{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Harrisonburg+%28Va.%29+--+History+--+19th+century\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Harrisonburg+%28Va.%29+--+History+--+19th+century\u0026page=1\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":4,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_337","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871/1876","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_337#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Morrison, Hugh Starke, 1840-1925","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_337#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_337#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_337","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_337","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_337","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_337","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_337.xml","title_ssm":["Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book"],"title_tesim":["Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book"],"unitdate_ssm":["1871-1876"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1871-1876"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871/1876"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871/1876"],"text":["Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871/1876","SC 0004","/repositories/4/resources/337","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 19th century","Photographers -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Business records -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Account books","Letters (correspondence)","Business records","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The account book is housed in a slipcase, foldered, and boxed in a half-Hollinger box with no further arrangement.","\"Hugh Starke Morrison.\" 1840-1925. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/hugh-starke-morrison_173100863","K, Jeremiah. \"Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection.\" Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.oldsouthhigh.com/2013/05/24/fading-light-photos-from-the-hrhs-collection/","\"As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr.\" As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.hughmorrisonexhibition.org/biography/biography.html","Hugh Starke Morrison was born February 4, 1840 in Orange, Virginia to William Dabney and Elizabeth Morrison (née Clinedinst). He married Susan Ann Elick in 1866 and had two children (Hugh Jr., b.1871 and Anna, b. 1875). Hugh Starke opened a photography studio on Harrisonburg's Court Square in 1859. His son, Hugh Morrison Jr., became a traveling photographer in Shenandoah County, Virginia and went on to have his own successful photography studio in Woodstock. Hugh Starke operated his photography studio into the twentieth century. He passed away on March 11, 1925 in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Examples of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography can be found in the following collections:","Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870-1950, SC 0317, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Saufley Family Photographs, 1880-1903, SC 0316, Special Collections, 1880-1903, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Other related collections include:","George W.W Scothern Daybooks, 1905-1911, SC 0142, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Hugh Morrison Jr. Photographs, Shenandoah County Historical Society.","The Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia. The account book is marked on the front inside page with \"Hugh Morrison\" and \"March 11th 1871.\" Approximately half of the 285-page account book records patrons' names, location, services rendered, and their respective cost. Hugh Starke served customers from the greater Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, and Shenandoah County area including the towns of Lacey Spring, Cross Keys, Ottobine, Dayton, and New Market. The remaining pages record expenses. Part of the expenses listed relate to the photography studio and are designated as \"gallery expenses.\" These include frames, glass, and freight. Hugh Starke also kept monthly accounts for his personal expenses which included foodstuffs, clothing (\"shoes for Susan $1.50\"), and medicine.","Of particular interest is a draft letter to Charles G. Allen dated April 30, 1872 (page 275-276). In it, Hugh Starke writes:","I have been wide awake and duly sober and in the active pursuit of my Photographic occupation, enjoying the generous and remunerating patronage of the citizens of all ages sexes creeds and colors of the little Burg \u0026 vicinity. I have been married since 66 and am proud of a hiarty [sic] little male heir who I hope will soon be able to assist me in making impressions of our good Patrons.","As fate would have it, Hugh Starke's son, Hugh Morrison Jr., went on to have a prolific photography career of his own in Shenandoah County. Not related to Hugh Starke's photography business are two drafts (page 280 and 283) of a February 12, 1872 letter that he wrote to The New York Times commenting on the growth of the Republican Party in Rockingham County.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk: library-special@jmu.edu.","The Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Between the Covers Rare Books","Morrison, Hugh Starke, 1840-1925","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871/1876"],"collection_ssim":["Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871/1876"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0004","/repositories/4/resources/337"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0004","/repositories/4/resources/337"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 19th century"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 19th century"],"creator_ssm":["Morrison, Hugh Starke, 1840-1925","Between the Covers Rare Books"],"creator_ssim":["Morrison, Hugh Starke, 1840-1925","Between the Covers Rare Books"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Morrison, Hugh Starke, 1840-1925"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Between the Covers Rare Books"],"creators_ssim":["Morrison, Hugh Starke, 1840-1925","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Between the Covers Rare Books"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk: library-special@jmu.edu."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The account book was acquired from Between the Covers Rare Books, Inc. (Gloucester City, New Jersey) in April 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Photographers -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Business records -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Account books","Letters (correspondence)","Business records"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Photographers -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Business records -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Account books","Letters (correspondence)","Business records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2  cubic feet 1 half-Hollinger box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2  cubic feet 1 half-Hollinger box"],"genreform_ssim":["Account books","Letters (correspondence)","Business records"],"date_range_isim":[1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe account book is housed in a slipcase, foldered, and boxed in a half-Hollinger box with no further arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The account book is housed in a slipcase, foldered, and boxed in a half-Hollinger box with no further arrangement."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Hugh Starke Morrison.\" 1840-1925. Accessed May 11, 2016. \u003cextref href=\"http://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/hugh-starke-morrison_173100863\" show=\"new\" actuate=\"onrequest\"\u003ehttp://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/hugh-starke-morrison_173100863\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eK, Jeremiah. \"Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection.\" Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection. Accessed May 11, 2016. \u003cextref href=\"http://www.oldsouthhigh.com/2013/05/24/fading-light-photos-from-the-hrhs-collection/\" show=\"new\" actuate=\"onrequest\"\u003ehttp://www.oldsouthhigh.com/2013/05/24/fading-light-photos-from-the-hrhs-collection/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr.\" As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr. Accessed May 11, 2016. \u003cextref href=\"http://www.hughmorrisonexhibition.org/biography/biography.html\" show=\"new\" actuate=\"onrequest\"\u003ehttp://www.hughmorrisonexhibition.org/biography/biography.html\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Hugh Starke Morrison.\" 1840-1925. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/hugh-starke-morrison_173100863","K, Jeremiah. \"Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection.\" Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.oldsouthhigh.com/2013/05/24/fading-light-photos-from-the-hrhs-collection/","\"As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr.\" As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.hughmorrisonexhibition.org/biography/biography.html"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHugh Starke Morrison was born February 4, 1840 in Orange, Virginia to William Dabney and Elizabeth Morrison (née Clinedinst). He married Susan Ann Elick in 1866 and had two children (Hugh Jr., b.1871 and Anna, b. 1875). Hugh Starke opened a photography studio on Harrisonburg's Court Square in 1859. His son, Hugh Morrison Jr., became a traveling photographer in Shenandoah County, Virginia and went on to have his own successful photography studio in Woodstock. Hugh Starke operated his photography studio into the twentieth century. He passed away on March 11, 1925 in Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Hugh Starke Morrison was born February 4, 1840 in Orange, Virginia to William Dabney and Elizabeth Morrison (née Clinedinst). He married Susan Ann Elick in 1866 and had two children (Hugh Jr., b.1871 and Anna, b. 1875). Hugh Starke opened a photography studio on Harrisonburg's Court Square in 1859. His son, Hugh Morrison Jr., became a traveling photographer in Shenandoah County, Virginia and went on to have his own successful photography studio in Woodstock. Hugh Starke operated his photography studio into the twentieth century. He passed away on March 11, 1925 in Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, SC 0004, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, SC 0004, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eExamples of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography can be found in the following collections: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870-1950, SC 0317, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSaufley Family Photographs, 1880-1903, SC 0316, Special Collections, 1880-1903, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther related collections include:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge W.W Scothern Daybooks, 1905-1911, SC 0142, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHugh Morrison Jr. Photographs, Shenandoah County Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Examples of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography can be found in the following collections:","Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870-1950, SC 0317, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Saufley Family Photographs, 1880-1903, SC 0316, Special Collections, 1880-1903, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Other related collections include:","George W.W Scothern Daybooks, 1905-1911, SC 0142, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Hugh Morrison Jr. Photographs, Shenandoah County Historical Society."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia. The account book is marked on the front inside page with \"Hugh Morrison\" and \"March 11th 1871.\" Approximately half of the 285-page account book records patrons' names, location, services rendered, and their respective cost. Hugh Starke served customers from the greater Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, and Shenandoah County area including the towns of Lacey Spring, Cross Keys, Ottobine, Dayton, and New Market. The remaining pages record expenses. Part of the expenses listed relate to the photography studio and are designated as \"gallery expenses.\" These include frames, glass, and freight. Hugh Starke also kept monthly accounts for his personal expenses which included foodstuffs, clothing (\"shoes for Susan $1.50\"), and medicine. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest is a draft letter to Charles G. Allen dated April 30, 1872 (page 275-276). In it, Hugh Starke writes:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003eI have been wide awake and duly sober and in the active pursuit of my Photographic occupation, enjoying the generous and remunerating patronage of the citizens of all ages sexes creeds and colors of the little Burg \u0026amp; vicinity. I have been married since 66 and am proud of a hiarty [sic] little male heir who I hope will soon be able to assist me in making impressions of our good Patrons.\u003c/blockquote\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs fate would have it, Hugh Starke's son, Hugh Morrison Jr., went on to have a prolific photography career of his own in Shenandoah County. Not related to Hugh Starke's photography business are two drafts (page 280 and 283) of a February 12, 1872 letter that he wrote to The New York Times commenting on the growth of the Republican Party in Rockingham County.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia. The account book is marked on the front inside page with \"Hugh Morrison\" and \"March 11th 1871.\" Approximately half of the 285-page account book records patrons' names, location, services rendered, and their respective cost. Hugh Starke served customers from the greater Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, and Shenandoah County area including the towns of Lacey Spring, Cross Keys, Ottobine, Dayton, and New Market. The remaining pages record expenses. Part of the expenses listed relate to the photography studio and are designated as \"gallery expenses.\" These include frames, glass, and freight. Hugh Starke also kept monthly accounts for his personal expenses which included foodstuffs, clothing (\"shoes for Susan $1.50\"), and medicine.","Of particular interest is a draft letter to Charles G. Allen dated April 30, 1872 (page 275-276). In it, Hugh Starke writes:","I have been wide awake and duly sober and in the active pursuit of my Photographic occupation, enjoying the generous and remunerating patronage of the citizens of all ages sexes creeds and colors of the little Burg \u0026 vicinity. I have been married since 66 and am proud of a hiarty [sic] little male heir who I hope will soon be able to assist me in making impressions of our good Patrons.","As fate would have it, Hugh Starke's son, Hugh Morrison Jr., went on to have a prolific photography career of his own in Shenandoah County. Not related to Hugh Starke's photography business are two drafts (page 280 and 283) of a February 12, 1872 letter that he wrote to The New York Times commenting on the growth of the Republican Party in Rockingham County."