{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2011\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=986","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2011\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=985","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2011\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=987","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2011\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=1022"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":986,"next_page":987,"prev_page":985,"total_pages":1022,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":9850,"total_count":10218,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection, 1954/2012","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bertrand, Wendy","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wendy Bertrand is a registered architect, rug weaver, self-described feminist and author living in Northern California since 1967. This collection documents her personal and professional activism and activities between 1954-2012, including her architectural studies, organizational activities, family life, travel, professional writing, textile projects, and career with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Forest Service.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2865.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bertrand, Wendy Scott Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection, 1954/2012"],"text":["Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection, 1954/2012","Ms.2013.025","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- California","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","The collection is open for research, with the exception of divorce documents (restricted until the death of all parties) and personnel records (restricted until August 1, 2065) in Box 10.","Personal Papers\n\n\t\n\n\t\tWritings\n\n\t\tCorrespondence\n\n\t\tSchool Work\n\n\t\tTravel\n\n\t\tPhotographs\n\n\t\tActivism\n\n\t\tHobbies and Family Records\n\n\t\n\n\n\nProfessional papers\n\n\t\n\n\t\tCorrespondence\n\n\t\tPhotographs\n\n\t\tWritings\n\n\t\tReference Files\n\n\t\tPresentations\n\n\t\tExhibits\n\n\t\tAssociations and Committee\n\n\t\tAwards\n\n\t\tCareer Records\n\n\t\tContinuing Education\n\n\t\n\n\n\nOffice Records\n\n\t\n\n\t\tNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division\n\n\t\tNavy Public Works Center\n\n\t\tU.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region 5\n\n\t\n\n\n\nProject Records\n\n\t\n\n\t\tNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division \n\n\t\tNavy Public Works Center\n\n\t\tIndependent Projects","Wendy Scott Bertrand (née Eaken) is a registered architect, fiber artist and author brought up in San Diego, California. She studied at the École des Beaux Arts in France from 1964–65 and graduated from the University of California, Berkeley (Bach. Architecture 1971 , M.A. Architecture 1972). She designed private residential structures and supervised large-scale architectural projects for government contracts. Bertrand managed an Architectural Branch and an Engineering Division for the U.S. Navy (1973-1991) and held the position of engineering supervisor in the Western Region (5) Office of the U.S. Forest Service (1991-1994). Bertrand served in a variety of leadership roles throughout her career, including chair of the Quality of Worklife Committee for the U.S. Navy Public Works Center, examiner for her local Board of Architectural Examiners, and rating panelist for the City and County of San Francisco. She was an active participant in the Society of American Military Engineers and helped found the Organization of Women Architects and Design Professionals. In 2008, Bertrand published Rug Retrospective: Nine Weaving Seasons 1999-2008 (updated in 2010), documenting her textile projects. In 2012, Bertrand published Enamored with place: as woman + as architect, a memoir of her experiences as a single mother working in a traditionally male profession. Her 2015 epilogue, If I Knew Then What I Know Now (available online at http://wendybertrand.com/enamored-with-place/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/02_2015_epilogue.pdf), reflects on the influences of gender in architectural practice and what the future might hold for women in architecture.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection was completed in August 2017.","This collection documents the professional and personal activities of Wendy Bertrand between 1954-2012. Comprised primarily of textual materials and architectural drawings with supporting photographs and ephemera, the collection documents Bertrand's study of art and architecture; her career as an architect, engineering advisor, and supervisor for the US Navy and US Forest service; her private practice and engagement in national organizations; her family life, personal networks, and community engagement; and her artistic endeavors in textiles, photography, and furniture design. Coverage includes correspondence, travel journals, education files, project records and business files, personal reflections on her career, manuscript drafts, research notes, photographs, exhibition boards, construction documents, architectural drawings, and ephemera.","Permission to publish material from the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","Wendy Bertrand is a registered architect, rug weaver, self-described feminist and author living in Northern California since 1967. This collection documents her personal and professional activism and activities between 1954-2012, including her architectural studies, organizational activities, family life, travel, professional writing, textile projects, and career with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Forest Service.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bertrand, Wendy","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection, 1954/2012"],"collection_ssim":["Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection, 1954/2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.025"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2013.025"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Bertrand, Wendy"],"creator_ssim":["Bertrand, Wendy"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bertrand, Wendy"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Bertrand, Wendy","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- California","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- California","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.73 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15.73 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research, with the exception of divorce documents (restricted until the death of all parties) and personnel records (restricted until August 1, 2065) in Box 10.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research, with the exception of divorce documents (restricted until the death of all parties) and personnel records (restricted until August 1, 2065) in Box 10."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003col type=\"I\"\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003ePersonal Papers\n\n\t\u003col type=\"A\"\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eWritings\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eCorrespondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eSchool Work\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eTravel\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003ePhotographs\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eActivism\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eHobbies and Family Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ol\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eProfessional papers\n\n\t\u003col type=\"A\"\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eCorrespondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003ePhotographs\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eWritings\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eReference Files\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003ePresentations\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eExhibits\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eAssociations and Committee\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eAwards\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eCareer Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eContinuing Education\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ol\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eOffice Records\n\n\t\u003col type=\"A\"\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eNavy Public Works Center\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eU.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region 5\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ol\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eProject Records\n\n\t\u003col type=\"A\"\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division\u003c/li\u003e \n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eNavy Public Works Center\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eIndependent Projects\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ol\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Personal Papers\n\n\t\n\n\t\tWritings\n\n\t\tCorrespondence\n\n\t\tSchool Work\n\n\t\tTravel\n\n\t\tPhotographs\n\n\t\tActivism\n\n\t\tHobbies and Family Records\n\n\t\n\n\n\nProfessional papers\n\n\t\n\n\t\tCorrespondence\n\n\t\tPhotographs\n\n\t\tWritings\n\n\t\tReference Files\n\n\t\tPresentations\n\n\t\tExhibits\n\n\t\tAssociations and Committee\n\n\t\tAwards\n\n\t\tCareer Records\n\n\t\tContinuing Education\n\n\t\n\n\n\nOffice Records\n\n\t\n\n\t\tNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division\n\n\t\tNavy Public Works Center\n\n\t\tU.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region 5\n\n\t\n\n\n\nProject Records\n\n\t\n\n\t\tNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division \n\n\t\tNavy Public Works Center\n\n\t\tIndependent Projects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWendy Scott Bertrand (née Eaken) is a registered architect, fiber artist and author brought up in San Diego, California. She studied at the École des Beaux Arts in France from 1964–65 and graduated from the University of California, Berkeley (Bach. Architecture 1971 , M.A. Architecture 1972). She designed private residential structures and supervised large-scale architectural projects for government contracts. Bertrand managed an Architectural Branch and an Engineering Division for the U.S. Navy (1973-1991) and held the position of engineering supervisor in the Western Region (5) Office of the U.S. Forest Service (1991-1994). Bertrand served in a variety of leadership roles throughout her career, including chair of the Quality of Worklife Committee for the U.S. Navy Public Works Center, examiner for her local Board of Architectural Examiners, and rating panelist for the City and County of San Francisco. She was an active participant in the Society of American Military Engineers and helped found the Organization of Women Architects and Design Professionals. In 2008, Bertrand published \u003cem\u003eRug Retrospective: Nine Weaving Seasons 1999-2008\u003c/em\u003e (updated in 2010), documenting her textile projects. In 2012, Bertrand published \u003cem\u003eEnamored with place: as woman + as architect\u003c/em\u003e, a memoir of her experiences as a single mother working in a traditionally male profession. Her 2015 epilogue, \u003cem\u003eIf I Knew Then What I Know Now\u003c/em\u003e (available online at \u003ca href=\"http://wendybertrand.com/enamored-with-place/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/02_2015_epilogue.pdf\" target=\"blank\"\u003ehttp://wendybertrand.com/enamored-with-place/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/02_2015_epilogue.pdf\u003c/a\u003e), reflects on the influences of gender in architectural practice and what the future might hold for women in architecture.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wendy Scott Bertrand (née Eaken) is a registered architect, fiber artist and author brought up in San Diego, California. She studied at the École des Beaux Arts in France from 1964–65 and graduated from the University of California, Berkeley (Bach. Architecture 1971 , M.A. Architecture 1972). She designed private residential structures and supervised large-scale architectural projects for government contracts. Bertrand managed an Architectural Branch and an Engineering Division for the U.S. Navy (1973-1991) and held the position of engineering supervisor in the Western Region (5) Office of the U.S. Forest Service (1991-1994). Bertrand served in a variety of leadership roles throughout her career, including chair of the Quality of Worklife Committee for the U.S. Navy Public Works Center, examiner for her local Board of Architectural Examiners, and rating panelist for the City and County of San Francisco. She was an active participant in the Society of American Military Engineers and helped found the Organization of Women Architects and Design Professionals. In 2008, Bertrand published Rug Retrospective: Nine Weaving Seasons 1999-2008 (updated in 2010), documenting her textile projects. In 2012, Bertrand published Enamored with place: as woman + as architect, a memoir of her experiences as a single mother working in a traditionally male profession. Her 2015 epilogue, If I Knew Then What I Know Now (available online at http://wendybertrand.com/enamored-with-place/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/02_2015_epilogue.pdf), reflects on the influences of gender in architectural practice and what the future might hold for women in architecture."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection, Ms2013-025, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection, Ms2013-025, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection was completed in August 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection was completed in August 2017."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the professional and personal activities of Wendy Bertrand between 1954-2012. Comprised primarily of textual materials and architectural drawings with supporting photographs and ephemera, the collection documents Bertrand's study of art and architecture; her career as an architect, engineering advisor, and supervisor for the US Navy and US Forest service; her private practice and engagement in national organizations; her family life, personal networks, and community engagement; and her artistic endeavors in textiles, photography, and furniture design. Coverage includes correspondence, travel journals, education files, project records and business files, personal reflections on her career, manuscript drafts, research notes, photographs, exhibition boards, construction documents, architectural drawings, and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the professional and personal activities of Wendy Bertrand between 1954-2012. Comprised primarily of textual materials and architectural drawings with supporting photographs and ephemera, the collection documents Bertrand's study of art and architecture; her career as an architect, engineering advisor, and supervisor for the US Navy and US Forest service; her private practice and engagement in national organizations; her family life, personal networks, and community engagement; and her artistic endeavors in textiles, photography, and furniture design. Coverage includes correspondence, travel journals, education files, project records and business files, personal reflections on her career, manuscript drafts, research notes, photographs, exhibition boards, construction documents, architectural drawings, and ephemera."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3b8776781836046417e231ed6fc03b8e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eWendy Bertrand is a registered architect, rug weaver, self-described feminist and author living in Northern California since 1967. This collection documents her personal and professional activism and activities between 1954-2012, including her architectural studies, organizational activities, family life, travel, professional writing, textile projects, and career with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Wendy Bertrand is a registered architect, rug weaver, self-described feminist and author living in Northern California since 1967. This collection documents her personal and professional activism and activities between 1954-2012, including her architectural studies, organizational activities, family life, travel, professional writing, textile projects, and career with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Forest Service."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Bertrand, Wendy"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bertrand, Wendy"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":250,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:18.677Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2865.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bertrand, Wendy Scott Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1954/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection, 1954/2012"],"text":["Wendy Scott Bertrand Architectural Collection, 1954/2012","Ms.2013.025","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- California","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture","The collection is open for research, with the exception of divorce documents (restricted until the death of all parties) and personnel records (restricted until August 1, 2065) in Box 10.","Personal Papers\n\n\t\n\n\t\tWritings\n\n\t\tCorrespondence\n\n\t\tSchool Work\n\n\t\tTravel\n\n\t\tPhotographs\n\n\t\tActivism\n\n\t\tHobbies and Family Records\n\n\t\n\n\n\nProfessional papers\n\n\t\n\n\t\tCorrespondence\n\n\t\tPhotographs\n\n\t\tWritings\n\n\t\tReference Files\n\n\t\tPresentations\n\n\t\tExhibits\n\n\t\tAssociations and Committee\n\n\t\tAwards\n\n\t\tCareer Records\n\n\t\tContinuing Education\n\n\t\n\n\n\nOffice Records\n\n\t\n\n\t\tNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division\n\n\t\tNavy Public Works Center\n\n\t\tU.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region 5\n\n\t\n\n\n\nProject Records\n\n\t\n\n\t\tNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division \n\n\t\tNavy Public Works Center\n\n\t\tIndependent Projects","Wendy Scott Bertrand (née Eaken) is a registered architect, fiber artist and author brought up in San Diego, California. She studied at the École des Beaux Arts in France from 1964–65 and graduated from the University of California, Berkeley (Bach. Architecture 1971 , M.A. Architecture 1972). She designed private residential structures and supervised large-scale architectural projects for government contracts. Bertrand managed an Architectural Branch and an Engineering Division for the U.S. Navy (1973-1991) and held the position of engineering supervisor in the Western Region (5) Office of the U.S. Forest Service (1991-1994). Bertrand served in a variety of leadership roles throughout her career, including chair of the Quality of Worklife Committee for the U.S. Navy Public Works Center, examiner for her local Board of Architectural Examiners, and rating panelist for the City and County of San Francisco. She was an active participant in the Society of American Military Engineers and helped found the Organization of Women Architects and Design Professionals. In 2008, Bertrand published Rug Retrospective: Nine Weaving Seasons 1999-2008 (updated in 2010), documenting her textile projects. In 2012, Bertrand published Enamored with place: as woman + as architect, a memoir of her experiences as a single mother working in a traditionally male profession. Her 2015 epilogue, If I Knew Then What I Know Now (available online at http://wendybertrand.com/enamored-with-place/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/02_2015_epilogue.pdf), reflects on the influences of gender in architectural practice and what the future might hold for women in architecture.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection was completed in August 2017.","This collection documents the professional and personal activities of Wendy Bertrand between 1954-2012. Comprised primarily of textual materials and architectural drawings with supporting photographs and ephemera, the collection documents Bertrand's study of art and architecture; her career as an architect, engineering advisor, and supervisor for the US Navy and US Forest service; her private practice and engagement in national organizations; her family life, personal networks, and community engagement; and her artistic endeavors in textiles, photography, and furniture design. Coverage includes correspondence, travel journals, education files, project records and business files, personal reflections on her career, manuscript drafts, research notes, photographs, exhibition boards, construction documents, architectural drawings, and ephemera.","Permission to publish material from the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","Wendy Bertrand is a registered architect, rug weaver, self-described feminist and author living in Northern California since 1967. 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Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Bertrand, Wendy","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 2013."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- California","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- California","Women -- History","History of Women in Architecture"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["15.73 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["15.73 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research, with the exception of divorce documents (restricted until the death of all parties) and personnel records (restricted until August 1, 2065) in Box 10.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research, with the exception of divorce documents (restricted until the death of all parties) and personnel records (restricted until August 1, 2065) in Box 10."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003col type=\"I\"\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003ePersonal Papers\n\n\t\u003col type=\"A\"\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eWritings\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eCorrespondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eSchool Work\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eTravel\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003ePhotographs\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eActivism\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eHobbies and Family Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ol\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eProfessional papers\n\n\t\u003col type=\"A\"\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eCorrespondence\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003ePhotographs\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eWritings\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eReference Files\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003ePresentations\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eExhibits\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eAssociations and Committee\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eAwards\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eCareer Records\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eContinuing Education\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ol\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eOffice Records\n\n\t\u003col type=\"A\"\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eNavy Public Works Center\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eU.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region 5\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ol\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eProject Records\n\n\t\u003col type=\"A\"\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division\u003c/li\u003e \n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eNavy Public Works Center\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\t\u003cli\u003eIndependent Projects\u003c/li\u003e\n\n\t\u003c/ol\u003e\n\n\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Personal Papers\n\n\t\n\n\t\tWritings\n\n\t\tCorrespondence\n\n\t\tSchool Work\n\n\t\tTravel\n\n\t\tPhotographs\n\n\t\tActivism\n\n\t\tHobbies and Family Records\n\n\t\n\n\n\nProfessional papers\n\n\t\n\n\t\tCorrespondence\n\n\t\tPhotographs\n\n\t\tWritings\n\n\t\tReference Files\n\n\t\tPresentations\n\n\t\tExhibits\n\n\t\tAssociations and Committee\n\n\t\tAwards\n\n\t\tCareer Records\n\n\t\tContinuing Education\n\n\t\n\n\n\nOffice Records\n\n\t\n\n\t\tNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division\n\n\t\tNavy Public Works Center\n\n\t\tU.S. Forest Service Pacific Southwest Region 5\n\n\t\n\n\n\nProject Records\n\n\t\n\n\t\tNaval Facilities Engineering Command, Western Division \n\n\t\tNavy Public Works Center\n\n\t\tIndependent Projects"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWendy Scott Bertrand (née Eaken) is a registered architect, fiber artist and author brought up in San Diego, California. She studied at the École des Beaux Arts in France from 1964–65 and graduated from the University of California, Berkeley (Bach. Architecture 1971 , M.A. Architecture 1972). She designed private residential structures and supervised large-scale architectural projects for government contracts. Bertrand managed an Architectural Branch and an Engineering Division for the U.S. Navy (1973-1991) and held the position of engineering supervisor in the Western Region (5) Office of the U.S. Forest Service (1991-1994). Bertrand served in a variety of leadership roles throughout her career, including chair of the Quality of Worklife Committee for the U.S. Navy Public Works Center, examiner for her local Board of Architectural Examiners, and rating panelist for the City and County of San Francisco. She was an active participant in the Society of American Military Engineers and helped found the Organization of Women Architects and Design Professionals. In 2008, Bertrand published \u003cem\u003eRug Retrospective: Nine Weaving Seasons 1999-2008\u003c/em\u003e (updated in 2010), documenting her textile projects. In 2012, Bertrand published \u003cem\u003eEnamored with place: as woman + as architect\u003c/em\u003e, a memoir of her experiences as a single mother working in a traditionally male profession. Her 2015 epilogue, \u003cem\u003eIf I Knew Then What I Know Now\u003c/em\u003e (available online at \u003ca href=\"http://wendybertrand.com/enamored-with-place/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/02_2015_epilogue.pdf\" target=\"blank\"\u003ehttp://wendybertrand.com/enamored-with-place/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/02_2015_epilogue.pdf\u003c/a\u003e), reflects on the influences of gender in architectural practice and what the future might hold for women in architecture.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wendy Scott Bertrand (née Eaken) is a registered architect, fiber artist and author brought up in San Diego, California. She studied at the École des Beaux Arts in France from 1964–65 and graduated from the University of California, Berkeley (Bach. Architecture 1971 , M.A. Architecture 1972). She designed private residential structures and supervised large-scale architectural projects for government contracts. Bertrand managed an Architectural Branch and an Engineering Division for the U.S. Navy (1973-1991) and held the position of engineering supervisor in the Western Region (5) Office of the U.S. Forest Service (1991-1994). Bertrand served in a variety of leadership roles throughout her career, including chair of the Quality of Worklife Committee for the U.S. Navy Public Works Center, examiner for her local Board of Architectural Examiners, and rating panelist for the City and County of San Francisco. She was an active participant in the Society of American Military Engineers and helped found the Organization of Women Architects and Design Professionals. In 2008, Bertrand published Rug Retrospective: Nine Weaving Seasons 1999-2008 (updated in 2010), documenting her textile projects. In 2012, Bertrand published Enamored with place: as woman + as architect, a memoir of her experiences as a single mother working in a traditionally male profession. Her 2015 epilogue, If I Knew Then What I Know Now (available online at http://wendybertrand.com/enamored-with-place/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/02_2015_epilogue.pdf), reflects on the influences of gender in architectural practice and what the future might hold for women in architecture."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection, Ms2013-025, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection, Ms2013-025, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection was completed in August 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection was completed in August 2017."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the professional and personal activities of Wendy Bertrand between 1954-2012. Comprised primarily of textual materials and architectural drawings with supporting photographs and ephemera, the collection documents Bertrand's study of art and architecture; her career as an architect, engineering advisor, and supervisor for the US Navy and US Forest service; her private practice and engagement in national organizations; her family life, personal networks, and community engagement; and her artistic endeavors in textiles, photography, and furniture design. Coverage includes correspondence, travel journals, education files, project records and business files, personal reflections on her career, manuscript drafts, research notes, photographs, exhibition boards, construction documents, architectural drawings, and ephemera.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the professional and personal activities of Wendy Bertrand between 1954-2012. Comprised primarily of textual materials and architectural drawings with supporting photographs and ephemera, the collection documents Bertrand's study of art and architecture; her career as an architect, engineering advisor, and supervisor for the US Navy and US Forest service; her private practice and engagement in national organizations; her family life, personal networks, and community engagement; and her artistic endeavors in textiles, photography, and furniture design. Coverage includes correspondence, travel journals, education files, project records and business files, personal reflections on her career, manuscript drafts, research notes, photographs, exhibition boards, construction documents, architectural drawings, and ephemera."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from the Wendy Bertrand Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_3b8776781836046417e231ed6fc03b8e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eWendy Bertrand is a registered architect, rug weaver, self-described feminist and author living in Northern California since 1967. This collection documents her personal and professional activism and activities between 1954-2012, including her architectural studies, organizational activities, family life, travel, professional writing, textile projects, and career with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Wendy Bertrand is a registered architect, rug weaver, self-described feminist and author living in Northern California since 1967. This collection documents her personal and professional activism and activities between 1954-2012, including her architectural studies, organizational activities, family life, travel, professional writing, textile projects, and career with the U.S. Navy and U.S. Forest Service."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Bertrand, Wendy"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Bertrand, Wendy"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":250,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:31:18.677Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2865"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1013","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1976/2018","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1013#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1013#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes both colored and black-and-white prints of etchings, woodcuts, and linocuts by Werner K. Sensbach, depicting various University of Virginia buildings and a couple of landscapes. Also includes twelve preliminary sketches done by Sensbach of scenes from the University of Virginia and one for St. Paul's Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1013#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1013","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1013","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1013","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1013","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1013.