{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026view=compact","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=30\u0026view=compact","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=32\u0026view=compact","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=5174\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":31,"next_page":32,"prev_page":30,"total_pages":5174,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":300,"total_count":51735,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c86","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies Organized by Bluefield Residents, Pt. 1","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c86#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c86","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c86"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c86","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Series 3. Subjects"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Series 3. Subjects"],"text":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Series 3. Subjects","5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies Organized by Bluefield Residents, Pt. 1","Box 6","Folder 20"],"title_filing_ssi":"5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies Organized by Bluefield Residents, Pt. 1","title_ssm":["5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies Organized by Bluefield Residents, Pt. 1"],"title_tesim":["5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies Organized by Bluefield Residents, Pt. 1"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1920, 1996-2004"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915/2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies Organized by Bluefield Residents, Pt. 1"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":250,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"containers_ssim":["Box 6","Folder 20"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#85","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:43:26.630Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6481.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/206572","title_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"title_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"unitdate_ssm":["1795-2020","ca. 1950-2010"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1950-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1795-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481"],"text":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481","William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Bluefield (W. Va.)","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County ","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County","Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","William \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. ","Although Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. ","Due to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: ","1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award","Archer authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.","Archer's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. ","After retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. ","William Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield.","This collection (A\u0026M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.","See also: \nA\u0026M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript \nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921) \nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses","Compare to: \nA\u0026M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript  \nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1 \nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)","West Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript: \nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes","The papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  ","The largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film,  A Beautiful Mind , about Nash's life and work.  ","Archer researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  ","Photographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for  The Bluefield Daily Telegraph . The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  ","And finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  ","Twelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  ","In addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  ","The collection consists of the following series:","Series 1. Keystone Bank \nSeries 2. John Nash  \nSeries 3. Subjects \nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media \nSeries 5. Writings ","The Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).","The John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography,  A Beautiful Mind  (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.","Digital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.","Series 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).","Music CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.","Includes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.","An Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","The collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.","The identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.","Oral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.","\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.","Two jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.","This series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from  Coal People Magazine ,  Goldenseal ,  Wonderful West Virginia , and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. ","\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   ","Two electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled  The Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas , a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.","Two electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","Manuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.","Compact discs include: \n Stu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers , 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n Bramwell 100 Year Celebration ; music and narration\n Coalfield Visions, 1990 ; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n Two for Pocahontas ; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n Gaining Momentum ; 7 songs\n project duo ; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n Merry, Merry Christmas ; 10 songs written by others\n Four for Bluefield ; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from  Project Duo , 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n Sounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2 , 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Glory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2 , 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Solid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow , 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n \nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.","Identifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics.","Items transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:","Wilderness  by Vance G. Martin","The Crozers of Upland  by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book","Legendary Local of McDowell County  by William Archer","The Bramwell Breeze  1911/1912","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"collection_ssim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Archer, William"],"creator_ssim":["Archer, William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Archer, William"],"creators_ssim":["Archer, William"],"places_ssim":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County ","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County ","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.75 Linear Feet 20 ft. 9 1/4 in. (13 record cartons, 15 in. each); (4 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 flat boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (3 flat boxes, 3 in. each); (1 box, 6 1/2 in.); (1 box, 5 in.); (1 index card box, 4 1/4 in.)","8.98 Gigabytes 308 files, formats include .jpg, .iso, .wav, .doc, .txt"],"extent_tesim":["20.75 Linear Feet 20 ft. 9 1/4 in. (13 record cartons, 15 in. each); (4 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 flat boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (3 flat boxes, 3 in. each); (1 box, 6 1/2 in.); (1 box, 5 in.); (1 index card box, 4 1/4 in.)","8.98 Gigabytes 308 files, formats include .jpg, .iso, .wav, .doc, .txt"],"date_range_isim":[1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArcher authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArcher's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. ","Although Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. ","Due to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: ","1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award","Archer authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.","Archer's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. ","After retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. ","William Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, A\u0026amp;M 4388, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, A\u0026M 4388, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection (A\u0026amp;M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA\u0026amp;M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCompare to:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA\u0026amp;M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection (A\u0026M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.","See also: \nA\u0026M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript \nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921) \nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses","Compare to: \nA\u0026M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript  \nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1 \nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)","West Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript: \nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the \u003ctitle\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film, \u003ctitle\u003eA Beautiful Mind\u003c/title\u003e, about Nash's life and work.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArcher researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for \u003ctitle\u003eThe Bluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e. The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Keystone Bank\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. John Nash\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e \nSeries 3. Subjects\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Writings \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography, \u003ctitle\u003eA Beautiful Mind\u003c/title\u003e (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMusic CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from \u003ctitle\u003eCoal People Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eWonderful West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled \u003ctitle\u003eThe Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas\u003c/title\u003e, a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967 \u003ctitle\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompact discs include: \n\u003ctitle\u003eStu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers\u003c/title\u003e, 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n\u003ctitle\u003eBramwell 100 Year Celebration\u003c/title\u003e; music and narration\n\u003ctitle\u003eCoalfield Visions, 1990\u003c/title\u003e; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n\u003ctitle\u003eTwo for Pocahontas\u003c/title\u003e; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026amp; 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n\u003ctitle\u003eGaining Momentum\u003c/title\u003e; 7 songs\n\u003ctitle\u003eproject duo\u003c/title\u003e; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n\u003ctitle\u003eMerry, Merry Christmas\u003c/title\u003e; 10 songs written by others\n\u003ctitle\u003eFour for Bluefield\u003c/title\u003e; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from \u003ctitle\u003eProject Duo\u003c/title\u003e, 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n\u003ctitle\u003eSounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2\u003c/title\u003e, 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n\u003ctitle\u003eGlory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2\u003c/title\u003e, 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n\u003ctitle\u003eSolid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow\u003c/title\u003e, 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026amp; Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  ","The largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film,  A Beautiful Mind , about Nash's life and work.  ","Archer researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  ","Photographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for  The Bluefield Daily Telegraph . The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  ","And finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  ","Twelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  ","In addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  ","The collection consists of the following series:","Series 1. Keystone Bank \nSeries 2. John Nash  \nSeries 3. Subjects \nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media \nSeries 5. Writings ","The Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).","The John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography,  A Beautiful Mind  (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.","Digital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.","Series 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).","Music CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.","Includes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.","An Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","The collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.","The identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.","Oral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.","\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.","Two jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.","This series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from  Coal People Magazine ,  Goldenseal ,  Wonderful West Virginia , and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. ","\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   ","Two electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled  The Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas , a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.","Two electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","Manuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.","Compact discs include: \n Stu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers , 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n Bramwell 100 Year Celebration ; music and narration\n Coalfield Visions, 1990 ; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n Two for Pocahontas ; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n Gaining Momentum ; 7 songs\n project duo ; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n Merry, Merry Christmas ; 10 songs written by others\n Four for Bluefield ; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from  Project Duo , 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n Sounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2 , 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Glory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2 , 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Solid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow , 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n \nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.","Identifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWilderness\u003c/title\u003e by Vance G. Martin\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eThe Crozers of Upland\u003c/title\u003e by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eLegendary Local of McDowell County\u003c/title\u003e by William Archer\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eThe Bramwell Breeze\u003c/title\u003e 1911/1912\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Items transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:","Wilderness  by Vance G. Martin","The Crozers of Upland  by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book","Legendary Local of McDowell County  by William Archer","The Bramwell Breeze  1911/1912"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cf33e0a1b957c44f683ffcdbbe87924c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":481,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:43:26.630Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c86"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c87","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies, Pt. 2","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c87#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c87","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c87"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c87","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Series 3. Subjects"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Series 3. Subjects"],"text":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Series 3. Subjects","5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies, Pt. 2","Box 6","Folder 21"],"title_filing_ssi":"5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies, Pt. 2","title_ssm":["5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies, Pt. 2"],"title_tesim":["5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies, Pt. 2"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1920, 1996-2004"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915/2004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["5th and 6th Colored Cavalry: Wounded Members Massacred by Confederate Soldiers after Battle at Saltville, VA; Memorial Ceremonies, Pt. 2"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":251,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004],"containers_ssim":["Box 6","Folder 21"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#86","timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:43:26.630Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6481.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/206572","title_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"title_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"unitdate_ssm":["1795-2020","ca. 1950-2010"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["ca. 1950-2010"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1795-2020"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481"],"text":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481","William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties","Bluefield (W. Va.)","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County ","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County","Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","William \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. ","Although Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. ","Due to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: ","1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award","Archer authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.","Archer's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. ","After retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. ","William Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield.","This collection (A\u0026M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.","See also: \nA\u0026M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript \nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921) \nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses","Compare to: \nA\u0026M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript  \nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1 \nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)","West Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript: \nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes","The papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  ","The largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film,  A Beautiful Mind , about Nash's life and work.  ","Archer researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  ","Photographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for  The Bluefield Daily Telegraph . The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  ","And finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  ","Twelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  ","In addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  ","The collection consists of the following series:","Series 1. Keystone Bank \nSeries 2. John Nash  \nSeries 3. Subjects \nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media \nSeries 5. Writings ","The Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).","The John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography,  A Beautiful Mind  (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.","Digital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.","Series 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).","Music CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.","Includes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.","An Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","The collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.","The identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.","Oral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.","\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.","Two jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.","This series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from  Coal People Magazine ,  Goldenseal ,  Wonderful West Virginia , and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. ","\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   ","Two electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled  The Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas , a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.","Two electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","Manuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.","Compact discs include: \n Stu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers , 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n Bramwell 100 Year Celebration ; music and narration\n Coalfield Visions, 1990 ; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n Two for Pocahontas ; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n Gaining Momentum ; 7 songs\n project duo ; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n Merry, Merry Christmas ; 10 songs written by others\n Four for Bluefield ; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from  Project Duo , 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n Sounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2 , 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Glory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2 , 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Solid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow , 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n \nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.","Identifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics.","Items transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:","Wilderness  by Vance G. Martin","The Crozers of Upland  by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book","Legendary Local of McDowell County  by William Archer","The Bramwell Breeze  1911/1912","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4388","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6481"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"collection_title_tesim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"collection_ssim":["William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Archer, William"],"creator_ssim":["Archer, William"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Archer, William"],"creators_ssim":["Archer, William"],"places_ssim":["Bluefield (W. Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County ","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans  -- West Virginia -- McDowell County ","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Mercer County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.75 Linear Feet 20 ft. 9 1/4 in. (13 record cartons, 15 in. each); (4 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 flat boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (3 flat boxes, 3 in. each); (1 box, 6 1/2 in.); (1 box, 5 in.); (1 index card box, 4 1/4 in.)","8.98 Gigabytes 308 files, formats include .jpg, .iso, .wav, .doc, .txt"],"extent_tesim":["20.75 Linear Feet 20 ft. 9 1/4 in. (13 record cartons, 15 in. each); (4 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 document case, 4 in.); (1 document case, 2 1/2 in.); (2 flat boxes, 1 1/2 in. each); (3 flat boxes, 3 in. each); (1 box, 6 1/2 in.); (1 box, 5 in.); (1 index card box, 4 1/4 in.)","8.98 Gigabytes 308 files, formats include .jpg, .iso, .wav, .doc, .txt"],"date_range_isim":[1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access born digital materials by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDue to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArcher authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArcher's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William \"Bill\" Archer's papers represent his work as a journalist, historian, and musician. He grew up in Claysville, Pennsylvania. His parents provided roots in the Scotch-Irish heritage from his mother and Russian roots from his father, Carl Wesley Archer. After graduating from McGuffey High School in 1967, Archer attended West Virginia University where he graduated in 1972 with a Bachelor's degree in English. He also completed twelve hours of graduate work in English with WVU. ","Although Archer's first writing job in southern West Virginia was with the Twin-State Marketer (Bluefield, VA) beginning in 1986, he contributed sporadically to the Bluefield Daily Telegraph beginning in 1983. In 1992, he joined the staff of the Bluefield paper and continued his work there as a reporter and senior editor until 2016. During this time, he was also a stringer from the State Journal, a West Virginia business publication, 1999-2003. Archer covered the news extensively not just in Bluefield but in adjacent counties in West Virginia and northwestern Virginia. ","Due to Archer's important coverage of news events in Southern West Virginia and service to his community, he has received a number of awards: ","1994\nFor his substantial contribution to news coverage, he received the Award of Excellence for Outstanding Editorial Achievement from Thomson Newspapers\n2000\nFor his coverage of the collapse of the First National Bank of Keystone Bank, he received the Outstanding Journalist Award from the West Virginia Trial Lawyers Association\n2003\nThe Mercer County National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded him the Merit Award\nThe Veterans of Foreign Wars, Post 9696, awarded him two Distinguished Service Awards\n2007\nArcher was dubbed \"the consummate community newspaper reporter\" by a former publisher of the Bluefield Daily Telegraph when he was named a West Virginia History Hero by the Mercer County Historical Society\n2013\nHe received two awards the Shott Excellence in Media Award and the National Coal Heritage Area Research Documentation Award\n2015\nThe local American Legion awarded him the Distinguished Citizenship Award","Archer authored a number of local history books and approximately 125 magazine articles in addition to his newspaper reporting. The books, in the \"Images of America\" series from Arcadia Publishing, document the history of the cities of Bluefield, Princeton, and Welch. His county histories include Mercer County (WV), McDowell County (WV), and Bland County (VA). He has written numerous articles for Wonderful West Virginia, and also has contributed to Goldenseal, The West Virginia Encyclopedia, Appalachian Heritage, Coal People, and Virginia Cavalcade.","Archer's interest in the varied music of southern West Virginia is reflected in some of his writing, but he also wrote poetry and songs. He recorded and performed original music compositions with Karl Miller for more than thirty years. He wrote the lyrics for the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. ","After retiring as a writer, Archere extended his service to the community as a Mercer County Commissioner for the 2017-2022 term. This time of his life postdates the donated materials in this collection. ","William Archer and his wife Evonda continue to reside in Bluefield."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, A\u0026amp;M 4388, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], William Archer, Journalist, Research Papers regarding McDowell and Mercer Counties, A\u0026M 4388, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection (A\u0026amp;M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSee also:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA\u0026amp;M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCompare to:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nA\u0026amp;M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWest Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection (A\u0026M 4388) contains a partial copy of the Matewan Trial transcript.","See also: \nA\u0026M 3608, Matewan Trial Transcript \nPages 2012 to 3958  (February 12, 1921 – February 23, 1921) \nPlus 1 page of index of witnesses","Compare to: \nA\u0026M 4388, William Archer Papers, Box 8, Folders 1-7, Matewan Trial Transcript  \nPages 1 to 11, list of witnesses, in Folder 1 \nPages 3340 to 4671  (February 22, 1921 – February 28, 1921)","West Virgina Archives and History in Charleston, West Virginia appears to hold the entire transcript: \nMingo County, Case file State vs. Sid Hatfield et al., transcripts, jury selection, witness statements (originals and photocopies), 1921 January 19 to March 16, 15 boxes"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the \u003ctitle\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film, \u003ctitle\u003eA Beautiful Mind\u003c/title\u003e, about Nash's life and work.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArcher researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for \u003ctitle\u003eThe Bluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e. The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnd finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTwelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Keystone Bank\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. John Nash\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e \nSeries 3. Subjects\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Writings \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography, \u003ctitle\u003eA Beautiful Mind\u003c/title\u003e (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDigital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMusic CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from \u003ctitle\u003eCoal People Magazine\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eWonderful West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled \u003ctitle\u003eThe Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas\u003c/title\u003e, a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eManuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967 \u003ctitle\u003eBluefield Daily Telegraph\u003c/title\u003e newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCompact discs include: \n\u003ctitle\u003eStu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers\u003c/title\u003e, 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n\u003ctitle\u003eBramwell 100 Year Celebration\u003c/title\u003e; music and narration\n\u003ctitle\u003eCoalfield Visions, 1990\u003c/title\u003e; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n\u003ctitle\u003eTwo for Pocahontas\u003c/title\u003e; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026amp; 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n\u003ctitle\u003eGaining Momentum\u003c/title\u003e; 7 songs\n\u003ctitle\u003eproject duo\u003c/title\u003e; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n\u003ctitle\u003eMerry, Merry Christmas\u003c/title\u003e; 10 songs written by others\n\u003ctitle\u003eFour for Bluefield\u003c/title\u003e; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from \u003ctitle\u003eProject Duo\u003c/title\u003e, 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n\u003ctitle\u003eSounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2\u003c/title\u003e, 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n\u003ctitle\u003eGlory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2\u003c/title\u003e, 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n\u003ctitle\u003eSolid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow\u003c/title\u003e, 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026amp; Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIdentifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of William \"Bill\" Archer, newspaper journalist for the  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  and historian, document Archer's research and reporting of events in Southern West Virginia, predominantly Mercer and McDowell Counties. In addition to his reporting, Archer wrote a number of local history books as well as articles for publications other than the Bluefield paper.  ","The largest part of the collection, six boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County; subsequent criminal and civil court cases; and Congressional oversight hearings.  Another significant part of the collection, two boxes of records and three of artifacts, focuses on John Forbes Nash Jr., 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics and a Bluefield native.  The files document Nash's time in Bluefield and at Bluefield State College, his family, and his career.  The Nash files also include reporting and research materials about the book and film,  A Beautiful Mind , about Nash's life and work.  ","Archer researched all aspects of coal country life.  Significant topics covered by him include music originating in the area, local African American culture and history, hometown heroes, disasters such as flooding and crashes, famous people connected to the area, court cases, coal mining and mining disasters, communities and their services, and transportation.  Of particular note, the collection documents Archer's trip to Japan in 1996 for the Interassociation for Ecology Symposia (INTECOL) on wood and forestry.  ","Photographs in the collection, mostly contemporary, detail many events during the time of Archer's reporting.  Of particular note are those by Melvin \"Mel\" Grubb, a long time photographer for  The Bluefield Daily Telegraph . The collection also includes a number of other media formats such as films and recordings.  ","And finally, throughout the collection there are a large number of Archer's newspaper columns which demonstrate the process of writing newspaper stories beginning with interview notes and ending with the final articles.  Also included are his writings in other literary forms such as local histories, stories, poems, and songs. Some stories and a cookbook were written under the pseudonym Richard Lucas.  ","Twelve compact discs of performances by Archer and Miller are found in Box 28.  Particularly represented in the collection is Archer's work on the musical \"Bramwell--100\" about the 100th anniversary of the town of Bramwell. A compact disc of the music and narration is one of those in Box 28. Digital files of his compositions include 131 files consisting of the compact disk recordings as well as the text of an essay reflecting on music; and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller.  ","In addition to the compact discs, Box 28 also contains handwritten and typed Archer compositions and includes love songs to his wife Evonda.  ","The collection consists of the following series:","Series 1. Keystone Bank \nSeries 2. John Nash  \nSeries 3. Subjects \nSeries 4. Photographs and Other Media \nSeries 5. Writings ","The Keystone Bank files (Boxes 5, 9-13) consist mostly of facsimile copies, sent by fax machines, of court proceedings regarding the historic collapse in 1999 of the First National Bank of Keystone in McDowell County, as well as research materials and handwritten notes of court proceedings and interviews. The series also contains artist sketches of court proceedings; two baseball caps; a bomber jacket; and other memorabilia (Boxes 20-22).","The John Forbes Nash, Jr. (1928-2015) was born in Bluefield, and was the 1994 recipient of the Nobel Prize for Economics for his work in the mathematics of game theory.  His biography,  A Beautiful Mind  (1998) by Sylvia Nasar, frankly discussed his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia and led to a major motion picture by the same name (2001). His materials (Boxes 15 and 16) consist of numerous tributes to him; correspondence between Archer and Nash and correspondence with Nash's sister, Martha Legg; correspondence with Sylvia Nasar; and promotional and press materials for the film A Beautiful Mind.  Artifacts (Boxes 25-27) for the film include a jacket, two T-shirts, and a baseball cap.","Digital materials include: identifier: 4388_digitran_4, which contains 24 jpeg photos related to Archer's work on John Nash. Identifier: 4388_disc6_b16_f14 contains the files for the DVD of the 2002 Bluefield Chamber of Commerce Dinner.","Series 1 and 2 document the specific subjects of the Keystone Bank and John Nash respectively.  Series 3 covers a wide range of subject matter relating to Mercer and McDowell Counties including community events; people in and connected to the area; and the history of local communities, including extensive coverage of the African American community and Bluefield State College among other topics. Formats for additional subjects include original newspaper clippings and copies from microfilm, handwritten interviews and story notes, correspondence, and original and facsimiles of research materials.  Archer's research materials and reporting on various topics are scattered throughout the collection (Boxes 1-3, 5-9, 14, 17-20, 22-23).","Music CD containing one track by Darnell Miller called, \"If Swinging Doors Don't Get Me, Lonesome Will\". Identifier: 4388_disc2_b1_f9","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about Bluefield, WV in the 1950s and 1960s by J. Franklin Long. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk2_b2_f10.","Includes brief biography and photo of Herbert \"Hub\" Hunter; photo Tazewell, VA; photo telephone operators; aerial photo of mine operation; photo of former Welch Lions Club members; football themed sketch of \"Stubby;\" computer CD of photos of elderly African-Americans at a birthday party (identifier: 4388_disc1_b7_f15); facsimile of 1911 NY Times about Bluefield incident and offer of an historical accounting; rescue squad recognition program, facsimile of web page about child survivor of Buchenwald and Max Kammer photo exhibit newspaper article; \"Songs of Yesterday\" booklet.","An Adobe Pro pdf file sent by William Archer as an attachment to an email.  The facsimile was probably scanned from an original. It is accompanied by an html file which is a copy of the West Virginia Division of Culture and History's webpage on Tyler Edward Hill, whom Archer believes authored the booklet. The booklet also includes a brief mention of the story that inpsired Archer's unfinished writing, \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","The collection contains a significant number of photographs, negatives, and some photos on CD and are dispersed throughout William Archer's papers.  Most of the photographs date from the 1990s and early 2000s, although some are older, of places, events, and people in Mercer and McDowell Counties. Other  formats include a motion picture film, books, videocassette recordings, sound audiocassette recordings, phonograph records, maps, and artwork.  Artifacts include jackets, t-shirts, baseball caps, and other objects.  (Boxes 1-3, 6-7, 17, 20)","This folder also contains a floppy disk with two files containing information about the Gary Country Club in McDowell County. To access these files, request identifier 4388_disk1_b1_f6.","The identifier for the image on CD, Vera Pocahontas Mine, No. 3, \"Day Shift\" Landgraff, WV, July 9-19, 1940, is 4388_disc3_b1_f35.","Oral history content consists of two published CDs titled \"Folks Are Talking: Oral Histories from the 1970s Gathered by Garret Mathews\". Garret Mathews was a writer for the Bluefield Daily Telegraph. The identifier for the oral history content is 4388_disc5_b7_f10 and the discs contain 33 tracks total.","\"Four for Bluefield\", identifier: 4388_disc22_b17_f10 is a copy of a CD in box 28 and can be accessed by requesting Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"J.E. Martin House Project\", identifier 4388_disc21_b17_f10, consists of videos of the J.E. Martin House in Bluefield, WV and work on the house.","Two jpeg images of six individuals, one of whom is William Archer, in formal attire. The files were originally found on a disc, however, the disc was unable to be found. Identifier: 4388_disc23_missing.","This series includes newspaper columns written by Bill Archer on various topics (Boxes 1-6, 8, 14, 19, 24) as well as magazine articles and liteary forms he wrote.  Additional examples of his writing are scattered throughout all the series.  Most of the newspaper articles are original clippings, but some are facsimiles. Box 4 contains an extensive collection of his opinion pieces, and Box 28 contains magazine articles written by Archer.  The articles are from  Coal People Magazine ,  Goldenseal ,  Wonderful West Virginia , and a few other publications. Literary foms found throughout the collection include stories, poems, lyrics, and histories, both typed and handwritten. ","\nDigital files of his compositions include 120 files consisting of the text of an essay reflecting on music, and songs, written and performed by Archer and Karl Miller, copied from 12 compact computer discs.   ","Two electronic files, one a proposal for a book titled  The Under Thirty Minute Meals of Richard Lucas , a pseudonym for William Archer, and the other a section of the book \"Wok like a Man.\" The book proposal seems to have been a compilation of previously written columns. Files are in Microsoft Word format, as sent by William Archer in 2019. Identifier: 4388_digitran_2.","Two electronic Word documents emailed by William Archer.  One is a synopsis for a \"fact-based work of fiction\" titled \"Cinder Bottom.\"  The other is the start of a story titled \"White Slavery in Cinder Bottom\" and is about a young woman lured into prostitution by promise of a job. Identifier: 4388_digitran_3","Manuscript, edited by Archer's wife Evonda, for a story about protesting the Vietnam War and titled \"What Did You Do?\" The document, a  Adobe Acrobat Pro pdf file, was sent attached to an email.  At the end of the digital file are facsimiles of a 1967  Bluefield Daily Telegraph  newspaper article in two pages about the youth protests against the war.  Another digital file is a photograph of a war protest button, \"Confront the Warmakers, Oct. 21st, Wash. D.C. Support Our Boys in Vietnam--Bring Them Home\". Identifier: 4388_digitran_1.","Compact discs include: \n Stu and Bill Archer, the Archer Brothers , 21 songs; track 5 \"Cackleburr Drive\" written by Archer in 1971, all other songs assumed to be by written by others.\n Bramwell 100 Year Celebration ; music and narration\n Coalfield Visions, 1990 ; 10 songs, \"Cha[r]lton Singers featured on track 7, 'Route 52'\n Two for Pocahontas ; 2 songs: '114 Miners' \u0026 'Pocahontas Mine Song'\n Gaining Momentum ; 7 songs\n project duo ; 17 songs; \"Most songs were re-recordings except John Nash song\n Merry, Merry Christmas ; 10 songs written by others\n Four for Bluefield ; 4 songs; \"Remix of 4 Bluefield songs from  Project Duo , 'Land of Misted Mountains,' 'Lemonade Song,' 'Route 52,' 'John F. Nash of Bluefield'\n Sounds of the Hills, Volume 1 or 2 , 9 songs; \"Music celebrating our region's history and heritage, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Glory in the Gospel, Volume 2 or 2 , 10 songs; \"Music of praise and worship in His holy name, as performed live on April 18, 2007, at the Ya'Sou Deli in Kimball, West Virginia\n Solid as the Bank of Kimball and the Wheelbarrow , 2 songs; \"Remix of 'Wheelbarrow Song' and 'Bank of Bramwell' to promote re-open of Bank in 2007\"\n \nAll content is retained as digital files, as well. These CDs are part of 4388 ADD 2020-02.","Identifier: 4388_disc9_box28. \"Music \u0026 Narration from Bramwell 100\", the 100th anniversary of the founding of Bramwell. Dated July 30, 1988 with \"Remix 2020\" written on the CD. 16 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc10_box28. \"Gaining Momentum\", 7 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. Recorded 1992.","Identifier: 4388_disc11_box28. \"Solid as the Bank of Bramwell\", 2 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc12_box28. \"Coalfield Visions Remake 1993\", 10 .wav files. Album by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc13_box28. \"Two for Pocahontas\", 2 .wav files. Repackaged 1990 recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc14_box28. \"Coalfield Visions\", original recording, 10 .wav files. Recordings by Bill Archer and Karl Miller.","Identifier: 4388_disc15_box28. \"The Archer Brothers\" by Stu and Bill Archer. 21 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc16_box28. \"project duo\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 17 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc17_box28. \"Merry, Merry Christmas\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc18_box28. \"Four for Bluefield\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 4 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc19_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 1\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 9 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_disc20_box28. \"Sounds of the Hills: Live from Kimball, Part 2\" by Bill Archer and Karl Miller. 10 .wav files.","Identifier: 4388_add_2020-02_digtran_05. Word doc titled, \"Bill Archer Songs 1971-1995\" by Bill Archer. Autobiographical writings on his musical works, including historical background and lyrics."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eWilderness\u003c/title\u003e by Vance G. Martin\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eThe Crozers of Upland\u003c/title\u003e by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eLegendary Local of McDowell County\u003c/title\u003e by William Archer\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle\u003eThe Bramwell Breeze\u003c/title\u003e 1911/1912\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Items transferred to the Rare Books Librarian:","Wilderness  by Vance G. Martin","The Crozers of Upland  by David A. MacQueen -- Rare book","Legendary Local of McDowell County  by William Archer","The Bramwell Breeze  1911/1912"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_cf33e0a1b957c44f683ffcdbbe87924c\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)","Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","First National Bank of Keystone (W. Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Archer, William","Nash, John F., Jr., 1928-2015"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":481,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T00:43:26.630Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6481_c03_c87"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c91","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"5th Virginia Infantry","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c91#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c91","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c91"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c91","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records"],"text":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records","5th Virginia Infantry","box 41","folder 26"],"title_filing_ssi":"5th Virginia Infantry","title_ssm":["5th Virginia Infantry"],"title_tesim":["5th Virginia Infantry"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["n.d., 1861-1865, 1967-1969, 1974-1975, 1985, 1991, 1997, 1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["5th Virginia Infantry"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":437,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"containers_ssim":["box 41","folder 26"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#90","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1974.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Robertson, James I., Papers","title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1849-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1849-2011"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1994.021"],"text":["Ms.1994.021","James I. Robertson Jr. Papers","Virginia","Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History","Collection is open to research.","Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. ","American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. ","The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.","The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus","The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1994.021"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"collection_ssim":["James I. Robertson Jr. Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"places_ssim":["Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robertson Papers were donated by James I. and Elizabeth Robertson in several accessions from 1992 until 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Civil War","Faculty and staff","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["30.4 Cubic Feet 43 boxes and 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I: Writings, 1981-2004\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eJackson \u0026amp; Lee\u003c/title\u003e, for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II: General Materials, 1862-1996\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series I: Writings, 1981-2004  This series contains research notes, manuscript and typescript drafts, edited working copies, master copies and galley proofs for 10 books and two articles published between 1982 and 2004. The series is arranged by the works' chronological order of publication. The materials for each work are arranged in chronological order, according to the dates supplied. (Where dates were unavailable, the sequence was determined by comparing the different drafts.) The drafts include revisions made by Robertson and others (identified in the individual folder descriptions, when possible). The series' holdings are not comprehensive and do not include every draft of every work. The subseries for  Jackson \u0026 Lee , for example, contains only a typescript draft of a single chapter. ","Series II: General Materials, 1862-1996  All materials not directly related to the writing and publication of Robertson's works are assembled within this series, which includes items pertaining to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park, manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson, a list of articles written by Robertson and assorted ephemera. Materials are arranged by function. ","Series III: Virginia County Records, 1852-2005  This series contains records of Virginia counties during and after the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series IV: Virginia Unit Records, 1849-2011  This series contains records of Virginia  units during the American Civil War, including xeroxed sets of letters as well as additional records of individuals and other ephemeral material.","Series V: Oversize Materials, [1982?]-2000, n.d.  This series consists of oversize galley proofs which were too large to be filed in Series I. Items in this series are arranged according to the order in which they would have been filed had they remained in Series I. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAmerican Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eSoldiers Blue and Gray\u003c/title\u003e (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1991), \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGeneral A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior\u003c/title\u003e; and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend\u003c/title\u003e (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers: \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCivil War! America Becomes One Nation\u003c/title\u003e (1992) and \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eStanding Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson\u003c/title\u003e (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["American Civil War historian and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, James I. \"Bud\" Robertson, Jr. (1930-2019) was born in Danville, Virginia. After graduating from Randolph-Macon College (B.A., 1955), Robertson obtained his M.A. (1956) and Ph.D. (1959) at Emory University and served as a teaching fellow (instructor in history) at Emory from 1958 to 1959. From 1959 to 1961, Robertson served as editor of Civil War History, a quarterly journal published by the University of Iowa. In 1961, he was appointed executive director of the National Civil War Centennial Commission by President John F. Kennedy and served until 1965, supervising the national observance of the Civil War centenary. Robertson served as professor of history at the University of Montana from 1965 until 1967, when he joined the faculty of Virginia Tech. He served as History Department head from 1969 to 1977, and was C. P. Miles Professor of History from 1977 to 1992. He became Alumni Distinguished Professor of History in 1992. ","Robertson has authored many award-winning scholarly books on Civil War-related topics, including  Soldiers Blue and Gray  (1988) (nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in History),  Civil War Virginia: Battleground for a Nation  (1991),  General A. P. Hill: The Story of a Confederate Warrior ; and  Stonewall Jackson: The Man, the Soldier, the Legend  (1997). He has also written two books for younger readers:  Civil War! America Becomes One Nation  (1992) and  Standing Like a Stone Wall: the Life of General Thomas J. Jackson  (2001). Robertson has been a contributing author and editor for several other works; his articles, too numerous to list here, have appeared in many encyclopedias, Civil War magazines and historical society journals. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], James I. Robertson Jr. Papers, Accession, Ms1994-021, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAccession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Accession I was processed in May 1996 by Helen Harrison, student assistant, and Laura Katz Smith, manuscripts curator. Processing, arrangement and description of Accession II commenced in September 2002 and was completed in November 2002. The two accessions were merged at this time. Additional accessions processed by Miles Abernethy from Janruary to May 2022 and August 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Dennis Frye\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Richard Harwell\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith author's final corrections; 4 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's final corrections; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Charles Roland\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Gary Gallagher\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eincorporating publisher's revisions\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith publisher's comments; 2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by author\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ewith corrections by unidentified person\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003elimited edition signed print by Brian Kraus\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents note"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of James I. Robertson Jr., American Civil War historian, author, and Alumni Distinguished Professor of History at Virginia Tech, span the dates 1849 to 2011 and are comprised of writings, research papers, and collected original materials for the Civil War and the Commonwealth of Virginia. The writings consist of materials (research notes, manuscript drafts, typescript drafts and galley proofs) related to the writing and publication of a portion of Robertson's books and articles between 1982 and 2004, a large collection of notes and records of Virginia county and Civil War activity, and a collection of Virginia Civil War unit notes, records, and correspondence. Some general materials includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park and a few manuscript drafts for various speeches made by Robertson.","Introduction; Pre-1848; Post-Mexican War; Coming of War; Williamsburg; Promotion to Brigadier General; Mechanicsville; Gaines' Mill; Frayser's Farm; End of Seven Days' Campaign; Cedar Mountain; Second Manassas; Antietam Creek; Fredericksburg; Chancellorsville; Gettysburg; Bristoe Station; Wilderness; Petersburg; 1865","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Beth Brown, Richard Harwell and Random House","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Beth Brown","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Ed Raus","with corrections by Robert Krick and Ed Raus","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by Dennis Frye","with corrections by Richard Harwell","with corrections by author","with corrections by Elizabeth Robertson, Harry Pfanz and Beth Brown","with corrections by Beth Brown and Chris Calkins","with author's final corrections; 4 folders","with publisher's final corrections; 2 folders","with publisher's comments","with corrections by author","with corrections by Ludwell Johnson (chapters 1-5 only)","with corrections by Charles Roland","with corrections by Gary Gallagher","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","incorporating publisher's revisions","with publisher's comments; 2 folders","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by Lowell Reidenbaugh","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by author","with corrections by unidentified person","with corrections by unidentified person","limited edition signed print by Brian Kraus"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBarringer, Paul B. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNarrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEchoes of 1861-1961\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohnston, J. Ambler. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table\u003c/title\u003e ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilshin, Francis. \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eManassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia\u003c/title\u003e (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following publications have been separated to the Rare Books Collection of VT Special Collections and University Archives:","Barringer, Paul B.  Narrative of Pilgrimage to Cedar Mountain and Manassas Battlefields, September 4-5, 1968  ([Richmond?: s.n., 1968?]) E472.183 N377 1968 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  Echoes of 1861-1961  ([Richmond]: privately printed, 1970) F227 .J6 1970 c.3 Civil War Spec","Johnston, J. Ambler.  The Civil War 1861-1865 in Arkansas and Missouri: Notes on the April, 1967 Trip of the Chicago Civil War Round Table  ([Richmond]: Distributed by the Virginia State Penitentiary, 1967) E470.4 .J647 1967 c.2 Civil War Spec","Wilshin, Francis.  Manassas (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park, Virginia  (Washington D.C., 1957) Docs I 29.58:15/2 Civil War Spec"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_591a58887f476736372340a2230c0d66\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes research notes, manuscripts, typescript drafts, working copies and galley proofs for books and articles written by Virginia Tech's Alumni Distinguished Professor of History James I. Robertson Jr., 1982-2001. Large collection of notes, papers, and correspondence relateing to Virginia Civil War counties and units. Also contains a small set of general materials which includes items related to the preservation of lands adjacent to Manassas National Battlefield Park."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Robertson, James I., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Robertson, James I., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":516,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1974_c04_c91"}},{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c41","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"5 unidentified Catalinas at Colonial Williamsburg.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c41#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c41","ref_ssm":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c41"],"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c41","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04","parent_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04","parent_ssim":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection","Photographs","Binder 5","Catalinas Scrapbook 1980-1981"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection","Photographs","Binder 5","Catalinas Scrapbook 1980-1981"],"text":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection","Photographs","Binder 5","Catalinas Scrapbook 1980-1981","5 unidentified Catalinas at Colonial Williamsburg.","Binder 05"],"title_filing_ssi":"5 unidentified Catalinas at Colonial Williamsburg.","title_ssm":["5 unidentified Catalinas at Colonial Williamsburg."],"title_tesim":["5 unidentified Catalinas at Colonial Williamsburg."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1980-1981"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1980/1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["5 unidentified Catalinas at Colonial Williamsburg."],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"collection_ssim":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"extent_ssm":["1 Photographic Prints"],"extent_tesim":["1 Photographic Prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":179,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981],"containers_ssim":["Binder 05"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#0/components#3/components#40","timestamp":"2026-05-20T19:31:31.307Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_2_resources_182.xml","title_ssm":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"title_tesim":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1901-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["LU.083","/repositories/2/resources/182"],"text":["LU.083","/repositories/2/resources/182","Delta Psi Kappa Collection","Physical education and training.","Physical education for women.","Women -- Societies and clubs.","Health education -- Study and teaching (Higher)","There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.","Delta Psi Kappa, a women's physical education honorary society, was founded in 1916 at the Normal College of the American Gymnastic Union. Its original purpose was to further the aims and ideals of the profession of physical education. Included in the ranks of the organization is Gertrude Ederle, the first woman to swim the English Channel. Turnverein, Longwood's local honorary physical education society, became a chapter of Delta Psi Kappa in March of 1968. The organization was active on campus until about 2003.","This collection was transferred from the Athletics Department to the Greenwood Library Archives in the summer of 2008.","The Delta Psi Kappa Collection, which ranges in date from 1901 to 2002, includes a variety of print materials, scrapbook materials, photograph albums with photographs and slides of sporting events, physical education classes, and social gatherings at Longwood College.","Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association","Longwood University. Athletics","Longwood University -- : Greek letter societies.