{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Thomas+Balch+Library\u0026page=11","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Thomas+Balch+Library\u0026page=10","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Thomas+Balch+Library\u0026page=12","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Thomas+Balch+Library\u0026page=54"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":11,"next_page":12,"prev_page":10,"total_pages":54,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":100,"total_count":538,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00194_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"box 1, [title not supplied]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00194_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00194_c01","ref_ssm":["viletbl_viletbl00194_c01"],"id":"viletbl_viletbl00194_c01","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00194","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00194","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00194","parent_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00194","parent_ssim":["Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viletbl_viletbl00194"],"title_filing_ssi":"box 1, [title not supplied]","title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"title_tesim":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"text":["box 1, [title not supplied]","Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"collection_ssim":["Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":4,"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00194","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00194","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00194","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00194","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00194.xml","title_ssm":["Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011"],"title_tesim":["Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011"],"text":["Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011","M 069, ART 0001","Box: Folder","A symbolic term for numerous routes used to escape slavery during the first half of the 19th Century, the Underground Railroad was a clandestine network of safe places and willing participants who aided with the dangerous journey to freedom. \"Conductors\" or guides led escaping slaves between places of refuge, also known as \"stations.\"  Often, those seeking freedom were required to make portions of the journey unaccompanied. Adding to the danger faced by all involved were the Fugitive Slave Acts, originally passed in 1790's and expanded throughout the first fifty years of the 19th century that enabled the capture and re-enslavement of fugitives in the North, and later, the punishment of any assisting slaves in attempted escape. To communicate necessary instructions and aid in maintaining the safety of the network, a number of systems of codes and symbols were created and used to identify places of safety and point out the right path to travelers.","One system, passed down through oral tradition, was the use of quilt patterns to provide directions and to issue important advice to escaping slaves. Due to a long quilting tradition among enslaved and free African Americans, quilts for personal and family use were already a medium for artistic expression and the communication of tradition, and were easily adapted for the transmission of symbols or mathematical codes. Although the ephemeral nature of quilts and the difficulty of locating and identifying quilts made by slaves for personal use make documentation difficult, some oral tradition and existing examples of quilts used along the Underground Railroad survive into the present.  First discussed in-depth by historians Jacqueline L. Tobin and Raymond G. Dobard in their 1999 work Hidden in Plain View: the Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad, the extent and use of specific patterns remains controversial due to the scarcity of documentation.","The patterns included in The Underground Railroad Quilt created by Debra Pettit in 2011 collected here, depict those passed down via oral tradition to Charleston, South Carolina quilt maker Ozella McDaniel Williams (1922 - 1998) and recorded by Tobin and Dobard in the mid-1990s. Recording one set of symbols in the order they may have been used, the explanation of the traditional meaning of each symbol also documents the thought processes and experiences of the Underground Railroad as escaping slaves may have encountered them along the journey to freedom.","This collection consists of one 36 x 36 inch, sixteen panel quilt created by Debra Pettit of Leesburg, VA in 2011. It also contains three folders of related information, including an explanation of the history and symbolism of quilts in the iconography of the Underground Railroad; a copy of an explanatory panel from the quilt; and photographs of the ceremony during which the quilt was presented to the Thomas Balch Library in 2011.  Fifteen of the panels depict quilt patterns used to communicate messages along different points of the journey north to freedom; the sixteenth panel provides a textual explanation of each pattern.","This collection consists of one 36 x 36 inch, sixteen panel quilt created by Debra Pettit of Leesburg, VA in 2011. It also contains three folders of related information, including an explanation of the history and symbolism of quilts in the iconography of the Underground Railroad; a copy of an explanatory panel from the quilt; and photographs of the ceremony during which the quilt was presented to the Thomas Balch Library in 2011.  Fifteen of the panels depict quilt patterns used to communicate messages along different points of the journey north to freedom; the sixteenth panel provides a textual explanation of each pattern.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011"],"collection_ssim":["Underground Railroad Quilt Collection\n2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 069, ART 0001"],"unitid_tesim":["M 069, ART 0001"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Debra Pettit, Leesburg, VA"],"creator_ssim":["Debra Pettit, Leesburg, VA"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Debra Pettit, Leesburg, VA"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox: Folder\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Box: Folder"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA symbolic term for numerous routes used to escape slavery during the first half of the 19th Century, the Underground Railroad was a clandestine network of safe places and willing participants who aided with the dangerous journey to freedom. \"Conductors\" or guides led escaping slaves between places of refuge, also known as \"stations.\"  Often, those seeking freedom were required to make portions of the journey unaccompanied. Adding to the danger faced by all involved were the Fugitive Slave Acts, originally passed in 1790's and expanded throughout the first fifty years of the 19th century that enabled the capture and re-enslavement of fugitives in the North, and later, the punishment of any assisting slaves in attempted escape. To communicate necessary instructions and aid in maintaining the safety of the network, a number of systems of codes and symbols were created and used to identify places of safety and point out the right path to travelers. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOne system, passed down through oral tradition, was the use of quilt patterns to provide directions and to issue important advice to escaping slaves. Due to a long quilting tradition among enslaved and free African Americans, quilts for personal and family use were already a medium for artistic expression and the communication of tradition, and were easily adapted for the transmission of symbols or mathematical codes. Although the ephemeral nature of quilts and the difficulty of locating and identifying quilts made by slaves for personal use make documentation difficult, some oral tradition and existing examples of quilts used along the Underground Railroad survive into the present.  First discussed in-depth by historians Jacqueline L. Tobin and Raymond G. Dobard in their 1999 work \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHidden in Plain View: the Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad\u003c/title\u003e, the extent and use of specific patterns remains controversial due to the scarcity of documentation.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe patterns included in The Underground Railroad Quilt created by Debra Pettit in 2011 collected here, depict those passed down via oral tradition to Charleston, South Carolina quilt maker Ozella McDaniel Williams (1922 - 1998) and recorded by Tobin and Dobard in the mid-1990s. Recording one set of symbols in the order they may have been used, the explanation of the traditional meaning of each symbol also documents the thought processes and experiences of the Underground Railroad as escaping slaves may have encountered them along the journey to freedom. \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["A symbolic term for numerous routes used to escape slavery during the first half of the 19th Century, the Underground Railroad was a clandestine network of safe places and willing participants who aided with the dangerous journey to freedom. \"Conductors\" or guides led escaping slaves between places of refuge, also known as \"stations.\"  Often, those seeking freedom were required to make portions of the journey unaccompanied. Adding to the danger faced by all involved were the Fugitive Slave Acts, originally passed in 1790's and expanded throughout the first fifty years of the 19th century that enabled the capture and re-enslavement of fugitives in the North, and later, the punishment of any assisting slaves in attempted escape. To communicate necessary instructions and aid in maintaining the safety of the network, a number of systems of codes and symbols were created and used to identify places of safety and point out the right path to travelers.","One system, passed down through oral tradition, was the use of quilt patterns to provide directions and to issue important advice to escaping slaves. Due to a long quilting tradition among enslaved and free African Americans, quilts for personal and family use were already a medium for artistic expression and the communication of tradition, and were easily adapted for the transmission of symbols or mathematical codes. Although the ephemeral nature of quilts and the difficulty of locating and identifying quilts made by slaves for personal use make documentation difficult, some oral tradition and existing examples of quilts used along the Underground Railroad survive into the present.  First discussed in-depth by historians Jacqueline L. Tobin and Raymond G. Dobard in their 1999 work Hidden in Plain View: the Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad, the extent and use of specific patterns remains controversial due to the scarcity of documentation.","The patterns included in The Underground Railroad Quilt created by Debra Pettit in 2011 collected here, depict those passed down via oral tradition to Charleston, South Carolina quilt maker Ozella McDaniel Williams (1922 - 1998) and recorded by Tobin and Dobard in the mid-1990s. Recording one set of symbols in the order they may have been used, the explanation of the traditional meaning of each symbol also documents the thought processes and experiences of the Underground Railroad as escaping slaves may have encountered them along the journey to freedom."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of one 36 x 36 inch, sixteen panel quilt created by Debra Pettit of Leesburg, VA in 2011. It also contains three folders of related information, including an explanation of the history and symbolism of quilts in the iconography of the Underground Railroad; a copy of an explanatory panel from the quilt; and photographs of the ceremony during which the quilt was presented to the Thomas Balch Library in 2011.  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Fifteen of the panels depict quilt patterns used to communicate messages along different points of the journey north to freedom; the sixteenth panel provides a textual explanation of each pattern."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of one 36 x 36 inch, sixteen panel quilt created by Debra Pettit of Leesburg, VA in 2011. It also contains three folders of related information, including an explanation of the history and symbolism of quilts in the iconography of the Underground Railroad; a copy of an explanatory panel from the quilt; and photographs of the ceremony during which the quilt was presented to the Thomas Balch Library in 2011.  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He lived in Loudoun County for his whole life, spending most of his time in the Southern District, in the areas around Mountville and Middleburg. He married Susan Rhodes, also of Loudoun County, and had nine children. Jackson died on July 6, 1866 and was buried in Union Cemetery in Leesburg.","Jackson made a living in a variety of ways. He held a position in the Goose Creek and Little River Navigation Company in 1839. The incorporated company attempted to make Goose Creek and the Little River, both major waterways in Loudoun County, useful as highways. Jackson also owned interest in a mill on Goose Creek near Snickersville Turnpike and Mountville, and registered a patent on a machine for winnowing grain in 1841. He is listed as a millwright in the 1850 census. Jackson's primary source of occupation over the years, however, was as surveyor. As an independent surveyor, he regularly surveyed parcels involved in land transactions. He also worked as a Commissioner in Chancery for the Chancery Court of Loudoun County. A commissioner could be appointed to relieve the court of dealing with the more complicated and technical details involved in the settling of cases. Jackson would survey land in dispute or parcels of land to be divided among heirs for the court, for instance. He then submitted copies of the completed surveys to the court or to the individuals who requested the surveys, and collected his fees. Jackson maintained clean copies of his surveys in personal survey books. These books contain the descriptions of parcels of land in Loudoun County, but contain few plats or drawings.","As one of the original thirteen colonies, Virginia's land was not surveyed in accordance with the Public Land Survey System. That system is a mathematically designed system of surveying, and has been in place in the United States since the passage of the Land Ordinance of 1785. Virginia was originally surveyed using the British system of metes and bounds, or descriptions of property lines based on markers. The markers were often topographical, but could be natural, manmade, or created specifically for the purpose of marking a boundary.","This collection contains one survey book and one fifty foot measuring tape in a leather and brass case. The volume contains 85 surveys from the years 1860-1861 and 1864-1866, as well as a list of surveys. The list contains only the last names of the entities involved in the land transactions, and are arranged chronologically. There are plats included in the volume, though not for every survey. The surveys performed as a commissioner in chancery also include a list of fees Jackson charged. The volume was rebound by Jackson's great-grandson, Asa Jackson Dulin, and it is his name that appears on the cover.","This collection contains one survey book and one fifty foot measuring tape in a leather and brass case. The volume contains 85 surveys from the years 1860-1861 and 1864-1866, as well as a list of surveys. The list contains only the last names of the entities involved in the land transactions, and are arranged chronologically. There are plats included in the volume, though not for every survey. The surveys performed as a commissioner in chancery also include a list of fees Jackson charged. The volume was rebound by Jackson's great-grandson, Asa Jackson Dulin, and it is his name that appears on the cover.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Asa Jackson Collection\n1860-1866"],"collection_ssim":["Asa Jackson Collection\n1860-1866"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 072, ART 0002"],"unitid_tesim":["M 072, ART 0002"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Dorothy von Briesen, Sykesville, MD."],"creator_ssim":["Dorothy von Briesen, Sykesville, MD."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Dorothy von Briesen, Sykesville, MD."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox: Folder\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Box: Folder"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAsa Jackson was born between 1795 and 1800 in Loudoun County, Virginia to Eura (Newhouse) and John Jackson. He lived in Loudoun County for his whole life, spending most of his time in the Southern District, in the areas around Mountville and Middleburg. He married Susan Rhodes, also of Loudoun County, and had nine children. Jackson died on July 6, 1866 and was buried in Union Cemetery in Leesburg.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eJackson made a living in a variety of ways. He held a position in the Goose Creek and Little River Navigation Company in 1839. The incorporated company attempted to make Goose Creek and the Little River, both major waterways in Loudoun County, useful as highways. Jackson also owned interest in a mill on Goose Creek near Snickersville Turnpike and Mountville, and registered a patent on a machine for winnowing grain in 1841. He is listed as a millwright in the 1850 census. Jackson's primary source of occupation over the years, however, was as surveyor. As an independent surveyor, he regularly surveyed parcels involved in land transactions. He also worked as a Commissioner in Chancery for the Chancery Court of Loudoun County. A commissioner could be appointed to relieve the court of dealing with the more complicated and technical details involved in the settling of cases. Jackson would survey land in dispute or parcels of land to be divided among heirs for the court, for instance. He then submitted copies of the completed surveys to the court or to the individuals who requested the surveys, and collected his fees. Jackson maintained clean copies of his surveys in personal survey books. These books contain the descriptions of parcels of land in Loudoun County, but contain few plats or drawings.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eAs one of the original thirteen colonies, Virginia's land was not surveyed in accordance with the Public Land Survey System. That system is a mathematically designed system of surveying, and has been in place in the United States since the passage of the Land Ordinance of 1785. Virginia was originally surveyed using the British system of metes and bounds, or descriptions of property lines based on markers. The markers were often topographical, but could be natural, manmade, or created specifically for the purpose of marking a boundary.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Asa Jackson was born between 1795 and 1800 in Loudoun County, Virginia to Eura (Newhouse) and John Jackson. He lived in Loudoun County for his whole life, spending most of his time in the Southern District, in the areas around Mountville and Middleburg. He married Susan Rhodes, also of Loudoun County, and had nine children. Jackson died on July 6, 1866 and was buried in Union Cemetery in Leesburg.","Jackson made a living in a variety of ways. He held a position in the Goose Creek and Little River Navigation Company in 1839. The incorporated company attempted to make Goose Creek and the Little River, both major waterways in Loudoun County, useful as highways. Jackson also owned interest in a mill on Goose Creek near Snickersville Turnpike and Mountville, and registered a patent on a machine for winnowing grain in 1841. He is listed as a millwright in the 1850 census. Jackson's primary source of occupation over the years, however, was as surveyor. As an independent surveyor, he regularly surveyed parcels involved in land transactions. He also worked as a Commissioner in Chancery for the Chancery Court of Loudoun County. A commissioner could be appointed to relieve the court of dealing with the more complicated and technical details involved in the settling of cases. Jackson would survey land in dispute or parcels of land to be divided among heirs for the court, for instance. He then submitted copies of the completed surveys to the court or to the individuals who requested the surveys, and collected his fees. Jackson maintained clean copies of his surveys in personal survey books. These books contain the descriptions of parcels of land in Loudoun County, but contain few plats or drawings.","As one of the original thirteen colonies, Virginia's land was not surveyed in accordance with the Public Land Survey System. That system is a mathematically designed system of surveying, and has been in place in the United States since the passage of the Land Ordinance of 1785. Virginia was originally surveyed using the British system of metes and bounds, or descriptions of property lines based on markers. The markers were often topographical, but could be natural, manmade, or created specifically for the purpose of marking a boundary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains one survey book and one fifty foot measuring tape in a leather and brass case. The volume contains 85 surveys from the years 1860-1861 and 1864-1866, as well as a list of surveys. The list contains only the last names of the entities involved in the land transactions, and are arranged chronologically. There are plats included in the volume, though not for every survey. The surveys performed as a commissioner in chancery also include a list of fees Jackson charged. The volume was rebound by Jackson's great-grandson, Asa Jackson Dulin, and it is his name that appears on the cover.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains one survey book and one fifty foot measuring tape in a leather and brass case. 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The surveys performed as a commissioner in chancery also include a list of fees Jackson charged. The volume was rebound by Jackson's great-grandson, Asa Jackson Dulin, and it is his name that appears on the cover.