{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia.+Center+for+Oceans+Law+and+Policy","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=University+of+Virginia.+Center+for+Oceans+Law+and+Policy\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":2,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Frances Farmer papers, 1900/1993","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_79","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_79.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/106879","title_ssm":["Frances Farmer papers"],"title_tesim":["Frances Farmer papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1900 - 1993"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1900 - 1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1900/1993"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frances Farmer papers, 1900/1993"],"text":["Frances Farmer papers, 1900/1993","MSS.93.1","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/79","Law  -- Study and teaching","Law librarians","Law libraries -- United States","University of Virginia. School of Law -- Alumni and alumnae","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","Awards","clippings (information artifacts)","diplomas","photographs","There are no restrictions.","Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.","The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. 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She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eManual of Legal Bibliography\u003c/emph\u003e(The Michie Company, 1947) and edited\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Wilson Reader\u003c/emph\u003e(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation"],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation","Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993"],"persname_ssim":["Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. 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School of Law -- Alumni and alumnae","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","Awards","clippings (information artifacts)","diplomas","photographs","There are no restrictions.","Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.","The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. 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Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation"],"creators_ssim":["Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation"],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was transmitted to the Law Library upon Farmer's death in September of 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Law  -- Study and teaching","Law librarians","Law libraries -- United States","University of Virginia. School of Law -- Alumni and alumnae","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","Awards","clippings (information artifacts)","diplomas","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Law  -- Study and teaching","Law librarians","Law libraries -- United States","University of Virginia. School of Law -- Alumni and alumnae","University of Virginia. School of Law -- History","Awards","clippings (information artifacts)","diplomas","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.4 Linear Feet 6 archival boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.4 Linear Feet 6 archival boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Awards","clippings (information artifacts)","diplomas","photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMeanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBecause state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFarmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eManual of Legal Bibliography\u003c/emph\u003e(The Michie Company, 1947) and edited\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Wilson Reader\u003c/emph\u003e(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frances Farmer was born in Keysville, Virginia, on 9 December 1909, but she spent most of her younger years in Richmond, where she moved with her family in 1915. She attended John Marshall High School (1923- 1927), and then studied at Westhampton College, where she majored in history and had considerable success in the debating society. After her junior year of college, she enrolled at T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond and received her LLB in 1933. The only female in her law class, she graduated with honors and was awarded the O. H. Berry Medal, given to the \"best all-around graduate in law.\" She passed the State Bar Examination in December of the same year.","In October of 1931, Frances Farmer began to work for Dr. Ray Doubles, dean of the University of Richmond Law School as part-time secretary, a position she kept after her graduation. Despite her outstanding academic record, she learned that good positions for female lawyers were extremely difficult to find at that time.","Meanwhile, she became very active in Richmond community affairs. She held a number of offices in the Richmond Branch of University Women (AAUW) (1934-36) and was secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League (1935), the Virginia Social Science Association (1935), and the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of States Organizations (1936). She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Richmond League of Women Voters and the local YMCA.","Farmer's experience as law librarian began when she entered law school and became the assistant law librarian, in addition to secretary to the dean. In 1934, in the absence of the law librarian, she undertook all the administrative work of the library, including accessioning, selecting and purchasing books, keeping financial records, etc. After completing a course in law library administration at the School of Library Service at Columbia University, she was appointed law librarian at the University of Richmond in 1938. Also in that year, she joined the American Association of Law Libraries and became a member of the Committee on the Library Journal.","In July 1942, Farmer accepted the position of senior cataloguer and executive secretary at the University of Virginia Law Library, with an annual salary of $2400.00. At that time the library had fewer than 40,000 books, all of them uncataloged, and she was hired to carry out the cataloguing project and to begin a book purchasing program. In 1943 she began teaching legal bibliography and the following year was appointed law librarian. Under her leadership the library grew to 100,000 cataloged volumes by the early 1950s.","Because state funding was never adequate for the growth of a major law library, at the outset Farmer sought the support of the Law School Alumni Association which she found willing to match or exceed state money. Thus began a life-long partnership which helped to make the Law Library one of the top ten in the nation. In return Farmer gave unstintingly to the Alumni Association, masterminding and for many years overseeing the annual spring alumni weekend and serving sixteen years as secretary/treasurer of the Association.","Farmer eventually gained faculty status at the Law School, making her its first female law professor. She was also active in professional organizations. She had lifetime membership in the American Association of Law Libraries, serving