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/121098","title_filing_ssi":"Sensbach, Werner K., Graphic Art Collection","title_ssm":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection"],"title_tesim":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1976, 1992-2018"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1976, 1992-2018"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1976/2018"],"text":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1976/2018","MSS .15884","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1013","University of Virginia -- School of Architecture","University of Virginia Lawn (Charlottesville, Va.)","University of Virginia Rotunda (Charlottesville, Va.)","etching","wood-engraving","prints","lithography","linoleum block printing","University of Virginia -- Buildings -- Pictorial works","This collection is open for research use.","Werner K. Sensbach (1923-2015), an architect and campus planner at the University of Virginia and several branches, 1965-1991, was born in Mannheim, Germany, to Gustav and Margarethe Sensbach. Werner was educated at the universities of Heidelberg and Karlsruhe, Germany and Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He worked in architectural offices in Germany, Switzerland and New York State. During World War II, Werner was severly wounded in 1944 at the Eastern Front in the Ukraine. In 1954, he immigrated to the United States and became a city planner in Columbia, South Carolina, and Roanoake, Virginia. In 1953, he was married to Gladys Frederiksen (died 2014) and they had two sons. He then married Angelika S. Powell.","After retirement, his interest turned to art, including watercolor field sketches and al fresco oil paintings of the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Piedmont, and etchings, lithographs, and woodcut prints of the University of Virginia buildings.","The collection includes both colored and black-and-white prints of etchings, woodcuts, and linocuts by Werner K. Sensbach, depicting various University of Virginia buildings and a couple of landscapes. Also includes twelve preliminary sketches done by Sensbach of scenes from the University of Virginia and one for St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","The addition to the Werner K. Sensbach papers (MSS 15884) contains original printing blocks, sketches, prints, and exhibition information. Werner Sensbach (1923-2015) was an artist, architect, urban designer, and campus planner. He served as the Virginia Campus Architect and was a professor in the Urban Planning School from 1965 to1991. After his retirement, he became a citizen scholar at the UVA Studio Art Department where he created his works.","The bulk of the addition to the collection are fifty-one original copper plates, zinc plates, linoleum, and woodblocks, primarily of buildings and scenes at the University of Virginia. Also included are preliminary sketches and designs, three copies of his series of prints titled \"University of Virginia: Four Views,\" and exhibition information from shows held between 2000 to 2018.","The gift agreement for the addition clearly states that the woodblocks are NEVER to be used again. The copperplates are reusable. However, Angelika S. Powell has held on to the \"artistic reproduction of these donated originals.\" The United States rights were copyrighted by Powell on March 23, 2015.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Werner K. 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The copperplates are reusable. However, Angelika S. Powell has held on to the \"artistic reproduction of these donated originals.\" The United States rights were copyrighted by Powell on March 23, 2015."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was purchased by the University of Virginia Special Collections Library on October 27, 2014-2015.","The addition to the collection was given to the University of Virginia Special Collections Library on November 1, 2020 by Angelika S. Powell, the wife of Werner S. Sensbach."],"access_subjects_ssim":["etching","wood-engraving","prints","lithography","linoleum block printing","University of Virginia -- Buildings -- Pictorial works"],"access_subjects_ssm":["etching","wood-engraving","prints","lithography","linoleum block printing","University of Virginia -- Buildings -- Pictorial works"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.2 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.2 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWerner K. Sensbach (1923-2015), an architect and campus planner at the University of Virginia and several branches, 1965-1991, was born in Mannheim, Germany, to Gustav and Margarethe Sensbach. Werner was educated at the universities of Heidelberg and Karlsruhe, Germany and Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He worked in architectural offices in Germany, Switzerland and New York State. During World War II, Werner was severly wounded in 1944 at the Eastern Front in the Ukraine. In 1954, he immigrated to the United States and became a city planner in Columbia, South Carolina, and Roanoake, Virginia. In 1953, he was married to Gladys Frederiksen (died 2014) and they had two sons. He then married Angelika S. Powell. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter retirement, his interest turned to art, including watercolor field sketches and al fresco oil paintings of the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Piedmont, and etchings, lithographs, and woodcut prints of the University of Virginia buildings. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Werner K. Sensbach (1923-2015), an architect and campus planner at the University of Virginia and several branches, 1965-1991, was born in Mannheim, Germany, to Gustav and Margarethe Sensbach. Werner was educated at the universities of Heidelberg and Karlsruhe, Germany and Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He worked in architectural offices in Germany, Switzerland and New York State. During World War II, Werner was severly wounded in 1944 at the Eastern Front in the Ukraine. In 1954, he immigrated to the United States and became a city planner in Columbia, South Carolina, and Roanoake, Virginia. In 1953, he was married to Gladys Frederiksen (died 2014) and they had two sons. He then married Angelika S. Powell.","After retirement, his interest turned to art, including watercolor field sketches and al fresco oil paintings of the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Piedmont, and etchings, lithographs, and woodcut prints of the University of Virginia buildings."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWerner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1992-2003, MSS 15884, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1992-2003, MSS 15884, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes both colored and black-and-white prints of etchings, woodcuts, and linocuts by Werner K. Sensbach, depicting various University of Virginia buildings and a couple of landscapes. Also includes twelve preliminary sketches done by Sensbach of scenes from the University of Virginia and one for St. Paul's Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe addition to the Werner K. Sensbach papers (MSS 15884) contains original printing blocks, sketches, prints, and exhibition information. Werner Sensbach (1923-2015) was an artist, architect, urban designer, and campus planner. He served as the Virginia Campus Architect and was a professor in the Urban Planning School from 1965 to1991. After his retirement, he became a citizen scholar at the UVA Studio Art Department where he created his works.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the addition to the collection are fifty-one original copper plates, zinc plates, linoleum, and woodblocks, primarily of buildings and scenes at the University of Virginia. Also included are preliminary sketches and designs, three copies of his series of prints titled \"University of Virginia: Four Views,\" and exhibition information from shows held between 2000 to 2018.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes both colored and black-and-white prints of etchings, woodcuts, and linocuts by Werner K. Sensbach, depicting various University of Virginia buildings and a couple of landscapes. Also includes twelve preliminary sketches done by Sensbach of scenes from the University of Virginia and one for St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","The addition to the Werner K. Sensbach papers (MSS 15884) contains original printing blocks, sketches, prints, and exhibition information. Werner Sensbach (1923-2015) was an artist, architect, urban designer, and campus planner. He served as the Virginia Campus Architect and was a professor in the Urban Planning School from 1965 to1991. After his retirement, he became a citizen scholar at the UVA Studio Art Department where he created his works.","The bulk of the addition to the collection are fifty-one original copper plates, zinc plates, linoleum, and woodblocks, primarily of buildings and scenes at the University of Virginia. Also included are preliminary sketches and designs, three copies of his series of prints titled \"University of Virginia: Four Views,\" and exhibition information from shows held between 2000 to 2018."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe gift agreement for the addition clearly states that the woodblocks are NEVER to be used again. The copperplates are reusable. However, Angelika S. Powell has held on to the \"artistic reproduction of these donated originals.\" The United States rights were copyrighted by Powell on March 23, 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The gift agreement for the addition clearly states that the woodblocks are NEVER to be used again. The copperplates are reusable. However, Angelika S. Powell has held on to the \"artistic reproduction of these donated originals.\" The United States rights were copyrighted by Powell on March 23, 2015."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":78,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:24.943Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1013","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1013","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1013","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1013","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1013.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/121098","title_filing_ssi":"Sensbach, Werner K., Graphic Art Collection","title_ssm":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection"],"title_tesim":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1976, 1992-2018"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1976, 1992-2018"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/2018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1976/2018"],"text":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1976/2018","MSS .15884","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1013","University of Virginia -- School of Architecture","University of Virginia Lawn (Charlottesville, Va.)","University of Virginia Rotunda (Charlottesville, Va.)","etching","wood-engraving","prints","lithography","linoleum block printing","University of Virginia -- Buildings -- Pictorial works","This collection is open for research use.","Werner K. Sensbach (1923-2015), an architect and campus planner at the University of Virginia and several branches, 1965-1991, was born in Mannheim, Germany, to Gustav and Margarethe Sensbach. Werner was educated at the universities of Heidelberg and Karlsruhe, Germany and Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He worked in architectural offices in Germany, Switzerland and New York State. During World War II, Werner was severly wounded in 1944 at the Eastern Front in the Ukraine. In 1954, he immigrated to the United States and became a city planner in Columbia, South Carolina, and Roanoake, Virginia. In 1953, he was married to Gladys Frederiksen (died 2014) and they had two sons. He then married Angelika S. Powell.","After retirement, his interest turned to art, including watercolor field sketches and al fresco oil paintings of the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Piedmont, and etchings, lithographs, and woodcut prints of the University of Virginia buildings.","The collection includes both colored and black-and-white prints of etchings, woodcuts, and linocuts by Werner K. Sensbach, depicting various University of Virginia buildings and a couple of landscapes. Also includes twelve preliminary sketches done by Sensbach of scenes from the University of Virginia and one for St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","The addition to the Werner K. Sensbach papers (MSS 15884) contains original printing blocks, sketches, prints, and exhibition information. Werner Sensbach (1923-2015) was an artist, architect, urban designer, and campus planner. He served as the Virginia Campus Architect and was a professor in the Urban Planning School from 1965 to1991. After his retirement, he became a citizen scholar at the UVA Studio Art Department where he created his works.","The bulk of the addition to the collection are fifty-one original copper plates, zinc plates, linoleum, and woodblocks, primarily of buildings and scenes at the University of Virginia. Also included are preliminary sketches and designs, three copies of his series of prints titled \"University of Virginia: Four Views,\" and exhibition information from shows held between 2000 to 2018.","The gift agreement for the addition clearly states that the woodblocks are NEVER to be used again. The copperplates are reusable. However, Angelika S. Powell has held on to the \"artistic reproduction of these donated originals.\" The United States rights were copyrighted by Powell on March 23, 2015.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1976/2018"],"collection_ssim":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1976/2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS .15884","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1013"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS .15884","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1013"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["University of Virginia -- School of Architecture","University of Virginia Lawn (Charlottesville, Va.)","University of Virginia Rotunda (Charlottesville, Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["University of Virginia -- School of Architecture","University of Virginia Lawn (Charlottesville, Va.)","University of Virginia Rotunda (Charlottesville, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["University of Virginia -- School of Architecture","University of Virginia Lawn (Charlottesville, Va.)","University of Virginia Rotunda (Charlottesville, Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015"],"creator_ssim":["Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"creators_ssim":["Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["The gift agreement for the addition clearly states that the woodblocks are NEVER to be used again. The copperplates are reusable. However, Angelika S. Powell has held on to the \"artistic reproduction of these donated originals.\" The United States rights were copyrighted by Powell on March 23, 2015."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was purchased by the University of Virginia Special Collections Library on October 27, 2014-2015.","The addition to the collection was given to the University of Virginia Special Collections Library on November 1, 2020 by Angelika S. Powell, the wife of Werner S. Sensbach."],"access_subjects_ssim":["etching","wood-engraving","prints","lithography","linoleum block printing","University of Virginia -- Buildings -- Pictorial works"],"access_subjects_ssm":["etching","wood-engraving","prints","lithography","linoleum block printing","University of Virginia -- Buildings -- Pictorial works"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.2 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.2 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWerner K. Sensbach (1923-2015), an architect and campus planner at the University of Virginia and several branches, 1965-1991, was born in Mannheim, Germany, to Gustav and Margarethe Sensbach. Werner was educated at the universities of Heidelberg and Karlsruhe, Germany and Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He worked in architectural offices in Germany, Switzerland and New York State. During World War II, Werner was severly wounded in 1944 at the Eastern Front in the Ukraine. In 1954, he immigrated to the United States and became a city planner in Columbia, South Carolina, and Roanoake, Virginia. In 1953, he was married to Gladys Frederiksen (died 2014) and they had two sons. He then married Angelika S. Powell. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter retirement, his interest turned to art, including watercolor field sketches and al fresco oil paintings of the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Piedmont, and etchings, lithographs, and woodcut prints of the University of Virginia buildings. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Werner K. Sensbach (1923-2015), an architect and campus planner at the University of Virginia and several branches, 1965-1991, was born in Mannheim, Germany, to Gustav and Margarethe Sensbach. Werner was educated at the universities of Heidelberg and Karlsruhe, Germany and Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He worked in architectural offices in Germany, Switzerland and New York State. During World War II, Werner was severly wounded in 1944 at the Eastern Front in the Ukraine. In 1954, he immigrated to the United States and became a city planner in Columbia, South Carolina, and Roanoake, Virginia. In 1953, he was married to Gladys Frederiksen (died 2014) and they had two sons. He then married Angelika S. Powell.","After retirement, his interest turned to art, including watercolor field sketches and al fresco oil paintings of the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Piedmont, and etchings, lithographs, and woodcut prints of the University of Virginia buildings."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWerner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1992-2003, MSS 15884, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Werner K. Sensbach Graphic Art Collection, 1992-2003, MSS 15884, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes both colored and black-and-white prints of etchings, woodcuts, and linocuts by Werner K. Sensbach, depicting various University of Virginia buildings and a couple of landscapes. Also includes twelve preliminary sketches done by Sensbach of scenes from the University of Virginia and one for St. Paul's Episcopal Church.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe addition to the Werner K. Sensbach papers (MSS 15884) contains original printing blocks, sketches, prints, and exhibition information. Werner Sensbach (1923-2015) was an artist, architect, urban designer, and campus planner. He served as the Virginia Campus Architect and was a professor in the Urban Planning School from 1965 to1991. After his retirement, he became a citizen scholar at the UVA Studio Art Department where he created his works.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the addition to the collection are fifty-one original copper plates, zinc plates, linoleum, and woodblocks, primarily of buildings and scenes at the University of Virginia. Also included are preliminary sketches and designs, three copies of his series of prints titled \"University of Virginia: Four Views,\" and exhibition information from shows held between 2000 to 2018.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes both colored and black-and-white prints of etchings, woodcuts, and linocuts by Werner K. Sensbach, depicting various University of Virginia buildings and a couple of landscapes. Also includes twelve preliminary sketches done by Sensbach of scenes from the University of Virginia and one for St. Paul's Episcopal Church.","The addition to the Werner K. Sensbach papers (MSS 15884) contains original printing blocks, sketches, prints, and exhibition information. Werner Sensbach (1923-2015) was an artist, architect, urban designer, and campus planner. He served as the Virginia Campus Architect and was a professor in the Urban Planning School from 1965 to1991. After his retirement, he became a citizen scholar at the UVA Studio Art Department where he created his works.","The bulk of the addition to the collection are fifty-one original copper plates, zinc plates, linoleum, and woodblocks, primarily of buildings and scenes at the University of Virginia. Also included are preliminary sketches and designs, three copies of his series of prints titled \"University of Virginia: Four Views,\" and exhibition information from shows held between 2000 to 2018."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe gift agreement for the addition clearly states that the woodblocks are NEVER to be used again. The copperplates are reusable. However, Angelika S. Powell has held on to the \"artistic reproduction of these donated originals.\" The United States rights were copyrighted by Powell on March 23, 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The gift agreement for the addition clearly states that the woodblocks are NEVER to be used again. The copperplates are reusable. However, Angelika S. Powell has held on to the \"artistic reproduction of these donated originals.\" The United States rights were copyrighted by Powell on March 23, 2015."],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"persname_ssim":["Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Sensbach, Werner K., 1923-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":78,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:53:24.943Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1013"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677_c23_c272","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Westberg, Christine \"Chris\", 1978/2014","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8677_c23_c272#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677_c23_c272","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8677_c23_c272"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677_c23_c272","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677_c23","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677_c23","parent_ssim":["Christopher Bram Papers, 1968/2014, bulk 1975/2000","Series 23: Correspondence"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8677","viw_repositories_2_resources_8677_c23"],"title_filing_ssi":"Westberg, Christine \"Chris\"","title_ssm":["Westberg, Christine \"Chris\""],"title_tesim":["Westberg, Christine \"Chris\""],"normalized_title_ssm":["Westberg, Christine \"Chris\", 1978/2014"],"text":["Westberg, Christine \"Chris\", 1978/2014","Christopher Bram Papers, 1968/2014, bulk 1975/2000","Series 23: Correspondence","Box 41","Folder 4"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Christopher Bram Papers, 1968/2014, bulk 1975/2000","Series 23: Correspondence"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Christopher Bram Papers, 1968/2014, bulk 1975/2000","Series 23: Correspondence"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1978/2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1978-2014"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":707,"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Christopher Bram Papers, 1968/2014, bulk 1975/2000"],"containers_ssim":["Box 41","Folder 4"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Portions of this collection are restricted. Materials related to the unpublished novel \"Gunny\" may not be quoted or published without the express permission of Christopher Bram or his estate. All diaries from October 1979 until the end of Bram's life are closed during the lifetime of Draper Shreeve. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"_nest_path_":"/components#22/components#271","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:04:22.909Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8677","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8677.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bram, Christopher","title_ssm":["Christopher Bram Papers"],"title_tesim":["Christopher Bram Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1968-2014","1975-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1968-2014"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1975-2000"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1968/2014, bulk 1975/2000"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Christopher Bram Papers, 1968/2014, bulk 1975/2000"],"text":["Christopher Bram Papers, 1968/2014, bulk 1975/2000","Mss. 99 B73","/repositories/2/resources/8677","Authors, American--20th century","Homosexuality and art","Homosexuality--Fiction.","Artifacts","Certificates","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks","Photographs","Postcards","Publications","Portions of this collection are restricted. Materials related to the unpublished novel \"Gunny\" may not be quoted or published without the express permission of Christopher Bram or his estate. All diaries from October 1979 until the end of Bram's life are closed during the lifetime of Draper Shreeve. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Future accruals are expected.","The collection is arranged into 26 series: Gunny, Surprising Myself, Hold Tight, In Memory of Angel Clare, Almost History, Father of Frankenstein, Gossip, The Notorious Dr. August: His Real Life and Crimes, Lives of the Circus Animals, Exiles in America, Mapping the Territory, Eminent Outlaws, Unfinished Novels, Short Works, Works featuring Bram, Notebooks, Work of Friends, Events and Recognition, Teaching, College of William and Mary, Literary Business, Personal Papers, Correspondence, Photographs, Ephemera and Artifacts, and Audiovisual.","Novelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence.\n\n As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.\n\n Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: http://scdb.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Christopher_Bram","Administrative History: Novelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence. As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.","Novelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence.","As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.","Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: http://scdb.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Christopher_Bram","Novelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence. As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.","Processed by Antonio Bly in 2000 and Molly FitzGerald Perry 2008. Inventory added to Archon by Special Collections Student Assistant in October 2007. Acc. 2012.325 accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in September 2012. Acc. 2012.326 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in September 2012. Acc. 2012.331 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in September 2012. Acc. 2013.020 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in January 2013. Acc. 2014.043 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in April 2014. Collection was rehoused and fully processed by Matt Anthony, SCRC Staff, March 2015.","The Christopher Bram papers largely encompass Bram's career as a novelist and writer but also include personal papers, audiovisual material, and artifacts. The first 12 series comprise materials relating to each of the major book length works Bram has produced during his career. Series 1 contains materials relating to Bram's first novel, which remains unpublished. Subsequent series are organized chronologically by publication date. Series 13 and 14 contain Bram's shorter works, including material related to unfinished novels, as well as screenplays, short stories, and poetry. Series 15 contains works featuring Bram, including critical articles and interviews with Bram. Series 16 consists of Bram's notebooks, which contain his ideas for novels and short stories. Series 17 contains works by friends which Bram collected and, in some cases, edited. Series 18 contains materials related to events that Bram participated in, and awards and recognition which he received. Series 19 contains materials related to Bram's teaching. Series 20 contains materials related to Bram's connection with William \u0026 Mary, including materials from his undergraduate studies at William \u0026 Mary as well as his future involvement with the college as a Writer-in-Residence. Series 21 contains materials related to the literary business, including publication agreements and royalty statements. These materials retain Bram's original order, which sorted materials by the publishers he worked with throughout his career. Series 22 contains Bram's personal papers, including materials related to his high school, Boy Scouts, military service, employment, and family. This series also includes Bram's personal diaries, which are restricted during the lifetimes of Bram and his partner. Series 23 contains Bram's correspondence. This series is organized alphabetically by correspondent. Series 24 contains photographs. Series 25 contains artifacts and ephemera. Series 26 contains audiovisual materials which have also been physically separated from the rest of the collection.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English","Bram, Christopher, 1952-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Christopher Bram Papers, 1968/2014, bulk 1975/2000"],"collection_ssim":["Christopher Bram Papers, 1968/2014, bulk 1975/2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 99 B73","/repositories/2/resources/8677"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 99 B73","/repositories/2/resources/8677"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_ssm":["Bram, Christopher, 1952-"],"creator_ssim":["Bram, Christopher, 1952-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bram, Christopher, 1952-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English"],"creators_ssim":["Bram, Christopher, 1952-","Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["1999-16 (1 box including correspondence, notebooks of writing while a student at the College, and memorabilia) received 5/4/1999; 2000-04 (1 box book reviews) received 1/19/2000; 2000-36 (card announcing book) received 7/2/2000; 2001-39 (2 boxes) received 9/17/2001; 2003-69 (Swem remarks) received 12/3/2003; 3 boxes received Fall 2008 (2008 addition). Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Authors, American--20th century","Homosexuality and art","Homosexuality--Fiction.","Artifacts","Certificates","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks","Photographs","Postcards","Publications"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Authors, American--20th century","Homosexuality and art","Homosexuality--Fiction.","Artifacts","Certificates","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks","Photographs","Postcards","Publications"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.75 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["21.75 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Artifacts","Certificates","Correspondence","Manuscripts (document genre)","Notebooks","Photographs","Postcards","Publications"],"date_range_isim":[1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePortions of this collection are restricted. Materials related to the unpublished novel \"Gunny\" may not be quoted or published without the express permission of Christopher Bram or his estate. All diaries from October 1979 until the end of Bram's life are closed during the lifetime of Draper Shreeve. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Portions of this collection are restricted. Materials related to the unpublished novel \"Gunny\" may not be quoted or published without the express permission of Christopher Bram or his estate. All diaries from October 1979 until the end of Bram's life are closed during the lifetime of Draper Shreeve. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"accruals_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFuture accruals are expected.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accruals_heading_ssm":["Accruals:"],"accruals_tesim":["Future accruals are expected."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into 26 series: Gunny, Surprising Myself, Hold Tight, In Memory of Angel Clare, Almost History, Father of Frankenstein, Gossip, The Notorious Dr. August: His Real Life and Crimes, Lives of the Circus Animals, Exiles in America, Mapping the Territory, Eminent Outlaws, Unfinished Novels, Short Works, Works featuring Bram, Notebooks, Work of Friends, Events and Recognition, Teaching, College of William and Mary, Literary Business, Personal Papers, Correspondence, Photographs, Ephemera and Artifacts, and Audiovisual.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement of Materials:"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into 26 series: Gunny, Surprising Myself, Hold Tight, In Memory of Angel Clare, Almost History, Father of Frankenstein, Gossip, The Notorious Dr. August: His Real Life and Crimes, Lives of the Circus Animals, Exiles in America, Mapping the Territory, Eminent Outlaws, Unfinished Novels, Short Works, Works featuring Bram, Notebooks, Work of Friends, Events and Recognition, Teaching, College of William and Mary, Literary Business, Personal Papers, Correspondence, Photographs, Ephemera and Artifacts, and Audiovisual."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cbioghist altrender=\"Biographical Information\" encodinganalog=\"545$a\"\u003e  Novelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence.\n\n As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.\n\n Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: http://scdb.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Christopher_Bram\n\n \u003c/bioghist\u003e ","\u003cbioghist altrender=\"Administrative History\" encodinganalog=\"545$b\"\u003e \u003chead\u003eAdministrative History:\u003c/head\u003e Novelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence. As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.\n\n \u003c/bioghist\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eNovelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: http://scdb.