{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026page=524","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026page=523","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026page=525","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026page=544"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":524,"next_page":525,"prev_page":523,"total_pages":544,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":5230,"total_count":5440,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi04908","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Circuit Court Records, 1854-1916"],"title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1854-1916"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1854-1916"],"text":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1854-1916","1042953, 1101686, 1101730-1101814","Public records--Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Local government records--Virginia--Westmoreland County.","There are no restrictions.","This collection is arranged chronologically.","Westmoreland County was named for the English county. It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. The county seat is Montross.","The circuit courts in Virginia were authorized by the constitution of 1851, and were established by acts passed by the General Assembly in May 1852. Theese courts were granted original jurisdiction concurrent with that of the county courts. Since 1873 they have had exclusive jurisdiction in chancery causes. 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Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except an order book for the period 1764-1776) and wills exist."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1854-1916. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court Records, 1854-1916. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westomoreland County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003eA Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003e Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory.\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material","Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westomoreland County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) 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Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003e Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory.\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material","Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westomoreland County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) 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Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory.","Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery Records, 1831-1845, consist of a Minute Book, an Order book and a volume of Office Judgments.","There are no restrictions.","State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery Records, 1831-1845"],"collection_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003eA Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003e Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory.\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material","Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westomoreland County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery Records, 1831-1845, consist of a Minute Book, an Order book and a volume of Office Judgments.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Superior Court of Law and Chancery Records, 1831-1845, consist of a Minute Book, an Order book and a volume of Office Judgments."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"names_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God. Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons. Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions. Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death. If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known. If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence. 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It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653, and part of King George County was added in 1777.","The separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office is to hold inquisitions in cases when persons meet sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance.  The coroner would summon a jury to assist him in determining cause of death.  Prior to November 1877, the jurors numbered twelve.  Between November 1877 and March 1926, the jurors numbered six.   The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses.  The coroner was required to write down witness testimony.  After seeing and hearing the evidence, the jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition.  After March 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death.  He could require physicians to assist him with determing cause of death.  If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner was to deliver the guilty person to the sheriff and the coroners' inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial.","Westmoreland County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1802-1939, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance.  Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God.  Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons.  Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions.  Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1802-1939"],"collection_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  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After March 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death.  He could require physicians to assist him with determing cause of death.  If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner was to deliver the guilty person to the sheriff and the coroners' inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial.","Westmoreland County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1802-1939, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance.  Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God.  Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons.  Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions.  Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1802-1939"],"collection_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Circuit Court"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court records from Westmoreland County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans--History","Coroners--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Death--Causes--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Free African Americans--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Infanticide--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Murder--Investigation--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Murder victims--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Slaveholders--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Slaves--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Suicide--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Women--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Death records--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Local government records--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Reports--Virginia--Westmoreland County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans--History","Coroners--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Death--Causes--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Free African Americans--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Infanticide--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Murder--Investigation--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Murder victims--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Slaveholders--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Slaves--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Suicide--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Women--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Death records--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Local government records--Virginia--Westmoreland County","Reports--Virginia--Westmoreland County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".45 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the court.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological by date coroner filed inquisition in the court."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County was named for the English county. It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653, and part of King George County was added in 1777.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office is to hold inquisitions in cases when persons meet sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance.  The coroner would summon a jury to assist him in determining cause of death.  Prior to November 1877, the jurors numbered twelve.  Between November 1877 and March 1926, the jurors numbered six.   The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses.  The coroner was required to write down witness testimony.  After seeing and hearing the evidence, the jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition.  After March 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death.  He could require physicians to assist him with determing cause of death.  If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner was to deliver the guilty person to the sheriff and the coroners' inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Westmoreland County was named for the English county. It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653, and part of King George County was added in 1777.","The separate office of coroner appeared in Virginia about 1660. The judicial duty of the office is to hold inquisitions in cases when persons meet sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious death, or death without medical attendance.  The coroner would summon a jury to assist him in determining cause of death.  Prior to November 1877, the jurors numbered twelve.  Between November 1877 and March 1926, the jurors numbered six.   The jury viewed the body of the deceased and heard the testimony of witnesses.  The coroner was required to write down witness testimony.  After seeing and hearing the evidence, the jury delivered in writing to the coroner their conclusion concerning cause of death referred to as the inquisition.  After March 1926, only the coroner determined cause of death.  He could require physicians to assist him with determing cause of death.  If a criminal act was determined to be the cause of death, the coroner was to deliver the guilty person to the sheriff and the coroners' inquests would be used as evidence in the criminal trial."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1802-1939. Local government records collection, Westmoreland Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1802-1939. Local government records collection, Westmoreland Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, VA 23219."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1802-1939, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance.  Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God.  Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons.  Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions.  Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va) Coroners' Inquisitions, 1802-1939, are investigations into the deaths of individuals who died by a sudden, violent, unnatural or suspicious manner, or died without medical attendance.  Causes of death found in coroners' inquisitions include murder, infanticide, suicide, domestic violence, exposure to elements, drownings, train accidents, automobile accidents, and natural causes, or as commonly referred to in the 19th century, visitation by God.  Documents commonly found in coroners' inquests include the inquisition, depositions, and summons.  Criminal papers such as recognizance bonds can be found in coroner inquisitions.  Information found in the inquisition include the name of the coroner, the names of the jurors, the name and age of the deceased if known, gender and race of the deceased, and when, how, and by what means the deceased came to his or her death.  If the deceased was African American, the inquest would identify the deceased as a slave or free person if known.  If the deceased was a slave, the inquest would include, if known, the name of the slaveowner and the slaveowner's residence.  Information found in the depositions include the name of the deponent and his or her account of the circumstances that led to the death of the deceased.  Slaves were deponents in coroner investigations."