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["LU.083","/repositories/2/resources/182"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Longwood University"],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"creator_ssm":["Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association"],"creator_ssim":["Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association"],"creators_ssim":["Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Physical education and training.","Physical education for women.","Women -- Societies and clubs.","Health education -- Study and teaching (Higher)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Physical education and training.","Physical education for women.","Women -- Societies and clubs.","Health education -- Study and teaching (Higher)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.15 Linear Feet 1 legal-sized Hollinger box, 1 bankers box, 1 flat box","1777 Photographic Prints 3 archival photograph binders"],"extent_tesim":["3.15 Linear Feet 1 legal-sized Hollinger box, 1 bankers box, 1 flat box","1777 Photographic Prints 3 archival photograph binders"],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":[" Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDelta Psi Kappa, a women's physical education honorary society, was founded in 1916 at the Normal College of the American Gymnastic Union. Its original purpose was to further the aims and ideals of the profession of physical education. Included in the ranks of the organization is Gertrude Ederle, the first woman to swim the English Channel. Turnverein, Longwood's local honorary physical education society, became a chapter of Delta Psi Kappa in March of 1968. The organization was active on campus until about 2003.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical sketch"],"bioghist_tesim":["Delta Psi Kappa, a women's physical education honorary society, was founded in 1916 at the Normal College of the American Gymnastic Union. Its original purpose was to further the aims and ideals of the profession of physical education. Included in the ranks of the organization is Gertrude Ederle, the first woman to swim the English Channel. Turnverein, Longwood's local honorary physical education society, became a chapter of Delta Psi Kappa in March of 1968. The organization was active on campus until about 2003."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was transferred from the Athletics Department to the Greenwood Library Archives in the summer of 2008.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Ownership and Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was transferred from the Athletics Department to the Greenwood Library Archives in the summer of 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Delta Psi Kappa Collection, which ranges in date from 1901 to 2002, includes a variety of print materials, scrapbook materials, photograph albums with photographs and slides of sporting events, physical education classes, and social gatherings at Longwood College.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Delta Psi Kappa Collection, which ranges in date from 1901 to 2002, includes a variety of print materials, scrapbook materials, photograph albums with photographs and slides of sporting events, physical education classes, and social gatherings at Longwood College."],"names_coll_ssim":["Longwood University. Athletics","Longwood University -- : Greek letter societies.","Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa"],"names_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association","Longwood University. Athletics","Longwood University -- : Greek letter societies."],"corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association","Longwood University. Athletics","Longwood University -- : Greek letter societies."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":651,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T19:31:31.307Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c41"}},{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c42","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"5 unidentified Catalinas in pool.","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c42#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c42","ref_ssm":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c42"],"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c42","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04","parent_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04","parent_ssim":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01","vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection","Photographs","Binder 5","Catalinas Scrapbook 1980-1981"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection","Photographs","Binder 5","Catalinas Scrapbook 1980-1981"],"text":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection","Photographs","Binder 5","Catalinas Scrapbook 1980-1981","5 unidentified Catalinas in pool.","Binder 05"],"title_filing_ssi":"5 unidentified Catalinas in pool.","title_ssm":["5 unidentified Catalinas in pool."],"title_tesim":["5 unidentified Catalinas in pool."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1980-1981"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1980/1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["5 unidentified Catalinas in pool."],"component_level_isim":[4],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"collection_ssim":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"extent_ssm":["1 Photographic Prints"],"extent_tesim":["1 Photographic Prints"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":180,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"date_range_isim":[1980,1981],"containers_ssim":["Binder 05"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#0/components#3/components#41","timestamp":"2026-05-20T19:31:31.307Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","ead_ssi":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","_root_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","_nest_parent_":"vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/LONG/repositories_2_resources_182.xml","title_ssm":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"title_tesim":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1901-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1901-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["LU.083","/repositories/2/resources/182"],"text":["LU.083","/repositories/2/resources/182","Delta Psi Kappa Collection","Physical education and training.","Physical education for women.","Women -- Societies and clubs.","Health education -- Study and teaching (Higher)","There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.","Delta Psi Kappa, a women's physical education honorary society, was founded in 1916 at the Normal College of the American Gymnastic Union. Its original purpose was to further the aims and ideals of the profession of physical education. Included in the ranks of the organization is Gertrude Ederle, the first woman to swim the English Channel. Turnverein, Longwood's local honorary physical education society, became a chapter of Delta Psi Kappa in March of 1968. The organization was active on campus until about 2003.","This collection was transferred from the Athletics Department to the Greenwood Library Archives in the summer of 2008.","The Delta Psi Kappa Collection, which ranges in date from 1901 to 2002, includes a variety of print materials, scrapbook materials, photograph albums with photographs and slides of sporting events, physical education classes, and social gatherings at Longwood College.","Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association","Longwood University. Athletics","Longwood University -- : Greek letter societies.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["LU.083","/repositories/2/resources/182"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Delta Psi Kappa Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Longwood University"],"repository_ssim":["Longwood University"],"creator_ssm":["Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association"],"creator_ssim":["Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association"],"creators_ssim":["Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Physical education and training.","Physical education for women.","Women -- Societies and clubs.","Health education -- Study and teaching (Higher)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Physical education and training.","Physical education for women.","Women -- Societies and clubs.","Health education -- Study and teaching (Higher)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.15 Linear Feet 1 legal-sized Hollinger box, 1 bankers box, 1 flat box","1777 Photographic Prints 3 archival photograph binders"],"extent_tesim":["3.15 Linear Feet 1 legal-sized Hollinger box, 1 bankers box, 1 flat box","1777 Photographic Prints 3 archival photograph binders"],"date_range_isim":[1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":[" Restrictions on Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions to access or use for research purposes."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDelta Psi Kappa, a women's physical education honorary society, was founded in 1916 at the Normal College of the American Gymnastic Union. Its original purpose was to further the aims and ideals of the profession of physical education. Included in the ranks of the organization is Gertrude Ederle, the first woman to swim the English Channel. Turnverein, Longwood's local honorary physical education society, became a chapter of Delta Psi Kappa in March of 1968. The organization was active on campus until about 2003.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical sketch"],"bioghist_tesim":["Delta Psi Kappa, a women's physical education honorary society, was founded in 1916 at the Normal College of the American Gymnastic Union. Its original purpose was to further the aims and ideals of the profession of physical education. Included in the ranks of the organization is Gertrude Ederle, the first woman to swim the English Channel. Turnverein, Longwood's local honorary physical education society, became a chapter of Delta Psi Kappa in March of 1968. The organization was active on campus until about 2003."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was transferred from the Athletics Department to the Greenwood Library Archives in the summer of 2008.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Ownership and Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["This collection was transferred from the Athletics Department to the Greenwood Library Archives in the summer of 2008."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Delta Psi Kappa Collection, which ranges in date from 1901 to 2002, includes a variety of print materials, scrapbook materials, photograph albums with photographs and slides of sporting events, physical education classes, and social gatherings at Longwood College.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Delta Psi Kappa Collection, which ranges in date from 1901 to 2002, includes a variety of print materials, scrapbook materials, photograph albums with photographs and slides of sporting events, physical education classes, and social gatherings at Longwood College."],"names_coll_ssim":["Longwood University. Athletics","Longwood University -- : Greek letter societies.","Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa"],"names_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association","Longwood University. Athletics","Longwood University -- : Greek letter societies."],"corpname_ssim":["Greenwood Library Archives and Special Collections","Delta Psi Kappa","Turnverein","Phi Epsilon Kappa","Longwood University. Athletic Association","Longwood University. Athletics","Longwood University -- : Greek letter societies."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":651,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T19:31:31.307Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifarl_repositories_2_resources_182_c05_c01_c04_c42"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c243","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"#605:  Burgwald--multiple appellants protest local's handling of their grievance regarding layoff-related transfers","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c243#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c243","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c243"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c243","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_580","viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_580","viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Frank W. McCulloch papers","Sub-series I:  Public Review Board of the United Automobile Workers (U. A.W.) Labor Relations Review Board  (boxes 1-46)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Frank W. McCulloch papers","Sub-series I:  Public Review Board of the United Automobile Workers (U. A.W.) Labor Relations Review Board  (boxes 1-46)"],"text":["Frank W. McCulloch papers","Sub-series I:  Public Review Board of the United Automobile Workers (U. A.W.) Labor Relations Review Board  (boxes 1-46)","#605:  Burgwald--multiple appellants protest local's handling of their grievance regarding layoff-related transfers","box MSS 85-13, Box 32"],"title_filing_ssi":"#605:  Burgwald--multiple appellants protest local's handling of their grievance regarding layoff-related transfers","title_ssm":["#605:  Burgwald--multiple appellants protest local's handling of their grievance regarding layoff-related transfers"],"title_tesim":["#605:  Burgwald--multiple appellants protest local's handling of their grievance regarding layoff-related transfers"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1981-83"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["#605:  Burgwald--multiple appellants protest local's handling of their grievance regarding layoff-related transfers"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":245,"date_range_isim":[1981],"containers_ssim":["box MSS 85-13, Box 32"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#242","timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:23:27.733Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_580.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/107197","title_ssm":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"title_tesim":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1960 - 1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1960 - 1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.85.13","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/580"],"text":["MSS.85.13","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/580","Frank W. McCulloch papers","Labor unions -- United States","Labor laws and legislation, International","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","clippings (information artifacts)","photographs","Born in Evanston, Illinois, Frank Waugh McCulloch was the son of two lawyers, both of whom were active in civic and social causes. He attended Williams College, where he received his AB degree in 1926, and Harvard University, where he received his LLB in 1929. From 1930 to 1935 McCulloch worked by day for the Chicago firm of Sonnenschein, Berkson, Lautmann, Levinson \u0026 Morse, and in the evenings he did social settlement work in the Chicago Commons. From 1935 to 1946, he was the Industrial Relations Secretary for the Council for Social Action of the Congregational Christian Churches of America at its Chicago office. In 1940 he was appointed director of the James Mullenbach Industrial Institute, a joint project of the Chicago Congregational Union and the Council for Social Action, for which he worked until 1946. In addition, McCulloch was active in a great variety of organizations, including the Chicago Chapter of the League For Industrial Democracy, the North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy, the Union for Democratic Action, the Executive Committee of Americans for Democratic Action, the Conscientious Objector's Information and Service Bureau, the Chicago Workers Committee on Unemployment, the American Society for Cultural Relations with Russia, and the Mid-West Institute of International Relations.","In 1946 he became director of the Labor Education Division of Roosevelt University, a position he resigned in 1949 in order to become an administrative assistant to U.S. Senator Paul H. Douglas of Illinois. He held this post until President John F. Kennedy appointed him Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board in 1961, and Lyndon B. Johnson reappointed him to a second term. A firm believer in industrial democracy, McCulloch remained in his position at the NLRB for ten years and then joined the law faculty at the University of Virginia. His courses included Labor Law and Labor Law in Action. From 1971 to 1988 he served on the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. In 1972 he became a member of the Virginia Commission on Public Employee Rights, serving for four years. In 1974 he was appointed to succeed former Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren on the Committee of Experts of the International Labor Organization, a United Nations agency, where he served until 1985. For ten years, starting in 1977, he was a member of the Albemarle County Industrial Development Authority. He died in 1996.","This collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law after his retirement from the National Labor Relations Board. The collection contains case files and annual reports  from Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers (1971-1987); public employee rights; documents on the ILO and the United States S withdrawal from the organization; correspondence, miscellaneous files and published materials.   ","The collection is divided in the four series. Series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 1970's. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program beginning in 1971, and the Series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally, in Series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.","This collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law since his retirement for the NLRB. The collection is divided in the four sub-series. Sub-series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Sub-series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 70's. He has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program since 1971, and the Sub-series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally in Sub-series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[4 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[4 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[7 folders]","[7 folders]","[9 folders]","[4 folders]","[13 folders]","[6 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[8 folders]","[19 folders]","[5 folders]","[4 folders]","[6 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","This addendum of documents pertains to McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers from the years 1985 - 1987.","[3 folders]","This collection documents McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. It also contains the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers Annual Reports from 1970 through 1986.","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","This collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers.","[3 folders]","Frank W. Mc Culloch was appointed member of the Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations of the International Labor Organization [ILO] in November of 1974 and was an active member of the organization until his resignation in August of 1985. The documents reflect the work of the organization and the weight the ILO had in issues such as the Solidarity Movement in Poland. Researchers can find important documents about the USA withdrawal from the ILO and the effort of major figures in the labor movement to discourage that action.","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","This collection consists primarily of McCulloch's papers as Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board and is organized in two sets. The first contains primarily congratulatory letters, newspapers clippings, speeches, lectures, etc. as well as other matters relating to his tenure at the NLRB. The second comprise miscellaneous papers related to his work as a specialist in labor matters after 1971.","[4 folders]","[5 folders]","his small addendum to the Papers of Frank W. McCulloch contains odds and ends of files represented in the whole of this collection.","[3 folders] [Incomplete Set]","[4 folders]","[3 folders]","This collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","International Labor Organization","International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America","Legal Services Corporation","Migrant Legal Action Program","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Virginia. Commission to Study the Rights of Public Employees","McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.85.13","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/580"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"collection_ssim":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"creator_ssim":["McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"creators_ssim":["McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was given to the Law School by Frank W. McCulloch in June of 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1993, and 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Labor unions -- United States","Labor laws and legislation, International","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","clippings (information artifacts)","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Labor unions -- United States","Labor laws and legislation, International","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","clippings (information artifacts)","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42 Linear Feet 105 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42 Linear Feet 105 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)","photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Evanston, Illinois, Frank Waugh McCulloch was the son of two lawyers, both of whom were active in civic and social causes. He attended Williams College, where he received his AB degree in 1926, and Harvard University, where he received his LLB in 1929. From 1930 to 1935 McCulloch worked by day for the Chicago firm of Sonnenschein, Berkson, Lautmann, Levinson \u0026amp; Morse, and in the evenings he did social settlement work in the Chicago Commons. From 1935 to 1946, he was the Industrial Relations Secretary for the Council for Social Action of the Congregational Christian Churches of America at its Chicago office. In 1940 he was appointed director of the James Mullenbach Industrial Institute, a joint project of the Chicago Congregational Union and the Council for Social Action, for which he worked until 1946. In addition, McCulloch was active in a great variety of organizations, including the Chicago Chapter of the League For Industrial Democracy, the North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy, the Union for Democratic Action, the Executive Committee of Americans for Democratic Action, the Conscientious Objector's Information and Service Bureau, the Chicago Workers Committee on Unemployment, the American Society for Cultural Relations with Russia, and the Mid-West Institute of International Relations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1946 he became director of the Labor Education Division of Roosevelt University, a position he resigned in 1949 in order to become an administrative assistant to U.S. Senator Paul H. Douglas of Illinois. He held this post until President John F. Kennedy appointed him Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board in 1961, and Lyndon B. Johnson reappointed him to a second term. A firm believer in industrial democracy, McCulloch remained in his position at the NLRB for ten years and then joined the law faculty at the University of Virginia. His courses included Labor Law and Labor Law in Action. From 1971 to 1988 he served on the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. In 1972 he became a member of the Virginia Commission on Public Employee Rights, serving for four years. In 1974 he was appointed to succeed former Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren on the Committee of Experts of the International Labor Organization, a United Nations agency, where he served until 1985. For ten years, starting in 1977, he was a member of the Albemarle County Industrial Development Authority. He died in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Evanston, Illinois, Frank Waugh McCulloch was the son of two lawyers, both of whom were active in civic and social causes. He attended Williams College, where he received his AB degree in 1926, and Harvard University, where he received his LLB in 1929. From 1930 to 1935 McCulloch worked by day for the Chicago firm of Sonnenschein, Berkson, Lautmann, Levinson \u0026 Morse, and in the evenings he did social settlement work in the Chicago Commons. From 1935 to 1946, he was the Industrial Relations Secretary for the Council for Social Action of the Congregational Christian Churches of America at its Chicago office. In 1940 he was appointed director of the James Mullenbach Industrial Institute, a joint project of the Chicago Congregational Union and the Council for Social Action, for which he worked until 1946. In addition, McCulloch was active in a great variety of organizations, including the Chicago Chapter of the League For Industrial Democracy, the North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy, the Union for Democratic Action, the Executive Committee of Americans for Democratic Action, the Conscientious Objector's Information and Service Bureau, the Chicago Workers Committee on Unemployment, the American Society for Cultural Relations with Russia, and the Mid-West Institute of International Relations.","In 1946 he became director of the Labor Education Division of Roosevelt University, a position he resigned in 1949 in order to become an administrative assistant to U.S. Senator Paul H. Douglas of Illinois. He held this post until President John F. Kennedy appointed him Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board in 1961, and Lyndon B. Johnson reappointed him to a second term. A firm believer in industrial democracy, McCulloch remained in his position at the NLRB for ten years and then joined the law faculty at the University of Virginia. His courses included Labor Law and Labor Law in Action. From 1971 to 1988 he served on the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. In 1972 he became a member of the Virginia Commission on Public Employee Rights, serving for four years. In 1974 he was appointed to succeed former Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren on the Committee of Experts of the International Labor Organization, a United Nations agency, where he served until 1985. For ten years, starting in 1977, he was a member of the Albemarle County Industrial Development Authority. He died in 1996."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law after his retirement from the National Labor Relations Board. The collection contains case files and annual reports  from Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers (1971-1987); public employee rights; documents on the ILO and the United States S withdrawal from the organization; correspondence, miscellaneous files and published materials.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided in the four series. Series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 1970's. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program beginning in 1971, and the Series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally, in Series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law since his retirement for the NLRB. The collection is divided in the four sub-series. Sub-series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Sub-series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 70's. He has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program since 1971, and the Sub-series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally in Sub-series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[7 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[7 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[9 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[13 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[6 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[8 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[19 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[5 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[6 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum of documents pertains to McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers from the years 1985 - 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. It also contains the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers Annual Reports from 1970 through 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank W. Mc Culloch was appointed member of the Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations of the International Labor Organization [ILO] in November of 1974 and was an active member of the organization until his resignation in August of 1985. The documents reflect the work of the organization and the weight the ILO had in issues such as the Solidarity Movement in Poland. Researchers can find important documents about the USA withdrawal from the ILO and the effort of major figures in the labor movement to discourage that action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists primarily of McCulloch's papers as Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board and is organized in two sets. The first contains primarily congratulatory letters, newspapers clippings, speeches, lectures, etc. as well as other matters relating to his tenure at the NLRB. The second comprise miscellaneous papers related to his work as a specialist in labor matters after 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[5 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ehis small addendum to the Papers of Frank W. McCulloch contains odds and ends of files represented in the whole of this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders] [Incomplete Set]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law after his retirement from the National Labor Relations Board. The collection contains case files and annual reports  from Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers (1971-1987); public employee rights; documents on the ILO and the United States S withdrawal from the organization; correspondence, miscellaneous files and published materials.   ","The collection is divided in the four series. Series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 1970's. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program beginning in 1971, and the Series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally, in Series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.","This collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law since his retirement for the NLRB. The collection is divided in the four sub-series. Sub-series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Sub-series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 70's. He has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program since 1971, and the Sub-series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally in Sub-series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[4 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[4 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[7 folders]","[7 folders]","[9 folders]","[4 folders]","[13 folders]","[6 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[8 folders]","[19 folders]","[5 folders]","[4 folders]","[6 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","This addendum of documents pertains to McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers from the years 1985 - 1987.","[3 folders]","This collection documents McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. It also contains the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers Annual Reports from 1970 through 1986.","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","This collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers.","[3 folders]","Frank W. Mc Culloch was appointed member of the Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations of the International Labor Organization [ILO] in November of 1974 and was an active member of the organization until his resignation in August of 1985. The documents reflect the work of the organization and the weight the ILO had in issues such as the Solidarity Movement in Poland. Researchers can find important documents about the USA withdrawal from the ILO and the effort of major figures in the labor movement to discourage that action.","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","This collection consists primarily of McCulloch's papers as Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board and is organized in two sets. The first contains primarily congratulatory letters, newspapers clippings, speeches, lectures, etc. as well as other matters relating to his tenure at the NLRB. The second comprise miscellaneous papers related to his work as a specialist in labor matters after 1971.","[4 folders]","[5 folders]","his small addendum to the Papers of Frank W. McCulloch contains odds and ends of files represented in the whole of this collection.","[3 folders] [Incomplete Set]","[4 folders]","[3 folders]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers."],"names_coll_ssim":["International Labor Organization","International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America","Legal Services Corporation","Migrant Legal Action Program","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Virginia. Commission to Study the Rights of Public Employees","McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","International Labor Organization","International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America","Legal Services Corporation","Migrant Legal Action Program","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Virginia. Commission to Study the Rights of Public Employees","McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","International Labor Organization","International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America","Legal Services Corporation","Migrant Legal Action Program","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Virginia. Commission to Study the Rights of Public Employees"],"persname_ssim":["McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":739,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:23:27.733Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c243"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c244","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"#606:  Cameron--challenges the composition of a local unit bargaining committee","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c244#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c244","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c244"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c244","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_580","viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_580","viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Frank W. McCulloch papers","Sub-series I:  Public Review Board of the United Automobile Workers (U. A.W.) Labor Relations Review Board  (boxes 1-46)"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Frank W. McCulloch papers","Sub-series I:  Public Review Board of the United Automobile Workers (U. A.W.) Labor Relations Review Board  (boxes 1-46)"],"text":["Frank W. McCulloch papers","Sub-series I:  Public Review Board of the United Automobile Workers (U. A.W.) Labor Relations Review Board  (boxes 1-46)","#606:  Cameron--challenges the composition of a local unit bargaining committee","box MSS 85-13, Box 32"],"title_filing_ssi":"#606:  Cameron--challenges the composition of a local unit bargaining committee","title_ssm":["#606:  Cameron--challenges the composition of a local unit bargaining committee"],"title_tesim":["#606:  Cameron--challenges the composition of a local unit bargaining committee"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1981-83"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["#606:  Cameron--challenges the composition of a local unit bargaining committee"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":246,"date_range_isim":[1981],"containers_ssim":["box MSS 85-13, Box 32"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#243","timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:23:27.733Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_580","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_580.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/107197","title_ssm":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"title_tesim":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1960 - 1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1960 - 1998"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.85.13","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/580"],"text":["MSS.85.13","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/580","Frank W. McCulloch papers","Labor unions -- United States","Labor laws and legislation, International","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","clippings (information artifacts)","photographs","Born in Evanston, Illinois, Frank Waugh McCulloch was the son of two lawyers, both of whom were active in civic and social causes. He attended Williams College, where he received his AB degree in 1926, and Harvard University, where he received his LLB in 1929. From 1930 to 1935 McCulloch worked by day for the Chicago firm of Sonnenschein, Berkson, Lautmann, Levinson \u0026 Morse, and in the evenings he did social settlement work in the Chicago Commons. From 1935 to 1946, he was the Industrial Relations Secretary for the Council for Social Action of the Congregational Christian Churches of America at its Chicago office. In 1940 he was appointed director of the James Mullenbach Industrial Institute, a joint project of the Chicago Congregational Union and the Council for Social Action, for which he worked until 1946. In addition, McCulloch was active in a great variety of organizations, including the Chicago Chapter of the League For Industrial Democracy, the North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy, the Union for Democratic Action, the Executive Committee of Americans for Democratic Action, the Conscientious Objector's Information and Service Bureau, the Chicago Workers Committee on Unemployment, the American Society for Cultural Relations with Russia, and the Mid-West Institute of International Relations.","In 1946 he became director of the Labor Education Division of Roosevelt University, a position he resigned in 1949 in order to become an administrative assistant to U.S. Senator Paul H. Douglas of Illinois. He held this post until President John F. Kennedy appointed him Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board in 1961, and Lyndon B. Johnson reappointed him to a second term. A firm believer in industrial democracy, McCulloch remained in his position at the NLRB for ten years and then joined the law faculty at the University of Virginia. His courses included Labor Law and Labor Law in Action. From 1971 to 1988 he served on the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. In 1972 he became a member of the Virginia Commission on Public Employee Rights, serving for four years. In 1974 he was appointed to succeed former Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren on the Committee of Experts of the International Labor Organization, a United Nations agency, where he served until 1985. For ten years, starting in 1977, he was a member of the Albemarle County Industrial Development Authority. He died in 1996.","This collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law after his retirement from the National Labor Relations Board. The collection contains case files and annual reports  from Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers (1971-1987); public employee rights; documents on the ILO and the United States S withdrawal from the organization; correspondence, miscellaneous files and published materials.   ","The collection is divided in the four series. Series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 1970's. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program beginning in 1971, and the Series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally, in Series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.","This collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law since his retirement for the NLRB. The collection is divided in the four sub-series. Sub-series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Sub-series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 70's. He has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program since 1971, and the Sub-series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally in Sub-series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[4 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[4 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[7 folders]","[7 folders]","[9 folders]","[4 folders]","[13 folders]","[6 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[8 folders]","[19 folders]","[5 folders]","[4 folders]","[6 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","This addendum of documents pertains to McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers from the years 1985 - 1987.","[3 folders]","This collection documents McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. It also contains the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers Annual Reports from 1970 through 1986.","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","This collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers.","[3 folders]","Frank W. Mc Culloch was appointed member of the Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations of the International Labor Organization [ILO] in November of 1974 and was an active member of the organization until his resignation in August of 1985. The documents reflect the work of the organization and the weight the ILO had in issues such as the Solidarity Movement in Poland. Researchers can find important documents about the USA withdrawal from the ILO and the effort of major figures in the labor movement to discourage that action.","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","This collection consists primarily of McCulloch's papers as Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board and is organized in two sets. The first contains primarily congratulatory letters, newspapers clippings, speeches, lectures, etc. as well as other matters relating to his tenure at the NLRB. The second comprise miscellaneous papers related to his work as a specialist in labor matters after 1971.","[4 folders]","[5 folders]","his small addendum to the Papers of Frank W. McCulloch contains odds and ends of files represented in the whole of this collection.","[3 folders] [Incomplete Set]","[4 folders]","[3 folders]","This collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers.","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","International Labor Organization","International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America","Legal Services Corporation","Migrant Legal Action Program","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Virginia. Commission to Study the Rights of Public Employees","McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.85.13","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/580"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"collection_ssim":["Frank W. McCulloch papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"creator_ssim":["McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"creator_persname_ssim":["McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"creators_ssim":["McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was given to the Law School by Frank W. McCulloch in June of 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1993, and 1996."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Labor unions -- United States","Labor laws and legislation, International","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","clippings (information artifacts)","photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Labor unions -- United States","Labor laws and legislation, International","Labor laws and legislation -- United States","Migrant agricultural laborers -- United States","clippings (information artifacts)","photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["42 Linear Feet 105 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["42 Linear Feet 105 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["clippings (information artifacts)","photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Evanston, Illinois, Frank Waugh McCulloch was the son of two lawyers, both of whom were active in civic and social causes. He attended Williams College, where he received his AB degree in 1926, and Harvard University, where he received his LLB in 1929. From 1930 to 1935 McCulloch worked by day for the Chicago firm of Sonnenschein, Berkson, Lautmann, Levinson \u0026amp; Morse, and in the evenings he did social settlement work in the Chicago Commons. From 1935 to 1946, he was the Industrial Relations Secretary for the Council for Social Action of the Congregational Christian Churches of America at its Chicago office. In 1940 he was appointed director of the James Mullenbach Industrial Institute, a joint project of the Chicago Congregational Union and the Council for Social Action, for which he worked until 1946. In addition, McCulloch was active in a great variety of organizations, including the Chicago Chapter of the League For Industrial Democracy, the North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy, the Union for Democratic Action, the Executive Committee of Americans for Democratic Action, the Conscientious Objector's Information and Service Bureau, the Chicago Workers Committee on Unemployment, the American Society for Cultural Relations with Russia, and the Mid-West Institute of International Relations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1946 he became director of the Labor Education Division of Roosevelt University, a position he resigned in 1949 in order to become an administrative assistant to U.S. Senator Paul H. Douglas of Illinois. He held this post until President John F. Kennedy appointed him Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board in 1961, and Lyndon B. Johnson reappointed him to a second term. A firm believer in industrial democracy, McCulloch remained in his position at the NLRB for ten years and then joined the law faculty at the University of Virginia. His courses included Labor Law and Labor Law in Action. From 1971 to 1988 he served on the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. In 1972 he became a member of the Virginia Commission on Public Employee Rights, serving for four years. In 1974 he was appointed to succeed former Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren on the Committee of Experts of the International Labor Organization, a United Nations agency, where he served until 1985. For ten years, starting in 1977, he was a member of the Albemarle County Industrial Development Authority. He died in 1996.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Evanston, Illinois, Frank Waugh McCulloch was the son of two lawyers, both of whom were active in civic and social causes. He attended Williams College, where he received his AB degree in 1926, and Harvard University, where he received his LLB in 1929. From 1930 to 1935 McCulloch worked by day for the Chicago firm of Sonnenschein, Berkson, Lautmann, Levinson \u0026 Morse, and in the evenings he did social settlement work in the Chicago Commons. From 1935 to 1946, he was the Industrial Relations Secretary for the Council for Social Action of the Congregational Christian Churches of America at its Chicago office. In 1940 he was appointed director of the James Mullenbach Industrial Institute, a joint project of the Chicago Congregational Union and the Council for Social Action, for which he worked until 1946. In addition, McCulloch was active in a great variety of organizations, including the Chicago Chapter of the League For Industrial Democracy, the North American Committee to Aid Spanish Democracy, the Union for Democratic Action, the Executive Committee of Americans for Democratic Action, the Conscientious Objector's Information and Service Bureau, the Chicago Workers Committee on Unemployment, the American Society for Cultural Relations with Russia, and the Mid-West Institute of International Relations.","In 1946 he became director of the Labor Education Division of Roosevelt University, a position he resigned in 1949 in order to become an administrative assistant to U.S. Senator Paul H. Douglas of Illinois. He held this post until President John F. Kennedy appointed him Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board in 1961, and Lyndon B. Johnson reappointed him to a second term. A firm believer in industrial democracy, McCulloch remained in his position at the NLRB for ten years and then joined the law faculty at the University of Virginia. His courses included Labor Law and Labor Law in Action. From 1971 to 1988 he served on the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. In 1972 he became a member of the Virginia Commission on Public Employee Rights, serving for four years. In 1974 he was appointed to succeed former Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren on the Committee of Experts of the International Labor Organization, a United Nations agency, where he served until 1985. For ten years, starting in 1977, he was a member of the Albemarle County Industrial Development Authority. He died in 1996."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law after his retirement from the National Labor Relations Board. The collection contains case files and annual reports  from Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers (1971-1987); public employee rights; documents on the ILO and the United States S withdrawal from the organization; correspondence, miscellaneous files and published materials.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided in the four series. Series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 1970's. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program beginning in 1971, and the Series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally, in Series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law since his retirement for the NLRB. The collection is divided in the four sub-series. Sub-series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Sub-series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 70's. He has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program since 1971, and the Sub-series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally in Sub-series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[7 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[7 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[9 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[13 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[6 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[8 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[19 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[5 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[6 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis addendum of documents pertains to McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers from the years 1985 - 1987.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. It also contains the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers Annual Reports from 1970 through 1986.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrank W. Mc Culloch was appointed member of the Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations of the International Labor Organization [ILO] in November of 1974 and was an active member of the organization until his resignation in August of 1985. The documents reflect the work of the organization and the weight the ILO had in issues such as the Solidarity Movement in Poland. Researchers can find important documents about the USA withdrawal from the ILO and the effort of major figures in the labor movement to discourage that action.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[2 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists primarily of McCulloch's papers as Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board and is organized in two sets. The first contains primarily congratulatory letters, newspapers clippings, speeches, lectures, etc. as well as other matters relating to his tenure at the NLRB. The second comprise miscellaneous papers related to his work as a specialist in labor matters after 1971.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[5 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ehis small addendum to the Papers of Frank W. McCulloch contains odds and ends of files represented in the whole of this collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders] [Incomplete Set]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[3 folders]\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law after his retirement from the National Labor Relations Board. The collection contains case files and annual reports  from Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers (1971-1987); public employee rights; documents on the ILO and the United States S withdrawal from the organization; correspondence, miscellaneous files and published materials.   ","The collection is divided in the four series. Series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 1970's. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program beginning in 1971, and the Series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally, in Series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.","This collection of papers documents Frank McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law since his retirement for the NLRB. The collection is divided in the four sub-series. Sub-series I, the largest group (boxes 1-46 and 63-70) contains the case files he has kept as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers, 1971-1987. Sub-series II is comprised of files which record his work as a member of the Virginia Commission of Public Employee Rights from 1972 to 1976, as well as the aid he gave the Virginia Education Association in its attempt to get collective bargaining powers in the early 70's. He has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Migrant Legal Action Program since 1971, and the Sub-series III files concerning that program extend from 1971 to 1984. Finally in Sub-series IV there are records dating from 1974 to 1983 regarding the Legal Services Corporation.","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[4 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[4 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[7 folders]","[7 folders]","[9 folders]","[4 folders]","[13 folders]","[6 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[8 folders]","[19 folders]","[5 folders]","[4 folders]","[6 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","This addendum of documents pertains to McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers from the years 1985 - 1987.","[3 folders]","This collection documents McCulloch's extracurricular work in the field of labor law. It is comprised of case files he accumulated as a member of the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers. It also contains the Public Review Board of the United Auto Workers Annual Reports from 1970 through 1986.","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","This collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers.","[3 folders]","Frank W. Mc Culloch was appointed member of the Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations of the International Labor Organization [ILO] in November of 1974 and was an active member of the organization until his resignation in August of 1985. The documents reflect the work of the organization and the weight the ILO had in issues such as the Solidarity Movement in Poland. Researchers can find important documents about the USA withdrawal from the ILO and the effort of major figures in the labor movement to discourage that action.","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","This collection consists primarily of McCulloch's papers as Chairman of the National Labor Relations Board and is organized in two sets. The first contains primarily congratulatory letters, newspapers clippings, speeches, lectures, etc. as well as other matters relating to his tenure at the NLRB. The second comprise miscellaneous papers related to his work as a specialist in labor matters after 1971.","[4 folders]","[5 folders]","his small addendum to the Papers of Frank W. McCulloch contains odds and ends of files represented in the whole of this collection.","[3 folders] [Incomplete Set]","[4 folders]","[3 folders]"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection contains additional papers on public employee rights from the 1970s. It also contains a Masters thesis by Gwen Williams who did research in his papers."],"names_coll_ssim":["International Labor Organization","International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America","Legal Services Corporation","Migrant Legal Action Program","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Virginia. Commission to Study the Rights of Public Employees","McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","International Labor Organization","International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America","Legal Services Corporation","Migrant Legal Action Program","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Virginia. Commission to Study the Rights of Public Employees","McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","International Labor Organization","International Union, United Automobile, Aerospace, and Agricultural Implement Workers of America","Legal Services Corporation","Migrant Legal Action Program","United States. National Labor Relations Board","Virginia. Commission to Study the Rights of Public Employees"],"persname_ssim":["McCulloch, Frank W., 1906-1996"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":739,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:23:27.733Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_580_c02_c244"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04_c61_c01","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"\"60 Minutes\" story on the Dalkon Shield, Mike Wallace narrating V263-264","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04_c61_c01#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04_c61_c01","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04_c61_c01"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04_c61_c01","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04_c61","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04_c61","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_87","viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04","viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04_c61"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_87","viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04","viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04_c61"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust papers","Series IV: News Materials Concerning Dalkon Shield","Videotape Inventory"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust papers","Series IV: News Materials Concerning Dalkon Shield","Videotape Inventory"],"text":["Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust papers","Series IV: News Materials Concerning Dalkon Shield","Videotape Inventory","\"60 Minutes\" story on the Dalkon Shield, Mike Wallace narrating V263-264","2 copies","box MSS 00-04, videocassette Box 8"],"title_filing_ssi":"\"60 Minutes\" story on the Dalkon Shield, Mike Wallace narrating V263-264","title_ssm":["\"60 Minutes\" story on the Dalkon Shield, Mike Wallace narrating V263-264"],"title_tesim":["\"60 Minutes\" story on the Dalkon Shield, Mike Wallace narrating V263-264"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1981 April 19"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1981"],"normalized_title_ssm":["\"60 Minutes\" story on the Dalkon Shield, Mike Wallace narrating V263-264"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust papers"],"physdesc_tesim":["2 copies"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":198,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust Collection was transferred to the University of Virginia Law Library by order of the US Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia in September 2000. Under that order, Series I through V are open for research with no restrictions. The Court imposed the following access restrictions for the materials in Series VI (the Trust's Central Records Library and Outside Counsel Files):","\"5.01 Preservation of Claimants' Privacy. No Identifying Information, or any document or record within the Trust Materials containing Identifying information, relating to any Personal Injury Claimant --- or Other Claimant --- may be disclosed at any time, without written consent of the relevant Personal Injury Claimant or Other Claimant, or an Order by the Court allowing such disclosure.\"","The Court defined \"Identifying Information\" as the following:","\"Identifying Information\" means a person or entity's name, address, telephone number, facsimile number, email address, and any unique identifier including but not limited to a social security number, tax identification number, passport number, and military identification number.\"","Requests for material in Series VI should be made in advance to allow Special Collections staff time to determine whether it contains identifying information, and to allow for the redaction of such information before permitting access. Copying documents in Series VI may be restricted, and advance consideration of such requests is required."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Multiple individuals and corporate bodies created the materials in the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust collection and copyright status varies across the collection.","Any rights (including copyright and related rights to publicity and privacy) held by the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust (DSCT) were transferred to the University of Virginia in 2000 by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, Richmond Division. Permission to publish or reproduce materials created by the DSCT must be secured from the University of Virginia.","Other materials may be protected by copyright and/or related rights. The University of Virginia is not authorized to grant permission to publish or reproduce these items. "],"date_range_isim":[1981],"containers_ssim":["box MSS 00-04, videocassette Box 8"],"_nest_path_":"/components#3/components#60/components#0","timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:34:46.863Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_87","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_4_resources_87.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/135443","title_ssm":["Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust papers"],"title_tesim":["Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1938-2000","1970-1998"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-1998"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1938-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS.2000.4","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/87"],"text":["MSS.2000.4","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/87","Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust papers","Dalkon Shield (Intrauterine contraceptive)","Product liablitlity -- Intrauterine contraceptives","Tort liability of corporations","videotapes","Microfilms","The Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust Collection was transferred to the University of Virginia Law Library by order of the US Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia in September 2000. Under that order, Series I through V are open for research with no restrictions. The Court imposed the following access restrictions for the materials in Series VI (the Trust's Central Records Library and Outside Counsel Files):","\"5.01 Preservation of Claimants' Privacy. No Identifying Information, or any document or record within the Trust Materials containing Identifying information, relating to any Personal Injury Claimant --- or Other Claimant --- may be disclosed at any time, without written consent of the relevant Personal Injury Claimant or Other Claimant, or an Order by the Court allowing such disclosure.\"","The Court defined \"Identifying Information\" as the following:","\"Identifying Information\" means a person or entity's name, address, telephone number, facsimile number, email address, and any unique identifier including but not limited to a social security number, tax identification number, passport number, and military identification number.