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Christopher_Bram\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eNovelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence. As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical Information:","Administrative History:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Novelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence.\n\n As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.\n\n Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: http://scdb.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Christopher_Bram","Administrative History: Novelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence. As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.","Novelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence.","As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others.","Further information about this individual or organization may be available in the Special Collections Research Center Wiki: http://scdb.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Christopher_Bram","Novelist Christopher Bram was born on February 22, 1952 in Buffalo, New York. Raised predominantly in tidewater Virginia, Mr. Bram attended the College of William and Mary where he majored in English. As an undergraduate, he was actively involved in the Author's Guild, Omicron Delta Kappa, and served as the Editor of the literary journal, the William and Mary Review, from 1973-1974. After graduating with honors in 1974, Mr. Bram returned to the college in 1999 as a writer in residence. As a writer, Christopher Bram has published nine novels, a number of short stories and articles, as well as adapted his work into screenplays. His novels, including \"Surprising Myself (1987),\" \"Hold Tight (1988),\" \"In Memory of Angel Clare (1989),\" \"Almost History (1992),\" \"Father of Frankenstein (1995),\" \"Gossip (1997),\" \"The Notorious Dr. August: his Real Life and Crimes (2000),\" \"Lives of Circus Animals (2003),\" and \"Exiles in America (2006),\" have gained wide acclaim for addressing contemporary issues including homosexuality. He has been honored as a 2001 Guggenheim Fellow in 2003 received the Bill Whitehead Award for Lifetime Achievement. A 1998 film adaptation of Bram's novel \"Father of Frankenstein,\" entitled \"Gods and Monsters\" won an Oscar for \"Best Writing, Screenplay Based on Material in Another Medium.\" Bram has worked on a variety of screenplays including the short films \"George,\" \"Al,\" and \"Business-like.\" His short stories and articles have appeared in publications such as the New York Times Book Review, New York Native, Night and Day, Lamdba Book Report, Christopher Street, among others."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChristopher Bram Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Christopher Bram Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Antonio Bly in 2000 and Molly FitzGerald Perry 2008. Inventory added to Archon by Special Collections Student Assistant in October 2007. Acc. 2012.325 accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in September 2012. Acc. 2012.326 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in September 2012. Acc. 2012.331 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in September 2012. Acc. 2013.020 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in January 2013. Acc. 2014.043 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in April 2014. Collection was rehoused and fully processed by Matt Anthony, SCRC Staff, March 2015.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Antonio Bly in 2000 and Molly FitzGerald Perry 2008. Inventory added to Archon by Special Collections Student Assistant in October 2007. Acc. 2012.325 accessioned and minimally processed by Benjamin Bromley in September 2012. Acc. 2012.326 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in September 2012. Acc. 2012.331 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in September 2012. Acc. 2013.020 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in January 2013. Acc. 2014.043 accessioned and minimally processed by Steven Bookman, University Archives Specialist, in April 2014. Collection was rehoused and fully processed by Matt Anthony, SCRC Staff, March 2015."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Christopher Bram papers largely encompass Bram's career as a novelist and writer but also include personal papers, audiovisual material, and artifacts. The first 12 series comprise materials relating to each of the major book length works Bram has produced during his career. Series 1 contains materials relating to Bram's first novel, which remains unpublished. Subsequent series are organized chronologically by publication date. Series 13 and 14 contain Bram's shorter works, including material related to unfinished novels, as well as screenplays, short stories, and poetry. Series 15 contains works featuring Bram, including critical articles and interviews with Bram. Series 16 consists of Bram's notebooks, which contain his ideas for novels and short stories. Series 17 contains works by friends which Bram collected and, in some cases, edited. Series 18 contains materials related to events that Bram participated in, and awards and recognition which he received. Series 19 contains materials related to Bram's teaching. Series 20 contains materials related to Bram's connection with William \u0026amp; Mary, including materials from his undergraduate studies at William \u0026amp; Mary as well as his future involvement with the college as a Writer-in-Residence. Series 21 contains materials related to the literary business, including publication agreements and royalty statements. These materials retain Bram's original order, which sorted materials by the publishers he worked with throughout his career. Series 22 contains Bram's personal papers, including materials related to his high school, Boy Scouts, military service, employment, and family. This series also includes Bram's personal diaries, which are restricted during the lifetimes of Bram and his partner. Series 23 contains Bram's correspondence. This series is organized alphabetically by correspondent. Series 24 contains photographs. Series 25 contains artifacts and ephemera. Series 26 contains audiovisual materials which have also been physically separated from the rest of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Christopher Bram papers largely encompass Bram's career as a novelist and writer but also include personal papers, audiovisual material, and artifacts. The first 12 series comprise materials relating to each of the major book length works Bram has produced during his career. Series 1 contains materials relating to Bram's first novel, which remains unpublished. Subsequent series are organized chronologically by publication date. Series 13 and 14 contain Bram's shorter works, including material related to unfinished novels, as well as screenplays, short stories, and poetry. Series 15 contains works featuring Bram, including critical articles and interviews with Bram. Series 16 consists of Bram's notebooks, which contain his ideas for novels and short stories. Series 17 contains works by friends which Bram collected and, in some cases, edited. Series 18 contains materials related to events that Bram participated in, and awards and recognition which he received. Series 19 contains materials related to Bram's teaching. Series 20 contains materials related to Bram's connection with William \u0026 Mary, including materials from his undergraduate studies at William \u0026 Mary as well as his future involvement with the college as a Writer-in-Residence. Series 21 contains materials related to the literary business, including publication agreements and royalty statements. These materials retain Bram's original order, which sorted materials by the publishers he worked with throughout his career. Series 22 contains Bram's personal papers, including materials related to his high school, Boy Scouts, military service, employment, and family. This series also includes Bram's personal diaries, which are restricted during the lifetimes of Bram and his partner. Series 23 contains Bram's correspondence. This series is organized alphabetically by correspondent. Series 24 contains photographs. Series 25 contains artifacts and ephemera. Series 26 contains audiovisual materials which have also been physically separated from the rest of the collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English"],"names_coll_ssim":["College of William and Mary. Dept. of English"],"persname_ssim":["Bram, Christopher, 1952-"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","College of William and Mary. Dept. of English","Bram, Christopher, 1952-"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":747,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:04:22.909Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8677_c23_c272"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c5972","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"West, Brent F., 2011","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c5972#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eDissertation\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c5972#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c5972","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c5972"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c5972","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01","parent_ssim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects, 1973/2012"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"West, Brent F.","title_ssm":["West, Brent F."],"title_tesim":["West, Brent F."],"normalized_title_ssm":["West, Brent F., 2011"],"text":["West, Brent F., 2011","George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects, 1973/2012","box 392","Dissertation"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects, 1973/2012"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects, 1973/2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2011"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2011"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":5973,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"containers_ssim":["box 392"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[2011],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDissertation\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Dissertation"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#5971","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:34:39.857Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_349.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/","title_ssm":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"title_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1973-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1973-2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"text":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","R0122","/repositories/2/resources/349","Dissertations, Academic","Collection is open to research.","Organized chronologically then alphabetically by last name.","Since becoming an independent university in 1972, George Mason University staff have managed the procedures for writing and submitting theses and dissertations as part of the degree requirements for most graduate programs. Each college manages its own graduate program, and students work with the University Dissertation and Thesis Coordinator in Fenwick Library to submit their work. As of 2013, students only submit electronic theses and dissertations.","Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff.","Special Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University.","The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.","There are no restrictions.","The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.","This collection is located off-site at the WRLC storage facility. Delivery of boxes may take up to two business days, so box requests must be made prior to visiting the Special Collections \u0026 Archives reading room.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["R0122","/repositories/2/resources/349"],"unitid_tesim":["R0122","/repositories/2/resources/349"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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As of 2013, students only submit electronic theses and dissertations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection, Collection #R0122, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection, Collection #R0122, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections and Archives staff.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a529a2c38d121fdde0314d969f333b47\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_373f2e30983497a8d378a6d2d0fc3719\" label=\"Location\"\u003eThis collection is located off-site at the WRLC storage facility. Delivery of boxes may take up to two business days, so box requests must be made prior to visiting the Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives reading room.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["This collection is located off-site at the WRLC storage facility. Delivery of boxes may take up to two business days, so box requests must be made prior to visiting the Special Collections \u0026 Archives reading room."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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(Advanced Reader's Copy), 2011","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235_c05_c40#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235_c05_c40","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235_c05_c40"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235_c05_c40","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235_c05","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235_c05","parent_ssim":["Jerry West Papers, 1938/2016, bulk 1950/2011","Series 5. Printed Material, 1950/2011"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235_c05"],"title_filing_ssi":"West by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life, by Jerry West and Jonathan Coleman. New York: Little, Brown and Co., 2011. Print. (Advanced Reader's Copy)","title_ssm":["West by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life, by Jerry West and Jonathan Coleman. New York: Little, Brown and Co., 2011. Print. (Advanced Reader's Copy)"],"title_tesim":["West by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life, by Jerry West and Jonathan Coleman. New York: Little, Brown and Co., 2011. Print. (Advanced Reader's Copy)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life, by Jerry West and Jonathan Coleman. New York: Little, Brown and Co., 2011. Print. (Advanced Reader's Copy), 2011"],"text":["West by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life, by Jerry West and Jonathan Coleman. New York: Little, Brown and Co., 2011. Print. (Advanced Reader's Copy), 2011","Jerry West Papers, 1938/2016, bulk 1950/2011","Series 5. Printed Material, 1950/2011","Box 11","Folder 6"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Jerry West Papers, 1938/2016, bulk 1950/2011","Series 5. Printed Material, 1950/2011"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Jerry West Papers, 1938/2016, bulk 1950/2011","Series 5. Printed Material, 1950/2011"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2011"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":126,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Jerry West Papers, 1938/2016, bulk 1950/2011"],"containers_ssim":["Box 11","Folder 6"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[2011],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#39","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:10:58.969Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6235.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/199178","title_ssm":["Jerry West Papers"],"title_tesim":["Jerry West Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1938-2016, undated","1950-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2016, undated"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-2011"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1938/2016, bulk 1950/2011"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jerry West Papers, 1938/2016, bulk 1950/2011"],"text":["Jerry West Papers, 1938/2016, bulk 1950/2011","A\u0026M 3884","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6235","Basketball players -- United States -- Biography","Basketball coaches -- United States -- Biography","Basketball managers","Autobiography","Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Jerry Alan West (born May 28, 1938) is a retired basketball player who played his entire professional career for the Los Angeles Lakers of the NBA before turning to coaching and management. He was born in Chelyan, WV to Cecil Sue West and Howard Stewart West. His brother David died in the Korean War.","West played basketball at East Bank High School, excelling enough to be invited to an all-star game in 1956. He then attended WVU, where he boarded in the house of Ann Dinardi and played for the basketball team under Coach Fred Schaus, earning a number of honors and awards.","After graduating in 1960, he began a very successful 14-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers, and co-captained the 1960 U.S. Olympic gold medal team in Rome. His nicknames include \"Mr. Clutch,\" for his ability to make big plays in clutch situations; \"The Logo,\" in reference to his silhouette being used in the NBA logo; and \"Zeke from Cabin Creek,\" for the creek near his birthplace of Chelyan, West Virginia. West married his college sweetheart, Martha Jane Kane, in 1960. They had three sons, David, Michael, and Mark, before divorcing in 1976 or 1977. He married Karen Christine Bua in 1978, and they had two sons, Ryan and Jonnie.","After his playing career, West was head coach of the Lakers from 1976-1979. He then worked as a player-scout for three years, and was inducted into the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame in 1980. He became general manager of the Lakers in 1982, and served as general manager of the Memphis Grizzlies from 2002-2007.","Papers of basketball icon Jerry West and research papers of author Jonathan Coleman for his collaboration on the autobiography of West. Jerry West (born 1938), born in Chelyan, West Virginia, played basketball for West Virginia University (WVU) and rose to fame as a player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA) before turning to basketball coaching and management. The collection includes materials that West loaned to Coleman for use in co-authoring the book West by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life, as well as Coleman's book drafts, various materials he collected for background research, interviews he conducted for the book, and his research notes.","Formats include correspondence, ephemera, typescript and printed book draft manuscripts, clippings, printed material, photographs, video and audio recordings on various media, artifacts, scrapbooks, and digital files, among other materials.","Subjects include West's time at East Bank High School; his college recruitment and basketball career at WVU; his employment with the Lakers; the West by West book; West's career as a basketball coach for the Lakers and manager for the Memphis Grizzlies; his family life; events honoring West; various individuals, including Chick Hearn, Rodney \"Hot Rod\" Hundley, Ann Dinardi, Jerry's brother David West, and the West and Creasey families; and other subjects.","For more information on Jerry West, see the Historical Note.","Two letters separated to A\u0026M 435, Rare Signatures: one from Ronald Reagan to West, 1987; one from Earvin \"Magic\" Johnson to West, 1991.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Papers of basketball icon Jerry West and research papers of author Jonathan Coleman for his collaboration on the autobiography of West. Jerry West, born in Chelyan, West Virginia in 1938, played basketball for West Virginia University (WVU) and rose to fame as a player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA) before turning to basketball coaching and management. The collection includes materials that West loaned to Coleman for use in co-authoring the book West by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life, as well as Coleman's book drafts, various materials he collected for background research, interviews he conducted for the book, and his research notes. Formats include correspondence, ephemera, typescript and printed book draft manuscripts, clippings, printed material, photographs, video and audio recordings on various media, artifacts, scrapbooks, and digital files, among other materials. Subjects include West's time at East Bank High School; his college recruitment and basketball career at WVU; his employment with the Lakers; the West by West book; West's career as a basketball coach for the Lakers and manager for the Memphis Grizzlies; his family life; events honoring West; various individuals, including Chick Hearn, Rodney \"Hot Rod\" Hundley, Ann Dinardi, Jerry's brother David West, and the West and Creasey families; and other subjects. See the Scope and Content Note for more details. For more information on Jerry West, see the Historical Note.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Los Angeles Lakers (Basketball team)","Memphis Grizzlies (Basketball team)","West Virginia Mountaineers (Basketball team)","West, Jerry, 1938-","Coleman, Jonathan","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Jerry West Papers, 1938/2016, bulk 1950/2011"],"collection_ssim":["Jerry West Papers, 1938/2016, bulk 1950/2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3884","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6235"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3884","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6235"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["West, Jerry, 1938-","Coleman, Jonathan"],"creator_ssim":["West, Jerry, 1938-","Coleman, Jonathan"],"creator_persname_ssim":["West, Jerry, 1938-","Coleman, Jonathan"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Los Angeles Lakers (Basketball team)","Memphis Grizzlies (Basketball team)","West Virginia Mountaineers (Basketball team)"],"creators_ssim":["West, Jerry, 1938-","Coleman, Jonathan","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Los Angeles Lakers (Basketball team)","Memphis Grizzlies (Basketball team)","West Virginia Mountaineers (Basketball team)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired from Jerry West, 2013/01/03"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Basketball players -- United States -- Biography","Basketball coaches -- United States -- Biography","Basketball managers","Autobiography"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Basketball players -- United States -- Biography","Basketball coaches -- United States -- Biography","Basketball managers","Autobiography"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["19.1 Linear Feet 19 feet 1/2 in. (6 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (18 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 large flat storage boxes, 4 in. each); (6 large flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (1 large flat storage box; 2 in.); (1 large flat storage box; 3 in.); (3 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each); (4 large flat storage boxes, 3 1/2 in. each); (1 artifact box, 4 1/2 in.); (4 records cartons, 15 in. each)","213 Gigabytes 2617 files, formats primarily include .jpg, .tif, .wav, .wma, .iso, .mp4, .pdf"],"extent_tesim":["19.1 Linear Feet 19 feet 1/2 in. (6 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (18 document cases, 5 in. each); (4 large flat storage boxes, 4 in. each); (6 large flat storage boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (1 large flat storage box; 2 in.); (1 large flat storage box; 3 in.); (3 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each); (4 large flat storage boxes, 3 1/2 in. each); (1 artifact box, 4 1/2 in.); (4 records cartons, 15 in. each)","213 Gigabytes 2617 files, formats primarily include .jpg, .tif, .wav, .wma, .iso, .mp4, .pdf"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJerry Alan West (born May 28, 1938) is a retired basketball player who played his entire professional career for the Los Angeles Lakers of the NBA before turning to coaching and management. He was born in Chelyan, WV to Cecil Sue West and Howard Stewart West. His brother David died in the Korean War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  West played basketball at East Bank High School, excelling enough to be invited to an all-star game in 1956. He then attended WVU, where he boarded in the house of Ann Dinardi and played for the basketball team under Coach Fred Schaus, earning a number of honors and awards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  After graduating in 1960, he began a very successful 14-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers, and co-captained the 1960 U.S. Olympic gold medal team in Rome. His nicknames include \"Mr. Clutch,\" for his ability to make big plays in clutch situations; \"The Logo,\" in reference to his silhouette being used in the NBA logo; and \"Zeke from Cabin Creek,\" for the creek near his birthplace of Chelyan, West Virginia. West married his college sweetheart, Martha Jane Kane, in 1960. They had three sons, David, Michael, and Mark, before divorcing in 1976 or 1977. He married Karen Christine Bua in 1978, and they had two sons, Ryan and Jonnie.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  After his playing career, West was head coach of the Lakers from 1976-1979. He then worked as a player-scout for three years, and was inducted into the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame in 1980. He became general manager of the Lakers in 1982, and served as general manager of the Memphis Grizzlies from 2002-2007.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jerry Alan West (born May 28, 1938) is a retired basketball player who played his entire professional career for the Los Angeles Lakers of the NBA before turning to coaching and management. He was born in Chelyan, WV to Cecil Sue West and Howard Stewart West. His brother David died in the Korean War.","West played basketball at East Bank High School, excelling enough to be invited to an all-star game in 1956. He then attended WVU, where he boarded in the house of Ann Dinardi and played for the basketball team under Coach Fred Schaus, earning a number of honors and awards.","After graduating in 1960, he began a very successful 14-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers, and co-captained the 1960 U.S. Olympic gold medal team in Rome. His nicknames include \"Mr. Clutch,\" for his ability to make big plays in clutch situations; \"The Logo,\" in reference to his silhouette being used in the NBA logo; and \"Zeke from Cabin Creek,\" for the creek near his birthplace of Chelyan, West Virginia. West married his college sweetheart, Martha Jane Kane, in 1960. They had three sons, David, Michael, and Mark, before divorcing in 1976 or 1977. He married Karen Christine Bua in 1978, and they had two sons, Ryan and Jonnie.","After his playing career, West was head coach of the Lakers from 1976-1979. He then worked as a player-scout for three years, and was inducted into the Naismith Basketball Hall of Fame in 1980. He became general manager of the Lakers in 1982, and served as general manager of the Memphis Grizzlies from 2002-2007."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Jerry West Papers, A\u0026amp;M 3884, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Jerry West Papers, A\u0026M 3884, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of basketball icon Jerry West and research papers of author Jonathan Coleman for his collaboration on the autobiography of West. Jerry West (born 1938), born in Chelyan, West Virginia, played basketball for West Virginia University (WVU) and rose to fame as a player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA) before turning to basketball coaching and management. The collection includes materials that West loaned to Coleman for use in co-authoring the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life\u003c/emph\u003e, as well as Coleman's book drafts, various materials he collected for background research, interviews he conducted for the book, and his research notes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Formats include correspondence, ephemera, typescript and printed book draft manuscripts, clippings, printed material, photographs, video and audio recordings on various media, artifacts, scrapbooks, and digital files, among other materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  Subjects include West's time at East Bank High School; his college recruitment and basketball career at WVU; his employment with the Lakers; the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest by West\u003c/emph\u003e book; West's career as a basketball coach for the Lakers and manager for the Memphis Grizzlies; his family life; events honoring West; various individuals, including Chick Hearn, Rodney \"Hot Rod\" Hundley, Ann Dinardi, Jerry's brother David West, and the West and Creasey families; and other subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e  For more information on Jerry West, see the Historical Note.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Papers of basketball icon Jerry West and research papers of author Jonathan Coleman for his collaboration on the autobiography of West. Jerry West (born 1938), born in Chelyan, West Virginia, played basketball for West Virginia University (WVU) and rose to fame as a player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA) before turning to basketball coaching and management. The collection includes materials that West loaned to Coleman for use in co-authoring the book West by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life, as well as Coleman's book drafts, various materials he collected for background research, interviews he conducted for the book, and his research notes.","Formats include correspondence, ephemera, typescript and printed book draft manuscripts, clippings, printed material, photographs, video and audio recordings on various media, artifacts, scrapbooks, and digital files, among other materials.","Subjects include West's time at East Bank High School; his college recruitment and basketball career at WVU; his employment with the Lakers; the West by West book; West's career as a basketball coach for the Lakers and manager for the Memphis Grizzlies; his family life; events honoring West; various individuals, including Chick Hearn, Rodney \"Hot Rod\" Hundley, Ann Dinardi, Jerry's brother David West, and the West and Creasey families; and other subjects.","For more information on Jerry West, see the Historical Note."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo letters separated to A\u0026amp;M 435, Rare Signatures: one from Ronald Reagan to West, 1987; one from Earvin \"Magic\" Johnson to West, 1991.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two letters separated to A\u0026M 435, Rare Signatures: one from Ronald Reagan to West, 1987; one from Earvin \"Magic\" Johnson to West, 1991."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_991a873191d208826d27ddc92d55b845\"\u003ePapers of basketball icon Jerry West and research papers of author Jonathan Coleman for his collaboration on the autobiography of West. Jerry West, born in Chelyan, West Virginia in 1938, played basketball for West Virginia University (WVU) and rose to fame as a player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA) before turning to basketball coaching and management. The collection includes materials that West loaned to Coleman for use in co-authoring the book \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eWest by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life\u003c/emph\u003e, as well as Coleman's book drafts, various materials he collected for background research, interviews he conducted for the book, and his research notes. Formats include correspondence, ephemera, typescript and printed book draft manuscripts, clippings, printed material, photographs, video and audio recordings on various media, artifacts, scrapbooks, and digital files, among other materials. Subjects include West's time at East Bank High School; his college recruitment and basketball career at WVU; his employment with the Lakers; the \u003ctitle\u003eWest by West\u003c/title\u003e book; West's career as a basketball coach for the Lakers and manager for the Memphis Grizzlies; his family life; events honoring West; various individuals, including Chick Hearn, Rodney \"Hot Rod\" Hundley, Ann Dinardi, Jerry's brother David West, and the West and Creasey families; and other subjects. See the Scope and Content Note for more details. For more information on Jerry West, see the Historical Note.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Papers of basketball icon Jerry West and research papers of author Jonathan Coleman for his collaboration on the autobiography of West. Jerry West, born in Chelyan, West Virginia in 1938, played basketball for West Virginia University (WVU) and rose to fame as a player for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA) before turning to basketball coaching and management. The collection includes materials that West loaned to Coleman for use in co-authoring the book West by West: My Charmed, Tormented Life, as well as Coleman's book drafts, various materials he collected for background research, interviews he conducted for the book, and his research notes. Formats include correspondence, ephemera, typescript and printed book draft manuscripts, clippings, printed material, photographs, video and audio recordings on various media, artifacts, scrapbooks, and digital files, among other materials. Subjects include West's time at East Bank High School; his college recruitment and basketball career at WVU; his employment with the Lakers; the West by West book; West's career as a basketball coach for the Lakers and manager for the Memphis Grizzlies; his family life; events honoring West; various individuals, including Chick Hearn, Rodney \"Hot Rod\" Hundley, Ann Dinardi, Jerry's brother David West, and the West and Creasey families; and other subjects. See the Scope and Content Note for more details. For more information on Jerry West, see the Historical Note."