{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1989\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=5046","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1989\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=5045","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1989\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=5047","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1989\u0026facet.sort=count\u0026page=5048"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":5046,"next_page":5047,"prev_page":5045,"total_pages":5048,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":50450,"total_count":50480,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Zelda K. 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Nordlinger Papers, 1970/2008","M 89","/repositories/5/resources/574","Women -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women's rights","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008 and Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000.","Series 1\n Personal Files, 1970-2008\n \n \n Series 2\n Subject Files, 1972-2000","Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was an active particpant in movements for women's rights in Richmond, Virginia and co-founder of the Richmond branch of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.","Nordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood.","As a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as The Back Page, The New Yorker, and Ms. Magazine.","Nordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia.","Sources:","Robertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\" Richmond Times-Dispatch. (Article link)","VCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n (Interview link)","The Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals.","Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women.","Included with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality.","Informational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.","Correspondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.","Examples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories.","Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women.","Additionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications Ms. Magazine, The Woman's Calendar, and Mother Jones. Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of Playgirl and an issue of Time. All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970/2008"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda K. 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She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. 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Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\" \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e. \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.richmond.com/entertainment/zelda-k-nordlinger-feminist-activist-dies/article_179f2bbf-6612-52f0-a8c7-77d83f243385.html\"\u003e (Article link) \u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n\u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://digital.library.vcu.edu/islandora/object/vcu%3Aohi?page=1\"\u003e (Interview link)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was an active particpant in movements for women's rights in Richmond, Virginia and co-founder of the Richmond branch of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.","Nordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood.","As a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as The Back Page, The New Yorker, and Ms. Magazine.","Nordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia.","Sources:","Robertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\" Richmond Times-Dispatch. (Article link)","VCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n (Interview link)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda K. Nordlinger papers, 1970-2008, Collection # M 089, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e "],"prefercite_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger papers, 1970-2008, Collection # M 089, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExamples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications \u003ctitle\u003eMs. Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Woman's Calendar\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eMother Jones\u003c/title\u003e. Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of \u003ctitle\u003ePlaygirl\u003c/title\u003e and an issue of \u003ctitle\u003eTime\u003c/title\u003e. All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society.\u003c/p\u003e "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals.","Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women.","Included with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality.","Informational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.","Correspondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.","Examples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories.","Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women.","Additionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications Ms. Magazine, The Woman's Calendar, and Mother Jones. Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of Playgirl and an issue of Time. All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"persname_ssim":["Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":73,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:26:30.315Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_574","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_574.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Nordlinger, Zelda K., Papers","title_ssm":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers"],"title_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1970-2008"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970-2008"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/2008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970/2008"],"text":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970/2008","M 89","/repositories/5/resources/574","Women -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women's rights","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008 and Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000.","Series 1\n Personal Files, 1970-2008\n \n \n Series 2\n Subject Files, 1972-2000","Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was an active particpant in movements for women's rights in Richmond, Virginia and co-founder of the Richmond branch of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.","Nordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood.","As a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as The Back Page, The New Yorker, and Ms. Magazine.","Nordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia.","Sources:","Robertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\" Richmond Times-Dispatch. (Article link)","VCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n (Interview link)","The Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals.","Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women.","Included with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality.","Informational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.","Correspondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.","Examples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories.","Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women.","Additionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications Ms. Magazine, The Woman's Calendar, and Mother Jones. Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of Playgirl and an issue of Time. All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970/2008"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970/2008"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 89","/repositories/5/resources/574"],"unitid_tesim":["M 89","/repositories/5/resources/574"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"creator_ssim":["Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women"],"creators_ssim":["Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Zelda K. Nordlinger in 2000, and Betsy Brinson in 2008."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women's rights"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women -- Political activity -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women's rights"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.59 Linear Feet 4 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3.59 Linear Feet 4 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008 and Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000.\u003c/p\u003e ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n \u003cdefitem\u003e\n \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n \u003citem\u003ePersonal Files, 1970-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003c/defitem\u003e\n \u003cdefitem\u003e\n \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n \u003citem\u003eSubject Files, 1972-2000\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003c/defitem\u003e\n \u003c/list\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series: Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008 and Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000.","Series 1\n Personal Files, 1970-2008\n \n \n Series 2\n Subject Files, 1972-2000"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Kingoff Nordlinger was an active particpant in movements for women's rights in Richmond, Virginia and co-founder of the Richmond branch of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as \u003ctitle\u003eThe Back Page\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eThe New Yorker\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eMs. Magazine\u003c/title\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRobertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\" \u003ctitle\u003eRichmond Times-Dispatch\u003c/title\u003e. \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.richmond.com/entertainment/zelda-k-nordlinger-feminist-activist-dies/article_179f2bbf-6612-52f0-a8c7-77d83f243385.html\"\u003e (Article link) \u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n\u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://digital.library.vcu.edu/islandora/object/vcu%3Aohi?page=1\"\u003e (Interview link)\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger was an active particpant in movements for women's rights in Richmond, Virginia and co-founder of the Richmond branch of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She was born on January 29, 1932, in Greenville, South Carolina to Joseph Kingoff and Alice Heiner Kingoff. She graduated from Thomas Jefferson High School in 1950. She later attended Marjorie Webster Jr. College in Washington, D.C. in 1952 and Sally Tompkins School of Practical Nursing in 1963. She married Martin Stanford Nordlinger (1930-2002) in 1963. Nordlinger later attended Virginia Commonwealth University graduating with a Bachelor of General Studies degree in 1985.","Nordlinger was a staunch advocate for the national legalization of abortion. Prior to the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973, she assisted women in Richmond in finding legal avenues for safe abortions. She co-founded the Richmond chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW) with Mary Holt Woolfolk Carlton in 1969, gaining its charter in 1973. She maintained membership with multiple women's activism groups in the Richmond area including the Women's Lobby of Virginia, Virginia Foundation for Women (VFW), and Planned Parenthood.","As a member of NOW, Nordlinger participated in various efforts in the Richmond area to ensure reproductive rights, rape victim protection, and to end sexual segregation. She led a sit-in to integrate the all-male soup bar of the Richmond Thalhimers Department Store in 1970. At NOW conventions and demonstrations, she often delivered speeches discussing various topics in regard to women's rights. Additionally, Nordlinger furthered her activism as a freelance writer, composing essays and short stories which highlighted the social injustices women faced. Nordlinger regularly submitted her writings for publication in feminist and mainstream magazines such as The Back Page, The New Yorker, and Ms. Magazine.","Nordlinger died March 18, 2008, in Richmond, Virginia.","Sources:","Robertson, Ellen and McKelway, Bill. \"Zelda K. Nordlinger, feminist activist, dies,\" Richmond Times-Dispatch. (Article link)","VCU Libraries, VCU Libraries Digital Collections, Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger Interviews. \n (Interview link)"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda K. Nordlinger papers, 1970-2008, Collection # M 089, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e "],"prefercite_tesim":["Zelda K. Nordlinger papers, 1970-2008, Collection # M 089, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInformational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExamples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications \u003ctitle\u003eMs. Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eThe Woman's Calendar\u003c/title\u003e, and \u003ctitle\u003eMother Jones\u003c/title\u003e. Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of \u003ctitle\u003ePlaygirl\u003c/title\u003e and an issue of \u003ctitle\u003eTime\u003c/title\u003e. All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society.\u003c/p\u003e "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Zelda K. Nordlinger Papers, 1970-2008, is a collection of files used by Richmond, Virginia feminist and women's rights activist Zelda Kingoff Nordlinger. The papers provide insight into the second-wave feminist movement in the Richmond area with examples of the experiences, methods of activism, and organizations Nordlinger and her colleagues used to further their goals.","Series 1: Personal Files, 1970-2008: The bulk of the collection is comprised of the personal papers of Zelda Nordlinger regarding her work in women's activism in the Richmond area. The material consists of various newsletters, mailings, and pamphlets distributed by feminist groups to disseminate information relevant to their goals. Much of the material focuses on lobbying for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) or other legislation to further the rights held by women.","Included with these materials is Nordlinger's collection of political and activist buttons. The buttons display images and messages related to Nordlinger's areas of interest such as the ratification the ERA, advocating for abortion rights, and promoting women's equality.","Informational pamphlets within the collections explore topics ranging from the effects of rape on society, the role of women throughout history, women's medical rights, and the roles of consent in relationships. Others act as political promotional material, often supporting feminist-oriented candidates for office or new legislation, such as the ERA and bills supporting LGBTQ rights. A series of pamphlets in Dutch is also included in the collection, exploring sexism in the Netherlands and its effects on wages and women's roles in Dutch society in the 1970s.","Correspondence written by and to Nordlinger provides insight into Nordlinger's professional and personal life. Professional correspondence provides examples of negotiations with publishers for her short stories and essays, donation of personal materials to libraries in Virginia, and coordinating events such as NOW meetings. Personal correspondence provides an emotional viewpoint of the feminist movement in the Richmond area, as letters by Nordlinger and various Richmond women explain the impact which the women's movement has played on their lives.","Examples of Nordlinger's speeches, research notes, and personal and professional correspondence are represented in the collection. Speech note cards created for use by Nordlinger in delivering speeches and presentations on women's issues provide examples of the most pertinent issues for Nordlinger, such as the impact of pornography on women. Research notes contain information compiled by Nordlinger from various sources for use in her writings. Such writings include several short stories portraying the struggles of women in modern society, as well as historical essays examining how world politics affect women globally. Examples of her works are represented in this series as selections of essays and short stories.","Series 2: Subject Files, 1972-2000: The collection also contains a significant compilation of subject files which Nordlinger used for research into topics related to women's advocacy. These subject files are comprised of newspaper articles and magazine features which focus on then-contemporary analyses of the place of women in various aspects of society. Such topics explored in the subject files include women's fight for the right of abortion, the impacts of feminism, and the detrimental effects of pornography on the roles of women.","Additionally, Series 2 includes assorted magazines which Nordlinger used in her research, such as multiple issues of the feminist-oriented publications Ms. Magazine, The Woman's Calendar, and Mother Jones. Other magazines used for her research include the first issue of Playgirl and an issue of Time. All magazines used in Nordlinger's research contain articles regarding the benefits of feminist attitudes or examples of why feminism is needed in modern society."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"persname_ssim":["Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","National Organization for Women","Nordlinger, Zelda Kingoff"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":73,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:26:30.315Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_574"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9276","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Zelda Nordlinger Papers, 1969/1998, bulk 1970/1977","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9276#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eIncludes many letters, newspaper clippings, and feminist related items of Zelda Nordlinger, a Richmond, VA woman's activist and state co-coordinator of the Virginia chapter of the National Organization for Women. 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Also contains several newsletters published by feminist organizations, pamphlets, photographs, and correspondence with other feminist activists in the state.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9276#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9276","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9276","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9276","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9276","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9276.