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Series 3-6 are generally arranged chronologically.","Series 1\n        Director's Correspondence, 1927-2006\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Director's Office Staff, 1977-2008\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Building Files, 1979-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Organization Files, 1991-2006\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Meeting Files, 1998-2009\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Program Files, 1992-2007","The collection was transferred from the Director's Office through periodic deposits since 1989. The bulk of the Early Director's Correspondence (Series 1.1) was deposited at to the Library of Virginia in 1982, where it remained until November 2022 when it was returned to VMFA.","In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.","Series 1.1 was processed by State Records Archivist Laura Drake Davis from 2006-2008 while it was still deposited at the Library of Virginia. In 2023, Senior Archivist Courtney Tkacz integrated VMFA's holdings into that series and in the process, RG-01 Boxes 1-4 and LVA 33863 Boxes 60, 67, 74, and 89 were removed.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Director's Correspondence (RG-01), 1927/2009"],"collection_ssim":["Director's Correspondence (RG-01), 1927/2009"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG-01","/repositories/2/resources/44"],"unitid_tesim":["RG-01","/repositories/2/resources/44"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"creators_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["248.5 Linear Feet 204 boxes; 7,156 folders"],"extent_tesim":["248.5 Linear Feet 204 boxes; 7,156 folders"],"date_range_isim":[1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809).\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is minimally processed. Requests to perform research must be submitted to the VMFA Archives at least three business days in advance.","As custodians of public records, VMFA only restricts access to public records when sensitive information is present. Such restrictions are applied in accordance with the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3700 thru § 2.2-3714) and the Government Data Collection and Dissemination Practices Act (Code of Virginia, § 2.2-3800 thru § 2.2-3809)."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into six series, and items are generally arranged alphabetically within series 1-2. Series 3-6 are generally arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDirector's Correspondence, 1927-2006\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eDirector's Office Staff, 1977-2008\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBuilding Files, 1979-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOrganization Files, 1991-2006\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMeeting Files, 1998-2009\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eProgram Files, 1992-2007\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into six series, and items are generally arranged alphabetically within series 1-2. Series 3-6 are generally arranged chronologically.","Series 1\n        Director's Correspondence, 1927-2006\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Director's Office Staff, 1977-2008\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Building Files, 1979-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Organization Files, 1991-2006\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Meeting Files, 1998-2009\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Program Files, 1992-2007"],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was transferred from the Director's Office through periodic deposits since 1989. The bulk of the Early Director's Correspondence (Series 1.1) was deposited at to the Library of Virginia in 1982, where it remained until November 2022 when it was returned to VMFA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was transferred from the Director's Office through periodic deposits since 1989. The bulk of the Early Director's Correspondence (Series 1.1) was deposited at to the Library of Virginia in 1982, where it remained until November 2022 when it was returned to VMFA."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDirector's Correspondence (RG-01). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Director's Correspondence (RG-01). VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1.1 was processed by State Records Archivist Laura Drake Davis from 2006-2008 while it was still deposited at the Library of Virginia. In 2023, Senior Archivist Courtney Tkacz integrated VMFA's holdings into that series and in the process, RG-01 Boxes 1-4 and LVA 33863 Boxes 60, 67, 74, and 89 were removed.  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In general, during processing, all publications are removed and added to the VMFA Library's holdings and original newspaper clippings are photocopied, with identifiers transferred, and then destroyed. Original folder titles are retained, when provided.","Series 1.1 was processed by State Records Archivist Laura Drake Davis from 2006-2008 while it was still deposited at the Library of Virginia. In 2023, Senior Archivist Courtney Tkacz integrated VMFA's holdings into that series and in the process, RG-01 Boxes 1-4 and LVA 33863 Boxes 60, 67, 74, and 89 were removed."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"total_component_count_is":7183,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:40:29.647Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_44_c03_c01"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c10","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 10.10: Jow Kagemoto, Patricia, 1970/2004","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c10#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Patricia Jow Kagemoto such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c10","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c10"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c10","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10","parent_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series 10.10: Jow Kagemoto, Patricia","title_ssm":["Sub-Series 10.10: Jow Kagemoto, Patricia"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series 10.10: Jow Kagemoto, Patricia"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series 10.10: Jow Kagemoto, Patricia, 1970/2004"],"text":["Sub-Series 10.10: Jow Kagemoto, Patricia, 1970/2004","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020","box VA-12 Box 9","English","This sub-series contains material related to Patricia Jow Kagemoto such as articles, correspondence, and more."