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e74daa8cab78b06454be629edf189850\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Los Angeles Lakers (Basketball team)","Memphis Grizzlies (Basketball team)","West Virginia Mountaineers (Basketball team)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Los Angeles Lakers (Basketball team)","Memphis Grizzlies (Basketball team)","West Virginia Mountaineers (Basketball team)","West, Jerry, 1938-","Coleman, Jonathan"],"persname_ssim":["West, Jerry, 1938-","Coleman, Jonathan"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Los Angeles Lakers (Basketball team)","Memphis Grizzlies (Basketball team)","West Virginia Mountaineers (Basketball team)","West, Jerry, 1938-","Coleman, Jonathan"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":339,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:10:58.969Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6235_c05_c40"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9994","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"West-Callis family papers, 1825/2020","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9994#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondents, a diary, genealogy, photographs, and printed materials, documenting the West-Callis family. The West-Callis family is a Virginia family, that includes Georgianna Calllis, daughter of William Callis and Elizabeth (Simmons) of Norfolk, Virginia. Her husband Albert West, who served in the Confederate Army building arsenals.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9994#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9994","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9994","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9994","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9994","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9994.xml","title_filing_ssi":"West-Callis family papers","title_ssm":["West-Callis family papers"],"title_tesim":["West-Callis family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1825/2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West-Callis family papers, 1825/2020"],"text":["West-Callis family papers, 1825/2020","MS 00418","/repositories/2/resources/9994","American Civil War, 1861-1865","Diaries","Cabinet photographs","Photographs","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The West-Callis family papers is arranged in five series. Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Photographs, Series III. Personal papers, Series IV. Printed materials, and Series V. Writings.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","The collection contains correspondents, a diary, genealogy, photographs, and printed materials, documenting the West-Callis family. The West-Callis family is a Virginia family, that includes Georgianna Calllis, daughter of William Callis and Elizabeth (Simmons) of Norfolk, Virginia. Her husband Albert West, who served in the Confederate Army building arsenals.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["West-Callis family papers, 1825/2020"],"collection_ssim":["West-Callis family papers, 1825/2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00418","/repositories/2/resources/9994"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00418","/repositories/2/resources/9994"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Cheryl A. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe West-Callis family papers is arranged in five series. Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Photographs, Series III. Personal papers, Series IV. Printed materials, and Series V. 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We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWest-Callis family papers, Special Collection Research Center, William and Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["West-Callis family papers, Special Collection Research Center, William and Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondents, a diary, genealogy, photographs, and printed materials, documenting the West-Callis family. The West-Callis family is a Virginia family, that includes Georgianna Calllis, daughter of William Callis and Elizabeth (Simmons) of Norfolk, Virginia. Her husband Albert West, who served in the Confederate Army building arsenals.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondents, a diary, genealogy, photographs, and printed materials, documenting the West-Callis family. The West-Callis family is a Virginia family, that includes Georgianna Calllis, daughter of William Callis and Elizabeth (Simmons) of Norfolk, Virginia. Her husband Albert West, who served in the Confederate Army building arsenals."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:06:02.855Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9994","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9994","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9994","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9994","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9994.xml","title_filing_ssi":"West-Callis family papers","title_ssm":["West-Callis family papers"],"title_tesim":["West-Callis family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1825-2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1825-2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1825/2020"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West-Callis family papers, 1825/2020"],"text":["West-Callis family papers, 1825/2020","MS 00418","/repositories/2/resources/9994","American Civil War, 1861-1865","Diaries","Cabinet photographs","Photographs","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The West-Callis family papers is arranged in five series. Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Photographs, Series III. Personal papers, Series IV. Printed materials, and Series V. Writings.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' archival, digital and physical collections may contain content with harmful language or difficult subject matters. We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world.","The collection contains correspondents, a diary, genealogy, photographs, and printed materials, documenting the West-Callis family. The West-Callis family is a Virginia family, that includes Georgianna Calllis, daughter of William Callis and Elizabeth (Simmons) of Norfolk, Virginia. Her husband Albert West, who served in the Confederate Army building arsenals.","Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["West-Callis family papers, 1825/2020"],"collection_ssim":["West-Callis family papers, 1825/2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00418","/repositories/2/resources/9994"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00418","/repositories/2/resources/9994"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Cheryl A. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe West-Callis family papers is arranged in five series. Series I. Correspondence, Series II. Photographs, Series III. Personal papers, Series IV. Printed materials, and Series V. 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We strive for transparency in making these materials available for teaching and research, but we do not endorse the attitudes, prejudices or behaviors found within them.","William \u0026 Mary Libraries' perspective on harmful content and language aligns with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), Digital Public Library of America (DPLA) and university libraries around the world."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWest-Callis family papers, Special Collection Research Center, William and Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["West-Callis family papers, Special Collection Research Center, William and Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondents, a diary, genealogy, photographs, and printed materials, documenting the West-Callis family. The West-Callis family is a Virginia family, that includes Georgianna Calllis, daughter of William Callis and Elizabeth (Simmons) of Norfolk, Virginia. Her husband Albert West, who served in the Confederate Army building arsenals.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondents, a diary, genealogy, photographs, and printed materials, documenting the West-Callis family. The West-Callis family is a Virginia family, that includes Georgianna Calllis, daughter of William Callis and Elizabeth (Simmons) of Norfolk, Virginia. Her husband Albert West, who served in the Confederate Army building arsenals."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before publishing quotations or excerpts from any materials, permission must be obtained from the Curator of Manuscripts and Rare Books, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":11,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:06:02.855Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9994"}},{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147_c01_c49","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"West Coast Avengers, Nos. 1-2, Marvel Comics, 2011","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_147_c01_c49#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147_c01_c49","ref_ssm":["viur_repositories_4_resources_147_c01_c49"],"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147_c01_c49","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147_c01","parent_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147_c01","parent_ssim":["Comic Book Collection, 1976/2024","Series I: Comic Books, 1976/2024"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viur_repositories_4_resources_147","viur_repositories_4_resources_147_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"West Coast Avengers, Nos. 1-2, Marvel Comics","title_ssm":["West Coast Avengers, Nos. 1-2, Marvel Comics"],"title_tesim":["West Coast Avengers, Nos. 1-2, Marvel Comics"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West Coast Avengers, Nos. 1-2, Marvel Comics, 2011"],"text":["West Coast Avengers, Nos. 1-2, Marvel Comics, 2011","Comic Book Collection, 1976/2024","Series I: Comic Books, 1976/2024","box 2","folder 130-131"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Comic Book Collection, 1976/2024","Series I: Comic Books, 1976/2024"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Comic Book Collection, 1976/2024","Series I: Comic Books, 1976/2024"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2011"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2011"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":50,"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"collection_ssim":["Comic Book Collection, 1976/2024"],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 130-131"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply.  Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"date_range_isim":[2011],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#48","timestamp":"2026-08-14T23:00:05.988Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147","ead_ssi":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147","_root_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147","_nest_parent_":"viur_repositories_4_resources_147","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/RICH/repositories_4_resources_147.xml","title_ssm":["Comic Book Collection"],"title_tesim":["Comic Book Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1976-1978, 1984-2024"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1976-1978, 1984-2024"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/2024"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Comic Book Collection, 1976/2024"],"text":["Comic Book Collection, 1976/2024","MS-76","/repositories/4/resources/147","Newspapers -- Sections, columns, etc. -- Comics","There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection.","The collection is arranged in two series:","Series I: Comic Books\n      Series II: Graphic Novels and Trade Paperbacks","Processed in September 2024 by Matt Perelli, Processing and Reference Archivist.","Additional graphic novels are available in the circulating collection.","Copyright restrictions may apply.  Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","This collection contains comic books, graphic novels and trade paperbacks.  Fifty-seven titles from 21 different publishers are represented.","University of Richmond","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Comic Book Collection, 1976/2024"],"collection_ssim":["Comic Book Collection, 1976/2024"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS-76","/repositories/4/resources/147"],"unitid_tesim":["MS-76","/repositories/4/resources/147"],"repository_ssm":["University of Richmond"],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"creators_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"access_terms_ssm":["Copyright restrictions may apply.  Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Newspapers -- Sections, columns, etc. -- Comics"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Newspapers -- Sections, columns, etc. -- Comics"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.5 Linear Feet 3 comic book boxes."],"extent_tesim":["3.5 Linear Feet 3 comic book boxes."],"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on accessing material in this collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in two series:\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"upperroman\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries I: Comic Books\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries II: Graphic Novels and Trade Paperbacks\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in two series:","Series I: Comic Books\n      Series II: Graphic Novels and Trade Paperbacks"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-76, Comic Book Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026amp; Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-76, Comic Book Collection, Book Arts, Archives, \u0026 Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed in September 2024 by Matt Perelli, Processing and Reference Archivist.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed in September 2024 by Matt Perelli, Processing and Reference Archivist."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional graphic novels are available in the circulating collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional graphic novels are available in the circulating collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply.  Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply.  Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_34bf4f123722528fcd33ffee97d48e8e\"\u003eThis collection contains comic books, graphic novels and trade paperbacks.  Fifty-seven titles from 21 different publishers are represented.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains comic books, graphic novels and trade paperbacks.  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Nearly thirty years later, in 1993, the University of Virginia School of Nursing established a grant-funded Community Nursing Center at Westhaven intended to provide primary healthcare to residents in addition to offering clinical education programs for the school's nursing students as well as opportunities for clinical research projects. The completion of the grant in the spring of 2000 led to the center's closure. A significant collection of materials concerning the clinic during this period may be found in the Bjoring Center's Doris Glick Papers.","Since the Community Nursing Center's usefulness to public-housing and low-income residents had been amply demonstrated over the years of the UVA School-of-Nursing-sponsored project, a group of concerned citizens, public agencies, organizations, and churches united to form the Westhaven Clinic Coalition in May of 2000, with the objective to reopen the clinic and develop strategies to sustain its continued operations. The Virginia Organizing Project agreed to serve as funding conduit and financial manager for the clinic, and along with substantial assistance from the Public Housing Association of Residents (PHAR), the UVA Women's Place, the Sexual Assault Resource Agency (SARA), Martha Jefferson Hospital, Westminster Presbyterian Church, Trinity Episcopal Church, and the Charlottesville Redevelopment and Housing Authority (CRHA), the clinic reopened, largely with volunteer labor, in August of 2000. With the sustained assistance of numerous additional individuals and entities, the Westhaven Clinic expanded operations and continues to provide nursing services, health and life skills information, access to resources, and a strong sense of community for the residents of Westhaven and others.","The Westhaven Clinic Papers, taken as a whole, constitute an ideal model of a successful, health-based community organizing project. While materials span a roughly two-decade period between the late 1990s and 2020 — encompassing the final years of the clinic's formal University of Virginia School of Nursing sponsorship — the bulk of the papers centers on the first five years of the clinic's successor incarnation, led by the Westhaven Coalition. Of particular importance are extensive correspondence records for each of these five years, 2000 to 2004. These detail every aspect of the organization campaign, including consideration of the clinic's mission and activities, its potential sponsors and funding sources, and its personnel and management. Included also for this period are detailed budgetary and financial statements as well as a nearly complete collection of the Coalition meeting agendas and minutes, again with greatest representation in this first five-year window. A series of clinic operations folders detail activities and resources available to clinic visitors, along with limited management and charting strategies and an immunization campaign that terminated with the closure of the UVA-sponsored facility. Statistical reports trace clinic usage for selected years. A small portion of material concerns the faith-based parish-nursing model of operations that characterized the clinic during this initial phase, particularly under the leadership of Holly Kerr Edwards, RN, of the Martha Jefferson Hospital, who also served as a Charlottesville city council member and vice mayor before her untimely passing at age 56 in 2017.","Public Health Nursing. 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The Virginia Organizing Project agreed to serve as funding conduit and financial manager for the clinic, and along with substantial assistance from the Public Housing Association of Residents (PHAR), the UVA Women's Place, the Sexual Assault Resource Agency (SARA), Martha Jefferson Hospital, Westminster Presbyterian Church, Trinity Episcopal Church, and the Charlottesville Redevelopment and Housing Authority (CRHA), the clinic reopened, largely with volunteer labor, in August of 2000. With the sustained assistance of numerous additional individuals and entities, the Westhaven Clinic expanded operations and continues to provide nursing services, health and life skills information, access to resources, and a strong sense of community for the residents of Westhaven and others.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Charlottesville, Virginia, Westhaven Public Housing project opened to residents on December 14, 1964. 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The Virginia Organizing Project agreed to serve as funding conduit and financial manager for the clinic, and along with substantial assistance from the Public Housing Association of Residents (PHAR), the UVA Women's Place, the Sexual Assault Resource Agency (SARA), Martha Jefferson Hospital, Westminster Presbyterian Church, Trinity Episcopal Church, and the Charlottesville Redevelopment and Housing Authority (CRHA), the clinic reopened, largely with volunteer labor, in August of 2000. With the sustained assistance of numerous additional individuals and entities, the Westhaven Clinic expanded operations and continues to provide nursing services, health and life skills information, access to resources, and a strong sense of community for the residents of Westhaven and others."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Westhaven Clinic Papers, taken as a whole, constitute an ideal model of a successful, health-based community organizing project. 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A series of clinic operations folders detail activities and resources available to clinic visitors, along with limited management and charting strategies and an immunization campaign that terminated with the closure of the UVA-sponsored facility. Statistical reports trace clinic usage for selected years. A small portion of material concerns the faith-based parish-nursing model of operations that characterized the clinic during this initial phase, particularly under the leadership of Holly Kerr Edwards, RN, of the Martha Jefferson Hospital, who also served as a Charlottesville city council member and vice mayor before her untimely passing at age 56 in 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Westhaven Clinic Papers, taken as a whole, constitute an ideal model of a successful, health-based community organizing project. 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A series of clinic operations folders detail activities and resources available to clinic visitors, along with limited management and charting strategies and an immunization campaign that terminated with the closure of the UVA-sponsored facility. Statistical reports trace clinic usage for selected years. A small portion of material concerns the faith-based parish-nursing model of operations that characterized the clinic during this initial phase, particularly under the leadership of Holly Kerr Edwards, RN, of the Martha Jefferson Hospital, who also served as a Charlottesville city council member and vice mayor before her untimely passing at age 56 in 2017."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f2b10c4dc1e84bc791642a5b6d6987d1\"\u003ePublic Health Nursing. Charlottesville public housing complex primary care nursing facility.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Public Health Nursing. 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The Virginia Organizing Project agreed to serve as funding conduit and financial manager for the clinic, and along with substantial assistance from the Public Housing Association of Residents (PHAR), the UVA Women's Place, the Sexual Assault Resource Agency (SARA), Martha Jefferson Hospital, Westminster Presbyterian Church, Trinity Episcopal Church, and the Charlottesville Redevelopment and Housing Authority (CRHA), the clinic reopened, largely with volunteer labor, in August of 2000. With the sustained assistance of numerous additional individuals and entities, the Westhaven Clinic expanded operations and continues to provide nursing services, health and life skills information, access to resources, and a strong sense of community for the residents of Westhaven and others.","The Westhaven Clinic Papers, taken as a whole, constitute an ideal model of a successful, health-based community organizing project. 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A series of clinic operations folders detail activities and resources available to clinic visitors, along with limited management and charting strategies and an immunization campaign that terminated with the closure of the UVA-sponsored facility. Statistical reports trace clinic usage for selected years. A small portion of material concerns the faith-based parish-nursing model of operations that characterized the clinic during this initial phase, particularly under the leadership of Holly Kerr Edwards, RN, of the Martha Jefferson Hospital, who also served as a Charlottesville city council member and vice mayor before her untimely passing at age 56 in 2017.","Public Health Nursing. 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A series of clinic operations folders detail activities and resources available to clinic visitors, along with limited management and charting strategies and an immunization campaign that terminated with the closure of the UVA-sponsored facility. Statistical reports trace clinic usage for selected years. A small portion of material concerns the faith-based parish-nursing model of operations that characterized the clinic during this initial phase, particularly under the leadership of Holly Kerr Edwards, RN, of the Martha Jefferson Hospital, who also served as a Charlottesville city council member and vice mayor before her untimely passing at age 56 in 2017."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_f2b10c4dc1e84bc791642a5b6d6987d1\"\u003ePublic Health Nursing. Charlottesville public housing complex primary care nursing facility.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Public Health Nursing. Charlottesville public housing complex primary care nursing facility."],"corpname_ssim":["The Eleanor Crowder Bjoring Center for Nursing Historical Inquiry"],"names_ssim":["The Eleanor Crowder Bjoring Center for Nursing Historical Inquiry"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:55:09.453Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_8_resources_1587"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c852","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"West Virginia Air Service Summit #1, 1985/2014","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c852#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eEvent(s): West Virginia Air Service Summit. Notes: TRT=1:54:17. Videocassette label indicates welcoming remarks by Governor Underwood and Senator Rockefeller.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c852#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c852","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c852"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c852","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01","parent_ssim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014","III. Press, 1960/2014","E. Audiovisual materials, 1960/2013, bulk 1984/2013","VHS"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"West Virginia Air Service Summit #1","title_ssm":["West Virginia Air Service Summit #1"],"title_tesim":["West Virginia Air Service Summit #1"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West Virginia Air Service Summit #1, 1985/2014"],"text":["West Virginia Air Service Summit #1, 1985/2014","Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014","III. Press, 1960/2014","E. Audiovisual materials, 1960/2013, bulk 1984/2013","VHS","Box III.E. - 7","Event(s): West Virginia Air Service Summit. Notes: TRT=1:54:17. Videocassette label indicates welcoming remarks by Governor Underwood and Senator Rockefeller."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014","III. Press, 1960/2014","E. Audiovisual materials, 1960/2013, bulk 1984/2013","VHS"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014","III. Press, 1960/2014","E. Audiovisual materials, 1960/2013, bulk 1984/2013","VHS"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1985/2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["undated"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[4],"sort_isi":2358,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014"],"containers_ssim":["Box III.E. - 7"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Access to audiovisual items may be arranged in the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reading room depending on the format. Advance notice is required."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials may contain sensitive or private information. Researchers may use data collected from these materials in the statistical aggregate or as an example to illustrate a theme. No identifying information should point to specific individuals or families mentioned in the files.","Materials produced by public servants while carrying out official duties are not copyrighted. Materials created outside of official duties, including diaries, personal correspondence, and campaign materials, are protected by copyright. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center."],"date_range_isim":[1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEvent(s): West Virginia Air Service Summit. Notes: TRT=1:54:17. Videocassette label indicates welcoming remarks by Governor Underwood and Senator Rockefeller.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Event(s): West Virginia Air Service Summit. Notes: TRT=1:54:17. Videocassette label indicates welcoming remarks by Governor Underwood and Senator Rockefeller."