{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2020\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=3","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2020\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=2","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2020\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=4","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2020\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026page=29"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3,"next_page":4,"prev_page":2,"total_pages":29,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20,"total_count":281,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02_c04_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Bottle","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02_c04_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02_c04_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02_c04_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02_c04_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02_c04","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02_c04","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_2597","viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02","viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_2597","viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02","viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records","Series 3: Accession 2020.068 General papers, artifacts and audio visual materials","Artifacts"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records","Series 3: Accession 2020.068 General papers, artifacts and audio visual materials","Artifacts"],"text":["Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records","Series 3: Accession 2020.068 General papers, artifacts and audio visual materials","Artifacts","Bottle","box 7","Artifact 2020.068.A1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Bottle","title_ssm":["Bottle"],"title_tesim":["Bottle"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["Circa 2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bottle"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":20,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[2020],"containers_ssim":["box 7","Artifact 2020.068.A1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#3/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:33:17.190Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_2597","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_2597.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records","title_ssm":["Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records"],"title_tesim":["Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-[ongoing]"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-[ongoing]"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["UA 7.046","/repositories/2/resources/2597"],"text":["UA 7.046","/repositories/2/resources/2597","Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records","College of William and Mary--Students","Student Organizations--Sinfonicron Opera Company","Announcements","Photographs","Programs","Scrapbooks","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Known as the Williamsburg area's premiere Gilbert and Sullivan company, Sinfonicron is student-run on every level of production, from set design and construction, to direction, costuming and administration. Members come from William and Mary's three music fraternities, Delta Omicron, Phi Mu Alpha and Nu Kappa Epsilon, and the Theater Students Association. Sinfonicron produces one show every January on a three-year rotating schedule of two Gilbert and Sullivan shows and one non-Gilbert and Sullivan show."," Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  . Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  .","A portion of this collection was previously part of the University Archives Publications Collection.","Materials are in a tall Hollinger box.","Acc. 2012.006 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in January 2012. Acc. 2013.081 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in May 2013.","This accession is unprocessed.","University Archives Poster Collection; University Archives Audiovisual Collection."," Two audiocassette tapes of the 1988 production of The Mikado have been pulled from Acc. 2013.081 and were added to the University Archives Audiovisual Collection.","This collection contains clippings, programs, photographs, and other material produced by the Sinfonicron Light Opera Company at William \u0026 Mary. Included in the records are photographs of productions such as 42nd Street, City of Angels, Gondoliers, and Iolanthe. A scrapbook of programs from the first production in 1965 through 1992 is also included in this collection. Sinfonicron is a student-run company that puts on one opera production a year, usually during the Spring Semester.","Documents, artifacts, audio-visual materials and photographs produced by the Sinfonicron Light Opera Company from roughly 1961 to 2020. ","Materials include publicity, programs, merchandise (t-shirts, sweatshirt, mug, insulated travel mug), organizational documents (charter, producers' account notebook), scrapbook with photographs, sheet music, and signage used at the front of the house during the performance to explain the history of the show (large foam boards and oversized cards)","1979 Scrapbook for Patience, or the Bunthorne Bride, programs, organizational records, scripts, promotional materials","Contains publicity materials, a breastplate costume piece, and a Mikado vocal score and chorus score. The publicity materials include posters and flyers from student productions of Camelot. Also included is a 50th anniversary memory book signed by students and alumni.","Two audiocassette tapes of the 1988 production of The Mikado have been pulled from Acc. 2013.081 and were added to the University Archives Audiovisual Collection.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College Opera","English"],"unitid_tesim":["UA 7.046","/repositories/2/resources/2597"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records"],"collection_ssim":["Sinfonicron Light Opera Company records"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acc. 2012.006 was hand delivered to Special Collection on 1/23/2012.  Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member."],"access_subjects_ssim":["College of William and Mary--Students","Student Organizations--Sinfonicron Opera Company","Announcements","Photographs","Programs","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["College of William and Mary--Students","Student Organizations--Sinfonicron Opera Company","Announcements","Photographs","Programs","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Announcements","Photographs","Programs","Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1965],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eKnown as the Williamsburg area's premiere Gilbert and Sullivan company, Sinfonicron is student-run on every level of production, from set design and construction, to direction, costuming and administration. Members come from William and Mary's three music fraternities, Delta Omicron, Phi Mu Alpha and Nu Kappa Epsilon, and the Theater Students Association. Sinfonicron produces one show every January on a three-year rotating schedule of two Gilbert and Sullivan shows and one non-Gilbert and Sullivan show.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdbwiki.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Sinfonicron_Opera_Company\" title=\"Sinfonicron Opera Company\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e. Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: \u003cextref href=\"http://scdb.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Sinfonicron_Light_Opera_Company\" title=\"Sinfonicron Light Opera Company\"\u003e\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Known as the Williamsburg area's premiere Gilbert and Sullivan company, Sinfonicron is student-run on every level of production, from set design and construction, to direction, costuming and administration. Members come from William and Mary's three music fraternities, Delta Omicron, Phi Mu Alpha and Nu Kappa Epsilon, and the Theater Students Association. Sinfonicron produces one show every January on a three-year rotating schedule of two Gilbert and Sullivan shows and one non-Gilbert and Sullivan show."," Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  . Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki:  ."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA portion of this collection was previously part of the University Archives Publications Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["A portion of this collection was previously part of the University Archives Publications Collection."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials are in a tall Hollinger box.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General"],"odd_tesim":["Materials are in a tall Hollinger box."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSinfonicron Opera Company records, Special Collections Research Center,  William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Sinfonicron Opera Company records, Special Collections Research Center,  William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAcc. 2012.006 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in January 2012. Acc. 2013.081 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in May 2013.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis accession is unprocessed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information","Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Acc. 2012.006 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in January 2012. Acc. 2013.081 accessioned and minimally described by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in May 2013.","This accession is unprocessed."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUniversity Archives Poster Collection; University Archives Audiovisual Collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e Two audiocassette tapes of the 1988 production of The Mikado have been pulled from Acc. 2013.081 and were added to the University Archives Audiovisual Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["University Archives Poster Collection; University Archives Audiovisual Collection."," Two audiocassette tapes of the 1988 production of The Mikado have been pulled from Acc. 2013.081 and were added to the University Archives Audiovisual Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains clippings, programs, photographs, and other material produced by the Sinfonicron Light Opera Company at William \u0026amp; Mary. Included in the records are photographs of productions such as 42nd Street, City of Angels, Gondoliers, and Iolanthe. A scrapbook of programs from the first production in 1965 through 1992 is also included in this collection. Sinfonicron is a student-run company that puts on one opera production a year, usually during the Spring Semester.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments, artifacts, audio-visual materials and photographs produced by the Sinfonicron Light Opera Company from roughly 1961 to 2020. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMaterials include publicity, programs, merchandise (t-shirts, sweatshirt, mug, insulated travel mug), organizational documents (charter, producers' account notebook), scrapbook with photographs, sheet music, and signage used at the front of the house during the performance to explain the history of the show (large foam boards and oversized cards)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1979 Scrapbook for Patience, or the Bunthorne Bride, programs, organizational records, scripts, promotional materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains publicity materials, a breastplate costume piece, and a Mikado vocal score and chorus score. The publicity materials include posters and flyers from student productions of Camelot. Also included is a 50th anniversary memory book signed by students and alumni.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains clippings, programs, photographs, and other material produced by the Sinfonicron Light Opera Company at William \u0026 Mary. Included in the records are photographs of productions such as 42nd Street, City of Angels, Gondoliers, and Iolanthe. A scrapbook of programs from the first production in 1965 through 1992 is also included in this collection. Sinfonicron is a student-run company that puts on one opera production a year, usually during the Spring Semester.","Documents, artifacts, audio-visual materials and photographs produced by the Sinfonicron Light Opera Company from roughly 1961 to 2020. ","Materials include publicity, programs, merchandise (t-shirts, sweatshirt, mug, insulated travel mug), organizational documents (charter, producers' account notebook), scrapbook with photographs, sheet music, and signage used at the front of the house during the performance to explain the history of the show (large foam boards and oversized cards)","1979 Scrapbook for Patience, or the Bunthorne Bride, programs, organizational records, scripts, promotional materials","Contains publicity materials, a breastplate costume piece, and a Mikado vocal score and chorus score. The publicity materials include posters and flyers from student productions of Camelot. Also included is a 50th anniversary memory book signed by students and alumni."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo audiocassette tapes of the 1988 production of The Mikado have been pulled from Acc. 2013.081 and were added to the University Archives Audiovisual Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two audiocassette tapes of the 1988 production of The Mikado have been pulled from Acc. 2013.081 and were added to the University Archives Audiovisual Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_coll_ssim":["College Opera"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College Opera"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College Opera"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":35,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:33:17.190Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_2597_c02_c04_c01"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01_c04_c05","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Bound copy of The Ringing of the Bells","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01_c04_c05#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01_c04_c05","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01_c04_c05"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01_c04_c05","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01_c04","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01_c04","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy","Series 1. Garnie Walker Testa Papers","The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy","Series 1. Garnie Walker Testa Papers","The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia"],"text":["Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy","Series 1. Garnie Walker Testa Papers","The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia","Bound copy of The Ringing of the Bells","Box 6"],"title_filing_ssi":"Bound copy of  The Ringing of the Bells","title_ssm":["Bound copy of The Ringing of the Bells"],"title_tesim":["Bound copy of The Ringing of the Bells"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bound copy of The Ringing of the Bells"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":106,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[2020],"containers_ssim":["Box 6"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#3/components#4","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:45:36.485Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_7073.