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains one survey book and one fifty foot measuring tape in a leather and brass case. The volume contains 85 surveys from the years 1860-1861 and 1864-1866, as well as a list of surveys. The list contains only the last names of the entities involved in the land transactions, and are arranged chronologically. There are plats included in the volume, though not for every survey. The surveys performed as a commissioner in chancery also include a list of fees Jackson charged. The volume was rebound by Jackson's great-grandson, Asa Jackson Dulin, and it is his name that appears on the cover."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":3,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00195_c01"}},{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00198_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"box 1, [title not supplied]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00198_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00198_c01","ref_ssm":["viletbl_viletbl00198_c01"],"id":"viletbl_viletbl00198_c01","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00198","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00198","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00198","parent_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00198","parent_ssim":["Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viletbl_viletbl00198"],"title_filing_ssi":"box 1, [title not supplied]","title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"title_tesim":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"text":["box 1, [title not supplied]","Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"collection_ssim":["Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":6,"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00198","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00198","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00198","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00198","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00198.xml","title_ssm":["Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884"],"title_tesim":["Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884"],"text":["Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884","M 036","Folder","Yardley Taylor (1794-1863) lived in Goose Creek, now known as Lincoln, an area of Loudoun County populated largely by members of the Society of Friends. Taylor was a prominent Quaker and outspoken abolitionist. He was rumored to have helped several slaves escape Virginia, in violation of fugitive slave laws, and in 1824 served as the first president of the Loudoun Manumission and Emigration Society. His vocal opposition to slavery led one Loudoun County resident to publish a broadside against him, calling him the \"chief of the abolitionist clan in Loudoun\" and denouncing his anti-slavery actions as \"Monstrous!\"","Though Taylor worked as a letter carrier and professional horticulturalist, he is best known for his work as a surveyor and mapmaker. In 1853, he published a \"Map of Loudoun County, Virginia, from Actual Surveys\" and an accompanying Memoir of Loudoun County Virginia. The map identifies landowners, mills, and places of worship in addition to mapping watercourses and roads. Taylor's Memoir describes in great detail the physical features of Loudoun County, the value of its land and products, and comments at length about its population.","In addition to making maps, Taylor used his skills to produce land surveys for individuals. In Virginia, surveyors used the British system of metes and bounds for surveys, or descriptions of property lines based on markers. As he surveyed a parcel, Taylor recorded his measurements and the markers in a notebook; he would use the measurements to produce a completed survey for his client.","This collection consists of one land survey book and a photocopied version of the book. The survey book is bound in leather and measures 8 x 5 x 1.5 inches. It contains surveys from 1832-1882 along with an alphabetical index in the front. The surveys are metes and bounds descriptions and include no plats. Yardley Taylor began using this notebook in 1832. He died in 1863, but there are many surveys recorded in the book after that date. At a sale of his estate in 1870, Bernard Taylor purchased a \"surveyor's compass and etc.\" Although uncertain, it is possible that the purchase included Taylor's surveying notebook and that he was responsible for the later surveys. The notebook was certainly in Bernard Taylor's possession in 1884 when he sold it to Nathan T. Brown. Brown sold copies of the surveys for twenty-five cents, according to a note affixed to the front cover of the notebook.","This collection consists of one land survey book and a photocopied version of the book. The survey book is bound in leather and measures 8 x 5 x 1.5 inches. It contains surveys from 1832-1882 along with an alphabetical index in the front. The surveys are metes and bounds descriptions and include no plats.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884"],"collection_ssim":["Yardley Taylor Surveying Notebook\n1832-1884"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 036"],"unitid_tesim":["M 036"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Loudoun County Historical Society, Leesburg, VA"],"creator_ssim":["Loudoun County Historical Society, Leesburg, VA"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Loudoun County Historical Society, Leesburg, VA"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFolder\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Folder"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYardley Taylor (1794-1863) lived in Goose Creek, now known as Lincoln, an area of Loudoun County populated largely by members of the Society of Friends. Taylor was a prominent Quaker and outspoken abolitionist. He was rumored to have helped several slaves escape Virginia, in violation of fugitive slave laws, and in 1824 served as the first president of the Loudoun Manumission and Emigration Society. His vocal opposition to slavery led one Loudoun County resident to publish a broadside against him, calling him the \"chief of the abolitionist clan in Loudoun\" and denouncing his anti-slavery actions as \"Monstrous!\"\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThough Taylor worked as a letter carrier and professional horticulturalist, he is best known for his work as a surveyor and mapmaker. In 1853, he published a \"Map of Loudoun County, Virginia, from Actual Surveys\" and an accompanying Memoir of Loudoun County Virginia. The map identifies landowners, mills, and places of worship in addition to mapping watercourses and roads. Taylor's Memoir describes in great detail the physical features of Loudoun County, the value of its land and products, and comments at length about its population.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to making maps, Taylor used his skills to produce land surveys for individuals. In Virginia, surveyors used the British system of metes and bounds for surveys, or descriptions of property lines based on markers. As he surveyed a parcel, Taylor recorded his measurements and the markers in a notebook; he would use the measurements to produce a completed survey for his client. \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Yardley Taylor (1794-1863) lived in Goose Creek, now known as Lincoln, an area of Loudoun County populated largely by members of the Society of Friends. Taylor was a prominent Quaker and outspoken abolitionist. He was rumored to have helped several slaves escape Virginia, in violation of fugitive slave laws, and in 1824 served as the first president of the Loudoun Manumission and Emigration Society. His vocal opposition to slavery led one Loudoun County resident to publish a broadside against him, calling him the \"chief of the abolitionist clan in Loudoun\" and denouncing his anti-slavery actions as \"Monstrous!\"","Though Taylor worked as a letter carrier and professional horticulturalist, he is best known for his work as a surveyor and mapmaker. In 1853, he published a \"Map of Loudoun County, Virginia, from Actual Surveys\" and an accompanying Memoir of Loudoun County Virginia. The map identifies landowners, mills, and places of worship in addition to mapping watercourses and roads. Taylor's Memoir describes in great detail the physical features of Loudoun County, the value of its land and products, and comments at length about its population.","In addition to making maps, Taylor used his skills to produce land surveys for individuals. In Virginia, surveyors used the British system of metes and bounds for surveys, or descriptions of property lines based on markers. As he surveyed a parcel, Taylor recorded his measurements and the markers in a notebook; he would use the measurements to produce a completed survey for his client."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of one land survey book and a photocopied version of the book. The survey book is bound in leather and measures 8 x 5 x 1.5 inches. It contains surveys from 1832-1882 along with an alphabetical index in the front. The surveys are metes and bounds descriptions and include no plats. Yardley Taylor began using this notebook in 1832. He died in 1863, but there are many surveys recorded in the book after that date. At a sale of his estate in 1870, Bernard Taylor purchased a \"surveyor's compass and etc.\" Although uncertain, it is possible that the purchase included Taylor's surveying notebook and that he was responsible for the later surveys. The notebook was certainly in Bernard Taylor's possession in 1884 when he sold it to Nathan T. Brown. Brown sold copies of the surveys for twenty-five cents, according to a note affixed to the front cover of the notebook. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of one land survey book and a photocopied version of the book. The survey book is bound in leather and measures 8 x 5 x 1.5 inches. It contains surveys from 1832-1882 along with an alphabetical index in the front. The surveys are metes and bounds descriptions and include no plats. Yardley Taylor began using this notebook in 1832. He died in 1863, but there are many surveys recorded in the book after that date. At a sale of his estate in 1870, Bernard Taylor purchased a \"surveyor's compass and etc.\" Although uncertain, it is possible that the purchase included Taylor's surveying notebook and that he was responsible for the later surveys. The notebook was certainly in Bernard Taylor's possession in 1884 when he sold it to Nathan T. Brown. Brown sold copies of the surveys for twenty-five cents, according to a note affixed to the front cover of the notebook."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of one land survey book and a photocopied version of the book. The survey book is bound in leather and measures 8 x 5 x 1.5 inches. It contains surveys from 1832-1882 along with an alphabetical index in the front. The surveys are metes and bounds descriptions and include no plats. \n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of one land survey book and a photocopied version of the book. The survey book is bound in leather and measures 8 x 5 x 1.5 inches. It contains surveys from 1832-1882 along with an alphabetical index in the front. The surveys are metes and bounds descriptions and include no plats."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00198_c01"}},{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00199_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"box 1, [title not supplied]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00199_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00199_c01","ref_ssm":["viletbl_viletbl00199_c01"],"id":"viletbl_viletbl00199_c01","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00199","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00199","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00199","parent_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00199","parent_ssim":["James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viletbl_viletbl00199"],"title_filing_ssi":"box 1, [title not supplied]","title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"title_tesim":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"text":["box 1, [title not supplied]","James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"collection_ssim":["James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":6,"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00199","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00199","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00199","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00199","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00199.xml","title_ssm":["James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd"],"title_tesim":["James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd"],"text":["James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd","M 070","Box: folder","The Copeland family settled in the Hillsborough (herein after Hillsboro) area in 1765 when David and Deborah Copeland built a family farmhouse.  Their son James Copeland expanded the farmhouse in 1804. Several generations later, James Edward Copeland (1845-1937) was born in Hillsborough, Loudoun County, Virginia.  Copeland served as a private in the 35th Virginia Cavalry Battalion, Company C for which service he and his wife, Fannie V. Copeland (1859-1950), received Confederate pensions. Although an outspoken critic of public schools Copeland started his career as a teacher in the first Hillsboro public School in 1870. He received an MD from Washington University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland in 1876 and commenced his medical practice in Rectortown, Fauquier County, Virginia where he met and married in 1881, his wife Fannie V. Copeland. Copeland practiced medicine from 1877 to 1925 when a kick in the elbow from a horse ended his career.  He had two children, Edward Virgil Copeland (1882- 1918), also a physician who joined his father in his practice until his untimely death from influenza, and Maria A. Copeland (1886-1969) a teacher in Round Hill.  The family is buried in the Hillsboro Cemetery.","J. E. Copeland was an enthusiastic recorder of historical events and was known as the historian of Hillsboro. A large collection of scrapbooks, still held by the family, attest to this lifelong interest in recording events.","This collection contains photocopies of fourteen of numerous scrapbooks created throughout his life by James E. Copeland.  Topics vary from drama, literature and moral issues to general history, the American Civil War and historical figures. There is some duplication of articles among the scrapbooks held by Thomas Balch Library and not all photocopies are complete. Partial indexes for each volume are included. The original scrapbooks, held by the family, are in fragile condition; best copies were made at the time the collection materials were donated.","This collection contains photocopies of fourteen of numerous scrapbooks created throughout his life by James E. Copeland.  Topics vary from drama, literature and moral issues to general history, the American Civil War and historical figures. There is some duplication of articles among the scrapbooks held by Thomas Balch Library and not all photocopies are complete. Partial indexes for each volume are included. The original scrapbooks, held by the family, are in fragile condition; best copies were made at the time the collection materials were donated.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd"],"collection_ssim":["James E. Copeland Scrapbooks\n1892-1925; nd"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 070"],"unitid_tesim":["M 070"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["James E. Copeland family"],"creator_ssim":["James E. Copeland family"],"acqinfo_ssim":["James E. Copeland family"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox: folder\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Box: folder"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Copeland family settled in the Hillsborough (herein after Hillsboro) area in 1765 when David and Deborah Copeland built a family farmhouse.  Their son James Copeland expanded the farmhouse in 1804. Several generations later, James Edward Copeland (1845-1937) was born in Hillsborough, Loudoun County, Virginia.  Copeland served as a private in the 35th Virginia Cavalry Battalion, Company C for which service he and his wife, Fannie V. Copeland (1859-1950), received Confederate pensions. Although an outspoken critic of public schools Copeland started his career as a teacher in the first Hillsboro public School in 1870. He received an MD from Washington University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland in 1876 and commenced his medical practice in Rectortown, Fauquier County, Virginia where he met and married in 1881, his wife Fannie V. Copeland. Copeland practiced medicine from 1877 to 1925 when a kick in the elbow from a horse ended his career.  He had two children, Edward Virgil Copeland (1882- 1918), also a physician who joined his father in his practice until his untimely death from influenza, and Maria A. Copeland (1886-1969) a teacher in Round Hill.  The family is buried in the Hillsboro Cemetery. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eJ. E. Copeland was an enthusiastic recorder of historical events and was known as the historian of Hillsboro. A large collection of scrapbooks, still held by the family, attest to this lifelong interest in recording events.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Copeland family settled in the Hillsborough (herein after Hillsboro) area in 1765 when David and Deborah Copeland built a family farmhouse.  Their son James Copeland expanded the farmhouse in 1804. Several generations later, James Edward Copeland (1845-1937) was born in Hillsborough, Loudoun County, Virginia.  Copeland served as a private in the 35th Virginia Cavalry Battalion, Company C for which service he and his wife, Fannie V. Copeland (1859-1950), received Confederate pensions. Although an outspoken critic of public schools Copeland started his career as a teacher in the first Hillsboro public School in 1870. He received an MD from Washington University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland in 1876 and commenced his medical practice in Rectortown, Fauquier County, Virginia where he met and married in 1881, his wife Fannie V. Copeland. Copeland practiced medicine from 1877 to 1925 when a kick in the elbow from a horse ended his career.  He had two children, Edward Virgil Copeland (1882- 1918), also a physician who joined his father in his practice until his untimely death from influenza, and Maria A. Copeland (1886-1969) a teacher in Round Hill.  The family is buried in the Hillsboro Cemetery.","J. E. Copeland was an enthusiastic recorder of historical events and was known as the historian of Hillsboro. A large collection of scrapbooks, still held by the family, attest to this lifelong interest in recording events."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains photocopies of fourteen of numerous scrapbooks created throughout his life by James E. Copeland.  Topics vary from drama, literature and moral issues to general history, the American Civil War and historical figures. There is some duplication of articles among the scrapbooks held by Thomas Balch Library and not all photocopies are complete. Partial indexes for each volume are included. The original scrapbooks, held by the family, are in fragile condition; best copies were made at the time the collection materials were donated.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains photocopies of fourteen of numerous scrapbooks created throughout his life by James E. Copeland.  Topics vary from drama, literature and moral issues to general history, the American Civil War and historical figures. There is some duplication of articles among the scrapbooks held by Thomas Balch Library and not all photocopies are complete. Partial indexes for each volume are included. The original scrapbooks, held by the family, are in fragile condition; best copies were made at the time the collection materials were donated."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains photocopies of fourteen of numerous scrapbooks created throughout his life by James E. Copeland.  Topics vary from drama, literature and moral issues to general history, the American Civil War and historical figures. There is some duplication of articles among the scrapbooks held by Thomas Balch Library and not all photocopies are complete. Partial indexes for each volume are included. The original scrapbooks, held by the family, are in fragile condition; best copies were made at the time the collection materials were donated.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains photocopies of fourteen of numerous scrapbooks created throughout his life by James E. Copeland.  Topics vary from drama, literature and moral issues to general history, the American Civil War and historical figures. There is some duplication of articles among the scrapbooks held by Thomas Balch Library and not all photocopies are complete. Partial indexes for each volume are included. The original scrapbooks, held by the family, are in fragile condition; best copies were made at the time the collection materials were donated."