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#4/components#0/components#851","timestamp":"2026-09-01T16:09:20.190Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/177420","title_ssm":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers"],"title_tesim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-2015","1985-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2015"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1985-2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014"],"text":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014","A\u0026M 4050","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","West Virginia -- Politics and government","National security","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party","United States. Congress -- History -- 20th century","United States. Congress -- Archives","Steel industry and trade","Wireless communication systems -- Law and legislation","Child welfare","Coal miners--West Virginia","Veterans--United States","Health care reform -- United States","Coal mines and mining -- Law and legislation -- United States","Politicians -- United States","The majority of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are closed until 2035. Permission to access materials prior to 2035 may be given at the donor's discretion.","Materials previously made publicly available, such as speeches, press releases, photographs, press interviews, clippings, and publications are open for research.","The collection is stored off-site. Researchers should contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center prior to visiting to ensure materials are available.","Some digital materials are available on our online John D. Rockefeller database.","The papers are arranged into six subgroups, and each subgroup is further arranged into series. Digital materials received on external hard drives, USB flash drives, floppy disks, CDs, and DVDs are arranged in the appropriate series and reflect the arrangement of the paper records.","Senator John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV served the people and state of West Virginia for more than 50 years. Rockefeller came to West Virginia in 1964 as a VISTA volunteer in the small community of Emmons, an experience that shaped his extensive career in public service. He served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); President of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). In 1984 he was elected to the United States Senate and was reelected four times, in 1990, 1996, 2002, and 2008, before retiring in 2015.","Jay Rockefeller was born in New York, New York, on June 18, 1937, to philanthropists John Davison Rockefeller III and Blanchette Ferry Hooker. He is the great-grandson of John D. Rockefeller, founder of the Standard Oil Company, and nephew of businessman and politician Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller. Jay Rockefeller graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy, New Hampshire, in 1955, and graduated from Harvard University in 1961 with a B.A. in Far Eastern Languages and History. In his junior year at Harvard, he attended the International Christian University in Tokyo, Japan, and he spent three years studying Japanese.","In 1964, Rockefeller joined the newly formed national service program Volunteers In Service to America (VISTA) aimed at fighting poverty. He served in Emmons, WV, a small mining community located in Boone and Kanawha Counties, for two years. His efforts in Emmons included starting a Little League baseball team, extending school bus service to the rural area, and providing transportation to dental clinics. He built a community center and obtained access to mobile health screenings for women.","Rockefeller entered politics in 1966 as a Kanawha County candidate for the West Virginia House of Delegates. He changed his party affiliation to Democrat, breaking with the family's traditional affiliation with the Republican Party.","In 1967, Rockefeller married Sharon Lee Percy, daughter of U.S. Senator Charles Percy of Illinois. Their Chicago wedding was featured on the cover of Life magazine. They had four children: John Davison (Jamie) V, Valerie, Charles, and Justin Aldrich.","He ran for West Virginia Secretary of State in 1968, winning the election against Republican John Callebs. As Secretary of State, Rockefeller pushed for election law reform and broke up several county Democratic political machines. He was successful in making elections more transparent and in reducing instances of election fraud by removing the names of deceased people from the state's official list of registered voters.","Rockefeller announced his candidacy for governor of West Virginia in 1972 against incumbent Republican Governor Arch Moore. Moore won reelection by 72,000 votes.","Within months of his defeat, Rockefeller was named president of West Virginia Wesleyan College, located in Buckhannon, WV. Some of his biggest accomplishments include increasing enrollment, creating an active recruitment campaign, and streamlining operations. He submitted a letter of resignation to the College in 1975 to prepare for the next gubernatorial election, for which he campaigned throughout 1976.","Rockefeller's second run for governor was successful: he beat Republican candidate Cecil Underwood by more than 242,000 votes, the largest majority in state history. Natural disaster, strikes, and a worsening economy posed serious challenges during his years as governor. In the spring of 1977, major spring floods in the southern West Virginia counties of McDowell, Wayne, Logan, and Ming wiped entire towns away, and made safe housing above flood plains a focus of Rockefeller's administration.","The same year saw the beginning of the 111-day national Bituminous Coal Strike of 1977-1978 led by the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) and the AFL-CIO. Rockefeller refused to call upon the National Guard to suppress the miners' strike. At its conclusion, President Jimmy Carter appointed Rockefeller to lead the first major federal study of coal mining in America in three decades. Rockefeller served as chair of the President's Commission on Coal and pushed for a national energy strategy that included Appalachian coal. He also created the West Virginia Board of Coal Mine Health and Safety, reorganized state agencies, and set up senior centers statewide.","In 1980, Rockefeller ran for a second term as governor, again facing Republican Arch Moore, and won by 64,000 votes. Rockefeller faced another challenging four years and worked to maintain the state's economy as the federal government cut funding in the midst of an economic downturn, industries struggled to remain open, and unemployment rates across the state rose.","At the end of his governorship, Rockefeller ran for the United States Senate as a Democrat against businessman John Raese of Morgantown, WV. Rockefeller won the 1984 election by four percentage points and went on to fill the seat left vacant after long-time Senator Jennings Randolph retired.","Rockefeller began his service in the U.S. Senate on January 15, 1985, and served until 2015. He became a leading champion for health care reform, an advocate for improving the lives of children and working families, and a supporter of the nation's soldiers, veterans, and senior citizens. He served as chair of the Committee on Veterans Affairs (1993-1994, 2001-2003); the Select Committee on Intelligence (2007-2009); the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation (2009-2015); and the Committee on Finance Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (1989-1994, 2001-2003, 2007-2014). He also served as vice-chair of the Select Committee on Intelligence (2003-2006).","He held additional leadership positions as chairman on the Pepper Commission (1987-1990), the U.S. Senate Steel Caucus (1989-1994, 2013-2015, co-chair 1995-2013), the National Commission on Children (1989-1993), and the Democratic Technology and Communications Committee (1995-2003). He was also a member of several Senate groups, including the Steering Committee on Democratic Policy, the Alternative Fuels Council, and the Coal Caucus.","Influenced by his two years in Emmons, WV, Rockefeller championed health care issues, and health care reform throughout his Senate career. He supported measures to improve and modernize Medicare, expand access to health care, and increase health coverage for children, authoring the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP). He introduced and co-sponsored more than 2,000 pieces of major health-related legislation and provided leadership and policy on health care reform for both the Clinton and Obama administrations. During the latter, he contributed to the successful passage of the Affordable Care Act and was a proponent of providing people with a not-for-profit insurance company backed by the government, commonly known as a public option.","He was appointed to the Senate Finance Committee and its Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (later known as the Subcommittee on Health Care) in 1987 and served as chairman of the Subcommittee and ranking member until his retirement. In 1987, he also was elected chair of the U.S. Bipartisan Commission on Comprehensive Health Care, also known as the Pepper Commission, when the commission's original leader, Representative Claude Pepper (D-FL), passed away. The Commission was charged with developing legislation that would provide Americans with comprehensive health and long-term care coverage.","In recognition of his contributions to improving the wellbeing of children and families and supporting education, in 1988, President Ronald Reagan appointed Rockefeller chair of the National Commission on Children. Recommendations made by the Commission centered on the creation of a Child Tax Credit, expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit, and improvement to the federal approach to child welfare. As a member of the Finance Committee, he worked on the tax code to provide better financial support to the middle class and working poor. He sought to toughen child support enforcement laws, improve federal adoption and foster care services, and ensure a safe environment for children in the child welfare system with educational programs aimed at substance abuse prevention and treatment. He also worked for renewed investment in schools, school construction, and teachers, particularly those located in rural and impoverished areas.","Senator Rockefeller was an advocate for veterans' issues, serving on the Veterans' Affairs Committee for the entirety of his Senate career and acting as both chair and ranking minority member. He especially focused on expanding research and treatment for service-related illnesses, such as Gulf War Illness, Agent Orange, and issues relating to Atomic Veterans. He brought attention to treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the reform of the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system.","Throughout his time in the Senate, Rockefeller was deeply involved with issues related to energy, the environment, coal miners, and mine safety. The first bill Rockefeller introduced in the Senate in 1985 was legislation intended to reduce the backlog of pending black lung cases, and he consistently worked to preserve the Black Lung Trust Fund while protecting coal jobs.","In 1992, he introduced the Coal Act to ensure retired miners received health benefits, and he threatened to keep the Senate in session over Christmas if they refused to pass the bill, which he described as a peak moment in his career. The Coal Act was passed as part of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, creating two new health care funds to protect the health benefits of all union coal miners, along with their widows and dependents. In 1995, the UMWA named him an honorary member, a distinction rarely bestowed on an elected official, because of his efforts on behalf of miners.","Following the January 2006 West Virginia Sago and Aracoma mine disasters, which together led to the deaths of 14 men, Rockefeller brought several senators from the Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee to meet with families of the Sago mine workers. Rockefeller then joined Committee Chair Senator Mike Enzi (R-WY) and Ranking Member Senator Ted Kennedy (D-MA) in drafting the MINER Act, which was signed into law in June 2006, establishing important new mine safety regulations.","Senator Rockefeller served on the Senate Select Intelligence Committee, 2001-2014, during critical and difficult years for the SSCI and the intelligence community. In January 2001, then-Democratic leader Tom Daschle (D-SD) appointed Rockefeller to the Committee. Eight months later the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks occurred. In the months following the attacks, the United States launched operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, and in March 2003, invaded Iraq. These events changed the nature and conduct of intelligence oversight. During Rockefeller's tenure on the committee, and particularly during his time as vice chairman and chairman, he made significant contributions in key areas, including the 9/11 investigation; the Iraq War and flawed intelligence on weapons of mass destruction; intelligence community reform; surveillance oversight and reform; the CIA's detention and interrogation program; cybersecurity; and the intelligence authorization process.","Rockefeller also made significant contributions to communications policy. He co-authored the Universal Service Program for Schools and Libraries, known as E-Rate, which was authorized as part of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, making telecommunications and information services more affordable for schools and libraries. In 2010, Rockefeller introduced the Public Safety Spectrum Act, which created FirstNet, a nationwide wireless broadband network for the nation's first responders. It was signed into law as part of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012. He also supported net neutrality protections to keep the Internet open and free, and in 2011, he successfully led the Senate Floor against a resolution of disapproval of net neutrality rules.","He also championed the steel industry in West Virginia and the nation, earning him the nickname \"Senator Steel.\" Much of his work, launched largely through his position as co-chair of the Senate Steel Caucus, focused on providing income support and job training to laid-off employees and their families through Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA), working with individual steel companies to mitigate the effects of closure and downsizing, and intervening in steel employee strikes. As a member of both the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on Finance, Rockefeller also addressed concerns about American manufacturing; trade protections and relief for workers negatively impacted by trade; and tax credits supporting research and development and encouraging businesses to build and expand.","For the state of West Virginia, Senator Rockefeller made jobs and economic development a priority. In 1988 he founded the Discover the Real West Virginia Program (DRWV), later formalized as the Discover the Real West Virginia Foundation, which showcased business and investment opportunities in West Virginia. He launched the \"Project Harvest\" trade mission in 1995 to bring state and international business leaders and investors together. Rockefeller's early experiences in Japan and knowledge of the language and culture aided in attracting the Toyota company to the state, resulting in the opening of the Buffalo, WV, plant in 1996. In the ensuing years, more than 20 other Japanese companies followed. Further, he encouraged the growth of the West Virginia tourism and travel industry through legislation that conserved lands, designated scenic areas, and promoted better transportation infrastructure.","In January 2013, Senator Rockefeller announced that he would not seek reelection. In his retirement announcement, he reflected that \"public service demands, and deserves nothing less than every single thing that you have to bring to bear, and that is what I have given.\" As he prepared to leave the Congress in December 2014, his Senate colleagues offered tributes on the Senate Floor recognizing his impressive legislative record, distinguished career, and legacy of compassionate and conscientious service.","Sources:","Grimes, Richard S. \"Jay Rockefeller.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia.","Jay: A Rockefeller's Journey. Produced by Suzanne Higgins and Russ Barbour. 2015. Online video. West Virginia Public Broadcasting.","\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Energy and Environment Issues (Legacy on Energy, Environment and Coal Miners),\" 2014 May 30, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Review of Senator John D. Rockefeller's Service on the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence: 2001-2015,\" 2014 December 17, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Rockefeller, John Davison IV (Jay), (1937 - ).\" Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774-present.","\"Senator Jay Rockefeller Retirement Announcement.\" 2013 January 11, 2013. Online video clip. C-SPAN.","\"Senator Rockefeller's Health Care Accomplishments: 99th-113th Congress Memorandum,\" 2014, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Tributes to John D. Rockefeller.\" 2014 December 4. Congressional Record 160:147 p. S6343. Congress.gov.","\"Veterans' Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 April 11, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\n \n\"West Virginia Wesleyan College Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 October, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Diversifying West Virginia's Economy for the 21st Century (Your Legacy Memo on Jobs and Economic Growth in West Virginia),\" 2014, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Your Legacy on FirstNet – Public Safety Spectrum Act,\" 2014 October 24, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Your Legacy on Net Neutrality,\" 2014 October 3, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","Processed by Danielle Emerling, 2015-\nProcessing assistants: Ashley Brooker, Dzondria Tarver, Leo Gmeindl, Casey DeHaven, Joshua Childs","The Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are in process. The contents of this finding aid will be revised as progress is made on the collection.","The bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career.  The records were maintained by Senator Rockefeller's Washington, DC, office and West Virginia state offices in Charleston, Beckley, Fairmont, and Martinsburg. Record formats include papers, audiovisual materials, born-digital resources, photographs, and memorabilia. The collection consists of approximately 2011 linear feet of paper records and two terabytes of electronic records.","The first subgroup, Constituent Services, reflects the work Senator Rockefeller and his staff performed for the state and people of West Virginia. It consists of constituent casework, issue mail, grant and project files, and academy files.","The second subgroup, Legislative files, is composed of materials related to legislative and committee work. Legislative staff files; subject files; correspondence; committee files; and legislative activities, voting records, and accomplishments comprise this subgroup.","The third subgroup, Press files, illustrates Senator Rockefeller's interactions with the media and outreach to the state of West Virginia and his constituents. It contains press staff files, speeches and statements, press releases, photographs, audiovisual materials, clippings, publications, and newsletters and mailings.","The fourth subgroup, Personal and Political files, consists of Legacy Memos, schedules, personal files and correspondence, campaign files, and trip files.","The fifth subgroup, Office files, contains a small number of office management files.","The sixth subgroup, Memorabilia, consists of a large collection of framed items, plaques, and objects, many of which Senator Rockefeller received as gifts during his service. It contains a large number of foreign gifts, particularly from Japan and Taiwan.","Materials may contain sensitive or private information. Researchers may use data collected from these materials in the statistical aggregate or as an example to illustrate a theme. No identifying information should point to specific individuals or families mentioned in the files.","Materials produced by public servants while carrying out official duties are not copyrighted. Materials created outside of official duties, including diaries, personal correspondence, and campaign materials, are protected by copyright. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center.","John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV (b. 1937) represented West Virginia in the United States Senate for five terms. He was elected as a Democrat to the Ninety-ninth Congress and served from January 15, 1985, to January 3, 2015. He was not a candidate for reelection in 2014. Rockefeller previously served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); president of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). From 1964-1966, he was a volunteer in the Volunteers In Service To America (VISTA) program in Emmons, West Virginia. The bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce","United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs","United States. Congress. Pepper Commission","United States. National Commission on Children","Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-","Rockefeller, Sharon Percy, 1944-","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014"],"collection_ssim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4050","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4050","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","West Virginia -- Politics and government","National security","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","West Virginia -- Politics and government","National security","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","West Virginia -- Politics and government","National security","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"creator_ssm":["Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-"],"creator_ssim":["Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-","Rockefeller, Sharon Percy, 1944-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce","United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs","United States. Congress. Pepper Commission","United States. National Commission on Children"],"creators_ssim":["Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-","Rockefeller, Sharon Percy, 1944-","West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce","United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs","United States. Congress. Pepper Commission","United States. National Commission on Children"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials may contain sensitive or private information. Researchers may use data collected from these materials in the statistical aggregate or as an example to illustrate a theme. No identifying information should point to specific individuals or families mentioned in the files.","Materials produced by public servants while carrying out official duties are not copyrighted. Materials created outside of official duties, including diaries, personal correspondence, and campaign materials, are protected by copyright. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV, 2014-2015"],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States. Congress -- History -- 20th century","United States. Congress -- Archives","Steel industry and trade","Wireless communication systems -- Law and legislation","Child welfare","Coal miners--West Virginia","Veterans--United States","Health care reform -- United States","Coal mines and mining -- Law and legislation -- United States","Politicians -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States. Congress -- History -- 20th century","United States. Congress -- Archives","Steel industry and trade","Wireless communication systems -- Law and legislation","Child welfare","Coal miners--West Virginia","Veterans--United States","Health care reform -- United States","Coal mines and mining -- Law and legislation -- United States","Politicians -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2011 Linear Feet record cartons","2 Terabytes"],"extent_tesim":["2011 Linear Feet record cartons","2 Terabytes"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are closed until 2035. Permission to access materials prior to 2035 may be given at the donor's discretion. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials previously made publicly available, such as speeches, press releases, photographs, press interviews, clippings, and publications are open for research. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is stored off-site. Researchers should contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center prior to visiting to ensure materials are available. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome digital materials are available on our \u003ca href=\"https://rockefeller.lib.wvu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eonline John D. Rockefeller database.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are closed until 2035. Permission to access materials prior to 2035 may be given at the donor's discretion.","Materials previously made publicly available, such as speeches, press releases, photographs, press interviews, clippings, and publications are open for research.","The collection is stored off-site. Researchers should contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center prior to visiting to ensure materials are available.","Some digital materials are available on our online John D. Rockefeller database."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged into six subgroups, and each subgroup is further arranged into series. Digital materials received on external hard drives, USB flash drives, floppy disks, CDs, and DVDs are arranged in the appropriate series and reflect the arrangement of the paper records.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged into six subgroups, and each subgroup is further arranged into series. Digital materials received on external hard drives, USB flash drives, floppy disks, CDs, and DVDs are arranged in the appropriate series and reflect the arrangement of the paper records."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSenator John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV served the people and state of West Virginia for more than 50 years. Rockefeller came to West Virginia in 1964 as a VISTA volunteer in the small community of Emmons, an experience that shaped his extensive career in public service. He served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); President of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). In 1984 he was elected to the United States Senate and was reelected four times, in 1990, 1996, 2002, and 2008, before retiring in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJay Rockefeller was born in New York, New York, on June 18, 1937, to philanthropists John Davison Rockefeller III and Blanchette Ferry Hooker. He is the great-grandson of John D. Rockefeller, founder of the Standard Oil Company, and nephew of businessman and politician Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller. Jay Rockefeller graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy, New Hampshire, in 1955, and graduated from Harvard University in 1961 with a B.A. in Far Eastern Languages and History. In his junior year at Harvard, he attended the International Christian University in Tokyo, Japan, and he spent three years studying Japanese.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1964, Rockefeller joined the newly formed national service program Volunteers In Service to America (VISTA) aimed at fighting poverty. He served in Emmons, WV, a small mining community located in Boone and Kanawha Counties, for two years. His efforts in Emmons included starting a Little League baseball team, extending school bus service to the rural area, and providing transportation to dental clinics. He built a community center and obtained access to mobile health screenings for women.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockefeller entered politics in 1966 as a Kanawha County candidate for the West Virginia House of Delegates. He changed his party affiliation to Democrat, breaking with the family's traditional affiliation with the Republican Party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1967, Rockefeller married Sharon Lee Percy, daughter of U.S. Senator Charles Percy of Illinois. Their Chicago wedding was featured on the cover of Life magazine. They had four children: John Davison (Jamie) V, Valerie, Charles, and Justin Aldrich.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe ran for West Virginia Secretary of State in 1968, winning the election against Republican John Callebs. As Secretary of State, Rockefeller pushed for election law reform and broke up several county Democratic political machines. He was successful in making elections more transparent and in reducing instances of election fraud by removing the names of deceased people from the state's official list of registered voters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockefeller announced his candidacy for governor of West Virginia in 1972 against incumbent Republican Governor Arch Moore. Moore won reelection by 72,000 votes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWithin months of his defeat, Rockefeller was named president of West Virginia Wesleyan College, located in Buckhannon, WV. Some of his biggest accomplishments include increasing enrollment, creating an active recruitment campaign, and streamlining operations. He submitted a letter of resignation to the College in 1975 to prepare for the next gubernatorial election, for which he campaigned throughout 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockefeller's second run for governor was successful: he beat Republican candidate Cecil Underwood by more than 242,000 votes, the largest majority in state history. Natural disaster, strikes, and a worsening economy posed serious challenges during his years as governor. In the spring of 1977, major spring floods in the southern West Virginia counties of McDowell, Wayne, Logan, and Ming wiped entire towns away, and made safe housing above flood plains a focus of Rockefeller's administration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe same year saw the beginning of the 111-day national Bituminous Coal Strike of 1977-1978 led by the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) and the AFL-CIO. Rockefeller refused to call upon the National Guard to suppress the miners' strike. At its conclusion, President Jimmy Carter appointed Rockefeller to lead the first major federal study of coal mining in America in three decades. Rockefeller served as chair of the President's Commission on Coal and pushed for a national energy strategy that included Appalachian coal. He also created the West Virginia Board of Coal Mine Health and Safety, reorganized state agencies, and set up senior centers statewide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Rockefeller ran for a second term as governor, again facing Republican Arch Moore, and won by 64,000 votes. Rockefeller faced another challenging four years and worked to maintain the state's economy as the federal government cut funding in the midst of an economic downturn, industries struggled to remain open, and unemployment rates across the state rose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of his governorship, Rockefeller ran for the United States Senate as a Democrat against businessman John Raese of Morgantown, WV. Rockefeller won the 1984 election by four percentage points and went on to fill the seat left vacant after long-time Senator Jennings Randolph retired.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockefeller began his service in the U.S. Senate on January 15, 1985, and served until 2015. He became a leading champion for health care reform, an advocate for improving the lives of children and working families, and a supporter of the nation's soldiers, veterans, and senior citizens. He served as chair of the Committee on Veterans Affairs (1993-1994, 2001-2003); the Select Committee on Intelligence (2007-2009); the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation (2009-2015); and the Committee on Finance Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (1989-1994, 2001-2003, 2007-2014). He also served as vice-chair of the Select Committee on Intelligence (2003-2006).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe held additional leadership positions as chairman on the Pepper Commission (1987-1990), the U.S. Senate Steel Caucus (1989-1994, 2013-2015, co-chair 1995-2013), the National Commission on Children (1989-1993), and the Democratic Technology and Communications Committee (1995-2003). He was also a member of several Senate groups, including the Steering Committee on Democratic Policy, the Alternative Fuels Council, and the Coal Caucus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInfluenced by his two years in Emmons, WV, Rockefeller championed health care issues, and health care reform throughout his Senate career. He supported measures to improve and modernize Medicare, expand access to health care, and increase health coverage for children, authoring the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP). He introduced and co-sponsored more than 2,000 pieces of major health-related legislation and provided leadership and policy on health care reform for both the Clinton and Obama administrations. During the latter, he contributed to the successful passage of the Affordable Care Act and was a proponent of providing people with a not-for-profit insurance company backed by the government, commonly known as a public option.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe was appointed to the Senate Finance Committee and its Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (later known as the Subcommittee on Health Care) in 1987 and served as chairman of the Subcommittee and ranking member until his retirement. In 1987, he also was elected chair of the U.S. Bipartisan Commission on Comprehensive Health Care, also known as the Pepper Commission, when the commission's original leader, Representative Claude Pepper (D-FL), passed away. The Commission was charged with developing legislation that would provide Americans with comprehensive health and long-term care coverage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn recognition of his contributions to improving the wellbeing of children and families and supporting education, in 1988, President Ronald Reagan appointed Rockefeller chair of the National Commission on Children. Recommendations made by the Commission centered on the creation of a Child Tax Credit, expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit, and improvement to the federal approach to child welfare. As a member of the Finance Committee, he worked on the tax code to provide better financial support to the middle class and working poor. He sought to toughen child support enforcement laws, improve federal adoption and foster care services, and ensure a safe environment for children in the child welfare system with educational programs aimed at substance abuse prevention and treatment. He also worked for renewed investment in schools, school construction, and teachers, particularly those located in rural and impoverished areas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSenator Rockefeller was an advocate for veterans' issues, serving on the Veterans' Affairs Committee for the entirety of his Senate career and acting as both chair and ranking minority member. He especially focused on expanding research and treatment for service-related illnesses, such as Gulf War Illness, Agent Orange, and issues relating to Atomic Veterans. He brought attention to treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the reform of the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThroughout his time in the Senate, Rockefeller was deeply involved with issues related to energy, the environment, coal miners, and mine safety. The first bill Rockefeller introduced in the Senate in 1985 was legislation intended to reduce the backlog of pending black lung cases, and he consistently worked to preserve the Black Lung Trust Fund while protecting coal jobs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1992, he introduced the Coal Act to ensure retired miners received health benefits, and he threatened to keep the Senate in session over Christmas if they refused to pass the bill, which he described as a peak moment in his career. The Coal Act was passed as part of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, creating two new health care funds to protect the health benefits of all union coal miners, along with their widows and dependents. In 1995, the UMWA named him an honorary member, a distinction rarely bestowed on an elected official, because of his efforts on behalf of miners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the January 2006 West Virginia Sago and Aracoma mine disasters, which together led to the deaths of 14 men, Rockefeller brought several senators from the Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee to meet with families of the Sago mine workers. Rockefeller then joined Committee Chair Senator Mike Enzi (R-WY) and Ranking Member Senator Ted Kennedy (D-MA) in drafting the MINER Act, which was signed into law in June 2006, establishing important new mine safety regulations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSenator Rockefeller served on the Senate Select Intelligence Committee, 2001-2014, during critical and difficult years for the SSCI and the intelligence community. In January 2001, then-Democratic leader Tom Daschle (D-SD) appointed Rockefeller to the Committee. Eight months later the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks occurred. In the months following the attacks, the United States launched operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, and in March 2003, invaded Iraq. These events changed the nature and conduct of intelligence oversight. During Rockefeller's tenure on the committee, and particularly during his time as vice chairman and chairman, he made significant contributions in key areas, including the 9/11 investigation; the Iraq War and flawed intelligence on weapons of mass destruction; intelligence community reform; surveillance oversight and reform; the CIA's detention and interrogation program; cybersecurity; and the intelligence authorization process. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockefeller also made significant contributions to communications policy. He co-authored the Universal Service Program for Schools and Libraries, known as E-Rate, which was authorized as part of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, making telecommunications and information services more affordable for schools and libraries. In 2010, Rockefeller introduced the Public Safety Spectrum Act, which created FirstNet, a nationwide wireless broadband network for the nation's first responders. It was signed into law as part of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012. He also supported net neutrality protections to keep the Internet open and free, and in 2011, he successfully led the Senate Floor against a resolution of disapproval of net neutrality rules.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe also championed the steel industry in West Virginia and the nation, earning him the nickname \"Senator Steel.\" Much of his work, launched largely through his position as co-chair of the Senate Steel Caucus, focused on providing income support and job training to laid-off employees and their families through Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA), working with individual steel companies to mitigate the effects of closure and downsizing, and intervening in steel employee strikes. As a member of both the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on Finance, Rockefeller also addressed concerns about American manufacturing; trade protections and relief for workers negatively impacted by trade; and tax credits supporting research and development and encouraging businesses to build and expand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the state of West Virginia, Senator Rockefeller made jobs and economic development a priority. In 1988 he founded the Discover the Real West Virginia Program (DRWV), later formalized as the Discover the Real West Virginia Foundation, which showcased business and investment opportunities in West Virginia. He launched the \"Project Harvest\" trade mission in 1995 to bring state and international business leaders and investors together. Rockefeller's early experiences in Japan and knowledge of the language and culture aided in attracting the Toyota company to the state, resulting in the opening of the Buffalo, WV, plant in 1996. In the ensuing years, more than 20 other Japanese companies followed. Further, he encouraged the growth of the West Virginia tourism and travel industry through legislation that conserved lands, designated scenic areas, and promoted better transportation infrastructure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn January 2013, Senator Rockefeller announced that he would not seek reelection. In his retirement announcement, he reflected that \"public service demands, and deserves nothing less than every single thing that you have to bring to bear, and that is what I have given.\" As he prepared to leave the Congress in December 2014, his Senate colleagues offered tributes on the Senate Floor recognizing his impressive legislative record, distinguished career, and legacy of compassionate and conscientious service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrimes, Richard S. \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/110\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eJay Rockefeller.\u003c/a\u003e\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/video/jay-rockefellers-journey-jay-rockefellers-journey/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eJay: A Rockefeller's Journey.\u003c/a\u003e Produced by Suzanne Higgins and Russ Barbour. 2015. Online video. West Virginia Public Broadcasting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Energy and Environment Issues (Legacy on Energy, Environment and Coal Miners),\" 2014 May 30, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Review of Senator John D. Rockefeller's Service on the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence: 2001-2015,\" 2014 December 17, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000361\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\"Rockefeller, John Davison IV (Jay), (1937 - ).\"\u003c/a\u003e Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774-present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.c-span.org/video/?310340-1/senator-jay-rockefeller-retirement-announcement\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\"Senator Jay Rockefeller Retirement Announcement.\"\u003c/a\u003e 2013 January 11, 2013. Online video clip. C-SPAN. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Senator Rockefeller's Health Care Accomplishments: 99th-113th Congress Memorandum,\" 2014, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/113/crec/2014/12/04/160/147/CREC-2014-12-04.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\"Tributes to John D. Rockefeller.\"\u003c/a\u003e 2014 December 4. Congressional Record 160:147 p. S6343. Congress.gov.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Veterans' Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 April 11, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\n \n\"West Virginia Wesleyan College Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 October, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Diversifying West Virginia's Economy for the 21st Century (Your Legacy Memo on Jobs and Economic Growth in West Virginia),\" 2014, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Your Legacy on FirstNet – Public Safety Spectrum Act,\" 2014 October 24, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Your Legacy on Net Neutrality,\" 2014 October 3, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Senator John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV served the people and state of West Virginia for more than 50 years. Rockefeller came to West Virginia in 1964 as a VISTA volunteer in the small community of Emmons, an experience that shaped his extensive career in public service. He served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); President of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). In 1984 he was elected to the United States Senate and was reelected four times, in 1990, 1996, 2002, and 2008, before retiring in 2015.","Jay Rockefeller was born in New York, New York, on June 18, 1937, to philanthropists John Davison Rockefeller III and Blanchette Ferry Hooker. He is the great-grandson of John D. Rockefeller, founder of the Standard Oil Company, and nephew of businessman and politician Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller. Jay Rockefeller graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy, New Hampshire, in 1955, and graduated from Harvard University in 1961 with a B.A. in Far Eastern Languages and History. In his junior year at Harvard, he attended the International Christian University in Tokyo, Japan, and he spent three years studying Japanese.","In 1964, Rockefeller joined the newly formed national service program Volunteers In Service to America (VISTA) aimed at fighting poverty. He served in Emmons, WV, a small mining community located in Boone and Kanawha Counties, for two years. His efforts in Emmons included starting a Little League baseball team, extending school bus service to the rural area, and providing transportation to dental clinics. He built a community center and obtained access to mobile health screenings for women.","Rockefeller entered politics in 1966 as a Kanawha County candidate for the West Virginia House of Delegates. He changed his party affiliation to Democrat, breaking with the family's traditional affiliation with the Republican Party.","In 1967, Rockefeller married Sharon Lee Percy, daughter of U.S. Senator Charles Percy of Illinois. Their Chicago wedding was featured on the cover of Life magazine. They had four children: John Davison (Jamie) V, Valerie, Charles, and Justin Aldrich.","He ran for West Virginia Secretary of State in 1968, winning the election against Republican John Callebs. As Secretary of State, Rockefeller pushed for election law reform and broke up several county Democratic political machines. He was successful in making elections more transparent and in reducing instances of election fraud by removing the names of deceased people from the state's official list of registered voters.","Rockefeller announced his candidacy for governor of West Virginia in 1972 against incumbent Republican Governor Arch Moore. Moore won reelection by 72,000 votes.","Within months of his defeat, Rockefeller was named president of West Virginia Wesleyan College, located in Buckhannon, WV. Some of his biggest accomplishments include increasing enrollment, creating an active recruitment campaign, and streamlining operations. He submitted a letter of resignation to the College in 1975 to prepare for the next gubernatorial election, for which he campaigned throughout 1976.","Rockefeller's second run for governor was successful: he beat Republican candidate Cecil Underwood by more than 242,000 votes, the largest majority in state history. Natural disaster, strikes, and a worsening economy posed serious challenges during his years as governor. In the spring of 1977, major spring floods in the southern West Virginia counties of McDowell, Wayne, Logan, and Ming wiped entire towns away, and made safe housing above flood plains a focus of Rockefeller's administration.","The same year saw the beginning of the 111-day national Bituminous Coal Strike of 1977-1978 led by the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) and the AFL-CIO. Rockefeller refused to call upon the National Guard to suppress the miners' strike. At its conclusion, President Jimmy Carter appointed Rockefeller to lead the first major federal study of coal mining in America in three decades. Rockefeller served as chair of the President's Commission on Coal and pushed for a national energy strategy that included Appalachian coal. He also created the West Virginia Board of Coal Mine Health and Safety, reorganized state agencies, and set up senior centers statewide.","In 1980, Rockefeller ran for a second term as governor, again facing Republican Arch Moore, and won by 64,000 votes. Rockefeller faced another challenging four years and worked to maintain the state's economy as the federal government cut funding in the midst of an economic downturn, industries struggled to remain open, and unemployment rates across the state rose.","At the end of his governorship, Rockefeller ran for the United States Senate as a Democrat against businessman John Raese of Morgantown, WV. Rockefeller won the 1984 election by four percentage points and went on to fill the seat left vacant after long-time Senator Jennings Randolph retired.","Rockefeller began his service in the U.S. Senate on January 15, 1985, and served until 2015. He became a leading champion for health care reform, an advocate for improving the lives of children and working families, and a supporter of the nation's soldiers, veterans, and senior citizens. He served as chair of the Committee on Veterans Affairs (1993-1994, 2001-2003); the Select Committee on Intelligence (2007-2009); the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation (2009-2015); and the Committee on Finance Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (1989-1994, 2001-2003, 2007-2014). He also served as vice-chair of the Select Committee on Intelligence (2003-2006).","He held additional leadership positions as chairman on the Pepper Commission (1987-1990), the U.S. Senate Steel Caucus (1989-1994, 2013-2015, co-chair 1995-2013), the National Commission on Children (1989-1993), and the Democratic Technology and Communications Committee (1995-2003). He was also a member of several Senate groups, including the Steering Committee on Democratic Policy, the Alternative Fuels Council, and the Coal Caucus.","Influenced by his two years in Emmons, WV, Rockefeller championed health care issues, and health care reform throughout his Senate career. He supported measures to improve and modernize Medicare, expand access to health care, and increase health coverage for children, authoring the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP). He introduced and co-sponsored more than 2,000 pieces of major health-related legislation and provided leadership and policy on health care reform for both the Clinton and Obama administrations. During the latter, he contributed to the successful passage of the Affordable Care Act and was a proponent of providing people with a not-for-profit insurance company backed by the government, commonly known as a public option.","He was appointed to the Senate Finance Committee and its Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (later known as the Subcommittee on Health Care) in 1987 and served as chairman of the Subcommittee and ranking member until his retirement. In 1987, he also was elected chair of the U.S. Bipartisan Commission on Comprehensive Health Care, also known as the Pepper Commission, when the commission's original leader, Representative Claude Pepper (D-FL), passed away. The Commission was charged with developing legislation that would provide Americans with comprehensive health and long-term care coverage.","In recognition of his contributions to improving the wellbeing of children and families and supporting education, in 1988, President Ronald Reagan appointed Rockefeller chair of the National Commission on Children. Recommendations made by the Commission centered on the creation of a Child Tax Credit, expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit, and improvement to the federal approach to child welfare. As a member of the Finance Committee, he worked on the tax code to provide better financial support to the middle class and working poor. He sought to toughen child support enforcement laws, improve federal adoption and foster care services, and ensure a safe environment for children in the child welfare system with educational programs aimed at substance abuse prevention and treatment. He also worked for renewed investment in schools, school construction, and teachers, particularly those located in rural and impoverished areas.","Senator Rockefeller was an advocate for veterans' issues, serving on the Veterans' Affairs Committee for the entirety of his Senate career and acting as both chair and ranking minority member. He especially focused on expanding research and treatment for service-related illnesses, such as Gulf War Illness, Agent Orange, and issues relating to Atomic Veterans. He brought attention to treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the reform of the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system.","Throughout his time in the Senate, Rockefeller was deeply involved with issues related to energy, the environment, coal miners, and mine safety. The first bill Rockefeller introduced in the Senate in 1985 was legislation intended to reduce the backlog of pending black lung cases, and he consistently worked to preserve the Black Lung Trust Fund while protecting coal jobs.","In 1992, he introduced the Coal Act to ensure retired miners received health benefits, and he threatened to keep the Senate in session over Christmas if they refused to pass the bill, which he described as a peak moment in his career. The Coal Act was passed as part of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, creating two new health care funds to protect the health benefits of all union coal miners, along with their widows and dependents. In 1995, the UMWA named him an honorary member, a distinction rarely bestowed on an elected official, because of his efforts on behalf of miners.","Following the January 2006 West Virginia Sago and Aracoma mine disasters, which together led to the deaths of 14 men, Rockefeller brought several senators from the Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee to meet with families of the Sago mine workers. Rockefeller then joined Committee Chair Senator Mike Enzi (R-WY) and Ranking Member Senator Ted Kennedy (D-MA) in drafting the MINER Act, which was signed into law in June 2006, establishing important new mine safety regulations.","Senator Rockefeller served on the Senate Select Intelligence Committee, 2001-2014, during critical and difficult years for the SSCI and the intelligence community. In January 2001, then-Democratic leader Tom Daschle (D-SD) appointed Rockefeller to the Committee. Eight months later the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks occurred. In the months following the attacks, the United States launched operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, and in March 2003, invaded Iraq. These events changed the nature and conduct of intelligence oversight. During Rockefeller's tenure on the committee, and particularly during his time as vice chairman and chairman, he made significant contributions in key areas, including the 9/11 investigation; the Iraq War and flawed intelligence on weapons of mass destruction; intelligence community reform; surveillance oversight and reform; the CIA's detention and interrogation program; cybersecurity; and the intelligence authorization process.","Rockefeller also made significant contributions to communications policy. He co-authored the Universal Service Program for Schools and Libraries, known as E-Rate, which was authorized as part of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, making telecommunications and information services more affordable for schools and libraries. In 2010, Rockefeller introduced the Public Safety Spectrum Act, which created FirstNet, a nationwide wireless broadband network for the nation's first responders. It was signed into law as part of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012. He also supported net neutrality protections to keep the Internet open and free, and in 2011, he successfully led the Senate Floor against a resolution of disapproval of net neutrality rules.","He also championed the steel industry in West Virginia and the nation, earning him the nickname \"Senator Steel.\" Much of his work, launched largely through his position as co-chair of the Senate Steel Caucus, focused on providing income support and job training to laid-off employees and their families through Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA), working with individual steel companies to mitigate the effects of closure and downsizing, and intervening in steel employee strikes. As a member of both the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on Finance, Rockefeller also addressed concerns about American manufacturing; trade protections and relief for workers negatively impacted by trade; and tax credits supporting research and development and encouraging businesses to build and expand.","For the state of West Virginia, Senator Rockefeller made jobs and economic development a priority. In 1988 he founded the Discover the Real West Virginia Program (DRWV), later formalized as the Discover the Real West Virginia Foundation, which showcased business and investment opportunities in West Virginia. He launched the \"Project Harvest\" trade mission in 1995 to bring state and international business leaders and investors together. Rockefeller's early experiences in Japan and knowledge of the language and culture aided in attracting the Toyota company to the state, resulting in the opening of the Buffalo, WV, plant in 1996. In the ensuing years, more than 20 other Japanese companies followed. Further, he encouraged the growth of the West Virginia tourism and travel industry through legislation that conserved lands, designated scenic areas, and promoted better transportation infrastructure.","In January 2013, Senator Rockefeller announced that he would not seek reelection. In his retirement announcement, he reflected that \"public service demands, and deserves nothing less than every single thing that you have to bring to bear, and that is what I have given.\" As he prepared to leave the Congress in December 2014, his Senate colleagues offered tributes on the Senate Floor recognizing his impressive legislative record, distinguished career, and legacy of compassionate and conscientious service.","Sources:","Grimes, Richard S. \"Jay Rockefeller.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia.","Jay: A Rockefeller's Journey. Produced by Suzanne Higgins and Russ Barbour. 2015. Online video. West Virginia Public Broadcasting.","\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Energy and Environment Issues (Legacy on Energy, Environment and Coal Miners),\" 2014 May 30, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Review of Senator John D. Rockefeller's Service on the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence: 2001-2015,\" 2014 December 17, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Rockefeller, John Davison IV (Jay), (1937 - ).\" Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774-present.","\"Senator Jay Rockefeller Retirement Announcement.\" 2013 January 11, 2013. Online video clip. C-SPAN.","\"Senator Rockefeller's Health Care Accomplishments: 99th-113th Congress Memorandum,\" 2014, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Tributes to John D. Rockefeller.\" 2014 December 4. Congressional Record 160:147 p. S6343. Congress.gov.","\"Veterans' Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 April 11, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\n \n\"West Virginia Wesleyan College Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 October, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Diversifying West Virginia's Economy for the 21st Century (Your Legacy Memo on Jobs and Economic Growth in West Virginia),\" 2014, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Your Legacy on FirstNet – Public Safety Spectrum Act,\" 2014 October 24, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Your Legacy on Net Neutrality,\" 2014 October 3, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Danielle Emerling, 2015-\nProcessing assistants: Ashley Brooker, Dzondria Tarver, Leo Gmeindl, Casey DeHaven, Joshua Childs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are in process. The contents of this finding aid will be revised as progress is made on the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Danielle Emerling, 2015-\nProcessing assistants: Ashley Brooker, Dzondria Tarver, Leo Gmeindl, Casey DeHaven, Joshua Childs","The Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are in process. The contents of this finding aid will be revised as progress is made on the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career.  The records were maintained by Senator Rockefeller's Washington, DC, office and West Virginia state offices in Charleston, Beckley, Fairmont, and Martinsburg. Record formats include papers, audiovisual materials, born-digital resources, photographs, and memorabilia. The collection consists of approximately 2011 linear feet of paper records and two terabytes of electronic records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first subgroup, Constituent Services, reflects the work Senator Rockefeller and his staff performed for the state and people of West Virginia. It consists of constituent casework, issue mail, grant and project files, and academy files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second subgroup, Legislative files, is composed of materials related to legislative and committee work. Legislative staff files; subject files; correspondence; committee files; and legislative activities, voting records, and accomplishments comprise this subgroup. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe third subgroup, Press files, illustrates Senator Rockefeller's interactions with the media and outreach to the state of West Virginia and his constituents. It contains press staff files, speeches and statements, press releases, photographs, audiovisual materials, clippings, publications, and newsletters and mailings. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fourth subgroup, Personal and Political files, consists of Legacy Memos, schedules, personal files and correspondence, campaign files, and trip files.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fifth subgroup, Office files, contains a small number of office management files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sixth subgroup, Memorabilia, consists of a large collection of framed items, plaques, and objects, many of which Senator Rockefeller received as gifts during his service. It contains a large number of foreign gifts, particularly from Japan and Taiwan. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career.  The records were maintained by Senator Rockefeller's Washington, DC, office and West Virginia state offices in Charleston, Beckley, Fairmont, and Martinsburg. Record formats include papers, audiovisual materials, born-digital resources, photographs, and memorabilia. The collection consists of approximately 2011 linear feet of paper records and two terabytes of electronic records.","The first subgroup, Constituent Services, reflects the work Senator Rockefeller and his staff performed for the state and people of West Virginia. It consists of constituent casework, issue mail, grant and project files, and academy files.","The second subgroup, Legislative files, is composed of materials related to legislative and committee work. Legislative staff files; subject files; correspondence; committee files; and legislative activities, voting records, and accomplishments comprise this subgroup.","The third subgroup, Press files, illustrates Senator Rockefeller's interactions with the media and outreach to the state of West Virginia and his constituents. It contains press staff files, speeches and statements, press releases, photographs, audiovisual materials, clippings, publications, and newsletters and mailings.","The fourth subgroup, Personal and Political files, consists of Legacy Memos, schedules, personal files and correspondence, campaign files, and trip files.","The fifth subgroup, Office files, contains a small number of office management files.","The sixth subgroup, Memorabilia, consists of a large collection of framed items, plaques, and objects, many of which Senator Rockefeller received as gifts during his service. It contains a large number of foreign gifts, particularly from Japan and Taiwan."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials may contain sensitive or private information. Researchers may use data collected from these materials in the statistical aggregate or as an example to illustrate a theme. No identifying information should point to specific individuals or families mentioned in the files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials produced by public servants while carrying out official duties are not copyrighted. Materials created outside of official duties, including diaries, personal correspondence, and campaign materials, are protected by copyright. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials may contain sensitive or private information. Researchers may use data collected from these materials in the statistical aggregate or as an example to illustrate a theme. No identifying information should point to specific individuals or families mentioned in the files.","Materials produced by public servants while carrying out official duties are not copyrighted. Materials created outside of official duties, including diaries, personal correspondence, and campaign materials, are protected by copyright. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5d14eb4df51da22c7256b340d3bf4196\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eJohn Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV (b. 1937) represented West Virginia in the United States Senate for five terms. He was elected as a Democrat to the Ninety-ninth Congress and served from January 15, 1985, to January 3, 2015. He was not a candidate for reelection in 2014. Rockefeller previously served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); president of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). From 1964-1966, he was a volunteer in the Volunteers In Service To America (VISTA) program in Emmons, West Virginia. The bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV (b. 1937) represented West Virginia in the United States Senate for five terms. He was elected as a Democrat to the Ninety-ninth Congress and served from January 15, 1985, to January 3, 2015. He was not a candidate for reelection in 2014. Rockefeller previously served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); president of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). From 1964-1966, he was a volunteer in the Volunteers In Service To America (VISTA) program in Emmons, West Virginia. The bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_ee7b69b7d85f8fa23b62c37a980adc85\" label=\"Physical Location \"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce","United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs","United States. Congress. Pepper Commission","United States. National Commission on Children"],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce","United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs","United States. Congress. Pepper Commission","United States. National Commission on Children","Rockefeller, Sharon Percy, 1944-","Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-"],"persname_ssim":["Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-","Rockefeller, Sharon Percy, 1944-"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce","United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs","United States. Congress. Pepper Commission","United States. National Commission on Children","Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-","Rockefeller, Sharon Percy, 1944-"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":7179,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-09-01T16:09:20.190Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c852"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c851","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"West Virginia Air Service Summit #2, 1985/2014","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c851#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eEvent(s): West Virginia Air Service Summit. Notes: TRT=1:04:40.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c851#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c851","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c851"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01_c851","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01","parent_ssim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014","III. Press, 1960/2014","E. Audiovisual materials, 1960/2013, bulk 1984/2013","VHS"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1_c03_c05_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"West Virginia Air Service Summit #2","title_ssm":["West Virginia Air Service Summit #2"],"title_tesim":["West Virginia Air Service Summit #2"],"normalized_title_ssm":["West Virginia Air Service Summit #2, 1985/2014"],"text":["West Virginia Air Service Summit #2, 1985/2014","Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014","III. Press, 1960/2014","E. Audiovisual materials, 1960/2013, bulk 1984/2013","VHS","Box III.E. - 7","Event(s): West Virginia Air Service Summit. Notes: TRT=1:04:40."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014","III. Press, 1960/2014","E. Audiovisual materials, 1960/2013, bulk 1984/2013","VHS"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014","III. Press, 1960/2014","E. Audiovisual materials, 1960/2013, bulk 1984/2013","VHS"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1985/2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["undated"],"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"component_level_isim":[4],"sort_isi":2357,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014"],"containers_ssim":["Box III.E. - 7"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Access to audiovisual items may be arranged in the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reading room depending on the format. Advance notice is required."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials may contain sensitive or private information. Researchers may use data collected from these materials in the statistical aggregate or as an example to illustrate a theme. No identifying information should point to specific individuals or families mentioned in the files.","Materials produced by public servants while carrying out official duties are not copyrighted. Materials created outside of official duties, including diaries, personal correspondence, and campaign materials, are protected by copyright. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center."],"date_range_isim":[1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEvent(s): West Virginia Air Service Summit. Notes: TRT=1:04:40.