as president in 1959-60. In addition, she was a member of the Virginia State Bar and the State Bar Association, was active in University of Richmond alumni groups, and held membership in Phi Beta Kappa and Order of the Coif. She was a consultant to many US law libraries and to the government law library in Nigeria. In February-March of 1975 she was one of the three American law librarians who served as faculty members of the First Conference of Law Librarians in Nigeria, at the Nigerian Law School on Victoria Island, in Lagos. She was active in promoting interest in microforms for law libraries and was appointed by the attorney general of Virginia in 1976 to explore computerized legal research for Virginia lawyers and public officials.","She retired in August of 1976, and became library consultant to the Center for Oceans Law and Policy at the Law School. The same year, she was designated professor emerita by the Board of Visitors of the University, and her alma mater awarded her an honorary degree in recognition of her outstanding achievements in law librarianship.","Farmer cowrote with Ray Doubles a Manual of Legal Bibliography(The Michie Company, 1947) and editedThe Wilson Reader(Oceana Publications, 1956). In retirement, she compiled an oral history of the second century of the Law School.","A Law School Alumni Association resolution recognizing Frances Farmer's contributions at the thirty-year mark of her tenure stated, \"As a result of her creative mind, an inexhaustible supply of energy, resourcefulness and ability, and her indomitable spirit, the Law Library at the University of Virginia has grown and prospered.\"","Frances Farmer died in Charlottesville on 13 September 1993."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Frances Farmer have received minimal organization to make them readily accessible. Her files labeled \"personal correspondence\" are arranged chronologically (1931-1992), and concern both personal and professional matters. Other files that were organized by subject remain as they were. These documents are primarily administrative regarding the Law Library. There are also copies of her speeches, memorabilia, numerous copies of newspaper clippings, awards, and resolutions. Finally, there is an extensive collection of photographs of Farmer, her family, and members of the Law School community."],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation"],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation","Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993"],"persname_ssim":["Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. School of Law. Arthur J. Morris Law Library","American Association of Law Libraries","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","University of Virginia. School of Law. Law School Foundation","Farmer, Frances, 1909-1993"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":142,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:54:46.871Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_79"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_563","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers, 1967/1995","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_563#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Nordquist, Myron H.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_563#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis is a collection of official and personal papers documenting the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) at the University of Virginia from 1967-1995. The first collection of documents acquired were from United States delegates to UNCLOS III who were also friends of the Law School's Center for Oceans Law and Policy. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_563#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_563","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_563","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_563","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_563","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_563.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/121082","title_ssm":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers"],"title_tesim":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1967-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-1995"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967/1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers, 1967/1995"],"text":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers, 1967/1995","MSS.82.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/563","Maritime law","The papers in the Law of the Sea Archives, having come from a number of sources, have been arranged to reflect the evolution of UNCLOS III.  Contrary to established archival practice, collections have been rearranged considerably to fit into organizational pattern of the LOS Archives as a whole.  The integrity of individual folders has been maintained for the most part, and original folder headings were used if they reflected the contents.  Collections of loose records have been labeled in general terms and arranged chronologically.","The collection has three major divisions: 1) Official United Nations negotiating documents, 2) delegations' official records and working files, and 3) individual delegates' personal files concerning UNCLOS III or related oceans matters.  The official documents were culled from a number of individual collections, or obtained from the United Nations, the United States State Department, or the Library of Congress.  As a rule, documents appearing in the UNCLOS III Official Record were not retained because they are voluminous and readily available elsewhere in the Law Library.  On the other hand, the relatively small body of negotiating documents issued by the Evensen Group, the seven negotiating groups, and others have been kept in the archives, though they also have been published.  Finally, there is an incomplete set of  United Nations Press Releases on UNCLOS III.    (N. B.: There are also nearly complete sets of documents from both the Seabed Committee and the Drafting Committee (all languages).  Separate finding aids for these extensive collections are available in the archives.)","The second large division is the delegations' documents.  The Israeli and Irish delegations have donated copies of their statements and draft proposals made throughout the conference; the Ukranian SSR contributed copies of statements.  The U. S. Department of State donated all the unclassified documents from their \"conference files.\"  These records reflect negotiating plans on a session-by-session basis throughout the conference.  The State Department kept their topical, and topical and diplomatic, files on UNCLOS III and destroyed the classified documents from the conference files.  A number of people who served on the U. S. delegation have contributed their papers, and these personal delegation files follow the State Department's.  There is a great deal of unavoidable duplication in this part of the collection, since all delegates received certain memoranda, reports, directives, etc.  However, the individuals' files are important because they also contain unique and detailed records on the donor's area of concentration and expertise.","Donors whose papers contained U. S. Delegation files are Stuart McIntyre, John Norton Moore, Commanders John Henrikson and John Bennett, Myron Nordquist, Ambassador John R. Stevenson, G. Winthrop Haight, Julia Reardon, and Robert Krueger.  