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1970/2004"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1970s-2004, undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":397,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"extent_ssm":["1 box","1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 box","1 folder"],"containers_ssim":["box VA-12 Box 9"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains material related to Patricia Jow Kagemoto such as articles, correspondence, and more.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains material related to Patricia Jow Kagemoto such as articles, correspondence, and more."],"_nest_path_":"/components#9/components#9","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/465","title_filing_ssi":"Wigfall, Benjamin (VA-12)","title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"text":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465","Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints).","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020","Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.","The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.","In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. 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Ben, 1888-1970."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"extent_tesim":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCommunications Village, 1880-1980\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWatermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMigrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNew York, 1917-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArt and Printmaking, 1951-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOther Artists and Friends, 1949-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4aa27f66a6c0c2bf8444280ed5caacf4\"\u003eThe collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"names_coll_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":397,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c10"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c01","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 10.1: Correspondence, 1956/2018","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c01#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence between Wigfall and other artists and friends in his life.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c01","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c01"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c01","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10","parent_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series 10.1: Correspondence","title_ssm":["Sub-Series 10.1: Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series 10.1: Correspondence"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series 10.1: Correspondence, 1956/2018"],"text":["Sub-Series 10.1: Correspondence, 1956/2018","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020","box VA-12 Box 8","English","This sub-series contains correspondence between Wigfall and other artists and friends in his life."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1956/2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-2018, undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":386,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"extent_ssm":["1 box","1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 box","1 folder"],"containers_ssim":["box VA-12 Box 8"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains correspondence between Wigfall and other artists and friends in his life.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains correspondence between Wigfall and other artists and friends in his life."],"_nest_path_":"/components#9/components#0","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/465","title_filing_ssi":"Wigfall, Benjamin (VA-12)","title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"text":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465","Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints).","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020","Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.","The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.","In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"unitid_tesim":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"extent_tesim":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCommunications Village, 1880-1980\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWatermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMigrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNew York, 1917-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArt and Printmaking, 1951-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOther Artists and Friends, 1949-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4aa27f66a6c0c2bf8444280ed5caacf4\"\u003eThe collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"names_coll_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":397,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c01"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c02","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 10.2: Exhibitions, 1949/2016","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains ephemera of other artist's exhibitions that Benjamin L. Wigfall was presumably invited to attend.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c02","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c02"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c02","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10","parent_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series 10.2: Exhibitions","title_ssm":["Sub-Series 10.2: Exhibitions"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series 10.2: Exhibitions"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series 10.2: Exhibitions, 1949/2016"],"text":["Sub-Series 10.2: Exhibitions, 1949/2016","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020","box VA-12 Box 8","English","This sub-series contains ephemera of other artist's exhibitions that Benjamin L. Wigfall was presumably invited to attend."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1949/2016"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1949-2016, undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":387,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"extent_ssm":["1 box","1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 box","1 folder"],"containers_ssim":["box VA-12 Box 8"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series contains ephemera of other artist's exhibitions that Benjamin L. Wigfall was presumably invited to attend.