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00199_c01"}},{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00205_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"box 1, [title not supplied]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00205_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00205_c01","ref_ssm":["viletbl_viletbl00205_c01"],"id":"viletbl_viletbl00205_c01","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00205","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00205","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00205","parent_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00205","parent_ssim":["Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viletbl_viletbl00205"],"title_filing_ssi":"box 1, [title not supplied]","title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"title_tesim":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"text":["box 1, [title not supplied]","Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"collection_ssim":["Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":16,"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00205","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00205","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00205","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00205","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00205.xml","title_ssm":["Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009"],"title_tesim":["Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009"],"text":["Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009","M 057","Box: Folder","The Stone House at Harper Park, built in 1822, was initially used as an ordinary. The building subsequently served as a tenant house and, eventually, a gift shop in the 1960s before being vacant for many years. The house, and the tract of land on which it stood, changed hands many times. By the 1960s, the house and land belonged to the Hamblet family. They donated the house to Loudoun County in 1968 to be used as a tourist information center, but the Board of Supervisors returned it in 1971 because of concerns about cost and transportation.","On 28 March 1996, William Randall Hamblet, Susan Swink Hamblet, his wife, Susan Harper Hamblet, and Matthew Lewis Hamblet signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Board of Supervisors of Loudoun County. The memorandum conveyed a parcel containing the Stone House to the County of Loudoun. The gift stipulated that the building and its immediate surroundings be used as a \"park housing a museum and/or tourist information center.\" The building was to be moved to another parcel, also owned by the donors, at no expense to the donors and this was accomplished.","Joan Rokus, a former Loudoun County supervisor, became interested in preserving the building when the development of the Harper Park subdivision threatened the building's survival. She helped found Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park in 1996. In 1998, the Virginia State Corporation Commission issued a charter and the group adopted bylaws. The stated purpose of the organization was to support the reconstruction, occupancy, maintenance and preservation of the historic structure known as the Stone House at Harper Park. The organization achieved 501c3 status in May of 2004 which enabled it to receive tax exempt donations.","Rokus was the guiding force and first president of the board of Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park. The board worked closely with the county through the staff of the Department of Parks and Recreation. Plans for the restoration of the Stone House were drawn by John Milner Associates, Inc. of Alexandria, Virginia in 2001. Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park sought funding from various organizations, and in 2004 it was awarded $100,000 in federal funding through the Transportation Equity Act for the Twenty-First Century. There were also smaller grants from other organizations such as the Loudoun Restoration and Preservation Society and from businesses and individuals.","Despite these grants the board of the Friends of the Stone House realized that the funds were not going to be sufficient to complete the restoration work and make the house usable for the purpose designated in the deed of gift by the date set by the donors.  The Loudoun County Board of Supervisors was also becoming concerned about the mounting costs.  After considerable correspondence with the donors it was decided to give the property back to them. The remaining money was given to several historical and preservation societies in the county.","The Loudoun County Board of Supervisors held a public hearing on November 13, 2007 to consider conveying the property to the donors. A letter in box 1, folder 13 indicates that the property was conveyed back to the family on that date. However, the final disbursement of the organization's funds did not take place until 2009 as noted in the agenda for a meeting of the \"Friends, Advisors, and guests.\" The date of this meeting was not given but the agenda was sent, apparently by e-mail, on April 19, 2009.","The collection consists of three boxes containing material saved by Joan Rokus concerning Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park. They are filed alphabetically by folder titles Rokus used. Some records such as minutes, committee reports, staff reports, correspondence, etc. are incomplete.","The property was given to the Board of Supervisors of Loudoun County by deed of subdivision and of gift on 28 March 1996 by William Randall Hamblet and Susan Swink Hamblet, his wife; Susan Harper Hamblet; and Matthew Lewis Hamblet, but there is no written record of the founding of Friends of the Stone House. The earliest document noting the existence of Friends of the Stone House is a 1999 list of nine members with a handwritten notation that it does not include the board of directors or the advisory board members. This indicates that the group was already organized even though there were few members. There follow lists of the boards for the years 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003.","The collection includes architectural plans drawn by John Milner Associates, Inc. of Alexandria, Virginia with that firm's estimated costs for the proposed work. There is a plat of the property dated August 10, 2001. That survey was done by Patton Harris Rust Associates of Leesburg, Virginia.  There are also photographs of Lafayette Day on September 2, 2000, presentation of a painting of the building to the Harper Park Middle School, and of a presentation made at the Loudoun campus of George Washington University. There are also miscellaneous photographs of the building under construction and of the finished exterior.","The collection consists of three boxes containing material saved by Joan Rokus concerning Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park. They are filed alphabetically by folder titles Rokus used. Some records such as minutes, committee reports, staff reports, correspondence, etc. are incomplete. The collection includes architectural plans drawn by John Milner Associates, Inc. of Alexandria, Virginia with that firm's estimated costs for the proposed work. There is a plat of the property dated August 10, 2001. That survey was done by Patton Harris Rust Associates of Leesburg, Virginia.  There are also photographs of Lafayette Day on September 2, 2000, presentation of a painting of the building to the Harper Park Middle School, and of a presentation made at the Loudoun campus of George Washington University. There are also miscellaneous photographs of the building under construction and of the finished exterior.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009"],"collection_ssim":["Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park Papers\n1996-2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 057"],"unitid_tesim":["M 057"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Joan Rokus, Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park, Leesburg, VA"],"creator_ssim":["Joan Rokus, Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park, Leesburg, VA"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Joan Rokus, Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park, Leesburg, VA"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox: Folder\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Box: Folder"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Stone House at Harper Park, built in 1822, was initially used as an ordinary. The building subsequently served as a tenant house and, eventually, a gift shop in the 1960s before being vacant for many years. The house, and the tract of land on which it stood, changed hands many times. By the 1960s, the house and land belonged to the Hamblet family. They donated the house to Loudoun County in 1968 to be used as a tourist information center, but the Board of Supervisors returned it in 1971 because of concerns about cost and transportation. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOn 28 March 1996, William Randall Hamblet, Susan Swink Hamblet, his wife, Susan Harper Hamblet, and Matthew Lewis Hamblet signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Board of Supervisors of Loudoun County. The memorandum conveyed a parcel containing the Stone House to the County of Loudoun. The gift stipulated that the building and its immediate surroundings be used as a \"park housing a museum and/or tourist information center.\" The building was to be moved to another parcel, also owned by the donors, at no expense to the donors and this was accomplished. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eJoan Rokus, a former Loudoun County supervisor, became interested in preserving the building when the development of the Harper Park subdivision threatened the building's survival. She helped found Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park in 1996. In 1998, the Virginia State Corporation Commission issued a charter and the group adopted bylaws. The stated purpose of the organization was to support the reconstruction, occupancy, maintenance and preservation of the historic structure known as the Stone House at Harper Park. The organization achieved 501c3 status in May of 2004 which enabled it to receive tax exempt donations. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eRokus was the guiding force and first president of the board of Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park. The board worked closely with the county through the staff of the Department of Parks and Recreation. Plans for the restoration of the Stone House were drawn by John Milner Associates, Inc. of Alexandria, Virginia in 2001. Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park sought funding from various organizations, and in 2004 it was awarded $100,000 in federal funding through the Transportation Equity Act for the Twenty-First Century. There were also smaller grants from other organizations such as the Loudoun Restoration and Preservation Society and from businesses and individuals.  \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eDespite these grants the board of the Friends of the Stone House realized that the funds were not going to be sufficient to complete the restoration work and make the house usable for the purpose designated in the deed of gift by the date set by the donors.  The Loudoun County Board of Supervisors was also becoming concerned about the mounting costs.  After considerable correspondence with the donors it was decided to give the property back to them. The remaining money was given to several historical and preservation societies in the county. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Loudoun County Board of Supervisors held a public hearing on November 13, 2007 to consider conveying the property to the donors. A letter in box 1, folder 13 indicates that the property was conveyed back to the family on that date. However, the final disbursement of the organization's funds did not take place until 2009 as noted in the agenda for a meeting of the \"Friends, Advisors, and guests.\" The date of this meeting was not given but the agenda was sent, apparently by e-mail, on April 19, 2009.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Stone House at Harper Park, built in 1822, was initially used as an ordinary. The building subsequently served as a tenant house and, eventually, a gift shop in the 1960s before being vacant for many years. The house, and the tract of land on which it stood, changed hands many times. By the 1960s, the house and land belonged to the Hamblet family. They donated the house to Loudoun County in 1968 to be used as a tourist information center, but the Board of Supervisors returned it in 1971 because of concerns about cost and transportation.","On 28 March 1996, William Randall Hamblet, Susan Swink Hamblet, his wife, Susan Harper Hamblet, and Matthew Lewis Hamblet signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Board of Supervisors of Loudoun County. The memorandum conveyed a parcel containing the Stone House to the County of Loudoun. The gift stipulated that the building and its immediate surroundings be used as a \"park housing a museum and/or tourist information center.\" The building was to be moved to another parcel, also owned by the donors, at no expense to the donors and this was accomplished.","Joan Rokus, a former Loudoun County supervisor, became interested in preserving the building when the development of the Harper Park subdivision threatened the building's survival. She helped found Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park in 1996. In 1998, the Virginia State Corporation Commission issued a charter and the group adopted bylaws. The stated purpose of the organization was to support the reconstruction, occupancy, maintenance and preservation of the historic structure known as the Stone House at Harper Park. The organization achieved 501c3 status in May of 2004 which enabled it to receive tax exempt donations.","Rokus was the guiding force and first president of the board of Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park. The board worked closely with the county through the staff of the Department of Parks and Recreation. Plans for the restoration of the Stone House were drawn by John Milner Associates, Inc. of Alexandria, Virginia in 2001. Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park sought funding from various organizations, and in 2004 it was awarded $100,000 in federal funding through the Transportation Equity Act for the Twenty-First Century. There were also smaller grants from other organizations such as the Loudoun Restoration and Preservation Society and from businesses and individuals.","Despite these grants the board of the Friends of the Stone House realized that the funds were not going to be sufficient to complete the restoration work and make the house usable for the purpose designated in the deed of gift by the date set by the donors.  The Loudoun County Board of Supervisors was also becoming concerned about the mounting costs.  After considerable correspondence with the donors it was decided to give the property back to them. The remaining money was given to several historical and preservation societies in the county.","The Loudoun County Board of Supervisors held a public hearing on November 13, 2007 to consider conveying the property to the donors. A letter in box 1, folder 13 indicates that the property was conveyed back to the family on that date. However, the final disbursement of the organization's funds did not take place until 2009 as noted in the agenda for a meeting of the \"Friends, Advisors, and guests.\" The date of this meeting was not given but the agenda was sent, apparently by e-mail, on April 19, 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of three boxes containing material saved by Joan Rokus concerning Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park. They are filed alphabetically by folder titles Rokus used. Some records such as minutes, committee reports, staff reports, correspondence, etc. are incomplete. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe property was given to the Board of Supervisors of Loudoun County by deed of subdivision and of gift on 28 March 1996 by William Randall Hamblet and Susan Swink Hamblet, his wife; Susan Harper Hamblet; and Matthew Lewis Hamblet, but there is no written record of the founding of Friends of the Stone House. The earliest document noting the existence of Friends of the Stone House is a 1999 list of nine members with a handwritten notation that it does not include the board of directors or the advisory board members. This indicates that the group was already organized even though there were few members. There follow lists of the boards for the years 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003.  \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes architectural plans drawn by John Milner Associates, Inc. of Alexandria, Virginia with that firm's estimated costs for the proposed work. There is a plat of the property dated August 10, 2001. That survey was done by Patton Harris Rust Associates of Leesburg, Virginia.  There are also photographs of Lafayette Day on September 2, 2000, presentation of a painting of the building to the Harper Park Middle School, and of a presentation made at the Loudoun campus of George Washington University. There are also miscellaneous photographs of the building under construction and of the finished exterior. \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of three boxes containing material saved by Joan Rokus concerning Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park. They are filed alphabetically by folder titles Rokus used. Some records such as minutes, committee reports, staff reports, correspondence, etc. are incomplete.","The property was given to the Board of Supervisors of Loudoun County by deed of subdivision and of gift on 28 March 1996 by William Randall Hamblet and Susan Swink Hamblet, his wife; Susan Harper Hamblet; and Matthew Lewis Hamblet, but there is no written record of the founding of Friends of the Stone House. The earliest document noting the existence of Friends of the Stone House is a 1999 list of nine members with a handwritten notation that it does not include the board of directors or the advisory board members. This indicates that the group was already organized even though there were few members. There follow lists of the boards for the years 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2003.","The collection includes architectural plans drawn by John Milner Associates, Inc. of Alexandria, Virginia with that firm's estimated costs for the proposed work. There is a plat of the property dated August 10, 2001. That survey was done by Patton Harris Rust Associates of Leesburg, Virginia.  There are also photographs of Lafayette Day on September 2, 2000, presentation of a painting of the building to the Harper Park Middle School, and of a presentation made at the Loudoun campus of George Washington University. There are also miscellaneous photographs of the building under construction and of the finished exterior."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of three boxes containing material saved by Joan Rokus concerning Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park. They are filed alphabetically by folder titles Rokus used. Some records such as minutes, committee reports, staff reports, correspondence, etc. are incomplete. The collection includes architectural plans drawn by John Milner Associates, Inc. of Alexandria, Virginia with that firm's estimated costs for the proposed work. There is a plat of the property dated August 10, 2001. That survey was done by Patton Harris Rust Associates of Leesburg, Virginia.  There are also photographs of Lafayette Day on September 2, 2000, presentation of a painting of the building to the Harper Park Middle School, and of a presentation made at the Loudoun campus of George Washington University. There are also miscellaneous photographs of the building under construction and of the finished exterior. \n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of three boxes containing material saved by Joan Rokus concerning Friends of the Stone House at Harper Park. They are filed alphabetically by folder titles Rokus used. Some records such as minutes, committee reports, staff reports, correspondence, etc. are incomplete. The collection includes architectural plans drawn by John Milner Associates, Inc. of Alexandria, Virginia with that firm's estimated costs for the proposed work. There is a plat of the property dated August 10, 2001. That survey was done by Patton Harris Rust Associates of Leesburg, Virginia.  There are also photographs of Lafayette Day on September 2, 2000, presentation of a painting of the building to the Harper Park Middle School, and of a presentation made at the Loudoun campus of George Washington University. There are also miscellaneous photographs of the building under construction and of the finished exterior."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":51,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00205_c01"}},{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00206_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"box 1, [title not supplied]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00206_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00206_c01","ref_ssm":["viletbl_viletbl00206_c01"],"id":"viletbl_viletbl00206_c01","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00206","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00206","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00206","parent_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00206","parent_ssim":["Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viletbl_viletbl00206"],"title_filing_ssi":"box 1, [title not supplied]","title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"title_tesim":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"text":["box 1, [title not supplied]","Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"collection_ssim":["Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":6,"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00206","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00206","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00206","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00206","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00206.xml","title_ssm":["Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971"],"title_tesim":["Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971"],"text":["Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971","M 073, OMB 012","Folder","The Frederick Douglass Elementary School (hereinafter Douglass Elementary) building in Leesburg, Virginia, was constructed in 1958 as a segregated school and continued to be used as an elementary school for African American students until 1968. Although the US Supreme Court ruled in 1958 that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, Loudoun County's schools, operating on a \"freedom of choice\" plan, continued to be largely segregated.  