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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooker T. Washington Institute (Kakata, Liberia) photograph album, 1960-1970, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Booker T. Washington Institute (Kakata, Liberia) photograph album, 1960-1970, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection of 33 captioned photographs and four postcards of the Booker T. Washington Institute in Kakata, Liberia.  Many of the photographs feature three African American teachers at the school: Lawrence E. James, the so called US Adviser to the school, Sarah Dennis, a Fulbright scholar and Secretarial Science teacher, and Jerry Chambers, Bookkeeping and Accounting instructor.  The school was the first agricultural and vocational school in Liberia.  Many of the images show both teachers and students engaged in class activities. There are also pictures of the local Zor Zor Teachers College, an image of the President of Liberia, and images of church dedications. It appears that the album may have belonged to Lawrence James as he appears in many of the photographs and one of the photographs is inscribed to him.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection of 33 captioned photographs and four postcards of the Booker T. Washington Institute in Kakata, Liberia.  Many of the photographs feature three African American teachers at the school: Lawrence E. James, the so called US Adviser to the school, Sarah Dennis, a Fulbright scholar and Secretarial Science teacher, and Jerry Chambers, Bookkeeping and Accounting instructor.  The school was the first agricultural and vocational school in Liberia.  Many of the images show both teachers and students engaged in class activities. There are also pictures of the local Zor Zor Teachers College, an image of the President of Liberia, and images of church dedications. It appears that the album may have belonged to Lawrence James as he appears in many of the photographs and one of the photographs is inscribed to him."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["Jeffrey Rovenpor Rare Books ","James, Lawrence E.","Dennis, Sarah","Chambers, Jerry"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Jeffrey Rovenpor Rare Books ","James, Lawrence E.","Dennis, Sarah","Chambers, Jerry"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Jeffrey Rovenpor Rare Books "],"persname_ssim":["James, Lawrence E.","Dennis, Sarah","Chambers, Jerry"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:05:36.541Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8438"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5302","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"John M. 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","An appendix contains Dr. McCalla's letter of appointment as Special Agent by the U.S. Government (1860 June 8); a copy of the contract between the U.S. government and the American Colonization Society; an appointment of Dr. McCalla as physician and surgeon on board one of the ships employed to convey Recaptured Africans to Liberia; a copy of a page from the Annual Report of the American Colonization Society, 44th report (1861 January 16); a list of Africans who died on the voyage; and typescript and manuscript copies of McCalla's letter to Secretary of the Interior, Jacob Thompson reporting the successful completion of the job (1860 December 19).","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","McCalla, John Moore, Jr., 1832-1897","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1746","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5302"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John M. McCalla, Jr. Journal"],"collection_title_tesim":["John M. McCalla, Jr. Journal"],"collection_ssim":["John M. 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(1 folder)"],"date_range_isim":[1860],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMcCalla was a native of Lexington, Kentucky, a graduate of both Columbian College and National Medical College, and was appointed by the Surgeon General to serve as resident physician in the United States Army General Hospital in Georgetown, during the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["McCalla was a native of Lexington, Kentucky, a graduate of both Columbian College and National Medical College, and was appointed by the Surgeon General to serve as resident physician in the United States Army General Hospital in Georgetown, during the Civil War."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John M. McCalla, Jr. Journal, A\u0026amp;M 1746, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John M. McCalla, Jr. Journal, A\u0026M 1746, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1209, 1713, 1746\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1209, 1713, 1746"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJournal of Dr. John Moore McCalla, documenting his trip to Liberia in a sailing vessel along with recaptured Africans, sponsored by the American Colonization Society. 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The voyage home was uneventful with the exception of a storm. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAn appendix contains Dr. McCalla's letter of appointment as Special Agent by the U.S. Government (1860 June 8); a copy of the contract between the U.S. government and the American Colonization Society; an appointment of Dr. McCalla as physician and surgeon on board one of the ships employed to convey Recaptured Africans to Liberia; a copy of a page from the Annual Report of the American Colonization Society, 44th report (1861 January 16); a list of Africans who died on the voyage; and typescript and manuscript copies of McCalla's letter to Secretary of the Interior, Jacob Thompson reporting the successful completion of the job (1860 December 19).