\"","Requests for material in Series VI should be made in advance to allow Special Collections staff time to determine whether it contains identifying information, and to allow for the redaction of such information before permitting access. Copying documents in Series VI may be restricted, and advance consideration of such requests is required.","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","The collection is arranged in six series:","Series I. A.H. Robins (AHR) Company Documents","Series II. A.H. Robins Litigation Documents","Series III. US Food and Drug Administration investigation of the Dalkon Shield. ","Series IV. News Materials Concerning Dalkon Shield","Series V. Bankruptcy Documents - In re A.H. Robins; Case No. 85-01307-R","Series VI. Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust Central Records Library","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series. \nSS is Sub-series.","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series. \nS is Sub-series.","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series \nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series. \nSS is Sub-series.","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series. \nSS is Sub-series.\nSSS is Sub-sub-series.\nSSSS is Sub-sub-sub-series.","A. Edwin Martin","Split in two boxes.","S is Series. \nSS is Sub-series. \nSSS is Sub-Sub series. \nSSSS is Sub-sub-sub-series.","Split in two boxes.","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Series","S is series","S is series","S is Series","S is series.","S is Series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series. \nSS is sub-series.","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","Arranged by docket number","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-Series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-Series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-Series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-Series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-Series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","I. Introduction","The history of the Dalkon Shield spans more than thirty years and is charged with controversy at every turn. Many legal scholars and journalists have written on the subject. What follows is a very brief overview of the Shield from its creation and marketing, through tort litigation and bankruptcy, to the trust settlement of more than 200,000 claims in just over ten years.","II. Production and Sale of the Dalkon Shield, 1968-1974  \n  \nThe Dalkon Shield, a contraceptive intrauterine device (IUD), was invented in the late 1960s at a time when women and their physicians were looking for a safe and simple alternative to the birth control pill. This particular model of IUD was the creation of Dr. Hugh Davis, a professor of gynecology at Johns Hopkins University Medical School, and Irwin S. Lerner, an engineer and inventor. Davis, who for several years had been testing other IUDs on patients at a family planning clinic, began to test his own device there in 1968. Davis, Lerner, and a lawyer, Robert E. Cohn, partners in a pharmaceutical laboratory, named the new IUD the Dalkon Shield. The word \"Dalkon\" apparently came from letters of the partners' last names, and \"Shield,\" from the shape of the device. By 1970, in hopes of wider marketing, they looked for a purchaser of the Shield and found the A.H. Robins Company in Richmond, Virginia.","  A.H. Robins (AHR), a family-run pharmaceutical company more than a hundred years old, was, by the late 1960s, the well-respected manufacturer of popular, over-the-counter products such as Robitussin cough medicines, Chapstick lip balm, Sergeants Flea \u0026 Tick Collars, and Dimetapp cold remedies. AHR purchased the Dalkon Shield in June of 1970 and began production in early 1971. Thanks to a vigorous sales campaign, the Shield sold well in the U.S. and abroad. Within four years, 3.6 million Dalkon Shields had been used by women worldwide.","III. Dalkon Shield Litigation, 1974-1985","By 1972, physicians began reporting problems with the Dalkon Shield. Besides the fact that the device had a higher failure rate as a contraceptive than Dr. Davis and AHR had touted, some users of the Shield were suffering other health complications, the most serious being spontaneous septic abortion. In the spring of 1973 two women who had become pregnant while using the Shield died of severe infection.","  As early as 1971 an AHR employee had discovered that the multifilament material used for the tail string of the Shield was capable of serving as a wick and, thus, of introducing bacteria from outside the body into the sterile environment of the uterus. In the summer of 1974, when the Food and Drug Administration held hearings on IUDs and septic abortion, AHR argued that the Dalkon Shield posed no more risk that other devices, but a physician reported that his research indicated the Shield's tail string was capable of wicking bacteria. That summer, AHR suspended domestic sales of the Dalkon Shield. By the time foreign sales were suspended some months later, fifteen Shield users had died of septic abortions; 245 other women had suffered septic abortions and survived. Other problems Shield users reported included severe cramping and bleeding, ectopic pregnancies, birth defects in children carried to term, and pelvic inflammatory disease. Some complications led to sterility.","  In late 1974, the first lawsuit against AHR began in a Kansas court. The plaintiff, Connie Deemer, had suffered a perforated uterus after becoming pregnant while using the Shield. The jury awarded a relatively small amount, $10,000, in compensatory damages, but awarded $75,000 in punitive damages. Over the next six years AHR often settled cases out of court and prevailed about half the time at trial, but by 1980, when hundreds of new claims were being filed, the company was faced with punitive damages and settlements of high six- or seven-figures. Both plaintiff groups and AHR had made attempts to consolidate this litigation, but the only success in this regard was for pre-trial hearings for federal cases before the Judicial Panel on Multi-district Litigation.","  In 1980, AHR sent a letter to about 200,000 physicians suggesting they remove the Shield from any women who had been using it for more than three years. In the fall of 1984, with about 3,500 claims yet to settle, the company sent another letter to doctors offering to pay for removal of the Shield from any women still using it. More claims poured in. The following spring, another Kansas jury awarded $1.75 million in compensatory damages and $7.5 million in punitive damages to Loretta Tetuan, a childless young woman whose Dalkon Shield injuries had led to a hysterectomy. Faced with more than 5,000 unresolved claims, AHR filed on August 21, 1985, for federal bankruptcy protection.","IV. Bankruptcy Proceedings, 1985-1989  \n  \nPresiding over the AHR bankruptcy case were U.S. District Judge Robert R. Merhige, Jr., and Bankruptcy Judge Blackwell N. Shelley. In late fall 1985, Merhige ordered a worldwide notification via newspaper and television for all persons claiming injury from the Shield to file claims with the court by April 1986. By that date the court had received over 300,000 claims from the U.S. and abroad. The court then mailed a questionnaire to claimants, to be returned by summer of 1987. After that deadline the claims numbered 197,000.","  AHR, assuming that just a few thousand outstanding claims remained, had entered bankruptcy hoping that after reorganization the company could settle its obligations with claimants and resume operations as before. However, the number of claims filed in 1986 led to an effort to locate a company which could pay off these claims in exchange for ownership of the business. Simultaneously, work began to determine a fair value of the outstanding claims. The judges appointed an examiner, Ralph Mabey, to oversee the management of AHR and to assist in handling the difficult negotiations in this complex bankruptcy and mass tort settlement. The largest group of creditors consisted of claimants represented by a number of plaintiffs' attorneys. Other creditors included banks and businesses, as well as AHR shareholders. Once bidding for the company began, potential purchasers also became involved in the settlement negotiations.","  The court appointed Francis E. McGovern, a law professor who specialized in mass torts, to examine and report on a sample of resolved cases, as well as a sample of outstanding claims, so that other experts could determine the extent of AHR's liability. The experts' estimates ranged from $1.2 to $7 billion. After hearing their reports in late 1987, Merhige estimated AHR's liability to be $2.475 billion. In early 1988, American Home Products (AHP), a large manufacturer of health care products, agreed to put up about $2.3 billion to fund the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust and in the process acquire the A.H. Robins Company. The remainder of the fund came from other sources, including Aetna, which insured AHR, and the Robins family. In addition, AHP paid $700 million to AHR shareholders, of which over $300 million went to the Robins family.","  As soon as this deal was struck, five trustees were appointed to commence the work of the Trust. By spring 1988, AHR's Sixth Amended and Restated Disclosure Statement for its reorganization was mailed to claimants and other parties for approval. After approval by the requisite majority of claimants and other creditors, and after a hearing on July 28, 1988, Judge Merhige confirmed the plan. Some claimants opposed the plan, however, and a long appeal process began. The U.S. Supreme Court denied petitions for review in November 1989, and the following month the reorganization plan was consummated.","V. Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust, 1989-2001 Administration \n  \nThe Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust, located in Richmond, Virginia, began work under the direction of five trustees appointed in mid-January 1988, and an executive director hired that August. Even before consummation, the plan provided for a start-up fund of $100 million. Consequently, in the fall of 1988 the Trust was able to offer claimants the first and simplest of several options. Under Option 1, a woman merely had to sign an affidavit affirming injury from the Dalkon Shield, and she would be paid $725. If her husband or injured child chose, he (or she) could also file under this option and receive $300. During the pre-consummation period the Trust could also pay liquidated claims. By the time the Disclosure Statement was consummated in December, the Trust had settled 85,000 Option 1 claims for about $60 million.","  The Disclosure Statement laid out the basic principles under which the Trust was to operate. The purpose of the Claims Resolution Facility (CRF) was to \"provide all persons full payment of valid claims at the earliest possible time consistent with the efficient design and implementation of the claims resolution facility. This purpose [was] to be achieved by (1) providing an efficient economical mechanism for liquidating claims which [favored] settlement over arbitration and litigation, thereby reducing transaction costs, (2) providing claimants with an attractive alternative to trial by jury where settlement [was] not achieved, (3) providing fair and equitable compensation based upon historic values . . . to persons injured by the Dalkon Shield.\"","  The Trust's responsibility was to the claimants as a collective whole, and all claimants were to be treated equally and fairly. Also the Trust was non-reversionary, which is to say that any funds remaining at the end would not revert to AHP, but instead would be distributed among the claimants. Nor would the Trust award punitive damages to certain claimants, as in tort litigation, but instead would pay out whatever funds remained at the end on a pro rata basis to all claimants with documented injuries. One of the most important purposes of the plan was to establish \"global peace.\" That is, the plan stipulated that any and all claims involving the Dalkon Shield would be resolved once and for all by the Trust, and therefore AHR, its purchaser AHP, Aetna, doctors, clinics, and hospitals would no longer be liable for Dalkon Shield injuries.","  The plan also provided general guidelines for evaluating claims. For example, both represented and unrepresented claimants were to be treated equally and without regard to where they might sue on their claims. In addition, the plan outlined the injuries for which claimants would be compensated. Subsequently, the Trust devised an elaborate review process for the most serious injuries, insuring as nearly as possible the fair and consistent treatment of every claim. Furthermore, the Trust's offers would be \"best and final,\" and not subject to negotiation before litigation. If claimants were dissatisfied with their offers, they were encouraged to choose from several methods of settlement in order to avoid a costly trial.","  The CRF laid out four claims options. Option 1, described above, was ultimately chosen by 133,000 users and their relatives. Option 2 was for claimants who had proof of Shield use as well as proof of injury, but no documentation of a connection between the two. Relatively few claimants (18,000) chose this option, which paid between $850 and $5,500 in fixed allotments based upon type of injury. Option 3 was the category where the most money was paid and the most thorough documentation of injury was required. Here the claimant had to produce medical records showing that her use of the Shield was the direct cause of her documented injuries. Payments in this category went as high as $4 million, although the average was $31,000. Each case was carefully evaluated, and the award was assigned based upon the nature of the individual's circumstances. About 47,000 claimants chose Option 3. Finally, Option 4 allowed claimants to defer their choice if they were not yet certain of the extent of their injuries. Spouses as well as injured children could file their own claims in any of the three categories based upon the nature of the user's injury and medical records.","  During the bankruptcy proceedings, efforts were made to notify all claimants worldwide and get them to submit their claims during 1986. However, late claims came in, and the court and the Trust ultimately honored legitimate claims filed between the April 1986 deadline and September 1989. A class action suit filed against Aetna for its alleged compliance in AHR's liability was settled by establishing a fund to pay late claims. Named the Breland Insurance Trust (BIT) (Glenda Breland was the first-named claimant in the class action), this fund was created from the proceeds of two $50 million insurance policies and was intended first to supplement the Trust if necessary. But if that were not necessary, the BIT would be used to pay late claimants and persons whose claims had been reinstated after initially being disallowed. The BIT began making payments in 1994 when it became clear that the Trust had ample funds. The Breland claims were handled exactly like Trust claims, but dissatisfied Breland claimants were not allowed to take their settlements to litigation.","  A second smaller trust, called the Other Claimants Trust, was established with $5 million from the Robins family and $45 million from the sale of AHR. The purpose of the OTR was to cover the financial losses of doctors, hospitals, and clinics as a result of their involvement with the Dalkon Shield.","  As soon as the Trust was fully funded at the end of 1989, work began to determine values for Option 3 claims. Trustees and Trust staff, statisticians, and a few plaintiffs' lawyers worked for months examining settlements and awards AHR had paid, as well as the data about the nature of outstanding claims that had been captured in the McGovern survey. Keeping an eye always on the total amount of the Trust's assets, this working group eventually set values on every foreseeable type of injury. Their work was then evaluated by a group of plaintiffs' attorneys who had handled large numbers of Dalkon Shield suits before bankruptcy. The process of establishing evaluation guidelines for Option 3 claims took more than a year.","  Meanwhile claimants were sent packets informing them of the details of Options 2 and 3. Great care was taken to explain the process clearly so that it would not be necessary for claimants to hire an attorney unless they chose to do so. The Trust hired staff to assist claimants in filing claims and to secure medical records for them if their own efforts were fruitless. Another team of staff members checked the claims to be sure they were complete before sending them to reviewers. The Trust hired novices in the claims review process and gave them sixteen weeks of intensive training in evaluating gynecological injuries before they began work. After a value was placed on a claim, a supervisor reviewed the file again before the offer was mailed to the claimant.","  For the most part claims were evaluated in the order in which documentation reached completion. Higher priority, however, was afforded the claimants whose suits had been frozen when AHR declared bankruptcy, and those who had participated in the McGovern survey. In addition, claimants with critical health issues were given priority. Couples who were rendered childless because of the Shield could apply right away for funds for in vitro fertilization.","  Once a claimant received her settlement offer, which was \"best and final,\" she had to decide whether to accept or reject it. If she was not pleased with the amount and wanted to go to arbitration or litigation, the Trust required her to attend a settlement conference first. There she could discuss her claim with a Trust representative, who would explain how the Trust had reached the figure offered. At this time the claimant was allowed to present new medical evidence that had not been available when she filed her claim. If new documentation was offered, the Trust would re-evaluate her claim. Otherwise, the Trust stood by the original amount offered. If the claimant remained dissatisfied, she could choose to proceed to arbitration or litigation. Another choice was Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), a relatively simple and speedy form of arbitration.","  The ADR process opened in April of 1993 with an award cap of $10,000. When the cap was raised to $20,000 five months later, ADR became popular with claimants dissatisfied with the Trust's offer. In the end, 6,600 chose ADR. A smaller number chose to go to formal arbitration, and fewer still chose litigation. Because the Trust was committed to keeping costs as low as possible, every effort was made to avoid expensive trials. Of the 47,000 claims that were settled under Option 3, 41,000 were accepted; about 6,000 of them were resolved in ADR; 70 in arbitration; and only 90 went to trial.","  Although it was necessary for the CRF to allow settlement by these more traditional tort means, by far the majority of claimants worked directly with the Trust, without aid of an attorney, and accepted the Trust's offer. Those who had legal assistance received slightly larger awards on average, but they then had to pay their attorney's fees out of the award.","  By 1995 it became clear that more than enough funds were left to cover the remaining claims. Furthermore, the Trust's investments had earned $800 million and at that point administrative costs were running $200 million lower than had been anticipated. So in that year the Trust made the first of a half-dozen pro rata payments. Claimants who had been paid more than $725 under Option 2 or 3 were eligible for pro rata payments. By the time the Trust closed in the summer of 2001, pro rata payments had totaled about $1.5 billion, and eligible claimants had been paid just over 100% above their initial settlement amounts. By December 1996, 97% of the claims had been settled. The Trust began reducing its staff, and those who remained took care of the small portion of claims that were being appealed.","Legal Department. When the Trust was opened in 1989, staff was hired to handle the anticipated legal issues. General Counsel, Linda Thomason, was assisted by a team of in-house lawyers as well as attorneys in other parts of the country where claims were contested. At the outset the Trust also hired, as outside counsel, Michael W. Smith and Orran L. Brown with the Richmond law firm of Christian, Barton, Epps, Brent \u0026 Chappell. Eventually Brown carried on alone in that position, and in the spring of 1993 he established his office in the building where the Trust was located. His principal duties were to interpret the Reorganization Plan and handle injunction enforcement issues on the Trust's behalf. Some of the major interpretation issues included whether claimants could sue for punitive damages and attorney's fees, whether pre- or post-judgment interest would be allowed, whether the Plan forced the Trust to concede product liability, and whether the list of injuries in the CRF could be taken as an admission that such injuries were caused by the Dalkon Shield.","  The Reorganization Plan discharged A.H. Robins, and all persons connected with it, as well as American Home Products, of any liability for tort or other claims relating to the Dalkon Shield. The Plan also enjoined claimants from bringing suit against these corporations and persons, or against hospitals, clinics, or physicians. When claimants did attempt such suits, the Trust moved to enforce the injunction.","  In 1991 the Trust filed a motion with the district court for an order to establish guidelines for arbitration and litigation. Amended Administrative Order Number One set parameters for discovery, and it directed that a document depository be established and made accessible to claimants. The order provided a system to insure that claimants who chose arbitration and litigation followed a prescribed procedure, and it reiterated the CRF's disallowance of trebled, exemplary or punitive damages, or attorney's fees.","  The purpose of the Trust, as stated in the CRF, was to provide \"an efficient economical mechanism for liquidating claims which [favored] settlement over arbitration and litigation\" and to provide \"an attractive alternative to trial by jury where settlement [was] not achieved.\" Once a settlement offer was made, the Trust was willing to discuss the evaluation in a settlement conference but it refused to negotiate. Many claimants dissatisfied with their offers went to ADR. Others choose the more costly options of arbitration or trial in hopes of receiving a much higher award. At this point the playing field changed, and Trust no longer waived various defenses. For example, if the statute of limitations had run out before she filed her claim, the Trust employed that defense. In other words, the Trust did all it could to discourage claimants from choosing expensive methods of resolving disputes, adhering to the principle that if all claims were settled equally and efficiently, there would be a greater amount to be shared among all.","  Two decisions of the Trustees aided the settlement process. Raising the cap on ADR awards from $10,000 to $20,000 in 1993 made this process very popular with claimants. Two years later when the pro rata payments commenced for those with offers higher than $725, many claimants who were initially dissatisfied realized their awards would ultimately be more generous than they had thought.","  Many legal issues required judicial intervention during the course of the Trust's existence. One controversial issue concerned the Trust's holdback policy. In a case where a claimant was awarded a higher amount in litigation, the Trust reserved the right, upheld by the court, to defer paying the difference between the trial award and the original offer until there was assurance that all claims could be paid. Often when claimants brought their cases in state court, the Trust attempted to have them removed to federal court. There were many questions surrounding how ADR and arbitration would be handled. One case regarding burden of proof in ADR, Reichel v. Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust , was decided in the Trust's favor by the district court but partially overturned by the Fourth Circuit, which said that the claimant only had to provide a \"presumption of causation.\" Plaintiffs were unsuccessful in getting this ruling to apply to arbitration and litigation.","  In 1995 when the Trust began making pro rata payments, Judge Merhige on his own initiative issued an order limiting claimants' attorneys from recovering more that ten percent from those payments. One impetus for this ruling was complaints he had heard through the years from claimants whose attorneys had received a large percentage of their initial awards as contingent fees. The judge also knew that since pro rata payments would be made in cases that had been settled, little or no additional work was required of the attorneys. However, this order provoked protest from the plaintiffs' bar, and a group of twenty-nine lawyers appealed the order. The Fourth Circuit, calling \"this litigation and appeal . . . wonderful examples of chutzpah,\" affirmed Judge Merhige's order.","  Although Brown spent about ten years representing the Trust, and some of the cases stretched over many of those years, the legal costs were ultimately lower than anticipated. While a couple hundred cases were filed, in the end only about ninety went to trial. Nonetheless, the legal issues and claims that were litigated required the attention of the legal department for about five years after the vast majority of the claims were settled. Pro rata distributions from the remainder of the Trust were issued over time as the number of unresolved cases diminished.","VI. Conclusion  \n  \nThe Disclosure Statement had given the Trust twenty years to settle 197,000 claims. With the allowance of late claims, the Trust ultimately paid a little over 218,000 claims and settled the vast majority of them in only seven years. Although the Trust operated particularly cautiously at the outset in order to be sure all claimants could be paid fairly, this extreme care worked to the benefit of the claimants in the end. Thanks in large part to the Trust's diligence, caution, and wise investments, the most seriously injured claimants saw their awards doubled. In terms of fairness and efficiency, the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust achieved, in the opinion of many, the most successful resolution of a mass tort case in the twentieth century.","In 1975 a Multi-District Litigation Panel was set up to consolidate over one hundred Dalkon Shield personal injury tort cases pending in federal district courts in over a third of the states. The pretrial proceedings were held before U. S. District Judge Frank Theis in Wichita, Kansas. Bradley Post, a Wichita lawyer who had represented Connie Deemer, the first woman to win a verdict against Robins for her Dalkon Shield injuries, was chosen lead lawyer in the consolidated cases. Post led the court-ordered discovery proceedings that ran from 1976 through the late 1970s and resumed in 1981 and 1982.","  AHR was ordered to produce copies of tens of thousands of documents and to store them at the Richmond offices of McGuire, Woods \u0026 Battle, the law firm handling its defense. The collection of documents became known as the Source Files. Documents in the following subject categories were requested, copied and numbered at various times from 1976 through 1982: Research \u0026 Development, Adverse Reaction, Manufacturing, Administration, Commercial, Government, International, FDA (Food and Drug Administration), and Bibliography.","  In 1991, by administrative order, the Trust was directed to \"maintain a document depository in Richmond, Virginia, containing substantially all documents which the Trust, using its best efforts, has identified as having been produced without qualification by Robins in pre-petition Dalkon Shield personal injury tort litigation.