{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2007\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Blacksburg+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=2007\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Blacksburg+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":8,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Blacksburg Baptist Church Records, 1894/2007","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4207.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Blacksburg Baptist Church Records","title_ssm":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records"],"title_tesim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1894-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1894-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1894/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records, 1894/2007"],"text":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records, 1894/2007","Ms.2024.001","/repositories/2/resources/4207","Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Religion","Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged based on the types of materials and organizations. All materials are organized chronologically within the sub-series.","The guide to the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection was completed in May 2024.","The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.","Series I: Baptist Young People's Union contains the records of the organization. Materials consists of items in the 1930s.","Series II: Church Building Committee contains records related to the construction of the church and rooms. Materials are organized by the type of material. There are architectural documents with designs for a new church building. There are building codes, contracts, plans and studies. The correspondences consist of letters regarding the church construction, including the architect. Film strips, micro slide films, and photographs include architectural designs and photographs of completed construction. The notes and reports explain plans for the construction.","Series III: Church Bulletins contains the church service bulletins. The bulletins contain the church service dates and order of worship. This includes information on the order of events, music, prayers, scripture readings, communion, and more. Bulletins also list upcoming events during the week and other announcements. They also list the church's leadership members.","Series IV: Correspondences contains correspondences related to church activities. Some correspondences have been separated into other series, including Series II: Church Building Committee. The series is organized based on the author of the letter. Some authors only wrote one or two letters, and they have been organized into the bulk \"Multiple Authors\" sub-series. There are also copied duplicates of letters.","Series V: Financials consists of all documents related to financial information. This includes annual reports, bank deposit books, checkbooks, ledger books, memorials record books, and treasurer's book. There are also multiple years of reports documents that discuss quarterly and yearly finances at the church and the church's organizations. The series also contain bills, checks, coal tickets, and freight bills. Finally, there are finance committee minutes books that provide information on the committee's discussions.","Series VI: Leadership contains documents about and from the church's leaders. This includes Constitutions and By-Laws for the church. The deacons minutes books provide details on deacons meetings. There are also sermon outlines and reverend papers. Finally, reports include documents on pastor searches and current leadership. There are some financial reports directly related to the leadership.","Series VII: Manuscripts consists of drafst of short stories and the history of Blacksburg Baptist Church. The History of Blacksburg Baptist Church is the primary work in the series, and includes documents related to revisions.","Series VIII: Membership consists of multiple documents related to the members of the church. This includes attendance and registration records. There are church directories of the membership and leadership. The Church Dismissal Letters contain letters for people joining the church or leaving to attend a different church. The newsletters contain documents related to the church news and events. A scrapbook and wedding newspaper clippings are also found in this series.","Series IX: Photographs contains film strips, micro slide films, negatives, and photographs. The photographs were separated into buildings and people sections. Some photographs were placed in Series II: Church Building Committee because they were directly related to construction of the church.","Series X: Women's Missionary Society contains documents related to the women's organization. These include meeting minutes, membership records, pamphlets, record book, and reports for the organization.","Series XI: Women's Missionary Union consists of documents for the women's organization. There are certificates, memorial documents, a ledger book, reports, and yearbooks. There are multiple notebooks for the organization. The scrapbook in box 10 includes magazine and newspaper clippings that discuss the War on Terror and missionary work in the Middle East and South Asia. The clippings provide a fascinating glimpse into the Baptist Church and War on Terror.","Series XII: Microfilm Copies contains printed microfilm documents. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series.","Series XIII: Permanent File Copies contains printed document copies. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. These documents are the same as the ones in Series XII, but includes two additional years worth of documents.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)","Materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records, 1894/2007"],"collection_ssim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records, 1894/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.001","/repositories/2/resources/4207"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.001","/repositories/2/resources/4207"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections in May 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Religion","Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Religion","Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18 Cubic Feet 11 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["18 Cubic Feet 11 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged based on the types of materials and organizations. All materials are organized chronologically within the sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged based on the types of materials and organizations. All materials are organized chronologically within the sub-series."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection, 1894 - 2007, Ms2014-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection, 1894 - 2007, Ms2014-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection was completed in May 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection was completed in May 2024."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Baptist Young People's Union contains the records of the organization. Materials consists of items in the 1930s. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Church Building Committee contains records related to the construction of the church and rooms. Materials are organized by the type of material. There are architectural documents with designs for a new church building. There are building codes, contracts, plans and studies. The correspondences consist of letters regarding the church construction, including the architect. Film strips, micro slide films, and photographs include architectural designs and photographs of completed construction. The notes and reports explain plans for the construction. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Church Bulletins contains the church service bulletins. The bulletins contain the church service dates and order of worship. This includes information on the order of events, music, prayers, scripture readings, communion, and more. Bulletins also list upcoming events during the week and other announcements. They also list the church's leadership members. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Correspondences contains correspondences related to church activities. Some correspondences have been separated into other series, including Series II: Church Building Committee. The series is organized based on the author of the letter. Some authors only wrote one or two letters, and they have been organized into the bulk \"Multiple Authors\" sub-series. There are also copied duplicates of letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Financials consists of all documents related to financial information. This includes annual reports, bank deposit books, checkbooks, ledger books, memorials record books, and treasurer's book. There are also multiple years of reports documents that discuss quarterly and yearly finances at the church and the church's organizations. The series also contain bills, checks, coal tickets, and freight bills. Finally, there are finance committee minutes books that provide information on the committee's discussions. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Leadership contains documents about and from the church's leaders. This includes Constitutions and By-Laws for the church. The deacons minutes books provide details on deacons meetings. There are also sermon outlines and reverend papers. Finally, reports include documents on pastor searches and current leadership. There are some financial reports directly related to the leadership. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Manuscripts consists of drafst of short stories and the history of Blacksburg Baptist Church. The History of Blacksburg Baptist Church is the primary work in the series, and includes documents related to revisions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Membership consists of multiple documents related to the members of the church. This includes attendance and registration records. There are church directories of the membership and leadership. The Church Dismissal Letters contain letters for people joining the church or leaving to attend a different church. The newsletters contain documents related to the church news and events. A scrapbook and wedding newspaper clippings are also found in this series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: Photographs contains film strips, micro slide films, negatives, and photographs. The photographs were separated into buildings and people sections. Some photographs were placed in Series II: Church Building Committee because they were directly related to construction of the church. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries X: Women's Missionary Society contains documents related to the women's organization. These include meeting minutes, membership records, pamphlets, record book, and reports for the organization. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI: Women's Missionary Union consists of documents for the women's organization. There are certificates, memorial documents, a ledger book, reports, and yearbooks. There are multiple notebooks for the organization. The scrapbook in box 10 includes magazine and newspaper clippings that discuss the War on Terror and missionary work in the Middle East and South Asia. The clippings provide a fascinating glimpse into the Baptist Church and War on Terror. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII: Microfilm Copies contains printed microfilm documents. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII: Permanent File Copies contains printed document copies. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. These documents are the same as the ones in Series XII, but includes two additional years worth of documents. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.","Series I: Baptist Young People's Union contains the records of the organization. Materials consists of items in the 1930s.","Series II: Church Building Committee contains records related to the construction of the church and rooms. Materials are organized by the type of material. There are architectural documents with designs for a new church building. There are building codes, contracts, plans and studies. The correspondences consist of letters regarding the church construction, including the architect. Film strips, micro slide films, and photographs include architectural designs and photographs of completed construction. The notes and reports explain plans for the construction.","Series III: Church Bulletins contains the church service bulletins. The bulletins contain the church service dates and order of worship. This includes information on the order of events, music, prayers, scripture readings, communion, and more. Bulletins also list upcoming events during the week and other announcements. They also list the church's leadership members.","Series IV: Correspondences contains correspondences related to church activities. Some correspondences have been separated into other series, including Series II: Church Building Committee. The series is organized based on the author of the letter. Some authors only wrote one or two letters, and they have been organized into the bulk \"Multiple Authors\" sub-series. There are also copied duplicates of letters.","Series V: Financials consists of all documents related to financial information. This includes annual reports, bank deposit books, checkbooks, ledger books, memorials record books, and treasurer's book. There are also multiple years of reports documents that discuss quarterly and yearly finances at the church and the church's organizations. The series also contain bills, checks, coal tickets, and freight bills. Finally, there are finance committee minutes books that provide information on the committee's discussions.","Series VI: Leadership contains documents about and from the church's leaders. This includes Constitutions and By-Laws for the church. The deacons minutes books provide details on deacons meetings. There are also sermon outlines and reverend papers. Finally, reports include documents on pastor searches and current leadership. There are some financial reports directly related to the leadership.","Series VII: Manuscripts consists of drafst of short stories and the history of Blacksburg Baptist Church. The History of Blacksburg Baptist Church is the primary work in the series, and includes documents related to revisions.","Series VIII: Membership consists of multiple documents related to the members of the church. This includes attendance and registration records. There are church directories of the membership and leadership. The Church Dismissal Letters contain letters for people joining the church or leaving to attend a different church. The newsletters contain documents related to the church news and events. A scrapbook and wedding newspaper clippings are also found in this series.","Series IX: Photographs contains film strips, micro slide films, negatives, and photographs. The photographs were separated into buildings and people sections. Some photographs were placed in Series II: Church Building Committee because they were directly related to construction of the church.","Series X: Women's Missionary Society contains documents related to the women's organization. These include meeting minutes, membership records, pamphlets, record book, and reports for the organization.","Series XI: Women's Missionary Union consists of documents for the women's organization. There are certificates, memorial documents, a ledger book, reports, and yearbooks. There are multiple notebooks for the organization. The scrapbook in box 10 includes magazine and newspaper clippings that discuss the War on Terror and missionary work in the Middle East and South Asia. The clippings provide a fascinating glimpse into the Baptist Church and War on Terror.","Series XII: Microfilm Copies contains printed microfilm documents. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series.","Series XIII: Permanent File Copies contains printed document copies. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. These documents are the same as the ones in Series XII, but includes two additional years worth of documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bfe562b57409aeba3b3010873097f771\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":308,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:50:43.410Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4207.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Blacksburg Baptist Church Records","title_ssm":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records"],"title_tesim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1894-2007"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1894-2007"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1894/2007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records, 1894/2007"],"text":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records, 1894/2007","Ms.2024.001","/repositories/2/resources/4207","Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Religion","Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged based on the types of materials and organizations. All materials are organized chronologically within the sub-series.","The guide to the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection was completed in May 2024.","The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.","Series I: Baptist Young People's Union contains the records of the organization. Materials consists of items in the 1930s.","Series II: Church Building Committee contains records related to the construction of the church and rooms. Materials are organized by the type of material. There are architectural documents with designs for a new church building. There are building codes, contracts, plans and studies. The correspondences consist of letters regarding the church construction, including the architect. Film strips, micro slide films, and photographs include architectural designs and photographs of completed construction. The notes and reports explain plans for the construction.","Series III: Church Bulletins contains the church service bulletins. The bulletins contain the church service dates and order of worship. This includes information on the order of events, music, prayers, scripture readings, communion, and more. Bulletins also list upcoming events during the week and other announcements. They also list the church's leadership members.","Series IV: Correspondences contains correspondences related to church activities. Some correspondences have been separated into other series, including Series II: Church Building Committee. The series is organized based on the author of the letter. Some authors only wrote one or two letters, and they have been organized into the bulk \"Multiple Authors\" sub-series. There are also copied duplicates of letters.","Series V: Financials consists of all documents related to financial information. This includes annual reports, bank deposit books, checkbooks, ledger books, memorials record books, and treasurer's book. There are also multiple years of reports documents that discuss quarterly and yearly finances at the church and the church's organizations. The series also contain bills, checks, coal tickets, and freight bills. Finally, there are finance committee minutes books that provide information on the committee's discussions.","Series VI: Leadership contains documents about and from the church's leaders. This includes Constitutions and By-Laws for the church. The deacons minutes books provide details on deacons meetings. There are also sermon outlines and reverend papers. Finally, reports include documents on pastor searches and current leadership. There are some financial reports directly related to the leadership.","Series VII: Manuscripts consists of drafst of short stories and the history of Blacksburg Baptist Church. The History of Blacksburg Baptist Church is the primary work in the series, and includes documents related to revisions.","Series VIII: Membership consists of multiple documents related to the members of the church. This includes attendance and registration records. There are church directories of the membership and leadership. The Church Dismissal Letters contain letters for people joining the church or leaving to attend a different church. The newsletters contain documents related to the church news and events. A scrapbook and wedding newspaper clippings are also found in this series.","Series IX: Photographs contains film strips, micro slide films, negatives, and photographs. The photographs were separated into buildings and people sections. Some photographs were placed in Series II: Church Building Committee because they were directly related to construction of the church.","Series X: Women's Missionary Society contains documents related to the women's organization. These include meeting minutes, membership records, pamphlets, record book, and reports for the organization.","Series XI: Women's Missionary Union consists of documents for the women's organization. There are certificates, memorial documents, a ledger book, reports, and yearbooks. There are multiple notebooks for the organization. The scrapbook in box 10 includes magazine and newspaper clippings that discuss the War on Terror and missionary work in the Middle East and South Asia. The clippings provide a fascinating glimpse into the Baptist Church and War on Terror.","Series XII: Microfilm Copies contains printed microfilm documents. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series.","Series XIII: Permanent File Copies contains printed document copies. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. These documents are the same as the ones in Series XII, but includes two additional years worth of documents.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)","Materials in this collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records, 1894/2007"],"collection_ssim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church Records, 1894/2007"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2024.001","/repositories/2/resources/4207"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2024.001","/repositories/2/resources/4207"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections in May 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Religion","Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Religion","Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18 Cubic Feet 11 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["18 Cubic Feet 11 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks","Correspondence","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged based on the types of materials and organizations. All materials are organized chronologically within the sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged based on the types of materials and organizations. All materials are organized chronologically within the sub-series."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection, 1894 - 2007, Ms2014-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection, 1894 - 2007, Ms2014-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection was completed in May 2024.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg Baptist Church Records Collection was completed in May 2024."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries I: Baptist Young People's Union contains the records of the organization. Materials consists of items in the 1930s. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries II: Church Building Committee contains records related to the construction of the church and rooms. Materials are organized by the type of material. There are architectural documents with designs for a new church building. There are building codes, contracts, plans and studies. The correspondences consist of letters regarding the church construction, including the architect. Film strips, micro slide films, and photographs include architectural designs and photographs of completed construction. The notes and reports explain plans for the construction. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries III: Church Bulletins contains the church service bulletins. The bulletins contain the church service dates and order of worship. This includes information on the order of events, music, prayers, scripture readings, communion, and more. Bulletins also list upcoming events during the week and other announcements. They also list the church's leadership members. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV: Correspondences contains correspondences related to church activities. Some correspondences have been separated into other series, including Series II: Church Building Committee. The series is organized based on the author of the letter. Some authors only wrote one or two letters, and they have been organized into the bulk \"Multiple Authors\" sub-series. There are also copied duplicates of letters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries V: Financials consists of all documents related to financial information. This includes annual reports, bank deposit books, checkbooks, ledger books, memorials record books, and treasurer's book. There are also multiple years of reports documents that discuss quarterly and yearly finances at the church and the church's organizations. The series also contain bills, checks, coal tickets, and freight bills. Finally, there are finance committee minutes books that provide information on the committee's discussions. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI: Leadership contains documents about and from the church's leaders. This includes Constitutions and By-Laws for the church. The deacons minutes books provide details on deacons meetings. There are also sermon outlines and reverend papers. Finally, reports include documents on pastor searches and current leadership. There are some financial reports directly related to the leadership. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VII: Manuscripts consists of drafst of short stories and the history of Blacksburg Baptist Church. The History of Blacksburg Baptist Church is the primary work in the series, and includes documents related to revisions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries VIII: Membership consists of multiple documents related to the members of the church. This includes attendance and registration records. There are church directories of the membership and leadership. The Church Dismissal Letters contain letters for people joining the church or leaving to attend a different church. The newsletters contain documents related to the church news and events. A scrapbook and wedding newspaper clippings are also found in this series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries IX: Photographs contains film strips, micro slide films, negatives, and photographs. The photographs were separated into buildings and people sections. Some photographs were placed in Series II: Church Building Committee because they were directly related to construction of the church. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries X: Women's Missionary Society contains documents related to the women's organization. These include meeting minutes, membership records, pamphlets, record book, and reports for the organization. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XI: Women's Missionary Union consists of documents for the women's organization. There are certificates, memorial documents, a ledger book, reports, and yearbooks. There are multiple notebooks for the organization. The scrapbook in box 10 includes magazine and newspaper clippings that discuss the War on Terror and missionary work in the Middle East and South Asia. The clippings provide a fascinating glimpse into the Baptist Church and War on Terror. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XII: Microfilm Copies contains printed microfilm documents. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries XIII: Permanent File Copies contains printed document copies. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. These documents are the same as the ones in Series XII, but includes two additional years worth of documents. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.","Series I: Baptist Young People's Union contains the records of the organization. Materials consists of items in the 1930s.","Series II: Church Building Committee contains records related to the construction of the church and rooms. Materials are organized by the type of material. There are architectural documents with designs for a new church building. There are building codes, contracts, plans and studies. The correspondences consist of letters regarding the church construction, including the architect. Film strips, micro slide films, and photographs include architectural designs and photographs of completed construction. The notes and reports explain plans for the construction.","Series III: Church Bulletins contains the church service bulletins. The bulletins contain the church service dates and order of worship. This includes information on the order of events, music, prayers, scripture readings, communion, and more. Bulletins also list upcoming events during the week and other announcements. They also list the church's leadership members.","Series IV: Correspondences contains correspondences related to church activities. Some correspondences have been separated into other series, including Series II: Church Building Committee. The series is organized based on the author of the letter. Some authors only wrote one or two letters, and they have been organized into the bulk \"Multiple Authors\" sub-series. There are also copied duplicates of letters.","Series V: Financials consists of all documents related to financial information. This includes annual reports, bank deposit books, checkbooks, ledger books, memorials record books, and treasurer's book. There are also multiple years of reports documents that discuss quarterly and yearly finances at the church and the church's organizations. The series also contain bills, checks, coal tickets, and freight bills. Finally, there are finance committee minutes books that provide information on the committee's discussions.","Series VI: Leadership contains documents about and from the church's leaders. This includes Constitutions and By-Laws for the church. The deacons minutes books provide details on deacons meetings. There are also sermon outlines and reverend papers. Finally, reports include documents on pastor searches and current leadership. There are some financial reports directly related to the leadership.","Series VII: Manuscripts consists of drafst of short stories and the history of Blacksburg Baptist Church. The History of Blacksburg Baptist Church is the primary work in the series, and includes documents related to revisions.","Series VIII: Membership consists of multiple documents related to the members of the church. This includes attendance and registration records. There are church directories of the membership and leadership. The Church Dismissal Letters contain letters for people joining the church or leaving to attend a different church. The newsletters contain documents related to the church news and events. A scrapbook and wedding newspaper clippings are also found in this series.","Series IX: Photographs contains film strips, micro slide films, negatives, and photographs. The photographs were separated into buildings and people sections. Some photographs were placed in Series II: Church Building Committee because they were directly related to construction of the church.","Series X: Women's Missionary Society contains documents related to the women's organization. These include meeting minutes, membership records, pamphlets, record book, and reports for the organization.","Series XI: Women's Missionary Union consists of documents for the women's organization. There are certificates, memorial documents, a ledger book, reports, and yearbooks. There are multiple notebooks for the organization. The scrapbook in box 10 includes magazine and newspaper clippings that discuss the War on Terror and missionary work in the Middle East and South Asia. The clippings provide a fascinating glimpse into the Baptist Church and War on Terror.","Series XII: Microfilm Copies contains printed microfilm documents. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series.","Series XIII: Permanent File Copies contains printed document copies. These contain documents that are located in the other series along with copies of documents not in the other series. These documents are the same as the ones in Series XII, but includes two additional years worth of documents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\nhttp://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bfe562b57409aeba3b3010873097f771\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of records from the Blacksburg Baptist Church, currently known as Church on Main in Blacksburg. The boxes contain materials related to financial records, minutes, church history, scrapbooks, photographs, ledger books, cassette tapes, correspondence, and more. The collection is organized based on organizations and types of records. This includes the Baptist Young People's Union, Church Building Committee, Church Bulletins, Correspondences, Financials, Leadership, Manuscripts, Membership, Photographs, Women's Missionary Society, and Women's Missionary Union. There are also printed out copies of microfilm pages which have been sorted into the \"microfilm copies\" and \"permanent file copies.\" Many of the documents in these two series are duplicates of the original materials found in the other series. Some of the materials in the microfilm and permanent file copies are not found in the originals."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Baptist Church (Blacksburg, Va)"],"language_ssim":["Materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":308,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:50:43.410Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4207"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hard Times Blues Collection, 1966/2019","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The \u003cem\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/em\u003e Collection contains materials about the play \u003cem\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/em\u003e by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3426.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hard Times Blues Collection","title_ssm":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"title_tesim":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966, 2001, 2003, 2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966, 2001, 2003, 2019"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1966/2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hard Times Blues Collection, 1966/2019"],"text":["Hard Times Blues Collection, 1966/2019","Ms.2019.038","Blacksburg (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs","The collection is open for research.","Virginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.","According to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history The Bugle's Echo, Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).","In 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).","On August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.","In December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.","Floyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.","Sources\n      Blacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\n      Biographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\n      The Bugle's Echo by Col. Harry Temple\n      Marriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org\n      Draft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org\n      Death certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com\n      Death certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org\n      U.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com","Playwright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation, Eminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026 Development of Five Actresses melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.","Sweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of Hard Times Blues (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play Nashville Dreams in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville.","The guide to the Hard Times Blues Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Hard Times Blues Collection was completed in July 2019.","The Hard Times Blues Collection contains materials about the play Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.","Two copies of Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019).","The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to Hard Times Blues, and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Hard Times Blues Collection contains materials about the play Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Hard Times Blues Collection, 1966/2019"],"collection_ssim":["Hard Times Blues Collection, 1966/2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2019.038"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2019.038"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to Hard Times Blues, and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in June 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Theater programs"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccording to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bugle's Echo\u003c/title\u003e, Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFloyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBlacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBiographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bugle's Echo\u003c/title\u003e by Col. Harry Temple\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMarriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDraft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDeath certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDeath certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eU.