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/257555","title_ssm":["Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy"],"title_tesim":["Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy"],"unitdate_ssm":["1878-2025"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1878-2025"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4670","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/7073"],"text":["A\u0026M 4670","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/7073","Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy","Clay County, West Virginia -- Genealogy","Education -- West Virginia -- Clay County","World War, 1939-1945 -- Veterans -- West Virginia","Farm life -- West Virginia","Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Garnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) was a native of a West Virginia mountain farming community within the Elk River basin, near Ivydale in Clay County. She was an educator, a World War II veteran, a farmer and a local historian. ","After graduating as valedictorian from Clay County High School in 1933, she earned her first teaching certificate from Glenville State Teachers College in 1934, a Bachelor of Arts from Marshall College in 1940 and a Master of Arts from West Virginia University in 1942. During these years and until 1944, she also taught grades 1 through 8, mostly in one-room, Clay County rural schools. ","In 1944, while at WVU, Walker enlisted in the U.S. Women's Army Corps. Following her military training in Iowa, she was assigned to work at the Pentagon and then, at the war's end, was placed with the Historical Division in Germany's American Zone. While in Weisbaden, she met Carmelo F. Testa who was serving in the U.S. Air Force, and they married in 1949. Soon after, they returned to the U.S. and Garnie Walker Testa returned to her teaching career in West Virginia. Beginning in the fall of 1950, she taught at elementary and junior high schools in Kanawha County and continued through the spring of 1958. In 1954, Walker Testa bought her family's Laurel Run Farm from her parents. Then from 1958 through 1975, she taught grades 11 and 12 (mostly English and History) at Clay County High School and continued farming. ","After retiring in 1975, Walker Testa expanded her WVU thesis research into a full-length book manuscript, doing much of the writing during the cold winters on the farm. Although she completed it ca. 1983,  The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia  was not published until 2020. Many of the items in this collection were compiled and retained by Walker Testa, but her niece, Karen Jo Walker, is responsible for organizing the collection, editing/publishing the education history volume, and compiling much of the genealogical research. Karen J. Walker, Ph.D., retired, is an archaeological and historical researcher.","Includes the papers of Garnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) and genealogical research about the Walker-Testa family. The papers include material retained from her high school, college, and graduate school years, like graduation photographs and academic texts – all in Series 1 Subseries 1. The collection also includes documentation of her military service in the Army during World War II, featuring items like field guides for military procedures, photographs of herself and peers in uniform, and travel books acquired while serving internationally – all in Series 1 Subseries 2. There are materials from Walker Testa's time as a teacher in Kanawha and Clay Counties, West Virginia, like certificates commemorating her work and books used in the classroom – all in Series 1 Subseries 3. A copy of Walker Testa's historical survey of education in Clay County,  The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia,  and other items related to the book's production are featured, including some digital material – all in Series 1 Subseries 4. Additionally, there is genealogical research material that explores her life and her family's lineage through material like descendant charts, biographical sketches, and old family photographs – all in Series 1 Subseries 5 and the collection's addendum of 2025.","This series includes Walker Testa's personal and professional papers retained throughout her life. It includes material from her education at Glenville State Teachers College, Marshall College and West Viriginia University, documentation of her military service in the US Women's Army Corps, items from her 30+ years of service as a teacher in Clay and Kanawha County schools, material related to the research, writing, and publication of her book on the history of education in Clay County, and an assortment of genealogical research material compiled by and about Walker Testa.","This subseries includes materials related to Walker's education in Clay County schools and her secondary education to become a teacher. She earned her teaching certificate from Glenville State Teachers College in 1934, her bachelor's degree at Marshall College in 1940 and her master's degree at West Virginia University in 1942. Includes academic textbooks, photographs of Walker with school friends and in graduation regalia, correspondence, and a copy of her master's thesis.","The gathers at the shoulder of Walker's garment are suggestive of a graduation gown. May be her high school graduation photograph.","Written, mailed, and stamped by Ottie Walker to her sister Garnie Walker, address \"Ivydale, Wva\" in October 1936. Includes a message about cost of boarding, cases of scarlet fever, and other things. Found hidden in between pages 322 and 323 of Walker's  Elements of Geography  textbook.","John Coulter is the son of Janie Stephenson Coulter, a teacher who has an entry in  The Ringing of the Bells .  A related email was printed and included. On the back of the photograph, John Coulter wrote, \"Garnie Walker, Glenville. Mom's Room Mate,\" however, a stamp of the developer indicates that the photo was made in Des Moines, Iowa. In late 1944, Walker did spend 9 weeks in Des Moines in WAC Training, but the location and date of the photo is uncertain.","Two same-day images on hilltop near Glenville, WV, 1930s. One is of Walker standing by herself. The second is her sitting with Janie Stephenson; behind them are Jim Curry (left) and French DeBoard (rt). A related email was printed and included.","Possible locations are Glenville State Teachers College, Marshall College, and even WVU in Morgantown. 1930s or early 1940s.","Estimate for the date and context of this photograph is Walker's 1940 graduation from Marshall College when she received her B.A. degree in Education.","Walker's graduation announcement of the 1940 Marshall College commencement ceremony; her name appears on the last page.","Written, stamped, and mailed from Walker to her sister Josephine (\"Mrs. Josephine Hickman\") in Charleston, WV. Likely sent while Walker was in Huntington at Marshall College.","A History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia . Garnie Wilma Walker, A.B. 1942 Morgantown, West Virginia. Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts to the Faculty of the Graduate School of West Virginia University. This is Walker's personal copy of her thesis. The Chairman of her examining committee was Dr. H. G. Wheat of the College of Education, WVU. His signature appears at the back.","Marshall College Student Government yearbook, 1940. Walker's name is printed in the front of the book. She completed her Bachelor of Arts degree in the Teachers College of Marshall College in June 1940. Her photograph as a senior student is included on page 48.","Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book.","Walker's hand-printed name appears in ink in front of this Pulitzer-Prize winning novel. Glasgow \"portrayed the changing world of the contemporary South in a realistic manner\" (including the topic of racism).","\"Garnie W. Walker Ivydale, W. Va.\" appears in penciled cursive writing in front of book. Within text are penciled underlining and notes in Walker's hand and someone else's, perhaps her sister Ottie's. There are 9 folded maps in an attached envelope at the back of the book. Also there are seven folded papers that are tests and/or study questions related to the book. Much of the handwriting on these is Garnie Walker's. There may be a second person's writing; possibly Ottie Walker.","\"Miss Garnie Walker\" appears in ink in front of book, but the previous owner(s) has written many notes in pencil in front and elsewhere. Notes at back of book are in Walker's hand, and somewhere she wrote \"Test\" at the beginning of a section.","Walker's name appears in ink, cursive writing in front of book. Her penciled notes and underlining are evident. This book likely influenced her Masters work where she identified, researched and followed through with a \"Problem\" for a written thesis.","Walker's name appears in ink, cursive writing in front of book. She may have acquired this book around 1936 while at Glenville State College.","Walker's printed, inked name appears in front of book. She may have used this book in part, along with the Methodology one, during the summer of 1942 to guide her thesis work/writing/formatting. Her handwritten notes appear on several pages.","\"Garnie W. Testa\" is hand-printed in red pencil in front of book. She married Carmelo Testa in 1949 but this is a textbook likely acquired in Morgantown during her WVU Master's Degree work, so it is unclear when she wrote her name.","\"Garnie W. Walker\" appears, hand-printed in ink, in the front of this textbook. Previously owned. Penciled underlining evident.","Garnie Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book. Below it is another name, presumably a previous owner.","Garnie Walker's name is in inked cursive writing in front of book.","\"Garnie W. Walker\" appears in ink in front of book. The book relates to secondary-school instruction. Walker received her Secondary Teaching Certificate from Marshall College in 1943.","\"Garnie Wilma Walker Ivydale, W. Va.\" is printed in ink by Walker's hand in front of book. There was at least one previous owner/user, so more than one person has made notations throughout, but Walker's handwritten penciled notes are recognizably distinctive.","Ottie Walker's penciled cursive signature is written in front of book. Garnie Walker used and cited this updated history volume in her 1942 WVU M.A. thesis.","\"Garnie W. Walker\" is hand-printed in ink in front of book.","Garnie Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book. Others appear in cursive by different hands, as does a penciled price of $2.29. While not directly related to Walker's course of study, she may have used this plant book for reference.","\"Garnie Walker Ivydale, Clay Co. W. Va.\" written in cursive ink in front of book. She likely used this book as a text during the 1939-1940 school year at Marshall College.","Garnie Walker's name is in penciled cursive writing in front of book. Penciled notes and underlining are present through the book.","Garnie Walker's inked, printed name appears in the front of this book.","\"Garnie Wilma Walker\" and \"Garnie Walker\" names appear in front of book. As do \"Ottie Walker,\" and \"Mary Brannon\" (possibly a cousin on maternal side of family). And \"Nay S. Hathaway June 14, 1935 Glenville College.\" Mr. Hathaway was a teacher at Laurel Ridge School. Other names of owners/users appear. Walker was at Glenville State Teachers College in the summers of 1933 -1937.","This subseries includes materials related to Garnie Walker's military service. She enlisted in the US Women's Army Corps in 1944. There are several photographs of Walker in military uniform, of her and friends in the service, and of Carmelo Testa, whom she married in 1949. There are several guides that would have been issued to Walker while in the service and several commemorative books written after the war ended, including an excerpt written by Garnie Walker Testa for a publication highlighting Clay County WWII veterans. These materials also document Garnie Walker and Carmelo Testa's travels with the military, including postcards and photographs from around Europe. A large assortment of travel guides, language learning books, and other books about the history and culture of countries in continental Europe, the British Isles, Scandinavia, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia are also included.","Walker wrote her name in front of book - \"Garnie Walker\" and there is a stamp: \"….......'s Bookstore - The Pentagon - Washington 25 D. C.\"","Edited volume featuring a memoir by Walker Testa","Edited volume featuring an essay by Walker","On page III, a statement reads that the book is published \"by order of the Secretary of War: Official: Dwight D. Eisenhower, Chief of Staff and Edward F. Witsell, Major General The Adjutant General,\" and Garnie Walker wrote in pencil next to Witsell's name: \"My Boss for 6 months. Left this office to go to Germany June 1946.\"","Walker's name is printed on the front cover along with her number A513026. These are also stamped in bold black ink on the front cover, inside on front page, and again in the back.","Elmendorf is likely where Carmelo Testa, Walker's husband, was stationed throughout the 1950s.","Two related booklets","Photograph is in a decorative \"USA\" frame with flag motifs","Includes the following photographs, many of which have handwritten captions:  Garnie W. Walker in uniform including cap. \"About 1946.\" (shoulder patch signifies Military District - Washington.); Photographs of Garnie W. Walker in uniform 1947 (2 8x10s (1 b/w, 1 colorized); 1 5x6); Photograph of Carmelo Testa in uniform, sitting in a dog sled with dogs on snow-covered ground in front of a building (likely taken in Alaska, where he was station at this time);  Six photographs of scenes that may be in Alaska, presumably taken by Carmelo Testa; Photograph of 7th Historical Unit - Headquarters USAFE, Wiesbaden Germany July 1947 (Eight individuals all named on back of photo in Walker's handwriting. Taken on steps to a building); A photograph showing Garnie Walker with her brother in law Judson Hickman in a Naval uniform.; Photograph of Garnie and her sister Josephine E. Walker; Photograph of Walker's visit to a German farm; Photograph of Walker in a uniform overcoat and cap; Photograph captioned by Walker showing American soldiers at wreckage of Hitler's bombed retreat; Photograph captioned by Walker as \"Eagle's Nest - Hitler's Retreat - Berchtesgaden.\"; 4 photographs of Walker in uniform in Austria, Denmark, and Norway; Photograph of Walker and friends at a dinner party at the Rocker Club, Wiesbaden, Germany, 5 February, 1948; Photograph of Walker and friends in front of an airplane, Wiesbaden Airfield. 1948; Photograph of Walker and friends under wing of same airplane, Wiesbaden Airfield; Photograph of a 3-story building in Frankfurt, Germany, August 1948; Photograph of same 3-story building in Frankfurt; Photograph of a funeral for a WAC 1948; Photograph of Walker sitting in a chair in Copenhagen; Photographs of Walker and friends in uniform taken at Wespertal Lodge, Germany, 1948?; Photograph of Garnie W. Walker in uniform with cap;  Wedding photographs of Garnie Walker Testa and new husband Carmelo F. Testa. April 29, 1949; Photograph of the Egyptian Sphinx with pyramid in background (After missions in North Africa and Italy, ca. 1942-1943, Carmelo Testa visited Alexandria and Cairo, Egypt.); Photograph of Carmelo F. Testa in Panama - Canal Zone, circa 1938; Portrait photographs of Carmelo Francisco Testa in uniform, 1948, Air Force First Intelligence Service.; Printed photographs of framed panoramic photograph of Thirty Third Infantry - Panama Canal Zone 1938","Includes the following items: Postcard of Hotel Maison Rouge where Walker stayed in Strasbourg, France November 19-21, 1948 (In Walker's handwriting. It is not addressed to anyone. It may have been included in an envelope perhaps with a letter.); Postcard of the Eiffel Tower from \"Carmelo and Garnie.\" 1949 (In Walker's handwriting, stamped addressed to her mother home on the farm. \"Mrs. Albert S. Walker, Ivydale, West Virginia U. S. A.\" GW and Carmelo Testa were on their honeymoon in Paris, May 1949.); Postcard showing the Hotel de Ville, a bridge over the Seine with a boat. 1949 (From Walker, stamped and addressed to \"Mrs. Gene Hamrick\" Clay WV. This was Wallker's sister, Justena Walker Hamrick.); 2 postcards from Pvt. Garnie W. Walker in Iowa where she was in training at Fort Des Moines (one sent to sister Josephine and one sent to brother Leonard); 2 postcards from Pfc. Garnie W. Walker at Fort Myer, VA (both sent to Josephine)","Includes a series of letters, but one seems to be missing, per a note from the donor.","Includes an assortment of 110 guidebooks, pamphlets, language learning books, history and culture books, and more for regions across continental Europe, the British Isles, Scandinavia, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.","Likely belonged to Carmelo Testa","Two copies","Walker visited Nurnberg to view the trials, this may the record of the one she attended.","Carmelo Testa is likely in this photograph.","This subseries includes items from Walker Testa's decades of service as an educator in Clay County public schools. There are photographs of Walker Testa and her students, photocopied excerpts of yearbooks, and certificates and letters of appreciation. There is also an assortment of books that Walker Testa used in her classroom.","Walker taught at Laurel Ridge School in the 1936-1937 school year. Her handwriting appears on the backside: \"Laurel Ridge School Garnie Walker Teacher.