{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=45\u0026view=list","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=44\u0026view=list","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=46\u0026view=list","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=4728\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":45,"next_page":46,"prev_page":44,"total_pages":4728,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":440,"total_count":47280,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00201","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00201#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Unknown. Transferred to Thomas Balch Library in 1994 from Loudoun County Public Library.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00201#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the \u003cem type=\"simple\"\u003eGenius of Liberty\u003c/em\u003e. ","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00201#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00201","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00201","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00201","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00201","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00201.xml","title_ssm":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818"],"title_tesim":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0099\n"],"text":["SC 0099\n","Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818","Collection open for research .\n","2004.0105X\n","None\n","Folder\n","Elizabeth Marye Dunn found on FindaGrave.com 2-15-2012.\n","Hopkins, Margaret Lail and Nancy Hopkins Phillips,  The Anglican Parishes of Loudoun County, Virginia Truro, Cameron and Shelburne 1736-1805 .  Lovettsville, VA: Willow Bend Books, 1997.","Loudoun Cemetery Database, http://www.leesburgva.gov/index.aspx?page=940 accessed, 14 February 2012.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 26 May 1818.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 02 June 1818.","\"Masonic Procession,\" Genius of Liberty, 30 June 1818.","\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 23 March 1819.","\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 29 June 1819.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 4 January 1820.","Meade, William.  Old Churches Ministers and Families of Virginia , 2 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 1978.","A Partial List of the Descendants of the Rev. James Marye  (1886) accessed on openlibrary.org, 2-15-2012.","Worsely, Lizzie.  Old St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg, VA 1760-1897 . Leesburg, VA: Washingtonian Print (reprinted July 1996, St. James Church Centennial Celebration 1907-1997 by Insty-Prints, Leesburg, VA.)","John Dunn (ca. 1750-1827) married Elizabeth Marye (ca. 1774-1851) a daughter of the the Reverend  James Marye (1731-1780).  She was a granddaughter of the Reverend James Mayre, (d. 1767), a Huguenot refugee, and Letitia Maria Ann Staige (d. 1739).  The first Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia, James Madison (1749-1812), ordained Dunn an Episcopal priest. Dunn served in St. John's Parish, King William County (ca. 1797), Manchester Parish, Chesterfield County (ca. 1799) and Shelburne Parish (St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg), Loudoun County (1801-1827).  He served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Diocese of Virginia up until his death.  There being no Episcopal church building in Leesburg during the years 1801-1812 Dunn celebrated services in the Old Presbyterian Church and the Clerk's office.  In Middleburg he celebrated services in the Free Church.   In April 1827, Dunn suffered paralysis while performing a service in Middleburg, was moved to Leesburg, where he died shortly thereafter. Dunn was buried under the floor of the old St. James Episcopal Church chancel over which a memorial monument was erected by the congregation. According to the Loudoun Cemetery database Dunn is buried in the Old Episcopal Church Cemetery, Leesburg, Virginia.\n","John Dunn was an active member of the fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons and a member of the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges in Leesburg.  According to advertisements and articles in the Genius of Liberty, 1818-1820, the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges, annually celebrated the feast of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist to whom their lodges were dedicated.  The Reverend John Dunn preached the sermon for this celebration in 1818 and 1819. In 1818 the presentation was adapted from the text, Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\"","None\n","Alexandra S. Gressitt, 15 February 2012\n","Diaries of Samuel B.T. Caldwell, 1811-1820 (SC 0004);  Genius of Liberty  (microfilmed newspapers)\n","This collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from  Hebrews  XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the  Genius of Liberty . \n","None\n","Physical characteristics and conditions affect use of this material.  Photocopying not permitted.\n","This collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the  Genius of Liberty . \n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0099\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818"],"collection_title_tesim":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818"],"collection_ssim":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Unknown. Transferred to Thomas Balch Library in 1994 from Loudoun County Public Library.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Unknown. Transferred to Thomas Balch Library in 1994 from Loudoun County Public Library.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Unknown. Transferred to Thomas Balch Library in 1994 from Loudoun County Public Library.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open for research .\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open for research .\n"],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e2004.0105X\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals\n"],"accruals_tesim":["2004.0105X\n"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available\n"],"altformavail_tesim":["None\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFolder\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Folder\n"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eElizabeth Marye Dunn found on FindaGrave.com 2-15-2012.\n\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eHopkins, Margaret Lail and Nancy Hopkins Phillips, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Anglican Parishes of Loudoun County, Virginia Truro, Cameron and Shelburne 1736-1805\u003c/title\u003e.  Lovettsville, VA: Willow Bend Books, 1997.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eLoudoun Cemetery Database, http://www.leesburgva.gov/index.aspx?page=940 accessed, 14 February 2012.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 26 May 1818.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 02 June 1818.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic Procession,\" Genius of Liberty, 30 June 1818.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 23 March 1819.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 29 June 1819.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 4 January 1820.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eMeade, William. \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eOld Churches Ministers and Families of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, 2 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 1978.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eA Partial List of the Descendants of the Rev. James Marye\u003c/title\u003e (1886) accessed on openlibrary.org, 2-15-2012.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eWorsely, Lizzie. \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eOld St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg, VA 1760-1897\u003c/title\u003e. Leesburg, VA: Washingtonian Print (reprinted July 1996, St. James Church Centennial Celebration 1907-1997 by Insty-Prints, Leesburg, VA.)\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography\n"],"bibliography_tesim":["Elizabeth Marye Dunn found on FindaGrave.com 2-15-2012.\n","Hopkins, Margaret Lail and Nancy Hopkins Phillips,  The Anglican Parishes of Loudoun County, Virginia Truro, Cameron and Shelburne 1736-1805 .  Lovettsville, VA: Willow Bend Books, 1997.","Loudoun Cemetery Database, http://www.leesburgva.gov/index.aspx?page=940 accessed, 14 February 2012.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 26 May 1818.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 02 June 1818.","\"Masonic Procession,\" Genius of Liberty, 30 June 1818.","\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 23 March 1819.","\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 29 June 1819.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 4 January 1820.","Meade, William.  Old Churches Ministers and Families of Virginia , 2 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 1978.","A Partial List of the Descendants of the Rev. James Marye  (1886) accessed on openlibrary.org, 2-15-2012.","Worsely, Lizzie.  Old St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg, VA 1760-1897 . Leesburg, VA: Washingtonian Print (reprinted July 1996, St. James Church Centennial Celebration 1907-1997 by Insty-Prints, Leesburg, VA.)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Dunn (ca. 1750-1827) married Elizabeth Marye (ca. 1774-1851) a daughter of the the Reverend  James Marye (1731-1780).  She was a granddaughter of the Reverend James Mayre, (d. 1767), a Huguenot refugee, and Letitia Maria Ann Staige (d. 1739).  The first Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia, James Madison (1749-1812), ordained Dunn an Episcopal priest. Dunn served in St. John's Parish, King William County (ca. 1797), Manchester Parish, Chesterfield County (ca. 1799) and Shelburne Parish (St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg), Loudoun County (1801-1827).  He served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Diocese of Virginia up until his death.  There being no Episcopal church building in Leesburg during the years 1801-1812 Dunn celebrated services in the Old Presbyterian Church and the Clerk's office.  In Middleburg he celebrated services in the Free Church.   In April 1827, Dunn suffered paralysis while performing a service in Middleburg, was moved to Leesburg, where he died shortly thereafter. Dunn was buried under the floor of the old St. James Episcopal Church chancel over which a memorial monument was erected by the congregation. According to the Loudoun Cemetery database Dunn is buried in the Old Episcopal Church Cemetery, Leesburg, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Dunn was an active member of the fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons and a member of the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges in Leesburg.  According to advertisements and articles in the Genius of Liberty, 1818-1820, the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges, annually celebrated the feast of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist to whom their lodges were dedicated.  The Reverend John Dunn preached the sermon for this celebration in 1818 and 1819. In 1818 the presentation was adapted from the text, Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Dunn (ca. 1750-1827) married Elizabeth Marye (ca. 1774-1851) a daughter of the the Reverend  James Marye (1731-1780).  She was a granddaughter of the Reverend James Mayre, (d. 1767), a Huguenot refugee, and Letitia Maria Ann Staige (d. 1739).  The first Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia, James Madison (1749-1812), ordained Dunn an Episcopal priest. Dunn served in St. John's Parish, King William County (ca. 1797), Manchester Parish, Chesterfield County (ca. 1799) and Shelburne Parish (St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg), Loudoun County (1801-1827).  He served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Diocese of Virginia up until his death.  There being no Episcopal church building in Leesburg during the years 1801-1812 Dunn celebrated services in the Old Presbyterian Church and the Clerk's office.  In Middleburg he celebrated services in the Free Church.   In April 1827, Dunn suffered paralysis while performing a service in Middleburg, was moved to Leesburg, where he died shortly thereafter. Dunn was buried under the floor of the old St. James Episcopal Church chancel over which a memorial monument was erected by the congregation. According to the Loudoun Cemetery database Dunn is buried in the Old Episcopal Church Cemetery, Leesburg, Virginia.\n","John Dunn was an active member of the fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons and a member of the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges in Leesburg.  According to advertisements and articles in the Genius of Liberty, 1818-1820, the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges, annually celebrated the feast of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist to whom their lodges were dedicated.  The Reverend John Dunn preached the sermon for this celebration in 1818 and 1819. In 1818 the presentation was adapted from the text, Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\""],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid\n"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["None\n"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements\n"],"phystech_tesim":["None\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAddress by the Reverend John Dunn, 1818 (SC0099) Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA..\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn, 1818 (SC0099) Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA..\n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandra S. Gressitt, 15 February 2012\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Alexandra S. Gressitt, 15 February 2012\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDiaries of Samuel B.T. Caldwell, 1811-1820 (SC 0004); \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGenius of Liberty\u003c/title\u003e (microfilmed newspapers)\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Diaries of Samuel B.T. Caldwell, 1811-1820 (SC 0004);  Genius of Liberty  (microfilmed newspapers)\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHebrews\u003c/title\u003e XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGenius of Liberty\u003c/title\u003e. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from  Hebrews  XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the  Genius of Liberty . \n"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material\n"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["None\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhysical characteristics and conditions affect use of this material.  Photocopying not permitted.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Physical characteristics and conditions affect use of this material.  Photocopying not permitted.\n"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGenius of Liberty\u003c/title\u003e. \n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the  Genius of Liberty . \n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T16:32:25.723Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viletbl_viletbl00201","ead_ssi":"viletbl_viletbl00201","_root_":"viletbl_viletbl00201","_nest_parent_":"viletbl_viletbl00201","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/tbl/viletbl00201.xml","title_ssm":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818"],"title_tesim":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0099\n"],"text":["SC 0099\n","Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818","Collection open for research .\n","2004.0105X\n","None\n","Folder\n","Elizabeth Marye Dunn found on FindaGrave.com 2-15-2012.\n","Hopkins, Margaret Lail and Nancy Hopkins Phillips,  The Anglican Parishes of Loudoun County, Virginia Truro, Cameron and Shelburne 1736-1805 .  Lovettsville, VA: Willow Bend Books, 1997.","Loudoun Cemetery Database, http://www.leesburgva.gov/index.aspx?page=940 accessed, 14 February 2012.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 26 May 1818.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 02 June 1818.","\"Masonic Procession,\" Genius of Liberty, 30 June 1818.","\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 23 March 1819.","\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 29 June 1819.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 4 January 1820.","Meade, William.  Old Churches Ministers and Families of Virginia , 2 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 1978.","A Partial List of the Descendants of the Rev. James Marye  (1886) accessed on openlibrary.org, 2-15-2012.","Worsely, Lizzie.  Old St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg, VA 1760-1897 . Leesburg, VA: Washingtonian Print (reprinted July 1996, St. James Church Centennial Celebration 1907-1997 by Insty-Prints, Leesburg, VA.)","John Dunn (ca. 1750-1827) married Elizabeth Marye (ca. 1774-1851) a daughter of the the Reverend  James Marye (1731-1780).  She was a granddaughter of the Reverend James Mayre, (d. 1767), a Huguenot refugee, and Letitia Maria Ann Staige (d. 1739).  The first Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia, James Madison (1749-1812), ordained Dunn an Episcopal priest. Dunn served in St. John's Parish, King William County (ca. 1797), Manchester Parish, Chesterfield County (ca. 1799) and Shelburne Parish (St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg), Loudoun County (1801-1827).  He served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Diocese of Virginia up until his death.  There being no Episcopal church building in Leesburg during the years 1801-1812 Dunn celebrated services in the Old Presbyterian Church and the Clerk's office.  In Middleburg he celebrated services in the Free Church.   In April 1827, Dunn suffered paralysis while performing a service in Middleburg, was moved to Leesburg, where he died shortly thereafter. Dunn was buried under the floor of the old St. James Episcopal Church chancel over which a memorial monument was erected by the congregation. According to the Loudoun Cemetery database Dunn is buried in the Old Episcopal Church Cemetery, Leesburg, Virginia.\n","John Dunn was an active member of the fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons and a member of the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges in Leesburg.  According to advertisements and articles in the Genius of Liberty, 1818-1820, the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges, annually celebrated the feast of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist to whom their lodges were dedicated.  The Reverend John Dunn preached the sermon for this celebration in 1818 and 1819. In 1818 the presentation was adapted from the text, Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\"","None\n","Alexandra S. Gressitt, 15 February 2012\n","Diaries of Samuel B.T. Caldwell, 1811-1820 (SC 0004);  Genius of Liberty  (microfilmed newspapers)\n","This collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from  Hebrews  XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the  Genius of Liberty . \n","None\n","Physical characteristics and conditions affect use of this material.  Photocopying not permitted.\n","This collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the  Genius of Liberty . \n","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0099\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818"],"collection_title_tesim":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818"],"collection_ssim":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn\n1818"],"repository_ssm":["Thomas Balch Library"],"repository_ssim":["Thomas Balch Library"],"creator_ssm":["Unknown. Transferred to Thomas Balch Library in 1994 from Loudoun County Public Library.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Unknown. Transferred to Thomas Balch Library in 1994 from Loudoun County Public Library.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Unknown. Transferred to Thomas Balch Library in 1994 from Loudoun County Public Library.\n"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open for research .\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open for research .\n"],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e2004.0105X\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals\n"],"accruals_tesim":["2004.0105X\n"],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available\n"],"altformavail_tesim":["None\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFolder\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Folder\n"],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eElizabeth Marye Dunn found on FindaGrave.com 2-15-2012.\n\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eHopkins, Margaret Lail and Nancy Hopkins Phillips, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Anglican Parishes of Loudoun County, Virginia Truro, Cameron and Shelburne 1736-1805\u003c/title\u003e.  Lovettsville, VA: Willow Bend Books, 1997.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eLoudoun Cemetery Database, http://www.leesburgva.gov/index.aspx?page=940 accessed, 14 February 2012.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 26 May 1818.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 02 June 1818.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic Procession,\" Genius of Liberty, 30 June 1818.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 23 March 1819.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 29 June 1819.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 4 January 1820.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eMeade, William. \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eOld Churches Ministers and Families of Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, 2 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 1978.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003e\u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eA Partial List of the Descendants of the Rev. James Marye\u003c/title\u003e (1886) accessed on openlibrary.org, 2-15-2012.\u003c/bibref\u003e","\u003cbibref type=\"simple\" href=\"\"\u003eWorsely, Lizzie. \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eOld St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg, VA 1760-1897\u003c/title\u003e. Leesburg, VA: Washingtonian Print (reprinted July 1996, St. James Church Centennial Celebration 1907-1997 by Insty-Prints, Leesburg, VA.)\u003c/bibref\u003e"],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography\n"],"bibliography_tesim":["Elizabeth Marye Dunn found on FindaGrave.com 2-15-2012.\n","Hopkins, Margaret Lail and Nancy Hopkins Phillips,  The Anglican Parishes of Loudoun County, Virginia Truro, Cameron and Shelburne 1736-1805 .  Lovettsville, VA: Willow Bend Books, 1997.","Loudoun Cemetery Database, http://www.leesburgva.gov/index.aspx?page=940 accessed, 14 February 2012.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 26 May 1818.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 02 June 1818.","\"Masonic Procession,\" Genius of Liberty, 30 June 1818.","\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 23 March 1819.","\"Masonic,\" Genius of Liberty, 29 June 1819.","\"Masonic Celebration,\" Genius of Liberty, 4 January 1820.","Meade, William.  Old Churches Ministers and Families of Virginia , 2 vols. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc, 1978.","A Partial List of the Descendants of the Rev. James Marye  (1886) accessed on openlibrary.org, 2-15-2012.","Worsely, Lizzie.  Old St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg, VA 1760-1897 . Leesburg, VA: Washingtonian Print (reprinted July 1996, St. James Church Centennial Celebration 1907-1997 by Insty-Prints, Leesburg, VA.)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Dunn (ca. 1750-1827) married Elizabeth Marye (ca. 1774-1851) a daughter of the the Reverend  James Marye (1731-1780).  She was a granddaughter of the Reverend James Mayre, (d. 1767), a Huguenot refugee, and Letitia Maria Ann Staige (d. 1739).  The first Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia, James Madison (1749-1812), ordained Dunn an Episcopal priest. Dunn served in St. John's Parish, King William County (ca. 1797), Manchester Parish, Chesterfield County (ca. 1799) and Shelburne Parish (St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg), Loudoun County (1801-1827).  He served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Diocese of Virginia up until his death.  There being no Episcopal church building in Leesburg during the years 1801-1812 Dunn celebrated services in the Old Presbyterian Church and the Clerk's office.  In Middleburg he celebrated services in the Free Church.   In April 1827, Dunn suffered paralysis while performing a service in Middleburg, was moved to Leesburg, where he died shortly thereafter. Dunn was buried under the floor of the old St. James Episcopal Church chancel over which a memorial monument was erected by the congregation. According to the Loudoun Cemetery database Dunn is buried in the Old Episcopal Church Cemetery, Leesburg, Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Dunn was an active member of the fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons and a member of the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges in Leesburg.  According to advertisements and articles in the Genius of Liberty, 1818-1820, the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges, annually celebrated the feast of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist to whom their lodges were dedicated.  The Reverend John Dunn preached the sermon for this celebration in 1818 and 1819. In 1818 the presentation was adapted from the text, Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Dunn (ca. 1750-1827) married Elizabeth Marye (ca. 1774-1851) a daughter of the the Reverend  James Marye (1731-1780).  She was a granddaughter of the Reverend James Mayre, (d. 1767), a Huguenot refugee, and Letitia Maria Ann Staige (d. 1739).  The first Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia, James Madison (1749-1812), ordained Dunn an Episcopal priest. Dunn served in St. John's Parish, King William County (ca. 1797), Manchester Parish, Chesterfield County (ca. 1799) and Shelburne Parish (St. James Episcopal Church, Leesburg), Loudoun County (1801-1827).  He served as a member of the Standing Committee of the Diocese of Virginia up until his death.  There being no Episcopal church building in Leesburg during the years 1801-1812 Dunn celebrated services in the Old Presbyterian Church and the Clerk's office.  In Middleburg he celebrated services in the Free Church.   In April 1827, Dunn suffered paralysis while performing a service in Middleburg, was moved to Leesburg, where he died shortly thereafter. Dunn was buried under the floor of the old St. James Episcopal Church chancel over which a memorial monument was erected by the congregation. According to the Loudoun Cemetery database Dunn is buried in the Old Episcopal Church Cemetery, Leesburg, Virginia.\n","John Dunn was an active member of the fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons and a member of the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges in Leesburg.  According to advertisements and articles in the Genius of Liberty, 1818-1820, the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges, annually celebrated the feast of St. John the Baptist and St. John the Evangelist to whom their lodges were dedicated.  The Reverend John Dunn preached the sermon for this celebration in 1818 and 1819. In 1818 the presentation was adapted from the text, Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\""],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid\n"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["None\n"],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements\n"],"phystech_tesim":["None\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAddress by the Reverend John Dunn, 1818 (SC0099) Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA..\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Address by the Reverend John Dunn, 1818 (SC0099) Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA..\n"],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlexandra S. Gressitt, 15 February 2012\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information\n"],"processinfo_tesim":["Alexandra S. Gressitt, 15 February 2012\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDiaries of Samuel B.T. Caldwell, 1811-1820 (SC 0004); \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGenius of Liberty\u003c/title\u003e (microfilmed newspapers)\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Diaries of Samuel B.T. Caldwell, 1811-1820 (SC 0004);  Genius of Liberty  (microfilmed newspapers)\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eHebrews\u003c/title\u003e XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGenius of Liberty\u003c/title\u003e. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from  Hebrews  XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the  Genius of Liberty . \n"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Material\n"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["None\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePhysical characteristics and conditions affect use of this material.  Photocopying not permitted.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Physical characteristics and conditions affect use of this material.  Photocopying not permitted.\n"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eGenius of Liberty\u003c/title\u003e. \n\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains an autograph copy of an address delivered 1818 by the Reverend John Dunn before the officers and membership the Olive Branch and United Brethren Lodges of the Free and Accepted Masons. The text used for the address was from Hebrews XIII.1 \"Let brotherly love continue.\" The document is 41pp hand sewn hinge with one loose page. According to a note on the cover, the sermon was published by S. B. T. Caldwell, publisher of the  Genius of Liberty . \n"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T16:32:25.723Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viletbl_viletbl00201"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7648","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7648#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Maury, Walker","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7648#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAn address delivered to \"William and Mary College\" by Walker Maury, regarding liberty.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7648#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7648","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7648","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7648","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7648","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_7648.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary, circa 1740","title_ssm":["Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary"],"title_tesim":["Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1740"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1740"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 6.046","/repositories/2/resources/7648"],"text":["UA 6.046","/repositories/2/resources/7648","Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary","College of William and Mary--History--18th century","Collection is open to all researchers. 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The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAddress Delivered to William \u0026amp; Mary, circa 1740, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary, circa 1740, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaury Family Papers (97 M44)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Maury Family Papers (97 M44)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn address delivered to \"William and Mary College\" by Walker Maury, regarding liberty.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["An address delivered to \"William and Mary College\" by Walker Maury, regarding liberty."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Maury, Walker"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Maury, Walker"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:40:07.874Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7648","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7648","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7648","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_7648","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_7648.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary, circa 1740","title_ssm":["Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary"],"title_tesim":["Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1740"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["circa 1740"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 6.046","/repositories/2/resources/7648"],"text":["UA 6.046","/repositories/2/resources/7648","Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary","College of William and Mary--History--18th century","Collection is open to all researchers. 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The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAddress Delivered to William \u0026amp; Mary, circa 1740, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Address Delivered to William \u0026 Mary, circa 1740, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaury Family Papers (97 M44)\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Maury Family Papers (97 M44)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAn address delivered to \"William and Mary College\" by Walker Maury, regarding liberty.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["An address delivered to \"William and Mary College\" by Walker Maury, regarding liberty."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Maury, Walker"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Maury, Walker"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:40:07.874Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_7648"}},{"id":"viwc_viwc00132","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00132#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Virginia. Council.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00132#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAddress of the Council to Lieut. Gov. Robert Dinwiddie, thanking him for his affectionate speech at the opening of the present session of the General Assembly; also refers to French and Indian unrest and to Dinwiddie's recent trip to Winchester, {Va.}, to cultivate friendship with bordering Indian tribes. Dinwiddie responds, thanking the Council for its support.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00132#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viwc_viwc00132","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00132","_root_":"viwc_viwc00132","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00132","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00132.xml","title_ssm":["Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754"],"title_tesim":["Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 1942.3.a"],"text":["MS 1942.3.a","Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754","Indians of North America\n            --Government relations --to 1789.","Governors --Virginia\n            --History --18th century.","2 pp; 31 cm.","There are no restrictions.","Microfilm available.","Address of the Council to Lieut. Gov. Robert Dinwiddie,\n         thanking him for his affectionate speech at the opening of the\n         present session of the General Assembly; also refers to French\n         and Indian unrest and to Dinwiddie's recent trip to\n         Winchester, {Va.}, to cultivate friendship with bordering\n         Indian tribes. Dinwiddie responds, thanking the Council for\n         its support.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Special\n            Collections Librarian/ Associate Curator of Rare Books and\n            Manuscripts, and the holder of the copyright, if not the\n            Rockefeller Library at Colonial Williamsburg.","Dinwiddie, Robert, 1693-\n            1770.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 1942.3.a"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754"],"collection_title_tesim":["Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754"],"collection_ssim":["Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754"],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Council."],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. 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Dinwiddie responds, thanking the Council for\n         its support."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Special\n            Collections Librarian/ Associate Curator of Rare Books and\n            Manuscripts, and the holder of the copyright, if not the\n            Rockefeller Library at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights/ Restrictions on Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Special\n            Collections Librarian/ Associate Curator of Rare Books and\n            Manuscripts, and the holder of the copyright, if not the\n            Rockefeller Library at Colonial Williamsburg."],"names_ssim":["Dinwiddie, Robert, 1693-\n            1770."],"persname_ssim":["Dinwiddie, Robert, 1693-\n            1770."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T17:22:04.909Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viwc_viwc00132","ead_ssi":"viwc_viwc00132","_root_":"viwc_viwc00132","_nest_parent_":"viwc_viwc00132","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/cw/viwc00132.xml","title_ssm":["Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754"],"title_tesim":["Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 1942.3.a"],"text":["MS 1942.3.a","Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754","Indians of North America\n            --Government relations --to 1789.","Governors --Virginia\n            --History --18th century.","2 pp; 31 cm.","There are no restrictions.","Microfilm available.","Address of the Council to Lieut. 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Dinwiddie responds, thanking the Council for\n         its support.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Special\n            Collections Librarian/ Associate Curator of Rare Books and\n            Manuscripts, and the holder of the copyright, if not the\n            Rockefeller Library at Colonial Williamsburg.","Dinwiddie, Robert, 1693-\n            1770.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 1942.3.a"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754"],"collection_title_tesim":["Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754"],"collection_ssim":["Address to Lieutenant Governor Robert\n         Dinwiddie \n         24 August 1754"],"repository_ssm":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"repository_ssim":["Colonial Williamsburg"],"creator_ssm":["Virginia. Council."],"creator_ssim":["Virginia. 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Dinwiddie responds, thanking the Council for\n         its support."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Special\n            Collections Librarian/ Associate Curator of Rare Books and\n            Manuscripts, and the holder of the copyright, if not the\n            Rockefeller Library at Colonial Williamsburg.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Publication Rights/ Restrictions on Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any\n            materials, permission must be obtained from the Special\n            Collections Librarian/ Associate Curator of Rare Books and\n            Manuscripts, and the holder of the copyright, if not the\n            Rockefeller Library at Colonial Williamsburg."],"names_ssim":["Dinwiddie, Robert, 1693-\n            1770."],"persname_ssim":["Dinwiddie, Robert, 1693-\n            1770."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T17:22:04.909Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viwc_viwc00132"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1653","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Adee Family Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1653#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Miller, John S.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1653#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eLetters, 1863-1865, received by Etta Adee of Barrington , N. Y. from \"brother John\" with [29th Iowa Infantry Regiment] in Arkansas and Louisiana; and from John S. Miller of 29th Iowa Infantry stationed as provost guard at St. Louis, Mo. One letter describes Battle of Jenkins Ferry in which the Iowa unit stormed a Confederate battery along with troops from 2nd Kansas Infantry (later 83rd United States Colored Troops.)\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1653#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1653","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1653","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1653","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1653","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1653.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Adee Family Papers","title_ssm":["Adee Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Adee Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.2 Ad3","/repositories/2/resources/1653"],"text":["Mss. 39.2 Ad3","/repositories/2/resources/1653","Adee Family Papers","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--African Americans","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Participation, African American","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 83rd","United States. Army. Iowa Infantry Regiment, 29th","United States. Army. Kansas Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Correspondence","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Other Information:"," Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00127.frame","Letters, 1863-1865, received by Etta Adee of Barrington , N. Y. from \"brother John\" with [29th Iowa Infantry Regiment] in Arkansas and Louisiana; and from John S. Miller of 29th Iowa Infantry stationed as provost guard at St. Louis, Mo. One letter describes Battle of Jenkins Ferry in which the Iowa unit stormed a Confederate battery along with troops from 2nd Kansas Infantry (later 83rd United States Colored Troops.)","Item 1: December 23, 1862\nAutograph letter signed. 4pp. Contains 2 newspaper clippings dated Dec. 24, Dec. 25, and Dec. 30 N.Y., concerning Union troop movements.\nJohn S. Miller, Camp Scofield, St. Louis, [Mo.], to Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 2: January 26, 1863\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 3: May 24, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 4: June 2, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 5: February 17, 1865\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Algiers, La., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, no place.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.2 Ad3","/repositories/2/resources/1653"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adee Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adee Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adee Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"creator_ssim":["Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"creators_ssim":["Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase"],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--African Americans","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Participation, African American","United States. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. 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The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00127.frame\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:"," Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00127.frame"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdee Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adee Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLetters, 1863-1865, received by Etta Adee of Barrington , N. Y. from \"brother John\" with [29th Iowa Infantry Regiment] in Arkansas and Louisiana; and from John S. Miller of 29th Iowa Infantry stationed as provost guard at St. Louis, Mo. One letter describes Battle of Jenkins Ferry in which the Iowa unit stormed a Confederate battery along with troops from 2nd Kansas Infantry (later 83rd United States Colored Troops.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem 1: December 23, 1862\nAutograph letter signed. 4pp. Contains 2 newspaper clippings dated Dec. 24, Dec. 25, and Dec. 30 N.Y., concerning Union troop movements.\nJohn S. Miller, Camp Scofield, St. Louis, [Mo.], to Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 2: January 26, 1863\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 3: May 24, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 4: June 2, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 5: February 17, 1865\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Algiers, La., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, no place.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Letters, 1863-1865, received by Etta Adee of Barrington , N. Y. from \"brother John\" with [29th Iowa Infantry Regiment] in Arkansas and Louisiana; and from John S. Miller of 29th Iowa Infantry stationed as provost guard at St. Louis, Mo. One letter describes Battle of Jenkins Ferry in which the Iowa unit stormed a Confederate battery along with troops from 2nd Kansas Infantry (later 83rd United States Colored Troops.)","Item 1: December 23, 1862\nAutograph letter signed. 4pp. Contains 2 newspaper clippings dated Dec. 24, Dec. 25, and Dec. 30 N.Y., concerning Union troop movements.\nJohn S. Miller, Camp Scofield, St. Louis, [Mo.], to Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 2: January 26, 1863\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 3: May 24, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 4: June 2, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 5: February 17, 1865\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Algiers, La., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, no place."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:32:14.030Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1653","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1653","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1653","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_1653","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_1653.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Adee Family Papers","title_ssm":["Adee Family Papers"],"title_tesim":["Adee Family Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1865"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1865"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 39.2 Ad3","/repositories/2/resources/1653"],"text":["Mss. 39.2 Ad3","/repositories/2/resources/1653","Adee Family Papers","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--African Americans","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Participation, African American","United States. Army. Infantry Division, 83rd","United States. Army. Iowa Infantry Regiment, 29th","United States. Army. Kansas Infantry Regiment, 2nd","Correspondence","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Other Information:"," Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00127.frame","Letters, 1863-1865, received by Etta Adee of Barrington , N. Y. from \"brother John\" with [29th Iowa Infantry Regiment] in Arkansas and Louisiana; and from John S. Miller of 29th Iowa Infantry stationed as provost guard at St. Louis, Mo. One letter describes Battle of Jenkins Ferry in which the Iowa unit stormed a Confederate battery along with troops from 2nd Kansas Infantry (later 83rd United States Colored Troops.)","Item 1: December 23, 1862\nAutograph letter signed. 4pp. Contains 2 newspaper clippings dated Dec. 24, Dec. 25, and Dec. 30 N.Y., concerning Union troop movements.\nJohn S. Miller, Camp Scofield, St. Louis, [Mo.], to Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 2: January 26, 1863\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 3: May 24, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 4: June 2, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 5: February 17, 1865\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Algiers, La., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, no place.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 39.2 Ad3","/repositories/2/resources/1653"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adee Family Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adee Family Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adee Family Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"creator_ssim":["Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"creators_ssim":["Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Purchase"],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--African Americans","United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865--Participation, African American","United States. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOther Information:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00127.frame\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Other Information:"," Additional information may be found at http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaead/published/wm/viw00127.frame"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdee Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adee Family Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLetters, 1863-1865, received by Etta Adee of Barrington , N. Y. from \"brother John\" with [29th Iowa Infantry Regiment] in Arkansas and Louisiana; and from John S. Miller of 29th Iowa Infantry stationed as provost guard at St. Louis, Mo. One letter describes Battle of Jenkins Ferry in which the Iowa unit stormed a Confederate battery along with troops from 2nd Kansas Infantry (later 83rd United States Colored Troops.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem 1: December 23, 1862\nAutograph letter signed. 4pp. Contains 2 newspaper clippings dated Dec. 24, Dec. 25, and Dec. 30 N.Y., concerning Union troop movements.\nJohn S. Miller, Camp Scofield, St. Louis, [Mo.], to Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 2: January 26, 1863\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 3: May 24, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 4: June 2, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 5: February 17, 1865\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Algiers, La., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, no place.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Letters, 1863-1865, received by Etta Adee of Barrington , N. Y. from \"brother John\" with [29th Iowa Infantry Regiment] in Arkansas and Louisiana; and from John S. Miller of 29th Iowa Infantry stationed as provost guard at St. Louis, Mo. One letter describes Battle of Jenkins Ferry in which the Iowa unit stormed a Confederate battery along with troops from 2nd Kansas Infantry (later 83rd United States Colored Troops.)","Item 1: December 23, 1862\nAutograph letter signed. 4pp. Contains 2 newspaper clippings dated Dec. 24, Dec. 25, and Dec. 30 N.Y., concerning Union troop movements.\nJohn S. Miller, Camp Scofield, St. Louis, [Mo.], to Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 2: January 26, 1863\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 3: May 24, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 4: June 2, 1864\nAutograph letter signed. 4 pp.\nJohn Adee, Little Rock, Ark., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, Barrington, Yates Co., N.Y.\nItem 5: February 17, 1865\nAutograph letter signed. 3 pp.\nJohn Adee, Algiers, La., to \"sister,\" Etta Adee, no place."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"persname_ssim":["Miller, John S.","Adee, Etta"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:32:14.030Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_1653"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Adelaide A. Claflin Letters","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Claflin, Adelaide A.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin (1846-1931), a woman suffragist, written to \"Mrs. Hollander\" about an upcoming proposed lecture in Somerville, Massachusetts, on the subject of suffrage.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1886.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Claflin, Adelaide A. Letters","title_ssm":["Adelaide A. Claflin Letters"],"title_tesim":["Adelaide A. Claflin Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1884"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1884"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.005"],"text":["Ms.1992.005","Adelaide A. Claflin Letters","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Narcissa Adelaide Avery, daughter of Alden A. and Lucinda Miller Brown Avery, was born in Boston, Massachusetts on July 28, 1846. A couple of years after  graduating from Boston Girls' High School in 1862, she became a teacher at the Winthrop School. In 1870, Avery married Frederick A. Claflin. The couple lived in Quincy, Massachusetts, and had four children. Adelaide Claflin became a lecturer on women's suffrage in 1883. She also lectured on other topics and wrote for newspapers. Adelaide Avery Claflin died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on May 31, 1931, and was buried in Mt. Wollaston Cemetery in Quincy.","The guide to the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing and description of the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters commenced and was completed in September, 2023.","This collection consists of two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin, a woman suffragist living in Quincy, Massachusetts. Written in November, 1884, to Mrs. Hollander, the letters relate to Claflin's upcoming lecture on the suffrage question. On November 11, Claflin relates that \"Mrs. Stone\" (probably suffragist Lucy Stone) had recently asked if she would be willing to address a club in Somerville, and Claflin mentions her essay, \"What Women as a Class Owe to Each Other,\" recently read before an audience in South Boston. On November 14, Claflin responds to a recent letter from Hollander, providing further background on her experience in speaking about women's suffrage and proposing the lecture topic \"The Need of the Feminine Influence in the School, the Town, and the State.\" She requests feedback on the proposal and more information about the venue in which the lecture is to be delivered.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin (1846-1931), a woman suffragist, written to \"Mrs. Hollander\" about an upcoming proposed lecture in Somerville, Massachusetts, on the subject of suffrage.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Claflin, Adelaide A.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adelaide A. Claflin Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adelaide A. Claflin Letters"],"collection_ssim":["Adelaide A. Claflin Letters"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Claflin, Adelaide A."],"creator_ssim":["Claflin, Adelaide A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Claflin, Adelaide A."],"creators_ssim":["Claflin, Adelaide A."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Adelaide A. Claflin Letters were purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 1992."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1884],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNarcissa Adelaide Avery, daughter of Alden A. and Lucinda Miller Brown Avery, was born in Boston, Massachusetts on July 28, 1846. A couple of years after  graduating from Boston Girls' High School in 1862, she became a teacher at the Winthrop School. In 1870, Avery married Frederick A. Claflin. The couple lived in Quincy, Massachusetts, and had four children. Adelaide Claflin became a lecturer on women's suffrage in 1883. She also lectured on other topics and wrote for newspapers. Adelaide Avery Claflin died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on May 31, 1931, and was buried in Mt. Wollaston Cemetery in Quincy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Narcissa Adelaide Avery, daughter of Alden A. and Lucinda Miller Brown Avery, was born in Boston, Massachusetts on July 28, 1846. A couple of years after  graduating from Boston Girls' High School in 1862, she became a teacher at the Winthrop School. In 1870, Avery married Frederick A. Claflin. The couple lived in Quincy, Massachusetts, and had four children. Adelaide Claflin became a lecturer on women's suffrage in 1883. She also lectured on other topics and wrote for newspapers. Adelaide Avery Claflin died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on May 31, 1931, and was buried in Mt. Wollaston Cemetery in Quincy."