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Nordlinger, Zelda","title_ssm":["Zelda Nordlinger Papers"],"title_tesim":["Zelda Nordlinger Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1969-1998","1970-1977"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1969-1998"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-1977"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1969/1998, bulk 1970/1977"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelda Nordlinger Papers, 1969/1998, bulk 1970/1977"],"text":["Zelda Nordlinger Papers, 1969/1998, bulk 1970/1977","Mss. 98 N75","/repositories/2/resources/9276","American Civil Liberties Union--History--20th century","Equal Rights Amendment","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Photographs","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. 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The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Zelda Nordlinger of Richmond, Virginia was a woman's activist and state co-coordinator of the Virginia chapter of the National Organization for Women.","Processed by Andrea Calabretta in 1999.","Includes many letters, newspaper clippings, and feminist related items of Zelda Nordlinger, a Richmond, VA woman's activist and state co-coordinator of the Virginia chapter of the National Organization for Women. Includes information on the origins of the National Organization for Women, as well as the Equal Rights Amendment and the abortion issue. Also contains several newsletters published by feminist organizations, pamphlets, photographs, and correspondence with other feminist activists in the state.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","National Organization for Women","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelda Nordlinger Papers, 1969/1998, bulk 1970/1977"],"collection_ssim":["Zelda Nordlinger Papers, 1969/1998, bulk 1970/1977"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Mss. 98 N75","/repositories/2/resources/9276"],"unitid_tesim":["Mss. 98 N75","/repositories/2/resources/9276"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","National Organization for Women"],"creators_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","National Organization for Women"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Zelda Nordlinger in October 1998."],"access_subjects_ssim":["American Civil Liberties Union--History--20th century","Equal Rights Amendment","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["American Civil Liberties Union--History--20th century","Equal Rights Amendment","Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.00 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["2.00 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Fliers (printed matter)","Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access:"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Nordlinger of Richmond, Virginia was a woman's activist and state co-coordinator of the Virginia chapter of the National Organization for Women.\u003c/p\u003e "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information:"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelda Nordlinger of Richmond, Virginia was a woman's activist and state co-coordinator of the Virginia chapter of the National Organization for Women."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelda Nordlinger Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary.\u003c/p\u003e "],"prefercite_tesim":["Zelda Nordlinger Papers, Special Collections Research Center, Swem Library, College of William and Mary."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Andrea Calabretta in 1999.\u003c/p\u003e "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information:"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Andrea Calabretta in 1999."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIncludes many letters, newspaper clippings, and feminist related items of Zelda Nordlinger, a Richmond, VA woman's activist and state co-coordinator of the Virginia chapter of the National Organization for Women. Includes information on the origins of the National Organization for Women, as well as the Equal Rights Amendment and the abortion issue. Also contains several newsletters published by feminist organizations, pamphlets, photographs, and correspondence with other feminist activists in the state.\u003c/p\u003e "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Includes many letters, newspaper clippings, and feminist related items of Zelda Nordlinger, a Richmond, VA woman's activist and state co-coordinator of the Virginia chapter of the National Organization for Women. Includes information on the origins of the National Organization for Women, as well as the Equal Rights Amendment and the abortion issue. Also contains several newsletters published by feminist organizations, pamphlets, photographs, and correspondence with other feminist activists in the state."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use:"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","National Organization for Women"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Organization for Women"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","National Organization for Women"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:52:32.334Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9276"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991","creator":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wilson (1918-1996) an architect in Ojai, CA was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm. Her collection contains biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1855.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wilson, Zelma, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1940-1995","1969-1991"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1995"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1969-1991"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"text":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991","Ms.1991.046","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","Zelma Wilson (1918-1996) was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson was the only woman in her graduating class at USC that year. Her husband, a screenwriter, was blacklisted in 1952 after co-producing a film about New Mexico zinc miners. As a result the couple moved to Europe. While in Paris, Zelma pursued her post graduate studies at L'Ecole de Beaux Arts and her husband wrote \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" and co-wrote \"Lawrence of Arabia.\"","After working for the Los Angeles Planning Department, she obtained valuable experience in the offices of Richard Neutra, Victor Gruen Associates, R. M. Schindler, and Raphael Soriano. By 1957 Wilson was licensed and in 1967 she became principle of her own firm, Zelma Wilson and Associates, AIA, which she maintained continuously for over 20 years. She became a Fellow of the AIA in 1983 and guest lectured at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo for 10 years. As her practice grew Wilson acquired two partners and changed the firm name to Wilson and Conrad, Architects, AIA (1979-1984). The name shifted again as staffing and partnerships changed to The Ojai Group (1985-1986[?]) and finally Zelma Wilson, FAIA (1987[?]-1995).","Her projects started with houses and grew to institutional work, churches, and private schools. Wilson served on the California State Governors Emergency Task Force on Earthquake Preparedness from 1979 until 1985. Her projects include Vandenberg AFB Child Development Center, Ojai City Hall and the Simi Valley Community Center. Asked once by a prospective male employer if she cried on the job, Wilson answered, \"I don't, but I've made a few contractors cry.\"","The guide to the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was completed in August 2011. Preliminary processing was undertaken January 2006.","Zelma Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm initially Zelma Wilson and Associates and its many iterations (Wilson and Conrad Architects, The Ojai Group, and Zelma Wilson, FAIA). In the collection you will find biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991) and are divided into three categories: Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. Review the contents list below for details on individual categories.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Wilson (1918-1996) an architect in Ojai, CA was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm. Her collection contains biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"collection_ssim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1991.046"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1991.046"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"creator_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 1991 with the bulk of the collection arriving in 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["115.5 Cubic Feet 24 record cartons; 177 rolled drawings; 5 map-case drawers"],"extent_tesim":["115.5 Cubic Feet 24 record cartons; 177 rolled drawings; 5 map-case drawers"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelma Wilson (1918-1996) was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson was the only woman in her graduating class at USC that year. Her husband, a screenwriter, was blacklisted in 1952 after co-producing a film about New Mexico zinc miners. As a result the couple moved to Europe. While in Paris, Zelma pursued her post graduate studies at L'Ecole de Beaux Arts and her husband wrote \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" and co-wrote \"Lawrence of Arabia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter working for the Los Angeles Planning Department, she obtained valuable experience in the offices of Richard Neutra, Victor Gruen Associates, R. M. Schindler, and Raphael Soriano. By 1957 Wilson was licensed and in 1967 she became principle of her own firm, Zelma Wilson and Associates, AIA, which she maintained continuously for over 20 years. She became a Fellow of the AIA in 1983 and guest lectured at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo for 10 years. As her practice grew Wilson acquired two partners and changed the firm name to Wilson and Conrad, Architects, AIA (1979-1984). The name shifted again as staffing and partnerships changed to The Ojai Group (1985-1986[?]) and finally Zelma Wilson, FAIA (1987[?]-1995). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer projects started with houses and grew to institutional work, churches, and private schools. Wilson served on the California State Governors Emergency Task Force on Earthquake Preparedness from 1979 until 1985. Her projects include Vandenberg AFB Child Development Center, Ojai City Hall and the Simi Valley Community Center. Asked once by a prospective male employer if she cried on the job, Wilson answered, \"I don't, but I've made a few contractors cry.\" \u003c/p\u003e "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelma Wilson (1918-1996) was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson was the only woman in her graduating class at USC that year. Her husband, a screenwriter, was blacklisted in 1952 after co-producing a film about New Mexico zinc miners. As a result the couple moved to Europe. While in Paris, Zelma pursued her post graduate studies at L'Ecole de Beaux Arts and her husband wrote \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" and co-wrote \"Lawrence of Arabia.\"","After working for the Los Angeles Planning Department, she obtained valuable experience in the offices of Richard Neutra, Victor Gruen Associates, R. M. Schindler, and Raphael Soriano. By 1957 Wilson was licensed and in 1967 she became principle of her own firm, Zelma Wilson and Associates, AIA, which she maintained continuously for over 20 years. She became a Fellow of the AIA in 1983 and guest lectured at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo for 10 years. As her practice grew Wilson acquired two partners and changed the firm name to Wilson and Conrad, Architects, AIA (1979-1984). The name shifted again as staffing and partnerships changed to The Ojai Group (1985-1986[?]) and finally Zelma Wilson, FAIA (1987[?]-1995).","Her projects started with houses and grew to institutional work, churches, and private schools. Wilson served on the California State Governors Emergency Task Force on Earthquake Preparedness from 1979 until 1985. Her projects include Vandenberg AFB Child Development Center, Ojai City Hall and the Simi Valley Community Center. Asked once by a prospective male employer if she cried on the job, Wilson answered, \"I don't, but I've made a few contractors cry.\""],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, Ms1991-046, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, Ms1991-046, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was completed in August 2011. Preliminary processing was undertaken January 2006.\u003c/p\u003e "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was completed in August 2011. Preliminary processing was undertaken January 2006."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelma Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm initially Zelma Wilson and Associates and its many iterations (Wilson and Conrad Architects, The Ojai Group, and Zelma Wilson, FAIA). In the collection you will find biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991) and are divided into three categories: Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. Review the contents list below for details on individual categories.\u003c/p\u003e "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Zelma Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm initially Zelma Wilson and Associates and its many iterations (Wilson and Conrad Architects, The Ojai Group, and Zelma Wilson, FAIA). In the collection you will find biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991) and are divided into three categories: Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. Review the contents list below for details on individual categories."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a5530344875689115357e4bee240e5e1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eWilson (1918-1996) an architect in Ojai, CA was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm. Her collection contains biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["Wilson (1918-1996) an architect in Ojai, CA was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm. Her collection contains biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991)."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":417,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:53.205Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1855.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wilson, Zelma, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1940-1995","1969-1991"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1995"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1969-1991"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"text":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991","Ms.1991.046","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","Zelma Wilson (1918-1996) was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson was the only woman in her graduating class at USC that year. Her husband, a screenwriter, was blacklisted in 1952 after co-producing a film about New Mexico zinc miners. As a result the couple moved to Europe. While in Paris, Zelma pursued her post graduate studies at L'Ecole de Beaux Arts and her husband wrote \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" and co-wrote \"Lawrence of Arabia.\"","After working for the Los Angeles Planning Department, she obtained valuable experience in the offices of Richard Neutra, Victor Gruen Associates, R. M. Schindler, and Raphael Soriano. By 1957 Wilson was licensed and in 1967 she became principle of her own firm, Zelma Wilson and Associates, AIA, which she maintained continuously for over 20 years. She became a Fellow of the AIA in 1983 and guest lectured at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo for 10 years. As her practice grew Wilson acquired two partners and changed the firm name to Wilson and Conrad, Architects, AIA (1979-1984). The name shifted again as staffing and partnerships changed to The Ojai Group (1985-1986[?]) and finally Zelma Wilson, FAIA (1987[?]-1995).","Her projects started with houses and grew to institutional work, churches, and private schools. Wilson served on the California State Governors Emergency Task Force on Earthquake Preparedness from 1979 until 1985. Her projects include Vandenberg AFB Child Development Center, Ojai City Hall and the Simi Valley Community Center. Asked once by a prospective male employer if she cried on the job, Wilson answered, \"I don't, but I've made a few contractors cry.\"","The guide to the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was completed in August 2011. Preliminary processing was undertaken January 2006.","Zelma Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm initially Zelma Wilson and Associates and its many iterations (Wilson and Conrad Architects, The Ojai Group, and Zelma Wilson, FAIA). In the collection you will find biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991) and are divided into three categories: Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. Review the contents list below for details on individual categories.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Wilson (1918-1996) an architect in Ojai, CA was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm. Her collection contains biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"collection_ssim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1991.046"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1991.046"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"creator_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 1991 with the bulk of the collection arriving in 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["115.5 Cubic Feet 24 record cartons; 177 rolled drawings; 5 map-case drawers"],"extent_tesim":["115.5 Cubic Feet 24 record cartons; 177 rolled drawings; 5 map-case drawers"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelma Wilson (1918-1996) was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson was the only woman in her graduating class at USC that year. Her husband, a screenwriter, was blacklisted in 1952 after co-producing a film about New Mexico zinc miners. As a result the couple moved to Europe. While in Paris, Zelma pursued her post graduate studies at L'Ecole de Beaux Arts and her husband wrote \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" and co-wrote \"Lawrence of Arabia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter working for the Los Angeles Planning Department, she obtained valuable experience in the offices of Richard Neutra, Victor Gruen Associates, R. M. Schindler, and Raphael Soriano. By 1957 Wilson was licensed and in 1967 she became principle of her own firm, Zelma Wilson and Associates, AIA, which she maintained continuously for over 20 years. She became a Fellow of the AIA in 1983 and guest lectured at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo for 10 years. As her practice grew Wilson acquired two partners and changed the firm name to Wilson and Conrad, Architects, AIA (1979-1984). The name shifted again as staffing and partnerships changed to The Ojai Group (1985-1986[?]) and finally Zelma Wilson, FAIA (1987[?]-1995). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer projects started with houses and grew to institutional work, churches, and private schools. Wilson served on the California State Governors Emergency Task Force on Earthquake Preparedness from 1979 until 1985. Her projects include Vandenberg AFB Child Development Center, Ojai City Hall and the Simi Valley Community Center. Asked once by a prospective male employer if she cried on the job, Wilson answered, \"I don't, but I've made a few contractors cry.\" \u003c/p\u003e "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelma Wilson (1918-1996) was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson was the only woman in her graduating class at USC that year. Her husband, a screenwriter, was blacklisted in 1952 after co-producing a film about New Mexico zinc miners. As a result the couple moved to Europe. While in Paris, Zelma pursued her post graduate studies at L'Ecole de Beaux Arts and her husband wrote \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" and co-wrote \"Lawrence of Arabia.\"","After working for the Los Angeles Planning Department, she obtained valuable experience in the offices of Richard Neutra, Victor Gruen Associates, R. M. Schindler, and Raphael Soriano. By 1957 Wilson was licensed and in 1967 she became principle of her own firm, Zelma Wilson and Associates, AIA, which she maintained continuously for over 20 years. She became a Fellow of the AIA in 1983 and guest lectured at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo for 10 years. As her practice grew Wilson acquired two partners and changed the firm name to Wilson and Conrad, Architects, AIA (1979-1984). The name shifted again as staffing and partnerships changed to The Ojai Group (1985-1986[?]) and finally Zelma Wilson, FAIA (1987[?]-1995).","Her projects started with houses and grew to institutional work, churches, and private schools. Wilson served on the California State Governors Emergency Task Force on Earthquake Preparedness from 1979 until 1985. Her projects include Vandenberg AFB Child Development Center, Ojai City Hall and the Simi Valley Community Center. Asked once by a prospective male employer if she cried on the job, Wilson answered, \"I don't, but I've made a few contractors cry.\""],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, Ms1991-046, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, Ms1991-046, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was completed in August 2011. Preliminary processing was undertaken January 2006.\u003c/p\u003e "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was completed in August 2011. Preliminary processing was undertaken January 2006."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelma Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm initially Zelma Wilson and Associates and its many iterations (Wilson and Conrad Architects, The Ojai Group, and Zelma Wilson, FAIA). In the collection you will find biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991) and are divided into three categories: Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. Review the contents list below for details on individual categories.\u003c/p\u003e "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Zelma Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm initially Zelma Wilson and Associates and its many iterations (Wilson and Conrad Architects, The Ojai Group, and Zelma Wilson, FAIA). In the collection you will find biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991) and are divided into three categories: Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. Review the contents list below for details on individual categories."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a5530344875689115357e4bee240e5e1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eWilson (1918-1996) an architect in Ojai, CA was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm. Her collection contains biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["Wilson (1918-1996) an architect in Ojai, CA was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm. Her collection contains biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991)."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":417,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:53.205Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855_c01_c33","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zelma Wilson-Profiles and Personal Statement, 1981/1991","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855_c01_c33#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855_c01_c33","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855_c01_c33"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855_c01_c33","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855_c01","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855_c01","parent_ssim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991","SERIES I: Professional Papers, 1940/1993"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zelma Wilson-Profiles and Personal Statement","title_ssm":["Zelma Wilson-Profiles and Personal Statement"],"title_tesim":["Zelma Wilson-Profiles and Personal Statement"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelma Wilson-Profiles and Personal Statement, 1981/1991"],"text":["Zelma Wilson-Profiles and Personal Statement, 1981/1991","Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991","SERIES I: Professional Papers, 1940/1993","box 22","folder 39"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991","SERIES I: Professional Papers, 1940/1993"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991","SERIES I: Professional Papers, 1940/1993"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1981/1991"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1981-1991"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":34,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"containers_ssim":["box 22","folder 39"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#32","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:53.205Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1855.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wilson, Zelma, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1940-1995","1969-1991"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1995"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1969-1991"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"text":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991","Ms.1991.046","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","Zelma Wilson (1918-1996) was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson was the only woman in her graduating class at USC that year. Her husband, a screenwriter, was blacklisted in 1952 after co-producing a film about New Mexico zinc miners. As a result the couple moved to Europe. While in Paris, Zelma pursued her post graduate studies at L'Ecole de Beaux Arts and her husband wrote \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" and co-wrote \"Lawrence of Arabia.\"","After working for the Los Angeles Planning Department, she obtained valuable experience in the offices of Richard Neutra, Victor Gruen Associates, R. M. Schindler, and Raphael Soriano. By 1957 Wilson was licensed and in 1967 she became principle of her own firm, Zelma Wilson and Associates, AIA, which she maintained continuously for over 20 years. She became a Fellow of the AIA in 1983 and guest lectured at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo for 10 years. As her practice grew Wilson acquired two partners and changed the firm name to Wilson and Conrad, Architects, AIA (1979-1984). The name shifted again as staffing and partnerships changed to The Ojai Group (1985-1986[?]) and finally Zelma Wilson, FAIA (1987[?]-1995).","Her projects started with houses and grew to institutional work, churches, and private schools. Wilson served on the California State Governors Emergency Task Force on Earthquake Preparedness from 1979 until 1985. Her projects include Vandenberg AFB Child Development Center, Ojai City Hall and the Simi Valley Community Center. Asked once by a prospective male employer if she cried on the job, Wilson answered, \"I don't, but I've made a few contractors cry.\"","The guide to the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was completed in August 2011. Preliminary processing was undertaken January 2006.","Zelma Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm initially Zelma Wilson and Associates and its many iterations (Wilson and Conrad Architects, The Ojai Group, and Zelma Wilson, FAIA). In the collection you will find biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991) and are divided into three categories: Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. Review the contents list below for details on individual categories.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Wilson (1918-1996) an architect in Ojai, CA was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm. Her collection contains biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996","The materials in the collection are in English."],"collection_title_tesim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"collection_ssim":["Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, 1940/1995, bulk 1969/1991"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1991.046"],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1991.046"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"creator_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"creators_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 1991 with the bulk of the collection arriving in 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["115.5 Cubic Feet 24 record cartons; 177 rolled drawings; 5 map-case drawers"],"extent_tesim":["115.5 Cubic Feet 24 record cartons; 177 rolled drawings; 5 map-case drawers"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelma Wilson (1918-1996) was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson was the only woman in her graduating class at USC that year. Her husband, a screenwriter, was blacklisted in 1952 after co-producing a film about New Mexico zinc miners. As a result the couple moved to Europe. While in Paris, Zelma pursued her post graduate studies at L'Ecole de Beaux Arts and her husband wrote \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" and co-wrote \"Lawrence of Arabia.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter working for the Los Angeles Planning Department, she obtained valuable experience in the offices of Richard Neutra, Victor Gruen Associates, R. M. Schindler, and Raphael Soriano. By 1957 Wilson was licensed and in 1967 she became principle of her own firm, Zelma Wilson and Associates, AIA, which she maintained continuously for over 20 years. She became a Fellow of the AIA in 1983 and guest lectured at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo for 10 years. As her practice grew Wilson acquired two partners and changed the firm name to Wilson and Conrad, Architects, AIA (1979-1984). The name shifted again as staffing and partnerships changed to The Ojai Group (1985-1986[?]) and finally Zelma Wilson, FAIA (1987[?]-1995). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer projects started with houses and grew to institutional work, churches, and private schools. Wilson served on the California State Governors Emergency Task Force on Earthquake Preparedness from 1979 until 1985. Her projects include Vandenberg AFB Child Development Center, Ojai City Hall and the Simi Valley Community Center. Asked once by a prospective male employer if she cried on the job, Wilson answered, \"I don't, but I've made a few contractors cry.\" \u003c/p\u003e "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Zelma Wilson (1918-1996) was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson was the only woman in her graduating class at USC that year. Her husband, a screenwriter, was blacklisted in 1952 after co-producing a film about New Mexico zinc miners. As a result the couple moved to Europe. While in Paris, Zelma pursued her post graduate studies at L'Ecole de Beaux Arts and her husband wrote \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" and co-wrote \"Lawrence of Arabia.\"","After working for the Los Angeles Planning Department, she obtained valuable experience in the offices of Richard Neutra, Victor Gruen Associates, R. M. Schindler, and Raphael Soriano. By 1957 Wilson was licensed and in 1967 she became principle of her own firm, Zelma Wilson and Associates, AIA, which she maintained continuously for over 20 years. She became a Fellow of the AIA in 1983 and guest lectured at Cal Poly San Luis Obispo for 10 years. As her practice grew Wilson acquired two partners and changed the firm name to Wilson and Conrad, Architects, AIA (1979-1984). The name shifted again as staffing and partnerships changed to The Ojai Group (1985-1986[?]) and finally Zelma Wilson, FAIA (1987[?]-1995).","Her projects started with houses and grew to institutional work, churches, and private schools. Wilson served on the California State Governors Emergency Task Force on Earthquake Preparedness from 1979 until 1985. Her projects include Vandenberg AFB Child Development Center, Ojai City Hall and the Simi Valley Community Center. Asked once by a prospective male employer if she cried on the job, Wilson answered, \"I don't, but I've made a few contractors cry.\""],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e "],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/)."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, Ms1991-046, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e "],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection, Ms1991-046, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was completed in August 2011. Preliminary processing was undertaken January 2006.\u003c/p\u003e "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Zelma Wilson Architectural Collection was completed in August 2011. Preliminary processing was undertaken January 2006."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eZelma Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm initially Zelma Wilson and Associates and its many iterations (Wilson and Conrad Architects, The Ojai Group, and Zelma Wilson, FAIA). In the collection you will find biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991) and are divided into three categories: Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. Review the contents list below for details on individual categories.\u003c/p\u003e "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Zelma Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm initially Zelma Wilson and Associates and its many iterations (Wilson and Conrad Architects, The Ojai Group, and Zelma Wilson, FAIA). In the collection you will find biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991) and are divided into three categories: Professional Papers, Office Records, and Project Records. Review the contents list below for details on individual categories."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a5530344875689115357e4bee240e5e1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eWilson (1918-1996) an architect in Ojai, CA was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm. Her collection contains biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991).\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["Wilson (1918-1996) an architect in Ojai, CA was born in New York City but later relocated to Southern California. She studied at the University of California, Berkeley, 1937-1940; later the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 1941; and graduated with a B. Arch from University of Southern California in 1947. Wilson's collection encompasses three decades of work that range from her academic through professional career—including her experience of operating her own firm. Her collection contains biographical material, professional committee and association work, school work, client correspondence, office promotional materials, time logs, drawings, photographs and manuscript material relating to projects. Materials range in date from 1940-1995 (bulk 1969-1991)."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Wilson, Zelma, 1918-1996"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":417,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:15:53.205Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1855_c01_c33"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c499","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zhou, Lei, 1989","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c499#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThesis\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c499#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c499","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c499"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c499","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01","parent_ssim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects, 1973/2012"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zhou, Lei","title_ssm":["Zhou, Lei"],"title_tesim":["Zhou, Lei"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zhou, Lei, 1989"],"text":["Zhou, Lei, 1989","George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects, 1973/2012","box 26","Thesis"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects, 1973/2012"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","Series 1: Dissertation, Theses, and MAIS Projects, 1973/2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1989"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1989"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":500,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"containers_ssim":["box 26"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1989],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThesis\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Thesis"],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#498","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:38.340Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_349.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/","title_ssm":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"title_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1973-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1973-2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"text":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection","R0122","/repositories/2/resources/349","Dissertations, Academic","Collection is open to research.","Organized chronologically then alphabetically by last name.","Since becoming an independent university in 1972, George Mason University staff have managed the procedures for writing and submitting theses and dissertations as part of the degree requirements for most graduate programs. Each college manages its own graduate program, and students work with the University Dissertation and Thesis Coordinator in Fenwick Library to submit their work. As of 2013, students only submit electronic theses and dissertations.","Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff.","Special Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University.","The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.","There are no restrictions.","The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.","This collection is located off-site at the WRLC storage facility. Delivery of boxes may take up to two business days, so box requests must be made prior to visiting the Special Collections \u0026 Archives reading room.