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series contains ephemera of other artist's exhibitions that Benjamin L. Wigfall was presumably invited to attend."],"_nest_path_":"/components#9/components#1","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/465","title_filing_ssi":"Wigfall, Benjamin (VA-12)","title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"text":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465","Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints).","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020","Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.","The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.","In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"unitid_tesim":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"extent_tesim":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCommunications Village, 1880-1980\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWatermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMigrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNew York, 1917-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArt and Printmaking, 1951-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOther Artists and Friends, 1949-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4aa27f66a6c0c2bf8444280ed5caacf4\"\u003eThe collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"names_coll_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":397,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c02"}},{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c03","type":"Sub-Series","attributes":{"title":"Sub-Series 10.3: Art Images, 1950/2020","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c03#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of photographs of other artists' artwork.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c03","ref_ssm":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c03"],"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c03","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10","parent_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10","parent_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"parent_ids_ssim":["virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10"],"title_filing_ssi":"Sub-Series 10.3: Art Images","title_ssm":["Sub-Series 10.3: Art Images"],"title_tesim":["Sub-Series 10.3: Art Images"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sub-Series 10.3: Art Images, 1950/2020"],"text":["Sub-Series 10.3: Art Images, 1950/2020","Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020","box VA-12 Box 8","box VA-12 Box 33","VA-12 File 2","English","This sub-series is comprised of photographs of other artists' artwork."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","Series 10: Other Artists and Friends, 1949/2020"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/2020"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950s-2020, undated"],"level_ssm":["Sub-Series"],"level_ssim":["Sub-series"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":388,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"extent_ssm":["1 box","2 boxes","1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["1 box","2 boxes","1 folder"],"containers_ssim":["box VA-12 Box 8","box VA-12 Box 33","VA-12 File 2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"language_ssim":["English"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis sub-series is comprised of photographs of other artists' artwork.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This sub-series is comprised of photographs of other artists' artwork."],"_nest_path_":"/components#9/components#2","timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_ssi":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_root_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","_nest_parent_":"virmu_repositories_2_resources_465","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VMFA/repositories_2_resources_465.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.vmfa.museum/repositories/2/resources/465","title_filing_ssi":"Wigfall, Benjamin (VA-12)","title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1880-2023"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1880-2023"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1880/2023"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"text":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023","VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465","Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints).","The collection is open for research.","The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020","Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.","The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.","In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.","The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.","The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.","The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"collection_ssim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers, 1880/2023"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"unitid_tesim":["VA-12","/repositories/2/resources/465"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creator_ssm":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"creators_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970.","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"access_terms_ssm":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Art, American","Art, American -- 20th century -- Virginia","Painting -- 20th century","Prints -- Technique","Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"extent_tesim":["21.875 Linear Feet 50 boxes; 63 folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Woodcuts (prints).","Etchings (prints)."],"date_range_isim":[1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"deflist\"\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 1\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 2\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 3\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 4\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eCommunications Village, 1880-1980\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 5\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eWatermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 6\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eMigrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 7\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eNew York, 1917-2018\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 8\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eArt and Printmaking, 1951-1993\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 9\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003ePhotography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n      \u003cdefitem\u003e\n        \u003clabel\u003eSeries 10\u003c/label\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eOther Artists and Friends, 