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Adelaide A. Claflin Letters, Ms1992-005, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Adelaide A. Claflin Letters, Ms1992-005, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters commenced and was completed in September, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters commenced and was completed in September, 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin, a woman suffragist living in Quincy, Massachusetts. Written in November, 1884, to Mrs. Hollander, the letters relate to Claflin's upcoming lecture on the suffrage question. On November 11, Claflin relates that \"Mrs. Stone\" (probably suffragist Lucy Stone) had recently asked if she would be willing to address a club in Somerville, and Claflin mentions her essay, \"What Women as a Class Owe to Each Other,\" recently read before an audience in South Boston. On November 14, Claflin responds to a recent letter from Hollander, providing further background on her experience in speaking about women's suffrage and proposing the lecture topic \"The Need of the Feminine Influence in the School, the Town, and the State.\" She requests feedback on the proposal and more information about the venue in which the lecture is to be delivered.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin, a woman suffragist living in Quincy, Massachusetts. Written in November, 1884, to Mrs. Hollander, the letters relate to Claflin's upcoming lecture on the suffrage question. On November 11, Claflin relates that \"Mrs. Stone\" (probably suffragist Lucy Stone) had recently asked if she would be willing to address a club in Somerville, and Claflin mentions her essay, \"What Women as a Class Owe to Each Other,\" recently read before an audience in South Boston. On November 14, Claflin responds to a recent letter from Hollander, providing further background on her experience in speaking about women's suffrage and proposing the lecture topic \"The Need of the Feminine Influence in the School, the Town, and the State.\" She requests feedback on the proposal and more information about the venue in which the lecture is to be delivered."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dab53e2626c05d9c1cd04efb053582b1\"\u003eTwo letters from Adelaide A. Claflin (1846-1931), a woman suffragist, written to \"Mrs. Hollander\" about an upcoming proposed lecture in Somerville, Massachusetts, on the subject of suffrage.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin (1846-1931), a woman suffragist, written to \"Mrs. Hollander\" about an upcoming proposed lecture in Somerville, Massachusetts, on the subject of suffrage."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Claflin, Adelaide A."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Claflin, Adelaide A."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:02:28.880Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1886.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Claflin, Adelaide A. Letters","title_ssm":["Adelaide A. Claflin Letters"],"title_tesim":["Adelaide A. Claflin Letters"],"unitdate_ssm":["1884"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1884"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.005"],"text":["Ms.1992.005","Adelaide A. Claflin Letters","Women -- History","The collection is open to research.","Narcissa Adelaide Avery, daughter of Alden A. and Lucinda Miller Brown Avery, was born in Boston, Massachusetts on July 28, 1846. A couple of years after  graduating from Boston Girls' High School in 1862, she became a teacher at the Winthrop School. In 1870, Avery married Frederick A. Claflin. The couple lived in Quincy, Massachusetts, and had four children. Adelaide Claflin became a lecturer on women's suffrage in 1883. She also lectured on other topics and wrote for newspapers. Adelaide Avery Claflin died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on May 31, 1931, and was buried in Mt. Wollaston Cemetery in Quincy.","The guide to the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing and description of the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters commenced and was completed in September, 2023.","This collection consists of two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin, a woman suffragist living in Quincy, Massachusetts. Written in November, 1884, to Mrs. Hollander, the letters relate to Claflin's upcoming lecture on the suffrage question. On November 11, Claflin relates that \"Mrs. Stone\" (probably suffragist Lucy Stone) had recently asked if she would be willing to address a club in Somerville, and Claflin mentions her essay, \"What Women as a Class Owe to Each Other,\" recently read before an audience in South Boston. On November 14, Claflin responds to a recent letter from Hollander, providing further background on her experience in speaking about women's suffrage and proposing the lecture topic \"The Need of the Feminine Influence in the School, the Town, and the State.\" She requests feedback on the proposal and more information about the venue in which the lecture is to be delivered.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin (1846-1931), a woman suffragist, written to \"Mrs. Hollander\" about an upcoming proposed lecture in Somerville, Massachusetts, on the subject of suffrage.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Claflin, Adelaide A.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adelaide A. Claflin Letters"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adelaide A. Claflin Letters"],"collection_ssim":["Adelaide A. Claflin Letters"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Claflin, Adelaide A."],"creator_ssim":["Claflin, Adelaide A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Claflin, Adelaide A."],"creators_ssim":["Claflin, Adelaide A."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Adelaide A. Claflin Letters were purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 1992."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1884],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNarcissa Adelaide Avery, daughter of Alden A. and Lucinda Miller Brown Avery, was born in Boston, Massachusetts on July 28, 1846. A couple of years after  graduating from Boston Girls' High School in 1862, she became a teacher at the Winthrop School. In 1870, Avery married Frederick A. Claflin. The couple lived in Quincy, Massachusetts, and had four children. Adelaide Claflin became a lecturer on women's suffrage in 1883. She also lectured on other topics and wrote for newspapers. Adelaide Avery Claflin died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on May 31, 1931, and was buried in Mt. Wollaston Cemetery in Quincy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Narcissa Adelaide Avery, daughter of Alden A. and Lucinda Miller Brown Avery, was born in Boston, Massachusetts on July 28, 1846. A couple of years after  graduating from Boston Girls' High School in 1862, she became a teacher at the Winthrop School. In 1870, Avery married Frederick A. Claflin. The couple lived in Quincy, Massachusetts, and had four children. Adelaide Claflin became a lecturer on women's suffrage in 1883. She also lectured on other topics and wrote for newspapers. Adelaide Avery Claflin died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, on May 31, 1931, and was buried in Mt. Wollaston Cemetery in Quincy."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Adelaide A. Claflin Letters, Ms1992-005, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Adelaide A. Claflin Letters, Ms1992-005, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters commenced and was completed in September, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the Adelaide A. Claflin Letters commenced and was completed in September, 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin, a woman suffragist living in Quincy, Massachusetts. Written in November, 1884, to Mrs. Hollander, the letters relate to Claflin's upcoming lecture on the suffrage question. On November 11, Claflin relates that \"Mrs. Stone\" (probably suffragist Lucy Stone) had recently asked if she would be willing to address a club in Somerville, and Claflin mentions her essay, \"What Women as a Class Owe to Each Other,\" recently read before an audience in South Boston. On November 14, Claflin responds to a recent letter from Hollander, providing further background on her experience in speaking about women's suffrage and proposing the lecture topic \"The Need of the Feminine Influence in the School, the Town, and the State.\" She requests feedback on the proposal and more information about the venue in which the lecture is to be delivered.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin, a woman suffragist living in Quincy, Massachusetts. Written in November, 1884, to Mrs. Hollander, the letters relate to Claflin's upcoming lecture on the suffrage question. On November 11, Claflin relates that \"Mrs. Stone\" (probably suffragist Lucy Stone) had recently asked if she would be willing to address a club in Somerville, and Claflin mentions her essay, \"What Women as a Class Owe to Each Other,\" recently read before an audience in South Boston. On November 14, Claflin responds to a recent letter from Hollander, providing further background on her experience in speaking about women's suffrage and proposing the lecture topic \"The Need of the Feminine Influence in the School, the Town, and the State.\" She requests feedback on the proposal and more information about the venue in which the lecture is to be delivered."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_dab53e2626c05d9c1cd04efb053582b1\"\u003eTwo letters from Adelaide A. Claflin (1846-1931), a woman suffragist, written to \"Mrs. Hollander\" about an upcoming proposed lecture in Somerville, Massachusetts, on the subject of suffrage.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Two letters from Adelaide A. Claflin (1846-1931), a woman suffragist, written to \"Mrs. Hollander\" about an upcoming proposed lecture in Somerville, Massachusetts, on the subject of suffrage."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Claflin, Adelaide A."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Claflin, Adelaide A."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:02:28.880Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1886"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Adelaide Colcock Papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains letters written to Adelaide Colcock from 1863 through c.1870, including five during the American Civil War. Collection includes three letters from her father, William F. Colcock, a prominent lawyer and member of the South Carolina House of Representatives, two letters from her sister Minnie, and one from her cousin Charles Colcock. The first letter from \u003cspan\u003e\"Bubber Charlie\"\u003c/span\u003e states, \u003cspan\u003e\"The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.\"\u003c/span\u003e Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858 and died August 1946.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2439.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Colcock, Adelaide, Papers","title_ssm":["Adelaide Colcock Papers"],"title_tesim":["Adelaide Colcock Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1863-c.1870"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-c.1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.020"],"text":["Ms.2009.020","Adelaide Colcock Papers","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged chronologically.","Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858. Her mother, Emmeline L. Huguenin, died when Adelaide was two months old. Her father, William F. Colcock, was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives and moved his family many times to different plantations throughout the state. In 1872, Adelaide Colcock went to Charleston to attend Mrs. Pinckney's school and returned home in August of 1876. She never married and lived at home with her father until his death in 1889. Adelaide Colcock died in August 1946.","The guide to the Adelaide Colcock Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Adelaide Colcock Papers was completed in January 2009.","Collection consists of six letters written to Adelaide Colcock from family members. Five of the letters were written during the American Civil War. Three of the letters come from her father, William Ferguson Colcock. The other letters come from her sister and her cousin \"Charlie.\" Most of the letters are inquiries about the wellbeing of family members. There is some discussion of family members serving in the war as well as a few opinions about how the war is going. The first letter from \"Bubber Charlie\" states, \"The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains letters written to Adelaide Colcock from 1863 through c.1870, including five during the American Civil War. Collection includes three letters from her father, William F. Colcock, a prominent lawyer and member of the South Carolina House of Representatives, two letters from her sister Minnie, and one from her cousin Charles Colcock. The first letter from  Bubber Charlie  states,  The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.  Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858 and died August 1946.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adelaide Colcock Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adelaide Colcock Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adelaide Colcock Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"creator_ssim":["Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"creators_ssim":["Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Adelaide Colcock Papers were purchased by Special Collections in 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858. Her mother, Emmeline L. Huguenin, died when Adelaide was two months old. Her father, William F. Colcock, was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives and moved his family many times to different plantations throughout the state. In 1872, Adelaide Colcock went to Charleston to attend Mrs. Pinckney's school and returned home in August of 1876. She never married and lived at home with her father until his death in 1889. Adelaide Colcock died in August 1946.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858. Her mother, Emmeline L. Huguenin, died when Adelaide was two months old. Her father, William F. Colcock, was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives and moved his family many times to different plantations throughout the state. In 1872, Adelaide Colcock went to Charleston to attend Mrs. Pinckney's school and returned home in August of 1876. She never married and lived at home with her father until his death in 1889. Adelaide Colcock died in August 1946."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Adelaide Colcock Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Adelaide Colcock Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Adelaide Colcock Papers, Ms2009-020, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Adelaide Colcock Papers, Ms2009-020, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Adelaide Colcock Papers was completed in January 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Adelaide Colcock Papers was completed in January 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection consists of six letters written to Adelaide Colcock from family members. Five of the letters were written during the American Civil War. Three of the letters come from her father, William Ferguson Colcock. The other letters come from her sister and her cousin \"Charlie.\" Most of the letters are inquiries about the wellbeing of family members. There is some discussion of family members serving in the war as well as a few opinions about how the war is going. The first letter from \"Bubber Charlie\" states, \"The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection consists of six letters written to Adelaide Colcock from family members. Five of the letters were written during the American Civil War. Three of the letters come from her father, William Ferguson Colcock. The other letters come from her sister and her cousin \"Charlie.\" Most of the letters are inquiries about the wellbeing of family members. There is some discussion of family members serving in the war as well as a few opinions about how the war is going. The first letter from \"Bubber Charlie\" states, \"The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b9eb9ebfe8e04e503a1d203f81102243\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains letters written to Adelaide Colcock from 1863 through c.1870, including five during the American Civil War. Collection includes three letters from her father, William F. Colcock, a prominent lawyer and member of the South Carolina House of Representatives, two letters from her sister Minnie, and one from her cousin Charles Colcock. The first letter from \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBubber Charlie\u003c/title\u003e states, \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eThe Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.\u003c/title\u003e Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858 and died August 1946.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains letters written to Adelaide Colcock from 1863 through c.1870, including five during the American Civil War. Collection includes three letters from her father, William F. Colcock, a prominent lawyer and member of the South Carolina House of Representatives, two letters from her sister Minnie, and one from her cousin Charles Colcock. The first letter from  Bubber Charlie  states,  The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.  Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858 and died August 1946."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:32:18.605Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2439.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Colcock, Adelaide, Papers","title_ssm":["Adelaide Colcock Papers"],"title_tesim":["Adelaide Colcock Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1863-c.1870"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1863-c.1870"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.020"],"text":["Ms.2009.020","Adelaide Colcock Papers","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged chronologically.","Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858. Her mother, Emmeline L. Huguenin, died when Adelaide was two months old. Her father, William F. Colcock, was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives and moved his family many times to different plantations throughout the state. In 1872, Adelaide Colcock went to Charleston to attend Mrs. Pinckney's school and returned home in August of 1876. She never married and lived at home with her father until his death in 1889. Adelaide Colcock died in August 1946.","The guide to the Adelaide Colcock Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Adelaide Colcock Papers was completed in January 2009.","Collection consists of six letters written to Adelaide Colcock from family members. Five of the letters were written during the American Civil War. Three of the letters come from her father, William Ferguson Colcock. The other letters come from her sister and her cousin \"Charlie.\" Most of the letters are inquiries about the wellbeing of family members. There is some discussion of family members serving in the war as well as a few opinions about how the war is going. The first letter from \"Bubber Charlie\" states, \"The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.\"","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains letters written to Adelaide Colcock from 1863 through c.1870, including five during the American Civil War. Collection includes three letters from her father, William F. Colcock, a prominent lawyer and member of the South Carolina House of Representatives, two letters from her sister Minnie, and one from her cousin Charles Colcock. The first letter from  Bubber Charlie  states,  The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.  Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858 and died August 1946.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adelaide Colcock Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adelaide Colcock Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adelaide Colcock Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"creator_ssim":["Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"creators_ssim":["Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Adelaide Colcock Papers were purchased by Special Collections in 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858. Her mother, Emmeline L. Huguenin, died when Adelaide was two months old. Her father, William F. Colcock, was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives and moved his family many times to different plantations throughout the state. In 1872, Adelaide Colcock went to Charleston to attend Mrs. Pinckney's school and returned home in August of 1876. She never married and lived at home with her father until his death in 1889. Adelaide Colcock died in August 1946.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858. Her mother, Emmeline L. Huguenin, died when Adelaide was two months old. Her father, William F. Colcock, was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives and moved his family many times to different plantations throughout the state. In 1872, Adelaide Colcock went to Charleston to attend Mrs. Pinckney's school and returned home in August of 1876. She never married and lived at home with her father until his death in 1889. Adelaide Colcock died in August 1946."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Adelaide Colcock Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Adelaide Colcock Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Adelaide Colcock Papers, Ms2009-020, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Adelaide Colcock Papers, Ms2009-020, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Adelaide Colcock Papers was completed in January 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Adelaide Colcock Papers was completed in January 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection consists of six letters written to Adelaide Colcock from family members. Five of the letters were written during the American Civil War. Three of the letters come from her father, William Ferguson Colcock. The other letters come from her sister and her cousin \"Charlie.\" Most of the letters are inquiries about the wellbeing of family members. There is some discussion of family members serving in the war as well as a few opinions about how the war is going. The first letter from \"Bubber Charlie\" states, \"The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection consists of six letters written to Adelaide Colcock from family members. Five of the letters were written during the American Civil War. Three of the letters come from her father, William Ferguson Colcock. The other letters come from her sister and her cousin \"Charlie.\" Most of the letters are inquiries about the wellbeing of family members. There is some discussion of family members serving in the war as well as a few opinions about how the war is going. The first letter from \"Bubber Charlie\" states, \"The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_b9eb9ebfe8e04e503a1d203f81102243\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains letters written to Adelaide Colcock from 1863 through c.1870, including five during the American Civil War. Collection includes three letters from her father, William F. Colcock, a prominent lawyer and member of the South Carolina House of Representatives, two letters from her sister Minnie, and one from her cousin Charles Colcock. The first letter from \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eBubber Charlie\u003c/title\u003e states, \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eThe Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.\u003c/title\u003e Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858 and died August 1946.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains letters written to Adelaide Colcock from 1863 through c.1870, including five during the American Civil War. Collection includes three letters from her father, William F. Colcock, a prominent lawyer and member of the South Carolina House of Representatives, two letters from her sister Minnie, and one from her cousin Charles Colcock. The first letter from  Bubber Charlie  states,  The Yankees are a very bad people and won't let us alone.  Adelaide Colcock was born September 3, 1858 and died August 1946."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Colcock, Adelaide, 1858-1946","Colcock, William Ferguson"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:32:18.605Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2439"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9693","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9693#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence belonging to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor and Wayne Chatfield Taylor; discusses Wayne's role with the American Red Cross in Europe; the couple's courtship, engagement, and marriage; business papers relating to Chicago Investors' Corp stock purchase; and family correspondence throughout most of the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9693#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9693","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9693","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9693","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9693","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9693.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers","title_ssm":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers"],"title_tesim":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1899-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1899-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00338","/repositories/2/resources/9693"],"text":["MS 00338","/repositories/2/resources/9693","Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers","American Red Cross--History--World War II period","Courtship--1910-1920","Letters (correspondence)","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor Family Papers collection is arranged in two series; Series I. Correspondence, and Series II. Personal Papers. Series I. contains three sub-series: Correspondence to and from Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor, Wayne Chatfield-Taylor Correspondence, and Family Correspondence.","Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor was born May 17, 1895, to George Preston Blow and Adele Matthiessen, in Chicago, Illinois. Blow married Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, a federal serviceman to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in 1917, and the couple had four children, Hobart, Richard, Rose, and Adelaide. Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was an architect enthusiast, helping to restore up to 30 historic buldings in her lifetime. In addition to her interest in preservation, Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was a member of the Colonial Dames of America, the United Nations War Reflief, the Home for Incurables, and co-founded the National Women's Democratic Club in the 1930s. Leaving behind 16 gradnchildren and 5 great grandchildren, Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor passed away on August 31, 1977 at the age of 82 in Fairfield County, Connecticut.","Correspondence belonging to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor and Wayne Chatfield Taylor; discusses Wayne's role with the American Red Cross in Europe; the couple's courtship, engagement, and marriage; business papers relating to Chicago Investors' Corp stock purchase; and family correspondence throughout most of the twentieth century.","The correspondence series contains letters between Adele Blow Chatfeild-Taylor, Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, family members, and various associates. The contents of the correspondence refer to Adele's childhood, such as drawings and holiday greetings, social event invitations, romantic correspondence between her and Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and messages to and from her children and extended family.","Correspondence to and from Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor discussing various topics including her engagement to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, invitations to ceremonies and events, general greetings, travel plans, and messages to her mother during her childhood about her daily life. A significant amount of the letters are between Adele and her husbnad Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and they detail their friendship, courtship, and romantic sentiments.","General correspondence is arranged alphabetically by last name.","Correspondence to and from Wayne Chatfield-Taylor includes congratulations to Mr. Chatfield-Taylor on his engagement to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor, as well as business correspondence surrounding the investment banking firm of Field, Glore \u0026 Company Inc. Childhood letters to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor's grandparents detail his daily life as a student, as well as political correspondence between Wayne and his father, Hobart Chatfield-Taylor.","The family correspondence contains writings between the members of the Blow and Chatfield-Taylor family. Correspondence congratulates Adele and Wayne on their engagement, discusses the runaway marriage of Robert Chatfield-Taylor, and other general family affairs.","This series consists of business papers, photogrpahs, newspaper clippings, and various other materials that detail Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor's life. The newspaper clippings commemorate her grandfather, Frederick Matthiessen, as a key builder of La Salle-Peru Township school. Personal notes includes a list of kin, hand-drawn maps, and sheets of stationary. Colored photographs depict unidentified children, an older couple and young children, and a bride. The series contains both Wayne Chatfield-Taylor's personal writings and unidentified wrtitings, along with Yale records.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00338","/repositories/2/resources/9693"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers were donated by the grandchildren of Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American Red Cross--History--World War II period","Courtship--1910-1920","Letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American Red Cross--History--World War II period","Courtship--1910-1920","Letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.75 Linear Feet 9 Hollinger boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3.75 Linear Feet 9 Hollinger boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor Family Papers collection is arranged in two series; Series I. Correspondence, and Series II. Personal Papers. Series I. contains three sub-series: Correspondence to and from Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor, Wayne Chatfield-Taylor Correspondence, and Family Correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor Family Papers collection is arranged in two series; Series I. Correspondence, and Series II. Personal Papers. Series I. contains three sub-series: Correspondence to and from Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor, Wayne Chatfield-Taylor Correspondence, and Family Correspondence."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Blow Chatfield-Taylor was born May 17, 1895, to George Preston Blow and Adele Matthiessen, in Chicago, Illinois. Blow married Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, a federal serviceman to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in 1917, and the couple had four children, Hobart, Richard, Rose, and Adelaide. Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was an architect enthusiast, helping to restore up to 30 historic buldings in her lifetime. In addition to her interest in preservation, Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was a member of the Colonial Dames of America, the United Nations War Reflief, the Home for Incurables, and co-founded the National Women's Democratic Club in the 1930s. Leaving behind 16 gradnchildren and 5 great grandchildren, Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor passed away on August 31, 1977 at the age of 82 in Fairfield County, Connecticut.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor was born May 17, 1895, to George Preston Blow and Adele Matthiessen, in Chicago, Illinois. Blow married Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, a federal serviceman to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in 1917, and the couple had four children, Hobart, Richard, Rose, and Adelaide. Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was an architect enthusiast, helping to restore up to 30 historic buldings in her lifetime. In addition to her interest in preservation, Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was a member of the Colonial Dames of America, the United Nations War Reflief, the Home for Incurables, and co-founded the National Women's Democratic Club in the 1930s. Leaving behind 16 gradnchildren and 5 great grandchildren, Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor passed away on August 31, 1977 at the age of 82 in Fairfield County, Connecticut."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence belonging to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor and Wayne Chatfield Taylor; discusses Wayne's role with the American Red Cross in Europe; the couple's courtship, engagement, and marriage; business papers relating to Chicago Investors' Corp stock purchase; and family correspondence throughout most of the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence series contains letters between Adele Blow Chatfeild-Taylor, Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, family members, and various associates. The contents of the correspondence refer to Adele's childhood, such as drawings and holiday greetings, social event invitations, romantic correspondence between her and Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and messages to and from her children and extended family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence to and from Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor discussing various topics including her engagement to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, invitations to ceremonies and events, general greetings, travel plans, and messages to her mother during her childhood about her daily life. 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Correspondence congratulates Adele and Wayne on their engagement, discusses the runaway marriage of Robert Chatfield-Taylor, and other general family affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of business papers, photogrpahs, newspaper clippings, and various other materials that detail Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor's life. The newspaper clippings commemorate her grandfather, Frederick Matthiessen, as a key builder of La Salle-Peru Township school. Personal notes includes a list of kin, hand-drawn maps, and sheets of stationary. Colored photographs depict unidentified children, an older couple and young children, and a bride. 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The contents of the correspondence refer to Adele's childhood, such as drawings and holiday greetings, social event invitations, romantic correspondence between her and Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and messages to and from her children and extended family.","Correspondence to and from Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor discussing various topics including her engagement to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, invitations to ceremonies and events, general greetings, travel plans, and messages to her mother during her childhood about her daily life. A significant amount of the letters are between Adele and her husbnad Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and they detail their friendship, courtship, and romantic sentiments.","General correspondence is arranged alphabetically by last name.","Correspondence to and from Wayne Chatfield-Taylor includes congratulations to Mr. Chatfield-Taylor on his engagement to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor, as well as business correspondence surrounding the investment banking firm of Field, Glore \u0026 Company Inc. Childhood letters to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor's grandparents detail his daily life as a student, as well as political correspondence between Wayne and his father, Hobart Chatfield-Taylor.","The family correspondence contains writings between the members of the Blow and Chatfield-Taylor family. Correspondence congratulates Adele and Wayne on their engagement, discusses the runaway marriage of Robert Chatfield-Taylor, and other general family affairs.","This series consists of business papers, photogrpahs, newspaper clippings, and various other materials that detail Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor's life. The newspaper clippings commemorate her grandfather, Frederick Matthiessen, as a key builder of La Salle-Peru Township school. Personal notes includes a list of kin, hand-drawn maps, and sheets of stationary. Colored photographs depict unidentified children, an older couple and young children, and a bride. The series contains both Wayne Chatfield-Taylor's personal writings and unidentified wrtitings, along with Yale records."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":120,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:24:30.521Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9693","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9693","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9693","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9693","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9693.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers","title_ssm":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers"],"title_tesim":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["Circa 1899-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 1899-1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00338","/repositories/2/resources/9693"],"text":["MS 00338","/repositories/2/resources/9693","Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers","American Red Cross--History--World War II period","Courtship--1910-1920","Letters (correspondence)","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor Family Papers collection is arranged in two series; Series I. Correspondence, and Series II. Personal Papers. Series I. contains three sub-series: Correspondence to and from Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor, Wayne Chatfield-Taylor Correspondence, and Family Correspondence.","Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor was born May 17, 1895, to George Preston Blow and Adele Matthiessen, in Chicago, Illinois. Blow married Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, a federal serviceman to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in 1917, and the couple had four children, Hobart, Richard, Rose, and Adelaide. Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was an architect enthusiast, helping to restore up to 30 historic buldings in her lifetime. In addition to her interest in preservation, Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was a member of the Colonial Dames of America, the United Nations War Reflief, the Home for Incurables, and co-founded the National Women's Democratic Club in the 1930s. Leaving behind 16 gradnchildren and 5 great grandchildren, Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor passed away on August 31, 1977 at the age of 82 in Fairfield County, Connecticut.","Correspondence belonging to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor and Wayne Chatfield Taylor; discusses Wayne's role with the American Red Cross in Europe; the couple's courtship, engagement, and marriage; business papers relating to Chicago Investors' Corp stock purchase; and family correspondence throughout most of the twentieth century.","The correspondence series contains letters between Adele Blow Chatfeild-Taylor, Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, family members, and various associates. The contents of the correspondence refer to Adele's childhood, such as drawings and holiday greetings, social event invitations, romantic correspondence between her and Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and messages to and from her children and extended family.","Correspondence to and from Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor discussing various topics including her engagement to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, invitations to ceremonies and events, general greetings, travel plans, and messages to her mother during her childhood about her daily life. A significant amount of the letters are between Adele and her husbnad Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and they detail their friendship, courtship, and romantic sentiments.","General correspondence is arranged alphabetically by last name.","Correspondence to and from Wayne Chatfield-Taylor includes congratulations to Mr. Chatfield-Taylor on his engagement to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor, as well as business correspondence surrounding the investment banking firm of Field, Glore \u0026 Company Inc. Childhood letters to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor's grandparents detail his daily life as a student, as well as political correspondence between Wayne and his father, Hobart Chatfield-Taylor.","The family correspondence contains writings between the members of the Blow and Chatfield-Taylor family. Correspondence congratulates Adele and Wayne on their engagement, discusses the runaway marriage of Robert Chatfield-Taylor, and other general family affairs.","This series consists of business papers, photogrpahs, newspaper clippings, and various other materials that detail Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor's life. The newspaper clippings commemorate her grandfather, Frederick Matthiessen, as a key builder of La Salle-Peru Township school. Personal notes includes a list of kin, hand-drawn maps, and sheets of stationary. Colored photographs depict unidentified children, an older couple and young children, and a bride. The series contains both Wayne Chatfield-Taylor's personal writings and unidentified wrtitings, along with Yale records.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00338","/repositories/2/resources/9693"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers were donated by the grandchildren of Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American Red Cross--History--World War II period","Courtship--1910-1920","Letters (correspondence)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American Red Cross--History--World War II period","Courtship--1910-1920","Letters (correspondence)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.75 Linear Feet 9 Hollinger boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3.75 Linear Feet 9 Hollinger boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Letters (correspondence)"],"date_range_isim":[1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. 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In addition to her interest in preservation, Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was a member of the Colonial Dames of America, the United Nations War Reflief, the Home for Incurables, and co-founded the National Women's Democratic Club in the 1930s. Leaving behind 16 gradnchildren and 5 great grandchildren, Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor passed away on August 31, 1977 at the age of 82 in Fairfield County, Connecticut.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor was born May 17, 1895, to George Preston Blow and Adele Matthiessen, in Chicago, Illinois. Blow married Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, a federal serviceman to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in 1917, and the couple had four children, Hobart, Richard, Rose, and Adelaide. Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was an architect enthusiast, helping to restore up to 30 historic buldings in her lifetime. In addition to her interest in preservation, Ms. Chatfield-Taylor was a member of the Colonial Dames of America, the United Nations War Reflief, the Home for Incurables, and co-founded the National Women's Democratic Club in the 1930s. Leaving behind 16 gradnchildren and 5 great grandchildren, Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor passed away on August 31, 1977 at the age of 82 in Fairfield County, Connecticut."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor family papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence belonging to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor and Wayne Chatfield Taylor; discusses Wayne's role with the American Red Cross in Europe; the couple's courtship, engagement, and marriage; business papers relating to Chicago Investors' Corp stock purchase; and family correspondence throughout most of the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence series contains letters between Adele Blow Chatfeild-Taylor, Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, family members, and various associates. The contents of the correspondence refer to Adele's childhood, such as drawings and holiday greetings, social event invitations, romantic correspondence between her and Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and messages to and from her children and extended family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence to and from Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor discussing various topics including her engagement to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, invitations to ceremonies and events, general greetings, travel plans, and messages to her mother during her childhood about her daily life. A significant amount of the letters are between Adele and her husbnad Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and they detail their friendship, courtship, and romantic sentiments.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeneral correspondence is arranged alphabetically by last name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence to and from Wayne Chatfield-Taylor includes congratulations to Mr. Chatfield-Taylor on his engagement to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor, as well as business correspondence surrounding the investment banking firm of Field, Glore \u0026amp; Company Inc. Childhood letters to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor's grandparents detail his daily life as a student, as well as political correspondence between Wayne and his father, Hobart Chatfield-Taylor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe family correspondence contains writings between the members of the Blow and Chatfield-Taylor family. Correspondence congratulates Adele and Wayne on their engagement, discusses the runaway marriage of Robert Chatfield-Taylor, and other general family affairs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of business papers, photogrpahs, newspaper clippings, and various other materials that detail Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor's life. The newspaper clippings commemorate her grandfather, Frederick Matthiessen, as a key builder of La Salle-Peru Township school. Personal notes includes a list of kin, hand-drawn maps, and sheets of stationary. Colored photographs depict unidentified children, an older couple and young children, and a bride. The series contains both Wayne Chatfield-Taylor's personal writings and unidentified wrtitings, along with Yale records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence belonging to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor and Wayne Chatfield Taylor; discusses Wayne's role with the American Red Cross in Europe; the couple's courtship, engagement, and marriage; business papers relating to Chicago Investors' Corp stock purchase; and family correspondence throughout most of the twentieth century.","The correspondence series contains letters between Adele Blow Chatfeild-Taylor, Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, family members, and various associates. The contents of the correspondence refer to Adele's childhood, such as drawings and holiday greetings, social event invitations, romantic correspondence between her and Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and messages to and from her children and extended family.","Correspondence to and from Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor discussing various topics including her engagement to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, invitations to ceremonies and events, general greetings, travel plans, and messages to her mother during her childhood about her daily life. A significant amount of the letters are between Adele and her husbnad Wayne Chatfield-Taylor, and they detail their friendship, courtship, and romantic sentiments.","General correspondence is arranged alphabetically by last name.","Correspondence to and from Wayne Chatfield-Taylor includes congratulations to Mr. Chatfield-Taylor on his engagement to Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor, as well as business correspondence surrounding the investment banking firm of Field, Glore \u0026 Company Inc. Childhood letters to Wayne Chatfield-Taylor's grandparents detail his daily life as a student, as well as political correspondence between Wayne and his father, Hobart Chatfield-Taylor.","The family correspondence contains writings between the members of the Blow and Chatfield-Taylor family. Correspondence congratulates Adele and Wayne on their engagement, discusses the runaway marriage of Robert Chatfield-Taylor, and other general family affairs.","This series consists of business papers, photogrpahs, newspaper clippings, and various other materials that detail Adele Blow Chatfield-Taylor's life. The newspaper clippings commemorate her grandfather, Frederick Matthiessen, as a key builder of La Salle-Peru Township school. Personal notes includes a list of kin, hand-drawn maps, and sheets of stationary. Colored photographs depict unidentified children, an older couple and young children, and a bride. The series contains both Wayne Chatfield-Taylor's personal writings and unidentified wrtitings, along with Yale records."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":120,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:24:30.521Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9693"}},{"id":"vihi_vih00010","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihi_vih00010#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Include scattered business and personal correspondence, ca. 1916-1950, as well as newspaper clippings, organizational minutes, notes and other published and manuscript materials pertaining to a wide array of Clark's political and artistic interests. Among the organizations with which Miss Clark worked were the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, the League of Women Voters of Virginia, and the Federal Art Project in Virginia. Correspondence, 1916-1940 and 1926-1939, with Nora Houston (1883-1942) and Willoughby Ions (1881-1977) illuminates the relationship between women's personal and professional networks and their political activities. The correspondence, 1906-1929, of Clark's mother, Estelle (Goodman) Clark (1847-1893) with her three daughters offers insights into relationships between mothers and their adult children. The collection also contains information on teaching art history in a variety of contexts, on women's suffrage and women's rights, and on other civic and political activities.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihi_vih00010#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihi_vih00010","ead_ssi":"vihi_vih00010","_root_":"vihi_vih00010","_nest_parent_":"vihi_vih00010","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vhs/vih00010.xml","title_ssm":["Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976"],"title_tesim":["Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss1 C5472 a FA2"],"text":["Mss1 C5472 a FA2","Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976","Art and state -- Virginia.","Art -- Study and teaching.","Clark,Adele, 1882-1983.","Clark, Estelle Goodman, 1847-1937.","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia.","Federal art Project (Va.)","Houston, Nora, 1883-1942.","Ions, Willoughby, 1881-1977.","League of Women Voters of Virginia.","Mothers and daughters.","Richmond(Va.) -- Intellectual life -- 20th\n         century.","Suffrage.","Women artists -- Virginia.","Women -- Family relationships.","Women in politics -- Virginia.","Women -- Suffrage.","900 (ca.) items. (2 archival and 1\n         oversize box).","Collection is open for research.","The papers of Adele Clark are arranged into seven series by\n         individual and further subdivided by subject or material\n         type.","Adele Clark was a major figure in Richmond's art scene and\n         political life for nearly three-quarters of a century. Born in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent her childhood in New Orleans, La.,\n         before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years later she\n         graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellen School (now\n         St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer for the\n         chamber of commerce, Miss Clark studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Miss Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York, where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement.","This collection begins with the papers of Robert Clark\n         (1832?-1906) and his wife, Estelle (Goodman) Clark\n         (1847-1937). His papers consist of three letters written by a\n         brother Tom Clark and miscellany; hers include correspondence,\n         accounts, and miscellany. A folder of her general\n         correspondence precedes individual folders of letters with her\n         three daughters, Adele Clark, Edith (Clark) Cowles, and\n         Gertrude (Clark) Dew, as well as one containing two letters\n         from President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Accounts and letters\n         concerning the deaths of two family members follow.","Correspondence of Edith (Clark) Cowles includes letters\n         with her sister, Adele Clark, and illustrator Dugald Stewart\n         Walker. Adele Clark (1882-1983) was a major figure in\n         Richmond's art society and political life for nearly\n         three-quarters of a century. Born Adele Goodman Clark in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent most of her childhood in New\n         Orleans, La., before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years\n         later Clark graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellett\n         School (now St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer\n         for the chamber of commerce she studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Adele Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement","Adele Clark's papers reflect her varied careers and\n         avocations, yet mostly pertain to her personal life and art\n         activities. Major collections of her papers documenting her\n         work with the Equal Suffrage League, the Virginia League of\n         Women Voters, and the U.S. Work Projects Administration have\n         been given to the Virginia State Library, the University of\n         Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, and other\n         institutions.","Adele Clark's papers begin with a section of general\n         correspondence, which consists of letters with family members,\n         artists, politicians, and suffragists. Among the more\n         prominent are: Ella Graham Agnew, Edmund Minor Archer, Harry\n         Flood Byrd (1887-1966), Colgate Whitehead Darden, Marion\n         Montague Junkin, Elizabeth Dabney (Langhorne) Lewis, Theresa\n         Pollak, and Roberta Wellford. Separate folders contain\n         correspondence with Richmond artist Nora Houston and artist\n         and designer Willoughby Ions, Adele Clark's first cousin.","Accounts precede financial records, which include materials\n         concerning \"Swannanoa,\" the summer home of James Henry Dooley,\n         uncle of Nora Houston. Adele Clark was helping the Dooley\n         family dispose of this property after the death of Sallie\n         (May) Dooley in 1925. A few items documenting Adele Clark's\n         brief tenure as acting dean of women at the College of William\n         and Mary precede materials concerning her uncle, Edward Samuel\n         Goodman, who died in 1931. These include inquiries concerning\n         his health, sympathy letters and trust information. Sympathy\n         letters concerning the death of Nora Houston, recipes,\n         miscellaneous newspaper clippings and personal miscellany\n         conclude this section.","Materials pertaining to Adele Clark's art career and\n         political activities are located in box 2. These begin with a\n         folder of general art correspondence, arranged alphabetically,\n         which mostly consists of portrait requests, commissions,\n         inquiries, and letters with miscellaneous art institutions.