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  ","\u003cp\u003ePlaywright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026amp; Development of Five Actresses\u003c/title\u003e melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNashville Dreams\u003c/title\u003e in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Floyd Meade","Biographical Note - Lucy Sweeney"],"bioghist_tesim":["Virginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.","According to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history The Bugle's Echo, Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).","In 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).","On August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.","In December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.","Floyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.","Sources\n      Blacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\n      Biographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\n      The Bugle's Echo by Col. Harry Temple\n      Marriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org\n      Draft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org\n      Death certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com\n      Death certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org\n      U.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com","Playwright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation, Eminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026 Development of Five Actresses melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.","Sweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of Hard Times Blues (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play Nashville Dreams in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Hard Times Blues Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection, Ms2019-038, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Hard Times Blues Collection, Ms2019-038, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection was completed in July 2019.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Hard Times Blues Collection was completed in July 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection contains materials about the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hard Times Blues Collection contains materials about the play Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo copies of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two copies of Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e, and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to Hard Times Blues, and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ae22529e10904d0104ee71671f743448\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection contains materials about the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Hard Times Blues Collection contains materials about the play Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:48:39.994Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3426.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hard Times Blues Collection","title_ssm":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"title_tesim":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966, 2001, 2003, 2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966, 2001, 2003, 2019"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1966/2019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hard Times Blues Collection, 1966/2019"],"text":["Hard Times Blues Collection, 1966/2019","Ms.2019.038","Blacksburg (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs","The collection is open for research.","Virginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.","According to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history The Bugle's Echo, Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).","In 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).","On August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.","In December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.","Floyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.","Sources\n      Blacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\n      Biographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\n      The Bugle's Echo by Col. Harry Temple\n      Marriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org\n      Draft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org\n      Death certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com\n      Death certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org\n      U.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com","Playwright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation, Eminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026 Development of Five Actresses melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.","Sweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of Hard Times Blues (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play Nashville Dreams in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville.","The guide to the Hard Times Blues Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Hard Times Blues Collection was completed in July 2019.","The Hard Times Blues Collection contains materials about the play Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.","Two copies of Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019).","The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to Hard Times Blues, and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Hard Times Blues Collection contains materials about the play Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Hard Times Blues Collection, 1966/2019"],"collection_ssim":["Hard Times Blues Collection, 1966/2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2019.038"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2019.038"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to Hard Times Blues, and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in June 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Theater programs"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccording to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bugle's Echo\u003c/title\u003e, Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOn August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFloyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBlacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBiographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bugle's Echo\u003c/title\u003e by Col. Harry Temple\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMarriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDraft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDeath certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDeath certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eU.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  ","\u003cp\u003ePlaywright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026amp; Development of Five Actresses\u003c/title\u003e melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNashville Dreams\u003c/title\u003e in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Floyd Meade","Biographical Note - Lucy Sweeney"],"bioghist_tesim":["Virginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.","According to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history The Bugle's Echo, Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).","In 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).","On August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.","In December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.","Floyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.","Sources\n      Blacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\n      Biographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\n      The Bugle's Echo by Col. Harry Temple\n      Marriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org\n      Draft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org\n      Death certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com\n      Death certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org\n      U.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com","Playwright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation, Eminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026 Development of Five Actresses melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.","Sweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of Hard Times Blues (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play Nashville Dreams in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Hard Times Blues Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection, Ms2019-038, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Hard Times Blues Collection, Ms2019-038, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection was completed in July 2019.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Hard Times Blues Collection was completed in July 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection contains materials about the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Hard Times Blues Collection contains materials about the play Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo copies of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two copies of Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e, and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to Hard Times Blues, and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ae22529e10904d0104ee71671f743448\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection contains materials about the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Hard Times Blues Collection contains materials about the play Hard Times Blues by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:48:39.994Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"A collection of maps depicting geographic features, transportation routes, geological composition, historical settlements, themes, property divisions, and political boundaries, ranging in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4402.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Historical Maps Collection","title_ssm":["Historical Maps Collection"],"title_tesim":["Historical Maps Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1500-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1500-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1500/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023"],"text":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023","Maps.001","/repositories/2/resources/4402","United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)","World maps -- Early works to 1800 -- Facsimiles","Railroad -- Maps","Maps (documents)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized primarily by geographic scope, ranging from Virginia Tech campus maps to world maps. Exceptions to this arrangement include railroad and American Civil War maps, which are positioned at the front of the collection. Individual categories of maps are arranged either alphabetically or chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged by state name (e.g., Gettysburg battlefield maps are filed under P for Pennsylvania).","Arranged by plate number.","Arranged by map number in a general alphabetical order.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged alphabetically by quadrangle title. Virginia state index maps are filed at the beginning of the series.","Arranged by name of locality.","Arranged alphabetically by county name.","Arranged alphabetically by map title.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged alphabetically by name of state (e.g., Atlanta is filed under G, for Georgia). Washington, D.C. is filed under D, District of Columbia.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","The guide to the Historical Maps Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","This guide describes the Historical Maps Collection's contents only at the subject and folder levels. Individual maps within the collection may be located by searching for specific titles (e.g., \"Settlement Map of Pulaski County Virginia\" (with quotes)) or by subject (e.g., \"Pulaski County maps\" (without quotes)).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Historical Maps Collection was completed in July, 2025.","This collection contains maps that range in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps). Included are road and transportation maps, topographic maps, geological maps, historical maps, thematic maps, property maps, pictorial maps, and political boundary maps, among others. While the collection includes images dating as early as the 16th century, the older maps are represented in the collection only by reproductions. The earliest original map in the collection dates to 1787.","Route maps of specific railways (e.g., Virginia, Kentucky and Ohio Railroad).","Maps of multiple rail lines within a specific state or region (e.g., Railroad Map of Pennsylvania).","Maps of American Civil War battles and campaigns specific to Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps. Additional maps may be found with the American Civil War U. S. Coast Survey and Regional Maps and the American Civil War Atlas Maps.","Maps of American Civil War battles and campaigns outside Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps.","A set of 20 wartime survey maps (reproductions) produced by the U. S. Coast Survey (accompanied by an index map of the U. S., showing the general locations of the individual surveys), together with other wartime maps depicting multi-state regions.","An incomplete set of maps extracted from a copy of the Atlas to Accompany the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (sometimes referred to as the War of the Rebellion Atlas).","Maps (reproductions) of Virginia counties (and a few wider regions, such as the Lower Shenandoah Valley and South Side of James River), surveyed by Confederate engineers during the American Civil War. For a complete contents list, see the finding aid for Map 0724.","Maps of Blacksburg and portions thereof, including lands of individual property owners. Some maps include surrounding areas of Montgomery County; others include maps of Christiansburg and Radford. Additional Blacksburg maps may be found on maps depicting the Virginia Tech campus and Montgomery County. Blacksburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting streets and properties of Christiansburg, Virginia. Additional Christiansburg maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting streets and properties of Radford, Virginia. Additional Radford maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting the county as a whole, as well as specific locations within the county. Additional maps depicting Montgomery County may be found with the Southwest Virginia maps; additional maps of areas within the county may be found among the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting the region generally encompassed by Lee County in the west and Craig, Roanoke, Franklin, and Henry counties in the east. Also included are two Appalachian Trail maps that, while outside this area, belong to a related set. Maps of areas within this region may also be found among the Blacksburg, Christiansburg, Montgomery County, Topographic Maps, Virginia Cities and Towns, Virginia Counties, and Virginia State Maps.","Topographic quadrangle maps depicting locations within Virginia only.","Maps of Virginia independent cities, towns, and other localities, excluding Montgomery County and Radford. Includes a set of 41 maps relating to Mount Vernon.","Maps depicting individual counties or portions thereof, excluding Montgomery County.","Maps depicting two or more counties within Virginia, excluding areas within the Southwest Virginia region.","Maps depicting the Commonwealth of Virginia as a whole, sometimes including adjacent areas of neighboring states. Also included are three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together. Additional maps depicting the entire Commonwealth of Virginia may be found within the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.","Maps of U. S. cities and states outside Virginia. State maps may also be found among the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.","Maps depicting multiple states in the region generally encompassing Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, with adjacent areas of neighboring states. Related maps may be found with the Eastern United States maps. Three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together are filed with the Virginia State Maps.","Maps depicting multi-state U. S. regions east of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and non-Virginia States/Cities maps.","Maps depicting U. S. multi-state regions that, in whole or largely, include areas west of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Non-Virginia State/Cities maps.","Maps depicting individual countries in their entirety. Additional maps may be found with maps of the Americas and maps of Africa-Eurasia-Oceania.","Early maps (reproductions) depicting areas generally encompassed within the western hemisphere. Related maps may be found in the World Maps.","A set of maps (reproductions) published in 1648, depicting the historic counties of England, which sometimes differ in names and boundaries from the current administrative counties.","Maps depicting areas generally encompassed within the eastern hemisphere. Additional maps may be found with the World Maps.","Maps depicting the world's nations, regions, and continents as a whole.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Some individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions.","A collection of maps depicting geographic features, transportation routes, geological composition, historical settlements, themes, property divisions, and political boundaries, ranging in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Maps.001","/repositories/2/resources/4402"],"unitid_tesim":["Maps.001","/repositories/2/resources/4402"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Some individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Individual maps and sets of maps within the Historical Maps Collection have been obtained by Virginia Tech Special Collections and Unviversity Archives through various gifts, purchases, and transfers."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World maps -- Early works to 1800 -- Facsimiles","Railroad -- Maps","Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World maps -- Early works to 1800 -- Facsimiles","Railroad -- Maps","Maps (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["45 Cubic Feet 13 flat file drawers"],"extent_tesim":["45 Cubic Feet 13 flat file drawers"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized primarily by geographic scope, ranging from Virginia Tech campus maps to world maps. Exceptions to this arrangement include railroad and American Civil War maps, which are positioned at the front of the collection. Individual categories of maps are arranged either alphabetically or chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by state name (e.g., Gettysburg battlefield maps are filed under P for Pennsylvania).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by plate number.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by map number in a general alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by quadrangle title. Virginia state index maps are filed at the beginning of the series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by name of locality.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by county name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by map title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by name of state (e.g., Atlanta is filed under G, for Georgia). Washington, D.C. is filed under D, District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized primarily by geographic scope, ranging from Virginia Tech campus maps to world maps. Exceptions to this arrangement include railroad and American Civil War maps, which are positioned at the front of the collection. Individual categories of maps are arranged either alphabetically or chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged by state name (e.g., Gettysburg battlefield maps are filed under P for Pennsylvania).","Arranged by plate number.","Arranged by map number in a general alphabetical order.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged alphabetically by quadrangle title. Virginia state index maps are filed at the beginning of the series.","Arranged by name of locality.","Arranged alphabetically by county name.","Arranged alphabetically by map title.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged alphabetically by name of state (e.g., Atlanta is filed under G, for Georgia). Washington, D.C. is filed under D, District of Columbia.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Historical Maps Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis guide describes the Historical Maps Collection's contents only at the subject and folder levels. Individual maps within the collection may be located by searching for specific titles (e.g., \"Settlement Map of Pulaski County Virginia\" (with quotes)) or by subject (e.g., \"Pulaski County maps\" (without quotes)). \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description","General"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Historical Maps Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","This guide describes the Historical Maps Collection's contents only at the subject and folder levels. Individual maps within the collection may be located by searching for specific titles (e.g., \"Settlement Map of Pulaski County Virginia\" (with quotes)) or by subject (e.g., \"Pulaski County maps\" (without quotes))."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [map title], [(Map-####) map identification number], Historical Maps Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [map title], [(Map-####) map identification number], Historical Maps Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Historical Maps Collection was completed in July, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Historical Maps Collection was completed in July, 2025."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains maps that range in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps). Included are road and transportation maps, topographic maps, geological maps, historical maps, thematic maps, property maps, pictorial maps, and political boundary maps, among others. While the collection includes images dating as early as the 16th century, the older maps are represented in the collection only by reproductions. The earliest original map in the collection dates to 1787.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eRoute maps of specific railways (e.g., Virginia, Kentucky and Ohio Railroad).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of multiple rail lines within a specific state or region (e.g., Railroad Map of Pennsylvania).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of American Civil War battles and campaigns specific to Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps. Additional maps may be found with the American Civil War U. S. Coast Survey and Regional Maps and the American Civil War Atlas Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of American Civil War battles and campaigns outside Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA set of 20 wartime survey maps (reproductions) produced by the U. S. Coast Survey (accompanied by an index map of the U. S., showing the general locations of the individual surveys), together with other wartime maps depicting multi-state regions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn incomplete set of maps extracted from a copy of the Atlas to Accompany the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (sometimes referred to as the War of the Rebellion Atlas).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps (reproductions) of Virginia counties (and a few wider regions, such as the Lower Shenandoah Valley and South Side of James River), surveyed by Confederate engineers during the American Civil War. For a complete contents list, see the finding aid for \u003cextref href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4302.xml\" show=\"new\" actuate=\"onrequest\"\u003eMap 0724\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of Blacksburg and portions thereof, including lands of individual property owners. Some maps include surrounding areas of Montgomery County; others include maps of Christiansburg and Radford. Additional Blacksburg maps may be found on maps depicting the Virginia Tech campus and Montgomery County. Blacksburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting streets and properties of Christiansburg, Virginia. Additional Christiansburg maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting streets and properties of Radford, Virginia. Additional Radford maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting the county as a whole, as well as specific locations within the county. Additional maps depicting Montgomery County may be found with the Southwest Virginia maps; additional maps of areas within the county may be found among the Topographic Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting the region generally encompassed by Lee County in the west and Craig, Roanoke, Franklin, and Henry counties in the east. Also included are two Appalachian Trail maps that, while outside this area, belong to a related set. Maps of areas within this region may also be found among the Blacksburg, Christiansburg, Montgomery County, Topographic Maps, Virginia Cities and Towns, Virginia Counties, and Virginia State Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopographic quadrangle maps depicting locations within Virginia only.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of Virginia independent cities, towns, and other localities, excluding Montgomery County and Radford. Includes a set of 41 maps relating to Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting individual counties or portions thereof, excluding Montgomery County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting two or more counties within Virginia, excluding areas within the Southwest Virginia region.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting the Commonwealth of Virginia as a whole, sometimes including adjacent areas of neighboring states. Also included are three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together. Additional maps depicting the entire Commonwealth of Virginia may be found within the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of U. S. cities and states outside Virginia. State maps may also be found among the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting multiple states in the region generally encompassing Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, with adjacent areas of neighboring states. Related maps may be found with the Eastern United States maps. Three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together are filed with the Virginia State Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting multi-state U. S. regions east of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and non-Virginia States/Cities maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting U. S. multi-state regions that, in whole or largely, include areas west of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Non-Virginia State/Cities maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting individual countries in their entirety. Additional maps may be found with maps of the Americas and maps of Africa-Eurasia-Oceania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEarly maps (reproductions) depicting areas generally encompassed within the western hemisphere. Related maps may be found in the World Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA set of maps (reproductions) published in 1648, depicting the historic counties of England, which sometimes differ in names and boundaries from the current administrative counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting areas generally encompassed within the eastern hemisphere. Additional maps may be found with the World Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting the world's nations, regions, and continents as a whole.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains maps that range in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps). Included are road and transportation maps, topographic maps, geological maps, historical maps, thematic maps, property maps, pictorial maps, and political boundary maps, among others. While the collection includes images dating as early as the 16th century, the older maps are represented in the collection only by reproductions. The earliest original map in the collection dates to 1787.","Route maps of specific railways (e.g., Virginia, Kentucky and Ohio Railroad).","Maps of multiple rail lines within a specific state or region (e.g., Railroad Map of Pennsylvania).","Maps of American Civil War battles and campaigns specific to Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps. Additional maps may be found with the American Civil War U. S. Coast Survey and Regional Maps and the American Civil War Atlas Maps.","Maps of American Civil War battles and campaigns outside Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps.","A set of 20 wartime survey maps (reproductions) produced by the U. S. Coast Survey (accompanied by an index map of the U. S., showing the general locations of the individual surveys), together with other wartime maps depicting multi-state regions.","An incomplete set of maps extracted from a copy of the Atlas to Accompany the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (sometimes referred to as the War of the Rebellion Atlas).","Maps (reproductions) of Virginia counties (and a few wider regions, such as the Lower Shenandoah Valley and South Side of James River), surveyed by Confederate engineers during the American Civil War. For a complete contents list, see the finding aid for Map 0724.","Maps of Blacksburg and portions thereof, including lands of individual property owners. Some maps include surrounding areas of Montgomery County; others include maps of Christiansburg and Radford. Additional Blacksburg maps may be found on maps depicting the Virginia Tech campus and Montgomery County. Blacksburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting streets and properties of Christiansburg, Virginia. Additional Christiansburg maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting streets and properties of Radford, Virginia. Additional Radford maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting the county as a whole, as well as specific locations within the county. Additional maps depicting Montgomery County may be found with the Southwest Virginia maps; additional maps of areas within the county may be found among the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting the region generally encompassed by Lee County in the west and Craig, Roanoke, Franklin, and Henry counties in the east. Also included are two Appalachian Trail maps that, while outside this area, belong to a related set. Maps of areas within this region may also be found among the Blacksburg, Christiansburg, Montgomery County, Topographic Maps, Virginia Cities and Towns, Virginia Counties, and Virginia State Maps.","Topographic quadrangle maps depicting locations within Virginia only.","Maps of Virginia independent cities, towns, and other localities, excluding Montgomery County and Radford. Includes a set of 41 maps relating to Mount Vernon.","Maps depicting individual counties or portions thereof, excluding Montgomery County.","Maps depicting two or more counties within Virginia, excluding areas within the Southwest Virginia region.","Maps depicting the Commonwealth of Virginia as a whole, sometimes including adjacent areas of neighboring states. Also included are three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together. Additional maps depicting the entire Commonwealth of Virginia may be found within the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.","Maps of U. S. cities and states outside Virginia. State maps may also be found among the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.","Maps depicting multiple states in the region generally encompassing Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, with adjacent areas of neighboring states. Related maps may be found with the Eastern United States maps. Three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together are filed with the Virginia State Maps.","Maps depicting multi-state U. S. regions east of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and non-Virginia States/Cities maps.","Maps depicting U. S. multi-state regions that, in whole or largely, include areas west of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Non-Virginia State/Cities maps.","Maps depicting individual countries in their entirety. Additional maps may be found with maps of the Americas and maps of Africa-Eurasia-Oceania.","Early maps (reproductions) depicting areas generally encompassed within the western hemisphere. Related maps may be found in the World Maps.","A set of maps (reproductions) published in 1648, depicting the historic counties of England, which sometimes differ in names and boundaries from the current administrative counties.","Maps depicting areas generally encompassed within the eastern hemisphere. Additional maps may be found with the World Maps.","Maps depicting the world's nations, regions, and continents as a whole."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSome individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Some individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_64f9bafd648f169a694981779b7a3589\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA collection of maps depicting geographic features, transportation routes, geological composition, historical settlements, themes, property divisions, and political boundaries, ranging in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of maps depicting geographic features, transportation routes, geological composition, historical settlements, themes, property divisions, and political boundaries, ranging in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps)."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":105,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:50:43.410Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4402.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Historical Maps Collection","title_ssm":["Historical Maps Collection"],"title_tesim":["Historical Maps Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1500-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1500-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1500/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023"],"text":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023","Maps.001","/repositories/2/resources/4402","United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)","World maps -- Early works to 1800 -- Facsimiles","Railroad -- Maps","Maps (documents)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized primarily by geographic scope, ranging from Virginia Tech campus maps to world maps. Exceptions to this arrangement include railroad and American Civil War maps, which are positioned at the front of the collection. Individual categories of maps are arranged either alphabetically or chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged by state name (e.g., Gettysburg battlefield maps are filed under P for Pennsylvania).","Arranged by plate number.","Arranged by map number in a general alphabetical order.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged alphabetically by quadrangle title. Virginia state index maps are filed at the beginning of the series.","Arranged by name of locality.","Arranged alphabetically by county name.","Arranged alphabetically by map title.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged alphabetically by name of state (e.g., Atlanta is filed under G, for Georgia). Washington, D.C. is filed under D, District of Columbia.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","The guide to the Historical Maps Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","This guide describes the Historical Maps Collection's contents only at the subject and folder levels. Individual maps within the collection may be located by searching for specific titles (e.g., \"Settlement Map of Pulaski County Virginia\" (with quotes)) or by subject (e.g., \"Pulaski County maps\" (without quotes)).