\" A dated stamp from Glenville WV also is exhibited. Notes have been added to this copy in pencil by Karen Walker.","These are sitting portrait-style photographs that were taken of Walker Testa as a member of the faculty at Clay County High School where she taught 1943-1944 and 1958-1975. Only one is dated - 1967 - but all the others also could be dated if the school yearbooks were consulted.","Walker Testa served as the faculty advisor for the yearbook (known as the \"Tiskelwah\") in 1967","Included are a letter signed by 16 members of the 1975 Tiskelwah Staff; a letter from Gov. Arch Moore (1975); a letter from A. J. Manchin, Sec. of State (1983), and more","References Walker Testa's work as a teacher","\"Tiskelwah\" is the name of the Clay County High School yearbook","English composition for 7th and 8th grades. \"Garnie Walker\" appears in ink in front of book and lightly penciled, relevant marks, etc. in Walker's handwriting on multiple pages. She likely used this book, 1934-1939 while teaching in several one-room rural schools and/or at Swandale, 1941-1943.","Second book has \"Testa\" in blue pencil in front of book and only a few pencil markings within the text. \"Garnie Walker\" appears in the other 3 books; all 3 exhibit much handwriting by Walker throughout. The seventh-year book exhibits a stamp in the front recording the place of purchase: Murphy \u0026 Company Department Store Since 1902, Clay, W. Va. Walker taught grades 6, 7, and 8 at Swandale School, where she also served as Principal. (The eighth-year book exhibits, in the back, the name Leonard Walker, Garnie Walker's youngest brother who attended Laurel Ridge School, 1-8 grades.)","Several pages have been torn from the front of the book, including the title page. Penciled underlining and notes, the latter in Walker's handwriting appear here and there, especially on page 17 and back of book.","There was at least one previous owner of book whose name appears in front. Also includes the purchase price of $0.73. In the back, many names are written by someone other than Walker. Many penciled markings appear throughout - some are recognizably Walker's (small, tight cursive script.) She likely used this book, 1934-1939 in one-rooms and/or at Swandale, 1941-1943. See timeline.","\"This is a music book for one-room schools…\" Garnie Walker's name is printed in ink in the front of this book. On the back of the first page is a list of music terms written by her hand. On title page, upper right, appears the initials LOW. Walker taught her younger brothers. Leon and Leonard, the latter having the initials LOW. She likely used this book, 1934-1939. Relevant notations in pencil are by her hand.","Garnie Walker's name is penciled in front of book, cursive writing. There are also penciled notes through the text in her hand. Based on a few of these (indicating what will be tested), Walker possibly also used this book as a student.","Garnie Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book. Likely used during 1934-1939 and/or 1941-1943.","This is a science reader for intermediate grades. Ottie Walker's signature appears in ink in front of this book. Ottie was one of Garnie Walker's sisters. Ottie also taught in Clay County's one-room schools during the 1930s and later in Kanawha County as Ottie Walker Callison.","Garnie Walker's name in cursive writing is inked in front of book. Also, a \"Murphy \u0026 Company Department Store Clay W. Va.\" stamp. Given the age of this book, Walker may well have used it well before she taught Health during her first year (1943-1944) teaching at Clay County High School.","Clay County supporters/businesses listed in back.","Camp songs, etc.","Walker Testa was an active 4-H faculty advisor/organizer during her years teaching at Clay County High School.","Walker Testa was an active member of this international, honorary educational society. Alpha Phi is the West Virginia state organization within the Society. She was first a member of the Nu Chapter (she is mentioned on page 105) and then with the Alpha Alpha Chapter (pages 134-135). On page 134 she is mentioned twice and said to be the chapter's recording secretary; on page 135 she appears in the photograph with other Clay County teachers who have auto/biographical entries in the  The Ringing of the Bells  book.","Multiple listings of Garnie W. Testa. She was President of the Chapter (see page 19).","Page 44 - Alpha Alpha Chapter listing includes Garnie W. Testa.","Some of these exhibit Garnie Walker's handwriting and some have handwritten dates noted on them, perhaps indicating a year when the plays were performed. One is as recent as 1975, the year of Walker's retirement. According to Walker's daughter Rosalia, she loved incorporating plays into her teaching through the years.","This subseries includes materials related to the development and production of  The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia . This book is an expansion of Walker Testa's master's thesis, but most of the expanded research and writing was done in the 1970s and early 1980s. From the 2010s to 2020, Karen J. Walker worked with the Clay County Historical Society to edit, publish, and distribute the book. A small portion of Walker Testa's original research material, like maps and an unfinished manuscript copy of the book are included. Related items are included in digital format, like teacher biographies and supporting photographs. There are also items created during the process of editing, printing, and publicizing the book -- both paper and digital. Lastly, there is a completed, bound copy of the book.","Includes a copy of a 1889 document that was researched for  The Ringing of the Bells  but ultimately not used, titled \"Specifications for S House in Pleasant District Clay County West Va.\" The date the photocopy was created is unknown.","This copy was manually typewritten by Garnie Walker Testa. It is stored across 5 manila folders in box 6.","These envelopes feature handwritten notes from Garnie Walker Testa, Karen Walker, and/or others involved in the book","This image was used in the book.","Includes the following maps and related correspondence: Outline Map With County Seats State of West Virginia by WV Dept of Highways, undated; map of Clay County Primary and Secondary Highways created by the State Road Commission of West Virginia, 1971 reprint of 1933 edition map; General Highway Map - Clay County - West Virginia by WV Department of Highways, 1976; ordering information for Department of Highways maps and two 8 1/2 x 11 in. maps of the Outline Map with County Seats","Includes digital copies of information used by Karen Walker to facilitate the production and distribution of the book, which took place around 2014-2020. Digital folder titles are as follows: \"1989 Letters \u0026 Permission Form,\" \"Book Printing - Sheridan,\" \"Chapter 11 map images,\" \"Chapter 11 School Photos,\" \"Chapter 17 Clay County Teachers,\" \"Editor,\" \"Flyers and Order Form,\" \"Hist of Clay Co Education FINAL book image 5-14-2020,\" \"Hist of Clay Co Education FINAL Testa book 4-21-2020,\" \"Maps 1, 2, 3,\" and \"Misc. Correspondence\"","This subseries includes an assortment of genealogical research about the Walker family. Descendant lists, biographical sketches, photographs, obituaries, and more are included – some of which were compiled by Walker Testa and others compiled after her death in 1999. There is also a collection of books owned by her father, Albert Seth Walker, in the late 19th- and early 20th-centuries and an 1881 bible that has been passed down through the family. Albert Seth Walker likely attended Little Laurel School and later a Normal school in Clay County. He attained a Teaching Certificate and later became a minister. Most of the academic and religious books in this series belonged to him unless otherwise noted. His name and sometimes \"Ivydale, Clay Co\" appears in the covers of these books.","Provided by Neva Pearl Shiflett Adams. Adams achieved the breakthrough finding of Walker connections to colonial New Hampshire and Massachusetts and then back to England. After the death of Solomon Walker in NH, his wife Leah Boyden Walker and their son, Solon Walker moved south into West Virginia.","Provided by Neva Pearl Shiflett Adams. A. J. Walker was Garnie Walker's paternal grandfather. A. J. Walker and his family are the source of the Walker Road community name, located off of Laurel Ridge Road. As of 2022, Walker Road is known as Dark Hollow Road.","Walker and others did not have the advantage of the internet or DNA analyses when completing this work. For a long time, it was thought that the WV Walker family was connected to the 1775 Joel Walker (m. Jane Cavendish) line. This has been corrected in recent years.","During the 1980s, Garnie Walker Testa researched her family tree as best she could, with the occasional help of others, including her youngest brother, Leonard O. Walker. The connection made between Joel Walker/Jane Cavendish is an error.","Includes the following photos: Image of Albert Seth Walker and Ollie Dove Brannon Walker with their first three children: Garnie Wilma (first born), Ottie Irene, and Josephine Etta (third born); 1919 [Studio] Image of the oldest three Walker sisters: Garnie Wilma, Ottie Irene, and Josephine Etta;  1920s image of Garnie, Ottie, and Josephine standing in front of a fence; 1920s image of Garnie, Ottie, and Josephine sitting on back of saddled farm horse; 1924 image of Garnie (and likely also Ottie) Walker in a school group taken against an exterior wall of Laurel Ridge School near Ivydale, WV; Image from Clay County Free Press of Garnie Walker and 2 high school friends, taken in 1933; A photograph of a group of people at a table; and a photograph of a group of people outdoors","Photographs feature Garnie Walker Testa's farm, taken by Karen J. Walker. 1: Open gate, Barn on right. Camera is facing north/NE. On the hilltop in center of photo, under the trees, is the old Lyons cemetery, identified on maps as the Cherrytree Cemetery. The visible farm road leads up and on around to the right toward the other trees. In this area is the \"new\" Walker Cemetery where Albert and Ollie Walker and are buried. And in 1999, where Garnie Walker Testa was also buried, alongside Carmelo. 2: Lower portion of the same barn seen in previous photo. 3: Mountaintop farm view with a fence, pasture, and one of Garnie's cows. (Cherrytree Cemetery is named for Cherrytree Run/Fork which is beyond view and runs into Rush Fork). 4: Another view of the barn with outbuildings on the left and the house to the right near the evergreen trees. Color images were taken in 1982 by Bruce C. Walker, which feature the old farm, located below Garnie Walker Testa's ridgetop home (still within the 221 acres). It is down at the head of Laurel Run which flows into the Big Otter and on to the Elk River. There were other outbuildings not shown in these photos. K. J. Walker, her brothers and cousins, including Garnie's daughter Rosalia, are currently working to document this older farm.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","\"Garnie Walker\" in cursive pencil appears in front of book along with the cursive penciled names of 3 of Garnie's 6 siblings (all younger than her): Ottie, Josephine, and Leon. On page viii another sister's name, Justena, appears. Frye states (Preface) that the book is meant for 4th through 6th grades.","\"Garnie Walker\" in cursive ink appears in front of book. She graduated (8th grade) in May of 1930, so likely her siblings used this book. Genevieve Walker's name appears here and there along with a first cousin, Maxine Walker.","A book in \"The Story Series in Health.\" In the front, Garnie Walker's name appears in a penciled, child's cursive handwriting, as does her sister's and a date \"Miss Genevieve Pearl Walker September 1936.\" Also, four blue-ink stamps of \"Murphy \u0026 Company Department Store Since 1902 - Clay, W.Va.\" Walker was in 4th grade at Laurel Ridge School in 1924 (see photo image) and used this book when it was new. When Genevieve used it in her 4th grade, in 1936-1937, Garnie was her teacher. This book was published just a few years after the 1918-1920 flu pandemic. From the Preface: \"This book is offered as a contribution to the newer health teaching now being inaugurated in our schools.\" Directed at fourth and fifth grades. Garnie's (and her siblings') paternal grandmother, Almira Jane (Hanshaw) Walker, died of the flu on March 8, 1920.","Garnie Walker's name in cursive writing is inked in front of book. Given the age of this book and that it was meant for high-school students, GW likely used it as a student at Clay County High School. It is also likely that when she herself taught Health during her first year (1943-1944) teaching at CCHS that she used this textbook again.","\"Garnie Walker Ivydale, W. Va.\" appears in ink, hand-printed in her hand, in front of book. Walker attended Clay County High School 1930-1933 graduating as Valedictorian of her Class of 1933.","On page 14 is a recipe submitted by Garnie W. Testa - \"Biscuits Supreme.\"","This addendum includes additional genealogical research compiled by Karen Jo Walker. This research is primarily focused on 19th-century Walker relatives Solomon Walker, his sons Solon and Joel Walker, and their families. Items like maps, land deeds, obituaries, newspaper clippings, and photographs that feature these individuals are included. K. J. Walker has also provided biographical sketches and extensive notes to better contextualize her research findings.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999","Walker, Karen Jo","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4670","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/7073"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy"],"collection_title_tesim":["Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy"],"collection_ssim":["Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Clay County, West Virginia -- Genealogy"],"geogname_ssim":["Clay County, West Virginia -- Genealogy"],"creator_ssm":["Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999","Walker, Karen Jo"],"creator_ssim":["Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999","Walker, Karen Jo"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999","Walker, Karen Jo"],"creators_ssim":["Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999","Walker, Karen Jo"],"places_ssim":["Clay County, West Virginia -- Genealogy"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gifts from Walker, Karen Jo of 2022 October 5 and 2025 February 11."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Education -- West Virginia -- Clay County","World War, 1939-1945 -- Veterans -- West Virginia","Farm life -- West Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Education -- West Virginia -- Clay County","World War, 1939-1945 -- Veterans -- West Virginia","Farm life -- West Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["9.88 Linear Feet 9 ft. 10 1/2 in. (1 document case, 5 in.; 1 document case, 2.5 in.; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.1 in.; 1 framed cirkut photograph, 1 in.)","856 Megabytes 682 assorted .tiff, .docx, .jpg, .wps, .odt, .pptx, and .pdf files"],"extent_tesim":["9.88 Linear Feet 9 ft. 10 1/2 in. (1 document case, 5 in.; 1 document case, 2.5 in.; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 1 flat storage box, 5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.1 in.; 1 framed cirkut photograph, 1 in.)","856 Megabytes 682 assorted .tiff, .docx, .jpg, .wps, .odt, .pptx, and .pdf files"],"date_range_isim":[1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Researchers may access digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGarnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) was a native of a West Virginia mountain farming community within the Elk River basin, near Ivydale in Clay County. She was an educator, a World War II veteran, a farmer and a local historian. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduating as valedictorian from Clay County High School in 1933, she earned her first teaching certificate from Glenville State Teachers College in 1934, a Bachelor of Arts from Marshall College in 1940 and a Master of Arts from West Virginia University in 1942. During these years and until 1944, she also taught grades 1 through 8, mostly in one-room, Clay County rural schools. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1944, while at WVU, Walker enlisted in the U.S. Women's Army Corps. Following her military training in Iowa, she was assigned to work at the Pentagon and then, at the war's end, was placed with the Historical Division in Germany's American Zone. While in Weisbaden, she met Carmelo F. Testa who was serving in the U.S. Air Force, and they married in 1949. Soon after, they returned to the U.S. and Garnie Walker Testa returned to her teaching career in West Virginia. Beginning in the fall of 1950, she taught at elementary and junior high schools in Kanawha County and continued through the spring of 1958. In 1954, Walker Testa bought her family's Laurel Run Farm from her parents. Then from 1958 through 1975, she taught grades 11 and 12 (mostly English and History) at Clay County High School and continued farming. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring in 1975, Walker Testa expanded her WVU thesis research into a full-length book manuscript, doing much of the writing during the cold winters on the farm. Although she completed it ca. 1983, \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eThe Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e was not published until 2020. Many of the items in this collection were compiled and retained by Walker Testa, but her niece, Karen Jo Walker, is responsible for organizing the collection, editing/publishing the education history volume, and compiling much of the genealogical research. Karen J. Walker, Ph.D., retired, is an archaeological and historical researcher.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Garnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) was a native of a West Virginia mountain farming community within the Elk River basin, near Ivydale in Clay County. She was an educator, a World War II veteran, a farmer and a local historian. ","After graduating as valedictorian from Clay County High School in 1933, she earned her first teaching certificate from Glenville State Teachers College in 1934, a Bachelor of Arts from Marshall College in 1940 and a Master of Arts from West Virginia University in 1942. During these years and until 1944, she also taught grades 1 through 8, mostly in one-room, Clay County rural schools. ","In 1944, while at WVU, Walker enlisted in the U.S. Women's Army Corps. Following her military training in Iowa, she was assigned to work at the Pentagon and then, at the war's end, was placed with the Historical Division in Germany's American Zone. While in Weisbaden, she met Carmelo F. Testa who was serving in the U.S. Air Force, and they married in 1949. Soon after, they returned to the U.S. and Garnie Walker Testa returned to her teaching career in West Virginia. Beginning in the fall of 1950, she taught at elementary and junior high schools in Kanawha County and continued through the spring of 1958. In 1954, Walker Testa bought her family's Laurel Run Farm from her parents. Then from 1958 through 1975, she taught grades 11 and 12 (mostly English and History) at Clay County High School and continued farming. ","After retiring in 1975, Walker Testa expanded her WVU thesis research into a full-length book manuscript, doing much of the writing during the cold winters on the farm. Although she completed it ca. 1983,  The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia  was not published until 2020. Many of the items in this collection were compiled and retained by Walker Testa, but her niece, Karen Jo Walker, is responsible for organizing the collection, editing/publishing the education history volume, and compiling much of the genealogical research. Karen J. Walker, Ph.D., retired, is an archaeological and historical researcher."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy, A\u0026amp;M 4670, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Garnie Walker Testa Papers and Walker-Testa Family Genealogy, A\u0026M 4670, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes the papers of Garnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) and genealogical research about the Walker-Testa family. The papers include material retained from her high school, college, and graduate school years, like graduation photographs and academic texts – all in Series 1 Subseries 1. The collection also includes documentation of her military service in the Army during World War II, featuring items like field guides for military procedures, photographs of herself and peers in uniform, and travel books acquired while serving internationally – all in Series 1 Subseries 2. There are materials from Walker Testa's time as a teacher in Kanawha and Clay Counties, West Virginia, like certificates commemorating her work and books used in the classroom – all in Series 1 Subseries 3. A copy of Walker Testa's historical survey of education in Clay County, \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eThe Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia,\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e and other items related to the book's production are featured, including some digital material – all in Series 1 Subseries 4. Additionally, there is genealogical research material that explores her life and her family's lineage through material like descendant charts, biographical sketches, and old family photographs – all in Series 1 Subseries 5 and the collection's addendum of 2025.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes Walker Testa's personal and professional papers retained throughout her life. It includes material from her education at Glenville State Teachers College, Marshall College and West Viriginia University, documentation of her military service in the US Women's Army Corps, items from her 30+ years of service as a teacher in Clay and Kanawha County schools, material related to the research, writing, and publication of her book on the history of education in Clay County, and an assortment of genealogical research material compiled by and about Walker Testa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes materials related to Walker's education in Clay County schools and her secondary education to become a teacher. She earned her teaching certificate from Glenville State Teachers College in 1934, her bachelor's degree at Marshall College in 1940 and her master's degree at West Virginia University in 1942. Includes academic textbooks, photographs of Walker with school friends and in graduation regalia, correspondence, and a copy of her master's thesis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe gathers at the shoulder of Walker's garment are suggestive of a graduation gown. May be her high school graduation photograph.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten, mailed, and stamped by Ottie Walker to her sister Garnie Walker, address \"Ivydale, Wva\" in October 1936. Includes a message about cost of boarding, cases of scarlet fever, and other things. Found hidden in between pages 322 and 323 of Walker's \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eElements of Geography\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e textbook.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Coulter is the son of Janie Stephenson Coulter, a teacher who has an entry in \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eThe Ringing of the Bells\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e.  A related email was printed and included. On the back of the photograph, John Coulter wrote, \"Garnie Walker, Glenville. Mom's Room Mate,\" however, a stamp of the developer indicates that the photo was made in Des Moines, Iowa. In late 1944, Walker did spend 9 weeks in Des Moines in WAC Training, but the location and date of the photo is uncertain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo same-day images on hilltop near Glenville, WV, 1930s. One is of Walker standing by herself. The second is her sitting with Janie Stephenson; behind them are Jim Curry (left) and French DeBoard (rt). A related email was printed and included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePossible locations are Glenville State Teachers College, Marshall College, and even WVU in Morgantown. 1930s or early 1940s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEstimate for the date and context of this photograph is Walker's 1940 graduation from Marshall College when she received her B.A. degree in Education.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker's graduation announcement of the 1940 Marshall College commencement ceremony; her name appears on the last page.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten, stamped, and mailed from Walker to her sister Josephine (\"Mrs. Josephine Hickman\") in Charleston, WV. Likely sent while Walker was in Huntington at Marshall College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eA History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e. Garnie Wilma Walker, A.B. 1942 Morgantown, West Virginia. Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts to the Faculty of the Graduate School of West Virginia University. This is Walker's personal copy of her thesis. The Chairman of her examining committee was Dr. H. G. Wheat of the College of Education, WVU. His signature appears at the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMarshall College Student Government yearbook, 1940. Walker's name is printed in the front of the book. She completed her Bachelor of Arts degree in the Teachers College of Marshall College in June 1940. Her photograph as a senior student is included on page 48.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker's name is printed in ink in front of book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker's hand-printed name appears in ink in front of this Pulitzer-Prize winning novel. Glasgow \"portrayed the changing world of the contemporary South in a realistic manner\" (including the topic of racism).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie W. Walker Ivydale, W. Va.\" appears in penciled cursive writing in front of book. Within text are penciled underlining and notes in Walker's hand and someone else's, perhaps her sister Ottie's. There are 9 folded maps in an attached envelope at the back of the book. Also there are seven folded papers that are tests and/or study questions related to the book. Much of the handwriting on these is Garnie Walker's. There may be a second person's writing; possibly Ottie Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Miss Garnie Walker\" appears in ink in front of book, but the previous owner(s) has written many notes in pencil in front and elsewhere. Notes at back of book are in Walker's hand, and somewhere she wrote \"Test\" at the beginning of a section.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker's name appears in ink, cursive writing in front of book. Her penciled notes and underlining are evident. This book likely influenced her Masters work where she identified, researched and followed through with a \"Problem\" for a written thesis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker's name appears in ink, cursive writing in front of book. She may have acquired this book around 1936 while at Glenville State College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker's printed, inked name appears in front of book. She may have used this book in part, along with the Methodology one, during the summer of 1942 to guide her thesis work/writing/formatting. Her handwritten notes appear on several pages.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie W. Testa\" is hand-printed in red pencil in front of book. She married Carmelo Testa in 1949 but this is a textbook likely acquired in Morgantown during her WVU Master's Degree work, so it is unclear when she wrote her name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie W. Walker\" appears, hand-printed in ink, in the front of this textbook. Previously owned. Penciled underlining evident.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarnie Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book. Below it is another name, presumably a previous owner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarnie Walker's name is in inked cursive writing in front of book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie W. Walker\" appears in ink in front of book. The book relates to secondary-school instruction. Walker received her Secondary Teaching Certificate from Marshall College in 1943.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie Wilma Walker Ivydale, W. Va.\" is printed in ink by Walker's hand in front of book. There was at least one previous owner/user, so more than one person has made notations throughout, but Walker's handwritten penciled notes are recognizably distinctive.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOttie Walker's penciled cursive signature is written in front of book. Garnie Walker used and cited this updated history volume in her 1942 WVU M.A. thesis.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie W. Walker\" is hand-printed in ink in front of book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarnie Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book. Others appear in cursive by different hands, as does a penciled price of $2.29. While not directly related to Walker's course of study, she may have used this plant book for reference.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie Walker Ivydale, Clay Co. W. Va.\" written in cursive ink in front of book. She likely used this book as a text during the 1939-1940 school year at Marshall College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarnie Walker's name is in penciled cursive writing in front of book. Penciled notes and underlining are present through the book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarnie Walker's inked, printed name appears in the front of this book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie Wilma Walker\" and \"Garnie Walker\" names appear in front of book. As do \"Ottie Walker,\" and \"Mary Brannon\" (possibly a cousin on maternal side of family). And \"Nay S. Hathaway June 14, 1935 Glenville College.\" Mr. Hathaway was a teacher at Laurel Ridge School. Other names of owners/users appear. Walker was at Glenville State Teachers College in the summers of 1933 -1937.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes materials related to Garnie Walker's military service. She enlisted in the US Women's Army Corps in 1944. There are several photographs of Walker in military uniform, of her and friends in the service, and of Carmelo Testa, whom she married in 1949. There are several guides that would have been issued to Walker while in the service and several commemorative books written after the war ended, including an excerpt written by Garnie Walker Testa for a publication highlighting Clay County WWII veterans. These materials also document Garnie Walker and Carmelo Testa's travels with the military, including postcards and photographs from around Europe. A large assortment of travel guides, language learning books, and other books about the history and culture of countries in continental Europe, the British Isles, Scandinavia, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker wrote her name in front of book - \"Garnie Walker\" and there is a stamp: \"….......'s Bookstore - The Pentagon - Washington 25 D. C.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdited volume featuring a memoir by Walker Testa\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdited volume featuring an essay by Walker\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn page III, a statement reads that the book is published \"by order of the Secretary of War: Official: Dwight D. Eisenhower, Chief of Staff and Edward F. Witsell, Major General The Adjutant General,\" and Garnie Walker wrote in pencil next to Witsell's name: \"My Boss for 6 months. Left this office to go to Germany June 1946.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker's name is printed on the front cover along with her number A513026. These are also stamped in bold black ink on the front cover, inside on front page, and again in the back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eElmendorf is likely where Carmelo Testa, Walker's husband, was stationed throughout the 1950s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo related booklets\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotograph is in a decorative \"USA\" frame with flag motifs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the following photographs, many of which have handwritten captions:  Garnie W. Walker in uniform including cap. \"About 1946.\" (shoulder patch signifies Military District - Washington.); Photographs of Garnie W. Walker in uniform 1947 (2 8x10s (1 b/w, 1 colorized); 1 5x6); Photograph of Carmelo Testa in uniform, sitting in a dog sled with dogs on snow-covered ground in front of a building (likely taken in Alaska, where he was station at this time);  Six photographs of scenes that may be in Alaska, presumably taken by Carmelo Testa; Photograph of 7th Historical Unit - Headquarters USAFE, Wiesbaden Germany July 1947 (Eight individuals all named on back of photo in Walker's handwriting. Taken on steps to a building); A photograph showing Garnie Walker with her brother in law Judson Hickman in a Naval uniform.; Photograph of Garnie and her sister Josephine E. Walker; Photograph of Walker's visit to a German farm; Photograph of Walker in a uniform overcoat and cap; Photograph captioned by Walker showing American soldiers at wreckage of Hitler's bombed retreat; Photograph captioned by Walker as \"Eagle's Nest - Hitler's Retreat - Berchtesgaden.