\" The depository, to be made accessible to claimants and their attorneys, was comprised of documents previously in the custody of McGuire, Woods and was located at Datastor, a facility on the east end of the city.","  The A.H. Robins Company documents consist of the master group, the Source Files, produced under the direction of Judge Frank Theis in the late 1970s and early 1980s. In addition, there are a number of subsets of the Source Files gathered and arranged by plaintiffs' attorneys, and additional documents produced under orders from other judges in the mid-1980s.","According to a Trust memorandum, (see notebook labeled Background Information re Document Depository), AHR and its attorneys began collecting, reviewing, and copying these documents, later known as the Source Files, as early as 1975. In 1976 when the Multi-District Litigation Panel was set up, the range of documents was expanded to include information on Robins' international sales, and on its interactions with Hugh Davis, Robert Cohn, Thad Earl, and Irwin S. Lerner. Plaintiffs involved in the MDL proceedings were allowed access to all documents that were not privileged. The copies, held in Richmond in the custody of McGuire, Woods, were made from the original documents.","  The Law Library completed a project begun sometime ago to convert the Source Files to microform. Documents 1 through 171, 245 are available on microfiche; and 171,246 through 211, 892, on microfilm. Researchers may gain access to the Source File documents through any of its four indexes: document number, document date, name of document writer, and document type and date. The indexes are in three-ring notebooks, and on microfilm reels 1 to 6.","  Two types of materials in the Source Files, numbers 189,673 through 207,502, are not in microform (4 cartons, 5 linear feet). The first are computer printouts of names and addresses of the 200,000 doctors to whom AHR wrote in the early 1980s, requesting removal of the Shield. Box 1 contains names and addresses for physicians in Colombia, Sweden, The Netherlands, South Africa, and Australia; Box 2, for Mexico, Philippines, Germany, Denmark, Finland, France, and Venezuela; and Box 3, for the United States. Second, in Box 4, is a collection of used Dalkon Shields sent back to AHR by Thad Earl, David Ostergard, and other doctors.","The MDL Chrono Files are a chronological arrangement of 1300 of some of the more important documents from the Source Files and were offered in evidence during the1976-1978 MDL discovery proceedings. The date range of the Chrono Files is 1938 to 1977, with the bulk of the documents falling between 1971 and 1975. In some cases the copy in the Chrono Files is more legible than the one in the Source Files.","  There is no list or index for the Chrono Files. Boxed with the files was a subject index to the first 183,000 SF documents; this index which pairs Source File number with subject was prepared in 1979. The Chrono Files are available on microfilm reels 19-22, as well as on paper in Boxes 1-6 (2.5 linear feet).","Bradley Post preserved a set of selected Robins Source File documents which he had submitted as evidence in a case around 1979. The Post documents are arranged chronologically and numbered 1 to 836 in the upper left corner; the Source File number is visible in the lower left corner. The date range is 1938 to 1979, with bulk dates of 1971 to 1975. The Post documents are available on microfilm reels 22 and 23. A list of numbered Post documents providing extensive information about each entry is available on paper and also precedes the documents on the film.","In 1983 Robins, Zelle, Larson \u0026 Kaplan, a large firm in Minneapolis acquired about two hundred Dalkon Shield cases from another practice, and the firm appointed experienced plaintiffs' attorneys Dale Larson and Michael Ciresi to handle them. For the case of Shirley Dean v. A. H. Robins, the lawyers submitted as evidence 3,789 documents they had chosen from the Robins Source Files. Those documents comprise this subset and are arranged chronologically and numbered 1 to 3,789, usually near the top of the first page of the document; the Source File number is visible in the lower left corner. The dates range from 1938 to 1984, but are concentrated in the years 1970 to 1980. The Robins, Zelle documents are available on microfilm reels 23-31. The list of numbered Robins, Zelle documents provides extensive information about each entry; it is available on paper, and it also precedes the documents on the film.","In 1983 Minnesota U.S. District Judge Miles Lord began hearing Dalkon Shield cases. By early 1984 he believed there were pertinent documents AHR had not produced during multi-district proceedings in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He, therefore, ordered a re-opening of discovery specifically for a number of categories, including correspondence with Aetna, AHR's insurance company, correspondence between certain top company officials and AHR lawyers, and documents relating to testing of Dalkon Shield safety. Furthermore, Lord appointed two attorneys to go to Richmond to supervise the production of these documents.","  The Lord Responsive documents are available on microfilm reels 31-33. These document numbers appear at the end of the Source File Document Number Index, but since a substantial number of them did not pertain to Lord's order, or were privileged, there are not corresponding documents for all the numbers. An annotated copy of the Lord pages from the Index precedes the documents on the film, and there the researcher can determine which documents will appear.","In 1984 and early 1985 lawyers for Claire Zelius were preparing their case against AHR in Florida. The federal district court allowed them to seek additional Robins documents, principally unpublished scientific or medical studies on the Dalkon Shield tail string.","  The Zelius Production documents are available on microfilm reels 34-41. The documents have been numbered, although there is no corresponding index for them in the Source Files index. Available on paper, and preceding the Zelius documents on microfilm, is an index which ties production date to a note book number, followed by another index which is a short list of doctors' names for depositions they gave in other cases.","Production commenced on the Dalkon Shield intrauterine device in 1968 under the direction of inventors Hugh Davis, gynecologist, and Irwin Lerner, electrical engineer. In early 1970 Davis and Lerner looked for a pharmaceutical company to market their product more widely, and by June of that year, AHR agreed to purchase it.","  The Dalkon Shield came in two sizes: standard, for women who had already had children (multiparous), and small, for women who had never had children (nulliparous). Shaped somewhat like a law enforcement officer's badge, hence its name, the Shield had five fingers protruding along each side, so that it also looked somewhat like a crab. Tied to its base was a three-inch length of synthetic polyfilament otherwise used for surgical sutures. In the case of the Shield, this filament, called the tail string, was principally designed for easy removal of the IUD.","  The A.H. Robins Company began production and sales in early 1971. Domestic sales were suspended in June of 1974, although foreign sales continued until August 1975. By the time sales ceased altogether, 3,600,000 Dalkon Shields had been sold worldwide.","  This sub-series of 7 boxes (2.9 linear feet) consists of packets of standard and small Dalkon Shields produced by the Dalkon Corporation and by A.H. Robins Co. In addition there are examples of boxes in which the packets were distributed; instruction sheets for physicians and patients; publicity material; rolls of the tail string material, loose shields, and various instruments. Finally, there is a videotape made by the Dalkon Corporation to demonstrate insertion and placement of the Dalkon Shield.","This two-box collection (0.8 linear feet) of miscellaneous A. H. Robins Company documents, assembled by the Trust, provides a bird's eye view of the purchase, production, and sale of the Dalkon Shield from 1970 to 1985. All of these documents can be located in the Source Files, but researchers may find these two boxes provide a convenient, simple and accessible introduction to the history of Robins and the Shield.","During the multi-district litigation proceedings from the late 1970s through the early 1980s, many employees of AHR were deposed, and their depositions made accessible to plaintiffs' lawyers all over the country. When the Trust set up the document depository for the use of claimants, the MDL depositions were included. In addition, depositions not under the aegis of the MDL panel, as well as a great deal of trial testimony of A. H. Robins employees, became part of the document depository. The Trust legal department also had a core collection of depositions, exhibits, etc. for their own attorneys' use in litigation. Materials in this series are principally on microfilm or videotape.","In 1976 when Bradley Post, on behalf of plaintiffs' attorneys, was seeking Robins documents for multi-district litigation, dozens of top officials in the A. H. Robins Co. were being deposed. The following Robins employees were deponents: Ernest L. Bender, Jr., Dr. John I. Brewer, John Leo Burke, Dr. A.N. Chremos, Dr. Fred A. Clark, Jr., Robert E. Cohn, Elderin Wayne Crowder, Dr. Hugh J. Davis, Dr. Roy William Dent, Thomas D. Downs, Dr. Thad J. Earl, Dorothy Kimball Ervin, William A. Forrest, Jr., Daniel Eugene French, Jack Freund, Edwin Hood, A.J. Kapadia, Oscar Klioze, Irwin Lerner, Frank William Mann, A. Edwin Martin, David Mefford, Kenneth Moore, C.E. Morton, Dr. Robert S. Murphey, Dr. Fletcher B. Owen, Jr., Allen Polon, Dr. Ellen Preston, Dr. Lester W. Preston, E.C. Robins, Melvin Rohling, W. Roy Smith, Ritchie Alan Snyder, Robert Walker Tankersley, Howard James Tatum, Dale Taylor, George E. Thomas, Roger Lewis Tuttle, Richard A. Velz, John Wesley Ward, Thomas C. Yu, and William L. Zimmer III.","  Depositions were taken from 1976 through 1983. These transcripts, available on microfilm reels 42-55, are arranged alphabetically by deponent and then chronologically. Most depositions lasted from one to four consecutive days, although a few deponents were called back for a second time. Some depositions are followed by exhibits, summaries, and/or objections. An index precedes the documents on the microfilm.","At the same time of the MDL discovery process, Robins officials were being deposed for cases not included in the multi-district litigation. The following Robins employees were deponents: Jerald Eugene Adams, Frank Bedrick, Ernest L. Bender, Jr., Dr. Anne J. W. Board, Eleanor Bradley, Bob L. Brown, Jeneal D. Brummett, John Leo Burke, John S. Campana, Edward C. Casey, Robert F. Childs, Dr. A.N. Chremos, Charles F. Christopher, Eugenia Clark, Dr. Fred A. Clark, Jr., Ben Clarkson, Robert E. Cohn, Everett L. Cook, Thomas E. Costa, Carlyne Crotty, Elderin Wayne Crowder, Arthur R. Cummings, Darwin Carl Dahl, Dr. Hugh J. Davis, Charles T. Degolia, Dr. Roy William Dent, Jr., Erich De Romero, Calvin R. De Witt, Charles S. Donahue, Paul M. Duffy, Jr., Hartwell Durrance, Thomas D. Downs, Dr. Thad Joseph Earl, John A. Emerick, Dorothy Kimball Ervin, Jeanne Featherston, William A. Forrest, Jr., Daniel Eugene French, Dr. Jack Freund, Anne Friedman, John E. Gallapago, John T. Gaywood, Michael Gibb, Frank W. Gilbert, Donald Thomas Gillooly, Robert L. Gorvett, Lawrence Griffin, John Vincent Guiney, Ray Hanchey, William D. Hart, Jr., Norval Haugh, Dennis F. Heikka, Dr. E.B. Heilman, Doral Loren Hessman, Douglas Arthur Hewey, Robert A. Hogsett, Thomas B. Horne, Robert F. Hunley, David E. Jones, Herbert Joyce, Jr., Duwaine F. Kaufman, James W. Kennedy, Sidney M. Kessler, Louis Kilgore, Daniel Klimpel II, Oscar Klioze, David Mayer Koepke, John P. Kypriotis, Leonard Clayton Lacy, John P. Lage, Raymond L. Langston, Patricia Lashley, Irwin S. Lerner, Charles Hunter Leys, George Lobeck, Gene Ross Lucas, and Carl D. Lunsford.","  Also, Frank William Mann, Jr., A. Edwin Martin, Joseph Mazzeo, Thomas J. McCarthy III, William D. McGehee, Otto McGilvrey, Allen Arthur McKeel, Olivia McMichael, James Gray McWhorter, David Mefford, James Frederick Miller, Clyde Moore, Kenneth E. Moore, Emily M. Morley, C.E. Morton, Dr. Robert S. Murphey, James M. Nisely, Edward Normandia, Terry G. Oakley, Roy Francis O'Hanley, Jr., Guy Edward O'Neal, John P. Onkey, Dr. Fletcher B. Owen, Jr., Jerry Paul Parker, William B. Plisco, Allen J. Polon, Dr. Ellen J. Preston, Dr. Lester W. Preston, Roscoe E. Puckett, Jr., Robert Lee Ramsay, E.C. Robins, Jr., E. Claiborne Robins, Sr., Julian Ross, Phillip Rudine, Raymond J. Russo, Carroll L. Saine, Philip J. Schmid, Walt W. Schoenberger, Stephen I. Schwartz, Thomas A. Schwartz, Leland Schweer, Stuart Shumate, Michael Silva, George Smith, Louis L. Smith, W. Roy Smith, William Smithdeal, Elmer A. Snyder, Sam Sparks, Hunter Spencer, George Stiles, Arthur M. Stranz, Stephen Richard Stubbs, Robert Walker Tankersley, August Tassan, Dr. Howard Tatum, Dale R. Taylor, John Trippe, Roger Lewis Tuttle, William S. Van Bezey, Richard A. Velz, Harris Wagenseil, John W. Ward, Robert Watts, Dale E. Weiss, James C. White, William T. Yale, Alan Young, Roland Younglin, and William L. Zimmer III.","  These depositions were taken between 1975 and 1985. The transcripts, available on microfilm reels 55-82, are arranged alphabetically by deponent, and then by case name. Exhibits are sometimes included. An index precedes the documents on the microfilm.","Bradley Post helped the Trust select a number of cases for which the AHR company employees' trial testimony was particularly useful, and these documents became part of the Document Depository. The collection of trial testimony, available on microfilm reels 82-139, was divided in two groups arranged alphabetically by plaintiff's name.","  The first collection of testimony is for the following plaintiffs' trials: Kyle Askeland, Delma R. Barnes and Debra Jean Clark, Marguerite Bryson, Consuella Bundy, Candyce L. Cabe, Nancy S. Carley, Colorado Consolidated, or Janette A. Hawkinson, et al., Valerie Dembrosky, Susan L. Dodge, Marsha Feldman, Susan Fitzpatrick, Laureen Ford, Laurie Jo Franz, Kay Hamilton, Gay Lynn Hertzler, Linda Johnson, Terri Johnson, Patrick Junkin, Nancy Kaye, Nancy Lewis, Carole Mansfield, Jayne Miller, Gayle McCann, Joan Price, Karen Clark Raine, Carol Ann Setter, Kim Elizabeth Shewan, Joyce A. Smith, Kay E. Swenson, Robert C. and Deborah Terhune, Rosemary Warner, Francis G. Williams, and Anna Wilkins.","  The second collection of testimony is for the following plaintiffs' trials: Carin Linn Abramson, Miriam Breyer, Linda S. James Brown, Pamela Craig, Connie L. Deemer, Mary Ann Ducharme, Cynthia and Robert Fletzin, Mary Guenther, Martha E. Hahn, Linda and William Harre, Diane Hilliard, Regina and Keith Husbands, Cathy J. Maguire, Peggy Joan Mample, Sue and Wayne Mitchell, Rosalie Nunley, Carie M. Palmer, Janet and George Reif, Debbie Rohl, Elizabeth Rubin, Brenda Happke-Strempke, Loretta L. Tetuan, Pamela Van Duyn, and Sharon Worsham.","  The transcripts, having come from a variety of courts, vary a good bit, but for each case it is easy to determine whose testimony is where.","The Trust had a large collection of videotaped depositions (51 videotapes) and trial testimony (177 videotapes) of AHR employees. They transferred to the library all the tapes on VHS format. Many of these tapes, dating from 1979 to 1985, have corresponding transcripts in the previous three sub-series, but some do not.","This collection of trial material, 9 boxes (3.75 linear feet), was created by Trust employees for use in litigation. Included are copies of pre-trial orders, exhibits, depositions, and videotapes of depositions (33 videotapes). For Robins litigation, McGuire, Woods had prepared a set of exhibits, and so the Trust prepared their own based upon the law firm's set.","[videotapes of the edited depositions and testimonies are also available]","[videotapes of Sparks and Tuttle also available]","This series of U.S. Food and Drug Administration files is comprised of 5 boxes (2.1 linear feet). During 1974 the FDA held several hearings investigating IUDs and septic abortions, and, specifically, the safety of the Dalkon Shield. In preparation for these investigations the agency asked AHR to present documents concerning production of their IUD. The documents the company provided make up part of this series. (Most, if not all of these documents, are also found in the Source Files.) Also included here are transcripts of various hearings. In 1983 the FDA received a request under the Freedom of Information Act to produce documents relating to AHR and the Dalkon Shield. Copies of those documents are also in this series.","This series is comprised of newspaper clippings in 9 boxes (3.75 linear feet) and videotapes of television shows concerning Dalkon Shield injuries and litigation. The clippings, dated 1974-1985, are arranged alphabetically by state and are preceded by an index.","AHR filed for federal bankruptcy protection on August 21, 1985. The Trust kept on file each pleading that was entered in the case up through August of 2000. This series contains those pleadings. In addition, there is data on some of the lawsuits Robins resolved before bankruptcy. This data was studied by analyst Frances McGovern whose report is also included. Finally, there are transcripts of the estimation hearings.","The docket books for the AHR bankruptcy case contain, in order of filing, virtually all the pleadings entered between 1985 and 2000. In addition to the pleadings themselves in 416 three-ring notebooks (123 linear feet), there is a complete list of the documents providing the date each item was entered, its docket number, and the document's heading. Researchers must examine the list to determine the notebook-location of documents. Many of these documents also appear in other parts of the collection.","This series of 28 boxes (22.5 linear feet) is contains data derived from a sampling of cases A. H. Robins settled before bankruptcy proceedings began. In 1976 AHR created a Product Litigation System (PLS) to assist their lawyers in tracking Dalkon Shield claims and law suits. The master file in this database included the following information about a claim: claimant name; type of action; status of action; filing and resolution dates; insurance (Aetna) information; location of litigation; information about counsel; and resolution amounts.","  About ten years later, during the claims estimation phase of the bankruptcy proceedings, AHR was asked to provide information on settled suits to assist in determining the company's liability for outstanding claims. By that time the PLS database held information on 9,500 resolved cases, of which 1,800 were selected for analysis. According to Francis McGovern, the court-appointed master of the study, the selection included 1,600 cases chosen at random, plus \"a stratified sample\" of the one hundred lowest and one hundred highest cases.","  This new arrangement of resolved cases data presented eight categories of information: 1. Case Summary, which contained the master file data outlined above. 2. Dalkon Shield Use, providing basic information about use and type of injury. 3. Other Contraceptive Use, including dates and type. 4. Economic Damages, listing costs incurred by the claimant including work loss. 7. Statute of Limitation including date of claim, onset of injury, first consultation with attorney, state of residence. 8. Sexual History, including names of partners and dates of relationship. This information was followed by a medical history arranged by date and including information about symptoms, procedures performed, test and results.","  In addition to the resolved cases, the McGovern study also involved analysis of questionnaires sent to about 6,000 claimants with pending claims. See Series VI Sub-series 1 Boxes 15-17 for a copy of the questionnaire along with additional information about the McGovern study.","  The print-outs of the Resolved Cases Database are bound in twenty-six oversize volumes in Boxes 1-26. The names of the claimants and their partners have been obliterated, in order to protect their privacy. The volumes are open to research without restriction. Boxes 27 and 28 contain a copy of McGovern's final report titled Report of the Dalkon Shield Claims' Estimation Process, June 15, 1988.","From November 5 to 11, 1987, Judges Merhige and Shelley held hearings at which the various interested parties presented their estimates of the dollar value of the outstanding claims. Each party had hired experts to examine the data McGovern had compiled, and the work of these experts was presented at the hearing. Thomas Florence conducted the analysis and prepared the estimation for AHR. Other estimates were presented on behalf of the claimants' committee, Aetna, the official committee representing AHR shareholders, and the unsecured creditors. One month later Judge Merhige, having reviewed the estimates which ranged from $1.2 to 7.2 billion, announced that AHR's liability to claimants was $2.475 billion.","  On February 1, 1988, American Home Products agreed to acquire AHR, and on March 28, 1988 Robins filed its Sixth Amended and Restated Disclosure Statement Pursuant to Section 1125 of the Bankruptcy Code. This document begins with a summary of the case and a detailed overview of the settlement, followed by the Plan of Reorganization, the Claimants Trust and Other Claimants Trust Agreements, the Claims Resolution Facility, the Merger Agreement, and other documents. Along with letters of endorsement, relevant court orders and notices, and a ballot, the Disclosure Statement was mailed to all eligible claimants to vote on approval of the plan in late April 1988.","  This sub-series of 4 boxes and 1 carton (2.9 linear feet) contains the transcript of the hearing, Thomas Florence's estimation report, AHR memoranda on statute of limitations filed with the court at the time of estimation, and a copy of the disclosure statement with accompanying letters of endorsement, court orders and notices.","The Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust opened in early 1988 with the appointment of five trustees, Barbara Blum, Kenneth Feinberg, Gene Locks, Stephen Saltzburg, and Ann Samani. The critical issue of how the Trust would be managed proved as controversial as most other aspects of the bankruptcy settlement. Consequently, within months disputes caused the resignations of Blum, Samani, and Locks. One of the new appointees, Georgene Vairo, eventually became chair of the Trust and remained in that post until it closed.","  Meanwhile the trustees hired Michael Sheppard, clerk of the bankruptcy court in Richmond, as executive director of the Trust. Others administrators hired shortly thereafter included Teri Lovelace and Ann Peters. At its peak the Trust employed a staff of almost four hundred. The staff included attorneys to handle the anticipated legal issues. General Counsel, Linda Thomason, was assisted by a team consisting of Lynn Greer, Susan Manardo, and Patricia Powis whose job was to oversee and coordinate representation of the Trust in cases that went to arbitration or litigation. Richmond lawyers Michael W. Smith and Orran L. Brown were hired as outside counsel. The legal department grew along with the caseload. Assisting the Trust staff were attorneys chosen in regions throughout the U.S., and in other countries, as required to handle local litigation. In addition, local defense attorneys were hired on a case-by-case basis when a claim went to arbitration or litigation.","  The papers of the Trust include the Central Records Library (CRL), the official staff files which document the innumerable mailings to claimants, claims processing, and other Trust administrative matters, as well as the Trustees' minutes. Although the collection does not contain the files of administrative heads of the Trust, some of their correspondence and inter-office communications can be found in the CRL. The collection does include the files of the Trust's outside counsel, Orran L. Brown.","File removed by DSCT, 2/2004","File removed by DSCT, 2/2004","File Removed by DSCT Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list in Oversize Box 144, removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list in folder no. 1 removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Documents with claimant identification removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Documents with claimant information removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Documents with claimant identification removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","File removed by DSCT, 2/2004","7 folders","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","File removed by DSCT, 2/2004","Multiple individuals and corporate bodies created the materials in the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust collection and copyright status varies across the collection.","Any rights (including copyright and related rights to publicity and privacy) held by the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust (DSCT) were transferred to the University of Virginia in 2000 by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, Richmond Division. Permission to publish or reproduce materials created by the DSCT must be secured from the University of Virginia.","Other materials may be protected by copyright and/or related rights. The University of Virginia is not authorized to grant permission to publish or reproduce these items. ","Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust","A. H. Robins Company","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS.2000.4","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/4/resources/87"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust papers"],"collection_ssim":["Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"access_terms_ssm":["Multiple individuals and corporate bodies created the materials in the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust collection and copyright status varies across the collection.","Any rights (including copyright and related rights to publicity and privacy) held by the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust (DSCT) were transferred to the University of Virginia in 2000 by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, Richmond Division. Permission to publish or reproduce materials created by the DSCT must be secured from the University of Virginia.","Other materials may be protected by copyright and/or related rights. The University of Virginia is not authorized to grant permission to publish or reproduce these items. "],"acqinfo_ssim":["In September 2000, the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust Collection was transferred to the University of Virginia Law Library by an order of the US Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. Staff at the Trust first contacted the Law Library about the collection six months before the Trust was terminated at the end of April 2000. The collection came to the library in several installments between the late fall of that year and early 2001. It is comprised of 408 boxes and cartons of documents, 3 volumes, 416 three-ring notebooks, 271 videotapes, for a total of 327.5 linear feet; 139 reels of microfilm, and approximately 7500 pieces of microfiche, or approximately 170,000 items."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Dalkon Shield (Intrauterine contraceptive)","Product liablitlity -- Intrauterine contraceptives","Tort liability of corporations","videotapes","Microfilms"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Dalkon Shield (Intrauterine contraceptive)","Product liablitlity -- Intrauterine contraceptives","Tort liability of corporations","videotapes","Microfilms"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["327.5  Linear Feet 408 boxes and cartons, 3 volumes, 271 videotapes, 416 three ring notebooks"],"extent_tesim":["327.5  Linear Feet 408 boxes and cartons, 3 volumes, 271 videotapes, 416 three ring notebooks"],"genreform_ssim":["videotapes","Microfilms"],"date_range_isim":[1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust Collection was transferred to the University of Virginia Law Library by order of the US Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia in September 2000. Under that order, Series I through V are open for research with no restrictions. The Court imposed the following access restrictions for the materials in Series VI (the Trust's Central Records Library and Outside Counsel Files):\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"5.01 Preservation of Claimants' Privacy. No Identifying Information, or any document or record within the Trust Materials containing Identifying information, relating to any Personal Injury Claimant --- or Other Claimant --- may be disclosed at any time, without written consent of the relevant Personal Injury Claimant or Other Claimant, or an Order by the Court allowing such disclosure.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Court defined \"Identifying Information\" as the following:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Identifying Information\" means a person or entity's name, address, telephone number, facsimile number, email address, and any unique identifier including but not limited to a social security number, tax identification number, passport number, and military identification number.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRequests for material in Series VI should be made in advance to allow Special Collections staff time to determine whether it contains identifying information, and to allow for the redaction of such information before permitting access. Copying documents in Series VI may be restricted, and advance consideration of such requests is required.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust Collection was transferred to the University of Virginia Law Library by order of the US Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia in September 2000. Under that order, Series I through V are open for research with no restrictions. The Court imposed the following access restrictions for the materials in Series VI (the Trust's Central Records Library and Outside Counsel Files):","\"5.01 Preservation of Claimants' Privacy. No Identifying Information, or any document or record within the Trust Materials containing Identifying information, relating to any Personal Injury Claimant --- or Other Claimant --- may be disclosed at any time, without written consent of the relevant Personal Injury Claimant or Other Claimant, or an Order by the Court allowing such disclosure.\"","The Court defined \"Identifying Information\" as the following:","\"Identifying Information\" means a person or entity's name, address, telephone number, facsimile number, email address, and any unique identifier including but not limited to a social security number, tax identification number, passport number, and military identification number.\"","Requests for material in Series VI should be made in advance to allow Special Collections staff time to determine whether it contains identifying information, and to allow for the redaction of such information before permitting access. Copying documents in Series VI may be restricted, and advance consideration of such requests is required."],"appraisal_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e"],"appraisal_heading_ssm":["Appraisal"],"appraisal_tesim":["S is Series \nSS is Sub-series"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in six series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. A.H. Robins (AHR) Company Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. A.H. Robins Litigation Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. US Food and Drug Administration investigation of the Dalkon Shield. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. News Materials Concerning Dalkon Shield\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Bankruptcy Documents - In re A.H. Robins; Case No. 85-01307-R\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries VI. Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust Central Records Library\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series. \nSS is Sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series. \nS is Sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series. \nSS is Sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series. \nSS is Sub-series.\nSSS is Sub-sub-series.\nSSSS is Sub-sub-sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. Edwin Martin\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSplit in two boxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series. \nSS is Sub-series. \nSSS is Sub-Sub series. \nSSSS is Sub-sub-sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSplit in two boxes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is series. \nSS is sub-series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArranged by docket number\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-Series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series\nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eS is Series \nSS is Sub-series\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in six series:","Series I. A.H. Robins (AHR) Company Documents","Series II. A.H. Robins Litigation Documents","Series III. US Food and Drug Administration investigation of the Dalkon Shield. ","Series IV. News Materials Concerning Dalkon Shield","Series V. Bankruptcy Documents - In re A.H. Robins; Case No. 85-01307-R","Series VI. Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust Central Records Library","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series. \nSS is Sub-series.","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series. \nS is Sub-series.","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series \nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series\nS is Sub-series","S is Series. \nSS is Sub-series.","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series. \nSS is Sub-series.\nSSS is Sub-sub-series.\nSSSS is Sub-sub-sub-series.","A. Edwin Martin","Split in two boxes.","S is Series. \nSS is Sub-series. \nSSS is Sub-Sub series. \nSSSS is Sub-sub-sub-series.","Split in two boxes.","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Series","S is series","S is series","S is Series","S is series.","S is Series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series","S is series. \nSS is sub-series.","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","Arranged by docket number","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-Series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-Series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-Series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-Series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-Series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series\nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series","S is Series \nSS is Sub-series"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eI. Introduction\u003c/emph\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe history of the Dalkon Shield spans more than thirty years and is charged with controversy at every turn. Many legal scholars and journalists have written on the subject. What follows is a very brief overview of the Shield from its creation and marketing, through tort litigation and bankruptcy, to the trust settlement of more than 200,000 claims in just over ten years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eII. Production and Sale of the Dalkon Shield, 1968-1974 \u003c/emph\u003e\n  \nThe Dalkon Shield, a contraceptive intrauterine device (IUD), was invented in the late 1960s at a time when women and their physicians were looking for a safe and simple alternative to the birth control pill. This particular model of IUD was the creation of Dr. Hugh Davis, a professor of gynecology at Johns Hopkins University Medical School, and Irwin S. Lerner, an engineer and inventor. Davis, who for several years had been testing other IUDs on patients at a family planning clinic, began to test his own device there in 1968. Davis, Lerner, and a lawyer, Robert E. Cohn, partners in a pharmaceutical laboratory, named the new IUD the Dalkon Shield. The word \"Dalkon\" apparently came from letters of the partners' last names, and \"Shield,\" from the shape of the device. By 1970, in hopes of wider marketing, they looked for a purchaser of the Shield and found the A.H. Robins Company in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  A.H. Robins (AHR), a family-run pharmaceutical company more than a hundred years old, was, by the late 1960s, the well-respected manufacturer of popular, over-the-counter products such as Robitussin cough medicines, Chapstick lip balm, Sergeants Flea \u0026amp; Tick Collars, and Dimetapp cold remedies. AHR purchased the Dalkon Shield in June of 1970 and began production in early 1971. Thanks to a vigorous sales campaign, the Shield sold well in the U.S. and abroad. Within four years, 3.6 million Dalkon Shields had been used by women worldwide.