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Historical Maps Collection was completed in July, 2025.","This collection contains maps that range in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps). Included are road and transportation maps, topographic maps, geological maps, historical maps, thematic maps, property maps, pictorial maps, and political boundary maps, among others. While the collection includes images dating as early as the 16th century, the older maps are represented in the collection only by reproductions. The earliest original map in the collection dates to 1787.","Route maps of specific railways (e.g., Virginia, Kentucky and Ohio Railroad).","Maps of multiple rail lines within a specific state or region (e.g., Railroad Map of Pennsylvania).","Maps of American Civil War battles and campaigns specific to Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps. Additional maps may be found with the American Civil War U. S. Coast Survey and Regional Maps and the American Civil War Atlas Maps.","Maps of American Civil War battles and campaigns outside Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps.","A set of 20 wartime survey maps (reproductions) produced by the U. S. Coast Survey (accompanied by an index map of the U. S., showing the general locations of the individual surveys), together with other wartime maps depicting multi-state regions.","An incomplete set of maps extracted from a copy of the Atlas to Accompany the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (sometimes referred to as the War of the Rebellion Atlas).","Maps (reproductions) of Virginia counties (and a few wider regions, such as the Lower Shenandoah Valley and South Side of James River), surveyed by Confederate engineers during the American Civil War. For a complete contents list, see the finding aid for Map 0724.","Maps of Blacksburg and portions thereof, including lands of individual property owners. Some maps include surrounding areas of Montgomery County; others include maps of Christiansburg and Radford. Additional Blacksburg maps may be found on maps depicting the Virginia Tech campus and Montgomery County. Blacksburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting streets and properties of Christiansburg, Virginia. Additional Christiansburg maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting streets and properties of Radford, Virginia. Additional Radford maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting the county as a whole, as well as specific locations within the county. Additional maps depicting Montgomery County may be found with the Southwest Virginia maps; additional maps of areas within the county may be found among the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting the region generally encompassed by Lee County in the west and Craig, Roanoke, Franklin, and Henry counties in the east. Also included are two Appalachian Trail maps that, while outside this area, belong to a related set. Maps of areas within this region may also be found among the Blacksburg, Christiansburg, Montgomery County, Topographic Maps, Virginia Cities and Towns, Virginia Counties, and Virginia State Maps.","Topographic quadrangle maps depicting locations within Virginia only.","Maps of Virginia independent cities, towns, and other localities, excluding Montgomery County and Radford. Includes a set of 41 maps relating to Mount Vernon.","Maps depicting individual counties or portions thereof, excluding Montgomery County.","Maps depicting two or more counties within Virginia, excluding areas within the Southwest Virginia region.","Maps depicting the Commonwealth of Virginia as a whole, sometimes including adjacent areas of neighboring states. Also included are three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together. Additional maps depicting the entire Commonwealth of Virginia may be found within the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.","Maps of U. S. cities and states outside Virginia. State maps may also be found among the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.","Maps depicting multiple states in the region generally encompassing Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, with adjacent areas of neighboring states. Related maps may be found with the Eastern United States maps. Three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together are filed with the Virginia State Maps.","Maps depicting multi-state U. S. regions east of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and non-Virginia States/Cities maps.","Maps depicting U. S. multi-state regions that, in whole or largely, include areas west of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Non-Virginia State/Cities maps.","Maps depicting individual countries in their entirety. Additional maps may be found with maps of the Americas and maps of Africa-Eurasia-Oceania.","Early maps (reproductions) depicting areas generally encompassed within the western hemisphere. Related maps may be found in the World Maps.","A set of maps (reproductions) published in 1648, depicting the historic counties of England, which sometimes differ in names and boundaries from the current administrative counties.","Maps depicting areas generally encompassed within the eastern hemisphere. Additional maps may be found with the World Maps.","Maps depicting the world's nations, regions, and continents as a whole.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Some individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions.","A collection of maps depicting geographic features, transportation routes, geological composition, historical settlements, themes, property divisions, and political boundaries, ranging in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Historical Maps Collection, 1500/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Maps.001","/repositories/2/resources/4402"],"unitid_tesim":["Maps.001","/repositories/2/resources/4402"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["United States -- Maps","Virginia -- Maps","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Battlefields Maps","Virginia, Southwest","Montgomery County (Va.)","Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Some individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Individual maps and sets of maps within the Historical Maps Collection have been obtained by Virginia Tech Special Collections and Unviversity Archives through various gifts, purchases, and transfers."],"access_subjects_ssim":["World maps -- Early works to 1800 -- Facsimiles","Railroad -- Maps","Maps (documents)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["World maps -- Early works to 1800 -- Facsimiles","Railroad -- Maps","Maps (documents)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["45 Cubic Feet 13 flat file drawers"],"extent_tesim":["45 Cubic Feet 13 flat file drawers"],"genreform_ssim":["Maps (documents)"],"date_range_isim":[1500,1501,1502,1503,1504,1505,1506,1507,1508,1509,1510,1511,1512,1513,1514,1515,1516,1517,1518,1519,1520,1521,1522,1523,1524,1525,1526,1527,1528,1529,1530,1531,1532,1533,1534,1535,1536,1537,1538,1539,1540,1541,1542,1543,1544,1545,1546,1547,1548,1549,1550,1551,1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557,1558,1559,1560,1561,1562,1563,1564,1565,1566,1567,1568,1569,1570,1571,1572,1573,1574,1575,1576,1577,1578,1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized primarily by geographic scope, ranging from Virginia Tech campus maps to world maps. Exceptions to this arrangement include railroad and American Civil War maps, which are positioned at the front of the collection. Individual categories of maps are arranged either alphabetically or chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by state name (e.g., Gettysburg battlefield maps are filed under P for Pennsylvania).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by plate number.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by map number in a general alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by quadrangle title. Virginia state index maps are filed at the beginning of the series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by name of locality.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by county name.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by map title.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged alphabetically by name of state (e.g., Atlanta is filed under G, for Georgia). Washington, D.C. is filed under D, District of Columbia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized primarily by geographic scope, ranging from Virginia Tech campus maps to world maps. Exceptions to this arrangement include railroad and American Civil War maps, which are positioned at the front of the collection. Individual categories of maps are arranged either alphabetically or chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged by state name (e.g., Gettysburg battlefield maps are filed under P for Pennsylvania).","Arranged by plate number.","Arranged by map number in a general alphabetical order.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged alphabetically by quadrangle title. Virginia state index maps are filed at the beginning of the series.","Arranged by name of locality.","Arranged alphabetically by county name.","Arranged alphabetically by map title.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged alphabetically by name of state (e.g., Atlanta is filed under G, for Georgia). Washington, D.C. is filed under D, District of Columbia.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically.","Arranged chronologically."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Historical Maps Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThis guide describes the Historical Maps Collection's contents only at the subject and folder levels. Individual maps within the collection may be located by searching for specific titles (e.g., \"Settlement Map of Pulaski County Virginia\" (with quotes)) or by subject (e.g., \"Pulaski County maps\" (without quotes)). \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description","General"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Historical Maps Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","This guide describes the Historical Maps Collection's contents only at the subject and folder levels. Individual maps within the collection may be located by searching for specific titles (e.g., \"Settlement Map of Pulaski County Virginia\" (with quotes)) or by subject (e.g., \"Pulaski County maps\" (without quotes))."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [map title], [(Map-####) map identification number], Historical Maps Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [map title], [(Map-####) map identification number], Historical Maps Collection, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Historical Maps Collection was completed in July, 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Historical Maps Collection was completed in July, 2025."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains maps that range in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps). Included are road and transportation maps, topographic maps, geological maps, historical maps, thematic maps, property maps, pictorial maps, and political boundary maps, among others. While the collection includes images dating as early as the 16th century, the older maps are represented in the collection only by reproductions. The earliest original map in the collection dates to 1787.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eRoute maps of specific railways (e.g., Virginia, Kentucky and Ohio Railroad).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of multiple rail lines within a specific state or region (e.g., Railroad Map of Pennsylvania).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of American Civil War battles and campaigns specific to Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps. Additional maps may be found with the American Civil War U. S. Coast Survey and Regional Maps and the American Civil War Atlas Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of American Civil War battles and campaigns outside Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA set of 20 wartime survey maps (reproductions) produced by the U. S. Coast Survey (accompanied by an index map of the U. S., showing the general locations of the individual surveys), together with other wartime maps depicting multi-state regions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn incomplete set of maps extracted from a copy of the Atlas to Accompany the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (sometimes referred to as the War of the Rebellion Atlas).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps (reproductions) of Virginia counties (and a few wider regions, such as the Lower Shenandoah Valley and South Side of James River), surveyed by Confederate engineers during the American Civil War. For a complete contents list, see the finding aid for \u003cextref href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4302.xml\" show=\"new\" actuate=\"onrequest\"\u003eMap 0724\u003c/extref\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of Blacksburg and portions thereof, including lands of individual property owners. Some maps include surrounding areas of Montgomery County; others include maps of Christiansburg and Radford. Additional Blacksburg maps may be found on maps depicting the Virginia Tech campus and Montgomery County. Blacksburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting streets and properties of Christiansburg, Virginia. Additional Christiansburg maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting streets and properties of Radford, Virginia. Additional Radford maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting the county as a whole, as well as specific locations within the county. Additional maps depicting Montgomery County may be found with the Southwest Virginia maps; additional maps of areas within the county may be found among the Topographic Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting the region generally encompassed by Lee County in the west and Craig, Roanoke, Franklin, and Henry counties in the east. Also included are two Appalachian Trail maps that, while outside this area, belong to a related set. Maps of areas within this region may also be found among the Blacksburg, Christiansburg, Montgomery County, Topographic Maps, Virginia Cities and Towns, Virginia Counties, and Virginia State Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTopographic quadrangle maps depicting locations within Virginia only.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of Virginia independent cities, towns, and other localities, excluding Montgomery County and Radford. Includes a set of 41 maps relating to Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting individual counties or portions thereof, excluding Montgomery County.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting two or more counties within Virginia, excluding areas within the Southwest Virginia region.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting the Commonwealth of Virginia as a whole, sometimes including adjacent areas of neighboring states. Also included are three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together. Additional maps depicting the entire Commonwealth of Virginia may be found within the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps of U. S. cities and states outside Virginia. State maps may also be found among the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting multiple states in the region generally encompassing Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, with adjacent areas of neighboring states. Related maps may be found with the Eastern United States maps. Three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together are filed with the Virginia State Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting multi-state U. S. regions east of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and non-Virginia States/Cities maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting U. S. multi-state regions that, in whole or largely, include areas west of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Non-Virginia State/Cities maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting individual countries in their entirety. Additional maps may be found with maps of the Americas and maps of Africa-Eurasia-Oceania.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEarly maps (reproductions) depicting areas generally encompassed within the western hemisphere. Related maps may be found in the World Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA set of maps (reproductions) published in 1648, depicting the historic counties of England, which sometimes differ in names and boundaries from the current administrative counties.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting areas generally encompassed within the eastern hemisphere. Additional maps may be found with the World Maps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaps depicting the world's nations, regions, and continents as a whole.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains maps that range in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps). Included are road and transportation maps, topographic maps, geological maps, historical maps, thematic maps, property maps, pictorial maps, and political boundary maps, among others. While the collection includes images dating as early as the 16th century, the older maps are represented in the collection only by reproductions. The earliest original map in the collection dates to 1787.","Route maps of specific railways (e.g., Virginia, Kentucky and Ohio Railroad).","Maps of multiple rail lines within a specific state or region (e.g., Railroad Map of Pennsylvania).","Maps of American Civil War battles and campaigns specific to Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps. Additional maps may be found with the American Civil War U. S. Coast Survey and Regional Maps and the American Civil War Atlas Maps.","Maps of American Civil War battles and campaigns outside Virginia, including both wartime maps and postbellum interpretive maps.","A set of 20 wartime survey maps (reproductions) produced by the U. S. Coast Survey (accompanied by an index map of the U. S., showing the general locations of the individual surveys), together with other wartime maps depicting multi-state regions.","An incomplete set of maps extracted from a copy of the Atlas to Accompany the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (sometimes referred to as the War of the Rebellion Atlas).","Maps (reproductions) of Virginia counties (and a few wider regions, such as the Lower Shenandoah Valley and South Side of James River), surveyed by Confederate engineers during the American Civil War. For a complete contents list, see the finding aid for Map 0724.","Maps of Blacksburg and portions thereof, including lands of individual property owners. Some maps include surrounding areas of Montgomery County; others include maps of Christiansburg and Radford. Additional Blacksburg maps may be found on maps depicting the Virginia Tech campus and Montgomery County. Blacksburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting streets and properties of Christiansburg, Virginia. Additional Christiansburg maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting streets and properties of Radford, Virginia. Additional Radford maps may be found on maps depicting Blacksburg and Montgomery County. Christianburg topographic quadrangle maps are filed with the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting the county as a whole, as well as specific locations within the county. Additional maps depicting Montgomery County may be found with the Southwest Virginia maps; additional maps of areas within the county may be found among the Topographic Maps.","Maps depicting the region generally encompassed by Lee County in the west and Craig, Roanoke, Franklin, and Henry counties in the east. Also included are two Appalachian Trail maps that, while outside this area, belong to a related set. Maps of areas within this region may also be found among the Blacksburg, Christiansburg, Montgomery County, Topographic Maps, Virginia Cities and Towns, Virginia Counties, and Virginia State Maps.","Topographic quadrangle maps depicting locations within Virginia only.","Maps of Virginia independent cities, towns, and other localities, excluding Montgomery County and Radford. Includes a set of 41 maps relating to Mount Vernon.","Maps depicting individual counties or portions thereof, excluding Montgomery County.","Maps depicting two or more counties within Virginia, excluding areas within the Southwest Virginia region.","Maps depicting the Commonwealth of Virginia as a whole, sometimes including adjacent areas of neighboring states. Also included are three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together. Additional maps depicting the entire Commonwealth of Virginia may be found within the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.","Maps of U. S. cities and states outside Virginia. State maps may also be found among the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and the Eastern United States maps.","Maps depicting multiple states in the region generally encompassing Delaware, the District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, with adjacent areas of neighboring states. Related maps may be found with the Eastern United States maps. Three maps dated between 1874 and 1880 that depict Virginia and West Virginia together are filed with the Virginia State Maps.","Maps depicting multi-state U. S. regions east of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Mid-Atlantic Region maps and non-Virginia States/Cities maps.","Maps depicting U. S. multi-state regions that, in whole or largely, include areas west of the Mississippi River. Additional maps may be found with the Non-Virginia State/Cities maps.","Maps depicting individual countries in their entirety. Additional maps may be found with maps of the Americas and maps of Africa-Eurasia-Oceania.","Early maps (reproductions) depicting areas generally encompassed within the western hemisphere. Related maps may be found in the World Maps.","A set of maps (reproductions) published in 1648, depicting the historic counties of England, which sometimes differ in names and boundaries from the current administrative counties.","Maps depicting areas generally encompassed within the eastern hemisphere. Additional maps may be found with the World Maps.","Maps depicting the world's nations, regions, and continents as a whole."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eSome individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use","Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication.","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Some individual maps may not be reproduced, due to copyright restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_64f9bafd648f169a694981779b7a3589\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eA collection of maps depicting geographic features, transportation routes, geological composition, historical settlements, themes, property divisions, and political boundaries, ranging in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["A collection of maps depicting geographic features, transportation routes, geological composition, historical settlements, themes, property divisions, and political boundaries, ranging in geographic scope from local (Virginia Tech campus maps) to global (world maps)."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":105,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:50:43.410Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4402"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, 1946/2010","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Milka Bliznakov was a Bulgarian architect, architectural historian, and professor who practiced in Bulgaria, France, and the United States. The collection consists of her publications, research, correspondence, professional documentation of her practice, conference participation materials, teaching materials, and documents related to her involvement as the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1835.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bliznakov, Milka T. Papers and Architectural Drawings,","title_ssm":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings"],"title_tesim":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1946-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1946-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1946/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, 1946/2010"],"text":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, 1946/2010","Ms.1991.025","Blacksburg (Va.)","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","History of Women in Architecture","University History","Women architects -- Bulgaria","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Faculty and staff","Collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged into five broad series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Faculty Papers, Major Projects, and Art \u0026 Artifacts. Within each of series, materials are arranged according to original order and chronology. Where original order was not clear, processing staff used the Standard Series for Architecture and Landscape Design Records as guidance.","Milka Bliznakov was born in Varna, Bulgaria in 1927. She attended the State Polytechnic Institute of Sofia and graduated with a master's degree in architecture in 1951. Bliznakov began practicing architecture in Bulgaria in 1952. In 1959, Bliznakov moved her practice to France. Two years later, Bliznakov emigrated to the United States.","During her first years in the United States, Bliznakov worked as an architect and studied Soviet architecture. She earned her Ph.D in architectural history from Columbia University in 1971. She taught at the University of Texas from 1972-1974, where she co-founded the Institute of Modern Russian Culture.","In 1974, Milka Bliznakov became a professor at Virginia Polytechnic Insitute and State University's College of Architecture and Urban Planning, where she taught in the urban design program. Bliznakov became an authority on the Russian avante-garde and constructivism movements. In 1985, Bliznakov worked with the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the College of Architecture and Urban Studies to establish the International Archive of Women in Architecture. She served as the chair of the IAWA Board of Advisors from 1985-1993.","Milka Bliznakov retired in 1998 in conjunction with the establishment of the Milka Bliznakov Prize. The Milka Bliznakov Prize is awarded annually to those whose research furthers the knowledge of women's contributions to architecture and design.","Bliznakov continued to acquire and donate works to the IAWA until her death on November 4, 2010.","The guide to the  Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings was completed in February 2016.","This collection documents the activities of Milka Bliznakov (1927-2010), the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA) and former chair of its board of advisors (1985-1993). It contains personal materials, including biographical information and personal correspondence. This collection also contains materials documenting Milka's prolific career as an architect and a professor emerita at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Some significant topics represented in these files are avante-garde architecture; Russian constructivism; futurist architecture in the Soviet Union; the history of Bulgaria and Bulgarian architecture; and women in art and architecture. In addition, this collection contains unique documents about the destruction of architectural structures in Croatia during the Bosnian war; Federal Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) reports on Soviet concentration camps; and detailed drawings and and project plans for Soviet infastructure. This collection also documentsd the proceedings of organizations and conferences attended by Milka Bliznakov such as L'Union Internationale des Femmes Architectes (UIFA), the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA), and the Association for Slavic, Eastern European, and Eurasian Studies (AAASS). Materials are largely textual, comprising of correspondence, memoranda, minutes and agendas, legal materials, clippings, publications, reference files, blueprints, and maps. Among other formats scattered throughout the collection are photographs, negatives, and artifacts such as plaques. This collection also includes detailed drawings and specifications from Milka Bliznakov's architecture practice.","This series includes Milka Bliznakov's biographical information, personal correspondence, travel, photographs, and other personal documents. Noteworthy objects include a video cassette on Milka Bliznakov, a stock certificate, and correspondence regarding the destruction of Croatian architecture during the Yugoslav Wars.","This series consists of correspondence, writings, presentations, associations and committees, awards, research notes, reference files, and other professional works by Milka Bliznakov. These materials reflect Milka's work as a professor and architectural historian at Virginia Tech, as well as her broader network of women in architecture through the IAWA. Other noteworthy items include Milka's portfolio of work and exhibition posters collected from events.","This series consists of faculy papers such as administrative materials, course materials, research notes, and reference files. While most of the series consists of materials from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, there are some materials from the University of Colombia. The content in this series expands from 1974-1996.","This series consists of Milka Bliznakov's architectural records for various residential projects. Content in this series extends from 1946-1983.","This series consists of art and artifacts donated to the Milka Bliznakov collection. Within this series, there is a metal file cabinet containing contact information. The cabinet contains contact information of Milka's friends, family, acquaintances, and colleagues. In addition, there are two large, framed awards and a t-shaped wooden utensil for drawing purposes. One of the awards is dated in 2007, but the other awards are not dated.","Book by Dobrina Zheleva-Martins. Book paired with printed email exchange (in Bulgarian) between Bliznakov and Zheleva-Martins and Zheleva-Martins' curriculum vitae (in English), indicating that Bliznakov may have wanted to submit this to the archive as documentation of Zheleva-Martins' work.","Two volumes were returned to the Library of Columbia University. The following books were separated from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Watkins, R.N. The Ideal Communist City. New York: Braziller, 1968.\nLloyd, P. \u0026 Collie, K. San Francisco: a guide to recent architecture. London: Ellipsis, 1997. \nMarkelin, U.Profiles: Pioneering Women Architects from Finland. Museum of Finnish Architecture, 1983.  \nUse of Tradition in Russian \u0026 Soviet Architecture, guest edited by Cooke, C. \u0026 Kudriavtsev, A. Architectural Design journal, v. 57, no. 7/8. London: Architectural Design, 1987. \nBrumfield, W.C.Reshaping Russian Architecture: Western Technology, Utopian Dreams. New York : Cambridge University Press, 1990.  \nSomaya, B., Mehta, U., \u0026 Hecar FoundationAn Emancipated Place: the proceedings of the conference and exhibitino held in mumbai, February 2000. Mumbai : Hecar Foundation, 2000. \nKuperus, M., \u0026 Meinsma, H.C.Architectes. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Thoth, 1990. \nBoutelle, S.H. \u0026 Morgan, J.Julia Morgan, Architect.  New York : Abbeville Press, 1988.  \nPoem about Trees.  (ISBN: 9785090245890),  \nThe American Glossary of Architectural Terms .  \nIllustrated Garnsey.  \nLa Realidad Sovietica.  \nConstruction and Reconstruction of Towns.  \nWorking Architectural Studios I-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet.  \nWorking Architectural Studios II-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet.  \nRussian Formalism.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Milka Bliznakov was a Bulgarian architect, architectural historian, and professor who practiced in Bulgaria, France, and the United States. The collection consists of her publications, research, correspondence, professional documentation of her practice, conference participation materials, teaching materials, and documents related to her involvement as the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010","The majority of materials in this collection are written in English and Bulgarian. Additional materials are in German, French, Russian, Spanish, and Japanese."],"collection_title_tesim":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, 1946/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, 1946/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1991.025"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1991.025"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"creator_ssim":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings Collection was donated to the IAWA at Special Collections in 2002 by Dr. Milka Bliznakov. Additions were made to the collection by Milka Bliznakov and Donna Dunay in 2006, 2007, 2011, and 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","History of Women in Architecture","University History","Women architects -- Bulgaria","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Faculty and staff"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","History of Women in Architecture","University History","Women architects -- Bulgaria","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Faculty and staff"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["32.82 Cubic Feet 37 boxes; 8 oversize; 4 artifacts"],"extent_tesim":["32.82 Cubic Feet 37 boxes; 8 oversize; 4 artifacts"],"date_range_isim":[1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into five broad series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Faculty Papers, Major Projects, and Art \u0026amp; Artifacts. Within each of series, materials are arranged according to original order and chronology. Where original order was not clear, processing staff used the Standard Series for Architecture and Landscape Design Records as guidance.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into five broad series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Faculty Papers, Major Projects, and Art \u0026 Artifacts. Within each of series, materials are arranged according to original order and chronology. Where original order was not clear, processing staff used the Standard Series for Architecture and Landscape Design Records as guidance."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMilka Bliznakov was born in Varna, Bulgaria in 1927. She attended the State Polytechnic Institute of Sofia and graduated with a master's degree in architecture in 1951. Bliznakov began practicing architecture in Bulgaria in 1952. In 1959, Bliznakov moved her practice to France. Two years later, Bliznakov emigrated to the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring her first years in the United States, Bliznakov worked as an architect and studied Soviet architecture. She earned her Ph.D in architectural history from Columbia University in 1971. She taught at the University of Texas from 1972-1974, where she co-founded the Institute of Modern Russian Culture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1974, Milka Bliznakov became a professor at Virginia Polytechnic Insitute and State University's College of Architecture and Urban Planning, where she taught in the urban design program. Bliznakov became an authority on the Russian avante-garde and constructivism movements. In 1985, Bliznakov worked with the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the College of Architecture and Urban Studies to establish the International Archive of Women in Architecture. She served as the chair of the IAWA Board of Advisors from 1985-1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMilka Bliznakov retired in 1998 in conjunction with the establishment of the Milka Bliznakov Prize. The Milka Bliznakov Prize is awarded annually to those whose research furthers the knowledge of women's contributions to architecture and design.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBliznakov continued to acquire and donate works to the IAWA until her death on November 4, 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Milka Bliznakov was born in Varna, Bulgaria in 1927. She attended the State Polytechnic Institute of Sofia and graduated with a master's degree in architecture in 1951. Bliznakov began practicing architecture in Bulgaria in 1952. In 1959, Bliznakov moved her practice to France. Two years later, Bliznakov emigrated to the United States.","During her first years in the United States, Bliznakov worked as an architect and studied Soviet architecture. She earned her Ph.D in architectural history from Columbia University in 1971. She taught at the University of Texas from 1972-1974, where she co-founded the Institute of Modern Russian Culture.","In 1974, Milka Bliznakov became a professor at Virginia Polytechnic Insitute and State University's College of Architecture and Urban Planning, where she taught in the urban design program. Bliznakov became an authority on the Russian avante-garde and constructivism movements. In 1985, Bliznakov worked with the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the College of Architecture and Urban Studies to establish the International Archive of Women in Architecture. She served as the chair of the IAWA Board of Advisors from 1985-1993.","Milka Bliznakov retired in 1998 in conjunction with the establishment of the Milka Bliznakov Prize. The Milka Bliznakov Prize is awarded annually to those whose research furthers the knowledge of women's contributions to architecture and design.","Bliznakov continued to acquire and donate works to the IAWA until her death on November 4, 2010."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder],  Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, Ms1991-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder],  Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, Ms1991-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings was completed in February 2016.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings was completed in February 2016."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the activities of Milka Bliznakov (1927-2010), the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA) and former chair of its board of advisors (1985-1993). It contains personal materials, including biographical information and personal correspondence. This collection also contains materials documenting Milka's prolific career as an architect and a professor emerita at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Some significant topics represented in these files are avante-garde architecture; Russian constructivism; futurist architecture in the Soviet Union; the history of Bulgaria and Bulgarian architecture; and women in art and architecture. In addition, this collection contains unique documents about the destruction of architectural structures in Croatia during the Bosnian war; Federal Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) reports on Soviet concentration camps; and detailed drawings and and project plans for Soviet infastructure. This collection also documentsd the proceedings of organizations and conferences attended by Milka Bliznakov such as L'Union Internationale des Femmes Architectes (UIFA), the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA), and the Association for Slavic, Eastern European, and Eurasian Studies (AAASS). Materials are largely textual, comprising of correspondence, memoranda, minutes and agendas, legal materials, clippings, publications, reference files, blueprints, and maps. Among other formats scattered throughout the collection are photographs, negatives, and artifacts such as plaques. This collection also includes detailed drawings and specifications from Milka Bliznakov's architecture practice.