{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University\u0026page=5","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University\u0026page=4","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University\u0026page=6","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University\u0026page=7"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":5,"next_page":6,"prev_page":4,"total_pages":7,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":40,"total_count":62,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00014","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Papers of Helen Estes Baker, \n         \n         1950-1967","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00014#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Helen Estes Baker","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00014#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The personal and business correspondence of Helen Estes Baker reflects her long career as a social activist committed to the betterment of human kind. 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Correspondence generated by Mrs. Baker\n         documenting her activities as a unionizer and social activist.\n         There are also two diaries.","Helen Estes Baker was born in Suffolk, Virginia on\n         September 6, 1906 to James and Mary Estes. She attended the\n         public schools and high school at the Nansemond Industrial\n         Institute. She entered the Virginia Normal and Industrial\n         Institute in 1923 and was graduated in 1927. Three years later\n         she earned a Masters degree in Education from Rhode Island\n         College. Thirty years later Mrs. Baker returned to school,\n         earning a law degree from the University of Maryland in 1962.\n         Helen Baker returned home to Suffolk to began her career in\n         education, teaching at Booker T. Washington High School.","In 1931 she joined the faculty at what was then the\n         Virginia State College for Negroes. 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She was\n         active in the Prince Edward County School conflict, 1960-1963.\n         In 1963, she organized the Metropolitan Washington Housing\n         Project.","She was married to Dr. Percy H. Baker, also a graduate of\n         Virginia State University, who was a biology professor at\n         Morgan State College.","Helen Estes Baker was a remarkable women. Unfortunately,\n         much of her work in improving the human condition is\n         undocumented. Fortunately, in this collection of papers many\n         of the activities which Mrs. Baker was affluented with are\n         present. Of particular interest was her work with the Prince\n         Edward County Free-School Association.","There are no restrictions.","The personal and business\n         correspondence of Helen Estes Baker reflects her long career\n         as a social activist committed to the betterment of human\n         kind. 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In 1984 Ms. Evans gave to Virginia\n         state university a number of photographs taken while she was a\n         student."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHelen W. Evans, 1984-46, Johnston Memorial Library,\n            Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Helen W. Evans, 1984-46, Johnston Memorial Library,\n            Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSchool scenes, individuals, taken by Helen Evans.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["School scenes, individuals, taken by Helen Evans."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePhotos of past years at Virginia\n         State University.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Photos of past years at Virginia\n         State University."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":9,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:22:00.819Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00023"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00031","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00031#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Writings reports, and biography of Mrs. Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, the founder of the School of Home Economics at Virginia State University.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00031#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vipets_vipets00031","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00031","_root_":"vipets_vipets00031","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00031","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00031.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1962-44"],"text":["1962-44","Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963","12 items","There are no restrictions.","Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter recieved the Bachelor of\n         Science Degree from Prairie View A \u0026 M College and was the\n         first African American female upon whom the Master's Degree\n         was conferred at Iowa State University where she also\n         completed course requirements of the doctorate degree. Texas\n         College confers upon her the honorary degree of Doctor of\n         Law.","While in Texas, Dr. Hunter was a member of the State\n         Federation's of Women's Clubs, the State Interracial\n         Commission, and the board of Directors of the Texas Home for\n         Delinquent Girls. She devised a plan for purchasing county\n         recreation parks in various sections of Texas and organized\n         the annual \"Home Economics Week\" on a State-wide basis.","In 1953, she was the recipient of the Alumni Award for\n         outstanding achievement in school, community, and home\n         relations at Prairie View A \u0026 M College. Her intrest in\n         adult education resulted in her sponsering the Chesterfield\n         County. Research Project which resulted in a extended program\n         of adult education. Dr. Hunter has contributed articles to the\n         Virginia State College Gazette, Journal of Negro Education,\n         Bulletin of the Confrence of Presidents of Negro Land-Grant\n         Colleges, the Journal of Home Economics, the Service Service\n         Review and the Agricultural Digest.","Mary E.V. Hunter came to Virginia State College in 1931, to\n         become Head of the Department and Professor of Home Economics.\n         Dr.Hunter served in this department until she retired in\n         1955.","Writings on a number of isssues make up Mrs. Hunter's\n         papers. Most of the articles address some aspect of the\n         socio-economic conditions of the African American family\n         during the era of segregation in Virginia. How did members of\n         the academic community attempt to impact on the society\n         through self help projects, and other innovative means to\n         close the gap.","There are no restrictions.","Writings reports, and biography of\n         Mrs. Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, the founder of the School of\n         Home Economics at Virginia State University.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1962-44"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["12 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Evelyn Victoria Hunter recieved the Bachelor of\n         Science Degree from Prairie View A \u0026amp; M College and was the\n         first African American female upon whom the Master's Degree\n         was conferred at Iowa State University where she also\n         completed course requirements of the doctorate degree. Texas\n         College confers upon her the honorary degree of Doctor of\n         Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile in Texas, Dr. Hunter was a member of the State\n         Federation's of Women's Clubs, the State Interracial\n         Commission, and the board of Directors of the Texas Home for\n         Delinquent Girls. She devised a plan for purchasing county\n         recreation parks in various sections of Texas and organized\n         the annual \"Home Economics Week\" on a State-wide basis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1953, she was the recipient of the Alumni Award for\n         outstanding achievement in school, community, and home\n         relations at Prairie View A \u0026amp; M College. Her intrest in\n         adult education resulted in her sponsering the Chesterfield\n         County. Research Project which resulted in a extended program\n         of adult education. Dr. Hunter has contributed articles to the\n         Virginia State College Gazette, Journal of Negro Education,\n         Bulletin of the Confrence of Presidents of Negro Land-Grant\n         Colleges, the Journal of Home Economics, the Service Service\n         Review and the Agricultural Digest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary E.V. Hunter came to Virginia State College in 1931, to\n         become Head of the Department and Professor of Home Economics.\n         Dr.Hunter served in this department until she retired in\n         1955.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter recieved the Bachelor of\n         Science Degree from Prairie View A \u0026 M College and was the\n         first African American female upon whom the Master's Degree\n         was conferred at Iowa State University where she also\n         completed course requirements of the doctorate degree. Texas\n         College confers upon her the honorary degree of Doctor of\n         Law.","While in Texas, Dr. Hunter was a member of the State\n         Federation's of Women's Clubs, the State Interracial\n         Commission, and the board of Directors of the Texas Home for\n         Delinquent Girls. She devised a plan for purchasing county\n         recreation parks in various sections of Texas and organized\n         the annual \"Home Economics Week\" on a State-wide basis.","In 1953, she was the recipient of the Alumni Award for\n         outstanding achievement in school, community, and home\n         relations at Prairie View A \u0026 M College. Her intrest in\n         adult education resulted in her sponsering the Chesterfield\n         County. Research Project which resulted in a extended program\n         of adult education. Dr. Hunter has contributed articles to the\n         Virginia State College Gazette, Journal of Negro Education,\n         Bulletin of the Confrence of Presidents of Negro Land-Grant\n         Colleges, the Journal of Home Economics, the Service Service\n         Review and the Agricultural Digest.","Mary E.V. Hunter came to Virginia State College in 1931, to\n         become Head of the Department and Professor of Home Economics.\n         Dr.Hunter served in this department until she retired in\n         1955."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, Accession\n            #1962-44 , Special Collections and Archives, Johnston\n            Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg,\n            VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, Accession\n            #1962-44 , Special Collections and Archives, Johnston\n            Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg,\n            VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWritings on a number of isssues make up Mrs. Hunter's\n         papers. Most of the articles address some aspect of the\n         socio-economic conditions of the African American family\n         during the era of segregation in Virginia. How did members of\n         the academic community attempt to impact on the society\n         through self help projects, and other innovative means to\n         close the gap.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Writings on a number of isssues make up Mrs. Hunter's\n         papers. Most of the articles address some aspect of the\n         socio-economic conditions of the African American family\n         during the era of segregation in Virginia. How did members of\n         the academic community attempt to impact on the society\n         through self help projects, and other innovative means to\n         close the gap."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eWritings reports, and biography of\n         Mrs. Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, the founder of the School of\n         Home Economics at Virginia State University.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Writings reports, and biography of\n         Mrs. Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, the founder of the School of\n         Home Economics at Virginia State University."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:36.140Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00031","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00031","_root_":"vipets_vipets00031","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00031","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00031.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1962-44"],"text":["1962-44","Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963","12 items","There are no restrictions.","Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter recieved the Bachelor of\n         Science Degree from Prairie View A \u0026 M College and was the\n         first African American female upon whom the Master's Degree\n         was conferred at Iowa State University where she also\n         completed course requirements of the doctorate degree. Texas\n         College confers upon her the honorary degree of Doctor of\n         Law.","While in Texas, Dr. Hunter was a member of the State\n         Federation's of Women's Clubs, the State Interracial\n         Commission, and the board of Directors of the Texas Home for\n         Delinquent Girls. She devised a plan for purchasing county\n         recreation parks in various sections of Texas and organized\n         the annual \"Home Economics Week\" on a State-wide basis.","In 1953, she was the recipient of the Alumni Award for\n         outstanding achievement in school, community, and home\n         relations at Prairie View A \u0026 M College. Her intrest in\n         adult education resulted in her sponsering the Chesterfield\n         County. Research Project which resulted in a extended program\n         of adult education. Dr. Hunter has contributed articles to the\n         Virginia State College Gazette, Journal of Negro Education,\n         Bulletin of the Confrence of Presidents of Negro Land-Grant\n         Colleges, the Journal of Home Economics, the Service Service\n         Review and the Agricultural Digest.","Mary E.V. Hunter came to Virginia State College in 1931, to\n         become Head of the Department and Professor of Home Economics.\n         Dr.Hunter served in this department until she retired in\n         1955.","Writings on a number of isssues make up Mrs. Hunter's\n         papers. Most of the articles address some aspect of the\n         socio-economic conditions of the African American family\n         during the era of segregation in Virginia. How did members of\n         the academic community attempt to impact on the society\n         through self help projects, and other innovative means to\n         close the gap.","There are no restrictions.","Writings reports, and biography of\n         Mrs. Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, the founder of the School of\n         Home Economics at Virginia State University.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1962-44"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria\n         Hunter, \n         \n         1931-1963"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["12 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Evelyn Victoria Hunter recieved the Bachelor of\n         Science Degree from Prairie View A \u0026amp; M College and was the\n         first African American female upon whom the Master's Degree\n         was conferred at Iowa State University where she also\n         completed course requirements of the doctorate degree. Texas\n         College confers upon her the honorary degree of Doctor of\n         Law.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhile in Texas, Dr. Hunter was a member of the State\n         Federation's of Women's Clubs, the State Interracial\n         Commission, and the board of Directors of the Texas Home for\n         Delinquent Girls. She devised a plan for purchasing county\n         recreation parks in various sections of Texas and organized\n         the annual \"Home Economics Week\" on a State-wide basis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1953, she was the recipient of the Alumni Award for\n         outstanding achievement in school, community, and home\n         relations at Prairie View A \u0026amp; M College. Her intrest in\n         adult education resulted in her sponsering the Chesterfield\n         County. Research Project which resulted in a extended program\n         of adult education. Dr. Hunter has contributed articles to the\n         Virginia State College Gazette, Journal of Negro Education,\n         Bulletin of the Confrence of Presidents of Negro Land-Grant\n         Colleges, the Journal of Home Economics, the Service Service\n         Review and the Agricultural Digest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary E.V. Hunter came to Virginia State College in 1931, to\n         become Head of the Department and Professor of Home Economics.\n         Dr.Hunter served in this department until she retired in\n         1955.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter recieved the Bachelor of\n         Science Degree from Prairie View A \u0026 M College and was the\n         first African American female upon whom the Master's Degree\n         was conferred at Iowa State University where she also\n         completed course requirements of the doctorate degree. Texas\n         College confers upon her the honorary degree of Doctor of\n         Law.","While in Texas, Dr. Hunter was a member of the State\n         Federation's of Women's Clubs, the State Interracial\n         Commission, and the board of Directors of the Texas Home for\n         Delinquent Girls. She devised a plan for purchasing county\n         recreation parks in various sections of Texas and organized\n         the annual \"Home Economics Week\" on a State-wide basis.","In 1953, she was the recipient of the Alumni Award for\n         outstanding achievement in school, community, and home\n         relations at Prairie View A \u0026 M College. Her intrest in\n         adult education resulted in her sponsering the Chesterfield\n         County. Research Project which resulted in a extended program\n         of adult education. Dr. Hunter has contributed articles to the\n         Virginia State College Gazette, Journal of Negro Education,\n         Bulletin of the Confrence of Presidents of Negro Land-Grant\n         Colleges, the Journal of Home Economics, the Service Service\n         Review and the Agricultural Digest.","Mary E.V. Hunter came to Virginia State College in 1931, to\n         become Head of the Department and Professor of Home Economics.\n         Dr.Hunter served in this department until she retired in\n         1955."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, Accession\n            #1962-44 , Special Collections and Archives, Johnston\n            Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg,\n            VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Papers of Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, Accession\n            #1962-44 , Special Collections and Archives, Johnston\n            Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg,\n            VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWritings on a number of isssues make up Mrs. Hunter's\n         papers. Most of the articles address some aspect of the\n         socio-economic conditions of the African American family\n         during the era of segregation in Virginia. How did members of\n         the academic community attempt to impact on the society\n         through self help projects, and other innovative means to\n         close the gap.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Writings on a number of isssues make up Mrs. Hunter's\n         papers. Most of the articles address some aspect of the\n         socio-economic conditions of the African American family\n         during the era of segregation in Virginia. How did members of\n         the academic community attempt to impact on the society\n         through self help projects, and other innovative means to\n         close the gap."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eWritings reports, and biography of\n         Mrs. Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, the founder of the School of\n         Home Economics at Virginia State University.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Writings reports, and biography of\n         Mrs. Mary Evelyn Victoria Hunter, the founder of the School of\n         Home Economics at Virginia State University."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:36.140Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00031"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00006","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00006#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Bragg papers are made up of some business correspondence, writings and copies of the \u003cem type=\"simple\"\u003eAfro-American Churchman\u003c/em\u003eand \u003cem type=\"simple\"\u003eThe Church Advocate\u003c/em\u003e.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00006#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vipets_vipets00006","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00006","_root_":"vipets_vipets00006","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00006","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00006.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1942-18"],"text":["1942-18","Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925","There are no restrictions.","SERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE, 1912-1925 \n          Mostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n         matters and social issues. \n          SERIES II: WRITINGS, 1916, n.d. \n          A number of writings, some may have been presented as\n         speeches. The topics address religious and social issues.\n         Included in this series is a pamphlet published by Bragg\n         entitled Richard Allen and Absodom Jones. Included in this\n         collection are also a number of books. \n          SERIES III. PHOTOGRAPHS \n          Two Photos of George Freeman Bragg \n          SERIES IV. PRINTED MATERIALS \n          A. \n          Broadside, Programs Two items: Broadside Concerns a social outing in 1899\n         the program; a conference in Norfolk, Virginia ca 1888. \n          B. \n          Newspapers George Freeman Bragg edited and published at least three\n         newspapers during his lifetime. His first newspaper was\n         published in Petersburg, Virginia from 1882-1886 and was\n         titled the \n          Lanceted . The Rev. Mr. Bragg\n         relocated to Baltimore, Maryland and there he published both \n          The African American\n         Churchman beginning in 1886 and the \n          Church Advocate in 1891-\n         1917.","The Reverend Mr. George Freeman Bragg was born in\n         Warrenton, North Carolina on January 23, 1863 to George\n         Freeman Bragg Sr., and Mary Bragg. Mr. Bragg's parents moved\n         to Petersburg, Virginia when he was an infant. George was\n         reared in Petersburg and attended school at The St. Stephens\n         Normal School and The Bishop Payne Divinity School in\n         Petersburg, Virginia where he studied theology. In 1887 George\n         Freeman was appointed deacon and in 1888 appointed a priest.\n         While pastoring Bragg built a church and rectory for the St.\n         James First African Church in Baltimore, Maryland. Rev Bragg\n         increased the membership of the church from thirty to nearly a\n         hundred. At the age of 19 Bragg published the first \" Colored\"\n         newspaper \n          The Lancet . The Lancet was\n         designed to be an organ of reform in Virginia and the Rev Mr.\n         Bragg was an ardent supporter of William Mahone and the\n         Readjuster Party. Mr. Bragg became the first African American\n         Page in the Virginia Legislator. He also published two other\n         newspapers \n          The Church Advocate and the \n          Afro-American Churchman . Rev\n         Mr. Bragg published his own newspapers and books with his own\n         press and he taught typesetting to his sons. The Rev Mr. Bragg\n         became widely known for his championing of civil rights and\n         leadership in a wide array of community service. In 1887 Mr.\n         Bragg married Nellie Hill.","In the \n          Afro-American Churchman and \n          The Church Advocate , The Rev\n         Mr. Bragg provides the only record of the development of the\n         black Episcopal Church in America. The Newspapers are unique\n         and reflect the current political and social views of the\n         African American Episcopal Church at that time. Here one may\n         find articles written by some of the leading African Americans\n         of the time. Topics about the \"Negro Problem\", Liberia, and\n         \"Jim Crowism,\" are some of the issues addressed.","Mostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n               matters and social issues.","2 photographs of Georgre Freeman Bragg","There are no restrictions.","The Bragg papers are made up of\n         some business correspondence, writings and copies of the \n          Afro-American Churchman and \n          The Church Advocate .","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1942-18"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE, 1912-1925 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eMostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n         matters and social issues. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES II: WRITINGS, 1916, n.d. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA number of writings, some may have been presented as\n         speeches. The topics address religious and social issues.\n         Included in this series is a pamphlet published by Bragg\n         entitled Richard Allen and Absodom Jones. Included in this\n         collection are also a number of books. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES III. PHOTOGRAPHS \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTwo Photos of George Freeman Bragg \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES IV. PRINTED MATERIALS \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eBroadside, Programs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTwo items: Broadside Concerns a social outing in 1899\n         the program; a conference in Norfolk, Virginia ca 1888. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eB. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eNewspapers\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eGeorge Freeman Bragg edited and published at least three\n         newspapers during his lifetime. His first newspaper was\n         published in Petersburg, Virginia from 1882-1886 and was\n         titled the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLanceted\u003c/title\u003e. The Rev. Mr. Bragg\n         relocated to Baltimore, Maryland and there he published both \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe African American\n         Churchman\u003c/title\u003ebeginning in 1886 and the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eChurch Advocate\u003c/title\u003ein 1891-\n         1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["SERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE, 1912-1925 \n          Mostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n         matters and social issues. \n          SERIES II: WRITINGS, 1916, n.d. \n          A number of writings, some may have been presented as\n         speeches. The topics address religious and social issues.\n         Included in this series is a pamphlet published by Bragg\n         entitled Richard Allen and Absodom Jones. Included in this\n         collection are also a number of books. \n          SERIES III. PHOTOGRAPHS \n          Two Photos of George Freeman Bragg \n          SERIES IV. PRINTED MATERIALS \n          A. \n          Broadside, Programs Two items: Broadside Concerns a social outing in 1899\n         the program; a conference in Norfolk, Virginia ca 1888. \n          B. \n          Newspapers George Freeman Bragg edited and published at least three\n         newspapers during his lifetime. His first newspaper was\n         published in Petersburg, Virginia from 1882-1886 and was\n         titled the \n          Lanceted . The Rev. Mr. Bragg\n         relocated to Baltimore, Maryland and there he published both \n          The African American\n         Churchman beginning in 1886 and the \n          Church Advocate in 1891-\n         1917."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Mr. George Freeman Bragg was born in\n         Warrenton, North Carolina on January 23, 1863 to George\n         Freeman Bragg Sr., and Mary Bragg. Mr. Bragg's parents moved\n         to Petersburg, Virginia when he was an infant. George was\n         reared in Petersburg and attended school at The St. Stephens\n         Normal School and The Bishop Payne Divinity School in\n         Petersburg, Virginia where he studied theology. In 1887 George\n         Freeman was appointed deacon and in 1888 appointed a priest.\n         While pastoring Bragg built a church and rectory for the St.\n         James First African Church in Baltimore, Maryland. Rev Bragg\n         increased the membership of the church from thirty to nearly a\n         hundred. At the age of 19 Bragg published the first \" Colored\"\n         newspaper \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Lancet\u003c/title\u003e. The Lancet was\n         designed to be an organ of reform in Virginia and the Rev Mr.\n         Bragg was an ardent supporter of William Mahone and the\n         Readjuster Party. Mr. Bragg became the first African American\n         Page in the Virginia Legislator. He also published two other\n         newspapers \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Church Advocate\u003c/title\u003eand the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAfro-American Churchman\u003c/title\u003e. Rev\n         Mr. Bragg published his own newspapers and books with his own\n         press and he taught typesetting to his sons. The Rev Mr. Bragg\n         became widely known for his championing of civil rights and\n         leadership in a wide array of community service. In 1887 Mr.\n         Bragg married Nellie Hill.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Mr. George Freeman Bragg was born in\n         Warrenton, North Carolina on January 23, 1863 to George\n         Freeman Bragg Sr., and Mary Bragg. Mr. Bragg's parents moved\n         to Petersburg, Virginia when he was an infant. George was\n         reared in Petersburg and attended school at The St. Stephens\n         Normal School and The Bishop Payne Divinity School in\n         Petersburg, Virginia where he studied theology. In 1887 George\n         Freeman was appointed deacon and in 1888 appointed a priest.\n         While pastoring Bragg built a church and rectory for the St.\n         James First African Church in Baltimore, Maryland. Rev Bragg\n         increased the membership of the church from thirty to nearly a\n         hundred. At the age of 19 Bragg published the first \" Colored\"\n         newspaper \n          The Lancet . The Lancet was\n         designed to be an organ of reform in Virginia and the Rev Mr.\n         Bragg was an ardent supporter of William Mahone and the\n         Readjuster Party. Mr. Bragg became the first African American\n         Page in the Virginia Legislator. He also published two other\n         newspapers \n          The Church Advocate and the \n          Afro-American Churchman . Rev\n         Mr. Bragg published his own newspapers and books with his own\n         press and he taught typesetting to his sons. The Rev Mr. Bragg\n         became widely known for his championing of civil rights and\n         leadership in a wide array of community service. In 1887 Mr.\n         Bragg married Nellie Hill."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman Bragg, 1882-1925,\n            Accession #1942-18, Special Collections and Archives,\n            Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University,\n            Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman Bragg, 1882-1925,\n            Accession #1942-18, Special Collections and Archives,\n            Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University,\n            Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAfro-American Churchman\u003c/title\u003eand \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Church Advocate\u003c/title\u003e, The Rev\n         Mr. Bragg provides the only record of the development of the\n         black Episcopal Church in America. The Newspapers are unique\n         and reflect the current political and social views of the\n         African American Episcopal Church at that time. Here one may\n         find articles written by some of the leading African Americans\n         of the time. Topics about the \"Negro Problem\", Liberia, and\n         \"Jim Crowism,\" are some of the issues addressed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n               matters and social issues.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 photographs of Georgre Freeman Bragg\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["In the \n          Afro-American Churchman and \n          The Church Advocate , The Rev\n         Mr. Bragg provides the only record of the development of the\n         black Episcopal Church in America. The Newspapers are unique\n         and reflect the current political and social views of the\n         African American Episcopal Church at that time. Here one may\n         find articles written by some of the leading African Americans\n         of the time. Topics about the \"Negro Problem\", Liberia, and\n         \"Jim Crowism,\" are some of the issues addressed.","Mostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n               matters and social issues.","2 photographs of Georgre Freeman Bragg"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Bragg papers are made up of\n         some business correspondence, writings and copies of the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAfro-American Churchman\u003c/title\u003eand \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Church Advocate\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Bragg papers are made up of\n         some business correspondence, writings and copies of the \n          Afro-American Churchman and \n          The Church Advocate ."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":49,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:07.109Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00006","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00006","_root_":"vipets_vipets00006","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00006","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00006.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1942-18"],"text":["1942-18","Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925","There are no restrictions.","SERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE, 1912-1925 \n          Mostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n         matters and social issues. \n          SERIES II: WRITINGS, 1916, n.d. \n          A number of writings, some may have been presented as\n         speeches. The topics address religious and social issues.\n         Included in this series is a pamphlet published by Bragg\n         entitled Richard Allen and Absodom Jones. Included in this\n         collection are also a number of books. \n          SERIES III. PHOTOGRAPHS \n          Two Photos of George Freeman Bragg \n          SERIES IV. PRINTED MATERIALS \n          A. \n          Broadside, Programs Two items: Broadside Concerns a social outing in 1899\n         the program; a conference in Norfolk, Virginia ca 1888. \n          B. \n          Newspapers George Freeman Bragg edited and published at least three\n         newspapers during his lifetime. His first newspaper was\n         published in Petersburg, Virginia from 1882-1886 and was\n         titled the \n          Lanceted . The Rev. Mr. Bragg\n         relocated to Baltimore, Maryland and there he published both \n          The African American\n         Churchman beginning in 1886 and the \n          Church Advocate in 1891-\n         1917.","The Reverend Mr. George Freeman Bragg was born in\n         Warrenton, North Carolina on January 23, 1863 to George\n         Freeman Bragg Sr., and Mary Bragg. Mr. Bragg's parents moved\n         to Petersburg, Virginia when he was an infant. George was\n         reared in Petersburg and attended school at The St. Stephens\n         Normal School and The Bishop Payne Divinity School in\n         Petersburg, Virginia where he studied theology. In 1887 George\n         Freeman was appointed deacon and in 1888 appointed a priest.\n         While pastoring Bragg built a church and rectory for the St.\n         James First African Church in Baltimore, Maryland. Rev Bragg\n         increased the membership of the church from thirty to nearly a\n         hundred. At the age of 19 Bragg published the first \" Colored\"\n         newspaper \n          The Lancet . The Lancet was\n         designed to be an organ of reform in Virginia and the Rev Mr.\n         Bragg was an ardent supporter of William Mahone and the\n         Readjuster Party. Mr. Bragg became the first African American\n         Page in the Virginia Legislator. He also published two other\n         newspapers \n          The Church Advocate and the \n          Afro-American Churchman . Rev\n         Mr. Bragg published his own newspapers and books with his own\n         press and he taught typesetting to his sons. The Rev Mr. Bragg\n         became widely known for his championing of civil rights and\n         leadership in a wide array of community service. In 1887 Mr.\n         Bragg married Nellie Hill.","In the \n          Afro-American Churchman and \n          The Church Advocate , The Rev\n         Mr. Bragg provides the only record of the development of the\n         black Episcopal Church in America. The Newspapers are unique\n         and reflect the current political and social views of the\n         African American Episcopal Church at that time. Here one may\n         find articles written by some of the leading African Americans\n         of the time. Topics about the \"Negro Problem\", Liberia, and\n         \"Jim Crowism,\" are some of the issues addressed.","Mostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n               matters and social issues.","2 photographs of Georgre Freeman Bragg","There are no restrictions.","The Bragg papers are made up of\n         some business correspondence, writings and copies of the \n          Afro-American Churchman and \n          The Church Advocate .","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1942-18"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman\n         Bragg, \n         \n         1882-1925"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE, 1912-1925 \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eMostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n         matters and social issues. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES II: WRITINGS, 1916, n.d. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA number of writings, some may have been presented as\n         speeches. The topics address religious and social issues.\n         Included in this series is a pamphlet published by Bragg\n         entitled Richard Allen and Absodom Jones. Included in this\n         collection are also a number of books. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES III. PHOTOGRAPHS \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTwo Photos of George Freeman Bragg \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES IV. PRINTED MATERIALS \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eA. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eBroadside, Programs\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eTwo items: Broadside Concerns a social outing in 1899\n         the program; a conference in Norfolk, Virginia ca 1888. \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eB. \n         \u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eNewspapers\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eGeorge Freeman Bragg edited and published at least three\n         newspapers during his lifetime. His first newspaper was\n         published in Petersburg, Virginia from 1882-1886 and was\n         titled the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eLanceted\u003c/title\u003e. The Rev. Mr. Bragg\n         relocated to Baltimore, Maryland and there he published both \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe African American\n         Churchman\u003c/title\u003ebeginning in 1886 and the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eChurch Advocate\u003c/title\u003ein 1891-\n         1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["SERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE, 1912-1925 \n          Mostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n         matters and social issues. \n          SERIES II: WRITINGS, 1916, n.d. \n          A number of writings, some may have been presented as\n         speeches. The topics address religious and social issues.\n         Included in this series is a pamphlet published by Bragg\n         entitled Richard Allen and Absodom Jones. Included in this\n         collection are also a number of books. \n          SERIES III. PHOTOGRAPHS \n          Two Photos of George Freeman Bragg \n          SERIES IV. PRINTED MATERIALS \n          A. \n          Broadside, Programs Two items: Broadside Concerns a social outing in 1899\n         the program; a conference in Norfolk, Virginia ca 1888. \n          B. \n          Newspapers George Freeman Bragg edited and published at least three\n         newspapers during his lifetime. His first newspaper was\n         published in Petersburg, Virginia from 1882-1886 and was\n         titled the \n          Lanceted . The Rev. Mr. Bragg\n         relocated to Baltimore, Maryland and there he published both \n          The African American\n         Churchman beginning in 1886 and the \n          Church Advocate in 1891-\n         1917."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reverend Mr. George Freeman Bragg was born in\n         Warrenton, North Carolina on January 23, 1863 to George\n         Freeman Bragg Sr., and Mary Bragg. Mr. Bragg's parents moved\n         to Petersburg, Virginia when he was an infant. George was\n         reared in Petersburg and attended school at The St. Stephens\n         Normal School and The Bishop Payne Divinity School in\n         Petersburg, Virginia where he studied theology. In 1887 George\n         Freeman was appointed deacon and in 1888 appointed a priest.\n         While pastoring Bragg built a church and rectory for the St.\n         James First African Church in Baltimore, Maryland. Rev Bragg\n         increased the membership of the church from thirty to nearly a\n         hundred. At the age of 19 Bragg published the first \" Colored\"\n         newspaper \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Lancet\u003c/title\u003e. The Lancet was\n         designed to be an organ of reform in Virginia and the Rev Mr.\n         Bragg was an ardent supporter of William Mahone and the\n         Readjuster Party. Mr. Bragg became the first African American\n         Page in the Virginia Legislator. He also published two other\n         newspapers \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Church Advocate\u003c/title\u003eand the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAfro-American Churchman\u003c/title\u003e. Rev\n         Mr. Bragg published his own newspapers and books with his own\n         press and he taught typesetting to his sons. The Rev Mr. Bragg\n         became widely known for his championing of civil rights and\n         leadership in a wide array of community service. In 1887 Mr.\n         Bragg married Nellie Hill.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Reverend Mr. George Freeman Bragg was born in\n         Warrenton, North Carolina on January 23, 1863 to George\n         Freeman Bragg Sr., and Mary Bragg. Mr. Bragg's parents moved\n         to Petersburg, Virginia when he was an infant. George was\n         reared in Petersburg and attended school at The St. Stephens\n         Normal School and The Bishop Payne Divinity School in\n         Petersburg, Virginia where he studied theology. In 1887 George\n         Freeman was appointed deacon and in 1888 appointed a priest.\n         While pastoring Bragg built a church and rectory for the St.\n         James First African Church in Baltimore, Maryland. Rev Bragg\n         increased the membership of the church from thirty to nearly a\n         hundred. At the age of 19 Bragg published the first \" Colored\"\n         newspaper \n          The Lancet . The Lancet was\n         designed to be an organ of reform in Virginia and the Rev Mr.\n         Bragg was an ardent supporter of William Mahone and the\n         Readjuster Party. Mr. Bragg became the first African American\n         Page in the Virginia Legislator. He also published two other\n         newspapers \n          The Church Advocate and the \n          Afro-American Churchman . Rev\n         Mr. Bragg published his own newspapers and books with his own\n         press and he taught typesetting to his sons. The Rev Mr. Bragg\n         became widely known for his championing of civil rights and\n         leadership in a wide array of community service. In 1887 Mr.\n         Bragg married Nellie Hill."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman Bragg, 1882-1925,\n            Accession #1942-18, Special Collections and Archives,\n            Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University,\n            Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Rev. Mr. George Freeman Bragg, 1882-1925,\n            Accession #1942-18, Special Collections and Archives,\n            Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University,\n            Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAfro-American Churchman\u003c/title\u003eand \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Church Advocate\u003c/title\u003e, The Rev\n         Mr. Bragg provides the only record of the development of the\n         black Episcopal Church in America. The Newspapers are unique\n         and reflect the current political and social views of the\n         African American Episcopal Church at that time. Here one may\n         find articles written by some of the leading African Americans\n         of the time. Topics about the \"Negro Problem\", Liberia, and\n         \"Jim Crowism,\" are some of the issues addressed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n               matters and social issues.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 photographs of Georgre Freeman Bragg\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["In the \n          Afro-American Churchman and \n          The Church Advocate , The Rev\n         Mr. Bragg provides the only record of the development of the\n         black Episcopal Church in America. The Newspapers are unique\n         and reflect the current political and social views of the\n         African American Episcopal Church at that time. Here one may\n         find articles written by some of the leading African Americans\n         of the time. Topics about the \"Negro Problem\", Liberia, and\n         \"Jim Crowism,\" are some of the issues addressed.","Mostly consisting of correspondence regarding church\n               matters and social issues.","2 photographs of Georgre Freeman Bragg"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Bragg papers are made up of\n         some business correspondence, writings and copies of the \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eAfro-American Churchman\u003c/title\u003eand \n         \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eThe Church Advocate\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Bragg papers are made up of\n         some business correspondence, writings and copies of the \n          Afro-American Churchman and \n          The Church Advocate ."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":49,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:07.109Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00006"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00030","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00030#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Monthly teaching reports for one of the black schools in Sussex County, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00030#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vipets_vipets00030","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00030","_root_":"vipets_vipets00030","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00030","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00030.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1987-48"],"text":["1987-48","Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899","5 items","There are no restrictions.","Robert Jones Peterburg resident, collector and dealer of\n         African American research materials acquired several monthly\n         teaching reports for Sussex County, Virginia. The reports were\n         generated by three teachers and the County Clerk.","Names of individual students, grade enrolled, number of\n         students, age and textbooks used. Each report also gives the\n         teacher name and home address.","Grade sheets for three African American public schools in\n         Sussex County, Virginia 1899.","There are no restrictions.","Monthly teaching reports for one of\n         the black schools in Sussex County, Virginia.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1987-48"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Jones Peterburg resident, collector and dealer of\n         African American research materials acquired several monthly\n         teaching reports for Sussex County, Virginia. The reports were\n         generated by three teachers and the County Clerk.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Jones Peterburg resident, collector and dealer of\n         African American research materials acquired several monthly\n         teaching reports for Sussex County, Virginia. The reports were\n         generated by three teachers and the County Clerk."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Robert Jones, Accession #1987-48 , Special\n            Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial Library,\n            Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Papers of Robert Jones, Accession #1987-48 , Special\n            Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial Library,\n            Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNames of individual students, grade enrolled, number of\n         students, age and textbooks used. Each report also gives the\n         teacher name and home address.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrade sheets for three African American public schools in\n         Sussex County, Virginia 1899.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Names of individual students, grade enrolled, number of\n         students, age and textbooks used. Each report also gives the\n         teacher name and home address.","Grade sheets for three African American public schools in\n         Sussex County, Virginia 1899."