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"names_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:47.320Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi03399"}},{"id":"vi_vi02630","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02630#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02630#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMaterials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02630#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02630","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02630","_root_":"vi_vi02630","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02630","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02630.xml","title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952"],"title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952"],"text":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952","8.33 cubic feet (19 boxes)","Commonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, involving enslaved and free Black individuals are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","Criminal Records, 1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals remain unprocessed. Contact Archives Reference Staff for access.","Boxes of commonwealth causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to free and enslaved persons are arranged chronologically.\nAll other boxes are unprocessed.","Context for Record Type: Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","The documents that frequently appear in criminal records include warrants that were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases. They also contain summonses, used to call a suspected person, witness, or victim(s) to appear in court, and indictments (sometimes called presentments) are the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Criminal record additionally include verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender.","Locality History Note: Westmoreland County was named for the English county.  It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653, and part of King George County was added in 1777.","Lost Locality Note: Many Loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except for an order book ,1764-1776), and wills exist.","Additional Westmoreland County criminal records may be found at the Westmoreland County Courthouse, contact the Clerk of the Court.","Encoded by Sam Walters as \"Westmoreland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1776-1914\", 2008; updated by M. Mason, 2023.","Commonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to enslaved and free Black individuals were removed from the unprocessed Westmoreland Commonwealth Causes and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Swain for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. All other commonwealth causes,1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals as well as all post-1863 commonwealth causes are still unprocessed and filed with the unprocessed Commonwealth Causes.","Records related to free and enslaved people of Westmoreland County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Westmoreland County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County (Va.) Court Records may be found in the \nLost Records Localities Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Materials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952, remain largely unprocessed but consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. Included are three boxes of processed material consisting of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals.","Although the majority of these records are not fully processed and indexed, a survey of the 1776-1865 Commonwealth Causes has allowed for the documentation of various trends found in this set of records. Notability, the testimonies found throughout the Commonwealth causes for this time period contain great detail which extends to testimony provided by the coroner in cases of murder.","The Commonwealth Causes (consisting of arrest warrants, summons, and Grand Jury presentments) originating in the late 18th century contain a significant number of records concerned with social behavior such as public consumption of alcohol, consumption of alcohol on the sabbath, as well as charges related to swearing [profanity use] in public.","There are also a large number of causes brought against individuals who did not cast a ballot in local elections.","Additionally, there are a consistent number of unmarried women asking for child support against fathers. By the early 19th century there was a noticeable drop off of these cases and a shift; the state focused instead in attempting to prosecute those who had committed adultery instead of private citizens seeking the state's assistance for supporting the children produced from these unions.","Of additional interest, are several causes brought against individuals who had purposely spread smallpox (meaning they had refused to inoculate themselves yet continued to interact with others in public spaces).","The Criminal Records of the 19th century, 1800-1865, still largely concern social behaviors primarily alcohol consumption and distribution (selling ardent spirits to enslaved people, selling ardent spirts at the place where it was consumed, selling without a retail license, etc.) as well as operating houses of ill fame, playing cards, gambling, and racing horses. These causes also note instances of alleged mingling between white and Black individuals.  Lastly, there are several murder cases that involved domestic violence.","The three boxes of processed material consist of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals where the defendants themselves are either free or enslaved Black individuals. These cases also consist of white defendants who are charged with crimes involving matters of chattel slavery; violence against a free or enslaved Black persons; or other violations of laws involving the policing of Black communities.","Causes commonly found against free Black and enslaved people might include breaking and entering, stealing, assault, murder, arson, and aiding enslaved people to self-emancipate. Formerly enslaved men and women could also be tried for remaining in the commonwealth more than one year following emancipation. There are also cases against enslavers who permitted a gathering of enslaved people on their property.","Additional unprocessed material includes Grand Jury Presentments, 1786-1787, 1801-1857; Peace Warrants and Peace Bonds, 1789, 1802-1844; Criminal Proceedings, 1839; and a 1845-1911 box containing recognizances; lists of venire men; and clerk's lists of fines.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952"],"collection_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"creator_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in multiple shipments of court papers from Westmoreland County including a transfer under the accession number 41889 and undated accessions."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["8.33 cubic feet (19 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, involving enslaved and free Black individuals are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Records, 1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals remain unprocessed. Contact Archives Reference Staff for access.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Commonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, involving enslaved and free Black individuals are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","Criminal Records, 1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals remain unprocessed. Contact Archives Reference Staff for access."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBoxes of commonwealth causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to free and enslaved persons are arranged chronologically.\nAll other boxes are unprocessed.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Boxes of commonwealth causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to free and enslaved persons are arranged chronologically.\nAll other boxes are unprocessed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe documents that frequently appear in criminal records include warrants that were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases. They also contain summonses, used to call a suspected person, witness, or victim(s) to appear in court, and indictments (sometimes called presentments) are the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Criminal record additionally include verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History Note:\u003c/emph\u003e Westmoreland County was named for the English county.  It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653, and part of King George County was added in 1777.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLost Locality Note:\u003c/emph\u003e Many Loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except for an order book ,1764-1776), and wills exist.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type: Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","The documents that frequently appear in criminal records include warrants that were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases. They also contain summonses, used to call a suspected person, witness, or victim(s) to appear in court, and indictments (sometimes called presentments) are the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Criminal record additionally include verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender.","Locality History Note: Westmoreland County was named for the English county.  It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653, and part of King George County was added in 1777.","Lost Locality Note: Many Loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except for an order book ,1764-1776), and wills exist."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westmoreland County criminal records may be found at the Westmoreland County Courthouse, contact the Clerk of the Court.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Additional Westmoreland County criminal records may be found at the Westmoreland County Courthouse, contact the Clerk of the Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1776-1952. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1776-1952. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by Sam Walters as \"Westmoreland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1776-1914\", 2008; updated by M. Mason, 2023.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to enslaved and free Black individuals were removed from the unprocessed Westmoreland Commonwealth Causes and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Swain for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. All other commonwealth causes,1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals as well as all post-1863 commonwealth causes are still unprocessed and filed with the unprocessed Commonwealth Causes. \u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by Sam Walters as \"Westmoreland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1776-1914\", 2008; updated by M. Mason, 2023.","Commonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to enslaved and free Black individuals were removed from the unprocessed Westmoreland Commonwealth Causes and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Swain for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. All other commonwealth causes,1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals as well as all post-1863 commonwealth causes are still unprocessed and filed with the unprocessed Commonwealth Causes."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Westmoreland County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westmoreland County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA131\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County (Va.) Court Records may be found in the \n\u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003eLost Records Localities Digital Collection  \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. \u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Records related to free and enslaved people of Westmoreland County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Westmoreland County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County (Va.) Court Records may be found in the \nLost Records Localities Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMaterials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952, remain largely unprocessed but consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. Included are three boxes of processed material consisting of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough the majority of these records are not fully processed and indexed, a survey of the 1776-1865 Commonwealth Causes has allowed for the documentation of various trends found in this set of records. Notability, the testimonies found throughout the Commonwealth causes for this time period contain great detail which extends to testimony provided by the coroner in cases of murder.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Commonwealth Causes (consisting of arrest warrants, summons, and Grand Jury presentments) originating in the late 18th century contain a significant number of records concerned with social behavior such as public consumption of alcohol, consumption of alcohol on the sabbath, as well as charges related to swearing [profanity use] in public.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also a large number of causes brought against individuals who did not cast a ballot in local elections.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, there are a consistent number of unmarried women asking for child support against fathers. By the early 19th century there was a noticeable drop off of these cases and a shift; the state focused instead in attempting to prosecute those who had committed adultery instead of private citizens seeking the state's assistance for supporting the children produced from these unions. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eOf additional interest, are several causes brought against individuals who had purposely spread smallpox (meaning they had refused to inoculate themselves yet continued to interact with others in public spaces).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Criminal Records of the 19th century, 1800-1865, still largely concern social behaviors primarily alcohol consumption and distribution (selling ardent spirits to enslaved people, selling ardent spirts at the place where it was consumed, selling without a retail license, etc.) as well as operating houses of ill fame, playing cards, gambling, and racing horses. These causes also note instances of alleged mingling between white and Black individuals.  Lastly, there are several murder cases that involved domestic violence. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe three boxes of processed material consist of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals where the defendants themselves are either free or enslaved Black individuals. These cases also consist of white defendants who are charged with crimes involving matters of chattel slavery; violence against a free or enslaved Black persons; or other violations of laws involving the policing of Black communities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eCauses commonly found against free Black and enslaved people might include breaking and entering, stealing, assault, murder, arson, and aiding enslaved people to self-emancipate. Formerly enslaved men and women could also be tried for remaining in the commonwealth more than one year following emancipation. There are also cases against enslavers who permitted a gathering of enslaved people on their property.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional unprocessed material includes Grand Jury Presentments, 1786-1787, 1801-1857; Peace Warrants and Peace Bonds, 1789, 1802-1844; Criminal Proceedings, 1839; and a 1845-1911 box containing recognizances; lists of venire men; and clerk's lists of fines. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952, remain largely unprocessed but consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. Included are three boxes of processed material consisting of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals.","Although the majority of these records are not fully processed and indexed, a survey of the 1776-1865 Commonwealth Causes has allowed for the documentation of various trends found in this set of records. Notability, the testimonies found throughout the Commonwealth causes for this time period contain great detail which extends to testimony provided by the coroner in cases of murder.","The Commonwealth Causes (consisting of arrest warrants, summons, and Grand Jury presentments) originating in the late 18th century contain a significant number of records concerned with social behavior such as public consumption of alcohol, consumption of alcohol on the sabbath, as well as charges related to swearing [profanity use] in public.","There are also a large number of causes brought against individuals who did not cast a ballot in local elections.","Additionally, there are a consistent number of unmarried women asking for child support against fathers. By the early 19th century there was a noticeable drop off of these cases and a shift; the state focused instead in attempting to prosecute those who had committed adultery instead of private citizens seeking the state's assistance for supporting the children produced from these unions.","Of additional interest, are several causes brought against individuals who had purposely spread smallpox (meaning they had refused to inoculate themselves yet continued to interact with others in public spaces).","The Criminal Records of the 19th century, 1800-1865, still largely concern social behaviors primarily alcohol consumption and distribution (selling ardent spirits to enslaved people, selling ardent spirts at the place where it was consumed, selling without a retail license, etc.) as well as operating houses of ill fame, playing cards, gambling, and racing horses. These causes also note instances of alleged mingling between white and Black individuals.  Lastly, there are several murder cases that involved domestic violence.","The three boxes of processed material consist of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals where the defendants themselves are either free or enslaved Black individuals. These cases also consist of white defendants who are charged with crimes involving matters of chattel slavery; violence against a free or enslaved Black persons; or other violations of laws involving the policing of Black communities.","Causes commonly found against free Black and enslaved people might include breaking and entering, stealing, assault, murder, arson, and aiding enslaved people to self-emancipate. Formerly enslaved men and women could also be tried for remaining in the commonwealth more than one year following emancipation. There are also cases against enslavers who permitted a gathering of enslaved people on their property.","Additional unprocessed material includes Grand Jury Presentments, 1786-1787, 1801-1857; Peace Warrants and Peace Bonds, 1789, 1802-1844; Criminal Proceedings, 1839; and a 1845-1911 box containing recognizances; lists of venire men; and clerk's lists of fines."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:16.129Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02630","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02630","_root_":"vi_vi02630","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02630","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02630.xml","title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952"],"title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952"],"text":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952","8.33 cubic feet (19 boxes)","Commonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, involving enslaved and free Black individuals are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","Criminal Records, 1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals remain unprocessed. Contact Archives Reference Staff for access.","Boxes of commonwealth causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to free and enslaved persons are arranged chronologically.\nAll other boxes are unprocessed.","Context for Record Type: Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","The documents that frequently appear in criminal records include warrants that were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases. They also contain summonses, used to call a suspected person, witness, or victim(s) to appear in court, and indictments (sometimes called presentments) are the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Criminal record additionally include verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender.","Locality History Note: Westmoreland County was named for the English county.  It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653, and part of King George County was added in 1777.","Lost Locality Note: Many Loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except for an order book ,1764-1776), and wills exist.","Additional Westmoreland County criminal records may be found at the Westmoreland County Courthouse, contact the Clerk of the Court.","Encoded by Sam Walters as \"Westmoreland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1776-1914\", 2008; updated by M. Mason, 2023.","Commonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to enslaved and free Black individuals were removed from the unprocessed Westmoreland Commonwealth Causes and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Swain for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. All other commonwealth causes,1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals as well as all post-1863 commonwealth causes are still unprocessed and filed with the unprocessed Commonwealth Causes.","Records related to free and enslaved people of Westmoreland County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Westmoreland County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County (Va.) Court Records may be found in the \nLost Records Localities Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website.","Materials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952, remain largely unprocessed but consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. Included are three boxes of processed material consisting of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals.","Although the majority of these records are not fully processed and indexed, a survey of the 1776-1865 Commonwealth Causes has allowed for the documentation of various trends found in this set of records. Notability, the testimonies found throughout the Commonwealth causes for this time period contain great detail which extends to testimony provided by the coroner in cases of murder.","The Commonwealth Causes (consisting of arrest warrants, summons, and Grand Jury presentments) originating in the late 18th century contain a significant number of records concerned with social behavior such as public consumption of alcohol, consumption of alcohol on the sabbath, as well as charges related to swearing [profanity use] in public.","There are also a large number of causes brought against individuals who did not cast a ballot in local elections.","Additionally, there are a consistent number of unmarried women asking for child support against fathers. By the early 19th century there was a noticeable drop off of these cases and a shift; the state focused instead in attempting to prosecute those who had committed adultery instead of private citizens seeking the state's assistance for supporting the children produced from these unions.","Of additional interest, are several causes brought against individuals who had purposely spread smallpox (meaning they had refused to inoculate themselves yet continued to interact with others in public spaces).","The Criminal Records of the 19th century, 1800-1865, still largely concern social behaviors primarily alcohol consumption and distribution (selling ardent spirits to enslaved people, selling ardent spirts at the place where it was consumed, selling without a retail license, etc.) as well as operating houses of ill fame, playing cards, gambling, and racing horses. These causes also note instances of alleged mingling between white and Black individuals.  Lastly, there are several murder cases that involved domestic violence.","The three boxes of processed material consist of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals where the defendants themselves are either free or enslaved Black individuals. These cases also consist of white defendants who are charged with crimes involving matters of chattel slavery; violence against a free or enslaved Black persons; or other violations of laws involving the policing of Black communities.","Causes commonly found against free Black and enslaved people might include breaking and entering, stealing, assault, murder, arson, and aiding enslaved people to self-emancipate. Formerly enslaved men and women could also be tried for remaining in the commonwealth more than one year following emancipation. There are also cases against enslavers who permitted a gathering of enslaved people on their property.","Additional unprocessed material includes Grand Jury Presentments, 1786-1787, 1801-1857; Peace Warrants and Peace Bonds, 1789, 1802-1844; Criminal Proceedings, 1839; and a 1845-1911 box containing recognizances; lists of venire men; and clerk's lists of fines.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952"],"collection_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"creator_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in multiple shipments of court papers from Westmoreland County including a transfer under the accession number 41889 and undated accessions."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["8.33 cubic feet (19 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, involving enslaved and free Black individuals are digitized and available through \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCriminal Records, 1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals remain unprocessed. Contact Archives Reference Staff for access.\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Commonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, involving enslaved and free Black individuals are digitized and available through Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website. Please use digital images.","Criminal Records, 1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals remain unprocessed. Contact Archives Reference Staff for access."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBoxes of commonwealth causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to free and enslaved persons are arranged chronologically.\nAll other boxes are unprocessed.\n\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Boxes of commonwealth causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to free and enslaved persons are arranged chronologically.