico","Harris, Illiana ","Perkins, Darius","Mott, Karen E. Risch","Stephens, Olivia","Strawbridge, Diane","Teel, Wayne","Thomas, Daphyne Saunders","Heyward, Zaria","Thomas, Linda","Todd, Jordan","Whitfield, Pernell","Yankey, Amanda","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SdArch.0046","/repositories/4/resources/779"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"collection_title_tesim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"collection_ssim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"creator_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"creators_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Molly Godfrey, 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["oral histories (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["oral histories (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["22.1 Gigabytes 98 digital files"],"extent_tesim":["22.1 Gigabytes 98 digital files"],"genreform_ssim":["oral histories (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two series. The oral histories are arranged alphabetically by surname of interviewee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eClassroom Panel Discussion Sound Recordings, 2019\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eOral History Interviews, 2019\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into two series. The oral histories are arranged alphabetically by surname of interviewee.","Classroom Panel Discussion Sound Recordings, 2019 Oral History Interviews, 2019"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;c420eddd-b908-4dae-9dcf-09e7626d002b\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jmu.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|c420eddd-b908-4dae-9dcf-09e7626d002b/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Preservica Internal","Preservica Access"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains three classroom panel discussion sound recordings as well as forty-one oral history interviews with thirty-six narrators conducted during the Fall 2019 \u003cemph\u003eBlack Studies and Black Spaces\u003c/emph\u003e course offered by the African, African American, and Diaspora Studies (AAAD) program. The interviews comprise a diverse group of narrators, including community members, faculty (current and former), students, administrators, staff, and alumni, reflecting on their experiences and perspectives related to Black studies and the creation of Black spaces within academic and community contexts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe materials include 98 digital files comprising audio recordings (.wav), corresponding transcripts (.docx), and supporting documentation (.docx and .pdf). Oral history interviews with Joanne Gabbin, Chervon Moore, David Owusu-Ansah, Jacqueline Walker, and Amanda Yankey were conducted over multiple sessions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe interviews explore themes such as the historical development of Black Studies as an academic discipline, its impact on institutional policies, the role of Black spaces in fostering identity and community, and the intersection of scholarship and activism. Topics include curriculum development, advocacy for interdisciplinary programs, student-led initiatives, and collaborations with local Black communities. Subthemes address cultural memory preservation, intersectionality (race, gender, and class), critiques of diversity frameworks in academia, and the challenges of sustaining inclusive spaces within predominantly white institutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis panel discussion documents the institutional history of JMU's AAAD Studies program through the perspectives of founding faculty members, covering several key themes. The founding of AAAD Studies traces its origins to 1980s student-led initiatives that called for Black-centered curricula, with Dr. Jacqueline Walker detailing her 1976 arrival at Madison College, where she developed early African American history courses. Dr. David Owusu-Ansah recounts the collaborative efforts across departments to secure federal grants for African Studies, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary partnerships with art history, political science, and English. Faculty also reflect on the pedagogical challenges of teaching Africana content to predominantly white student bodies; Dr. Steven Reich discusses his approach to dismantling racialized medical biases through historical analysis, while Dr. Melinda Adams highlights her use of African novels in political science courses to counter Eurocentric scholarship. Additionally, Dr. Walker and Dr. Owusu-Ansah analyze retention strategies for BIPOC faculty, noting that JMU has relied more on interpersonal networks than on structural reforms for support. The panel further critiques JMU's fraught relationship with Harrisonburg's Black communities, with Dr. Reich acknowledging the resistance to archiving local Black history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis panel discussion features conversations among Black women scholars, educators, and institutional leaders about their experiences in academic environments. The panelists reflect on systemic challenges, professional achievements, and intersectional identities within higher education. Key themes include institutional barriers to advancement, strategies for mentorship and community building, and the impact of race and gender on teaching practices. The discussion covers topics such as tenure processes, interdisciplinary collaboration, and navigating visibility in predominantly white academic institutions. The panelists offer critical insights into the sociopolitical dynamics of academia during the late 20th century. Additionally, the recording includes audience  questions related to policy reform and solidarity frameworks. While there is minor background noise, the audio remains clear throughout. This material serves as a primary resource for scholars investigating the historiography of Black feminist thought, institutional equity movements, and oral history methodologies aimed at preserving underrepresented voices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis panel discussion explores the history and significance of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) at James Madison University. The discussion lifts up BGLOs' roles as cultural affirmations and service leadership engines and addresses challenges within JMU's diversity landscape. BGLOs arose in the early 20th century in response to racial exclusion. Dr. Joanne Gabbin notes the founding of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. in 1908 at Howard University, focused on combating poverty. Alexander Gabbin traces Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc.'s founding in 1911, emphasizing its commitment to academic survival amid racial hostility. Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., founded in 1922, began under KKK influence, underscoring the need for community service. Panelists distinguish BGLOs from predominantly white Greek organizations, noting their legal commitment to community uplift. Esther Nizer illustrates Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.'s activism during the 1913 Women's Suffrage March. Panelists share transformative personal journeys shaped by BGLOs, such as Alexander Gabbin, who gained leadership skills through Kappa Alpha Psi, and Chervon Moore, who found mentorship in Sigma Gamma Rho. BGLOs have significantly influenced JMU's diversity, with alumni taking on leadership roles across campus. Despite their legacy, BGLOs face declining visibility and membership due to reduced Black student enrollment and resource disparities. Esther Nizer mentions alumnae initiatives aimed at fostering connections and a need for greater university support. Panelists discuss the tension between tradition and the evolving views of students regarding BGLOs. The alumni networks of BGLOs play a critical role in retention and support. Dr. Joanne Gabbin shares her long-term mentorship with JMU's Alpha Kappa Alpha chapter. Esther Nizer discusses how her alumni chapter focused on scholarships and legislative advocacy, exemplifying BGLOs as lifelong commitments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Ireti Akinola, a Black Nigerian American recruitment specialist at James Madison University, who recounts her work recruiting faculty and staff across units including the Office of the President, Student Affairs, and Access and Enrollment Management. The interview documents her navigation of intersecting identities as a Black woman of Nigerian descent, the challenges of advancing institutional diversity initiatives, and her trajectory from JMU alumna to human resources professional. Discusses broader questions of representation, cultural belonging, and the experience of working within a predominantly white institution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Lauren K. Alleyne, Executive Director of the \u003ccorpname\u003eFurious Flower Poetry Center\u003c/corpname\u003e (FFPC) at James Madison University, who describes the center's operations, programming, and significance as the first academic center dedicated to Black poetry in the United States. The interview documents her responsibilities as editor-in-chief of the online journal \"The Fight and The Fiddle,\" including fundraising, grant writing, and planning seminars, reading series, and other public programs. Discusses major events such as the \"Throw Your Head Back \u0026amp; Sing\" tribute to Maya Angelou and the Furious Flower 25th anniversary celebration; community engagement initiatives including children's summer arts camps, school visits, and regional collaborations; and institutional challenges related to budget, staffing, space, and campus visibility. Addresses the center's national and international profile, its relationship to JMU and the Harrisonburg community, and tensions between local recognition and national prominence in promoting Black poetry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Mecca Baker, who reflects on her experiences as a transfer student at James Madison University and her leadership in Black student organizations at a predominantly white institution. The interview documents her search for community, increasing involvement in the Black Student Alliance (BSA), and progression from Parliamentarian and Treasurer to President. Discusses efforts to revitalize BSA from a small, declining organization with limited institutional memory into a more visible, active group; initiatives to redesign the logo, expand programming, and preserve organizational records through donation to Special Collections; and the broader context of Black student life at JMU in the mid to late 2010s. Additional topics include campus protests and marches addressing racial issues, attempts to bridge divides between Greek and non-Greek Black students through events such as \"To Greek or Not to Greek,\" participation in Esteem Models, and evolving conversations about mental health and sexuality within the Black community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Rebeca Barge, an immigrant from Central America and long-time Harrisonburg resident, who reflects on community engagement, diversity, and relationships between James Madison University and the city of Harrisonburg. The interview documents her work at the Harrisonburg City Public Schools Welcome Center assisting Latin American families with access to local resources and her subsequent role at JMU's Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) supporting student organizations and diversity initiatives. Discusses her former position as Program Director at Big Brothers Big Sisters coordinating mentoring programs with JMU students and considers how these roles connect campus communities, local schools, and families in Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Daniel Beers, Associate Professor in the Department of Justice Studies at James Madison University, who recounts his humanitarian work and academic career with a focus on Haiti. The interview documents the founding and development of Resources to Resources, a nonprofit organization supporting community-driven development projects, and his efforts to involve students in international humanitarian work through cultural programming and experiential learning. Discusses critical perspectives on traditional humanitarian aid, ethical research practices in Haiti, fundraising concerts, challenges of scaling community-based initiatives and countering poverty narratives, and the intersections between academic research and community service in international development contexts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Tiffany Brutus, Assistant Director of Student-Athlete Services at James Madison University and JMU alumna, who reflects on her experiences as a student-athlete and administrator. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years as a track and field athlete from Ann Arbor, Michigan, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in Health Sciences in 2004 and 2006, and her engagement with the Center for Multicultural Student Services and the Black student community. Discusses her accomplishments as a four-time CAA Conference Champion, transition from student-athlete to graduate assistant in Student Athlete Services, and subsequent professional role supporting student-athletes. Additional topics include her service with the Black Alumni Chapter as Secretary, challenges in fostering Black alumni engagement, and observations on changes in Black student experiences at JMU from the 1980s through the 2000s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Cannie Campbell, Associate Vice President for Constituent Engagement, and Carrie Combs, Director of Alumni Relations and Executive Director of the JMU Alumni Association, who discuss their experiences as James Madison University alumni and advancement professionals. The interview, conducted at Sonner Hall, documents Campbell's transfer to JMU in 1995, completion of a B.S. in Health Sciences, and progression from positions in the Health Center and Student Affairs to University Advancement, as well as Combs's move from Southern California in 2003, degrees in Technical and Scientific Communication, and work in the private sector before returning to JMU. Discusses their institutional support and liaison roles with the Black Alumni Chapter, founded by Deborah Johnson in the 1980s, partnerships with the Office of Diversity, Access, and Inclusion and the Center for Multicultural Student Services, and gaps in institutional historical knowledge about Black alumni organizing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Erica Cavanagh, James Madison University faculty member and alumna, who reflects on her undergraduate years from 1993 to 1996 and later academic and teaching career. The interview documents her B.A. in English and Art History, participation in Dr. Joanne Gabbin's African American Poetry course during the inaugural Furious Flower Poetry Conference in 1994, and the course's emphasis on the Black Aesthetic, including jazz, blues, spirituals, biblical allusions, and vernacular traditions. Discusses her graduate studies at the University of Chicago focusing on poet Rita Dove, her attendance at Gwendolyn Brooks's funeral in 2000, and her ongoing work teaching African American literature and food studies at JMU, highlighting continuity between her student experiences and later pedagogy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Art Dean, Executive Director for Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on his 27-year career at the institution as both student and administrator. The interview documents his work in faculty and staff recruitment, development of diversity and inclusion initiatives, and efforts to create welcoming spaces for historically marginalized communities on campus. Discusses the evolution of campus diversity, the importance of mentorship, the formation of Black spaces at JMU, and his role on the President's Cabinet in advancing institutional commitments to access, inclusion, and intersectional understanding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Alyssa Elliott, a member of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., who discusses her experiences with the African American Divine Nine organizations at James Madison University. The interview documents her perspectives on differences between Panhellenic and historically Black Greek letter organizations, the role of the Center for Multicultural Student Services as a safe and affirming space, and ongoing challenges related to Greek housing, visibility, and institutional support for Black Greek organizations. Discusses her sorority's commitment \"to bridge the gap\" by building connections across communities and addresses broader questions of representation, inclusion, and campus climate for students of the global majority.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, founder of the Furious Flower Poetry Center and professor emerita of English at James Madison University, who recounts the origins and development of the center from the inaugural 1994 conference honoring Gwendolyn Brooks. The interview documents the planning and challenges involved in organizing the first academic conference dedicated to Black poetry, the transformation of Furious Flower from a single event into a permanent center, and the cultural significance of creating institutional space for Black literary voices at a predominantly white university. Discusses the importance of Black poetry in American literature and the resistance she encountered while establishing the center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords a follow-up interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, who expands on the broader impact and ongoing development of the Furious Flower Poetry Center at James Madison University. The interview documents the integration of Furious Flower materials into university curricula, changes in the center's physical location, and community outreach programs such as the Children's Creativity Camp and Slam Academy. Discusses international collaborations, the role of poetry in international studies, and her vision for the center's sustainability through endowment funding, advocating for continued recognition and support of Black literary arts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Harrisonburg resident Robert Lee Harper Jr., who reflects on relationships between the local Black community and James Madison University. The interview documents his early connection to JMU through construction work on campus buildings as a high school student in the late 1960s and his observations of changing town–gown dynamics over several decades. Discusses the history and demographics of the Northeast neighborhood, the significance of institutions such as the Lucy Simms School and local churches, and ongoing community partnerships, including the effects of university growth on housing, employment, and student volunteer engagement in the Black community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Karina Kline-Gabel, Assistant Dean for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in the College of Arts and Letters at James Madison University, who explores intersections between Latinx and Black spaces on campus. The interview documents her bilingual, bicultural background; advocacy for Latinx students and families in Harrisonburg; and leadership in founding the Madison Hispanic Caucus and advising the Latinx Student Alliance. Discusses collaborative efforts among cultural organizations, challenges of visibility and accessibility for multicultural spaces, the need for sustained institutional support, and opportunities for cross-cultural programming and shared understanding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Thomas Lavenir, Assistant Director of International Student and Scholar Services at James Madison University's Center for Global Engagement, who discusses international student experiences and recruitment. The interview documents his perspective as a former international student from France, challenges in recruiting students from Black-majority regions, and barriers posed by financial constraints and immigration policies. Discusses programs such as the Link initiative and the International Student Leadership Conference, efforts to connect international and domestic students, and institutional obstacles to increasing representation of students from African and Caribbean countries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Lawrence Marfo, who reflects on his academic journey, professional development, and experiences in Black spaces at James Madison University. The interview documents themes of identity, belonging, and institutional culture within the context of broader diversity and inclusion efforts at JMU. Discusses academic experiences, community engagement, and perspectives on creating inclusive environments and support systems for students of the global majority.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Jacob Mayiani, a data scientist with a master's degree in Integrated Science and Technology from James Madison University, who reflects on Black spaces and community on campus. The interview documents his personal background, educational trajectory, and involvement with campus organizations. Discusses questions of representation and cultural identity, the formation of supportive networks within a predominantly white institution, and the roles of student leadership and academic achievement in building community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with McKinley Melton, who discusses experiences related to Black spaces and cultural identity at James Madison University. The interview documents aspects of student life, academic pursuits, and participation in diversity initiatives, emphasizing the importance of mentorship and community building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Tim Miller, who shares his perspectives on Black spaces and institutional dynamics at James Madison University. The interview documents his professional role within the university community, experiences with diversity and inclusion work, and observations on the development of supportive environments for Black students and staff. Discusses leadership and mentorship practices, institutional challenges, and strategies for promoting equitable policies and cultures on campus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Chervon Moore, who reflects on Black spaces and community engagement at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in student organizations serving the Black community and examines the importance of historically Black Greek letter organizations for sisterhood, service, and leadership development. Discusses community outreach, student retention, and the role of culturally based organizations in supporting academic success.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Chervon Moore who recounts her experiences as a \"Double Duke\" and student affairs professional. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years, initial disappointment with limited visibility of the Black community, and subsequent engagement in organizations such as the Black Student Association, Contemporary Gospel Singers, and Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Discusses her transition from corporate consulting to student affairs work at JMU, shifts in leadership and diversity priorities over her five-year tenure, the location and visibility of the Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) within campus infrastructure, advising the Women of Color organization, and strategies for retention and coalition-building among students of color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Adebayo Ogundipe, who discusses his academic and personal experiences at James Madison University and the intersections between international student life and Black identity on campus. The interview documents his perspectives as a member of the campus community engaged with Black spaces and Africana studies, focusing on cultural identity, academic experiences, and community involvement. Discusses how international students from the African diaspora navigate predominantly white institutional settings, participate in academic programs and student organizations, and contribute to evolving conversations about Black identity and community at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, who discusses African and African American Studies at James Madison University from his perspective as a scholar and faculty leader. The interview documents the development of Africana Studies programs, interdisciplinary collaborations, and efforts to integrate African perspectives into higher education curricula. Discusses themes of cultural authenticity, academic rigor, and the challenges of establishing ethnic studies programs, including curriculum design, faculty recruitment, and strategies to engage students in Africana Studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with David Owusu-Ansah that continues his reflections on African Studies and its place within the academic landscape at James Madison University. The interview documents theoretical foundations of Africana Studies, arguments for decolonizing education, and the contributions of African-centered scholarship to contemporary social issues. Discusses research methodologies, community partnerships, and the global dimensions of African Studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, which includes an analysis of the evolution of African Studies education at James Madison University. The interview documents intersections between academic scholarship and social justice, emphasizing culturally relevant pedagogy and strategies for engaging students with African and African American history and culture. Discusses pedagogical innovation, student mentorship, and the development of critical consciousness through education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Darius Perkins, who reflects on his experiences within the James Madison University community with particular attention to Black spaces, student life, and campus culture. The interview documents his academic journey and involvement in programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies and related student organizations. Discusses community-building efforts, identity formation, and opportunities and challenges encountered by Black students at a predominantly white institution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Karen Risch-Mott, who discusses her work in multicultural education and efforts to develop inclusive teaching practices at James Madison University. The interview documents her support for diverse student populations through culturally responsive programming and collaboration with student support services. Discusses themes of educational equity, cultural competency, and the practical challenges of creating inclusive learning environments, including policy development, cross-cultural engagement, and strategies for fostering a campus climate that affirms students from a wide range of backgrounds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Olivia Stephens, who reflects on her academic journey and experiences as a Black student at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in campus organizations that support students of the global majority, her efforts to build community and find affirming spaces, and her engagement with diversity and inclusion initiatives. Discusses themes of identity, belonging, and leadership development at a predominantly white institution, including the importance of mentorship, peer networks, and culturally responsive programming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Diane L. Strawbridge, Executive Director for Student Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on her experiences as a JMU alumna, longtime Harrisonburg resident, and founder of the Centennial Scholars Program. The interview documents the development and evolution of Centennial Scholars from its first cohort in 2004, including early challenges in communicating the program's purpose, building structures for study hall and community service, and partnering with offices such as Community Service-Learning to support Pell-eligible students from across Virginia. Discusses themes of educational access, student development, and institutional responsibility for diversity and inclusion at a predominantly white institution, highlighting how Centennial Scholars provides a space for students to explore identity, build community, and \"take ownership\" of campus while also challenging assumptions about who the program serves. Additional topics include Strawbridge's own commuter student experience in the late 1970s and early 1980s, changing patterns of racial diversity at JMU over several decades, and the role of Black faculty and staff mentors in sustaining community for students of color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Wayne Teel, professor in the School of Integrated Science and Technology at James Madison University, who recounts his path from agroforestry work in Sudan, Kenya, and Mozambique to teaching environmental and geography courses at JMU. The interview documents his long-term engagement with African agriculture and ecology, including fieldwork on smallholder farming and Indigenous tree species, his scholarship on Kenyan sand dams and water access, and his role in developing and teaching a Geography of Africa course that contributes to the African, African American, and Diaspora (AAAD) Studies minor. Discusses themes of environmental and racial justice, global inequities in land and resource use, and the challenges of building connections between AAAD and science and engineering disciplines on a physically divided campus, emphasizing the importance of giving students experiential and place-based knowledge of Africa. Additional topics include his participation in Kenya-based study abroad programs, collaboration with colleagues and African partners, and the use of physical objects and visual materials to interpret African landscapes and water systems for JMU students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Linda Thomas, who reflects on her relationship to James Madison University and her perspectives on Black spaces and campus community. The interview documents her connection to the institution—as student, staff, faculty, and community member—and her reflections on the evolution of Black student life and institutional support for people of color. Discusses campus culture, student services, academic programs, and broader social conditions affecting students and community members of color, as well as ongoing efforts to more inclusive and supportive environments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Jordan Todd, who discusses his experiences and perspectives on Black spaces and student life at James Madison University. The interview documents his involvement in campus organizations, academic journey, and observations of campus climate for Black students. Discusses student activism, community building, leadership development, and academic success strategies, as well as efforts to address institutional challenges affecting students of color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the first session of an oral history interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who recounts her recruitment to Madison College in the mid-1970s and first impressions of Harrisonburg and the campus. The interview documents her first impressions of Harrisonburg, early meetings with colleagues in the History Department, and the mix of welcome and hostility she encountered. Discusses themes of racism, professional fit, campus climate, and intellectual community, emphasizing how supportive colleagues and a sense of intellectual community shaped her decision to build a career at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, who reflects on her family history in Burke County, Georgia, her parents' experiences during the Great Migration, and the central role of education for Black women in her family. The interview documents multigenerational strategies for securing schooling beyond the eighth grade, stories of landownership, racial violence, and economic displacement in the Jim Crow South, and the expectations that Walker and her siblings pursue professional careers in fields such as history, engineering, and computing. Discusses themes of race, gender, and education, linking southern Black rural life, migration to northern cities such as East Orange, New Jersey, and the shaping of her own academic trajectory, including her later work developing African American history courses and African, African American, and Diaspora Studies at James Madison University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the third part of an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who reflects on her tenure in the History Department and the factors that influenced her decision to remain at JMU. The interview documents her reflections on whether JMU was the right place for her, contrasting modest library resources with a strong sense of collegiality in the History Department, and considering job offers elsewhere, including an opportunity to direct a Black Studies program at another university. Discusses themes of academic culture, departmental community, and Black faculty retention, highlighting the importance of mutual respect among colleagues, acceptance of individuality, and protection from toxic departmental politics in enabling her to build a career, mentor students, and contribute to African American and African diaspora studies at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Pernell Whitfield, who reflects on his academic and personal journey within the James Madison University community and his perspectives on Black spaces, student life, and institutional culture. The interview documents his involvement in campus life where questions of racial identity, community formation, and institutional support systems intersect, including participation in student organizations, engagement with academic programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies, and use of campus services supporting students of the global majority. Discusses themes of belonging, leadership development, and mentorship, as well as strategies Black students employ to create and navigate supportive communities within a predominantly white institutional setting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Amanda Yankey, who reflects on Black identity and community at James Madison University. The interview documents her personal journey and academic achievements, and involvement in organizations supporting students of color. Discusses experiences of navigating a predominantly white institution, the importance of mentorship and peer support networks, and efforts to build inclusive communities and affirming spaces on campus. Additional topics include student leadership, community service, and the importance of mentorship and peer support networks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords a follow-up interview with Amanda Yankey, who offers additional reflections on her experiences navigating higher education as a Black woman at James Madison University. The interview documents her ongoing academic and personal development, participation in diversity initiatives, and observations on campus culture and institutional climate. Discusses themes of resilience and empowerment, the role of education in fostering social change, and the importance of representation and visibility for Black students in higher education.