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMonthly teaching reports for one of\n         the black schools in Sussex County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Monthly teaching reports for one of\n         the black schools in Sussex County, Virginia."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:22:00.819Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00030","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00030","_root_":"vipets_vipets00030","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00030","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00030.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899"],"title_tesim":["Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1987-48"],"text":["1987-48","Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899","5 items","There are no restrictions.","Robert Jones Peterburg resident, collector and dealer of\n         African American research materials acquired several monthly\n         teaching reports for Sussex County, Virginia. The reports were\n         generated by three teachers and the County Clerk.","Names of individual students, grade enrolled, number of\n         students, age and textbooks used. Each report also gives the\n         teacher name and home address.","Grade sheets for three African American public schools in\n         Sussex County, Virginia 1899.","There are no restrictions.","Monthly teaching reports for one of\n         the black schools in Sussex County, Virginia.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1987-48"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of Robert Jones, \n         \n         1897-1899"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Jones Peterburg resident, collector and dealer of\n         African American research materials acquired several monthly\n         teaching reports for Sussex County, Virginia. The reports were\n         generated by three teachers and the County Clerk.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Jones Peterburg resident, collector and dealer of\n         African American research materials acquired several monthly\n         teaching reports for Sussex County, Virginia. The reports were\n         generated by three teachers and the County Clerk."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of Robert Jones, Accession #1987-48 , Special\n            Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial Library,\n            Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Papers of Robert Jones, Accession #1987-48 , Special\n            Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial Library,\n            Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNames of individual students, grade enrolled, number of\n         students, age and textbooks used. Each report also gives the\n         teacher name and home address.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrade sheets for three African American public schools in\n         Sussex County, Virginia 1899.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Names of individual students, grade enrolled, number of\n         students, age and textbooks used. Each report also gives the\n         teacher name and home address.","Grade sheets for three African American public schools in\n         Sussex County, Virginia 1899."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMonthly teaching reports for one of\n         the black schools in Sussex County, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Monthly teaching reports for one of\n         the black schools in Sussex County, Virginia."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:22:00.819Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00030"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00028","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00028#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Rodgers papers consist of a number of bulletins of \"The Colored Intercollegiate Athletic Association.\" Mr.Rodgers was the secretary of this group for a number of years.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00028#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vipets_vipets00028","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00028","_root_":"vipets_vipets00028","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00028","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00028.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940"],"title_tesim":["Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1984-33"],"text":["1984-33","Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940","15 items","There are no restrictions.","William Rodgers came to the Virginia Normal and Industrial\n         Institute in 1902 as an instructor of Manual Training and\n         Drawing. In 1917 Mr.Rodges was appointed secretary of the\n         university and he held that position until his retirement in\n         1947. Mr. Rodgers served in many committees and in 1905 became\n         one of the coaches for the football team. He chaired the\n         university Athelete committee from 1917-1947 and was appointed\n         to represent the university when they joined the CIAA in\n         1917.","The CIAA is one of the oldest confrences of the United\n         States. These materials document the early years of this\n         confrence, there are minutes and some reports. These materials\n         are useful in defining what the African American community\n         thought about sports, and, how these activities could be used\n         to bring about change in the society.","The CIAA (now the Central Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Confrence) is one of the oldest conferences in the United\n         States. Organized in 1912, these records include some of the\n         early minutes and bulletins which provide some of the early\n         documentation of what were their goals and how they proceeded\n         to implement them.","There are no restrictions.","The Rodgers papers consist of a\n         number of bulletins of \"The Colored Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Association.\" Mr.Rodgers was the secretary of this group for a\n         number of years.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1984-33"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"acqinfo_ssim":["A gift from the family of William Rodgers."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["15 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Rodgers came to the Virginia Normal and Industrial\n         Institute in 1902 as an instructor of Manual Training and\n         Drawing. In 1917 Mr.Rodges was appointed secretary of the\n         university and he held that position until his retirement in\n         1947. Mr. Rodgers served in many committees and in 1905 became\n         one of the coaches for the football team. He chaired the\n         university Athelete committee from 1917-1947 and was appointed\n         to represent the university when they joined the CIAA in\n         1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Rodgers came to the Virginia Normal and Industrial\n         Institute in 1902 as an instructor of Manual Training and\n         Drawing. In 1917 Mr.Rodges was appointed secretary of the\n         university and he held that position until his retirement in\n         1947. Mr. Rodgers served in many committees and in 1905 became\n         one of the coaches for the football team. He chaired the\n         university Athelete committee from 1917-1947 and was appointed\n         to represent the university when they joined the CIAA in\n         1917."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of William Rodgers, Accession # 1984-33,\n            Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n            Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Papers of William Rodgers, Accession # 1984-33,\n            Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n            Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe CIAA is one of the oldest confrences of the United\n         States. These materials document the early years of this\n         confrence, there are minutes and some reports. These materials\n         are useful in defining what the African American community\n         thought about sports, and, how these activities could be used\n         to bring about change in the society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe CIAA (now the Central Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Confrence) is one of the oldest conferences in the United\n         States. Organized in 1912, these records include some of the\n         early minutes and bulletins which provide some of the early\n         documentation of what were their goals and how they proceeded\n         to implement them.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The CIAA is one of the oldest confrences of the United\n         States. These materials document the early years of this\n         confrence, there are minutes and some reports. These materials\n         are useful in defining what the African American community\n         thought about sports, and, how these activities could be used\n         to bring about change in the society.","The CIAA (now the Central Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Confrence) is one of the oldest conferences in the United\n         States. Organized in 1912, these records include some of the\n         early minutes and bulletins which provide some of the early\n         documentation of what were their goals and how they proceeded\n         to implement them."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Rodgers papers consist of a\n         number of bulletins of \"The Colored Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Association.\" Mr.Rodgers was the secretary of this group for a\n         number of years.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Rodgers papers consist of a\n         number of bulletins of \"The Colored Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Association.\" Mr.Rodgers was the secretary of this group for a\n         number of years."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":24,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:07.109Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00028","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00028","_root_":"vipets_vipets00028","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00028","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00028.xml","title_ssm":["Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940"],"title_tesim":["Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1984-33"],"text":["1984-33","Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940","15 items","There are no restrictions.","William Rodgers came to the Virginia Normal and Industrial\n         Institute in 1902 as an instructor of Manual Training and\n         Drawing. In 1917 Mr.Rodges was appointed secretary of the\n         university and he held that position until his retirement in\n         1947. Mr. Rodgers served in many committees and in 1905 became\n         one of the coaches for the football team. He chaired the\n         university Athelete committee from 1917-1947 and was appointed\n         to represent the university when they joined the CIAA in\n         1917.","The CIAA is one of the oldest confrences of the United\n         States. These materials document the early years of this\n         confrence, there are minutes and some reports. These materials\n         are useful in defining what the African American community\n         thought about sports, and, how these activities could be used\n         to bring about change in the society.","The CIAA (now the Central Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Confrence) is one of the oldest conferences in the United\n         States. Organized in 1912, these records include some of the\n         early minutes and bulletins which provide some of the early\n         documentation of what were their goals and how they proceeded\n         to implement them.","There are no restrictions.","The Rodgers papers consist of a\n         number of bulletins of \"The Colored Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Association.\" Mr.Rodgers was the secretary of this group for a\n         number of years.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1984-33"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of William Rodgers, \n         \n         1912-1940"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"acqinfo_ssim":["A gift from the family of William Rodgers."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["15 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam Rodgers came to the Virginia Normal and Industrial\n         Institute in 1902 as an instructor of Manual Training and\n         Drawing. In 1917 Mr.Rodges was appointed secretary of the\n         university and he held that position until his retirement in\n         1947. Mr. Rodgers served in many committees and in 1905 became\n         one of the coaches for the football team. He chaired the\n         university Athelete committee from 1917-1947 and was appointed\n         to represent the university when they joined the CIAA in\n         1917.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["William Rodgers came to the Virginia Normal and Industrial\n         Institute in 1902 as an instructor of Manual Training and\n         Drawing. In 1917 Mr.Rodges was appointed secretary of the\n         university and he held that position until his retirement in\n         1947. Mr. Rodgers served in many committees and in 1905 became\n         one of the coaches for the football team. He chaired the\n         university Athelete committee from 1917-1947 and was appointed\n         to represent the university when they joined the CIAA in\n         1917."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Papers of William Rodgers, Accession # 1984-33,\n            Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n            Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["The Papers of William Rodgers, Accession # 1984-33,\n            Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n            Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe CIAA is one of the oldest confrences of the United\n         States. These materials document the early years of this\n         confrence, there are minutes and some reports. These materials\n         are useful in defining what the African American community\n         thought about sports, and, how these activities could be used\n         to bring about change in the society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe CIAA (now the Central Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Confrence) is one of the oldest conferences in the United\n         States. Organized in 1912, these records include some of the\n         early minutes and bulletins which provide some of the early\n         documentation of what were their goals and how they proceeded\n         to implement them.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The CIAA is one of the oldest confrences of the United\n         States. These materials document the early years of this\n         confrence, there are minutes and some reports. These materials\n         are useful in defining what the African American community\n         thought about sports, and, how these activities could be used\n         to bring about change in the society.","The CIAA (now the Central Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Confrence) is one of the oldest conferences in the United\n         States. Organized in 1912, these records include some of the\n         early minutes and bulletins which provide some of the early\n         documentation of what were their goals and how they proceeded\n         to implement them."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Rodgers papers consist of a\n         number of bulletins of \"The Colored Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Association.\" Mr.Rodgers was the secretary of this group for a\n         number of years.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Rodgers papers consist of a\n         number of bulletins of \"The Colored Intercollegiate Athletic\n         Association.\" Mr.Rodgers was the secretary of this group for a\n         number of years."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":24,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:07.109Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00028"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00008","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00008#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church papers contain minutes, reports and the church's history projects during almost a hundred year span from the church's organization. Included in these papers is an unfinished history of the church's existence, minutes from a conference dating back to 1876, and minutes from the Sabbath schools that were formed.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00008#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vipets_vipets00008","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00008","_root_":"vipets_vipets00008","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00008","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00008.xml","title_ssm":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"title_tesim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1980-36"],"text":["1980-36","Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974","This collection\ncontains ca. 200 pieces.","There are no restrictions.","In series one of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic papers,\nthere are detailed records of the church's history. In these\nrecords an unfinished publication of the church's history and\na brief history of the denominations formation and James\nRichard Howell. Included are many projects that the church was\nworking on along with financial reports from these projects.\nSome minutes from annual conferences are added in this\nseries.","The second series contains minutes from annual conferences,\nSunday school conventions, Women's home Mission and\nEducational Society, Home Mission and Educational Convention,\nthe Reformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools and Rising Zion Young\nPeople's Society. These minutes are from the first and second\ndistrict. These records date from 1876-1970.","James Richard Howell established the Reformed Zion Union\nApostolic Church in 1869, although the beginnings of its\nfoundation can be traced back to 1865. James Howell was a\nnative of New York City where he was an elder of the African\nMethodist Episcopal Zion Church. Elder Howell, who was an abolitionist, envisioned a church to evangelize the\nSouthern \"Negro.\" ","Elder Howell left his home in New York City and boarded a\ntrain heading south. Several hours later he had arrived in the town of LaCrosse in Mechlenburg, Virginia. This is where he began to form\nthe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church. Howell began to talk\nwith individuals concerning the church he envisioned. These\nindividuals appeared to have been interested in his idea. On on April\n1, 1869, a delegation including ministers from various\ndenominations, assembled in Boydton, Virginia to consider\nHowell's plan of union.","The plan of union was accepted by the delegation with\nexception of some matters relating to the episcopate\ngovernment. Elder Howell won suggestion of his new\ndenomination, the Zion Union Apostolic Church. The name came\nfrom many of the scriptures that Howell read. Zion was the stronghold\nof ancient days, therefore, Zion would be the stronghold of\nGod's people in this age. As Christ taught oneness of himself\nand the heavenly father and his oneness with his followers,\nso, too, shall his church dwell as a union. ","During October 1869, a second meeting was held at the          Zion Society to complete the work of a Zion Union Society. At\nthis meeting guidelines for the general rules were adopted and\nElder Howell was elected to a four-year term as President of\nthe \"Zion Union Apostolic Church of America.\"","The denomination was divided into three major factions, the\nliberals, who had withdrawn from the Episcopalian communion,\nthe conservatives, who had been in the white Methodist church,\nand the fundamentalists who had come from the Baptist churches\nor were new converts to Christianity. The three factions made\nalmost unceasing war on each other. The liberals were perhaps\na decade ahead of their time in plans and ideas. The\nfundamentalists were determined to fight for local church\nsovereignty and the immunity of the pastors from any authority\nexcept local congregations. The conservatives hued strictly to\nthe Methodist line, in doctrines and in practices. Bishop\nHowell was almost a faction within himself. He used his powers\nof appointment, silencing and expulsion of ministers as a\nsledgehammer to drive the stakes of Zion according to his own\ndesigns.","Controversy became rampant and even bitter. The\nstruggle the between the bishops and the elders became more divisive to the church when\na movement grew to merge the Zion Union Church with the\nEpiscopal Church. Bishop Howell fought with an abrasive\ntenacity and the division was so sharpened that some Elders\nand churches withdrew from Zion.","Bishop James Howell released himself from his duties of\nbishop from 1880-1881. Bishop William Howell was a man\nconsidered agreeable to conservatives, liberals and the \nfundamentalist. Bishop Howell immediately approved ineffective\nwith the opening of the conference of 1880. His first order of\nbusiness was the merger of the Episcopalian government. After\nfour days of meetings on the matter, a motion prevailed that\nthe Common Book of Prayer would be adopted. The conference\nended with the Zion Union Apostolic Church being organized into   thirty-eight Episcopalian churches and missions.\nand purposes.","The merger, however, was as a yet one-sided affair. James\nR. Howell came out of the Conference more determined than ever\nto save his beloved Zion. When the Annual Conference of 1881\nwas called to order, Howell had done little on the merger\nexcept the rather astringent efforts of opposition. Once\nreturned to office of Bishop, James R. Howell used his powers\nto batter his opponents. The shock of his fury tore the church\nasunder. The Conservatives found it necessary to go to the\nBishop and once again point out the grave situation. Howell\nacceded. He set to work to hear the breach in Zion. He\nsuccessfully arranged a Conference in 1882 to put Zion Union\non one accord. The Conservative leadership took over once the\nConference was called to order and set in motion plans, which\nwould free Zion Union of discord. The Conference ended with\ndifferences worked out, a return to presidential government\nand complete rejection of the merger. From this conference,\nthe church was known as the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch. However in the Conference of 1884, the Episcopacy\ngovernment was restored with the ruling that is shall never be\neliminated.","The Reformed Zion Union Church papers (1876-1974) are vital\npapers about the formation of a denomination after the Civil\nWar. These papers give a detailed account about the beginnings\nof this denomination and its founder James Richard Howell.","Howell, a former member of the African Methodist Episcopal\nZion Church, envisioned a church where all could go to worship\nregardless of race, creed, or color. Howell determined to see\nhis vision come true, set out to find a place for this church.\nHe boarded a train and found himself in LaCrosse, Virginia and\nthis is where the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church\ndenomination began.","These papers document the origins, purposes and functions\nof a uniquely African American Christian church. They\nrepresent a church that was not in existence until 1869. These\npapers have a distinct worth because it gives you an\nunderstanding of how a church was established after the Civil\nWar.","These papers include minutes from Annual Conferences,\nSunday School Conventions, Home Missions and Educational\nConvention, Women's Home Mission and Educational Society, the\nReformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools, and Rising Zion Young\nPeoples Society.","The papers are useful not only to members of this\ndenomination but anybody who is interested in how black\nchurches were formed after the Civil War. These materials also\nhelp to inform us of the structure of the African American\ncommunity after the Civil War. These materials document some\nof the activities in Virginia's black belt. Also, these papers\nmay also be useful for genealogical work because quite a few\nnames are used.","There are no restrictions.","The Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch papers contain minutes, reports and the church's\nhistory projects during almost a hundred year span from the\nchurch's organization. Included in these papers is an\nunfinished history of the church's existence, minutes from a\nconference dating back to 1876, and minutes from the Sabbath\nschools that were formed.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1980-36"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"collection_title_tesim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"collection_ssim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"acqinfo_ssim":["James Oliver Allen gave these papers to the Virginia\nState University Archives/Special Collections Department in\nhopes of a publication of a book on this denomination. They\nare to be preserved, administered, and used by the Virginia\nState University Archives/Special Collections under\ncustomary practices and guidelines of general archival\nadministration. Copyrights were transferred to Virginia\nState University by Deed of Gift in February 1980.\nAccession Number: 1980-36."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection\ncontains ca. 200 pieces."