Ambassador Stevenson was the chairman of the U. S. Delegation to the first three sessions of UNCLOS III (1973-1975).  John Norton Moore was deputy chairman during Stevenson's term, but, unlike Stevenson who also maintained his law practice during this period, Moore worked full-time on conference and domestic oceans issues from his post at the State Department.  During this same period Stuart McIntyre served as Staff Director of the National Security Council Task Force on LOS, and coordinated the work of this interagency group preparing the U. S. Negotiating position.  Concurrently, Myron Nordquist was Office Director for the Task Force and, like McIntyre, was alternative representative on the U. S. Delegation; later (1977-1978), Nordquist was legislative counsel to Ambassador Elliott Richardson, head of the U. S. From 1977 to 1980.  Commanders Henrikson and Bennett worked on LOS matters at the Department of Defense, and Julia Riordan was special assistant for congressional and public relations for Ambassador James Malone, head of the U. S. Delegation in 1981-1982.  G. Winthrop Height, an expert advisor to the U. S. Delegation, was a lawyer for Shell Oil who observed the negotiations for the mining industry during the entire length of the conference.  Finally, Robert B. Krieger, an attorney practicing international law in Los Angeles, was a member, at various stages, of the U. S. Delegation and of the LOS Advisory Committee from 1971 to 1985.","Two small collections concerning other delegations follow these papers.  The first were donated by Satya Nandan, ambassador from Fiji to UNCLOS III and Rapporteur for the Second Committee.  These documents are primarily working papers regarding LOS issues of special concern to Fiji.  The other collection contains a variety of documents donated by Michael hardy of the United Kingdom, whose official position was observer of UNCLOS III for the European Economic Communities.","The third division of documents contains records of donors' LOS related work exclusive of their official involvement in UNCLOS III.  Highlights of this group include handwritten notes that G. Winthrop Height took at every LOS-related meeting he attended from 1967 to 1983, as well as all his correspondence and other documents concerning the ocean mining industry vis-a-vis UNCLOS III for those years.  John Norton Moore's personal files concern LOS-related domestic legislation, and Myron Nordquist's contain extensive research material concerning the offshore processing of ocean minerals.  Robert Krueger's papers primarily concern deep seabed mining as well.","This is a collection of official and personal papers documenting the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) at the University of Virginia from 1967-1995.  The first collection of documents acquired were from United States delegates to UNCLOS III who were also friends of the Law School's Center for Oceans Law and Policy.","In the early spring of 1982, letters were sent to heads and deputy heads of all the delegations to the conference, and to members of the US delegation below the top ranks.  The letters requested copies of official unclassified delegation reports, statements or proposals, and delegates' personal records of the conference.  The response from within the United States has been good.  Other states' delegation heads who responded wrote they turned over our request to their governments, but few documents came in.  Not only are many governments reluctant to release these materials to an American institution, but the planning and logistics for copying and sending them are time consuming and expensive.  A list of contributors follows the introduction.","List of Contributors:","Commander John Bennett","Peter Bernhardt","Patricia Birnie","Robert Blumberg","Marjorie Browne","Mrs. G. Winthrop Haight","Michael Hardy","Commander John Henrikson","Robert B. Krueger","Stuart McIntyre","Barbara Moore","John Norton Moore","Ambassador Satya Nandan (Fiji Delegation)","Myron Nordquist","Dolliver Nelson","Julia Reardon","Ambassador Shabtai Rosenne (Israeli Delegation)","Ambassador John R. Stevenson","Louis B. Sohn","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers, 1967/1995"],"collection_ssim":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers, 1967/1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.82.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/563"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.82.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/563"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight"],"creator_ssim":["Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy"],"creators_ssim":["Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was transferred to Special Collections in 1982.  The papers of Louis B. Sohn were donated in 1999."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maritime law"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maritime law"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["81.6 Linear Feet 204 archival boxes"],"extent_tesim":["81.6 Linear Feet 204 archival boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers in the Law of the Sea Archives, having come from a number of sources, have been arranged to reflect the evolution of UNCLOS III.  Contrary to established archival practice, collections have been rearranged considerably to fit into organizational pattern of the LOS Archives as a whole.  The integrity of individual folders has been maintained for the most part, and original folder headings were used if they reflected the contents.  Collections of loose records have been labeled in general terms and arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe collection has three major divisions: 1) Official United Nations negotiating documents, 2) delegations' official records and working files, and 3) individual delegates' personal files concerning UNCLOS III or related oceans matters.  The official documents were culled from a number of individual collections, or obtained from the United Nations, the United States State Department, or the Library of Congress.  As a rule, documents appearing in the UNCLOS III Official Record were not retained because they are voluminous and readily available elsewhere in the Law Library.  On the other hand, the relatively small body of negotiating documents issued by the Evensen Group, the seven negotiating groups, and others have been kept in the archives, though they also have been published.  Finally, there is an incomplete set of  United Nations Press Releases on UNCLOS III.    (N. B.: There are also nearly complete sets of documents from both the Seabed Committee and the Drafting Committee (all languages).  Separate finding aids for these extensive collections are available in the archives.)   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe second large division is the delegations' documents.  The Israeli and Irish delegations have donated copies of their statements and draft proposals made throughout the conference; the Ukranian SSR contributed copies of statements.  The U. S. Department of State donated all the unclassified documents from their \"conference files.