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Event(s): West Virginia Air Service Summit. Notes: TRT=1:04:40."],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#4/components#0/components#850","timestamp":"2026-09-01T16:09:20.190Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/177420","title_ssm":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers"],"title_tesim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1960-2015","1985-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-2015"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1985-2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014"],"text":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014","A\u0026M 4050","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","West Virginia -- Politics and government","National security","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party","United States. Congress -- History -- 20th century","United States. Congress -- Archives","Steel industry and trade","Wireless communication systems -- Law and legislation","Child welfare","Coal miners--West Virginia","Veterans--United States","Health care reform -- United States","Coal mines and mining -- Law and legislation -- United States","Politicians -- United States","The majority of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are closed until 2035. Permission to access materials prior to 2035 may be given at the donor's discretion.","Materials previously made publicly available, such as speeches, press releases, photographs, press interviews, clippings, and publications are open for research.","The collection is stored off-site. Researchers should contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center prior to visiting to ensure materials are available.","Some digital materials are available on our online John D. Rockefeller database.","The papers are arranged into six subgroups, and each subgroup is further arranged into series. Digital materials received on external hard drives, USB flash drives, floppy disks, CDs, and DVDs are arranged in the appropriate series and reflect the arrangement of the paper records.","Senator John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV served the people and state of West Virginia for more than 50 years. Rockefeller came to West Virginia in 1964 as a VISTA volunteer in the small community of Emmons, an experience that shaped his extensive career in public service. He served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); President of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). In 1984 he was elected to the United States Senate and was reelected four times, in 1990, 1996, 2002, and 2008, before retiring in 2015.","Jay Rockefeller was born in New York, New York, on June 18, 1937, to philanthropists John Davison Rockefeller III and Blanchette Ferry Hooker. He is the great-grandson of John D. Rockefeller, founder of the Standard Oil Company, and nephew of businessman and politician Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller. Jay Rockefeller graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy, New Hampshire, in 1955, and graduated from Harvard University in 1961 with a B.A. in Far Eastern Languages and History. In his junior year at Harvard, he attended the International Christian University in Tokyo, Japan, and he spent three years studying Japanese.","In 1964, Rockefeller joined the newly formed national service program Volunteers In Service to America (VISTA) aimed at fighting poverty. He served in Emmons, WV, a small mining community located in Boone and Kanawha Counties, for two years. His efforts in Emmons included starting a Little League baseball team, extending school bus service to the rural area, and providing transportation to dental clinics. He built a community center and obtained access to mobile health screenings for women.","Rockefeller entered politics in 1966 as a Kanawha County candidate for the West Virginia House of Delegates. He changed his party affiliation to Democrat, breaking with the family's traditional affiliation with the Republican Party.","In 1967, Rockefeller married Sharon Lee Percy, daughter of U.S. Senator Charles Percy of Illinois. Their Chicago wedding was featured on the cover of Life magazine. They had four children: John Davison (Jamie) V, Valerie, Charles, and Justin Aldrich.","He ran for West Virginia Secretary of State in 1968, winning the election against Republican John Callebs. As Secretary of State, Rockefeller pushed for election law reform and broke up several county Democratic political machines. He was successful in making elections more transparent and in reducing instances of election fraud by removing the names of deceased people from the state's official list of registered voters.","Rockefeller announced his candidacy for governor of West Virginia in 1972 against incumbent Republican Governor Arch Moore. Moore won reelection by 72,000 votes.","Within months of his defeat, Rockefeller was named president of West Virginia Wesleyan College, located in Buckhannon, WV. Some of his biggest accomplishments include increasing enrollment, creating an active recruitment campaign, and streamlining operations. He submitted a letter of resignation to the College in 1975 to prepare for the next gubernatorial election, for which he campaigned throughout 1976.","Rockefeller's second run for governor was successful: he beat Republican candidate Cecil Underwood by more than 242,000 votes, the largest majority in state history. Natural disaster, strikes, and a worsening economy posed serious challenges during his years as governor. In the spring of 1977, major spring floods in the southern West Virginia counties of McDowell, Wayne, Logan, and Ming wiped entire towns away, and made safe housing above flood plains a focus of Rockefeller's administration.","The same year saw the beginning of the 111-day national Bituminous Coal Strike of 1977-1978 led by the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) and the AFL-CIO. Rockefeller refused to call upon the National Guard to suppress the miners' strike. At its conclusion, President Jimmy Carter appointed Rockefeller to lead the first major federal study of coal mining in America in three decades. Rockefeller served as chair of the President's Commission on Coal and pushed for a national energy strategy that included Appalachian coal. He also created the West Virginia Board of Coal Mine Health and Safety, reorganized state agencies, and set up senior centers statewide.","In 1980, Rockefeller ran for a second term as governor, again facing Republican Arch Moore, and won by 64,000 votes. Rockefeller faced another challenging four years and worked to maintain the state's economy as the federal government cut funding in the midst of an economic downturn, industries struggled to remain open, and unemployment rates across the state rose.","At the end of his governorship, Rockefeller ran for the United States Senate as a Democrat against businessman John Raese of Morgantown, WV. Rockefeller won the 1984 election by four percentage points and went on to fill the seat left vacant after long-time Senator Jennings Randolph retired.","Rockefeller began his service in the U.S. Senate on January 15, 1985, and served until 2015. He became a leading champion for health care reform, an advocate for improving the lives of children and working families, and a supporter of the nation's soldiers, veterans, and senior citizens. He served as chair of the Committee on Veterans Affairs (1993-1994, 2001-2003); the Select Committee on Intelligence (2007-2009); the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation (2009-2015); and the Committee on Finance Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (1989-1994, 2001-2003, 2007-2014). He also served as vice-chair of the Select Committee on Intelligence (2003-2006).","He held additional leadership positions as chairman on the Pepper Commission (1987-1990), the U.S. Senate Steel Caucus (1989-1994, 2013-2015, co-chair 1995-2013), the National Commission on Children (1989-1993), and the Democratic Technology and Communications Committee (1995-2003). He was also a member of several Senate groups, including the Steering Committee on Democratic Policy, the Alternative Fuels Council, and the Coal Caucus.","Influenced by his two years in Emmons, WV, Rockefeller championed health care issues, and health care reform throughout his Senate career. He supported measures to improve and modernize Medicare, expand access to health care, and increase health coverage for children, authoring the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP). He introduced and co-sponsored more than 2,000 pieces of major health-related legislation and provided leadership and policy on health care reform for both the Clinton and Obama administrations. During the latter, he contributed to the successful passage of the Affordable Care Act and was a proponent of providing people with a not-for-profit insurance company backed by the government, commonly known as a public option.","He was appointed to the Senate Finance Committee and its Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (later known as the Subcommittee on Health Care) in 1987 and served as chairman of the Subcommittee and ranking member until his retirement. In 1987, he also was elected chair of the U.S. Bipartisan Commission on Comprehensive Health Care, also known as the Pepper Commission, when the commission's original leader, Representative Claude Pepper (D-FL), passed away. The Commission was charged with developing legislation that would provide Americans with comprehensive health and long-term care coverage.","In recognition of his contributions to improving the wellbeing of children and families and supporting education, in 1988, President Ronald Reagan appointed Rockefeller chair of the National Commission on Children. Recommendations made by the Commission centered on the creation of a Child Tax Credit, expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit, and improvement to the federal approach to child welfare. As a member of the Finance Committee, he worked on the tax code to provide better financial support to the middle class and working poor. He sought to toughen child support enforcement laws, improve federal adoption and foster care services, and ensure a safe environment for children in the child welfare system with educational programs aimed at substance abuse prevention and treatment. He also worked for renewed investment in schools, school construction, and teachers, particularly those located in rural and impoverished areas.","Senator Rockefeller was an advocate for veterans' issues, serving on the Veterans' Affairs Committee for the entirety of his Senate career and acting as both chair and ranking minority member. He especially focused on expanding research and treatment for service-related illnesses, such as Gulf War Illness, Agent Orange, and issues relating to Atomic Veterans. He brought attention to treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the reform of the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system.","Throughout his time in the Senate, Rockefeller was deeply involved with issues related to energy, the environment, coal miners, and mine safety. The first bill Rockefeller introduced in the Senate in 1985 was legislation intended to reduce the backlog of pending black lung cases, and he consistently worked to preserve the Black Lung Trust Fund while protecting coal jobs.","In 1992, he introduced the Coal Act to ensure retired miners received health benefits, and he threatened to keep the Senate in session over Christmas if they refused to pass the bill, which he described as a peak moment in his career. The Coal Act was passed as part of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, creating two new health care funds to protect the health benefits of all union coal miners, along with their widows and dependents. In 1995, the UMWA named him an honorary member, a distinction rarely bestowed on an elected official, because of his efforts on behalf of miners.","Following the January 2006 West Virginia Sago and Aracoma mine disasters, which together led to the deaths of 14 men, Rockefeller brought several senators from the Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee to meet with families of the Sago mine workers. Rockefeller then joined Committee Chair Senator Mike Enzi (R-WY) and Ranking Member Senator Ted Kennedy (D-MA) in drafting the MINER Act, which was signed into law in June 2006, establishing important new mine safety regulations.","Senator Rockefeller served on the Senate Select Intelligence Committee, 2001-2014, during critical and difficult years for the SSCI and the intelligence community. In January 2001, then-Democratic leader Tom Daschle (D-SD) appointed Rockefeller to the Committee. Eight months later the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks occurred. In the months following the attacks, the United States launched operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, and in March 2003, invaded Iraq. These events changed the nature and conduct of intelligence oversight. During Rockefeller's tenure on the committee, and particularly during his time as vice chairman and chairman, he made significant contributions in key areas, including the 9/11 investigation; the Iraq War and flawed intelligence on weapons of mass destruction; intelligence community reform; surveillance oversight and reform; the CIA's detention and interrogation program; cybersecurity; and the intelligence authorization process.","Rockefeller also made significant contributions to communications policy. He co-authored the Universal Service Program for Schools and Libraries, known as E-Rate, which was authorized as part of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, making telecommunications and information services more affordable for schools and libraries. In 2010, Rockefeller introduced the Public Safety Spectrum Act, which created FirstNet, a nationwide wireless broadband network for the nation's first responders. It was signed into law as part of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012. He also supported net neutrality protections to keep the Internet open and free, and in 2011, he successfully led the Senate Floor against a resolution of disapproval of net neutrality rules.","He also championed the steel industry in West Virginia and the nation, earning him the nickname \"Senator Steel.\" Much of his work, launched largely through his position as co-chair of the Senate Steel Caucus, focused on providing income support and job training to laid-off employees and their families through Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA), working with individual steel companies to mitigate the effects of closure and downsizing, and intervening in steel employee strikes. As a member of both the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on Finance, Rockefeller also addressed concerns about American manufacturing; trade protections and relief for workers negatively impacted by trade; and tax credits supporting research and development and encouraging businesses to build and expand.","For the state of West Virginia, Senator Rockefeller made jobs and economic development a priority. In 1988 he founded the Discover the Real West Virginia Program (DRWV), later formalized as the Discover the Real West Virginia Foundation, which showcased business and investment opportunities in West Virginia. He launched the \"Project Harvest\" trade mission in 1995 to bring state and international business leaders and investors together. Rockefeller's early experiences in Japan and knowledge of the language and culture aided in attracting the Toyota company to the state, resulting in the opening of the Buffalo, WV, plant in 1996. In the ensuing years, more than 20 other Japanese companies followed. Further, he encouraged the growth of the West Virginia tourism and travel industry through legislation that conserved lands, designated scenic areas, and promoted better transportation infrastructure.","In January 2013, Senator Rockefeller announced that he would not seek reelection. In his retirement announcement, he reflected that \"public service demands, and deserves nothing less than every single thing that you have to bring to bear, and that is what I have given.\" As he prepared to leave the Congress in December 2014, his Senate colleagues offered tributes on the Senate Floor recognizing his impressive legislative record, distinguished career, and legacy of compassionate and conscientious service.","Sources:","Grimes, Richard S. \"Jay Rockefeller.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia.","Jay: A Rockefeller's Journey. Produced by Suzanne Higgins and Russ Barbour. 2015. Online video. West Virginia Public Broadcasting.","\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Energy and Environment Issues (Legacy on Energy, Environment and Coal Miners),\" 2014 May 30, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Review of Senator John D. Rockefeller's Service on the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence: 2001-2015,\" 2014 December 17, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Rockefeller, John Davison IV (Jay), (1937 - ).\" Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774-present.","\"Senator Jay Rockefeller Retirement Announcement.\" 2013 January 11, 2013. Online video clip. C-SPAN.","\"Senator Rockefeller's Health Care Accomplishments: 99th-113th Congress Memorandum,\" 2014, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Tributes to John D. Rockefeller.\" 2014 December 4. Congressional Record 160:147 p. S6343. Congress.gov.","\"Veterans' Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 April 11, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\n \n\"West Virginia Wesleyan College Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 October, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Diversifying West Virginia's Economy for the 21st Century (Your Legacy Memo on Jobs and Economic Growth in West Virginia),\" 2014, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Your Legacy on FirstNet – Public Safety Spectrum Act,\" 2014 October 24, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Your Legacy on Net Neutrality,\" 2014 October 3, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","Processed by Danielle Emerling, 2015-\nProcessing assistants: Ashley Brooker, Dzondria Tarver, Leo Gmeindl, Casey DeHaven, Joshua Childs","The Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are in process. The contents of this finding aid will be revised as progress is made on the collection.","The bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career.  The records were maintained by Senator Rockefeller's Washington, DC, office and West Virginia state offices in Charleston, Beckley, Fairmont, and Martinsburg. Record formats include papers, audiovisual materials, born-digital resources, photographs, and memorabilia. The collection consists of approximately 2011 linear feet of paper records and two terabytes of electronic records.","The first subgroup, Constituent Services, reflects the work Senator Rockefeller and his staff performed for the state and people of West Virginia. It consists of constituent casework, issue mail, grant and project files, and academy files.","The second subgroup, Legislative files, is composed of materials related to legislative and committee work. Legislative staff files; subject files; correspondence; committee files; and legislative activities, voting records, and accomplishments comprise this subgroup.","The third subgroup, Press files, illustrates Senator Rockefeller's interactions with the media and outreach to the state of West Virginia and his constituents. It contains press staff files, speeches and statements, press releases, photographs, audiovisual materials, clippings, publications, and newsletters and mailings.","The fourth subgroup, Personal and Political files, consists of Legacy Memos, schedules, personal files and correspondence, campaign files, and trip files.","The fifth subgroup, Office files, contains a small number of office management files.","The sixth subgroup, Memorabilia, consists of a large collection of framed items, plaques, and objects, many of which Senator Rockefeller received as gifts during his service. It contains a large number of foreign gifts, particularly from Japan and Taiwan.","Materials may contain sensitive or private information. Researchers may use data collected from these materials in the statistical aggregate or as an example to illustrate a theme. No identifying information should point to specific individuals or families mentioned in the files.","Materials produced by public servants while carrying out official duties are not copyrighted. Materials created outside of official duties, including diaries, personal correspondence, and campaign materials, are protected by copyright. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center.","John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV (b. 1937) represented West Virginia in the United States Senate for five terms. He was elected as a Democrat to the Ninety-ninth Congress and served from January 15, 1985, to January 3, 2015. He was not a candidate for reelection in 2014. Rockefeller previously served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); president of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). From 1964-1966, he was a volunteer in the Volunteers In Service To America (VISTA) program in Emmons, West Virginia. The bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce","United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs","United States. Congress. Pepper Commission","United States. National Commission on Children","Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-","Rockefeller, Sharon Percy, 1944-","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014"],"collection_ssim":["Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, 1960/2015, bulk 1985/2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4050","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4050","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","West Virginia -- Politics and government","National security","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","West Virginia -- Politics and government","National security","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","West Virginia -- Politics and government","National security","West Virginia -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government","Democratic Party"],"creator_ssm":["Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-"],"creator_ssim":["Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-","Rockefeller, Sharon Percy, 1944-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce","United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs","United States. Congress. Pepper Commission","United States. National Commission on Children"],"creators_ssim":["Rockefeller, John D., IV (John Davison), 1937-","Rockefeller, Sharon Percy, 1944-","West Virginia and Regional History Center","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce","United States. Congress. Senate. Select Committee on Intelligence","United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs","United States. Congress. Pepper Commission","United States. National Commission on Children"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials may contain sensitive or private information. Researchers may use data collected from these materials in the statistical aggregate or as an example to illustrate a theme. No identifying information should point to specific individuals or families mentioned in the files.","Materials produced by public servants while carrying out official duties are not copyrighted. Materials created outside of official duties, including diaries, personal correspondence, and campaign materials, are protected by copyright. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV, 2014-2015"],"access_subjects_ssim":["United States. Congress -- History -- 20th century","United States. Congress -- Archives","Steel industry and trade","Wireless communication systems -- Law and legislation","Child welfare","Coal miners--West Virginia","Veterans--United States","Health care reform -- United States","Coal mines and mining -- Law and legislation -- United States","Politicians -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["United States. Congress -- History -- 20th century","United States. Congress -- Archives","Steel industry and trade","Wireless communication systems -- Law and legislation","Child welfare","Coal miners--West Virginia","Veterans--United States","Health care reform -- United States","Coal mines and mining -- Law and legislation -- United States","Politicians -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2011 Linear Feet record cartons","2 Terabytes"],"extent_tesim":["2011 Linear Feet record cartons","2 Terabytes"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are closed until 2035. Permission to access materials prior to 2035 may be given at the donor's discretion. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials previously made publicly available, such as speeches, press releases, photographs, press interviews, clippings, and publications are open for research. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is stored off-site. Researchers should contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center prior to visiting to ensure materials are available. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome digital materials are available on our \u003ca href=\"https://rockefeller.lib.wvu.edu/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eonline John D. Rockefeller database.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are closed until 2035. Permission to access materials prior to 2035 may be given at the donor's discretion.","Materials previously made publicly available, such as speeches, press releases, photographs, press interviews, clippings, and publications are open for research.","The collection is stored off-site. Researchers should contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center prior to visiting to ensure materials are available.","Some digital materials are available on our online John D. Rockefeller database."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged into six subgroups, and each subgroup is further arranged into series. Digital materials received on external hard drives, USB flash drives, floppy disks, CDs, and DVDs are arranged in the appropriate series and reflect the arrangement of the paper records.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged into six subgroups, and each subgroup is further arranged into series. Digital materials received on external hard drives, USB flash drives, floppy disks, CDs, and DVDs are arranged in the appropriate series and reflect the arrangement of the paper records."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSenator John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV served the people and state of West Virginia for more than 50 years. Rockefeller came to West Virginia in 1964 as a VISTA volunteer in the small community of Emmons, an experience that shaped his extensive career in public service. He served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); President of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). In 1984 he was elected to the United States Senate and was reelected four times, in 1990, 1996, 2002, and 2008, before retiring in 2015.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJay Rockefeller was born in New York, New York, on June 18, 1937, to philanthropists John Davison Rockefeller III and Blanchette Ferry Hooker. He is the great-grandson of John D. Rockefeller, founder of the Standard Oil Company, and nephew of businessman and politician Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller. Jay Rockefeller graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy, New Hampshire, in 1955, and graduated from Harvard University in 1961 with a B.A. in Far Eastern Languages and History. In his junior year at Harvard, he attended the International Christian University in Tokyo, Japan, and he spent three years studying Japanese.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1964, Rockefeller joined the newly formed national service program Volunteers In Service to America (VISTA) aimed at fighting poverty. He served in Emmons, WV, a small mining community located in Boone and Kanawha Counties, for two years. His efforts in Emmons included starting a Little League baseball team, extending school bus service to the rural area, and providing transportation to dental clinics. He built a community center and obtained access to mobile health screenings for women.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockefeller entered politics in 1966 as a Kanawha County candidate for the West Virginia House of Delegates. He changed his party affiliation to Democrat, breaking with the family's traditional affiliation with the Republican Party.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1967, Rockefeller married Sharon Lee Percy, daughter of U.S. Senator Charles Percy of Illinois. Their Chicago wedding was featured on the cover of Life magazine. They had four children: John Davison (Jamie) V, Valerie, Charles, and Justin Aldrich.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe ran for West Virginia Secretary of State in 1968, winning the election against Republican John Callebs. As Secretary of State, Rockefeller pushed for election law reform and broke up several county Democratic political machines. He was successful in making elections more transparent and in reducing instances of election fraud by removing the names of deceased people from the state's official list of registered voters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockefeller announced his candidacy for governor of West Virginia in 1972 against incumbent Republican Governor Arch Moore. Moore won reelection by 72,000 votes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWithin months of his defeat, Rockefeller was named president of West Virginia Wesleyan College, located in Buckhannon, WV. Some of his biggest accomplishments include increasing enrollment, creating an active recruitment campaign, and streamlining operations. He submitted a letter of resignation to the College in 1975 to prepare for the next gubernatorial election, for which he campaigned throughout 1976.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockefeller's second run for governor was successful: he beat Republican candidate Cecil Underwood by more than 242,000 votes, the largest majority in state history. Natural disaster, strikes, and a worsening economy posed serious challenges during his years as governor. In the spring of 1977, major spring floods in the southern West Virginia counties of McDowell, Wayne, Logan, and Ming wiped entire towns away, and made safe housing above flood plains a focus of Rockefeller's administration.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe same year saw the beginning of the 111-day national Bituminous Coal Strike of 1977-1978 led by the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) and the AFL-CIO. Rockefeller refused to call upon the National Guard to suppress the miners' strike. At its conclusion, President Jimmy Carter appointed Rockefeller to lead the first major federal study of coal mining in America in three decades. Rockefeller served as chair of the President's Commission on Coal and pushed for a national energy strategy that included Appalachian coal. He also created the West Virginia Board of Coal Mine Health and Safety, reorganized state agencies, and set up senior centers statewide.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1980, Rockefeller ran for a second term as governor, again facing Republican Arch Moore, and won by 64,000 votes. Rockefeller faced another challenging four years and worked to maintain the state's economy as the federal government cut funding in the midst of an economic downturn, industries struggled to remain open, and unemployment rates across the state rose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the end of his governorship, Rockefeller ran for the United States Senate as a Democrat against businessman John Raese of Morgantown, WV. Rockefeller won the 1984 election by four percentage points and went on to fill the seat left vacant after long-time Senator Jennings Randolph retired.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockefeller began his service in the U.S. Senate on January 15, 1985, and served until 2015. He became a leading champion for health care reform, an advocate for improving the lives of children and working families, and a supporter of the nation's soldiers, veterans, and senior citizens. He served as chair of the Committee on Veterans Affairs (1993-1994, 2001-2003); the Select Committee on Intelligence (2007-2009); the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation (2009-2015); and the Committee on Finance Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (1989-1994, 2001-2003, 2007-2014). He also served as vice-chair of the Select Committee on Intelligence (2003-2006).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe held additional leadership positions as chairman on the Pepper Commission (1987-1990), the U.S. Senate Steel Caucus (1989-1994, 2013-2015, co-chair 1995-2013), the National Commission on Children (1989-1993), and the Democratic Technology and Communications Committee (1995-2003). He was also a member of several Senate groups, including the Steering Committee on Democratic Policy, the Alternative Fuels Council, and the Coal Caucus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInfluenced by his two years in Emmons, WV, Rockefeller championed health care issues, and health care reform throughout his Senate career. He supported measures to improve and modernize Medicare, expand access to health care, and increase health coverage for children, authoring the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP). He introduced and co-sponsored more than 2,000 pieces of major health-related legislation and provided leadership and policy on health care reform for both the Clinton and Obama administrations. During the latter, he contributed to the successful passage of the Affordable Care Act and was a proponent of providing people with a not-for-profit insurance company backed by the government, commonly known as a public option.