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains three classroom panel discussion sound recordings as well as forty-one oral history interviews with thirty-six narrators conducted during the Fall 2019  Black Studies and Black Spaces  course offered by the African, African American, and Diaspora Studies (AAAD) program. The interviews comprise a diverse group of narrators, including community members, faculty (current and former), students, administrators, staff, and alumni, reflecting on their experiences and perspectives related to Black studies and the creation of Black spaces within academic and community contexts.","The materials include 98 digital files comprising audio recordings (.wav), corresponding transcripts (.docx), and supporting documentation (.docx and .pdf). Oral history interviews with Joanne Gabbin, Chervon Moore, David Owusu-Ansah, Jacqueline Walker, and Amanda Yankey were conducted over multiple sessions.","The interviews explore themes such as the historical development of Black Studies as an academic discipline, its impact on institutional policies, the role of Black spaces in fostering identity and community, and the intersection of scholarship and activism. Topics include curriculum development, advocacy for interdisciplinary programs, student-led initiatives, and collaborations with local Black communities. Subthemes address cultural memory preservation, intersectionality (race, gender, and class), critiques of diversity frameworks in academia, and the challenges of sustaining inclusive spaces within predominantly white institutions.","This panel discussion documents the institutional history of JMU's AAAD Studies program through the perspectives of founding faculty members, covering several key themes. The founding of AAAD Studies traces its origins to 1980s student-led initiatives that called for Black-centered curricula, with Dr. Jacqueline Walker detailing her 1976 arrival at Madison College, where she developed early African American history courses. Dr. David Owusu-Ansah recounts the collaborative efforts across departments to secure federal grants for African Studies, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary partnerships with art history, political science, and English. Faculty also reflect on the pedagogical challenges of teaching Africana content to predominantly white student bodies; Dr. Steven Reich discusses his approach to dismantling racialized medical biases through historical analysis, while Dr. Melinda Adams highlights her use of African novels in political science courses to counter Eurocentric scholarship. Additionally, Dr. Walker and Dr. Owusu-Ansah analyze retention strategies for BIPOC faculty, noting that JMU has relied more on interpersonal networks than on structural reforms for support. The panel further critiques JMU's fraught relationship with Harrisonburg's Black communities, with Dr. Reich acknowledging the resistance to archiving local Black history.","This panel discussion features conversations among Black women scholars, educators, and institutional leaders about their experiences in academic environments. The panelists reflect on systemic challenges, professional achievements, and intersectional identities within higher education. Key themes include institutional barriers to advancement, strategies for mentorship and community building, and the impact of race and gender on teaching practices. The discussion covers topics such as tenure processes, interdisciplinary collaboration, and navigating visibility in predominantly white academic institutions. The panelists offer critical insights into the sociopolitical dynamics of academia during the late 20th century. Additionally, the recording includes audience  questions related to policy reform and solidarity frameworks. While there is minor background noise, the audio remains clear throughout. This material serves as a primary resource for scholars investigating the historiography of Black feminist thought, institutional equity movements, and oral history methodologies aimed at preserving underrepresented voices.","This panel discussion explores the history and significance of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) at James Madison University. The discussion lifts up BGLOs' roles as cultural affirmations and service leadership engines and addresses challenges within JMU's diversity landscape. BGLOs arose in the early 20th century in response to racial exclusion. Dr. Joanne Gabbin notes the founding of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. in 1908 at Howard University, focused on combating poverty. Alexander Gabbin traces Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc.'s founding in 1911, emphasizing its commitment to academic survival amid racial hostility. Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., founded in 1922, began under KKK influence, underscoring the need for community service. Panelists distinguish BGLOs from predominantly white Greek organizations, noting their legal commitment to community uplift. Esther Nizer illustrates Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.'s activism during the 1913 Women's Suffrage March. Panelists share transformative personal journeys shaped by BGLOs, such as Alexander Gabbin, who gained leadership skills through Kappa Alpha Psi, and Chervon Moore, who found mentorship in Sigma Gamma Rho. BGLOs have significantly influenced JMU's diversity, with alumni taking on leadership roles across campus. Despite their legacy, BGLOs face declining visibility and membership due to reduced Black student enrollment and resource disparities. Esther Nizer mentions alumnae initiatives aimed at fostering connections and a need for greater university support. Panelists discuss the tension between tradition and the evolving views of students regarding BGLOs. The alumni networks of BGLOs play a critical role in retention and support. Dr. Joanne Gabbin shares her long-term mentorship with JMU's Alpha Kappa Alpha chapter. Esther Nizer discusses how her alumni chapter focused on scholarships and legislative advocacy, exemplifying BGLOs as lifelong commitments.","Records an interview with Ireti Akinola, a Black Nigerian American recruitment specialist at James Madison University, who recounts her work recruiting faculty and staff across units including the Office of the President, Student Affairs, and Access and Enrollment Management. The interview documents her navigation of intersecting identities as a Black woman of Nigerian descent, the challenges of advancing institutional diversity initiatives, and her trajectory from JMU alumna to human resources professional. Discusses broader questions of representation, cultural belonging, and the experience of working within a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Lauren K. Alleyne, Executive Director of the  Furious Flower Poetry Center  (FFPC) at James Madison University, who describes the center's operations, programming, and significance as the first academic center dedicated to Black poetry in the United States. The interview documents her responsibilities as editor-in-chief of the online journal \"The Fight and The Fiddle,\" including fundraising, grant writing, and planning seminars, reading series, and other public programs. Discusses major events such as the \"Throw Your Head Back \u0026 Sing\" tribute to Maya Angelou and the Furious Flower 25th anniversary celebration; community engagement initiatives including children's summer arts camps, school visits, and regional collaborations; and institutional challenges related to budget, staffing, space, and campus visibility. Addresses the center's national and international profile, its relationship to JMU and the Harrisonburg community, and tensions between local recognition and national prominence in promoting Black poetry.","Records an interview with Mecca Baker, who reflects on her experiences as a transfer student at James Madison University and her leadership in Black student organizations at a predominantly white institution. The interview documents her search for community, increasing involvement in the Black Student Alliance (BSA), and progression from Parliamentarian and Treasurer to President. Discusses efforts to revitalize BSA from a small, declining organization with limited institutional memory into a more visible, active group; initiatives to redesign the logo, expand programming, and preserve organizational records through donation to Special Collections; and the broader context of Black student life at JMU in the mid to late 2010s. Additional topics include campus protests and marches addressing racial issues, attempts to bridge divides between Greek and non-Greek Black students through events such as \"To Greek or Not to Greek,\" participation in Esteem Models, and evolving conversations about mental health and sexuality within the Black community.","Records an interview with Rebeca Barge, an immigrant from Central America and long-time Harrisonburg resident, who reflects on community engagement, diversity, and relationships between James Madison University and the city of Harrisonburg. The interview documents her work at the Harrisonburg City Public Schools Welcome Center assisting Latin American families with access to local resources and her subsequent role at JMU's Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) supporting student organizations and diversity initiatives. Discusses her former position as Program Director at Big Brothers Big Sisters coordinating mentoring programs with JMU students and considers how these roles connect campus communities, local schools, and families in Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.","Records an interview with Daniel Beers, Associate Professor in the Department of Justice Studies at James Madison University, who recounts his humanitarian work and academic career with a focus on Haiti. The interview documents the founding and development of Resources to Resources, a nonprofit organization supporting community-driven development projects, and his efforts to involve students in international humanitarian work through cultural programming and experiential learning. Discusses critical perspectives on traditional humanitarian aid, ethical research practices in Haiti, fundraising concerts, challenges of scaling community-based initiatives and countering poverty narratives, and the intersections between academic research and community service in international development contexts.","Records an interview with Tiffany Brutus, Assistant Director of Student-Athlete Services at James Madison University and JMU alumna, who reflects on her experiences as a student-athlete and administrator. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years as a track and field athlete from Ann Arbor, Michigan, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in Health Sciences in 2004 and 2006, and her engagement with the Center for Multicultural Student Services and the Black student community. Discusses her accomplishments as a four-time CAA Conference Champion, transition from student-athlete to graduate assistant in Student Athlete Services, and subsequent professional role supporting student-athletes. Additional topics include her service with the Black Alumni Chapter as Secretary, challenges in fostering Black alumni engagement, and observations on changes in Black student experiences at JMU from the 1980s through the 2000s.","Records an interview with Cannie Campbell, Associate Vice President for Constituent Engagement, and Carrie Combs, Director of Alumni Relations and Executive Director of the JMU Alumni Association, who discuss their experiences as James Madison University alumni and advancement professionals. The interview, conducted at Sonner Hall, documents Campbell's transfer to JMU in 1995, completion of a B.S. in Health Sciences, and progression from positions in the Health Center and Student Affairs to University Advancement, as well as Combs's move from Southern California in 2003, degrees in Technical and Scientific Communication, and work in the private sector before returning to JMU. Discusses their institutional support and liaison roles with the Black Alumni Chapter, founded by Deborah Johnson in the 1980s, partnerships with the Office of Diversity, Access, and Inclusion and the Center for Multicultural Student Services, and gaps in institutional historical knowledge about Black alumni organizing.","Records an interview with Erica Cavanagh, James Madison University faculty member and alumna, who reflects on her undergraduate years from 1993 to 1996 and later academic and teaching career. The interview documents her B.A. in English and Art History, participation in Dr. Joanne Gabbin's African American Poetry course during the inaugural Furious Flower Poetry Conference in 1994, and the course's emphasis on the Black Aesthetic, including jazz, blues, spirituals, biblical allusions, and vernacular traditions. Discusses her graduate studies at the University of Chicago focusing on poet Rita Dove, her attendance at Gwendolyn Brooks's funeral in 2000, and her ongoing work teaching African American literature and food studies at JMU, highlighting continuity between her student experiences and later pedagogy.","Records an interview with Art Dean, Executive Director for Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on his 27-year career at the institution as both student and administrator. The interview documents his work in faculty and staff recruitment, development of diversity and inclusion initiatives, and efforts to create welcoming spaces for historically marginalized communities on campus. Discusses the evolution of campus diversity, the importance of mentorship, the formation of Black spaces at JMU, and his role on the President's Cabinet in advancing institutional commitments to access, inclusion, and intersectional understanding.","Records an interview with Alyssa Elliott, a member of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., who discusses her experiences with the African American Divine Nine organizations at James Madison University. The interview documents her perspectives on differences between Panhellenic and historically Black Greek letter organizations, the role of the Center for Multicultural Student Services as a safe and affirming space, and ongoing challenges related to Greek housing, visibility, and institutional support for Black Greek organizations. Discusses her sorority's commitment \"to bridge the gap\" by building connections across communities and addresses broader questions of representation, inclusion, and campus climate for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, founder of the Furious Flower Poetry Center and professor emerita of English at James Madison University, who recounts the origins and development of the center from the inaugural 1994 conference honoring Gwendolyn Brooks. The interview documents the planning and challenges involved in organizing the first academic conference dedicated to Black poetry, the transformation of Furious Flower from a single event into a permanent center, and the cultural significance of creating institutional space for Black literary voices at a predominantly white university. Discusses the importance of Black poetry in American literature and the resistance she encountered while establishing the center.","Records a follow-up interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, who expands on the broader impact and ongoing development of the Furious Flower Poetry Center at James Madison University. The interview documents the integration of Furious Flower materials into university curricula, changes in the center's physical location, and community outreach programs such as the Children's Creativity Camp and Slam Academy. Discusses international collaborations, the role of poetry in international studies, and her vision for the center's sustainability through endowment funding, advocating for continued recognition and support of Black literary arts.","Records an interview with Harrisonburg resident Robert Lee Harper Jr., who reflects on relationships between the local Black community and James Madison University. The interview documents his early connection to JMU through construction work on campus buildings as a high school student in the late 1960s and his observations of changing town–gown dynamics over several decades. Discusses the history and demographics of the Northeast neighborhood, the significance of institutions such as the Lucy Simms School and local churches, and ongoing community partnerships, including the effects of university growth on housing, employment, and student volunteer engagement in the Black community.","Records an interview with Karina Kline-Gabel, Assistant Dean for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in the College of Arts and Letters at James Madison University, who explores intersections between Latinx and Black spaces on campus. The interview documents her bilingual, bicultural background; advocacy for Latinx students and families in Harrisonburg; and leadership in founding the Madison Hispanic Caucus and advising the Latinx Student Alliance. Discusses collaborative efforts among cultural organizations, challenges of visibility and accessibility for multicultural spaces, the need for sustained institutional support, and opportunities for cross-cultural programming and shared understanding.","Records an interview with Thomas Lavenir, Assistant Director of International Student and Scholar Services at James Madison University's Center for Global Engagement, who discusses international student experiences and recruitment. The interview documents his perspective as a former international student from France, challenges in recruiting students from Black-majority regions, and barriers posed by financial constraints and immigration policies. Discusses programs such as the Link initiative and the International Student Leadership Conference, efforts to connect international and domestic students, and institutional obstacles to increasing representation of students from African and Caribbean countries.","Records an interview with Lawrence Marfo, who reflects on his academic journey, professional development, and experiences in Black spaces at James Madison University. The interview documents themes of identity, belonging, and institutional culture within the context of broader diversity and inclusion efforts at JMU. Discusses academic experiences, community engagement, and perspectives on creating inclusive environments and support systems for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Jacob Mayiani, a data scientist with a master's degree in Integrated Science and Technology from James Madison University, who reflects on Black spaces and community on campus. The interview documents his personal background, educational trajectory, and involvement with campus organizations. Discusses questions of representation and cultural identity, the formation of supportive networks within a predominantly white institution, and the roles of student leadership and academic achievement in building community.","Records an interview with McKinley Melton, who discusses experiences related to Black spaces and cultural identity at James Madison University. The interview documents aspects of student life, academic pursuits, and participation in diversity initiatives, emphasizing the importance of mentorship and community building.","Records an interview with Tim Miller, who shares his perspectives on Black spaces and institutional dynamics at James Madison University. The interview documents his professional role within the university community, experiences with diversity and inclusion work, and observations on the development of supportive environments for Black students and staff. Discusses leadership and mentorship practices, institutional challenges, and strategies for promoting equitable policies and cultures on campus.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore, who reflects on Black spaces and community engagement at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in student organizations serving the Black community and examines the importance of historically Black Greek letter organizations for sisterhood, service, and leadership development. Discusses community outreach, student retention, and the role of culturally based organizations in supporting academic success.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore who recounts her experiences as a \"Double Duke\" and student affairs professional. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years, initial disappointment with limited visibility of the Black community, and subsequent engagement in organizations such as the Black Student Association, Contemporary Gospel Singers, and Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Discusses her transition from corporate consulting to student affairs work at JMU, shifts in leadership and diversity priorities over her five-year tenure, the location and visibility of the Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) within campus infrastructure, advising the Women of Color organization, and strategies for retention and coalition-building among students of color.","Records an interview with Adebayo Ogundipe, who discusses his academic and personal experiences at James Madison University and the intersections between international student life and Black identity on campus. The interview documents his perspectives as a member of the campus community engaged with Black spaces and Africana studies, focusing on cultural identity, academic experiences, and community involvement. Discusses how international students from the African diaspora navigate predominantly white institutional settings, participate in academic programs and student organizations, and contribute to evolving conversations about Black identity and community at JMU.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, who discusses African and African American Studies at James Madison University from his perspective as a scholar and faculty leader. The interview documents the development of Africana Studies programs, interdisciplinary collaborations, and efforts to integrate African perspectives into higher education curricula. Discusses themes of cultural authenticity, academic rigor, and the challenges of establishing ethnic studies programs, including curriculum design, faculty recruitment, and strategies to engage students in Africana Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah that continues his reflections on African Studies and its place within the academic landscape at James Madison University. The interview documents theoretical foundations of Africana Studies, arguments for decolonizing education, and the contributions of African-centered scholarship to contemporary social issues. Discusses research methodologies, community partnerships, and the global dimensions of African Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, which includes an analysis of the evolution of African Studies education at James Madison University. The interview documents intersections between academic scholarship and social justice, emphasizing culturally relevant pedagogy and strategies for engaging students with African and African American history and culture. Discusses pedagogical innovation, student mentorship, and the development of critical consciousness through education.","Records an interview with Darius Perkins, who reflects on his experiences within the James Madison University community with particular attention to Black spaces, student life, and campus culture. The interview documents his academic journey and involvement in programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies and related student organizations. Discusses community-building efforts, identity formation, and opportunities and challenges encountered by Black students at a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Karen Risch-Mott, who discusses her work in multicultural education and efforts to develop inclusive teaching practices at James Madison University. The interview documents her support for diverse student populations through culturally responsive programming and collaboration with student support services. Discusses themes of educational equity, cultural competency, and the practical challenges of creating inclusive learning environments, including policy development, cross-cultural engagement, and strategies for fostering a campus climate that affirms students from a wide range of backgrounds.","Records an interview with Olivia Stephens, who reflects on her academic journey and experiences as a Black student at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in campus organizations that support students of the global majority, her efforts to build community and find affirming spaces, and her engagement with diversity and inclusion initiatives. Discusses themes of identity, belonging, and leadership development at a predominantly white institution, including the importance of mentorship, peer networks, and culturally responsive programming.","Records an interview with Diane L. Strawbridge, Executive Director for Student Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on her experiences as a JMU alumna, longtime Harrisonburg resident, and founder of the Centennial Scholars Program. The interview documents the development and evolution of Centennial Scholars from its first cohort in 2004, including early challenges in communicating the program's purpose, building structures for study hall and community service, and partnering with offices such as Community Service-Learning to support Pell-eligible students from across Virginia. Discusses themes of educational access, student development, and institutional responsibility for diversity and inclusion at a predominantly white institution, highlighting how Centennial Scholars provides a space for students to explore identity, build community, and \"take ownership\" of campus while also challenging assumptions about who the program serves. Additional topics include Strawbridge's own commuter student experience in the late 1970s and early 1980s, changing patterns of racial diversity at JMU over several decades, and the role of Black faculty and staff mentors in sustaining community for students of color.","Records an interview with Wayne Teel, professor in the School of Integrated Science and Technology at James Madison University, who recounts his path from agroforestry work in Sudan, Kenya, and Mozambique to teaching environmental and geography courses at JMU. The interview documents his long-term engagement with African agriculture and ecology, including fieldwork on smallholder farming and Indigenous tree species, his scholarship on Kenyan sand dams and water access, and his role in developing and teaching a Geography of Africa course that contributes to the African, African American, and Diaspora (AAAD) Studies minor. Discusses themes of environmental and racial justice, global inequities in land and resource use, and the challenges of building connections between AAAD and science and engineering disciplines on a physically divided campus, emphasizing the importance of giving students experiential and place-based knowledge of Africa. Additional topics include his participation in Kenya-based study abroad programs, collaboration with colleagues and African partners, and the use of physical objects and visual materials to interpret African landscapes and water systems for JMU students.","Records an interview with Linda Thomas, who reflects on her relationship to James Madison University and her perspectives on Black spaces and campus community. The interview documents her connection to the institution—as student, staff, faculty, and community member—and her reflections on the evolution of Black student life and institutional support for people of color. Discusses campus culture, student services, academic programs, and broader social conditions affecting students and community members of color, as well as ongoing efforts to more inclusive and supportive environments.","Records an interview with Jordan Todd, who discusses his experiences and perspectives on Black spaces and student life at James Madison University. The interview documents his involvement in campus organizations, academic journey, and observations of campus climate for Black students. Discusses student activism, community building, leadership development, and academic success strategies, as well as efforts to address institutional challenges affecting students of color.","Records the first session of an oral history interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who recounts her recruitment to Madison College in the mid-1970s and first impressions of Harrisonburg and the campus. The interview documents her first impressions of Harrisonburg, early meetings with colleagues in the History Department, and the mix of welcome and hostility she encountered. Discusses themes of racism, professional fit, campus climate, and intellectual community, emphasizing how supportive colleagues and a sense of intellectual community shaped her decision to build a career at JMU.","Records an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, who reflects on her family history in Burke County, Georgia, her parents' experiences during the Great Migration, and the central role of education for Black women in her family. The interview documents multigenerational strategies for securing schooling beyond the eighth grade, stories of landownership, racial violence, and economic displacement in the Jim Crow South, and the expectations that Walker and her siblings pursue professional careers in fields such as history, engineering, and computing. Discusses themes of race, gender, and education, linking southern Black rural life, migration to northern cities such as East Orange, New Jersey, and the shaping of her own academic trajectory, including her later work developing African American history courses and African, African American, and Diaspora Studies at James Madison University.","Records the third part of an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who reflects on her tenure in the History Department and the factors that influenced her decision to remain at JMU. The interview documents her reflections on whether JMU was the right place for her, contrasting modest library resources with a strong sense of collegiality in the History Department, and considering job offers elsewhere, including an opportunity to direct a Black Studies program at another university. Discusses themes of academic culture, departmental community, and Black faculty retention, highlighting the importance of mutual respect among colleagues, acceptance of individuality, and protection from toxic departmental politics in enabling her to build a career, mentor students, and contribute to African American and African diaspora studies at JMU.","Records an interview with Pernell Whitfield, who reflects on his academic and personal journey within the James Madison University community and his perspectives on Black spaces, student life, and institutional culture. The interview documents his involvement in campus life where questions of racial identity, community formation, and institutional support systems intersect, including participation in student organizations, engagement with academic programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies, and use of campus services supporting students of the global majority. Discusses themes of belonging, leadership development, and mentorship, as well as strategies Black students employ to create and navigate supportive communities within a predominantly white institutional setting.","Records an interview with Amanda Yankey, who reflects on Black identity and community at James Madison University. The interview documents her personal journey and academic achievements, and involvement in organizations supporting students of color. Discusses experiences of navigating a predominantly white institution, the importance of mentorship and peer support networks, and efforts to build inclusive communities and affirming spaces on campus. Additional topics include student leadership, community service, and the importance of mentorship and peer support networks.","Records a follow-up interview with Amanda Yankey, who offers additional reflections on her experiences navigating higher education as a Black woman at James Madison University. The interview documents her ongoing academic and personal development, participation in diversity initiatives, and observations on campus culture and institutional climate. Discusses themes of resilience and empowerment, the role of education in fostering social change, and the importance of representation and visibility for Black students in higher education."