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk: library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk: library-special@jmu.edu."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_47fed036cb10a8981ed5227c61892d56\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Between the Covers Rare Books"],"names_coll_ssim":["Between the Covers Rare Books"],"persname_ssim":["Morrison, Hugh Starke, 1840-1925"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Between the Covers Rare Books","Morrison, Hugh Starke, 1840-1925"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_337","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_337","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_337","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_337","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_337.xml","title_ssm":["Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book"],"title_tesim":["Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book"],"unitdate_ssm":["1871-1876"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1871-1876"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1871/1876"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871/1876"],"text":["Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871/1876","SC 0004","/repositories/4/resources/337","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 19th century","Photographers -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Records and correspondence","Account books -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg","Business records -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","Account books","Letters (correspondence)","Business records","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","The account book is housed in a slipcase, foldered, and boxed in a half-Hollinger box with no further arrangement.","\"Hugh Starke Morrison.\" 1840-1925. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/hugh-starke-morrison_173100863","K, Jeremiah. \"Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection.\" Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.oldsouthhigh.com/2013/05/24/fading-light-photos-from-the-hrhs-collection/","\"As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr.\" As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.hughmorrisonexhibition.org/biography/biography.html","Hugh Starke Morrison was born February 4, 1840 in Orange, Virginia to William Dabney and Elizabeth Morrison (née Clinedinst). He married Susan Ann Elick in 1866 and had two children (Hugh Jr., b.1871 and Anna, b. 1875). Hugh Starke opened a photography studio on Harrisonburg's Court Square in 1859. His son, Hugh Morrison Jr., became a traveling photographer in Shenandoah County, Virginia and went on to have his own successful photography studio in Woodstock. Hugh Starke operated his photography studio into the twentieth century. He passed away on March 11, 1925 in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Examples of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography can be found in the following collections:","Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870-1950, SC 0317, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Saufley Family Photographs, 1880-1903, SC 0316, Special Collections, 1880-1903, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Other related collections include:","George W.W Scothern Daybooks, 1905-1911, SC 0142, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Hugh Morrison Jr. Photographs, Shenandoah County Historical Society.","The Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia. The account book is marked on the front inside page with \"Hugh Morrison\" and \"March 11th 1871.\" Approximately half of the 285-page account book records patrons' names, location, services rendered, and their respective cost. Hugh Starke served customers from the greater Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, and Shenandoah County area including the towns of Lacey Spring, Cross Keys, Ottobine, Dayton, and New Market. The remaining pages record expenses. Part of the expenses listed relate to the photography studio and are designated as \"gallery expenses.\" These include frames, glass, and freight. Hugh Starke also kept monthly accounts for his personal expenses which included foodstuffs, clothing (\"shoes for Susan $1.50\"), and medicine.","Of particular interest is a draft letter to Charles G. Allen dated April 30, 1872 (page 275-276). In it, Hugh Starke writes:","I have been wide awake and duly sober and in the active pursuit of my Photographic occupation, enjoying the generous and remunerating patronage of the citizens of all ages sexes creeds and colors of the little Burg \u0026 vicinity. I have been married since 66 and am proud of a hiarty [sic] little male heir who I hope will soon be able to assist me in making impressions of our good Patrons.","As fate would have it, Hugh Starke's son, Hugh Morrison Jr., went on to have a prolific photography career of his own in Shenandoah County. Not related to Hugh Starke's photography business are two drafts (page 280 and 283) of a February 12, 1872 letter that he wrote to The New York Times commenting on the growth of the Republican Party in Rockingham County.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. 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Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe account book is housed in a slipcase, foldered, and boxed in a half-Hollinger box with no further arrangement.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The account book is housed in a slipcase, foldered, and boxed in a half-Hollinger box with no further arrangement."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003e\"Hugh Starke Morrison.\" 1840-1925. Accessed May 11, 2016. \u003cextref href=\"http://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/hugh-starke-morrison_173100863\" show=\"new\" actuate=\"onrequest\"\u003ehttp://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/hugh-starke-morrison_173100863\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eK, Jeremiah. \"Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection.\" Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection. Accessed May 11, 2016. \u003cextref href=\"http://www.oldsouthhigh.com/2013/05/24/fading-light-photos-from-the-hrhs-collection/\" show=\"new\" actuate=\"onrequest\"\u003ehttp://www.oldsouthhigh.com/2013/05/24/fading-light-photos-from-the-hrhs-collection/\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\"As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr.\" As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr. Accessed May 11, 2016. \u003cextref href=\"http://www.hughmorrisonexhibition.org/biography/biography.html\" show=\"new\" actuate=\"onrequest\"\u003ehttp://www.hughmorrisonexhibition.org/biography/biography.html\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["\"Hugh Starke Morrison.\" 1840-1925. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.ancestry.com/genealogy/records/hugh-starke-morrison_173100863","K, Jeremiah. \"Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection.\" Fading Light: Photos from the HRHS Collection. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.oldsouthhigh.com/2013/05/24/fading-light-photos-from-the-hrhs-collection/","\"As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr.\" As Good as Can Be - Shenandoah County Through the Lens of Hugh Morrison, Jr. Accessed May 11, 2016. http://www.hughmorrisonexhibition.org/biography/biography.html"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHugh Starke Morrison was born February 4, 1840 in Orange, Virginia to William Dabney and Elizabeth Morrison (née Clinedinst). He married Susan Ann Elick in 1866 and had two children (Hugh Jr., b.1871 and Anna, b. 1875). Hugh Starke opened a photography studio on Harrisonburg's Court Square in 1859. His son, Hugh Morrison Jr., became a traveling photographer in Shenandoah County, Virginia and went on to have his own successful photography studio in Woodstock. Hugh Starke operated his photography studio into the twentieth century. He passed away on March 11, 1925 in Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Hugh Starke Morrison was born February 4, 1840 in Orange, Virginia to William Dabney and Elizabeth Morrison (née Clinedinst). He married Susan Ann Elick in 1866 and had two children (Hugh Jr., b.1871 and Anna, b. 1875). Hugh Starke opened a photography studio on Harrisonburg's Court Square in 1859. His son, Hugh Morrison Jr., became a traveling photographer in Shenandoah County, Virginia and went on to have his own successful photography studio in Woodstock. Hugh Starke operated his photography studio into the twentieth century. He passed away on March 11, 1925 in Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, SC 0004, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, SC 0004, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eExamples of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography can be found in the following collections: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870-1950, SC 0317, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSaufley Family Photographs, 1880-1903, SC 0316, Special Collections, 1880-1903, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther related collections include:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge W.W Scothern Daybooks, 1905-1911, SC 0142, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHugh Morrison Jr. Photographs, Shenandoah County Historical Society.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Examples of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography can be found in the following collections:","Sheetz and Dellinger Family Papers, 1870-1950, SC 0317, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Saufley Family Photographs, 1880-1903, SC 0316, Special Collections, 1880-1903, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Other related collections include:","George W.W Scothern Daybooks, 1905-1911, SC 0142, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Hugh Morrison Jr. Photographs, Shenandoah County Historical Society."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia. The account book is marked on the front inside page with \"Hugh Morrison\" and \"March 11th 1871.\" Approximately half of the 285-page account book records patrons' names, location, services rendered, and their respective cost. Hugh Starke served customers from the greater Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, and Shenandoah County area including the towns of Lacey Spring, Cross Keys, Ottobine, Dayton, and New Market. The remaining pages record expenses. Part of the expenses listed relate to the photography studio and are designated as \"gallery expenses.\" These include frames, glass, and freight. Hugh Starke also kept monthly accounts for his personal expenses which included foodstuffs, clothing (\"shoes for Susan $1.50\"), and medicine. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOf particular interest is a draft letter to Charles G. Allen dated April 30, 1872 (page 275-276). In it, Hugh Starke writes:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003eI have been wide awake and duly sober and in the active pursuit of my Photographic occupation, enjoying the generous and remunerating patronage of the citizens of all ages sexes creeds and colors of the little Burg \u0026amp; vicinity. I have been married since 66 and am proud of a hiarty [sic] little male heir who I hope will soon be able to assist me in making impressions of our good Patrons.\u003c/blockquote\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs fate would have it, Hugh Starke's son, Hugh Morrison Jr., went on to have a prolific photography career of his own in Shenandoah County. Not related to Hugh Starke's photography business are two drafts (page 280 and 283) of a February 12, 1872 letter that he wrote to The New York Times commenting on the growth of the Republican Party in Rockingham County.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia. The account book is marked on the front inside page with \"Hugh Morrison\" and \"March 11th 1871.\" Approximately half of the 285-page account book records patrons' names, location, services rendered, and their respective cost. Hugh Starke served customers from the greater Harrisonburg, Rockingham County, and Shenandoah County area including the towns of Lacey Spring, Cross Keys, Ottobine, Dayton, and New Market. The remaining pages record expenses. Part of the expenses listed relate to the photography studio and are designated as \"gallery expenses.\" These include frames, glass, and freight. Hugh Starke also kept monthly accounts for his personal expenses which included foodstuffs, clothing (\"shoes for Susan $1.50\"), and medicine.","Of particular interest is a draft letter to Charles G. Allen dated April 30, 1872 (page 275-276). In it, Hugh Starke writes:","I have been wide awake and duly sober and in the active pursuit of my Photographic occupation, enjoying the generous and remunerating patronage of the citizens of all ages sexes creeds and colors of the little Burg \u0026 vicinity. I have been married since 66 and am proud of a hiarty [sic] little male heir who I hope will soon be able to assist me in making impressions of our good Patrons.","As fate would have it, Hugh Starke's son, Hugh Morrison Jr., went on to have a prolific photography career of his own in Shenandoah County. Not related to Hugh Starke's photography business are two drafts (page 280 and 283) of a February 12, 1872 letter that he wrote to The New York Times commenting on the growth of the Republican Party in Rockingham County."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk: library-special@jmu.edu.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk: library-special@jmu.edu."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_47fed036cb10a8981ed5227c61892d56\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Hugh Starke Morrison Account Book, 1871-1876, consists of one ledger that documents the business transactions and expenses of Hugh Starke Morrison's photography studio in Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Between the Covers Rare Books"],"names_coll_ssim":["Between the Covers Rare Books"],"persname_ssim":["Morrison, Hugh Starke, 1840-1925"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Between the Covers Rare Books","Morrison, Hugh Starke, 1840-1925"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_337"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_788","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892/1895","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_788#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_788#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Two ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_788#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_788","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_788","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_788","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_788","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_788.xml","title_ssm":["J. P. Houck ledgers"],"title_tesim":["J. P. Houck ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1892-1895"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1892-1895"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1892/1895"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892/1895"],"text":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892/1895","SC 0407","/repositories/4/resources/788","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 19th century","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Tanning -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Retail trade -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Ledgers (account books)","Account books -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Business records -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Joseph P. Houck (1839-1908) was a Harrisonburg-based businessman and proprietor of Houck Tannery and J. P. Houck Store. Houck was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania and relocated to Page County in 1866 to work at Shenandoah Iron Works. In the late 1870s, after moving to Harrisonburg with his family, he established Houck Tannery (previously Harrisonburg Steam Tannery) and J. P. Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods and a variety of household furnishings.","Per the donor's recollections, she acquired the ledgers from a friend who lived in an apartment at 83 S. Main St. Harrisonburg circa 1992.","McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Two ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A daybook, dated 1895, lists daily transactions presumably at the J. P. Houck Store. Entries include customer names and goods purchased. Merchandise purchased includes tobacco, oil cloth, shoes, \"retipping shoes,\" boots, harness dressing, mattresses, pillows, matting, and more. \"J. P. Houck\" is inscribed several times on the inside of the book. Common local surnames are present in the daybook and include Kavanaugh, Shifflett, Snyder, Roller, Moyers, Coffman, Funkhouser, Landis, Yancey, Pankey, and more.","A second ledger documents employee timekeeping and payroll from 1892-1894. Individuals are listed with their total time, wages per day and total amount due. A check mark indicates that the individual received payment. Surnames include Propst, Sellers, Coffman, Clatterbuck, Leake, Webster, Black, Fitzwater, Baugher, Boyers, Dovel, and more. Several handwritten promissory notes referencing J. P. Houck loaning money to employees are laid in the book.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","Two ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Keach, Jennifer A.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892/1895"],"collection_ssim":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892/1895"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0407","/repositories/4/resources/788"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0407","/repositories/4/resources/788"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 19th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 19th century"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 19th century"],"creator_ssm":["J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Keach, Jennifer A."],"creator_ssim":["J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Keach, Jennifer A."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Keach, Jennifer A."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Keach, Jennifer A.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Jennifer Keach, former JMU Libraries faculty."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Tanning -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Retail trade -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Ledgers (account books)","Account books -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Business records -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Tanning -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Retail trade -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Ledgers (account books)","Account books -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Business records -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 cubic feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 cubic feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Ledgers (account books)","Account books -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Business records -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century"],"date_range_isim":[1892,1893,1894,1895],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph P. Houck (1839-1908) was a Harrisonburg-based businessman and proprietor of Houck Tannery and J. P. Houck Store. Houck was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania and relocated to Page County in 1866 to work at Shenandoah Iron Works. In the late 1870s, after moving to Harrisonburg with his family, he established Houck Tannery (previously Harrisonburg Steam Tannery) and J. P. Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods and a variety of household furnishings.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph P. Houck (1839-1908) was a Harrisonburg-based businessman and proprietor of Houck Tannery and J. P. Houck Store. Houck was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania and relocated to Page County in 1866 to work at Shenandoah Iron Works. In the late 1870s, after moving to Harrisonburg with his family, he established Houck Tannery (previously Harrisonburg Steam Tannery) and J. P. Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods and a variety of household furnishings."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePer the donor's recollections, she acquired the ledgers from a friend who lived in an apartment at 83 S. Main St. Harrisonburg circa 1992.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["Per the donor's recollections, she acquired the ledgers from a friend who lived in an apartment at 83 S. Main St. Harrisonburg circa 1992."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMcHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA daybook, dated 1895, lists daily transactions presumably at the J. P. Houck Store. Entries include customer names and goods purchased. Merchandise purchased includes tobacco, oil cloth, shoes, \"retipping shoes,\" boots, harness dressing, mattresses, pillows, matting, and more. \"J. P. Houck\" is inscribed several times on the inside of the book. Common local surnames are present in the daybook and include Kavanaugh, Shifflett, Snyder, Roller, Moyers, Coffman, Funkhouser, Landis, Yancey, Pankey, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA second ledger documents employee timekeeping and payroll from 1892-1894. Individuals are listed with their total time, wages per day and total amount due. A check mark indicates that the individual received payment. Surnames include Propst, Sellers, Coffman, Clatterbuck, Leake, Webster, Black, Fitzwater, Baugher, Boyers, Dovel, and more. Several handwritten promissory notes referencing J. P. Houck loaning money to employees are laid in the book.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Two ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A daybook, dated 1895, lists daily transactions presumably at the J. P. Houck Store. Entries include customer names and goods purchased. Merchandise purchased includes tobacco, oil cloth, shoes, \"retipping shoes,\" boots, harness dressing, mattresses, pillows, matting, and more. \"J. P. Houck\" is inscribed several times on the inside of the book. Common local surnames are present in the daybook and include Kavanaugh, Shifflett, Snyder, Roller, Moyers, Coffman, Funkhouser, Landis, Yancey, Pankey, and more.","A second ledger documents employee timekeeping and payroll from 1892-1894. Individuals are listed with their total time, wages per day and total amount due. A check mark indicates that the individual received payment. Surnames include Propst, Sellers, Coffman, Clatterbuck, Leake, Webster, Black, Fitzwater, Baugher, Boyers, Dovel, and more. Several handwritten promissory notes referencing J. P. Houck loaning money to employees are laid in the book."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a9b7cfdf2dffe9aabb3d1477c37f4e81\"\u003eTwo ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Two ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Keach, Jennifer A."],"names_coll_ssim":["Keach, Jennifer A."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Keach, Jennifer A."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:58:12.526Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_788","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_788","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_788","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_788","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_788.xml","title_ssm":["J. P. Houck ledgers"],"title_tesim":["J. P. Houck ledgers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1892-1895"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1892-1895"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1892/1895"],"normalized_title_ssm":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892/1895"],"text":["J. P. Houck ledgers, 1892/1895","SC 0407","/repositories/4/resources/788","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Economic conditions -- 19th century","Leather industry and trade -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Tanning -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Tanneries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Retail trade -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Industries -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Ledgers (account books)","Account books -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Business records -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- 19th century","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Joseph P. Houck (1839-1908) was a Harrisonburg-based businessman and proprietor of Houck Tannery and J. P. Houck Store. Houck was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania and relocated to Page County in 1866 to work at Shenandoah Iron Works. In the late 1870s, after moving to Harrisonburg with his family, he established Houck Tannery (previously Harrisonburg Steam Tannery) and J. P. Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods and a variety of household furnishings.","Per the donor's recollections, she acquired the ledgers from a friend who lived in an apartment at 83 S. Main St. Harrisonburg circa 1992.","McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.","Two ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A daybook, dated 1895, lists daily transactions presumably at the J. P. Houck Store. Entries include customer names and goods purchased. Merchandise purchased includes tobacco, oil cloth, shoes, \"retipping shoes,\" boots, harness dressing, mattresses, pillows, matting, and more. \"J. P. Houck\" is inscribed several times on the inside of the book. Common local surnames are present in the daybook and include Kavanaugh, Shifflett, Snyder, Roller, Moyers, Coffman, Funkhouser, Landis, Yancey, Pankey, and more.","A second ledger documents employee timekeeping and payroll from 1892-1894. Individuals are listed with their total time, wages per day and total amount due. A check mark indicates that the individual received payment. Surnames include Propst, Sellers, Coffman, Clatterbuck, Leake, Webster, Black, Fitzwater, Baugher, Boyers, Dovel, and more. Several handwritten promissory notes referencing J. P. Houck loaning money to employees are laid in the book.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. 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Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJoseph P. Houck (1839-1908) was a Harrisonburg-based businessman and proprietor of Houck Tannery and J. P. Houck Store. Houck was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania and relocated to Page County in 1866 to work at Shenandoah Iron Works. In the late 1870s, after moving to Harrisonburg with his family, he established Houck Tannery (previously Harrisonburg Steam Tannery) and J. P. Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods and a variety of household furnishings.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Joseph P. Houck (1839-1908) was a Harrisonburg-based businessman and proprietor of Houck Tannery and J. P. Houck Store. Houck was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania and relocated to Page County in 1866 to work at Shenandoah Iron Works. In the late 1870s, after moving to Harrisonburg with his family, he established Houck Tannery (previously Harrisonburg Steam Tannery) and J. P. Houck Store near Court Square which sold leather goods and a variety of household furnishings."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePer the donor's recollections, she acquired the ledgers from a friend who lived in an apartment at 83 S. 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Houck ledgers, 1892-1895, SC 0407, James Madison University Special Collections, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMcHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["McHone (LLC) Collection of Houck Tannery Records, 1870-1913, SC 0172, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA daybook, dated 1895, lists daily transactions presumably at the J. P. Houck Store. Entries include customer names and goods purchased. Merchandise purchased includes tobacco, oil cloth, shoes, \"retipping shoes,\" boots, harness dressing, mattresses, pillows, matting, and more. \"J. P. Houck\" is inscribed several times on the inside of the book. Common local surnames are present in the daybook and include Kavanaugh, Shifflett, Snyder, Roller, Moyers, Coffman, Funkhouser, Landis, Yancey, Pankey, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA second ledger documents employee timekeeping and payroll from 1892-1894. Individuals are listed with their total time, wages per day and total amount due. A check mark indicates that the individual received payment. Surnames include Propst, Sellers, Coffman, Clatterbuck, Leake, Webster, Black, Fitzwater, Baugher, Boyers, Dovel, and more. Several handwritten promissory notes referencing J. P. Houck loaning money to employees are laid in the book.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Two ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia.","A daybook, dated 1895, lists daily transactions presumably at the J. P. Houck Store. Entries include customer names and goods purchased. Merchandise purchased includes tobacco, oil cloth, shoes, \"retipping shoes,\" boots, harness dressing, mattresses, pillows, matting, and more. \"J. P. Houck\" is inscribed several times on the inside of the book. Common local surnames are present in the daybook and include Kavanaugh, Shifflett, Snyder, Roller, Moyers, Coffman, Funkhouser, Landis, Yancey, Pankey, and more.","A second ledger documents employee timekeeping and payroll from 1892-1894. Individuals are listed with their total time, wages per day and total amount due. A check mark indicates that the individual received payment. Surnames include Propst, Sellers, Coffman, Clatterbuck, Leake, Webster, Black, Fitzwater, Baugher, Boyers, Dovel, and more. Several handwritten promissory notes referencing J. P. Houck loaning money to employees are laid in the book."