\n         Clark was treasurer and member of the board of directors of\n         the Richmond Art Club as well as a student and instructor\n         there. A minute book, loose minutes, correspondence, loose\n         clippings and a scrapbook of clippings, located with oversized\n         materials in box 3, document her affiliation with the club. An\n         unsigned appeal from James H. Dooley, the club's president, is\n         found among the loose minutes.","In 1919, Adele Clark and Nora Houston, with whom she shared\n         a studio, founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and\n         Handicrafts in an attempt to revive the Chevalier Quesnay de\n         Beaurepaire's Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. This soon\n         became the Virginia League of Fine Arts, which merged with the\n         Richmond Academy of Arts in 1931. This collection contains a\n         copy of the league's constitution, amendments and reports as\n         well as a few items of correspondence. Minutes of the board of\n         trustees of the Richmond Academy of Arts document the merger\n         and the two years following. Lecture notes and student papers\n         from the College of William and Mary extension in Richmond\n         (Richmond Professional Institute) precede WPA materials. The\n         latter mainly consists of letters with Campbell Bascom Slemp\n         about the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap, but also\n         include a scrapbook, located in box 3, and the transcript of a\n         1963 interview.","From 1941 to 1964, Adele Clark served on the State Art\n         Commission, an organization she helped establish in 1916.\n         Materials, primarily reports and minutes, span her entire\n         affiliation with the commission, but mostly pertain to her\n         last three years of service. Materials of the Virginia Society\n         for Crippled Children and Adults include correspondence,\n         reports and notes on patients and demonstrate Clark's interest\n         in using art in rehabilitation. In 1947, a portrait gallery of\n         state police officers who died in the line of duty was\n         established at state police headquarters in Chesterfield\n         County. Adele Clark was commissioned to paint one of these\n         portraits. Materials concerning the dedication include\n         clippings and a program that contains biographical sketches of\n         artists and subjects.","In 1956, the Richmond Artists Association was founded to\n         encourage local appreciation and patronage of contemporary\n         art. Among these materials are copies of the constitution,\n         by-laws, rosters, and a directory. Materials concerning the\n         dedication of the Nora Houston Gallery at St. Paul's School in\n         1972 follow. A copy of the dedication address by Edmund Minor\n         Archer recounts Nora Houston's contributions to Richmond art.\n         Notes and articles, invitations, announcements and exhibition\n         information, a visitor's roster to a 1946 exhibition, two\n         sketchbooks and loose sketches, and miscellany conclude this\n         section.","The rest of Adele Clark's papers concern her role as a\n         political activist. These materials are relatively few in\n         number and often individual folders contain only several items\n         that span a large date range. For example, the first folder in\n         this section contains materials concerning women's rights\n         (excluding the League of Women Voters) from 1912 to 1976. This\n         material includes correspondence, clippings, notes, and\n         miscellany concerning various women's issues from suffrage to\n         the Equal Rights Amendment. As previously mentioned Adele\n         Clark's Equal Suffrage League and Virginia League of Women\n         Voters papers were given to another institution. An index to\n         those papers donated to the James Branch Cabell Library at\n         Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond follows folders\n         on the Richmond and Virginia Leagues. In 1923, the Virginia\n         League of Women Voters established the Virginia Women's\n         Council of Legislative Chairmen of State Organizations to\n         coordinate lobbying efforts among like-minded organizations.\n         In the mid-1950's this became the Virginia Council on State\n         Legislation. Materials concerning these organizations mainly\n         include bulletins and reports. In 1921, Governor E. Lee\n         Trinkle appointed Adele Clark to the Commission on\n         Simplification of state Government. A few items of\n         correspondence, reports and bulletins, mostly from budget\n         director LeRoy Hodges, document the commission's work.","Materials that pertain to Prohibition and the National\n         recovery Administration consist almost entirely of newspaper\n         clippings. Minutes and resolutions from a meeting on economic\n         security held in Richmond on March 7, 1935, with Secretary of\n         Labor Frances Perkins precede miscellaneous information\n         concerning a variety of labor and racial issues. A transcript\n         of an interview (ca. 1920) with an ex-slave from Maryland is\n         found with this material. A folder of political miscellany and\n         one concerning Adele Clark's activities on behalf of the\n         Diocesan Council of Catholic Women conclude Adele Clark's\n         papers.","The papers of Adeline Harmon (Cowles) Cox (1907- ) and\n         miscellaneous family items are located at the end of box\n         2.","Correspondence, 1855; miscellany.","General correspondence, 1903-1936; correspondence\n               with daughters, 1906-1929; correspondence with Franklin\n               Delano Roosevelt, 1933, 1937; accounts, 1928-1930,\n               1935-1937;","Correspondence, 1917-1938","1933-1941, 1960-1961","Miscellany.","Correspondence and miscellany","Adele Clark: Art Club scrapbook, 1907-1917; WPA\n               scrapbook, 1940; certificates and posters.","There are no restrictions.","Include scattered business and\n         personal correspondence, ca. 1916-1950, as well as newspaper\n         clippings, organizational minutes, notes and other published\n         and manuscript materials pertaining to a wide array of Clark's\n         political and artistic interests. Among the organizations with\n         which Miss Clark worked were the Equal Suffrage League of\n         Virginia, the League of Women Voters of Virginia, and the\n         Federal Art Project in Virginia. Correspondence, 1916-1940 and\n         1926-1939, with Nora Houston (1883-1942) and Willoughby Ions\n         (1881-1977) illuminates the relationship between women's\n         personal and professional networks and their political\n         activities. The correspondence, 1906-1929, of Clark's mother,\n         Estelle (Goodman) Clark (1847-1893) with her three daughters\n         offers insights into relationships between mothers and their\n         adult children. The collection also contains information on\n         teaching art history in a variety of contexts, on women's\n         suffrage and women's rights, and on other civic and political\n         activities.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss1 C5472 a FA2"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Historical Society"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Historical Society"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Adele Clark in 1979. Accessioned 7 July\n            1986."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art and state -- Virginia.","Art -- Study and teaching.","Clark,Adele, 1882-1983.","Clark, Estelle Goodman, 1847-1937.","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia.","Federal art Project (Va.)","Houston, Nora, 1883-1942.","Ions, Willoughby, 1881-1977.","League of Women Voters of Virginia.","Mothers and daughters.","Richmond(Va.) -- Intellectual life -- 20th\n         century.","Suffrage.","Women artists -- Virginia.","Women -- Family relationships.","Women in politics -- Virginia.","Women -- Suffrage."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art and state -- Virginia.","Art -- Study and teaching.","Clark,Adele, 1882-1983.","Clark, Estelle Goodman, 1847-1937.","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia.","Federal art Project (Va.)","Houston, Nora, 1883-1942.","Ions, Willoughby, 1881-1977.","League of Women Voters of Virginia.","Mothers and daughters.","Richmond(Va.) -- Intellectual life -- 20th\n         century.","Suffrage.","Women artists -- Virginia.","Women -- Family relationships.","Women in politics -- Virginia.","Women -- Suffrage."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["900 (ca.) items. (2 archival and 1\n         oversize box)."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Adele Clark are arranged into seven series by\n         individual and further subdivided by subject or material\n         type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers of Adele Clark are arranged into seven series by\n         individual and further subdivided by subject or material\n         type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Clark was a major figure in Richmond's art scene and\n         political life for nearly three-quarters of a century. Born in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent her childhood in New Orleans, La.,\n         before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years later she\n         graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellen School (now\n         St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer for the\n         chamber of commerce, Miss Clark studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Miss Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York, where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Adele Clark was a major figure in Richmond's art scene and\n         political life for nearly three-quarters of a century. Born in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent her childhood in New Orleans, La.,\n         before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years later she\n         graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellen School (now\n         St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer for the\n         chamber of commerce, Miss Clark studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Miss Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York, where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Clark Papers, 1855-1976 (Mss1 C5472 a FA2),\n            Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Clark Papers, 1855-1976 (Mss1 C5472 a FA2),\n            Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection begins with the papers of Robert Clark\n         (1832?-1906) and his wife, Estelle (Goodman) Clark\n         (1847-1937). His papers consist of three letters written by a\n         brother Tom Clark and miscellany; hers include correspondence,\n         accounts, and miscellany. A folder of her general\n         correspondence precedes individual folders of letters with her\n         three daughters, Adele Clark, Edith (Clark) Cowles, and\n         Gertrude (Clark) Dew, as well as one containing two letters\n         from President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Accounts and letters\n         concerning the deaths of two family members follow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence of Edith (Clark) Cowles includes letters\n         with her sister, Adele Clark, and illustrator Dugald Stewart\n         Walker. Adele Clark (1882-1983) was a major figure in\n         Richmond's art society and political life for nearly\n         three-quarters of a century. Born Adele Goodman Clark in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent most of her childhood in New\n         Orleans, La., before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years\n         later Clark graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellett\n         School (now St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer\n         for the chamber of commerce she studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Adele Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdele Clark's papers reflect her varied careers and\n         avocations, yet mostly pertain to her personal life and art\n         activities. Major collections of her papers documenting her\n         work with the Equal Suffrage League, the Virginia League of\n         Women Voters, and the U.S. Work Projects Administration have\n         been given to the Virginia State Library, the University of\n         Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, and other\n         institutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdele Clark's papers begin with a section of general\n         correspondence, which consists of letters with family members,\n         artists, politicians, and suffragists. Among the more\n         prominent are: Ella Graham Agnew, Edmund Minor Archer, Harry\n         Flood Byrd (1887-1966), Colgate Whitehead Darden, Marion\n         Montague Junkin, Elizabeth Dabney (Langhorne) Lewis, Theresa\n         Pollak, and Roberta Wellford. Separate folders contain\n         correspondence with Richmond artist Nora Houston and artist\n         and designer Willoughby Ions, Adele Clark's first cousin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccounts precede financial records, which include materials\n         concerning \"Swannanoa,\" the summer home of James Henry Dooley,\n         uncle of Nora Houston. Adele Clark was helping the Dooley\n         family dispose of this property after the death of Sallie\n         (May) Dooley in 1925. A few items documenting Adele Clark's\n         brief tenure as acting dean of women at the College of William\n         and Mary precede materials concerning her uncle, Edward Samuel\n         Goodman, who died in 1931. These include inquiries concerning\n         his health, sympathy letters and trust information. Sympathy\n         letters concerning the death of Nora Houston, recipes,\n         miscellaneous newspaper clippings and personal miscellany\n         conclude this section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials pertaining to Adele Clark's art career and\n         political activities are located in box 2. These begin with a\n         folder of general art correspondence, arranged alphabetically,\n         which mostly consists of portrait requests, commissions,\n         inquiries, and letters with miscellaneous art institutions.\n         Clark was treasurer and member of the board of directors of\n         the Richmond Art Club as well as a student and instructor\n         there. A minute book, loose minutes, correspondence, loose\n         clippings and a scrapbook of clippings, located with oversized\n         materials in box 3, document her affiliation with the club. An\n         unsigned appeal from James H. Dooley, the club's president, is\n         found among the loose minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1919, Adele Clark and Nora Houston, with whom she shared\n         a studio, founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and\n         Handicrafts in an attempt to revive the Chevalier Quesnay de\n         Beaurepaire's Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. This soon\n         became the Virginia League of Fine Arts, which merged with the\n         Richmond Academy of Arts in 1931. This collection contains a\n         copy of the league's constitution, amendments and reports as\n         well as a few items of correspondence. Minutes of the board of\n         trustees of the Richmond Academy of Arts document the merger\n         and the two years following. Lecture notes and student papers\n         from the College of William and Mary extension in Richmond\n         (Richmond Professional Institute) precede WPA materials. The\n         latter mainly consists of letters with Campbell Bascom Slemp\n         about the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap, but also\n         include a scrapbook, located in box 3, and the transcript of a\n         1963 interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1941 to 1964, Adele Clark served on the State Art\n         Commission, an organization she helped establish in 1916.\n         Materials, primarily reports and minutes, span her entire\n         affiliation with the commission, but mostly pertain to her\n         last three years of service. Materials of the Virginia Society\n         for Crippled Children and Adults include correspondence,\n         reports and notes on patients and demonstrate Clark's interest\n         in using art in rehabilitation. In 1947, a portrait gallery of\n         state police officers who died in the line of duty was\n         established at state police headquarters in Chesterfield\n         County. Adele Clark was commissioned to paint one of these\n         portraits. Materials concerning the dedication include\n         clippings and a program that contains biographical sketches of\n         artists and subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1956, the Richmond Artists Association was founded to\n         encourage local appreciation and patronage of contemporary\n         art. Among these materials are copies of the constitution,\n         by-laws, rosters, and a directory. Materials concerning the\n         dedication of the Nora Houston Gallery at St. Paul's School in\n         1972 follow. A copy of the dedication address by Edmund Minor\n         Archer recounts Nora Houston's contributions to Richmond art.\n         Notes and articles, invitations, announcements and exhibition\n         information, a visitor's roster to a 1946 exhibition, two\n         sketchbooks and loose sketches, and miscellany conclude this\n         section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe rest of Adele Clark's papers concern her role as a\n         political activist. These materials are relatively few in\n         number and often individual folders contain only several items\n         that span a large date range. For example, the first folder in\n         this section contains materials concerning women's rights\n         (excluding the League of Women Voters) from 1912 to 1976. This\n         material includes correspondence, clippings, notes, and\n         miscellany concerning various women's issues from suffrage to\n         the Equal Rights Amendment. As previously mentioned Adele\n         Clark's Equal Suffrage League and Virginia League of Women\n         Voters papers were given to another institution. An index to\n         those papers donated to the James Branch Cabell Library at\n         Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond follows folders\n         on the Richmond and Virginia Leagues. In 1923, the Virginia\n         League of Women Voters established the Virginia Women's\n         Council of Legislative Chairmen of State Organizations to\n         coordinate lobbying efforts among like-minded organizations.\n         In the mid-1950's this became the Virginia Council on State\n         Legislation. Materials concerning these organizations mainly\n         include bulletins and reports. In 1921, Governor E. Lee\n         Trinkle appointed Adele Clark to the Commission on\n         Simplification of state Government. A few items of\n         correspondence, reports and bulletins, mostly from budget\n         director LeRoy Hodges, document the commission's work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials that pertain to Prohibition and the National\n         recovery Administration consist almost entirely of newspaper\n         clippings. Minutes and resolutions from a meeting on economic\n         security held in Richmond on March 7, 1935, with Secretary of\n         Labor Frances Perkins precede miscellaneous information\n         concerning a variety of labor and racial issues. A transcript\n         of an interview (ca. 1920) with an ex-slave from Maryland is\n         found with this material. A folder of political miscellany and\n         one concerning Adele Clark's activities on behalf of the\n         Diocesan Council of Catholic Women conclude Adele Clark's\n         papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Adeline Harmon (Cowles) Cox (1907- ) and\n         miscellaneous family items are located at the end of box\n         2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1855; miscellany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral correspondence, 1903-1936; correspondence\n               with daughters, 1906-1929; correspondence with Franklin\n               Delano Roosevelt, 1933, 1937; accounts, 1928-1930,\n               1935-1937;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1917-1938\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1933-1941, 1960-1961\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and miscellany\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdele Clark: Art Club scrapbook, 1907-1917; WPA\n               scrapbook, 1940; certificates and posters.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection begins with the papers of Robert Clark\n         (1832?-1906) and his wife, Estelle (Goodman) Clark\n         (1847-1937). His papers consist of three letters written by a\n         brother Tom Clark and miscellany; hers include correspondence,\n         accounts, and miscellany. A folder of her general\n         correspondence precedes individual folders of letters with her\n         three daughters, Adele Clark, Edith (Clark) Cowles, and\n         Gertrude (Clark) Dew, as well as one containing two letters\n         from President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Accounts and letters\n         concerning the deaths of two family members follow.","Correspondence of Edith (Clark) Cowles includes letters\n         with her sister, Adele Clark, and illustrator Dugald Stewart\n         Walker. Adele Clark (1882-1983) was a major figure in\n         Richmond's art society and political life for nearly\n         three-quarters of a century. Born Adele Goodman Clark in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent most of her childhood in New\n         Orleans, La., before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years\n         later Clark graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellett\n         School (now St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer\n         for the chamber of commerce she studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Adele Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement","Adele Clark's papers reflect her varied careers and\n         avocations, yet mostly pertain to her personal life and art\n         activities. Major collections of her papers documenting her\n         work with the Equal Suffrage League, the Virginia League of\n         Women Voters, and the U.S. Work Projects Administration have\n         been given to the Virginia State Library, the University of\n         Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, and other\n         institutions.","Adele Clark's papers begin with a section of general\n         correspondence, which consists of letters with family members,\n         artists, politicians, and suffragists. Among the more\n         prominent are: Ella Graham Agnew, Edmund Minor Archer, Harry\n         Flood Byrd (1887-1966), Colgate Whitehead Darden, Marion\n         Montague Junkin, Elizabeth Dabney (Langhorne) Lewis, Theresa\n         Pollak, and Roberta Wellford. Separate folders contain\n         correspondence with Richmond artist Nora Houston and artist\n         and designer Willoughby Ions, Adele Clark's first cousin.","Accounts precede financial records, which include materials\n         concerning \"Swannanoa,\" the summer home of James Henry Dooley,\n         uncle of Nora Houston. Adele Clark was helping the Dooley\n         family dispose of this property after the death of Sallie\n         (May) Dooley in 1925. A few items documenting Adele Clark's\n         brief tenure as acting dean of women at the College of William\n         and Mary precede materials concerning her uncle, Edward Samuel\n         Goodman, who died in 1931. These include inquiries concerning\n         his health, sympathy letters and trust information. Sympathy\n         letters concerning the death of Nora Houston, recipes,\n         miscellaneous newspaper clippings and personal miscellany\n         conclude this section.","Materials pertaining to Adele Clark's art career and\n         political activities are located in box 2. These begin with a\n         folder of general art correspondence, arranged alphabetically,\n         which mostly consists of portrait requests, commissions,\n         inquiries, and letters with miscellaneous art institutions.\n         Clark was treasurer and member of the board of directors of\n         the Richmond Art Club as well as a student and instructor\n         there. A minute book, loose minutes, correspondence, loose\n         clippings and a scrapbook of clippings, located with oversized\n         materials in box 3, document her affiliation with the club. An\n         unsigned appeal from James H. Dooley, the club's president, is\n         found among the loose minutes.","In 1919, Adele Clark and Nora Houston, with whom she shared\n         a studio, founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and\n         Handicrafts in an attempt to revive the Chevalier Quesnay de\n         Beaurepaire's Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. This soon\n         became the Virginia League of Fine Arts, which merged with the\n         Richmond Academy of Arts in 1931. This collection contains a\n         copy of the league's constitution, amendments and reports as\n         well as a few items of correspondence. Minutes of the board of\n         trustees of the Richmond Academy of Arts document the merger\n         and the two years following. Lecture notes and student papers\n         from the College of William and Mary extension in Richmond\n         (Richmond Professional Institute) precede WPA materials. The\n         latter mainly consists of letters with Campbell Bascom Slemp\n         about the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap, but also\n         include a scrapbook, located in box 3, and the transcript of a\n         1963 interview.","From 1941 to 1964, Adele Clark served on the State Art\n         Commission, an organization she helped establish in 1916.