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Poetry Center","Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Owusu-Ansah, David (19520801)","Reich, Steven A. (Steven Andrew), 1965-","Adams, Melinda, (Political science teacher)","Porter, Rob","Bishop, Kayleigh","Adkins, Ant","Moore, Chervon","Black, Iona","Bryson, B. J., Dr. (Brenda Jean)","Akinola, Ireti","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Medeiros, Megan","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Colbert, Qyaira","Chang, Angelina Ingrassia","Nemergut, Margaret","Baker, Mecca","Williams, Ashleigh","Snyder, Hannah","Barge, Rebeca","Pineda-Hernandez, Michelle","Crosby, Tessa","Beers, Daniel J.","Kifle , Mistire","Brutus, Tiffany","Jones, Norman","Haupt, Amy","Campbell, Cannie","Combs, Carrie","Cavanagh, Erica","Dean, Art","Parker, Mone'","Shafik, Marina","Elliott, Alyssa","Hairston, TaLisha","Conrades, Jenna","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Harper, Robert Lee, Jr.","Law, Spencer","Kline-Gabel, Karina","Marsh, Madeline","Lavenir, Thomas","Marfo, Lawrence","Mayiani, Jacob","Melton, McKinley","Miller, Timothy","Ogundipe, Adebayo","Penaranda, Nico","Harris, Illiana ","Perkins, Darius","Mott, Karen E. Risch","Stephens, Olivia","Strawbridge, Diane","Teel, Wayne","Thomas, Daphyne Saunders","Heyward, Zaria","Thomas, Linda","Todd, Jordan","Whitfield, Pernell","Yankey, Amanda"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Poetry Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"persname_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Owusu-Ansah, David (19520801)","Reich, Steven A. (Steven Andrew), 1965-","Adams, Melinda, (Political science teacher)","Porter, Rob","Bishop, Kayleigh","Adkins, Ant","Moore, Chervon","Black, Iona","Bryson, B. J., Dr. (Brenda Jean)","Akinola, Ireti","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Medeiros, Megan","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Colbert, Qyaira","Chang, Angelina Ingrassia","Nemergut, Margaret","Baker, Mecca","Williams, Ashleigh","Snyder, Hannah","Barge, Rebeca","Pineda-Hernandez, Michelle","Crosby, Tessa","Beers, Daniel J.","Kifle , Mistire","Brutus, Tiffany","Jones, Norman","Haupt, Amy","Campbell, Cannie","Combs, Carrie","Cavanagh, Erica","Dean, Art","Parker, Mone'","Shafik, Marina","Elliott, Alyssa","Hairston, TaLisha","Conrades, Jenna","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Harper, Robert Lee, Jr.","Law, Spencer","Kline-Gabel, Karina","Marsh, Madeline","Lavenir, Thomas","Marfo, Lawrence","Mayiani, Jacob","Melton, McKinley","Miller, Timothy","Ogundipe, Adebayo","Penaranda, Nico","Harris, Illiana ","Perkins, Darius","Mott, Karen E. Risch","Stephens, Olivia","Strawbridge, Diane","Teel, Wayne","Thomas, Daphyne Saunders","Heyward, Zaria","Thomas, Linda","Todd, Jordan","Whitfield, Pernell","Yankey, Amanda"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":49,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-11T20:05:25.504Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c30"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c11","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Japanese Red Army","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c11","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c11"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c11","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements"],"text":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements","Japanese Red Army","Nihon Sekigun","Nihon Sekigun"],"title_filing_ssi":"Japanese Red Army","title_ssm":["Japanese Red Army"],"title_tesim":["Japanese Red Army"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1978-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1978/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Japanese Red Army"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":3,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":88,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"names_ssim":["Nihon Sekigun","Nihon Sekigun"],"corpname_ssim":["Nihon Sekigun"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:14.908Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_761.xml","title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"text":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761","Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. ","The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014 Teaching and scholarship Ephemera and objects","Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote  Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations , co-edited  European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow , and wrote two volumes of  Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response .","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. ","This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.","Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out.","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","English \n,        German \n,        French \n,        Spanish; Castilian \n,        Greek, Modern (1453-) \n,        Arabic \n,        Italian \n,        Armenian \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creators_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections in multiple accretions between 2015 and 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOnly select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. \u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eExtremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and scholarship\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and objects\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014 Teaching and scholarship Ephemera and objects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStarting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEurope's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations\u003c/emph\u003e, co-edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEuropean Terrorism: Today \u0026amp; Tomorrow\u003c/emph\u003e, and wrote two volumes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAnti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote  Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations , co-edited  European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow , and wrote two volumes of  Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response .","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePost-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll matches have been burned out.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBowman Miller's Language Study\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTerrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabel on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDonor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9f386e50bbf17c5694f336da534cb182\"\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n,        French \n,        Spanish; Castilian \n,        Greek, Modern (1453-) \n,        Arabic \n,        Italian \n,        Armenian \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":285,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:14.908Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c11"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c11","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Joanne Gabbin","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c11","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c11"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c11","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories","Oral History Interviews"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories","Oral History Interviews"],"text":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories","Oral History Interviews","Joanne Gabbin","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Colbert, Qyaira","Nemergut, Margaret","Kifle , Mistire","Chang, Angelina Ingrassia"],"title_filing_ssi":"Joanne Gabbin","title_ssm":["Joanne Gabbin"],"title_tesim":["Joanne Gabbin"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Joanne Gabbin"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":16,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information."],"names_ssim":["Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Colbert, Qyaira","Nemergut, Margaret","Kifle , Mistire","Chang, Angelina Ingrassia"],"persname_ssim":["Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Colbert, Qyaira","Nemergut, Margaret","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Colbert, Qyaira","Kifle , Mistire","Chang, Angelina Ingrassia","Nemergut, Margaret"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#10","timestamp":"2026-06-11T20:05:25.504Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_779","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_779.xml","title_ssm":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"title_tesim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"unitdate_ssm":["2019"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SdArch.0046","/repositories/4/resources/779"],"text":["SdArch.0046","/repositories/4/resources/779","Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories","oral histories (literary works)","This collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews.","The collection is divided into two series. The oral histories are arranged alphabetically by surname of interviewee.","Classroom Panel Discussion Sound Recordings, 2019 Oral History Interviews, 2019","This collection contains three classroom panel discussion sound recordings as well as forty-one oral history interviews with thirty-six narrators conducted during the Fall 2019  Black Studies and Black Spaces  course offered by the African, African American, and Diaspora Studies (AAAD) program. The interviews comprise a diverse group of narrators, including community members, faculty (current and former), students, administrators, staff, and alumni, reflecting on their experiences and perspectives related to Black studies and the creation of Black spaces within academic and community contexts.","The materials include 98 digital files comprising audio recordings (.wav), corresponding transcripts (.docx), and supporting documentation (.docx and .pdf). Oral history interviews with Joanne Gabbin, Chervon Moore, David Owusu-Ansah, Jacqueline Walker, and Amanda Yankey were conducted over multiple sessions.","The interviews explore themes such as the historical development of Black Studies as an academic discipline, its impact on institutional policies, the role of Black spaces in fostering identity and community, and the intersection of scholarship and activism. Topics include curriculum development, advocacy for interdisciplinary programs, student-led initiatives, and collaborations with local Black communities. Subthemes address cultural memory preservation, intersectionality (race, gender, and class), critiques of diversity frameworks in academia, and the challenges of sustaining inclusive spaces within predominantly white institutions.","This panel discussion documents the institutional history of JMU's AAAD Studies program through the perspectives of founding faculty members, covering several key themes. The founding of AAAD Studies traces its origins to 1980s student-led initiatives that called for Black-centered curricula, with Dr. Jacqueline Walker detailing her 1976 arrival at Madison College, where she developed early African American history courses. Dr. David Owusu-Ansah recounts the collaborative efforts across departments to secure federal grants for African Studies, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary partnerships with art history, political science, and English. Faculty also reflect on the pedagogical challenges of teaching Africana content to predominantly white student bodies; Dr. Steven Reich discusses his approach to dismantling racialized medical biases through historical analysis, while Dr. Melinda Adams highlights her use of African novels in political science courses to counter Eurocentric scholarship. Additionally, Dr. Walker and Dr. Owusu-Ansah analyze retention strategies for BIPOC faculty, noting that JMU has relied more on interpersonal networks than on structural reforms for support. The panel further critiques JMU's fraught relationship with Harrisonburg's Black communities, with Dr. Reich acknowledging the resistance to archiving local Black history.","This panel discussion features conversations among Black women scholars, educators, and institutional leaders about their experiences in academic environments. The panelists reflect on systemic challenges, professional achievements, and intersectional identities within higher education. Key themes include institutional barriers to advancement, strategies for mentorship and community building, and the impact of race and gender on teaching practices. The discussion covers topics such as tenure processes, interdisciplinary collaboration, and navigating visibility in predominantly white academic institutions. The panelists offer critical insights into the sociopolitical dynamics of academia during the late 20th century. Additionally, the recording includes audience  questions related to policy reform and solidarity frameworks. While there is minor background noise, the audio remains clear throughout. This material serves as a primary resource for scholars investigating the historiography of Black feminist thought, institutional equity movements, and oral history methodologies aimed at preserving underrepresented voices.","This panel discussion explores the history and significance of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) at James Madison University. The discussion lifts up BGLOs' roles as cultural affirmations and service leadership engines and addresses challenges within JMU's diversity landscape. BGLOs arose in the early 20th century in response to racial exclusion. Dr. Joanne Gabbin notes the founding of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. in 1908 at Howard University, focused on combating poverty. Alexander Gabbin traces Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc.'s founding in 1911, emphasizing its commitment to academic survival amid racial hostility. Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., founded in 1922, began under KKK influence, underscoring the need for community service. Panelists distinguish BGLOs from predominantly white Greek organizations, noting their legal commitment to community uplift. Esther Nizer illustrates Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.'s activism during the 1913 Women's Suffrage March. Panelists share transformative personal journeys shaped by BGLOs, such as Alexander Gabbin, who gained leadership skills through Kappa Alpha Psi, and Chervon Moore, who found mentorship in Sigma Gamma Rho. BGLOs have significantly influenced JMU's diversity, with alumni taking on leadership roles across campus. Despite their legacy, BGLOs face declining visibility and membership due to reduced Black student enrollment and resource disparities. Esther Nizer mentions alumnae initiatives aimed at fostering connections and a need for greater university support. Panelists discuss the tension between tradition and the evolving views of students regarding BGLOs. The alumni networks of BGLOs play a critical role in retention and support. Dr. Joanne Gabbin shares her long-term mentorship with JMU's Alpha Kappa Alpha chapter. Esther Nizer discusses how her alumni chapter focused on scholarships and legislative advocacy, exemplifying BGLOs as lifelong commitments.","Records an interview with Ireti Akinola, a Black Nigerian American recruitment specialist at James Madison University, who recounts her work recruiting faculty and staff across units including the Office of the President, Student Affairs, and Access and Enrollment Management. The interview documents her navigation of intersecting identities as a Black woman of Nigerian descent, the challenges of advancing institutional diversity initiatives, and her trajectory from JMU alumna to human resources professional. Discusses broader questions of representation, cultural belonging, and the experience of working within a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Lauren K. Alleyne, Executive Director of the  Furious Flower Poetry Center  (FFPC) at James Madison University, who describes the center's operations, programming, and significance as the first academic center dedicated to Black poetry in the United States. The interview documents her responsibilities as editor-in-chief of the online journal \"The Fight and The Fiddle,\" including fundraising, grant writing, and planning seminars, reading series, and other public programs. Discusses major events such as the \"Throw Your Head Back \u0026 Sing\" tribute to Maya Angelou and the Furious Flower 25th anniversary celebration; community engagement initiatives including children's summer arts camps, school visits, and regional collaborations; and institutional challenges related to budget, staffing, space, and campus visibility. Addresses the center's national and international profile, its relationship to JMU and the Harrisonburg community, and tensions between local recognition and national prominence in promoting Black poetry.","Records an interview with Mecca Baker, who reflects on her experiences as a transfer student at James Madison University and her leadership in Black student organizations at a predominantly white institution. The interview documents her search for community, increasing involvement in the Black Student Alliance (BSA), and progression from Parliamentarian and Treasurer to President. Discusses efforts to revitalize BSA from a small, declining organization with limited institutional memory into a more visible, active group; initiatives to redesign the logo, expand programming, and preserve organizational records through donation to Special Collections; and the broader context of Black student life at JMU in the mid to late 2010s. Additional topics include campus protests and marches addressing racial issues, attempts to bridge divides between Greek and non-Greek Black students through events such as \"To Greek or Not to Greek,\" participation in Esteem Models, and evolving conversations about mental health and sexuality within the Black community.","Records an interview with Rebeca Barge, an immigrant from Central America and long-time Harrisonburg resident, who reflects on community engagement, diversity, and relationships between James Madison University and the city of Harrisonburg. The interview documents her work at the Harrisonburg City Public Schools Welcome Center assisting Latin American families with access to local resources and her subsequent role at JMU's Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) supporting student organizations and diversity initiatives. Discusses her former position as Program Director at Big Brothers Big Sisters coordinating mentoring programs with JMU students and considers how these roles connect campus communities, local schools, and families in Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.","Records an interview with Daniel Beers, Associate Professor in the Department of Justice Studies at James Madison University, who recounts his humanitarian work and academic career with a focus on Haiti. The interview documents the founding and development of Resources to Resources, a nonprofit organization supporting community-driven development projects, and his efforts to involve students in international humanitarian work through cultural programming and experiential learning. Discusses critical perspectives on traditional humanitarian aid, ethical research practices in Haiti, fundraising concerts, challenges of scaling community-based initiatives and countering poverty narratives, and the intersections between academic research and community service in international development contexts.","Records an interview with Tiffany Brutus, Assistant Director of Student-Athlete Services at James Madison University and JMU alumna, who reflects on her experiences as a student-athlete and administrator. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years as a track and field athlete from Ann Arbor, Michigan, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in Health Sciences in 2004 and 2006, and her engagement with the Center for Multicultural Student Services and the Black student community. Discusses her accomplishments as a four-time CAA Conference Champion, transition from student-athlete to graduate assistant in Student Athlete Services, and subsequent professional role supporting student-athletes. Additional topics include her service with the Black Alumni Chapter as Secretary, challenges in fostering Black alumni engagement, and observations on changes in Black student experiences at JMU from the 1980s through the 2000s.","Records an interview with Cannie Campbell, Associate Vice President for Constituent Engagement, and Carrie Combs, Director of Alumni Relations and Executive Director of the JMU Alumni Association, who discuss their experiences as James Madison University alumni and advancement professionals. The interview, conducted at Sonner Hall, documents Campbell's transfer to JMU in 1995, completion of a B.S. in Health Sciences, and progression from positions in the Health Center and Student Affairs to University Advancement, as well as Combs's move from Southern California in 2003, degrees in Technical and Scientific Communication, and work in the private sector before returning to JMU. Discusses their institutional support and liaison roles with the Black Alumni Chapter, founded by Deborah Johnson in the 1980s, partnerships with the Office of Diversity, Access, and Inclusion and the Center for Multicultural Student Services, and gaps in institutional historical knowledge about Black alumni organizing.","Records an interview with Erica Cavanagh, James Madison University faculty member and alumna, who reflects on her undergraduate years from 1993 to 1996 and later academic and teaching career. The interview documents her B.A. in English and Art History, participation in Dr. Joanne Gabbin's African American Poetry course during the inaugural Furious Flower Poetry Conference in 1994, and the course's emphasis on the Black Aesthetic, including jazz, blues, spirituals, biblical allusions, and vernacular traditions. Discusses her graduate studies at the University of Chicago focusing on poet Rita Dove, her attendance at Gwendolyn Brooks's funeral in 2000, and her ongoing work teaching African American literature and food studies at JMU, highlighting continuity between her student experiences and later pedagogy.","Records an interview with Art Dean, Executive Director for Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on his 27-year career at the institution as both student and administrator. The interview documents his work in faculty and staff recruitment, development of diversity and inclusion initiatives, and efforts to create welcoming spaces for historically marginalized communities on campus. Discusses the evolution of campus diversity, the importance of mentorship, the formation of Black spaces at JMU, and his role on the President's Cabinet in advancing institutional commitments to access, inclusion, and intersectional understanding.","Records an interview with Alyssa Elliott, a member of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., who discusses her experiences with the African American Divine Nine organizations at James Madison University. The interview documents her perspectives on differences between Panhellenic and historically Black Greek letter organizations, the role of the Center for Multicultural Student Services as a safe and affirming space, and ongoing challenges related to Greek housing, visibility, and institutional support for Black Greek organizations. Discusses her sorority's commitment \"to bridge the gap\" by building connections across communities and addresses broader questions of representation, inclusion, and campus climate for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, founder of the Furious Flower Poetry Center and professor emerita of English at James Madison University, who recounts the origins and development of the center from the inaugural 1994 conference honoring Gwendolyn Brooks. The interview documents the planning and challenges involved in organizing the first academic conference dedicated to Black poetry, the transformation of Furious Flower from a single event into a permanent center, and the cultural significance of creating institutional space for Black literary voices at a predominantly white university. Discusses the importance of Black poetry in American literature and the resistance she encountered while establishing the center.","Records a follow-up interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, who expands on the broader impact and ongoing development of the Furious Flower Poetry Center at James Madison University. The interview documents the integration of Furious Flower materials into university curricula, changes in the center's physical location, and community outreach programs such as the Children's Creativity Camp and Slam Academy. Discusses international collaborations, the role of poetry in international studies, and her vision for the center's sustainability through endowment funding, advocating for continued recognition and support of Black literary arts.","Records an interview with Harrisonburg resident Robert Lee Harper Jr., who reflects on relationships between the local Black community and James Madison University. The interview documents his early connection to JMU through construction work on campus buildings as a high school student in the late 1960s and his observations of changing town–gown dynamics over several decades. Discusses the history and demographics of the Northeast neighborhood, the significance of institutions such as the Lucy Simms School and local churches, and ongoing community partnerships, including the effects of university growth on housing, employment, and student volunteer engagement in the Black community.","Records an interview with Karina Kline-Gabel, Assistant Dean for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in the College of Arts and Letters at James Madison University, who explores intersections between Latinx and Black spaces on campus. The interview documents her bilingual, bicultural background; advocacy for Latinx students and families in Harrisonburg; and leadership in founding the Madison Hispanic Caucus and advising the Latinx Student Alliance. Discusses collaborative efforts among cultural organizations, challenges of visibility and accessibility for multicultural spaces, the need for sustained institutional support, and opportunities for cross-cultural programming and shared understanding.","Records an interview with Thomas Lavenir, Assistant Director of International Student and Scholar Services at James Madison University's Center for Global Engagement, who discusses international student experiences and recruitment. The interview documents his perspective as a former international student from France, challenges in recruiting students from Black-majority regions, and barriers posed by financial constraints and immigration policies. Discusses programs such as the Link initiative and the International Student Leadership Conference, efforts to connect international and domestic students, and institutional obstacles to increasing representation of students from African and Caribbean countries.","Records an interview with Lawrence Marfo, who reflects on his academic journey, professional development, and experiences in Black spaces at James Madison University. The interview documents themes of identity, belonging, and institutional culture within the context of broader diversity and inclusion efforts at JMU. Discusses academic experiences, community engagement, and perspectives on creating inclusive environments and support systems for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Jacob Mayiani, a data scientist with a master's degree in Integrated Science and Technology from James Madison University, who reflects on Black spaces and community on campus. The interview documents his personal background, educational trajectory, and involvement with campus organizations. Discusses questions of representation and cultural identity, the formation of supportive networks within a predominantly white institution, and the roles of student leadership and academic achievement in building community.","Records an interview with McKinley Melton, who discusses experiences related to Black spaces and cultural identity at James Madison University. The interview documents aspects of student life, academic pursuits, and participation in diversity initiatives, emphasizing the importance of mentorship and community building.","Records an interview with Tim Miller, who shares his perspectives on Black spaces and institutional dynamics at James Madison University. The interview documents his professional role within the university community, experiences with diversity and inclusion work, and observations on the development of supportive environments for Black students and staff. Discusses leadership and mentorship practices, institutional challenges, and strategies for promoting equitable policies and cultures on campus.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore, who reflects on Black spaces and community engagement at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in student organizations serving the Black community and examines the importance of historically Black Greek letter organizations for sisterhood, service, and leadership development. Discusses community outreach, student retention, and the role of culturally based organizations in supporting academic success.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore who recounts her experiences as a \"Double Duke\" and student affairs professional. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years, initial disappointment with limited visibility of the Black community, and subsequent engagement in organizations such as the Black Student Association, Contemporary Gospel Singers, and Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Discusses her transition from corporate consulting to student affairs work at JMU, shifts in leadership and diversity priorities over her five-year tenure, the location and visibility of the Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) within campus infrastructure, advising the Women of Color organization, and strategies for retention and coalition-building among students of color.","Records an interview with Adebayo Ogundipe, who discusses his academic and personal experiences at James Madison University and the intersections between international student life and Black identity on campus. The interview documents his perspectives as a member of the campus community engaged with Black spaces and Africana studies, focusing on cultural identity, academic experiences, and community involvement. Discusses how international students from the African diaspora navigate predominantly white institutional settings, participate in academic programs and student organizations, and contribute to evolving conversations about Black identity and community at JMU.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, who discusses African and African American Studies at James Madison University from his perspective as a scholar and faculty leader. The interview documents the development of Africana Studies programs, interdisciplinary collaborations, and efforts to integrate African perspectives into higher education curricula. Discusses themes of cultural authenticity, academic rigor, and the challenges of establishing ethnic studies programs, including curriculum design, faculty recruitment, and strategies to engage students in Africana Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah that continues his reflections on African Studies and its place within the academic landscape at James Madison University. The interview documents theoretical foundations of Africana Studies, arguments for decolonizing education, and the contributions of African-centered scholarship to contemporary social issues. Discusses research methodologies, community partnerships, and the global dimensions of African Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, which includes an analysis of the evolution of African Studies education at James Madison University. The interview documents intersections between academic scholarship and social justice, emphasizing culturally relevant pedagogy and strategies for engaging students with African and African American history and culture. Discusses pedagogical innovation, student mentorship, and the development of critical consciousness through education.","Records an interview with Darius Perkins, who reflects on his experiences within the James Madison University community with particular attention to Black spaces, student life, and campus culture. The interview documents his academic journey and involvement in programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies and related student organizations. Discusses community-building efforts, identity formation, and opportunities and challenges encountered by Black students at a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Karen Risch-Mott, who discusses her work in multicultural education and efforts to develop inclusive teaching practices at James Madison University. The interview documents her support for diverse student populations through culturally responsive programming and collaboration with student support services. Discusses themes of educational equity, cultural competency, and the practical challenges of creating inclusive learning environments, including policy development, cross-cultural engagement, and strategies for fostering a campus climate that affirms students from a wide range of backgrounds.","Records an interview with Olivia Stephens, who reflects on her academic journey and experiences as a Black student at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in campus organizations that support students of the global majority, her efforts to build community and find affirming spaces, and her engagement with diversity and inclusion initiatives. Discusses themes of identity, belonging, and leadership development at a predominantly white institution, including the importance of mentorship, peer networks, and culturally responsive programming.","Records an interview with Diane L. Strawbridge, Executive Director for Student Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on her experiences as a JMU alumna, longtime Harrisonburg resident, and founder of the Centennial Scholars Program. The interview documents the development and evolution of Centennial Scholars from its first cohort in 2004, including early challenges in communicating the program's purpose, building structures for study hall and community service, and partnering with offices such as Community Service-Learning to support Pell-eligible students from across Virginia. Discusses themes of educational access, student development, and institutional responsibility for diversity and inclusion at a predominantly white institution, highlighting how Centennial Scholars provides a space for students to explore identity, build community, and \"take ownership\" of campus while also challenging assumptions about who the program serves. Additional topics include Strawbridge's own commuter student experience in the late 1970s and early 1980s, changing patterns of racial diversity at JMU over several decades, and the role of Black faculty and staff mentors in sustaining community for students of color.","Records an interview with Wayne Teel, professor in the School of Integrated Science and Technology at James Madison University, who recounts his path from agroforestry work in Sudan, Kenya, and Mozambique to teaching environmental and geography courses at JMU. The interview documents his long-term engagement with African agriculture and ecology, including fieldwork on smallholder farming and Indigenous tree species, his scholarship on Kenyan sand dams and water access, and his role in developing and teaching a Geography of Africa course that contributes to the African, African American, and Diaspora (AAAD) Studies minor. Discusses themes of environmental and racial justice, global inequities in land and resource use, and the challenges of building connections between AAAD and science and engineering disciplines on a physically divided campus, emphasizing the importance of giving students experiential and place-based knowledge of Africa. Additional topics include his participation in Kenya-based study abroad programs, collaboration with colleagues and African partners, and the use of physical objects and visual materials to interpret African landscapes and water systems for JMU students.","Records an interview with Linda Thomas, who reflects on her relationship to James Madison University and her perspectives on Black spaces and campus community. The interview documents her connection to the institution—as student, staff, faculty, and community member—and her reflections on the evolution of Black student life and institutional support for people of color. Discusses campus culture, student services, academic programs, and broader social conditions affecting students and community members of color, as well as ongoing efforts to more inclusive and supportive environments.","Records an interview with Jordan Todd, who discusses his experiences and perspectives on Black spaces and student life at James Madison University. The interview documents his involvement in campus organizations, academic journey, and observations of campus climate for Black students. Discusses student activism, community building, leadership development, and academic success strategies, as well as efforts to address institutional challenges affecting students of color.","Records the first session of an oral history interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who recounts her recruitment to Madison College in the mid-1970s and first impressions of Harrisonburg and the campus. The interview documents her first impressions of Harrisonburg, early meetings with colleagues in the History Department, and the mix of welcome and hostility she encountered. Discusses themes of racism, professional fit, campus climate, and intellectual community, emphasizing how supportive colleagues and a sense of intellectual community shaped her decision to build a career at JMU.","Records an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, who reflects on her family history in Burke County, Georgia, her parents' experiences during the Great Migration, and the central role of education for Black women in her family. The interview documents multigenerational strategies for securing schooling beyond the eighth grade, stories of landownership, racial violence, and economic displacement in the Jim Crow South, and the expectations that Walker and her siblings pursue professional careers in fields such as history, engineering, and computing. Discusses themes of race, gender, and education, linking southern Black rural life, migration to northern cities such as East Orange, New Jersey, and the shaping of her own academic trajectory, including her later work developing African American history courses and African, African American, and Diaspora Studies at James Madison University.","Records the third part of an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who reflects on her tenure in the History Department and the factors that influenced her decision to remain at JMU. The interview documents her reflections on whether JMU was the right place for her, contrasting modest library resources with a strong sense of collegiality in the History Department, and considering job offers elsewhere, including an opportunity to direct a Black Studies program at another university. Discusses themes of academic culture, departmental community, and Black faculty retention, highlighting the importance of mutual respect among colleagues, acceptance of individuality, and protection from toxic departmental politics in enabling her to build a career, mentor students, and contribute to African American and African diaspora studies at JMU.","Records an interview with Pernell Whitfield, who reflects on his academic and personal journey within the James Madison University community and his perspectives on Black spaces, student life, and institutional culture. The interview documents his involvement in campus life where questions of racial identity, community formation, and institutional support systems intersect, including participation in student organizations, engagement with academic programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies, and use of campus services supporting students of the global majority. Discusses themes of belonging, leadership development, and mentorship, as well as strategies Black students employ to create and navigate supportive communities within a predominantly white institutional setting.","Records an interview with Amanda Yankey, who reflects on Black identity and community at James Madison University. The interview documents her personal journey and academic achievements, and involvement in organizations supporting students of color. Discusses experiences of navigating a predominantly white institution, the importance of mentorship and peer support networks, and efforts to build inclusive communities and affirming spaces on campus. Additional topics include student leadership, community service, and the importance of mentorship and peer support networks.","Records a follow-up interview with Amanda Yankey, who offers additional reflections on her experiences navigating higher education as a Black woman at James Madison University. The interview documents her ongoing academic and personal development, participation in diversity initiatives, and observations on campus culture and institutional climate. Discusses themes of resilience and empowerment, the role of education in fostering social change, and the importance of representation and visibility for Black students in higher education.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Furious Flower Poetry Center","Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-","Walker, Jacqueline Baldwin, 1949-","Owusu-Ansah, David (19520801)","Reich, Steven A. (Steven Andrew), 1965-","Adams, Melinda, (Political science teacher)","Porter, Rob","Bishop, Kayleigh","Adkins, Ant","Moore, Chervon","Black, Iona","Bryson, B. J., Dr. (Brenda Jean)","Akinola, Ireti","Lee-Nelson, Zenobia","Medeiros, Megan","Alleyne, Lauren K.","Colbert, Qyaira","Chang, Angelina Ingrassia","Nemergut, Margaret","Baker, Mecca","Williams, Ashleigh","Snyder, Hannah","Barge, Rebeca","Pineda-Hernandez, Michelle","Crosby, Tessa","Beers, Daniel J.","Kifle , Mistire","Brutus, Tiffany","Jones, Norman","Haupt, Amy","Campbell, Cannie","Combs, Carrie","Cavanagh, Erica","Dean, Art","Parker, Mone'","Shafik, Marina","Elliott, Alyssa","Hairston, TaLisha","Conrades, Jenna","Gabbin, Joanne V. (Joanne Veal), 1946-","Harper, Robert Lee, Jr.","Law, Spencer","Kline-Gabel, Karina","Marsh, Madeline","Lavenir, Thomas","Marfo, Lawrence","Mayiani, Jacob","Melton, McKinley","Miller, Timothy","Ogundipe, Adebayo","Penaranda, Nico","Harris, Illiana ","Perkins, Darius","Mott, Karen E. Risch","Stephens, Olivia","Strawbridge, Diane","Teel, Wayne","Thomas, Daphyne Saunders","Heyward, Zaria","Thomas, Linda","Todd, Jordan","Whitfield, Pernell","Yankey, Amanda","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SdArch.0046","/repositories/4/resources/779"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"collection_title_tesim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"collection_ssim":["Black Studies, Black Spaces oral histories"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"creator_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"creators_ssim":["Godfrey, Mollie, 1979-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Molly Godfrey, 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["oral histories (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["oral histories (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["22.1 Gigabytes 98 digital files"],"extent_tesim":["22.1 Gigabytes 98 digital files"],"genreform_ssim":["oral histories (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research. Agreements with the interviewees govern access to oral history interviews."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two series. The oral histories are arranged alphabetically by surname of interviewee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eClassroom Panel Discussion Sound Recordings, 2019\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eOral History Interviews, 2019\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into two series. The oral histories are arranged alphabetically by surname of interviewee.","Classroom Panel Discussion Sound Recordings, 2019 Oral History Interviews, 2019"],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://us.preservica.com/explorer/explorer.html#prop:4\u0026amp;c420eddd-b908-4dae-9dcf-09e7626d002b\"\u003ePreservica Internal\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://jmu.access.preservica.com/archive/sdb%3Acollection|c420eddd-b908-4dae-9dcf-09e7626d002b/\"\u003ePreservica Access\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Preservica Internal URL","Preservica Public URL"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["Preservica Internal","Preservica Access"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains three classroom panel discussion sound recordings as well as forty-one oral history interviews with thirty-six narrators conducted during the Fall 2019 \u003cemph\u003eBlack Studies and Black Spaces\u003c/emph\u003e course offered by the African, African American, and Diaspora Studies (AAAD) program. The interviews comprise a diverse group of narrators, including community members, faculty (current and former), students, administrators, staff, and alumni, reflecting on their experiences and perspectives related to Black studies and the creation of Black spaces within academic and community contexts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe materials include 98 digital files comprising audio recordings (.wav), corresponding transcripts (.docx), and supporting documentation (.docx and .pdf). Oral history interviews with Joanne Gabbin, Chervon Moore, David Owusu-Ansah, Jacqueline Walker, and Amanda Yankey were conducted over multiple sessions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe interviews explore themes such as the historical development of Black Studies as an academic discipline, its impact on institutional policies, the role of Black spaces in fostering identity and community, and the intersection of scholarship and activism. Topics include curriculum development, advocacy for interdisciplinary programs, student-led initiatives, and collaborations with local Black communities. Subthemes address cultural memory preservation, intersectionality (race, gender, and class), critiques of diversity frameworks in academia, and the challenges of sustaining inclusive spaces within predominantly white institutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis panel discussion documents the institutional history of JMU's AAAD Studies program through the perspectives of founding faculty members, covering several key themes. The founding of AAAD Studies traces its origins to 1980s student-led initiatives that called for Black-centered curricula, with Dr. Jacqueline Walker detailing her 1976 arrival at Madison College, where she developed early African American history courses. Dr. David Owusu-Ansah recounts the collaborative efforts across departments to secure federal grants for African Studies, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary partnerships with art history, political science, and English. Faculty also reflect on the pedagogical challenges of teaching Africana content to predominantly white student bodies; Dr. Steven Reich discusses his approach to dismantling racialized medical biases through historical analysis, while Dr. Melinda Adams highlights her use of African novels in political science courses to counter Eurocentric scholarship. Additionally, Dr. Walker and Dr. Owusu-Ansah analyze retention strategies for BIPOC faculty, noting that JMU has relied more on interpersonal networks than on structural reforms for support. The panel further critiques JMU's fraught relationship with Harrisonburg's Black communities, with Dr. Reich acknowledging the resistance to archiving local Black history.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis panel discussion features conversations among Black women scholars, educators, and institutional leaders about their experiences in academic environments. The panelists reflect on systemic challenges, professional achievements, and intersectional identities within higher education. Key themes include institutional barriers to advancement, strategies for mentorship and community building, and the impact of race and gender on teaching practices. The discussion covers topics such as tenure processes, interdisciplinary collaboration, and navigating visibility in predominantly white academic institutions. The panelists offer critical insights into the sociopolitical dynamics of academia during the late 20th century. Additionally, the recording includes audience  questions related to policy reform and solidarity frameworks. While there is minor background noise, the audio remains clear throughout. This material serves as a primary resource for scholars investigating the historiography of Black feminist thought, institutional equity movements, and oral history methodologies aimed at preserving underrepresented voices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis panel discussion explores the history and significance of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) at James Madison University. The discussion lifts up BGLOs' roles as cultural affirmations and service leadership engines and addresses challenges within JMU's diversity landscape. BGLOs arose in the early 20th century in response to racial exclusion. Dr. Joanne Gabbin notes the founding of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. in 1908 at Howard University, focused on combating poverty. Alexander Gabbin traces Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc.'s founding in 1911, emphasizing its commitment to academic survival amid racial hostility. Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., founded in 1922, began under KKK influence, underscoring the need for community service. Panelists distinguish BGLOs from predominantly white Greek organizations, noting their legal commitment to community uplift. Esther Nizer illustrates Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.'s activism during the 1913 Women's Suffrage March. Panelists share transformative personal journeys shaped by BGLOs, such as Alexander Gabbin, who gained leadership skills through Kappa Alpha Psi, and Chervon Moore, who found mentorship in Sigma Gamma Rho. BGLOs have significantly influenced JMU's diversity, with alumni taking on leadership roles across campus. Despite their legacy, BGLOs face declining visibility and membership due to reduced Black student enrollment and resource disparities. Esther Nizer mentions alumnae initiatives aimed at fostering connections and a need for greater university support. Panelists discuss the tension between tradition and the evolving views of students regarding BGLOs. The alumni networks of BGLOs play a critical role in retention and support. Dr. Joanne Gabbin shares her long-term mentorship with JMU's Alpha Kappa Alpha chapter. Esther Nizer discusses how her alumni chapter focused on scholarships and legislative advocacy, exemplifying BGLOs as lifelong commitments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Ireti Akinola, a Black Nigerian American recruitment specialist at James Madison University, who recounts her work recruiting faculty and staff across units including the Office of the President, Student Affairs, and Access and Enrollment Management. The interview documents her navigation of intersecting identities as a Black woman of Nigerian descent, the challenges of advancing institutional diversity initiatives, and her trajectory from JMU alumna to human resources professional. Discusses broader questions of representation, cultural belonging, and the experience of working within a predominantly white institution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Lauren K. Alleyne, Executive Director of the \u003ccorpname\u003eFurious Flower Poetry Center\u003c/corpname\u003e (FFPC) at James Madison University, who describes the center's operations, programming, and significance as the first academic center dedicated to Black poetry in the United States. The interview documents her responsibilities as editor-in-chief of the online journal \"The Fight and The Fiddle,\" including fundraising, grant writing, and planning seminars, reading series, and other public programs. Discusses major events such as the \"Throw Your Head Back \u0026amp; Sing\" tribute to Maya Angelou and the Furious Flower 25th anniversary celebration; community engagement initiatives including children's summer arts camps, school visits, and regional collaborations; and institutional challenges related to budget, staffing, space, and campus visibility. Addresses the center's national and international profile, its relationship to JMU and the Harrisonburg community, and tensions between local recognition and national prominence in promoting Black poetry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Mecca Baker, who reflects on her experiences as a transfer student at James Madison University and her leadership in Black student organizations at a predominantly white institution. The interview documents her search for community, increasing involvement in the Black Student Alliance (BSA), and progression from Parliamentarian and Treasurer to President. Discusses efforts to revitalize BSA from a small, declining organization with limited institutional memory into a more visible, active group; initiatives to redesign the logo, expand programming, and preserve organizational records through donation to Special Collections; and the broader context of Black student life at JMU in the mid to late 2010s. Additional topics include campus protests and marches addressing racial issues, attempts to bridge divides between Greek and non-Greek Black students through events such as \"To Greek or Not to Greek,\" participation in Esteem Models, and evolving conversations about mental health and sexuality within the Black community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Rebeca Barge, an immigrant from Central America and long-time Harrisonburg resident, who reflects on community engagement, diversity, and relationships between James Madison University and the city of Harrisonburg. The interview documents her work at the Harrisonburg City Public Schools Welcome Center assisting Latin American families with access to local resources and her subsequent role at JMU's Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) supporting student organizations and diversity initiatives. Discusses her former position as Program Director at Big Brothers Big Sisters coordinating mentoring programs with JMU students and considers how these roles connect campus communities, local schools, and families in Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Daniel Beers, Associate Professor in the Department of Justice Studies at James Madison University, who recounts his humanitarian work and academic career with a focus on Haiti. The interview documents the founding and development of Resources to Resources, a nonprofit organization supporting community-driven development projects, and his efforts to involve students in international humanitarian work through cultural programming and experiential learning. Discusses critical perspectives on traditional humanitarian aid, ethical research practices in Haiti, fundraising concerts, challenges of scaling community-based initiatives and countering poverty narratives, and the intersections between academic research and community service in international development contexts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Tiffany Brutus, Assistant Director of Student-Athlete Services at James Madison University and JMU alumna, who reflects on her experiences as a student-athlete and administrator. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years as a track and field athlete from Ann Arbor, Michigan, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in Health Sciences in 2004 and 2006, and her engagement with the Center for Multicultural Student Services and the Black student community. Discusses her accomplishments as a four-time CAA Conference Champion, transition from student-athlete to graduate assistant in Student Athlete Services, and subsequent professional role supporting student-athletes. Additional topics include her service with the Black Alumni Chapter as Secretary, challenges in fostering Black alumni engagement, and observations on changes in Black student experiences at JMU from the 1980s through the 2000s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Cannie Campbell, Associate Vice President for Constituent Engagement, and Carrie Combs, Director of Alumni Relations and Executive Director of the JMU Alumni Association, who discuss their experiences as James Madison University alumni and advancement professionals. The interview, conducted at Sonner Hall, documents Campbell's transfer to JMU in 1995, completion of a B.S. in Health Sciences, and progression from positions in the Health Center and Student Affairs to University Advancement, as well as Combs's move from Southern California in 2003, degrees in Technical and Scientific Communication, and work in the private sector before returning to JMU. Discusses their institutional support and liaison roles with the Black Alumni Chapter, founded by Deborah Johnson in the 1980s, partnerships with the Office of Diversity, Access, and Inclusion and the Center for Multicultural Student Services, and gaps in institutional historical knowledge about Black alumni organizing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Erica Cavanagh, James Madison University faculty member and alumna, who reflects on her undergraduate years from 1993 to 1996 and later academic and teaching career. The interview documents her B.A. in English and Art History, participation in Dr. Joanne Gabbin's African American Poetry course during the inaugural Furious Flower Poetry Conference in 1994, and the course's emphasis on the Black Aesthetic, including jazz, blues, spirituals, biblical allusions, and vernacular traditions. Discusses her graduate studies at the University of Chicago focusing on poet Rita Dove, her attendance at Gwendolyn Brooks's funeral in 2000, and her ongoing work teaching African American literature and food studies at JMU, highlighting continuity between her student experiences and later pedagogy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Art Dean, Executive Director for Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on his 27-year career at the institution as both student and administrator. The interview documents his work in faculty and staff recruitment, development of diversity and inclusion initiatives, and efforts to create welcoming spaces for historically marginalized communities on campus. Discusses the evolution of campus diversity, the importance of mentorship, the formation of Black spaces at JMU, and his role on the President's Cabinet in advancing institutional commitments to access, inclusion, and intersectional understanding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Alyssa Elliott, a member of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., who discusses her experiences with the African American Divine Nine organizations at James Madison University. The interview documents her perspectives on differences between Panhellenic and historically Black Greek letter organizations, the role of the Center for Multicultural Student Services as a safe and affirming space, and ongoing challenges related to Greek housing, visibility, and institutional support for Black Greek organizations. Discusses her sorority's commitment \"to bridge the gap\" by building connections across communities and addresses broader questions of representation, inclusion, and campus climate for students of the global majority.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, founder of the Furious Flower Poetry Center and professor emerita of English at James Madison University, who recounts the origins and development of the center from the inaugural 1994 conference honoring Gwendolyn Brooks. The interview documents the planning and challenges involved in organizing the first academic conference dedicated to Black poetry, the transformation of Furious Flower from a single event into a permanent center, and the cultural significance of creating institutional space for Black literary voices at a predominantly white university. Discusses the importance of Black poetry in American literature and the resistance she encountered while establishing the center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords a follow-up interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, who expands on the broader impact and ongoing development of the Furious Flower Poetry Center at James Madison University. The interview documents the integration of Furious Flower materials into university curricula, changes in the center's physical location, and community outreach programs such as the Children's Creativity Camp and Slam Academy. Discusses international collaborations, the role of poetry in international studies, and her vision for the center's sustainability through endowment funding, advocating for continued recognition and support of Black literary arts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Harrisonburg resident Robert Lee Harper Jr., who reflects on relationships between the local Black community and James Madison University. The interview documents his early connection to JMU through construction work on campus buildings as a high school student in the late 1960s and his observations of changing town–gown dynamics over several decades. Discusses the history and demographics of the Northeast neighborhood, the significance of institutions such as the Lucy Simms School and local churches, and ongoing community partnerships, including the effects of university growth on housing, employment, and student volunteer engagement in the Black community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Karina Kline-Gabel, Assistant Dean for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in the College of Arts and Letters at James Madison University, who explores intersections between Latinx and Black spaces on campus. The interview documents her bilingual, bicultural background; advocacy for Latinx students and families in Harrisonburg; and leadership in founding the Madison Hispanic Caucus and advising the Latinx Student Alliance. Discusses collaborative efforts among cultural organizations, challenges of visibility and accessibility for multicultural spaces, the need for sustained institutional support, and opportunities for cross-cultural programming and shared understanding.