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes Milka Bliznakov's biographical information, personal correspondence, travel, photographs, and other personal documents. Noteworthy objects include a video cassette on Milka Bliznakov, a stock certificate, and correspondence regarding the destruction of Croatian architecture during the Yugoslav Wars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of correspondence, writings, presentations, associations and committees, awards, research notes, reference files, and other professional works by Milka Bliznakov. These materials reflect Milka's work as a professor and architectural historian at Virginia Tech, as well as her broader network of women in architecture through the IAWA. Other noteworthy items include Milka's portfolio of work and exhibition posters collected from events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of faculy papers such as administrative materials, course materials, research notes, and reference files. While most of the series consists of materials from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, there are some materials from the University of Colombia. The content in this series expands from 1974-1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of Milka Bliznakov's architectural records for various residential projects. Content in this series extends from 1946-1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of art and artifacts donated to the Milka Bliznakov collection. Within this series, there is a metal file cabinet containing contact information. The cabinet contains contact information of Milka's friends, family, acquaintances, and colleagues. In addition, there are two large, framed awards and a t-shaped wooden utensil for drawing purposes. One of the awards is dated in 2007, but the other awards are not dated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBook by Dobrina Zheleva-Martins. Book paired with printed email exchange (in Bulgarian) between Bliznakov and Zheleva-Martins and Zheleva-Martins' curriculum vitae (in English), indicating that Bliznakov may have wanted to submit this to the archive as documentation of Zheleva-Martins' work.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the activities of Milka Bliznakov (1927-2010), the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA) and former chair of its board of advisors (1985-1993). It contains personal materials, including biographical information and personal correspondence. This collection also contains materials documenting Milka's prolific career as an architect and a professor emerita at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Some significant topics represented in these files are avante-garde architecture; Russian constructivism; futurist architecture in the Soviet Union; the history of Bulgaria and Bulgarian architecture; and women in art and architecture. In addition, this collection contains unique documents about the destruction of architectural structures in Croatia during the Bosnian war; Federal Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) reports on Soviet concentration camps; and detailed drawings and and project plans for Soviet infastructure. This collection also documentsd the proceedings of organizations and conferences attended by Milka Bliznakov such as L'Union Internationale des Femmes Architectes (UIFA), the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA), and the Association for Slavic, Eastern European, and Eurasian Studies (AAASS). Materials are largely textual, comprising of correspondence, memoranda, minutes and agendas, legal materials, clippings, publications, reference files, blueprints, and maps. Among other formats scattered throughout the collection are photographs, negatives, and artifacts such as plaques. This collection also includes detailed drawings and specifications from Milka Bliznakov's architecture practice.","This series includes Milka Bliznakov's biographical information, personal correspondence, travel, photographs, and other personal documents. Noteworthy objects include a video cassette on Milka Bliznakov, a stock certificate, and correspondence regarding the destruction of Croatian architecture during the Yugoslav Wars.","This series consists of correspondence, writings, presentations, associations and committees, awards, research notes, reference files, and other professional works by Milka Bliznakov. These materials reflect Milka's work as a professor and architectural historian at Virginia Tech, as well as her broader network of women in architecture through the IAWA. Other noteworthy items include Milka's portfolio of work and exhibition posters collected from events.","This series consists of faculy papers such as administrative materials, course materials, research notes, and reference files. While most of the series consists of materials from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, there are some materials from the University of Colombia. The content in this series expands from 1974-1996.","This series consists of Milka Bliznakov's architectural records for various residential projects. Content in this series extends from 1946-1983.","This series consists of art and artifacts donated to the Milka Bliznakov collection. Within this series, there is a metal file cabinet containing contact information. The cabinet contains contact information of Milka's friends, family, acquaintances, and colleagues. In addition, there are two large, framed awards and a t-shaped wooden utensil for drawing purposes. One of the awards is dated in 2007, but the other awards are not dated.","Book by Dobrina Zheleva-Martins. Book paired with printed email exchange (in Bulgarian) between Bliznakov and Zheleva-Martins and Zheleva-Martins' curriculum vitae (in English), indicating that Bliznakov may have wanted to submit this to the archive as documentation of Zheleva-Martins' work."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo volumes were returned to the Library of Columbia University. The following books were separated from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003eWatkins, R.N. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Ideal Communist City\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Braziller, 1968.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLloyd, P. \u0026amp; Collie, K. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSan Francisco: a guide to recent architecture\u003c/title\u003e. London: Ellipsis, 1997.\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eMarkelin, U.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eProfiles: Pioneering Women Architects from Finland\u003c/title\u003e. Museum of Finnish Architecture, 1983. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eUse of Tradition in Russian \u0026amp; Soviet Architecture\u003c/title\u003e, guest edited by Cooke, C. \u0026amp; Kudriavtsev, A. Architectural Design journal, v. 57, no. 7/8. London: Architectural Design, 1987.\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eBrumfield, W.C.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eReshaping Russian Architecture: Western Technology, Utopian Dreams\u003c/title\u003e. New York : Cambridge University Press, 1990. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eSomaya, B., Mehta, U., \u0026amp; Hecar Foundation\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAn Emancipated Place: the proceedings of the conference and exhibitino held in mumbai, February 2000\u003c/title\u003e. Mumbai : Hecar Foundation, 2000.\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eKuperus, M., \u0026amp; Meinsma, H.C.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eArchitectes\u003c/title\u003e. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Thoth, 1990.\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eBoutelle, S.H. \u0026amp; Morgan, J.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJulia Morgan, Architect\u003c/title\u003e.  New York : Abbeville Press, 1988. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePoem about Trees\u003c/title\u003e.  (ISBN: 9785090245890), \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Glossary of Architectural Terms \u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eIllustrated Garnsey\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLa Realidad Sovietica\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConstruction and Reconstruction of Towns\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWorking Architectural Studios I-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWorking Architectural Studios II-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRussian Formalism\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two volumes were returned to the Library of Columbia University. The following books were separated from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Watkins, R.N. The Ideal Communist City. New York: Braziller, 1968.\nLloyd, P. \u0026 Collie, K. San Francisco: a guide to recent architecture. London: Ellipsis, 1997. \nMarkelin, U.Profiles: Pioneering Women Architects from Finland. Museum of Finnish Architecture, 1983.  \nUse of Tradition in Russian \u0026 Soviet Architecture, guest edited by Cooke, C. \u0026 Kudriavtsev, A. Architectural Design journal, v. 57, no. 7/8. London: Architectural Design, 1987. \nBrumfield, W.C.Reshaping Russian Architecture: Western Technology, Utopian Dreams. New York : Cambridge University Press, 1990.  \nSomaya, B., Mehta, U., \u0026 Hecar FoundationAn Emancipated Place: the proceedings of the conference and exhibitino held in mumbai, February 2000. Mumbai : Hecar Foundation, 2000. \nKuperus, M., \u0026 Meinsma, H.C.Architectes. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Thoth, 1990. \nBoutelle, S.H. \u0026 Morgan, J.Julia Morgan, Architect.  New York : Abbeville Press, 1988.  \nPoem about Trees.  (ISBN: 9785090245890),  \nThe American Glossary of Architectural Terms .  \nIllustrated Garnsey.  \nLa Realidad Sovietica.  \nConstruction and Reconstruction of Towns.  \nWorking Architectural Studios I-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet.  \nWorking Architectural Studios II-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet.  \nRussian Formalism."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4904b4be35f9a287ba5ef74319f9f5c4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMilka Bliznakov was a Bulgarian architect, architectural historian, and professor who practiced in Bulgaria, France, and the United States. The collection consists of her publications, research, correspondence, professional documentation of her practice, conference participation materials, teaching materials, and documents related to her involvement as the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Milka Bliznakov was a Bulgarian architect, architectural historian, and professor who practiced in Bulgaria, France, and the United States. The collection consists of her publications, research, correspondence, professional documentation of her practice, conference participation materials, teaching materials, and documents related to her involvement as the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"language_ssim":["The majority of materials in this collection are written in English and Bulgarian. Additional materials are in German, French, Russian, Spanish, and Japanese."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":542,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:45:59.287Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1835.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Bliznakov, Milka T. Papers and Architectural Drawings,","title_ssm":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings"],"title_tesim":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1946-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1946-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1946/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, 1946/2010"],"text":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, 1946/2010","Ms.1991.025","Blacksburg (Va.)","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","History of Women in Architecture","University History","Women architects -- Bulgaria","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Faculty and staff","Collection is open for research.","This collection is arranged into five broad series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Faculty Papers, Major Projects, and Art \u0026 Artifacts. Within each of series, materials are arranged according to original order and chronology. Where original order was not clear, processing staff used the Standard Series for Architecture and Landscape Design Records as guidance.","Milka Bliznakov was born in Varna, Bulgaria in 1927. She attended the State Polytechnic Institute of Sofia and graduated with a master's degree in architecture in 1951. Bliznakov began practicing architecture in Bulgaria in 1952. In 1959, Bliznakov moved her practice to France. Two years later, Bliznakov emigrated to the United States.","During her first years in the United States, Bliznakov worked as an architect and studied Soviet architecture. She earned her Ph.D in architectural history from Columbia University in 1971. She taught at the University of Texas from 1972-1974, where she co-founded the Institute of Modern Russian Culture.","In 1974, Milka Bliznakov became a professor at Virginia Polytechnic Insitute and State University's College of Architecture and Urban Planning, where she taught in the urban design program. Bliznakov became an authority on the Russian avante-garde and constructivism movements. In 1985, Bliznakov worked with the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the College of Architecture and Urban Studies to establish the International Archive of Women in Architecture. She served as the chair of the IAWA Board of Advisors from 1985-1993.","Milka Bliznakov retired in 1998 in conjunction with the establishment of the Milka Bliznakov Prize. The Milka Bliznakov Prize is awarded annually to those whose research furthers the knowledge of women's contributions to architecture and design.","Bliznakov continued to acquire and donate works to the IAWA until her death on November 4, 2010.","The guide to the  Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings was completed in February 2016.","This collection documents the activities of Milka Bliznakov (1927-2010), the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA) and former chair of its board of advisors (1985-1993). It contains personal materials, including biographical information and personal correspondence. This collection also contains materials documenting Milka's prolific career as an architect and a professor emerita at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Some significant topics represented in these files are avante-garde architecture; Russian constructivism; futurist architecture in the Soviet Union; the history of Bulgaria and Bulgarian architecture; and women in art and architecture. In addition, this collection contains unique documents about the destruction of architectural structures in Croatia during the Bosnian war; Federal Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) reports on Soviet concentration camps; and detailed drawings and and project plans for Soviet infastructure. This collection also documentsd the proceedings of organizations and conferences attended by Milka Bliznakov such as L'Union Internationale des Femmes Architectes (UIFA), the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA), and the Association for Slavic, Eastern European, and Eurasian Studies (AAASS). Materials are largely textual, comprising of correspondence, memoranda, minutes and agendas, legal materials, clippings, publications, reference files, blueprints, and maps. Among other formats scattered throughout the collection are photographs, negatives, and artifacts such as plaques. This collection also includes detailed drawings and specifications from Milka Bliznakov's architecture practice.","This series includes Milka Bliznakov's biographical information, personal correspondence, travel, photographs, and other personal documents. Noteworthy objects include a video cassette on Milka Bliznakov, a stock certificate, and correspondence regarding the destruction of Croatian architecture during the Yugoslav Wars.","This series consists of correspondence, writings, presentations, associations and committees, awards, research notes, reference files, and other professional works by Milka Bliznakov. These materials reflect Milka's work as a professor and architectural historian at Virginia Tech, as well as her broader network of women in architecture through the IAWA. Other noteworthy items include Milka's portfolio of work and exhibition posters collected from events.","This series consists of faculy papers such as administrative materials, course materials, research notes, and reference files. While most of the series consists of materials from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, there are some materials from the University of Colombia. The content in this series expands from 1974-1996.","This series consists of Milka Bliznakov's architectural records for various residential projects. Content in this series extends from 1946-1983.","This series consists of art and artifacts donated to the Milka Bliznakov collection. Within this series, there is a metal file cabinet containing contact information. The cabinet contains contact information of Milka's friends, family, acquaintances, and colleagues. In addition, there are two large, framed awards and a t-shaped wooden utensil for drawing purposes. One of the awards is dated in 2007, but the other awards are not dated.","Book by Dobrina Zheleva-Martins. Book paired with printed email exchange (in Bulgarian) between Bliznakov and Zheleva-Martins and Zheleva-Martins' curriculum vitae (in English), indicating that Bliznakov may have wanted to submit this to the archive as documentation of Zheleva-Martins' work.","Two volumes were returned to the Library of Columbia University. The following books were separated from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Watkins, R.N. The Ideal Communist City. New York: Braziller, 1968.\nLloyd, P. \u0026 Collie, K. San Francisco: a guide to recent architecture. London: Ellipsis, 1997. \nMarkelin, U.Profiles: Pioneering Women Architects from Finland. Museum of Finnish Architecture, 1983.  \nUse of Tradition in Russian \u0026 Soviet Architecture, guest edited by Cooke, C. \u0026 Kudriavtsev, A. Architectural Design journal, v. 57, no. 7/8. London: Architectural Design, 1987. \nBrumfield, W.C.Reshaping Russian Architecture: Western Technology, Utopian Dreams. New York : Cambridge University Press, 1990.  \nSomaya, B., Mehta, U., \u0026 Hecar FoundationAn Emancipated Place: the proceedings of the conference and exhibitino held in mumbai, February 2000. Mumbai : Hecar Foundation, 2000. \nKuperus, M., \u0026 Meinsma, H.C.Architectes. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Thoth, 1990. \nBoutelle, S.H. \u0026 Morgan, J.Julia Morgan, Architect.  New York : Abbeville Press, 1988.  \nPoem about Trees.  (ISBN: 9785090245890),  \nThe American Glossary of Architectural Terms .  \nIllustrated Garnsey.  \nLa Realidad Sovietica.  \nConstruction and Reconstruction of Towns.  \nWorking Architectural Studios I-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet.  \nWorking Architectural Studios II-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet.  \nRussian Formalism.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Milka Bliznakov was a Bulgarian architect, architectural historian, and professor who practiced in Bulgaria, France, and the United States. The collection consists of her publications, research, correspondence, professional documentation of her practice, conference participation materials, teaching materials, and documents related to her involvement as the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010","The majority of materials in this collection are written in English and Bulgarian. Additional materials are in German, French, Russian, Spanish, and Japanese."],"collection_title_tesim":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, 1946/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, 1946/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1991.025"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1991.025"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"creator_ssim":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings Collection was donated to the IAWA at Special Collections in 2002 by Dr. Milka Bliznakov. Additions were made to the collection by Milka Bliznakov and Donna Dunay in 2006, 2007, 2011, and 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","History of Women in Architecture","University History","Women architects -- Bulgaria","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Faculty and staff"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","History of Women in Architecture","University History","Women architects -- Bulgaria","Montgomery County (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Faculty and staff"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["32.82 Cubic Feet 37 boxes; 8 oversize; 4 artifacts"],"extent_tesim":["32.82 Cubic Feet 37 boxes; 8 oversize; 4 artifacts"],"date_range_isim":[1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged into five broad series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Faculty Papers, Major Projects, and Art \u0026amp; Artifacts. Within each of series, materials are arranged according to original order and chronology. Where original order was not clear, processing staff used the Standard Series for Architecture and Landscape Design Records as guidance.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged into five broad series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Faculty Papers, Major Projects, and Art \u0026 Artifacts. Within each of series, materials are arranged according to original order and chronology. Where original order was not clear, processing staff used the Standard Series for Architecture and Landscape Design Records as guidance."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMilka Bliznakov was born in Varna, Bulgaria in 1927. She attended the State Polytechnic Institute of Sofia and graduated with a master's degree in architecture in 1951. Bliznakov began practicing architecture in Bulgaria in 1952. In 1959, Bliznakov moved her practice to France. Two years later, Bliznakov emigrated to the United States.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring her first years in the United States, Bliznakov worked as an architect and studied Soviet architecture. She earned her Ph.D in architectural history from Columbia University in 1971. She taught at the University of Texas from 1972-1974, where she co-founded the Institute of Modern Russian Culture.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1974, Milka Bliznakov became a professor at Virginia Polytechnic Insitute and State University's College of Architecture and Urban Planning, where she taught in the urban design program. Bliznakov became an authority on the Russian avante-garde and constructivism movements. In 1985, Bliznakov worked with the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the College of Architecture and Urban Studies to establish the International Archive of Women in Architecture. She served as the chair of the IAWA Board of Advisors from 1985-1993.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMilka Bliznakov retired in 1998 in conjunction with the establishment of the Milka Bliznakov Prize. The Milka Bliznakov Prize is awarded annually to those whose research furthers the knowledge of women's contributions to architecture and design.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBliznakov continued to acquire and donate works to the IAWA until her death on November 4, 2010.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Milka Bliznakov was born in Varna, Bulgaria in 1927. She attended the State Polytechnic Institute of Sofia and graduated with a master's degree in architecture in 1951. Bliznakov began practicing architecture in Bulgaria in 1952. In 1959, Bliznakov moved her practice to France. Two years later, Bliznakov emigrated to the United States.","During her first years in the United States, Bliznakov worked as an architect and studied Soviet architecture. She earned her Ph.D in architectural history from Columbia University in 1971. She taught at the University of Texas from 1972-1974, where she co-founded the Institute of Modern Russian Culture.","In 1974, Milka Bliznakov became a professor at Virginia Polytechnic Insitute and State University's College of Architecture and Urban Planning, where she taught in the urban design program. Bliznakov became an authority on the Russian avante-garde and constructivism movements. In 1985, Bliznakov worked with the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the College of Architecture and Urban Studies to establish the International Archive of Women in Architecture. She served as the chair of the IAWA Board of Advisors from 1985-1993.","Milka Bliznakov retired in 1998 in conjunction with the establishment of the Milka Bliznakov Prize. The Milka Bliznakov Prize is awarded annually to those whose research furthers the knowledge of women's contributions to architecture and design.","Bliznakov continued to acquire and donate works to the IAWA until her death on November 4, 2010."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the  Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder],  Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, Ms1991-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder],  Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings, Ms1991-025, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings was completed in February 2016.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Milka T. Bliznakov Papers and Architectural Drawings was completed in February 2016."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the activities of Milka Bliznakov (1927-2010), the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA) and former chair of its board of advisors (1985-1993). It contains personal materials, including biographical information and personal correspondence. This collection also contains materials documenting Milka's prolific career as an architect and a professor emerita at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Some significant topics represented in these files are avante-garde architecture; Russian constructivism; futurist architecture in the Soviet Union; the history of Bulgaria and Bulgarian architecture; and women in art and architecture. In addition, this collection contains unique documents about the destruction of architectural structures in Croatia during the Bosnian war; Federal Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) reports on Soviet concentration camps; and detailed drawings and and project plans for Soviet infastructure. This collection also documentsd the proceedings of organizations and conferences attended by Milka Bliznakov such as L'Union Internationale des Femmes Architectes (UIFA), the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA), and the Association for Slavic, Eastern European, and Eurasian Studies (AAASS). Materials are largely textual, comprising of correspondence, memoranda, minutes and agendas, legal materials, clippings, publications, reference files, blueprints, and maps. Among other formats scattered throughout the collection are photographs, negatives, and artifacts such as plaques. This collection also includes detailed drawings and specifications from Milka Bliznakov's architecture practice.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes Milka Bliznakov's biographical information, personal correspondence, travel, photographs, and other personal documents. Noteworthy objects include a video cassette on Milka Bliznakov, a stock certificate, and correspondence regarding the destruction of Croatian architecture during the Yugoslav Wars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of correspondence, writings, presentations, associations and committees, awards, research notes, reference files, and other professional works by Milka Bliznakov. These materials reflect Milka's work as a professor and architectural historian at Virginia Tech, as well as her broader network of women in architecture through the IAWA. Other noteworthy items include Milka's portfolio of work and exhibition posters collected from events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of faculy papers such as administrative materials, course materials, research notes, and reference files. While most of the series consists of materials from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, there are some materials from the University of Colombia. The content in this series expands from 1974-1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of Milka Bliznakov's architectural records for various residential projects. Content in this series extends from 1946-1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series consists of art and artifacts donated to the Milka Bliznakov collection. Within this series, there is a metal file cabinet containing contact information. The cabinet contains contact information of Milka's friends, family, acquaintances, and colleagues. In addition, there are two large, framed awards and a t-shaped wooden utensil for drawing purposes. One of the awards is dated in 2007, but the other awards are not dated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBook by Dobrina Zheleva-Martins. Book paired with printed email exchange (in Bulgarian) between Bliznakov and Zheleva-Martins and Zheleva-Martins' curriculum vitae (in English), indicating that Bliznakov may have wanted to submit this to the archive as documentation of Zheleva-Martins' work.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the activities of Milka Bliznakov (1927-2010), the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA) and former chair of its board of advisors (1985-1993). It contains personal materials, including biographical information and personal correspondence. This collection also contains materials documenting Milka's prolific career as an architect and a professor emerita at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Some significant topics represented in these files are avante-garde architecture; Russian constructivism; futurist architecture in the Soviet Union; the history of Bulgaria and Bulgarian architecture; and women in art and architecture. In addition, this collection contains unique documents about the destruction of architectural structures in Croatia during the Bosnian war; Federal Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) reports on Soviet concentration camps; and detailed drawings and and project plans for Soviet infastructure. This collection also documentsd the proceedings of organizations and conferences attended by Milka Bliznakov such as L'Union Internationale des Femmes Architectes (UIFA), the International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA), and the Association for Slavic, Eastern European, and Eurasian Studies (AAASS). Materials are largely textual, comprising of correspondence, memoranda, minutes and agendas, legal materials, clippings, publications, reference files, blueprints, and maps. Among other formats scattered throughout the collection are photographs, negatives, and artifacts such as plaques. This collection also includes detailed drawings and specifications from Milka Bliznakov's architecture practice.","This series includes Milka Bliznakov's biographical information, personal correspondence, travel, photographs, and other personal documents. Noteworthy objects include a video cassette on Milka Bliznakov, a stock certificate, and correspondence regarding the destruction of Croatian architecture during the Yugoslav Wars.","This series consists of correspondence, writings, presentations, associations and committees, awards, research notes, reference files, and other professional works by Milka Bliznakov. These materials reflect Milka's work as a professor and architectural historian at Virginia Tech, as well as her broader network of women in architecture through the IAWA. Other noteworthy items include Milka's portfolio of work and exhibition posters collected from events.","This series consists of faculy papers such as administrative materials, course materials, research notes, and reference files. While most of the series consists of materials from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, there are some materials from the University of Colombia. The content in this series expands from 1974-1996.","This series consists of Milka Bliznakov's architectural records for various residential projects. Content in this series extends from 1946-1983.","This series consists of art and artifacts donated to the Milka Bliznakov collection. Within this series, there is a metal file cabinet containing contact information. The cabinet contains contact information of Milka's friends, family, acquaintances, and colleagues. In addition, there are two large, framed awards and a t-shaped wooden utensil for drawing purposes. One of the awards is dated in 2007, but the other awards are not dated.","Book by Dobrina Zheleva-Martins. Book paired with printed email exchange (in Bulgarian) between Bliznakov and Zheleva-Martins and Zheleva-Martins' curriculum vitae (in English), indicating that Bliznakov may have wanted to submit this to the archive as documentation of Zheleva-Martins' work."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo volumes were returned to the Library of Columbia University. The following books were separated from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003eWatkins, R.N. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Ideal Communist City\u003c/title\u003e. New York: Braziller, 1968.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLloyd, P. \u0026amp; Collie, K. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSan Francisco: a guide to recent architecture\u003c/title\u003e. London: Ellipsis, 1997.\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eMarkelin, U.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eProfiles: Pioneering Women Architects from Finland\u003c/title\u003e. Museum of Finnish Architecture, 1983. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eUse of Tradition in Russian \u0026amp; Soviet Architecture\u003c/title\u003e, guest edited by Cooke, C. \u0026amp; Kudriavtsev, A. Architectural Design journal, v. 57, no. 7/8. London: Architectural Design, 1987.\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eBrumfield, W.C.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eReshaping Russian Architecture: Western Technology, Utopian Dreams\u003c/title\u003e. New York : Cambridge University Press, 1990. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eSomaya, B., Mehta, U., \u0026amp; Hecar Foundation\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAn Emancipated Place: the proceedings of the conference and exhibitino held in mumbai, February 2000\u003c/title\u003e. Mumbai : Hecar Foundation, 2000.\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eKuperus, M., \u0026amp; Meinsma, H.C.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eArchitectes\u003c/title\u003e. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Thoth, 1990.\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eBoutelle, S.H. \u0026amp; Morgan, J.\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJulia Morgan, Architect\u003c/title\u003e.  New York : Abbeville Press, 1988. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePoem about Trees\u003c/title\u003e.  (ISBN: 9785090245890), \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe American Glossary of Architectural Terms \u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eIllustrated Garnsey\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLa Realidad Sovietica\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConstruction and Reconstruction of Towns\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWorking Architectural Studios I-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWorking Architectural Studios II-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eRussian Formalism\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/item\u003e \u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two volumes were returned to the Library of Columbia University. The following books were separated from the collection to be cataloged for the Rare Book Collection:","Watkins, R.N. The Ideal Communist City. New York: Braziller, 1968.\nLloyd, P. \u0026 Collie, K. San Francisco: a guide to recent architecture. London: Ellipsis, 1997. \nMarkelin, U.Profiles: Pioneering Women Architects from Finland. Museum of Finnish Architecture, 1983.  \nUse of Tradition in Russian \u0026 Soviet Architecture, guest edited by Cooke, C. \u0026 Kudriavtsev, A. Architectural Design journal, v. 57, no. 7/8. London: Architectural Design, 1987. \nBrumfield, W.C.Reshaping Russian Architecture: Western Technology, Utopian Dreams. New York : Cambridge University Press, 1990.  \nSomaya, B., Mehta, U., \u0026 Hecar FoundationAn Emancipated Place: the proceedings of the conference and exhibitino held in mumbai, February 2000. Mumbai : Hecar Foundation, 2000. \nKuperus, M., \u0026 Meinsma, H.C.Architectes. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Thoth, 1990. \nBoutelle, S.H. \u0026 Morgan, J.Julia Morgan, Architect.  New York : Abbeville Press, 1988.  \nPoem about Trees.  (ISBN: 9785090245890),  \nThe American Glossary of Architectural Terms .  \nIllustrated Garnsey.  \nLa Realidad Sovietica.  \nConstruction and Reconstruction of Towns.  \nWorking Architectural Studios I-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet.  \nWorking Architectural Studios II-Design Department of the Moscow Soviet.  \nRussian Formalism."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4904b4be35f9a287ba5ef74319f9f5c4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMilka Bliznakov was a Bulgarian architect, architectural historian, and professor who practiced in Bulgaria, France, and the United States. The collection consists of her publications, research, correspondence, professional documentation of her practice, conference participation materials, teaching materials, and documents related to her involvement as the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Milka Bliznakov was a Bulgarian architect, architectural historian, and professor who practiced in Bulgaria, France, and the United States. The collection consists of her publications, research, correspondence, professional documentation of her practice, conference participation materials, teaching materials, and documents related to her involvement as the founder of the International Archive of Women in Architecture."