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Journal of Dr. John Moore McCalla, documenting his trip to Liberia in a sailing vessel along with recaptured Africans, sponsored by the American Colonization Society. 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","An appendix contains Dr. McCalla's letter of appointment as Special Agent by the U.S. Government (1860 June 8); a copy of the contract between the U.S. government and the American Colonization Society; an appointment of Dr. McCalla as physician and surgeon on board one of the ships employed to convey Recaptured Africans to Liberia; a copy of a page from the Annual Report of the American Colonization Society, 44th report (1861 January 16); a list of Africans who died on the voyage; and typescript and manuscript copies of McCalla's letter to Secretary of the Interior, Jacob Thompson reporting the successful completion of the job (1860 December 19)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6f8a9baf697b41139680d404e1604485\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Colonization Society","McCalla, John Moore, Jr., 1832-1897"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","McCalla, John Moore, Jr., 1832-1897"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society"],"persname_ssim":["McCalla, John Moore, Jr., 1832-1897"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:35:09.869Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5302","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5302","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5302","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5302","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5302.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198597","title_ssm":["John M. McCalla, Jr. Journal"],"title_tesim":["John M. McCalla, Jr. Journal"],"unitdate_ssm":["1860"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1860"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1746","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5302"],"text":["A\u0026M 1746","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5302","John M. McCalla, Jr. Journal","Africa","Liberia","No special access restriction applies.","McCalla was a native of Lexington, Kentucky, a graduate of both Columbian College and National Medical College, and was appointed by the Surgeon General to serve as resident physician in the United States Army General Hospital in Georgetown, during the Civil War.","1209, 1713, 1746","Journal of Dr. John Moore McCalla, documenting his trip to Liberia in a sailing vessel along with recaptured Africans, sponsored by the American Colonization Society. 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","An appendix contains Dr. McCalla's letter of appointment as Special Agent by the U.S. Government (1860 June 8); a copy of the contract between the U.S. government and the American Colonization Society; an appointment of Dr. McCalla as physician and surgeon on board one of the ships employed to convey Recaptured Africans to Liberia; a copy of a page from the Annual Report of the American Colonization Society, 44th report (1861 January 16); a list of Africans who died on the voyage; and typescript and manuscript copies of McCalla's letter to Secretary of the Interior, Jacob Thompson reporting the successful completion of the job (1860 December 19).","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","McCalla, John Moore, Jr., 1832-1897","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1746","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5302"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John M. McCalla, Jr. Journal"],"collection_title_tesim":["John M. McCalla, Jr. Journal"],"collection_ssim":["John M. 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(1 folder)"],"date_range_isim":[1860],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMcCalla was a native of Lexington, Kentucky, a graduate of both Columbian College and National Medical College, and was appointed by the Surgeon General to serve as resident physician in the United States Army General Hospital in Georgetown, during the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["McCalla was a native of Lexington, Kentucky, a graduate of both Columbian College and National Medical College, and was appointed by the Surgeon General to serve as resident physician in the United States Army General Hospital in Georgetown, during the Civil War."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], John M. 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","An appendix contains Dr. McCalla's letter of appointment as Special Agent by the U.S. Government (1860 June 8); a copy of the contract between the U.S. government and the American Colonization Society; an appointment of Dr. McCalla as physician and surgeon on board one of the ships employed to convey Recaptured Africans to Liberia; a copy of a page from the Annual Report of the American Colonization Society, 44th report (1861 January 16); a list of Africans who died on the voyage; and typescript and manuscript copies of McCalla's letter to Secretary of the Interior, Jacob Thompson reporting the successful completion of the job (1860 December 19)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6f8a9baf697b41139680d404e1604485\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Colonization Society","McCalla, John Moore, Jr., 1832-1897"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society","McCalla, John Moore, Jr., 1832-1897"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","American Colonization Society"],"persname_ssim":["McCalla, John Moore, Jr., 1832-1897"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:35:09.869Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5302"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9813","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9813#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials pertaining to the professional career and personal life of Dr. John Thomas Baldwin Jr. Also included are the professional papers of Dr. Bernice Speese, a William \u0026amp; Mary professor and colleague of Dr. Baldwin.