\"  These records reflect negotiating plans on a session-by-session basis throughout the conference.  The State Department kept their topical, and topical and diplomatic, files on UNCLOS III and destroyed the classified documents from the conference files.  A number of people who served on the U. S. delegation have contributed their papers, and these personal delegation files follow the State Department's.  There is a great deal of unavoidable duplication in this part of the collection, since all delegates received certain memoranda, reports, directives, etc.  However, the individuals' files are important because they also contain unique and detailed records on the donor's area of concentration and expertise.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nDonors whose papers contained U. S. Delegation files are Stuart McIntyre, John Norton Moore, Commanders John Henrikson and John Bennett, Myron Nordquist, Ambassador John R. Stevenson, G. Winthrop Haight, Julia Reardon, and Robert Krueger.  Ambassador Stevenson was the chairman of the U. S. Delegation to the first three sessions of UNCLOS III (1973-1975).  John Norton Moore was deputy chairman during Stevenson's term, but, unlike Stevenson who also maintained his law practice during this period, Moore worked full-time on conference and domestic oceans issues from his post at the State Department.  During this same period Stuart McIntyre served as Staff Director of the National Security Council Task Force on LOS, and coordinated the work of this interagency group preparing the U. S. Negotiating position.  Concurrently, Myron Nordquist was Office Director for the Task Force and, like McIntyre, was alternative representative on the U. S. Delegation; later (1977-1978), Nordquist was legislative counsel to Ambassador Elliott Richardson, head of the U. S. From 1977 to 1980.  Commanders Henrikson and Bennett worked on LOS matters at the Department of Defense, and Julia Riordan was special assistant for congressional and public relations for Ambassador James Malone, head of the U. S. Delegation in 1981-1982.  G. Winthrop Height, an expert advisor to the U. S. Delegation, was a lawyer for Shell Oil who observed the negotiations for the mining industry during the entire length of the conference.  Finally, Robert B. Krieger, an attorney practicing international law in Los Angeles, was a member, at various stages, of the U. S. Delegation and of the LOS Advisory Committee from 1971 to 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nTwo small collections concerning other delegations follow these papers.  The first were donated by Satya Nandan, ambassador from Fiji to UNCLOS III and Rapporteur for the Second Committee.  These documents are primarily working papers regarding LOS issues of special concern to Fiji.  The other collection contains a variety of documents donated by Michael hardy of the United Kingdom, whose official position was observer of UNCLOS III for the European Economic Communities. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe third division of documents contains records of donors' LOS related work exclusive of their official involvement in UNCLOS III.  Highlights of this group include handwritten notes that G. Winthrop Height took at every LOS-related meeting he attended from 1967 to 1983, as well as all his correspondence and other documents concerning the ocean mining industry vis-a-vis UNCLOS III for those years.  John Norton Moore's personal files concern LOS-related domestic legislation, and Myron Nordquist's contain extensive research material concerning the offshore processing of ocean minerals.  Robert Krueger's papers primarily concern deep seabed mining as well.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers in the Law of the Sea Archives, having come from a number of sources, have been arranged to reflect the evolution of UNCLOS III.  Contrary to established archival practice, collections have been rearranged considerably to fit into organizational pattern of the LOS Archives as a whole.  The integrity of individual folders has been maintained for the most part, and original folder headings were used if they reflected the contents.  Collections of loose records have been labeled in general terms and arranged chronologically.","The collection has three major divisions: 1) Official United Nations negotiating documents, 2) delegations' official records and working files, and 3) individual delegates' personal files concerning UNCLOS III or related oceans matters.  The official documents were culled from a number of individual collections, or obtained from the United Nations, the United States State Department, or the Library of Congress.  As a rule, documents appearing in the UNCLOS III Official Record were not retained because they are voluminous and readily available elsewhere in the Law Library.  On the other hand, the relatively small body of negotiating documents issued by the Evensen Group, the seven negotiating groups, and others have been kept in the archives, though they also have been published.  Finally, there is an incomplete set of  United Nations Press Releases on UNCLOS III.    (N. B.: There are also nearly complete sets of documents from both the Seabed Committee and the Drafting Committee (all languages).  Separate finding aids for these extensive collections are available in the archives.)","The second large division is the delegations' documents.  The Israeli and Irish delegations have donated copies of their statements and draft proposals made throughout the conference; the Ukranian SSR contributed copies of statements.  The U. S. Department of State donated all the unclassified documents from their \"conference files.\"  These records reflect negotiating plans on a session-by-session basis throughout the conference.  The State Department kept their topical, and topical and diplomatic, files on UNCLOS III and destroyed the classified documents from the conference files.  A number of people who served on the U. S. delegation have contributed their papers, and these personal delegation files follow the State Department's.  There is a great deal of unavoidable duplication in this part of the collection, since all delegates received certain memoranda, reports, directives, etc.  However, the individuals' files are important because they also contain unique and detailed records on the donor's area of concentration and expertise.","Donors whose papers contained U. S. Delegation files are Stuart McIntyre, John Norton Moore, Commanders John Henrikson and John Bennett, Myron Nordquist, Ambassador John R. Stevenson, G. Winthrop Haight, Julia Reardon, and Robert Krueger.  Ambassador Stevenson was the chairman of the U. S. Delegation to the first three sessions of UNCLOS III (1973-1975).  John Norton Moore was deputy chairman during Stevenson's term, but, unlike Stevenson who also maintained his law practice during this period, Moore worked full-time on conference and domestic oceans issues from his post at the State Department.  During this same period Stuart McIntyre served as Staff Director of the National Security Council Task Force on LOS, and coordinated the work of this interagency group preparing the U. S. Negotiating position.  