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Bliznakov, Milka T., 1927-2010"],"language_ssim":["The majority of materials in this collection are written in English and Bulgarian. Additional materials are in German, French, Russian, Spanish, and Japanese."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":542,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:45:59.287Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1835"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Southside Garden Club Records, 1914/2009","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Materials in the collection include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and organization reports, minutes, pressbooks, yearbooks, and scrapbooks from the Southside Garden Club.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2319.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Southside Garden Club Records","title_ssm":["Southside Garden Club Records"],"title_tesim":["Southside Garden Club Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1914-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1914/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Southside Garden Club Records, 1914/2009"],"text":["Southside Garden Club Records, 1914/2009","Ms.2007.032","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series each of which is arranged in chronological order.","Series I: Blacksburg Woman's Club Material, 1914-1957: this series contains newspaper clippings, minutes, yearbooks, and publications.","Series II: Southside Garden Club Material, 1947-2009: this series is broken up into three sub-series described below: Sub-series A: Records and Minutes, 1947-2005, this series contains annual reports and minutes of the Garden Club. The series is separated into categories and arranged in chronological order. Sub-series B: Garden Club Awards and Pressbooks, 1964-2001, this series contains press clippings regarding garden club activities and booklets related to the contests entered by Garden Club members. Sub-series C: Garden Club Scrapbooks, 1962-2009, this series contains the scrapbooks of the Garden Club. This series also contains garden show programs from shows hosted by the Southside Garden Club and a few other local garden clubs.","The Southside Garden Club began as a committee under the governance of the Blacksburg Woman's Club. In the 1920s, in order to generate more interest in the Woman's Club a committee was formed known as the Garden Committee. The committee first met in February of 1928, and in March of 1930 the committee voted to withdraw from the Woman's Club and form its own independent organization. From the very beginning the Garden Club was concerned with community involvement and civic interests including the beautification of Blacksburg. In the late 1930s, the Garden Club's membership had grown beyond the capacity that could be accommodated by meetings in women's homes, in order to solve this problem, the club voted to split into three groups, the Arboretum Garden Club, Southside Garden Club, and Town and Country Garden Club.","The Southside Garden Club, so named because many members lived on the south side of town, was federated in 1941. The Southside Garden Club continued the tradition of community involvement. In 1952, the club voted in favor of having women on the town council and in 1963, succeeded in making Blacksburg a bird sanctuary. It has furnished flowers and plants for various public buildings such as school grounds, Historic Smithfield, and the public library. Members of the Southside Garden Club have also participated in many contests and won awards in categories such as Garden Therapy and Horticulture. The primary mission of the Garden Club has always been the beautification of the town and county, and that mission continues even into the present day.","The guide to the Southside Garden Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The original donation of materials was processed, arranged, and described in 2008. Accessions received in 2011 and 2018 were processed in July 2018. The 2019 accession was processed in October 2022.","The Southside Garden Club Records contain materials from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and the Southside Garden Club. The Blacksburg Woman's Club materials include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks. The Southside Garden Club materials include the organization's records and history as well as minutes, yearbooks, awards, and scrapbooks. There are multiple programs from shows that the Southside Garden Club and other local garden clubs hosted. The bulk of the collection is scrapbooks which contain photographs of floral arrangements and Garden Club members, newspaper clippings, and yearbooks from each year.","A 1978 New Virginians Home Show program was placed in the Record Group Vertical Files RG 31/8/12.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: https://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: https://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Materials in the collection include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and organization reports, minutes, pressbooks, yearbooks, and scrapbooks from the Southside Garden Club.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Southside Garden Club Records, 1914/2009"],"collection_ssim":["Southside Garden Club Records, 1914/2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2007.032"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2007.032"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: https://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: https://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Southside Garden Club Records were donated to Special Collections in 2007. Additional scrapbooks were donated in 2011 and 2018. Additional materials were donated to Special Collections in 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.9 Cubic Feet 15 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.9 Cubic Feet 15 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series each of which is arranged in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Blacksburg Woman's Club Material, 1914-1957: this series contains newspaper clippings, minutes, yearbooks, and publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Southside Garden Club Material, 1947-2009: this series is broken up into three sub-series described below:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e Sub-series A: Records and Minutes, 1947-2005, this series contains annual reports and minutes of the Garden Club. The series is separated into categories and arranged in chronological order.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e Sub-series B: Garden Club Awards and Pressbooks, 1964-2001, this series contains press clippings regarding garden club activities and booklets related to the contests entered by Garden Club members.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e Sub-series C: Garden Club Scrapbooks, 1962-2009, this series contains the scrapbooks of the Garden Club. This series also contains garden show programs from shows hosted by the Southside Garden Club and a few other local garden clubs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series each of which is arranged in chronological order.","Series I: Blacksburg Woman's Club Material, 1914-1957: this series contains newspaper clippings, minutes, yearbooks, and publications.","Series II: Southside Garden Club Material, 1947-2009: this series is broken up into three sub-series described below: Sub-series A: Records and Minutes, 1947-2005, this series contains annual reports and minutes of the Garden Club. The series is separated into categories and arranged in chronological order. Sub-series B: Garden Club Awards and Pressbooks, 1964-2001, this series contains press clippings regarding garden club activities and booklets related to the contests entered by Garden Club members. Sub-series C: Garden Club Scrapbooks, 1962-2009, this series contains the scrapbooks of the Garden Club. This series also contains garden show programs from shows hosted by the Southside Garden Club and a few other local garden clubs."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Southside Garden Club began as a committee under the governance of the Blacksburg Woman's Club. In the 1920s, in order to generate more interest in the Woman's Club a committee was formed known as the Garden Committee. The committee first met in February of 1928, and in March of 1930 the committee voted to withdraw from the Woman's Club and form its own independent organization. From the very beginning the Garden Club was concerned with community involvement and civic interests including the beautification of Blacksburg. In the late 1930s, the Garden Club's membership had grown beyond the capacity that could be accommodated by meetings in women's homes, in order to solve this problem, the club voted to split into three groups, the Arboretum Garden Club, Southside Garden Club, and Town and Country Garden Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Southside Garden Club, so named because many members lived on the south side of town, was federated in 1941. The Southside Garden Club continued the tradition of community involvement. In 1952, the club voted in favor of having women on the town council and in 1963, succeeded in making Blacksburg a bird sanctuary. It has furnished flowers and plants for various public buildings such as school grounds, Historic Smithfield, and the public library. Members of the Southside Garden Club have also participated in many contests and won awards in categories such as Garden Therapy and Horticulture. The primary mission of the Garden Club has always been the beautification of the town and county, and that mission continues even into the present day. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Southside Garden Club began as a committee under the governance of the Blacksburg Woman's Club. In the 1920s, in order to generate more interest in the Woman's Club a committee was formed known as the Garden Committee. The committee first met in February of 1928, and in March of 1930 the committee voted to withdraw from the Woman's Club and form its own independent organization. From the very beginning the Garden Club was concerned with community involvement and civic interests including the beautification of Blacksburg. In the late 1930s, the Garden Club's membership had grown beyond the capacity that could be accommodated by meetings in women's homes, in order to solve this problem, the club voted to split into three groups, the Arboretum Garden Club, Southside Garden Club, and Town and Country Garden Club.","The Southside Garden Club, so named because many members lived on the south side of town, was federated in 1941. The Southside Garden Club continued the tradition of community involvement. In 1952, the club voted in favor of having women on the town council and in 1963, succeeded in making Blacksburg a bird sanctuary. It has furnished flowers and plants for various public buildings such as school grounds, Historic Smithfield, and the public library. Members of the Southside Garden Club have also participated in many contests and won awards in categories such as Garden Therapy and Horticulture. The primary mission of the Garden Club has always been the beautification of the town and county, and that mission continues even into the present day."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Southside Garden Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Southside Garden Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Southside Garden Club Records, Ms2007-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Southside Garden Club Records, Ms2007-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original donation of materials was processed, arranged, and described in 2008. Accessions received in 2011 and 2018 were processed in July 2018. The 2019 accession was processed in October 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The original donation of materials was processed, arranged, and described in 2008. Accessions received in 2011 and 2018 were processed in July 2018. The 2019 accession was processed in October 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Southside Garden Club Records contain materials from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and the Southside Garden Club. The Blacksburg Woman's Club materials include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks. The Southside Garden Club materials include the organization's records and history as well as minutes, yearbooks, awards, and scrapbooks. There are multiple programs from shows that the Southside Garden Club and other local garden clubs hosted. The bulk of the collection is scrapbooks which contain photographs of floral arrangements and Garden Club members, newspaper clippings, and yearbooks from each year.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Southside Garden Club Records contain materials from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and the Southside Garden Club. The Blacksburg Woman's Club materials include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks. The Southside Garden Club materials include the organization's records and history as well as minutes, yearbooks, awards, and scrapbooks. There are multiple programs from shows that the Southside Garden Club and other local garden clubs hosted. The bulk of the collection is scrapbooks which contain photographs of floral arrangements and Garden Club members, newspaper clippings, and yearbooks from each year."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA 1978 New Virginians Home Show program was placed in the Record Group Vertical Files RG 31/8/12.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A 1978 New Virginians Home Show program was placed in the Record Group Vertical Files RG 31/8/12."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: https://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: https://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_042d0fa7594c15eb15cacdc3556e08a4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMaterials in the collection include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and organization reports, minutes, pressbooks, yearbooks, and scrapbooks from the Southside Garden Club.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Materials in the collection include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and organization reports, minutes, pressbooks, yearbooks, and scrapbooks from the Southside Garden Club."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":100,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:47:23.643Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2319.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Southside Garden Club Records","title_ssm":["Southside Garden Club Records"],"title_tesim":["Southside Garden Club Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1914-2009"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-2009"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1914/2009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Southside Garden Club Records, 1914/2009"],"text":["Southside Garden Club Records, 1914/2009","Ms.2007.032","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series each of which is arranged in chronological order.","Series I: Blacksburg Woman's Club Material, 1914-1957: this series contains newspaper clippings, minutes, yearbooks, and publications.","Series II: Southside Garden Club Material, 1947-2009: this series is broken up into three sub-series described below: Sub-series A: Records and Minutes, 1947-2005, this series contains annual reports and minutes of the Garden Club. The series is separated into categories and arranged in chronological order. Sub-series B: Garden Club Awards and Pressbooks, 1964-2001, this series contains press clippings regarding garden club activities and booklets related to the contests entered by Garden Club members. Sub-series C: Garden Club Scrapbooks, 1962-2009, this series contains the scrapbooks of the Garden Club. This series also contains garden show programs from shows hosted by the Southside Garden Club and a few other local garden clubs.","The Southside Garden Club began as a committee under the governance of the Blacksburg Woman's Club. In the 1920s, in order to generate more interest in the Woman's Club a committee was formed known as the Garden Committee. The committee first met in February of 1928, and in March of 1930 the committee voted to withdraw from the Woman's Club and form its own independent organization. From the very beginning the Garden Club was concerned with community involvement and civic interests including the beautification of Blacksburg. In the late 1930s, the Garden Club's membership had grown beyond the capacity that could be accommodated by meetings in women's homes, in order to solve this problem, the club voted to split into three groups, the Arboretum Garden Club, Southside Garden Club, and Town and Country Garden Club.","The Southside Garden Club, so named because many members lived on the south side of town, was federated in 1941. The Southside Garden Club continued the tradition of community involvement. In 1952, the club voted in favor of having women on the town council and in 1963, succeeded in making Blacksburg a bird sanctuary. It has furnished flowers and plants for various public buildings such as school grounds, Historic Smithfield, and the public library. Members of the Southside Garden Club have also participated in many contests and won awards in categories such as Garden Therapy and Horticulture. The primary mission of the Garden Club has always been the beautification of the town and county, and that mission continues even into the present day.","The guide to the Southside Garden Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The original donation of materials was processed, arranged, and described in 2008. Accessions received in 2011 and 2018 were processed in July 2018. The 2019 accession was processed in October 2022.","The Southside Garden Club Records contain materials from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and the Southside Garden Club. The Blacksburg Woman's Club materials include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks. The Southside Garden Club materials include the organization's records and history as well as minutes, yearbooks, awards, and scrapbooks. There are multiple programs from shows that the Southside Garden Club and other local garden clubs hosted. The bulk of the collection is scrapbooks which contain photographs of floral arrangements and Garden Club members, newspaper clippings, and yearbooks from each year.","A 1978 New Virginians Home Show program was placed in the Record Group Vertical Files RG 31/8/12.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: https://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: https://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Materials in the collection include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and organization reports, minutes, pressbooks, yearbooks, and scrapbooks from the Southside Garden Club.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Southside Garden Club Records, 1914/2009"],"collection_ssim":["Southside Garden Club Records, 1914/2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2007.032"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2007.032"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: https://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: https://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Southside Garden Club Records were donated to Special Collections in 2007. Additional scrapbooks were donated in 2011 and 2018. Additional materials were donated to Special Collections in 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["6.9 Cubic Feet 15 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["6.9 Cubic Feet 15 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series each of which is arranged in chronological order. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries I: Blacksburg Woman's Club Material, 1914-1957: this series contains newspaper clippings, minutes, yearbooks, and publications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries II: Southside Garden Club Material, 1947-2009: this series is broken up into three sub-series described below:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e Sub-series A: Records and Minutes, 1947-2005, this series contains annual reports and minutes of the Garden Club. The series is separated into categories and arranged in chronological order.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e Sub-series B: Garden Club Awards and Pressbooks, 1964-2001, this series contains press clippings regarding garden club activities and booklets related to the contests entered by Garden Club members.\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e Sub-series C: Garden Club Scrapbooks, 1962-2009, this series contains the scrapbooks of the Garden Club. This series also contains garden show programs from shows hosted by the Southside Garden Club and a few other local garden clubs.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series each of which is arranged in chronological order.","Series I: Blacksburg Woman's Club Material, 1914-1957: this series contains newspaper clippings, minutes, yearbooks, and publications.","Series II: Southside Garden Club Material, 1947-2009: this series is broken up into three sub-series described below: Sub-series A: Records and Minutes, 1947-2005, this series contains annual reports and minutes of the Garden Club. The series is separated into categories and arranged in chronological order. Sub-series B: Garden Club Awards and Pressbooks, 1964-2001, this series contains press clippings regarding garden club activities and booklets related to the contests entered by Garden Club members. Sub-series C: Garden Club Scrapbooks, 1962-2009, this series contains the scrapbooks of the Garden Club. This series also contains garden show programs from shows hosted by the Southside Garden Club and a few other local garden clubs."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Southside Garden Club began as a committee under the governance of the Blacksburg Woman's Club. In the 1920s, in order to generate more interest in the Woman's Club a committee was formed known as the Garden Committee. The committee first met in February of 1928, and in March of 1930 the committee voted to withdraw from the Woman's Club and form its own independent organization. From the very beginning the Garden Club was concerned with community involvement and civic interests including the beautification of Blacksburg. In the late 1930s, the Garden Club's membership had grown beyond the capacity that could be accommodated by meetings in women's homes, in order to solve this problem, the club voted to split into three groups, the Arboretum Garden Club, Southside Garden Club, and Town and Country Garden Club.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Southside Garden Club, so named because many members lived on the south side of town, was federated in 1941. The Southside Garden Club continued the tradition of community involvement. In 1952, the club voted in favor of having women on the town council and in 1963, succeeded in making Blacksburg a bird sanctuary. It has furnished flowers and plants for various public buildings such as school grounds, Historic Smithfield, and the public library. Members of the Southside Garden Club have also participated in many contests and won awards in categories such as Garden Therapy and Horticulture. The primary mission of the Garden Club has always been the beautification of the town and county, and that mission continues even into the present day. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Southside Garden Club began as a committee under the governance of the Blacksburg Woman's Club. In the 1920s, in order to generate more interest in the Woman's Club a committee was formed known as the Garden Committee. The committee first met in February of 1928, and in March of 1930 the committee voted to withdraw from the Woman's Club and form its own independent organization. From the very beginning the Garden Club was concerned with community involvement and civic interests including the beautification of Blacksburg. In the late 1930s, the Garden Club's membership had grown beyond the capacity that could be accommodated by meetings in women's homes, in order to solve this problem, the club voted to split into three groups, the Arboretum Garden Club, Southside Garden Club, and Town and Country Garden Club.","The Southside Garden Club, so named because many members lived on the south side of town, was federated in 1941. The Southside Garden Club continued the tradition of community involvement. In 1952, the club voted in favor of having women on the town council and in 1963, succeeded in making Blacksburg a bird sanctuary. It has furnished flowers and plants for various public buildings such as school grounds, Historic Smithfield, and the public library. Members of the Southside Garden Club have also participated in many contests and won awards in categories such as Garden Therapy and Horticulture. The primary mission of the Garden Club has always been the beautification of the town and county, and that mission continues even into the present day."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Southside Garden Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Southside Garden Club Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Southside Garden Club Records, Ms2007-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Southside Garden Club Records, Ms2007-032, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original donation of materials was processed, arranged, and described in 2008. Accessions received in 2011 and 2018 were processed in July 2018. The 2019 accession was processed in October 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The original donation of materials was processed, arranged, and described in 2008. Accessions received in 2011 and 2018 were processed in July 2018. The 2019 accession was processed in October 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Southside Garden Club Records contain materials from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and the Southside Garden Club. The Blacksburg Woman's Club materials include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks. The Southside Garden Club materials include the organization's records and history as well as minutes, yearbooks, awards, and scrapbooks. There are multiple programs from shows that the Southside Garden Club and other local garden clubs hosted. The bulk of the collection is scrapbooks which contain photographs of floral arrangements and Garden Club members, newspaper clippings, and yearbooks from each year.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Southside Garden Club Records contain materials from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and the Southside Garden Club. The Blacksburg Woman's Club materials include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks. The Southside Garden Club materials include the organization's records and history as well as minutes, yearbooks, awards, and scrapbooks. There are multiple programs from shows that the Southside Garden Club and other local garden clubs hosted. The bulk of the collection is scrapbooks which contain photographs of floral arrangements and Garden Club members, newspaper clippings, and yearbooks from each year."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA 1978 New Virginians Home Show program was placed in the Record Group Vertical Files RG 31/8/12.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["A 1978 New Virginians Home Show program was placed in the Record Group Vertical Files RG 31/8/12."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttps://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: https://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: https://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_042d0fa7594c15eb15cacdc3556e08a4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eMaterials in the collection include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and organization reports, minutes, pressbooks, yearbooks, and scrapbooks from the Southside Garden Club.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Materials in the collection include newspaper clippings, minutes and yearbooks from the Blacksburg Woman's Club and organization reports, minutes, pressbooks, yearbooks, and scrapbooks from the Southside Garden Club."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Blacksburg Woman's Club (Blacksburg, Va.)","Southside Garden Club (1928/1930-) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":100,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:47:23.643Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2319"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862/2010","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the records of Dr. Harvy Black Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy. It contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans, as well as chapter financial records, minute books, membership records, printed materials and scrapbooks.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1783.xml","title_filing_ssi":"United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records","title_ssm":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records"],"title_tesim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862/2010"],"text":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862/2010","Ms.1990.050","Blacksburg (Va.)","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is divided among the following series:","I. Confederate Veterans, 1862-1967. This series includes a set of letters written from Giles County, Virginia by Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry) to his wife (accompanied by portraits of the Eppersons). The series also contains a set of local applications for Southern Crosses of Honor, many of which were completed and signed by the veterans themselves. Also found here are biographical data on local veterans and information on local World War I and II soldiers who descended from Confederate veterans. This series is arranged by material type.","II. Chapter Financial Records, 1896-1982. In addition to two early treasurer's books, this series also contains the chapter's membership tax lists and a file on the local Confederate Memorial Fund. This series is arranged by material type.","III. Chapter Minutes, 1896-2009. This series contains a set of books detailing the proceedings of the chapter's meetings and is arranged chronologically.","IV. Chapter Membership Records, 1896-1981. This series contains applications for membership in the Dr. Harvy Black chapter. The membership forms include information on the applicants, their family, and their ancestors' roles in the Civil War. The series also contains a small set of forms for members who transferred from other chapters. The series is arranged by document type, then alphabetically.","V. Printed Materials, 1897-1999. The Printed Materials Series contains both UDC and non-UDC publications. It includes a set of the Dr. Harvy Black chapter's yearbooks, as well as programs and proceedings for national and state UDC conventions. Among the non-UDC publications are several booklets devoted to various aspects of Civil War history. The newspaper clippings in this series contain information on UDC activities as well as historical topics, including articles on ex-Confederate immigrants to South America.","VI. General Materials, 1896-2009. Comprised of a wide variety of materials, this series includes such materials as correspondence, the chapter's charter, photos of Blacksburg's Smithfield Plantation, and a commemorative ribbon from the 1905 Confederate veterans' reunion in Christiansburg, Virginia. A 1994 oral history interview with Bernice Willard is also included.","VII. Scrapbooks, 1935-2005. The scrapbooks in this series contain such items as programs, essays and newspaper clippings on the United Daughters of the Confederacy and on Civil War history.","The United Daughters of the Confederacy was established in Nashville, Tennessee in 1894. Comprised of female descendants of Confederate Civil War veterans, the organization was formed to preserve materials and places significant to Confederate history and to provide assistance to needy families of Confederate veterans. The Blacksburg, Virginia chapter, named in honor of local resident and Fourth Virginia Infantry surgeon Harvy Black, was formed in 1896. The chapter disbanded in 2009.","The guide to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement and description of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records commenced in October 2003 and was completed the following month. Preliminary processing had been performed during the 1990s. Additional processing of the 2010 accrual was completed in December 2011. 2013 and 2017 accruals were processed in July 2017.","This collection contains the records of the Dr. Harvy Black Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC). Apart from the chapter's records, the collection also contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans--most noteworthy of which are the letters of Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry). Among the official chapter records are financial records, minute books, and membership applications. The collection also contains a small set of printed materials, including convention programs and proceedings, booklets, and newspaper clippings. A group of scrapbooks completes the collection.","[See also Oversize Materials]","The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:","The Capture of a Locomotive : A Brilliant Exploit of the War.Atlanta, GA: Franklin Printing, 1895.","Craig's Share in the War Between the States, 1861-1865 : A Historical Sketch.[New Castle, VA: Craig Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy, c. 1912].","Custodians of Imperishable Glory.[Atlanta, GA: Stone Mountain Confederate Monumental Association, 1925?]","Hale, Gertrude Henkle. Mary Custis Lee.[Richmond, VA?: Virginia Division, United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1936].","The History of the Home for Needy Confederate Women, 1900-1904.Richmond, VA: J. L. Hill, 1904?].","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the records of Dr. Harvy Black Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy. It contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans, as well as chapter financial records, minute books, membership records, printed materials and scrapbooks.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862/2010"],"collection_ssim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.050"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.050"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records were deposited with Special Collections in 1990, with the exception of the scrapbooks and the Elisha Epperson letters, which were deposited in 1991. Additional minute books, scrapbooks, membership applications, and chapter correspondence and business records were donated in 2010, after the chapter disbanded. More materials were received in 2013 and 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.4 Cubic Feet 7 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["4.4 Cubic Feet 7 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided among the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI. Confederate Veterans, 1862-1967. This series includes a set of letters written from Giles County, Virginia by Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry) to his wife (accompanied by portraits of the Eppersons). The series also contains a set of local applications for Southern Crosses of Honor, many of which were completed and signed by the veterans themselves. Also found here are biographical data on local veterans and information on local World War I and II soldiers who descended from Confederate veterans. This series is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eII. Chapter Financial Records, 1896-1982. In addition to two early treasurer's books, this series also contains the chapter's membership tax lists and a file on the local Confederate Memorial Fund. This series is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIII. Chapter Minutes, 1896-2009. This series contains a set of books detailing the proceedings of the chapter's meetings and is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIV. Chapter Membership Records, 1896-1981. This series contains applications for membership in the Dr. Harvy Black chapter. The membership forms include information on the applicants, their family, and their ancestors' roles in the Civil War. The series also contains a small set of forms for members who transferred from other chapters. The series is arranged by document type, then alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV. Printed Materials, 1897-1999. The Printed Materials Series contains both UDC and non-UDC publications. It includes a set of the Dr. Harvy Black chapter's yearbooks, as well as programs and proceedings for national and state UDC conventions. Among the non-UDC publications are several booklets devoted to various aspects of Civil War history. The newspaper clippings in this series contain information on UDC activities as well as historical topics, including articles on ex-Confederate immigrants to South America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVI. General Materials, 1896-2009. Comprised of a wide variety of materials, this series includes such materials as correspondence, the chapter's charter, photos of Blacksburg's Smithfield Plantation, and a commemorative ribbon from the 1905 Confederate veterans' reunion in Christiansburg, Virginia. A 1994 oral history interview with Bernice Willard is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVII. Scrapbooks, 1935-2005. The scrapbooks in this series contain such items as programs, essays and newspaper clippings on the United Daughters of the Confederacy and on Civil War history.