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a9b7cfdf2dffe9aabb3d1477c37f4e81\"\u003eTwo ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Two ledgers documenting the business activities conducted by J. P. Houck, presumably on behalf of his general store and/or tannery in Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","J. P. Houck Store (Harrisonburg, Va.)","Houck Tannery (Harrisonburg, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Keach, Jennifer A."],"names_coll_ssim":["Keach, Jennifer A."],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","J. P. 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Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Collection materials are arranged according to interviewee.","Lucy Frances Simms was born into slavery in 1856 at the Hill Top Plantation located along Harrisonburg's northeast boundary. After Emancipation, her family settled on the same land where they were formerly enslaved, known as Newtown. As a young girl, Simms attended the Whipple School, Harrisonburg's first African American schoolhouse near Blacks Run, and later enrolled at Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute in Hampton, Virginia where she studied alongside Booker T. Washington. After graduating in 1877 with a teaching certificate, Simms returned to the Harrisonburg area, where she taught three generations of Black students over the course of five decades. She began her teaching career at Long's Chapel schoolhouse in Zenda where she taught for one year before taking a position at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg. Simms taught there for fifty-one years until her death in 1934. She is buried in Newtown Cemetery. Her advocacy and commitment to teaching was commemorated by the Lucy F. Simms School which was built in 1939 as the city's new school for Black students and named in Simms's honor. The school, now known as the Lucy F. Simms Continuing Education Center, was in operation until 1966 when the local schools desegregated.","Recorded at Ellen Walker's residence at 231 East Johnson Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia. It was the former residence of Lucy F. Simms.","Recorded at 192 Kelly Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Recorded at 424 Myrtle Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Recorded at 366 Effinger Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","At some point after their donation in 2001, the cassette tapes were reformatted into a digital format.","The oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house. Topics discussed include Lucy Simms as an educator and her teaching style; local African American education more broadly; and social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods.","Records the reminiscences of Ellen Walker, who purchased and renovated Lucy Simms' Harrisonburg house in 1997. Describes her childhood and school experiences in Charlottesville, Virginia, in the 1950s and 1960s, during the transition from segregation to integration. Discusses the economic and social impact of segregation on the school systems. Relates how she moved to Harrisonburg in 1994, where she found the Simms house, abandoned and in disrepair. Describes the process of buying the house from the City of Harrisonburg and renovating it with the help of volunteers from the local chapter of Habitat for Humanity. Mentions a number of Simms' papers and letters found in the attic, during renovation. Describes Simms' family, including her mother, sister, and two brothers; John Simms and Ulysses Wilson. Gives a brief account of the final days and death of Lucy Simms in the house, in 1934.","Records the reminiscences of Carlotta Newman Harris, who was a neighbor and student of Lucy Simms in the early twentieth century. Recounts her early family life and her experiences as a student in Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg, Va. (ca. 1917). Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor. Discusses the daily routine at the school, including the role of the principal, her future father-in-law, William Harris, whom she calls \"Dembe.\" Mentions events in subsequent primary grades and her eventual high school graduation from that same school in 1929. Includes recollections of the friendship between her mother and Simms, as well as Simms' standing and reputation in the community. Briefly describes the physical and social changes in her Harrisonburg neighborhood over several decades.","Records the reminiscences of Edgar Johnson, Wilhelmina Johnson, and Louise Winston, three former students of Lucy Simms at the Effinger Street School. Describes Simms' teaching style and her standing in the community. Includes a brief physical description of the Effinger Street School, as well as the Lucy F. Simms School, where all three students were transferred in 1939. Refers to Mary Fairfax, who taught at the Simms School. Discusses the social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods after a major redevelopment project in the 1940s.","Records the reminiscences of Elon Rhodes, a lifelong resident of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Recounts his early family life and his experiences as a student in Lucy Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School (circa 1928), and his subsequent high school graduation from that same school in 1939. Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor, as well as the physical layout of the school building. Mentions the Lucy F. Simms school building, which opened the year he graduated from Effinger Street, in 1939. Briefly mentions the Effinger Street School's principal, William Harris, who would hold the same position at the Simms School. Describes race relations in Harrisonburg, as well as the changing demographic and social structure of the city over several decades. Touches briefly on his service in a segregated Army unit in World War II and his subsequent entry into Harrisonburg municipal government upon his return from the war. Discusses his two terms on the school board and his two years as the vice-mayor of Harrisonburg.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","Effinger Street School","Getachew, Wondwossen","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Walker, Ellen, 1951-","Harris, Carlotta (Mary Carlotta Newman), 1911-2015","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Johnson, Edgar, 1925-2003","Johnson, Wilhelmina","Winston, Louise Helen, 1921-2019","Rhodes, Elon W. 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After Emancipation, her family settled on the same land where they were formerly enslaved, known as Newtown. As a young girl, Simms attended the Whipple School, Harrisonburg's first African American schoolhouse near Blacks Run, and later enrolled at Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute in Hampton, Virginia where she studied alongside Booker T. Washington. After graduating in 1877 with a teaching certificate, Simms returned to the Harrisonburg area, where she taught three generations of Black students over the course of five decades. She began her teaching career at Long's Chapel schoolhouse in Zenda where she taught for one year before taking a position at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg. Simms taught there for fifty-one years until her death in 1934. She is buried in Newtown Cemetery. Her advocacy and commitment to teaching was commemorated by the Lucy F. Simms School which was built in 1939 as the city's new school for Black students and named in Simms's honor. The school, now known as the Lucy F. Simms Continuing Education Center, was in operation until 1966 when the local schools desegregated.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lucy Frances Simms was born into slavery in 1856 at the Hill Top Plantation located along Harrisonburg's northeast boundary. After Emancipation, her family settled on the same land where they were formerly enslaved, known as Newtown. As a young girl, Simms attended the Whipple School, Harrisonburg's first African American schoolhouse near Blacks Run, and later enrolled at Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute in Hampton, Virginia where she studied alongside Booker T. Washington. After graduating in 1877 with a teaching certificate, Simms returned to the Harrisonburg area, where she taught three generations of Black students over the course of five decades. She began her teaching career at Long's Chapel schoolhouse in Zenda where she taught for one year before taking a position at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg. Simms taught there for fifty-one years until her death in 1934. She is buried in Newtown Cemetery. Her advocacy and commitment to teaching was commemorated by the Lucy F. Simms School which was built in 1939 as the city's new school for Black students and named in Simms's honor. The school, now known as the Lucy F. Simms Continuing Education Center, was in operation until 1966 when the local schools desegregated."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecorded at Ellen Walker's residence at 231 East Johnson Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia. It was the former residence of Lucy F. 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Simms.","Recorded at 192 Kelly Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Recorded at 424 Myrtle Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Recorded at 366 Effinger Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Lucy Simms Oral Histories, 2000, SdArch 0020, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Lucy Simms Oral Histories, 2000, SdArch 0020, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAt some point after their donation in 2001, the cassette tapes were reformatted into a digital format.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["At some point after their donation in 2001, the cassette tapes were reformatted into a digital format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house. Topics discussed include Lucy Simms as an educator and her teaching style; local African American education more broadly; and social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminiscences of Ellen Walker, who purchased and renovated Lucy Simms' Harrisonburg house in 1997. Describes her childhood and school experiences in Charlottesville, Virginia, in the 1950s and 1960s, during the transition from segregation to integration. Discusses the economic and social impact of segregation on the school systems. Relates how she moved to Harrisonburg in 1994, where she found the Simms house, abandoned and in disrepair. Describes the process of buying the house from the City of Harrisonburg and renovating it with the help of volunteers from the local chapter of Habitat for Humanity. Mentions a number of Simms' papers and letters found in the attic, during renovation. Describes Simms' family, including her mother, sister, and two brothers; John Simms and Ulysses Wilson. Gives a brief account of the final days and death of Lucy Simms in the house, in 1934.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminiscences of Carlotta Newman Harris, who was a neighbor and student of Lucy Simms in the early twentieth century. Recounts her early family life and her experiences as a student in Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg, Va. (ca. 1917). Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor. Discusses the daily routine at the school, including the role of the principal, her future father-in-law, William Harris, whom she calls \"Dembe.\" Mentions events in subsequent primary grades and her eventual high school graduation from that same school in 1929. Includes recollections of the friendship between her mother and Simms, as well as Simms' standing and reputation in the community. Briefly describes the physical and social changes in her Harrisonburg neighborhood over several decades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminiscences of Edgar Johnson, Wilhelmina Johnson, and Louise Winston, three former students of Lucy Simms at the Effinger Street School. Describes Simms' teaching style and her standing in the community. Includes a brief physical description of the Effinger Street School, as well as the Lucy F. Simms School, where all three students were transferred in 1939. Refers to Mary Fairfax, who taught at the Simms School. Discusses the social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods after a major redevelopment project in the 1940s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminiscences of Elon Rhodes, a lifelong resident of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Recounts his early family life and his experiences as a student in Lucy Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School (circa 1928), and his subsequent high school graduation from that same school in 1939. Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor, as well as the physical layout of the school building. Mentions the Lucy F. Simms school building, which opened the year he graduated from Effinger Street, in 1939. Briefly mentions the Effinger Street School's principal, William Harris, who would hold the same position at the Simms School. Describes race relations in Harrisonburg, as well as the changing demographic and social structure of the city over several decades. Touches briefly on his service in a segregated Army unit in World War II and his subsequent entry into Harrisonburg municipal government upon his return from the war. Discusses his two terms on the school board and his two years as the vice-mayor of Harrisonburg.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house. Topics discussed include Lucy Simms as an educator and her teaching style; local African American education more broadly; and social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods.","Records the reminiscences of Ellen Walker, who purchased and renovated Lucy Simms' Harrisonburg house in 1997. Describes her childhood and school experiences in Charlottesville, Virginia, in the 1950s and 1960s, during the transition from segregation to integration. Discusses the economic and social impact of segregation on the school systems. Relates how she moved to Harrisonburg in 1994, where she found the Simms house, abandoned and in disrepair. Describes the process of buying the house from the City of Harrisonburg and renovating it with the help of volunteers from the local chapter of Habitat for Humanity. Mentions a number of Simms' papers and letters found in the attic, during renovation. Describes Simms' family, including her mother, sister, and two brothers; John Simms and Ulysses Wilson. Gives a brief account of the final days and death of Lucy Simms in the house, in 1934.","Records the reminiscences of Carlotta Newman Harris, who was a neighbor and student of Lucy Simms in the early twentieth century. Recounts her early family life and her experiences as a student in Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg, Va. (ca. 1917). Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor. Discusses the daily routine at the school, including the role of the principal, her future father-in-law, William Harris, whom she calls \"Dembe.