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Thomas Lavenir, Assistant Director of International Student and Scholar Services at James Madison University's Center for Global Engagement, who discusses international student experiences and recruitment. The interview documents his perspective as a former international student from France, challenges in recruiting students from Black-majority regions, and barriers posed by financial constraints and immigration policies. Discusses programs such as the Link initiative and the International Student Leadership Conference, efforts to connect international and domestic students, and institutional obstacles to increasing representation of students from African and Caribbean countries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Lawrence Marfo, who reflects on his academic journey, professional development, and experiences in Black spaces at James Madison University. The interview documents themes of identity, belonging, and institutional culture within the context of broader diversity and inclusion efforts at JMU. Discusses academic experiences, community engagement, and perspectives on creating inclusive environments and support systems for students of the global majority.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Jacob Mayiani, a data scientist with a master's degree in Integrated Science and Technology from James Madison University, who reflects on Black spaces and community on campus. The interview documents his personal background, educational trajectory, and involvement with campus organizations. Discusses questions of representation and cultural identity, the formation of supportive networks within a predominantly white institution, and the roles of student leadership and academic achievement in building community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with McKinley Melton, who discusses experiences related to Black spaces and cultural identity at James Madison University. The interview documents aspects of student life, academic pursuits, and participation in diversity initiatives, emphasizing the importance of mentorship and community building.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Tim Miller, who shares his perspectives on Black spaces and institutional dynamics at James Madison University. The interview documents his professional role within the university community, experiences with diversity and inclusion work, and observations on the development of supportive environments for Black students and staff. Discusses leadership and mentorship practices, institutional challenges, and strategies for promoting equitable policies and cultures on campus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Chervon Moore, who reflects on Black spaces and community engagement at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in student organizations serving the Black community and examines the importance of historically Black Greek letter organizations for sisterhood, service, and leadership development. Discusses community outreach, student retention, and the role of culturally based organizations in supporting academic success.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Chervon Moore who recounts her experiences as a \"Double Duke\" and student affairs professional. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years, initial disappointment with limited visibility of the Black community, and subsequent engagement in organizations such as the Black Student Association, Contemporary Gospel Singers, and Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Discusses her transition from corporate consulting to student affairs work at JMU, shifts in leadership and diversity priorities over her five-year tenure, the location and visibility of the Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) within campus infrastructure, advising the Women of Color organization, and strategies for retention and coalition-building among students of color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Adebayo Ogundipe, who discusses his academic and personal experiences at James Madison University and the intersections between international student life and Black identity on campus. The interview documents his perspectives as a member of the campus community engaged with Black spaces and Africana studies, focusing on cultural identity, academic experiences, and community involvement. Discusses how international students from the African diaspora navigate predominantly white institutional settings, participate in academic programs and student organizations, and contribute to evolving conversations about Black identity and community at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, who discusses African and African American Studies at James Madison University from his perspective as a scholar and faculty leader. The interview documents the development of Africana Studies programs, interdisciplinary collaborations, and efforts to integrate African perspectives into higher education curricula. Discusses themes of cultural authenticity, academic rigor, and the challenges of establishing ethnic studies programs, including curriculum design, faculty recruitment, and strategies to engage students in Africana Studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with David Owusu-Ansah that continues his reflections on African Studies and its place within the academic landscape at James Madison University. The interview documents theoretical foundations of Africana Studies, arguments for decolonizing education, and the contributions of African-centered scholarship to contemporary social issues. Discusses research methodologies, community partnerships, and the global dimensions of African Studies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, which includes an analysis of the evolution of African Studies education at James Madison University. The interview documents intersections between academic scholarship and social justice, emphasizing culturally relevant pedagogy and strategies for engaging students with African and African American history and culture. Discusses pedagogical innovation, student mentorship, and the development of critical consciousness through education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Darius Perkins, who reflects on his experiences within the James Madison University community with particular attention to Black spaces, student life, and campus culture. The interview documents his academic journey and involvement in programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies and related student organizations. Discusses community-building efforts, identity formation, and opportunities and challenges encountered by Black students at a predominantly white institution.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Karen Risch-Mott, who discusses her work in multicultural education and efforts to develop inclusive teaching practices at James Madison University. The interview documents her support for diverse student populations through culturally responsive programming and collaboration with student support services. Discusses themes of educational equity, cultural competency, and the practical challenges of creating inclusive learning environments, including policy development, cross-cultural engagement, and strategies for fostering a campus climate that affirms students from a wide range of backgrounds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Olivia Stephens, who reflects on her academic journey and experiences as a Black student at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in campus organizations that support students of the global majority, her efforts to build community and find affirming spaces, and her engagement with diversity and inclusion initiatives. Discusses themes of identity, belonging, and leadership development at a predominantly white institution, including the importance of mentorship, peer networks, and culturally responsive programming.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Diane L. Strawbridge, Executive Director for Student Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on her experiences as a JMU alumna, longtime Harrisonburg resident, and founder of the Centennial Scholars Program. The interview documents the development and evolution of Centennial Scholars from its first cohort in 2004, including early challenges in communicating the program's purpose, building structures for study hall and community service, and partnering with offices such as Community Service-Learning to support Pell-eligible students from across Virginia. Discusses themes of educational access, student development, and institutional responsibility for diversity and inclusion at a predominantly white institution, highlighting how Centennial Scholars provides a space for students to explore identity, build community, and \"take ownership\" of campus while also challenging assumptions about who the program serves. Additional topics include Strawbridge's own commuter student experience in the late 1970s and early 1980s, changing patterns of racial diversity at JMU over several decades, and the role of Black faculty and staff mentors in sustaining community for students of color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Wayne Teel, professor in the School of Integrated Science and Technology at James Madison University, who recounts his path from agroforestry work in Sudan, Kenya, and Mozambique to teaching environmental and geography courses at JMU. The interview documents his long-term engagement with African agriculture and ecology, including fieldwork on smallholder farming and Indigenous tree species, his scholarship on Kenyan sand dams and water access, and his role in developing and teaching a Geography of Africa course that contributes to the African, African American, and Diaspora (AAAD) Studies minor. Discusses themes of environmental and racial justice, global inequities in land and resource use, and the challenges of building connections between AAAD and science and engineering disciplines on a physically divided campus, emphasizing the importance of giving students experiential and place-based knowledge of Africa. Additional topics include his participation in Kenya-based study abroad programs, collaboration with colleagues and African partners, and the use of physical objects and visual materials to interpret African landscapes and water systems for JMU students.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Linda Thomas, who reflects on her relationship to James Madison University and her perspectives on Black spaces and campus community. The interview documents her connection to the institution—as student, staff, faculty, and community member—and her reflections on the evolution of Black student life and institutional support for people of color. Discusses campus culture, student services, academic programs, and broader social conditions affecting students and community members of color, as well as ongoing efforts to more inclusive and supportive environments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Jordan Todd, who discusses his experiences and perspectives on Black spaces and student life at James Madison University. The interview documents his involvement in campus organizations, academic journey, and observations of campus climate for Black students. Discusses student activism, community building, leadership development, and academic success strategies, as well as efforts to address institutional challenges affecting students of color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the first session of an oral history interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who recounts her recruitment to Madison College in the mid-1970s and first impressions of Harrisonburg and the campus. The interview documents her first impressions of Harrisonburg, early meetings with colleagues in the History Department, and the mix of welcome and hostility she encountered. Discusses themes of racism, professional fit, campus climate, and intellectual community, emphasizing how supportive colleagues and a sense of intellectual community shaped her decision to build a career at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, who reflects on her family history in Burke County, Georgia, her parents' experiences during the Great Migration, and the central role of education for Black women in her family. The interview documents multigenerational strategies for securing schooling beyond the eighth grade, stories of landownership, racial violence, and economic displacement in the Jim Crow South, and the expectations that Walker and her siblings pursue professional careers in fields such as history, engineering, and computing. Discusses themes of race, gender, and education, linking southern Black rural life, migration to northern cities such as East Orange, New Jersey, and the shaping of her own academic trajectory, including her later work developing African American history courses and African, African American, and Diaspora Studies at James Madison University.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the third part of an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who reflects on her tenure in the History Department and the factors that influenced her decision to remain at JMU. The interview documents her reflections on whether JMU was the right place for her, contrasting modest library resources with a strong sense of collegiality in the History Department, and considering job offers elsewhere, including an opportunity to direct a Black Studies program at another university. Discusses themes of academic culture, departmental community, and Black faculty retention, highlighting the importance of mutual respect among colleagues, acceptance of individuality, and protection from toxic departmental politics in enabling her to build a career, mentor students, and contribute to African American and African diaspora studies at JMU.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Pernell Whitfield, who reflects on his academic and personal journey within the James Madison University community and his perspectives on Black spaces, student life, and institutional culture. The interview documents his involvement in campus life where questions of racial identity, community formation, and institutional support systems intersect, including participation in student organizations, engagement with academic programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies, and use of campus services supporting students of the global majority. Discusses themes of belonging, leadership development, and mentorship, as well as strategies Black students employ to create and navigate supportive communities within a predominantly white institutional setting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords an interview with Amanda Yankey, who reflects on Black identity and community at James Madison University. The interview documents her personal journey and academic achievements, and involvement in organizations supporting students of color. Discusses experiences of navigating a predominantly white institution, the importance of mentorship and peer support networks, and efforts to build inclusive communities and affirming spaces on campus. Additional topics include student leadership, community service, and the importance of mentorship and peer support networks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords a follow-up interview with Amanda Yankey, who offers additional reflections on her experiences navigating higher education as a Black woman at James Madison University. The interview documents her ongoing academic and personal development, participation in diversity initiatives, and observations on campus culture and institutional climate. Discusses themes of resilience and empowerment, the role of education in fostering social change, and the importance of representation and visibility for Black students in higher education.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains three classroom panel discussion sound recordings as well as forty-one oral history interviews with thirty-six narrators conducted during the Fall 2019  Black Studies and Black Spaces  course offered by the African, African American, and Diaspora Studies (AAAD) program. The interviews comprise a diverse group of narrators, including community members, faculty (current and former), students, administrators, staff, and alumni, reflecting on their experiences and perspectives related to Black studies and the creation of Black spaces within academic and community contexts.","The materials include 98 digital files comprising audio recordings (.wav), corresponding transcripts (.docx), and supporting documentation (.docx and .pdf). Oral history interviews with Joanne Gabbin, Chervon Moore, David Owusu-Ansah, Jacqueline Walker, and Amanda Yankey were conducted over multiple sessions.","The interviews explore themes such as the historical development of Black Studies as an academic discipline, its impact on institutional policies, the role of Black spaces in fostering identity and community, and the intersection of scholarship and activism. Topics include curriculum development, advocacy for interdisciplinary programs, student-led initiatives, and collaborations with local Black communities. Subthemes address cultural memory preservation, intersectionality (race, gender, and class), critiques of diversity frameworks in academia, and the challenges of sustaining inclusive spaces within predominantly white institutions.","This panel discussion documents the institutional history of JMU's AAAD Studies program through the perspectives of founding faculty members, covering several key themes. The founding of AAAD Studies traces its origins to 1980s student-led initiatives that called for Black-centered curricula, with Dr. Jacqueline Walker detailing her 1976 arrival at Madison College, where she developed early African American history courses. Dr. David Owusu-Ansah recounts the collaborative efforts across departments to secure federal grants for African Studies, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary partnerships with art history, political science, and English. Faculty also reflect on the pedagogical challenges of teaching Africana content to predominantly white student bodies; Dr. Steven Reich discusses his approach to dismantling racialized medical biases through historical analysis, while Dr. Melinda Adams highlights her use of African novels in political science courses to counter Eurocentric scholarship. Additionally, Dr. Walker and Dr. Owusu-Ansah analyze retention strategies for BIPOC faculty, noting that JMU has relied more on interpersonal networks than on structural reforms for support. The panel further critiques JMU's fraught relationship with Harrisonburg's Black communities, with Dr. Reich acknowledging the resistance to archiving local Black history.","This panel discussion features conversations among Black women scholars, educators, and institutional leaders about their experiences in academic environments. The panelists reflect on systemic challenges, professional achievements, and intersectional identities within higher education. Key themes include institutional barriers to advancement, strategies for mentorship and community building, and the impact of race and gender on teaching practices. The discussion covers topics such as tenure processes, interdisciplinary collaboration, and navigating visibility in predominantly white academic institutions. The panelists offer critical insights into the sociopolitical dynamics of academia during the late 20th century. Additionally, the recording includes audience  questions related to policy reform and solidarity frameworks. While there is minor background noise, the audio remains clear throughout. This material serves as a primary resource for scholars investigating the historiography of Black feminist thought, institutional equity movements, and oral history methodologies aimed at preserving underrepresented voices.","This panel discussion explores the history and significance of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) at James Madison University. The discussion lifts up BGLOs' roles as cultural affirmations and service leadership engines and addresses challenges within JMU's diversity landscape. BGLOs arose in the early 20th century in response to racial exclusion. Dr. Joanne Gabbin notes the founding of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc. in 1908 at Howard University, focused on combating poverty. Alexander Gabbin traces Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc.'s founding in 1911, emphasizing its commitment to academic survival amid racial hostility. Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., founded in 1922, began under KKK influence, underscoring the need for community service. Panelists distinguish BGLOs from predominantly white Greek organizations, noting their legal commitment to community uplift. Esther Nizer illustrates Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.'s activism during the 1913 Women's Suffrage March. Panelists share transformative personal journeys shaped by BGLOs, such as Alexander Gabbin, who gained leadership skills through Kappa Alpha Psi, and Chervon Moore, who found mentorship in Sigma Gamma Rho. BGLOs have significantly influenced JMU's diversity, with alumni taking on leadership roles across campus. Despite their legacy, BGLOs face declining visibility and membership due to reduced Black student enrollment and resource disparities. Esther Nizer mentions alumnae initiatives aimed at fostering connections and a need for greater university support. Panelists discuss the tension between tradition and the evolving views of students regarding BGLOs. The alumni networks of BGLOs play a critical role in retention and support. Dr. Joanne Gabbin shares her long-term mentorship with JMU's Alpha Kappa Alpha chapter. Esther Nizer discusses how her alumni chapter focused on scholarships and legislative advocacy, exemplifying BGLOs as lifelong commitments.","Records an interview with Ireti Akinola, a Black Nigerian American recruitment specialist at James Madison University, who recounts her work recruiting faculty and staff across units including the Office of the President, Student Affairs, and Access and Enrollment Management. The interview documents her navigation of intersecting identities as a Black woman of Nigerian descent, the challenges of advancing institutional diversity initiatives, and her trajectory from JMU alumna to human resources professional. Discusses broader questions of representation, cultural belonging, and the experience of working within a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Lauren K. Alleyne, Executive Director of the  Furious Flower Poetry Center  (FFPC) at James Madison University, who describes the center's operations, programming, and significance as the first academic center dedicated to Black poetry in the United States. The interview documents her responsibilities as editor-in-chief of the online journal \"The Fight and The Fiddle,\" including fundraising, grant writing, and planning seminars, reading series, and other public programs. Discusses major events such as the \"Throw Your Head Back \u0026 Sing\" tribute to Maya Angelou and the Furious Flower 25th anniversary celebration; community engagement initiatives including children's summer arts camps, school visits, and regional collaborations; and institutional challenges related to budget, staffing, space, and campus visibility. Addresses the center's national and international profile, its relationship to JMU and the Harrisonburg community, and tensions between local recognition and national prominence in promoting Black poetry.","Records an interview with Mecca Baker, who reflects on her experiences as a transfer student at James Madison University and her leadership in Black student organizations at a predominantly white institution. The interview documents her search for community, increasing involvement in the Black Student Alliance (BSA), and progression from Parliamentarian and Treasurer to President. Discusses efforts to revitalize BSA from a small, declining organization with limited institutional memory into a more visible, active group; initiatives to redesign the logo, expand programming, and preserve organizational records through donation to Special Collections; and the broader context of Black student life at JMU in the mid to late 2010s. Additional topics include campus protests and marches addressing racial issues, attempts to bridge divides between Greek and non-Greek Black students through events such as \"To Greek or Not to Greek,\" participation in Esteem Models, and evolving conversations about mental health and sexuality within the Black community.","Records an interview with Rebeca Barge, an immigrant from Central America and long-time Harrisonburg resident, who reflects on community engagement, diversity, and relationships between James Madison University and the city of Harrisonburg. The interview documents her work at the Harrisonburg City Public Schools Welcome Center assisting Latin American families with access to local resources and her subsequent role at JMU's Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) supporting student organizations and diversity initiatives. Discusses her former position as Program Director at Big Brothers Big Sisters coordinating mentoring programs with JMU students and considers how these roles connect campus communities, local schools, and families in Harrisonburg and Rockingham County.","Records an interview with Daniel Beers, Associate Professor in the Department of Justice Studies at James Madison University, who recounts his humanitarian work and academic career with a focus on Haiti. The interview documents the founding and development of Resources to Resources, a nonprofit organization supporting community-driven development projects, and his efforts to involve students in international humanitarian work through cultural programming and experiential learning. Discusses critical perspectives on traditional humanitarian aid, ethical research practices in Haiti, fundraising concerts, challenges of scaling community-based initiatives and countering poverty narratives, and the intersections between academic research and community service in international development contexts.","Records an interview with Tiffany Brutus, Assistant Director of Student-Athlete Services at James Madison University and JMU alumna, who reflects on her experiences as a student-athlete and administrator. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years as a track and field athlete from Ann Arbor, Michigan, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in Health Sciences in 2004 and 2006, and her engagement with the Center for Multicultural Student Services and the Black student community. Discusses her accomplishments as a four-time CAA Conference Champion, transition from student-athlete to graduate assistant in Student Athlete Services, and subsequent professional role supporting student-athletes. Additional topics include her service with the Black Alumni Chapter as Secretary, challenges in fostering Black alumni engagement, and observations on changes in Black student experiences at JMU from the 1980s through the 2000s.","Records an interview with Cannie Campbell, Associate Vice President for Constituent Engagement, and Carrie Combs, Director of Alumni Relations and Executive Director of the JMU Alumni Association, who discuss their experiences as James Madison University alumni and advancement professionals. The interview, conducted at Sonner Hall, documents Campbell's transfer to JMU in 1995, completion of a B.S. in Health Sciences, and progression from positions in the Health Center and Student Affairs to University Advancement, as well as Combs's move from Southern California in 2003, degrees in Technical and Scientific Communication, and work in the private sector before returning to JMU. Discusses their institutional support and liaison roles with the Black Alumni Chapter, founded by Deborah Johnson in the 1980s, partnerships with the Office of Diversity, Access, and Inclusion and the Center for Multicultural Student Services, and gaps in institutional historical knowledge about Black alumni organizing.","Records an interview with Erica Cavanagh, James Madison University faculty member and alumna, who reflects on her undergraduate years from 1993 to 1996 and later academic and teaching career. The interview documents her B.A. in English and Art History, participation in Dr. Joanne Gabbin's African American Poetry course during the inaugural Furious Flower Poetry Conference in 1994, and the course's emphasis on the Black Aesthetic, including jazz, blues, spirituals, biblical allusions, and vernacular traditions. Discusses her graduate studies at the University of Chicago focusing on poet Rita Dove, her attendance at Gwendolyn Brooks's funeral in 2000, and her ongoing work teaching African American literature and food studies at JMU, highlighting continuity between her student experiences and later pedagogy.","Records an interview with Art Dean, Executive Director for Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on his 27-year career at the institution as both student and administrator. The interview documents his work in faculty and staff recruitment, development of diversity and inclusion initiatives, and efforts to create welcoming spaces for historically marginalized communities on campus. Discusses the evolution of campus diversity, the importance of mentorship, the formation of Black spaces at JMU, and his role on the President's Cabinet in advancing institutional commitments to access, inclusion, and intersectional understanding.","Records an interview with Alyssa Elliott, a member of Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc., who discusses her experiences with the African American Divine Nine organizations at James Madison University. The interview documents her perspectives on differences between Panhellenic and historically Black Greek letter organizations, the role of the Center for Multicultural Student Services as a safe and affirming space, and ongoing challenges related to Greek housing, visibility, and institutional support for Black Greek organizations. Discusses her sorority's commitment \"to bridge the gap\" by building connections across communities and addresses broader questions of representation, inclusion, and campus climate for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, founder of the Furious Flower Poetry Center and professor emerita of English at James Madison University, who recounts the origins and development of the center from the inaugural 1994 conference honoring Gwendolyn Brooks. The interview documents the planning and challenges involved in organizing the first academic conference dedicated to Black poetry, the transformation of Furious Flower from a single event into a permanent center, and the cultural significance of creating institutional space for Black literary voices at a predominantly white university. Discusses the importance of Black poetry in American literature and the resistance she encountered while establishing the center.","Records a follow-up interview with Dr. Joanne V. Gabbin, who expands on the broader impact and ongoing development of the Furious Flower Poetry Center at James Madison University. The interview documents the integration of Furious Flower materials into university curricula, changes in the center's physical location, and community outreach programs such as the Children's Creativity Camp and Slam Academy. Discusses international collaborations, the role of poetry in international studies, and her vision for the center's sustainability through endowment funding, advocating for continued recognition and support of Black literary arts.","Records an interview with Harrisonburg resident Robert Lee Harper Jr., who reflects on relationships between the local Black community and James Madison University. The interview documents his early connection to JMU through construction work on campus buildings as a high school student in the late 1960s and his observations of changing town–gown dynamics over several decades. Discusses the history and demographics of the Northeast neighborhood, the significance of institutions such as the Lucy Simms School and local churches, and ongoing community partnerships, including the effects of university growth on housing, employment, and student volunteer engagement in the Black community.","Records an interview with Karina Kline-Gabel, Assistant Dean for Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in the College of Arts and Letters at James Madison University, who explores intersections between Latinx and Black spaces on campus. The interview documents her bilingual, bicultural background; advocacy for Latinx students and families in Harrisonburg; and leadership in founding the Madison Hispanic Caucus and advising the Latinx Student Alliance. Discusses collaborative efforts among cultural organizations, challenges of visibility and accessibility for multicultural spaces, the need for sustained institutional support, and opportunities for cross-cultural programming and shared understanding.","Records an interview with Thomas Lavenir, Assistant Director of International Student and Scholar Services at James Madison University's Center for Global Engagement, who discusses international student experiences and recruitment. The interview documents his perspective as a former international student from France, challenges in recruiting students from Black-majority regions, and barriers posed by financial constraints and immigration policies. Discusses programs such as the Link initiative and the International Student Leadership Conference, efforts to connect international and domestic students, and institutional obstacles to increasing representation of students from African and Caribbean countries.","Records an interview with Lawrence Marfo, who reflects on his academic journey, professional development, and experiences in Black spaces at James Madison University. The interview documents themes of identity, belonging, and institutional culture within the context of broader diversity and inclusion efforts at JMU. Discusses academic experiences, community engagement, and perspectives on creating inclusive environments and support systems for students of the global majority.","Records an interview with Jacob Mayiani, a data scientist with a master's degree in Integrated Science and Technology from James Madison University, who reflects on Black spaces and community on campus. The interview documents his personal background, educational trajectory, and involvement with campus organizations. Discusses questions of representation and cultural identity, the formation of supportive networks within a predominantly white institution, and the roles of student leadership and academic achievement in building community.","Records an interview with McKinley Melton, who discusses experiences related to Black spaces and cultural identity at James Madison University. The interview documents aspects of student life, academic pursuits, and participation in diversity initiatives, emphasizing the importance of mentorship and community building.","Records an interview with Tim Miller, who shares his perspectives on Black spaces and institutional dynamics at James Madison University. The interview documents his professional role within the university community, experiences with diversity and inclusion work, and observations on the development of supportive environments for Black students and staff. Discusses leadership and mentorship practices, institutional challenges, and strategies for promoting equitable policies and cultures on campus.