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9813#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9813","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9813","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9813","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9813","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9813.xml","title_filing_ssi":"John Thomas Baldwin papers","title_ssm":["John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1911-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 6.122","/repositories/2/resources/9813"],"text":["UA 6.122","/repositories/2/resources/9813","John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers","Liberia","Dismal Swamp (N.C. and Va.)","Botany--Virginia","Botany--Study and teaching","Botany","College of William and Mary--Faculty and Staff","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Dr. John Thomas Baldwin Jr. (1910-1974) received his undergraduate degree from William \u0026 Mary, and a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia. He joined the William \u0026 Mary faculty in 1937, before leaving in 1939 to teach at the University of Michigan for two years. Dr. Baldwin returned to William \u0026 Mary in 1944, where he rose from assistant professor of botany to chairman of the biology department over the course of his career. ","Dr. Baldwin specialized in cytogenetics, the study of plant chromosomes, and boxwoods. His work also focused on strophanthus sarmentosus, a plant from the same genus as the dogbane family. When he traveled to Liberia in 1947 at the behest of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for a survey of the distribution, prevalence and behavior of strophanthus, it was discovered to be a natural source of cortisone. The plant was used extensively in the early manufacturing of the drug.","Dr. Baldwin traveled to four continents in the course of his studies, and working with his colleague Dr. Bernice Speese, he used the seeds and plantings from those trips to turn the campus of William \u0026 Mary into a natural laboratory. Some of the plants that remain today are among the oldest cultivated representatives of their species in the United States.","Dr. Baldwin passed away on September 3, 1974 at the age of 63.","Dr. Bernice Marguerite Speese (1911-1985) was a professor and botanist who worked at William \u0026 Mary. She co-authored papers with Dr. Baldwin on the topics of mitosis, chromosomes, and cytogeography among others. The two worked closely together throughout their careers. She was one of the leaders in boxwood research, and served on the cabinet of the American Boxwood Society for several years. ","Dr. Speese was born in 1911, and died in 1985.","This collection contains materials pertaining to the professional career and personal life of Dr. John Thomas Baldwin Jr. Also included are the professional papers of Dr. Bernice Speese, a William \u0026 Mary professor and colleague of Dr. Baldwin.","Materials include articles, drawings, maps, personal and academic correspondence, media clippings and written research notes, report drafts, photography, and government documents related to Baldwin's work with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).  ","Papers pertaining to Dr. Baldwin's work both within and outside of William \u0026 Mary. This series is divided into eight subseries: General papers, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Reports, Liberia, Hevea research, The Great Dismal Swamp, Plant families, and Cytogeography.","Papers, notes, articles, and other documents acquired or created by Baldwin in the course of his work. Two particular sections of note in this series are The Blandy Experimental Farm at University of Virginia and the Kingsville Nurseries, now Foxborough Nursery, Inc. These were two organizations he worked closely with to acquire and research new plant specimens.","Includes an article on Isotria Medeoloides at the Grimes Station in Virginia by J.T. Baldwin. And a 1924 brochure from the Bureau of Vital Statistics Virginia State Board of Health titled \"Eugenics in relation to the new family and the law on racial integrity.\"","Includes specimen notes, correspondence, travel documents, and import papers from the work Dr. Baldwin conducted with the United States Department of Agriculture. These materials are national and international in scope, with the bulk of the import documentation originating in Brazil and Liberia.","Reports on botanical field operations. The bulk of the reports are on rivers, river deltas, and regions in Brazil.","Reports, correspondence, travel documentation, and specimen inventories from Dr. Baldwin's trips to Liberia. This subseries includes notes pertaining to his work with strophanthus.","Notes and drafts for Dr. Baldwin's publication \"Hevea: A First Interpretation.