\" Mentions events in subsequent primary grades and her eventual high school graduation from that same school in 1929. Includes recollections of the friendship between her mother and Simms, as well as Simms' standing and reputation in the community. Briefly describes the physical and social changes in her Harrisonburg neighborhood over several decades.","Records the reminiscences of Edgar Johnson, Wilhelmina Johnson, and Louise Winston, three former students of Lucy Simms at the Effinger Street School. Describes Simms' teaching style and her standing in the community. Includes a brief physical description of the Effinger Street School, as well as the Lucy F. Simms School, where all three students were transferred in 1939. Refers to Mary Fairfax, who taught at the Simms School. Discusses the social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods after a major redevelopment project in the 1940s.","Records the reminiscences of Elon Rhodes, a lifelong resident of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Recounts his early family life and his experiences as a student in Lucy Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School (circa 1928), and his subsequent high school graduation from that same school in 1939. Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor, as well as the physical layout of the school building. Mentions the Lucy F. Simms school building, which opened the year he graduated from Effinger Street, in 1939. Briefly mentions the Effinger Street School's principal, William Harris, who would hold the same position at the Simms School. Describes race relations in Harrisonburg, as well as the changing demographic and social structure of the city over several decades. Touches briefly on his service in a segregated Army unit in World War II and his subsequent entry into Harrisonburg municipal government upon his return from the war. Discusses his two terms on the school board and his two years as the vice-mayor of Harrisonburg."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c0804b18f89737cff3d0ea6cda7a102b\"\u003eThe oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","Effinger Street School"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","Effinger Street School","Getachew, Wondwossen","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934"],"persname_ssim":["Getachew, Wondwossen","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Walker, Ellen, 1951-","Harris, Carlotta (Mary Carlotta Newman), 1911-2015","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Johnson, Edgar, 1925-2003","Johnson, Wilhelmina","Winston, Louise Helen, 1921-2019","Rhodes, Elon W. (Elon Walter), 1922-2006"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","Effinger Street School","Getachew, Wondwossen","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Walker, Ellen, 1951-","Harris, Carlotta (Mary Carlotta Newman), 1911-2015","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Johnson, Edgar, 1925-2003","Johnson, Wilhelmina","Winston, Louise Helen, 1921-2019","Rhodes, Elon W. (Elon Walter), 1922-2006"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:53.919Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_665","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_665","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_665","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_665","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_665.xml","title_ssm":["Lucy Simms oral histories"],"title_tesim":["Lucy Simms oral histories"],"unitdate_ssm":["2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Lucy Simms oral histories, 2000"],"text":["Lucy Simms oral histories, 2000","SdArch 0020","/repositories/4/resources/665","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- Race relations","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 20th century","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History","African American teachers -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African American teachers and the community -- Sources","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African Americans -- Education (Elementary) -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African Americans -- Education (Secondary) -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History -- Sources","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Social life and customs -- Sources","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Segregation in education -- Virginia -- History","Social change","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","oral histories (literary works)","Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","Collection materials are arranged according to interviewee.","Lucy Frances Simms was born into slavery in 1856 at the Hill Top Plantation located along Harrisonburg's northeast boundary. After Emancipation, her family settled on the same land where they were formerly enslaved, known as Newtown. As a young girl, Simms attended the Whipple School, Harrisonburg's first African American schoolhouse near Blacks Run, and later enrolled at Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute in Hampton, Virginia where she studied alongside Booker T. Washington. After graduating in 1877 with a teaching certificate, Simms returned to the Harrisonburg area, where she taught three generations of Black students over the course of five decades. She began her teaching career at Long's Chapel schoolhouse in Zenda where she taught for one year before taking a position at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg. Simms taught there for fifty-one years until her death in 1934. She is buried in Newtown Cemetery. Her advocacy and commitment to teaching was commemorated by the Lucy F. Simms School which was built in 1939 as the city's new school for Black students and named in Simms's honor. The school, now known as the Lucy F. Simms Continuing Education Center, was in operation until 1966 when the local schools desegregated.","Recorded at Ellen Walker's residence at 231 East Johnson Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia. It was the former residence of Lucy F. Simms.","Recorded at 192 Kelly Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Recorded at 424 Myrtle Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Recorded at 366 Effinger Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","At some point after their donation in 2001, the cassette tapes were reformatted into a digital format.","The oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house. Topics discussed include Lucy Simms as an educator and her teaching style; local African American education more broadly; and social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods.","Records the reminiscences of Ellen Walker, who purchased and renovated Lucy Simms' Harrisonburg house in 1997. Describes her childhood and school experiences in Charlottesville, Virginia, in the 1950s and 1960s, during the transition from segregation to integration. Discusses the economic and social impact of segregation on the school systems. Relates how she moved to Harrisonburg in 1994, where she found the Simms house, abandoned and in disrepair. Describes the process of buying the house from the City of Harrisonburg and renovating it with the help of volunteers from the local chapter of Habitat for Humanity. Mentions a number of Simms' papers and letters found in the attic, during renovation. Describes Simms' family, including her mother, sister, and two brothers; John Simms and Ulysses Wilson. Gives a brief account of the final days and death of Lucy Simms in the house, in 1934.","Records the reminiscences of Carlotta Newman Harris, who was a neighbor and student of Lucy Simms in the early twentieth century. Recounts her early family life and her experiences as a student in Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg, Va. (ca. 1917). Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor. Discusses the daily routine at the school, including the role of the principal, her future father-in-law, William Harris, whom she calls \"Dembe.\" Mentions events in subsequent primary grades and her eventual high school graduation from that same school in 1929. Includes recollections of the friendship between her mother and Simms, as well as Simms' standing and reputation in the community. Briefly describes the physical and social changes in her Harrisonburg neighborhood over several decades.","Records the reminiscences of Edgar Johnson, Wilhelmina Johnson, and Louise Winston, three former students of Lucy Simms at the Effinger Street School. Describes Simms' teaching style and her standing in the community. Includes a brief physical description of the Effinger Street School, as well as the Lucy F. Simms School, where all three students were transferred in 1939. Refers to Mary Fairfax, who taught at the Simms School. Discusses the social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods after a major redevelopment project in the 1940s.","Records the reminiscences of Elon Rhodes, a lifelong resident of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Recounts his early family life and his experiences as a student in Lucy Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School (circa 1928), and his subsequent high school graduation from that same school in 1939. Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor, as well as the physical layout of the school building. Mentions the Lucy F. Simms school building, which opened the year he graduated from Effinger Street, in 1939. Briefly mentions the Effinger Street School's principal, William Harris, who would hold the same position at the Simms School. Describes race relations in Harrisonburg, as well as the changing demographic and social structure of the city over several decades. Touches briefly on his service in a segregated Army unit in World War II and his subsequent entry into Harrisonburg municipal government upon his return from the war. Discusses his two terms on the school board and his two years as the vice-mayor of Harrisonburg.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","Effinger Street School","Getachew, Wondwossen","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Walker, Ellen, 1951-","Harris, Carlotta (Mary Carlotta Newman), 1911-2015","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Johnson, Edgar, 1925-2003","Johnson, Wilhelmina","Winston, Louise Helen, 1921-2019","Rhodes, Elon W. 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For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Cassette tapes, transcripts, and background paper were donated to Special Collections by interviewer Wondwossen Getachew in January 2001."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American teachers -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African American teachers and the community -- Sources","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African Americans -- Education (Elementary) -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African Americans -- Education (Secondary) -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History -- Sources","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Social life and customs -- Sources","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Segregation in education -- Virginia -- History","Social change","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","oral histories (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American teachers -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African American teachers and the community -- Sources","African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African Americans -- Education (Elementary) -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African Americans -- Education (Secondary) -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Sources","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History -- Sources","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Social life and customs -- Sources","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Economic conditions -- Sources","Slavery -- Virginia -- Rockingham County","Segregation in education -- Virginia -- History","Social change","African Americans -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- History","oral histories (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.09 cubic feet 5 folders, 6 audiocassettes"],"extent_tesim":["0.09 cubic feet 5 folders, 6 audiocassettes"],"genreform_ssim":["oral histories (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open to research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection materials are arranged according to interviewee.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection materials are arranged according to interviewee."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLucy Frances Simms was born into slavery in 1856 at the Hill Top Plantation located along Harrisonburg's northeast boundary. After Emancipation, her family settled on the same land where they were formerly enslaved, known as Newtown. As a young girl, Simms attended the Whipple School, Harrisonburg's first African American schoolhouse near Blacks Run, and later enrolled at Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute in Hampton, Virginia where she studied alongside Booker T. Washington. After graduating in 1877 with a teaching certificate, Simms returned to the Harrisonburg area, where she taught three generations of Black students over the course of five decades. She began her teaching career at Long's Chapel schoolhouse in Zenda where she taught for one year before taking a position at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg. Simms taught there for fifty-one years until her death in 1934. She is buried in Newtown Cemetery. Her advocacy and commitment to teaching was commemorated by the Lucy F. Simms School which was built in 1939 as the city's new school for Black students and named in Simms's honor. The school, now known as the Lucy F. Simms Continuing Education Center, was in operation until 1966 when the local schools desegregated.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Bio/Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Lucy Frances Simms was born into slavery in 1856 at the Hill Top Plantation located along Harrisonburg's northeast boundary. After Emancipation, her family settled on the same land where they were formerly enslaved, known as Newtown. As a young girl, Simms attended the Whipple School, Harrisonburg's first African American schoolhouse near Blacks Run, and later enrolled at Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute in Hampton, Virginia where she studied alongside Booker T. Washington. After graduating in 1877 with a teaching certificate, Simms returned to the Harrisonburg area, where she taught three generations of Black students over the course of five decades. She began her teaching career at Long's Chapel schoolhouse in Zenda where she taught for one year before taking a position at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg. Simms taught there for fifty-one years until her death in 1934. She is buried in Newtown Cemetery. Her advocacy and commitment to teaching was commemorated by the Lucy F. Simms School which was built in 1939 as the city's new school for Black students and named in Simms's honor. The school, now known as the Lucy F. Simms Continuing Education Center, was in operation until 1966 when the local schools desegregated."