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided among the following series:","I. Confederate Veterans, 1862-1967. This series includes a set of letters written from Giles County, Virginia by Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry) to his wife (accompanied by portraits of the Eppersons). The series also contains a set of local applications for Southern Crosses of Honor, many of which were completed and signed by the veterans themselves. Also found here are biographical data on local veterans and information on local World War I and II soldiers who descended from Confederate veterans. This series is arranged by material type.","II. Chapter Financial Records, 1896-1982. In addition to two early treasurer's books, this series also contains the chapter's membership tax lists and a file on the local Confederate Memorial Fund. This series is arranged by material type.","III. Chapter Minutes, 1896-2009. This series contains a set of books detailing the proceedings of the chapter's meetings and is arranged chronologically.","IV. Chapter Membership Records, 1896-1981. This series contains applications for membership in the Dr. Harvy Black chapter. The membership forms include information on the applicants, their family, and their ancestors' roles in the Civil War. The series also contains a small set of forms for members who transferred from other chapters. The series is arranged by document type, then alphabetically.","V. Printed Materials, 1897-1999. The Printed Materials Series contains both UDC and non-UDC publications. It includes a set of the Dr. Harvy Black chapter's yearbooks, as well as programs and proceedings for national and state UDC conventions. Among the non-UDC publications are several booklets devoted to various aspects of Civil War history. The newspaper clippings in this series contain information on UDC activities as well as historical topics, including articles on ex-Confederate immigrants to South America.","VI. General Materials, 1896-2009. Comprised of a wide variety of materials, this series includes such materials as correspondence, the chapter's charter, photos of Blacksburg's Smithfield Plantation, and a commemorative ribbon from the 1905 Confederate veterans' reunion in Christiansburg, Virginia. A 1994 oral history interview with Bernice Willard is also included.","VII. Scrapbooks, 1935-2005. The scrapbooks in this series contain such items as programs, essays and newspaper clippings on the United Daughters of the Confederacy and on Civil War history."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe United Daughters of the Confederacy was established in Nashville, Tennessee in 1894. Comprised of female descendants of Confederate Civil War veterans, the organization was formed to preserve materials and places significant to Confederate history and to provide assistance to needy families of Confederate veterans. The Blacksburg, Virginia chapter, named in honor of local resident and Fourth Virginia Infantry surgeon Harvy Black, was formed in 1896. The chapter disbanded in 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The United Daughters of the Confederacy was established in Nashville, Tennessee in 1894. Comprised of female descendants of Confederate Civil War veterans, the organization was formed to preserve materials and places significant to Confederate history and to provide assistance to needy families of Confederate veterans. The Blacksburg, Virginia chapter, named in honor of local resident and Fourth Virginia Infantry surgeon Harvy Black, was formed in 1896. The chapter disbanded in 2009."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862-2010, Ms1990-050, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862-2010, Ms1990-050, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records commenced in October 2003 and was completed the following month. Preliminary processing had been performed during the 1990s. Additional processing of the 2010 accrual was completed in December 2011. 2013 and 2017 accruals were processed in July 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records commenced in October 2003 and was completed the following month. Preliminary processing had been performed during the 1990s. Additional processing of the 2010 accrual was completed in December 2011. 2013 and 2017 accruals were processed in July 2017."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the records of the Dr. Harvy Black Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC). Apart from the chapter's records, the collection also contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans--most noteworthy of which are the letters of Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry). Among the official chapter records are financial records, minute books, and membership applications. The collection also contains a small set of printed materials, including convention programs and proceedings, booklets, and newspaper clippings. A group of scrapbooks completes the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e[See also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the records of the Dr. Harvy Black Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC). Apart from the chapter's records, the collection also contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans--most noteworthy of which are the letters of Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry). Among the official chapter records are financial records, minute books, and membership applications. The collection also contains a small set of printed materials, including convention programs and proceedings, booklets, and newspaper clippings. A group of scrapbooks completes the collection.","[See also Oversize Materials]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Capture of a Locomotive : A Brilliant Exploit of the War.\u003c/title\u003eAtlanta, GA: Franklin Printing, 1895.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCraig's Share in the War Between the States, 1861-1865 : A Historical Sketch.\u003c/title\u003e[New Castle, VA: Craig Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy, c. 1912].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCustodians of Imperishable Glory.\u003c/title\u003e[Atlanta, GA: Stone Mountain Confederate Monumental Association, 1925?]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHale, Gertrude Henkle. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMary Custis Lee.\u003c/title\u003e[Richmond, VA?: Virginia Division, United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1936].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe History of the Home for Needy Confederate Women, 1900-1904.\u003c/title\u003eRichmond, VA: J. L. Hill, 1904?].\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:","The Capture of a Locomotive : A Brilliant Exploit of the War.Atlanta, GA: Franklin Printing, 1895.","Craig's Share in the War Between the States, 1861-1865 : A Historical Sketch.[New Castle, VA: Craig Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy, c. 1912].","Custodians of Imperishable Glory.[Atlanta, GA: Stone Mountain Confederate Monumental Association, 1925?]","Hale, Gertrude Henkle. Mary Custis Lee.[Richmond, VA?: Virginia Division, United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1936].","The History of the Home for Needy Confederate Women, 1900-1904.Richmond, VA: J. L. Hill, 1904?]."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0f857594509ead96c4cade10e29e1ff6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the records of Dr. Harvy Black Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy. It contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans, as well as chapter financial records, minute books, membership records, printed materials and scrapbooks.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the records of Dr. Harvy Black Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy. It contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans, as well as chapter financial records, minute books, membership records, printed materials and scrapbooks."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":68,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:45:59.287Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1783.xml","title_filing_ssi":"United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records","title_ssm":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records"],"title_tesim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1862-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1862-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1862/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862/2010"],"text":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862/2010","Ms.1990.050","Blacksburg (Va.)","Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is divided among the following series:","I. Confederate Veterans, 1862-1967. This series includes a set of letters written from Giles County, Virginia by Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry) to his wife (accompanied by portraits of the Eppersons). The series also contains a set of local applications for Southern Crosses of Honor, many of which were completed and signed by the veterans themselves. Also found here are biographical data on local veterans and information on local World War I and II soldiers who descended from Confederate veterans. This series is arranged by material type.","II. Chapter Financial Records, 1896-1982. In addition to two early treasurer's books, this series also contains the chapter's membership tax lists and a file on the local Confederate Memorial Fund. This series is arranged by material type.","III. Chapter Minutes, 1896-2009. This series contains a set of books detailing the proceedings of the chapter's meetings and is arranged chronologically.","IV. Chapter Membership Records, 1896-1981. This series contains applications for membership in the Dr. Harvy Black chapter. The membership forms include information on the applicants, their family, and their ancestors' roles in the Civil War. The series also contains a small set of forms for members who transferred from other chapters. The series is arranged by document type, then alphabetically.","V. Printed Materials, 1897-1999. The Printed Materials Series contains both UDC and non-UDC publications. It includes a set of the Dr. Harvy Black chapter's yearbooks, as well as programs and proceedings for national and state UDC conventions. Among the non-UDC publications are several booklets devoted to various aspects of Civil War history. The newspaper clippings in this series contain information on UDC activities as well as historical topics, including articles on ex-Confederate immigrants to South America.","VI. General Materials, 1896-2009. Comprised of a wide variety of materials, this series includes such materials as correspondence, the chapter's charter, photos of Blacksburg's Smithfield Plantation, and a commemorative ribbon from the 1905 Confederate veterans' reunion in Christiansburg, Virginia. A 1994 oral history interview with Bernice Willard is also included.","VII. Scrapbooks, 1935-2005. The scrapbooks in this series contain such items as programs, essays and newspaper clippings on the United Daughters of the Confederacy and on Civil War history.","The United Daughters of the Confederacy was established in Nashville, Tennessee in 1894. Comprised of female descendants of Confederate Civil War veterans, the organization was formed to preserve materials and places significant to Confederate history and to provide assistance to needy families of Confederate veterans. The Blacksburg, Virginia chapter, named in honor of local resident and Fourth Virginia Infantry surgeon Harvy Black, was formed in 1896. The chapter disbanded in 2009.","The guide to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement and description of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records commenced in October 2003 and was completed the following month. Preliminary processing had been performed during the 1990s. Additional processing of the 2010 accrual was completed in December 2011. 2013 and 2017 accruals were processed in July 2017.","This collection contains the records of the Dr. Harvy Black Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC). Apart from the chapter's records, the collection also contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans--most noteworthy of which are the letters of Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry). Among the official chapter records are financial records, minute books, and membership applications. The collection also contains a small set of printed materials, including convention programs and proceedings, booklets, and newspaper clippings. A group of scrapbooks completes the collection.","[See also Oversize Materials]","The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:","The Capture of a Locomotive : A Brilliant Exploit of the War.Atlanta, GA: Franklin Printing, 1895.","Craig's Share in the War Between the States, 1861-1865 : A Historical Sketch.[New Castle, VA: Craig Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy, c. 1912].","Custodians of Imperishable Glory.[Atlanta, GA: Stone Mountain Confederate Monumental Association, 1925?]","Hale, Gertrude Henkle. Mary Custis Lee.[Richmond, VA?: Virginia Division, United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1936].","The History of the Home for Needy Confederate Women, 1900-1904.Richmond, VA: J. L. Hill, 1904?].","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the records of Dr. Harvy Black Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy. It contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans, as well as chapter financial records, minute books, membership records, printed materials and scrapbooks.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862/2010"],"collection_ssim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.050"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.050"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records were deposited with Special Collections in 1990, with the exception of the scrapbooks and the Elisha Epperson letters, which were deposited in 1991. Additional minute books, scrapbooks, membership applications, and chapter correspondence and business records were donated in 2010, after the chapter disbanded. More materials were received in 2013 and 2017."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","Women -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.4 Cubic Feet 7 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["4.4 Cubic Feet 7 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided among the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI. Confederate Veterans, 1862-1967. This series includes a set of letters written from Giles County, Virginia by Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry) to his wife (accompanied by portraits of the Eppersons). The series also contains a set of local applications for Southern Crosses of Honor, many of which were completed and signed by the veterans themselves. Also found here are biographical data on local veterans and information on local World War I and II soldiers who descended from Confederate veterans. This series is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eII. Chapter Financial Records, 1896-1982. In addition to two early treasurer's books, this series also contains the chapter's membership tax lists and a file on the local Confederate Memorial Fund. This series is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIII. Chapter Minutes, 1896-2009. This series contains a set of books detailing the proceedings of the chapter's meetings and is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIV. Chapter Membership Records, 1896-1981. This series contains applications for membership in the Dr. Harvy Black chapter. The membership forms include information on the applicants, their family, and their ancestors' roles in the Civil War. The series also contains a small set of forms for members who transferred from other chapters. The series is arranged by document type, then alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eV. Printed Materials, 1897-1999. The Printed Materials Series contains both UDC and non-UDC publications. It includes a set of the Dr. Harvy Black chapter's yearbooks, as well as programs and proceedings for national and state UDC conventions. Among the non-UDC publications are several booklets devoted to various aspects of Civil War history. The newspaper clippings in this series contain information on UDC activities as well as historical topics, including articles on ex-Confederate immigrants to South America.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVI. General Materials, 1896-2009. Comprised of a wide variety of materials, this series includes such materials as correspondence, the chapter's charter, photos of Blacksburg's Smithfield Plantation, and a commemorative ribbon from the 1905 Confederate veterans' reunion in Christiansburg, Virginia. A 1994 oral history interview with Bernice Willard is also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVII. Scrapbooks, 1935-2005. The scrapbooks in this series contain such items as programs, essays and newspaper clippings on the United Daughters of the Confederacy and on Civil War history.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided among the following series:","I. Confederate Veterans, 1862-1967. This series includes a set of letters written from Giles County, Virginia by Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry) to his wife (accompanied by portraits of the Eppersons). The series also contains a set of local applications for Southern Crosses of Honor, many of which were completed and signed by the veterans themselves. Also found here are biographical data on local veterans and information on local World War I and II soldiers who descended from Confederate veterans. This series is arranged by material type.","II. Chapter Financial Records, 1896-1982. In addition to two early treasurer's books, this series also contains the chapter's membership tax lists and a file on the local Confederate Memorial Fund. This series is arranged by material type.","III. Chapter Minutes, 1896-2009. This series contains a set of books detailing the proceedings of the chapter's meetings and is arranged chronologically.","IV. Chapter Membership Records, 1896-1981. This series contains applications for membership in the Dr. Harvy Black chapter. The membership forms include information on the applicants, their family, and their ancestors' roles in the Civil War. The series also contains a small set of forms for members who transferred from other chapters. The series is arranged by document type, then alphabetically.","V. Printed Materials, 1897-1999. The Printed Materials Series contains both UDC and non-UDC publications. It includes a set of the Dr. Harvy Black chapter's yearbooks, as well as programs and proceedings for national and state UDC conventions. Among the non-UDC publications are several booklets devoted to various aspects of Civil War history. The newspaper clippings in this series contain information on UDC activities as well as historical topics, including articles on ex-Confederate immigrants to South America.","VI. General Materials, 1896-2009. Comprised of a wide variety of materials, this series includes such materials as correspondence, the chapter's charter, photos of Blacksburg's Smithfield Plantation, and a commemorative ribbon from the 1905 Confederate veterans' reunion in Christiansburg, Virginia. A 1994 oral history interview with Bernice Willard is also included.","VII. Scrapbooks, 1935-2005. The scrapbooks in this series contain such items as programs, essays and newspaper clippings on the United Daughters of the Confederacy and on Civil War history."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe United Daughters of the Confederacy was established in Nashville, Tennessee in 1894. Comprised of female descendants of Confederate Civil War veterans, the organization was formed to preserve materials and places significant to Confederate history and to provide assistance to needy families of Confederate veterans. The Blacksburg, Virginia chapter, named in honor of local resident and Fourth Virginia Infantry surgeon Harvy Black, was formed in 1896. The chapter disbanded in 2009.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The United Daughters of the Confederacy was established in Nashville, Tennessee in 1894. Comprised of female descendants of Confederate Civil War veterans, the organization was formed to preserve materials and places significant to Confederate history and to provide assistance to needy families of Confederate veterans. The Blacksburg, Virginia chapter, named in honor of local resident and Fourth Virginia Infantry surgeon Harvy Black, was formed in 1896. The chapter disbanded in 2009."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862-2010, Ms1990-050, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records, 1862-2010, Ms1990-050, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records commenced in October 2003 and was completed the following month. Preliminary processing had been performed during the 1990s. Additional processing of the 2010 accrual was completed in December 2011. 2013 and 2017 accruals were processed in July 2017.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, Dr. Harvy Black Chapter Records commenced in October 2003 and was completed the following month. Preliminary processing had been performed during the 1990s. Additional processing of the 2010 accrual was completed in December 2011. 2013 and 2017 accruals were processed in July 2017."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the records of the Dr. Harvy Black Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC). Apart from the chapter's records, the collection also contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans--most noteworthy of which are the letters of Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry). Among the official chapter records are financial records, minute books, and membership applications. The collection also contains a small set of printed materials, including convention programs and proceedings, booklets, and newspaper clippings. A group of scrapbooks completes the collection.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003e[See also Oversize Materials]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the records of the Dr. Harvy Black Chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC). Apart from the chapter's records, the collection also contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans--most noteworthy of which are the letters of Elisha Epperson (67th Virginia Infantry). Among the official chapter records are financial records, minute books, and membership applications. The collection also contains a small set of printed materials, including convention programs and proceedings, booklets, and newspaper clippings. A group of scrapbooks completes the collection.","[See also Oversize Materials]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Capture of a Locomotive : A Brilliant Exploit of the War.\u003c/title\u003eAtlanta, GA: Franklin Printing, 1895.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCraig's Share in the War Between the States, 1861-1865 : A Historical Sketch.\u003c/title\u003e[New Castle, VA: Craig Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy, c. 1912].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCustodians of Imperishable Glory.\u003c/title\u003e[Atlanta, GA: Stone Mountain Confederate Monumental Association, 1925?]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHale, Gertrude Henkle. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMary Custis Lee.\u003c/title\u003e[Richmond, VA?: Virginia Division, United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1936].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe History of the Home for Needy Confederate Women, 1900-1904.\u003c/title\u003eRichmond, VA: J. L. Hill, 1904?].\u003c/p\u003e  "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items were transferred to the Rare Book Collection:","The Capture of a Locomotive : A Brilliant Exploit of the War.Atlanta, GA: Franklin Printing, 1895.","Craig's Share in the War Between the States, 1861-1865 : A Historical Sketch.[New Castle, VA: Craig Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy, c. 1912].","Custodians of Imperishable Glory.[Atlanta, GA: Stone Mountain Confederate Monumental Association, 1925?]","Hale, Gertrude Henkle. Mary Custis Lee.[Richmond, VA?: Virginia Division, United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1936].","The History of the Home for Needy Confederate Women, 1900-1904.Richmond, VA: J. L. Hill, 1904?]."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0f857594509ead96c4cade10e29e1ff6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the records of Dr. Harvy Black Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy. It contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans, as well as chapter financial records, minute books, membership records, printed materials and scrapbooks.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the records of Dr. Harvy Black Chapter, United Daughters of the Confederacy. It contains files devoted to local Confederate veterans, as well as chapter financial records, minute books, membership records, printed materials and scrapbooks."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","United Daughters of the Confederacy. Dr. Harvy Black Chapter (1896-2009) (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":68,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:45:59.287Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1783"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, 2007/2010","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university in the wake of April 16, 2007 in which 32 faculty and students were killed. The subseries organization is by type of item. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007. There also is a very small series with items specifically sent to or relating to those killed, which is organized alphabetically by name.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2341.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries","title_ssm":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries"],"unitdate_ssm":["2007-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2007-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2007/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, 2007/2010"],"text":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, 2007/2010","Ms.2008.020","/repositories/2/resources/2341","Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)","April 16, 2007 shootings","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Virginia Tech Shootings, Blacksburg, Va., 2007","The collection is open for research.","Over 7,000 digital images of selected items in this collection are available through the online Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries at VTechWorks. Some items in the digital Condolence Archives do not have a physical representation.","There are also two digital exhibits online, Unknown Origin: Anonymous gifts in the April 16, 2007 Condolence Archives and Communities of Caring: Community expressions of support in response to the events of April 16, 2007.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged in the following series:","Series I. Condolence Materials, 2007-2010. This series was arranged in 12 subseries. The items were arranged according to the person or organization who donated the materials. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically.","Subseries 1. Banners, pp. 1-62.","This subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.","Subseries 2. Posters, pp. 63-92.","This subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.","Subseries 3. Books of Condolences, pp. 93-113.","This subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.","Other books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.","Subseries 4. Sound Materials: Audio CD, Sound Cassettes, Sheet Music, and Song Lyrics, pp. 114-125.","This subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 5. Videos, DVDs, CDs, and Slideshows, pp. 126-133.","This subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 6. Correspondence, pp. 134-292.","Following the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.","In general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.","Subseries 7. Photographs and Digital Images, pp. 293-328.","This subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 8. Textiles, Memorabilia, Artwork, and Handcrafted Items, pp. 329-381.","This subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.","Subseries 9. Poetry, pp. 382-412.","This subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.","This subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.","Subseries 10. Resolutions, Proclamations, Declarations, Bills, and Other Legislation, pp. 413-422.","This subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.","Resolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.","Subseries 11. Books, pp. 423-425.","This subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation.","Books were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 12. Sample Collection of Materials Received by Individual Families of Victims, pp. 426-431.","This subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.","The subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.","Series II. Individual Series, pp. 432-433.","This very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.","The series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.","Please note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.","On the morning of April 16, 2007, Seung-Hui Cho shot and killed two students in West Ambler Johnston Residence Hall. About two hours later, Cho proceeded to Norris Hall, a building on the other side of the campus. When in Norris Hall he shot and killed five professors and 25 students, and injured over two dozen others, before turning the gun on himself.","The night of April 16, 2007, Hokies United, a student-organized response group, set up a memorial shrine with a semicircle of stones on the Drillfield in front of Burruss Hall, the university's administration building. The next day students placed large plywood boards, painted white, on the Drillfield for people to sign and leave expressions of grief, support, etc. Other spontaneous shrines appeared on campus and in the community.","The events of April 16, 2007, received intense media coverage, and people around the world responded. Virginia Tech received over 90,000 condolence items from all 50 states and 80 countries. These items included banners, posters, books of condolences, sound materials, various media materials, poetry, correspondence, resolutions, textiles, memorabilia, ephemera, and handcrafted items. Thousands of these items were displayed for the university community through University Unions and Student Activities' Squires Student Union.","Items continued to be received for months and years afterwards, and families of those killed were offered the option of receiving many materials directly related to their loved ones from the Office of Recovery and Support, or having them placed in storage for later retrieval.","We continue to remember the 32 victims:","Ross A. Alameddine","Christopher James Bishop","Brian R. Bluhm","Ryan Christopher Clark","Austin Michelle Cloyd","Jocelyne Couture-Nowak","Daniel Alejandro Perez Cueva","Kevin P. Granata","Matthew Gregory Gwaltney","Caitlin Millar Hammaren","Jeremy Michael Herbstritt","Rachael Elizabeth Hill","Emily Jane Hilscher","Jarrett Lee Lane","Matthew Joseph La Porte","Henry J. Lee","Liviu Librescu","G.V. Loganathan","Partahi Mamora Halomoan Lumbantoruan","Lauren Ashley McCain","Daniel Patrick O'Neil","Juan Ramon Ortiz-Ortiz","Minal Hiralal Panchal","Erin Nicole Peterson","Michael Steven Pohle, Jr.","Julia Kathleen Pryde","Mary Karen Read","Reema Joseph Samaha","Waleed Mohamed Shaalan","Leslie Geraldine Sherman","Maxine Shelly Turner","Nicole Regina White","The guide to the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries commenced in July 2007 and was completed in summer 2010. Processing began at Virginia Tech's Corporate Research Center (CRC). In September of 2008, the collection moved to Newman Library, Special Collections.","Initial processing involved entering metadata about materials in lots. A lot might contain one item, for example, a quilt, or 32,000 items, such as a gift of origami cranes. After being photographed, selected items were arranged, described and housed in archival containers. Thus, there is a digital collection and a physical collection; both contain selected items, some of which are represented in only one of these collections. Close to 7,000 lots of items were accessioned.","Note: The names of the victims are given in their complete form in the finding aid even though they may be represented on the actual items in a much more informal way. Recognizing names was sometimes difficult.","Since there were two Daniels--Daniel Perez Cueva and Daniel Patrick O'Neil--and two Matthews--Matthew Gregory Gwaltney and Matthew Joseph La Porte--it sometimes was not clear which person was intended; therefore abbreviated names were included as they were written. An effort was made to record any instances in which a specific name appeared on an item. An effort was also made to record social commentary as it appeared on items.","Digital items from the collection are available online at the  Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries.","The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.","Other Virginia Tech resources, as well as several state and federal government resources, are available through the Scholarly Communication \"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Archives of the University Libraries\" webpage.","The Library of Virginia in Richmond maintains the Records of the Virginia Tech Review Panel. Accession 51144.","Special Collections and University Archives also has the April 16, 2007 Community Photograph Collection, M2013-022 and Marching Virginians' April 16, 2007 Condolence Collection, Ms2013-084.","The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university following the events of April 16, 2007. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007.","The collection is arranged using standard archival procedures. Due to the unique nature of this collection (i.e., the way it was received, the variety of formats, and the content), archivists developed specialized arrangement and description procedures. Since the collection and its contents are unique, the arrangement and description of individual series and subseries may differ.","The collection contains two series, Series I: Condolence Series and Series II: Individual Collections. Series I: Condolence Material includes twelve subseries, described in the \"Arrangement\" note below. Series II: Individual Collections has no subseries.","The contents list of each series or subseries is available as an individual pdf file. Click on the link below\nfor the subseries to view, search, and/or save the pdf.","The entire contents list of both series, including all subseries, is available as a single, 436-page pdf here.","This subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.","This subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.","This subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.","Other books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.","This subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Following the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.","In general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.","This subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.","This subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.","This subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.","This subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.","Resolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.","This subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation.","Books were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.","The subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.","This very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.","The series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.","Please note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.","Special Collections and University Archives does not own copyright to all materials in the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university in the wake of April 16, 2007 in which 32 faculty and students were killed. The subseries organization is by type of item. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007. There also is a very small series with items specifically sent to or relating to those killed, which is organized alphabetically by name.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","The collection is primarily in English. Additional materials are in other languages, including Korean, Chinese, Hebrew, and Arabic."],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, 2007/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, 2007/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.020","/repositories/2/resources/2341"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.020","/repositories/2/resources/2341"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Special Collections and University Archives does not own copyright to all materials in the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries contains a selection of artifacts sent to the university between April 16, 2007 and June 2010. The material arrived in many thousands of separate accruals. The bulk of the collection was received in the first few months after April 16, 2007."],"access_subjects_ssim":["April 16, 2007 shootings","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Virginia Tech Shootings, Blacksburg, Va., 2007"],"access_subjects_ssm":["April 16, 2007 shootings","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Virginia Tech Shootings, Blacksburg, Va., 2007"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 500 Cubic Feet 518 boxes, 17 map case drawers, and standing racks"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 500 Cubic Feet 518 boxes, 17 map case drawers, and standing racks"],"date_range_isim":[2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOver 7,000 digital images of selected items in this collection are available through the \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/11385\" show=\"new\" title=\"online Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries at VTechWorks\"\u003eonline Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries at VTechWorks\u003c/a\u003e. Some items in the digital Condolence Archives do not have a physical representation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also two digital exhibits online, \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/unknown-origin-april16/\" show=\"new\" title=\"Unknown Origin: Anonymous gifts in the April 16, 2007 Condolence Archives\"\u003eUnknown Origin: Anonymous gifts in the April 16, 2007 Condolence Archives\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/april16/\" show=\"new\" title=\"Communities of Caring: Community expressions of support in response to the events of April 16, 2007\"\u003eCommunities of Caring: Community expressions of support in response to the events of April 16, 2007\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/149\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Over 7,000 digital images of selected items in this collection are available through the online Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries at VTechWorks. Some items in the digital Condolence Archives do not have a physical representation.","There are also two digital exhibits online, Unknown Origin: Anonymous gifts in the April 16, 2007 Condolence Archives and Communities of Caring: Community expressions of support in response to the events of April 16, 2007.