\n         Materials, primarily reports and minutes, span her entire\n         affiliation with the commission, but mostly pertain to her\n         last three years of service. Materials of the Virginia Society\n         for Crippled Children and Adults include correspondence,\n         reports and notes on patients and demonstrate Clark's interest\n         in using art in rehabilitation. In 1947, a portrait gallery of\n         state police officers who died in the line of duty was\n         established at state police headquarters in Chesterfield\n         County. Adele Clark was commissioned to paint one of these\n         portraits. Materials concerning the dedication include\n         clippings and a program that contains biographical sketches of\n         artists and subjects.","In 1956, the Richmond Artists Association was founded to\n         encourage local appreciation and patronage of contemporary\n         art. Among these materials are copies of the constitution,\n         by-laws, rosters, and a directory. Materials concerning the\n         dedication of the Nora Houston Gallery at St. Paul's School in\n         1972 follow. A copy of the dedication address by Edmund Minor\n         Archer recounts Nora Houston's contributions to Richmond art.\n         Notes and articles, invitations, announcements and exhibition\n         information, a visitor's roster to a 1946 exhibition, two\n         sketchbooks and loose sketches, and miscellany conclude this\n         section.","The rest of Adele Clark's papers concern her role as a\n         political activist. These materials are relatively few in\n         number and often individual folders contain only several items\n         that span a large date range. For example, the first folder in\n         this section contains materials concerning women's rights\n         (excluding the League of Women Voters) from 1912 to 1976. This\n         material includes correspondence, clippings, notes, and\n         miscellany concerning various women's issues from suffrage to\n         the Equal Rights Amendment. As previously mentioned Adele\n         Clark's Equal Suffrage League and Virginia League of Women\n         Voters papers were given to another institution. An index to\n         those papers donated to the James Branch Cabell Library at\n         Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond follows folders\n         on the Richmond and Virginia Leagues. In 1923, the Virginia\n         League of Women Voters established the Virginia Women's\n         Council of Legislative Chairmen of State Organizations to\n         coordinate lobbying efforts among like-minded organizations.\n         In the mid-1950's this became the Virginia Council on State\n         Legislation. Materials concerning these organizations mainly\n         include bulletins and reports. In 1921, Governor E. Lee\n         Trinkle appointed Adele Clark to the Commission on\n         Simplification of state Government. A few items of\n         correspondence, reports and bulletins, mostly from budget\n         director LeRoy Hodges, document the commission's work.","Materials that pertain to Prohibition and the National\n         recovery Administration consist almost entirely of newspaper\n         clippings. Minutes and resolutions from a meeting on economic\n         security held in Richmond on March 7, 1935, with Secretary of\n         Labor Frances Perkins precede miscellaneous information\n         concerning a variety of labor and racial issues. A transcript\n         of an interview (ca. 1920) with an ex-slave from Maryland is\n         found with this material. A folder of political miscellany and\n         one concerning Adele Clark's activities on behalf of the\n         Diocesan Council of Catholic Women conclude Adele Clark's\n         papers.","The papers of Adeline Harmon (Cowles) Cox (1907- ) and\n         miscellaneous family items are located at the end of box\n         2.","Correspondence, 1855; miscellany.","General correspondence, 1903-1936; correspondence\n               with daughters, 1906-1929; correspondence with Franklin\n               Delano Roosevelt, 1933, 1937; accounts, 1928-1930,\n               1935-1937;","Correspondence, 1917-1938","1933-1941, 1960-1961","Miscellany.","Correspondence and miscellany","Adele Clark: Art Club scrapbook, 1907-1917; WPA\n               scrapbook, 1940; certificates and posters."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eInclude scattered business and\n         personal correspondence, ca. 1916-1950, as well as newspaper\n         clippings, organizational minutes, notes and other published\n         and manuscript materials pertaining to a wide array of Clark's\n         political and artistic interests. Among the organizations with\n         which Miss Clark worked were the Equal Suffrage League of\n         Virginia, the League of Women Voters of Virginia, and the\n         Federal Art Project in Virginia. Correspondence, 1916-1940 and\n         1926-1939, with Nora Houston (1883-1942) and Willoughby Ions\n         (1881-1977) illuminates the relationship between women's\n         personal and professional networks and their political\n         activities. The correspondence, 1906-1929, of Clark's mother,\n         Estelle (Goodman) Clark (1847-1893) with her three daughters\n         offers insights into relationships between mothers and their\n         adult children. The collection also contains information on\n         teaching art history in a variety of contexts, on women's\n         suffrage and women's rights, and on other civic and political\n         activities.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Include scattered business and\n         personal correspondence, ca. 1916-1950, as well as newspaper\n         clippings, organizational minutes, notes and other published\n         and manuscript materials pertaining to a wide array of Clark's\n         political and artistic interests. Among the organizations with\n         which Miss Clark worked were the Equal Suffrage League of\n         Virginia, the League of Women Voters of Virginia, and the\n         Federal Art Project in Virginia. Correspondence, 1916-1940 and\n         1926-1939, with Nora Houston (1883-1942) and Willoughby Ions\n         (1881-1977) illuminates the relationship between women's\n         personal and professional networks and their political\n         activities. The correspondence, 1906-1929, of Clark's mother,\n         Estelle (Goodman) Clark (1847-1893) with her three daughters\n         offers insights into relationships between mothers and their\n         adult children. The collection also contains information on\n         teaching art history in a variety of contexts, on women's\n         suffrage and women's rights, and on other civic and political\n         activities."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":45,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:52:57.653Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihi_vih00010","ead_ssi":"vihi_vih00010","_root_":"vihi_vih00010","_nest_parent_":"vihi_vih00010","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vhs/vih00010.xml","title_ssm":["Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976"],"title_tesim":["Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss1 C5472 a FA2"],"text":["Mss1 C5472 a FA2","Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976","Art and state -- Virginia.","Art -- Study and teaching.","Clark,Adele, 1882-1983.","Clark, Estelle Goodman, 1847-1937.","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia.","Federal art Project (Va.)","Houston, Nora, 1883-1942.","Ions, Willoughby, 1881-1977.","League of Women Voters of Virginia.","Mothers and daughters.","Richmond(Va.) -- Intellectual life -- 20th\n         century.","Suffrage.","Women artists -- Virginia.","Women -- Family relationships.","Women in politics -- Virginia.","Women -- Suffrage.","900 (ca.) items. (2 archival and 1\n         oversize box).","Collection is open for research.","The papers of Adele Clark are arranged into seven series by\n         individual and further subdivided by subject or material\n         type.","Adele Clark was a major figure in Richmond's art scene and\n         political life for nearly three-quarters of a century. Born in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent her childhood in New Orleans, La.,\n         before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years later she\n         graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellen School (now\n         St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer for the\n         chamber of commerce, Miss Clark studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Miss Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York, where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement.","This collection begins with the papers of Robert Clark\n         (1832?-1906) and his wife, Estelle (Goodman) Clark\n         (1847-1937). His papers consist of three letters written by a\n         brother Tom Clark and miscellany; hers include correspondence,\n         accounts, and miscellany. A folder of her general\n         correspondence precedes individual folders of letters with her\n         three daughters, Adele Clark, Edith (Clark) Cowles, and\n         Gertrude (Clark) Dew, as well as one containing two letters\n         from President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Accounts and letters\n         concerning the deaths of two family members follow.","Correspondence of Edith (Clark) Cowles includes letters\n         with her sister, Adele Clark, and illustrator Dugald Stewart\n         Walker. Adele Clark (1882-1983) was a major figure in\n         Richmond's art society and political life for nearly\n         three-quarters of a century. Born Adele Goodman Clark in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent most of her childhood in New\n         Orleans, La., before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years\n         later Clark graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellett\n         School (now St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer\n         for the chamber of commerce she studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Adele Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement","Adele Clark's papers reflect her varied careers and\n         avocations, yet mostly pertain to her personal life and art\n         activities. Major collections of her papers documenting her\n         work with the Equal Suffrage League, the Virginia League of\n         Women Voters, and the U.S. Work Projects Administration have\n         been given to the Virginia State Library, the University of\n         Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, and other\n         institutions.","Adele Clark's papers begin with a section of general\n         correspondence, which consists of letters with family members,\n         artists, politicians, and suffragists. Among the more\n         prominent are: Ella Graham Agnew, Edmund Minor Archer, Harry\n         Flood Byrd (1887-1966), Colgate Whitehead Darden, Marion\n         Montague Junkin, Elizabeth Dabney (Langhorne) Lewis, Theresa\n         Pollak, and Roberta Wellford. Separate folders contain\n         correspondence with Richmond artist Nora Houston and artist\n         and designer Willoughby Ions, Adele Clark's first cousin.","Accounts precede financial records, which include materials\n         concerning \"Swannanoa,\" the summer home of James Henry Dooley,\n         uncle of Nora Houston. Adele Clark was helping the Dooley\n         family dispose of this property after the death of Sallie\n         (May) Dooley in 1925. A few items documenting Adele Clark's\n         brief tenure as acting dean of women at the College of William\n         and Mary precede materials concerning her uncle, Edward Samuel\n         Goodman, who died in 1931. These include inquiries concerning\n         his health, sympathy letters and trust information. Sympathy\n         letters concerning the death of Nora Houston, recipes,\n         miscellaneous newspaper clippings and personal miscellany\n         conclude this section.","Materials pertaining to Adele Clark's art career and\n         political activities are located in box 2. These begin with a\n         folder of general art correspondence, arranged alphabetically,\n         which mostly consists of portrait requests, commissions,\n         inquiries, and letters with miscellaneous art institutions.\n         Clark was treasurer and member of the board of directors of\n         the Richmond Art Club as well as a student and instructor\n         there. A minute book, loose minutes, correspondence, loose\n         clippings and a scrapbook of clippings, located with oversized\n         materials in box 3, document her affiliation with the club. An\n         unsigned appeal from James H. Dooley, the club's president, is\n         found among the loose minutes.","In 1919, Adele Clark and Nora Houston, with whom she shared\n         a studio, founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and\n         Handicrafts in an attempt to revive the Chevalier Quesnay de\n         Beaurepaire's Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. This soon\n         became the Virginia League of Fine Arts, which merged with the\n         Richmond Academy of Arts in 1931. This collection contains a\n         copy of the league's constitution, amendments and reports as\n         well as a few items of correspondence. Minutes of the board of\n         trustees of the Richmond Academy of Arts document the merger\n         and the two years following. Lecture notes and student papers\n         from the College of William and Mary extension in Richmond\n         (Richmond Professional Institute) precede WPA materials. The\n         latter mainly consists of letters with Campbell Bascom Slemp\n         about the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap, but also\n         include a scrapbook, located in box 3, and the transcript of a\n         1963 interview.","From 1941 to 1964, Adele Clark served on the State Art\n         Commission, an organization she helped establish in 1916.\n         Materials, primarily reports and minutes, span her entire\n         affiliation with the commission, but mostly pertain to her\n         last three years of service. Materials of the Virginia Society\n         for Crippled Children and Adults include correspondence,\n         reports and notes on patients and demonstrate Clark's interest\n         in using art in rehabilitation. In 1947, a portrait gallery of\n         state police officers who died in the line of duty was\n         established at state police headquarters in Chesterfield\n         County. Adele Clark was commissioned to paint one of these\n         portraits. Materials concerning the dedication include\n         clippings and a program that contains biographical sketches of\n         artists and subjects.","In 1956, the Richmond Artists Association was founded to\n         encourage local appreciation and patronage of contemporary\n         art. Among these materials are copies of the constitution,\n         by-laws, rosters, and a directory. Materials concerning the\n         dedication of the Nora Houston Gallery at St. Paul's School in\n         1972 follow. A copy of the dedication address by Edmund Minor\n         Archer recounts Nora Houston's contributions to Richmond art.\n         Notes and articles, invitations, announcements and exhibition\n         information, a visitor's roster to a 1946 exhibition, two\n         sketchbooks and loose sketches, and miscellany conclude this\n         section.","The rest of Adele Clark's papers concern her role as a\n         political activist. These materials are relatively few in\n         number and often individual folders contain only several items\n         that span a large date range. For example, the first folder in\n         this section contains materials concerning women's rights\n         (excluding the League of Women Voters) from 1912 to 1976. This\n         material includes correspondence, clippings, notes, and\n         miscellany concerning various women's issues from suffrage to\n         the Equal Rights Amendment. As previously mentioned Adele\n         Clark's Equal Suffrage League and Virginia League of Women\n         Voters papers were given to another institution. An index to\n         those papers donated to the James Branch Cabell Library at\n         Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond follows folders\n         on the Richmond and Virginia Leagues. In 1923, the Virginia\n         League of Women Voters established the Virginia Women's\n         Council of Legislative Chairmen of State Organizations to\n         coordinate lobbying efforts among like-minded organizations.\n         In the mid-1950's this became the Virginia Council on State\n         Legislation. Materials concerning these organizations mainly\n         include bulletins and reports. In 1921, Governor E. Lee\n         Trinkle appointed Adele Clark to the Commission on\n         Simplification of state Government. A few items of\n         correspondence, reports and bulletins, mostly from budget\n         director LeRoy Hodges, document the commission's work.","Materials that pertain to Prohibition and the National\n         recovery Administration consist almost entirely of newspaper\n         clippings. Minutes and resolutions from a meeting on economic\n         security held in Richmond on March 7, 1935, with Secretary of\n         Labor Frances Perkins precede miscellaneous information\n         concerning a variety of labor and racial issues. A transcript\n         of an interview (ca. 1920) with an ex-slave from Maryland is\n         found with this material. A folder of political miscellany and\n         one concerning Adele Clark's activities on behalf of the\n         Diocesan Council of Catholic Women conclude Adele Clark's\n         papers.","The papers of Adeline Harmon (Cowles) Cox (1907- ) and\n         miscellaneous family items are located at the end of box\n         2.","Correspondence, 1855; miscellany.","General correspondence, 1903-1936; correspondence\n               with daughters, 1906-1929; correspondence with Franklin\n               Delano Roosevelt, 1933, 1937; accounts, 1928-1930,\n               1935-1937;","Correspondence, 1917-1938","1933-1941, 1960-1961","Miscellany.","Correspondence and miscellany","Adele Clark: Art Club scrapbook, 1907-1917; WPA\n               scrapbook, 1940; certificates and posters.","There are no restrictions.","Include scattered business and\n         personal correspondence, ca. 1916-1950, as well as newspaper\n         clippings, organizational minutes, notes and other published\n         and manuscript materials pertaining to a wide array of Clark's\n         political and artistic interests. Among the organizations with\n         which Miss Clark worked were the Equal Suffrage League of\n         Virginia, the League of Women Voters of Virginia, and the\n         Federal Art Project in Virginia. Correspondence, 1916-1940 and\n         1926-1939, with Nora Houston (1883-1942) and Willoughby Ions\n         (1881-1977) illuminates the relationship between women's\n         personal and professional networks and their political\n         activities. The correspondence, 1906-1929, of Clark's mother,\n         Estelle (Goodman) Clark (1847-1893) with her three daughters\n         offers insights into relationships between mothers and their\n         adult children. The collection also contains information on\n         teaching art history in a variety of contexts, on women's\n         suffrage and women's rights, and on other civic and political\n         activities.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss1 C5472 a FA2"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Clark Papers \n         \n         1855-1976"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Historical Society"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Historical Society"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Adele Clark in 1979. Accessioned 7 July\n            1986."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art and state -- Virginia.","Art -- Study and teaching.","Clark,Adele, 1882-1983.","Clark, Estelle Goodman, 1847-1937.","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia.","Federal art Project (Va.)","Houston, Nora, 1883-1942.","Ions, Willoughby, 1881-1977.","League of Women Voters of Virginia.","Mothers and daughters.","Richmond(Va.) -- Intellectual life -- 20th\n         century.","Suffrage.","Women artists -- Virginia.","Women -- Family relationships.","Women in politics -- Virginia.","Women -- Suffrage."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art and state -- Virginia.","Art -- Study and teaching.","Clark,Adele, 1882-1983.","Clark, Estelle Goodman, 1847-1937.","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia.","Federal art Project (Va.)","Houston, Nora, 1883-1942.","Ions, Willoughby, 1881-1977.","League of Women Voters of Virginia.","Mothers and daughters.","Richmond(Va.) -- Intellectual life -- 20th\n         century.","Suffrage.","Women artists -- Virginia.","Women -- Family relationships.","Women in politics -- Virginia.","Women -- Suffrage."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["900 (ca.) items. (2 archival and 1\n         oversize box)."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Adele Clark are arranged into seven series by\n         individual and further subdivided by subject or material\n         type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers of Adele Clark are arranged into seven series by\n         individual and further subdivided by subject or material\n         type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Clark was a major figure in Richmond's art scene and\n         political life for nearly three-quarters of a century. Born in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent her childhood in New Orleans, La.,\n         before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years later she\n         graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellen School (now\n         St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer for the\n         chamber of commerce, Miss Clark studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Miss Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York, where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Adele Clark was a major figure in Richmond's art scene and\n         political life for nearly three-quarters of a century. Born in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent her childhood in New Orleans, La.,\n         before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years later she\n         graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellen School (now\n         St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer for the\n         chamber of commerce, Miss Clark studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Miss Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York, where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Clark Papers, 1855-1976 (Mss1 C5472 a FA2),\n            Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Clark Papers, 1855-1976 (Mss1 C5472 a FA2),\n            Virginia Historical Society, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection begins with the papers of Robert Clark\n         (1832?-1906) and his wife, Estelle (Goodman) Clark\n         (1847-1937). His papers consist of three letters written by a\n         brother Tom Clark and miscellany; hers include correspondence,\n         accounts, and miscellany. A folder of her general\n         correspondence precedes individual folders of letters with her\n         three daughters, Adele Clark, Edith (Clark) Cowles, and\n         Gertrude (Clark) Dew, as well as one containing two letters\n         from President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Accounts and letters\n         concerning the deaths of two family members follow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence of Edith (Clark) Cowles includes letters\n         with her sister, Adele Clark, and illustrator Dugald Stewart\n         Walker. Adele Clark (1882-1983) was a major figure in\n         Richmond's art society and political life for nearly\n         three-quarters of a century. Born Adele Goodman Clark in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent most of her childhood in New\n         Orleans, La., before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years\n         later Clark graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellett\n         School (now St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer\n         for the chamber of commerce she studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Adele Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdele Clark's papers reflect her varied careers and\n         avocations, yet mostly pertain to her personal life and art\n         activities. Major collections of her papers documenting her\n         work with the Equal Suffrage League, the Virginia League of\n         Women Voters, and the U.S. Work Projects Administration have\n         been given to the Virginia State Library, the University of\n         Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, and other\n         institutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdele Clark's papers begin with a section of general\n         correspondence, which consists of letters with family members,\n         artists, politicians, and suffragists. Among the more\n         prominent are: Ella Graham Agnew, Edmund Minor Archer, Harry\n         Flood Byrd (1887-1966), Colgate Whitehead Darden, Marion\n         Montague Junkin, Elizabeth Dabney (Langhorne) Lewis, Theresa\n         Pollak, and Roberta Wellford. Separate folders contain\n         correspondence with Richmond artist Nora Houston and artist\n         and designer Willoughby Ions, Adele Clark's first cousin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccounts precede financial records, which include materials\n         concerning \"Swannanoa,\" the summer home of James Henry Dooley,\n         uncle of Nora Houston. Adele Clark was helping the Dooley\n         family dispose of this property after the death of Sallie\n         (May) Dooley in 1925. A few items documenting Adele Clark's\n         brief tenure as acting dean of women at the College of William\n         and Mary precede materials concerning her uncle, Edward Samuel\n         Goodman, who died in 1931. These include inquiries concerning\n         his health, sympathy letters and trust information. Sympathy\n         letters concerning the death of Nora Houston, recipes,\n         miscellaneous newspaper clippings and personal miscellany\n         conclude this section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials pertaining to Adele Clark's art career and\n         political activities are located in box 2. These begin with a\n         folder of general art correspondence, arranged alphabetically,\n         which mostly consists of portrait requests, commissions,\n         inquiries, and letters with miscellaneous art institutions.\n         Clark was treasurer and member of the board of directors of\n         the Richmond Art Club as well as a student and instructor\n         there. A minute book, loose minutes, correspondence, loose\n         clippings and a scrapbook of clippings, located with oversized\n         materials in box 3, document her affiliation with the club. An\n         unsigned appeal from James H. Dooley, the club's president, is\n         found among the loose minutes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1919, Adele Clark and Nora Houston, with whom she shared\n         a studio, founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and\n         Handicrafts in an attempt to revive the Chevalier Quesnay de\n         Beaurepaire's Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. This soon\n         became the Virginia League of Fine Arts, which merged with the\n         Richmond Academy of Arts in 1931. This collection contains a\n         copy of the league's constitution, amendments and reports as\n         well as a few items of correspondence. Minutes of the board of\n         trustees of the Richmond Academy of Arts document the merger\n         and the two years following. Lecture notes and student papers\n         from the College of William and Mary extension in Richmond\n         (Richmond Professional Institute) precede WPA materials. The\n         latter mainly consists of letters with Campbell Bascom Slemp\n         about the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap, but also\n         include a scrapbook, located in box 3, and the transcript of a\n         1963 interview.