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecorded at Ellen Walker's residence at 231 East Johnson Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia. It was the former residence of Lucy F. Simms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecorded at 192 Kelly Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecorded at 424 Myrtle Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecorded at 366 Effinger Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Location of Interview","Location of Interview","Location of Interview","Location of Interview"],"odd_tesim":["Recorded at Ellen Walker's residence at 231 East Johnson Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia. It was the former residence of Lucy F. Simms.","Recorded at 192 Kelly Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Recorded at 424 Myrtle Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia.","Recorded at 366 Effinger Street, Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Lucy Simms Oral Histories, 2000, SdArch 0020, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[identification of item], [box #, folder #], Lucy Simms Oral Histories, 2000, SdArch 0020, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAt some point after their donation in 2001, the cassette tapes were reformatted into a digital format.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["At some point after their donation in 2001, the cassette tapes were reformatted into a digital format."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house. Topics discussed include Lucy Simms as an educator and her teaching style; local African American education more broadly; and social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminiscences of Ellen Walker, who purchased and renovated Lucy Simms' Harrisonburg house in 1997. Describes her childhood and school experiences in Charlottesville, Virginia, in the 1950s and 1960s, during the transition from segregation to integration. Discusses the economic and social impact of segregation on the school systems. Relates how she moved to Harrisonburg in 1994, where she found the Simms house, abandoned and in disrepair. Describes the process of buying the house from the City of Harrisonburg and renovating it with the help of volunteers from the local chapter of Habitat for Humanity. Mentions a number of Simms' papers and letters found in the attic, during renovation. Describes Simms' family, including her mother, sister, and two brothers; John Simms and Ulysses Wilson. Gives a brief account of the final days and death of Lucy Simms in the house, in 1934.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminiscences of Carlotta Newman Harris, who was a neighbor and student of Lucy Simms in the early twentieth century. Recounts her early family life and her experiences as a student in Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg, Va. (ca. 1917). Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor. Discusses the daily routine at the school, including the role of the principal, her future father-in-law, William Harris, whom she calls \"Dembe.\" Mentions events in subsequent primary grades and her eventual high school graduation from that same school in 1929. Includes recollections of the friendship between her mother and Simms, as well as Simms' standing and reputation in the community. Briefly describes the physical and social changes in her Harrisonburg neighborhood over several decades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminiscences of Edgar Johnson, Wilhelmina Johnson, and Louise Winston, three former students of Lucy Simms at the Effinger Street School. Describes Simms' teaching style and her standing in the community. Includes a brief physical description of the Effinger Street School, as well as the Lucy F. Simms School, where all three students were transferred in 1939. Refers to Mary Fairfax, who taught at the Simms School. Discusses the social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods after a major redevelopment project in the 1940s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords the reminiscences of Elon Rhodes, a lifelong resident of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Recounts his early family life and his experiences as a student in Lucy Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School (circa 1928), and his subsequent high school graduation from that same school in 1939. Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor, as well as the physical layout of the school building. Mentions the Lucy F. Simms school building, which opened the year he graduated from Effinger Street, in 1939. Briefly mentions the Effinger Street School's principal, William Harris, who would hold the same position at the Simms School. Describes race relations in Harrisonburg, as well as the changing demographic and social structure of the city over several decades. Touches briefly on his service in a segregated Army unit in World War II and his subsequent entry into Harrisonburg municipal government upon his return from the war. Discusses his two terms on the school board and his two years as the vice-mayor of Harrisonburg.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house. Topics discussed include Lucy Simms as an educator and her teaching style; local African American education more broadly; and social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods.","Records the reminiscences of Ellen Walker, who purchased and renovated Lucy Simms' Harrisonburg house in 1997. Describes her childhood and school experiences in Charlottesville, Virginia, in the 1950s and 1960s, during the transition from segregation to integration. Discusses the economic and social impact of segregation on the school systems. Relates how she moved to Harrisonburg in 1994, where she found the Simms house, abandoned and in disrepair. Describes the process of buying the house from the City of Harrisonburg and renovating it with the help of volunteers from the local chapter of Habitat for Humanity. Mentions a number of Simms' papers and letters found in the attic, during renovation. Describes Simms' family, including her mother, sister, and two brothers; John Simms and Ulysses Wilson. Gives a brief account of the final days and death of Lucy Simms in the house, in 1934.","Records the reminiscences of Carlotta Newman Harris, who was a neighbor and student of Lucy Simms in the early twentieth century. Recounts her early family life and her experiences as a student in Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School in Harrisonburg, Va. (ca. 1917). Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor. Discusses the daily routine at the school, including the role of the principal, her future father-in-law, William Harris, whom she calls \"Dembe.\" Mentions events in subsequent primary grades and her eventual high school graduation from that same school in 1929. Includes recollections of the friendship between her mother and Simms, as well as Simms' standing and reputation in the community. Briefly describes the physical and social changes in her Harrisonburg neighborhood over several decades.","Records the reminiscences of Edgar Johnson, Wilhelmina Johnson, and Louise Winston, three former students of Lucy Simms at the Effinger Street School. Describes Simms' teaching style and her standing in the community. Includes a brief physical description of the Effinger Street School, as well as the Lucy F. Simms School, where all three students were transferred in 1939. Refers to Mary Fairfax, who taught at the Simms School. Discusses the social, economic, and demographic changes to Harrisonburg's African American neighborhoods after a major redevelopment project in the 1940s.","Records the reminiscences of Elon Rhodes, a lifelong resident of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Recounts his early family life and his experiences as a student in Lucy Simms' first grade class at the Effinger Street School (circa 1928), and his subsequent high school graduation from that same school in 1939. Describes Simms' teaching technique and classroom demeanor, as well as the physical layout of the school building. Mentions the Lucy F. Simms school building, which opened the year he graduated from Effinger Street, in 1939. Briefly mentions the Effinger Street School's principal, William Harris, who would hold the same position at the Simms School. Describes race relations in Harrisonburg, as well as the changing demographic and social structure of the city over several decades. Touches briefly on his service in a segregated Army unit in World War II and his subsequent entry into Harrisonburg municipal government upon his return from the war. Discusses his two terms on the school board and his two years as the vice-mayor of Harrisonburg."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collections Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c0804b18f89737cff3d0ea6cda7a102b\"\u003eThe oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The oral history collection includes the recollections of Carlotta Harris, Edgar Johnson and wife, Wilhelmina Johnson, Louise Winston, and Elon Rhodes, former students of Lucy Simms, and Ellen Walker, current owner of the Lucy Simms house."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","Effinger Street School"],"names_coll_ssim":["Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","Effinger Street School","Getachew, Wondwossen","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934"],"persname_ssim":["Getachew, Wondwossen","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Walker, Ellen, 1951-","Harris, Carlotta (Mary Carlotta Newman), 1911-2015","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Johnson, Edgar, 1925-2003","Johnson, Wilhelmina","Winston, Louise Helen, 1921-2019","Rhodes, Elon W. (Elon Walter), 1922-2006"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Lucy F. Simms School (Public school)","Effinger Street School","Getachew, Wondwossen","Simms, Lucy F. (Lucy Frances), 1856-1934","Walker, Ellen, 1951-","Harris, Carlotta (Mary Carlotta Newman), 1911-2015","Newman, George A. (George Ambrose), 1855-1944","Johnson, Edgar, 1925-2003","Johnson, Wilhelmina","Winston, Louise Helen, 1921-2019","Rhodes, Elon W. (Elon Walter), 1922-2006"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:53.919Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_665"}},{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_305","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862/1883","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_305#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_305#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg between 1862 and 1883, with short entries pertaining to the Civil War in the Shenandoah Valley, the weather, local births, deaths and marriages, and daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, and travel.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vihart_repositories_4_resources_305#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_305","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_305","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_305","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_305","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_305.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Jordan Diaries"],"title_tesim":["Mary Jordan Diaries"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1883"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1883"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1883"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862/1883"],"text":["Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862/1883","SC 0162","/repositories/4/resources/305","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- History -- 19th century -- Social life and customs","Women -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Diaries","Women -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Diaries","Diaries","Weather diaries","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","A transcribed copy of the 1862-1864 diary, Harrisonburg, Virginia: Diary of a Citizen from May 9, 1862-August 22, 1864, Local Events During the Civil War (1961), is cataloged and available in Special Collections.","The diaries remain bound and housed in two folders.","Wayland, John. Historic Harrisonburg. Harrisonburg, VA: C. J. Carrier Company, 1990: 282.","Find A Grave. \"Mary Jordan (1798-1883).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 16632274. Accessed May 21, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16632274.","Lathrop, J.M. and B.N. Griffing. An atlas of Rockingham County, Virginia from actual surveys by J. M. Lathrop and B. N. Griffing. Philadelphia, Pa. : D. J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","Firebaugh, Marshall A. Rockingham County personals : published 1884 in Hardesty's Encyclopedia, republished 1984. Harrisonburg, Va. : Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1984.","Mary Jordan (1798-1883) lived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, with her daughter, Julia Ann Jordan Sprinkel, and Julia's husband, Arthur St. Clair in Harrisonburg. The Sprinkel family homestead was located on the corner of Main and Rock streets. The local African-American church and school were located in this the same section of town, suggesting why Jordan mentions the deaths of several local African Americans in her 1879 diary. The 1879 diary also contains mentions of her granddaughters, \"Mag\" (Margaret) and Mary. Jordan is buried at Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg.","The 1862-1864 diary was part of the private collection of Maxine and E.R. Grymes Heneberger of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Grymes Heneberger found the diary in 1960 and had it transcribed. He self-published a small run of copies which he offered for sale and distributed to local libraries.","The 1879-1883 diary was part of the Harrison family estate of Harrisonburg, Virginia.","While the 1862-1864 diary does not include any explicit identifying information about the creator, contextual information confirms it was  written by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Both December 5 entries in the diary (1862 and 1863) record Jordan's exact birthday and year. This corresponds to the birth year recorded in the 1879-1883 diary. Additionally, the handwriting in present in both diaries matches as does the scribbling used to separate diary entries.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4025.","The collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg.","The first diary dates from May 9, 1862 through August 22, 1864. Jordan's entries describe the death of Turner Ashby (\"Col. Ashby was killed this evening. Poor Ashby poor fellow\"), the Battle of New Market and other battles of note, troop and prisoner movements through Harrisonburg, death and burials of local soldiers, and Union soldiers movements. Additional entries of note include May 7, 1863: \"The Yankee's advanceing great excitement in Town and Country people moveing cattle and negroes and all the commisary stores there was never so much confusion in this place before.\"","Names of Charles Frank Echard (1870-1941) family members are penciled in the diary and post-date Mary Jordan's entries. Echard was married to Maude Jordan Dillard, Mary Jordan's great granddaughter.","The second diary dates from January 1, 1879 until October 1879, and also includes scattered entries through 1883. The diary entries are brief and record the weather, daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, travel of relatives to Baltimore, and getting loads of wood and barrels of flour. Occasional items of local news are also mentioned, such as court dates, trials, births, marriages, and deaths, including the deaths of several African Americans living in Harrisonburg in 1879 (\"Sunday January the 26th 1879 A coulered woman buried this evening\").","On the first page is written: \"Mary Jordan born in 17 hundred and 98 and this is 1879 I am still here.