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn series one of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic papers,\nthere are detailed records of the church's history. In these\nrecords an unfinished publication of the church's history and\na brief history of the denominations formation and James\nRichard Howell. Included are many projects that the church was\nworking on along with financial reports from these projects.\nSome minutes from annual conferences are added in this\nseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second series contains minutes from annual conferences,\nSunday school conventions, Women's home Mission and\nEducational Society, Home Mission and Educational Convention,\nthe Reformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools and Rising Zion Young\nPeople's Society. These minutes are from the first and second\ndistrict. These records date from 1876-1970.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["In series one of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic papers,\nthere are detailed records of the church's history. In these\nrecords an unfinished publication of the church's history and\na brief history of the denominations formation and James\nRichard Howell. Included are many projects that the church was\nworking on along with financial reports from these projects.\nSome minutes from annual conferences are added in this\nseries.","The second series contains minutes from annual conferences,\nSunday school conventions, Women's home Mission and\nEducational Society, Home Mission and Educational Convention,\nthe Reformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools and Rising Zion Young\nPeople's Society. These minutes are from the first and second\ndistrict. These records date from 1876-1970."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Richard Howell established the Reformed Zion Union\nApostolic Church in 1869, although the beginnings of its\nfoundation can be traced back to 1865. James Howell was a\nnative of New York City where he was an elder of the African\nMethodist Episcopal Zion Church. Elder Howell, who was an abolitionist, envisioned a church to evangelize the\nSouthern \"Negro.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElder Howell left his home in New York City and boarded a\ntrain heading south. Several hours later he had arrived in the town of LaCrosse in Mechlenburg, Virginia. This is where he began to form\nthe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church. Howell began to talk\nwith individuals concerning the church he envisioned. These\nindividuals appeared to have been interested in his idea. On on April\n1, 1869, a delegation including ministers from various\ndenominations, assembled in Boydton, Virginia to consider\nHowell's plan of union.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe plan of union was accepted by the delegation with\nexception of some matters relating to the episcopate\ngovernment. Elder Howell won suggestion of his new\ndenomination, the Zion Union Apostolic Church. The name came\nfrom many of the scriptures that Howell read. Zion was the stronghold\nof ancient days, therefore, Zion would be the stronghold of\nGod's people in this age. As Christ taught oneness of himself\nand the heavenly father and his oneness with his followers,\nso, too, shall his church dwell as a union. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring October 1869, a second meeting was held at the          Zion Society to complete the work of a Zion Union Society. At\nthis meeting guidelines for the general rules were adopted and\nElder Howell was elected to a four-year term as President of\nthe \"Zion Union Apostolic Church of America.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe denomination was divided into three major factions, the\nliberals, who had withdrawn from the Episcopalian communion,\nthe conservatives, who had been in the white Methodist church,\nand the fundamentalists who had come from the Baptist churches\nor were new converts to Christianity. The three factions made\nalmost unceasing war on each other. The liberals were perhaps\na decade ahead of their time in plans and ideas. The\nfundamentalists were determined to fight for local church\nsovereignty and the immunity of the pastors from any authority\nexcept local congregations. The conservatives hued strictly to\nthe Methodist line, in doctrines and in practices. Bishop\nHowell was almost a faction within himself. He used his powers\nof appointment, silencing and expulsion of ministers as a\nsledgehammer to drive the stakes of Zion according to his own\ndesigns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eControversy became rampant and even bitter. The\nstruggle the between the bishops and the elders became more divisive to the church when\na movement grew to merge the Zion Union Church with the\nEpiscopal Church. Bishop Howell fought with an abrasive\ntenacity and the division was so sharpened that some Elders\nand churches withdrew from Zion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBishop James Howell released himself from his duties of\nbishop from 1880-1881. Bishop William Howell was a man\nconsidered agreeable to conservatives, liberals and the \nfundamentalist. Bishop Howell immediately approved ineffective\nwith the opening of the conference of 1880. His first order of\nbusiness was the merger of the Episcopalian government. After\nfour days of meetings on the matter, a motion prevailed that\nthe Common Book of Prayer would be adopted. The conference\nended with the Zion Union Apostolic Church being organized into   thirty-eight Episcopalian churches and missions.\nand purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe merger, however, was as a yet one-sided affair. James\nR. Howell came out of the Conference more determined than ever\nto save his beloved Zion. When the Annual Conference of 1881\nwas called to order, Howell had done little on the merger\nexcept the rather astringent efforts of opposition. Once\nreturned to office of Bishop, James R. Howell used his powers\nto batter his opponents. The shock of his fury tore the church\nasunder. The Conservatives found it necessary to go to the\nBishop and once again point out the grave situation. Howell\nacceded. He set to work to hear the breach in Zion. He\nsuccessfully arranged a Conference in 1882 to put Zion Union\non one accord. The Conservative leadership took over once the\nConference was called to order and set in motion plans, which\nwould free Zion Union of discord. The Conference ended with\ndifferences worked out, a return to presidential government\nand complete rejection of the merger. From this conference,\nthe church was known as the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch. However in the Conference of 1884, the Episcopacy\ngovernment was restored with the ruling that is shall never be\neliminated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["History of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Richard Howell established the Reformed Zion Union\nApostolic Church in 1869, although the beginnings of its\nfoundation can be traced back to 1865. James Howell was a\nnative of New York City where he was an elder of the African\nMethodist Episcopal Zion Church. Elder Howell, who was an abolitionist, envisioned a church to evangelize the\nSouthern \"Negro.\" ","Elder Howell left his home in New York City and boarded a\ntrain heading south. Several hours later he had arrived in the town of LaCrosse in Mechlenburg, Virginia. This is where he began to form\nthe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church. Howell began to talk\nwith individuals concerning the church he envisioned. These\nindividuals appeared to have been interested in his idea. On on April\n1, 1869, a delegation including ministers from various\ndenominations, assembled in Boydton, Virginia to consider\nHowell's plan of union.","The plan of union was accepted by the delegation with\nexception of some matters relating to the episcopate\ngovernment. Elder Howell won suggestion of his new\ndenomination, the Zion Union Apostolic Church. The name came\nfrom many of the scriptures that Howell read. Zion was the stronghold\nof ancient days, therefore, Zion would be the stronghold of\nGod's people in this age. As Christ taught oneness of himself\nand the heavenly father and his oneness with his followers,\nso, too, shall his church dwell as a union. ","During October 1869, a second meeting was held at the          Zion Society to complete the work of a Zion Union Society. At\nthis meeting guidelines for the general rules were adopted and\nElder Howell was elected to a four-year term as President of\nthe \"Zion Union Apostolic Church of America.\"","The denomination was divided into three major factions, the\nliberals, who had withdrawn from the Episcopalian communion,\nthe conservatives, who had been in the white Methodist church,\nand the fundamentalists who had come from the Baptist churches\nor were new converts to Christianity. The three factions made\nalmost unceasing war on each other. The liberals were perhaps\na decade ahead of their time in plans and ideas. The\nfundamentalists were determined to fight for local church\nsovereignty and the immunity of the pastors from any authority\nexcept local congregations. The conservatives hued strictly to\nthe Methodist line, in doctrines and in practices. Bishop\nHowell was almost a faction within himself. He used his powers\nof appointment, silencing and expulsion of ministers as a\nsledgehammer to drive the stakes of Zion according to his own\ndesigns.","Controversy became rampant and even bitter. The\nstruggle the between the bishops and the elders became more divisive to the church when\na movement grew to merge the Zion Union Church with the\nEpiscopal Church. Bishop Howell fought with an abrasive\ntenacity and the division was so sharpened that some Elders\nand churches withdrew from Zion.","Bishop James Howell released himself from his duties of\nbishop from 1880-1881. Bishop William Howell was a man\nconsidered agreeable to conservatives, liberals and the \nfundamentalist. Bishop Howell immediately approved ineffective\nwith the opening of the conference of 1880. His first order of\nbusiness was the merger of the Episcopalian government. After\nfour days of meetings on the matter, a motion prevailed that\nthe Common Book of Prayer would be adopted. The conference\nended with the Zion Union Apostolic Church being organized into   thirty-eight Episcopalian churches and missions.\nand purposes.","The merger, however, was as a yet one-sided affair. James\nR. Howell came out of the Conference more determined than ever\nto save his beloved Zion. When the Annual Conference of 1881\nwas called to order, Howell had done little on the merger\nexcept the rather astringent efforts of opposition. Once\nreturned to office of Bishop, James R. Howell used his powers\nto batter his opponents. The shock of his fury tore the church\nasunder. The Conservatives found it necessary to go to the\nBishop and once again point out the grave situation. Howell\nacceded. He set to work to hear the breach in Zion. He\nsuccessfully arranged a Conference in 1882 to put Zion Union\non one accord. The Conservative leadership took over once the\nConference was called to order and set in motion plans, which\nwould free Zion Union of discord. The Conference ended with\ndifferences worked out, a return to presidential government\nand complete rejection of the merger. From this conference,\nthe church was known as the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch. However in the Conference of 1884, the Episcopacy\ngovernment was restored with the ruling that is shall never be\neliminated."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, 1876-1974,\nAccession # 1980-36, Special Collections and Archives,\nJohnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University,\nPetersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, 1876-1974,\nAccession # 1980-36, Special Collections and Archives,\nJohnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University,\nPetersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reformed Zion Union Church papers (1876-1974) are vital\npapers about the formation of a denomination after the Civil\nWar. These papers give a detailed account about the beginnings\nof this denomination and its founder James Richard Howell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHowell, a former member of the African Methodist Episcopal\nZion Church, envisioned a church where all could go to worship\nregardless of race, creed, or color. Howell determined to see\nhis vision come true, set out to find a place for this church.\nHe boarded a train and found himself in LaCrosse, Virginia and\nthis is where the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church\ndenomination began.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese papers document the origins, purposes and functions\nof a uniquely African American Christian church. They\nrepresent a church that was not in existence until 1869. These\npapers have a distinct worth because it gives you an\nunderstanding of how a church was established after the Civil\nWar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese papers include minutes from Annual Conferences,\nSunday School Conventions, Home Missions and Educational\nConvention, Women's Home Mission and Educational Society, the\nReformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools, and Rising Zion Young\nPeoples Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers are useful not only to members of this\ndenomination but anybody who is interested in how black\nchurches were formed after the Civil War. These materials also\nhelp to inform us of the structure of the African American\ncommunity after the Civil War. These materials document some\nof the activities in Virginia's black belt. Also, these papers\nmay also be useful for genealogical work because quite a few\nnames are used.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Reformed Zion Union Church papers (1876-1974) are vital\npapers about the formation of a denomination after the Civil\nWar. These papers give a detailed account about the beginnings\nof this denomination and its founder James Richard Howell.","Howell, a former member of the African Methodist Episcopal\nZion Church, envisioned a church where all could go to worship\nregardless of race, creed, or color. Howell determined to see\nhis vision come true, set out to find a place for this church.\nHe boarded a train and found himself in LaCrosse, Virginia and\nthis is where the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church\ndenomination began.","These papers document the origins, purposes and functions\nof a uniquely African American Christian church. They\nrepresent a church that was not in existence until 1869. These\npapers have a distinct worth because it gives you an\nunderstanding of how a church was established after the Civil\nWar.","These papers include minutes from Annual Conferences,\nSunday School Conventions, Home Missions and Educational\nConvention, Women's Home Mission and Educational Society, the\nReformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools, and Rising Zion Young\nPeoples Society.","The papers are useful not only to members of this\ndenomination but anybody who is interested in how black\nchurches were formed after the Civil War. These materials also\nhelp to inform us of the structure of the African American\ncommunity after the Civil War. These materials document some\nof the activities in Virginia's black belt. Also, these papers\nmay also be useful for genealogical work because quite a few\nnames are used."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch papers contain minutes, reports and the church's\nhistory projects during almost a hundred year span from the\nchurch's organization. Included in these papers is an\nunfinished history of the church's existence, minutes from a\nconference dating back to 1876, and minutes from the Sabbath\nschools that were formed.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch papers contain minutes, reports and the church's\nhistory projects during almost a hundred year span from the\nchurch's organization. Included in these papers is an\nunfinished history of the church's existence, minutes from a\nconference dating back to 1876, and minutes from the Sabbath\nschools that were formed."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":90,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:36.140Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00008","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00008","_root_":"vipets_vipets00008","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00008","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00008.xml","title_ssm":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"title_tesim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1980-36"],"text":["1980-36","Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974","This collection\ncontains ca. 200 pieces.","There are no restrictions.","In series one of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic papers,\nthere are detailed records of the church's history. In these\nrecords an unfinished publication of the church's history and\na brief history of the denominations formation and James\nRichard Howell. Included are many projects that the church was\nworking on along with financial reports from these projects.\nSome minutes from annual conferences are added in this\nseries.","The second series contains minutes from annual conferences,\nSunday school conventions, Women's home Mission and\nEducational Society, Home Mission and Educational Convention,\nthe Reformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools and Rising Zion Young\nPeople's Society. These minutes are from the first and second\ndistrict. These records date from 1876-1970.","James Richard Howell established the Reformed Zion Union\nApostolic Church in 1869, although the beginnings of its\nfoundation can be traced back to 1865. James Howell was a\nnative of New York City where he was an elder of the African\nMethodist Episcopal Zion Church. Elder Howell, who was an abolitionist, envisioned a church to evangelize the\nSouthern \"Negro.\" ","Elder Howell left his home in New York City and boarded a\ntrain heading south. Several hours later he had arrived in the town of LaCrosse in Mechlenburg, Virginia. This is where he began to form\nthe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church. Howell began to talk\nwith individuals concerning the church he envisioned. These\nindividuals appeared to have been interested in his idea. On on April\n1, 1869, a delegation including ministers from various\ndenominations, assembled in Boydton, Virginia to consider\nHowell's plan of union.","The plan of union was accepted by the delegation with\nexception of some matters relating to the episcopate\ngovernment. Elder Howell won suggestion of his new\ndenomination, the Zion Union Apostolic Church. The name came\nfrom many of the scriptures that Howell read. Zion was the stronghold\nof ancient days, therefore, Zion would be the stronghold of\nGod's people in this age. As Christ taught oneness of himself\nand the heavenly father and his oneness with his followers,\nso, too, shall his church dwell as a union. ","During October 1869, a second meeting was held at the          Zion Society to complete the work of a Zion Union Society. At\nthis meeting guidelines for the general rules were adopted and\nElder Howell was elected to a four-year term as President of\nthe \"Zion Union Apostolic Church of America.\"","The denomination was divided into three major factions, the\nliberals, who had withdrawn from the Episcopalian communion,\nthe conservatives, who had been in the white Methodist church,\nand the fundamentalists who had come from the Baptist churches\nor were new converts to Christianity. The three factions made\nalmost unceasing war on each other. The liberals were perhaps\na decade ahead of their time in plans and ideas. The\nfundamentalists were determined to fight for local church\nsovereignty and the immunity of the pastors from any authority\nexcept local congregations. The conservatives hued strictly to\nthe Methodist line, in doctrines and in practices. Bishop\nHowell was almost a faction within himself. He used his powers\nof appointment, silencing and expulsion of ministers as a\nsledgehammer to drive the stakes of Zion according to his own\ndesigns.","Controversy became rampant and even bitter. The\nstruggle the between the bishops and the elders became more divisive to the church when\na movement grew to merge the Zion Union Church with the\nEpiscopal Church. Bishop Howell fought with an abrasive\ntenacity and the division was so sharpened that some Elders\nand churches withdrew from Zion.","Bishop James Howell released himself from his duties of\nbishop from 1880-1881. Bishop William Howell was a man\nconsidered agreeable to conservatives, liberals and the \nfundamentalist. Bishop Howell immediately approved ineffective\nwith the opening of the conference of 1880. His first order of\nbusiness was the merger of the Episcopalian government. After\nfour days of meetings on the matter, a motion prevailed that\nthe Common Book of Prayer would be adopted. The conference\nended with the Zion Union Apostolic Church being organized into   thirty-eight Episcopalian churches and missions.\nand purposes.","The merger, however, was as a yet one-sided affair. James\nR. Howell came out of the Conference more determined than ever\nto save his beloved Zion. When the Annual Conference of 1881\nwas called to order, Howell had done little on the merger\nexcept the rather astringent efforts of opposition. Once\nreturned to office of Bishop, James R. Howell used his powers\nto batter his opponents. The shock of his fury tore the church\nasunder. The Conservatives found it necessary to go to the\nBishop and once again point out the grave situation. Howell\nacceded. He set to work to hear the breach in Zion. He\nsuccessfully arranged a Conference in 1882 to put Zion Union\non one accord. The Conservative leadership took over once the\nConference was called to order and set in motion plans, which\nwould free Zion Union of discord. The Conference ended with\ndifferences worked out, a return to presidential government\nand complete rejection of the merger. From this conference,\nthe church was known as the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch. However in the Conference of 1884, the Episcopacy\ngovernment was restored with the ruling that is shall never be\neliminated.","The Reformed Zion Union Church papers (1876-1974) are vital\npapers about the formation of a denomination after the Civil\nWar. These papers give a detailed account about the beginnings\nof this denomination and its founder James Richard Howell.","Howell, a former member of the African Methodist Episcopal\nZion Church, envisioned a church where all could go to worship\nregardless of race, creed, or color. Howell determined to see\nhis vision come true, set out to find a place for this church.\nHe boarded a train and found himself in LaCrosse, Virginia and\nthis is where the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church\ndenomination began.","These papers document the origins, purposes and functions\nof a uniquely African American Christian church. They\nrepresent a church that was not in existence until 1869. These\npapers have a distinct worth because it gives you an\nunderstanding of how a church was established after the Civil\nWar.","These papers include minutes from Annual Conferences,\nSunday School Conventions, Home Missions and Educational\nConvention, Women's Home Mission and Educational Society, the\nReformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools, and Rising Zion Young\nPeoples Society.","The papers are useful not only to members of this\ndenomination but anybody who is interested in how black\nchurches were formed after the Civil War. These materials also\nhelp to inform us of the structure of the African American\ncommunity after the Civil War. These materials document some\nof the activities in Virginia's black belt. Also, these papers\nmay also be useful for genealogical work because quite a few\nnames are used.","There are no restrictions.","The Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch papers contain minutes, reports and the church's\nhistory projects during almost a hundred year span from the\nchurch's organization. Included in these papers is an\nunfinished history of the church's existence, minutes from a\nconference dating back to 1876, and minutes from the Sabbath\nschools that were formed.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1980-36"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"collection_title_tesim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"collection_ssim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, \n\n1876-1974"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"acqinfo_ssim":["James Oliver Allen gave these papers to the Virginia\nState University Archives/Special Collections Department in\nhopes of a publication of a book on this denomination. They\nare to be preserved, administered, and used by the Virginia\nState University Archives/Special Collections under\ncustomary practices and guidelines of general archival\nadministration. Copyrights were transferred to Virginia\nState University by Deed of Gift in February 1980.\nAccession Number: 1980-36."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["This collection\ncontains ca. 200 pieces."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn series one of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic papers,\nthere are detailed records of the church's history. In these\nrecords an unfinished publication of the church's history and\na brief history of the denominations formation and James\nRichard Howell. Included are many projects that the church was\nworking on along with financial reports from these projects.\nSome minutes from annual conferences are added in this\nseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second series contains minutes from annual conferences,\nSunday school conventions, Women's home Mission and\nEducational Society, Home Mission and Educational Convention,\nthe Reformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools and Rising Zion Young\nPeople's Society. These minutes are from the first and second\ndistrict. These records date from 1876-1970.