1949-2020\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/defitem\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into 10 series, and items are generally arranged chronologically within each series. Items with no date are generally placed at the end at each series.","Series 1\n        Benjamin L. Wigfall, 1944-2023\n      \n      \n        Series 2\n        Mary Carter Wigfall, 1949-2017\n      \n      \n        Series 3\n        Wigfall Family Records, 1944-2014\n      \n      \n        Series 4\n        Communications Village, 1880-1980\n      \n      \n        Series 5\n        Watermark/Cargo Gallery, 1969-2004\n      \n      \n        Series 6\n        Migrant Children's Center, 1965-1999\n      \n      \n        Series 7\n        New York, 1917-2018\n      \n      \n        Series 8\n        Art and Printmaking, 1951-1993\n      \n      \n        Series 9\n        Photography Projects - Communications Village, 1970s-2000s\n      \n      \n        Series 10\n        Other Artists and Friends, 1949-2020"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Benjamin Leroy Wigfall was born on November 17th, 1930 in Richmond, VA to parents James Andrew and Willie Cogena Wigfall. Wigfall attended the segregated George Mason Elementary School in Richmond until 1944, and moved to Armstrong High School (also segregated) for his secondary education until 1948. Armstrong High School is where Wigfall began to grow artistically, with the help of his senior-year art teacher, Stafford W. Evans, who introduced him to the VMFA. After high school, Wigfall attended Hampton Institute (now University) in 1948, taking part of his first year for a medical leave of absence due to his epilepsy.","After receiving his Bachelor in Art Education from Hampton Institute in 1953, Wigfall transferred to Yale University in order to continue his graduate studies in 1954. During this time, he also took another leave of absence to teach at Hampton Institute as an Art Educator. Wigfall re-entered Yale in 1958, and finished with his Master of Fine Arts from Yale University's Department of Design.","Wigfall went on to found both Communications Village Ltd., a community arts center in Kingston, NY, and the Watermark/Cargo Gallery, a contemporary and African art gallery also in Kingston, New York."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["The collection was donated by the artist's estate in December 2022. It was packed at Wigfall's home and studio in New Paltz, New York in September 2022."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBenjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Benjamin L. Wigfall Artist Archives and Mary Carter Wigfall Personal Papers (VA-12). Gift of Michael Gino Wigfall and Gia Oke-Bello. VMFA Archives, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItem-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["In 2021, the museum was awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities to fund 9 months of work for a graduate level intern during the 2022-2023 academic year. From October 2022 to June 2023, Nuelle Johnson performed all of the processing, description, rehousing and select digitization for the collection.","Item-level cataloging completed by Nuelle Johnson will continue to be added and updated in ArchivesSpace by Archivist Emily Johnson."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection's inclusive dates are 1880-2023, with the bulk of the material dating from the 1940s-1970s. The collection is comprised of correspondence, ephemera, publications, prints, slides, woodblocks, metal plates, photographs, certificates, financial documents, and more related to the life and work of both Benjamin L. Wigfall and Mary C. Wigfall."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/\"\u003eCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTransmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The collection is subject to all copyright laws. VMFA has been granted a non-exclusive license to reproduce the collection only for their educational and publicity purposes by the Benjamin Wigfall Estate. Other digitized content is licensed for use under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License.","Transmission or reproduction of materials protected by copyright, beyond that allowed by fair use, requires the researcher to obtain permission of copyright holders."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_4aa27f66a6c0c2bf8444280ed5caacf4\"\u003eThe collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The collection documents the life and work of Benjamin L. Wigfall, African American abstract expressionist artist. Benjamin L. Wigfall was the second African American artist to have a painting aquired by the VMFA, as well as the youngest ever artist to do the same. In addition to his work as an artist, Wigfall also taught and mentored in both Virginia at Hampton Institute, as well as New York at SUNY New Paltz and in his own community. Additionally, the collection contains documents related to the life and career of artist and educator, Mary Carter Wigfall, Benjamin L. Wigfall's wife. Mary C. Wigfall founded and directed the Migrant Childcare Center in New York from the early 1970s until her retirement in 1992."],"corpname_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts"],"persname_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"names_coll_ssim":["Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020"],"names_ssim":["Virginia Museum of Fine Arts Archives","Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","Wigfall, Benjamin L., 1930-2017","Wigfall, Mary Carter, 1932-2020","Peebles, Jesse","Van Dyke, Vera","Hotton, Julia","Fitzgerald, George","VanDerzee, Betty Royal","Hatcher, Lester","Scott, Edward","Carpenter, Larry","Van Dyke, Michael","Gordon, Martin","Howell, Kenny","Drake, Alfreda","Easter, Sonia","Barnes, Phyllis","Washington, Debbie","Washington, Dawn","Hunt, Val","Peebles, Vanella","Lewis, Jackie","Wade, Melrin","Lewis, Margaret Wade","Van Dyke, Sharon","Easter, Yvonne Thomas","Renner, Frank","Jackson, Annie","Raleigh, Henry","Crichlow, Ernest, 1914-2005.","Washington, Leroy","Washington, Dennis","Johnson, George H. Ben, 1888-1970."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":397,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-08-14T22:42:01.770Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/virmu_repositories_2_resources_465_c10_c03"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","value":"Virginia Museum of Fine Arts","hits":124},"links":{"remove":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1982\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1982\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Sub-series\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Museum+of+Fine+Arts"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Benjamin L. 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