Concurrently, Myron Nordquist was Office Director for the Task Force and, like McIntyre, was alternative representative on the U. S. Delegation; later (1977-1978), Nordquist was legislative counsel to Ambassador Elliott Richardson, head of the U. S. From 1977 to 1980.  Commanders Henrikson and Bennett worked on LOS matters at the Department of Defense, and Julia Riordan was special assistant for congressional and public relations for Ambassador James Malone, head of the U. S. Delegation in 1981-1982.  G. Winthrop Height, an expert advisor to the U. S. Delegation, was a lawyer for Shell Oil who observed the negotiations for the mining industry during the entire length of the conference.  Finally, Robert B. Krieger, an attorney practicing international law in Los Angeles, was a member, at various stages, of the U. S. Delegation and of the LOS Advisory Committee from 1971 to 1985.","Two small collections concerning other delegations follow these papers.  The first were donated by Satya Nandan, ambassador from Fiji to UNCLOS III and Rapporteur for the Second Committee.  These documents are primarily working papers regarding LOS issues of special concern to Fiji.  The other collection contains a variety of documents donated by Michael hardy of the United Kingdom, whose official position was observer of UNCLOS III for the European Economic Communities.","The third division of documents contains records of donors' LOS related work exclusive of their official involvement in UNCLOS III.  Highlights of this group include handwritten notes that G. Winthrop Height took at every LOS-related meeting he attended from 1967 to 1983, as well as all his correspondence and other documents concerning the ocean mining industry vis-a-vis UNCLOS III for those years.  John Norton Moore's personal files concern LOS-related domestic legislation, and Myron Nordquist's contain extensive research material concerning the offshore processing of ocean minerals.  Robert Krueger's papers primarily concern deep seabed mining as well."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a collection of official and personal papers documenting the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) at the University of Virginia from 1967-1995.  The first collection of documents acquired were from United States delegates to UNCLOS III who were also friends of the Law School's Center for Oceans Law and Policy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the early spring of 1982, letters were sent to heads and deputy heads of all the delegations to the conference, and to members of the US delegation below the top ranks.  The letters requested copies of official unclassified delegation reports, statements or proposals, and delegates' personal records of the conference.  The response from within the United States has been good.  Other states' delegation heads who responded wrote they turned over our request to their governments, but few documents came in.  Not only are many governments reluctant to release these materials to an American institution, but the planning and logistics for copying and sending them are time consuming and expensive.  A list of contributors follows the introduction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommander John Bennett\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeter Bernhardt\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePatricia Birnie\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert Blumberg\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie Browne\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. G. Winthrop Haight\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Hardy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommander John Henrikson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert B. Krueger\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStuart McIntyre\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarbara Moore\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Norton Moore\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbassador Satya Nandan (Fiji Delegation)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMyron Nordquist\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDolliver Nelson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulia Reardon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbassador Shabtai Rosenne (Israeli Delegation)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbassador John R. Stevenson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouis B. Sohn\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This is a collection of official and personal papers documenting the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) at the University of Virginia from 1967-1995.  The first collection of documents acquired were from United States delegates to UNCLOS III who were also friends of the Law School's Center for Oceans Law and Policy.","In the early spring of 1982, letters were sent to heads and deputy heads of all the delegations to the conference, and to members of the US delegation below the top ranks.  The letters requested copies of official unclassified delegation reports, statements or proposals, and delegates' personal records of the conference.  The response from within the United States has been good.  Other states' delegation heads who responded wrote they turned over our request to their governments, but few documents came in.  Not only are many governments reluctant to release these materials to an American institution, but the planning and logistics for copying and sending them are time consuming and expensive.  A list of contributors follows the introduction.","List of Contributors:","Commander John Bennett","Peter Bernhardt","Patricia Birnie","Robert Blumberg","Marjorie Browne","Mrs. G. Winthrop Haight","Michael Hardy","Commander John Henrikson","Robert B. Krueger","Stuart McIntyre","Barbara Moore","John Norton Moore","Ambassador Satya Nandan (Fiji Delegation)","Myron Nordquist","Dolliver Nelson","Julia Reardon","Ambassador Shabtai Rosenne (Israeli Delegation)","Ambassador John R. Stevenson","Louis B. Sohn"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy"],"names_coll_ssim":["University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy"],"persname_ssim":["Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1461,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-15T00:04:47.156Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_563","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_563","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_563","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_563","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_563.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/121082","title_ssm":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers"],"title_tesim":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1967-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1967-1995"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1967/1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers, 1967/1995"],"text":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers, 1967/1995","MSS.82.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/563","Maritime law","The papers in the Law of the Sea Archives, having come from a number of sources, have been arranged to reflect the evolution of UNCLOS III.  