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["In series one of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic papers,\nthere are detailed records of the church's history. In these\nrecords an unfinished publication of the church's history and\na brief history of the denominations formation and James\nRichard Howell. Included are many projects that the church was\nworking on along with financial reports from these projects.\nSome minutes from annual conferences are added in this\nseries.","The second series contains minutes from annual conferences,\nSunday school conventions, Women's home Mission and\nEducational Society, Home Mission and Educational Convention,\nthe Reformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools and Rising Zion Young\nPeople's Society. These minutes are from the first and second\ndistrict. These records date from 1876-1970."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames Richard Howell established the Reformed Zion Union\nApostolic Church in 1869, although the beginnings of its\nfoundation can be traced back to 1865. James Howell was a\nnative of New York City where he was an elder of the African\nMethodist Episcopal Zion Church. Elder Howell, who was an abolitionist, envisioned a church to evangelize the\nSouthern \"Negro.\" \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElder Howell left his home in New York City and boarded a\ntrain heading south. Several hours later he had arrived in the town of LaCrosse in Mechlenburg, Virginia. This is where he began to form\nthe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church. Howell began to talk\nwith individuals concerning the church he envisioned. These\nindividuals appeared to have been interested in his idea. On on April\n1, 1869, a delegation including ministers from various\ndenominations, assembled in Boydton, Virginia to consider\nHowell's plan of union.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe plan of union was accepted by the delegation with\nexception of some matters relating to the episcopate\ngovernment. Elder Howell won suggestion of his new\ndenomination, the Zion Union Apostolic Church. The name came\nfrom many of the scriptures that Howell read. Zion was the stronghold\nof ancient days, therefore, Zion would be the stronghold of\nGod's people in this age. As Christ taught oneness of himself\nand the heavenly father and his oneness with his followers,\nso, too, shall his church dwell as a union. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring October 1869, a second meeting was held at the          Zion Society to complete the work of a Zion Union Society. At\nthis meeting guidelines for the general rules were adopted and\nElder Howell was elected to a four-year term as President of\nthe \"Zion Union Apostolic Church of America.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe denomination was divided into three major factions, the\nliberals, who had withdrawn from the Episcopalian communion,\nthe conservatives, who had been in the white Methodist church,\nand the fundamentalists who had come from the Baptist churches\nor were new converts to Christianity. The three factions made\nalmost unceasing war on each other. The liberals were perhaps\na decade ahead of their time in plans and ideas. The\nfundamentalists were determined to fight for local church\nsovereignty and the immunity of the pastors from any authority\nexcept local congregations. The conservatives hued strictly to\nthe Methodist line, in doctrines and in practices. Bishop\nHowell was almost a faction within himself. He used his powers\nof appointment, silencing and expulsion of ministers as a\nsledgehammer to drive the stakes of Zion according to his own\ndesigns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eControversy became rampant and even bitter. The\nstruggle the between the bishops and the elders became more divisive to the church when\na movement grew to merge the Zion Union Church with the\nEpiscopal Church. Bishop Howell fought with an abrasive\ntenacity and the division was so sharpened that some Elders\nand churches withdrew from Zion.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBishop James Howell released himself from his duties of\nbishop from 1880-1881. Bishop William Howell was a man\nconsidered agreeable to conservatives, liberals and the \nfundamentalist. Bishop Howell immediately approved ineffective\nwith the opening of the conference of 1880. His first order of\nbusiness was the merger of the Episcopalian government. After\nfour days of meetings on the matter, a motion prevailed that\nthe Common Book of Prayer would be adopted. The conference\nended with the Zion Union Apostolic Church being organized into   thirty-eight Episcopalian churches and missions.\nand purposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe merger, however, was as a yet one-sided affair. James\nR. Howell came out of the Conference more determined than ever\nto save his beloved Zion. When the Annual Conference of 1881\nwas called to order, Howell had done little on the merger\nexcept the rather astringent efforts of opposition. Once\nreturned to office of Bishop, James R. Howell used his powers\nto batter his opponents. The shock of his fury tore the church\nasunder. The Conservatives found it necessary to go to the\nBishop and once again point out the grave situation. Howell\nacceded. He set to work to hear the breach in Zion. He\nsuccessfully arranged a Conference in 1882 to put Zion Union\non one accord. The Conservative leadership took over once the\nConference was called to order and set in motion plans, which\nwould free Zion Union of discord. The Conference ended with\ndifferences worked out, a return to presidential government\nand complete rejection of the merger. From this conference,\nthe church was known as the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch. However in the Conference of 1884, the Episcopacy\ngovernment was restored with the ruling that is shall never be\neliminated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["History of the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch"],"bioghist_tesim":["James Richard Howell established the Reformed Zion Union\nApostolic Church in 1869, although the beginnings of its\nfoundation can be traced back to 1865. James Howell was a\nnative of New York City where he was an elder of the African\nMethodist Episcopal Zion Church. Elder Howell, who was an abolitionist, envisioned a church to evangelize the\nSouthern \"Negro.\" ","Elder Howell left his home in New York City and boarded a\ntrain heading south. Several hours later he had arrived in the town of LaCrosse in Mechlenburg, Virginia. This is where he began to form\nthe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church. Howell began to talk\nwith individuals concerning the church he envisioned. These\nindividuals appeared to have been interested in his idea. On on April\n1, 1869, a delegation including ministers from various\ndenominations, assembled in Boydton, Virginia to consider\nHowell's plan of union.","The plan of union was accepted by the delegation with\nexception of some matters relating to the episcopate\ngovernment. Elder Howell won suggestion of his new\ndenomination, the Zion Union Apostolic Church. The name came\nfrom many of the scriptures that Howell read. Zion was the stronghold\nof ancient days, therefore, Zion would be the stronghold of\nGod's people in this age. As Christ taught oneness of himself\nand the heavenly father and his oneness with his followers,\nso, too, shall his church dwell as a union. ","During October 1869, a second meeting was held at the          Zion Society to complete the work of a Zion Union Society. At\nthis meeting guidelines for the general rules were adopted and\nElder Howell was elected to a four-year term as President of\nthe \"Zion Union Apostolic Church of America.\"","The denomination was divided into three major factions, the\nliberals, who had withdrawn from the Episcopalian communion,\nthe conservatives, who had been in the white Methodist church,\nand the fundamentalists who had come from the Baptist churches\nor were new converts to Christianity. The three factions made\nalmost unceasing war on each other. The liberals were perhaps\na decade ahead of their time in plans and ideas. The\nfundamentalists were determined to fight for local church\nsovereignty and the immunity of the pastors from any authority\nexcept local congregations. The conservatives hued strictly to\nthe Methodist line, in doctrines and in practices. Bishop\nHowell was almost a faction within himself. He used his powers\nof appointment, silencing and expulsion of ministers as a\nsledgehammer to drive the stakes of Zion according to his own\ndesigns.","Controversy became rampant and even bitter. The\nstruggle the between the bishops and the elders became more divisive to the church when\na movement grew to merge the Zion Union Church with the\nEpiscopal Church. Bishop Howell fought with an abrasive\ntenacity and the division was so sharpened that some Elders\nand churches withdrew from Zion.","Bishop James Howell released himself from his duties of\nbishop from 1880-1881. Bishop William Howell was a man\nconsidered agreeable to conservatives, liberals and the \nfundamentalist. Bishop Howell immediately approved ineffective\nwith the opening of the conference of 1880. His first order of\nbusiness was the merger of the Episcopalian government. After\nfour days of meetings on the matter, a motion prevailed that\nthe Common Book of Prayer would be adopted. The conference\nended with the Zion Union Apostolic Church being organized into   thirty-eight Episcopalian churches and missions.\nand purposes.","The merger, however, was as a yet one-sided affair. James\nR. Howell came out of the Conference more determined than ever\nto save his beloved Zion. When the Annual Conference of 1881\nwas called to order, Howell had done little on the merger\nexcept the rather astringent efforts of opposition. Once\nreturned to office of Bishop, James R. Howell used his powers\nto batter his opponents. The shock of his fury tore the church\nasunder. The Conservatives found it necessary to go to the\nBishop and once again point out the grave situation. Howell\nacceded. He set to work to hear the breach in Zion. He\nsuccessfully arranged a Conference in 1882 to put Zion Union\non one accord. The Conservative leadership took over once the\nConference was called to order and set in motion plans, which\nwould free Zion Union of discord. The Conference ended with\ndifferences worked out, a return to presidential government\nand complete rejection of the merger. From this conference,\nthe church was known as the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch. However in the Conference of 1884, the Episcopacy\ngovernment was restored with the ruling that is shall never be\neliminated."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eReformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, 1876-1974,\nAccession # 1980-36, Special Collections and Archives,\nJohnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University,\nPetersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church Papers, 1876-1974,\nAccession # 1980-36, Special Collections and Archives,\nJohnston Memorial Library, Virginia State University,\nPetersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Reformed Zion Union Church papers (1876-1974) are vital\npapers about the formation of a denomination after the Civil\nWar. These papers give a detailed account about the beginnings\nof this denomination and its founder James Richard Howell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHowell, a former member of the African Methodist Episcopal\nZion Church, envisioned a church where all could go to worship\nregardless of race, creed, or color. Howell determined to see\nhis vision come true, set out to find a place for this church.\nHe boarded a train and found himself in LaCrosse, Virginia and\nthis is where the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church\ndenomination began.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese papers document the origins, purposes and functions\nof a uniquely African American Christian church. They\nrepresent a church that was not in existence until 1869. These\npapers have a distinct worth because it gives you an\nunderstanding of how a church was established after the Civil\nWar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese papers include minutes from Annual Conferences,\nSunday School Conventions, Home Missions and Educational\nConvention, Women's Home Mission and Educational Society, the\nReformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools, and Rising Zion Young\nPeoples Society.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe papers are useful not only to members of this\ndenomination but anybody who is interested in how black\nchurches were formed after the Civil War. These materials also\nhelp to inform us of the structure of the African American\ncommunity after the Civil War. These materials document some\nof the activities in Virginia's black belt. Also, these papers\nmay also be useful for genealogical work because quite a few\nnames are used.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Reformed Zion Union Church papers (1876-1974) are vital\npapers about the formation of a denomination after the Civil\nWar. These papers give a detailed account about the beginnings\nof this denomination and its founder James Richard Howell.","Howell, a former member of the African Methodist Episcopal\nZion Church, envisioned a church where all could go to worship\nregardless of race, creed, or color. Howell determined to see\nhis vision come true, set out to find a place for this church.\nHe boarded a train and found himself in LaCrosse, Virginia and\nthis is where the Reformed Zion Union Apostolic Church\ndenomination began.","These papers document the origins, purposes and functions\nof a uniquely African American Christian church. They\nrepresent a church that was not in existence until 1869. These\npapers have a distinct worth because it gives you an\nunderstanding of how a church was established after the Civil\nWar.","These papers include minutes from Annual Conferences,\nSunday School Conventions, Home Missions and Educational\nConvention, Women's Home Mission and Educational Society, the\nReformed Zion Union Sabbath Schools, and Rising Zion Young\nPeoples Society.","The papers are useful not only to members of this\ndenomination but anybody who is interested in how black\nchurches were formed after the Civil War. These materials also\nhelp to inform us of the structure of the African American\ncommunity after the Civil War. These materials document some\nof the activities in Virginia's black belt. Also, these papers\nmay also be useful for genealogical work because quite a few\nnames are used."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch papers contain minutes, reports and the church's\nhistory projects during almost a hundred year span from the\nchurch's organization. Included in these papers is an\nunfinished history of the church's existence, minutes from a\nconference dating back to 1876, and minutes from the Sabbath\nschools that were formed.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Reformed Zion Union Apostolic\nChurch papers contain minutes, reports and the church's\nhistory projects during almost a hundred year span from the\nchurch's organization. Included in these papers is an\nunfinished history of the church's existence, minutes from a\nconference dating back to 1876, and minutes from the Sabbath\nschools that were formed."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":90,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:36.140Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00008"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00052","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00052#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Robert Printiss\n         Daniel","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00052#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Personal and business correspondence of the fifth President of Virginia State University. Robert P. Daniel was one of the movers in establishing what is now Norfolk State University. He was also very involved in efforts to integrate the institutions of higher learning in Virginia. Acc.#1976-16","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00052#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vipets_vipets00052","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00052","_root_":"vipets_vipets00052","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00052","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00052.xml","title_ssm":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966"],"title_tesim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1920-1966"],"text":["1920-1966","Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966","5,000\n         items","Additional information about Robert P. Daniels may be\n            found in the Virginia State University Archives.","Series I. Correspondences 1926-1960 Some personal and\n         business correspondence of Robert P. Daniel. Most of the\n         correspondences has to do with Mr. Daniel's leaving Shaw\n         University to become the fifth President of Virginia State\n         College in 1949-1950. sub-series A. Personal Correspondence.\n         sub-series B. Buisness Correspondence","Series II. Organizations and Affiliations Sub-series A.\n         Alpha Phi Alpha Sub-Series B. Virginia Union Alumni\n         Association Sub-Series C. Class (1924)Reunions","Series III. Literary Speeches, Sermons and radio addresses\n         made by Robert P. Daniel from 1936-1966. speeches are arranged\n         by subject and location. Writings State Teachers Report.\n         sub-series A. speeches. sub- series B. Sermons. sub-series C.\n         writings.","Series IV. Photographs. Sub-series A. Personal Sub-series\n         B. The International advisory Board on Liberia Sub-series C.\n         The Alpha Phi Apha Fraternity","Series V. Printed. Sub-Series A. Programs and Flyers with\n         Meetings Attended by Robert Daniel. Sub-Series B. Awards and\n         Certificates Presented by Robert Daniel over a period of years\n         documenting his involvement in a number of organizations.\n         Sub-Series C. Virginia Union University Printed Items\n         generated by Virginia Union University which includes\n         programs, bullitens, and a short history of Virginia Union\n         University. D. Shaw Printed Items such as Bulletins, and other\n         programs E. The Sphinx F. . Degrees and Appointments. Earned\n         degrees for Robert Daniel and members of the Daniel and Taylor\n         Families. Included are appointments for Robert Daniel for\n         several commissions G. Newspapers. Several issues of Black\n         owned newspapers, which were published in North Carolina,\n         Virginia, Massachusetts, and New York. H. Newsclippings.\n         Newsclippings from a number of Newspaper mostly from Virginia\n         I.Civil Rights in Petersburg. Newsletters and Flyers\n         concerning some of the civil rights issues in Petersburg\n         during the 1960's","Series VI. Scrapbooks. Two Scrapbooks, The United States\n         Army Infantry Center and A testimonial in words and music.","Series VII. Artifacts Three Dimensional Items Awarded to or\n         collected by Robert Prentiss Daniel","Robert P. Daniel was elected to become the fifth president\n         of Virginia State University(then Virginia State College)in\n         December of 1949. He assumed his duties in February of 1950.\n         Mr. Daniel however was not a stranger to Virginia State,\n         having been born on the campus in 1902. This strange twist of\n         fate makes Robert P. Daniel the only President of a\n         state-supported institution who was born on the campus, which\n         he would later serve as chief administrator.","The historical background, which explains, this unusual\n         occurrence lay in the origins of the Daniel Family. The roots\n         of this family began in Louisa County Virginia, with Lucy\n         Langston, Robert Daniel's great great grandmother, who was\n         described as being of African and Virginia Indian origins.","Lucy langston lived as the only wife of Ralph Quarles, a\n         white farmer and landholder in Louisa County. Although this\n         was not a legal union(black-white marriages had been outlawed\n         in Virginia in 1692), the two lived as man and wife for more\n         than thirty years.","From this union came four children: Maria (Daniel's great\n         grandmother), Gideon, Charles and John Mercer Langston (who\n         become the first president of Virginia State in 1886-1887.\n         Ralph Quarles had given his common law wife her freedom\n         earlier and all four of these children were born free between\n         the years of 1800-1829.","Maria Langston married early and her proud father gave her\n         a section of his farm as a wedding gift and also from her\n         father she recieved as her personal property her husband\n         Joseph Powell, who was a slave belonging to Ralph Quarles.\n         Maria Langston like other free blacks, (men and women) around\n         the state of Virginia were forced to hold their husbands and\n         or wives as their personal property in order to keep the\n         family unit together.","From this union came Robert Daniel's grandmother Lucinda,\n         who like her mother also married a slave and was forced to\n         hold him as her enslaved property. Charles Daniel, father of\n         Robert Daniel was born in 1845 in Louisa and until around 1870\n         lived with his father and learned his trade in shoemaking.","In 1871 he entered the Richmond Institute graduating from\n         the Normal Department in 1877 and its Academic Department in\n         1878. He studied law for one year at Howard University and\n         then accepted a teaching position in Danville, Virginia.","In 1888 he was invited to become the Secretary of Virginia\n         Normal and Collegiate Institute. It was here in the old\n         Virginia hall that Robert Daniel and all but one of the eight\n         Daniel children were born.","Robert P. Daniel graduated from Virginia Union University\n         in 1924. Later, he obtained his MA and his doctorate at\n         Teachers College. He also completed a post doctoral study in\n         Bible at the Union Theological Seminary in New York during the\n         summers of 1943 and 1946.","Robert Daniel began his career in higher education at\n         Virginia Union University in Richmond as an instructor in\n         mathematics in 1924. Concurrently, Dr. Daniel supervised the\n         establishment of the Norfolk division of Virginia Union\n         University which later became the Norfork division of Virginia\n         State College. He was named president of Shaw University in\n         1936 until 1950.","Dr. Daniel was elected president of Virginia State College\n         by the State Board of Education on December 15th 1949\n         following the death of Luther H. Foster.","Dr. Daniel was an active member of several state and\n         national professional organizations.","The Daniel Papers document primarly his becoming the\n         President of Shaw University in 1936 and Virginia State\n         University in 1950. There is also correspondence concerning\n         his activities with a national radio program \"Wings over\n         Jordan\" and with Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.In the daniel\n         papers are also some very interesting newsletters printed by\n         the \"Political Action Committee\" of the Petersburg Improvement\n         Association. These newsletters address the attempts to\n         desegrate public facilities in Petersburg.","There are no restrictions.","Personal and business\n         correspondence of the fifth President of Virginia State\n         University. Robert P. Daniel was one of the movers in\n         establishing what is now Norfolk State University. He was also\n         very involved in efforts to integrate the institutions of\n         higher learning in Virginia. Acc.#1976-16","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1920-1966"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"creator_ssm":["Robert Printiss\n         Daniel"],"creator_ssim":["Robert Printiss\n         Daniel"],"acqinfo_ssim":["A gift from the Daniel Family."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5,000\n         items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional information about Robert P. Daniels may be\n            found in the Virginia State University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Additional information about Robert P. Daniels may be\n            found in the Virginia State University Archives."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Correspondences 1926-1960 Some personal and\n         business correspondence of Robert P. Daniel. Most of the\n         correspondences has to do with Mr. Daniel's leaving Shaw\n         University to become the fifth President of Virginia State\n         College in 1949-1950. sub-series A. Personal Correspondence.\n         sub-series B. Buisness Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Organizations and Affiliations Sub-series A.\n         Alpha Phi Alpha Sub-Series B. Virginia Union Alumni\n         Association Sub-Series C. Class (1924)Reunions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Literary Speeches, Sermons and radio addresses\n         made by Robert P. Daniel from 1936-1966. speeches are arranged\n         by subject and location. Writings State Teachers Report.\n         sub-series A. speeches. sub- series B. Sermons. sub-series C.\n         writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Photographs. Sub-series A. Personal Sub-series\n         B. The International advisory Board on Liberia Sub-series C.