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eIII. Dalkon Shield Litigation, 1974-1985\u003c/emph\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy 1972, physicians began reporting problems with the Dalkon Shield. Besides the fact that the device had a higher failure rate as a contraceptive than Dr. Davis and AHR had touted, some users of the Shield were suffering other health complications, the most serious being spontaneous septic abortion. In the spring of 1973 two women who had become pregnant while using the Shield died of severe infection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  As early as 1971 an AHR employee had discovered that the multifilament material used for the tail string of the Shield was capable of serving as a wick and, thus, of introducing bacteria from outside the body into the sterile environment of the uterus. In the summer of 1974, when the Food and Drug Administration held hearings on IUDs and septic abortion, AHR argued that the Dalkon Shield posed no more risk that other devices, but a physician reported that his research indicated the Shield's tail string was capable of wicking bacteria. That summer, AHR suspended domestic sales of the Dalkon Shield. By the time foreign sales were suspended some months later, fifteen Shield users had died of septic abortions; 245 other women had suffered septic abortions and survived. Other problems Shield users reported included severe cramping and bleeding, ectopic pregnancies, birth defects in children carried to term, and pelvic inflammatory disease. Some complications led to sterility.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  In late 1974, the first lawsuit against AHR began in a Kansas court. The plaintiff, Connie Deemer, had suffered a perforated uterus after becoming pregnant while using the Shield. The jury awarded a relatively small amount, $10,000, in compensatory damages, but awarded $75,000 in punitive damages. Over the next six years AHR often settled cases out of court and prevailed about half the time at trial, but by 1980, when hundreds of new claims were being filed, the company was faced with punitive damages and settlements of high six- or seven-figures. Both plaintiff groups and AHR had made attempts to consolidate this litigation, but the only success in this regard was for pre-trial hearings for federal cases before the Judicial Panel on Multi-district Litigation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  In 1980, AHR sent a letter to about 200,000 physicians suggesting they remove the Shield from any women who had been using it for more than three years. In the fall of 1984, with about 3,500 claims yet to settle, the company sent another letter to doctors offering to pay for removal of the Shield from any women still using it. More claims poured in. The following spring, another Kansas jury awarded $1.75 million in compensatory damages and $7.5 million in punitive damages to Loretta Tetuan, a childless young woman whose Dalkon Shield injuries had led to a hysterectomy. Faced with more than 5,000 unresolved claims, AHR filed on August 21, 1985, for federal bankruptcy protection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eIV. Bankruptcy Proceedings, 1985-1989\u003c/emph\u003e \n  \nPresiding over the AHR bankruptcy case were U.S. District Judge Robert R. Merhige, Jr., and Bankruptcy Judge Blackwell N. Shelley. In late fall 1985, Merhige ordered a worldwide notification via newspaper and television for all persons claiming injury from the Shield to file claims with the court by April 1986. By that date the court had received over 300,000 claims from the U.S. and abroad. The court then mailed a questionnaire to claimants, to be returned by summer of 1987. After that deadline the claims numbered 197,000.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  AHR, assuming that just a few thousand outstanding claims remained, had entered bankruptcy hoping that after reorganization the company could settle its obligations with claimants and resume operations as before. However, the number of claims filed in 1986 led to an effort to locate a company which could pay off these claims in exchange for ownership of the business. Simultaneously, work began to determine a fair value of the outstanding claims. The judges appointed an examiner, Ralph Mabey, to oversee the management of AHR and to assist in handling the difficult negotiations in this complex bankruptcy and mass tort settlement. The largest group of creditors consisted of claimants represented by a number of plaintiffs' attorneys. Other creditors included banks and businesses, as well as AHR shareholders. Once bidding for the company began, potential purchasers also became involved in the settlement negotiations.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The court appointed Francis E. McGovern, a law professor who specialized in mass torts, to examine and report on a sample of resolved cases, as well as a sample of outstanding claims, so that other experts could determine the extent of AHR's liability. The experts' estimates ranged from $1.2 to $7 billion. After hearing their reports in late 1987, Merhige estimated AHR's liability to be $2.475 billion. In early 1988, American Home Products (AHP), a large manufacturer of health care products, agreed to put up about $2.3 billion to fund the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust and in the process acquire the A.H. Robins Company. The remainder of the fund came from other sources, including Aetna, which insured AHR, and the Robins family. In addition, AHP paid $700 million to AHR shareholders, of which over $300 million went to the Robins family.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  As soon as this deal was struck, five trustees were appointed to commence the work of the Trust. By spring 1988, AHR's Sixth Amended and Restated Disclosure Statement for its reorganization was mailed to claimants and other parties for approval. After approval by the requisite majority of claimants and other creditors, and after a hearing on July 28, 1988, Judge Merhige confirmed the plan. Some claimants opposed the plan, however, and a long appeal process began. The U.S. Supreme Court denied petitions for review in November 1989, and the following month the reorganization plan was consummated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eV. Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust, 1989-2001\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003eAdministration\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/emph\u003e\n  \nThe Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust, located in Richmond, Virginia, began work under the direction of five trustees appointed in mid-January 1988, and an executive director hired that August. Even before consummation, the plan provided for a start-up fund of $100 million. Consequently, in the fall of 1988 the Trust was able to offer claimants the first and simplest of several options. Under Option 1, a woman merely had to sign an affidavit affirming injury from the Dalkon Shield, and she would be paid $725. If her husband or injured child chose, he (or she) could also file under this option and receive $300. During the pre-consummation period the Trust could also pay liquidated claims. By the time the Disclosure Statement was consummated in December, the Trust had settled 85,000 Option 1 claims for about $60 million.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The Disclosure Statement laid out the basic principles under which the Trust was to operate. The purpose of the Claims Resolution Facility (CRF) was to \"provide all persons full payment of valid claims at the earliest possible time consistent with the efficient design and implementation of the claims resolution facility. This purpose [was] to be achieved by (1) providing an efficient economical mechanism for liquidating claims which [favored] settlement over arbitration and litigation, thereby reducing transaction costs, (2) providing claimants with an attractive alternative to trial by jury where settlement [was] not achieved, (3) providing fair and equitable compensation based upon historic values . . . to persons injured by the Dalkon Shield.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The Trust's responsibility was to the claimants as a collective whole, and all claimants were to be treated equally and fairly. Also the Trust was non-reversionary, which is to say that any funds remaining at the end would not revert to AHP, but instead would be distributed among the claimants. Nor would the Trust award punitive damages to certain claimants, as in tort litigation, but instead would pay out whatever funds remained at the end on a pro rata basis to all claimants with documented injuries. One of the most important purposes of the plan was to establish \"global peace.\" That is, the plan stipulated that any and all claims involving the Dalkon Shield would be resolved once and for all by the Trust, and therefore AHR, its purchaser AHP, Aetna, doctors, clinics, and hospitals would no longer be liable for Dalkon Shield injuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The plan also provided general guidelines for evaluating claims. For example, both represented and unrepresented claimants were to be treated equally and without regard to where they might sue on their claims. In addition, the plan outlined the injuries for which claimants would be compensated. Subsequently, the Trust devised an elaborate review process for the most serious injuries, insuring as nearly as possible the fair and consistent treatment of every claim. Furthermore, the Trust's offers would be \"best and final,\" and not subject to negotiation before litigation. If claimants were dissatisfied with their offers, they were encouraged to choose from several methods of settlement in order to avoid a costly trial.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The CRF laid out four claims options. Option 1, described above, was ultimately chosen by 133,000 users and their relatives. Option 2 was for claimants who had proof of Shield use as well as proof of injury, but no documentation of a connection between the two. Relatively few claimants (18,000) chose this option, which paid between $850 and $5,500 in fixed allotments based upon type of injury. Option 3 was the category where the most money was paid and the most thorough documentation of injury was required. Here the claimant had to produce medical records showing that her use of the Shield was the direct cause of her documented injuries. Payments in this category went as high as $4 million, although the average was $31,000. Each case was carefully evaluated, and the award was assigned based upon the nature of the individual's circumstances. About 47,000 claimants chose Option 3. Finally, Option 4 allowed claimants to defer their choice if they were not yet certain of the extent of their injuries. Spouses as well as injured children could file their own claims in any of the three categories based upon the nature of the user's injury and medical records.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  During the bankruptcy proceedings, efforts were made to notify all claimants worldwide and get them to submit their claims during 1986. However, late claims came in, and the court and the Trust ultimately honored legitimate claims filed between the April 1986 deadline and September 1989. A class action suit filed against Aetna for its alleged compliance in AHR's liability was settled by establishing a fund to pay late claims. Named the Breland Insurance Trust (BIT) (Glenda Breland was the first-named claimant in the class action), this fund was created from the proceeds of two $50 million insurance policies and was intended first to supplement the Trust if necessary. But if that were not necessary, the BIT would be used to pay late claimants and persons whose claims had been reinstated after initially being disallowed. The BIT began making payments in 1994 when it became clear that the Trust had ample funds. The Breland claims were handled exactly like Trust claims, but dissatisfied Breland claimants were not allowed to take their settlements to litigation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  A second smaller trust, called the Other Claimants Trust, was established with $5 million from the Robins family and $45 million from the sale of AHR. The purpose of the OTR was to cover the financial losses of doctors, hospitals, and clinics as a result of their involvement with the Dalkon Shield.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  As soon as the Trust was fully funded at the end of 1989, work began to determine values for Option 3 claims. Trustees and Trust staff, statisticians, and a few plaintiffs' lawyers worked for months examining settlements and awards AHR had paid, as well as the data about the nature of outstanding claims that had been captured in the McGovern survey. Keeping an eye always on the total amount of the Trust's assets, this working group eventually set values on every foreseeable type of injury. Their work was then evaluated by a group of plaintiffs' attorneys who had handled large numbers of Dalkon Shield suits before bankruptcy. The process of establishing evaluation guidelines for Option 3 claims took more than a year.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Meanwhile claimants were sent packets informing them of the details of Options 2 and 3. Great care was taken to explain the process clearly so that it would not be necessary for claimants to hire an attorney unless they chose to do so. The Trust hired staff to assist claimants in filing claims and to secure medical records for them if their own efforts were fruitless. Another team of staff members checked the claims to be sure they were complete before sending them to reviewers. The Trust hired novices in the claims review process and gave them sixteen weeks of intensive training in evaluating gynecological injuries before they began work. After a value was placed on a claim, a supervisor reviewed the file again before the offer was mailed to the claimant.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  For the most part claims were evaluated in the order in which documentation reached completion. Higher priority, however, was afforded the claimants whose suits had been frozen when AHR declared bankruptcy, and those who had participated in the McGovern survey. In addition, claimants with critical health issues were given priority. Couples who were rendered childless because of the Shield could apply right away for funds for in vitro fertilization.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Once a claimant received her settlement offer, which was \"best and final,\" she had to decide whether to accept or reject it. If she was not pleased with the amount and wanted to go to arbitration or litigation, the Trust required her to attend a settlement conference first. There she could discuss her claim with a Trust representative, who would explain how the Trust had reached the figure offered. At this time the claimant was allowed to present new medical evidence that had not been available when she filed her claim. If new documentation was offered, the Trust would re-evaluate her claim. Otherwise, the Trust stood by the original amount offered. If the claimant remained dissatisfied, she could choose to proceed to arbitration or litigation. Another choice was Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), a relatively simple and speedy form of arbitration.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The ADR process opened in April of 1993 with an award cap of $10,000. When the cap was raised to $20,000 five months later, ADR became popular with claimants dissatisfied with the Trust's offer. In the end, 6,600 chose ADR. A smaller number chose to go to formal arbitration, and fewer still chose litigation. Because the Trust was committed to keeping costs as low as possible, every effort was made to avoid expensive trials. Of the 47,000 claims that were settled under Option 3, 41,000 were accepted; about 6,000 of them were resolved in ADR; 70 in arbitration; and only 90 went to trial.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Although it was necessary for the CRF to allow settlement by these more traditional tort means, by far the majority of claimants worked directly with the Trust, without aid of an attorney, and accepted the Trust's offer. Those who had legal assistance received slightly larger awards on average, but they then had to pay their attorney's fees out of the award.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  By 1995 it became clear that more than enough funds were left to cover the remaining claims. Furthermore, the Trust's investments had earned $800 million and at that point administrative costs were running $200 million lower than had been anticipated. So in that year the Trust made the first of a half-dozen pro rata payments. Claimants who had been paid more than $725 under Option 2 or 3 were eligible for pro rata payments. By the time the Trust closed in the summer of 2001, pro rata payments had totaled about $1.5 billion, and eligible claimants had been paid just over 100% above their initial settlement amounts. By December 1996, 97% of the claims had been settled. The Trust began reducing its staff, and those who remained took care of the small portion of claims that were being appealed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLegal Department. When the Trust was opened in 1989, staff was hired to handle the anticipated legal issues. General Counsel, Linda Thomason, was assisted by a team of in-house lawyers as well as attorneys in other parts of the country where claims were contested. At the outset the Trust also hired, as outside counsel, Michael W. Smith and Orran L. Brown with the Richmond law firm of Christian, Barton, Epps, Brent \u0026amp; Chappell. Eventually Brown carried on alone in that position, and in the spring of 1993 he established his office in the building where the Trust was located. His principal duties were to interpret the Reorganization Plan and handle injunction enforcement issues on the Trust's behalf. Some of the major interpretation issues included whether claimants could sue for punitive damages and attorney's fees, whether pre- or post-judgment interest would be allowed, whether the Plan forced the Trust to concede product liability, and whether the list of injuries in the CRF could be taken as an admission that such injuries were caused by the Dalkon Shield.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The Reorganization Plan discharged A.H. Robins, and all persons connected with it, as well as American Home Products, of any liability for tort or other claims relating to the Dalkon Shield. The Plan also enjoined claimants from bringing suit against these corporations and persons, or against hospitals, clinics, or physicians. When claimants did attempt such suits, the Trust moved to enforce the injunction.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  In 1991 the Trust filed a motion with the district court for an order to establish guidelines for arbitration and litigation. Amended Administrative Order Number One set parameters for discovery, and it directed that a document depository be established and made accessible to claimants. The order provided a system to insure that claimants who chose arbitration and litigation followed a prescribed procedure, and it reiterated the CRF's disallowance of trebled, exemplary or punitive damages, or attorney's fees.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The purpose of the Trust, as stated in the CRF, was to provide \"an efficient economical mechanism for liquidating claims which [favored] settlement over arbitration and litigation\" and to provide \"an attractive alternative to trial by jury where settlement [was] not achieved.\" Once a settlement offer was made, the Trust was willing to discuss the evaluation in a settlement conference but it refused to negotiate. Many claimants dissatisfied with their offers went to ADR. Others choose the more costly options of arbitration or trial in hopes of receiving a much higher award. At this point the playing field changed, and Trust no longer waived various defenses. For example, if the statute of limitations had run out before she filed her claim, the Trust employed that defense. In other words, the Trust did all it could to discourage claimants from choosing expensive methods of resolving disputes, adhering to the principle that if all claims were settled equally and efficiently, there would be a greater amount to be shared among all.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Two decisions of the Trustees aided the settlement process. Raising the cap on ADR awards from $10,000 to $20,000 in 1993 made this process very popular with claimants. Two years later when the pro rata payments commenced for those with offers higher than $725, many claimants who were initially dissatisfied realized their awards would ultimately be more generous than they had thought.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Many legal issues required judicial intervention during the course of the Trust's existence. One controversial issue concerned the Trust's holdback policy. In a case where a claimant was awarded a higher amount in litigation, the Trust reserved the right, upheld by the court, to defer paying the difference between the trial award and the original offer until there was assurance that all claims could be paid. Often when claimants brought their cases in state court, the Trust attempted to have them removed to federal court. There were many questions surrounding how ADR and arbitration would be handled. One case regarding burden of proof in ADR,\u003ctitle render=\"italic\" type=\"simple\"\u003eReichel v. Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust\u003c/title\u003e, was decided in the Trust's favor by the district court but partially overturned by the Fourth Circuit, which said that the claimant only had to provide a \"presumption of causation.\" Plaintiffs were unsuccessful in getting this ruling to apply to arbitration and litigation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  In 1995 when the Trust began making pro rata payments, Judge Merhige on his own initiative issued an order limiting claimants' attorneys from recovering more that ten percent from those payments. One impetus for this ruling was complaints he had heard through the years from claimants whose attorneys had received a large percentage of their initial awards as contingent fees. The judge also knew that since pro rata payments would be made in cases that had been settled, little or no additional work was required of the attorneys. However, this order provoked protest from the plaintiffs' bar, and a group of twenty-nine lawyers appealed the order. The Fourth Circuit, calling \"this litigation and appeal . . . wonderful examples of chutzpah,\" affirmed Judge Merhige's order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Although Brown spent about ten years representing the Trust, and some of the cases stretched over many of those years, the legal costs were ultimately lower than anticipated. While a couple hundred cases were filed, in the end only about ninety went to trial. Nonetheless, the legal issues and claims that were litigated required the attention of the legal department for about five years after the vast majority of the claims were settled. Pro rata distributions from the remainder of the Trust were issued over time as the number of unresolved cases diminished.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph\u003eVI. Conclusion\u003c/emph\u003e \n  \nThe Disclosure Statement had given the Trust twenty years to settle 197,000 claims. With the allowance of late claims, the Trust ultimately paid a little over 218,000 claims and settled the vast majority of them in only seven years. Although the Trust operated particularly cautiously at the outset in order to be sure all claimants could be paid fairly, this extreme care worked to the benefit of the claimants in the end. Thanks in large part to the Trust's diligence, caution, and wise investments, the most seriously injured claimants saw their awards doubled. In terms of fairness and efficiency, the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust achieved, in the opinion of many, the most successful resolution of a mass tort case in the twentieth century.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["I. Introduction","The history of the Dalkon Shield spans more than thirty years and is charged with controversy at every turn. Many legal scholars and journalists have written on the subject. What follows is a very brief overview of the Shield from its creation and marketing, through tort litigation and bankruptcy, to the trust settlement of more than 200,000 claims in just over ten years.","II. Production and Sale of the Dalkon Shield, 1968-1974  \n  \nThe Dalkon Shield, a contraceptive intrauterine device (IUD), was invented in the late 1960s at a time when women and their physicians were looking for a safe and simple alternative to the birth control pill. This particular model of IUD was the creation of Dr. Hugh Davis, a professor of gynecology at Johns Hopkins University Medical School, and Irwin S. Lerner, an engineer and inventor. Davis, who for several years had been testing other IUDs on patients at a family planning clinic, began to test his own device there in 1968. Davis, Lerner, and a lawyer, Robert E. Cohn, partners in a pharmaceutical laboratory, named the new IUD the Dalkon Shield. The word \"Dalkon\" apparently came from letters of the partners' last names, and \"Shield,\" from the shape of the device. By 1970, in hopes of wider marketing, they looked for a purchaser of the Shield and found the A.H. Robins Company in Richmond, Virginia.","  A.H. Robins (AHR), a family-run pharmaceutical company more than a hundred years old, was, by the late 1960s, the well-respected manufacturer of popular, over-the-counter products such as Robitussin cough medicines, Chapstick lip balm, Sergeants Flea \u0026 Tick Collars, and Dimetapp cold remedies. AHR purchased the Dalkon Shield in June of 1970 and began production in early 1971. Thanks to a vigorous sales campaign, the Shield sold well in the U.S. and abroad. Within four years, 3.6 million Dalkon Shields had been used by women worldwide.","III. Dalkon Shield Litigation, 1974-1985","By 1972, physicians began reporting problems with the Dalkon Shield. Besides the fact that the device had a higher failure rate as a contraceptive than Dr. Davis and AHR had touted, some users of the Shield were suffering other health complications, the most serious being spontaneous septic abortion. In the spring of 1973 two women who had become pregnant while using the Shield died of severe infection.","  As early as 1971 an AHR employee had discovered that the multifilament material used for the tail string of the Shield was capable of serving as a wick and, thus, of introducing bacteria from outside the body into the sterile environment of the uterus. In the summer of 1974, when the Food and Drug Administration held hearings on IUDs and septic abortion, AHR argued that the Dalkon Shield posed no more risk that other devices, but a physician reported that his research indicated the Shield's tail string was capable of wicking bacteria. That summer, AHR suspended domestic sales of the Dalkon Shield. By the time foreign sales were suspended some months later, fifteen Shield users had died of septic abortions; 245 other women had suffered septic abortions and survived. Other problems Shield users reported included severe cramping and bleeding, ectopic pregnancies, birth defects in children carried to term, and pelvic inflammatory disease. Some complications led to sterility.","  In late 1974, the first lawsuit against AHR began in a Kansas court. The plaintiff, Connie Deemer, had suffered a perforated uterus after becoming pregnant while using the Shield. The jury awarded a relatively small amount, $10,000, in compensatory damages, but awarded $75,000 in punitive damages. Over the next six years AHR often settled cases out of court and prevailed about half the time at trial, but by 1980, when hundreds of new claims were being filed, the company was faced with punitive damages and settlements of high six- or seven-figures. Both plaintiff groups and AHR had made attempts to consolidate this litigation, but the only success in this regard was for pre-trial hearings for federal cases before the Judicial Panel on Multi-district Litigation.","  In 1980, AHR sent a letter to about 200,000 physicians suggesting they remove the Shield from any women who had been using it for more than three years. In the fall of 1984, with about 3,500 claims yet to settle, the company sent another letter to doctors offering to pay for removal of the Shield from any women still using it. More claims poured in. The following spring, another Kansas jury awarded $1.75 million in compensatory damages and $7.5 million in punitive damages to Loretta Tetuan, a childless young woman whose Dalkon Shield injuries had led to a hysterectomy. Faced with more than 5,000 unresolved claims, AHR filed on August 21, 1985, for federal bankruptcy protection.","IV. Bankruptcy Proceedings, 1985-1989  \n  \nPresiding over the AHR bankruptcy case were U.S. District Judge Robert R. Merhige, Jr., and Bankruptcy Judge Blackwell N. Shelley. In late fall 1985, Merhige ordered a worldwide notification via newspaper and television for all persons claiming injury from the Shield to file claims with the court by April 1986. By that date the court had received over 300,000 claims from the U.S. and abroad. The court then mailed a questionnaire to claimants, to be returned by summer of 1987. After that deadline the claims numbered 197,000.","  AHR, assuming that just a few thousand outstanding claims remained, had entered bankruptcy hoping that after reorganization the company could settle its obligations with claimants and resume operations as before. However, the number of claims filed in 1986 led to an effort to locate a company which could pay off these claims in exchange for ownership of the business. Simultaneously, work began to determine a fair value of the outstanding claims. The judges appointed an examiner, Ralph Mabey, to oversee the management of AHR and to assist in handling the difficult negotiations in this complex bankruptcy and mass tort settlement. The largest group of creditors consisted of claimants represented by a number of plaintiffs' attorneys. Other creditors included banks and businesses, as well as AHR shareholders. Once bidding for the company began, potential purchasers also became involved in the settlement negotiations.","  The court appointed Francis E. McGovern, a law professor who specialized in mass torts, to examine and report on a sample of resolved cases, as well as a sample of outstanding claims, so that other experts could determine the extent of AHR's liability. The experts' estimates ranged from $1.2 to $7 billion. After hearing their reports in late 1987, Merhige estimated AHR's liability to be $2.475 billion. In early 1988, American Home Products (AHP), a large manufacturer of health care products, agreed to put up about $2.3 billion to fund the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust and in the process acquire the A.H. Robins Company. The remainder of the fund came from other sources, including Aetna, which insured AHR, and the Robins family. In addition, AHP paid $700 million to AHR shareholders, of which over $300 million went to the Robins family.","  As soon as this deal was struck, five trustees were appointed to commence the work of the Trust. By spring 1988, AHR's Sixth Amended and Restated Disclosure Statement for its reorganization was mailed to claimants and other parties for approval. After approval by the requisite majority of claimants and other creditors, and after a hearing on July 28, 1988, Judge Merhige confirmed the plan. Some claimants opposed the plan, however, and a long appeal process began. The U.S. Supreme Court denied petitions for review in November 1989, and the following month the reorganization plan was consummated.","V. Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust, 1989-2001 Administration \n  \nThe Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust, located in Richmond, Virginia, began work under the direction of five trustees appointed in mid-January 1988, and an executive director hired that August. Even before consummation, the plan provided for a start-up fund of $100 million. Consequently, in the fall of 1988 the Trust was able to offer claimants the first and simplest of several options. Under Option 1, a woman merely had to sign an affidavit affirming injury from the Dalkon Shield, and she would be paid $725. If her husband or injured child chose, he (or she) could also file under this option and receive $300. During the pre-consummation period the Trust could also pay liquidated claims. By the time the Disclosure Statement was consummated in December, the Trust had settled 85,000 Option 1 claims for about $60 million.","  The Disclosure Statement laid out the basic principles under which the Trust was to operate. The purpose of the Claims Resolution Facility (CRF) was to \"provide all persons full payment of valid claims at the earliest possible time consistent with the efficient design and implementation of the claims resolution facility. This purpose [was] to be achieved by (1) providing an efficient economical mechanism for liquidating claims which [favored] settlement over arbitration and litigation, thereby reducing transaction costs, (2) providing claimants with an attractive alternative to trial by jury where settlement [was] not achieved, (3) providing fair and equitable compensation based upon historic values . . . to persons injured by the Dalkon Shield.