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I. Condolence Materials, 2007-2010\u003c/emph\u003e. This series was arranged in 12 subseries. The items were arranged according to the person or organization who donated the materials. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 1. Banners, pp. 1-62.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 2. Posters, pp. 63-92.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 3. Books of Condolences, pp. 93-113.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 4. Sound Materials: Audio CD, Sound Cassettes, Sheet Music, and Song Lyrics, pp. 114-125.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 5. Videos, DVDs, CDs, and Slideshows, pp. 126-133.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 6. Correspondence, pp. 134-292.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 7. Photographs and Digital Images, pp. 293-328.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 8. Textiles, Memorabilia, Artwork, and Handcrafted Items, pp. 329-381.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 9. Poetry, pp. 382-412.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 10. Resolutions, Proclamations, Declarations, Bills, and Other Legislation, pp. 413-422.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 11. Books, pp. 423-425.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooks were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 12. Sample Collection of Materials Received by Individual Families of Victims, pp. 426-431.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II. Individual Series, pp. 432-433.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDOES NOT\u003c/emph\u003e contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in the following series:","Series I. Condolence Materials, 2007-2010. This series was arranged in 12 subseries. The items were arranged according to the person or organization who donated the materials. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically.","Subseries 1. Banners, pp. 1-62.","This subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.","Subseries 2. Posters, pp. 63-92.","This subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.","Subseries 3. Books of Condolences, pp. 93-113.","This subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.","Other books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.","Subseries 4. Sound Materials: Audio CD, Sound Cassettes, Sheet Music, and Song Lyrics, pp. 114-125.","This subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 5. Videos, DVDs, CDs, and Slideshows, pp. 126-133.","This subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 6. Correspondence, pp. 134-292.","Following the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.","In general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.","Subseries 7. Photographs and Digital Images, pp. 293-328.","This subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 8. Textiles, Memorabilia, Artwork, and Handcrafted Items, pp. 329-381.","This subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.","Subseries 9. Poetry, pp. 382-412.","This subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.","This subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.","Subseries 10. Resolutions, Proclamations, Declarations, Bills, and Other Legislation, pp. 413-422.","This subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.","Resolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.","Subseries 11. Books, pp. 423-425.","This subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation.","Books were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 12. Sample Collection of Materials Received by Individual Families of Victims, pp. 426-431.","This subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.","The subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.","Series II. Individual Series, pp. 432-433.","This very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.","The series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.","Please note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn the morning of April 16, 2007, Seung-Hui Cho shot and killed two students in West Ambler Johnston Residence Hall. About two hours later, Cho proceeded to Norris Hall, a building on the other side of the campus. When in Norris Hall he shot and killed five professors and 25 students, and injured over two dozen others, before turning the gun on himself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe night of April 16, 2007, Hokies United, a student-organized response group, set up a memorial shrine with a semicircle of stones on the Drillfield in front of Burruss Hall, the university's administration building. The next day students placed large plywood boards, painted white, on the Drillfield for people to sign and leave expressions of grief, support, etc. Other spontaneous shrines appeared on campus and in the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe events of April 16, 2007, received intense media coverage, and people around the world responded. Virginia Tech received over 90,000 condolence items from all 50 states and 80 countries. These items included banners, posters, books of condolences, sound materials, various media materials, poetry, correspondence, resolutions, textiles, memorabilia, ephemera, and handcrafted items. Thousands of these items were displayed for the university community through University Unions and Student Activities' Squires Student Union.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems continued to be received for months and years afterwards, and families of those killed were offered the option of receiving many materials directly related to their loved ones from the Office of Recovery and Support, or having them placed in storage for later retrieval.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe continue to remember the 32 victims:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoss A. Alameddine \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChristopher James Bishop \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrian R. Bluhm\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRyan Christopher Clark \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAustin Michelle Cloyd \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJocelyne Couture-Nowak \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Alejandro Perez Cueva\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKevin P. Granata \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Gregory Gwaltney \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaitlin Millar Hammaren \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJeremy Michael Herbstritt\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachael Elizabeth Hill \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmily Jane Hilscher \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJarrett Lee Lane \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Joseph La Porte \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenry J. Lee \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLiviu Librescu \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eG.V. Loganathan \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePartahi Mamora Halomoan Lumbantoruan \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLauren Ashley McCain \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Patrick O'Neil \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuan Ramon Ortiz-Ortiz \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMinal Hiralal Panchal \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eErin Nicole Peterson \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Steven Pohle, Jr. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulia Kathleen Pryde \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Karen Read \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReema Joseph Samaha \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWaleed Mohamed Shaalan \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeslie Geraldine Sherman \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaxine Shelly Turner \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicole Regina White\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["On the morning of April 16, 2007, Seung-Hui Cho shot and killed two students in West Ambler Johnston Residence Hall. About two hours later, Cho proceeded to Norris Hall, a building on the other side of the campus. When in Norris Hall he shot and killed five professors and 25 students, and injured over two dozen others, before turning the gun on himself.","The night of April 16, 2007, Hokies United, a student-organized response group, set up a memorial shrine with a semicircle of stones on the Drillfield in front of Burruss Hall, the university's administration building. The next day students placed large plywood boards, painted white, on the Drillfield for people to sign and leave expressions of grief, support, etc. Other spontaneous shrines appeared on campus and in the community.","The events of April 16, 2007, received intense media coverage, and people around the world responded. Virginia Tech received over 90,000 condolence items from all 50 states and 80 countries. These items included banners, posters, books of condolences, sound materials, various media materials, poetry, correspondence, resolutions, textiles, memorabilia, ephemera, and handcrafted items. Thousands of these items were displayed for the university community through University Unions and Student Activities' Squires Student Union.","Items continued to be received for months and years afterwards, and families of those killed were offered the option of receiving many materials directly related to their loved ones from the Office of Recovery and Support, or having them placed in storage for later retrieval.","We continue to remember the 32 victims:","Ross A. Alameddine","Christopher James Bishop","Brian R. Bluhm","Ryan Christopher Clark","Austin Michelle Cloyd","Jocelyne Couture-Nowak","Daniel Alejandro Perez Cueva","Kevin P. Granata","Matthew Gregory Gwaltney","Caitlin Millar Hammaren","Jeremy Michael Herbstritt","Rachael Elizabeth Hill","Emily Jane Hilscher","Jarrett Lee Lane","Matthew Joseph La Porte","Henry J. Lee","Liviu Librescu","G.V. Loganathan","Partahi Mamora Halomoan Lumbantoruan","Lauren Ashley McCain","Daniel Patrick O'Neil","Juan Ramon Ortiz-Ortiz","Minal Hiralal Panchal","Erin Nicole Peterson","Michael Steven Pohle, Jr.","Julia Kathleen Pryde","Mary Karen Read","Reema Joseph Samaha","Waleed Mohamed Shaalan","Leslie Geraldine Sherman","Maxine Shelly Turner","Nicole Regina White"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire contents list of both series, including all subseries, is available as a \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" title=\"here\" href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9Qif8v2alvtSmFJTWx0cHJVQWM/view?usp=sharing\u0026amp;resourcekey=0-cnIqOWbYDwIGewudJtdhFQ\"\u003esingle, 436-page pdf\u003c/extref\u003e. The page numbers for each series and subseries are listed below.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe contents list of each series or subseries is available as an individual pdf file. Click on the link of the titles in the contents list for the subseries to view, search, and/or save the pdf.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aids"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["The entire contents list of both series, including all subseries, is available as a single, 436-page pdf. The page numbers for each series and subseries are listed below.","The contents list of each series or subseries is available as an individual pdf file. Click on the link of the titles in the contents list for the subseries to view, search, and/or save the pdf."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, Ms2008-020, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, Ms2008-020, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries commenced in July 2007 and was completed in summer 2010. Processing began at Virginia Tech's Corporate Research Center (CRC). In September of 2008, the collection moved to Newman Library, Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInitial processing involved entering metadata about materials in lots. A lot might contain one item, for example, a quilt, or 32,000 items, such as a gift of origami cranes. After being photographed, selected items were arranged, described and housed in archival containers. Thus, there is a digital collection and a physical collection; both contain selected items, some of which are represented in only one of these collections. Close to 7,000 lots of items were accessioned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eNote:\u003c/emph\u003e The names of the victims are given in their complete form in the finding aid even though they may be represented on the actual items in a much more informal way. Recognizing names was sometimes difficult. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince there were two Daniels--Daniel Perez Cueva and Daniel Patrick O'Neil--and two Matthews--Matthew Gregory Gwaltney and Matthew Joseph La Porte--it sometimes was not clear which person was intended; therefore abbreviated names were included as they were written. An effort was made to record any instances in which a specific name appeared on an item. An effort was also made to record social commentary as it appeared on items.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries commenced in July 2007 and was completed in summer 2010. Processing began at Virginia Tech's Corporate Research Center (CRC). In September of 2008, the collection moved to Newman Library, Special Collections.","Initial processing involved entering metadata about materials in lots. A lot might contain one item, for example, a quilt, or 32,000 items, such as a gift of origami cranes. After being photographed, selected items were arranged, described and housed in archival containers. Thus, there is a digital collection and a physical collection; both contain selected items, some of which are represented in only one of these collections. Close to 7,000 lots of items were accessioned.","Note: The names of the victims are given in their complete form in the finding aid even though they may be represented on the actual items in a much more informal way. Recognizing names was sometimes difficult.","Since there were two Daniels--Daniel Perez Cueva and Daniel Patrick O'Neil--and two Matthews--Matthew Gregory Gwaltney and Matthew Joseph La Porte--it sometimes was not clear which person was intended; therefore abbreviated names were included as they were written. An effort was made to record any instances in which a specific name appeared on an item. An effort was also made to record social commentary as it appeared on items."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital items from the collection are available online at the  \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/11385\" show=\"new\" title=\"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries\"\u003eVirginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther Virginia Tech resources, as well as several state and federal government resources, are available through the \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"https://scholar.lib.vt.edu/prevail/index.html\" show=\"new\" title=\"Scholarly Communication Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Archives of the University Libraries webpage\"\u003eScholarly Communication \"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Archives of the University Libraries\" webpage\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Library of Virginia in Richmond maintains the \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi00999.xml\" title=\"Records of the Virginia Tech Review Panel. Accession 51144. State Records Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia\"\u003eRecords of the Virginia Tech Review Panel. Accession 51144\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and University Archives also has the \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2862.oai_ead.xml\" title=\"April 16, 2007 Community Photograph Collection, M2013-022\"\u003eApril 16, 2007 Community Photograph Collection, M2013-022\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2924.oai_ead.xml\" title=\"Marching Virginians' April 16, 2007 Condolence Collection, Ms2013-084\"\u003eMarching Virginians' April 16, 2007 Condolence Collection, Ms2013-084\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Digital items from the collection are available online at the  Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries.","The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.","Other Virginia Tech resources, as well as several state and federal government resources, are available through the Scholarly Communication \"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Archives of the University Libraries\" webpage.","The Library of Virginia in Richmond maintains the Records of the Virginia Tech Review Panel. Accession 51144.","Special Collections and University Archives also has the April 16, 2007 Community Photograph Collection, M2013-022 and Marching Virginians' April 16, 2007 Condolence Collection, Ms2013-084."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university following the events of April 16, 2007. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged using standard archival procedures. Due to the unique nature of this collection (i.e., the way it was received, the variety of formats, and the content), archivists developed specialized arrangement and description procedures. Since the collection and its contents are unique, the arrangement and description of individual series and subseries may differ.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains two series, Series I: Condolence Series and Series II: Individual Collections. Series I: Condolence Material includes twelve subseries, described in the \"Arrangement\" note below. Series II: Individual Collections has no subseries.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe contents list of each series or subseries is available as an individual pdf file. Click on the link below\nfor the subseries to view, search, and/or save the pdf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe entire contents list of both series, including all subseries, is available as a single, 436-page pdf \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9Qif8v2alvtSmFJTWx0cHJVQWM/view?resourcekey=0-cnIqOWbYDwIGewudJtdhFQ\" show=\"new\" title=\"here\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooks were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university following the events of April 16, 2007. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007.","The collection is arranged using standard archival procedures. Due to the unique nature of this collection (i.e., the way it was received, the variety of formats, and the content), archivists developed specialized arrangement and description procedures. Since the collection and its contents are unique, the arrangement and description of individual series and subseries may differ.","The collection contains two series, Series I: Condolence Series and Series II: Individual Collections. Series I: Condolence Material includes twelve subseries, described in the \"Arrangement\" note below. Series II: Individual Collections has no subseries.","The contents list of each series or subseries is available as an individual pdf file. Click on the link below\nfor the subseries to view, search, and/or save the pdf.","The entire contents list of both series, including all subseries, is available as a single, 436-page pdf here.","This subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.","This subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.","This subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.","Other books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.","This subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Following the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.","In general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.","This subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.","This subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.","This subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.","This subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.","Resolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.","This subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation.","Books were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.","The subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.","This very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.","The series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.","Please note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and University Archives does not own copyright to all materials in the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Special Collections and University Archives does not own copyright to all materials in the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e19b106c81f8b4dc0bef5e5745f9f5ee\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university in the wake of April 16, 2007 in which 32 faculty and students were killed. The subseries organization is by type of item. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007. There also is a very small series with items specifically sent to or relating to those killed, which is organized alphabetically by name.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university in the wake of April 16, 2007 in which 32 faculty and students were killed. The subseries organization is by type of item. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007. There also is a very small series with items specifically sent to or relating to those killed, which is organized alphabetically by name."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"language_ssim":["The collection is primarily in English. Additional materials are in other languages, including Korean, Chinese, Hebrew, and Arabic."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:47:23.643Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2341.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries","title_ssm":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries"],"unitdate_ssm":["2007-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["2007-2010"],"normalized_date_ssm":["2007/2010"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, 2007/2010"],"text":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, 2007/2010","Ms.2008.020","/repositories/2/resources/2341","Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)","April 16, 2007 shootings","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Virginia Tech Shootings, Blacksburg, Va., 2007","The collection is open for research.","Over 7,000 digital images of selected items in this collection are available through the online Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries at VTechWorks. Some items in the digital Condolence Archives do not have a physical representation.","There are also two digital exhibits online, Unknown Origin: Anonymous gifts in the April 16, 2007 Condolence Archives and Communities of Caring: Community expressions of support in response to the events of April 16, 2007.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is arranged in the following series:","Series I. Condolence Materials, 2007-2010. This series was arranged in 12 subseries. The items were arranged according to the person or organization who donated the materials. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically.","Subseries 1. Banners, pp. 1-62.","This subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.","Subseries 2. Posters, pp. 63-92.","This subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.","Subseries 3. Books of Condolences, pp. 93-113.","This subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.","Other books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.","Subseries 4. Sound Materials: Audio CD, Sound Cassettes, Sheet Music, and Song Lyrics, pp. 114-125.","This subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 5. Videos, DVDs, CDs, and Slideshows, pp. 126-133.","This subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 6. Correspondence, pp. 134-292.","Following the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.","In general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.","Subseries 7. Photographs and Digital Images, pp. 293-328.","This subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 8. Textiles, Memorabilia, Artwork, and Handcrafted Items, pp. 329-381.","This subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.","Subseries 9. Poetry, pp. 382-412.","This subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.","This subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.","Subseries 10. Resolutions, Proclamations, Declarations, Bills, and Other Legislation, pp. 413-422.","This subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.","Resolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.","Subseries 11. Books, pp. 423-425.","This subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation.","Books were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 12. Sample Collection of Materials Received by Individual Families of Victims, pp. 426-431.","This subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.","The subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.","Series II. Individual Series, pp. 432-433.","This very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.","The series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.","Please note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.","On the morning of April 16, 2007, Seung-Hui Cho shot and killed two students in West Ambler Johnston Residence Hall. About two hours later, Cho proceeded to Norris Hall, a building on the other side of the campus. When in Norris Hall he shot and killed five professors and 25 students, and injured over two dozen others, before turning the gun on himself.","The night of April 16, 2007, Hokies United, a student-organized response group, set up a memorial shrine with a semicircle of stones on the Drillfield in front of Burruss Hall, the university's administration building. The next day students placed large plywood boards, painted white, on the Drillfield for people to sign and leave expressions of grief, support, etc. Other spontaneous shrines appeared on campus and in the community.","The events of April 16, 2007, received intense media coverage, and people around the world responded. Virginia Tech received over 90,000 condolence items from all 50 states and 80 countries. These items included banners, posters, books of condolences, sound materials, various media materials, poetry, correspondence, resolutions, textiles, memorabilia, ephemera, and handcrafted items. Thousands of these items were displayed for the university community through University Unions and Student Activities' Squires Student Union.","Items continued to be received for months and years afterwards, and families of those killed were offered the option of receiving many materials directly related to their loved ones from the Office of Recovery and Support, or having them placed in storage for later retrieval.","We continue to remember the 32 victims:","Ross A. Alameddine","Christopher James Bishop","Brian R. Bluhm","Ryan Christopher Clark","Austin Michelle Cloyd","Jocelyne Couture-Nowak","Daniel Alejandro Perez Cueva","Kevin P. Granata","Matthew Gregory Gwaltney","Caitlin Millar Hammaren","Jeremy Michael Herbstritt","Rachael Elizabeth Hill","Emily Jane Hilscher","Jarrett Lee Lane","Matthew Joseph La Porte","Henry J. Lee","Liviu Librescu","G.V. Loganathan","Partahi Mamora Halomoan Lumbantoruan","Lauren Ashley McCain","Daniel Patrick O'Neil","Juan Ramon Ortiz-Ortiz","Minal Hiralal Panchal","Erin Nicole Peterson","Michael Steven Pohle, Jr.","Julia Kathleen Pryde","Mary Karen Read","Reema Joseph Samaha","Waleed Mohamed Shaalan","Leslie Geraldine Sherman","Maxine Shelly Turner","Nicole Regina White","The guide to the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries commenced in July 2007 and was completed in summer 2010. Processing began at Virginia Tech's Corporate Research Center (CRC). In September of 2008, the collection moved to Newman Library, Special Collections.","Initial processing involved entering metadata about materials in lots. A lot might contain one item, for example, a quilt, or 32,000 items, such as a gift of origami cranes. After being photographed, selected items were arranged, described and housed in archival containers. Thus, there is a digital collection and a physical collection; both contain selected items, some of which are represented in only one of these collections. Close to 7,000 lots of items were accessioned.","Note: The names of the victims are given in their complete form in the finding aid even though they may be represented on the actual items in a much more informal way. Recognizing names was sometimes difficult.","Since there were two Daniels--Daniel Perez Cueva and Daniel Patrick O'Neil--and two Matthews--Matthew Gregory Gwaltney and Matthew Joseph La Porte--it sometimes was not clear which person was intended; therefore abbreviated names were included as they were written. An effort was made to record any instances in which a specific name appeared on an item. An effort was also made to record social commentary as it appeared on items.","Digital items from the collection are available online at the  Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries.","The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.","Other Virginia Tech resources, as well as several state and federal government resources, are available through the Scholarly Communication \"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Archives of the University Libraries\" webpage.","The Library of Virginia in Richmond maintains the Records of the Virginia Tech Review Panel. Accession 51144.","Special Collections and University Archives also has the April 16, 2007 Community Photograph Collection, M2013-022 and Marching Virginians' April 16, 2007 Condolence Collection, Ms2013-084.","The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university following the events of April 16, 2007. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007.","The collection is arranged using standard archival procedures. Due to the unique nature of this collection (i.e., the way it was received, the variety of formats, and the content), archivists developed specialized arrangement and description procedures. Since the collection and its contents are unique, the arrangement and description of individual series and subseries may differ.","The collection contains two series, Series I: Condolence Series and Series II: Individual Collections. Series I: Condolence Material includes twelve subseries, described in the \"Arrangement\" note below. Series II: Individual Collections has no subseries.","The contents list of each series or subseries is available as an individual pdf file. Click on the link below\nfor the subseries to view, search, and/or save the pdf.","The entire contents list of both series, including all subseries, is available as a single, 436-page pdf here.","This subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.","This subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.","This subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.","Other books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.","This subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Following the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.","In general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.","This subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.","This subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.","This subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.","This subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.","Resolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.","This subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation.","Books were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.","The subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.","This very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.","The series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.","Please note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.","Special Collections and University Archives does not own copyright to all materials in the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university in the wake of April 16, 2007 in which 32 faculty and students were killed. The subseries organization is by type of item. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007. There also is a very small series with items specifically sent to or relating to those killed, which is organized alphabetically by name.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","The collection is primarily in English. Additional materials are in other languages, including Korean, Chinese, Hebrew, and Arabic."],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, 2007/2010"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, 2007/2010"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2008.020","/repositories/2/resources/2341"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2008.020","/repositories/2/resources/2341"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Special Collections and University Archives does not own copyright to all materials in the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries contains a selection of artifacts sent to the university between April 16, 2007 and June 2010. The material arrived in many thousands of separate accruals. The bulk of the collection was received in the first few months after April 16, 2007."],"access_subjects_ssim":["April 16, 2007 shootings","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Virginia Tech Shootings, Blacksburg, Va., 2007"],"access_subjects_ssm":["April 16, 2007 shootings","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Virginia Tech Shootings, Blacksburg, Va., 2007"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["ca. 500 Cubic Feet 518 boxes, 17 map case drawers, and standing racks"],"extent_tesim":["ca. 500 Cubic Feet 518 boxes, 17 map case drawers, and standing racks"],"date_range_isim":[2007,2008,2009,2010],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOver 7,000 digital images of selected items in this collection are available through the \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/11385\" show=\"new\" title=\"online Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries at VTechWorks\"\u003eonline Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries at VTechWorks\u003c/a\u003e. Some items in the digital Condolence Archives do not have a physical representation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are also two digital exhibits online, \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/unknown-origin-april16/\" show=\"new\" title=\"Unknown Origin: Anonymous gifts in the April 16, 2007 Condolence Archives\"\u003eUnknown Origin: Anonymous gifts in the April 16, 2007 Condolence Archives\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/april16/\" show=\"new\" title=\"Communities of Caring: Community expressions of support in response to the events of April 16, 2007\"\u003eCommunities of Caring: Community expressions of support in response to the events of April 16, 2007\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/149\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Over 7,000 digital images of selected items in this collection are available through the online Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries at VTechWorks. Some items in the digital Condolence Archives do not have a physical representation.","There are also two digital exhibits online, Unknown Origin: Anonymous gifts in the April 16, 2007 Condolence Archives and Communities of Caring: Community expressions of support in response to the events of April 16, 2007.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in the following series:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I. Condolence Materials, 2007-2010\u003c/emph\u003e. This series was arranged in 12 subseries. The items were arranged according to the person or organization who donated the materials. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 1. Banners, pp. 1-62.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 2. Posters, pp. 63-92.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 3. Books of Condolences, pp. 93-113.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 4. Sound Materials: Audio CD, Sound Cassettes, Sheet Music, and Song Lyrics, pp. 114-125.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 5. Videos, DVDs, CDs, and Slideshows, pp. 126-133.