\n         The Alpha Phi Apha Fraternity\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Printed. Sub-Series A. Programs and Flyers with\n         Meetings Attended by Robert Daniel. Sub-Series B. Awards and\n         Certificates Presented by Robert Daniel over a period of years\n         documenting his involvement in a number of organizations.\n         Sub-Series C. Virginia Union University Printed Items\n         generated by Virginia Union University which includes\n         programs, bullitens, and a short history of Virginia Union\n         University. D. Shaw Printed Items such as Bulletins, and other\n         programs E. The Sphinx F. . Degrees and Appointments. Earned\n         degrees for Robert Daniel and members of the Daniel and Taylor\n         Families. Included are appointments for Robert Daniel for\n         several commissions G. Newspapers. Several issues of Black\n         owned newspapers, which were published in North Carolina,\n         Virginia, Massachusetts, and New York. H. Newsclippings.\n         Newsclippings from a number of Newspaper mostly from Virginia\n         I.Civil Rights in Petersburg. Newsletters and Flyers\n         concerning some of the civil rights issues in Petersburg\n         during the 1960's\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Scrapbooks. Two Scrapbooks, The United States\n         Army Infantry Center and A testimonial in words and music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Artifacts Three Dimensional Items Awarded to or\n         collected by Robert Prentiss Daniel\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. Correspondences 1926-1960 Some personal and\n         business correspondence of Robert P. Daniel. Most of the\n         correspondences has to do with Mr. Daniel's leaving Shaw\n         University to become the fifth President of Virginia State\n         College in 1949-1950. sub-series A. Personal Correspondence.\n         sub-series B. Buisness Correspondence","Series II. Organizations and Affiliations Sub-series A.\n         Alpha Phi Alpha Sub-Series B. Virginia Union Alumni\n         Association Sub-Series C. Class (1924)Reunions","Series III. Literary Speeches, Sermons and radio addresses\n         made by Robert P. Daniel from 1936-1966. speeches are arranged\n         by subject and location. Writings State Teachers Report.\n         sub-series A. speeches. sub- series B. Sermons. sub-series C.\n         writings.","Series IV. Photographs. Sub-series A. Personal Sub-series\n         B. The International advisory Board on Liberia Sub-series C.\n         The Alpha Phi Apha Fraternity","Series V. Printed. Sub-Series A. Programs and Flyers with\n         Meetings Attended by Robert Daniel. Sub-Series B. Awards and\n         Certificates Presented by Robert Daniel over a period of years\n         documenting his involvement in a number of organizations.\n         Sub-Series C. Virginia Union University Printed Items\n         generated by Virginia Union University which includes\n         programs, bullitens, and a short history of Virginia Union\n         University. D. Shaw Printed Items such as Bulletins, and other\n         programs E. The Sphinx F. . Degrees and Appointments. Earned\n         degrees for Robert Daniel and members of the Daniel and Taylor\n         Families. Included are appointments for Robert Daniel for\n         several commissions G. Newspapers. Several issues of Black\n         owned newspapers, which were published in North Carolina,\n         Virginia, Massachusetts, and New York. H. Newsclippings.\n         Newsclippings from a number of Newspaper mostly from Virginia\n         I.Civil Rights in Petersburg. Newsletters and Flyers\n         concerning some of the civil rights issues in Petersburg\n         during the 1960's","Series VI. Scrapbooks. Two Scrapbooks, The United States\n         Army Infantry Center and A testimonial in words and music.","Series VII. Artifacts Three Dimensional Items Awarded to or\n         collected by Robert Prentiss Daniel"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert P. Daniel was elected to become the fifth president\n         of Virginia State University(then Virginia State College)in\n         December of 1949. He assumed his duties in February of 1950.\n         Mr. Daniel however was not a stranger to Virginia State,\n         having been born on the campus in 1902. This strange twist of\n         fate makes Robert P. Daniel the only President of a\n         state-supported institution who was born on the campus, which\n         he would later serve as chief administrator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe historical background, which explains, this unusual\n         occurrence lay in the origins of the Daniel Family. The roots\n         of this family began in Louisa County Virginia, with Lucy\n         Langston, Robert Daniel's great great grandmother, who was\n         described as being of African and Virginia Indian origins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLucy langston lived as the only wife of Ralph Quarles, a\n         white farmer and landholder in Louisa County. Although this\n         was not a legal union(black-white marriages had been outlawed\n         in Virginia in 1692), the two lived as man and wife for more\n         than thirty years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom this union came four children: Maria (Daniel's great\n         grandmother), Gideon, Charles and John Mercer Langston (who\n         become the first president of Virginia State in 1886-1887.\n         Ralph Quarles had given his common law wife her freedom\n         earlier and all four of these children were born free between\n         the years of 1800-1829.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaria Langston married early and her proud father gave her\n         a section of his farm as a wedding gift and also from her\n         father she recieved as her personal property her husband\n         Joseph Powell, who was a slave belonging to Ralph Quarles.\n         Maria Langston like other free blacks, (men and women) around\n         the state of Virginia were forced to hold their husbands and\n         or wives as their personal property in order to keep the\n         family unit together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom this union came Robert Daniel's grandmother Lucinda,\n         who like her mother also married a slave and was forced to\n         hold him as her enslaved property. Charles Daniel, father of\n         Robert Daniel was born in 1845 in Louisa and until around 1870\n         lived with his father and learned his trade in shoemaking.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1871 he entered the Richmond Institute graduating from\n         the Normal Department in 1877 and its Academic Department in\n         1878. He studied law for one year at Howard University and\n         then accepted a teaching position in Danville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1888 he was invited to become the Secretary of Virginia\n         Normal and Collegiate Institute. It was here in the old\n         Virginia hall that Robert Daniel and all but one of the eight\n         Daniel children were born.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert P. Daniel graduated from Virginia Union University\n         in 1924. Later, he obtained his MA and his doctorate at\n         Teachers College. He also completed a post doctoral study in\n         Bible at the Union Theological Seminary in New York during the\n         summers of 1943 and 1946.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert Daniel began his career in higher education at\n         Virginia Union University in Richmond as an instructor in\n         mathematics in 1924. Concurrently, Dr. Daniel supervised the\n         establishment of the Norfolk division of Virginia Union\n         University which later became the Norfork division of Virginia\n         State College. He was named president of Shaw University in\n         1936 until 1950.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Daniel was elected president of Virginia State College\n         by the State Board of Education on December 15th 1949\n         following the death of Luther H. Foster.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Daniel was an active member of several state and\n         national professional organizations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert P. Daniel was elected to become the fifth president\n         of Virginia State University(then Virginia State College)in\n         December of 1949. He assumed his duties in February of 1950.\n         Mr. Daniel however was not a stranger to Virginia State,\n         having been born on the campus in 1902. This strange twist of\n         fate makes Robert P. Daniel the only President of a\n         state-supported institution who was born on the campus, which\n         he would later serve as chief administrator.","The historical background, which explains, this unusual\n         occurrence lay in the origins of the Daniel Family. The roots\n         of this family began in Louisa County Virginia, with Lucy\n         Langston, Robert Daniel's great great grandmother, who was\n         described as being of African and Virginia Indian origins.","Lucy langston lived as the only wife of Ralph Quarles, a\n         white farmer and landholder in Louisa County. Although this\n         was not a legal union(black-white marriages had been outlawed\n         in Virginia in 1692), the two lived as man and wife for more\n         than thirty years.","From this union came four children: Maria (Daniel's great\n         grandmother), Gideon, Charles and John Mercer Langston (who\n         become the first president of Virginia State in 1886-1887.\n         Ralph Quarles had given his common law wife her freedom\n         earlier and all four of these children were born free between\n         the years of 1800-1829.","Maria Langston married early and her proud father gave her\n         a section of his farm as a wedding gift and also from her\n         father she recieved as her personal property her husband\n         Joseph Powell, who was a slave belonging to Ralph Quarles.\n         Maria Langston like other free blacks, (men and women) around\n         the state of Virginia were forced to hold their husbands and\n         or wives as their personal property in order to keep the\n         family unit together.","From this union came Robert Daniel's grandmother Lucinda,\n         who like her mother also married a slave and was forced to\n         hold him as her enslaved property. Charles Daniel, father of\n         Robert Daniel was born in 1845 in Louisa and until around 1870\n         lived with his father and learned his trade in shoemaking.","In 1871 he entered the Richmond Institute graduating from\n         the Normal Department in 1877 and its Academic Department in\n         1878. He studied law for one year at Howard University and\n         then accepted a teaching position in Danville, Virginia.","In 1888 he was invited to become the Secretary of Virginia\n         Normal and Collegiate Institute. It was here in the old\n         Virginia hall that Robert Daniel and all but one of the eight\n         Daniel children were born.","Robert P. Daniel graduated from Virginia Union University\n         in 1924. Later, he obtained his MA and his doctorate at\n         Teachers College. He also completed a post doctoral study in\n         Bible at the Union Theological Seminary in New York during the\n         summers of 1943 and 1946.","Robert Daniel began his career in higher education at\n         Virginia Union University in Richmond as an instructor in\n         mathematics in 1924. Concurrently, Dr. Daniel supervised the\n         establishment of the Norfolk division of Virginia Union\n         University which later became the Norfork division of Virginia\n         State College. He was named president of Shaw University in\n         1936 until 1950.","Dr. Daniel was elected president of Virginia State College\n         by the State Board of Education on December 15th 1949\n         following the death of Luther H. Foster.","Dr. Daniel was an active member of several state and\n         national professional organizations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Prentiss Daniel Papers, Accession # 1976-16,\n            Special Collections and University Archives, Johnston\n            Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg,\n            VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Robert Prentiss Daniel Papers, Accession # 1976-16,\n            Special Collections and University Archives, Johnston\n            Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg,\n            VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Daniel Papers document primarly his becoming the\n         President of Shaw University in 1936 and Virginia State\n         University in 1950. There is also correspondence concerning\n         his activities with a national radio program \"Wings over\n         Jordan\" and with Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.In the daniel\n         papers are also some very interesting newsletters printed by\n         the \"Political Action Committee\" of the Petersburg Improvement\n         Association. These newsletters address the attempts to\n         desegrate public facilities in Petersburg.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Daniel Papers document primarly his becoming the\n         President of Shaw University in 1936 and Virginia State\n         University in 1950. There is also correspondence concerning\n         his activities with a national radio program \"Wings over\n         Jordan\" and with Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.In the daniel\n         papers are also some very interesting newsletters printed by\n         the \"Political Action Committee\" of the Petersburg Improvement\n         Association. These newsletters address the attempts to\n         desegrate public facilities in Petersburg."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePersonal and business\n         correspondence of the fifth President of Virginia State\n         University. Robert P. Daniel was one of the movers in\n         establishing what is now Norfolk State University. He was also\n         very involved in efforts to integrate the institutions of\n         higher learning in Virginia. Acc.#1976-16\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Personal and business\n         correspondence of the fifth President of Virginia State\n         University. Robert P. Daniel was one of the movers in\n         establishing what is now Norfolk State University. He was also\n         very involved in efforts to integrate the institutions of\n         higher learning in Virginia. Acc.#1976-16"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":363,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:36.140Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00052","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00052","_root_":"vipets_vipets00052","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00052","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00052.xml","title_ssm":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966"],"title_tesim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1920-1966"],"text":["1920-1966","Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966","5,000\n         items","Additional information about Robert P. Daniels may be\n            found in the Virginia State University Archives.","Series I. Correspondences 1926-1960 Some personal and\n         business correspondence of Robert P. Daniel. Most of the\n         correspondences has to do with Mr. Daniel's leaving Shaw\n         University to become the fifth President of Virginia State\n         College in 1949-1950. sub-series A. Personal Correspondence.\n         sub-series B. Buisness Correspondence","Series II. Organizations and Affiliations Sub-series A.\n         Alpha Phi Alpha Sub-Series B. Virginia Union Alumni\n         Association Sub-Series C. Class (1924)Reunions","Series III. Literary Speeches, Sermons and radio addresses\n         made by Robert P. Daniel from 1936-1966. speeches are arranged\n         by subject and location. Writings State Teachers Report.\n         sub-series A. speeches. sub- series B. Sermons. sub-series C.\n         writings.","Series IV. Photographs. Sub-series A. Personal Sub-series\n         B. The International advisory Board on Liberia Sub-series C.\n         The Alpha Phi Apha Fraternity","Series V. Printed. Sub-Series A. Programs and Flyers with\n         Meetings Attended by Robert Daniel. Sub-Series B. Awards and\n         Certificates Presented by Robert Daniel over a period of years\n         documenting his involvement in a number of organizations.\n         Sub-Series C. Virginia Union University Printed Items\n         generated by Virginia Union University which includes\n         programs, bullitens, and a short history of Virginia Union\n         University. D. Shaw Printed Items such as Bulletins, and other\n         programs E. The Sphinx F. . Degrees and Appointments. Earned\n         degrees for Robert Daniel and members of the Daniel and Taylor\n         Families. Included are appointments for Robert Daniel for\n         several commissions G. Newspapers. Several issues of Black\n         owned newspapers, which were published in North Carolina,\n         Virginia, Massachusetts, and New York. H. Newsclippings.\n         Newsclippings from a number of Newspaper mostly from Virginia\n         I.Civil Rights in Petersburg. Newsletters and Flyers\n         concerning some of the civil rights issues in Petersburg\n         during the 1960's","Series VI. Scrapbooks. Two Scrapbooks, The United States\n         Army Infantry Center and A testimonial in words and music.","Series VII. Artifacts Three Dimensional Items Awarded to or\n         collected by Robert Prentiss Daniel","Robert P. Daniel was elected to become the fifth president\n         of Virginia State University(then Virginia State College)in\n         December of 1949. He assumed his duties in February of 1950.\n         Mr. Daniel however was not a stranger to Virginia State,\n         having been born on the campus in 1902. This strange twist of\n         fate makes Robert P. Daniel the only President of a\n         state-supported institution who was born on the campus, which\n         he would later serve as chief administrator.","The historical background, which explains, this unusual\n         occurrence lay in the origins of the Daniel Family. The roots\n         of this family began in Louisa County Virginia, with Lucy\n         Langston, Robert Daniel's great great grandmother, who was\n         described as being of African and Virginia Indian origins.","Lucy langston lived as the only wife of Ralph Quarles, a\n         white farmer and landholder in Louisa County. Although this\n         was not a legal union(black-white marriages had been outlawed\n         in Virginia in 1692), the two lived as man and wife for more\n         than thirty years.","From this union came four children: Maria (Daniel's great\n         grandmother), Gideon, Charles and John Mercer Langston (who\n         become the first president of Virginia State in 1886-1887.\n         Ralph Quarles had given his common law wife her freedom\n         earlier and all four of these children were born free between\n         the years of 1800-1829.","Maria Langston married early and her proud father gave her\n         a section of his farm as a wedding gift and also from her\n         father she recieved as her personal property her husband\n         Joseph Powell, who was a slave belonging to Ralph Quarles.\n         Maria Langston like other free blacks, (men and women) around\n         the state of Virginia were forced to hold their husbands and\n         or wives as their personal property in order to keep the\n         family unit together.","From this union came Robert Daniel's grandmother Lucinda,\n         who like her mother also married a slave and was forced to\n         hold him as her enslaved property. Charles Daniel, father of\n         Robert Daniel was born in 1845 in Louisa and until around 1870\n         lived with his father and learned his trade in shoemaking.","In 1871 he entered the Richmond Institute graduating from\n         the Normal Department in 1877 and its Academic Department in\n         1878. He studied law for one year at Howard University and\n         then accepted a teaching position in Danville, Virginia.","In 1888 he was invited to become the Secretary of Virginia\n         Normal and Collegiate Institute. It was here in the old\n         Virginia hall that Robert Daniel and all but one of the eight\n         Daniel children were born.","Robert P. Daniel graduated from Virginia Union University\n         in 1924. Later, he obtained his MA and his doctorate at\n         Teachers College. He also completed a post doctoral study in\n         Bible at the Union Theological Seminary in New York during the\n         summers of 1943 and 1946.","Robert Daniel began his career in higher education at\n         Virginia Union University in Richmond as an instructor in\n         mathematics in 1924. Concurrently, Dr. Daniel supervised the\n         establishment of the Norfolk division of Virginia Union\n         University which later became the Norfork division of Virginia\n         State College. He was named president of Shaw University in\n         1936 until 1950.","Dr. Daniel was elected president of Virginia State College\n         by the State Board of Education on December 15th 1949\n         following the death of Luther H. Foster.","Dr. Daniel was an active member of several state and\n         national professional organizations.","The Daniel Papers document primarly his becoming the\n         President of Shaw University in 1936 and Virginia State\n         University in 1950. There is also correspondence concerning\n         his activities with a national radio program \"Wings over\n         Jordan\" and with Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.In the daniel\n         papers are also some very interesting newsletters printed by\n         the \"Political Action Committee\" of the Petersburg Improvement\n         Association. These newsletters address the attempts to\n         desegrate public facilities in Petersburg.","There are no restrictions.","Personal and business\n         correspondence of the fifth President of Virginia State\n         University. Robert P. Daniel was one of the movers in\n         establishing what is now Norfolk State University. He was also\n         very involved in efforts to integrate the institutions of\n         higher learning in Virginia. Acc.#1976-16","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1920-1966"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Printiss Daniel \n         \n         1920-1966"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"creator_ssm":["Robert Printiss\n         Daniel"],"creator_ssim":["Robert Printiss\n         Daniel"],"acqinfo_ssim":["A gift from the Daniel Family."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5,000\n         items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional information about Robert P. Daniels may be\n            found in the Virginia State University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Additional information about Robert P. Daniels may be\n            found in the Virginia State University Archives."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Correspondences 1926-1960 Some personal and\n         business correspondence of Robert P. Daniel. Most of the\n         correspondences has to do with Mr. Daniel's leaving Shaw\n         University to become the fifth President of Virginia State\n         College in 1949-1950. sub-series A. Personal Correspondence.\n         sub-series B. Buisness Correspondence\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Organizations and Affiliations Sub-series A.\n         Alpha Phi Alpha Sub-Series B. Virginia Union Alumni\n         Association Sub-Series C. Class (1924)Reunions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Literary Speeches, Sermons and radio addresses\n         made by Robert P. Daniel from 1936-1966. speeches are arranged\n         by subject and location. Writings State Teachers Report.\n         sub-series A. speeches. sub- series B. Sermons. sub-series C.\n         writings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Photographs. Sub-series A. Personal Sub-series\n         B. The International advisory Board on Liberia Sub-series C.\n         The Alpha Phi Apha Fraternity\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Printed. Sub-Series A. Programs and Flyers with\n         Meetings Attended by Robert Daniel. Sub-Series B. Awards and\n         Certificates Presented by Robert Daniel over a period of years\n         documenting his involvement in a number of organizations.\n         Sub-Series C. Virginia Union University Printed Items\n         generated by Virginia Union University which includes\n         programs, bullitens, and a short history of Virginia Union\n         University. D. Shaw Printed Items such as Bulletins, and other\n         programs E. The Sphinx F. . Degrees and Appointments. Earned\n         degrees for Robert Daniel and members of the Daniel and Taylor\n         Families. Included are appointments for Robert Daniel for\n         several commissions G. Newspapers. Several issues of Black\n         owned newspapers, which were published in North Carolina,\n         Virginia, Massachusetts, and New York. H. Newsclippings.\n         Newsclippings from a number of Newspaper mostly from Virginia\n         I.Civil Rights in Petersburg. Newsletters and Flyers\n         concerning some of the civil rights issues in Petersburg\n         during the 1960's\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Scrapbooks. Two Scrapbooks, The United States\n         Army Infantry Center and A testimonial in words and music.