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1941 to 1964, Adele Clark served on the State Art\n         Commission, an organization she helped establish in 1916.\n         Materials, primarily reports and minutes, span her entire\n         affiliation with the commission, but mostly pertain to her\n         last three years of service. Materials of the Virginia Society\n         for Crippled Children and Adults include correspondence,\n         reports and notes on patients and demonstrate Clark's interest\n         in using art in rehabilitation. In 1947, a portrait gallery of\n         state police officers who died in the line of duty was\n         established at state police headquarters in Chesterfield\n         County. Adele Clark was commissioned to paint one of these\n         portraits. Materials concerning the dedication include\n         clippings and a program that contains biographical sketches of\n         artists and subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1956, the Richmond Artists Association was founded to\n         encourage local appreciation and patronage of contemporary\n         art. Among these materials are copies of the constitution,\n         by-laws, rosters, and a directory. Materials concerning the\n         dedication of the Nora Houston Gallery at St. Paul's School in\n         1972 follow. A copy of the dedication address by Edmund Minor\n         Archer recounts Nora Houston's contributions to Richmond art.\n         Notes and articles, invitations, announcements and exhibition\n         information, a visitor's roster to a 1946 exhibition, two\n         sketchbooks and loose sketches, and miscellany conclude this\n         section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe rest of Adele Clark's papers concern her role as a\n         political activist. These materials are relatively few in\n         number and often individual folders contain only several items\n         that span a large date range. For example, the first folder in\n         this section contains materials concerning women's rights\n         (excluding the League of Women Voters) from 1912 to 1976. This\n         material includes correspondence, clippings, notes, and\n         miscellany concerning various women's issues from suffrage to\n         the Equal Rights Amendment. As previously mentioned Adele\n         Clark's Equal Suffrage League and Virginia League of Women\n         Voters papers were given to another institution. An index to\n         those papers donated to the James Branch Cabell Library at\n         Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond follows folders\n         on the Richmond and Virginia Leagues. In 1923, the Virginia\n         League of Women Voters established the Virginia Women's\n         Council of Legislative Chairmen of State Organizations to\n         coordinate lobbying efforts among like-minded organizations.\n         In the mid-1950's this became the Virginia Council on State\n         Legislation. Materials concerning these organizations mainly\n         include bulletins and reports. In 1921, Governor E. Lee\n         Trinkle appointed Adele Clark to the Commission on\n         Simplification of state Government. A few items of\n         correspondence, reports and bulletins, mostly from budget\n         director LeRoy Hodges, document the commission's work.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials that pertain to Prohibition and the National\n         recovery Administration consist almost entirely of newspaper\n         clippings. Minutes and resolutions from a meeting on economic\n         security held in Richmond on March 7, 1935, with Secretary of\n         Labor Frances Perkins precede miscellaneous information\n         concerning a variety of labor and racial issues. A transcript\n         of an interview (ca. 1920) with an ex-slave from Maryland is\n         found with this material. A folder of political miscellany and\n         one concerning Adele Clark's activities on behalf of the\n         Diocesan Council of Catholic Women conclude Adele Clark's\n         papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Adeline Harmon (Cowles) Cox (1907- ) and\n         miscellaneous family items are located at the end of box\n         2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1855; miscellany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral correspondence, 1903-1936; correspondence\n               with daughters, 1906-1929; correspondence with Franklin\n               Delano Roosevelt, 1933, 1937; accounts, 1928-1930,\n               1935-1937;\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, 1917-1938\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1933-1941, 1960-1961\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiscellany.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and miscellany\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdele Clark: Art Club scrapbook, 1907-1917; WPA\n               scrapbook, 1940; certificates and posters.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection begins with the papers of Robert Clark\n         (1832?-1906) and his wife, Estelle (Goodman) Clark\n         (1847-1937). His papers consist of three letters written by a\n         brother Tom Clark and miscellany; hers include correspondence,\n         accounts, and miscellany. A folder of her general\n         correspondence precedes individual folders of letters with her\n         three daughters, Adele Clark, Edith (Clark) Cowles, and\n         Gertrude (Clark) Dew, as well as one containing two letters\n         from President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Accounts and letters\n         concerning the deaths of two family members follow.","Correspondence of Edith (Clark) Cowles includes letters\n         with her sister, Adele Clark, and illustrator Dugald Stewart\n         Walker. Adele Clark (1882-1983) was a major figure in\n         Richmond's art society and political life for nearly\n         three-quarters of a century. Born Adele Goodman Clark in\n         Montgomery, Ala., she spent most of her childhood in New\n         Orleans, La., before moving to Richmond in 1894. Seven years\n         later Clark graduated from the Miss Virginia Randolph Ellett\n         School (now St. Catherine's). While working as a stenographer\n         for the chamber of commerce she studied art with Lily Logan at\n         the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906, Adele Clark received a\n         scholarship to the Chase School of Art in New York where she\n         studied under Robert Henri and Kenneth Hays Miller. Shortly\n         after her return to Richmond to teach at the Art Club, she\n         became involved in the women's suffrage movement","Adele Clark's papers reflect her varied careers and\n         avocations, yet mostly pertain to her personal life and art\n         activities. Major collections of her papers documenting her\n         work with the Equal Suffrage League, the Virginia League of\n         Women Voters, and the U.S. Work Projects Administration have\n         been given to the Virginia State Library, the University of\n         Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, and other\n         institutions.","Adele Clark's papers begin with a section of general\n         correspondence, which consists of letters with family members,\n         artists, politicians, and suffragists. Among the more\n         prominent are: Ella Graham Agnew, Edmund Minor Archer, Harry\n         Flood Byrd (1887-1966), Colgate Whitehead Darden, Marion\n         Montague Junkin, Elizabeth Dabney (Langhorne) Lewis, Theresa\n         Pollak, and Roberta Wellford. Separate folders contain\n         correspondence with Richmond artist Nora Houston and artist\n         and designer Willoughby Ions, Adele Clark's first cousin.","Accounts precede financial records, which include materials\n         concerning \"Swannanoa,\" the summer home of James Henry Dooley,\n         uncle of Nora Houston. Adele Clark was helping the Dooley\n         family dispose of this property after the death of Sallie\n         (May) Dooley in 1925. A few items documenting Adele Clark's\n         brief tenure as acting dean of women at the College of William\n         and Mary precede materials concerning her uncle, Edward Samuel\n         Goodman, who died in 1931. These include inquiries concerning\n         his health, sympathy letters and trust information. Sympathy\n         letters concerning the death of Nora Houston, recipes,\n         miscellaneous newspaper clippings and personal miscellany\n         conclude this section.","Materials pertaining to Adele Clark's art career and\n         political activities are located in box 2. These begin with a\n         folder of general art correspondence, arranged alphabetically,\n         which mostly consists of portrait requests, commissions,\n         inquiries, and letters with miscellaneous art institutions.\n         Clark was treasurer and member of the board of directors of\n         the Richmond Art Club as well as a student and instructor\n         there. A minute book, loose minutes, correspondence, loose\n         clippings and a scrapbook of clippings, located with oversized\n         materials in box 3, document her affiliation with the club. An\n         unsigned appeal from James H. Dooley, the club's president, is\n         found among the loose minutes.","In 1919, Adele Clark and Nora Houston, with whom she shared\n         a studio, founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and\n         Handicrafts in an attempt to revive the Chevalier Quesnay de\n         Beaurepaire's Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. This soon\n         became the Virginia League of Fine Arts, which merged with the\n         Richmond Academy of Arts in 1931. This collection contains a\n         copy of the league's constitution, amendments and reports as\n         well as a few items of correspondence. Minutes of the board of\n         trustees of the Richmond Academy of Arts document the merger\n         and the two years following. Lecture notes and student papers\n         from the College of William and Mary extension in Richmond\n         (Richmond Professional Institute) precede WPA materials. The\n         latter mainly consists of letters with Campbell Bascom Slemp\n         about the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap, but also\n         include a scrapbook, located in box 3, and the transcript of a\n         1963 interview.","From 1941 to 1964, Adele Clark served on the State Art\n         Commission, an organization she helped establish in 1916.\n         Materials, primarily reports and minutes, span her entire\n         affiliation with the commission, but mostly pertain to her\n         last three years of service. Materials of the Virginia Society\n         for Crippled Children and Adults include correspondence,\n         reports and notes on patients and demonstrate Clark's interest\n         in using art in rehabilitation. In 1947, a portrait gallery of\n         state police officers who died in the line of duty was\n         established at state police headquarters in Chesterfield\n         County. Adele Clark was commissioned to paint one of these\n         portraits. Materials concerning the dedication include\n         clippings and a program that contains biographical sketches of\n         artists and subjects.","In 1956, the Richmond Artists Association was founded to\n         encourage local appreciation and patronage of contemporary\n         art. Among these materials are copies of the constitution,\n         by-laws, rosters, and a directory. Materials concerning the\n         dedication of the Nora Houston Gallery at St. Paul's School in\n         1972 follow. A copy of the dedication address by Edmund Minor\n         Archer recounts Nora Houston's contributions to Richmond art.\n         Notes and articles, invitations, announcements and exhibition\n         information, a visitor's roster to a 1946 exhibition, two\n         sketchbooks and loose sketches, and miscellany conclude this\n         section.","The rest of Adele Clark's papers concern her role as a\n         political activist. These materials are relatively few in\n         number and often individual folders contain only several items\n         that span a large date range. For example, the first folder in\n         this section contains materials concerning women's rights\n         (excluding the League of Women Voters) from 1912 to 1976. This\n         material includes correspondence, clippings, notes, and\n         miscellany concerning various women's issues from suffrage to\n         the Equal Rights Amendment. As previously mentioned Adele\n         Clark's Equal Suffrage League and Virginia League of Women\n         Voters papers were given to another institution. An index to\n         those papers donated to the James Branch Cabell Library at\n         Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond follows folders\n         on the Richmond and Virginia Leagues. In 1923, the Virginia\n         League of Women Voters established the Virginia Women's\n         Council of Legislative Chairmen of State Organizations to\n         coordinate lobbying efforts among like-minded organizations.\n         In the mid-1950's this became the Virginia Council on State\n         Legislation. Materials concerning these organizations mainly\n         include bulletins and reports. In 1921, Governor E. Lee\n         Trinkle appointed Adele Clark to the Commission on\n         Simplification of state Government. A few items of\n         correspondence, reports and bulletins, mostly from budget\n         director LeRoy Hodges, document the commission's work.","Materials that pertain to Prohibition and the National\n         recovery Administration consist almost entirely of newspaper\n         clippings. Minutes and resolutions from a meeting on economic\n         security held in Richmond on March 7, 1935, with Secretary of\n         Labor Frances Perkins precede miscellaneous information\n         concerning a variety of labor and racial issues. A transcript\n         of an interview (ca. 1920) with an ex-slave from Maryland is\n         found with this material. A folder of political miscellany and\n         one concerning Adele Clark's activities on behalf of the\n         Diocesan Council of Catholic Women conclude Adele Clark's\n         papers.","The papers of Adeline Harmon (Cowles) Cox (1907- ) and\n         miscellaneous family items are located at the end of box\n         2.","Correspondence, 1855; miscellany.","General correspondence, 1903-1936; correspondence\n               with daughters, 1906-1929; correspondence with Franklin\n               Delano Roosevelt, 1933, 1937; accounts, 1928-1930,\n               1935-1937;","Correspondence, 1917-1938","1933-1941, 1960-1961","Miscellany.","Correspondence and miscellany","Adele Clark: Art Club scrapbook, 1907-1917; WPA\n               scrapbook, 1940; certificates and posters."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eInclude scattered business and\n         personal correspondence, ca. 1916-1950, as well as newspaper\n         clippings, organizational minutes, notes and other published\n         and manuscript materials pertaining to a wide array of Clark's\n         political and artistic interests. Among the organizations with\n         which Miss Clark worked were the Equal Suffrage League of\n         Virginia, the League of Women Voters of Virginia, and the\n         Federal Art Project in Virginia. Correspondence, 1916-1940 and\n         1926-1939, with Nora Houston (1883-1942) and Willoughby Ions\n         (1881-1977) illuminates the relationship between women's\n         personal and professional networks and their political\n         activities. The correspondence, 1906-1929, of Clark's mother,\n         Estelle (Goodman) Clark (1847-1893) with her three daughters\n         offers insights into relationships between mothers and their\n         adult children. The collection also contains information on\n         teaching art history in a variety of contexts, on women's\n         suffrage and women's rights, and on other civic and political\n         activities.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Include scattered business and\n         personal correspondence, ca. 1916-1950, as well as newspaper\n         clippings, organizational minutes, notes and other published\n         and manuscript materials pertaining to a wide array of Clark's\n         political and artistic interests. Among the organizations with\n         which Miss Clark worked were the Equal Suffrage League of\n         Virginia, the League of Women Voters of Virginia, and the\n         Federal Art Project in Virginia. Correspondence, 1916-1940 and\n         1926-1939, with Nora Houston (1883-1942) and Willoughby Ions\n         (1881-1977) illuminates the relationship between women's\n         personal and professional networks and their political\n         activities. The correspondence, 1906-1929, of Clark's mother,\n         Estelle (Goodman) Clark (1847-1893) with her three daughters\n         offers insights into relationships between mothers and their\n         adult children. The collection also contains information on\n         teaching art history in a variety of contexts, on women's\n         suffrage and women's rights, and on other civic and political\n         activities."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":45,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:52:57.653Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihi_vih00010"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Adele Goodman Clark papers","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clark, Adele Goodman, papers","title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"text":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279","Adele Goodman Clark papers","Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)","A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","Teacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School","Chairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL","Chairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York","The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.","Relationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"","Relationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.","Relationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.","Relationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.","Relationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"","Relationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.","Relationship: Sister of Robert Ions.","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.","Relationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.","Relationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.","Relationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.","[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]","[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]","Includes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.","Two labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026 Wright Architects \u0026 Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"","Various institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.","Entitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"","Capitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.","Depicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).","Suffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.","All with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.","Large flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.","(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a  Richmond News-Leader,  Suffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.","Majority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.","Two different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creators_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["128 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["128 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","Teacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School","Chairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL","Chairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilloughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSignificant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Robert Ions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026amp; Wright Architects \u0026amp; Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEntitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCapitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDepicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond News-Leader, \u003c/title\u003eSuffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch, \u003c/title\u003e November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch, \u003c/title\u003e January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.","Relationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"","Relationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.","Relationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.","Relationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.","Relationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"","Relationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.","Relationship: Sister of Robert Ions.","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.","Relationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.","Relationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.","Relationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.","[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]","[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]","Includes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.","Two labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026 Wright Architects \u0026 Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"","Various institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.","Entitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"","Capitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.","Depicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).","Suffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.","All with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.","Large flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.","(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a  Richmond News-Leader,  Suffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.","Majority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.","Two different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3079,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:37:44.566Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_279","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_279.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Clark, Adele Goodman, papers","title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"text":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279","Adele Goodman Clark papers","Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Collection is open to research.","Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)","A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","Teacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School","Chairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL","Chairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York","The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.","Relationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"","Relationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.","Relationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.","Relationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.","Relationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"","Relationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.","Relationship: Sister of Robert Ions.","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.","Relationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.","Relationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.","Relationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.","[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]","[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]","Includes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.","Two labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026 Wright Architects \u0026 Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"","Various institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.","Entitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"","Capitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.","Depicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).","Suffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.","All with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.","Large flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.","(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a  Richmond News-Leader,  Suffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.","Majority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.","Two different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives","English"],"unitid_tesim":["M 9","/repositories/5/resources/279"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"collection_ssim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"creators_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Suffrage -- Virginia -- Richmond","Art -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["128 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["128 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I--Correspondence and Family Materials (n.d., 1849-1971) ; Series II--Business/Civic Organization Correspondence (n.d., 1903-1971) ; Series III--Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV) (n.d., 1892-1926) ; Series IV: Richmond League of Women Voters (n.d., 1920- 1978) ; Series V--Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) (n.d., 1915-1967) ; Series VI--The League of Women Voters of Virginia (n.d., 1945-1970) ; Series VII--The National League of Women Voters (n.d., 1919-1947) ; Series VIII--League of Women Voters (n.d., 1946-1976) ; Series IX--Commission on Simplification of State and Local Government (n.d., 1921- 1927) ; Series X--Liberal Arts College for Women Commission (n.d., 1918-1938) ; Series XI--National Reemployment Service (n.d., 1925-1938) ; Series XII--Lila Meade Valentine memorial Association (n.d., 1921-1936) ; Series XIII--Religious Materials ; Series XIV--Art (n.d., 1850-1971) ; Series XV--Ephemera and Photographs (n.d., ca. 1850 - ca. 1970)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSelected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAdèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTeacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A founding member of the Virginia suffrage movement and a prominent supporter of the arts in Virginia, Adèle Goodman Clark (1882-1983) exemplified the influential role civically active women played in the major social reform movements of the twentieth century. Calling politics and art her \"creative spirits\", Clark was involved in a number of reform initiatives throughout her century of life that championed the rights of women and promoted the arts.","The second oldest daughter of Robert Clark (1832?