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore, who reflects on Black spaces and community engagement at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in student organizations serving the Black community and examines the importance of historically Black Greek letter organizations for sisterhood, service, and leadership development. Discusses community outreach, student retention, and the role of culturally based organizations in supporting academic success.","Records an interview with Chervon Moore who recounts her experiences as a \"Double Duke\" and student affairs professional. The interview documents her undergraduate and graduate years, initial disappointment with limited visibility of the Black community, and subsequent engagement in organizations such as the Black Student Association, Contemporary Gospel Singers, and Sigma Gamma Rho Sorority, Inc. Discusses her transition from corporate consulting to student affairs work at JMU, shifts in leadership and diversity priorities over her five-year tenure, the location and visibility of the Center for Multicultural Student Services (CMSS) within campus infrastructure, advising the Women of Color organization, and strategies for retention and coalition-building among students of color.","Records an interview with Adebayo Ogundipe, who discusses his academic and personal experiences at James Madison University and the intersections between international student life and Black identity on campus. The interview documents his perspectives as a member of the campus community engaged with Black spaces and Africana studies, focusing on cultural identity, academic experiences, and community involvement. Discusses how international students from the African diaspora navigate predominantly white institutional settings, participate in academic programs and student organizations, and contribute to evolving conversations about Black identity and community at JMU.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, who discusses African and African American Studies at James Madison University from his perspective as a scholar and faculty leader. The interview documents the development of Africana Studies programs, interdisciplinary collaborations, and efforts to integrate African perspectives into higher education curricula. Discusses themes of cultural authenticity, academic rigor, and the challenges of establishing ethnic studies programs, including curriculum design, faculty recruitment, and strategies to engage students in Africana Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah that continues his reflections on African Studies and its place within the academic landscape at James Madison University. The interview documents theoretical foundations of Africana Studies, arguments for decolonizing education, and the contributions of African-centered scholarship to contemporary social issues. Discusses research methodologies, community partnerships, and the global dimensions of African Studies.","Records an interview with David Owusu-Ansah, which includes an analysis of the evolution of African Studies education at James Madison University. The interview documents intersections between academic scholarship and social justice, emphasizing culturally relevant pedagogy and strategies for engaging students with African and African American history and culture. Discusses pedagogical innovation, student mentorship, and the development of critical consciousness through education.","Records an interview with Darius Perkins, who reflects on his experiences within the James Madison University community with particular attention to Black spaces, student life, and campus culture. The interview documents his academic journey and involvement in programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies and related student organizations. Discusses community-building efforts, identity formation, and opportunities and challenges encountered by Black students at a predominantly white institution.","Records an interview with Karen Risch-Mott, who discusses her work in multicultural education and efforts to develop inclusive teaching practices at James Madison University. The interview documents her support for diverse student populations through culturally responsive programming and collaboration with student support services. Discusses themes of educational equity, cultural competency, and the practical challenges of creating inclusive learning environments, including policy development, cross-cultural engagement, and strategies for fostering a campus climate that affirms students from a wide range of backgrounds.","Records an interview with Olivia Stephens, who reflects on her academic journey and experiences as a Black student at James Madison University. The interview documents her involvement in campus organizations that support students of the global majority, her efforts to build community and find affirming spaces, and her engagement with diversity and inclusion initiatives. Discusses themes of identity, belonging, and leadership development at a predominantly white institution, including the importance of mentorship, peer networks, and culturally responsive programming.","Records an interview with Diane L. Strawbridge, Executive Director for Student Access and Inclusion at James Madison University, who reflects on her experiences as a JMU alumna, longtime Harrisonburg resident, and founder of the Centennial Scholars Program. The interview documents the development and evolution of Centennial Scholars from its first cohort in 2004, including early challenges in communicating the program's purpose, building structures for study hall and community service, and partnering with offices such as Community Service-Learning to support Pell-eligible students from across Virginia. Discusses themes of educational access, student development, and institutional responsibility for diversity and inclusion at a predominantly white institution, highlighting how Centennial Scholars provides a space for students to explore identity, build community, and \"take ownership\" of campus while also challenging assumptions about who the program serves. Additional topics include Strawbridge's own commuter student experience in the late 1970s and early 1980s, changing patterns of racial diversity at JMU over several decades, and the role of Black faculty and staff mentors in sustaining community for students of color.","Records an interview with Wayne Teel, professor in the School of Integrated Science and Technology at James Madison University, who recounts his path from agroforestry work in Sudan, Kenya, and Mozambique to teaching environmental and geography courses at JMU. The interview documents his long-term engagement with African agriculture and ecology, including fieldwork on smallholder farming and Indigenous tree species, his scholarship on Kenyan sand dams and water access, and his role in developing and teaching a Geography of Africa course that contributes to the African, African American, and Diaspora (AAAD) Studies minor. Discusses themes of environmental and racial justice, global inequities in land and resource use, and the challenges of building connections between AAAD and science and engineering disciplines on a physically divided campus, emphasizing the importance of giving students experiential and place-based knowledge of Africa. Additional topics include his participation in Kenya-based study abroad programs, collaboration with colleagues and African partners, and the use of physical objects and visual materials to interpret African landscapes and water systems for JMU students.","Records an interview with Linda Thomas, who reflects on her relationship to James Madison University and her perspectives on Black spaces and campus community. The interview documents her connection to the institution—as student, staff, faculty, and community member—and her reflections on the evolution of Black student life and institutional support for people of color. Discusses campus culture, student services, academic programs, and broader social conditions affecting students and community members of color, as well as ongoing efforts to more inclusive and supportive environments.","Records an interview with Jordan Todd, who discusses his experiences and perspectives on Black spaces and student life at James Madison University. The interview documents his involvement in campus organizations, academic journey, and observations of campus climate for Black students. Discusses student activism, community building, leadership development, and academic success strategies, as well as efforts to address institutional challenges affecting students of color.","Records the first session of an oral history interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who recounts her recruitment to Madison College in the mid-1970s and first impressions of Harrisonburg and the campus. The interview documents her first impressions of Harrisonburg, early meetings with colleagues in the History Department, and the mix of welcome and hostility she encountered. Discusses themes of racism, professional fit, campus climate, and intellectual community, emphasizing how supportive colleagues and a sense of intellectual community shaped her decision to build a career at JMU.","Records an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, who reflects on her family history in Burke County, Georgia, her parents' experiences during the Great Migration, and the central role of education for Black women in her family. The interview documents multigenerational strategies for securing schooling beyond the eighth grade, stories of landownership, racial violence, and economic displacement in the Jim Crow South, and the expectations that Walker and her siblings pursue professional careers in fields such as history, engineering, and computing. Discusses themes of race, gender, and education, linking southern Black rural life, migration to northern cities such as East Orange, New Jersey, and the shaping of her own academic trajectory, including her later work developing African American history courses and African, African American, and Diaspora Studies at James Madison University.","Records the third part of an interview with Dr. Jacqueline Walker, Professor Emerita of History at James Madison University, who reflects on her tenure in the History Department and the factors that influenced her decision to remain at JMU. The interview documents her reflections on whether JMU was the right place for her, contrasting modest library resources with a strong sense of collegiality in the History Department, and considering job offers elsewhere, including an opportunity to direct a Black Studies program at another university. Discusses themes of academic culture, departmental community, and Black faculty retention, highlighting the importance of mutual respect among colleagues, acceptance of individuality, and protection from toxic departmental politics in enabling her to build a career, mentor students, and contribute to African American and African diaspora studies at JMU.","Records an interview with Pernell Whitfield, who reflects on his academic and personal journey within the James Madison University community and his perspectives on Black spaces, student life, and institutional culture. The interview documents his involvement in campus life where questions of racial identity, community formation, and institutional support systems intersect, including participation in student organizations, engagement with academic programs such as African, African American, and Diaspora Studies, and use of campus services supporting students of the global majority. Discusses themes of belonging, leadership development, and mentorship, as well as strategies Black students employ to create and navigate supportive communities within a predominantly white institutional setting.","Records an interview with Amanda Yankey, who reflects on Black identity and community at James Madison University. The interview documents her personal journey and academic achievements, and involvement in organizations supporting students of color. Discusses experiences of navigating a predominantly white institution, the importance of mentorship and peer support networks, and efforts to build inclusive communities and affirming spaces on campus. Additional topics include student leadership, community service, and the importance of mentorship and peer support networks.","Records a follow-up interview with Amanda Yankey, who offers additional reflections on her experiences navigating higher education as a Black woman at James Madison University. The interview documents her ongoing academic and personal development, participation in diversity initiatives, and observations on campus culture and institutional climate. Discusses themes of resilience and empowerment, the role of education in fostering social change, and the importance of representation and visibility for Black students in higher education."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu) for more information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. 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Risch","Stephens, Olivia","Strawbridge, Diane","Teel, Wayne","Thomas, Daphyne Saunders","Heyward, Zaria","Thomas, Linda","Todd, Jordan","Whitfield, Pernell","Yankey, Amanda"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":49,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-11T20:05:25.504Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_779_c02_c11"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c04_c01","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Land Forms and Air Currents","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c04_c01"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c04","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c04","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carol Barton papers","2023-0404 Accession"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carol Barton papers","2023-0404 Accession"],"text":["Carol Barton papers","2023-0404 Accession","Land Forms and Air Currents"],"title_filing_ssi":"Land Forms and Air Currents","title_ssm":["Land Forms and Air Currents"],"title_tesim":["Land Forms and Air Currents"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2012-2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2012/2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Land Forms and Air Currents"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Barton papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":20,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":140,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[2012,2013,2014],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:18:57.997Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_638.xml","title_ssm":["Carol Barton papers"],"title_tesim":["Carol Barton papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1973-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1973-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638"],"text":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638","Carol Barton papers","Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","In addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage.","The collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition,  Miliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop , has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.","Printed Materials, 1973-2015 Projects and Research, 1975-2012 Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013 2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020","Grace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.","Barton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.","National Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton.","Carol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as  Books \u0026 Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book  (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks,  The Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark , which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000,  Vision Shifts ,  Instructions for Assembly , and  Tunnel Map  are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026 Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book,  Everyday Road Signs .","In 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court.","The papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work","Material groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.","Duplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained.","Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections.","The Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.","Series 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.","Throughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals:  The Bone Folder  (2000 \u0026 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton),  The Smithsonian Associates  (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\",  Valley Art Association Newsletter  (May-June 1999), and  The Washington Print Club Quarterly  (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.","Barton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as  The Washington Times ,  New York Times ,  Smithsonian Associates , and  Boston Globe .","Series 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research.  Instructions for Assembly  (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials.  Vision Shifts  (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs.  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark  (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for  The Lookout . As well, the book  La Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale  served as direct inspiration for  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark . Barton's first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), contains hand cut master sheets.  Everyday Road Signs  (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of  Separations , sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page.  Loom  (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print.  Tunnel Map  (1988) contains planning for  Map #1 Europe/Africa/Asia  in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for  Tunnel Map  include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.","Researchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.","Prototypes of  Pocket Paper Engineer Volume 3  are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"","Barton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in:  Visual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B ,  Art on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books ,  Orihon \u0026 More: Books By Artists ,  Under Cover: Book Arts ,  Beyond Reading ,  [Book] Art: Handmade Books ,  Book For[u]ms ,  The Pocket Paper Engineer , Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and  Mining the Lloyd .","Series 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.","The series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book  Land Forms and Air Currents .","\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon","Numbered 5/26.","Numerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings.  Ker-Bloom! , a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Barton, Carol June, 1954-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carol Barton papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carol Barton papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Barton papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creator_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creators_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carol Barton on March 23, 2017. Manuscript material was also received as part of a 2015 acquisition of Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of pop-up and artists' books. That material was incorporated into this collection. Barton made an additional donation of materials in October 2022 (accessioned in 2023)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.47 cubic feet 20 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["7.47 cubic feet 20 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"date_range_isim":[1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal Note"],"appraisal_tesim":["In addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMiliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop\u003c/emph\u003e, has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePrinted Materials, 1973-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eProjects and Research, 1975-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition,  Miliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop , has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.","Printed Materials, 1973-2015 Projects and Research, 1975-2012 Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013 2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eGrace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eBarton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eNational Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Grace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.","Barton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.","National Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBooks \u0026amp; Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book\u003c/emph\u003e (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e, which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVision Shifts\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eInstructions for Assembly\u003c/emph\u003e, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026amp; Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond the Page\u003c/emph\u003e (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEveryday Road Signs\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as  Books \u0026 Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book  (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks,  The Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark , which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000,  Vision Shifts ,  Instructions for Assembly , and  Tunnel Map  are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026 Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book,  Everyday Road Signs .","In 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, SC 0274, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, SC 0274, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work","Material groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.","Duplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bone Folder\u003c/emph\u003e (2000 \u0026amp; 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton), \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Smithsonian Associates\u003c/emph\u003e (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\", \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eValley Art Association Newsletter\u003c/emph\u003e (May-June 1999), and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Washington Print Club Quarterly\u003c/emph\u003e (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Washington Times\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Times\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSmithsonian Associates\u003c/emph\u003e, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Globe\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eInstructions for Assembly\u003c/emph\u003e (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVision Shifts\u003c/emph\u003e (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFive Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Lookout\u003c/emph\u003e. As well, the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLa Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale\u003c/emph\u003e served as direct inspiration for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFive Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e. Barton's first book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond the Page\u003c/emph\u003e (1981), contains hand cut master sheets. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEveryday Road Signs\u003c/emph\u003e (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSeparations\u003c/emph\u003e, sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLoom\u003c/emph\u003e (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e (1988) contains planning for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMap #1 Europe/Africa/Asia\u003c/emph\u003e in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrototypes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePocket Paper Engineer Volume 3\u003c/emph\u003e are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVisual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eArt on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOrihon \u0026amp; More: Books By Artists\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eUnder Cover: Book Arts\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond Reading\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e[Book] Art: Handmade Books\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBook For[u]ms\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Pocket Paper Engineer\u003c/emph\u003e, Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMining the Lloyd\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLand Forms and Air Currents\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNumbered 5/26.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.","Series 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.","Throughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals:  The Bone Folder  (2000 \u0026 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton),  The Smithsonian Associates  (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\",  Valley Art Association Newsletter  (May-June 1999), and  The Washington Print Club Quarterly  (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.","Barton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as  The Washington Times ,  New York Times ,  Smithsonian Associates , and  Boston Globe .","Series 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research.  Instructions for Assembly  (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials.  Vision Shifts  (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs.  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark  (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for  The Lookout . As well, the book  La Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale  served as direct inspiration for  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark . Barton's first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), contains hand cut master sheets.  Everyday Road Signs  (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of  Separations , sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page.  Loom  (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print.  Tunnel Map  (1988) contains planning for  Map #1 Europe/Africa/Asia  in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for  Tunnel Map  include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.","Researchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.","Prototypes of  Pocket Paper Engineer Volume 3  are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"","Barton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in:  Visual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B ,  Art on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books ,  Orihon \u0026 More: Books By Artists ,  Under Cover: Book Arts ,  Beyond Reading ,  [Book] Art: Handmade Books ,  Book For[u]ms ,  The Pocket Paper Engineer , Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and  Mining the Lloyd .","Series 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.","The series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book  Land Forms and Air Currents .","\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon","Numbered 5/26."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNumerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eKer-Bloom!\u003c/emph\u003e, a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Numerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings.  