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe was appointed to the Senate Finance Committee and its Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (later known as the Subcommittee on Health Care) in 1987 and served as chairman of the Subcommittee and ranking member until his retirement. In 1987, he also was elected chair of the U.S. Bipartisan Commission on Comprehensive Health Care, also known as the Pepper Commission, when the commission's original leader, Representative Claude Pepper (D-FL), passed away. The Commission was charged with developing legislation that would provide Americans with comprehensive health and long-term care coverage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn recognition of his contributions to improving the wellbeing of children and families and supporting education, in 1988, President Ronald Reagan appointed Rockefeller chair of the National Commission on Children. Recommendations made by the Commission centered on the creation of a Child Tax Credit, expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit, and improvement to the federal approach to child welfare. As a member of the Finance Committee, he worked on the tax code to provide better financial support to the middle class and working poor. He sought to toughen child support enforcement laws, improve federal adoption and foster care services, and ensure a safe environment for children in the child welfare system with educational programs aimed at substance abuse prevention and treatment. He also worked for renewed investment in schools, school construction, and teachers, particularly those located in rural and impoverished areas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSenator Rockefeller was an advocate for veterans' issues, serving on the Veterans' Affairs Committee for the entirety of his Senate career and acting as both chair and ranking minority member. He especially focused on expanding research and treatment for service-related illnesses, such as Gulf War Illness, Agent Orange, and issues relating to Atomic Veterans. He brought attention to treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the reform of the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThroughout his time in the Senate, Rockefeller was deeply involved with issues related to energy, the environment, coal miners, and mine safety. The first bill Rockefeller introduced in the Senate in 1985 was legislation intended to reduce the backlog of pending black lung cases, and he consistently worked to preserve the Black Lung Trust Fund while protecting coal jobs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1992, he introduced the Coal Act to ensure retired miners received health benefits, and he threatened to keep the Senate in session over Christmas if they refused to pass the bill, which he described as a peak moment in his career. The Coal Act was passed as part of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, creating two new health care funds to protect the health benefits of all union coal miners, along with their widows and dependents. In 1995, the UMWA named him an honorary member, a distinction rarely bestowed on an elected official, because of his efforts on behalf of miners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the January 2006 West Virginia Sago and Aracoma mine disasters, which together led to the deaths of 14 men, Rockefeller brought several senators from the Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee to meet with families of the Sago mine workers. Rockefeller then joined Committee Chair Senator Mike Enzi (R-WY) and Ranking Member Senator Ted Kennedy (D-MA) in drafting the MINER Act, which was signed into law in June 2006, establishing important new mine safety regulations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSenator Rockefeller served on the Senate Select Intelligence Committee, 2001-2014, during critical and difficult years for the SSCI and the intelligence community. In January 2001, then-Democratic leader Tom Daschle (D-SD) appointed Rockefeller to the Committee. Eight months later the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks occurred. In the months following the attacks, the United States launched operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, and in March 2003, invaded Iraq. These events changed the nature and conduct of intelligence oversight. During Rockefeller's tenure on the committee, and particularly during his time as vice chairman and chairman, he made significant contributions in key areas, including the 9/11 investigation; the Iraq War and flawed intelligence on weapons of mass destruction; intelligence community reform; surveillance oversight and reform; the CIA's detention and interrogation program; cybersecurity; and the intelligence authorization process. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRockefeller also made significant contributions to communications policy. He co-authored the Universal Service Program for Schools and Libraries, known as E-Rate, which was authorized as part of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, making telecommunications and information services more affordable for schools and libraries. In 2010, Rockefeller introduced the Public Safety Spectrum Act, which created FirstNet, a nationwide wireless broadband network for the nation's first responders. It was signed into law as part of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012. He also supported net neutrality protections to keep the Internet open and free, and in 2011, he successfully led the Senate Floor against a resolution of disapproval of net neutrality rules.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe also championed the steel industry in West Virginia and the nation, earning him the nickname \"Senator Steel.\" Much of his work, launched largely through his position as co-chair of the Senate Steel Caucus, focused on providing income support and job training to laid-off employees and their families through Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA), working with individual steel companies to mitigate the effects of closure and downsizing, and intervening in steel employee strikes. As a member of both the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on Finance, Rockefeller also addressed concerns about American manufacturing; trade protections and relief for workers negatively impacted by trade; and tax credits supporting research and development and encouraging businesses to build and expand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the state of West Virginia, Senator Rockefeller made jobs and economic development a priority. In 1988 he founded the Discover the Real West Virginia Program (DRWV), later formalized as the Discover the Real West Virginia Foundation, which showcased business and investment opportunities in West Virginia. He launched the \"Project Harvest\" trade mission in 1995 to bring state and international business leaders and investors together. Rockefeller's early experiences in Japan and knowledge of the language and culture aided in attracting the Toyota company to the state, resulting in the opening of the Buffalo, WV, plant in 1996. In the ensuing years, more than 20 other Japanese companies followed. Further, he encouraged the growth of the West Virginia tourism and travel industry through legislation that conserved lands, designated scenic areas, and promoted better transportation infrastructure.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn January 2013, Senator Rockefeller announced that he would not seek reelection. In his retirement announcement, he reflected that \"public service demands, and deserves nothing less than every single thing that you have to bring to bear, and that is what I have given.\" As he prepared to leave the Congress in December 2014, his Senate colleagues offered tributes on the Senate Floor recognizing his impressive legislative record, distinguished career, and legacy of compassionate and conscientious service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources: \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGrimes, Richard S. \"\u003ca href=\"http://www.wvencyclopedia.org/articles/110\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eJay Rockefeller.\u003c/a\u003e\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/video/jay-rockefellers-journey-jay-rockefellers-journey/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eJay: A Rockefeller's Journey.\u003c/a\u003e Produced by Suzanne Higgins and Russ Barbour. 2015. Online video. West Virginia Public Broadcasting.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Energy and Environment Issues (Legacy on Energy, Environment and Coal Miners),\" 2014 May 30, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Review of Senator John D. Rockefeller's Service on the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence: 2001-2015,\" 2014 December 17, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=R000361\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\"Rockefeller, John Davison IV (Jay), (1937 - ).\"\u003c/a\u003e Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774-present.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://www.c-span.org/video/?310340-1/senator-jay-rockefeller-retirement-announcement\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\"Senator Jay Rockefeller Retirement Announcement.\"\u003c/a\u003e 2013 January 11, 2013. Online video clip. C-SPAN. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Senator Rockefeller's Health Care Accomplishments: 99th-113th Congress Memorandum,\" 2014, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/113/crec/2014/12/04/160/147/CREC-2014-12-04.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\"Tributes to John D. Rockefeller.\"\u003c/a\u003e 2014 December 4. Congressional Record 160:147 p. S6343. Congress.gov.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Veterans' Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 April 11, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\n \n\"West Virginia Wesleyan College Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 October, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Diversifying West Virginia's Economy for the 21st Century (Your Legacy Memo on Jobs and Economic Growth in West Virginia),\" 2014, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Your Legacy on FirstNet – Public Safety Spectrum Act,\" 2014 October 24, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Your Legacy on Net Neutrality,\" 2014 October 3, A\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Senator John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV served the people and state of West Virginia for more than 50 years. Rockefeller came to West Virginia in 1964 as a VISTA volunteer in the small community of Emmons, an experience that shaped his extensive career in public service. He served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); President of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). In 1984 he was elected to the United States Senate and was reelected four times, in 1990, 1996, 2002, and 2008, before retiring in 2015.","Jay Rockefeller was born in New York, New York, on June 18, 1937, to philanthropists John Davison Rockefeller III and Blanchette Ferry Hooker. He is the great-grandson of John D. Rockefeller, founder of the Standard Oil Company, and nephew of businessman and politician Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller. Jay Rockefeller graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy, New Hampshire, in 1955, and graduated from Harvard University in 1961 with a B.A. in Far Eastern Languages and History. In his junior year at Harvard, he attended the International Christian University in Tokyo, Japan, and he spent three years studying Japanese.","In 1964, Rockefeller joined the newly formed national service program Volunteers In Service to America (VISTA) aimed at fighting poverty. He served in Emmons, WV, a small mining community located in Boone and Kanawha Counties, for two years. His efforts in Emmons included starting a Little League baseball team, extending school bus service to the rural area, and providing transportation to dental clinics. He built a community center and obtained access to mobile health screenings for women.","Rockefeller entered politics in 1966 as a Kanawha County candidate for the West Virginia House of Delegates. He changed his party affiliation to Democrat, breaking with the family's traditional affiliation with the Republican Party.","In 1967, Rockefeller married Sharon Lee Percy, daughter of U.S. Senator Charles Percy of Illinois. Their Chicago wedding was featured on the cover of Life magazine. They had four children: John Davison (Jamie) V, Valerie, Charles, and Justin Aldrich.","He ran for West Virginia Secretary of State in 1968, winning the election against Republican John Callebs. As Secretary of State, Rockefeller pushed for election law reform and broke up several county Democratic political machines. He was successful in making elections more transparent and in reducing instances of election fraud by removing the names of deceased people from the state's official list of registered voters.","Rockefeller announced his candidacy for governor of West Virginia in 1972 against incumbent Republican Governor Arch Moore. Moore won reelection by 72,000 votes.","Within months of his defeat, Rockefeller was named president of West Virginia Wesleyan College, located in Buckhannon, WV. Some of his biggest accomplishments include increasing enrollment, creating an active recruitment campaign, and streamlining operations. He submitted a letter of resignation to the College in 1975 to prepare for the next gubernatorial election, for which he campaigned throughout 1976.","Rockefeller's second run for governor was successful: he beat Republican candidate Cecil Underwood by more than 242,000 votes, the largest majority in state history. Natural disaster, strikes, and a worsening economy posed serious challenges during his years as governor. In the spring of 1977, major spring floods in the southern West Virginia counties of McDowell, Wayne, Logan, and Ming wiped entire towns away, and made safe housing above flood plains a focus of Rockefeller's administration.","The same year saw the beginning of the 111-day national Bituminous Coal Strike of 1977-1978 led by the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) and the AFL-CIO. Rockefeller refused to call upon the National Guard to suppress the miners' strike. At its conclusion, President Jimmy Carter appointed Rockefeller to lead the first major federal study of coal mining in America in three decades. Rockefeller served as chair of the President's Commission on Coal and pushed for a national energy strategy that included Appalachian coal. He also created the West Virginia Board of Coal Mine Health and Safety, reorganized state agencies, and set up senior centers statewide.","In 1980, Rockefeller ran for a second term as governor, again facing Republican Arch Moore, and won by 64,000 votes. Rockefeller faced another challenging four years and worked to maintain the state's economy as the federal government cut funding in the midst of an economic downturn, industries struggled to remain open, and unemployment rates across the state rose.","At the end of his governorship, Rockefeller ran for the United States Senate as a Democrat against businessman John Raese of Morgantown, WV. Rockefeller won the 1984 election by four percentage points and went on to fill the seat left vacant after long-time Senator Jennings Randolph retired.","Rockefeller began his service in the U.S. Senate on January 15, 1985, and served until 2015. He became a leading champion for health care reform, an advocate for improving the lives of children and working families, and a supporter of the nation's soldiers, veterans, and senior citizens. He served as chair of the Committee on Veterans Affairs (1993-1994, 2001-2003); the Select Committee on Intelligence (2007-2009); the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation (2009-2015); and the Committee on Finance Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (1989-1994, 2001-2003, 2007-2014). He also served as vice-chair of the Select Committee on Intelligence (2003-2006).","He held additional leadership positions as chairman on the Pepper Commission (1987-1990), the U.S. Senate Steel Caucus (1989-1994, 2013-2015, co-chair 1995-2013), the National Commission on Children (1989-1993), and the Democratic Technology and Communications Committee (1995-2003). He was also a member of several Senate groups, including the Steering Committee on Democratic Policy, the Alternative Fuels Council, and the Coal Caucus.","Influenced by his two years in Emmons, WV, Rockefeller championed health care issues, and health care reform throughout his Senate career. He supported measures to improve and modernize Medicare, expand access to health care, and increase health coverage for children, authoring the Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP). He introduced and co-sponsored more than 2,000 pieces of major health-related legislation and provided leadership and policy on health care reform for both the Clinton and Obama administrations. During the latter, he contributed to the successful passage of the Affordable Care Act and was a proponent of providing people with a not-for-profit insurance company backed by the government, commonly known as a public option.","He was appointed to the Senate Finance Committee and its Subcommittee on Medicare and Long-term Care (later known as the Subcommittee on Health Care) in 1987 and served as chairman of the Subcommittee and ranking member until his retirement. In 1987, he also was elected chair of the U.S. Bipartisan Commission on Comprehensive Health Care, also known as the Pepper Commission, when the commission's original leader, Representative Claude Pepper (D-FL), passed away. The Commission was charged with developing legislation that would provide Americans with comprehensive health and long-term care coverage.","In recognition of his contributions to improving the wellbeing of children and families and supporting education, in 1988, President Ronald Reagan appointed Rockefeller chair of the National Commission on Children. Recommendations made by the Commission centered on the creation of a Child Tax Credit, expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit, and improvement to the federal approach to child welfare. As a member of the Finance Committee, he worked on the tax code to provide better financial support to the middle class and working poor. He sought to toughen child support enforcement laws, improve federal adoption and foster care services, and ensure a safe environment for children in the child welfare system with educational programs aimed at substance abuse prevention and treatment. He also worked for renewed investment in schools, school construction, and teachers, particularly those located in rural and impoverished areas.","Senator Rockefeller was an advocate for veterans' issues, serving on the Veterans' Affairs Committee for the entirety of his Senate career and acting as both chair and ranking minority member. He especially focused on expanding research and treatment for service-related illnesses, such as Gulf War Illness, Agent Orange, and issues relating to Atomic Veterans. He brought attention to treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the reform of the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system.","Throughout his time in the Senate, Rockefeller was deeply involved with issues related to energy, the environment, coal miners, and mine safety. The first bill Rockefeller introduced in the Senate in 1985 was legislation intended to reduce the backlog of pending black lung cases, and he consistently worked to preserve the Black Lung Trust Fund while protecting coal jobs.","In 1992, he introduced the Coal Act to ensure retired miners received health benefits, and he threatened to keep the Senate in session over Christmas if they refused to pass the bill, which he described as a peak moment in his career. The Coal Act was passed as part of the Energy Policy Act of 1992, creating two new health care funds to protect the health benefits of all union coal miners, along with their widows and dependents. In 1995, the UMWA named him an honorary member, a distinction rarely bestowed on an elected official, because of his efforts on behalf of miners.","Following the January 2006 West Virginia Sago and Aracoma mine disasters, which together led to the deaths of 14 men, Rockefeller brought several senators from the Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee to meet with families of the Sago mine workers. Rockefeller then joined Committee Chair Senator Mike Enzi (R-WY) and Ranking Member Senator Ted Kennedy (D-MA) in drafting the MINER Act, which was signed into law in June 2006, establishing important new mine safety regulations.","Senator Rockefeller served on the Senate Select Intelligence Committee, 2001-2014, during critical and difficult years for the SSCI and the intelligence community. In January 2001, then-Democratic leader Tom Daschle (D-SD) appointed Rockefeller to the Committee. Eight months later the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks occurred. In the months following the attacks, the United States launched operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, and in March 2003, invaded Iraq. These events changed the nature and conduct of intelligence oversight. During Rockefeller's tenure on the committee, and particularly during his time as vice chairman and chairman, he made significant contributions in key areas, including the 9/11 investigation; the Iraq War and flawed intelligence on weapons of mass destruction; intelligence community reform; surveillance oversight and reform; the CIA's detention and interrogation program; cybersecurity; and the intelligence authorization process.","Rockefeller also made significant contributions to communications policy. He co-authored the Universal Service Program for Schools and Libraries, known as E-Rate, which was authorized as part of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, making telecommunications and information services more affordable for schools and libraries. In 2010, Rockefeller introduced the Public Safety Spectrum Act, which created FirstNet, a nationwide wireless broadband network for the nation's first responders. It was signed into law as part of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012. He also supported net neutrality protections to keep the Internet open and free, and in 2011, he successfully led the Senate Floor against a resolution of disapproval of net neutrality rules.","He also championed the steel industry in West Virginia and the nation, earning him the nickname \"Senator Steel.\" Much of his work, launched largely through his position as co-chair of the Senate Steel Caucus, focused on providing income support and job training to laid-off employees and their families through Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA), working with individual steel companies to mitigate the effects of closure and downsizing, and intervening in steel employee strikes. As a member of both the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on Finance, Rockefeller also addressed concerns about American manufacturing; trade protections and relief for workers negatively impacted by trade; and tax credits supporting research and development and encouraging businesses to build and expand.","For the state of West Virginia, Senator Rockefeller made jobs and economic development a priority. In 1988 he founded the Discover the Real West Virginia Program (DRWV), later formalized as the Discover the Real West Virginia Foundation, which showcased business and investment opportunities in West Virginia. He launched the \"Project Harvest\" trade mission in 1995 to bring state and international business leaders and investors together. Rockefeller's early experiences in Japan and knowledge of the language and culture aided in attracting the Toyota company to the state, resulting in the opening of the Buffalo, WV, plant in 1996. In the ensuing years, more than 20 other Japanese companies followed. Further, he encouraged the growth of the West Virginia tourism and travel industry through legislation that conserved lands, designated scenic areas, and promoted better transportation infrastructure.","In January 2013, Senator Rockefeller announced that he would not seek reelection. In his retirement announcement, he reflected that \"public service demands, and deserves nothing less than every single thing that you have to bring to bear, and that is what I have given.\" As he prepared to leave the Congress in December 2014, his Senate colleagues offered tributes on the Senate Floor recognizing his impressive legislative record, distinguished career, and legacy of compassionate and conscientious service.","Sources:","Grimes, Richard S. \"Jay Rockefeller.\" The West Virginia Encyclopedia.","Jay: A Rockefeller's Journey. Produced by Suzanne Higgins and Russ Barbour. 2015. Online video. West Virginia Public Broadcasting.","\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Energy and Environment Issues (Legacy on Energy, Environment and Coal Miners),\" 2014 May 30, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Review of Senator John D. Rockefeller's Service on the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence: 2001-2015,\" 2014 December 17, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Rockefeller, John Davison IV (Jay), (1937 - ).\" Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774-present.","\"Senator Jay Rockefeller Retirement Announcement.\" 2013 January 11, 2013. Online video clip. C-SPAN.","\"Senator Rockefeller's Health Care Accomplishments: 99th-113th Congress Memorandum,\" 2014, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Tributes to John D. Rockefeller.\" 2014 December 4. Congressional Record 160:147 p. S6343. Congress.gov.","\"Veterans' Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 April 11, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\n \n\"West Virginia Wesleyan College Legacy Memorandum,\" 2014 October, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"A Record of Achievement for West Virginia: Diversifying West Virginia's Economy for the 21st Century (Your Legacy Memo on Jobs and Economic Growth in West Virginia),\" 2014, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Your Legacy on FirstNet – Public Safety Spectrum Act,\" 2014 October 24, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.","\"Your Legacy on Net Neutrality,\" 2014 October 3, A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA\u0026amp;M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["A\u0026M 4050, Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Danielle Emerling, 2015-\nProcessing assistants: Ashley Brooker, Dzondria Tarver, Leo Gmeindl, Casey DeHaven, Joshua Childs\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are in process. The contents of this finding aid will be revised as progress is made on the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Danielle Emerling, 2015-\nProcessing assistants: Ashley Brooker, Dzondria Tarver, Leo Gmeindl, Casey DeHaven, Joshua Childs","The Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers are in process. The contents of this finding aid will be revised as progress is made on the collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career.  The records were maintained by Senator Rockefeller's Washington, DC, office and West Virginia state offices in Charleston, Beckley, Fairmont, and Martinsburg. Record formats include papers, audiovisual materials, born-digital resources, photographs, and memorabilia. The collection consists of approximately 2011 linear feet of paper records and two terabytes of electronic records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first subgroup, Constituent Services, reflects the work Senator Rockefeller and his staff performed for the state and people of West Virginia. It consists of constituent casework, issue mail, grant and project files, and academy files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe second subgroup, Legislative files, is composed of materials related to legislative and committee work. Legislative staff files; subject files; correspondence; committee files; and legislative activities, voting records, and accomplishments comprise this subgroup. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe third subgroup, Press files, illustrates Senator Rockefeller's interactions with the media and outreach to the state of West Virginia and his constituents. It contains press staff files, speeches and statements, press releases, photographs, audiovisual materials, clippings, publications, and newsletters and mailings. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fourth subgroup, Personal and Political files, consists of Legacy Memos, schedules, personal files and correspondence, campaign files, and trip files.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe fifth subgroup, Office files, contains a small number of office management files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe sixth subgroup, Memorabilia, consists of a large collection of framed items, plaques, and objects, many of which Senator Rockefeller received as gifts during his service. It contains a large number of foreign gifts, particularly from Japan and Taiwan. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career.  The records were maintained by Senator Rockefeller's Washington, DC, office and West Virginia state offices in Charleston, Beckley, Fairmont, and Martinsburg. Record formats include papers, audiovisual materials, born-digital resources, photographs, and memorabilia. The collection consists of approximately 2011 linear feet of paper records and two terabytes of electronic records.","The first subgroup, Constituent Services, reflects the work Senator Rockefeller and his staff performed for the state and people of West Virginia. It consists of constituent casework, issue mail, grant and project files, and academy files.","The second subgroup, Legislative files, is composed of materials related to legislative and committee work. Legislative staff files; subject files; correspondence; committee files; and legislative activities, voting records, and accomplishments comprise this subgroup.","The third subgroup, Press files, illustrates Senator Rockefeller's interactions with the media and outreach to the state of West Virginia and his constituents. It contains press staff files, speeches and statements, press releases, photographs, audiovisual materials, clippings, publications, and newsletters and mailings.","The fourth subgroup, Personal and Political files, consists of Legacy Memos, schedules, personal files and correspondence, campaign files, and trip files.","The fifth subgroup, Office files, contains a small number of office management files.","The sixth subgroup, Memorabilia, consists of a large collection of framed items, plaques, and objects, many of which Senator Rockefeller received as gifts during his service. It contains a large number of foreign gifts, particularly from Japan and Taiwan."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials may contain sensitive or private information. Researchers may use data collected from these materials in the statistical aggregate or as an example to illustrate a theme. No identifying information should point to specific individuals or families mentioned in the files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials produced by public servants while carrying out official duties are not copyrighted. Materials created outside of official duties, including diaries, personal correspondence, and campaign materials, are protected by copyright. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please contact the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials may contain sensitive or private information. Researchers may use data collected from these materials in the statistical aggregate or as an example to illustrate a theme. No identifying information should point to specific individuals or families mentioned in the files.","Materials produced by public servants while carrying out official duties are not copyrighted. Materials created outside of official duties, including diaries, personal correspondence, and campaign materials, are protected by copyright. Use of materials from this collection beyond the exceptions provided for in the Fair Use and Educational Use clauses of the U.S. Copyright Law may violate federal law. Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please contact the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_5d14eb4df51da22c7256b340d3bf4196\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eJohn Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV (b. 1937) represented West Virginia in the United States Senate for five terms. He was elected as a Democrat to the Ninety-ninth Congress and served from January 15, 1985, to January 3, 2015. He was not a candidate for reelection in 2014. Rockefeller previously served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); president of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). From 1964-1966, he was a volunteer in the Volunteers In Service To America (VISTA) program in Emmons, West Virginia. The bulk of the Senator John D. (Jay) Rockefeller IV papers document his 30-year career in the United States Senate with additional materials related to his earlier political career.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["John Davison (Jay) Rockefeller IV (b. 1937) represented West Virginia in the United States Senate for five terms. He was elected as a Democrat to the Ninety-ninth Congress and served from January 15, 1985, to January 3, 2015. He was not a candidate for reelection in 2014. Rockefeller previously served in the West Virginia House of Delegates (1966-1968); as Secretary of State of West Virginia (1968-1972); president of West Virginia Wesleyan College (1973-1976); and Governor of West Virginia (1977-1985). From 1964-1966, he was a volunteer in the Volunteers In Service To America (VISTA) program in Emmons, West Virginia. The bulk of the Senator John D. 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