\"; 4 photographs of Walker in uniform in Austria, Denmark, and Norway; Photograph of Walker and friends at a dinner party at the Rocker Club, Wiesbaden, Germany, 5 February, 1948; Photograph of Walker and friends in front of an airplane, Wiesbaden Airfield. 1948; Photograph of Walker and friends under wing of same airplane, Wiesbaden Airfield; Photograph of a 3-story building in Frankfurt, Germany, August 1948; Photograph of same 3-story building in Frankfurt; Photograph of a funeral for a WAC 1948; Photograph of Walker sitting in a chair in Copenhagen; Photographs of Walker and friends in uniform taken at Wespertal Lodge, Germany, 1948?; Photograph of Garnie W. Walker in uniform with cap;  Wedding photographs of Garnie Walker Testa and new husband Carmelo F. Testa. April 29, 1949; Photograph of the Egyptian Sphinx with pyramid in background (After missions in North Africa and Italy, ca. 1942-1943, Carmelo Testa visited Alexandria and Cairo, Egypt.); Photograph of Carmelo F. Testa in Panama - Canal Zone, circa 1938; Portrait photographs of Carmelo Francisco Testa in uniform, 1948, Air Force First Intelligence Service.; Printed photographs of framed panoramic photograph of Thirty Third Infantry - Panama Canal Zone 1938\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the following items: Postcard of Hotel Maison Rouge where Walker stayed in Strasbourg, France November 19-21, 1948 (In Walker's handwriting. It is not addressed to anyone. It may have been included in an envelope perhaps with a letter.); Postcard of the Eiffel Tower from \"Carmelo and Garnie.\" 1949 (In Walker's handwriting, stamped addressed to her mother home on the farm. \"Mrs. Albert S. Walker, Ivydale, West Virginia U. S. A.\" GW and Carmelo Testa were on their honeymoon in Paris, May 1949.); Postcard showing the Hotel de Ville, a bridge over the Seine with a boat. 1949 (From Walker, stamped and addressed to \"Mrs. Gene Hamrick\" Clay WV. This was Wallker's sister, Justena Walker Hamrick.); 2 postcards from Pvt. Garnie W. Walker in Iowa where she was in training at Fort Des Moines (one sent to sister Josephine and one sent to brother Leonard); 2 postcards from Pfc. Garnie W. Walker at Fort Myer, VA (both sent to Josephine)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a series of letters, but one seems to be missing, per a note from the donor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes an assortment of 110 guidebooks, pamphlets, language learning books, history and culture books, and more for regions across continental Europe, the British Isles, Scandinavia, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLikely belonged to Carmelo Testa\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo copies\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker visited Nurnberg to view the trials, this may the record of the one she attended.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCarmelo Testa is likely in this photograph.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes items from Walker Testa's decades of service as an educator in Clay County public schools. There are photographs of Walker Testa and her students, photocopied excerpts of yearbooks, and certificates and letters of appreciation. There is also an assortment of books that Walker Testa used in her classroom.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker taught at Laurel Ridge School in the 1936-1937 school year. Her handwriting appears on the backside: \"Laurel Ridge School Garnie Walker Teacher.\" A dated stamp from Glenville WV also is exhibited. Notes have been added to this copy in pencil by Karen Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese are sitting portrait-style photographs that were taken of Walker Testa as a member of the faculty at Clay County High School where she taught 1943-1944 and 1958-1975. Only one is dated - 1967 - but all the others also could be dated if the school yearbooks were consulted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker Testa served as the faculty advisor for the yearbook (known as the \"Tiskelwah\") in 1967\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are a letter signed by 16 members of the 1975 Tiskelwah Staff; a letter from Gov. Arch Moore (1975); a letter from A. J. Manchin, Sec. of State (1983), and more\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReferences Walker Testa's work as a teacher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Tiskelwah\" is the name of the Clay County High School yearbook\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnglish composition for 7th and 8th grades. \"Garnie Walker\" appears in ink in front of book and lightly penciled, relevant marks, etc. in Walker's handwriting on multiple pages. She likely used this book, 1934-1939 while teaching in several one-room rural schools and/or at Swandale, 1941-1943.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSecond book has \"Testa\" in blue pencil in front of book and only a few pencil markings within the text. \"Garnie Walker\" appears in the other 3 books; all 3 exhibit much handwriting by Walker throughout. The seventh-year book exhibits a stamp in the front recording the place of purchase: Murphy \u0026amp; Company Department Store Since 1902, Clay, W. Va. Walker taught grades 6, 7, and 8 at Swandale School, where she also served as Principal. (The eighth-year book exhibits, in the back, the name Leonard Walker, Garnie Walker's youngest brother who attended Laurel Ridge School, 1-8 grades.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral pages have been torn from the front of the book, including the title page. Penciled underlining and notes, the latter in Walker's handwriting appear here and there, especially on page 17 and back of book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere was at least one previous owner of book whose name appears in front. Also includes the purchase price of $0.73. In the back, many names are written by someone other than Walker. Many penciled markings appear throughout - some are recognizably Walker's (small, tight cursive script.) She likely used this book, 1934-1939 in one-rooms and/or at Swandale, 1941-1943. See timeline.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"This is a music book for one-room schools…\" Garnie Walker's name is printed in ink in the front of this book. On the back of the first page is a list of music terms written by her hand. On title page, upper right, appears the initials LOW. Walker taught her younger brothers. Leon and Leonard, the latter having the initials LOW. She likely used this book, 1934-1939. Relevant notations in pencil are by her hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarnie Walker's name is penciled in front of book, cursive writing. There are also penciled notes through the text in her hand. Based on a few of these (indicating what will be tested), Walker possibly also used this book as a student.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarnie Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book. Likely used during 1934-1939 and/or 1941-1943.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis is a science reader for intermediate grades. Ottie Walker's signature appears in ink in front of this book. Ottie was one of Garnie Walker's sisters. Ottie also taught in Clay County's one-room schools during the 1930s and later in Kanawha County as Ottie Walker Callison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarnie Walker's name in cursive writing is inked in front of book. Also, a \"Murphy \u0026amp; Company Department Store Clay W. Va.\" stamp. Given the age of this book, Walker may well have used it well before she taught Health during her first year (1943-1944) teaching at Clay County High School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClay County supporters/businesses listed in back.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCamp songs, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker Testa was an active 4-H faculty advisor/organizer during her years teaching at Clay County High School.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker Testa was an active member of this international, honorary educational society. Alpha Phi is the West Virginia state organization within the Society. She was first a member of the Nu Chapter (she is mentioned on page 105) and then with the Alpha Alpha Chapter (pages 134-135). On page 134 she is mentioned twice and said to be the chapter's recording secretary; on page 135 she appears in the photograph with other Clay County teachers who have auto/biographical entries in the \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eThe Ringing of the Bells\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMultiple listings of Garnie W. Testa. She was President of the Chapter (see page 19).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePage 44 - Alpha Alpha Chapter listing includes Garnie W. Testa.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome of these exhibit Garnie Walker's handwriting and some have handwritten dates noted on them, perhaps indicating a year when the plays were performed. One is as recent as 1975, the year of Walker's retirement. According to Walker's daughter Rosalia, she loved incorporating plays into her teaching through the years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes materials related to the development and production of \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eThe Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e. This book is an expansion of Walker Testa's master's thesis, but most of the expanded research and writing was done in the 1970s and early 1980s. From the 2010s to 2020, Karen J. Walker worked with the Clay County Historical Society to edit, publish, and distribute the book. A small portion of Walker Testa's original research material, like maps and an unfinished manuscript copy of the book are included. Related items are included in digital format, like teacher biographies and supporting photographs. There are also items created during the process of editing, printing, and publicizing the book -- both paper and digital. Lastly, there is a completed, bound copy of the book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a copy of a 1889 document that was researched for \u003ctitle\u003e\u003cpart\u003eThe Ringing of the Bells\u003c/part\u003e\u003c/title\u003e but ultimately not used, titled \"Specifications for S House in Pleasant District Clay County West Va.\" The date the photocopy was created is unknown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis copy was manually typewritten by Garnie Walker Testa. It is stored across 5 manila folders in box 6.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThese envelopes feature handwritten notes from Garnie Walker Testa, Karen Walker, and/or others involved in the book\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis image was used in the book.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the following maps and related correspondence: Outline Map With County Seats State of West Virginia by WV Dept of Highways, undated; map of Clay County Primary and Secondary Highways created by the State Road Commission of West Virginia, 1971 reprint of 1933 edition map; General Highway Map - Clay County - West Virginia by WV Department of Highways, 1976; ordering information for Department of Highways maps and two 8 1/2 x 11 in. maps of the Outline Map with County Seats\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes digital copies of information used by Karen Walker to facilitate the production and distribution of the book, which took place around 2014-2020. Digital folder titles are as follows: \"1989 Letters \u0026amp; Permission Form,\" \"Book Printing - Sheridan,\" \"Chapter 11 map images,\" \"Chapter 11 School Photos,\" \"Chapter 17 Clay County Teachers,\" \"Editor,\" \"Flyers and Order Form,\" \"Hist of Clay Co Education FINAL book image 5-14-2020,\" \"Hist of Clay Co Education FINAL Testa book 4-21-2020,\" \"Maps 1, 2, 3,\" and \"Misc. Correspondence\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes an assortment of genealogical research about the Walker family. Descendant lists, biographical sketches, photographs, obituaries, and more are included – some of which were compiled by Walker Testa and others compiled after her death in 1999. There is also a collection of books owned by her father, Albert Seth Walker, in the late 19th- and early 20th-centuries and an 1881 bible that has been passed down through the family. Albert Seth Walker likely attended Little Laurel School and later a Normal school in Clay County. He attained a Teaching Certificate and later became a minister. Most of the academic and religious books in this series belonged to him unless otherwise noted. His name and sometimes \"Ivydale, Clay Co\" appears in the covers of these books.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProvided by Neva Pearl Shiflett Adams. Adams achieved the breakthrough finding of Walker connections to colonial New Hampshire and Massachusetts and then back to England. After the death of Solomon Walker in NH, his wife Leah Boyden Walker and their son, Solon Walker moved south into West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProvided by Neva Pearl Shiflett Adams. A. J. Walker was Garnie Walker's paternal grandfather. A. J. Walker and his family are the source of the Walker Road community name, located off of Laurel Ridge Road. As of 2022, Walker Road is known as Dark Hollow Road.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWalker and others did not have the advantage of the internet or DNA analyses when completing this work. For a long time, it was thought that the WV Walker family was connected to the 1775 Joel Walker (m. Jane Cavendish) line. This has been corrected in recent years.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1980s, Garnie Walker Testa researched her family tree as best she could, with the occasional help of others, including her youngest brother, Leonard O. Walker. The connection made between Joel Walker/Jane Cavendish is an error.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes the following photos: Image of Albert Seth Walker and Ollie Dove Brannon Walker with their first three children: Garnie Wilma (first born), Ottie Irene, and Josephine Etta (third born); 1919 [Studio] Image of the oldest three Walker sisters: Garnie Wilma, Ottie Irene, and Josephine Etta;  1920s image of Garnie, Ottie, and Josephine standing in front of a fence; 1920s image of Garnie, Ottie, and Josephine sitting on back of saddled farm horse; 1924 image of Garnie (and likely also Ottie) Walker in a school group taken against an exterior wall of Laurel Ridge School near Ivydale, WV; Image from Clay County Free Press of Garnie Walker and 2 high school friends, taken in 1933; A photograph of a group of people at a table; and a photograph of a group of people outdoors\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs feature Garnie Walker Testa's farm, taken by Karen J. Walker. 1: Open gate, Barn on right. Camera is facing north/NE. On the hilltop in center of photo, under the trees, is the old Lyons cemetery, identified on maps as the Cherrytree Cemetery. The visible farm road leads up and on around to the right toward the other trees. In this area is the \"new\" Walker Cemetery where Albert and Ollie Walker and are buried. And in 1999, where Garnie Walker Testa was also buried, alongside Carmelo. 2: Lower portion of the same barn seen in previous photo. 3: Mountaintop farm view with a fence, pasture, and one of Garnie's cows. (Cherrytree Cemetery is named for Cherrytree Run/Fork which is beyond view and runs into Rush Fork). 4: Another view of the barn with outbuildings on the left and the house to the right near the evergreen trees. Color images were taken in 1982 by Bruce C. Walker, which feature the old farm, located below Garnie Walker Testa's ridgetop home (still within the 221 acres). It is down at the head of Laurel Run which flows into the Big Otter and on to the Elk River. There were other outbuildings not shown in these photos. K. J. Walker, her brothers and cousins, including Garnie's daughter Rosalia, are currently working to document this older farm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOriginally owned by Albert Seth Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie Walker\" in cursive pencil appears in front of book along with the cursive penciled names of 3 of Garnie's 6 siblings (all younger than her): Ottie, Josephine, and Leon. On page viii another sister's name, Justena, appears. Frye states (Preface) that the book is meant for 4th through 6th grades.