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["R0122","/repositories/2/resources/349"],"unitid_tesim":["R0122","/repositories/2/resources/349"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by George Mason University students."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Dissertations, Academic"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Dissertations, Academic"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["528.75 Linear Feet (434 boxes)","(434 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["528.75 Linear Feet (434 boxes)","(434 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized chronologically then alphabetically by last name.\u003c/p\u003e "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized chronologically then alphabetically by last name."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSince becoming an independent university in 1972, George Mason University staff have managed the procedures for writing and submitting theses and dissertations as part of the degree requirements for most graduate programs. Each college manages its own graduate program, and students work with the University Dissertation and Thesis Coordinator in Fenwick Library to submit their work. As of 2013, students only submit electronic theses and dissertations.\u003c/p\u003e "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Since becoming an independent university in 1972, George Mason University staff have managed the procedures for writing and submitting theses and dissertations as part of the degree requirements for most graduate programs. Each college manages its own graduate program, and students work with the University Dissertation and Thesis Coordinator in Fenwick Library to submit their work. As of 2013, students only submit electronic theses and dissertations."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection, Collection #R0122, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e "],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason University Dissertation and Thesis collection, Collection #R0122, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections and Archives staff.\u003c/p\u003e "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University.\u003c/p\u003e "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives holds the records of George Mason University."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.\u003c/p\u003e "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_a529a2c38d121fdde0314d969f333b47\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of official copies of each thesis and dissertation submitted from spring 1973 through fall 2012."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_373f2e30983497a8d378a6d2d0fc3719\" label=\"Location\"\u003eThis collection is located off-site at the WRLC storage facility. Delivery of boxes may take up to two business days, so box requests must be made prior to visiting the Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives reading room.\u003c/physloc\u003e\n "],"physloc_tesim":["This collection is located off-site at the WRLC storage facility. Delivery of boxes may take up to two business days, so box requests must be made prior to visiting the Special Collections \u0026 Archives reading room."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":6598,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:38.340Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_349_c01_c499"}},{"id":"vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c712","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zia-Pakistan [assassination], 1988/1989","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c712#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAssassination, Mohammed Zia ul-Haq, Pakistan \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c712#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c712","ref_ssm":["vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c712"],"id":"vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c712","ead_ssi":"vifgm_mcnamara","_root_":"vifgm_mcnamara","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_mcnamara_c02","parent_ssi":"vifgm_mcnamara_c02","parent_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_mcnamara","vifgm_mcnamara_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zia-Pakistan [assassination],","title_ssm":["Zia-Pakistan [assassination]"],"title_tesim":["Zia-Pakistan [assassination]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zia-Pakistan [assassination], 1988/1989"],"text":["Zia-Pakistan [assassination], 1988/1989","Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997","Folder 10","Box 214","Assassination, Mohammed Zia ul-Haq, Pakistan"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1988/1989"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1988-1989"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":2332,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"containers_ssim":["Folder 10","Box 214"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1988,1989],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAssassination, Mohammed Zia ul-Haq, Pakistan\n\t\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_tesim":["Assassination, Mohammed Zia ul-Haq, Pakistan"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#711","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:03.374Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_mcnamara","ead_ssi":"vifgm_mcnamara","_root_":"vifgm_mcnamara","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_mcnamara","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/mcnamara.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/mcnamara.html","title_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara papers"],"title_tesim":["Francis J. McNamara papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928/1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"text":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","C0024","Communism--United States--History--20th century.","Cold War--Social aspects--United States.","Espionage, American--Communist countries--History--20th century.","Hollywood (Los Angeles, Calif.)--Politics and government.","Subversive activities--United States--History--20th century.","Radicalism--United States--History--20th century.","Organized into three series.","Series 1: Anti-Communism and Subversive Activities, 1928-1975 (Boxes 1-154)\n\n Series 2: National Security, 1976-1997 (Boxes 155-214)\n\n Series 3: Regalia, 1950s (Box 215)","Francis John McNamara was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1915. After earning degrees at St. John's University in 1938 and Niagara University in 1939 (both in English), he joined the U.S. Army during World War II. He served in Asia in the China-Burma theater of operations as an intelligence officer and attained the rank of Major. After the war, married his wife of fifty-five years, Katherine Foley, and joined the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) assisting in the Jehol and Hupeh provinces of China.","When he returned to the United States in 1948, he went to work as a researcher for American Business Consultants, Inc., in New York City, a security firm and publisher of the anticommunist newsletter Counterattack. In January of 1950 he became editor of Counterattack where he remained until May of 1954. He then moved to Washington, D.C., to head the National Security Program of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW). In 1958 he left the VFW to serve as a research analyst and consultant to the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC). In 1961 he became director of research at HUAC, and in 1962, its staff director. In 1970 he went to work for the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB), where he served as executive secretary. In 1981 he became executive director of the Nathan Hale Foundation. He served as vice-chairman of the Security and Intelligence Foundation from 1987-90 and was a senior fellow at the Center for Intelligence Studies in Arlington, Virginia. McNamara died on February 27, 2007 at the age of 91.","The Francis J. McNamara Papers represent his lifelong career and study in the field of anticommunism and national security. Materials which comprise this collection track both his employment and interests during the period 1947-1997, including his work at American Business Consultants (1948-1954), the VFW (1954-1958), HUAC(1958-1969), SACB (1970-1973), and later consulting and editing work.","Types of materials include magazine and news clippings regarding subjects of interest to McNamara; final versions of U.S. government reports pertaining to investigations of individuals and/or organizations suspected of subversive activity; manuscript notes; correspondence both to and from McNamara; and pamphlets, journals and newsletters from both the left and right sides of the political spectrum covering the period 1928 through 1997.","Main subject areas include but are not limited to: domestic and foreign communism; the Cold War (i.e. the Soviet Bloc, China, Korea, Vietnam, and Latin America); espionage and intelligence; political and cultural figures; entertainment and news media; the antiwar movement; assassinations; and domestic groups (i.e. the Black Panthers, KKK, SNCC, and the Weather Underground).","The first series covers the first half of Francis McNamara's career, with collected material roughly covering the years 1928-1975. This series contains material from McNamara's career with the House Un-American Activities Committee in Congress and later with the Subversive Activities Control Board. The second series covers the second half of Francis McNamara's career, corresponding roughly with the dates 1976-1997. This series contains material from McNamara's career at the Hale Foundation and later work. The third series, consisting of one box, contains regalia and various artifacts such as stamps, notecards, and notebooks used by McNamara.","The Francis J. McNamara papers contains materials collected by Francis J. McNamara dating from 1928 to 1997 pertaining to American politics and culture during this period. The main concentration in this collection deals with national security with respect to the influence of Communism, the Civil Rights Movement, and the counterculture. It is comprised of newspaper and magazine articles, letters, memoranda and other personal documents, U.S. government documents, pamphlets, and other printed materials.","George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","American Civil Liberties Union.","Hale Foundation.","United States. Central Intelligence Agency.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board.","Francis J. McNamara","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957.","McNamara, Francis J.","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"collection_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0024"],"unitid_tesim":["C0024"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara"],"creator_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957.","McNamara, Francis J.","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","American Civil Liberties Union.","Hale Foundation.","United States. Central Intelligence Agency.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board."],"creators_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957.","McNamara, Francis J.","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963.","George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","American Civil Liberties Union.","Hale Foundation.","United States. Central Intelligence Agency.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by Francis J. McNamara in four deposits during the period 1995 to 1998."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communism--United States--History--20th century.","Cold War--Social aspects--United States.","Espionage, American--Communist countries--History--20th century.","Hollywood (Los Angeles, Calif.)--Politics and government.","Subversive activities--United States--History--20th century.","Radicalism--United States--History--20th century."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communism--United States--History--20th century.","Cold War--Social aspects--United States.","Espionage, American--Communist countries--History--20th century.","Hollywood (Los Angeles, Calif.)--Politics and government.","Subversive activities--United States--History--20th century.","Radicalism--United States--History--20th century."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["109.5 linear feet (215 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["109.5 linear feet (215 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into three series.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003clist\u003e\n \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Anti-Communism and Subversive Activities, 1928-1975 (Boxes 1-154)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: National Security, 1976-1997 (Boxes 155-214)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Regalia, 1950s (Box 215)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003c/list\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into three series.","Series 1: Anti-Communism and Subversive Activities, 1928-1975 (Boxes 1-154)\n\n Series 2: National Security, 1976-1997 (Boxes 155-214)\n\n Series 3: Regalia, 1950s (Box 215)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis John McNamara was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1915. After earning degrees at St. John's University in 1938 and Niagara University in 1939 (both in English), he joined the U.S. Army during World War II. He served in Asia in the China-Burma theater of operations as an intelligence officer and attained the rank of Major. After the war, married his wife of fifty-five years, Katherine Foley, and joined the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) assisting in the Jehol and Hupeh provinces of China.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eWhen he returned to the United States in 1948, he went to work as a researcher for American Business Consultants, Inc., in New York City, a security firm and publisher of the anticommunist newsletter Counterattack. In January of 1950 he became editor of Counterattack where he remained until May of 1954. He then moved to Washington, D.C., to head the National Security Program of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW). In 1958 he left the VFW to serve as a research analyst and consultant to the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC). In 1961 he became director of research at HUAC, and in 1962, its staff director. In 1970 he went to work for the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB), where he served as executive secretary. In 1981 he became executive director of the Nathan Hale Foundation. He served as vice-chairman of the Security and Intelligence Foundation from 1987-90 and was a senior fellow at the Center for Intelligence Studies in Arlington, Virginia. McNamara died on February 27, 2007 at the age of 91.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Francis John McNamara was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1915. After earning degrees at St. John's University in 1938 and Niagara University in 1939 (both in English), he joined the U.S. Army during World War II. He served in Asia in the China-Burma theater of operations as an intelligence officer and attained the rank of Major. After the war, married his wife of fifty-five years, Katherine Foley, and joined the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) assisting in the Jehol and Hupeh provinces of China.","When he returned to the United States in 1948, he went to work as a researcher for American Business Consultants, Inc., in New York City, a security firm and publisher of the anticommunist newsletter Counterattack. In January of 1950 he became editor of Counterattack where he remained until May of 1954. He then moved to Washington, D.C., to head the National Security Program of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW). In 1958 he left the VFW to serve as a research analyst and consultant to the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC). In 1961 he became director of research at HUAC, and in 1962, its staff director. In 1970 he went to work for the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB), where he served as executive secretary. In 1981 he became executive director of the Nathan Hale Foundation. He served as vice-chairman of the Security and Intelligence Foundation from 1987-90 and was a senior fellow at the Center for Intelligence Studies in Arlington, Virginia. McNamara died on February 27, 2007 at the age of 91."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Francis J. McNamara Papers represent his lifelong career and study in the field of anticommunism and national security. Materials which comprise this collection track both his employment and interests during the period 1947-1997, including his work at American Business Consultants (1948-1954), the VFW (1954-1958), HUAC(1958-1969), SACB (1970-1973), and later consulting and editing work. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eTypes of materials include magazine and news clippings regarding subjects of interest to McNamara; final versions of U.S. government reports pertaining to investigations of individuals and/or organizations suspected of subversive activity; manuscript notes; correspondence both to and from McNamara; and pamphlets, journals and newsletters from both the left and right sides of the political spectrum covering the period 1928 through 1997.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eMain subject areas include but are not limited to: domestic and foreign communism; the Cold War (i.e. the Soviet Bloc, China, Korea, Vietnam, and Latin America); espionage and intelligence; political and cultural figures; entertainment and news media; the antiwar movement; assassinations; and domestic groups (i.e. the Black Panthers, KKK, SNCC, and the Weather Underground).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n ","\u003cp\u003eThe first series covers the first half of Francis McNamara's career, with collected material roughly covering the years 1928-1975. This series contains material from McNamara's career with the House Un-American Activities Committee in Congress and later with the Subversive Activities Control Board. The second series covers the second half of Francis McNamara's career, corresponding roughly with the dates 1976-1997. This series contains material from McNamara's career at the Hale Foundation and later work. The third series, consisting of one box, contains regalia and various artifacts such as stamps, notecards, and notebooks used by McNamara.