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII. Artifacts Three Dimensional Items Awarded to or\n         collected by Robert Prentiss Daniel\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. Correspondences 1926-1960 Some personal and\n         business correspondence of Robert P. Daniel. Most of the\n         correspondences has to do with Mr. Daniel's leaving Shaw\n         University to become the fifth President of Virginia State\n         College in 1949-1950. sub-series A. Personal Correspondence.\n         sub-series B. Buisness Correspondence","Series II. Organizations and Affiliations Sub-series A.\n         Alpha Phi Alpha Sub-Series B. Virginia Union Alumni\n         Association Sub-Series C. Class (1924)Reunions","Series III. Literary Speeches, Sermons and radio addresses\n         made by Robert P. Daniel from 1936-1966. speeches are arranged\n         by subject and location. Writings State Teachers Report.\n         sub-series A. speeches. sub- series B. Sermons. sub-series C.\n         writings.","Series IV. Photographs. Sub-series A. Personal Sub-series\n         B. The International advisory Board on Liberia Sub-series C.\n         The Alpha Phi Apha Fraternity","Series V. Printed. Sub-Series A. Programs and Flyers with\n         Meetings Attended by Robert Daniel. Sub-Series B. Awards and\n         Certificates Presented by Robert Daniel over a period of years\n         documenting his involvement in a number of organizations.\n         Sub-Series C. Virginia Union University Printed Items\n         generated by Virginia Union University which includes\n         programs, bullitens, and a short history of Virginia Union\n         University. D. Shaw Printed Items such as Bulletins, and other\n         programs E. The Sphinx F. . Degrees and Appointments. Earned\n         degrees for Robert Daniel and members of the Daniel and Taylor\n         Families. Included are appointments for Robert Daniel for\n         several commissions G. Newspapers. Several issues of Black\n         owned newspapers, which were published in North Carolina,\n         Virginia, Massachusetts, and New York. H. Newsclippings.\n         Newsclippings from a number of Newspaper mostly from Virginia\n         I.Civil Rights in Petersburg. Newsletters and Flyers\n         concerning some of the civil rights issues in Petersburg\n         during the 1960's","Series VI. Scrapbooks. Two Scrapbooks, The United States\n         Army Infantry Center and A testimonial in words and music.","Series VII. Artifacts Three Dimensional Items Awarded to or\n         collected by Robert Prentiss Daniel"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert P. Daniel was elected to become the fifth president\n         of Virginia State University(then Virginia State College)in\n         December of 1949. He assumed his duties in February of 1950.\n         Mr. Daniel however was not a stranger to Virginia State,\n         having been born on the campus in 1902. This strange twist of\n         fate makes Robert P. Daniel the only President of a\n         state-supported institution who was born on the campus, which\n         he would later serve as chief administrator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe historical background, which explains, this unusual\n         occurrence lay in the origins of the Daniel Family. The roots\n         of this family began in Louisa County Virginia, with Lucy\n         Langston, Robert Daniel's great great grandmother, who was\n         described as being of African and Virginia Indian origins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLucy langston lived as the only wife of Ralph Quarles, a\n         white farmer and landholder in Louisa County. Although this\n         was not a legal union(black-white marriages had been outlawed\n         in Virginia in 1692), the two lived as man and wife for more\n         than thirty years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom this union came four children: Maria (Daniel's great\n         grandmother), Gideon, Charles and John Mercer Langston (who\n         become the first president of Virginia State in 1886-1887.\n         Ralph Quarles had given his common law wife her freedom\n         earlier and all four of these children were born free between\n         the years of 1800-1829.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaria Langston married early and her proud father gave her\n         a section of his farm as a wedding gift and also from her\n         father she recieved as her personal property her husband\n         Joseph Powell, who was a slave belonging to Ralph Quarles.\n         Maria Langston like other free blacks, (men and women) around\n         the state of Virginia were forced to hold their husbands and\n         or wives as their personal property in order to keep the\n         family unit together.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom this union came Robert Daniel's grandmother Lucinda,\n         who like her mother also married a slave and was forced to\n         hold him as her enslaved property. Charles Daniel, father of\n         Robert Daniel was born in 1845 in Louisa and until around 1870\n         lived with his father and learned his trade in shoemaking.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1871 he entered the Richmond Institute graduating from\n         the Normal Department in 1877 and its Academic Department in\n         1878. He studied law for one year at Howard University and\n         then accepted a teaching position in Danville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1888 he was invited to become the Secretary of Virginia\n         Normal and Collegiate Institute. It was here in the old\n         Virginia hall that Robert Daniel and all but one of the eight\n         Daniel children were born.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert P. Daniel graduated from Virginia Union University\n         in 1924. Later, he obtained his MA and his doctorate at\n         Teachers College. He also completed a post doctoral study in\n         Bible at the Union Theological Seminary in New York during the\n         summers of 1943 and 1946.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert Daniel began his career in higher education at\n         Virginia Union University in Richmond as an instructor in\n         mathematics in 1924. Concurrently, Dr. Daniel supervised the\n         establishment of the Norfolk division of Virginia Union\n         University which later became the Norfork division of Virginia\n         State College. He was named president of Shaw University in\n         1936 until 1950.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Daniel was elected president of Virginia State College\n         by the State Board of Education on December 15th 1949\n         following the death of Luther H. Foster.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Daniel was an active member of several state and\n         national professional organizations.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert P. Daniel was elected to become the fifth president\n         of Virginia State University(then Virginia State College)in\n         December of 1949. He assumed his duties in February of 1950.\n         Mr. Daniel however was not a stranger to Virginia State,\n         having been born on the campus in 1902. This strange twist of\n         fate makes Robert P. Daniel the only President of a\n         state-supported institution who was born on the campus, which\n         he would later serve as chief administrator.","The historical background, which explains, this unusual\n         occurrence lay in the origins of the Daniel Family. The roots\n         of this family began in Louisa County Virginia, with Lucy\n         Langston, Robert Daniel's great great grandmother, who was\n         described as being of African and Virginia Indian origins.","Lucy langston lived as the only wife of Ralph Quarles, a\n         white farmer and landholder in Louisa County. Although this\n         was not a legal union(black-white marriages had been outlawed\n         in Virginia in 1692), the two lived as man and wife for more\n         than thirty years.","From this union came four children: Maria (Daniel's great\n         grandmother), Gideon, Charles and John Mercer Langston (who\n         become the first president of Virginia State in 1886-1887.\n         Ralph Quarles had given his common law wife her freedom\n         earlier and all four of these children were born free between\n         the years of 1800-1829.","Maria Langston married early and her proud father gave her\n         a section of his farm as a wedding gift and also from her\n         father she recieved as her personal property her husband\n         Joseph Powell, who was a slave belonging to Ralph Quarles.\n         Maria Langston like other free blacks, (men and women) around\n         the state of Virginia were forced to hold their husbands and\n         or wives as their personal property in order to keep the\n         family unit together.","From this union came Robert Daniel's grandmother Lucinda,\n         who like her mother also married a slave and was forced to\n         hold him as her enslaved property. Charles Daniel, father of\n         Robert Daniel was born in 1845 in Louisa and until around 1870\n         lived with his father and learned his trade in shoemaking.","In 1871 he entered the Richmond Institute graduating from\n         the Normal Department in 1877 and its Academic Department in\n         1878. He studied law for one year at Howard University and\n         then accepted a teaching position in Danville, Virginia.","In 1888 he was invited to become the Secretary of Virginia\n         Normal and Collegiate Institute. It was here in the old\n         Virginia hall that Robert Daniel and all but one of the eight\n         Daniel children were born.","Robert P. Daniel graduated from Virginia Union University\n         in 1924. Later, he obtained his MA and his doctorate at\n         Teachers College. He also completed a post doctoral study in\n         Bible at the Union Theological Seminary in New York during the\n         summers of 1943 and 1946.","Robert Daniel began his career in higher education at\n         Virginia Union University in Richmond as an instructor in\n         mathematics in 1924. Concurrently, Dr. Daniel supervised the\n         establishment of the Norfolk division of Virginia Union\n         University which later became the Norfork division of Virginia\n         State College. He was named president of Shaw University in\n         1936 until 1950.","Dr. Daniel was elected president of Virginia State College\n         by the State Board of Education on December 15th 1949\n         following the death of Luther H. Foster.","Dr. Daniel was an active member of several state and\n         national professional organizations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Prentiss Daniel Papers, Accession # 1976-16,\n            Special Collections and University Archives, Johnston\n            Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg,\n            VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Robert Prentiss Daniel Papers, Accession # 1976-16,\n            Special Collections and University Archives, Johnston\n            Memorial Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg,\n            VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Daniel Papers document primarly his becoming the\n         President of Shaw University in 1936 and Virginia State\n         University in 1950. There is also correspondence concerning\n         his activities with a national radio program \"Wings over\n         Jordan\" and with Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.In the daniel\n         papers are also some very interesting newsletters printed by\n         the \"Political Action Committee\" of the Petersburg Improvement\n         Association. These newsletters address the attempts to\n         desegrate public facilities in Petersburg.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Daniel Papers document primarly his becoming the\n         President of Shaw University in 1936 and Virginia State\n         University in 1950. There is also correspondence concerning\n         his activities with a national radio program \"Wings over\n         Jordan\" and with Alpha Phi Alpha fraternity.In the daniel\n         papers are also some very interesting newsletters printed by\n         the \"Political Action Committee\" of the Petersburg Improvement\n         Association. These newsletters address the attempts to\n         desegrate public facilities in Petersburg."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003ePersonal and business\n         correspondence of the fifth President of Virginia State\n         University. Robert P. Daniel was one of the movers in\n         establishing what is now Norfolk State University. He was also\n         very involved in efforts to integrate the institutions of\n         higher learning in Virginia. Acc.#1976-16\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Personal and business\n         correspondence of the fifth President of Virginia State\n         University. Robert P. Daniel was one of the movers in\n         establishing what is now Norfolk State University. He was also\n         very involved in efforts to integrate the institutions of\n         higher learning in Virginia. Acc.#1976-16"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":363,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:36.140Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00052"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00019","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00019#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Roy Hines","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00019#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Mr. Hines is the youngest person in history to have served on the Petersburg City council. These papers address the issue of the United Virginia Bank making loans to the government of South Africa. Correspondence. Acc. #1985-49","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00019#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vipets_vipets00019","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00019","_root_":"vipets_vipets00019","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00019","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00019.xml","title_ssm":["Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974"],"title_tesim":["Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1972-1974"],"text":["1972-1974","Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974","10 items","There are no restrictions.","Series I. General Correspondence 1972-1974 Correspondence\n         documenting Mr. Hines efforts to get the City of Petersburg to\n         divest all funds invested or deposited in any bank connected\n         with South Africa.","Series II. Printed. A number of news clippings and other\n         printed matter mostly having to do with South Africa.","Roy \"Omowole\" Hines was born in Petersburg, Virginia in\n         1949. He was a graduate of Peabody High School, Class of 1966.\n         Mr. Hines attended Norfolk University and later graduated from\n         Syracuse University, Syracuse New York.","Mr. Hines became interested in politics and in 1972 was\n         elected to a two year term on the Petersburg City council.\n         During his term he worked with the local chapters of the NAACP\n         and SCLC on a number of projects.","Mr. Hines was the founder and organizer of the Up Rising\n         Project Inc. and the wretched of the Earth Homeless Program,\n         Atlanta, Georgia. Mr. Hines died June 2, 1998 in Atlanta.","Roy Hines was one of the active citizens of Petersburg\n         during his short life. In 1972 Mr. Hines became the youngest\n         person ever to be elected to the Petersburg City council. His\n         papers although not voluminous provide insight to his consumes\n         regarding both the city and state of African Americans in\n         Petersburg and South Africa in particular.","There are no restrictions.","Mr. Hines is the youngest person in\n         history to have served on the Petersburg City council. These\n         papers address the issue of the United Virginia Bank making\n         loans to the government of South Africa. Correspondence. Acc.\n         #1985-49","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1972-1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974"],"collection_title_tesim":["Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974"],"collection_ssim":["Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"creator_ssm":["Roy Hines"],"creator_ssim":["Roy Hines"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["10 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. General Correspondence 1972-1974 Correspondence\n         documenting Mr. Hines efforts to get the City of Petersburg to\n         divest all funds invested or deposited in any bank connected\n         with South Africa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Printed. A number of news clippings and other\n         printed matter mostly having to do with South Africa.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. General Correspondence 1972-1974 Correspondence\n         documenting Mr. Hines efforts to get the City of Petersburg to\n         divest all funds invested or deposited in any bank connected\n         with South Africa.","Series II. Printed. A number of news clippings and other\n         printed matter mostly having to do with South Africa."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRoy \"Omowole\" Hines was born in Petersburg, Virginia in\n         1949. He was a graduate of Peabody High School, Class of 1966.\n         Mr. Hines attended Norfolk University and later graduated from\n         Syracuse University, Syracuse New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Hines became interested in politics and in 1972 was\n         elected to a two year term on the Petersburg City council.\n         During his term he worked with the local chapters of the NAACP\n         and SCLC on a number of projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Hines was the founder and organizer of the Up Rising\n         Project Inc. and the wretched of the Earth Homeless Program,\n         Atlanta, Georgia. Mr. Hines died June 2, 1998 in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Roy \"Omowole\" Hines was born in Petersburg, Virginia in\n         1949. He was a graduate of Peabody High School, Class of 1966.\n         Mr. Hines attended Norfolk University and later graduated from\n         Syracuse University, Syracuse New York.","Mr. Hines became interested in politics and in 1972 was\n         elected to a two year term on the Petersburg City council.\n         During his term he worked with the local chapters of the NAACP\n         and SCLC on a number of projects.","Mr. Hines was the founder and organizer of the Up Rising\n         Project Inc. and the wretched of the Earth Homeless Program,\n         Atlanta, Georgia. Mr. Hines died June 2, 1998 in Atlanta."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRoy Hines Papers, 1985-49, Special Collections and\n            Archives, Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State\n            University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Roy Hines Papers, 1985-49, Special Collections and\n            Archives, Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State\n            University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRoy Hines was one of the active citizens of Petersburg\n         during his short life. In 1972 Mr. Hines became the youngest\n         person ever to be elected to the Petersburg City council. His\n         papers although not voluminous provide insight to his consumes\n         regarding both the city and state of African Americans in\n         Petersburg and South Africa in particular.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Roy Hines was one of the active citizens of Petersburg\n         during his short life. In 1972 Mr. Hines became the youngest\n         person ever to be elected to the Petersburg City council. His\n         papers although not voluminous provide insight to his consumes\n         regarding both the city and state of African Americans in\n         Petersburg and South Africa in particular."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMr. Hines is the youngest person in\n         history to have served on the Petersburg City council. These\n         papers address the issue of the United Virginia Bank making\n         loans to the government of South Africa. Correspondence. Acc.\n         #1985-49\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Mr. Hines is the youngest person in\n         history to have served on the Petersburg City council. These\n         papers address the issue of the United Virginia Bank making\n         loans to the government of South Africa. Correspondence. Acc.\n         #1985-49"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:07.109Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00019","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00019","_root_":"vipets_vipets00019","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00019","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00019.xml","title_ssm":["Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974"],"title_tesim":["Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1972-1974"],"text":["1972-1974","Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974","10 items","There are no restrictions.","Series I. General Correspondence 1972-1974 Correspondence\n         documenting Mr. Hines efforts to get the City of Petersburg to\n         divest all funds invested or deposited in any bank connected\n         with South Africa.","Series II. Printed. A number of news clippings and other\n         printed matter mostly having to do with South Africa.","Roy \"Omowole\" Hines was born in Petersburg, Virginia in\n         1949. He was a graduate of Peabody High School, Class of 1966.\n         Mr. Hines attended Norfolk University and later graduated from\n         Syracuse University, Syracuse New York.","Mr. Hines became interested in politics and in 1972 was\n         elected to a two year term on the Petersburg City council.\n         During his term he worked with the local chapters of the NAACP\n         and SCLC on a number of projects.","Mr. Hines was the founder and organizer of the Up Rising\n         Project Inc. and the wretched of the Earth Homeless Program,\n         Atlanta, Georgia. Mr. Hines died June 2, 1998 in Atlanta.","Roy Hines was one of the active citizens of Petersburg\n         during his short life. In 1972 Mr. Hines became the youngest\n         person ever to be elected to the Petersburg City council. His\n         papers although not voluminous provide insight to his consumes\n         regarding both the city and state of African Americans in\n         Petersburg and South Africa in particular.","There are no restrictions.","Mr. Hines is the youngest person in\n         history to have served on the Petersburg City council. These\n         papers address the issue of the United Virginia Bank making\n         loans to the government of South Africa. Correspondence. Acc.\n         #1985-49","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1972-1974"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974"],"collection_title_tesim":["Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974"],"collection_ssim":["Roy Hines Papers, \n         \n         1972-1974"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"creator_ssm":["Roy Hines"],"creator_ssim":["Roy Hines"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["10 items"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries I. General Correspondence 1972-1974 Correspondence\n         documenting Mr. Hines efforts to get the City of Petersburg to\n         divest all funds invested or deposited in any bank connected\n         with South Africa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Printed. A number of news clippings and other\n         printed matter mostly having to do with South Africa.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Series Description"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I. General Correspondence 1972-1974 Correspondence\n         documenting Mr. Hines efforts to get the City of Petersburg to\n         divest all funds invested or deposited in any bank connected\n         with South Africa.","Series II. Printed. A number of news clippings and other\n         printed matter mostly having to do with South Africa."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRoy \"Omowole\" Hines was born in Petersburg, Virginia in\n         1949. He was a graduate of Peabody High School, Class of 1966.\n         Mr. Hines attended Norfolk University and later graduated from\n         Syracuse University, Syracuse New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Hines became interested in politics and in 1972 was\n         elected to a two year term on the Petersburg City council.\n         During his term he worked with the local chapters of the NAACP\n         and SCLC on a number of projects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Hines was the founder and organizer of the Up Rising\n         Project Inc. and the wretched of the Earth Homeless Program,\n         Atlanta, Georgia. Mr. Hines died June 2, 1998 in Atlanta.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Roy \"Omowole\" Hines was born in Petersburg, Virginia in\n         1949. He was a graduate of Peabody High School, Class of 1966.\n         Mr. Hines attended Norfolk University and later graduated from\n         Syracuse University, Syracuse New York.","Mr. Hines became interested in politics and in 1972 was\n         elected to a two year term on the Petersburg City council.\n         During his term he worked with the local chapters of the NAACP\n         and SCLC on a number of projects.","Mr. Hines was the founder and organizer of the Up Rising\n         Project Inc. and the wretched of the Earth Homeless Program,\n         Atlanta, Georgia. Mr. Hines died June 2, 1998 in Atlanta."