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 6. Correspondence, pp. 134-292.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 7. Photographs and Digital Images, pp. 293-328.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 8. Textiles, Memorabilia, Artwork, and Handcrafted Items, pp. 329-381.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 9. Poetry, pp. 382-412.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 10. Resolutions, Proclamations, Declarations, Bills, and Other Legislation, pp. 413-422.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 11. Books, pp. 423-425.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooks were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSubseries 12. Sample Collection of Materials Received by Individual Families of Victims, pp. 426-431.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II. Individual Series, pp. 432-433.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDOES NOT\u003c/emph\u003e contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in the following series:","Series I. Condolence Materials, 2007-2010. This series was arranged in 12 subseries. The items were arranged according to the person or organization who donated the materials. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically.","Subseries 1. Banners, pp. 1-62.","This subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.","Subseries 2. Posters, pp. 63-92.","This subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.","Subseries 3. Books of Condolences, pp. 93-113.","This subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.","Other books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.","Subseries 4. Sound Materials: Audio CD, Sound Cassettes, Sheet Music, and Song Lyrics, pp. 114-125.","This subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 5. Videos, DVDs, CDs, and Slideshows, pp. 126-133.","This subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 6. Correspondence, pp. 134-292.","Following the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.","In general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.","Subseries 7. Photographs and Digital Images, pp. 293-328.","This subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 8. Textiles, Memorabilia, Artwork, and Handcrafted Items, pp. 329-381.","This subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.","Subseries 9. Poetry, pp. 382-412.","This subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.","This subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.","Subseries 10. Resolutions, Proclamations, Declarations, Bills, and Other Legislation, pp. 413-422.","This subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.","Resolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.","Subseries 11. Books, pp. 423-425.","This subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation.","Books were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Subseries 12. Sample Collection of Materials Received by Individual Families of Victims, pp. 426-431.","This subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.","The subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.","Series II. Individual Series, pp. 432-433.","This very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.","The series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.","Please note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOn the morning of April 16, 2007, Seung-Hui Cho shot and killed two students in West Ambler Johnston Residence Hall. About two hours later, Cho proceeded to Norris Hall, a building on the other side of the campus. When in Norris Hall he shot and killed five professors and 25 students, and injured over two dozen others, before turning the gun on himself.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe night of April 16, 2007, Hokies United, a student-organized response group, set up a memorial shrine with a semicircle of stones on the Drillfield in front of Burruss Hall, the university's administration building. The next day students placed large plywood boards, painted white, on the Drillfield for people to sign and leave expressions of grief, support, etc. Other spontaneous shrines appeared on campus and in the community.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe events of April 16, 2007, received intense media coverage, and people around the world responded. Virginia Tech received over 90,000 condolence items from all 50 states and 80 countries. These items included banners, posters, books of condolences, sound materials, various media materials, poetry, correspondence, resolutions, textiles, memorabilia, ephemera, and handcrafted items. Thousands of these items were displayed for the university community through University Unions and Student Activities' Squires Student Union.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems continued to be received for months and years afterwards, and families of those killed were offered the option of receiving many materials directly related to their loved ones from the Office of Recovery and Support, or having them placed in storage for later retrieval.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWe continue to remember the 32 victims:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRoss A. Alameddine \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChristopher James Bishop \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrian R. Bluhm\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRyan Christopher Clark \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAustin Michelle Cloyd \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJocelyne Couture-Nowak \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Alejandro Perez Cueva\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eKevin P. Granata \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Gregory Gwaltney \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCaitlin Millar Hammaren \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJeremy Michael Herbstritt\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRachael Elizabeth Hill \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEmily Jane Hilscher \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJarrett Lee Lane \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMatthew Joseph La Porte \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHenry J. Lee \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLiviu Librescu \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eG.V. Loganathan \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePartahi Mamora Halomoan Lumbantoruan \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLauren Ashley McCain \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaniel Patrick O'Neil \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJuan Ramon Ortiz-Ortiz \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMinal Hiralal Panchal \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eErin Nicole Peterson \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMichael Steven Pohle, Jr. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJulia Kathleen Pryde \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMary Karen Read \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReema Joseph Samaha \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWaleed Mohamed Shaalan \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeslie Geraldine Sherman \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaxine Shelly Turner \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNicole Regina White\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["On the morning of April 16, 2007, Seung-Hui Cho shot and killed two students in West Ambler Johnston Residence Hall. About two hours later, Cho proceeded to Norris Hall, a building on the other side of the campus. When in Norris Hall he shot and killed five professors and 25 students, and injured over two dozen others, before turning the gun on himself.","The night of April 16, 2007, Hokies United, a student-organized response group, set up a memorial shrine with a semicircle of stones on the Drillfield in front of Burruss Hall, the university's administration building. The next day students placed large plywood boards, painted white, on the Drillfield for people to sign and leave expressions of grief, support, etc. Other spontaneous shrines appeared on campus and in the community.","The events of April 16, 2007, received intense media coverage, and people around the world responded. Virginia Tech received over 90,000 condolence items from all 50 states and 80 countries. These items included banners, posters, books of condolences, sound materials, various media materials, poetry, correspondence, resolutions, textiles, memorabilia, ephemera, and handcrafted items. Thousands of these items were displayed for the university community through University Unions and Student Activities' Squires Student Union.","Items continued to be received for months and years afterwards, and families of those killed were offered the option of receiving many materials directly related to their loved ones from the Office of Recovery and Support, or having them placed in storage for later retrieval.","We continue to remember the 32 victims:","Ross A. Alameddine","Christopher James Bishop","Brian R. Bluhm","Ryan Christopher Clark","Austin Michelle Cloyd","Jocelyne Couture-Nowak","Daniel Alejandro Perez Cueva","Kevin P. Granata","Matthew Gregory Gwaltney","Caitlin Millar Hammaren","Jeremy Michael Herbstritt","Rachael Elizabeth Hill","Emily Jane Hilscher","Jarrett Lee Lane","Matthew Joseph La Porte","Henry J. Lee","Liviu Librescu","G.V. Loganathan","Partahi Mamora Halomoan Lumbantoruan","Lauren Ashley McCain","Daniel Patrick O'Neil","Juan Ramon Ortiz-Ortiz","Minal Hiralal Panchal","Erin Nicole Peterson","Michael Steven Pohle, Jr.","Julia Kathleen Pryde","Mary Karen Read","Reema Joseph Samaha","Waleed Mohamed Shaalan","Leslie Geraldine Sherman","Maxine Shelly Turner","Nicole Regina White"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe entire contents list of both series, including all subseries, is available as a \u003cextref type=\"simple\" actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" title=\"here\" href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9Qif8v2alvtSmFJTWx0cHJVQWM/view?usp=sharing\u0026amp;resourcekey=0-cnIqOWbYDwIGewudJtdhFQ\"\u003esingle, 436-page pdf\u003c/extref\u003e. The page numbers for each series and subseries are listed below.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe contents list of each series or subseries is available as an individual pdf file. Click on the link of the titles in the contents list for the subseries to view, search, and/or save the pdf.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aids"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["The entire contents list of both series, including all subseries, is available as a single, 436-page pdf. The page numbers for each series and subseries are listed below.","The contents list of each series or subseries is available as an individual pdf file. Click on the link of the titles in the contents list for the subseries to view, search, and/or save the pdf."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, Ms2008-020, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries, Ms2008-020, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries commenced in July 2007 and was completed in summer 2010. Processing began at Virginia Tech's Corporate Research Center (CRC). In September of 2008, the collection moved to Newman Library, Special Collections.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInitial processing involved entering metadata about materials in lots. A lot might contain one item, for example, a quilt, or 32,000 items, such as a gift of origami cranes. After being photographed, selected items were arranged, described and housed in archival containers. Thus, there is a digital collection and a physical collection; both contain selected items, some of which are represented in only one of these collections. Close to 7,000 lots of items were accessioned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eNote:\u003c/emph\u003e The names of the victims are given in their complete form in the finding aid even though they may be represented on the actual items in a much more informal way. Recognizing names was sometimes difficult. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSince there were two Daniels--Daniel Perez Cueva and Daniel Patrick O'Neil--and two Matthews--Matthew Gregory Gwaltney and Matthew Joseph La Porte--it sometimes was not clear which person was intended; therefore abbreviated names were included as they were written. An effort was made to record any instances in which a specific name appeared on an item. An effort was also made to record social commentary as it appeared on items.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries commenced in July 2007 and was completed in summer 2010. Processing began at Virginia Tech's Corporate Research Center (CRC). In September of 2008, the collection moved to Newman Library, Special Collections.","Initial processing involved entering metadata about materials in lots. A lot might contain one item, for example, a quilt, or 32,000 items, such as a gift of origami cranes. After being photographed, selected items were arranged, described and housed in archival containers. Thus, there is a digital collection and a physical collection; both contain selected items, some of which are represented in only one of these collections. Close to 7,000 lots of items were accessioned.","Note: The names of the victims are given in their complete form in the finding aid even though they may be represented on the actual items in a much more informal way. Recognizing names was sometimes difficult.","Since there were two Daniels--Daniel Perez Cueva and Daniel Patrick O'Neil--and two Matthews--Matthew Gregory Gwaltney and Matthew Joseph La Porte--it sometimes was not clear which person was intended; therefore abbreviated names were included as they were written. An effort was made to record any instances in which a specific name appeared on an item. An effort was also made to record social commentary as it appeared on items."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDigital items from the collection are available online at the  \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/11385\" show=\"new\" title=\"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries\"\u003eVirginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther Virginia Tech resources, as well as several state and federal government resources, are available through the \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"https://scholar.lib.vt.edu/prevail/index.html\" show=\"new\" title=\"Scholarly Communication Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Archives of the University Libraries webpage\"\u003eScholarly Communication \"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Archives of the University Libraries\" webpage\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Library of Virginia in Richmond maintains the \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi00999.xml\" title=\"Records of the Virginia Tech Review Panel. Accession 51144. State Records Collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia\"\u003eRecords of the Virginia Tech Review Panel. Accession 51144\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and University Archives also has the \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2862.oai_ead.xml\" title=\"April 16, 2007 Community Photograph Collection, M2013-022\"\u003eApril 16, 2007 Community Photograph Collection, M2013-022\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" show=\"new\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2924.oai_ead.xml\" title=\"Marching Virginians' April 16, 2007 Condolence Collection, Ms2013-084\"\u003eMarching Virginians' April 16, 2007 Condolence Collection, Ms2013-084\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Digital items from the collection are available online at the  Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Condolence Archives of the University Libraries.","The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.","Other Virginia Tech resources, as well as several state and federal government resources, are available through the Scholarly Communication \"Virginia Tech April 16, 2007, Archives of the University Libraries\" webpage.","The Library of Virginia in Richmond maintains the Records of the Virginia Tech Review Panel. Accession 51144.","Special Collections and University Archives also has the April 16, 2007 Community Photograph Collection, M2013-022 and Marching Virginians' April 16, 2007 Condolence Collection, Ms2013-084."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university following the events of April 16, 2007. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged using standard archival procedures. Due to the unique nature of this collection (i.e., the way it was received, the variety of formats, and the content), archivists developed specialized arrangement and description procedures. Since the collection and its contents are unique, the arrangement and description of individual series and subseries may differ.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains two series, Series I: Condolence Series and Series II: Individual Collections. Series I: Condolence Material includes twelve subseries, described in the \"Arrangement\" note below. Series II: Individual Collections has no subseries.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe contents list of each series or subseries is available as an individual pdf file. Click on the link below\nfor the subseries to view, search, and/or save the pdf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe entire contents list of both series, including all subseries, is available as a single, 436-page pdf \u003ca actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B9Qif8v2alvtSmFJTWx0cHJVQWM/view?resourcekey=0-cnIqOWbYDwIGewudJtdhFQ\" show=\"new\" title=\"here\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFollowing the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBooks were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university following the events of April 16, 2007. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007.","The collection is arranged using standard archival procedures. Due to the unique nature of this collection (i.e., the way it was received, the variety of formats, and the content), archivists developed specialized arrangement and description procedures. Since the collection and its contents are unique, the arrangement and description of individual series and subseries may differ.","The collection contains two series, Series I: Condolence Series and Series II: Individual Collections. Series I: Condolence Material includes twelve subseries, described in the \"Arrangement\" note below. Series II: Individual Collections has no subseries.","The contents list of each series or subseries is available as an individual pdf file. Click on the link below\nfor the subseries to view, search, and/or save the pdf.","The entire contents list of both series, including all subseries, is available as a single, 436-page pdf here.","This subseries contains banners received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Banners were defined as items that could be rolled or folded. Some banners were made of cloth or vinyl. Many of the banners were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the banners.","This subseries contains posters received by Virginia Tech following the events that occurred on campus on April 16, 2007. Many of the posters were signed and/or included messages. In some cases, the finding aid includes notes about the content of these messages. An effort was made to note any instances in which the names of any of the 32 victims appeared on the posters.","This subseries contains books of condolences received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Although gathered under the broad term of books of condolences, the items in this series appear in a wide array of formats and sizes. While a number of the materials take the form of traditional books of condolences, most are of a more informal, impromptu nature. Many of the items in this subseries contain messages from people who gathered at memorial ceremonies throughout the United States and the world.","Other books had simply been put in public places to receive the names and messages of passersby before being sent to Virginia Tech. In addition to names and messages, many of the items in this series include photographs, original artwork, and poetry.","This subseries contains various sound materials such as audio CDs, audio cassettes, sheet music, and song lyrics received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 5.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries contains materials that have visual content, including videos, DVDs, CDs, and slideshows that were received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. There is also some overlap between this subseries and Subseries 4.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","Following the events of April 16, 2007, Virginia Tech received cards and letters of condolence from organizations and individuals across the United States and internationally. A majority of the correspondence appears in standard greeting card format, in letters, and in oversize cards. Some contain messages from several individuals. Many of these cards were handmade, and some senders enclosed newspaper clippings or religious literature. Many cards and letters feature artwork, especially items sent from children. Other significant materials include official letters from international embassies and governments.","In general, all of the cards and letters were organized according to the sender; domestic and international correspondence remains separated. The items were arranged according to the nature of the creator from which they were received. Within these groupings, the items were further categorized alphabetically. Specifically, the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures of Virginia Tech received many condolence artifacts, including correspondence and floral arrangements; these items were arranged separately. While a substantial portion of condolences were sent directly to Virginia Tech or one of its departments, some correspondence was sent to the Blacksburg and Virginia Tech police departments. Many of these cards came from fellow police departments, EMTs, fire departments, and other public service agencies; these items were arranged separately.","This subseries contains photographs and digital images sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Groups and individuals are pictured, for example, wearing Virginia Tech colors, holding a memorial service, or raising money for the Hokie Spirit Fund. Other subseries may include photographs.","This subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries includes a wide variety of items sent to Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. The subseries includes items such as quilts, drawings, paintings, a car hood, sports memorabilia, U.S. flags flown at various places in honor of the victims, t-shirts, and a life preserver.","This subseries consists of poems composed or sent by individuals from across the United States. Some organizations sending poetry include schools, churches, colleges, and universities. Anonymous poems are also included.","This subseries was arranged into two groups: poetry sent by organizations or groups and poetry sent by individuals. Each group was alphabetized by the name of the organization or individual.","This subseries consists of official resolutions and proclamations passed by the governing bodies for colleges and universities, organizations, and state and local governments. Additional correspondence accompanies some of the resolutions.","Resolutions were arranged in alphabetical order by organization name, with oversized items in separate boxes.","This subseries consists of books and booklets received by Virginia Tech following the events of April 16, 2007. Subjects of the books include handling grief and grieving or are offered as possible sources of consolation.","Books were arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the item.","This subseries includes materials sent to the family of an individual victim. The material in the subseries, although anonymous, represents the cross section of gifts and items given to the families and the University community. The subseries contains music and DVD recordings of songs written for or performed on behalf of the victims, as well as recordings of memorial events on campus. There are cards, poetry, and books of condolences from schools, universities, religious organizations, and individuals. Memorabilia includes a flag flown at the United States Capitol, a knitted prayer shawl, original artwork from an alumna, and a candle burned at a New York University vigil. The subseries also contains publications and programs from memorial events on the Virginia Tech campus.","The subseries was arranged alphabetically by donor name. The donor may or may not be the creator of the material.","This very small series contains items either sent to or specifically relating to the individuals who were killed on April 16, 2007.","The series was arranged alphabetically. A separate box for Seung-Hui Cho is placed at the end.","Please note: The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries DOES NOT contain any official documents. Official documents available to the public may be viewed at dedicated computers in Newman Library, Virginia Tech, and at the Library of Virginia in Richmond."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and University Archives does not own copyright to all materials in the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Special Collections and University Archives does not own copyright to all materials in the Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_e19b106c81f8b4dc0bef5e5745f9f5ee\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university in the wake of April 16, 2007 in which 32 faculty and students were killed. The subseries organization is by type of item. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007. There also is a very small series with items specifically sent to or relating to those killed, which is organized alphabetically by name.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Virginia Tech April 16, 2007 Archives of the University Libraries consists mainly of condolence items received by the university in the wake of April 16, 2007 in which 32 faculty and students were killed. The subseries organization is by type of item. The bulk of materials were received in the first few months following April 16, 2007. There also is a very small series with items specifically sent to or relating to those killed, which is organized alphabetically by name."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"language_ssim":["The collection is primarily in English. Additional materials are in other languages, including Korean, Chinese, Hebrew, and Arabic."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:47:23.643Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2341"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, 1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Collection consists of architectural drawings, blueprints, and floorplans of selected campus buildings located on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, VA.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3107.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1907-2011","(bulk 1953-1996)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1907-2011"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["(bulk 1953-1996)"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, 1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996"],"text":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, 1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996","RG.06.03.02e","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History","University Archives","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","Collection is arranged in alphabetical order by building name.","VARC was an off-campus graduate facility, located in Newport News, Virginia, sponsored by Virginia Tech, the College of William and Mary, and the University of Virginia, in cooperation with the Langley Research Center of NASA. It specialized in applied aerospace research and other basic research in related areas.","The guide to the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","Please note: The first two pages of this set of drawings is missing.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection was completed in June 2011. Additional drawings were transferred from the Art \u0026 Architecture Library in December 2011 and added in January 2012. In November 2016, the contents of another existing collection of drawings, primarily of Carol M. 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Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Collection consists of architectural drawings, blueprints, and floorplans of selected campus buildings located on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, VA.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, 1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, 1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.06.03.02e"],"unitid_tesim":["RG.06.03.02e"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was transferred to Special Collections and University Archives over numerous accruals from the 1960s thru 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History","University Archives","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History","University Archives","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["19.3 Cubic Feet 19 boxes and 13 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["19.3 Cubic Feet 19 boxes and 13 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged in alphabetical order by building name.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged in alphabetical order by building name."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVARC was an off-campus graduate facility, located in Newport News, Virginia, sponsored by Virginia Tech, the College of William and Mary, and the University of Virginia, in cooperation with the Langley Research Center of NASA. It specialized in applied aerospace research and other basic research in related areas.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["VARC was an off-campus graduate facility, located in Newport News, Virginia, sponsored by Virginia Tech, the College of William and Mary, and the University of Virginia, in cooperation with the Langley Research Center of NASA. It specialized in applied aerospace research and other basic research in related areas."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: The first two pages of this set of drawings is missing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description","General"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","Please note: The first two pages of this set of drawings is missing."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, RG 6/3/2e, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, RG 6/3/2e, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection was completed in June 2011. Additional drawings were transferred from the Art \u0026amp; Architecture Library in December 2011 and added in January 2012. In November 2016, the contents of another existing collection of drawings, primarily of Carol M. Newman Library, were added.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection was completed in June 2011. Additional drawings were transferred from the Art \u0026 Architecture Library in December 2011 and added in January 2012. In November 2016, the contents of another existing collection of drawings, primarily of Carol M. Newman Library, were added."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00852.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCarneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings, Ms2001-008\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01833.xml\"\u003eCarneal and Johnston Glass Plate Negatives, Ms2014-016\u003c/a\u003e, at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings, Ms2001-008, and Carneal and Johnston Glass Plate Negatives, Ms2014-016, at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of architectural drawings, blueprints, and floorplans of selected campus buildings located on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, VA. Dated drawings are from 1907 to 2011, though many are undated. A list of buildings is available in the \"Contents List\" below.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of architectural drawings, blueprints, and floorplans of selected campus buildings located on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, VA. Dated drawings are from 1907 to 2011, though many are undated. A list of buildings is available in the \"Contents List\" below."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_492e95b36483582549554b8cdb21fa8e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eCollection consists of architectural drawings, blueprints, and floorplans of selected campus buildings located on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, VA.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["Collection consists of architectural drawings, blueprints, and floorplans of selected campus buildings located on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, VA."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":87,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T06:48:14.793Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3107","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3107.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1907-2011","(bulk 1953-1996)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1907-2011"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["(bulk 1953-1996)"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, 1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996"],"text":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, 1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996","RG.06.03.02e","Blacksburg (Va.)","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History","University Archives","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","Collection is arranged in alphabetical order by building name.","VARC was an off-campus graduate facility, located in Newport News, Virginia, sponsored by Virginia Tech, the College of William and Mary, and the University of Virginia, in cooperation with the Langley Research Center of NASA. It specialized in applied aerospace research and other basic research in related areas.","The guide to the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","Please note: The first two pages of this set of drawings is missing.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection was completed in June 2011. Additional drawings were transferred from the Art \u0026 Architecture Library in December 2011 and added in January 2012. In November 2016, the contents of another existing collection of drawings, primarily of Carol M. 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Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Collection consists of architectural drawings, blueprints, and floorplans of selected campus buildings located on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, VA.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, 1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, 1907/2011, bulk 1953/1996"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.06.03.02e"],"unitid_tesim":["RG.06.03.02e"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was transferred to Special Collections and University Archives over numerous accruals from the 1960s thru 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History","University Archives","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","University History","University Archives","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["19.3 Cubic Feet 19 boxes and 13 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["19.3 Cubic Feet 19 boxes and 13 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged in alphabetical order by building name.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged in alphabetical order by building name."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVARC was an off-campus graduate facility, located in Newport News, Virginia, sponsored by Virginia Tech, the College of William and Mary, and the University of Virginia, in cooperation with the Langley Research Center of NASA. 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It specialized in applied aerospace research and other basic research in related areas."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003ePlease note: The first two pages of this set of drawings is missing.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description","General"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/).","Please note: The first two pages of this set of drawings is missing."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, RG 6/3/2e, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, RG 6/3/2e, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection was completed in June 2011. 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Newman Library, were added."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also \u003ca href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00852.xml\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCarneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings, Ms2001-008\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv01833.xml\"\u003eCarneal and Johnston Glass Plate Negatives, Ms2014-016\u003c/a\u003e, at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings, Ms2001-008, and Carneal and Johnston Glass Plate Negatives, Ms2014-016, at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of architectural drawings, blueprints, and floorplans of selected campus buildings located on the campus of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in Blacksburg, VA. 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Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. 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