\" Hevea brasiliensis, also called the Pará rubber tree, is a natural source of rubber. Dr. Baldwin studied its applications, as well as cultivation methods.","Newspaper articles, documentation, and photos of Dr. Baldwin's work within the Dismal Swamp.The majority of the images are of plant specimens and waterways, with a small series on fish.","Hand-drawn and printed images of chromosomal arrangements for different plant families related to Dr. Baldwin's cytogeographical studies. Some files also contain reference photos of plants.","Notes, records, chromosome diagrams from Dr. Baldwin's research in cytogeography, the study of plant chromosomes.","Correspondence to and from Dr. Baldwin from students, acquaintances, and work contacts. This series is divided into three subseries: general correspondence, correspondence to specific individuals, and student correspondence.","Correspondence to and from Dr. Baldwin. Arranged alphabetically by last name and chronologically within the folders.","Correspondence to and from Dr. Baldwin by specific individuals. These are arranged alphabetically by last name. This includes letters from William \u0026 Mary president, Dr. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler; the founder of the Virginia Herpetological Society, W. Leslie Burger Jr.; The plant geneticist, member of the Mulford Expedition, and director of Blandy Experimental Farm, Dr Orland Emile White; Alton M. Harvill, Jr., Professor Emeritus of Biology at Longwood University; and Robert F. Hoover who founded the botanical garden and herbarium at California State Polytechnic College.","Correspondence to and from Dr. Baldwin from students he taught at William \u0026 Mary. Contains recommendation letters, internship requests, and general correspondence related to his classes.","Papers created by and pertaining to Dr. Bernice Speese that were transferred as part of the Dr. Baldwin papers. This series is divided into two subseries: correspondence, and professional papers.","Correspondence to and from Dr. Speese. Arranged alphabetically by last name.","Materials created by and related to Dr. Speese's work at William \u0026 Mary. Subseries contains cytology drawings, notebook and notes from her research, published materials and newspaper articles that are attributed to other creators. The writings contain a selection of poems and short stories with unclear authorship.","Maps primarily focused on regions of Brazil. Two of the maps were created and distributed by the Office of Crop Acclimatization, Bureau of Plant Industry, in Washington D.C. Seven others are from a series produced by the American Geographical Society of New York. The Dismal Swamp map was drafted by the US Army Corps of Engineers.","Several books were received along with the papers. Some volumes were retained and catalogued, the others were returned to the William \u0026 Mary Herbarium.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 6.122","/repositories/2/resources/9813"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers"],"collection_ssim":["John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Liberia","Dismal Swamp (N.C. and Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Liberia","Dismal Swamp (N.C. and Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Liberia","Dismal Swamp (N.C. and Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Botany--Virginia","Botany--Study and teaching","Botany","College of William and Mary--Faculty and Staff"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Botany--Virginia","Botany--Study and teaching","Botany","College of William and Mary--Faculty and Staff"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9 Linear Feet","17 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["9 Linear Feet","17 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. 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The plant was used extensively in the early manufacturing of the drug.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Baldwin traveled to four continents in the course of his studies, and working with his colleague Dr. Bernice Speese, he used the seeds and plantings from those trips to turn the campus of William \u0026amp; Mary into a natural laboratory. Some of the plants that remain today are among the oldest cultivated representatives of their species in the United States.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Baldwin passed away on September 3, 1974 at the age of 63.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Bernice Marguerite Speese (1911-1985) was a professor and botanist who worked at William \u0026amp; Mary. She co-authored papers with Dr. Baldwin on the topics of mitosis, chromosomes, and cytogeography among others. The two worked closely together throughout their careers. 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When he traveled to Liberia in 1947 at the behest of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for a survey of the distribution, prevalence and behavior of strophanthus, it was discovered to be a natural source of cortisone. The plant was used extensively in the early manufacturing of the drug.","Dr. Baldwin traveled to four continents in the course of his studies, and working with his colleague Dr. Bernice Speese, he used the seeds and plantings from those trips to turn the campus of William \u0026 Mary into a natural laboratory. Some of the plants that remain today are among the oldest cultivated representatives of their species in the United States.","Dr. Baldwin passed away on September 3, 1974 at the age of 63.","Dr. Bernice Marguerite Speese (1911-1985) was a professor and botanist who worked at William \u0026 Mary. She co-authored papers with Dr. Baldwin on the topics of mitosis, chromosomes, and cytogeography among others. The two worked closely together throughout their careers. She was one of the leaders in boxwood research, and served on the cabinet of the American Boxwood Society for several years. ","Dr. Speese was born in 1911, and died in 1985."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials pertaining to the professional career and personal life of Dr. John Thomas Baldwin Jr. Also included are the professional papers of Dr. Bernice Speese, a William \u0026amp; Mary professor and colleague of Dr. Baldwin.