\" Family names mentioned in the diary include Sprinkel, Dillard, Bowman, Rohr, Wilton, and Dwyer, among others.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg between 1862 and 1883, with short entries pertaining to the Civil War in the Shenandoah Valley, the weather, local births, deaths and marriages, and daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, and travel.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862/1883"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862/1883"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0162","/repositories/4/resources/305"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0162","/repositories/4/resources/305"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- History -- 19th century -- Social life and customs"],"geogname_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- History -- 19th century -- Social life and customs"],"places_ssim":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- History -- 19th century -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_ssim":["Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creators_ssim":["Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The diary dated 1879-1883 was purchased from Green Valley Auctions in January 2002.","The diary dated 1862-1864 was purchased from Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates in August 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Diaries","Women -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Diaries","Diaries","Weather diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Diaries","Women -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Diaries","Diaries","Weather diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 cubic feet 2 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 cubic feet 2 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries","Weather diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA transcribed copy of the 1862-1864 diary, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrisonburg, Virginia: Diary of a Citizen from May 9, 1862-August 22, 1864, Local Events During the Civil War\u003c/emph\u003e (1961), is cataloged and available in Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format"],"altformavail_tesim":["A transcribed copy of the 1862-1864 diary, Harrisonburg, Virginia: Diary of a Citizen from May 9, 1862-August 22, 1864, Local Events During the Civil War (1961), is cataloged and available in Special Collections."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe diaries remain bound and housed in two folders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The diaries remain bound and housed in two folders."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg, VA: C. J. Carrier Company, 1990: 282. \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFind A Grave\u003c/emph\u003e. \"Mary Jordan (1798-1883).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 16632274. Accessed May 21, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16632274.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eLathrop, J.M. and B.N. Griffing. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAn atlas of Rockingham County, Virginia from actual surveys by J. M. Lathrop and B. N. Griffing.\u003c/emph\u003e Philadelphia, Pa. : D. J. Lake \u0026amp; Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eFirebaugh, Marshall A. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham County personals : published 1884 in Hardesty's Encyclopedia, republished 1984.\u003c/emph\u003e Harrisonburg, Va. : Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1984.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Wayland, John. Historic Harrisonburg. Harrisonburg, VA: C. J. Carrier Company, 1990: 282.","Find A Grave. \"Mary Jordan (1798-1883).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 16632274. Accessed May 21, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16632274.","Lathrop, J.M. and B.N. Griffing. An atlas of Rockingham County, Virginia from actual surveys by J. M. Lathrop and B. N. Griffing. Philadelphia, Pa. : D. J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","Firebaugh, Marshall A. Rockingham County personals : published 1884 in Hardesty's Encyclopedia, republished 1984. Harrisonburg, Va. : Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1984."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Jordan (1798-1883) lived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, with her daughter, Julia Ann Jordan Sprinkel, and Julia's husband, Arthur St. Clair in Harrisonburg. The Sprinkel family homestead was located on the corner of Main and Rock streets. The local African-American church and school were located in this the same section of town, suggesting why Jordan mentions the deaths of several local African Americans in her 1879 diary. The 1879 diary also contains mentions of her granddaughters, \"Mag\" (Margaret) and Mary. Jordan is buried at Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mary Jordan (1798-1883) lived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, with her daughter, Julia Ann Jordan Sprinkel, and Julia's husband, Arthur St. Clair in Harrisonburg. The Sprinkel family homestead was located on the corner of Main and Rock streets. The local African-American church and school were located in this the same section of town, suggesting why Jordan mentions the deaths of several local African Americans in her 1879 diary. The 1879 diary also contains mentions of her granddaughters, \"Mag\" (Margaret) and Mary. Jordan is buried at Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe 1862-1864 diary was part of the private collection of Maxine and E.R. Grymes Heneberger of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Grymes Heneberger found the diary in 1960 and had it transcribed. He self-published a small run of copies which he offered for sale and distributed to local libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1879-1883 diary was part of the Harrison family estate of Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The 1862-1864 diary was part of the private collection of Maxine and E.R. Grymes Heneberger of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Grymes Heneberger found the diary in 1960 and had it transcribed. He self-published a small run of copies which he offered for sale and distributed to local libraries.","The 1879-1883 diary was part of the Harrison family estate of Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862-1883, SC 0162, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862-1883, SC 0162, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhile the 1862-1864 diary does not include any explicit identifying information about the creator, contextual information confirms it was  written by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Both December 5 entries in the diary (1862 and 1863) record Jordan's exact birthday and year. This corresponds to the birth year recorded in the 1879-1883 diary. Additionally, the handwriting in present in both diaries matches as does the scribbling used to separate diary entries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4025\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["While the 1862-1864 diary does not include any explicit identifying information about the creator, contextual information confirms it was  written by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Both December 5 entries in the diary (1862 and 1863) record Jordan's exact birthday and year. This corresponds to the birth year recorded in the 1879-1883 diary. Additionally, the handwriting in present in both diaries matches as does the scribbling used to separate diary entries.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4025."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first diary dates from May 9, 1862 through August 22, 1864. Jordan's entries describe the death of Turner Ashby (\"Col. Ashby was killed this evening. Poor Ashby poor fellow\"), the Battle of New Market and other battles of note, troop and prisoner movements through Harrisonburg, death and burials of local soldiers, and Union soldiers movements. Additional entries of note include May 7, 1863: \"The Yankee's advanceing great excitement in Town and Country people moveing cattle and negroes and all the commisary stores there was never so much confusion in this place before.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNames of Charles Frank Echard (1870-1941) family members are penciled in the diary and post-date Mary Jordan's entries. Echard was married to Maude Jordan Dillard, Mary Jordan's great granddaughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second diary dates from January 1, 1879 until October 1879, and also includes scattered entries through 1883. The diary entries are brief and record the weather, daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, travel of relatives to Baltimore, and getting loads of wood and barrels of flour. Occasional items of local news are also mentioned, such as court dates, trials, births, marriages, and deaths, including the deaths of several African Americans living in Harrisonburg in 1879 (\"Sunday January the 26th 1879 A coulered woman buried this evening\").\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn the first page is written: \"Mary Jordan born in 17 hundred and 98 and this is 1879 I am still here.\" Family names mentioned in the diary include Sprinkel, Dillard, Bowman, Rohr, Wilton, and Dwyer, among others.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg.","The first diary dates from May 9, 1862 through August 22, 1864. Jordan's entries describe the death of Turner Ashby (\"Col. Ashby was killed this evening. Poor Ashby poor fellow\"), the Battle of New Market and other battles of note, troop and prisoner movements through Harrisonburg, death and burials of local soldiers, and Union soldiers movements. Additional entries of note include May 7, 1863: \"The Yankee's advanceing great excitement in Town and Country people moveing cattle and negroes and all the commisary stores there was never so much confusion in this place before.\"","Names of Charles Frank Echard (1870-1941) family members are penciled in the diary and post-date Mary Jordan's entries. Echard was married to Maude Jordan Dillard, Mary Jordan's great granddaughter.","The second diary dates from January 1, 1879 until October 1879, and also includes scattered entries through 1883. The diary entries are brief and record the weather, daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, travel of relatives to Baltimore, and getting loads of wood and barrels of flour. Occasional items of local news are also mentioned, such as court dates, trials, births, marriages, and deaths, including the deaths of several African Americans living in Harrisonburg in 1879 (\"Sunday January the 26th 1879 A coulered woman buried this evening\").","On the first page is written: \"Mary Jordan born in 17 hundred and 98 and this is 1879 I am still here.\" Family names mentioned in the diary include Sprinkel, Dillard, Bowman, Rohr, Wilton, and Dwyer, among others."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_02461468b396794f43176481fe9c595f\"\u003eThe collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg between 1862 and 1883, with short entries pertaining to the Civil War in the Shenandoah Valley, the weather, local births, deaths and marriages, and daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, and travel.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg between 1862 and 1883, with short entries pertaining to the Civil War in the Shenandoah Valley, the weather, local births, deaths and marriages, and daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, and travel."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"names_coll_ssim":["Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862"],"persname_ssim":["Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862"],"names_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:57:34.491Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_305","ead_ssi":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_305","_root_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_305","_nest_parent_":"vihart_repositories_4_resources_305","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/JMU/repositories_4_resources_305.xml","title_ssm":["Mary Jordan Diaries"],"title_tesim":["Mary Jordan Diaries"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-1883"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-1883"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/1883"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862/1883"],"text":["Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862/1883","SC 0162","/repositories/4/resources/305","Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- History -- 19th century -- Social life and customs","Women -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Diaries","Women -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Diaries","Diaries","Weather diaries","Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.","A transcribed copy of the 1862-1864 diary, Harrisonburg, Virginia: Diary of a Citizen from May 9, 1862-August 22, 1864, Local Events During the Civil War (1961), is cataloged and available in Special Collections.","The diaries remain bound and housed in two folders.","Wayland, John. Historic Harrisonburg. Harrisonburg, VA: C. J. Carrier Company, 1990: 282.","Find A Grave. \"Mary Jordan (1798-1883).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 16632274. Accessed May 21, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16632274.","Lathrop, J.M. and B.N. Griffing. An atlas of Rockingham County, Virginia from actual surveys by J. M. Lathrop and B. N. Griffing. Philadelphia, Pa. : D. J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","Firebaugh, Marshall A. Rockingham County personals : published 1884 in Hardesty's Encyclopedia, republished 1984. Harrisonburg, Va. : Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1984.","Mary Jordan (1798-1883) lived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, with her daughter, Julia Ann Jordan Sprinkel, and Julia's husband, Arthur St. Clair in Harrisonburg. The Sprinkel family homestead was located on the corner of Main and Rock streets. The local African-American church and school were located in this the same section of town, suggesting why Jordan mentions the deaths of several local African Americans in her 1879 diary. The 1879 diary also contains mentions of her granddaughters, \"Mag\" (Margaret) and Mary. Jordan is buried at Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg.","The 1862-1864 diary was part of the private collection of Maxine and E.R. Grymes Heneberger of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Grymes Heneberger found the diary in 1960 and had it transcribed. He self-published a small run of copies which he offered for sale and distributed to local libraries.","The 1879-1883 diary was part of the Harrison family estate of Harrisonburg, Virginia.","While the 1862-1864 diary does not include any explicit identifying information about the creator, contextual information confirms it was  written by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Both December 5 entries in the diary (1862 and 1863) record Jordan's exact birthday and year. This corresponds to the birth year recorded in the 1879-1883 diary. Additionally, the handwriting in present in both diaries matches as does the scribbling used to separate diary entries.