-1906) and Estelle Goodman Clark (1847-1937), Adèle was born in Montgomery, Alabama on September 27, 1882. Before moving permanently to Richmond, the Clark family lived in New Orleans, LA, as well as the small town of Pass Christian, MS. It was in a one room school house in the latter town that Adèle developed a fondness for the arts. After her family moved to Richmond in 1894, Adèle enrolled in the Virginia Randolph Ellett School (now St. Catherine's). Adèle also studied art with Lilly M. Logan, who ran the art school at the Art Club of Richmond. In 1906 she was awarded a scholarship to the New York School of Fine and Applied Arts (the Chase School of Art), where she studied under Kenneth Hays Miller, Douglas Cannal, William M. Chase, and Robert Henri, leader of the \"Ash Can\" school of painting. Upon her return to Richmond, Clark began a teaching career at the Art Club of Richmond. It was here that Adèle began her long association and friendship with acclaimed Virginia artist, Nora Houston. When the Art Club of Richmond was dissolved in 1917, the women went on to establish The Atelier. Under their direction this private art studio, located adjacent to Clark's Chamberlayne Avenue residence, became a training ground for such noted Virginia artists as Edmund Archer, Eleanor Fry and Theresa Pollack (founder of the VCU School of the Arts). Two years later they founded the Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, where they both held the title of artistic director. During this period, they participated in a fundraising campaign for the resurrection of the old Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts. Their goal became a reality in 1930 when the new Richmond Academy of Arts, forerunner to the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, was established on Capitol Street.*","Clark's interest in the suffrage movement began in 1909 when she was asked by novelist Ellen Glasgow to sign a petition calling for Virginia women to gain voting privileges. On November 27th of that year Clark, along with eighteen other civic-minded women, held a preliminary meeting to discuss the establishment of a state-wide suffrage organization. At this first meeting of what would become the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia, Clark was elected secretary, a position she held for one year. She later helped direct legislative initiatives, organized suffrage rallies and went on speaking tours that helped establish new League chapters throughout the state. Clark also served for several years as chair of the ratification committee and head of the Equal Suffrage League lobby to the Virginia General Assembly.","After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920 (which was ratified by Virginia in 1952), the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia was transformed into the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV). For nearly two decades Clark played a major role in the VLWV.","Selected as the VLWV's first chair in 1920, Clark became president one year later. She held this position for eighteen years (nonconsecutively). Her work in the VLWV involved constant study of legislation involving social issues and governmental efficiency and administration. In 1924, Clark was elected to the board of the National League of Women Voters (NLWV) as Director of the Third Region. The region included Washington, D.C., Virginia, and six other southern states. The following year she was elected Second Vice President of the NLWV, in which capacity she served until the Spring of 1928. During that period Clark traveled to conventions in twenty-four states on speaking tours. Along with other officers of the NLWV she helped resolve league organizational problems.","In addition to her work for the VLWV and NLWV, Clark also served on two important state government commissions. In 1922, Governor E. Lee Trinkle appointed her to the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government, on which she served for two years as secretary of the Commission. In addition to performing the editorial and clerical work of the Commission, Clark also authored several of the chapters of the Commission's final report (January 1924) to the Virginia General Assembly. Four years later, Governor Harry F. Byrd, Jr. appointed Clark to the Liberal Arts College for Women Commission, on which she also served as secretary. The nine member Commission studied the feasibility of establishing a new liberal arts college for women in Virginia. The second report of the Commission (January 1930), which contained the \"set-up\" of the proposed college [now Mary Washington College?], was the product of research conducted by Clark with the assistance of Commission advisors.","Clark's strong commitment to higher education was exemplified in several other ways. From March - September, 1926, she served as the Social Director of women students at the College of William and Mary. She was also instrumental in the establishment of citizenship courses for women through the University of Virginia's Extension Division. The courses were designed to educate women about the intricacies of governmental institutions.","During the New Deal era, Clark distinguished herself in two important agencies. In 1933, she was selected as a field supervisor for the National Reemployment Service (NRS). Along with the state reemployment director and other field staff, she assisted in the organization of local reemployment offices throughout Virginia. After stepping down as field supervisor for the NRS, Clark became the Virginia Arts Project Director of the Work Projects Administration (WPA). This particular branch of the WPA was created to provide employment opportunities for artists in Virginia. In addition to producing murals for public buildings, artists employed by the WPA executed hundreds of paintings that were then distributed to local and state tax-supported institutions for display. One major accomplishment during Clark's tenure at the WPA was the establishment of new art galleries, such as the Southwest Virginia Museum at Big Stone Gap.","In the later years of her life, Adèle Clark remained active in the Richmond community. After converting to Roman Catholicism in 1942, Clark utilized her political experience as a member of the Richmond Diocesan Council of Catholic Women (RDCCW). From 1949 to 1959 she served as the chair of the RDCCW's Legislative Committee. Clark also continued to speak out against a number of issues affecting women, such as the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment and abortion.","Clark remained an active supporter of the Richmond art community. From 1941 to 1964 she was a member of the Virginia Arts Commission. The Commission helped to produce many of the murals and portraits displayed in state government buildings that depict the history of Virginia. Moreover, Clark's dedication to the teaching of art did not wane in these later years. She taught art to both the young and old in hospitals, schools and church classrooms. She also continued to enjoy creating her own artworks. Clark's paintings, mostly portraits and landscapes, have been exhibited in several states. One of her paintings, \"The Cherry Tree\", is in the permanent collection of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts.","Clark had a unique perspective on the influence of art on her political ideology. She once stated, \"I've always tried to combine my interest in art with my interest in government. I think we ought to have more of the creative and imaginative in politics.\"","Adèle Clark died at the age of 100 on June 5, 1983.","[Information from newspaper accounts and the Adèle Goodman Clark Papers.]","Teacher of Organization and Parliamentary Law at Suffrage School","Chairman, Committee on Uniform Laws Concerning Women, Chicago, ILL","Chairman of the Committee on International Cooperation to Prevent War, of the NLWV, Miss Morgan was also President of the Colony Club of New York"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Adele Goodman Clark papers, Collection # M 9, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilloughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWhile the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDocumentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSignificant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Robert Ions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026amp; Wright Architects \u0026amp; Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVarious institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEntitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCapitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDepicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAll with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLarge flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond News-Leader, \u003c/title\u003eSuffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch, \u003c/title\u003e November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch, \u003c/title\u003e January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Adèle Goodman Clark papers document the life and activities of Miss Clark (1882-1983) throughout her adult life, as well as those of her closest friends and relatives. Miss Clark was a member of a small group of civically active Richmond women whose names appear throughout the collection. Of particular note are members of Clark's family, Edith Clark Cowles, Willoughby Ions, and friends Roberta Wellford, Lila Meade Valentine, Lucy Randolph Mason, Ida Mae Thompson, Eudora W. Ramsay Richardson, Nora Houston and Josephine Houston. A list and chart describing the family relationships follows the Series Description and Arrangement, which specifically details the arrangement of the collection and highlights areas of particular significance within each series.","The collection is comprised of five major components, each with its own depth of coverage, usually dependent upon the length of Clark's involvement. The first major component of the collection contains materials pertaining to the Clark and Houston families with their multiple activities, responsibilities and affiliations. The documents in this section include the personal correspondence of Adèle Clark, Nora Houston, and members of both the Clark and Houston families. Correspondence from Estelle Goodman Clark, Cely \"Nainaine\" Ions, and Estelle Adèle Goodman","Willoughby Ions provide a richly detailed account of the more significant events within the Clark-Ions family. Also included is personal, business, and legal correspondence between members of the Goodman family, predating the Civil War, and personal correspondence to Clark and Nora Houston from close friends and associates such as Cornelia Adair, T. Bowyer Campbell, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon and Roberta Wellford. Additional family information is provided by legal and real estate correspondence, biographical sketches, family and genealogical histories, composition books, diaries, journals, and poetry by various members of the Clark and Houston families. Some items of significance include handwritten memoranda and notes, poems, short stories and other fictional material written by Adèle Clark during her lifetime. The Virginia Historical Society holds additional Clark family materials (see Appendices).","The collection also includes correspondence from businesses and civic organizations with which Clark, Edith Clark Cowles, and the Dooley/Houston family were affiliated during their lifetimes. A list of the more significant organizations includes the Virginia Society for Crippled Children and Handicapped Adults, Commission of Inter-Racial (or Interracial) Cooperation, Woodrow Wilson Foundation, National Consumers League, and Social Science Research Council-Committee on Public Administration. There is also correspondence from prominent local and state government officials that further document the political activities and biases of these women. Brochures, memoranda and publications from these organizations are scattered throughout the collection.","While the family correspondence provides information about Clark's early years, the greatest significance of the collection lies in its documentation of the activities of the suffrage movement, both locally and nationally. The collection is particularly strong in its representation of correspondence, reports, memoranda and publications reflecting the sentiments and political positions of both the pro- and anti- suffrage movement from 1913 until the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920. A large portion of this segment also documents the actions of the post-suffragists in their work through the national, state and local chapters of the League of Women Voters (LWV). Clark's considerable role of participation in the Virginia League of Women Voters (VLWV) in the first two decades of the organization provides an abundant amount of material chronicling the many social and political issues in which local and national LWV members were engaged. Although the documentation of the activities of the LWV continues well into the 1970s, the collection is not as strong for the later years as it is for the earlier period.","The suffrage materials, the second and largest component in the collection, are composed of documentation of the Equal Suffrage League of Virginia (ESLV), Richmond League of Women Voters, the VLWV, and the reorganized League of Women Voters of Virginia (LWVV). The ESLV materials includes correspondence, committee and financial memoranda, convention material, notes, reports and miscellaneous literature. There is a large quantity of outgoing correspondence created by the corresponding secretaries of the ESLV which pertains to the efforts of organizing local suffrage chapters throughout the state and between officers of the ESLV, state and national government officials. Also included is correspondence between ESLV President, Lila Meade Valentine, and women of significance within the suffrage movement including Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Maud Wood Park and Kate Gordon. While there is a substantial amount of correspondence generated by the central office of the ESLV, between 1909-1912 there are some major gaps. A portion of this documentation for the early history of the ESLV can be found at the Library of Virginia (see Appendices). Throughout its eleven year existence, the ESLV compiled an enormous amount of literature on the suffrage movement published by the National American Women Suffrage Association (NAWSA), and other organizations. Materials generated by the movement and represented in this portion of the collection include petitions, photographs, enrollment cards, posters, suffrage maps, sashes and other ephemeral items. Additional publications have not been indexed but are available for research.","The bulk of the materials of the remaining suffrage organizations represented in the collection fall within a fourteen year time frame, 1920-1934, and includes President/Executive Secretary correspondence, bulletins, circulars, committee memoranda, and financial statements as well as records relating to the Virginia Cookery Book, the Governor's Ball and the citizenship courses sponsored by the VLWV. Clark also corresponded with the President of the NLWV and other officers in the national organization. The significant correspondents include Maud Wood Park, Belle Sherwin, Katherine Ludington, and Gertrude Ely. Incoming correspondence from prominent Virginia women such as Faith Morgan, Roberta Wellford, Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon, Kate Waller Barrett, Mrs. John L. Lewis of Lynchburg, Mrs. John H. Lewis of Ashland, and Mrs C.E. [Jessie] Townsend of Norfolk can be found in both the President/Executive Correspondence files and the Board of Directors/Executive Committee/Standing Committees file of the VLWV.","The records of the VLWV document in great detail the legislative agenda over a fourteen year period. The VLWV materials contain correspondence, circulars, memoranda questionnaires and reports pertaining to the Children's Code Commission, Virginia Women's Council Legislative Chairman of State Organizations and other major committees of the VLWV; revealing which major pieces of legislation were of utmost concern to Clark and the VLWV. Like its predecessor, the VLWV collected a wide variety of literature from state, national and international organizations which championed a spectrum of causes of interest to Clark and her associates. These organizations include the League of Nations Association, National Council for the Prevention of War, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and Southern Council of Women and Children in Industry.","Documentation of the NLWV (1920-1945) and the later reorganized League of Woman Voters of Virginia (1946-presents) includes correspondence and memoranda produced by Clark as Second Vice President in charge of Legislation and Law Enforcement and Third Regional Director for the NLWV. In addition to correspondence, memoranda, minutes, notes and reports there are materials detailing her involvement in nationally sponsored speaking tours throughout several regions of the United States. Items from the national office consist of mimeographed Adèle Goodman Clark correspondence and memoranda, reports, press releases and various publications created by the major standing committees and departments of the NLWV. Clark's activity in both the state and national leagues diminished to a great extent after 1934. Records of the latter local, state and national organizations primarily consists of bulletins, newsletters, and other literature published and distributed by the organizations.","Clark was very involved in the commemoration of the contributions of Lila Meade Valentine to the suffrage movement. The collection contains the organizational records of the Lila Meade Valentine Memorial Association (1921-1937), which was established to raise money for a memorial tablet dedicated to Mrs. Valentine to be placed in the Capitol Building in Richmond. Much of the material consists of correspondence and memoranda between the association's chairperson, Adèle Clark and the individuals who contributed to the memorial fund. There is also correspondence between Clark and the sculptor chosen to produce the memorial tablet. Other material includes financial data, contributors lists, minutes, notes and reports documenting the association's fundraising activities.","The collection of materials related to state and national politics comprises the third major section of the Clark Papers. These materials include correspondence, memoranda, minutes, reports, statistical data, and literature generated by or related to the work of the Commission on the Simplification of State and Local Government (1921-1927) and the Liberal Arts College Commission (1918, 1929-1933). Material pertaining to both of these government commissions highlight the research and information gathering work undertaken by Clark and the members of these commissions before presentation of the final reports to the Virginia General Assembly. The collection also contains the annotated drafts and proofs of the reports in various stages of development. Correspondence, notes, reports and travel vouchers highlight Clark's duties as a NRS Field Supervisor and her involvement with the National Reemployment Service (1925-1937). Correspondence between Clark and the State Reemployment Director reveal the types of reemployment projects in which the NRS was actively engaged throughout the state. In addition, correspondence between Clark and other field staff demonstrate the extent to which Clark participated in managing local reemployment offices during her tenure with the NRS. Published reports, speeches, manuals, newspaper clippings and other ephemeral materials are also included.","The fourth area of interest of Adèle's, as reflected in the collection, was religion. Included here are the organizational records and personal items documenting the religious activities of Clark, Nora Houston, and several members of the Houston family. It should be noted that Clark was baptized and confirmed in the Episcopal Church and later became a devout Roman Catholic after Nora Houston's death in 1942. Included is correspondence between both women and various religious organizations, church leaflets, pamphlets and prayerbooks, periodicals and other items of a religious nature. Some of the organizations with which Clark and Houston corresponded include the Catholic Woman's Club, National Council of Catholic Women, National Conference on Christians and Jews, and Catholic Daughters of America. Beth Ahabah Museum and Archives holds other materials of a religious nature relating to the Goodman family.","The final component of the collection, second in size only to that of the suffrage and voting rights material, is that of art, particularly art in Virginia. An artist by training, Adèle Clark worked ceaselessly for increased public awareness of the traditions and richness of art within the Commonwealth. To this end, the collection documents the contributions of Clark and her colleagues in the following endeavors: the Art Club of Richmond, Atelier, Virginia League of Fine Arts and Handicrafts, Richmond Academy of Arts, Virginia Arts Commission, and Works Project Administration-Federal Arts Project. In addition to containing the correspondence relating to the operations of these organizations, the records also contain memoranda, minutes and reports of committees, and materials on exhibitions sponsored by these organizations. Of particular significance are the records of the Academy Committee of the Art Club that document the committee's role in attempting to resurrect the arts academy. Materials relating to the WPA and the Virginia Arts Commission emphasize Clark's substantial role in making the public a more active player in the promotion of the arts. Clark's monthly and narrative reports on several WPA art galleries, as well as data on the Index of American Design, provide a detailed account of the variety of art projects the WPA underwrote in Virginia.","The collection also contains a range of art and art school publications, art supply advertisements, catalogs, exhibition bulletins and notices from local and national art institutions. A small number of drawings, sketches and miscellaneous artwork created by Adèle Clark, Nora Houston and other artists are also represented. Some of the more notable pieces include Clark's original lithograph \"Richmond Market at Christmas\", copies of Nora Houston's house sketches and artwork produced by children of various ages. Lastly there are numerous kinds of illustrations and reproductions that Clark and Houston utilized in their art classes.","Significant portions of the collection are in fragile condition, particularly newspaper clippings and photographs. Reference copies of the photographs are available for use. A large portion of the clippings have been photocopied and the process will continue as time and staff permit.","Special Collections has also purchased suffrage and related materials. Please ask a staffmember for information about these supporting items.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousins.","Relationship: Mother of Adèle Clark. Nicknames include \"Dree,\" \"Muzzie,\" and \"Pouncey.\"","Relationship: Father of Adèle Clarke.","Relationship: Father of Julius D. Cowles who was married to Adèle Clark's sister Edith.","Relationship: Older sister to Adèle Clarke, married to Julius \"Jules\" D. Cowles, her nicknames include \"Baby,\" \"Deetie,\" and \"Binn.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's neice, daughter of Edith and Julius Cowles, married to James Cox.","Relationship: Younger sister of Adèle Clarke, married to G. Frank Dew, her nicknames include \"Trudie,\" Trudee,\" and \"Teedee.\"","Relationship: Maternal uncle to Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clark.","Relationship: Cousin related to the Clarke family.","Relationship: Maternal aunt of Adèle Clarke and her godmother, married to Robert Ions. Also nicknamed \"Nainaine.\"","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, daughter of Cely and Robert Ions. She went by the name Willoughby.","Relationship: Sister of Robert Ions.","Relationship: Adèle Clarke's uncle, married to Cecile \"Cely\" Goodman Ions. Nicknames include \"Godpa\" and \"Berto.\"","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Adèle Clark's cousin.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: friend of Adèle, became a priest in the Episcopal Church.","Relationship: Estelle Goodman Clark's brother.","Relationship: Adèle's cousin, son of Cely and Robert Ions.","Relationship: Sister of Josephine Dooley Houston and Mary Dooley Jones.","Relationship: Cousin of Alice Dooley.","Relationship: Daughter of Josephine and Henry Houston.","Relationship: Sister of Alice Dooley and Josephine Dooley Houston.","[merged with the restored Academy in the spring of 1930]","[grew out of the Atelier and later merged with the Academy]","Includes children's art work, art club material, instructional material; Japanese print.","Two labeled \"Class Room Building--State Teacher's College, Farmville, Virginia--Frank F. Stone Architect, Roanoke, Virginia, July 10, 1944\"; a third blue print labeled \"Improvements to Employees Cottage as suggested by Art Commission, May 5, 1944\"; fourth labeled \"Temporary Employee Cottage, Division of the Budget, March 29, 1944\";drawing for inscription of building \"Julian H. Burruss Hall\" labeled \"Teaching and Admin. Building, Va. Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg, VA - Carneal, Johnston \u0026 Wright Architects \u0026 Engineers, Richmond, Virginia.\"","Various institutions to Benjamin Franklin Dew Jr., 1930s-1940s.","Entitled \"Proposed Store For Mr. S.W. Farran - Designed by W.R. Snapp, 1107 Penn St. N.E.\"","Capitol Area of Richmond, undated; Map of Richmond and Environs, Department of Public Works, 1923; Drawn map of Richmond's North Side.","Depicts status of women's suffrage (framed and fragile).","Suffrage era map - \"The Woman Voter and the next President of the United States\" - showing which states women can vote and which ones women cannot vote.","All with heading of the Virginia League of Woman Voters and labeled as follows: Congressional Districts Organized; Counties having some form of organization; Counties and cities holding citizenship schools; Virginia League of Women voters organized November 10, 1920; Number of Leagues organized; and one unlabeled.","Large flyer on which states have compulsory school attendance, 1921; map of Virginia by Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration; a chart compiled by Lucia R. Maxwell on International Socialism 1922-1923, showing various woman's organizations; poster of Anchor Line Twin Screw Geared Turbine Steamer named the \"California\"; Centennial Memorial of United States--Declaration of Independence, published by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad; Victory Liberty Loan poster; anti-war poster; poster of mechanized man and horse; Virginia Society for Human Life poster; League of Women Voters poster \"Vote\" (2 posters); sheet music: \"Votes for Women\" - Suffrage Rallying Song.","(includes items on women's suffrage; voting habits; a  Richmond News-Leader,  Suffrage Supplement, and an article on paintings at Richmond Woman's Club; an article by Adèle Clark; several pages of the  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   November 2, 1933 about the Community Fund; Atlanta Journal, June 12, 1919 article on U.S. Senate passing suffrage amendment; front page of  Richmond Times-Dispatch,   January 1, 1929, article on what Virginia leaders would like to see in 1929, includes article by Adèle Clark.","Majority of the photographs are from the Equal Suffrage League or Virginia League of Women Voters' events. All of these photographs have been reproduced and can be found elsewhere in Series XVII.","Two different posters on the prevention of war; a Department of the Interior, Bureau of Education poster entitled \"How and Why to Stand Correctly\" 1918; a draft version of a poster by the Equal Suffrage League with typewritten history of suffrage in Virginia and the printed finished copy."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","League of Women Voters of the Richmond Metropolitan Area (Va.) -- Archives","Equal Suffrage League of Virginia -- Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983","Clark, Adèle, 1882-1983 -- Archives"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3079,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T04:37:44.566Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_279"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_4_resources_1596","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ader, Pamela Bennett, 1943-. 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