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie Walker\" in cursive ink appears in front of book. She graduated (8th grade) in May of 1930, so likely her siblings used this book. Genevieve Walker's name appears here and there along with a first cousin, Maxine Walker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA book in \"The Story Series in Health.\" In the front, Garnie Walker's name appears in a penciled, child's cursive handwriting, as does her sister's and a date \"Miss Genevieve Pearl Walker September 1936.\" Also, four blue-ink stamps of \"Murphy \u0026amp; Company Department Store Since 1902 - Clay, W.Va.\" Walker was in 4th grade at Laurel Ridge School in 1924 (see photo image) and used this book when it was new. When Genevieve used it in her 4th grade, in 1936-1937, Garnie was her teacher. This book was published just a few years after the 1918-1920 flu pandemic. From the Preface: \"This book is offered as a contribution to the newer health teaching now being inaugurated in our schools.\" Directed at fourth and fifth grades. Garnie's (and her siblings') paternal grandmother, Almira Jane (Hanshaw) Walker, died of the flu on March 8, 1920.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGarnie Walker's name in cursive writing is inked in front of book. Given the age of this book and that it was meant for high-school students, GW likely used it as a student at Clay County High School. It is also likely that when she herself taught Health during her first year (1943-1944) teaching at CCHS that she used this textbook again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Garnie Walker Ivydale, W. Va.\" appears in ink, hand-printed in her hand, in front of book. Walker attended Clay County High School 1930-1933 graduating as Valedictorian of her Class of 1933.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn page 14 is a recipe submitted by Garnie W. Testa - \"Biscuits Supreme.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum includes additional genealogical research compiled by Karen Jo Walker. This research is primarily focused on 19th-century Walker relatives Solomon Walker, his sons Solon and Joel Walker, and their families. Items like maps, land deeds, obituaries, newspaper clippings, and photographs that feature these individuals are included. K. J. Walker has also provided biographical sketches and extensive notes to better contextualize her research findings.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes the papers of Garnie Wilma Walker Testa (1914-1999) and genealogical research about the Walker-Testa family. The papers include material retained from her high school, college, and graduate school years, like graduation photographs and academic texts – all in Series 1 Subseries 1. The collection also includes documentation of her military service in the Army during World War II, featuring items like field guides for military procedures, photographs of herself and peers in uniform, and travel books acquired while serving internationally – all in Series 1 Subseries 2. There are materials from Walker Testa's time as a teacher in Kanawha and Clay Counties, West Virginia, like certificates commemorating her work and books used in the classroom – all in Series 1 Subseries 3. A copy of Walker Testa's historical survey of education in Clay County,  The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia,  and other items related to the book's production are featured, including some digital material – all in Series 1 Subseries 4. Additionally, there is genealogical research material that explores her life and her family's lineage through material like descendant charts, biographical sketches, and old family photographs – all in Series 1 Subseries 5 and the collection's addendum of 2025.","This series includes Walker Testa's personal and professional papers retained throughout her life. It includes material from her education at Glenville State Teachers College, Marshall College and West Viriginia University, documentation of her military service in the US Women's Army Corps, items from her 30+ years of service as a teacher in Clay and Kanawha County schools, material related to the research, writing, and publication of her book on the history of education in Clay County, and an assortment of genealogical research material compiled by and about Walker Testa.","This subseries includes materials related to Walker's education in Clay County schools and her secondary education to become a teacher. She earned her teaching certificate from Glenville State Teachers College in 1934, her bachelor's degree at Marshall College in 1940 and her master's degree at West Virginia University in 1942. Includes academic textbooks, photographs of Walker with school friends and in graduation regalia, correspondence, and a copy of her master's thesis.","The gathers at the shoulder of Walker's garment are suggestive of a graduation gown. May be her high school graduation photograph.","Written, mailed, and stamped by Ottie Walker to her sister Garnie Walker, address \"Ivydale, Wva\" in October 1936. Includes a message about cost of boarding, cases of scarlet fever, and other things. Found hidden in between pages 322 and 323 of Walker's  Elements of Geography  textbook.","John Coulter is the son of Janie Stephenson Coulter, a teacher who has an entry in  The Ringing of the Bells .  A related email was printed and included. On the back of the photograph, John Coulter wrote, \"Garnie Walker, Glenville. Mom's Room Mate,\" however, a stamp of the developer indicates that the photo was made in Des Moines, Iowa. In late 1944, Walker did spend 9 weeks in Des Moines in WAC Training, but the location and date of the photo is uncertain.","Two same-day images on hilltop near Glenville, WV, 1930s. One is of Walker standing by herself. The second is her sitting with Janie Stephenson; behind them are Jim Curry (left) and French DeBoard (rt). A related email was printed and included.","Possible locations are Glenville State Teachers College, Marshall College, and even WVU in Morgantown. 1930s or early 1940s.","Estimate for the date and context of this photograph is Walker's 1940 graduation from Marshall College when she received her B.A. degree in Education.","Walker's graduation announcement of the 1940 Marshall College commencement ceremony; her name appears on the last page.","Written, stamped, and mailed from Walker to her sister Josephine (\"Mrs. Josephine Hickman\") in Charleston, WV. Likely sent while Walker was in Huntington at Marshall College.","A History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia . Garnie Wilma Walker, A.B. 1942 Morgantown, West Virginia. Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts to the Faculty of the Graduate School of West Virginia University. This is Walker's personal copy of her thesis. The Chairman of her examining committee was Dr. H. G. Wheat of the College of Education, WVU. His signature appears at the back.","Marshall College Student Government yearbook, 1940. Walker's name is printed in the front of the book. She completed her Bachelor of Arts degree in the Teachers College of Marshall College in June 1940. Her photograph as a senior student is included on page 48.","Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book.","Walker's hand-printed name appears in ink in front of this Pulitzer-Prize winning novel. Glasgow \"portrayed the changing world of the contemporary South in a realistic manner\" (including the topic of racism).","\"Garnie W. Walker Ivydale, W. Va.\" appears in penciled cursive writing in front of book. Within text are penciled underlining and notes in Walker's hand and someone else's, perhaps her sister Ottie's. There are 9 folded maps in an attached envelope at the back of the book. Also there are seven folded papers that are tests and/or study questions related to the book. Much of the handwriting on these is Garnie Walker's. There may be a second person's writing; possibly Ottie Walker.","\"Miss Garnie Walker\" appears in ink in front of book, but the previous owner(s) has written many notes in pencil in front and elsewhere. Notes at back of book are in Walker's hand, and somewhere she wrote \"Test\" at the beginning of a section.","Walker's name appears in ink, cursive writing in front of book. Her penciled notes and underlining are evident. This book likely influenced her Masters work where she identified, researched and followed through with a \"Problem\" for a written thesis.","Walker's name appears in ink, cursive writing in front of book. She may have acquired this book around 1936 while at Glenville State College.","Walker's printed, inked name appears in front of book. She may have used this book in part, along with the Methodology one, during the summer of 1942 to guide her thesis work/writing/formatting. Her handwritten notes appear on several pages.","\"Garnie W. Testa\" is hand-printed in red pencil in front of book. She married Carmelo Testa in 1949 but this is a textbook likely acquired in Morgantown during her WVU Master's Degree work, so it is unclear when she wrote her name.","\"Garnie W. Walker\" appears, hand-printed in ink, in the front of this textbook. Previously owned. Penciled underlining evident.","Garnie Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book. Below it is another name, presumably a previous owner.","Garnie Walker's name is in inked cursive writing in front of book.","\"Garnie W. Walker\" appears in ink in front of book. The book relates to secondary-school instruction. Walker received her Secondary Teaching Certificate from Marshall College in 1943.","\"Garnie Wilma Walker Ivydale, W. Va.\" is printed in ink by Walker's hand in front of book. There was at least one previous owner/user, so more than one person has made notations throughout, but Walker's handwritten penciled notes are recognizably distinctive.","Ottie Walker's penciled cursive signature is written in front of book. Garnie Walker used and cited this updated history volume in her 1942 WVU M.A. thesis.","\"Garnie W. Walker\" is hand-printed in ink in front of book.","Garnie Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book. Others appear in cursive by different hands, as does a penciled price of $2.29. While not directly related to Walker's course of study, she may have used this plant book for reference.","\"Garnie Walker Ivydale, Clay Co. W. Va.\" written in cursive ink in front of book. She likely used this book as a text during the 1939-1940 school year at Marshall College.","Garnie Walker's name is in penciled cursive writing in front of book. Penciled notes and underlining are present through the book.","Garnie Walker's inked, printed name appears in the front of this book.","\"Garnie Wilma Walker\" and \"Garnie Walker\" names appear in front of book. As do \"Ottie Walker,\" and \"Mary Brannon\" (possibly a cousin on maternal side of family). And \"Nay S. Hathaway June 14, 1935 Glenville College.\" Mr. Hathaway was a teacher at Laurel Ridge School. Other names of owners/users appear. Walker was at Glenville State Teachers College in the summers of 1933 -1937.","This subseries includes materials related to Garnie Walker's military service. She enlisted in the US Women's Army Corps in 1944. There are several photographs of Walker in military uniform, of her and friends in the service, and of Carmelo Testa, whom she married in 1949. There are several guides that would have been issued to Walker while in the service and several commemorative books written after the war ended, including an excerpt written by Garnie Walker Testa for a publication highlighting Clay County WWII veterans. These materials also document Garnie Walker and Carmelo Testa's travels with the military, including postcards and photographs from around Europe. A large assortment of travel guides, language learning books, and other books about the history and culture of countries in continental Europe, the British Isles, Scandinavia, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia are also included.","Walker wrote her name in front of book - \"Garnie Walker\" and there is a stamp: \"….......'s Bookstore - The Pentagon - Washington 25 D. C.\"","Edited volume featuring a memoir by Walker Testa","Edited volume featuring an essay by Walker","On page III, a statement reads that the book is published \"by order of the Secretary of War: Official: Dwight D. Eisenhower, Chief of Staff and Edward F. Witsell, Major General The Adjutant General,\" and Garnie Walker wrote in pencil next to Witsell's name: \"My Boss for 6 months. Left this office to go to Germany June 1946.\"","Walker's name is printed on the front cover along with her number A513026. These are also stamped in bold black ink on the front cover, inside on front page, and again in the back.","Elmendorf is likely where Carmelo Testa, Walker's husband, was stationed throughout the 1950s.","Two related booklets","Photograph is in a decorative \"USA\" frame with flag motifs","Includes the following photographs, many of which have handwritten captions:  Garnie W. Walker in uniform including cap. \"About 1946.\" (shoulder patch signifies Military District - Washington.); Photographs of Garnie W. Walker in uniform 1947 (2 8x10s (1 b/w, 1 colorized); 1 5x6); Photograph of Carmelo Testa in uniform, sitting in a dog sled with dogs on snow-covered ground in front of a building (likely taken in Alaska, where he was station at this time);  Six photographs of scenes that may be in Alaska, presumably taken by Carmelo Testa; Photograph of 7th Historical Unit - Headquarters USAFE, Wiesbaden Germany July 1947 (Eight individuals all named on back of photo in Walker's handwriting. Taken on steps to a building); A photograph showing Garnie Walker with her brother in law Judson Hickman in a Naval uniform.; Photograph of Garnie and her sister Josephine E. Walker; Photograph of Walker's visit to a German farm; Photograph of Walker in a uniform overcoat and cap; Photograph captioned by Walker showing American soldiers at wreckage of Hitler's bombed retreat; Photograph captioned by Walker as \"Eagle's Nest - Hitler's Retreat - Berchtesgaden.\"; 4 photographs of Walker in uniform in Austria, Denmark, and Norway; Photograph of Walker and friends at a dinner party at the Rocker Club, Wiesbaden, Germany, 5 February, 1948; Photograph of Walker and friends in front of an airplane, Wiesbaden Airfield. 1948; Photograph of Walker and friends under wing of same airplane, Wiesbaden Airfield; Photograph of a 3-story building in Frankfurt, Germany, August 1948; Photograph of same 3-story building in Frankfurt; Photograph of a funeral for a WAC 1948; Photograph of Walker sitting in a chair in Copenhagen; Photographs of Walker and friends in uniform taken at Wespertal Lodge, Germany, 1948?; Photograph of Garnie W. Walker in uniform with cap;  Wedding photographs of Garnie Walker Testa and new husband Carmelo F. Testa. April 29, 1949; Photograph of the Egyptian Sphinx with pyramid in background (After missions in North Africa and Italy, ca. 1942-1943, Carmelo Testa visited Alexandria and Cairo, Egypt.); Photograph of Carmelo F. Testa in Panama - Canal Zone, circa 1938; Portrait photographs of Carmelo Francisco Testa in uniform, 1948, Air Force First Intelligence Service.; Printed photographs of framed panoramic photograph of Thirty Third Infantry - Panama Canal Zone 1938","Includes the following items: Postcard of Hotel Maison Rouge where Walker stayed in Strasbourg, France November 19-21, 1948 (In Walker's handwriting. It is not addressed to anyone. It may have been included in an envelope perhaps with a letter.); Postcard of the Eiffel Tower from \"Carmelo and Garnie.\" 1949 (In Walker's handwriting, stamped addressed to her mother home on the farm. \"Mrs. Albert S. Walker, Ivydale, West Virginia U. S. A.