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4025.","The collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg.","The first diary dates from May 9, 1862 through August 22, 1864. Jordan's entries describe the death of Turner Ashby (\"Col. Ashby was killed this evening. Poor Ashby poor fellow\"), the Battle of New Market and other battles of note, troop and prisoner movements through Harrisonburg, death and burials of local soldiers, and Union soldiers movements. Additional entries of note include May 7, 1863: \"The Yankee's advanceing great excitement in Town and Country people moveing cattle and negroes and all the commisary stores there was never so much confusion in this place before.\"","Names of Charles Frank Echard (1870-1941) family members are penciled in the diary and post-date Mary Jordan's entries. Echard was married to Maude Jordan Dillard, Mary Jordan's great granddaughter.","The second diary dates from January 1, 1879 until October 1879, and also includes scattered entries through 1883. The diary entries are brief and record the weather, daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, travel of relatives to Baltimore, and getting loads of wood and barrels of flour. Occasional items of local news are also mentioned, such as court dates, trials, births, marriages, and deaths, including the deaths of several African Americans living in Harrisonburg in 1879 (\"Sunday January the 26th 1879 A coulered woman buried this evening\").","On the first page is written: \"Mary Jordan born in 17 hundred and 98 and this is 1879 I am still here.\" Family names mentioned in the diary include Sprinkel, Dillard, Bowman, Rohr, Wilton, and Dwyer, among others.","The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).","The collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg between 1862 and 1883, with short entries pertaining to the Civil War in the Shenandoah Valley, the weather, local births, deaths and marriages, and daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, and travel.","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc.","Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862/1883"],"collection_ssim":["Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862/1883"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["SC 0162","/repositories/4/resources/305"],"unitid_tesim":["SC 0162","/repositories/4/resources/305"],"repository_ssm":["James Madison University"],"repository_ssim":["James Madison University"],"geogname_ssm":["Harrisonburg (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Rockingham County (Va.) -- History -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Social life and customs -- 19th century","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Genealogy","Confederate States of America -- History, Military","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. 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Va.) -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Virginia -- History -- 19th century -- Social life and customs"],"creator_ssm":["Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_ssim":["Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"creators_ssim":["Jordan, Mary, 1798-1883","Ashby, Turner, 1828-1862","James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates","Green Valley Auctions, Inc."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The diary dated 1879-1883 was purchased from Green Valley Auctions in January 2002.","The diary dated 1862-1864 was purchased from Jeffrey S. Evans \u0026 Associates in August 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Diaries","Women -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Diaries","Diaries","Weather diaries"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- Diaries","Women -- Virginia -- Harrisonburg -- Diaries","Diaries","Weather diaries"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 cubic feet 2 folders"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 cubic feet 2 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Diaries","Weather diaries"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research. Researchers must register and agree to copyright and privacy laws before using this collection. Please contact Research Services staff before visiting the James Madison University Special Collections Library to use this collection."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA transcribed copy of the 1862-1864 diary, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrisonburg, Virginia: Diary of a Citizen from May 9, 1862-August 22, 1864, Local Events During the Civil War\u003c/emph\u003e (1961), is cataloged and available in Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format"],"altformavail_tesim":["A transcribed copy of the 1862-1864 diary, Harrisonburg, Virginia: Diary of a Citizen from May 9, 1862-August 22, 1864, Local Events During the Civil War (1961), is cataloged and available in Special Collections."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe diaries remain bound and housed in two folders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The diaries remain bound and housed in two folders."],"bibliography_html_tesm":["\u003cbibref\u003eWayland, John. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Harrisonburg\u003c/emph\u003e. Harrisonburg, VA: C. J. Carrier Company, 1990: 282. \u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003e\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eFind A Grave\u003c/emph\u003e. \"Mary Jordan (1798-1883).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 16632274. Accessed May 21, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16632274.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eLathrop, J.M. and B.N. Griffing. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAn atlas of Rockingham County, Virginia from actual surveys by J. M. Lathrop and B. N. Griffing.\u003c/emph\u003e Philadelphia, Pa. : D. J. Lake \u0026amp; Co., 1885.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n    ","\u003cbibref\u003eFirebaugh, Marshall A. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eRockingham County personals : published 1884 in Hardesty's Encyclopedia, republished 1984.\u003c/emph\u003e Harrisonburg, Va. : Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1984.\u003c/bibref\u003e\n  "],"bibliography_heading_ssm":["Bibliography"],"bibliography_tesim":["Wayland, John. Historic Harrisonburg. Harrisonburg, VA: C. J. Carrier Company, 1990: 282.","Find A Grave. \"Mary Jordan (1798-1883).\" Find a Grave Memorial no. 16632274. Accessed May 21, 2018. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/16632274.","Lathrop, J.M. and B.N. Griffing. An atlas of Rockingham County, Virginia from actual surveys by J. M. Lathrop and B. N. Griffing. Philadelphia, Pa. : D. J. Lake \u0026 Co., 1885.","Firebaugh, Marshall A. Rockingham County personals : published 1884 in Hardesty's Encyclopedia, republished 1984. Harrisonburg, Va. : Harrisonburg-Rockingham Historical Society, 1984."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMary Jordan (1798-1883) lived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, with her daughter, Julia Ann Jordan Sprinkel, and Julia's husband, Arthur St. Clair in Harrisonburg. The Sprinkel family homestead was located on the corner of Main and Rock streets. The local African-American church and school were located in this the same section of town, suggesting why Jordan mentions the deaths of several local African Americans in her 1879 diary. The 1879 diary also contains mentions of her granddaughters, \"Mag\" (Margaret) and Mary. Jordan is buried at Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Mary Jordan (1798-1883) lived in Harrisonburg, Virginia, with her daughter, Julia Ann Jordan Sprinkel, and Julia's husband, Arthur St. Clair in Harrisonburg. The Sprinkel family homestead was located on the corner of Main and Rock streets. The local African-American church and school were located in this the same section of town, suggesting why Jordan mentions the deaths of several local African Americans in her 1879 diary. The 1879 diary also contains mentions of her granddaughters, \"Mag\" (Margaret) and Mary. Jordan is buried at Woodbine Cemetery in Harrisonburg."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe 1862-1864 diary was part of the private collection of Maxine and E.R. Grymes Heneberger of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Grymes Heneberger found the diary in 1960 and had it transcribed. He self-published a small run of copies which he offered for sale and distributed to local libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1879-1883 diary was part of the Harrison family estate of Harrisonburg, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Provenance"],"custodhist_tesim":["The 1862-1864 diary was part of the private collection of Maxine and E.R. Grymes Heneberger of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Grymes Heneberger found the diary in 1960 and had it transcribed. He self-published a small run of copies which he offered for sale and distributed to local libraries.","The 1879-1883 diary was part of the Harrison family estate of Harrisonburg, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862-1883, SC 0162, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Identification of item], [box #, folder #], Mary Jordan Diaries, 1862-1883, SC 0162, Special Collections, Carrier Library, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWhile the 1862-1864 diary does not include any explicit identifying information about the creator, contextual information confirms it was  written by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Both December 5 entries in the diary (1862 and 1863) record Jordan's exact birthday and year. This corresponds to the birth year recorded in the 1879-1883 diary. Additionally, the handwriting in present in both diaries matches as does the scribbling used to separate diary entries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis collection was previously cataloged as SC 4025\u003c/emph\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["While the 1862-1864 diary does not include any explicit identifying information about the creator, contextual information confirms it was  written by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg, Virginia. Both December 5 entries in the diary (1862 and 1863) record Jordan's exact birthday and year. This corresponds to the birth year recorded in the 1879-1883 diary. Additionally, the handwriting in present in both diaries matches as does the scribbling used to separate diary entries.","In order to streamline the process of applying collection numbers, Special Collections staff completed a large-scale renumbering campaign in 2017-2018. This collection was previously cataloged as SC 4025."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first diary dates from May 9, 1862 through August 22, 1864. Jordan's entries describe the death of Turner Ashby (\"Col. Ashby was killed this evening. Poor Ashby poor fellow\"), the Battle of New Market and other battles of note, troop and prisoner movements through Harrisonburg, death and burials of local soldiers, and Union soldiers movements. Additional entries of note include May 7, 1863: \"The Yankee's advanceing great excitement in Town and Country people moveing cattle and negroes and all the commisary stores there was never so much confusion in this place before.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNames of Charles Frank Echard (1870-1941) family members are penciled in the diary and post-date Mary Jordan's entries. Echard was married to Maude Jordan Dillard, Mary Jordan's great granddaughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second diary dates from January 1, 1879 until October 1879, and also includes scattered entries through 1883. The diary entries are brief and record the weather, daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, travel of relatives to Baltimore, and getting loads of wood and barrels of flour. Occasional items of local news are also mentioned, such as court dates, trials, births, marriages, and deaths, including the deaths of several African Americans living in Harrisonburg in 1879 (\"Sunday January the 26th 1879 A coulered woman buried this evening\").\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn the first page is written: \"Mary Jordan born in 17 hundred and 98 and this is 1879 I am still here.\" Family names mentioned in the diary include Sprinkel, Dillard, Bowman, Rohr, Wilton, and Dwyer, among others.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg.","The first diary dates from May 9, 1862 through August 22, 1864. Jordan's entries describe the death of Turner Ashby (\"Col. Ashby was killed this evening. Poor Ashby poor fellow\"), the Battle of New Market and other battles of note, troop and prisoner movements through Harrisonburg, death and burials of local soldiers, and Union soldiers movements. Additional entries of note include May 7, 1863: \"The Yankee's advanceing great excitement in Town and Country people moveing cattle and negroes and all the commisary stores there was never so much confusion in this place before.\"","Names of Charles Frank Echard (1870-1941) family members are penciled in the diary and post-date Mary Jordan's entries. Echard was married to Maude Jordan Dillard, Mary Jordan's great granddaughter.","The second diary dates from January 1, 1879 until October 1879, and also includes scattered entries through 1883. The diary entries are brief and record the weather, daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, travel of relatives to Baltimore, and getting loads of wood and barrels of flour. Occasional items of local news are also mentioned, such as court dates, trials, births, marriages, and deaths, including the deaths of several African Americans living in Harrisonburg in 1879 (\"Sunday January the 26th 1879 A coulered woman buried this evening\").","On the first page is written: \"Mary Jordan born in 17 hundred and 98 and this is 1879 I am still here.\" Family names mentioned in the diary include Sprinkel, Dillard, Bowman, Rohr, Wilton, and Dwyer, among others."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright interests in this collection have been transferred to the James Madison University Special Collection Library. For more information, contact the Special Collections Library Reference Desk (library-special@jmu.edu)."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_02461468b396794f43176481fe9c595f\"\u003eThe collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg between 1862 and 1883, with short entries pertaining to the Civil War in the Shenandoah Valley, the weather, local births, deaths and marriages, and daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, and travel.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection is comprised of two bound diaries kept by Mary Jordan of Harrisonburg between 1862 and 1883, with short entries pertaining to the Civil War in the Shenandoah Valley, the weather, local births, deaths and marriages, and daily activities such as church attendance, visits from relatives and friends, and travel."],"corpname_ssim":["James Madison University Libraries Special Collections","Jeffrey S. 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