\nAll other boxes are unprocessed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eContext for Record Type:\u003c/emph\u003e Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe documents that frequently appear in criminal records include warrants that were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases. They also contain summonses, used to call a suspected person, witness, or victim(s) to appear in court, and indictments (sometimes called presentments) are the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Criminal record additionally include verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n      ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLocality History Note:\u003c/emph\u003e Westmoreland County was named for the English county.  It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653, and part of King George County was added in 1777.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eLost Locality Note:\u003c/emph\u003e Many Loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except for an order book ,1764-1776), and wills exist.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Context for Record Type: Commonwealth causes are criminal court cases filed by the state government that consist primarily of warrants, summons, subpoenas, indictments, recognizances, and verdicts handed down by juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code.","The commonwealth causes reveal an inconsistency in forms of conviction and punishment for white versus Black and multiracial individuals. Throughout the early nineteenth century, Virginia legislators revised the laws in ways that reduced the legal status of free Black and multiracial people to that of enslaved, thereby creating a legal system based on race. White Virginians and legislators feared insurrection and passed laws restricting the number of Black and multiracial people allowed to gather in groups. Enslavers could be fined for permitting their enslaved people to hire themselves out for work and enslaved people were jailed on these occasions. While public whipping originated as a form of punishment for all those convicted, in Virginia, it was retained for those who were Black, free or enslaved, and officially outlawed as a punishment for white criminals in 1848. Often, Black individuals served much longer penitentiary sentences while the cases of white men, who had committed the same or similar crimes, were dismissed.","The documents that frequently appear in criminal records include warrants that were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases. They also contain summonses, used to call a suspected person, witness, or victim(s) to appear in court, and indictments (sometimes called presentments) are the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Criminal record additionally include verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender.","Locality History Note: Westmoreland County was named for the English county.  It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653, and part of King George County was added in 1777.","Lost Locality Note: Many Loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except for an order book ,1764-1776), and wills exist."],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westmoreland County criminal records may be found at the Westmoreland County Courthouse, contact the Clerk of the Court.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Location of Originals"],"originalsloc_tesim":["Additional Westmoreland County criminal records may be found at the Westmoreland County Courthouse, contact the Clerk of the Court."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1776-1952. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1776-1952. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEncoded by Sam Walters as \"Westmoreland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1776-1914\", 2008; updated by M. Mason, 2023.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to enslaved and free Black individuals were removed from the unprocessed Westmoreland Commonwealth Causes and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Swain for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. All other commonwealth causes,1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals as well as all post-1863 commonwealth causes are still unprocessed and filed with the unprocessed Commonwealth Causes. \u003c/p\u003e\n"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Encoded by Sam Walters as \"Westmoreland County (Va.) Commonwealth Causes, 1776-1914\", 2008; updated by M. Mason, 2023.","Commonwealth Causes, 1778-1863, pertaining to enslaved and free Black individuals were removed from the unprocessed Westmoreland Commonwealth Causes and then processed and indexed as a distinct unit by E. Swain for the purposes of digitizing them for the digital project Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative. All other commonwealth causes,1776-1952, pertaining to white and non-Black individuals as well as all post-1863 commonwealth causes are still unprocessed and filed with the unprocessed Commonwealth Causes."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords related to free and enslaved people of Westmoreland County (Va.) and other localities are available through the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/aan\"\u003eVirginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westmoreland County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA131\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County (Va.) Court Records may be found in the \n\u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003eLost Records Localities Digital Collection  \u003c/extref\u003e on the Library of Virginia website. \u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Records related to free and enslaved people of Westmoreland County (Va.) and other localities are available through the Virginia Untold: The African American Narrative Digital Collection  on the Library of Virginia website.","Additional Westmoreland County (Va.) court records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County (Va.) Court Records may be found in the \nLost Records Localities Digital Collection   on the Library of Virginia website."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMaterials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952, remain largely unprocessed but consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. Included are three boxes of processed material consisting of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough the majority of these records are not fully processed and indexed, a survey of the 1776-1865 Commonwealth Causes has allowed for the documentation of various trends found in this set of records. Notability, the testimonies found throughout the Commonwealth causes for this time period contain great detail which extends to testimony provided by the coroner in cases of murder.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Commonwealth Causes (consisting of arrest warrants, summons, and Grand Jury presentments) originating in the late 18th century contain a significant number of records concerned with social behavior such as public consumption of alcohol, consumption of alcohol on the sabbath, as well as charges related to swearing [profanity use] in public.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also a large number of causes brought against individuals who did not cast a ballot in local elections.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, there are a consistent number of unmarried women asking for child support against fathers. By the early 19th century there was a noticeable drop off of these cases and a shift; the state focused instead in attempting to prosecute those who had committed adultery instead of private citizens seeking the state's assistance for supporting the children produced from these unions. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eOf additional interest, are several causes brought against individuals who had purposely spread smallpox (meaning they had refused to inoculate themselves yet continued to interact with others in public spaces).\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Criminal Records of the 19th century, 1800-1865, still largely concern social behaviors primarily alcohol consumption and distribution (selling ardent spirits to enslaved people, selling ardent spirts at the place where it was consumed, selling without a retail license, etc.) as well as operating houses of ill fame, playing cards, gambling, and racing horses. These causes also note instances of alleged mingling between white and Black individuals.  Lastly, there are several murder cases that involved domestic violence. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eThe three boxes of processed material consist of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals where the defendants themselves are either free or enslaved Black individuals. These cases also consist of white defendants who are charged with crimes involving matters of chattel slavery; violence against a free or enslaved Black persons; or other violations of laws involving the policing of Black communities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eCauses commonly found against free Black and enslaved people might include breaking and entering, stealing, assault, murder, arson, and aiding enslaved people to self-emancipate. Formerly enslaved men and women could also be tried for remaining in the commonwealth more than one year following emancipation. There are also cases against enslavers who permitted a gathering of enslaved people on their property.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n","\u003cp\u003eAdditional unprocessed material includes Grand Jury Presentments, 1786-1787, 1801-1857; Peace Warrants and Peace Bonds, 1789, 1802-1844; Criminal Proceedings, 1839; and a 1845-1911 box containing recognizances; lists of venire men; and clerk's lists of fines. \u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Materials in the Library of Virginia's collections contain historical terms, phrases, and images that are offensive to modern readers. These include demeaning and dehumanizing references to race, ethnicity, and nationality; enslaved or free status; physical and mental ability; religion; sex; and sexual orientation and gender identity.","Westmoreland County (Va.) Criminal Records, 1776-1952, remain largely unprocessed but consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. Included are three boxes of processed material consisting of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals.","Although the majority of these records are not fully processed and indexed, a survey of the 1776-1865 Commonwealth Causes has allowed for the documentation of various trends found in this set of records. Notability, the testimonies found throughout the Commonwealth causes for this time period contain great detail which extends to testimony provided by the coroner in cases of murder.","The Commonwealth Causes (consisting of arrest warrants, summons, and Grand Jury presentments) originating in the late 18th century contain a significant number of records concerned with social behavior such as public consumption of alcohol, consumption of alcohol on the sabbath, as well as charges related to swearing [profanity use] in public.","There are also a large number of causes brought against individuals who did not cast a ballot in local elections.","Additionally, there are a consistent number of unmarried women asking for child support against fathers. By the early 19th century there was a noticeable drop off of these cases and a shift; the state focused instead in attempting to prosecute those who had committed adultery instead of private citizens seeking the state's assistance for supporting the children produced from these unions.","Of additional interest, are several causes brought against individuals who had purposely spread smallpox (meaning they had refused to inoculate themselves yet continued to interact with others in public spaces).","The Criminal Records of the 19th century, 1800-1865, still largely concern social behaviors primarily alcohol consumption and distribution (selling ardent spirits to enslaved people, selling ardent spirts at the place where it was consumed, selling without a retail license, etc.) as well as operating houses of ill fame, playing cards, gambling, and racing horses. These causes also note instances of alleged mingling between white and Black individuals.  Lastly, there are several murder cases that involved domestic violence.","The three boxes of processed material consist of Commonwealth Causes,1778-1863, involving free and enslaved Black individuals where the defendants themselves are either free or enslaved Black individuals. These cases also consist of white defendants who are charged with crimes involving matters of chattel slavery; violence against a free or enslaved Black persons; or other violations of laws involving the policing of Black communities.","Causes commonly found against free Black and enslaved people might include breaking and entering, stealing, assault, murder, arson, and aiding enslaved people to self-emancipate. Formerly enslaved men and women could also be tried for remaining in the commonwealth more than one year following emancipation. There are also cases against enslavers who permitted a gathering of enslaved people on their property.","Additional unprocessed material includes Grand Jury Presentments, 1786-1787, 1801-1857; Peace Warrants and Peace Bonds, 1789, 1802-1844; Criminal Proceedings, 1839; and a 1845-1911 box containing recognizances; lists of venire men; and clerk's lists of fines."