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRoy Hines Papers, 1985-49, Special Collections and\n            Archives, Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State\n            University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Roy Hines Papers, 1985-49, Special Collections and\n            Archives, Johnston Memorial Library, Virginia State\n            University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRoy Hines was one of the active citizens of Petersburg\n         during his short life. In 1972 Mr. Hines became the youngest\n         person ever to be elected to the Petersburg City council. His\n         papers although not voluminous provide insight to his consumes\n         regarding both the city and state of African Americans in\n         Petersburg and South Africa in particular.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Roy Hines was one of the active citizens of Petersburg\n         during his short life. In 1972 Mr. Hines became the youngest\n         person ever to be elected to the Petersburg City council. His\n         papers although not voluminous provide insight to his consumes\n         regarding both the city and state of African Americans in\n         Petersburg and South Africa in particular."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMr. Hines is the youngest person in\n         history to have served on the Petersburg City council. These\n         papers address the issue of the United Virginia Bank making\n         loans to the government of South Africa. Correspondence. Acc.\n         #1985-49\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Mr. Hines is the youngest person in\n         history to have served on the Petersburg City council. These\n         papers address the issue of the United Virginia Bank making\n         loans to the government of South Africa. Correspondence. Acc.\n         #1985-49"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:18:07.109Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00019"}},{"id":"vipets_vipets00010","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00010#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains personal, business, and agricultural records of a white farmer from Matoca in Chesterfield County, Va. Included are a number of thorough diaries detailing his daily activities.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00010#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vipets_vipets00010","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00010","_root_":"vipets_vipets00010","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00010","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00010.xml","title_ssm":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914"],"title_tesim":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1959-6"],"text":["1959-6","Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914","There are ca. 200\n         items in this collection.","There are no restrictions.","SERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE \n          Letters and postcards, all having to do with personal\n         and business matters. Arranged chronologically 1874-1914. Some\n         material about school. (Container 1) \n          SERIES II. FINANCIAL \n          Personal and tax receipts arranged by type, 1871-1892.\n         (Container 1) \n          SERIES III. SURVEYS \n          Land surveys for two schools, one located on river Road,\n         the other in Clover hill, 1884. (Container 1) \n          SERIES IV. LEGAL DOCUMENTS \n          Copy of promotion order for Emmett J. Mann from second\n         Lt. To first Lt., Army of Northern Virginia, 1863. (Container\n         1) \n          SERIES V. BUSINESS RECORDS \n          Records of wages paid in 1879. (Container 1) \n          SERIES VI. PRINTED \n          Red Man Certificate. (Container 1) \n          SERIES VII. DIARIES \n          Eight boxes of diaries concerning a time period from\n         1869-1914, the diaries are a record of life in the village of\n         Matoaca concerning mostly, farming practices, home life, some\n         political observations and some information concerning the\n         black community. (Containers 2-9)","Samuel A. Mann was born in Matoaca, Virginia in 1842. He\n         grew up on a small tract of land that the family farmed. The\n         Mann's were not slave holders and according to the 1860 United\n         States Census, Samuel Mann's father Randolph was a\n         Millwright.","In January 1862 Samuel Mann left home and joined the\n         Southside Heavy Artillery unit of Virginia Volunteer. This\n         unit was made up exclusively of men from Chesterfield County\n         Virginia. In February Mann was elected Third Corporal. Samuel\n         Mann served in the Confederate Army for three years. During\n         that time he was involved in a number of battles including\n         \"Drewery's Bluff\" which was fought in May of 1862. Samuel Mann\n         remained in the military until he was paroled at Appomattox in\n         1865. Samuel Mann returned to Matoaca and the family farm in\n         the spring of 1865. In 1870 Samuel Mann was elected tax\n         assessor in the village of Matoaca. During the next thirty\n         years Samuel Mann held a number of elected and appointed\n         positions in Chesterfield County Virginia.","This collection contains a number of diaries detailing\n         Samuel A. Mann's daily activities, his work as a county\n         assessor, and other activities in the village of Matoaca.\n         There is some material that couments the African- American\n         population and, in particular, political activities and land\n         holdings.","Account book, also includes 1874,1878,1880","Includes some 1890, also statements of accounts,\n                  1887-1888","There are no restrictions.","This collection contains personal,\n         business, and agricultural records of a white farmer from\n         Matoca in Chesterfield County, Va. Included are a number of\n         thorough diaries detailing his daily activities.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1959-6"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914"],"collection_title_tesim":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914"],"collection_ssim":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift to Virginia State University by Charles E. Mann in\n            1959."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["There are ca. 200\n         items in this collection."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eLetters and postcards, all having to do with personal\n         and business matters. Arranged chronologically 1874-1914. Some\n         material about school. (Container 1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES II. FINANCIAL \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ePersonal and tax receipts arranged by type, 1871-1892.\n         (Container 1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES III. SURVEYS \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eLand surveys for two schools, one located on river Road,\n         the other in Clover hill, 1884. (Container 1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES IV. LEGAL DOCUMENTS \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eCopy of promotion order for Emmett J. Mann from second\n         Lt. To first Lt., Army of Northern Virginia, 1863. (Container\n         1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES V. BUSINESS RECORDS \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eRecords of wages paid in 1879. (Container 1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES VI. PRINTED \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eRed Man Certificate. (Container 1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES VII. DIARIES \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEight boxes of diaries concerning a time period from\n         1869-1914, the diaries are a record of life in the village of\n         Matoaca concerning mostly, farming practices, home life, some\n         political observations and some information concerning the\n         black community. (Containers 2-9)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["SERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE \n          Letters and postcards, all having to do with personal\n         and business matters. Arranged chronologically 1874-1914. Some\n         material about school. (Container 1) \n          SERIES II. FINANCIAL \n          Personal and tax receipts arranged by type, 1871-1892.\n         (Container 1) \n          SERIES III. SURVEYS \n          Land surveys for two schools, one located on river Road,\n         the other in Clover hill, 1884. (Container 1) \n          SERIES IV. LEGAL DOCUMENTS \n          Copy of promotion order for Emmett J. Mann from second\n         Lt. To first Lt., Army of Northern Virginia, 1863. (Container\n         1) \n          SERIES V. BUSINESS RECORDS \n          Records of wages paid in 1879. (Container 1) \n          SERIES VI. PRINTED \n          Red Man Certificate. (Container 1) \n          SERIES VII. DIARIES \n          Eight boxes of diaries concerning a time period from\n         1869-1914, the diaries are a record of life in the village of\n         Matoaca concerning mostly, farming practices, home life, some\n         political observations and some information concerning the\n         black community. (Containers 2-9)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel A. Mann was born in Matoaca, Virginia in 1842. He\n         grew up on a small tract of land that the family farmed. The\n         Mann's were not slave holders and according to the 1860 United\n         States Census, Samuel Mann's father Randolph was a\n         Millwright.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn January 1862 Samuel Mann left home and joined the\n         Southside Heavy Artillery unit of Virginia Volunteer. This\n         unit was made up exclusively of men from Chesterfield County\n         Virginia. In February Mann was elected Third Corporal. Samuel\n         Mann served in the Confederate Army for three years. During\n         that time he was involved in a number of battles including\n         \"Drewery's Bluff\" which was fought in May of 1862. Samuel Mann\n         remained in the military until he was paroled at Appomattox in\n         1865. Samuel Mann returned to Matoaca and the family farm in\n         the spring of 1865. In 1870 Samuel Mann was elected tax\n         assessor in the village of Matoaca. During the next thirty\n         years Samuel Mann held a number of elected and appointed\n         positions in Chesterfield County Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Samuel A. Mann was born in Matoaca, Virginia in 1842. He\n         grew up on a small tract of land that the family farmed. The\n         Mann's were not slave holders and according to the 1860 United\n         States Census, Samuel Mann's father Randolph was a\n         Millwright.","In January 1862 Samuel Mann left home and joined the\n         Southside Heavy Artillery unit of Virginia Volunteer. This\n         unit was made up exclusively of men from Chesterfield County\n         Virginia. In February Mann was elected Third Corporal. Samuel\n         Mann served in the Confederate Army for three years. During\n         that time he was involved in a number of battles including\n         \"Drewery's Bluff\" which was fought in May of 1862. Samuel Mann\n         remained in the military until he was paroled at Appomattox in\n         1865. Samuel Mann returned to Matoaca and the family farm in\n         the spring of 1865. In 1870 Samuel Mann was elected tax\n         assessor in the village of Matoaca. During the next thirty\n         years Samuel Mann held a number of elected and appointed\n         positions in Chesterfield County Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel A. Mann Papers, 1863, 1914, Accession #1959-6,\n            Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n            Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, 1863, 1914, Accession #1959-6,\n            Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n            Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a number of diaries detailing\n         Samuel A. Mann's daily activities, his work as a county\n         assessor, and other activities in the village of Matoaca.\n         There is some material that couments the African- American\n         population and, in particular, political activities and land\n         holdings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount book, also includes 1874,1878,1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes some 1890, also statements of accounts,\n                  1887-1888\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a number of diaries detailing\n         Samuel A. Mann's daily activities, his work as a county\n         assessor, and other activities in the village of Matoaca.\n         There is some material that couments the African- American\n         population and, in particular, political activities and land\n         holdings.","Account book, also includes 1874,1878,1880","Includes some 1890, also statements of accounts,\n                  1887-1888"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains personal,\n         business, and agricultural records of a white farmer from\n         Matoca in Chesterfield County, Va. Included are a number of\n         thorough diaries detailing his daily activities.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains personal,\n         business, and agricultural records of a white farmer from\n         Matoca in Chesterfield County, Va. Included are a number of\n         thorough diaries detailing his daily activities."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":89,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:22:00.819Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vipets_vipets00010","ead_ssi":"vipets_vipets00010","_root_":"vipets_vipets00010","_nest_parent_":"vipets_vipets00010","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/vsu/vipets00010.xml","title_ssm":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914"],"title_tesim":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1959-6"],"text":["1959-6","Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914","There are ca. 200\n         items in this collection.","There are no restrictions.","SERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE \n          Letters and postcards, all having to do with personal\n         and business matters. Arranged chronologically 1874-1914. Some\n         material about school. (Container 1) \n          SERIES II. FINANCIAL \n          Personal and tax receipts arranged by type, 1871-1892.\n         (Container 1) \n          SERIES III. SURVEYS \n          Land surveys for two schools, one located on river Road,\n         the other in Clover hill, 1884. (Container 1) \n          SERIES IV. LEGAL DOCUMENTS \n          Copy of promotion order for Emmett J. Mann from second\n         Lt. To first Lt., Army of Northern Virginia, 1863. (Container\n         1) \n          SERIES V. BUSINESS RECORDS \n          Records of wages paid in 1879. (Container 1) \n          SERIES VI. PRINTED \n          Red Man Certificate. (Container 1) \n          SERIES VII. DIARIES \n          Eight boxes of diaries concerning a time period from\n         1869-1914, the diaries are a record of life in the village of\n         Matoaca concerning mostly, farming practices, home life, some\n         political observations and some information concerning the\n         black community. (Containers 2-9)","Samuel A. Mann was born in Matoaca, Virginia in 1842. He\n         grew up on a small tract of land that the family farmed. The\n         Mann's were not slave holders and according to the 1860 United\n         States Census, Samuel Mann's father Randolph was a\n         Millwright.","In January 1862 Samuel Mann left home and joined the\n         Southside Heavy Artillery unit of Virginia Volunteer. This\n         unit was made up exclusively of men from Chesterfield County\n         Virginia. In February Mann was elected Third Corporal. Samuel\n         Mann served in the Confederate Army for three years. During\n         that time he was involved in a number of battles including\n         \"Drewery's Bluff\" which was fought in May of 1862. Samuel Mann\n         remained in the military until he was paroled at Appomattox in\n         1865. Samuel Mann returned to Matoaca and the family farm in\n         the spring of 1865. In 1870 Samuel Mann was elected tax\n         assessor in the village of Matoaca. During the next thirty\n         years Samuel Mann held a number of elected and appointed\n         positions in Chesterfield County Virginia.","This collection contains a number of diaries detailing\n         Samuel A. Mann's daily activities, his work as a county\n         assessor, and other activities in the village of Matoaca.\n         There is some material that couments the African- American\n         population and, in particular, political activities and land\n         holdings.","Account book, also includes 1874,1878,1880","Includes some 1890, also statements of accounts,\n                  1887-1888","There are no restrictions.","This collection contains personal,\n         business, and agricultural records of a white farmer from\n         Matoca in Chesterfield County, Va. Included are a number of\n         thorough diaries detailing his daily activities.","English"],"unitid_tesim":["1959-6"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914"],"collection_title_tesim":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914"],"collection_ssim":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, \n         1863,\n         1914"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia State University"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift to Virginia State University by Charles E. Mann in\n            1959."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["There are ca. 200\n         items in this collection."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eLetters and postcards, all having to do with personal\n         and business matters. Arranged chronologically 1874-1914. Some\n         material about school. (Container 1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES II. FINANCIAL \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003ePersonal and tax receipts arranged by type, 1871-1892.\n         (Container 1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES III. SURVEYS \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eLand surveys for two schools, one located on river Road,\n         the other in Clover hill, 1884. (Container 1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES IV. LEGAL DOCUMENTS \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eCopy of promotion order for Emmett J. Mann from second\n         Lt. To first Lt., Army of Northern Virginia, 1863. (Container\n         1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES V. BUSINESS RECORDS \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eRecords of wages paid in 1879. (Container 1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES VI. PRINTED \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eRed Man Certificate. (Container 1) \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eSERIES VII. DIARIES \n         \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003eEight boxes of diaries concerning a time period from\n         1869-1914, the diaries are a record of life in the village of\n         Matoaca concerning mostly, farming practices, home life, some\n         political observations and some information concerning the\n         black community. (Containers 2-9)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Organization"],"arrangement_tesim":["SERIES I. CORRESPONDENCE \n          Letters and postcards, all having to do with personal\n         and business matters. Arranged chronologically 1874-1914. Some\n         material about school. (Container 1) \n          SERIES II. FINANCIAL \n          Personal and tax receipts arranged by type, 1871-1892.\n         (Container 1) \n          SERIES III. SURVEYS \n          Land surveys for two schools, one located on river Road,\n         the other in Clover hill, 1884. (Container 1) \n          SERIES IV. LEGAL DOCUMENTS \n          Copy of promotion order for Emmett J. Mann from second\n         Lt. To first Lt., Army of Northern Virginia, 1863. (Container\n         1) \n          SERIES V. BUSINESS RECORDS \n          Records of wages paid in 1879. (Container 1) \n          SERIES VI. PRINTED \n          Red Man Certificate. (Container 1) \n          SERIES VII. DIARIES \n          Eight boxes of diaries concerning a time period from\n         1869-1914, the diaries are a record of life in the village of\n         Matoaca concerning mostly, farming practices, home life, some\n         political observations and some information concerning the\n         black community. (Containers 2-9)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel A. Mann was born in Matoaca, Virginia in 1842. He\n         grew up on a small tract of land that the family farmed. The\n         Mann's were not slave holders and according to the 1860 United\n         States Census, Samuel Mann's father Randolph was a\n         Millwright.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn January 1862 Samuel Mann left home and joined the\n         Southside Heavy Artillery unit of Virginia Volunteer. This\n         unit was made up exclusively of men from Chesterfield County\n         Virginia. In February Mann was elected Third Corporal. Samuel\n         Mann served in the Confederate Army for three years. During\n         that time he was involved in a number of battles including\n         \"Drewery's Bluff\" which was fought in May of 1862. Samuel Mann\n         remained in the military until he was paroled at Appomattox in\n         1865. Samuel Mann returned to Matoaca and the family farm in\n         the spring of 1865. In 1870 Samuel Mann was elected tax\n         assessor in the village of Matoaca. During the next thirty\n         years Samuel Mann held a number of elected and appointed\n         positions in Chesterfield County Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Samuel A. Mann was born in Matoaca, Virginia in 1842. He\n         grew up on a small tract of land that the family farmed. The\n         Mann's were not slave holders and according to the 1860 United\n         States Census, Samuel Mann's father Randolph was a\n         Millwright.","In January 1862 Samuel Mann left home and joined the\n         Southside Heavy Artillery unit of Virginia Volunteer. This\n         unit was made up exclusively of men from Chesterfield County\n         Virginia. In February Mann was elected Third Corporal. Samuel\n         Mann served in the Confederate Army for three years. During\n         that time he was involved in a number of battles including\n         \"Drewery's Bluff\" which was fought in May of 1862. Samuel Mann\n         remained in the military until he was paroled at Appomattox in\n         1865. Samuel Mann returned to Matoaca and the family farm in\n         the spring of 1865. In 1870 Samuel Mann was elected tax\n         assessor in the village of Matoaca. During the next thirty\n         years Samuel Mann held a number of elected and appointed\n         positions in Chesterfield County Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSamuel A. Mann Papers, 1863, 1914, Accession #1959-6,\n            Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n            Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Samuel A. Mann Papers, 1863, 1914, Accession #1959-6,\n            Special Collections and Archives, Johnston Memorial\n            Library, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a number of diaries detailing\n         Samuel A. Mann's daily activities, his work as a county\n         assessor, and other activities in the village of Matoaca.\n         There is some material that couments the African- American\n         population and, in particular, political activities and land\n         holdings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccount book, also includes 1874,1878,1880\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes some 1890, also statements of accounts,\n                  1887-1888\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content Information"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a number of diaries detailing\n         Samuel A. Mann's daily activities, his work as a county\n         assessor, and other activities in the village of Matoaca.\n         There is some material that couments the African- American\n         population and, in particular, political activities and land\n         holdings.","Account book, also includes 1874,1878,1880","Includes some 1890, also statements of accounts,\n                  1887-1888"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains personal,\n         business, and agricultural records of a white farmer from\n         Matoca in Chesterfield County, Va. Included are a number of\n         thorough diaries detailing his daily activities.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains personal,\n         business, and agricultural records of a white farmer from\n         Matoca in Chesterfield County, Va. Included are a number of\n         thorough diaries detailing his daily activities."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":89,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T18:22:00.819Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vipets_vipets00010"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia State University","value":"Virginia State University","hits":62},"links":{"remove":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+State+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A Guide To the Papers of Harry Walter 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