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials include articles, drawings, maps, personal and academic correspondence, media clippings and written research notes, report drafts, photography, and government documents related to Baldwin's work with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers pertaining to Dr. Baldwin's work both within and outside of William \u0026amp; Mary. 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Leslie Burger Jr.; The plant geneticist, member of the Mulford Expedition, and director of Blandy Experimental Farm, Dr Orland Emile White; Alton M. Harvill, Jr., Professor Emeritus of Biology at Longwood University; and Robert F. Hoover who founded the botanical garden and herbarium at California State Polytechnic College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence to and from Dr. Baldwin from students he taught at William \u0026amp; Mary. Contains recommendation letters, internship requests, and general correspondence related to his classes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers created by and pertaining to Dr. Bernice Speese that were transferred as part of the Dr. Baldwin papers. This series is divided into two subseries: correspondence, and professional papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence to and from Dr. Speese. Arranged alphabetically by last name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials created by and related to Dr. Speese's work at William \u0026amp; Mary. 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","Papers pertaining to Dr. Baldwin's work both within and outside of William \u0026 Mary. This series is divided into eight subseries: General papers, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Reports, Liberia, Hevea research, The Great Dismal Swamp, Plant families, and Cytogeography.","Papers, notes, articles, and other documents acquired or created by Baldwin in the course of his work. Two particular sections of note in this series are The Blandy Experimental Farm at University of Virginia and the Kingsville Nurseries, now Foxborough Nursery, Inc. These were two organizations he worked closely with to acquire and research new plant specimens.","Includes an article on Isotria Medeoloides at the Grimes Station in Virginia by J.T. Baldwin. And a 1924 brochure from the Bureau of Vital Statistics Virginia State Board of Health titled \"Eugenics in relation to the new family and the law on racial integrity.\"","Includes specimen notes, correspondence, travel documents, and import papers from the work Dr. Baldwin conducted with the United States Department of Agriculture. These materials are national and international in scope, with the bulk of the import documentation originating in Brazil and Liberia.","Reports on botanical field operations. The bulk of the reports are on rivers, river deltas, and regions in Brazil.","Reports, correspondence, travel documentation, and specimen inventories from Dr. Baldwin's trips to Liberia. This subseries includes notes pertaining to his work with strophanthus.","Notes and drafts for Dr. Baldwin's publication \"Hevea: A First Interpretation.\" Hevea brasiliensis, also called the Pará rubber tree, is a natural source of rubber. 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Arranged alphabetically by last name.","Materials created by and related to Dr. Speese's work at William \u0026 Mary. Subseries contains cytology drawings, notebook and notes from her research, published materials and newspaper articles that are attributed to other creators. The writings contain a selection of poems and short stories with unclear authorship.","Maps primarily focused on regions of Brazil. Two of the maps were created and distributed by the Office of Crop Acclimatization, Bureau of Plant Industry, in Washington D.C. Seven others are from a series produced by the American Geographical Society of New York. The Dismal Swamp map was drafted by the US Army Corps of Engineers."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral books were received along with the papers. 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Some volumes were retained and catalogued, the others were returned to the William \u0026 Mary Herbarium."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":278,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:38:23.205Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9813","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9813","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9813","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9813","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9813.xml","title_filing_ssi":"John Thomas Baldwin papers","title_ssm":["John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1911-1983"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1911-1983"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 6.122","/repositories/2/resources/9813"],"text":["UA 6.122","/repositories/2/resources/9813","John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers","Liberia","Dismal Swamp (N.C. and Va.)","Botany--Virginia","Botany--Study and teaching","Botany","College of William and Mary--Faculty and Staff","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Dr. John Thomas Baldwin Jr. (1910-1974) received his undergraduate degree from William \u0026 Mary, and a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia. He joined the William \u0026 Mary faculty in 1937, before leaving in 1939 to teach at the University of Michigan for two years. Dr. Baldwin returned to William \u0026 Mary in 1944, where he rose from assistant professor of botany to chairman of the biology department over the course of his career. ","Dr. Baldwin specialized in cytogenetics, the study of