Contrary to established archival practice, collections have been rearranged considerably to fit into organizational pattern of the LOS Archives as a whole.  The integrity of individual folders has been maintained for the most part, and original folder headings were used if they reflected the contents.  Collections of loose records have been labeled in general terms and arranged chronologically.","The collection has three major divisions: 1) Official United Nations negotiating documents, 2) delegations' official records and working files, and 3) individual delegates' personal files concerning UNCLOS III or related oceans matters.  The official documents were culled from a number of individual collections, or obtained from the United Nations, the United States State Department, or the Library of Congress.  As a rule, documents appearing in the UNCLOS III Official Record were not retained because they are voluminous and readily available elsewhere in the Law Library.  On the other hand, the relatively small body of negotiating documents issued by the Evensen Group, the seven negotiating groups, and others have been kept in the archives, though they also have been published.  Finally, there is an incomplete set of  United Nations Press Releases on UNCLOS III.    (N. B.: There are also nearly complete sets of documents from both the Seabed Committee and the Drafting Committee (all languages).  Separate finding aids for these extensive collections are available in the archives.)","The second large division is the delegations' documents.  The Israeli and Irish delegations have donated copies of their statements and draft proposals made throughout the conference; the Ukranian SSR contributed copies of statements.  The U. S. Department of State donated all the unclassified documents from their \"conference files.\"  These records reflect negotiating plans on a session-by-session basis throughout the conference.  The State Department kept their topical, and topical and diplomatic, files on UNCLOS III and destroyed the classified documents from the conference files.  A number of people who served on the U. S. delegation have contributed their papers, and these personal delegation files follow the State Department's.  There is a great deal of unavoidable duplication in this part of the collection, since all delegates received certain memoranda, reports, directives, etc.  However, the individuals' files are important because they also contain unique and detailed records on the donor's area of concentration and expertise.","Donors whose papers contained U. S. Delegation files are Stuart McIntyre, John Norton Moore, Commanders John Henrikson and John Bennett, Myron Nordquist, Ambassador John R. Stevenson, G. Winthrop Haight, Julia Reardon, and Robert Krueger.  Ambassador Stevenson was the chairman of the U. S. Delegation to the first three sessions of UNCLOS III (1973-1975).  John Norton Moore was deputy chairman during Stevenson's term, but, unlike Stevenson who also maintained his law practice during this period, Moore worked full-time on conference and domestic oceans issues from his post at the State Department.  During this same period Stuart McIntyre served as Staff Director of the National Security Council Task Force on LOS, and coordinated the work of this interagency group preparing the U. S. Negotiating position.  Concurrently, Myron Nordquist was Office Director for the Task Force and, like McIntyre, was alternative representative on the U. S. Delegation; later (1977-1978), Nordquist was legislative counsel to Ambassador Elliott Richardson, head of the U. S. From 1977 to 1980.  Commanders Henrikson and Bennett worked on LOS matters at the Department of Defense, and Julia Riordan was special assistant for congressional and public relations for Ambassador James Malone, head of the U. S. Delegation in 1981-1982.  G. Winthrop Height, an expert advisor to the U. S. Delegation, was a lawyer for Shell Oil who observed the negotiations for the mining industry during the entire length of the conference.  Finally, Robert B. Krieger, an attorney practicing international law in Los Angeles, was a member, at various stages, of the U. S. Delegation and of the LOS Advisory Committee from 1971 to 1985.","Two small collections concerning other delegations follow these papers.  The first were donated by Satya Nandan, ambassador from Fiji to UNCLOS III and Rapporteur for the Second Committee.  These documents are primarily working papers regarding LOS issues of special concern to Fiji.  The other collection contains a variety of documents donated by Michael hardy of the United Kingdom, whose official position was observer of UNCLOS III for the European Economic Communities.","The third division of documents contains records of donors' LOS related work exclusive of their official involvement in UNCLOS III.  Highlights of this group include handwritten notes that G. Winthrop Height took at every LOS-related meeting he attended from 1967 to 1983, as well as all his correspondence and other documents concerning the ocean mining industry vis-a-vis UNCLOS III for those years.  John Norton Moore's personal files concern LOS-related domestic legislation, and Myron Nordquist's contain extensive research material concerning the offshore processing of ocean minerals.  Robert Krueger's papers primarily concern deep seabed mining as well.","This is a collection of official and personal papers documenting the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) at the University of Virginia from 1967-1995.  The first collection of documents acquired were from United States delegates to UNCLOS III who were also friends of the Law School's Center for Oceans Law and Policy.","In the early spring of 1982, letters were sent to heads and deputy heads of all the delegations to the conference, and to members of the US delegation below the top ranks.  The letters requested copies of official unclassified delegation reports, statements or proposals, and delegates' personal records of the conference.  The response from within the United States has been good.  Other states' delegation heads who responded wrote they turned over our request to their governments, but few documents came in.  Not only are many governments reluctant to release these materials to an American institution, but the planning and logistics for copying and sending them are time consuming and expensive.  A list of contributors follows the introduction.","List of Contributors:","Commander John Bennett","Peter Bernhardt","Patricia Birnie","Robert Blumberg","Marjorie Browne","Mrs. G. Winthrop Haight","Michael Hardy","Commander John Henrikson","Robert B. Krueger","Stuart McIntyre","Barbara Moore","John Norton Moore","Ambassador Satya Nandan (Fiji Delegation)","Myron Nordquist","Dolliver Nelson","Julia Reardon","Ambassador Shabtai Rosenne (Israeli Delegation)","Ambassador John R. Stevenson","Louis B. Sohn","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy","Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers, 1967/1995"],"collection_ssim":["United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea papers, 1967/1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.82.