In 1967 the US District Court ordered Loudoun County to use geographical attendance zones to determine pupil placement and required the county to integrate school faculty, staff, and buses by the 1968 school year. From 1968 to 1982 Douglass Elementary was a racially integrated elementary school, following which (1982-2001) the building was used for pre-school, Head Start, and special education classes as well as a warehouse facility and support staff location. After that time it was no longer used for classes, serving instead as space for various school board offices. When Loudoun County Public Schools began to explore the desirability of demolishing the Douglass Elementary building and constructing a new elementary school on that site, an archeological study and a study of the school's history and architectural significance were undertaken.  Loudoun County Public Schools engaged Thunderbird Archeology and History Matters, LLC to prepare a Phase I archaeological investigation and a historical review of the school for the purpose of preserving the history and commemorating the original school as a part of the new school.","Two firms completed two reports, both of which are cataloged and available in Thomas Balch Library's general collection. Phase I Archeological Investigations of the +/- 9.28 Acre Douglass Support Center Property, Leesburg,VA, dated 2010, by Kimberly A. Snyder of Thunderbird Archeology concluded the building was not eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places and could be demolished and replaced.  The report by History Matters, LLC, dated April 30, 2010, titled Desegregation in Loudoun County Public Schools, 1954-1970, documented the school's history in the context of state and national decisions regarding integration. This study expanded into an investigation of the issues and concerns of the African American community in Loudoun County beginning in the 1930s, not only in regard to Douglass Elementary School, but to equality of educational facilities and experiences of black students, racial segregation in the public school system, and concerns about the equal treatment of African American teachers in the system.","Upon completion of the research, Loudoun County Public Schools contacted the Black History Committee of the Friends of the Thomas Balch Library.  A number of concerned citizens opposed the demolition of the school, citing the building's historical significance to the African American community.  In response to this concern, Loudoun County Public Schools and the Black History Committee embarked on a joint project to preserve the history and establish a permanent exhibit of the former school in the new school.","This collection contains extensive material about Frederick Douglass Elementary School in Leesburg, Virginia, but its scope goes far beyond this one school to questions of equality of educational opportunities in Loudoun County. The collection retains the order in which it was received by the library. It begins with correspondence concerning segregation and inequality in the public schools, proceeds to reactions to decisions requiring racial integration in the schools, and ends with five folders of materials concerning the construction of Douglass Elementary School.","The collection contains extensive copies of minutes of Loudoun County School Board as they relate to concerns of equality and racial segregation of students and teachers. These minutes cover numerous School Board meetings from 1938 to 1971. Also included are letters, petitions, and newspaper articles regarding conditions in African American schools, inequality of salaries between African American and white teachers, and other concerns of the African American community in regard to public education. Many items document reactions to the decision of the United States Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka on May 17, 1954.","There is also an extensive file of information containing legal and construction specifications (1957-1958), beginning with the purchase of land and architectural renderings to furnishing and final inspection of the original Douglass Elementary.","This collection contains extensive material about Frederick Douglass Elementary School in Leesburg, Virginia, but its scope goes far beyond this one school to questions of equality of educational opportunities in Loudoun County. The collection begins with correspondence concerning segregation and inequality in the public schools, proceeds to reactions to decisions requiring racial integration in the schools, and ends with five folders of materials concerning the construction of Douglass Elementary School.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971"],"collection_ssim":["Research Materials Regarding Decision to Replace Frederick Douglass Elementary School, Leesburg, VA\n1938-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 073, OMB 012"],"unitid_tesim":["M 073, OMB 012"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Loudoun County Public Schools"],"creator_ssim":["Loudoun County Public Schools"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Loudoun County Public Schools"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFolder\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Folder"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Frederick Douglass Elementary School (hereinafter Douglass Elementary) building in Leesburg, Virginia, was constructed in 1958 as a segregated school and continued to be used as an elementary school for African American students until 1968. Although the US Supreme Court ruled in 1958 that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, Loudoun County's schools, operating on a \"freedom of choice\" plan, continued to be largely segregated.  In 1967 the US District Court ordered Loudoun County to use geographical attendance zones to determine pupil placement and required the county to integrate school faculty, staff, and buses by the 1968 school year. From 1968 to 1982 Douglass Elementary was a racially integrated elementary school, following which (1982-2001) the building was used for pre-school, Head Start, and special education classes as well as a warehouse facility and support staff location. After that time it was no longer used for classes, serving instead as space for various school board offices. When Loudoun County Public Schools began to explore the desirability of demolishing the Douglass Elementary building and constructing a new elementary school on that site, an archeological study and a study of the school's history and architectural significance were undertaken.  Loudoun County Public Schools engaged Thunderbird Archeology and History Matters, LLC to prepare a Phase I archaeological investigation and a historical review of the school for the purpose of preserving the history and commemorating the original school as a part of the new school.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eTwo firms completed two reports, both of which are cataloged and available in Thomas Balch Library's general collection. \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePhase I Archeological Investigations of the +/- 9.28 Acre Douglass Support Center Property, Leesburg,VA\u003c/title\u003e, dated 2010, by Kimberly A. Snyder of Thunderbird Archeology concluded the building was not eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places and could be demolished and replaced.  The report by History Matters, LLC, dated April 30, 2010, titled \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eDesegregation in Loudoun County Public Schools, 1954-1970\u003c/title\u003e, documented the school's history in the context of state and national decisions regarding integration. This study expanded into an investigation of the issues and concerns of the African American community in Loudoun County beginning in the 1930s, not only in regard to Douglass Elementary School, but to equality of educational facilities and experiences of black students, racial segregation in the public school system, and concerns about the equal treatment of African American teachers in the system.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eUpon completion of the research, Loudoun County Public Schools contacted the Black History Committee of the Friends of the Thomas Balch Library.  A number of concerned citizens opposed the demolition of the school, citing the building's historical significance to the African American community.  In response to this concern, Loudoun County Public Schools and the Black History Committee embarked on a joint project to preserve the history and establish a permanent exhibit of the former school in the new school.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Frederick Douglass Elementary School (hereinafter Douglass Elementary) building in Leesburg, Virginia, was constructed in 1958 as a segregated school and continued to be used as an elementary school for African American students until 1968. Although the US Supreme Court ruled in 1958 that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional, Loudoun County's schools, operating on a \"freedom of choice\" plan, continued to be largely segregated.  In 1967 the US District Court ordered Loudoun County to use geographical attendance zones to determine pupil placement and required the county to integrate school faculty, staff, and buses by the 1968 school year. From 1968 to 1982 Douglass Elementary was a racially integrated elementary school, following which (1982-2001) the building was used for pre-school, Head Start, and special education classes as well as a warehouse facility and support staff location. After that time it was no longer used for classes, serving instead as space for various school board offices. When Loudoun County Public Schools began to explore the desirability of demolishing the Douglass Elementary building and constructing a new elementary school on that site, an archeological study and a study of the school's history and architectural significance were undertaken.  Loudoun County Public Schools engaged Thunderbird Archeology and History Matters, LLC to prepare a Phase I archaeological investigation and a historical review of the school for the purpose of preserving the history and commemorating the original school as a part of the new school.","Two firms completed two reports, both of which are cataloged and available in Thomas Balch Library's general collection. Phase I Archeological Investigations of the +/- 9.28 Acre Douglass Support Center Property, Leesburg,VA, dated 2010, by Kimberly A. Snyder of Thunderbird Archeology concluded the building was not eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places and could be demolished and replaced.  The report by History Matters, LLC, dated April 30, 2010, titled Desegregation in Loudoun County Public Schools, 1954-1970, documented the school's history in the context of state and national decisions regarding integration. This study expanded into an investigation of the issues and concerns of the African American community in Loudoun County beginning in the 1930s, not only in regard to Douglass Elementary School, but to equality of educational facilities and experiences of black students, racial segregation in the public school system, and concerns about the equal treatment of African American teachers in the system.","Upon completion of the research, Loudoun County Public Schools contacted the Black History Committee of the Friends of the Thomas Balch Library.  A number of concerned citizens opposed the demolition of the school, citing the building's historical significance to the African American community.  In response to this concern, Loudoun County Public Schools and the Black History Committee embarked on a joint project to preserve the history and establish a permanent exhibit of the former school in the new school."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains extensive material about Frederick Douglass Elementary School in Leesburg, Virginia, but its scope goes far beyond this one school to questions of equality of educational opportunities in Loudoun County. The collection retains the order in which it was received by the library. It begins with correspondence concerning segregation and inequality in the public schools, proceeds to reactions to decisions requiring racial integration in the schools, and ends with five folders of materials concerning the construction of Douglass Elementary School.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains extensive copies of minutes of Loudoun County School Board as they relate to concerns of equality and racial segregation of students and teachers. These minutes cover numerous School Board meetings from 1938 to 1971. Also included are letters, petitions, and newspaper articles regarding conditions in African American schools, inequality of salaries between African American and white teachers, and other concerns of the African American community in regard to public education. Many items document reactions to the decision of the United States Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka on May 17, 1954. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThere is also an extensive file of information containing legal and construction specifications (1957-1958), beginning with the purchase of land and architectural renderings to furnishing and final inspection of the original Douglass Elementary.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains extensive material about Frederick Douglass Elementary School in Leesburg, Virginia, but its scope goes far beyond this one school to questions of equality of educational opportunities in Loudoun County. The collection retains the order in which it was received by the library. It begins with correspondence concerning segregation and inequality in the public schools, proceeds to reactions to decisions requiring racial integration in the schools, and ends with five folders of materials concerning the construction of Douglass Elementary School.","The collection contains extensive copies of minutes of Loudoun County School Board as they relate to concerns of equality and racial segregation of students and teachers. These minutes cover numerous School Board meetings from 1938 to 1971. Also included are letters, petitions, and newspaper articles regarding conditions in African American schools, inequality of salaries between African American and white teachers, and other concerns of the African American community in regard to public education. Many items document reactions to the decision of the United States Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka on May 17, 1954.","There is also an extensive file of information containing legal and construction specifications (1957-1958), beginning with the purchase of land and architectural renderings to furnishing and final inspection of the original Douglass Elementary."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains extensive material about Frederick Douglass Elementary School in Leesburg, Virginia, but its scope goes far beyond this one school to questions of equality of educational opportunities in Loudoun County. The collection begins with correspondence concerning segregation and inequality in the public schools, proceeds to reactions to decisions requiring racial integration in the schools, and ends with five folders of materials concerning the construction of Douglass Elementary School.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains extensive material about Frederick Douglass Elementary School in Leesburg, Virginia, but its scope goes far beyond this one school to questions of equality of educational opportunities in Loudoun County. The collection begins with correspondence concerning segregation and inequality in the public schools, proceeds to reactions to decisions requiring racial integration in the schools, and ends with five folders of materials concerning the construction of Douglass Elementary School."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00206_c01"}},{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00207_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"box 1, [title not supplied]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00207_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00207_c01","ref_ssm":["viletbl_viletbl00207_c01"],"id":"viletbl_viletbl00207_c01","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00207","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00207","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00207","parent_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00207","parent_ssim":["Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viletbl_viletbl00207"],"title_filing_ssi":"box 1, [title not supplied]","title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"title_tesim":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"text":["box 1, [title not supplied]","Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"collection_ssim":["Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":25,"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00207","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00207","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00207","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00207","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00207.xml","title_ssm":["Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983"],"title_tesim":["Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983"],"text":["Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983","VC 0041","Folder","Jim (James Fenton) Birchfield (1908-1997) was born in Marion, Virginia and graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1929. In 1935, Birchfield began his career in journalism as editor of The Washington County (Virginia) Forum, a newly established weekly in Abingdon. He joined the Richmond-Times Dispatch editorial staff in 1939, where he remained until 1942. At this juncture, he obtained a position in Washington, D.C. on the editorial staff of the Washington Star. There he worked on the picture desk and in other editorial roles including serving as state, farm and real estate editor.  As editor for the Washington Star, he wrote a column entitled \"Life in the Country\" focusing on the struggles and rewards of rural living. During this time, he resided on his family farm, \"Forty Acres,\" near Leesburg.  In 1974, he retired from the Washington Star. Birchfield then served briefly as an editor for The Piedmont Virginian, an environmental weekly based in The Plains, before accepting a position with the Loudoun-Times Mirror, where he worked from July 1975 until July 1978.","Throughout his career, Birchfield cultivated his photographic interests.  In 1965, he became a founding member of the Northern Virginia Photographic Society whose aim was to serve as a camera club for the area.  His photographic images of Loudoun County were used during several calendar years (1974, 1981) for the Peoples National Bank of Leesburg, Virginia.  Photographs of Washington County, Virginia taken by Birchfield were also used for a monograph entitled Places in Time: Abingdon, Virginia 1778-1880 (Volume 1.)","In 1983 after selling \"Forty Acres,\" he and his wife moved back to Abingdon.  He died at the age of 89 following complications from a stroke.  He is best remembered for his editorial talent, polished writing abilities, and compelling photographic work.","This photographic collection consists of twenty-five black and white photographs of sites within Loudoun County. The majority of the pictures taken are historic homes.  However, a few other landmarks within the county were also captured including Waterford Mill, Thomas Balch Library, Loudoun County Courthouse, Paxton House, Springwood Ball Home Place, and St. James Episcopal Church.  Also included are two farms.  Most of the photographs have been identified although the identities of a few remain unknown. In the list below, photographs identified by Birchfield appear without brackets; those in brackets have been identified by library staff.The photographs appear to have been taken over the course of many years, and all likely date to 1945-1983, the years Birchfield lived near Leesburg. The photographs represent a wide variety of unique architectural styles.","This photographic collection consists of twenty-five black and white photographs of sites within Loudoun County. The majority of the pictures taken are historic homes.  However, a few other landmarks within the county were also captured including Waterford Mill, Thomas Balch Library, Loudoun County Courthouse, Paxton House, Springwood Ball Home Place, and St. James Episcopal Church.  Also included are two farms.  Most of the photographs have been identified although the identities of a few remain unknown. In the list below, photographs identified by Birchfield appear without brackets; those in brackets have been identified by library staff.The photographs appear to have been taken over the course of many years, and all likely date to 1945-1983, the years Birchfield lived near Leesburg. The photographs represent a wide variety of unique architectural styles.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983"],"collection_ssim":["Jim Birchfield Photograph Collection\n1945-1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VC 0041"],"unitid_tesim":["VC 0041"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Ann Braham, Leesburg, VA"],"creator_ssim":["Ann Braham, Leesburg, VA"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Ann Braham, Leesburg, VA"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFolder\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Folder"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJim (James Fenton) Birchfield (1908-1997) was born in Marion, Virginia and graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1929. In 1935, Birchfield began his career in journalism as editor of \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Washington County\u003c/title\u003e (Virginia) \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eForum\u003c/title\u003e, a newly established weekly in Abingdon. He joined the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond-Times Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e editorial staff in 1939, where he remained until 1942. At this juncture, he obtained a position in Washington, D.C. on the editorial staff of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington Star\u003c/title\u003e. There he worked on the picture desk and in other editorial roles including serving as state, farm and real estate editor.  