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:16.129Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02630"}},{"id":"vi_vi01931","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Part of King George County was added in 1777. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Westmoreland County was formed in 1653 from Northumberland County.  Part of King George County was added in 1777."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Deed of Bargain and Sale and Dedimus, James Dodd and Wife to John Rieusset, 1794 July 29.  Local government records collection, Richmond County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Deed of Bargain and Sale and Dedimus, James Dodd and Wife to John Rieusset, 1794 July 29.  Local government records collection, Richmond County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westmoreland County Land Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  CConsult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA291\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westmoreland County Land Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  CConsult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Deed of Bargain and Sale and Dedimus, James Dodd and Wife to John Rieusset, 1794 July 29. 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","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02135#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02135","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02135","_root_":"vi_vi02135","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02135","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02135.xml","title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Deeds and Land Grant, 1687-1770"],"title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Deeds and Land Grant, 1687-1770"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Deeds and Land Grant, 1687-1770"],"text":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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The collection contains seven deeds and a land grant, as follows: from John Carruthers to Augustine Higgins, 1714; from Malachy Peale to Laurence Washington, 1687 Jan. 27; from Edward Barrow and Ann his wife to Robert Carter, 1711 Jan. 30; from James Garrard to John Bayn, 1770; from John Bayn to James Naughty, 1756 Oct. 10; from William Quisenbury to John Bayn, 1757 Oct. 16; and a land grant to William Quisenbury 1757 Mar. 26.","Should you wish to quote from or reproduce images of any of the materials, you must write to the Librarian of the Huntington Library, 1151 Oxford Road, San Marino, CA 91108, requesting formal permission to do so. Please note that you do not have to obtain permission if you are quoting fewer than fifty words, or if you are only citing the document. 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Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["Should you wish to quote from or reproduce images of any of the materials, you must write to the Librarian of the Huntington Library, 1151 Oxford Road, San Marino, CA 91108, requesting formal permission to do so. Please note that you do not have to obtain permission if you are quoting fewer than fifty words, or if you are only citing the document. Images made with microfilm-reader printers are for research use only and may not be used for publication without permission."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robert Alonzo Brock Collection was filmed by The Huntington Library in cooperation with The Library of Virginia with funding provided by The Library of Virginia Foundation with the support of The Roller-Bottimore Foundation and The Robins Foundation. Microfilm received 15 April 2004."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public records-- Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Deeds-- Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Land grants-- Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Land records-- Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Local government records--Virginia--Westmoreland  County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public records-- Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Deeds-- Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Land grants-- Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Land records-- Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Local government records--Virginia--Westmoreland  County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 microfilm reel (21 images)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County was formed in 1653 from Northumberland County, and part of King George County was added later.  It was named for the English county.               \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Westmoreland County was formed in 1653 from Northumberland County, and part of King George County was added later.  It was named for the English county."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Deeds and Land Grant, 1687-1770, Robert Alonzo Brock Collection, Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, California.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Deeds and Land Grant, 1687-1770, Robert Alonzo Brock Collection, Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, California."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westmoreland County Land Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA291\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westmoreland County Land Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Deeds and Land Grant, 1687-1770.  The collection contains seven deeds and a land grant, as follows: from John Carruthers to Augustine Higgins, 1714; from Malachy Peale to Laurence Washington, 1687 Jan. 27; from Edward Barrow and Ann his wife to Robert Carter, 1711 Jan. 30; from James Garrard to John Bayn, 1770; from John Bayn to James Naughty, 1756 Oct. 10; from William Quisenbury to John Bayn, 1757 Oct. 16; and a land grant to William Quisenbury 1757 Mar. 26.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Deeds and Land Grant, 1687-1770.  The collection contains seven deeds and a land grant, as follows: from John Carruthers to Augustine Higgins, 1714; from Malachy Peale to Laurence Washington, 1687 Jan. 27; from Edward Barrow and Ann his wife to Robert Carter, 1711 Jan. 30; from James Garrard to John Bayn, 1770; from John Bayn to James Naughty, 1756 Oct. 10; from William Quisenbury to John Bayn, 1757 Oct. 16; and a land grant to William Quisenbury 1757 Mar. 26."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eShould you wish to quote from or reproduce images of any of the materials, you must write to the Librarian of the Huntington Library, 1151 Oxford Road, San Marino, CA 91108, requesting formal permission to do so. Please note that you do not have to obtain permission if you are quoting fewer than fifty words, or if you are only citing the document. Images made with microfilm-reader printers are for research use only and may not be used for publication without permission. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Should you wish to quote from or reproduce images of any of the materials, you must write to the Librarian of the Huntington Library, 1151 Oxford Road, San Marino, CA 91108, requesting formal permission to do so. Please note that you do not have to obtain permission if you are quoting fewer than fifty words, or if you are only citing the document. Images made with microfilm-reader printers are for research use only and may not be used for publication without permission."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection forms part of the Robert Alonzo Brock Collection at The Huntington Library, San Marino, California.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection forms part of the Robert Alonzo Brock Collection at The Huntington Library, San Marino, California."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"names_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA291\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westmoreland County Land Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Deeds and Land Grant, 1687-1770.  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Images made with microfilm-reader printers are for research use only and may not be used for publication without permission."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection forms part of the Robert Alonzo Brock Collection at The Huntington Library, San Marino, California.\n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection forms part of the Robert Alonzo Brock Collection at The Huntington Library, San Marino, California."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"names_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Election Records, 1902-1954 consist of individual items; and volumes of General Registration, List of Voters, and Rolls of Registered Voters.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Election Records, 1902-1954 consist of individual items; and volumes of General Registration, List of Voters, and Rolls of Registered Voters."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Storage Location\"\u003eState Records Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm","Westmoreland County (Va.) Election Records, 1902-1954 consist of individual items; and volumes of General Registration, List of Voters, and Rolls of Registered Voters.","There are no restrictions.","State Records Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va) Election Records, 1902-1954"],"collection_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va) Election Records, 1902-1954"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1042957, 1043042, 1101708, 1101719, 1101870, 1101872-1101874"],"unitid_tesim":["1042957, 1043042, 1101708, 1101719, 1101870, 1101872-1101874"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"creator_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Election Records, 1902-1954. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Election Records, 1902-1954. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westmoreland County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003eA Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westmoreland County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Election Records, 1902-1954 consist of individual items; and volumes of General Registration, List of Voters, and Rolls of Registered Voters.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Election Records, 1902-1954 consist of individual items; and volumes of General Registration, List of Voters, and Rolls of Registered Voters."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Storage Location\"\u003eState Records Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center-Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959, consist of 13 boxes of Inventories and Accounts, 1 box of mixed Fiduciary (Executors', Administrators', Committee and Guardians' bonds) and Bonds/Commissions/Oaths ( Officials' Bonds), 3 boxes of Executors', Administrators' and Guardians' Bonds, 2 boxes of Estate Sales, 2 Record Center boxes of Administrators' Bonds, 1 vol. of Administrators' and Executors' Bonds, 2 vols. of Records of Fiduciaries, 2 vols. of Guardians' Bonds and 1 box of UNPROCESSED Fiduciary Records (1786-1900s). \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04912#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi04912","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04912","_root_":"vi_vi04912","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04912","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04912.xml","title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959"],"title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959"],"text":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959","1042833-1043285, 1101712-1101839, 1176622-1176631, 0007491149 CIrca","Public records--Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Local government records--Virginia--Westmoreland County.","There are no restrictions.","This collection is arranged chronologically. One box (1176628) is Unprocessed.","Westmoreland County was named for the English county. It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. The county seat is Montross.","Many loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except an order book for the period 1764-1776) and wills exist.","Additional Westomoreland County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory.","Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959, consist of 13 boxes of Inventories and Accounts, 1 box of mixed Fiduciary (Executors', Administrators', Committee and Guardians' bonds) and Bonds/Commissions/Oaths ( Officials' Bonds), 3 boxes of Executors', Administrators' and Guardians' Bonds, 2 boxes of Estate Sales, 2 Record Center boxes of Administrators' Bonds, 1 vol. of Administrators' and Executors' Bonds, 2 vols. of Records of Fiduciaries, 2 vols. of Guardians' Bonds and 1 box of UNPROCESSED Fiduciary Records (1786-1900s).","There are no restrictions.","State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959"],"collection_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court records from Westmoreland County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public records--Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Local government records--Virginia--Westmoreland County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public records--Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Local government records--Virginia--Westmoreland County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.57 cu. ft., 5 boxes, and 5 vols."],"extent_tesim":["12.57 cu. ft., 5 boxes, and 5 vols."