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/563"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.82.6","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/563"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight"],"creator_ssim":["Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy"],"creators_ssim":["Nordquist, Myron H.","Grandy, Neal","Holser, Alexander","Krueger, Robert B.","Maechling, Charles","Moore, John Norton, 1937-","Sohn, Louis B.","G. Winthrop Haight","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","University of Virginia. Center for Oceans Law and Policy"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was transferred to Special Collections in 1982.  The papers of Louis B. Sohn were donated in 1999."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maritime law"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maritime law"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["81.6 Linear Feet 204 archival boxes"],"extent_tesim":["81.6 Linear Feet 204 archival boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers in the Law of the Sea Archives, having come from a number of sources, have been arranged to reflect the evolution of UNCLOS III.  Contrary to established archival practice, collections have been rearranged considerably to fit into organizational pattern of the LOS Archives as a whole.  The integrity of individual folders has been maintained for the most part, and original folder headings were used if they reflected the contents.  Collections of loose records have been labeled in general terms and arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe collection has three major divisions: 1) Official United Nations negotiating documents, 2) delegations' official records and working files, and 3) individual delegates' personal files concerning UNCLOS III or related oceans matters.  The official documents were culled from a number of individual collections, or obtained from the United Nations, the United States State Department, or the Library of Congress.  As a rule, documents appearing in the UNCLOS III Official Record were not retained because they are voluminous and readily available elsewhere in the Law Library.  On the other hand, the relatively small body of negotiating documents issued by the Evensen Group, the seven negotiating groups, and others have been kept in the archives, though they also have been published.  Finally, there is an incomplete set of  United Nations Press Releases on UNCLOS III.    (N. B.: There are also nearly complete sets of documents from both the Seabed Committee and the Drafting Committee (all languages).  Separate finding aids for these extensive collections are available in the archives.)   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe second large division is the delegations' documents.  The Israeli and Irish delegations have donated copies of their statements and draft proposals made throughout the conference; the Ukranian SSR contributed copies of statements.  The U. S. Department of State donated all the unclassified documents from their \"conference files.\"  These records reflect negotiating plans on a session-by-session basis throughout the conference.  The State Department kept their topical, and topical and diplomatic, files on UNCLOS III and destroyed the classified documents from the conference files.  A number of people who served on the U. S. delegation have contributed their papers, and these personal delegation files follow the State Department's.  There is a great deal of unavoidable duplication in this part of the collection, since all delegates received certain memoranda, reports, directives, etc.  However, the individuals' files are important because they also contain unique and detailed records on the donor's area of concentration and expertise.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nDonors whose papers contained U. S. Delegation files are Stuart McIntyre, John Norton Moore, Commanders John Henrikson and John Bennett, Myron Nordquist, Ambassador John R. Stevenson, G. Winthrop Haight, Julia Reardon, and Robert Krueger.  Ambassador Stevenson was the chairman of the U. S. Delegation to the first three sessions of UNCLOS III (1973-1975).  John Norton Moore was deputy chairman during Stevenson's term, but, unlike Stevenson who also maintained his law practice during this period, Moore worked full-time on conference and domestic oceans issues from his post at the State Department.  During this same period Stuart McIntyre served as Staff Director of the National Security Council Task Force on LOS, and coordinated the work of this interagency group preparing the U. S. Negotiating position.  Concurrently, Myron Nordquist was Office Director for the Task Force and, like McIntyre, was alternative representative on the U. S. Delegation; later (1977-1978), Nordquist was legislative counsel to Ambassador Elliott Richardson, head of the U. S. From 1977 to 1980.  Commanders Henrikson and Bennett worked on LOS matters at the Department of Defense, and Julia Riordan was special assistant for congressional and public relations for Ambassador James Malone, head of the U. S. Delegation in 1981-1982.  G. Winthrop Height, an expert advisor to the U. S. Delegation, was a lawyer for Shell Oil who observed the negotiations for the mining industry during the entire length of the conference.  Finally, Robert B. Krieger, an attorney practicing international law in Los Angeles, was a member, at various stages, of the U. S. Delegation and of the LOS Advisory Committee from 1971 to 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nTwo small collections concerning other delegations follow these papers.  The first were donated by Satya Nandan, ambassador from Fiji to UNCLOS III and Rapporteur for the Second Committee.  These documents are primarily working papers regarding LOS issues of special concern to Fiji.  The other collection contains a variety of documents donated by Michael hardy of the United Kingdom, whose official position was observer of UNCLOS III for the European Economic Communities. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThe third division of documents contains records of donors' LOS related work exclusive of their official involvement in UNCLOS III.  Highlights of this group include handwritten notes that G. Winthrop Height took at every LOS-related meeting he attended from 1967 to 1983, as well as all his correspondence and other documents concerning the ocean mining industry vis-a-vis UNCLOS III for those years.  John Norton Moore's personal files concern LOS-related domestic legislation, and Myron Nordquist's contain extensive research material concerning the offshore processing of ocean minerals.  Robert Krueger's papers primarily concern deep seabed mining as well.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers in the Law of the Sea Archives, having come from a number of sources, have been arranged to reflect the evolution of UNCLOS III.  Contrary to established archival practice, collections have been rearranged considerably to fit into organizational pattern of the LOS Archives as a whole.  The integrity of individual folders has been maintained for the most part, and original folder headings were used if they reflected the contents.  Collections of loose records have been labeled in general terms and arranged chronologically.","The collection has three major divisions: 1) Official United Nations negotiating documents, 2) delegations' official records and working files, and 3) individual delegates' personal files concerning UNCLOS III or related oceans matters.  