As editor for the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington Star\u003c/title\u003e, he wrote a column entitled \"Life in the Country\" focusing on the struggles and rewards of rural living. During this time, he resided on his family farm, \"Forty Acres,\" near Leesburg.  In 1974, he retired from the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eWashington Star\u003c/title\u003e. Birchfield then served briefly as an editor for \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Piedmont Virginian\u003c/title\u003e, an environmental weekly based in The Plains, before accepting a position with the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLoudoun-Times Mirror\u003c/title\u003e, where he worked from July 1975 until July 1978.  \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThroughout his career, Birchfield cultivated his photographic interests.  In 1965, he became a founding member of the Northern Virginia Photographic Society whose aim was to serve as a camera club for the area.  His photographic images of Loudoun County were used during several calendar years (1974, 1981) for the Peoples National Bank of Leesburg, Virginia.  Photographs of Washington County, Virginia taken by Birchfield were also used for a monograph entitled \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePlaces in Time: Abingdon, Virginia 1778-1880 \u003c/title\u003e(Volume 1.) \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn 1983 after selling \"Forty Acres,\" he and his wife moved back to Abingdon.  He died at the age of 89 following complications from a stroke.  He is best remembered for his editorial talent, polished writing abilities, and compelling photographic work.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jim (James Fenton) Birchfield (1908-1997) was born in Marion, Virginia and graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1929. In 1935, Birchfield began his career in journalism as editor of The Washington County (Virginia) Forum, a newly established weekly in Abingdon. He joined the Richmond-Times Dispatch editorial staff in 1939, where he remained until 1942. At this juncture, he obtained a position in Washington, D.C. on the editorial staff of the Washington Star. There he worked on the picture desk and in other editorial roles including serving as state, farm and real estate editor.  As editor for the Washington Star, he wrote a column entitled \"Life in the Country\" focusing on the struggles and rewards of rural living. During this time, he resided on his family farm, \"Forty Acres,\" near Leesburg.  In 1974, he retired from the Washington Star. Birchfield then served briefly as an editor for The Piedmont Virginian, an environmental weekly based in The Plains, before accepting a position with the Loudoun-Times Mirror, where he worked from July 1975 until July 1978.","Throughout his career, Birchfield cultivated his photographic interests.  In 1965, he became a founding member of the Northern Virginia Photographic Society whose aim was to serve as a camera club for the area.  His photographic images of Loudoun County were used during several calendar years (1974, 1981) for the Peoples National Bank of Leesburg, Virginia.  Photographs of Washington County, Virginia taken by Birchfield were also used for a monograph entitled Places in Time: Abingdon, Virginia 1778-1880 (Volume 1.)","In 1983 after selling \"Forty Acres,\" he and his wife moved back to Abingdon.  He died at the age of 89 following complications from a stroke.  He is best remembered for his editorial talent, polished writing abilities, and compelling photographic work."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis photographic collection consists of twenty-five black and white photographs of sites within Loudoun County. The majority of the pictures taken are historic homes.  However, a few other landmarks within the county were also captured including Waterford Mill, Thomas Balch Library, Loudoun County Courthouse, Paxton House, Springwood Ball Home Place, and St. James Episcopal Church.  Also included are two farms.  Most of the photographs have been identified although the identities of a few remain unknown. In the list below, photographs identified by Birchfield appear without brackets; those in brackets have been identified by library staff.The photographs appear to have been taken over the course of many years, and all likely date to 1945-1983, the years Birchfield lived near Leesburg. The photographs represent a wide variety of unique architectural styles.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This photographic collection consists of twenty-five black and white photographs of sites within Loudoun County. The majority of the pictures taken are historic homes.  However, a few other landmarks within the county were also captured including Waterford Mill, Thomas Balch Library, Loudoun County Courthouse, Paxton House, Springwood Ball Home Place, and St. James Episcopal Church.  Also included are two farms.  Most of the photographs have been identified although the identities of a few remain unknown. In the list below, photographs identified by Birchfield appear without brackets; those in brackets have been identified by library staff.The photographs appear to have been taken over the course of many years, and all likely date to 1945-1983, the years Birchfield lived near Leesburg. The photographs represent a wide variety of unique architectural styles."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis photographic collection consists of twenty-five black and white photographs of sites within Loudoun County. The majority of the pictures taken are historic homes.  However, a few other landmarks within the county were also captured including Waterford Mill, Thomas Balch Library, Loudoun County Courthouse, Paxton House, Springwood Ball Home Place, and St. James Episcopal Church.  Also included are two farms.  Most of the photographs have been identified although the identities of a few remain unknown. In the list below, photographs identified by Birchfield appear without brackets; those in brackets have been identified by library staff.The photographs appear to have been taken over the course of many years, and all likely date to 1945-1983, the years Birchfield lived near Leesburg. The photographs represent a wide variety of unique architectural styles.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This photographic collection consists of twenty-five black and white photographs of sites within Loudoun County. The majority of the pictures taken are historic homes.  However, a few other landmarks within the county were also captured including Waterford Mill, Thomas Balch Library, Loudoun County Courthouse, Paxton House, Springwood Ball Home Place, and St. James Episcopal Church.  Also included are two farms.  Most of the photographs have been identified although the identities of a few remain unknown. In the list below, photographs identified by Birchfield appear without brackets; those in brackets have been identified by library staff.The photographs appear to have been taken over the course of many years, and all likely date to 1945-1983, the years Birchfield lived near Leesburg. The photographs represent a wide variety of unique architectural styles."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":26,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00207_c01"}},{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00210_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"box 1, [title not supplied]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00210_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00210_c01","ref_ssm":["viletbl_viletbl00210_c01"],"id":"viletbl_viletbl00210_c01","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00210","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00210","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00210","parent_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00210","parent_ssim":["Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viletbl_viletbl00210"],"title_filing_ssi":"box 1, [title not supplied]","title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"title_tesim":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"text":["box 1, [title not supplied]","Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"collection_ssim":["Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":1,"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00210","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00210","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00210","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00210","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00210.xml","title_ssm":["Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910"],"title_tesim":["Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910"],"text":["Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910","VC 0045","Lillian Warner Lawson (1 April 1861- 2 June 1927) was born in Loudoun County and lived near Hamilton all of her life. Her father, Charles Edward Warner (1832-1918), was a farmer. Her mother was Caroline Tavenner Warner (1843-1908). Lillian Warner married Alfred B. Lawson (1856-1936) on 5 September 1881. They had thirteen children: Annie Lawson (1882-1968), Caroline Milbourne (1884-1942), Mary Ann (1885-1951), Charles (19 May 1888-9 June 1888), Josephine (b.1889-1920s), Lizzie (23 June 1890-11 February 1891), Lillian (26 May 1891-2 August 1891) James (1892-1986), Edward (1894-1958), Susan Gillian Parker (1896-1973), Alfred (1898-1952), Charles (1901-1973), and Madge Alice Arnett (1905-1974). Lillian and Alfred Lawson, along with several of their children, are buried at Lakeview Cemetery in Hamilton.","This collection consists of one photographic portrait measuring 51 x 38 cm. It is an albumen print on paperboard, details enhanced with crayon. The emulsion has been severely damaged by exposure to smoke, heat, and dirt, and the portrait is in poor condition. The photographer is unknown, as is the portrait's date. The estimate of 1910 is based on the style of portrait, clothing, and the apparent age of the subject.","This collection consists of one photographic portrait measuring 51 x 38 cm. It is an albumen print on paperboard, details enhanced with crayon. The emulsion has been severely damaged by exposure to smoke, heat, and dirt, and the portrait is in poor condition. The photographer is unknown, as is the portrait's date. The estimate of 1910 is based on the style of portrait, clothing, and the apparent age of the subject.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910"],"collection_ssim":["Lillian Warner Lawson Photograph\nca. 1910"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VC 0045"],"unitid_tesim":["VC 0045"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Nancy Roderick, Leesburg, VA."],"creator_ssim":["Nancy Roderick, Leesburg, VA."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Nancy Roderick, Leesburg, VA."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLillian Warner Lawson (1 April 1861- 2 June 1927) was born in Loudoun County and lived near Hamilton all of her life. Her father, Charles Edward Warner (1832-1918), was a farmer. Her mother was Caroline Tavenner Warner (1843-1908). Lillian Warner married Alfred B. Lawson (1856-1936) on 5 September 1881. They had thirteen children: Annie Lawson (1882-1968), Caroline Milbourne (1884-1942), Mary Ann (1885-1951), Charles (19 May 1888-9 June 1888), Josephine (b.1889-1920s), Lizzie (23 June 1890-11 February 1891), Lillian (26 May 1891-2 August 1891) James (1892-1986), Edward (1894-1958), Susan Gillian Parker (1896-1973), Alfred (1898-1952), Charles (1901-1973), and Madge Alice Arnett (1905-1974). Lillian and Alfred Lawson, along with several of their children, are buried at Lakeview Cemetery in Hamilton.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lillian Warner Lawson (1 April 1861- 2 June 1927) was born in Loudoun County and lived near Hamilton all of her life. Her father, Charles Edward Warner (1832-1918), was a farmer. Her mother was Caroline Tavenner Warner (1843-1908). Lillian Warner married Alfred B. Lawson (1856-1936) on 5 September 1881. They had thirteen children: Annie Lawson (1882-1968), Caroline Milbourne (1884-1942), Mary Ann (1885-1951), Charles (19 May 1888-9 June 1888), Josephine (b.1889-1920s), Lizzie (23 June 1890-11 February 1891), Lillian (26 May 1891-2 August 1891) James (1892-1986), Edward (1894-1958), Susan Gillian Parker (1896-1973), Alfred (1898-1952), Charles (1901-1973), and Madge Alice Arnett (1905-1974). Lillian and Alfred Lawson, along with several of their children, are buried at Lakeview Cemetery in Hamilton."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of one photographic portrait measuring 51 x 38 cm. It is an albumen print on paperboard, details enhanced with crayon. The emulsion has been severely damaged by exposure to smoke, heat, and dirt, and the portrait is in poor condition. The photographer is unknown, as is the portrait's date. The estimate of 1910 is based on the style of portrait, clothing, and the apparent age of the subject.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of one photographic portrait measuring 51 x 38 cm. It is an albumen print on paperboard, details enhanced with crayon. The emulsion has been severely damaged by exposure to smoke, heat, and dirt, and the portrait is in poor condition. The photographer is unknown, as is the portrait's date. The estimate of 1910 is based on the style of portrait, clothing, and the apparent age of the subject."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of one photographic portrait measuring 51 x 38 cm. It is an albumen print on paperboard, details enhanced with crayon. The emulsion has been severely damaged by exposure to smoke, heat, and dirt, and the portrait is in poor condition. The photographer is unknown, as is the portrait's date. The estimate of 1910 is based on the style of portrait, clothing, and the apparent age of the subject. \n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of one photographic portrait measuring 51 x 38 cm. It is an albumen print on paperboard, details enhanced with crayon. The emulsion has been severely damaged by exposure to smoke, heat, and dirt, and the portrait is in poor condition. The photographer is unknown, as is the portrait's date. The estimate of 1910 is based on the style of portrait, clothing, and the apparent age of the subject."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00210_c01"}},{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00211_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"box 1, [title not supplied]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00211_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00211_c01","ref_ssm":["viletbl_viletbl00211_c01"],"id":"viletbl_viletbl00211_c01","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00211","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00211","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00211","parent_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00211","parent_ssim":["Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viletbl_viletbl00211"],"title_filing_ssi":"box 1, [title not supplied]","title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"title_tesim":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"text":["box 1, [title not supplied]","Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"collection_ssim":["Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":18,"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00211","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00211","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00211","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00211","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00211.xml","title_ssm":["Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865"],"title_tesim":["Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865"],"text":["Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865","M 075","Chronological and alphabetical","Confederate forces occupied Leesburg, Virginia in the fall of 1861. In response to skirmishes near Harper's Ferry and Union troop movements across the Potomac River in Maryland, Confederate forces left Leesburg on 17 October 1861, only to return two days later. Major General George McClellan (1826-1885) began probing along the Potomac in an effort to discover why the Confederates had evacuated the town. McClellan ordered Brigadier General Charles P. Stone (1826-1887), encamped across the river near Poolesville, MD, to stage a \"slight demonstration\" and gauge the Confederate reaction.","The demonstration elicited little visible effect, and Stone ordered a reconnaissance patrol to determine any Confederate reaction. About twenty men from the 15th Massachusetts Infantry crossed the river as night fell on 20 October. There they found what they took to be a Confederate camp, but was really a stand of trees. Stone responded to the mistaken intelligence by ordering a raid on the camp, to take place early the next morning.","On 21 October, Colonel Charles Devens (1820-1891) led 300 troops from the 15th Massachusetts across the river while Stone led a smaller group across several miles south at Edward's Ferry. Devens found no enemy camp and quickly reported the mistake, requesting new orders. The new orders were to move towards Leesburg as a reconnaissance. A serving U.S. Senator from Oregon, Colonel Edward Baker (1811-1861), had recently joined the Union forces in Maryland during a Congressional recess and was given command of a brigade under Stone. Stone ordered Baker to Ball's Bluff to make a full report of the situation. En route, Baker crossed paths with one of Devens' messengers, who reported that Devens had engaged the Confederates. Baker ordered more troops to cross the Potomac; as there had been no plan for a full attack, however, there were very few boats available, and the crossing was painfully slow. Approximately 1,720 Union troops crossed from Maryland into Virginia.","The fighting continued sporadically for much of the day, and intensified significantly in the afternoon. Fresh troops from the 17th Mississippi arrived late in the day and broke the Union line just before dusk. The Confederates held the high ground of Ball's Bluff, forcing many Union soldiers into the river. The Union suffered 223 dead, including Colonel Baker, 226 wounded, and 553 captured. The Confederacy suffered 36 dead, 117 wounded, and 2 captured.","The Union loss at the Battle of Ball's Bluff resulted in an investigation by a Congressional Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. General Stone was accused of instigating a battle without proper preparations, leading directly to loss of life and the battle. Stone appeared before the committee on 5 January 1862 and testified; he was arrested in February and imprisoned for seven months with no formal charges. Stone was eventually released, and returned to duty.","Over the course of the Civil War, Leesburg changed hands more than 150 times. The town suffered frequent raids and skirmishes, and the constant flow of soldiers brought sickness and deprivation to the people.","This collection consists of nine manuscript letters and seven cartes de visite (CDV). The collection was brought together by Ben Byrnes, a former resident of Leesburg. He began acquiring items in the late 1990s, but purchased the bulk of the collection after 2009. Several of the letters have transcriptions provided by manuscript sellers.","Six of the letters were written by soldiers who had been present at the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Three letters concerning Jonas Fuller were included in the collection because Fuller died in Leesburg.","Letter 1: William Stone (b. 1842) to his brother on 15 October 1861. At the time of writing, Stone was a private in Company C of the 19th Massachusetts Infantry, and was encamped at \"Vaughn's (Vaughan's) Battery near Edward's Ferry.\" He had enlisted in August in Boston, and this was his first letter home since leaving Massachusetts. Much of the letter is spent describing daily activities of the soldiers and his duties as Secretary of the Post. He discusses the economy of camp life and relates the story of a payroll mistake that left him with extra money. He says that \"Gold and silver is pretty plenty around here now\" among the soldiers, and that local houses are hard pressed to keep up with the demand for food. Stone goes on to describe a local plantation, which he says has the \"appearance of shabbiness and inattention,\" though the household is quite \"aristocratic\" and holds a number of slaves. Stone then describes a \"turning out\" of the company the night of 14 October, caused by Confederate movements on the other side of the river. Stone served throughout the Civil War; he was commissioned into the 9th Veteran Reserve Corps in August 1863 and into the 7th Veteran Reserve Corps in March 1865. He was wounded three times, including at Gettysburg, and survived the war.","Letter 2: George Gray (b.1824), written to his son Arthur (b. 1847) on 6 November 1861 from Camp Benton, near Poolesville, MD. Gray, from Waltham, MA, enlisted in August of 1861as a wagon driver in Company I of the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. At the time of the letter, Arthur was 14 years old. Gray's letter is full of fatherly advice, and encourages the boy to keep his belongings in good order and to do well in school. He talks about the \"five good brass bands within hearing\" of the camp and about the men he has seen whom he knows from home. He asks that Arthur send him paper and word of how things on the farm fare. George Gray survives the war.","Letter 3: Danforth H. Green (1837-1870) on 15 November 1861, at Camp Bates, near Poolesville, MD. Green signed his letter \"Danford,\" but all official documents and publications have his name as \"Danforth.