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Francis J. McNamara Papers represent his lifelong career and study in the field of anticommunism and national security. Materials which comprise this collection track both his employment and interests during the period 1947-1997, including his work at American Business Consultants (1948-1954), the VFW (1954-1958), HUAC(1958-1969), SACB (1970-1973), and later consulting and editing work.","Types of materials include magazine and news clippings regarding subjects of interest to McNamara; final versions of U.S. government reports pertaining to investigations of individuals and/or organizations suspected of subversive activity; manuscript notes; correspondence both to and from McNamara; and pamphlets, journals and newsletters from both the left and right sides of the political spectrum covering the period 1928 through 1997.","Main subject areas include but are not limited to: domestic and foreign communism; the Cold War (i.e. the Soviet Bloc, China, Korea, Vietnam, and Latin America); espionage and intelligence; political and cultural figures; entertainment and news media; the antiwar movement; assassinations; and domestic groups (i.e. the Black Panthers, KKK, SNCC, and the Weather Underground).","The first series covers the first half of Francis McNamara's career, with collected material roughly covering the years 1928-1975. This series contains material from McNamara's career with the House Un-American Activities Committee in Congress and later with the Subversive Activities Control Board. The second series covers the second half of Francis McNamara's career, corresponding roughly with the dates 1976-1997. This series contains material from McNamara's career at the Hale Foundation and later work. The third series, consisting of one box, contains regalia and various artifacts such as stamps, notecards, and notebooks used by McNamara."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Francis J. McNamara papers contains materials collected by Francis J. McNamara dating from 1928 to 1997 pertaining to American politics and culture during this period. The main concentration in this collection deals with national security with respect to the influence of Communism, the Civil Rights Movement, and the counterculture. It is comprised of newspaper and magazine articles, letters, memoranda and other personal documents, U.S. government documents, pamphlets, and other printed materials. \n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["The Francis J. McNamara papers contains materials collected by Francis J. McNamara dating from 1928 to 1997 pertaining to American politics and culture during this period. The main concentration in this collection deals with national security with respect to the influence of Communism, the Civil Rights Movement, and the counterculture. It is comprised of newspaper and magazine articles, letters, memoranda and other personal documents, U.S. government documents, pamphlets, and other printed materials."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","American Civil Liberties Union.","Hale Foundation.","United States. Central Intelligence Agency.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board."],"persname_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957.","McNamara, Francis J.","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","American Civil Liberties Union.","Hale Foundation.","United States. Central Intelligence Agency.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board.","Francis J. McNamara","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957.","McNamara, Francis J.","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2341,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:03.374Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c712"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139_c02_c714","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zia-Pakistan [assassination], 1988/1989","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139_c02_c714#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eAssassination, Mohammed Zia ul-Haq, Pakistan\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139_c02_c714#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139_c02_c714","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139_c02_c714"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139_c02_c714","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139_c02","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139_c02","parent_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Zia-Pakistan [assassination]","title_ssm":["Zia-Pakistan [assassination]"],"title_tesim":["Zia-Pakistan [assassination]"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Zia-Pakistan [assassination], 1988/1989"],"text":["Zia-Pakistan [assassination], 1988/1989","Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997","folder 10","box 214","Assassination, Mohammed Zia ul-Haq, Pakistan"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1988/1989"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1988-1989"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":2335,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"containers_ssim":["folder 10","box 214"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1988,1989],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAssassination, Mohammed Zia ul-Haq, Pakistan\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Assassination, Mohammed Zia ul-Haq, Pakistan"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#713","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:14.487Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_139.xml","title_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara papers"],"title_tesim":["Francis J. McNamara papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928/1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"text":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","C0024","/repositories/2/resources/139","Hollywood (Los Angeles, Calif.)","United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century","Radicalism -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Subversive activities -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Espionage, American -- History -- 20th century","Cold War -- Social aspects -- United States","Communism -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Protest movements -- United States","There are no access restrictions.","Organized into three series.","Series\n Series 1: Anti-Communism and Subversive Activities, 1928-1975 (Boxes 1-154)\n Series 2: National Security, 1976-1997 (Boxes 155-214)\n Series 3: Realia, 1950s (Box 215)","Francis John McNamara was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1915. After earning degrees at St. John's University in 1938 and Niagara University in 1939 (both in English), he joined the U.S. Army during World War II. He served in Asia in the China-Burma theater of operations as an intelligence officer and attained the rank of Major. After the war, married his wife of fifty-five years, Katherine Foley, and joined the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) assisting in the Jehol and Hupeh provinces of China.","When he returned to the United States in 1948, he went to work as a researcher for American Business Consultants, Inc., in New York City, a security firm and publisher of the anticommunist newsletter Counterattack. In January of 1950 he became editor of Counterattack where he remained until May of 1954. He then moved to Washington, D.C., to head the National Security Program of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW). In 1958 he left the VFW to serve as a research analyst and consultant to the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC). In 1961 he became director of research at HUAC, and in 1962, its staff director. In 1970 he went to work for the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB), where he served as executive secretary. In 1981 he became executive director of the Nathan Hale Foundation. He served as vice-chairman of the Security and Intelligence Foundation from 1987-90 and was a senior fellow at the Center for Intelligence Studies in Arlington, Virginia. McNamara died on February 27, 2007 at the age of 91.","The Francis J. McNamara Papers were processed between 1995 and 2009 by Special Collections Research Center Staff. During this processing period, SCRC retained the donor's original filing scheme (alphabetical arrangement by subject/topic). A print finding aid (Francis J. McNamara collection: Finding Aid and Research Guide with Index) was initially published in 1997, which described the first 52 boxes. In 2007 the remaining portion of the collection was processed by Benjamin Ranta and Colva Weissenstein, and an EAD finding aid was prepared. Final processing was completed by David Arditi and Kelsey Willingham in 2008-2009. EAD revisions completed by David Arditi and Kelsey Willingham in 2008-2009.","Special Collections Research Center also holds a small collection of books from McNamara's personal library (283 titles in total). These can be found in the University Libraries catalog with a keyword search on \"Francis J. McNamara collection\".","The Francis J. McNamara Papers represent his lifelong career and study in the field of anticommunism and national security. Materials which comprise this collection track both his employment and interests during the period 1947-1997, including his work at American Business Consultants (1948-1954), the VFW (1954-1958), HUAC(1958-1969), SACB (1970-1973), and later consulting and editing work.","Types of materials include magazine and news clippings regarding subjects of interest to McNamara; final versions of U.S. government reports pertaining to investigations of individuals and/or organizations suspected of subversive activity; manuscript notes; correspondence both to and from McNamara; and pamphlets, journals and newsletters from both the left and right sides of the political spectrum covering the period 1928 through 1997.","Main subject areas include but are not limited to: domestic and foreign communism; the Cold War (i.e. the Soviet Bloc, China, Korea, Vietnam, and Latin America); espionage and intelligence; political and cultural figures; entertainment and news media; the antiwar movement; assassinations; and domestic groups (i.e. the Black Panthers, KKK, SNCC, and the Weather Underground).","The first series covers the first half of Francis McNamara's career, with collected material roughly covering the years 1928-1975. This series contains material from McNamara's career with the House Un-American Activities Committee in Congress and later with the Subversive Activities Control Board. The second series covers the second half of Francis McNamara's career, corresponding roughly with the dates 1976-1997. This series contains material from McNamara's career at the Hale Foundation and later work. The third series, consisting of one box, contains regalia and various artifacts such as stamps, notecards, and notebooks used by McNamara.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Francis J. McNamara papers contains materials collected by Francis J. McNamara dating from 1928 to 1997 pertaining to American politics and culture during this period. The main concentration in this collection deals with national security with respect to the influence of Communism, the Civil Rights Movement, and the counterculture. It is comprised of newspaper and magazine articles, letters, memoranda and other personal documents, U.S. government documents, pamphlets, and other printed materials.","R11, C3, S3-S7 - C4, S2-S7\n\n\nR12, C1, S2-S7 - C4, S2-S7\n\n\nOS R7, C2, S1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Civil Liberties Union","Hale Foundation","United States. Central Intelligence Agency","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board","McNamara, Francis J., 1915-2007","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"collection_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0024","/repositories/2/resources/139"],"unitid_tesim":["C0024","/repositories/2/resources/139"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Hollywood (Los Angeles, Calif.)","United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"geogname_ssim":["Hollywood (Los Angeles, Calif.)","United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"places_ssim":["Hollywood (Los Angeles, Calif.)","United States -- Politics and government","United States -- Politics and government -- 20th century"],"creator_ssm":["McNamara, Francis J., 1915-2007"],"creator_ssim":["McNamara, Francis J., 1915-2007"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McNamara, Francis J., 1915-2007","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Civil Liberties Union","Hale Foundation","United States. Central Intelligence Agency","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board"],"creators_ssim":["McNamara, Francis J., 1915-2007","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Civil Liberties Union","Hale Foundation","United States. Central Intelligence Agency","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by Francis J. McNamara in four deposits during the period 1995 to 1998."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Radicalism -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Subversive activities -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Espionage, American -- History -- 20th century","Cold War -- Social aspects -- United States","Communism -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Protest movements -- United States"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Radicalism -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Subversive activities -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Espionage, American -- History -- 20th century","Cold War -- Social aspects -- United States","Communism -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Vietnam War, 1961-1975 -- Protest movements -- United States"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["109.5 Linear Feet 216 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["109.5 Linear Feet 216 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into three series.\u003c/p\u003e ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Anti-Communism and Subversive Activities, 1928-1975 (Boxes 1-154)\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: National Security, 1976-1997 (Boxes 155-214)\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Realia, 1950s (Box 215)\u003c/item\u003e\n \u003c/list\u003e\n "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into three series.","Series\n Series 1: Anti-Communism and Subversive Activities, 1928-1975 (Boxes 1-154)\n Series 2: National Security, 1976-1997 (Boxes 155-214)\n Series 3: Realia, 1950s (Box 215)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis John McNamara was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1915. After earning degrees at St. John's University in 1938 and Niagara University in 1939 (both in English), he joined the U.S. Army during World War II. He served in Asia in the China-Burma theater of operations as an intelligence officer and attained the rank of Major. After the war, married his wife of fifty-five years, Katherine Foley, and joined the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) assisting in the Jehol and Hupeh provinces of China. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen he returned to the United States in 1948, he went to work as a researcher for American Business Consultants, Inc., in New York City, a security firm and publisher of the anticommunist newsletter Counterattack. In January of 1950 he became editor of Counterattack where he remained until May of 1954. He then moved to Washington, D.C., to head the National Security Program of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW). In 1958 he left the VFW to serve as a research analyst and consultant to the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC). In 1961 he became director of research at HUAC, and in 1962, its staff director. In 1970 he went to work for the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB), where he served as executive secretary. In 1981 he became executive director of the Nathan Hale Foundation. He served as vice-chairman of the Security and Intelligence Foundation from 1987-90 and was a senior fellow at the Center for Intelligence Studies in Arlington, Virginia. McNamara died on February 27, 2007 at the age of 91. \u003c/p\u003e "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Francis John McNamara was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1915. After earning degrees at St. John's University in 1938 and Niagara University in 1939 (both in English), he joined the U.S. Army during World War II. He served in Asia in the China-Burma theater of operations as an intelligence officer and attained the rank of Major. After the war, married his wife of fifty-five years, Katherine Foley, and joined the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) assisting in the Jehol and Hupeh provinces of China.","When he returned to the United States in 1948, he went to work as a researcher for American Business Consultants, Inc., in New York City, a security firm and publisher of the anticommunist newsletter Counterattack. In January of 1950 he became editor of Counterattack where he remained until May of 1954. He then moved to Washington, D.C., to head the National Security Program of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW). In 1958 he left the VFW to serve as a research analyst and consultant to the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC). In 1961 he became director of research at HUAC, and in 1962, its staff director. In 1970 he went to work for the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB), where he served as executive secretary. In 1981 he became executive director of the Nathan Hale Foundation. He served as vice-chairman of the Security and Intelligence Foundation from 1987-90 and was a senior fellow at the Center for Intelligence Studies in Arlington, Virginia. McNamara died on February 27, 2007 at the age of 91."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis J. McNamara papers, C0024, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University. George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e "],"prefercite_tesim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, C0024, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University. George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Francis J. McNamara Papers were processed between 1995 and 2009 by Special Collections Research Center Staff. During this processing period, SCRC retained the donor's original filing scheme (alphabetical arrangement by subject/topic). A print finding aid (Francis J. McNamara collection: Finding Aid and Research Guide with Index) was initially published in 1997, which described the first 52 boxes. In 2007 the remaining portion of the collection was processed by Benjamin Ranta and Colva Weissenstein, and an EAD finding aid was prepared. Final processing was completed by David Arditi and Kelsey Willingham in 2008-2009. EAD revisions completed by David Arditi and Kelsey Willingham in 2008-2009.