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged chronologically. One box (1176628) is Unprocessed. \u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged chronologically. One box (1176628) is Unprocessed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County was named for the English county. It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. The county seat is Montross.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except an order book for the period 1764-1776) and wills exist.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Westmoreland County was named for the English county. It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. The county seat is Montross.","Many loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except an order book for the period 1764-1776) and wills exist."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"prefercite_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westomoreland County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003eA Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003e Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory.\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material","Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westomoreland County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959, consist of 13 boxes of Inventories and Accounts, 1 box of mixed Fiduciary (Executors', Administrators', Committee and Guardians' bonds) and Bonds/Commissions/Oaths ( Officials' Bonds), 3 boxes of Executors', Administrators' and Guardians' Bonds, 2 boxes of Estate Sales, 2 Record Center boxes of Administrators' Bonds, 1 vol. of Administrators' and Executors' Bonds, 2 vols. of Records of Fiduciaries, 2 vols. of Guardians' Bonds and 1 box of UNPROCESSED Fiduciary Records (1786-1900s).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959, consist of 13 boxes of Inventories and Accounts, 1 box of mixed Fiduciary (Executors', Administrators', Committee and Guardians' bonds) and Bonds/Commissions/Oaths ( Officials' Bonds), 3 boxes of Executors', Administrators' and Guardians' Bonds, 2 boxes of Estate Sales, 2 Record Center boxes of Administrators' Bonds, 1 vol. of Administrators' and Executors' Bonds, 2 vols. of Records of Fiduciaries, 2 vols. of Guardians' Bonds and 1 box of UNPROCESSED Fiduciary Records (1786-1900s)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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One box (1176628) is Unprocessed.","Westmoreland County was named for the English county. It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. The county seat is Montross.","Many loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except an order book for the period 1764-1776) and wills exist.","Additional Westomoreland County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory.","Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959, consist of 13 boxes of Inventories and Accounts, 1 box of mixed Fiduciary (Executors', Administrators', Committee and Guardians' bonds) and Bonds/Commissions/Oaths ( Officials' Bonds), 3 boxes of Executors', Administrators' and Guardians' Bonds, 2 boxes of Estate Sales, 2 Record Center boxes of Administrators' Bonds, 1 vol. of Administrators' and Executors' Bonds, 2 vols. of Records of Fiduciaries, 2 vols. of Guardians' Bonds and 1 box of UNPROCESSED Fiduciary Records (1786-1900s).","There are no restrictions.","State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia","Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959"],"collection_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1042833-1043285, 1101712-1101839, 1176622-1176631, 0007491149 CIrca"],"unitid_tesim":["1042833-1043285, 1101712-1101839, 1176622-1176631, 0007491149 CIrca"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"creator_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creators_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court records from Westmoreland County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Public records--Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Local government records--Virginia--Westmoreland County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Public records--Virginia--Westmoreland County.","Local government records--Virginia--Westmoreland County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["12.57 cu. ft., 5 boxes, and 5 vols."],"extent_tesim":["12.57 cu. ft., 5 boxes, and 5 vols."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged chronologically. One box (1176628) is Unprocessed. \u003c/p\u003e\n"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged chronologically. One box (1176628) is Unprocessed."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County was named for the English county. It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. The county seat is Montross.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMany loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. Volumes that record deeds, court orders (except an order book for the period 1764-1776) and wills exist.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Westmoreland County was named for the English county. It was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. The county seat is Montross.","Many loose papers were burned during the Revolutionary War and the Civil War. 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Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.virginiamemory.com/collections/lost\"\u003e Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory.\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material","Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westomoreland County Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Westmoreland County (Va.) is one of Virginia's Lost Records Localities. Additional Westmoreland County records may be found in the Virginia Lost Records Localities Digital Collection at the Library of Virginia. Search the  Lost Records Localities Digital Collection available at Virginia Memory."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959, consist of 13 boxes of Inventories and Accounts, 1 box of mixed Fiduciary (Executors', Administrators', Committee and Guardians' bonds) and Bonds/Commissions/Oaths ( Officials' Bonds), 3 boxes of Executors', Administrators' and Guardians' Bonds, 2 boxes of Estate Sales, 2 Record Center boxes of Administrators' Bonds, 1 vol. of Administrators' and Executors' Bonds, 2 vols. of Records of Fiduciaries, 2 vols. of Guardians' Bonds and 1 box of UNPROCESSED Fiduciary Records (1786-1900s).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Fiduciary Records, 1700-1959, consist of 13 boxes of Inventories and Accounts, 1 box of mixed Fiduciary (Executors', Administrators', Committee and Guardians' bonds) and Bonds/Commissions/Oaths ( Officials' Bonds), 3 boxes of Executors', Administrators' and Guardians' Bonds, 2 boxes of Estate Sales, 2 Record Center boxes of Administrators' Bonds, 1 vol. of Administrators' and Executors' Bonds, 2 vols. of Records of Fiduciaries, 2 vols. of Guardians' Bonds and 1 box of UNPROCESSED Fiduciary Records (1786-1900s)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"names_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:27:22.970Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04912"}},{"id":"vi_vi02378","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02378#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02378#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1870, contains free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.); free negro lists (1801, 1851); statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819); and miscellaneous free negro and slave records (1780-1854). Also included are photocopies of documents from other local records series relating to slave and free negroes. These categories include copies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805-1814); copies of slave bills of sale and various other types of deeds (1790-1845); copies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863); and copies of various miscellaneous records (1813-1852). \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02378#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02378","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02378","_root_":"vi_vi02378","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02378","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02378.xml","title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863"],"title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863"],"text":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863","1176635","African Americans -- Employment -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Freedmen -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Fugitive slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Emancipation -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Tax collection -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Bills of sale -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Certificates -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Claims -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds of manumission -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Emancipations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro and slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free papers -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.",".35 cu. ft. (1 box)","There are no restrictions.","by record type.","Westmoreland County was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. Part of King George County was added in 1777.","Additional Westmoreland County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1870, contains free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.); free negro lists (1801, 1851); statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819); and miscellaneous free negro and slave records (1780-1854). Also included are photocopies of documents from other local records series relating to slave and free negroes. These categories include copies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805-1814); copies of slave bills of sale and various other types of deeds (1790-1845); copies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863); and copies of various miscellaneous records (1813-1852).","Free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.) consist of statements based either on another person's knowledge or on other official documentary evidence seen by the certifier that this person was either born free or was emancipated. Often times details accompany the certificates about the free person's life such as their place of birth, their occupation, where they had grown up, or how the certifier had come to know them.","Free negro lists (1801, 1851) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes. They record the full name of each individual, place of residence, and occupation. The 1851 list gives the ages of recorded individuals on the list. Family groupings are more or less discernible by the arrangement of names.","Statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819) are also known as certificates of importation of slaves. They are certifications from slaveowners that they have brought slaves into the state for personal use and not for sale. The statements list the names and ages of slaves brought in and some of the lists give a brief physical description.","Miscellaneous records (1780-1854) include a runaway slave advertisement for Coffy of King George County (1780 ca.); a list of slaves with ages, owner unknown (1830 ca.); an account of sale of John Boy, a runaway (1831); and a court summons to James Grimes, a free negro, to prove his residence (1854).","Photocopies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805, 1810, 1814) are of three deeds freeing slaves from their enslavement. The names of the slaves are given as well as the name of the slaveowner and the court date that the deed was proved. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.","Photocopies of slave bills of sale and various other deeds mentioning slaves (1790-1845) include deeds of bargain and sale, release, mortgage, and deeds of gift. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.","Photocopies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue. The lists are generally in alphabetical order by surname and give the first and last name for each person as well as the amount of tax not paid. The lists are almost entirely composed of males. The original lists are filed with Westmoreland County tax and fiscal records.","Photocopies of miscellaneous records (1813-1852) include runaway advertisements (1813, 1818); requests by the Overseers of the Poor to bind out poor negro children (1821, 1840, 1851); a memorandum of free negroes hired by order of the court to pay their public dues (1818); a statement of free negroes hired (1819); a court summons to prove the loss of Robert Beale's slaves to the enemy (1821); a coroner's county claim for the cost of an inquest on Polly Tuckson, a free negro (1835); a notice from the court to William I. Courtney to revoke his merchant's license for selling to slaves (1836). Citations are provided with each photocopy for the location of the original documents.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863"],"collection_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1176635"],"unitid_tesim":["1176635"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creators_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Westmoreland County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Employment -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Freedmen -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Fugitive slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Emancipation -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Tax collection -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Bills of sale -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Certificates -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Claims -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds of manumission -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Emancipations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro and slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free papers -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Employment -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Freedmen -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Fugitive slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Emancipation -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Tax collection -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Bills of sale -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Certificates -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Claims -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds of manumission -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Emancipations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro and slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free papers -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".35 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eby record type.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["by record type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. Part of King George County was added in 1777. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Westmoreland County was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. Part of King George County was added in 1777."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westmoreland County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA291\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westmoreland County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1870, contains free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.); free negro lists (1801, 1851); statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819); and miscellaneous free negro and slave records (1780-1854). Also included are photocopies of documents from other local records series relating to slave and free negroes. These categories include copies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805-1814); copies of slave bills of sale and various other types of deeds (1790-1845); copies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863); and copies of various miscellaneous records (1813-1852). \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFree negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.) consist of statements based either on another person's knowledge or on other official documentary evidence seen by the certifier that this person was either born free or was emancipated. Often times details accompany the certificates about the free person's life such as their place of birth, their occupation, where they had grown up, or how the certifier had come to know them.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFree negro lists (1801, 1851) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes. They record the full name of each individual, place of residence, and occupation. The 1851 list gives the ages of recorded individuals on the list. Family groupings are more or less discernible by the arrangement of names.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eStatements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819) are also known as certificates of importation of slaves. They are certifications from slaveowners that they have brought slaves into the state for personal use and not for sale. The statements list the names and ages of slaves brought in and some of the lists give a brief physical description.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous records (1780-1854) include a runaway slave advertisement for Coffy of King George County (1780 ca.); a list of slaves with ages, owner unknown (1830 ca.); an account of sale of John Boy, a runaway (1831); and a court summons to James Grimes, a free negro, to prove his residence (1854).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805, 1810, 1814) are of three deeds freeing slaves from their enslavement. The names of the slaves are given as well as the name of the slaveowner and the court date that the deed was proved. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of slave bills of sale and various other deeds mentioning slaves (1790-1845) include deeds of bargain and sale, release, mortgage, and deeds of gift. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue. The lists are generally in alphabetical order by surname and give the first and last name for each person as well as the amount of tax not paid. The lists are almost entirely composed of males. The original lists are filed with Westmoreland County tax and fiscal records.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of miscellaneous records (1813-1852) include runaway advertisements (1813, 1818); requests by the Overseers of the Poor to bind out poor negro children (1821, 1840, 1851); a memorandum of free negroes hired by order of the court to pay their public dues (1818); a statement of free negroes hired (1819); a court summons to prove the loss of Robert Beale's slaves to the enemy (1821); a coroner's county claim for the cost of an inquest on Polly Tuckson, a free negro (1835); a notice from the court to William I. Courtney to revoke his merchant's license for selling to slaves (1836). Citations are provided with each photocopy for the location of the original documents.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1870, contains free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.); free negro lists (1801, 1851); statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819); and miscellaneous free negro and slave records (1780-1854). Also included are photocopies of documents from other local records series relating to slave and free negroes. These categories include copies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805-1814); copies of slave bills of sale and various other types of deeds (1790-1845); copies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863); and copies of various miscellaneous records (1813-1852).","Free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.) consist of statements based either on another person's knowledge or on other official documentary evidence seen by the certifier that this person was either born free or was emancipated. Often times details accompany the certificates about the free person's life such as their place of birth, their occupation, where they had grown up, or how the certifier had come to know them.","Free negro lists (1801, 1851) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes. They record the full name of each individual, place of residence, and occupation. The 1851 list gives the ages of recorded individuals on the list. Family groupings are more or less discernible by the arrangement of names.","Statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819) are also known as certificates of importation of slaves. They are certifications from slaveowners that they have brought slaves into the state for personal use and not for sale. The statements list the names and ages of slaves brought in and some of the lists give a brief physical description.","Miscellaneous records (1780-1854) include a runaway slave advertisement for Coffy of King George County (1780 ca.); a list of slaves with ages, owner unknown (1830 ca.); an account of sale of John Boy, a runaway (1831); and a court summons to James Grimes, a free negro, to prove his residence (1854).","Photocopies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805, 1810, 1814) are of three deeds freeing slaves from their enslavement. The names of the slaves are given as well as the name of the slaveowner and the court date that the deed was proved. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.","Photocopies of slave bills of sale and various other deeds mentioning slaves (1790-1845) include deeds of bargain and sale, release, mortgage, and deeds of gift. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.","Photocopies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue. The lists are generally in alphabetical order by surname and give the first and last name for each person as well as the amount of tax not paid. The lists are almost entirely composed of males. The original lists are filed with Westmoreland County tax and fiscal records.","Photocopies of miscellaneous records (1813-1852) include runaway advertisements (1813, 1818); requests by the Overseers of the Poor to bind out poor negro children (1821, 1840, 1851); a memorandum of free negroes hired by order of the court to pay their public dues (1818); a statement of free negroes hired (1819); a court summons to prove the loss of Robert Beale's slaves to the enemy (1821); a coroner's county claim for the cost of an inquest on Polly Tuckson, a free negro (1835); a notice from the court to William I. Courtney to revoke his merchant's license for selling to slaves (1836). Citations are provided with each photocopy for the location of the original documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"names_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:25:16.129Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02378","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02378","_root_":"vi_vi02378","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02378","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02378.xml","title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863"],"title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863"],"text":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863","1176635","African Americans -- Employment -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Freedmen -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Fugitive slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Emancipation -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Tax collection -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Bills of sale -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Certificates -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Claims -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds of manumission -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Emancipations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro and slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free papers -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.",".35 cu. ft. (1 box)","There are no restrictions.","by record type.","Westmoreland County was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. Part of King George County was added in 1777.","Additional Westmoreland County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1870, contains free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.); free negro lists (1801, 1851); statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819); and miscellaneous free negro and slave records (1780-1854). Also included are photocopies of documents from other local records series relating to slave and free negroes. These categories include copies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805-1814); copies of slave bills of sale and various other types of deeds (1790-1845); copies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863); and copies of various miscellaneous records (1813-1852).","Free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.) consist of statements based either on another person's knowledge or on other official documentary evidence seen by the certifier that this person was either born free or was emancipated. Often times details accompany the certificates about the free person's life such as their place of birth, their occupation, where they had grown up, or how the certifier had come to know them.","Free negro lists (1801, 1851) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes. They record the full name of each individual, place of residence, and occupation. The 1851 list gives the ages of recorded individuals on the list. Family groupings are more or less discernible by the arrangement of names.","Statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819) are also known as certificates of importation of slaves. They are certifications from slaveowners that they have brought slaves into the state for personal use and not for sale. The statements list the names and ages of slaves brought in and some of the lists give a brief physical description.","Miscellaneous records (1780-1854) include a runaway slave advertisement for Coffy of King George County (1780 ca.); a list of slaves with ages, owner unknown (1830 ca.); an account of sale of John Boy, a runaway (1831); and a court summons to James Grimes, a free negro, to prove his residence (1854).","Photocopies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805, 1810, 1814) are of three deeds freeing slaves from their enslavement. The names of the slaves are given as well as the name of the slaveowner and the court date that the deed was proved. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.","Photocopies of slave bills of sale and various other deeds mentioning slaves (1790-1845) include deeds of bargain and sale, release, mortgage, and deeds of gift. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.","Photocopies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue. The lists are generally in alphabetical order by surname and give the first and last name for each person as well as the amount of tax not paid. The lists are almost entirely composed of males. The original lists are filed with Westmoreland County tax and fiscal records.","Photocopies of miscellaneous records (1813-1852) include runaway advertisements (1813, 1818); requests by the Overseers of the Poor to bind out poor negro children (1821, 1840, 1851); a memorandum of free negroes hired by order of the court to pay their public dues (1818); a statement of free negroes hired (1819); a court summons to prove the loss of Robert Beale's slaves to the enemy (1821); a coroner's county claim for the cost of an inquest on Polly Tuckson, a free negro (1835); a notice from the court to William I. Courtney to revoke his merchant's license for selling to slaves (1836). Citations are provided with each photocopy for the location of the original documents.","There are no restrictions.","Library of Virginia","Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863"],"collection_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1176635"],"unitid_tesim":["1176635"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"creators_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from Westmoreland County."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Employment -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Freedmen -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Fugitive slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Emancipation -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Tax collection -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Bills of sale -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Certificates -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Claims -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds of manumission -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Emancipations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro and slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free papers -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Employment -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free African Americans -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Freedmen -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Fugitive slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Emancipation -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Slaves -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Tax collection -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Bills of sale -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Certificates -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Claims -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Deeds of manumission -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Emancipations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro and slave records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free negro registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Free papers -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Judicial records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Lists -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Local government records -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County.","Registrations -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":[".35 cu. ft. (1 box)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eby record type.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["by record type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. Part of King George County was added in 1777. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Westmoreland County was formed from Northumberland County in 1653. Part of King George County was added in 1777."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"prefercite_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1863. Local government records collection, Westmoreland County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Westmoreland County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA291\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Westmoreland County Free Negro and Slave Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWestmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1870, contains free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.); free negro lists (1801, 1851); statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819); and miscellaneous free negro and slave records (1780-1854). Also included are photocopies of documents from other local records series relating to slave and free negroes. These categories include copies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805-1814); copies of slave bills of sale and various other types of deeds (1790-1845); copies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863); and copies of various miscellaneous records (1813-1852). \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFree negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.) consist of statements based either on another person's knowledge or on other official documentary evidence seen by the certifier that this person was either born free or was emancipated. Often times details accompany the certificates about the free person's life such as their place of birth, their occupation, where they had grown up, or how the certifier had come to know them.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eFree negro lists (1801, 1851) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes. They record the full name of each individual, place of residence, and occupation. The 1851 list gives the ages of recorded individuals on the list. Family groupings are more or less discernible by the arrangement of names.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eStatements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819) are also known as certificates of importation of slaves. They are certifications from slaveowners that they have brought slaves into the state for personal use and not for sale. The statements list the names and ages of slaves brought in and some of the lists give a brief physical description.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eMiscellaneous records (1780-1854) include a runaway slave advertisement for Coffy of King George County (1780 ca.); a list of slaves with ages, owner unknown (1830 ca.); an account of sale of John Boy, a runaway (1831); and a court summons to James Grimes, a free negro, to prove his residence (1854).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805, 1810, 1814) are of three deeds freeing slaves from their enslavement. The names of the slaves are given as well as the name of the slaveowner and the court date that the deed was proved. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of slave bills of sale and various other deeds mentioning slaves (1790-1845) include deeds of bargain and sale, release, mortgage, and deeds of gift. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue. The lists are generally in alphabetical order by surname and give the first and last name for each person as well as the amount of tax not paid. The lists are almost entirely composed of males. The original lists are filed with Westmoreland County tax and fiscal records.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of miscellaneous records (1813-1852) include runaway advertisements (1813, 1818); requests by the Overseers of the Poor to bind out poor negro children (1821, 1840, 1851); a memorandum of free negroes hired by order of the court to pay their public dues (1818); a statement of free negroes hired (1819); a court summons to prove the loss of Robert Beale's slaves to the enemy (1821); a coroner's county claim for the cost of an inquest on Polly Tuckson, a free negro (1835); a notice from the court to William I. Courtney to revoke his merchant's license for selling to slaves (1836). Citations are provided with each photocopy for the location of the original documents.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1780-1870, contains free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.); free negro lists (1801, 1851); statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819); and miscellaneous free negro and slave records (1780-1854). Also included are photocopies of documents from other local records series relating to slave and free negroes. These categories include copies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805-1814); copies of slave bills of sale and various other types of deeds (1790-1845); copies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863); and copies of various miscellaneous records (1813-1852).","Free negro certifications (1809-1855, n.d.) consist of statements based either on another person's knowledge or on other official documentary evidence seen by the certifier that this person was either born free or was emancipated. Often times details accompany the certificates about the free person's life such as their place of birth, their occupation, where they had grown up, or how the certifier had come to know them.","Free negro lists (1801, 1851) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue for tax purposes. They record the full name of each individual, place of residence, and occupation. The 1851 list gives the ages of recorded individuals on the list. Family groupings are more or less discernible by the arrangement of names.","Statements of negroes brought into Virginia from other states (1815, 1817, 1819) are also known as certificates of importation of slaves. They are certifications from slaveowners that they have brought slaves into the state for personal use and not for sale. The statements list the names and ages of slaves brought in and some of the lists give a brief physical description.","Miscellaneous records (1780-1854) include a runaway slave advertisement for Coffy of King George County (1780 ca.); a list of slaves with ages, owner unknown (1830 ca.); an account of sale of John Boy, a runaway (1831); and a court summons to James Grimes, a free negro, to prove his residence (1854).","Photocopies of deeds of manumission and emancipation (1805, 1810, 1814) are of three deeds freeing slaves from their enslavement. The names of the slaves are given as well as the name of the slaveowner and the court date that the deed was proved. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.","Photocopies of slave bills of sale and various other deeds mentioning slaves (1790-1845) include deeds of bargain and sale, release, mortgage, and deeds of gift. The originals are filed in the Westmoreland County land records with the other deeds.","Photocopies of lists of insolvent free negroes (1850-1863) were compiled by the commissioner of the revenue. The lists are generally in alphabetical order by surname and give the first and last name for each person as well as the amount of tax not paid. The lists are almost entirely composed of males. The original lists are filed with Westmoreland County tax and fiscal records.","Photocopies of miscellaneous records (1813-1852) include runaway advertisements (1813, 1818); requests by the Overseers of the Poor to bind out poor negro children (1821, 1840, 1851); a memorandum of free negroes hired by order of the court to pay their public dues (1818); a statement of free negroes hired (1819); a court summons to prove the loss of Robert Beale's slaves to the enemy (1821); a coroner's county claim for the cost of an inquest on Polly Tuckson, a free negro (1835); a notice from the court to William I. Courtney to revoke his merchant's license for selling to slaves (1836). Citations are provided with each photocopy for the location of the original documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n      "],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia"],"corpname_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"names_ssim":["Westmoreland County (Va.) 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