\" Green mustered into Company D of the 3rd New York Cavalry after enlisting in Maryland, NY. His letter is addressed to his \"Distant Cousin,\" but Green makes it clear that he is writing to his whole family. He discusses food in the camp, and mentions that he buys food from local slaves to supplement his diet. Green writes of having seen one fight, probably the Battle of Ball's Bluff, and braggs that he \"felt as cool as I would drinking a glass of Jacob's cider.\" He also mentions that General Stone and \"all of the Colonels . . . have gone to Washington to hold a council of war.\" Green ends the letter by instructing all his kinsmen to write to him as soon as possible. Green survived the war.","Letter 4: Mansfield P. Hatch (b. 1834) to \"Mr. Merrill,\" written 16 November 1861 from Washington, D.C. Hatch, a musician with the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry band, enlisted in September 1861. His letter is full of details of camp life, including football, attempts by Confederate troops to get wheat and straw from an island in the Potomac, and the papers he had managed to acquire. He asks that Merrill prompt people to write him as he does not \"know what to do with myself these long evenings.\" Hatch deserts and reenlists several times, and survives the war.","Letter 5: Charles Devens (1820-1891) to Nathan Hayward, dated 12 January 1862. Devens was a colonel when he wrote the letter. He enlisted at that rank in May 1861 in Worcester, MA and was commissioned into the Massachusetts 3rd Battalion Rifle. He was later commissioned into the 15th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry and was eventually promoted to Major General. Prior to his military career, Devens earned a law degree from Harvard. He practiced law in Massachusetts, served as a state senator (1848-1849) and as a U.S. marshal (1849-1853). After he mustered out, Devens returned to his law practice, served as a judge and became attorney general of the U.S. (1877-1881). Devens died on 7 January 1891. Nathan Hayward (1830-1864) was a graduate of Harvard, and enlisted as assistant surgeon in the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in July 1861. He was promoted to surgeon soon after. Hayward served throughout the war, and was captured at the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg) in September 1862. Hayward survived the war, but died in a cholera outbreak in 1866. In this letter, Devens seems to be rebuking Hayward and questions his honor. It appears that statements from Hayward's writings had been published, and Devens says that even Hayward admitted that they were false. Hayward refused, however, to retract the statements, even under threat of court martial. It is unclear what the statements concerned. Given the date of the letter, however, it is possible that they had to do with the congressional investigation into General Stone's conduct during the Battle of Ball's Bluff.","Letter 6: Jonas Fuller (d. 1862) to his father, Ransom Fuller (1819-1886). Fuller enlisted in Bradford County, PA as a Private in Company A, 141st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry in August of 1862. He spent much of his time in the army at Camp Prescott Smith in Arlington, VA. Fuller is the author of two letters in this collection, and the subject of one additional letter. The first letter, written at Camp Prescott Smith, was addressed to his father on 28 September 1862, not long after his enlistment. In it, Fuller describes his guard duty and expresses concern that his father was examined and found fit to serve, leaving him vulnerable to a draft. Also included in the letter is a note from William Blocher (1835-25 October 1862) to Ransom Fuller. Blocher enlisted with Jonas Fuller and also served in Company A, 141st Pennsylvania Infantry. He also expresses surprise that Ransom was found fit to serve, but doubts that there will be a draft. Blocher goes on to give a brief description of daily life in the regiment. Blocher dies of disease the following 25 October 1862 in Washington, D.C.","Letter 7: Jonas Fuller to his parents, 8 October 1862. Fuller was again writing from Camp Prescott Smith. He describes his daily routine, which consists mainly of drills. He tells his parents that his regiment has orders to have two days of rations on hand at all times in case they are ordered to march. The uncertainty of Fuller's situation is clear when he writes that they \"may stay here 2 months and we may leave in 24 owers.\" Fuller also describes exploring a house while on advance guard, saying \"I never saw the like in Bradford it had been a perfict paradice. The wal was marble and the rooms that wer paperd went ahead of everything that ever was in Herrick, or ever wil be.\" This letter includes a postmarked envelope addressed to \"Mr. Ransome Fuller.\"","Letter 8: Joseph H. Hurst (1836-1896) to Ransom Fuller, 2 November 1862. Hurst enlisted as a sergeant with Jonas Fuller in August 1862. His residence was listed as Bradford County, PA, and it appears that he was known to the Fuller family. Hurst served throughout the war and mustered out in 1865. He rejoined the army in 1867 and served until he retired in 1893, reaching the rank of captain. In this letter, Hurst wrote to Ransom Fuller to relate the details of Jonas Fuller's unexpected death. The 141st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry has left Camp Prescott Smith and moved to Poolesville, MD in October. On Friday, 31 October, they marched to Leesburg. During that move, Hurst says, Fuller began complaining and found it difficult to complete the march. It was clear that Fuller was quite ill the next morning, and the camp doctor diagnosed him as suffering from \"Pernicious or Congestive Fever.\" Hurst writes that he was \"not sensible from 3 oclock in the afternoon until he died\" at 2:30 am 2 November 1862. Hurst details the burial arrangements and the disposition of Fuller's personal belongings, and tells of Leesburg women who laid flowers on his body and offered what help they could. It is clear that Hurst was deeply touched by the actions of the women and by the death of his friend.","Letter 9: Horace A. Derry (1838-c. 1925) to his mother, Mary Derry (b. 1809), 7 January 1863, Stanton Hospital, Washington, D.C. Derry enlisted in Company D, 20th Massachusetts Infantry in August 1861. He was captured during the Battle of Ball's Bluff and held as a prisoner of war. He was paroled on 19 February 1862. Derry was wounded at Fredericksburg on 11 December 1862, and was eventually discharged for these wounds in April 1863. In the December following his discharge he married Stella Mabery, whom he mentions several times in this letter. The letter was written on 7 January 1863 from Stanton Hospital in Washington, D.C., where Derry was recovering from the gunshot wound he received in Fredericksburg. He describes the placement and severity of the wound, as well as the treatment he received in camp and in the hospital. Derry tells his mother that many men are dying of their wounds after losing limbs.","Six cartes de visites are of Union soldiers who were present at Ball's Bluff. The seventh CDV is of Milton M. Rogers, a Confederate officer who enlisted in Leesburg.","M_075_001: Anthony Earle (1839-1913). Earle enlisted in August 1861 as a private in Company D, 15th Massachusetts Infantry. He was taken prisoner at the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Earle served in several regiments over the course of the war. He signed this photograph as a 1st lieutenant in the 61st Massachusetts Infantry.","M_075_002: Charles Lawrence Pierson (1834-1920). Pierson enlisted as a 1st lieutenant in the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in July 1861. He was captured at the Battle of Ball's Bluff and exchanged on 27 January 1862. He was wounded at Spotsylvania and Weldon Railroad, and was promoted to brigadier general (by brevet). This CDV is not dated.","M_075_003: Paul Joseph Revere (1832-1863). Revere was the grandson of Paul Revere. He enlisted at Boston and was commissioned as a major in the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in July 1861. Revere was promoted to brigadier-general (by brevet) in 1863. He was wounded and taken prisoner at the Battle of Ball's Bluff, wounded again in battles at Antietam and Gettysburg. Revere died of wounds received at Gettysburg on 3 July 1863. The CDV is not dated.","M_075_004: Milton M. Rogers (1838-1889). Rogers enlisted in April 1861 at Leesburg. He mustered into Company C of the 17th Virginia Infantry. In May 1862 he was commissioned into Company A of the 38th Virginia Light Artillery. Rogers was taken prisoner at Suffolk, VA in April 1863. The CDV is inscribed on the verso, \"For Mrs. M. with much love, M.W.R.\" and \"Mr. Milton Rogers married a daughter of Uncle Billy and Aunt Ruth.\" M.W.R. is Molly White Rogers, the wife of Milton Rogers and daughter of William Rogers. The image is undated.","M_075_005: CDV, Charles Pomeroy Stone (1826-1887). Stone graduated from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point and served in the U.S.-Mexican War. He continued in active military service until he retired in 1856 and worked in banking. Stone was recalled to the army in 1861 and was made a colonel of the 14th U.S. Infantry and a brigadier-general of volunteers. He took command of division in the Potomac River valley, and was the commanding officer during the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Stone was interrogated by a Congressional Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War in January 1862. Though never charged, Stone was detained in prison for seven months. After the end of the Civil War, Stone worked as an engineer for a mining company in Virginia. In 1870, he went to Egypt and became the chief of the general staff of the Egyptian army. Stone returned from Egypt in 1883 and took up his work as an engineer. He died in New York City in 1887. The CDV is undated, inscribed to Colonel [John S.] Clark (1823-1912), and is signed \"Chas. Stone, Col 14th Inf. BG vol.\"","M_075_006: CDV, Bernard Barton Vassall (1835-1894). Vassall mustered into service in Augst 1861 at Oxford, MA as a 2nd lieutenant with the 15th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. He was captured at the Battle of Ball's Bluff and held prisoner at Richmond, but was eventually exchanged. Vassall left the military in November 1862. He returned to Worcester County, MA, married, and worked as a civil servant until his death in 1894. The CDV is signed but undated, and was inscribed to \"Lt. F W [Francis Warren] Polley\" (1837-1899).","M_075_007: CDV, Horace M. Warren (1842-1864). Warren, a resident of South Reading, MA, enlisted in April 1861 as a private in Company B, 5th Massachusetts Infantry. He also served in the 20th, 50th, and 59th Massachusetts Infantries over the course of the Civil War. Warren was wounded at Ball's Bluff and Totopotomy Creek, and died of wounds received at Weldon Railroad on 19 August 1864.By the time of his death, Warren had reached the rank of major. The undated CDV notes that Warren died \"while acting in the capacity of assistant Adjt. Gen'l.\"","The collection also includes two packets of biographical information on the authors of the letters and the subjects of the cartes de visite. Byrnes gathered much of this information from internet sites and from information provided by manuscript sellers.","This collection consists of nine manuscript letters and seven cartes de visite (CDV). The collection was brought together by Ben Byrnes, a former resident of Leesburg. He began acquiring items in the late 1990s, but purchased the bulk of the collection after 2009. Several of the letters have transcriptions provided by manuscript sellers. Six of the letters were written by soldiers who had been present at the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Three letters concerning Jonas Fuller were included in the collection because Fuller died in Leesburg. Six cartes de visite are of Union soldiers who were present at Ball's Bluff. The seventh CDV is of Milton M. Rogers, a Confederate officer who enlisted in Leesburg.The collection also includes two packets of biographical information on the authors of the letters and the subjects of the cartes de visite. Byrnes gathered much of this information from internet sites and from information provided by manuscript sellers.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865"],"collection_ssim":["Leesburg Civil War Collection\n1861-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 075"],"unitid_tesim":["M 075"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Ben Byrnes, Cumberland Gap, TN"],"creator_ssim":["Ben Byrnes, Cumberland Gap, TN"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Ben Byrnes, Cumberland Gap, TN"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological and alphabetical\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological and alphabetical"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConfederate forces occupied Leesburg, Virginia in the fall of 1861. In response to skirmishes near Harper's Ferry and Union troop movements across the Potomac River in Maryland, Confederate forces left Leesburg on 17 October 1861, only to return two days later. Major General George McClellan (1826-1885) began probing along the Potomac in an effort to discover why the Confederates had evacuated the town. McClellan ordered Brigadier General Charles P. Stone (1826-1887), encamped across the river near Poolesville, MD, to stage a \"slight demonstration\" and gauge the Confederate reaction.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe demonstration elicited little visible effect, and Stone ordered a reconnaissance patrol to determine any Confederate reaction. About twenty men from the 15th Massachusetts Infantry crossed the river as night fell on 20 October. There they found what they took to be a Confederate camp, but was really a stand of trees. Stone responded to the mistaken intelligence by ordering a raid on the camp, to take place early the next morning.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOn 21 October, Colonel Charles Devens (1820-1891) led 300 troops from the 15th Massachusetts across the river while Stone led a smaller group across several miles south at Edward's Ferry. Devens found no enemy camp and quickly reported the mistake, requesting new orders. The new orders were to move towards Leesburg as a reconnaissance. A serving U.S. Senator from Oregon, Colonel Edward Baker (1811-1861), had recently joined the Union forces in Maryland during a Congressional recess and was given command of a brigade under Stone. Stone ordered Baker to Ball's Bluff to make a full report of the situation. En route, Baker crossed paths with one of Devens' messengers, who reported that Devens had engaged the Confederates. Baker ordered more troops to cross the Potomac; as there had been no plan for a full attack, however, there were very few boats available, and the crossing was painfully slow. Approximately 1,720 Union troops crossed from Maryland into Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe fighting continued sporadically for much of the day, and intensified significantly in the afternoon. Fresh troops from the 17th Mississippi arrived late in the day and broke the Union line just before dusk. The Confederates held the high ground of Ball's Bluff, forcing many Union soldiers into the river. The Union suffered 223 dead, including Colonel Baker, 226 wounded, and 553 captured. The Confederacy suffered 36 dead, 117 wounded, and 2 captured. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Union loss at the Battle of Ball's Bluff resulted in an investigation by a Congressional Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. General Stone was accused of instigating a battle without proper preparations, leading directly to loss of life and the battle. Stone appeared before the committee on 5 January 1862 and testified; he was arrested in February and imprisoned for seven months with no formal charges. Stone was eventually released, and returned to duty.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eOver the course of the Civil War, Leesburg changed hands more than 150 times. The town suffered frequent raids and skirmishes, and the constant flow of soldiers brought sickness and deprivation to the people.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Confederate forces occupied Leesburg, Virginia in the fall of 1861. In response to skirmishes near Harper's Ferry and Union troop movements across the Potomac River in Maryland, Confederate forces left Leesburg on 17 October 1861, only to return two days later. Major General George McClellan (1826-1885) began probing along the Potomac in an effort to discover why the Confederates had evacuated the town. McClellan ordered Brigadier General Charles P. Stone (1826-1887), encamped across the river near Poolesville, MD, to stage a \"slight demonstration\" and gauge the Confederate reaction.","The demonstration elicited little visible effect, and Stone ordered a reconnaissance patrol to determine any Confederate reaction. About twenty men from the 15th Massachusetts Infantry crossed the river as night fell on 20 October. There they found what they took to be a Confederate camp, but was really a stand of trees. Stone responded to the mistaken intelligence by ordering a raid on the camp, to take place early the next morning.","On 21 October, Colonel Charles Devens (1820-1891) led 300 troops from the 15th Massachusetts across the river while Stone led a smaller group across several miles south at Edward's Ferry. Devens found no enemy camp and quickly reported the mistake, requesting new orders. The new orders were to move towards Leesburg as a reconnaissance. A serving U.S. Senator from Oregon, Colonel Edward Baker (1811-1861), had recently joined the Union forces in Maryland during a Congressional recess and was given command of a brigade under Stone. Stone ordered Baker to Ball's Bluff to make a full report of the situation. En route, Baker crossed paths with one of Devens' messengers, who reported that Devens had engaged the Confederates. Baker ordered more troops to cross the Potomac; as there had been no plan for a full attack, however, there were very few boats available, and the crossing was painfully slow. Approximately 1,720 Union troops crossed from Maryland into Virginia.","The fighting continued sporadically for much of the day, and intensified significantly in the afternoon. Fresh troops from the 17th Mississippi arrived late in the day and broke the Union line just before dusk. The Confederates held the high ground of Ball's Bluff, forcing many Union soldiers into the river. The Union suffered 223 dead, including Colonel Baker, 226 wounded, and 553 captured. The Confederacy suffered 36 dead, 117 wounded, and 2 captured.","The Union loss at the Battle of Ball's Bluff resulted in an investigation by a Congressional Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War. General Stone was accused of instigating a battle without proper preparations, leading directly to loss of life and the battle. Stone appeared before the committee on 5 January 1862 and testified; he was arrested in February and imprisoned for seven months with no formal charges. Stone was eventually released, and returned to duty.","Over the course of the Civil War, Leesburg changed hands more than 150 times. The town suffered frequent raids and skirmishes, and the constant flow of soldiers brought sickness and deprivation to the people."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of nine manuscript letters and seven \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ecartes de visite\u003c/title\u003e (CDV). The collection was brought together by Ben Byrnes, a former resident of Leesburg. He began acquiring items in the late 1990s, but purchased the bulk of the collection after 2009. Several of the letters have transcriptions provided by manuscript sellers. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSix of the letters were written by soldiers who had been present at the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Three letters concerning Jonas Fuller were included in the collection because Fuller died in Leesburg. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetter 1: William Stone (b. 1842) to his brother on 15 October 1861. At the time of writing, Stone was a private in Company C of the 19th Massachusetts Infantry, and was encamped at \"Vaughn's (Vaughan's) Battery near Edward's Ferry.\" He had enlisted in August in Boston, and this was his first letter home since leaving Massachusetts. Much of the letter is spent describing daily activities of the soldiers and his duties as Secretary of the Post. He discusses the economy of camp life and relates the story of a payroll mistake that left him with extra money. He says that \"Gold and silver is pretty plenty around here now\" among the soldiers, and that local houses are hard pressed to keep up with the demand for food. Stone goes on to describe a local plantation, which he says has the \"appearance of shabbiness and inattention,\" though the household is quite \"aristocratic\" and holds a number of slaves. Stone then describes a \"turning out\" of the company the night of 14 October, caused by Confederate movements on the other side of the river. Stone served throughout the Civil War; he was commissioned into the 9th Veteran Reserve Corps in August 1863 and into the 7th Veteran Reserve Corps in March 1865. He was wounded three times, including at Gettysburg, and survived the war.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetter 2: George Gray (b.1824), written to his son Arthur (b. 1847) on 6 November 1861 from Camp Benton, near Poolesville, MD. Gray, from Waltham, MA, enlisted in August of 1861as a wagon driver in Company I of the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. At the time of the letter, Arthur was 14 years old. Gray's letter is full of fatherly advice, and encourages the boy to keep his belongings in good order and to do well in school. He talks about the \"five good brass bands within hearing\" of the camp and about the men he has seen whom he knows from home. He asks that Arthur send him paper and word of how things on the farm fare. George Gray survives the war.