\" GW and Carmelo Testa were on their honeymoon in Paris, May 1949.); Postcard showing the Hotel de Ville, a bridge over the Seine with a boat. 1949 (From Walker, stamped and addressed to \"Mrs. Gene Hamrick\" Clay WV. This was Wallker's sister, Justena Walker Hamrick.); 2 postcards from Pvt. Garnie W. Walker in Iowa where she was in training at Fort Des Moines (one sent to sister Josephine and one sent to brother Leonard); 2 postcards from Pfc. Garnie W. Walker at Fort Myer, VA (both sent to Josephine)","Includes a series of letters, but one seems to be missing, per a note from the donor.","Includes an assortment of 110 guidebooks, pamphlets, language learning books, history and culture books, and more for regions across continental Europe, the British Isles, Scandinavia, Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.","Likely belonged to Carmelo Testa","Two copies","Walker visited Nurnberg to view the trials, this may the record of the one she attended.","Carmelo Testa is likely in this photograph.","This subseries includes items from Walker Testa's decades of service as an educator in Clay County public schools. There are photographs of Walker Testa and her students, photocopied excerpts of yearbooks, and certificates and letters of appreciation. There is also an assortment of books that Walker Testa used in her classroom.","Walker taught at Laurel Ridge School in the 1936-1937 school year. Her handwriting appears on the backside: \"Laurel Ridge School Garnie Walker Teacher.\" A dated stamp from Glenville WV also is exhibited. Notes have been added to this copy in pencil by Karen Walker.","These are sitting portrait-style photographs that were taken of Walker Testa as a member of the faculty at Clay County High School where she taught 1943-1944 and 1958-1975. Only one is dated - 1967 - but all the others also could be dated if the school yearbooks were consulted.","Walker Testa served as the faculty advisor for the yearbook (known as the \"Tiskelwah\") in 1967","Included are a letter signed by 16 members of the 1975 Tiskelwah Staff; a letter from Gov. Arch Moore (1975); a letter from A. J. Manchin, Sec. of State (1983), and more","References Walker Testa's work as a teacher","\"Tiskelwah\" is the name of the Clay County High School yearbook","English composition for 7th and 8th grades. \"Garnie Walker\" appears in ink in front of book and lightly penciled, relevant marks, etc. in Walker's handwriting on multiple pages. She likely used this book, 1934-1939 while teaching in several one-room rural schools and/or at Swandale, 1941-1943.","Second book has \"Testa\" in blue pencil in front of book and only a few pencil markings within the text. \"Garnie Walker\" appears in the other 3 books; all 3 exhibit much handwriting by Walker throughout. The seventh-year book exhibits a stamp in the front recording the place of purchase: Murphy \u0026 Company Department Store Since 1902, Clay, W. Va. Walker taught grades 6, 7, and 8 at Swandale School, where she also served as Principal. (The eighth-year book exhibits, in the back, the name Leonard Walker, Garnie Walker's youngest brother who attended Laurel Ridge School, 1-8 grades.)","Several pages have been torn from the front of the book, including the title page. Penciled underlining and notes, the latter in Walker's handwriting appear here and there, especially on page 17 and back of book.","There was at least one previous owner of book whose name appears in front. Also includes the purchase price of $0.73. In the back, many names are written by someone other than Walker. Many penciled markings appear throughout - some are recognizably Walker's (small, tight cursive script.) She likely used this book, 1934-1939 in one-rooms and/or at Swandale, 1941-1943. See timeline.","\"This is a music book for one-room schools…\" Garnie Walker's name is printed in ink in the front of this book. On the back of the first page is a list of music terms written by her hand. On title page, upper right, appears the initials LOW. Walker taught her younger brothers. Leon and Leonard, the latter having the initials LOW. She likely used this book, 1934-1939. Relevant notations in pencil are by her hand.","Garnie Walker's name is penciled in front of book, cursive writing. There are also penciled notes through the text in her hand. Based on a few of these (indicating what will be tested), Walker possibly also used this book as a student.","Garnie Walker's name is printed in ink in front of book. Likely used during 1934-1939 and/or 1941-1943.","This is a science reader for intermediate grades. Ottie Walker's signature appears in ink in front of this book. Ottie was one of Garnie Walker's sisters. Ottie also taught in Clay County's one-room schools during the 1930s and later in Kanawha County as Ottie Walker Callison.","Garnie Walker's name in cursive writing is inked in front of book. Also, a \"Murphy \u0026 Company Department Store Clay W. Va.\" stamp. Given the age of this book, Walker may well have used it well before she taught Health during her first year (1943-1944) teaching at Clay County High School.","Clay County supporters/businesses listed in back.","Camp songs, etc.","Walker Testa was an active 4-H faculty advisor/organizer during her years teaching at Clay County High School.","Walker Testa was an active member of this international, honorary educational society. Alpha Phi is the West Virginia state organization within the Society. She was first a member of the Nu Chapter (she is mentioned on page 105) and then with the Alpha Alpha Chapter (pages 134-135). On page 134 she is mentioned twice and said to be the chapter's recording secretary; on page 135 she appears in the photograph with other Clay County teachers who have auto/biographical entries in the  The Ringing of the Bells  book.","Multiple listings of Garnie W. Testa. She was President of the Chapter (see page 19).","Page 44 - Alpha Alpha Chapter listing includes Garnie W. Testa.","Some of these exhibit Garnie Walker's handwriting and some have handwritten dates noted on them, perhaps indicating a year when the plays were performed. One is as recent as 1975, the year of Walker's retirement. According to Walker's daughter Rosalia, she loved incorporating plays into her teaching through the years.","This subseries includes materials related to the development and production of  The Ringing of the Bells: A Bicentennial History of Education in Clay County, West Virginia . This book is an expansion of Walker Testa's master's thesis, but most of the expanded research and writing was done in the 1970s and early 1980s. From the 2010s to 2020, Karen J. Walker worked with the Clay County Historical Society to edit, publish, and distribute the book. A small portion of Walker Testa's original research material, like maps and an unfinished manuscript copy of the book are included. Related items are included in digital format, like teacher biographies and supporting photographs. There are also items created during the process of editing, printing, and publicizing the book -- both paper and digital. Lastly, there is a completed, bound copy of the book.","Includes a copy of a 1889 document that was researched for  The Ringing of the Bells  but ultimately not used, titled \"Specifications for S House in Pleasant District Clay County West Va.\" The date the photocopy was created is unknown.","This copy was manually typewritten by Garnie Walker Testa. It is stored across 5 manila folders in box 6.","These envelopes feature handwritten notes from Garnie Walker Testa, Karen Walker, and/or others involved in the book","This image was used in the book.","Includes the following maps and related correspondence: Outline Map With County Seats State of West Virginia by WV Dept of Highways, undated; map of Clay County Primary and Secondary Highways created by the State Road Commission of West Virginia, 1971 reprint of 1933 edition map; General Highway Map - Clay County - West Virginia by WV Department of Highways, 1976; ordering information for Department of Highways maps and two 8 1/2 x 11 in. maps of the Outline Map with County Seats","Includes digital copies of information used by Karen Walker to facilitate the production and distribution of the book, which took place around 2014-2020. Digital folder titles are as follows: \"1989 Letters \u0026 Permission Form,\" \"Book Printing - Sheridan,\" \"Chapter 11 map images,\" \"Chapter 11 School Photos,\" \"Chapter 17 Clay County Teachers,\" \"Editor,\" \"Flyers and Order Form,\" \"Hist of Clay Co Education FINAL book image 5-14-2020,\" \"Hist of Clay Co Education FINAL Testa book 4-21-2020,\" \"Maps 1, 2, 3,\" and \"Misc. Correspondence\"","This subseries includes an assortment of genealogical research about the Walker family. Descendant lists, biographical sketches, photographs, obituaries, and more are included – some of which were compiled by Walker Testa and others compiled after her death in 1999. There is also a collection of books owned by her father, Albert Seth Walker, in the late 19th- and early 20th-centuries and an 1881 bible that has been passed down through the family. Albert Seth Walker likely attended Little Laurel School and later a Normal school in Clay County. He attained a Teaching Certificate and later became a minister. Most of the academic and religious books in this series belonged to him unless otherwise noted. His name and sometimes \"Ivydale, Clay Co\" appears in the covers of these books.","Provided by Neva Pearl Shiflett Adams. Adams achieved the breakthrough finding of Walker connections to colonial New Hampshire and Massachusetts and then back to England. After the death of Solomon Walker in NH, his wife Leah Boyden Walker and their son, Solon Walker moved south into West Virginia.","Provided by Neva Pearl Shiflett Adams. A. J. Walker was Garnie Walker's paternal grandfather. A. J. Walker and his family are the source of the Walker Road community name, located off of Laurel Ridge Road. As of 2022, Walker Road is known as Dark Hollow Road.","Walker and others did not have the advantage of the internet or DNA analyses when completing this work. For a long time, it was thought that the WV Walker family was connected to the 1775 Joel Walker (m. Jane Cavendish) line. This has been corrected in recent years.","During the 1980s, Garnie Walker Testa researched her family tree as best she could, with the occasional help of others, including her youngest brother, Leonard O. Walker. The connection made between Joel Walker/Jane Cavendish is an error.","Includes the following photos: Image of Albert Seth Walker and Ollie Dove Brannon Walker with their first three children: Garnie Wilma (first born), Ottie Irene, and Josephine Etta (third born); 1919 [Studio] Image of the oldest three Walker sisters: Garnie Wilma, Ottie Irene, and Josephine Etta;  1920s image of Garnie, Ottie, and Josephine standing in front of a fence; 1920s image of Garnie, Ottie, and Josephine sitting on back of saddled farm horse; 1924 image of Garnie (and likely also Ottie) Walker in a school group taken against an exterior wall of Laurel Ridge School near Ivydale, WV; Image from Clay County Free Press of Garnie Walker and 2 high school friends, taken in 1933; A photograph of a group of people at a table; and a photograph of a group of people outdoors","Photographs feature Garnie Walker Testa's farm, taken by Karen J. Walker. 1: Open gate, Barn on right. Camera is facing north/NE. On the hilltop in center of photo, under the trees, is the old Lyons cemetery, identified on maps as the Cherrytree Cemetery. The visible farm road leads up and on around to the right toward the other trees. In this area is the \"new\" Walker Cemetery where Albert and Ollie Walker and are buried. And in 1999, where Garnie Walker Testa was also buried, alongside Carmelo. 2: Lower portion of the same barn seen in previous photo. 3: Mountaintop farm view with a fence, pasture, and one of Garnie's cows. (Cherrytree Cemetery is named for Cherrytree Run/Fork which is beyond view and runs into Rush Fork). 4: Another view of the barn with outbuildings on the left and the house to the right near the evergreen trees. Color images were taken in 1982 by Bruce C. Walker, which feature the old farm, located below Garnie Walker Testa's ridgetop home (still within the 221 acres). It is down at the head of Laurel Run which flows into the Big Otter and on to the Elk River. There were other outbuildings not shown in these photos. K. J. Walker, her brothers and cousins, including Garnie's daughter Rosalia, are currently working to document this older farm.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","Originally owned by Albert Seth Walker.","\"Garnie Walker\" in cursive pencil appears in front of book along with the cursive penciled names of 3 of Garnie's 6 siblings (all younger than her): Ottie, Josephine, and Leon. On page viii another sister's name, Justena, appears. Frye states (Preface) that the book is meant for 4th through 6th grades.","\"Garnie Walker\" in cursive ink appears in front of book. She graduated (8th grade) in May of 1930, so likely her siblings used this book. Genevieve Walker's name appears here and there along with a first cousin, Maxine Walker.","A book in \"The Story Series in Health.\" In the front, Garnie Walker's name appears in a penciled, child's cursive handwriting, as does her sister's and a date \"Miss Genevieve Pearl Walker September 1936.\" Also, four blue-ink stamps of \"Murphy \u0026 Company Department Store Since 1902 - Clay, W.Va.\" Walker was in 4th grade at Laurel Ridge School in 1924 (see photo image) and used this book when it was new. When Genevieve used it in her 4th grade, in 1936-1937, Garnie was her teacher. This book was published just a few years after the 1918-1920 flu pandemic. From the Preface: \"This book is offered as a contribution to the newer health teaching now being inaugurated in our schools.\" Directed at fourth and fifth grades. Garnie's (and her siblings') paternal grandmother, Almira Jane (Hanshaw) Walker, died of the flu on March 8, 1920.","Garnie Walker's name in cursive writing is inked in front of book. Given the age of this book and that it was meant for high-school students, GW likely used it as a student at Clay County High School. It is also likely that when she herself taught Health during her first year (1943-1944) teaching at CCHS that she used this textbook again.","\"Garnie Walker Ivydale, W. Va.\" appears in ink, hand-printed in her hand, in front of book. Walker attended Clay County High School 1930-1933 graduating as Valedictorian of her Class of 1933.","On page 14 is a recipe submitted by Garnie W. Testa - \"Biscuits Supreme.\"","This addendum includes additional genealogical research compiled by Karen Jo Walker. This research is primarily focused on 19th-century Walker relatives Solomon Walker, his sons Solon and Joel Walker, and their families. Items like maps, land deeds, obituaries, newspaper clippings, and photographs that feature these individuals are included. K. J. Walker has also provided biographical sketches and extensive notes to better contextualize her research findings."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_d4744c9b984b8903e4124192193153cf\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999","Walker, Karen Jo"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Walker, Karen Jo","Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999"],"persname_ssim":["Testa, Garnie Walker, 1914-1999","Walker, Karen Jo"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":146,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:45:36.485Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_7073_c01_c04_c05"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Bramwell 100 Year Celebration","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026amp; Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88_c01","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88_c01"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88_c01","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Series 5. Writings","Recorded Songs, Most Written by William Archer and All Performed by Archer and Karl Miller, on Compact Discs"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Series 5. Writings","Recorded Songs, Most Written by William Archer and All Performed by Archer and Karl Miller, on Compact Discs"],"text":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Series 5. Writings","Recorded Songs, Most Written by William Archer and All Performed by Archer and Karl Miller, on Compact Discs","Bramwell 100 Year Celebration","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files."],"title_filing_ssi":"Bramwell 100 Year Celebration","title_ssm":["Bramwell 100 Year Celebration"],"title_tesim":["Bramwell 100 Year Celebration"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bramwell 100 Year Celebration"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":468,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[2020],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026amp; Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files."],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#87/components#0","timestamp":"2026-06-11T20:05:30.640Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6481.