\u003c/p\u003e "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Francis J. McNamara Papers were processed between 1995 and 2009 by Special Collections Research Center Staff. During this processing period, SCRC retained the donor's original filing scheme (alphabetical arrangement by subject/topic). A print finding aid (Francis J. McNamara collection: Finding Aid and Research Guide with Index) was initially published in 1997, which described the first 52 boxes. In 2007 the remaining portion of the collection was processed by Benjamin Ranta and Colva Weissenstein, and an EAD finding aid was prepared. Final processing was completed by David Arditi and Kelsey Willingham in 2008-2009. EAD revisions completed by David Arditi and Kelsey Willingham in 2008-2009."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds a small collection of books from McNamara's personal library (283 titles in total). These can be found in the University Libraries catalog \u003cextptr show=\"new\" title=\"Catalog\" href=\"http://library.gmu.edu/\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e with a keyword search on \"Francis J. McNamara collection\".\u003c/p\u003e "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds a small collection of books from McNamara's personal library (283 titles in total). These can be found in the University Libraries catalog with a keyword search on \"Francis J. McNamara collection\"."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Francis J. McNamara Papers represent his lifelong career and study in the field of anticommunism and national security. Materials which comprise this collection track both his employment and interests during the period 1947-1997, including his work at American Business Consultants (1948-1954), the VFW (1954-1958), HUAC(1958-1969), SACB (1970-1973), and later consulting and editing work. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTypes of materials include magazine and news clippings regarding subjects of interest to McNamara; final versions of U.S. government reports pertaining to investigations of individuals and/or organizations suspected of subversive activity; manuscript notes; correspondence both to and from McNamara; and pamphlets, journals and newsletters from both the left and right sides of the political spectrum covering the period 1928 through 1997. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMain subject areas include but are not limited to: domestic and foreign communism; the Cold War (i.e. the Soviet Bloc, China, Korea, Vietnam, and Latin America); espionage and intelligence; political and cultural figures; entertainment and news media; the antiwar movement; assassinations; and domestic groups (i.e. the Black Panthers, KKK, SNCC, and the Weather Underground). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first series covers the first half of Francis McNamara's career, with collected material roughly covering the years 1928-1975. This series contains material from McNamara's career with the House Un-American Activities Committee in Congress and later with the Subversive Activities Control Board. The second series covers the second half of Francis McNamara's career, corresponding roughly with the dates 1976-1997. This series contains material from McNamara's career at the Hale Foundation and later work. The third series, consisting of one box, contains regalia and various artifacts such as stamps, notecards, and notebooks used by McNamara. \u003c/p\u003e "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Francis J. McNamara Papers represent his lifelong career and study in the field of anticommunism and national security. Materials which comprise this collection track both his employment and interests during the period 1947-1997, including his work at American Business Consultants (1948-1954), the VFW (1954-1958), HUAC(1958-1969), SACB (1970-1973), and later consulting and editing work.","Types of materials include magazine and news clippings regarding subjects of interest to McNamara; final versions of U.S. government reports pertaining to investigations of individuals and/or organizations suspected of subversive activity; manuscript notes; correspondence both to and from McNamara; and pamphlets, journals and newsletters from both the left and right sides of the political spectrum covering the period 1928 through 1997.","Main subject areas include but are not limited to: domestic and foreign communism; the Cold War (i.e. the Soviet Bloc, China, Korea, Vietnam, and Latin America); espionage and intelligence; political and cultural figures; entertainment and news media; the antiwar movement; assassinations; and domestic groups (i.e. the Black Panthers, KKK, SNCC, and the Weather Underground).","The first series covers the first half of Francis McNamara's career, with collected material roughly covering the years 1928-1975. This series contains material from McNamara's career with the House Un-American Activities Committee in Congress and later with the Subversive Activities Control Board. The second series covers the second half of Francis McNamara's career, corresponding roughly with the dates 1976-1997. This series contains material from McNamara's career at the Hale Foundation and later work. The third series, consisting of one box, contains regalia and various artifacts such as stamps, notecards, and notebooks used by McNamara."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4be41bef83b492fd1ece72e24031bfec\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Francis J. McNamara papers contains materials collected by Francis J. McNamara dating from 1928 to 1997 pertaining to American politics and culture during this period. The main concentration in this collection deals with national security with respect to the influence of Communism, the Civil Rights Movement, and the counterculture. It is comprised of newspaper and magazine articles, letters, memoranda and other personal documents, U.S. government documents, pamphlets, and other printed materials.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["The Francis J. McNamara papers contains materials collected by Francis J. McNamara dating from 1928 to 1997 pertaining to American politics and culture during this period. The main concentration in this collection deals with national security with respect to the influence of Communism, the Civil Rights Movement, and the counterculture. It is comprised of newspaper and magazine articles, letters, memoranda and other personal documents, U.S. government documents, pamphlets, and other printed materials."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_1a5db7978b0180701aa58c1b36c8b2e3\"\u003e\nR11, C3, S3-S7 - C4, S2-S7\n\n\nR12, C1, S2-S7 - C4, S2-S7\n\n\nOS R7, C2, S1\n\u003c/physloc\u003e\n "],"physloc_tesim":["R11, C3, S3-S7 - C4, S2-S7\n\n\nR12, C1, S2-S7 - C4, S2-S7\n\n\nOS R7, C2, S1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Civil Liberties Union","Hale Foundation","United States. Central Intelligence Agency","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board"],"names_coll_ssim":["American Civil Liberties Union","Hale Foundation","United States. Central Intelligence Agency","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963"],"persname_ssim":["McNamara, Francis J., 1915-2007","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","American Civil Liberties Union","Hale Foundation","United States. Central Intelligence Agency","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board","McNamara, Francis J., 1915-2007","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963"],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2344,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:14.487Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_139_c02_c714"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2415","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Ziegler (prints of Ziegler family members), 1965/2002","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2415#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2415","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2415"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2415","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","parent_ssim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, 1870/2025"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374"],"title_filing_ssi":"Ziegler (prints of Ziegler family members)","title_ssm":["Ziegler (prints of Ziegler family members)"],"title_tesim":["Ziegler (prints of Ziegler family members)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ziegler (prints of Ziegler family members), 1965/2002"],"text":["Ziegler (prints of Ziegler family members), 1965/2002","Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, 1870/2025","Box 84","Folder 4"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, 1870/2025"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, 1870/2025"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965/2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1965-2002"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":2415,"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, 1870/2025"],"containers_ssim":["Box 84","Folder 4"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"_nest_path_":"/components#2414","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:57:56.666Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_5374.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/204651","title_ssm":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records"],"title_tesim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1870-2020s and undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1870-2020s and undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1870/2025"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, 1870/2025"],"text":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, 1870/2025","A\u0026M 3762","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5374","Avis (W. Va.)","Fayette County (W. Va.)","Green Sulphur Springs (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","Hinton (W. Va.)","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Monroe County (W. Va.)","New River Gorge (W. Va.)","New River (N.C.-W. Va.)","Pence Springs (W. Va.)","Raleigh County (W. Va.)","Sandstone (W. Va.)","Summers County (W. Va.)","Talcott (W. Va.)","Genealogies.","Schools","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department.","Records and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the Hinton Daily News (later the Hinton News). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers.","Records about Hinton include photos and documents related to businesses and buildings. Highlights includes documentation for the Hinton National Historic District nomination; photos, game programs, and other records related to Hinton High School and its sports teams, including football and basketball; and photos, clippings, and ephemera regarding the West Virginia Water Festival, including pageant contestants and winners.","Genealogy and family history materials include genealogy charts, narrative histories, oral histories, and photographs (historic and more recent) of families of southeastern West Virginia.","Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad materials document activities of the company primarily in Hinton and Summers County, but includes other regions as well. Materials include photographs, clippings, and other documents about trains, railroads, tunnels, and construction. Highlights include historical photographs of railroad buildings, engines, and company employees.","Geographical features are documented by photographs and other material related to the construction of Bluestone Dam, and to the history of the New River, New River Gorge National Park, and other area rivers such as the Greenbrier. There are also records related to bridges and bridge construction, as well as numerous archaeological records, including surveys, maps, and reports.","Summers County communities, including Avis, Greenbrier, Green Sulphur Springs, Pence Springs, Sandstone, and Talcott, are documented by photographs, maps, and other material. Schools and churches in these communities are documented by photographs, school newspapers, bulletins, and other records.","War-related material includes photographs, clippings, and other documents. Highlights include photos of Civil War veterans at reunions, and photos and clippings related to World War I and World War II, including parades and the transportation of troops on the C\u0026O Railroad.\n \nNote on Terminology in the Contents List:","Photographs are referred to as \"photos\", \"prints\", or the specific photo type (tintype, carte de visite [CDV], cabinet card, or mounted photo). Photographs can also be found, of course, through the term \"negatives\"; many negatives do not have corresponding prints.","For genealogical information, search for a specific family name, or more generally, search for the terms \"genealogy\" or \"family history\". Photographs or negatives of \"family members\" identify groups of photographs of numerous individuals who share the same last name (or related name).","The Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad can be both spelled out fully or abbreviated C\u0026O.","Clippings may also be noted as articles or newspapers.","Addendum of 2018/02/27 is located in box 110 through box 116. It includes material relating to Stephen D. Trail's personal career, the history of the Trail family, and the history of Summers County, W. Va. Types of records include photographs, newsletters, correspondence, publications, and other material.","Addendum of 2018/05/31 comprises box 117 through box 128. This material was compiled by Fred Long, who worked at the Hinton Daily News. It includes records relating to Hinton, W. Va., Pence Springs resort and prison, and other subjects related to Greenbrier and Summers counties. Much of this material is foldered by topic; many of these topical folders contain clippings from the Hinton Daily News, as well as related material, such as photographs, publications, and correspondence, etc.","Addendum of 2018/07/03 comprises box 129 through box 131. This addendum includes materials relating to Stephen Trail's life and career, material relating to Summers County History, several issues of the Proceedings of the New River Symposium, bound transcriptions of the Summers County 1880 census and marriage records from 1871-1883, and two books: Greenbrier Pioneers and Their Homes by Ruth Woods Dayton, and A History of Greenbrier County by Otis K. Rice.","Addendum of 2024 September 18 (box 129, folder 36) includes a folder of assorted publications and printed ephemera regarding tourism in southeastern West Virginia and two county historical societies.","Addendum of 2024 December 03 (box 132) includes prints of photographs taken by Philip Bagdon, photocopies of mounted photographs, and assorted printed ephemera regarding Summers County, WV, and other locations in the south West Virginia.","Addendum of 2025 February 10 (box 132) includes the Lower Greenbrier River Byway, Lowell Backway and Wolf Creek Backway Draft Corridor Management Plan and Alderson \"French the Friendly Lion\" and Riverwise Labyrinth pamphlets.","Addendum of 2025 September 19 (box 132) includes assorted periodicals and other ephemera regarding Monroe County, WV, and other areas in southern West Virginia.","Separated to the dvd / vhs / betacam collection:","DVD and betacam copies of motion picture documentary of Hinton, West Virginia. Created in 1963 by the Area Redevelopment Agency of the U.S. government, it aimed to promote economic development in Hinton after the fading of the economy based upon steam railroads. (See items numbered 125 and 126 in the collection.)","Separated to the book collection; forwarded to Curator of Books:","Bragg, Melody. Thurmond and Ghost Towns of the New River Gorge. Glen Jean, West Virginia: Gem Publications, ca. 1995.","Daly, Dorothy. The Dart, 1926, Volume VII. Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class of Hinton High School, 1926.","Directory of Hinton, West Virginia. 1927.","Enoch, Harry G. Affair at Captina Creek. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","Foster, Elizabeth Carroll. Virginia Carrolls and Their Neighbors 1618-1800s. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","Glen Jean Historical Society. Dunloop Days: Glen Jean to Thurmond: Exciting Times and Precious Memories. Glen Jean, West Virginia: Glen Jean Historical Society, ca. 1989.","Grafton, Emily. West Virginia Adventure Guide to the Natural History of Blackwater Falls State Park. Terra Alta, West Virginia: Headline Books, 2002.","Harsh, Sharon Wilmoth. School Board Minutes, Enumeration Lists and Account Records, Barbour County, West Virginia: Township of Barker, 1870-1890; Independent District of Bellington, 1893-1899. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","Hatcher, Charles Silas. Historical Genealogy of the Basham, Ellison, Hatcher, Lilly, Meadows, Pack, Walker, and Other Families. Princeton, West Virginia: Jake Forest Hatcher, 1980.","History of the Great Kanawha Valley, Volume I. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","Keller, Barbara, editor. Summers County, West Virginia, Historical Society: Cemetery Book. Beckley, West Virginia: BJW Printing, 1996.","Keller, Robert, editor. Senior \"34\". Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1934.","Kirk, Bert A., Harold Neely, and the Hinton Junior Chamber of Commerce, editors. Hinton City Directory. White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia: Sentinel Publishers, 1939.","Lilly, Jack. Historical Genealogy of the Lilly Family. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1977.","Lilly, Jack. Lilly Family History, 1566-1997. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1997.","Lilly, Jack. Our Heritage: The Lilly Family, Vol. II. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1978.","Long, Fred and Steve Trail. Historic Pence Springs Resort. 1987.","Marockie, Henry R. School Laws of West Virginia: 1989 Edition. Charlottesville: The Michie Company, 1990.","McBride, W. Stephen, Kim Arbogast McBride, and Greg Adamson. Frontier Forts in West Virginia: Historical and Archaeological Explorations. Edited by Lora A. Lamarre and Joanna L. Wilson. Charleston, West Virginia: West Virginia Division of Culture and History, 2003.","McKey, JoAnn Riley. Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1682-1690, Volume 7. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.","McKey, JoAnn Riley. Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1690-1697, Volume 8. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","McKey, JoAnn Riley. Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1703-1710, Volume 10. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","McNeer, Sally Withrow. Echoes of Summers. Undated.","Miller, Hurley. Once in a Lifetime. Raleigh: Pentland Press, 2000.","Myers, Tom E. Moccasin Trails of the French and Indian War: The Eastern Frontier War 1743-1758. Parsons, West Virginia: McClain Printing Company, 1995.","Pemberton, Robert L. A History of Pleasants County, West Virginia. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","Peters, Okey Erwin, compiler. Conrad Peters and Wife Clara Snidow. Paducah, Kentucky: Paducah Printing Co., 1954.","Roles, Joe B. Mary Janes's War: A Civil War Novel Based on a True Story. Annandale, Virginia: Joe B. Roles, 2002.","Scott, Eugene. Thurmond: Dodge City of West Virginia: Believe It or Not City. Beckley, West Virginia: Eugene Scott, undated.","Senior Class of Hinton High School. The Senior Handbook; 1935. Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1935.","Shuff, Murray. Stone Cliff, West Virginia: \"Life Along New River\", 1930-1938. Beckley, West Virginia: Central Printing Company, 1984.","Small, Sally, Louis Torres, Larry J. Reynolds, United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center. Thurmond Commercial Buildings: New River Gorge, National River, West Virginia. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.","Stewart, Kathleen. A Space on the Side of the Road: Cultural Poetics in an \"Other\" America. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.","Sullivan, Ken. Thurmond: A New River Community. Oak Hill, West Virginia: Eastern National Park and Monument Association, ca. 1989.","Taylor, Sharon. The Amazing Story of the Gwinns in America. Washington, D.C.: Halbert's, 1982.","Trail, Stephen D. and Vandalia Consultants, Inc. Bluestone Dam 50th Anniversary Commemorative Album 1949-1999. Hinton, West Virginia: Fox Photographics, 1999.","United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center. Development Concept Plan / Interpretive Prospectus: Thurmond, New River Gorge National River, West Virginia. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.","United States. National Park Service. Land Protection Plan: New River Gorge. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Mid-Atlantic Region, 1984.","Wardell, Patrick G., compiler. Virginians and West Virginians, 1607-1870, Volume 1. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1986.","Wilson, Goodridge. Smyth County History and Traditions. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.","Separated to closed collections:","Baseball card of Jack Warhop, originally in box 79, folder 15.","Hinton High School Year Books, titled \"The Dart\", were separated to the book collection at the History Center. Includes years 1924, 1925 (2 copies), 1936, 1940, 1954, 1955 (2 copies), 1956, 1957, and 1959.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","Records and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the Hinton Daily News (later the Hinton News). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company","Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V.","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, 1870/2025"],"collection_ssim":["Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, 1870/2025"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3762","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5374"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 3762","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/5374"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Avis (W. Va.)","Fayette County (W. Va.)","Green Sulphur Springs (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","Hinton (W. Va.)","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Monroe County (W. Va.)","New River Gorge (W. Va.)","New River (N.C.-W. Va.)","Pence Springs (W. Va.)","Raleigh County (W. Va.)","Sandstone (W. Va.)","Summers County (W. Va.)","Talcott (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Avis (W. Va.)","Fayette County (W. Va.)","Green Sulphur Springs (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","Hinton (W. Va.)","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Monroe County (W. Va.)","New River Gorge (W. Va.)","New River (N.C.-W. Va.)","Pence Springs (W. Va.)","Raleigh County (W. Va.)","Sandstone (W. Va.)","Summers County (W. Va.)","Talcott (W. Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Avis (W. Va.)","Fayette County (W. Va.)","Green Sulphur Springs (W. Va.)","Greenbrier County (W. Va.)","Hinton (W. Va.)","Mercer County (W. Va.)","Monroe County (W. Va.)","New River Gorge (W. Va.)","New River (N.C.-W. Va.)","Pence Springs (W. Va.)","Raleigh County (W. Va.)","Sandstone (W. Va.)","Summers County (W. Va.)","Talcott (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"creator_ssim":["Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company"],"creators_ssim":["Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V.","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Genealogies.","Schools"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Genealogies.","Schools"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["117.02 Linear Feet 29 document case, 5 in. each; 20 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 78 record cartons, 15 in. each; 3 small flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each; 1 small flat storage box, 3 in.; 4 large flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 card file box, 4.5 in.; 1 square roll tube, 3 in.; 1 square roll tube, 4 in.; 1 oversize folder, 2 in.; 1 framed item, 0.25 in.; 1 oversize photograph","38.2 Gigabytes 14,700 files, formats primarily include .tif, .jpg, .doc"],"extent_tesim":["117.02 Linear Feet 29 document case, 5 in. each; 20 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 78 record cartons, 15 in. each; 3 small flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each; 1 small flat storage box, 3 in.; 4 large flat storage boxes, 1.5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 card file box, 4.5 in.; 1 square roll tube, 3 in.; 1 square roll tube, 4 in.; 1 oversize folder, 2 in.; 1 framed item, 0.25 in.; 1 oversize photograph","38.2 Gigabytes 14,700 files, formats primarily include .tif, .jpg, .doc"],"date_range_isim":[1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the \u003ca href=\"https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized and born digital materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, A\u0026amp;M 3762, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e "],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Long/Trail Southeastern West Virginia Historical Records, A\u0026M 3762, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHinton Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e (later the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHinton News\u003c/emph\u003e). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026amp;O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecords about Hinton include photos and documents related to businesses and buildings. Highlights includes documentation for the Hinton National Historic District nomination; photos, game programs, and other records related to Hinton High School and its sports teams, including football and basketball; and photos, clippings, and ephemera regarding the West Virginia Water Festival, including pageant contestants and winners.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGenealogy and family history materials include genealogy charts, narrative histories, oral histories, and photographs (historic and more recent) of families of southeastern West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026amp;O) Railroad materials document activities of the company primarily in Hinton and Summers County, but includes other regions as well. Materials include photographs, clippings, and other documents about trains, railroads, tunnels, and construction. Highlights include historical photographs of railroad buildings, engines, and company employees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeographical features are documented by photographs and other material related to the construction of Bluestone Dam, and to the history of the New River, New River Gorge National Park, and other area rivers such as the Greenbrier. There are also records related to bridges and bridge construction, as well as numerous archaeological records, including surveys, maps, and reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSummers County communities, including Avis, Greenbrier, Green Sulphur Springs, Pence Springs, Sandstone, and Talcott, are documented by photographs, maps, and other material. Schools and churches in these communities are documented by photographs, school newspapers, bulletins, and other records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWar-related material includes photographs, clippings, and other documents. Highlights include photos of Civil War veterans at reunions, and photos and clippings related to World War I and World War II, including parades and the transportation of troops on the C\u0026amp;O Railroad.\n \nNote on Terminology in the Contents List:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs are referred to as \"photos\", \"prints\", or the specific photo type (tintype, carte de visite [CDV], cabinet card, or mounted photo). Photographs can also be found, of course, through the term \"negatives\"; many negatives do not have corresponding prints.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFor genealogical information, search for a specific family name, or more generally, search for the terms \"genealogy\" or \"family history\". Photographs or negatives of \"family members\" identify groups of photographs of numerous individuals who share the same last name (or related name).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026amp;O) Railroad can be both spelled out fully or abbreviated C\u0026amp;O.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClippings may also be noted as articles or newspapers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2018/02/27 is located in box 110 through box 116. It includes material relating to Stephen D. Trail's personal career, the history of the Trail family, and the history of Summers County, W. Va. Types of records include photographs, newsletters, correspondence, publications, and other material.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nAddendum of 2018/05/31 comprises box 117 through box 128. This material was compiled by Fred Long, who worked at the Hinton Daily News. It includes records relating to Hinton, W. Va., Pence Springs resort and prison, and other subjects related to Greenbrier and Summers counties. Much of this material is foldered by topic; many of these topical folders contain clippings from the Hinton Daily News, as well as related material, such as photographs, publications, and correspondence, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2018/07/03 comprises box 129 through box 131. This addendum includes materials relating to Stephen Trail's life and career, material relating to Summers County History, several issues of the Proceedings of the New River Symposium, bound transcriptions of the Summers County 1880 census and marriage records from 1871-1883, and two books: Greenbrier Pioneers and Their Homes by Ruth Woods Dayton, and A History of Greenbrier County by Otis K. Rice.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2024 September 18 (box 129, folder 36) includes a folder of assorted publications and printed ephemera regarding tourism in southeastern West Virginia and two county historical societies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2024 December 03 (box 132) includes prints of photographs taken by Philip Bagdon, photocopies of mounted photographs, and assorted printed ephemera regarding Summers County, WV, and other locations in the south West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2025 February 10 (box 132) includes the Lower Greenbrier River Byway, Lowell Backway and Wolf Creek Backway Draft Corridor Management Plan and Alderson \"French the Friendly Lion\" and Riverwise Labyrinth pamphlets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2025 September 19 (box 132) includes assorted periodicals and other ephemera regarding Monroe County, WV, and other areas in southern West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the Hinton Daily News (later the Hinton News). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers.","Records about Hinton include photos and documents related to businesses and buildings. Highlights includes documentation for the Hinton National Historic District nomination; photos, game programs, and other records related to Hinton High School and its sports teams, including football and basketball; and photos, clippings, and ephemera regarding the West Virginia Water Festival, including pageant contestants and winners.","Genealogy and family history materials include genealogy charts, narrative histories, oral histories, and photographs (historic and more recent) of families of southeastern West Virginia.","Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad materials document activities of the company primarily in Hinton and Summers County, but includes other regions as well. Materials include photographs, clippings, and other documents about trains, railroads, tunnels, and construction. Highlights include historical photographs of railroad buildings, engines, and company employees.","Geographical features are documented by photographs and other material related to the construction of Bluestone Dam, and to the history of the New River, New River Gorge National Park, and other area rivers such as the Greenbrier. There are also records related to bridges and bridge construction, as well as numerous archaeological records, including surveys, maps, and reports.","Summers County communities, including Avis, Greenbrier, Green Sulphur Springs, Pence Springs, Sandstone, and Talcott, are documented by photographs, maps, and other material. Schools and churches in these communities are documented by photographs, school newspapers, bulletins, and other records.","War-related material includes photographs, clippings, and other documents. Highlights include photos of Civil War veterans at reunions, and photos and clippings related to World War I and World War II, including parades and the transportation of troops on the C\u0026O Railroad.\n \nNote on Terminology in the Contents List:","Photographs are referred to as \"photos\", \"prints\", or the specific photo type (tintype, carte de visite [CDV], cabinet card, or mounted photo). Photographs can also be found, of course, through the term \"negatives\"; many negatives do not have corresponding prints.","For genealogical information, search for a specific family name, or more generally, search for the terms \"genealogy\" or \"family history\". Photographs or negatives of \"family members\" identify groups of photographs of numerous individuals who share the same last name (or related name).","The Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad can be both spelled out fully or abbreviated C\u0026O.","Clippings may also be noted as articles or newspapers.","Addendum of 2018/02/27 is located in box 110 through box 116. It includes material relating to Stephen D. Trail's personal career, the history of the Trail family, and the history of Summers County, W. Va. Types of records include photographs, newsletters, correspondence, publications, and other material.","Addendum of 2018/05/31 comprises box 117 through box 128. This material was compiled by Fred Long, who worked at the Hinton Daily News. It includes records relating to Hinton, W. Va., Pence Springs resort and prison, and other subjects related to Greenbrier and Summers counties. Much of this material is foldered by topic; many of these topical folders contain clippings from the Hinton Daily News, as well as related material, such as photographs, publications, and correspondence, etc.","Addendum of 2018/07/03 comprises box 129 through box 131. This addendum includes materials relating to Stephen Trail's life and career, material relating to Summers County History, several issues of the Proceedings of the New River Symposium, bound transcriptions of the Summers County 1880 census and marriage records from 1871-1883, and two books: Greenbrier Pioneers and Their Homes by Ruth Woods Dayton, and A History of Greenbrier County by Otis K. Rice.","Addendum of 2024 September 18 (box 129, folder 36) includes a folder of assorted publications and printed ephemera regarding tourism in southeastern West Virginia and two county historical societies.","Addendum of 2024 December 03 (box 132) includes prints of photographs taken by Philip Bagdon, photocopies of mounted photographs, and assorted printed ephemera regarding Summers County, WV, and other locations in the south West Virginia.","Addendum of 2025 February 10 (box 132) includes the Lower Greenbrier River Byway, Lowell Backway and Wolf Creek Backway Draft Corridor Management Plan and Alderson \"French the Friendly Lion\" and Riverwise Labyrinth pamphlets.","Addendum of 2025 September 19 (box 132) includes assorted periodicals and other ephemera regarding Monroe County, WV, and other areas in southern West Virginia."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeparated to the dvd / vhs / betacam collection:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e DVD and betacam copies of motion picture documentary of Hinton, West Virginia. Created in 1963 by the Area Redevelopment Agency of the U.S. government, it aimed to promote economic development in Hinton after the fading of the economy based upon steam railroads. (See items numbered 125 and 126 in the collection.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Separated to the book collection; forwarded to Curator of Books:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Bragg, Melody. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThurmond and Ghost Towns of the New River Gorge\u003c/title\u003e. Glen Jean, West Virginia: Gem Publications, ca. 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Daly, Dorothy. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Dart, 1926, Volume VII\u003c/title\u003e. Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class of Hinton High School, 1926.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDirectory of Hinton, West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. 1927.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Enoch, Harry G. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAffair at Captina Creek\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Foster, Elizabeth Carroll. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginia Carrolls and Their Neighbors 1618-1800s\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Glen Jean Historical Society. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDunloop Days: Glen Jean to Thurmond: Exciting Times and Precious Memories\u003c/title\u003e. Glen Jean, West Virginia: Glen Jean Historical Society, ca. 1989.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Grafton, Emily. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWest Virginia Adventure Guide to the Natural History of Blackwater Falls State Park\u003c/title\u003e. Terra Alta, West Virginia: Headline Books, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Harsh, Sharon Wilmoth. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSchool Board Minutes, Enumeration Lists and Account Records, Barbour County, West Virginia: Township of Barker, 1870-1890; Independent District of Bellington, 1893-1899\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Hatcher, Charles Silas. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistorical Genealogy of the Basham, Ellison, Hatcher, Lilly, Meadows, Pack, Walker, and Other Families\u003c/title\u003e. Princeton, West Virginia: Jake Forest Hatcher, 1980.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistory of the Great Kanawha Valley, Volume I\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Keller, Barbara, editor. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSummers County, West Virginia, Historical Society: Cemetery Book\u003c/title\u003e. Beckley, West Virginia: BJW Printing, 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Keller, Robert, editor. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSenior \"34\"\u003c/title\u003e. Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1934.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Kirk, Bert A., Harold Neely, and the Hinton Junior Chamber of Commerce, editors. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHinton City Directory\u003c/title\u003e. White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia: Sentinel Publishers, 1939.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Lilly, Jack. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistorical Genealogy of the Lilly Family\u003c/title\u003e. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1977.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Lilly, Jack. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLilly Family History, 1566-1997\u003c/title\u003e. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1997.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Lilly, Jack. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eOur Heritage: The Lilly Family, Vol. II\u003c/title\u003e. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1978.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Long, Fred and Steve Trail. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHistoric Pence Springs Resort\u003c/title\u003e. 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Marockie, Henry R. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSchool Laws of West Virginia: 1989 Edition\u003c/title\u003e. Charlottesville: The Michie Company, 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e McBride, W. Stephen, Kim Arbogast McBride, and Greg Adamson. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eFrontier Forts in West Virginia: Historical and Archaeological Explorations\u003c/title\u003e. Edited by Lora A. Lamarre and Joanna L. Wilson. Charleston, West Virginia: West Virginia Division of Culture and History, 2003.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e McKey, JoAnn Riley. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAccomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1682-1690, Volume 7\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e McKey, JoAnn Riley. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAccomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1690-1697, Volume 8\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e McKey, JoAnn Riley. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAccomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1703-1710, Volume 10\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e McNeer, Sally Withrow. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of Summers\u003c/title\u003e. Undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Miller, Hurley. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eOnce in a Lifetime\u003c/title\u003e. Raleigh: Pentland Press, 2000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Myers, Tom E. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMoccasin Trails of the French and Indian War: The Eastern Frontier War 1743-1758\u003c/title\u003e. Parsons, West Virginia: McClain Printing Company, 1995.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Pemberton, Robert L. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA History of Pleasants County, West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Peters, Okey Erwin, compiler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConrad Peters and Wife Clara Snidow\u003c/title\u003e. Paducah, Kentucky: Paducah Printing Co., 1954.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Roles, Joe B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMary Janes's War: A Civil War Novel Based on a True Story\u003c/title\u003e. Annandale, Virginia: Joe B. Roles, 2002.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Scott, Eugene. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThurmond: Dodge City of West Virginia: Believe It or Not City\u003c/title\u003e. Beckley, West Virginia: Eugene Scott, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Senior Class of Hinton High School. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Senior Handbook; 1935\u003c/title\u003e. Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1935.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Shuff, Murray. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStone Cliff, West Virginia: \"Life Along New River\", 1930-1938\u003c/title\u003e. Beckley, West Virginia: Central Printing Company, 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Small, Sally, Louis Torres, Larry J. Reynolds, United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThurmond Commercial Buildings: New River Gorge, National River, West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Stewart, Kathleen. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eA Space on the Side of the Road: Cultural Poetics in an \"Other\" America\u003c/title\u003e. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Sullivan, Ken. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThurmond: A New River Community\u003c/title\u003e. Oak Hill, West Virginia: Eastern National Park and Monument Association, ca. 1989.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Taylor, Sharon. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Amazing Story of the Gwinns in America\u003c/title\u003e. Washington, D.C.: Halbert's, 1982.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Trail, Stephen D. and Vandalia Consultants, Inc. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBluestone Dam 50th Anniversary Commemorative Album 1949-1999\u003c/title\u003e. Hinton, West Virginia: Fox Photographics, 1999.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e United States. National Park Service. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eDenver Service Center. Development Concept Plan / Interpretive Prospectus: Thurmond, New River Gorge National River, West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e United States. National Park Service. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLand Protection Plan: New River Gorge\u003c/title\u003e. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Mid-Atlantic Region, 1984.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Wardell, Patrick G., compiler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eVirginians and West Virginians, 1607-1870, Volume 1\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Wilson, Goodridge. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSmyth County History and Traditions\u003c/title\u003e. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Separated to closed collections:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e Baseball card of Jack Warhop, originally in box 79, folder 15.\u003c/p\u003e ","\u003cp\u003eHinton High School Year Books, titled \"The Dart\", were separated to the book collection at the History Center. Includes years 1924, 1925 (2 copies), 1936, 1940, 1954, 1955 (2 copies), 1956, 1957, and 1959.\u003c/p\u003e "],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials","Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Separated to the dvd / vhs / betacam collection:","DVD and betacam copies of motion picture documentary of Hinton, West Virginia. Created in 1963 by the Area Redevelopment Agency of the U.S. government, it aimed to promote economic development in Hinton after the fading of the economy based upon steam railroads. (See items numbered 125 and 126 in the collection.)","Separated to the book collection; forwarded to Curator of Books:","Bragg, Melody. Thurmond and Ghost Towns of the New River Gorge. Glen Jean, West Virginia: Gem Publications, ca. 1995.","Daly, Dorothy. The Dart, 1926, Volume VII. Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class of Hinton High School, 1926.","Directory of Hinton, West Virginia. 1927.","Enoch, Harry G. Affair at Captina Creek. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","Foster, Elizabeth Carroll. Virginia Carrolls and Their Neighbors 1618-1800s. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","Glen Jean Historical Society. Dunloop Days: Glen Jean to Thurmond: Exciting Times and Precious Memories. Glen Jean, West Virginia: Glen Jean Historical Society, ca. 1989.","Grafton, Emily. West Virginia Adventure Guide to the Natural History of Blackwater Falls State Park. Terra Alta, West Virginia: Headline Books, 2002.","Harsh, Sharon Wilmoth. School Board Minutes, Enumeration Lists and Account Records, Barbour County, West Virginia: Township of Barker, 1870-1890; Independent District of Bellington, 1893-1899. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","Hatcher, Charles Silas. Historical Genealogy of the Basham, Ellison, Hatcher, Lilly, Meadows, Pack, Walker, and Other Families. Princeton, West Virginia: Jake Forest Hatcher, 1980.","History of the Great Kanawha Valley, Volume I. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","Keller, Barbara, editor. Summers County, West Virginia, Historical Society: Cemetery Book. Beckley, West Virginia: BJW Printing, 1996.","Keller, Robert, editor. Senior \"34\". Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1934.","Kirk, Bert A., Harold Neely, and the Hinton Junior Chamber of Commerce, editors. Hinton City Directory. White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia: Sentinel Publishers, 1939.","Lilly, Jack. Historical Genealogy of the Lilly Family. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1977.","Lilly, Jack. Lilly Family History, 1566-1997. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1997.","Lilly, Jack. Our Heritage: The Lilly Family, Vol. II. Canton, Ohio: Jack Lilly, 1978.","Long, Fred and Steve Trail. Historic Pence Springs Resort. 1987.","Marockie, Henry R. School Laws of West Virginia: 1989 Edition. Charlottesville: The Michie Company, 1990.","McBride, W. Stephen, Kim Arbogast McBride, and Greg Adamson. Frontier Forts in West Virginia: Historical and Archaeological Explorations. Edited by Lora A. Lamarre and Joanna L. Wilson. Charleston, West Virginia: West Virginia Division of Culture and History, 2003.","McKey, JoAnn Riley. Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1682-1690, Volume 7. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.","McKey, JoAnn Riley. Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1690-1697, Volume 8. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","McKey, JoAnn Riley. Accomack County, Virginia: Court Order Abstracts; 1703-1710, Volume 10. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 2000.","McNeer, Sally Withrow. Echoes of Summers. Undated.","Miller, Hurley. Once in a Lifetime. Raleigh: Pentland Press, 2000.","Myers, Tom E. Moccasin Trails of the French and Indian War: The Eastern Frontier War 1743-1758. Parsons, West Virginia: McClain Printing Company, 1995.","Pemberton, Robert L. A History of Pleasants County, West Virginia. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1999.","Peters, Okey Erwin, compiler. Conrad Peters and Wife Clara Snidow. Paducah, Kentucky: Paducah Printing Co., 1954.","Roles, Joe B. Mary Janes's War: A Civil War Novel Based on a True Story. Annandale, Virginia: Joe B. Roles, 2002.","Scott, Eugene. Thurmond: Dodge City of West Virginia: Believe It or Not City. Beckley, West Virginia: Eugene Scott, undated.","Senior Class of Hinton High School. The Senior Handbook; 1935. Hinton, West Virginia: Senior Class, Hinton High School, 1935.","Shuff, Murray. Stone Cliff, West Virginia: \"Life Along New River\", 1930-1938. Beckley, West Virginia: Central Printing Company, 1984.","Small, Sally, Louis Torres, Larry J. Reynolds, United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center. Thurmond Commercial Buildings: New River Gorge, National River, West Virginia. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.","Stewart, Kathleen. A Space on the Side of the Road: Cultural Poetics in an \"Other\" America. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996.","Sullivan, Ken. Thurmond: A New River Community. Oak Hill, West Virginia: Eastern National Park and Monument Association, ca. 1989.","Taylor, Sharon. The Amazing Story of the Gwinns in America. Washington, D.C.: Halbert's, 1982.","Trail, Stephen D. and Vandalia Consultants, Inc. Bluestone Dam 50th Anniversary Commemorative Album 1949-1999. Hinton, West Virginia: Fox Photographics, 1999.","United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center. Development Concept Plan / Interpretive Prospectus: Thurmond, New River Gorge National River, West Virginia. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Denver Service Center, 1992.","United States. National Park Service. Land Protection Plan: New River Gorge. Denver, Colorado: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Park Service, Mid-Atlantic Region, 1984.","Wardell, Patrick G., compiler. Virginians and West Virginians, 1607-1870, Volume 1. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1986.","Wilson, Goodridge. Smyth County History and Traditions. Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1998.","Separated to closed collections:","Baseball card of Jack Warhop, originally in box 79, folder 15.","Hinton High School Year Books, titled \"The Dart\", were separated to the book collection at the History Center. Includes years 1924, 1925 (2 copies), 1936, 1940, 1954, 1955 (2 copies), 1956, 1957, and 1959."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_43a428a036329b8d08d80398402053d8\"\u003eRecords and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHinton Daily News\u003c/emph\u003e (later the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHinton News\u003c/emph\u003e). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026amp;O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n "],"abstract_tesim":["Records and photographs documenting the history of southeastern West Virginia compiled by Summers County residents Fred Long and Stephen Trail. Many of the items were collected by a local newspaper, the Hinton Daily News (later the Hinton News). The collection focuses on the history of Summers County and Hinton from the mid-1700s to 2012, as well as the history of other areas in southeastern Virginia and western Virginia. Subjects include the town of Hinton, Hinton High School and Summers County schools, genealogy and family history, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C\u0026O) Railroad, archaeological and geographical features, other Summers County communities, wars, and other topics. Materials include a large quantity of photographs and negatives along with clippings, printed materials, ephemera, oral histories, maps, motion pictures, sound recordings, typescripts, manuscripts, and other types of materials. Many items are facsimiles of photos, documents, and newspapers."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_93518063762d4bcef4eb8598eb8cce65\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\"\u003eWest Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/physloc\u003e\n "],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536 / URL: West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company"],"names_coll_ssim":["Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company"],"persname_ssim":["Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company","Long, Frederick","Trail, Stephen D.","Bagdon, Philip V."],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":3592,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:57:56.666Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_5374_c2415"}},{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c05_c223","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Zilahy, 1929/1991","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c05_c223#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c05_c223","ref_ssm":["vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c05_c223"],"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c05_c223","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c05","parent_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231_c05","parent_ssim":["O.W. 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Permission for publication of this material, in part or in full, must be secured with the Head of Special Collections."],"language_ssim":["English."],"date_range_isim":[1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#222","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:24:25.803Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_ssi":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_root_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","_nest_parent_":"vilxw_repositories_5_resources_231","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WLU/repositories_5_resources_231.xml","title_ssm":["O.W. Riegel Papers"],"title_tesim":["O.W. 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His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA.","Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"","The materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source. 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His monograph, Mobilizing for Chaos: The Story of the New Propaganda, was published in 1934 and focused on the role propaganda was playing in the rise of National Socialism in Germany.\nIn his studies he amassed an extensive collection of American, European, and Asian propaganda spanning World War I through the Cold War. Aspects of his compilation of propaganda studies are included within this collection.\nRiegel joined the Washington and Lee University Journalism Department in 1930 and was named department head in 1934. He served as department head until his retirement in 1973. During his tenure with the university, he taught various courses on film, journalism, propaganda, and information application.\nHe passed away in 1997 in Lexington, VA."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Identification of item], O.W. Riegel Collection, WLU Coll. 0387, Special Collections and Archives, James G. 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Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\"\u003c/p\u003e "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Highlights of this collection include material concerning the Washington and Lee Journalism Department, including course material, student papers, and lecture notes. Supplementing this course material are published materials on the history of film, 20th century war propaganda, the Nazification of Germany, Paris in the 1920's and the \"Lost Generation.\" \nThere also includes wide selections of personal research materials for projects such as Riegel's books Mobilizing for Chaos and Crown of Glory; collections on Riegel's travels to Central and South America and Europe including Germany during the 1930s, and the typescript of his unpublished autobigraphy to 1945 titled \"Hacking It.\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials from Washington and Lee University Special Collections are made available for use in research, teaching, and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright law. The user assumes full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used should be fully credited with the source. 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