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetter 3: Danforth H. Green (1837-1870) on 15 November 1861, at Camp Bates, near Poolesville, MD. Green signed his letter \"Danford,\" but all official documents and publications have his name as \"Danforth.\" Green mustered into Company D of the 3rd New York Cavalry after enlisting in Maryland, NY. His letter is addressed to his \"Distant Cousin,\" but Green makes it clear that he is writing to his whole family. He discusses food in the camp, and mentions that he buys food from local slaves to supplement his diet. Green writes of having seen one fight, probably the Battle of Ball's Bluff, and braggs that he \"felt as cool as I would drinking a glass of Jacob's cider.\" He also mentions that General Stone and \"all of the Colonels . . . have gone to Washington to hold a council of war.\" Green ends the letter by instructing all his kinsmen to write to him as soon as possible. Green survived the war.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetter 4: Mansfield P. Hatch (b. 1834) to \"Mr. Merrill,\" written 16 November 1861 from Washington, D.C. Hatch, a musician with the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry band, enlisted in September 1861. His letter is full of details of camp life, including football, attempts by Confederate troops to get wheat and straw from an island in the Potomac, and the papers he had managed to acquire. He asks that Merrill prompt people to write him as he does not \"know what to do with myself these long evenings.\" Hatch deserts and reenlists several times, and survives the war.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetter 5: Charles Devens (1820-1891) to Nathan Hayward, dated 12 January 1862. Devens was a colonel when he wrote the letter. He enlisted at that rank in May 1861 in Worcester, MA and was commissioned into the Massachusetts 3rd Battalion Rifle. He was later commissioned into the 15th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry and was eventually promoted to Major General. Prior to his military career, Devens earned a law degree from Harvard. He practiced law in Massachusetts, served as a state senator (1848-1849) and as a U.S. marshal (1849-1853). After he mustered out, Devens returned to his law practice, served as a judge and became attorney general of the U.S. (1877-1881). Devens died on 7 January 1891. Nathan Hayward (1830-1864) was a graduate of Harvard, and enlisted as assistant surgeon in the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in July 1861. He was promoted to surgeon soon after. Hayward served throughout the war, and was captured at the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg) in September 1862. Hayward survived the war, but died in a cholera outbreak in 1866. In this letter, Devens seems to be rebuking Hayward and questions his honor. It appears that statements from Hayward's writings had been published, and Devens says that even Hayward admitted that they were false. Hayward refused, however, to retract the statements, even under threat of court martial. It is unclear what the statements concerned. Given the date of the letter, however, it is possible that they had to do with the congressional investigation into General Stone's conduct during the Battle of Ball's Bluff. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetter 6: Jonas Fuller (d. 1862) to his father, Ransom Fuller (1819-1886). Fuller enlisted in Bradford County, PA as a Private in Company A, 141st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry in August of 1862. He spent much of his time in the army at Camp Prescott Smith in Arlington, VA. Fuller is the author of two letters in this collection, and the subject of one additional letter. The first letter, written at Camp Prescott Smith, was addressed to his father on 28 September 1862, not long after his enlistment. In it, Fuller describes his guard duty and expresses concern that his father was examined and found fit to serve, leaving him vulnerable to a draft. Also included in the letter is a note from William Blocher (1835-25 October 1862) to Ransom Fuller. Blocher enlisted with Jonas Fuller and also served in Company A, 141st Pennsylvania Infantry. He also expresses surprise that Ransom was found fit to serve, but doubts that there will be a draft. Blocher goes on to give a brief description of daily life in the regiment. Blocher dies of disease the following 25 October 1862 in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetter 7: Jonas Fuller to his parents, 8 October 1862. Fuller was again writing from Camp Prescott Smith. He describes his daily routine, which consists mainly of drills. He tells his parents that his regiment has orders to have two days of rations on hand at all times in case they are ordered to march. The uncertainty of Fuller's situation is clear when he writes that they \"may stay here 2 months and we may leave in 24 owers.\" Fuller also describes exploring a house while on advance guard, saying \"I never saw the like in Bradford it had been a perfict paradice. The wal was marble and the rooms that wer paperd went ahead of everything that ever was in Herrick, or ever wil be.\" This letter includes a postmarked envelope addressed to \"Mr. Ransome Fuller.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetter 8: Joseph H. Hurst (1836-1896) to Ransom Fuller, 2 November 1862. Hurst enlisted as a sergeant with Jonas Fuller in August 1862. His residence was listed as Bradford County, PA, and it appears that he was known to the Fuller family. Hurst served throughout the war and mustered out in 1865. He rejoined the army in 1867 and served until he retired in 1893, reaching the rank of captain. In this letter, Hurst wrote to Ransom Fuller to relate the details of Jonas Fuller's unexpected death. The 141st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry has left Camp Prescott Smith and moved to Poolesville, MD in October. On Friday, 31 October, they marched to Leesburg. During that move, Hurst says, Fuller began complaining and found it difficult to complete the march. It was clear that Fuller was quite ill the next morning, and the camp doctor diagnosed him as suffering from \"Pernicious or Congestive Fever.\" Hurst writes that he was \"not sensible from 3 oclock in the afternoon until he died\" at 2:30 am 2 November 1862. Hurst details the burial arrangements and the disposition of Fuller's personal belongings, and tells of Leesburg women who laid flowers on his body and offered what help they could. It is clear that Hurst was deeply touched by the actions of the women and by the death of his friend.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eLetter 9: Horace A. Derry (1838-c. 1925) to his mother, Mary Derry (b. 1809), 7 January 1863, Stanton Hospital, Washington, D.C. Derry enlisted in Company D, 20th Massachusetts Infantry in August 1861. He was captured during the Battle of Ball's Bluff and held as a prisoner of war. He was paroled on 19 February 1862. Derry was wounded at Fredericksburg on 11 December 1862, and was eventually discharged for these wounds in April 1863. In the December following his discharge he married Stella Mabery, whom he mentions several times in this letter. The letter was written on 7 January 1863 from Stanton Hospital in Washington, D.C., where Derry was recovering from the gunshot wound he received in Fredericksburg. He describes the placement and severity of the wound, as well as the treatment he received in camp and in the hospital. Derry tells his mother that many men are dying of their wounds after losing limbs.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSix \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ecartes de visites\u003c/title\u003e are of Union soldiers who were present at Ball's Bluff. The seventh CDV is of Milton M. Rogers, a Confederate officer who enlisted in Leesburg.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eM_075_001: Anthony Earle (1839-1913). Earle enlisted in August 1861 as a private in Company D, 15th Massachusetts Infantry. He was taken prisoner at the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Earle served in several regiments over the course of the war. He signed this photograph as a 1st lieutenant in the 61st Massachusetts Infantry.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eM_075_002: Charles Lawrence Pierson (1834-1920). Pierson enlisted as a 1st lieutenant in the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in July 1861. He was captured at the Battle of Ball's Bluff and exchanged on 27 January 1862. He was wounded at Spotsylvania and Weldon Railroad, and was promoted to brigadier general (by brevet). This CDV is not dated.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eM_075_003: Paul Joseph Revere (1832-1863). Revere was the grandson of Paul Revere. He enlisted at Boston and was commissioned as a major in the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in July 1861. Revere was promoted to brigadier-general (by brevet) in 1863. He was wounded and taken prisoner at the Battle of Ball's Bluff, wounded again in battles at Antietam and Gettysburg. Revere died of wounds received at Gettysburg on 3 July 1863. The CDV is not dated.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eM_075_004: Milton M. Rogers (1838-1889). Rogers enlisted in April 1861 at Leesburg. He mustered into Company C of the 17th Virginia Infantry. In May 1862 he was commissioned into Company A of the 38th Virginia Light Artillery. Rogers was taken prisoner at Suffolk, VA in April 1863. The CDV is inscribed on the verso, \"For Mrs. M. with much love, M.W.R.\" and \"Mr. Milton Rogers married a daughter of Uncle Billy and Aunt Ruth.\" M.W.R. is Molly White Rogers, the wife of Milton Rogers and daughter of William Rogers. The image is undated.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eM_075_005: CDV, Charles Pomeroy Stone (1826-1887). Stone graduated from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point and served in the U.S.-Mexican War. He continued in active military service until he retired in 1856 and worked in banking. Stone was recalled to the army in 1861 and was made a colonel of the 14th U.S. Infantry and a brigadier-general of volunteers. He took command of division in the Potomac River valley, and was the commanding officer during the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Stone was interrogated by a Congressional Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War in January 1862. Though never charged, Stone was detained in prison for seven months. After the end of the Civil War, Stone worked as an engineer for a mining company in Virginia. In 1870, he went to Egypt and became the chief of the general staff of the Egyptian army. Stone returned from Egypt in 1883 and took up his work as an engineer. He died in New York City in 1887. The CDV is undated, inscribed to Colonel [John S.] Clark (1823-1912), and is signed \"Chas. Stone, Col 14th Inf. BG vol.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eM_075_006: CDV, Bernard Barton Vassall (1835-1894). Vassall mustered into service in Augst 1861 at Oxford, MA as a 2nd lieutenant with the 15th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. He was captured at the Battle of Ball's Bluff and held prisoner at Richmond, but was eventually exchanged. Vassall left the military in November 1862. He returned to Worcester County, MA, married, and worked as a civil servant until his death in 1894. The CDV is signed but undated, and was inscribed to \"Lt. F W [Francis Warren] Polley\" (1837-1899).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eM_075_007: CDV, Horace M. Warren (1842-1864). Warren, a resident of South Reading, MA, enlisted in April 1861 as a private in Company B, 5th Massachusetts Infantry. He also served in the 20th, 50th, and 59th Massachusetts Infantries over the course of the Civil War. Warren was wounded at Ball's Bluff and Totopotomy Creek, and died of wounds received at Weldon Railroad on 19 August 1864.By the time of his death, Warren had reached the rank of major. The undated CDV notes that Warren died \"while acting in the capacity of assistant Adjt. Gen'l.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes two packets of biographical information on the authors of the letters and the subjects of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ecartes de visite\u003c/title\u003e. Byrnes gathered much of this information from internet sites and from information provided by manuscript sellers.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of nine manuscript letters and seven cartes de visite (CDV). The collection was brought together by Ben Byrnes, a former resident of Leesburg. He began acquiring items in the late 1990s, but purchased the bulk of the collection after 2009. Several of the letters have transcriptions provided by manuscript sellers.","Six of the letters were written by soldiers who had been present at the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Three letters concerning Jonas Fuller were included in the collection because Fuller died in Leesburg.","Letter 1: William Stone (b. 1842) to his brother on 15 October 1861. At the time of writing, Stone was a private in Company C of the 19th Massachusetts Infantry, and was encamped at \"Vaughn's (Vaughan's) Battery near Edward's Ferry.\" He had enlisted in August in Boston, and this was his first letter home since leaving Massachusetts. Much of the letter is spent describing daily activities of the soldiers and his duties as Secretary of the Post. He discusses the economy of camp life and relates the story of a payroll mistake that left him with extra money. He says that \"Gold and silver is pretty plenty around here now\" among the soldiers, and that local houses are hard pressed to keep up with the demand for food. Stone goes on to describe a local plantation, which he says has the \"appearance of shabbiness and inattention,\" though the household is quite \"aristocratic\" and holds a number of slaves. Stone then describes a \"turning out\" of the company the night of 14 October, caused by Confederate movements on the other side of the river. Stone served throughout the Civil War; he was commissioned into the 9th Veteran Reserve Corps in August 1863 and into the 7th Veteran Reserve Corps in March 1865. He was wounded three times, including at Gettysburg, and survived the war.","Letter 2: George Gray (b.1824), written to his son Arthur (b. 1847) on 6 November 1861 from Camp Benton, near Poolesville, MD. Gray, from Waltham, MA, enlisted in August of 1861as a wagon driver in Company I of the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. At the time of the letter, Arthur was 14 years old. Gray's letter is full of fatherly advice, and encourages the boy to keep his belongings in good order and to do well in school. He talks about the \"five good brass bands within hearing\" of the camp and about the men he has seen whom he knows from home. He asks that Arthur send him paper and word of how things on the farm fare. George Gray survives the war.","Letter 3: Danforth H. Green (1837-1870) on 15 November 1861, at Camp Bates, near Poolesville, MD. Green signed his letter \"Danford,\" but all official documents and publications have his name as \"Danforth.\" Green mustered into Company D of the 3rd New York Cavalry after enlisting in Maryland, NY. His letter is addressed to his \"Distant Cousin,\" but Green makes it clear that he is writing to his whole family. He discusses food in the camp, and mentions that he buys food from local slaves to supplement his diet. Green writes of having seen one fight, probably the Battle of Ball's Bluff, and braggs that he \"felt as cool as I would drinking a glass of Jacob's cider.\" He also mentions that General Stone and \"all of the Colonels . . . have gone to Washington to hold a council of war.\" Green ends the letter by instructing all his kinsmen to write to him as soon as possible. Green survived the war.","Letter 4: Mansfield P. Hatch (b. 1834) to \"Mr. Merrill,\" written 16 November 1861 from Washington, D.C. Hatch, a musician with the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry band, enlisted in September 1861. His letter is full of details of camp life, including football, attempts by Confederate troops to get wheat and straw from an island in the Potomac, and the papers he had managed to acquire. He asks that Merrill prompt people to write him as he does not \"know what to do with myself these long evenings.\" Hatch deserts and reenlists several times, and survives the war.","Letter 5: Charles Devens (1820-1891) to Nathan Hayward, dated 12 January 1862. Devens was a colonel when he wrote the letter. He enlisted at that rank in May 1861 in Worcester, MA and was commissioned into the Massachusetts 3rd Battalion Rifle. He was later commissioned into the 15th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry and was eventually promoted to Major General. Prior to his military career, Devens earned a law degree from Harvard. He practiced law in Massachusetts, served as a state senator (1848-1849) and as a U.S. marshal (1849-1853). After he mustered out, Devens returned to his law practice, served as a judge and became attorney general of the U.S. (1877-1881). Devens died on 7 January 1891. Nathan Hayward (1830-1864) was a graduate of Harvard, and enlisted as assistant surgeon in the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in July 1861. He was promoted to surgeon soon after. Hayward served throughout the war, and was captured at the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg) in September 1862. Hayward survived the war, but died in a cholera outbreak in 1866. In this letter, Devens seems to be rebuking Hayward and questions his honor. It appears that statements from Hayward's writings had been published, and Devens says that even Hayward admitted that they were false. Hayward refused, however, to retract the statements, even under threat of court martial. It is unclear what the statements concerned. Given the date of the letter, however, it is possible that they had to do with the congressional investigation into General Stone's conduct during the Battle of Ball's Bluff.","Letter 6: Jonas Fuller (d. 1862) to his father, Ransom Fuller (1819-1886). Fuller enlisted in Bradford County, PA as a Private in Company A, 141st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry in August of 1862. He spent much of his time in the army at Camp Prescott Smith in Arlington, VA. Fuller is the author of two letters in this collection, and the subject of one additional letter. The first letter, written at Camp Prescott Smith, was addressed to his father on 28 September 1862, not long after his enlistment. In it, Fuller describes his guard duty and expresses concern that his father was examined and found fit to serve, leaving him vulnerable to a draft. Also included in the letter is a note from William Blocher (1835-25 October 1862) to Ransom Fuller. Blocher enlisted with Jonas Fuller and also served in Company A, 141st Pennsylvania Infantry. He also expresses surprise that Ransom was found fit to serve, but doubts that there will be a draft. Blocher goes on to give a brief description of daily life in the regiment. Blocher dies of disease the following 25 October 1862 in Washington, D.C.","Letter 7: Jonas Fuller to his parents, 8 October 1862. Fuller was again writing from Camp Prescott Smith. He describes his daily routine, which consists mainly of drills. He tells his parents that his regiment has orders to have two days of rations on hand at all times in case they are ordered to march. The uncertainty of Fuller's situation is clear when he writes that they \"may stay here 2 months and we may leave in 24 owers.\" Fuller also describes exploring a house while on advance guard, saying \"I never saw the like in Bradford it had been a perfict paradice. The wal was marble and the rooms that wer paperd went ahead of everything that ever was in Herrick, or ever wil be.\" This letter includes a postmarked envelope addressed to \"Mr. Ransome Fuller.\"","Letter 8: Joseph H. Hurst (1836-1896) to Ransom Fuller, 2 November 1862. Hurst enlisted as a sergeant with Jonas Fuller in August 1862. His residence was listed as Bradford County, PA, and it appears that he was known to the Fuller family. Hurst served throughout the war and mustered out in 1865. He rejoined the army in 1867 and served until he retired in 1893, reaching the rank of captain. In this letter, Hurst wrote to Ransom Fuller to relate the details of Jonas Fuller's unexpected death. The 141st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry has left Camp Prescott Smith and moved to Poolesville, MD in October. On Friday, 31 October, they marched to Leesburg. During that move, Hurst says, Fuller began complaining and found it difficult to complete the march. It was clear that Fuller was quite ill the next morning, and the camp doctor diagnosed him as suffering from \"Pernicious or Congestive Fever.\" Hurst writes that he was \"not sensible from 3 oclock in the afternoon until he died\" at 2:30 am 2 November 1862. Hurst details the burial arrangements and the disposition of Fuller's personal belongings, and tells of Leesburg women who laid flowers on his body and offered what help they could. It is clear that Hurst was deeply touched by the actions of the women and by the death of his friend.","Letter 9: Horace A. Derry (1838-c. 1925) to his mother, Mary Derry (b. 1809), 7 January 1863, Stanton Hospital, Washington, D.C. Derry enlisted in Company D, 20th Massachusetts Infantry in August 1861. He was captured during the Battle of Ball's Bluff and held as a prisoner of war. He was paroled on 19 February 1862. Derry was wounded at Fredericksburg on 11 December 1862, and was eventually discharged for these wounds in April 1863. In the December following his discharge he married Stella Mabery, whom he mentions several times in this letter. The letter was written on 7 January 1863 from Stanton Hospital in Washington, D.C., where Derry was recovering from the gunshot wound he received in Fredericksburg. He describes the placement and severity of the wound, as well as the treatment he received in camp and in the hospital. Derry tells his mother that many men are dying of their wounds after losing limbs.","Six cartes de visites are of Union soldiers who were present at Ball's Bluff. The seventh CDV is of Milton M. Rogers, a Confederate officer who enlisted in Leesburg.","M_075_001: Anthony Earle (1839-1913). Earle enlisted in August 1861 as a private in Company D, 15th Massachusetts Infantry. He was taken prisoner at the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Earle served in several regiments over the course of the war. He signed this photograph as a 1st lieutenant in the 61st Massachusetts Infantry.","M_075_002: Charles Lawrence Pierson (1834-1920). Pierson enlisted as a 1st lieutenant in the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in July 1861. He was captured at the Battle of Ball's Bluff and exchanged on 27 January 1862. He was wounded at Spotsylvania and Weldon Railroad, and was promoted to brigadier general (by brevet). This CDV is not dated.","M_075_003: Paul Joseph Revere (1832-1863). Revere was the grandson of Paul Revere. He enlisted at Boston and was commissioned as a major in the 20th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry in July 1861. Revere was promoted to brigadier-general (by brevet) in 1863. He was wounded and taken prisoner at the Battle of Ball's Bluff, wounded again in battles at Antietam and Gettysburg. Revere died of wounds received at Gettysburg on 3 July 1863. The CDV is not dated.","M_075_004: Milton M. Rogers (1838-1889). Rogers enlisted in April 1861 at Leesburg. He mustered into Company C of the 17th Virginia Infantry. In May 1862 he was commissioned into Company A of the 38th Virginia Light Artillery. Rogers was taken prisoner at Suffolk, VA in April 1863. The CDV is inscribed on the verso, \"For Mrs. M. with much love, M.W.R.