Ker-Bloom! , a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2d8e790c8752baf58256cbedb902ee64\"\u003eThe Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"persname_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":162,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:18:57.997Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c04_c01"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756_c05","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Lectures and writings","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_756_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756_c05","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_756_c05"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756_c05","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_756"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_756"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ralph Cohen papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ralph Cohen papers"],"text":["Ralph Cohen papers","Lectures and writings","Barnwell, George","Aleichem Sholem, 1859-1916"],"title_filing_ssi":"Lectures and writings","title_ssm":["Lectures and writings"],"title_tesim":["Lectures and writings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1970-1990"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lectures and writings"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Ralph Cohen papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":9,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":5,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"names_ssim":["Barnwell, George","Aleichem Sholem, 1859-1916"],"persname_ssim":["Barnwell, George","Barnwell, George","Aleichem Sholem, 1859-1916"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:51.369Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_756","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_756.xml","title_ssm":["Ralph Cohen papers"],"title_tesim":["Ralph Cohen papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1940s-2013"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940s-2013"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0203","/repositories/4/resources/756"],"text":["SC 0203","/repositories/4/resources/756","Ralph Cohen papers","Academic writing","English language","American literature -- History and criticism","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Articles","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Widely available article reprints and offprints that were sent to Cohen by the authors were weeded. Cohen's UVa Lawn Society paperweight was not retained. Indecipherable computer printouts were not retained. A final manuscript copy of Cohen's  The Unfolding of \"The Seasons\"  was discarded. A second annotated/marked-up/draft copy was retained.","Dr. Ralph Cohen (1917-2016), inaugural Provost Distinguished Professor at James Madison University, joined the university faculty in 2010. Dr. Cohen established the Cohen Center of Technical Humanism at JMU, building on the foundation of the graduate program in Writing, Rhetoric and Technical Communication. Prior to his service at JMU, Dr. Cohen was William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of English at the University of Virginia (UVa) beginning in 1968. Between 1952 and 1967, he taught Philosophy and English at the University of California, Los Angeles. He authored six books, over 140 articles, and founded  New Literary History: A Journal of Theory and Interpretation  at UVa in 1969. This journal remains the preeminent journal of its kind in the world. Dr. Cohen built a robust study library over the course of his life, donating all of these books to JMU upon his death in 2016. His wife, Libby Okun Cohen, who had a long career as a librarian, preceded him in death in 2013.","Much of the papers in the collection were inserted in Cohen's study library of books and  offprint articles. The papers, comprising correspondence, ephemera, and photographs, were removed from the texts. The printed materials were then either retained and cataloged bibliographically or discarded depending on current collecting scope.","RG-24/54/1.151, Ralph Cohen papers and New Literary History records, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library","Correspondence, writings, notes, photographs, and ephemera of Ralph Cohen, the bulk of which was separated from printed materials in Cohen's study library. The correspondence primarily concerns books and articles that were sent to the Cohens and were for Ralph Cohen's review and consideration. A sub-folder of 1943 correspondence comprises letters and postcards written in either Hebrew or Yiddish to Libby Cohen from her mother. Some inserts are seemingly unrelated to the text they were filed in (invitations, postcards, photographs, ephemera, etc.) and may have only served as book marks.","The lectures and writings are largely papers written by Cohen that were presented by him in a public forum some of which are identified (Midwest Modern Language Association meeting, Indiana University Patten Foundation Lecture Series). Topics include George Barnwell, the subject of George Lilo's play  The London Merchant , and genre theory. A draft copy of Cohen's  The Unfolding of \"The Seasons\": A Study of James Thomson's Poem  is heavily edited and annotated. In \"Once Upon a Time,\" Libby Cohen recollects spending four summers at the Medem Sanatorium in Warsaw, Poland. The same folder includes a response titled \"Echoes...\" written by the Cohens' daughter Ruth Cohen Traister Morris.","A scrapbook comprises photographs and marketing material documenting programs and lectures held at the University of Virginia and sponsored by UVa's Commonwealth Center for Literary and Cultural Change.","Libby Cohen's recollections of spending four summers at the Medem Sanatorium in Warsaw, Poland. Includes a response titled \"Echoes...\" written by her daughter Ruth Cohen Traister Morris.","Lecture given as part of Indiana University's Patten Foundation Lectures.","Lecture given as part of Indiana University's Patten Foundation Lectures.","Two copies. One labeled \"As taken to Milwaukee.\"","Photographs and marketing material documenting programs and lectures sponsored by the Commonwealth Center for Literary and Cultural Change at the University of Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Correspondence, writings, notes, photographs, and ephemera of Ralph Cohen, the bulk of which was separated from printed materials in Cohen's study library.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","University of Virginia -- History -- Marketing","Midwest Modern Language Association","Medem-sanaṭorye (Miedzeszyn, Warsaw, Poland)","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016 -- Correspondence","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016 -- Written works","Barnwell, George","Aleichem Sholem, 1859-1916","English \n,        Hebrew \n,        Yiddish \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0203","/repositories/4/resources/756"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ralph Cohen papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ralph Cohen papers"],"collection_ssim":["Ralph Cohen papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016"],"creator_ssim":["Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016"],"creators_ssim":["Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Ralph Cohen in 2010 as part of a larger gift to JMU Libraries."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Academic writing","English language","American literature -- History and criticism","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Articles"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Academic writing","English language","American literature -- History and criticism","Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Articles"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.65 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.65 cubic feet 2 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)","Photographs","Scrapbooks","Printed Ephemera","Articles"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWidely available article reprints and offprints that were sent to Cohen by the authors were weeded. Cohen's UVa Lawn Society paperweight was not retained. Indecipherable computer printouts were not retained. A final manuscript copy of Cohen's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Unfolding of \"The Seasons\"\u003c/emph\u003e was discarded. A second annotated/marked-up/draft copy was retained.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Widely available article reprints and offprints that were sent to Cohen by the authors were weeded. Cohen's UVa Lawn Society paperweight was not retained. Indecipherable computer printouts were not retained. A final manuscript copy of Cohen's  The Unfolding of \"The Seasons\"  was discarded. A second annotated/marked-up/draft copy was retained."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Ralph Cohen (1917-2016), inaugural Provost Distinguished Professor at James Madison University, joined the university faculty in 2010. Dr. Cohen established the Cohen Center of Technical Humanism at JMU, building on the foundation of the graduate program in Writing, Rhetoric and Technical Communication. Prior to his service at JMU, Dr. Cohen was William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of English at the University of Virginia (UVa) beginning in 1968. Between 1952 and 1967, he taught Philosophy and English at the University of California, Los Angeles. He authored six books, over 140 articles, and founded \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew Literary History: A Journal of Theory and Interpretation\u003c/emph\u003e at UVa in 1969. This journal remains the preeminent journal of its kind in the world. Dr. Cohen built a robust study library over the course of his life, donating all of these books to JMU upon his death in 2016. His wife, Libby Okun Cohen, who had a long career as a librarian, preceded him in death in 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Ralph Cohen (1917-2016), inaugural Provost Distinguished Professor at James Madison University, joined the university faculty in 2010. Dr. Cohen established the Cohen Center of Technical Humanism at JMU, building on the foundation of the graduate program in Writing, Rhetoric and Technical Communication. Prior to his service at JMU, Dr. Cohen was William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of English at the University of Virginia (UVa) beginning in 1968. Between 1952 and 1967, he taught Philosophy and English at the University of California, Los Angeles. He authored six books, over 140 articles, and founded  New Literary History: A Journal of Theory and Interpretation  at UVa in 1969. This journal remains the preeminent journal of its kind in the world. Dr. Cohen built a robust study library over the course of his life, donating all of these books to JMU upon his death in 2016. His wife, Libby Okun Cohen, who had a long career as a librarian, preceded him in death in 2013."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Ralph Cohen Papers, 1940s-2013, SC 0203, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Ralph Cohen Papers, 1940s-2013, SC 0203, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMuch of the papers in the collection were inserted in Cohen's study library of books and  offprint articles. The papers, comprising correspondence, ephemera, and photographs, were removed from the texts. The printed materials were then either retained and cataloged bibliographically or discarded depending on current collecting scope.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Much of the papers in the collection were inserted in Cohen's study library of books and  offprint articles. The papers, comprising correspondence, ephemera, and photographs, were removed from the texts. The printed materials were then either retained and cataloged bibliographically or discarded depending on current collecting scope."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRG-24/54/1.151, Ralph Cohen papers and New Literary History records, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["RG-24/54/1.151, Ralph Cohen papers and New Literary History records, Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, writings, notes, photographs, and ephemera of Ralph Cohen, the bulk of which was separated from printed materials in Cohen's study library. The correspondence primarily concerns books and articles that were sent to the Cohens and were for Ralph Cohen's review and consideration. A sub-folder of 1943 correspondence comprises letters and postcards written in either Hebrew or Yiddish to Libby Cohen from her mother. Some inserts are seemingly unrelated to the text they were filed in (invitations, postcards, photographs, ephemera, etc.) and may have only served as book marks.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe lectures and writings are largely papers written by Cohen that were presented by him in a public forum some of which are identified (Midwest Modern Language Association meeting, Indiana University Patten Foundation Lecture Series). Topics include George Barnwell, the subject of George Lilo's play \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe London Merchant\u003c/emph\u003e, and genre theory. A draft copy of Cohen's \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Unfolding of \"The Seasons\": A Study of James Thomson's Poem\u003c/emph\u003e is heavily edited and annotated. In \"Once Upon a Time,\" Libby Cohen recollects spending four summers at the Medem Sanatorium in Warsaw, Poland. The same folder includes a response titled \"Echoes...\" written by the Cohens' daughter Ruth Cohen Traister Morris.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA scrapbook comprises photographs and marketing material documenting programs and lectures held at the University of Virginia and sponsored by UVa's Commonwealth Center for Literary and Cultural Change.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLibby Cohen's recollections of spending four summers at the Medem Sanatorium in Warsaw, Poland. Includes a response titled \"Echoes...\" written by her daughter Ruth Cohen Traister Morris.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLecture given as part of Indiana University's Patten Foundation Lectures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLecture given as part of Indiana University's Patten Foundation Lectures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo copies. One labeled \"As taken to Milwaukee.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs and marketing material documenting programs and lectures sponsored by the Commonwealth Center for Literary and Cultural Change at the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, writings, notes, photographs, and ephemera of Ralph Cohen, the bulk of which was separated from printed materials in Cohen's study library. The correspondence primarily concerns books and articles that were sent to the Cohens and were for Ralph Cohen's review and consideration. A sub-folder of 1943 correspondence comprises letters and postcards written in either Hebrew or Yiddish to Libby Cohen from her mother. Some inserts are seemingly unrelated to the text they were filed in (invitations, postcards, photographs, ephemera, etc.) and may have only served as book marks.","The lectures and writings are largely papers written by Cohen that were presented by him in a public forum some of which are identified (Midwest Modern Language Association meeting, Indiana University Patten Foundation Lecture Series). Topics include George Barnwell, the subject of George Lilo's play  The London Merchant , and genre theory. A draft copy of Cohen's  The Unfolding of \"The Seasons\": A Study of James Thomson's Poem  is heavily edited and annotated. In \"Once Upon a Time,\" Libby Cohen recollects spending four summers at the Medem Sanatorium in Warsaw, Poland. The same folder includes a response titled \"Echoes...\" written by the Cohens' daughter Ruth Cohen Traister Morris.","A scrapbook comprises photographs and marketing material documenting programs and lectures held at the University of Virginia and sponsored by UVa's Commonwealth Center for Literary and Cultural Change.","Libby Cohen's recollections of spending four summers at the Medem Sanatorium in Warsaw, Poland. Includes a response titled \"Echoes...\" written by her daughter Ruth Cohen Traister Morris.","Lecture given as part of Indiana University's Patten Foundation Lectures.","Lecture given as part of Indiana University's Patten Foundation Lectures.","Two copies. One labeled \"As taken to Milwaukee.\"","Photographs and marketing material documenting programs and lectures sponsored by the Commonwealth Center for Literary and Cultural Change at the University of Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2d4be425fde036837cf31384d3d00554\"\u003eCorrespondence, writings, notes, photographs, and ephemera of Ralph Cohen, the bulk of which was separated from printed materials in Cohen's study library.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Correspondence, writings, notes, photographs, and ephemera of Ralph Cohen, the bulk of which was separated from printed materials in Cohen's study library."],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Virginia -- History -- Marketing","Midwest Modern Language Association","Medem-sanaṭorye (Miedzeszyn, Warsaw, Poland)","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016 -- Correspondence","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016 -- Written works"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","University of Virginia -- History -- Marketing","Midwest Modern Language Association","Medem-sanaṭorye (Miedzeszyn, Warsaw, Poland)","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016 -- Correspondence","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016 -- Written works","Barnwell, George","Aleichem Sholem, 1859-1916"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","University of Virginia -- History -- Marketing","Midwest Modern Language Association","Medem-sanaṭorye (Miedzeszyn, Warsaw, Poland)"],"persname_ssim":["Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016 -- Correspondence","Cohen, Ralph, 1917-2016 -- Written works","Barnwell, George","Aleichem Sholem, 1859-1916"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        Hebrew \n,        Yiddish \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":15,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:51.369Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_756_c05"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c06","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c06","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c06"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c06","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements"],"text":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements","Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)"],"title_filing_ssi":"Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)","title_ssm":["Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)"],"title_tesim":["Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1993-2004"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1993/2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":6,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":64,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"names_ssim":["Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)"],"corpname_ssim":["Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#5","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:14.908Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_761","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_761.xml","title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2016"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"text":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761","Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism","Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. ","The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014 Teaching and scholarship Ephemera and objects","Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote  Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations , co-edited  European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow , and wrote two volumes of  Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response .","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. ","This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.","Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out.","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011","English \n,        German \n,        French \n,        Spanish; Castilian \n,        Greek, Modern (1453-) \n,        Arabic \n,        Italian \n,        Armenian \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["SC xxx","/repositories/4/resources/761"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"collection_ssim":["Dennis Pluchinsky collection on terrorism and counterterrorism"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"creators_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated to Special Collections in multiple accretions between 2015 and 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["xx cubic feet approximately 29 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Communiques","Maps (documents)","Photographs","Slides (photographs)","Serials (publications)","Magazines (periodicals)","Articles","Newspaper clippings","Posters","Newspapers"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSlides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions","Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting.","Slides are unavailable for research pending reformatting."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOnly select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. \u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["Only select publications, printed materials, and other mass produced materials were retained. All media (VHS, DVD) were not retained.","A representative sample of objects and ephemera was retained. "],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into three series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eExtremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eTeaching and scholarship\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and objects\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into three series:","Extremist, separatist, and resistance organizations and movements, 1956-2014 Teaching and scholarship Ephemera and objects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStarting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEurope's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations\u003c/emph\u003e, co-edited \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEuropean Terrorism: Today \u0026amp; Tomorrow\u003c/emph\u003e, and wrote two volumes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAnti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dennis A. Pluchinsky is a graduate of Madison College ('73) and George Washington University ('78) who spent the bulk of his career as a senior intelligence analysist. From 1977 to 2005, Pluchinsky worked in the Office of Intelligence and Threat Analysis, Diplomatic Security Service, U.S. Department of State.","Starting in 1990, he taught undergraduate and graduate courses at several colleges and universities including George Washington University, George Mason University, Georgetown University, and James Madison University. His courses focused on terrorism, counterterrorism, ethnic conflict, and al-Qaeda and the global jihad movement.","In addition to writing multiple book chapters and articles, Pluchinsky co-wrote  Europe's Red Terrorists: The Fighting Communist Organizations , co-edited  European Terrorism: Today \u0026 Tomorrow , and wrote two volumes of  Anti-American Terrorism: From Eisenhower to Trump — A Chronicle of the Threat and Response .","Due to the large and complex scope of organizations represented in this collection, neither a historical note on global terrorism generally nor information on specific groups is provided here. Researchers should consult collection materials or outside sources for historical information on specific organziations documented in this collection. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning"],"odd_tesim":["This collection includes graphic images, photographs, and descriptions of terrorist acts."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Dennis Pluchinsky Collection on Terrorism and Counterterrorism, 1956-2016, SC XXXX, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePost-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll matches have been burned out.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Post-it notes and envelopes containing donor-supplied descriptive information were photocopied and foldered with the related papers and photographs. The contents of a USB drive, comprising 16 Word documents and one PowerPoint presentation, was printed and filed rather than retained digitally.","Contents of binder were removed and foldered. Labels were copied and filed in folder.","All matches have been burned out."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBowman Miller's Language Study\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSouth Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresident George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTerrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLabel on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDonor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhite t-shirt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePresented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and university instructor.","The bulk of the collection, including Pluchinsky's teaching and scholarly work, documents the activities, ideological agendas, and belief systems of specific extremist groups, particularly European communist organizations, but also groups active in Asia, North America, South America, Africa, and the Middle East. Eco-terrorist groups are also included.","The series documents the activities and beliefs of specific extremist, separatist, resistance, and terrorist organizations. Materials include communiqués in which groups issued statements to the media, specifically to take credit for terror attacks; interviews with former and current group members; trainings and internal communcations; newsletters and publications; and indictments and court documents. Photographs and schematic diagrams of terror attacks are included. Examples of terror attacks documented include assassinations and attempted assassinations, kidnappings, plane hijackings, bombings, and suicide attacks. Specific terrorist attacks documented in these materials include September 11 (2001); the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland (1988); the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Summer Olympics; the assassination attempt of President George H. W. Bush by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait (1993); and many others too numerous to list.","There are organizations in this series that have similar goals, aims, and belief systems. In some cases, groups spawned from or merged into other groups, were renamed over time, issued joint statements, or issued statements in support of another group's activities. As a result, researchers may want to consult materials from organizations with aligning political or social agendas.","Materials not specific to individual organizations include chronologies, glossaries, and indices as well as general information on tactics and ideologies.","Bowman Miller's Language Study","Includes Al-Qaeda translated documents that were found in Al-Qaeda residences and training camps in late 2001 and early 2002.","Eduard Shevardnadze assassination attempts in 1995 and 1998.","South Moluccan terrorist hostage seizure in the Netherlands, May 1977.","President George H. W. Bush assassination attempt by Iraqi Intelligence Service in Kuwait.","Terrorist attack during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.","Label on spine of binder: \"FRG Look-Out Book\"","Donor created label on front of binder: \"West German Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Police) or 'BKA' Lookout Book on German left-wing terrorists. Dated - early 1980s/late 1970s\"","The series includes printed and three-dimensional ephemera, objects, propaganda, maps, reward and wanted posters, clothing items, counterterrorism calendars, and newspapers. The newspapers are primarily complete issues and are significant in that their front page headlines document major acts of political violence, terrorism, or the capture of terrorist leaders. Pro and anti-terrorist sentiments are expressed on the ephemera.","Yugoslavia, former Soviet Union, Middle East, Eastern Europe","Includes flag of Hezbollah and Hassan Nasrallah imagery.","White t-shirt with black graphic.","White t-shirt with black graphic and colors of Irish flag.","White t-shirt with terrorist organization logos on the back.","Black t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","White t-shirt.","Maroon t-shirt. Made by Sirtaj Hosiery in Peshawar, Pakistan.","The series includes materials related to Dennis Pluchinsky's teaching, research, and scholarship. Many of the titled papers dated from 2007 to 2015 are research papers and commentaries presented by Pluchinsky at the National Intelligence Council's (NIC) Intelligence Community Associates Program.","Presented at the 9/11 Anniversary Conference in Arlington, Virginia."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. Staff have taken special care to identify and remove classified and privacy protected information (PPI) found within this collection. However, in rare instances, PPI may be revealed during use of this collection. Researchers agree to make no notes or other recordation of PPI if found within this collection, and further agree not to publish or disclose such information for any purpose. Researchers agree to alert Special Collections staff if potentially privacy protected information is found within this collection. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_9f386e50bbf17c5694f336da534cb182\"\u003eThe collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection comprises communiqués, unclassified government documents, serial publications, news articles, photographs, printed and three-dimensional ephemera, and the donor's scholarship related to global terrorism and counterterrorism. The materials in this collection were created and collected by Dennis Pluchinsky over the course of the career as a senior intelligence analyst and professor."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah","Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Rote Armee Fraktion","Brigate rosse","Qaida (Organization)","Epanastatikē Organōsē 17 Noemvrē","Hayastani Azatagrutʻyan Hay Gaghtni Banak","Tamil̲īl̲a Viṭutalaippulikaḷ (Association)","Irish Republican Army","Devrimci Halk Kurtuluş Partisi-Cephesi","Devrimci Sol (Group)","ETA (Organization)","Action directe (Terrorist group : France)","Nihon Sekigun","Cellules Communistes Combattantes (Belgium)","GRAPO","Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê","Hizballah (Lebanon)","New People's Army (Philippines)","Ejército de Liberación Nacional (Colombia)","Ḥarakat al-Muqāwamah al-Islāmīyah","Front de libération nationale de la Corse","Epanastatikos Laikos Agōnas","Irish National Liberation Army","Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia","Tanẓīm al-Jihād al-Islāmī (Organization)","Moro Islamic Liberation Front","Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan","IS (Organization)","Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional","Justice Commandos against Armenian Genocide","Ushtria C̨lirimtare e Kosovës","Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Mexico)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Revolutionäre Zellen","Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)","Jabhah al-Shaʻbīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn-al-Qiyādah al-ʻĀmmah","Ejército Popular Revolucionario (Mexico)","Bewegung 2. Juni (Organization : Germany)","National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of War","Jamaah Islamiyah (Indonesia)","Türkiye Komünist Partisi/Marksist-Leninist","Ḥarakat al-Jihād al-Islāmī fī Filasṭīn","Forças Populares 25 de Abril","Animal Liberation Front","Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)","Front për Bashkimin Kombëtar Shqiptar","Nepāla Kamyunishṭa Pārṭī (Māovādī)","Jabhah al-Dīmuqrāṭīyah li-Taḥrīr Filasṭīn","Front de libération de l'enclave du Cabinda","Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia","Katāʼib ʻIzz al-Dīn al-Qassām","Earth Liberation Front","Sendero Luminoso (Guerrilla group)","Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad","Olympic Games, 20th  (1972 :) (Munich, Germany))","Munaẓẓamat al-Taḥrīr al-Filasṭīnīyah"],"names_coll_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A."],"persname_ssim":["Pluchinsky, Dennis A.","Schleyer, Hanns-Martin, 1915-1977","Neusel, Hans","Shevardnadze, Ė. A. (Ėduard Amvrosievich), 1928-2014","Carlos, the Jackal (1949)","Bush, George (George Herbert Walker), 1924-2018","Abu-Jamal, Mumia (1954-04-24)","Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011"],"language_ssim":["English \n,        German \n,        French \n,        Spanish; Castilian \n,        Greek, Modern (1453-) \n,        Arabic \n,        Italian \n,        Armenian \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":285,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:22:14.908Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_761_c01_c06"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c06","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Loom","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c06#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c06","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c06"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c06","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Carol Barton papers","Projects and research"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Carol Barton papers","Projects and research"],"text":["Carol Barton papers","Projects and research","Loom"],"title_filing_ssi":"Loom","title_ssm":["Loom"],"title_tesim":["Loom"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Loom"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Barton papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":2,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":65,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#5","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:18:57.997Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_638","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_638.xml","title_ssm":["Carol Barton papers"],"title_tesim":["Carol Barton papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1973-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1973-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638"],"text":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638","Carol Barton papers","Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","In addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage.","The collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition,  Miliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop , has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.","Printed Materials, 1973-2015 Projects and Research, 1975-2012 Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013 2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020","Grace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.","Barton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.","National Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton.","Carol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as  Books \u0026 Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book  (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks,  The Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark , which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000,  Vision Shifts ,  Instructions for Assembly , and  Tunnel Map  are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026 Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book,  Everyday Road Signs .","In 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court.","The papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work","Material groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.","Duplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained.","Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections.","The Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.","Series 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.","Throughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals:  The Bone Folder  (2000 \u0026 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton),  The Smithsonian Associates  (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\",  Valley Art Association Newsletter  (May-June 1999), and  The Washington Print Club Quarterly  (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.","Barton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as  The Washington Times ,  New York Times ,  Smithsonian Associates , and  Boston Globe .","Series 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research.  