The official documents were culled from a number of individual collections, or obtained from the United Nations, the United States State Department, or the Library of Congress.  As a rule, documents appearing in the UNCLOS III Official Record were not retained because they are voluminous and readily available elsewhere in the Law Library.  On the other hand, the relatively small body of negotiating documents issued by the Evensen Group, the seven negotiating groups, and others have been kept in the archives, though they also have been published.  Finally, there is an incomplete set of  United Nations Press Releases on UNCLOS III.    (N. B.: There are also nearly complete sets of documents from both the Seabed Committee and the Drafting Committee (all languages).  Separate finding aids for these extensive collections are available in the archives.)","The second large division is the delegations' documents.  The Israeli and Irish delegations have donated copies of their statements and draft proposals made throughout the conference; the Ukranian SSR contributed copies of statements.  The U. S. Department of State donated all the unclassified documents from their \"conference files.\"  These records reflect negotiating plans on a session-by-session basis throughout the conference.  The State Department kept their topical, and topical and diplomatic, files on UNCLOS III and destroyed the classified documents from the conference files.  A number of people who served on the U. S. delegation have contributed their papers, and these personal delegation files follow the State Department's.  There is a great deal of unavoidable duplication in this part of the collection, since all delegates received certain memoranda, reports, directives, etc.  However, the individuals' files are important because they also contain unique and detailed records on the donor's area of concentration and expertise.","Donors whose papers contained U. S. Delegation files are Stuart McIntyre, John Norton Moore, Commanders John Henrikson and John Bennett, Myron Nordquist, Ambassador John R. Stevenson, G. Winthrop Haight, Julia Reardon, and Robert Krueger.  Ambassador Stevenson was the chairman of the U. S. Delegation to the first three sessions of UNCLOS III (1973-1975).  John Norton Moore was deputy chairman during Stevenson's term, but, unlike Stevenson who also maintained his law practice during this period, Moore worked full-time on conference and domestic oceans issues from his post at the State Department.  During this same period Stuart McIntyre served as Staff Director of the National Security Council Task Force on LOS, and coordinated the work of this interagency group preparing the U. S. Negotiating position.  Concurrently, Myron Nordquist was Office Director for the Task Force and, like McIntyre, was alternative representative on the U. S. Delegation; later (1977-1978), Nordquist was legislative counsel to Ambassador Elliott Richardson, head of the U. S. From 1977 to 1980.  Commanders Henrikson and Bennett worked on LOS matters at the Department of Defense, and Julia Riordan was special assistant for congressional and public relations for Ambassador James Malone, head of the U. S. Delegation in 1981-1982.  G. Winthrop Height, an expert advisor to the U. S. Delegation, was a lawyer for Shell Oil who observed the negotiations for the mining industry during the entire length of the conference.  Finally, Robert B. Krieger, an attorney practicing international law in Los Angeles, was a member, at various stages, of the U. S. Delegation and of the LOS Advisory Committee from 1971 to 1985.","Two small collections concerning other delegations follow these papers.  The first were donated by Satya Nandan, ambassador from Fiji to UNCLOS III and Rapporteur for the Second Committee.  These documents are primarily working papers regarding LOS issues of special concern to Fiji.  The other collection contains a variety of documents donated by Michael hardy of the United Kingdom, whose official position was observer of UNCLOS III for the European Economic Communities.","The third division of documents contains records of donors' LOS related work exclusive of their official involvement in UNCLOS III.  Highlights of this group include handwritten notes that G. Winthrop Height took at every LOS-related meeting he attended from 1967 to 1983, as well as all his correspondence and other documents concerning the ocean mining industry vis-a-vis UNCLOS III for those years.  John Norton Moore's personal files concern LOS-related domestic legislation, and Myron Nordquist's contain extensive research material concerning the offshore processing of ocean minerals.  Robert Krueger's papers primarily concern deep seabed mining as well."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis is a collection of official and personal papers documenting the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III) at the University of Virginia from 1967-1995.  The first collection of documents acquired were from United States delegates to UNCLOS III who were also friends of the Law School's Center for Oceans Law and Policy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the early spring of 1982, letters were sent to heads and deputy heads of all the delegations to the conference, and to members of the US delegation below the top ranks.  The letters requested copies of official unclassified delegation reports, statements or proposals, and delegates' personal records of the conference.  The response from within the United States has been good.  Other states' delegation heads who responded wrote they turned over our request to their governments, but few documents came in.  Not only are many governments reluctant to release these materials to an American institution, but the planning and logistics for copying and sending them are time consuming and expensive.  A list of contributors follows the introduction.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommander John Bennett\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeter Bernhardt\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePatricia Birnie\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert Blumberg\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarjorie Browne\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. G. Winthrop Haight\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Hardy\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCommander John Henrikson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobert B. Krueger\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStuart McIntyre\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBarbara Moore\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Norton Moore\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbassador Satya Nandan (Fiji Delegation)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMyron Nordquist\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDolliver Nelson\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulia Reardon\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbassador Shabtai Rosenne (Israeli Delegation)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmbassador John R. 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