\" and \"Mr. Milton Rogers married a daughter of Uncle Billy and Aunt Ruth.\" M.W.R. is Molly White Rogers, the wife of Milton Rogers and daughter of William Rogers. The image is undated.","M_075_005: CDV, Charles Pomeroy Stone (1826-1887). Stone graduated from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point and served in the U.S.-Mexican War. He continued in active military service until he retired in 1856 and worked in banking. Stone was recalled to the army in 1861 and was made a colonel of the 14th U.S. Infantry and a brigadier-general of volunteers. He took command of division in the Potomac River valley, and was the commanding officer during the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Stone was interrogated by a Congressional Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War in January 1862. Though never charged, Stone was detained in prison for seven months. After the end of the Civil War, Stone worked as an engineer for a mining company in Virginia. In 1870, he went to Egypt and became the chief of the general staff of the Egyptian army. Stone returned from Egypt in 1883 and took up his work as an engineer. He died in New York City in 1887. The CDV is undated, inscribed to Colonel [John S.] Clark (1823-1912), and is signed \"Chas. Stone, Col 14th Inf. BG vol.\"","M_075_006: CDV, Bernard Barton Vassall (1835-1894). Vassall mustered into service in Augst 1861 at Oxford, MA as a 2nd lieutenant with the 15th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. He was captured at the Battle of Ball's Bluff and held prisoner at Richmond, but was eventually exchanged. Vassall left the military in November 1862. He returned to Worcester County, MA, married, and worked as a civil servant until his death in 1894. The CDV is signed but undated, and was inscribed to \"Lt. F W [Francis Warren] Polley\" (1837-1899).","M_075_007: CDV, Horace M. Warren (1842-1864). Warren, a resident of South Reading, MA, enlisted in April 1861 as a private in Company B, 5th Massachusetts Infantry. He also served in the 20th, 50th, and 59th Massachusetts Infantries over the course of the Civil War. Warren was wounded at Ball's Bluff and Totopotomy Creek, and died of wounds received at Weldon Railroad on 19 August 1864.By the time of his death, Warren had reached the rank of major. The undated CDV notes that Warren died \"while acting in the capacity of assistant Adjt. Gen'l.\"","The collection also includes two packets of biographical information on the authors of the letters and the subjects of the cartes de visite. Byrnes gathered much of this information from internet sites and from information provided by manuscript sellers."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of nine manuscript letters and seven \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ecartes de visite\u003c/title\u003e (CDV). The collection was brought together by Ben Byrnes, a former resident of Leesburg. He began acquiring items in the late 1990s, but purchased the bulk of the collection after 2009. Several of the letters have transcriptions provided by manuscript sellers. Six of the letters were written by soldiers who had been present at the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Three letters concerning Jonas Fuller were included in the collection because Fuller died in Leesburg. Six \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ecartes de visite\u003c/title\u003e are of Union soldiers who were present at Ball's Bluff. The seventh CDV is of Milton M. Rogers, a Confederate officer who enlisted in Leesburg.The collection also includes two packets of biographical information on the authors of the letters and the subjects of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ecartes de visite\u003c/title\u003e. Byrnes gathered much of this information from internet sites and from information provided by manuscript sellers.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of nine manuscript letters and seven cartes de visite (CDV). The collection was brought together by Ben Byrnes, a former resident of Leesburg. He began acquiring items in the late 1990s, but purchased the bulk of the collection after 2009. Several of the letters have transcriptions provided by manuscript sellers. Six of the letters were written by soldiers who had been present at the Battle of Ball's Bluff. Three letters concerning Jonas Fuller were included in the collection because Fuller died in Leesburg. Six cartes de visite are of Union soldiers who were present at Ball's Bluff. The seventh CDV is of Milton M. Rogers, a Confederate officer who enlisted in Leesburg.The collection also includes two packets of biographical information on the authors of the letters and the subjects of the cartes de visite. Byrnes gathered much of this information from internet sites and from information provided by manuscript sellers."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":19,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00211_c01"}},{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00212_c01","type":"Series","attributes":{"title":"box 1, [title not supplied]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00212_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00212_c01","ref_ssm":["viletbl_viletbl00212_c01"],"id":"viletbl_viletbl00212_c01","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00212","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00212","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00212","parent_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00212","parent_ssim":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viletbl_viletbl00212"],"title_filing_ssi":"box 1, [title not supplied]","title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"title_tesim":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["box 1, [title not supplied]"],"text":["box 1, [title not supplied]","Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993"],"level_ssm":["Series"],"level_ssim":["Series"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":1,"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"collection_ssim":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":14,"_nest_path_":"/components#0","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00212","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00212","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00212","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00212","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00212.xml","title_ssm":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993"],"title_tesim":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993"],"text":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993","M 071, OM 017","Chronological","The Ebenezer Church, also referred to as Ebenezer Meeting House, located in Bloomfield, Loudoun County, Virginia was constituted in April 1804 by nine members of the Goose Creek Baptist Church and eight members of the Ketoctin Baptist Church who were dismissed from their congregations for the purpose of creating a new congregation. In 1834, doctrinal split and accusations and investigations of disorderly conduct resulted in the division of the congregation into the Old School and New School doctrines. In January 1834, Samuel Butcher, Jr. (fl. 1830s) deeded two acres of land to trustees of Ebenezer Church and gave instructions to allow any party of Baptist to use the Ebenezer Meeting House.","Both the Old School and New School Baptist congregations used the meeting house from 1834-1855. In 1855, the New School congregation built their own church after a fire in the Old Church. The New School built the New Church on land deeded from William Galleher (fl. 1850s) and his wife, Mary Galleher (fl. 1850s). In 1887, Ebenezer Cemetery Company was incorporated, and New Church's cemetery was chartered in 1888, however there is evidence of burials prior to the official chartering of the cemetery. Services in the Old Church discontinued in the early 1900s and The Cemetery Company acquired the title to the Old Church in 1934. The Cemetery Company's charter was revoked for non-payment of taxes in 1941 and it is believed that the New Church stopped holding services several years before this.","In December 1959, The Ebenezer Cemetery Company was officially reorganized and incorporated. Since the incorporation of the Ebenezer Cemetery Company the church has cleaned up the cemeteries, purchased land, and restored the churches. Both the Old and New Church were restored in the 1970s and 1980s. Ebenezer Cemetery Company won the Loudoun Preservation Society Award of Merit in 1992 and the churches were placed on the Virginia Register of Historical Places and National Register of Historical Places in1994.","This collection consists of the official records of Ebenezer Cemetery Company, including meetings and minutes from the years 1967-1993; treasurer's reports from the years 1965-1993; official and personal correspondence between board members and others; documents relating to programs held at the church; a list of the Company's directors and officers from the years 1936-1992. Also included are over 400 records of grave markers and Confederate grave markers.","The Ebenezer Cemetery Record ledger contains documents showing a change in the lot number system, an index of grave plots (1888-1967), and a list of endowments made to the cemetery. The collection also includes oversized sketches of the New Cemetery dated 1978 and 1979, and six ledgers. The ledgers, which cover the years 1923-1966, comprise a variety of records including: lot records, receipts, disbursements, endowments, donations, bonds, expenses and dues, meeting minutes, and a caretaker's book from the years of 1923-1966.","A scrapbook contains newspaper articles and images from the years 1890-1985. Some of the images found in the scrapbook include photographs of renowned painter and Airmont, VA native, Lucien Powell (1846-1930), church events (1984), restoration of the churches (1979), and more. Separate from the scrapbook's collection of images are photographs of Baptist pastors, Dr. J.L. Dagg (1794-1884) and Dr. Isaac Lake (1837-1922).","The collection also includes the project that earned Ebenezer Cemetery Company the Loudoun Preservation Society Award and the awarded certificate. Additional information about the church and cemetery can be found in the included Report of the National Register of Historic Places and the Application to Virginia Landmarks Register.","This collection consists of the official records of Ebenezer Cemetery Company, including meetings and minutes from the years 1967-1993; treasurer's reports from the years 1965-1993; official and personal correspondence between board members and others; documents relating to programs held at the church; a list of the Company's directors and officers from the years 1936-1992. Also included are over 400 records of grave markers and Confederate grave markers.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993"],"collection_ssim":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company Records\n1888-1993"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 071, OM 017"],"unitid_tesim":["M 071, OM 017"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company, Bloomfield, VA"],"creator_ssim":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company, Bloomfield, VA"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Ebenezer Cemetery Company, Bloomfield, VA."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ebenezer Church, also referred to as Ebenezer Meeting House, located in Bloomfield, Loudoun County, Virginia was constituted in April 1804 by nine members of the Goose Creek Baptist Church and eight members of the Ketoctin Baptist Church who were dismissed from their congregations for the purpose of creating a new congregation. In 1834, doctrinal split and accusations and investigations of disorderly conduct resulted in the division of the congregation into the Old School and New School doctrines. In January 1834, Samuel Butcher, Jr. (fl. 1830s) deeded two acres of land to trustees of Ebenezer Church and gave instructions to allow any party of Baptist to use the Ebenezer Meeting House.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eBoth the Old School and New School Baptist congregations used the meeting house from 1834-1855. In 1855, the New School congregation built their own church after a fire in the Old Church. The New School built the New Church on land deeded from William Galleher (fl. 1850s) and his wife, Mary Galleher (fl. 1850s). In 1887, Ebenezer Cemetery Company was incorporated, and New Church's cemetery was chartered in 1888, however there is evidence of burials prior to the official chartering of the cemetery. Services in the Old Church discontinued in the early 1900s and The Cemetery Company acquired the title to the Old Church in 1934. The Cemetery Company's charter was revoked for non-payment of taxes in 1941 and it is believed that the New Church stopped holding services several years before this.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eIn December 1959, The Ebenezer Cemetery Company was officially reorganized and incorporated. Since the incorporation of the Ebenezer Cemetery Company the church has cleaned up the cemeteries, purchased land, and restored the churches. Both the Old and New Church were restored in the 1970s and 1980s. Ebenezer Cemetery Company won the Loudoun Preservation Society Award of Merit in 1992 and the churches were placed on the Virginia Register of Historical Places and National Register of Historical Places in1994.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Ebenezer Church, also referred to as Ebenezer Meeting House, located in Bloomfield, Loudoun County, Virginia was constituted in April 1804 by nine members of the Goose Creek Baptist Church and eight members of the Ketoctin Baptist Church who were dismissed from their congregations for the purpose of creating a new congregation. In 1834, doctrinal split and accusations and investigations of disorderly conduct resulted in the division of the congregation into the Old School and New School doctrines. In January 1834, Samuel Butcher, Jr. (fl. 1830s) deeded two acres of land to trustees of Ebenezer Church and gave instructions to allow any party of Baptist to use the Ebenezer Meeting House.","Both the Old School and New School Baptist congregations used the meeting house from 1834-1855. In 1855, the New School congregation built their own church after a fire in the Old Church. The New School built the New Church on land deeded from William Galleher (fl. 1850s) and his wife, Mary Galleher (fl. 1850s). In 1887, Ebenezer Cemetery Company was incorporated, and New Church's cemetery was chartered in 1888, however there is evidence of burials prior to the official chartering of the cemetery. Services in the Old Church discontinued in the early 1900s and The Cemetery Company acquired the title to the Old Church in 1934. The Cemetery Company's charter was revoked for non-payment of taxes in 1941 and it is believed that the New Church stopped holding services several years before this.","In December 1959, The Ebenezer Cemetery Company was officially reorganized and incorporated. Since the incorporation of the Ebenezer Cemetery Company the church has cleaned up the cemeteries, purchased land, and restored the churches. Both the Old and New Church were restored in the 1970s and 1980s. Ebenezer Cemetery Company won the Loudoun Preservation Society Award of Merit in 1992 and the churches were placed on the Virginia Register of Historical Places and National Register of Historical Places in1994."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the official records of Ebenezer Cemetery Company, including meetings and minutes from the years 1967-1993; treasurer's reports from the years 1965-1993; official and personal correspondence between board members and others; documents relating to programs held at the church; a list of the Company's directors and officers from the years 1936-1992. Also included are over 400 records of grave markers and Confederate grave markers.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Ebenezer Cemetery Record ledger contains documents showing a change in the lot number system, an index of grave plots (1888-1967), and a list of endowments made to the cemetery. The collection also includes oversized sketches of the New Cemetery dated 1978 and 1979, and six ledgers. The ledgers, which cover the years 1923-1966, comprise a variety of records including: lot records, receipts, disbursements, endowments, donations, bonds, expenses and dues, meeting minutes, and a caretaker's book from the years of 1923-1966. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eA scrapbook contains newspaper articles and images from the years 1890-1985. Some of the images found in the scrapbook include photographs of renowned painter and Airmont, VA native, Lucien Powell (1846-1930), church events (1984), restoration of the churches (1979), and more. Separate from the scrapbook's collection of images are photographs of Baptist pastors, Dr. J.L. Dagg (1794-1884) and Dr. Isaac Lake (1837-1922).\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes the project that earned Ebenezer Cemetery Company the Loudoun Preservation Society Award and the awarded certificate. Additional information about the church and cemetery can be found in the included Report of the National Register of Historic Places and the Application to Virginia Landmarks Register. \u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the official records of Ebenezer Cemetery Company, including meetings and minutes from the years 1967-1993; treasurer's reports from the years 1965-1993; official and personal correspondence between board members and others; documents relating to programs held at the church; a list of the Company's directors and officers from the years 1936-1992. Also included are over 400 records of grave markers and Confederate grave markers.","The Ebenezer Cemetery Record ledger contains documents showing a change in the lot number system, an index of grave plots (1888-1967), and a list of endowments made to the cemetery. The collection also includes oversized sketches of the New Cemetery dated 1978 and 1979, and six ledgers. The ledgers, which cover the years 1923-1966, comprise a variety of records including: lot records, receipts, disbursements, endowments, donations, bonds, expenses and dues, meeting minutes, and a caretaker's book from the years of 1923-1966.","A scrapbook contains newspaper articles and images from the years 1890-1985. Some of the images found in the scrapbook include photographs of renowned painter and Airmont, VA native, Lucien Powell (1846-1930), church events (1984), restoration of the churches (1979), and more. Separate from the scrapbook's collection of images are photographs of Baptist pastors, Dr. J.L. Dagg (1794-1884) and Dr. Isaac Lake (1837-1922).","The collection also includes the project that earned Ebenezer Cemetery Company the Loudoun Preservation Society Award and the awarded certificate. Additional information about the church and cemetery can be found in the included Report of the National Register of Historic Places and the Application to Virginia Landmarks Register."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection consists of the official records of Ebenezer Cemetery Company, including meetings and minutes from the years 1967-1993; treasurer's reports from the years 1965-1993; official and personal correspondence between board members and others; documents relating to programs held at the church; a list of the Company's directors and officers from the years 1936-1992. Also included are over 400 records of grave markers and Confederate grave markers.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection consists of the official records of Ebenezer Cemetery Company, including meetings and minutes from the years 1967-1993; treasurer's reports from the years 1965-1993; official and personal correspondence between board members and others; documents relating to programs held at the church; a list of the Company's directors and officers from the years 1936-1992. Also included are over 400 records of grave markers and Confederate grave markers."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":43,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:22:56.531Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00212_c01"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Thomas Balch Library","value":"Thomas Balch Library","hits":538},"links":{"remove":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Thomas+Balch+Library"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Thomas+Balch+Library"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"Out of the Attic\" Collection, 1979-1993","value":"\"Out 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