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/206572","title_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"title_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"unitdate_ssm":["1795-2020","ca. 1950-2010"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1950-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1795-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481"],"text":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481","William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Bluefield (W. Va.)","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County ","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County","Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","William \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. ","Although Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. ","Due to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: ","1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award","Archer authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.","Archer's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. ","After retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. ","William Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield.","This collection (A\u0026M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.","See also: \nA\u0026M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript \nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921) \nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses","Compare to: \nA\u0026M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript  \nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1 \nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)","West Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript: \nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes","The papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  ","The largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film,  A Beautiful Mind , about Nash's life and work.  ","Archer researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  ","Photographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for  The Bluefield Daily Telegraph . The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  ","And finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  ","Twelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  ","In addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  ","The collection consists of the following series:","Series 1. Keystone Bank \nSeries 2. John Nash  \nSeries 3. Subjects \nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media \nSeries 5. Writings ","The Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).","The John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography,  A Beautiful Mind  (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.","Digital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.","Series 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).","Music CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.","Includes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.","An Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","The collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.","The identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.","Oral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.","\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.","Two jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.","This series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from  Coal People Magazine ,  Goldenseal ,  Wonderful West Virginia , and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. ","\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   ","Two electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled  The Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas , a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.","Two electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","Manuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.","Compact discs include: \n Stu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers , 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n Bramwell 100 Year Celebration ; music and narration\n Coalfield Visions, 1990 ; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n Two for Pocahontas ; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n Gaining Momentum ; 7 songs\n project duo ; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n Merry, Merry Christmas ; 10 songs written by others\n Four for Bluefield ; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from  Project Duo , 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n Sounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2 , 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Glory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2 , 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Solid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow , 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n \nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.","Identifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics.","Items transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:","Wilderness  by Vance G. Martin","The Crozers of Upland  by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book","Legendary Local of McDowell County  by William Archer","The Bramwell Breeze  1911/1912","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"collection_ssim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Archer, William"],"creator_ssim":["Archer, William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Archer, William"],"creators_ssim":["Archer, William"],"places_ssim":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County ","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County ","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.75 Linear Feet 20 ft. 9 1/4 in. (13 record cartons, 15 in. each); (4 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 flat boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (3 flat boxes, 3 in. each); (1 box, 6 1/2 in.); (1 box, 5 in.); (1 index card box, 4 1/4 in.)","8.98 Gigabytes 308 files, formats include .jpg, .iso, .wav, .doc, .txt"],"extent_tesim":["20.75 Linear Feet 20 ft. 9 1/4 in. (13 record cartons, 15 in. each); (4 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 flat boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (3 flat boxes, 3 in. each); (1 box, 6 1/2 in.); (1 box, 5 in.); (1 index card box, 4 1/4 in.)","8.98 Gigabytes 308 files, formats include .jpg, .iso, .wav, .doc, .txt"],"date_range_isim":[1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArcher authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArcher's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. ","Although Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. ","Due to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: ","1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award","Archer authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.","Archer's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. ","After retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. ","William Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, A\u0026amp;M 4388, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, A\u0026M 4388, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection (A\u0026amp;M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA\u0026amp;M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCompare to:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA\u0026amp;M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection (A\u0026M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.","See also: \nA\u0026M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript \nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921) \nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses","Compare to: \nA\u0026M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript  \nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1 \nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)","West Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript: \nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the \u003ctitle\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film, \u003ctitle\u003eA Beautiful Mind\u003c/title\u003e, about Nash's life and work.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArcher researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for \u003ctitle\u003eThe Bluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e. The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Keystone Bank\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. John Nash\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e \nSeries 3. Subjects\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Writings \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography, \u003ctitle\u003eA Beautiful Mind\u003c/title\u003e (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMusic CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from \u003ctitle\u003eCoal People Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eWonderful West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled \u003ctitle\u003eThe Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas\u003c/title\u003e, a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967 \u003ctitle\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompact discs include: \n\u003ctitle\u003eStu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers\u003c/title\u003e, 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n\u003ctitle\u003eBramwell 100 Year Celebration\u003c/title\u003e; music and narration\n\u003ctitle\u003eCoalfield Visions, 1990\u003c/title\u003e; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n\u003ctitle\u003eTwo for Pocahontas\u003c/title\u003e; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026amp; 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n\u003ctitle\u003eGaining Momentum\u003c/title\u003e; 7 songs\n\u003ctitle\u003eproject duo\u003c/title\u003e; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n\u003ctitle\u003eMerry, Merry Christmas\u003c/title\u003e; 10 songs written by others\n\u003ctitle\u003eFour for Bluefield\u003c/title\u003e; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from \u003ctitle\u003eProject Duo\u003c/title\u003e, 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n\u003ctitle\u003eSounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2\u003c/title\u003e, 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n\u003ctitle\u003eGlory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2\u003c/title\u003e, 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n\u003ctitle\u003eSolid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow\u003c/title\u003e, 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026amp; Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  ","The largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film,  A Beautiful Mind , about Nash's life and work.  ","Archer researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  ","Photographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for  The Bluefield Daily Telegraph . The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  ","And finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  ","Twelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  ","In addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  ","The collection consists of the following series:","Series 1. Keystone Bank \nSeries 2. John Nash  \nSeries 3. Subjects \nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media \nSeries 5. Writings ","The Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).","The John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography,  A Beautiful Mind  (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.","Digital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.","Series 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).","Music CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.","Includes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.","An Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","The collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.","The identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.","Oral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.","\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.","Two jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.","This series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from  Coal People Magazine ,  Goldenseal ,  Wonderful West Virginia , and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. ","\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   ","Two electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled  The Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas , a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.","Two electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","Manuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.","Compact discs include: \n Stu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers , 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n Bramwell 100 Year Celebration ; music and narration\n Coalfield Visions, 1990 ; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n Two for Pocahontas ; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n Gaining Momentum ; 7 songs\n project duo ; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n Merry, Merry Christmas ; 10 songs written by others\n Four for Bluefield ; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from  Project Duo , 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n Sounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2 , 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Glory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2 , 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Solid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow , 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n \nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.","Identifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWilderness\u003c/title\u003e by Vance G. Martin\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eThe Crozers of Upland\u003c/title\u003e by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eLegendary Local of McDowell County\u003c/title\u003e by William Archer\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eThe Bramwell Breeze\u003c/title\u003e 1911/1912\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Items transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:","Wilderness  by Vance G. Martin","The Crozers of Upland  by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book","Legendary Local of McDowell County  by William Archer","The Bramwell Breeze  1911/1912"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cf33e0a1b957c44f683ffcdbbe87924c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":481,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-11T20:05:30.640Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c05_c88_c01"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8860_c05_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"British and Colonial Antecedents of American Liberties booklet","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8860_c05_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8860_c05_c01","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8860_c05_c01"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8860_c05_c01","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8860","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8860","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8860_c05","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8860_c05","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8860","viw_repositories_2_resources_8860_c05"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8860","viw_repositories_2_resources_8860_c05"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Records","Series 5: Accession 2024.297 printed materials"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Records","Series 5: Accession 2024.297 printed materials"],"text":["Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Records","Series 5: Accession 2024.297 printed materials","British and Colonial Antecedents of American Liberties booklet","Box Series 2, Box 9"],"title_filing_ssi":"British and Colonial Antecedents of American Liberties booklet","title_ssm":["British and Colonial Antecedents of American Liberties booklet"],"title_tesim":["British and Colonial Antecedents of American Liberties booklet"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2020 March 15"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["British and Colonial Antecedents of American Liberties booklet"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":66,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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