Instructions for Assembly  (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials.  Vision Shifts  (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs.  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark  (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for  The Lookout . As well, the book  La Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale  served as direct inspiration for  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark . Barton's first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), contains hand cut master sheets.  Everyday Road Signs  (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of  Separations , sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page.  Loom  (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print.  Tunnel Map  (1988) contains planning for  Map #1 Europe/Africa/Asia  in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for  Tunnel Map  include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.","Researchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.","Prototypes of  Pocket Paper Engineer Volume 3  are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"","Barton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in:  Visual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B ,  Art on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books ,  Orihon \u0026 More: Books By Artists ,  Under Cover: Book Arts ,  Beyond Reading ,  [Book] Art: Handmade Books ,  Book For[u]ms ,  The Pocket Paper Engineer , Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and  Mining the Lloyd .","Series 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.","The series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book  Land Forms and Air Currents .","\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon","Numbered 5/26.","Numerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings.  Ker-Bloom! , a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged.","The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Barton, Carol June, 1954-","English"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0274","/repositories/4/resources/638"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carol Barton papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carol Barton papers"],"collection_ssim":["Carol Barton papers"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"creator_ssm":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creator_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"creators_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated by Carol Barton on March 23, 2017. Manuscript material was also received as part of a 2015 acquisition of Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of pop-up and artists' books. That material was incorporated into this collection. Barton made an additional donation of materials in October 2022 (accessioned in 2023)."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Artists' books","Pop-up books","Toy and movable books","Paper work","Cut-out craft","Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["7.47 cubic feet 20 boxes, 1 flat file"],"extent_tesim":["7.47 cubic feet 20 boxes, 1 flat file"],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts (documents)","Letters (correspondence)","exhibition catalogs","Printed Ephemera","Promotional materials","Newspaper clippings","Prototypes (object genre)","Movable books"],"date_range_isim":[1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage.\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal Note"],"appraisal_tesim":["In addition to analog manuscript material, Carol Barton transferred three digital audio files of podcasts on which she had been a guest including Santa Fe Radio Café (March 17, 2008), Book Artists and Poets (July 15, 2009), and Beyond the Page: Carol Barton's Art and Influence: a podcast with Carol Barton and the Nashville Public Library. These files were not retained and not incorporated into the collection. Select items were discarded from the collection due to preservation concerns, deterioration, duplicates, or preexisting damage."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMiliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop\u003c/emph\u003e, has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003ePrinted Materials, 1973-2015\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eProjects and Research, 1975-2012\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eEphemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into four series. In the 'Exhibition Catalogs, 1993 (folder 2 of 2)', a digital floppy disk of Barton's exhibition,  Miliseconds to Milennia: The Art of Time, Hand Workshop , has been placed in this folder. The floppy disk is a copy of an old Word Perfect file.","Printed Materials, 1973-2015 Projects and Research, 1975-2012 Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013 2023-0404 Accession, 2009-2020"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eGrace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eBarton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref\u003eNational Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton.\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Grace Barth, Liana Bayne, and Caroline Hamby. \"History of Pop-up and Movable Books, About This Exhibit.\" Carol Barton Collection, JMU Special Collections. Accessed September, 2018, https://omeka.lib.jmu.edu/specialcollections/exhibits/show/carol-barton/about.","Barton, Carol. \"Popular Kinetics Press.\" Accessed September, 2018. https://www.popularkinetics.com/.","National Museum of Women. \"About the Artist, Carol Barton\". Accessed September 2018. https://nmwa.org/explore/artist-profiles/carol-june-barton."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBooks \u0026amp; Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book\u003c/emph\u003e (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e, which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVision Shifts\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eInstructions for Assembly\u003c/emph\u003e, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026amp; Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond the Page\u003c/emph\u003e (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEveryday Road Signs\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carol Barton, born on June 3, 1954 in St. Louis, Missouri, is an accomplished book artist, paper engineer, educator, and curator who has exhibited internationally (The Smithsonian Institution, Library of Congress, Museum of Modern Art, Victoria and Albert Museum in London) and has curated shows such as  Books \u0026 Bookends: Science and the Artist's Book  (Smithsonian). Inspired by reading, historical references, functional objects, architecture, and other artists' book, Barton is best known for her interactive workbooks,  The Pocket Paper Engineer. Five Luminous Towers: Books to Read in the Dark , which was awarded the Bogliasco Fellowship in 2000,  Vision Shifts ,  Instructions for Assembly , and  Tunnel Map  are other major works. A graduate of Washington University School of Fine Arts (1976), Barton has served as a faculty member at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the Corcoran College of Art \u0026 Design and has taught at the elementary and high school level. In 1977, Barton moved to Washington D.C. to work for the Glen Echo Park Arts Center. Through her time there and through the promotion of artists' books by local art group, The Writer's Center, Barton learned pre-press skills that allowed her to print her own work. She was later offered a small grant to produce her own artists' books. Having grown up as the daughter of a diesel engine mechanic, Barton's love for structural and mechanical elements was formed as she grew up building and playing with construction games and tinker toys. Movable books, better known as pop-ups, were not a part of her childhood. However, after the success of her first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), Barton began a two year study of pop-up and movable books at the Dibner Rare Book Library and the Library of Congress to find early examples of dimensional and movable books. This research most likely resulted in her 1988 publication of her tunnel book,  Everyday Road Signs .","In 1992, Barton served as James Madison University's first Wampler Visiting Professor of Fine Art and has intermittently served as a visiting artist and professor. JMU Libraries acquired Barton's collection of artists' and movable books in 2015, and in March 2017 Barton returned to JMU as a guest lecturer for the Carrier Library Special Collections Speaker Series. The event was marked with Barton discussing her career and work; as well as, facilitating a book arts workshop with the Intermediate book arts students, and ending with a public lecture and reception in the Duke Hall Gallery Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, SC 0274, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, SC 0274, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterial groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The papers were originally stored in 14 boxes and 2 oversize file folders. Upon acquisition the collection did not have a specified arrangement. The collection is arranged based on like materials and topics. Items that were not pertinent to the collection such as duplicates or papers not pertaining to Carol Barton were discarded. In some cases only representative samples of materials were retained that best exemplify Barton's work","Material groupings and the bulk of the folder titles were supplied by the donor.","Duplicate copies of printed materials already held by Special Collections were not retained."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Carol Barton's personal and teaching collection of movable books and artists' books, which were acquired separately from her papers, are cataloged individually and are housed in the James Madison University's Special Collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bone Folder\u003c/emph\u003e (2000 \u0026amp; 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton), \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Smithsonian Associates\u003c/emph\u003e (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\", \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eValley Art Association Newsletter\u003c/emph\u003e (May-June 1999), and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Washington Print Club Quarterly\u003c/emph\u003e (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Washington Times\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Times\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSmithsonian Associates\u003c/emph\u003e, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Globe\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eInstructions for Assembly\u003c/emph\u003e (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVision Shifts\u003c/emph\u003e (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFive Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Lookout\u003c/emph\u003e. As well, the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLa Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale\u003c/emph\u003e served as direct inspiration for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFive Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark\u003c/emph\u003e. Barton's first book, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond the Page\u003c/emph\u003e (1981), contains hand cut master sheets. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEveryday Road Signs\u003c/emph\u003e (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSeparations\u003c/emph\u003e, sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLoom\u003c/emph\u003e (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e (1988) contains planning for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMap #1 Europe/Africa/Asia\u003c/emph\u003e in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTunnel Map\u003c/emph\u003e include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePrototypes of \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003ePocket Paper Engineer Volume 3\u003c/emph\u003e are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in: \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eVisual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eArt on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eOrihon \u0026amp; More: Books By Artists\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eUnder Cover: Book Arts\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBeyond Reading\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e[Book] Art: Handmade Books\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBook For[u]ms\u003c/emph\u003e, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Pocket Paper Engineer\u003c/emph\u003e, Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eMining the Lloyd\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eLand Forms and Air Currents\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNumbered 5/26.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carol Barton Papers, 1973-2020, include catalogues, letters, printed materials, journals, special publications, interviews, artist statements, artist projects, and project plans throughout the donor's career. The collection includes teaching tools, personal research, practice and planning, and commemoration of events in which Barton participated.","Series 1: Printed Materials, 1973-2015, comprises various exhibition catalogs, book catalogs, gallery cards, articles, journals, interviews, artist statements and pamphlets for workshops that Barton taught.","Throughout her career, Carol Barton has been celebrated in numerous articles and journals:  The Bone Folder  (2000 \u0026 2009), \"Surface: New Form/New Function\" (review by Carol Barton),  The Smithsonian Associates  (August 2001), \"Ancient Sichuan's Artistic Treasures\",  Valley Art Association Newsletter  (May-June 1999), and  The Washington Print Club Quarterly  (Barton is featured on pages 6-9) are examples included within the Carol Barton Papers.","Barton has also been referenced in newspaper articles, online publications, and reviews such as  The Washington Times ,  New York Times ,  Smithsonian Associates , and  Boston Globe .","Series 2: Projects and Research, 1975-2012, contains Barton's professional projects, project planning, and items used for project research.  Instructions for Assembly  (1993) contains process plans, mock-ups, instructions, patents used for inspiration, and process materials.  Vision Shifts  (1998) contains process plans, mock-ups, large scale prints, and photographs.  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark  (2001) includes sample pieces, planning materials, and templates for  The Lookout . As well, the book  La Torre e le Carceri di Palazzo Ducale  served as direct inspiration for  Five Luminous Towers: A Book to Read in the Dark . Barton's first book,  Beyond the Page  (1981), contains hand cut master sheets.  Everyday Road Signs  (1988) contains a prototype of the book's binding, planning for the first five pages of  Separations , sample material for page six, negatives, text copy for the opening page, and print prototypes for a page.  Loom  (1989) contains design prototypes, steel plates, and text copy and print.  Tunnel Map  (1988) contains planning for  Map #1 Europe/Africa/Asia  in a blue separation, page design plans, book cover design plans, and the first set of unused map film originals. Page design plans for  Tunnel Map  include: page 2 for North/South America, page 3 for Africa/Europe, page 4 for North/South America, page 5 for North/South America and Africa/Europe, and page 6 for Africa/Europe and North/South America.","Researchers should note that dates for Carol Barton's plans/prototypes are approximate and based on the year the specific project was published.","Prototypes of  Pocket Paper Engineer Volume 3  are housed with a related promotional poster. The poster is for \"a visiting artist lecture sponsored by the MFA Book Arts/Printmaking Program at the University of the Arts (Philadelphia).\"","Barton has also been referenced in promotional materials regarding her work in:  Visual Icons, Small Works: The Gallery at Studio B ,  Art on the Page: A Selection of Artists' Books ,  Orihon \u0026 More: Books By Artists ,  Under Cover: Book Arts ,  Beyond Reading ,  [Book] Art: Handmade Books ,  Book For[u]ms ,  The Pocket Paper Engineer , Washington University Libraries Special Collections, and  Mining the Lloyd .","Series 3: Ephemera and Personal Papers, 1979-2013, contains personal papers and ephemera Barton received and collected over the course of her career. Her personal papers include correspondence between friends, colleagues, students, and galleries. The ephemeral items include awards and items of personal interests such as flip-books, magnets, promotional pop-ups, etc.","The series primarily comprises proofs, prototypes, draft components, and pre-production materials for Barton's 2014 artists' book  Land Forms and Air Currents .","\"Land Forms and Air Currents' was produced over the course of the years 2012 through 2014. Original artworks were done in gouache and watercolor, then scanned and adjusted in Adobe Photoshop. Layout was done using Adobe InDesign, and an edition of 25 copies was produced on an Epson Photo R2880 printer. Pop-up forms were cut using a Silhouette Cameo cutter and were hand-assembled by the artist. Fonts in the book are Verlag Book and Bell MT. Papers are Strathmore acid-free 100 lb. bristol and Strathmore acid-free 80 lb. drawing\"--Colophon","Numbered 5/26."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNumerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eKer-Bloom!\u003c/emph\u003e, a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Numerous books, artists' books, toys, and publications were pulled from the collection, cataloged individually, and added to Special Collections' rare book holdings.  Ker-Bloom! , a series of art publications, were also separated and cataloged."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2d8e790c8752baf58256cbedb902ee64\"\u003eThe Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Carol Barton Papers contain printed materials, letters, brochures, and primary materials as well as items that document professional endeavors, artistic processes, and personal items of book artist, paper engineer, teacher, and curator, Carol Barton."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections"],"names_coll_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-","Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"persname_ssim":["Barton, Carol June, 1954-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":162,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:18:57.997Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_638_c02_c06"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506_c05","type":"Subgroup","attributes":{"title":"Madison College","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_506_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506_c05","ref_ssm":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_506_c05"],"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506_c05","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506","parent_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506","parent_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_506"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vihart_repositories_4_resources_506"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Facilities Management Architectural Drawings"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Facilities Management Architectural Drawings"],"text":["Facilities Management Architectural Drawings","Madison College","Madison College","Virginia. State Planning Board"],"title_filing_ssi":"Madison College","title_ssm":["Madison College"],"title_tesim":["Madison College"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1940"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Madison College"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"collection_ssim":["Facilities Management Architectural Drawings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"level_ssm":["Subgroup"],"level_ssim":["Subgroup"],"sort_isi":48,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"date_range_isim":[1940],"names_ssim":["Madison College","Virginia. State Planning Board"],"corpname_ssim":["Madison College","Virginia. State Planning Board","Virginia. State Planning Board","Virginia. State Planning Board"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:21:32.588Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_506","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_506.xml","title_ssm":["Facilities Management Architectural Drawings"],"title_tesim":["Facilities Management Architectural Drawings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1914-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 0047","/repositories/4/resources/506"],"text":["UA 0047","/repositories/4/resources/506","Facilities Management Architectural Drawings","Education, Higher -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Architecture -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Maps (documents)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Floor plans (orthographic projections)","Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by the building name listed on the drawing and then separated by material type. Items that are undersized or of a fragile nature are housed in subfolders.","Dingledine, Raymond C. Madison College: The First Fifty Years, 1908-1958. Harrisonburg, VA.:  James Madison University, 1959.","James Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration - Major Buildings.\" Accessed 2010. http://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/major_buildings.shtml.","Jones, Nancy Bondurant. Rooted on Bluestone Hill: A History of James Madison University. Santa Fe and Staunton, Va.: Center for American Places, 2004. ","Due to the nature of this collection, a historical note is not applicable. Patrons are encouraged to refer to the bibliography for further historical information pertaining to specific James Madison University campus buildings included in the collection. The Harrisonburg High School (now Memorial Hall) drawings became property of James Madison University after the university purchased the high school in 2006.","This collection was previously titled: JMU Architectural Drawings Collection, 1914-1983 and numbered FM 2006-1207. In 2018, all rolled drawings were flattened and placed in a map case with the rest of the collection.","Facilities Management Architectural Drawings, 1914-1983, are comprised of blueprints, pencil tracings, and linen drawings of various JMU buildings, their corresponding mechanical systems, floor plans, and campus grounds. The collection contains architectural plans of Alumnae Hall, Dormitory #5, Harrisonburg High School (currently Memorial Hall), the Home Economics Building (currently Moody Hall), Miller Hall, the Practice House (currently Varner House), the Students' Building (currently Harrison Hall), and topographic drawings of Madison College. The plans were created on four different surfaces: pencil on linen, ink on linen, pencil on tracing paper, and carbon copy paper.","Material Type: ink on linen","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: tracing, pencil","Material Type: tracing, pencil","Architect: L. W. L.\nMaterial Type: tracing, pencil","Material Type: tracing, pencil","Material Type: tracing, pencil","Architect: L. W. L.\nMaterial Type: tracing, pencil","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Architect: Walford and Wright\nMaterial Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: tracing, pencil","Material Type: tracing, pencil","Architect: Comm. Virginia...Section of Institutional Engineering\nMaterial Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: linen, pencil","Material Type: linen, pencil","Material Type: linen, pencil","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Material Type: blueprint","Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The Facilities Management Architectural Drawings 1914-1983, are comprised of blue prints, pencil tracings, and linen drawings of various James Madison University buildings, their corresponding mechanical systems, and campus grounds.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","James Madison University -- History","Madison College -- History","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- History","James Madison University -- Buildings","Madison College -- Buildings","State Teachers College at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Buildings","State Normal School for Women at Harrisonburg (Harrisonburg, Va.) -- Buildings","Harrisonburg High School","American Heating and Ventilating Company","Walford \u0026 Wright (firm)","Davis \u0026 Associates (firm)","Madison College","Virginia. State Planning Board","Robinson, Chas. M. (Charles Morrison), 1867-1932","McClintock, Clyde E. (Clyde Edmund), 1929-2012","Davis, D'Earcy P., Jr. (D'Earcy Paul), 1917-1990","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 0047","/repositories/4/resources/506"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Facilities Management Architectural Drawings"],"collection_title_tesim":["Facilities Management Architectural Drawings"],"collection_ssim":["Facilities Management Architectural Drawings"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Transferred from JMU's Facilities Management Engineering Department in 2006."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Education, Higher -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Architecture -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Maps (documents)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Floor plans (orthographic projections)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Education, Higher -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Architecture -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","Maps (documents)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Floor plans (orthographic projections)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 cubic feet 2 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 cubic feet 2 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Floor plans (orthographic projections)"],"date_range_isim":[1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by the building name listed on the drawing and then separated by material type. 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Santa Fe and Staunton, Va.: Center for American Places, 2004. \u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Dingledine, Raymond C. Madison College: The First Fifty Years, 1908-1958. Harrisonburg, VA.:  James Madison University, 1959.","James Madison University. \"JMU Centennial Celebration - Major Buildings.\" Accessed 2010. http://www.jmu.edu/centennialcelebration/major_buildings.shtml.","Jones, Nancy Bondurant. Rooted on Bluestone Hill: A History of James Madison University. Santa Fe and Staunton, Va.: Center for American Places, 2004. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDue to the nature of this collection, a historical note is not applicable. Patrons are encouraged to refer to the bibliography for further historical information pertaining to specific James Madison University campus buildings included in the collection. The Harrisonburg High School (now Memorial Hall) drawings became property of James Madison University after the university purchased the high school in 2006.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Due to the nature of this collection, a historical note is not applicable. Patrons are encouraged to refer to the bibliography for further historical information pertaining to specific James Madison University campus buildings included in the collection. The Harrisonburg High School (now Memorial Hall) drawings became property of James Madison University after the university purchased the high school in 2006."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Facilities Management Architectural Drawings, 1914-1983, UA 0047, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Facilities Management Architectural Drawings, 1914-1983, UA 0047, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was previously titled: JMU Architectural Drawings Collection, 1914-1983 and numbered FM 2006-1207. In 2018, all rolled drawings were flattened and placed in a map case with the rest of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was previously titled: JMU Architectural Drawings Collection, 1914-1983 and numbered FM 2006-1207. In 2018, all rolled drawings were flattened and placed in a map case with the rest of the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFacilities Management Architectural Drawings, 1914-1983, are comprised of blueprints, pencil tracings, and linen drawings of various JMU buildings, their corresponding mechanical systems, floor plans, and campus grounds. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright for materials authored or otherwise produced as official business of James Madison University is retained by James Madison University. Copyright status for other collection materials is unknown. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by U.S. Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.C.) beyond that allowed by fair use requires the written permission of the copyright owners. Works not in the public domain cannot be commercially exploited without permission of the copyright owners. Responsibility for any use rests exclusively with the user. 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