plant chromosomes, and boxwoods. His work also focused on strophanthus sarmentosus, a plant from the same genus as the dogbane family. When he traveled to Liberia in 1947 at the behest of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for a survey of the distribution, prevalence and behavior of strophanthus, it was discovered to be a natural source of cortisone. The plant was used extensively in the early manufacturing of the drug.","Dr. Baldwin traveled to four continents in the course of his studies, and working with his colleague Dr. Bernice Speese, he used the seeds and plantings from those trips to turn the campus of William \u0026 Mary into a natural laboratory. Some of the plants that remain today are among the oldest cultivated representatives of their species in the United States.","Dr. Baldwin passed away on September 3, 1974 at the age of 63.","Dr. Bernice Marguerite Speese (1911-1985) was a professor and botanist who worked at William \u0026 Mary. She co-authored papers with Dr. Baldwin on the topics of mitosis, chromosomes, and cytogeography among others. The two worked closely together throughout their careers. She was one of the leaders in boxwood research, and served on the cabinet of the American Boxwood Society for several years. ","Dr. Speese was born in 1911, and died in 1985.","This collection contains materials pertaining to the professional career and personal life of Dr. John Thomas Baldwin Jr. Also included are the professional papers of Dr. Bernice Speese, a William \u0026 Mary professor and colleague of Dr. Baldwin.","Materials include articles, drawings, maps, personal and academic correspondence, media clippings and written research notes, report drafts, photography, and government documents related to Baldwin's work with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).  ","Papers pertaining to Dr. Baldwin's work both within and outside of William \u0026 Mary. This series is divided into eight subseries: General papers, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Reports, Liberia, Hevea research, The Great Dismal Swamp, Plant families, and Cytogeography.","Papers, notes, articles, and other documents acquired or created by Baldwin in the course of his work. Two particular sections of note in this series are The Blandy Experimental Farm at University of Virginia and the Kingsville Nurseries, now Foxborough Nursery, Inc. These were two organizations he worked closely with to acquire and research new plant specimens.","Includes an article on Isotria Medeoloides at the Grimes Station in Virginia by J.T. Baldwin. And a 1924 brochure from the Bureau of Vital Statistics Virginia State Board of Health titled \"Eugenics in relation to the new family and the law on racial integrity.\"","Includes specimen notes, correspondence, travel documents, and import papers from the work Dr. Baldwin conducted with the United States Department of Agriculture. These materials are national and international in scope, with the bulk of the import documentation originating in Brazil and Liberia.","Reports on botanical field operations. 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Some files also contain reference photos of plants.","Notes, records, chromosome diagrams from Dr. Baldwin's research in cytogeography, the study of plant chromosomes.","Correspondence to and from Dr. Baldwin from students, acquaintances, and work contacts. This series is divided into three subseries: general correspondence, correspondence to specific individuals, and student correspondence.","Correspondence to and from Dr. Baldwin. Arranged alphabetically by last name and chronologically within the folders.","Correspondence to and from Dr. Baldwin by specific individuals. These are arranged alphabetically by last name. This includes letters from William \u0026 Mary president, Dr. Julian Alvin Carroll Chandler; the founder of the Virginia Herpetological Society, W. Leslie Burger Jr.; The plant geneticist, member of the Mulford Expedition, and director of Blandy Experimental Farm, Dr Orland Emile White; Alton M. Harvill, Jr., Professor Emeritus of Biology at Longwood University; and Robert F. Hoover who founded the botanical garden and herbarium at California State Polytechnic College.","Correspondence to and from Dr. Baldwin from students he taught at William \u0026 Mary. Contains recommendation letters, internship requests, and general correspondence related to his classes.","Papers created by and pertaining to Dr. Bernice Speese that were transferred as part of the Dr. Baldwin papers. This series is divided into two subseries: correspondence, and professional papers.","Correspondence to and from Dr. Speese. Arranged alphabetically by last name.","Materials created by and related to Dr. Speese's work at William \u0026 Mary. Subseries contains cytology drawings, notebook and notes from her research, published materials and newspaper articles that are attributed to other creators. 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When he traveled to Liberia in 1947 at the behest of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for a survey of the distribution, prevalence and behavior of strophanthus, it was discovered to be a natural source of cortisone. The plant was used extensively in the early manufacturing of the drug.","Dr. Baldwin traveled to four continents in the course of his studies, and working with his colleague Dr. Bernice Speese, he used the seeds and plantings from those trips to turn the campus of William \u0026 Mary into a natural laboratory. Some of the plants that remain today are among the oldest cultivated representatives of their species in the United States.","Dr. Baldwin passed away on September 3, 1974 at the age of 63.","Dr. Bernice Marguerite Speese (1911-1985) was a professor and botanist who worked at William \u0026 Mary. She co-authored papers with Dr. Baldwin on the topics of mitosis, chromosomes, and cytogeography among others. 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","Dr. Speese was born in 1911, and died in 1985."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["John Thomas Baldwin Jr. papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains materials pertaining to the professional career and personal life of Dr. John Thomas Baldwin Jr. Also included are the professional papers of Dr. Bernice Speese, a William \u0026amp; Mary professor and colleague of Dr. Baldwin.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials include articles, drawings, maps, personal and academic correspondence, media clippings and written research notes, report drafts, photography, and government documents related to Baldwin's work with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers pertaining to Dr. Baldwin's work both within and outside of William \u0026amp; Mary. 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","Papers pertaining to Dr. Baldwin's work both within and outside of William \u0026 Mary. This series is divided into eight subseries: General papers, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Reports, Liberia, Hevea research, The Great Dismal Swamp, Plant families, and Cytogeography.","Papers, notes, articles, and other documents acquired or created by Baldwin in the course of his work. Two particular sections of note in this series are The Blandy Experimental Farm at University of Virginia and the Kingsville Nurseries, now Foxborough Nursery, Inc. These were two organizations he worked closely with to acquire and research new plant specimens.","Includes an article on Isotria Medeoloides at the Grimes Station in Virginia by J.T. Baldwin. And a 1924 brochure from the Bureau of Vital Statistics Virginia State Board of Health titled \"Eugenics in relation to the new family and the law on racial integrity.\"","Includes specimen notes, correspondence, travel documents, and import papers from the work Dr. Baldwin conducted with the United States Department of Agriculture. These materials are national and international in scope, with the bulk of the import documentation originating in Brazil and Liberia.","Reports on botanical field operations. The bulk of the reports are on rivers, river deltas, and regions in Brazil.","Reports, correspondence, travel documentation, and specimen inventories from Dr. Baldwin's trips to Liberia. This subseries includes notes pertaining to his work with strophanthus.","Notes and drafts for Dr. Baldwin's publication \"Hevea: A First Interpretation.\" Hevea brasiliensis, also called the Pará rubber tree, is a natural source of rubber. 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In his letter, Martin gives great detail of the weather, jungle conditions, and the farming practices of the natives. He informs his father, also, of traditions and cultural practices of the natives, like their worshiping of the cottonwood tree, referred to as the \"tree of worship\" and musical practices to welcome the full moon. Martin retells of an arduous journey through the bush that came across a washed out bridge. Their efforts to cross were met with many failed attempts and they were successful only with the help of another tribe from the area. Martin concludes his letter by commenting on the current state of missionary work in the area, calling most of it a failed endeavor. He accurately foreshadows the decolonization of Africa saying, \"No doubt you would be satisfied to know that some day in the near future the black man means to drive every white man off the face of Africa. Today this is slow but sure unification of the black man is going on...\"\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8301#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8301","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8301","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8301","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8301","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8301.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Martin, Joseph Letter","title_ssm":["Joseph Martin Letter"],"title_tesim":["Joseph Martin Letter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1915 October 31"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1915 October 31"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 01576","/repositories/2/resources/8301"],"text":["SC 01576","/repositories/2/resources/8301","Joseph Martin Letter","Liberia","Liberia -- Civilization -- American influences","Missions -- Liberia","Rivers -- Liberia","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","14 page letter written to his father in Washington, DC from a missionary trip in Garmu, Liberia.  In his letter, Martin gives great detail of the weather, jungle conditions, and the farming practices of the natives.  He informs his father, also, of traditions and cultural practices of the natives, like their worshiping of the cottonwood tree, referred to as the \"tree of worship\" and musical practices to welcome the full moon.  Martin retells of an arduous journey through the bush that came across a washed out bridge.  Their efforts to cross were met with many failed attempts and they were successful only with the help of another tribe from the area.  Martin concludes his letter by commenting on the current state of missionary work in the area, calling most of it a failed endeavor.  He accurately foreshadows the decolonization of Africa saying, \"No doubt you would be satisfied to know that some day in the near future the black man means to drive every white man off the face of Africa. 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