\"","  The Trust's responsibility was to the claimants as a collective whole, and all claimants were to be treated equally and fairly. Also the Trust was non-reversionary, which is to say that any funds remaining at the end would not revert to AHP, but instead would be distributed among the claimants. Nor would the Trust award punitive damages to certain claimants, as in tort litigation, but instead would pay out whatever funds remained at the end on a pro rata basis to all claimants with documented injuries. One of the most important purposes of the plan was to establish \"global peace.\" That is, the plan stipulated that any and all claims involving the Dalkon Shield would be resolved once and for all by the Trust, and therefore AHR, its purchaser AHP, Aetna, doctors, clinics, and hospitals would no longer be liable for Dalkon Shield injuries.","  The plan also provided general guidelines for evaluating claims. For example, both represented and unrepresented claimants were to be treated equally and without regard to where they might sue on their claims. In addition, the plan outlined the injuries for which claimants would be compensated. Subsequently, the Trust devised an elaborate review process for the most serious injuries, insuring as nearly as possible the fair and consistent treatment of every claim. Furthermore, the Trust's offers would be \"best and final,\" and not subject to negotiation before litigation. If claimants were dissatisfied with their offers, they were encouraged to choose from several methods of settlement in order to avoid a costly trial.","  The CRF laid out four claims options. Option 1, described above, was ultimately chosen by 133,000 users and their relatives. Option 2 was for claimants who had proof of Shield use as well as proof of injury, but no documentation of a connection between the two. Relatively few claimants (18,000) chose this option, which paid between $850 and $5,500 in fixed allotments based upon type of injury. Option 3 was the category where the most money was paid and the most thorough documentation of injury was required. Here the claimant had to produce medical records showing that her use of the Shield was the direct cause of her documented injuries. Payments in this category went as high as $4 million, although the average was $31,000. Each case was carefully evaluated, and the award was assigned based upon the nature of the individual's circumstances. About 47,000 claimants chose Option 3. Finally, Option 4 allowed claimants to defer their choice if they were not yet certain of the extent of their injuries. Spouses as well as injured children could file their own claims in any of the three categories based upon the nature of the user's injury and medical records.","  During the bankruptcy proceedings, efforts were made to notify all claimants worldwide and get them to submit their claims during 1986. However, late claims came in, and the court and the Trust ultimately honored legitimate claims filed between the April 1986 deadline and September 1989. A class action suit filed against Aetna for its alleged compliance in AHR's liability was settled by establishing a fund to pay late claims. Named the Breland Insurance Trust (BIT) (Glenda Breland was the first-named claimant in the class action), this fund was created from the proceeds of two $50 million insurance policies and was intended first to supplement the Trust if necessary. But if that were not necessary, the BIT would be used to pay late claimants and persons whose claims had been reinstated after initially being disallowed. The BIT began making payments in 1994 when it became clear that the Trust had ample funds. The Breland claims were handled exactly like Trust claims, but dissatisfied Breland claimants were not allowed to take their settlements to litigation.","  A second smaller trust, called the Other Claimants Trust, was established with $5 million from the Robins family and $45 million from the sale of AHR. The purpose of the OTR was to cover the financial losses of doctors, hospitals, and clinics as a result of their involvement with the Dalkon Shield.","  As soon as the Trust was fully funded at the end of 1989, work began to determine values for Option 3 claims. Trustees and Trust staff, statisticians, and a few plaintiffs' lawyers worked for months examining settlements and awards AHR had paid, as well as the data about the nature of outstanding claims that had been captured in the McGovern survey. Keeping an eye always on the total amount of the Trust's assets, this working group eventually set values on every foreseeable type of injury. Their work was then evaluated by a group of plaintiffs' attorneys who had handled large numbers of Dalkon Shield suits before bankruptcy. The process of establishing evaluation guidelines for Option 3 claims took more than a year.","  Meanwhile claimants were sent packets informing them of the details of Options 2 and 3. Great care was taken to explain the process clearly so that it would not be necessary for claimants to hire an attorney unless they chose to do so. The Trust hired staff to assist claimants in filing claims and to secure medical records for them if their own efforts were fruitless. Another team of staff members checked the claims to be sure they were complete before sending them to reviewers. The Trust hired novices in the claims review process and gave them sixteen weeks of intensive training in evaluating gynecological injuries before they began work. After a value was placed on a claim, a supervisor reviewed the file again before the offer was mailed to the claimant.","  For the most part claims were evaluated in the order in which documentation reached completion. Higher priority, however, was afforded the claimants whose suits had been frozen when AHR declared bankruptcy, and those who had participated in the McGovern survey. In addition, claimants with critical health issues were given priority. Couples who were rendered childless because of the Shield could apply right away for funds for in vitro fertilization.","  Once a claimant received her settlement offer, which was \"best and final,\" she had to decide whether to accept or reject it. If she was not pleased with the amount and wanted to go to arbitration or litigation, the Trust required her to attend a settlement conference first. There she could discuss her claim with a Trust representative, who would explain how the Trust had reached the figure offered. At this time the claimant was allowed to present new medical evidence that had not been available when she filed her claim. If new documentation was offered, the Trust would re-evaluate her claim. Otherwise, the Trust stood by the original amount offered. If the claimant remained dissatisfied, she could choose to proceed to arbitration or litigation. Another choice was Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), a relatively simple and speedy form of arbitration.","  The ADR process opened in April of 1993 with an award cap of $10,000. When the cap was raised to $20,000 five months later, ADR became popular with claimants dissatisfied with the Trust's offer. In the end, 6,600 chose ADR. A smaller number chose to go to formal arbitration, and fewer still chose litigation. Because the Trust was committed to keeping costs as low as possible, every effort was made to avoid expensive trials. Of the 47,000 claims that were settled under Option 3, 41,000 were accepted; about 6,000 of them were resolved in ADR; 70 in arbitration; and only 90 went to trial.","  Although it was necessary for the CRF to allow settlement by these more traditional tort means, by far the majority of claimants worked directly with the Trust, without aid of an attorney, and accepted the Trust's offer. Those who had legal assistance received slightly larger awards on average, but they then had to pay their attorney's fees out of the award.","  By 1995 it became clear that more than enough funds were left to cover the remaining claims. Furthermore, the Trust's investments had earned $800 million and at that point administrative costs were running $200 million lower than had been anticipated. So in that year the Trust made the first of a half-dozen pro rata payments. Claimants who had been paid more than $725 under Option 2 or 3 were eligible for pro rata payments. By the time the Trust closed in the summer of 2001, pro rata payments had totaled about $1.5 billion, and eligible claimants had been paid just over 100% above their initial settlement amounts. By December 1996, 97% of the claims had been settled. The Trust began reducing its staff, and those who remained took care of the small portion of claims that were being appealed.","Legal Department. When the Trust was opened in 1989, staff was hired to handle the anticipated legal issues. General Counsel, Linda Thomason, was assisted by a team of in-house lawyers as well as attorneys in other parts of the country where claims were contested. At the outset the Trust also hired, as outside counsel, Michael W. Smith and Orran L. Brown with the Richmond law firm of Christian, Barton, Epps, Brent \u0026 Chappell. Eventually Brown carried on alone in that position, and in the spring of 1993 he established his office in the building where the Trust was located. His principal duties were to interpret the Reorganization Plan and handle injunction enforcement issues on the Trust's behalf. Some of the major interpretation issues included whether claimants could sue for punitive damages and attorney's fees, whether pre- or post-judgment interest would be allowed, whether the Plan forced the Trust to concede product liability, and whether the list of injuries in the CRF could be taken as an admission that such injuries were caused by the Dalkon Shield.","  The Reorganization Plan discharged A.H. Robins, and all persons connected with it, as well as American Home Products, of any liability for tort or other claims relating to the Dalkon Shield. The Plan also enjoined claimants from bringing suit against these corporations and persons, or against hospitals, clinics, or physicians. When claimants did attempt such suits, the Trust moved to enforce the injunction.","  In 1991 the Trust filed a motion with the district court for an order to establish guidelines for arbitration and litigation. Amended Administrative Order Number One set parameters for discovery, and it directed that a document depository be established and made accessible to claimants. The order provided a system to insure that claimants who chose arbitration and litigation followed a prescribed procedure, and it reiterated the CRF's disallowance of trebled, exemplary or punitive damages, or attorney's fees.","  The purpose of the Trust, as stated in the CRF, was to provide \"an efficient economical mechanism for liquidating claims which [favored] settlement over arbitration and litigation\" and to provide \"an attractive alternative to trial by jury where settlement [was] not achieved.\" Once a settlement offer was made, the Trust was willing to discuss the evaluation in a settlement conference but it refused to negotiate. Many claimants dissatisfied with their offers went to ADR. Others choose the more costly options of arbitration or trial in hopes of receiving a much higher award. At this point the playing field changed, and Trust no longer waived various defenses. For example, if the statute of limitations had run out before she filed her claim, the Trust employed that defense. In other words, the Trust did all it could to discourage claimants from choosing expensive methods of resolving disputes, adhering to the principle that if all claims were settled equally and efficiently, there would be a greater amount to be shared among all.","  Two decisions of the Trustees aided the settlement process. Raising the cap on ADR awards from $10,000 to $20,000 in 1993 made this process very popular with claimants. Two years later when the pro rata payments commenced for those with offers higher than $725, many claimants who were initially dissatisfied realized their awards would ultimately be more generous than they had thought.","  Many legal issues required judicial intervention during the course of the Trust's existence. One controversial issue concerned the Trust's holdback policy. In a case where a claimant was awarded a higher amount in litigation, the Trust reserved the right, upheld by the court, to defer paying the difference between the trial award and the original offer until there was assurance that all claims could be paid. Often when claimants brought their cases in state court, the Trust attempted to have them removed to federal court. There were many questions surrounding how ADR and arbitration would be handled. One case regarding burden of proof in ADR, Reichel v. Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust , was decided in the Trust's favor by the district court but partially overturned by the Fourth Circuit, which said that the claimant only had to provide a \"presumption of causation.\" Plaintiffs were unsuccessful in getting this ruling to apply to arbitration and litigation.","  In 1995 when the Trust began making pro rata payments, Judge Merhige on his own initiative issued an order limiting claimants' attorneys from recovering more that ten percent from those payments. One impetus for this ruling was complaints he had heard through the years from claimants whose attorneys had received a large percentage of their initial awards as contingent fees. The judge also knew that since pro rata payments would be made in cases that had been settled, little or no additional work was required of the attorneys. However, this order provoked protest from the plaintiffs' bar, and a group of twenty-nine lawyers appealed the order. The Fourth Circuit, calling \"this litigation and appeal . . . wonderful examples of chutzpah,\" affirmed Judge Merhige's order.","  Although Brown spent about ten years representing the Trust, and some of the cases stretched over many of those years, the legal costs were ultimately lower than anticipated. While a couple hundred cases were filed, in the end only about ninety went to trial. Nonetheless, the legal issues and claims that were litigated required the attention of the legal department for about five years after the vast majority of the claims were settled. Pro rata distributions from the remainder of the Trust were issued over time as the number of unresolved cases diminished.","VI. Conclusion  \n  \nThe Disclosure Statement had given the Trust twenty years to settle 197,000 claims. With the allowance of late claims, the Trust ultimately paid a little over 218,000 claims and settled the vast majority of them in only seven years. Although the Trust operated particularly cautiously at the outset in order to be sure all claimants could be paid fairly, this extreme care worked to the benefit of the claimants in the end. Thanks in large part to the Trust's diligence, caution, and wise investments, the most seriously injured claimants saw their awards doubled. In terms of fairness and efficiency, the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust achieved, in the opinion of many, the most successful resolution of a mass tort case in the twentieth century."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eIn 1975 a Multi-District Litigation Panel was set up to consolidate over one hundred Dalkon Shield personal injury tort cases pending in federal district courts in over a third of the states. The pretrial proceedings were held before U. S. District Judge Frank Theis in Wichita, Kansas. Bradley Post, a Wichita lawyer who had represented Connie Deemer, the first woman to win a verdict against Robins for her Dalkon Shield injuries, was chosen lead lawyer in the consolidated cases. Post led the court-ordered discovery proceedings that ran from 1976 through the late 1970s and resumed in 1981 and 1982.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  AHR was ordered to produce copies of tens of thousands of documents and to store them at the Richmond offices of McGuire, Woods \u0026amp; Battle, the law firm handling its defense. The collection of documents became known as the Source Files. Documents in the following subject categories were requested, copied and numbered at various times from 1976 through 1982: Research \u0026amp; Development, Adverse Reaction, Manufacturing, Administration, Commercial, Government, International, FDA (Food and Drug Administration), and Bibliography.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  In 1991, by administrative order, the Trust was directed to \"maintain a document depository in Richmond, Virginia, containing substantially all documents which the Trust, using its best efforts, has identified as having been produced without qualification by Robins in pre-petition Dalkon Shield personal injury tort litigation.\" The depository, to be made accessible to claimants and their attorneys, was comprised of documents previously in the custody of McGuire, Woods and was located at Datastor, a facility on the east end of the city.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The A.H. Robins Company documents consist of the master group, the Source Files, produced under the direction of Judge Frank Theis in the late 1970s and early 1980s. In addition, there are a number of subsets of the Source Files gathered and arranged by plaintiffs' attorneys, and additional documents produced under orders from other judges in the mid-1980s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAccording to a Trust memorandum, (see notebook labeled Background Information re Document Depository), AHR and its attorneys began collecting, reviewing, and copying these documents, later known as the Source Files, as early as 1975. In 1976 when the Multi-District Litigation Panel was set up, the range of documents was expanded to include information on Robins' international sales, and on its interactions with Hugh Davis, Robert Cohn, Thad Earl, and Irwin S. Lerner. Plaintiffs involved in the MDL proceedings were allowed access to all documents that were not privileged. The copies, held in Richmond in the custody of McGuire, Woods, were made from the original documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The Law Library completed a project begun sometime ago to convert the Source Files to microform. Documents 1 through 171, 245 are available on microfiche; and 171,246 through 211, 892, on microfilm. Researchers may gain access to the Source File documents through any of its four indexes: document number, document date, name of document writer, and document type and date. The indexes are in three-ring notebooks, and on microfilm reels 1 to 6.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Two types of materials in the Source Files, numbers 189,673 through 207,502, are not in microform (4 cartons, 5 linear feet). The first are computer printouts of names and addresses of the 200,000 doctors to whom AHR wrote in the early 1980s, requesting removal of the Shield. Box 1 contains names and addresses for physicians in Colombia, Sweden, The Netherlands, South Africa, and Australia; Box 2, for Mexico, Philippines, Germany, Denmark, Finland, France, and Venezuela; and Box 3, for the United States. Second, in Box 4, is a collection of used Dalkon Shields sent back to AHR by Thad Earl, David Ostergard, and other doctors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe MDL Chrono Files are a chronological arrangement of 1300 of some of the more important documents from the Source Files and were offered in evidence during the1976-1978 MDL discovery proceedings. The date range of the Chrono Files is 1938 to 1977, with the bulk of the documents falling between 1971 and 1975. In some cases the copy in the Chrono Files is more legible than the one in the Source Files.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  There is no list or index for the Chrono Files. Boxed with the files was a subject index to the first 183,000 SF documents; this index which pairs Source File number with subject was prepared in 1979. The Chrono Files are available on microfilm reels 19-22, as well as on paper in Boxes 1-6 (2.5 linear feet).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBradley Post preserved a set of selected Robins Source File documents which he had submitted as evidence in a case around 1979. The Post documents are arranged chronologically and numbered 1 to 836 in the upper left corner; the Source File number is visible in the lower left corner. The date range is 1938 to 1979, with bulk dates of 1971 to 1975. The Post documents are available on microfilm reels 22 and 23. A list of numbered Post documents providing extensive information about each entry is available on paper and also precedes the documents on the film.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1983 Robins, Zelle, Larson \u0026amp; Kaplan, a large firm in Minneapolis acquired about two hundred Dalkon Shield cases from another practice, and the firm appointed experienced plaintiffs' attorneys Dale Larson and Michael Ciresi to handle them. For the case of Shirley Dean v. A. H. Robins, the lawyers submitted as evidence 3,789 documents they had chosen from the Robins Source Files. Those documents comprise this subset and are arranged chronologically and numbered 1 to 3,789, usually near the top of the first page of the document; the Source File number is visible in the lower left corner. The dates range from 1938 to 1984, but are concentrated in the years 1970 to 1980. The Robins, Zelle documents are available on microfilm reels 23-31. The list of numbered Robins, Zelle documents provides extensive information about each entry; it is available on paper, and it also precedes the documents on the film.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1983 Minnesota U.S. District Judge Miles Lord began hearing Dalkon Shield cases. By early 1984 he believed there were pertinent documents AHR had not produced during multi-district proceedings in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He, therefore, ordered a re-opening of discovery specifically for a number of categories, including correspondence with Aetna, AHR's insurance company, correspondence between certain top company officials and AHR lawyers, and documents relating to testing of Dalkon Shield safety. Furthermore, Lord appointed two attorneys to go to Richmond to supervise the production of these documents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The Lord Responsive documents are available on microfilm reels 31-33. These document numbers appear at the end of the Source File Document Number Index, but since a substantial number of them did not pertain to Lord's order, or were privileged, there are not corresponding documents for all the numbers. An annotated copy of the Lord pages from the Index precedes the documents on the film, and there the researcher can determine which documents will appear.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1984 and early 1985 lawyers for Claire Zelius were preparing their case against AHR in Florida. The federal district court allowed them to seek additional Robins documents, principally unpublished scientific or medical studies on the Dalkon Shield tail string.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The Zelius Production documents are available on microfilm reels 34-41. The documents have been numbered, although there is no corresponding index for them in the Source Files index. Available on paper, and preceding the Zelius documents on microfilm, is an index which ties production date to a note book number, followed by another index which is a short list of doctors' names for depositions they gave in other cases.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProduction commenced on the Dalkon Shield intrauterine device in 1968 under the direction of inventors Hugh Davis, gynecologist, and Irwin Lerner, electrical engineer. In early 1970 Davis and Lerner looked for a pharmaceutical company to market their product more widely, and by June of that year, AHR agreed to purchase it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The Dalkon Shield came in two sizes: standard, for women who had already had children (multiparous), and small, for women who had never had children (nulliparous). Shaped somewhat like a law enforcement officer's badge, hence its name, the Shield had five fingers protruding along each side, so that it also looked somewhat like a crab. Tied to its base was a three-inch length of synthetic polyfilament otherwise used for surgical sutures. In the case of the Shield, this filament, called the tail string, was principally designed for easy removal of the IUD.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The A.H. Robins Company began production and sales in early 1971. Domestic sales were suspended in June of 1974, although foreign sales continued until August 1975. By the time sales ceased altogether, 3,600,000 Dalkon Shields had been sold worldwide.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  This sub-series of 7 boxes (2.9 linear feet) consists of packets of standard and small Dalkon Shields produced by the Dalkon Corporation and by A.H. Robins Co. In addition there are examples of boxes in which the packets were distributed; instruction sheets for physicians and patients; publicity material; rolls of the tail string material, loose shields, and various instruments. Finally, there is a videotape made by the Dalkon Corporation to demonstrate insertion and placement of the Dalkon Shield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis two-box collection (0.8 linear feet) of miscellaneous A. H. Robins Company documents, assembled by the Trust, provides a bird's eye view of the purchase, production, and sale of the Dalkon Shield from 1970 to 1985. All of these documents can be located in the Source Files, but researchers may find these two boxes provide a convenient, simple and accessible introduction to the history of Robins and the Shield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the multi-district litigation proceedings from the late 1970s through the early 1980s, many employees of AHR were deposed, and their depositions made accessible to plaintiffs' lawyers all over the country. When the Trust set up the document depository for the use of claimants, the MDL depositions were included. In addition, depositions not under the aegis of the MDL panel, as well as a great deal of trial testimony of A. H. Robins employees, became part of the document depository. The Trust legal department also had a core collection of depositions, exhibits, etc. for their own attorneys' use in litigation. Materials in this series are principally on microfilm or videotape.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1976 when Bradley Post, on behalf of plaintiffs' attorneys, was seeking Robins documents for multi-district litigation, dozens of top officials in the A. H. Robins Co. were being deposed. The following Robins employees were deponents: Ernest L. Bender, Jr., Dr. John I. Brewer, John Leo Burke, Dr. A.N. Chremos, Dr. Fred A. Clark, Jr., Robert E. Cohn, Elderin Wayne Crowder, Dr. Hugh J. Davis, Dr. Roy William Dent, Thomas D. Downs, Dr. Thad J. Earl, Dorothy Kimball Ervin, William A. Forrest, Jr., Daniel Eugene French, Jack Freund, Edwin Hood, A.J. Kapadia, Oscar Klioze, Irwin Lerner, Frank William Mann, A. Edwin Martin, David Mefford, Kenneth Moore, C.E. Morton, Dr. Robert S. Murphey, Dr. Fletcher B. Owen, Jr., Allen Polon, Dr. Ellen Preston, Dr. Lester W. Preston, E.C. Robins, Melvin Rohling, W. Roy Smith, Ritchie Alan Snyder, Robert Walker Tankersley, Howard James Tatum, Dale Taylor, George E. Thomas, Roger Lewis Tuttle, Richard A. Velz, John Wesley Ward, Thomas C. Yu, and William L. Zimmer III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Depositions were taken from 1976 through 1983. These transcripts, available on microfilm reels 42-55, are arranged alphabetically by deponent and then chronologically. Most depositions lasted from one to four consecutive days, although a few deponents were called back for a second time. Some depositions are followed by exhibits, summaries, and/or objections. An index precedes the documents on the microfilm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAt the same time of the MDL discovery process, Robins officials were being deposed for cases not included in the multi-district litigation. The following Robins employees were deponents: Jerald Eugene Adams, Frank Bedrick, Ernest L. Bender, Jr., Dr. Anne J. W. Board, Eleanor Bradley, Bob L. Brown, Jeneal D. Brummett, John Leo Burke, John S. Campana, Edward C. Casey, Robert F. Childs, Dr. A.N. Chremos, Charles F. Christopher, Eugenia Clark, Dr. Fred A. Clark, Jr., Ben Clarkson, Robert E. Cohn, Everett L. Cook, Thomas E. Costa, Carlyne Crotty, Elderin Wayne Crowder, Arthur R. Cummings, Darwin Carl Dahl, Dr. Hugh J. Davis, Charles T. Degolia, Dr. Roy William Dent, Jr., Erich De Romero, Calvin R. De Witt, Charles S. Donahue, Paul M. Duffy, Jr., Hartwell Durrance, Thomas D. Downs, Dr. Thad Joseph Earl, John A. Emerick, Dorothy Kimball Ervin, Jeanne Featherston, William A. Forrest, Jr., Daniel Eugene French, Dr. Jack Freund, Anne Friedman, John E. Gallapago, John T. Gaywood, Michael Gibb, Frank W. Gilbert, Donald Thomas Gillooly, Robert L. Gorvett, Lawrence Griffin, John Vincent Guiney, Ray Hanchey, William D. Hart, Jr., Norval Haugh, Dennis F. Heikka, Dr. E.B. Heilman, Doral Loren Hessman, Douglas Arthur Hewey, Robert A. Hogsett, Thomas B. Horne, Robert F. Hunley, David E. Jones, Herbert Joyce, Jr., Duwaine F. Kaufman, James W. Kennedy, Sidney M. Kessler, Louis Kilgore, Daniel Klimpel II, Oscar Klioze, David Mayer Koepke, John P. Kypriotis, Leonard Clayton Lacy, John P. Lage, Raymond L. Langston, Patricia Lashley, Irwin S. Lerner, Charles Hunter Leys, George Lobeck, Gene Ross Lucas, and Carl D. Lunsford.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Also, Frank William Mann, Jr., A. Edwin Martin, Joseph Mazzeo, Thomas J. McCarthy III, William D. McGehee, Otto McGilvrey, Allen Arthur McKeel, Olivia McMichael, James Gray McWhorter, David Mefford, James Frederick Miller, Clyde Moore, Kenneth E. Moore, Emily M. Morley, C.E. Morton, Dr. Robert S. Murphey, James M. Nisely, Edward Normandia, Terry G. Oakley, Roy Francis O'Hanley, Jr., Guy Edward O'Neal, John P. Onkey, Dr. Fletcher B. Owen, Jr., Jerry Paul Parker, William B. Plisco, Allen J. Polon, Dr. Ellen J. Preston, Dr. Lester W. Preston, Roscoe E. Puckett, Jr., Robert Lee Ramsay, E.C. Robins, Jr., E. Claiborne Robins, Sr., Julian Ross, Phillip Rudine, Raymond J. Russo, Carroll L. Saine, Philip J. Schmid, Walt W. Schoenberger, Stephen I. Schwartz, Thomas A. Schwartz, Leland Schweer, Stuart Shumate, Michael Silva, George Smith, Louis L. Smith, W. Roy Smith, William Smithdeal, Elmer A. Snyder, Sam Sparks, Hunter Spencer, George Stiles, Arthur M. Stranz, Stephen Richard Stubbs, Robert Walker Tankersley, August Tassan, Dr. Howard Tatum, Dale R. Taylor, John Trippe, Roger Lewis Tuttle, William S. Van Bezey, Richard A. Velz, Harris Wagenseil, John W. Ward, Robert Watts, Dale E. Weiss, James C. White, William T. Yale, Alan Young, Roland Younglin, and William L. Zimmer III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  These depositions were taken between 1975 and 1985. The transcripts, available on microfilm reels 55-82, are arranged alphabetically by deponent, and then by case name. Exhibits are sometimes included. An index precedes the documents on the microfilm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBradley Post helped the Trust select a number of cases for which the AHR company employees' trial testimony was particularly useful, and these documents became part of the Document Depository. The collection of trial testimony, available on microfilm reels 82-139, was divided in two groups arranged alphabetically by plaintiff's name.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The first collection of testimony is for the following plaintiffs' trials: Kyle Askeland, Delma R. Barnes and Debra Jean Clark, Marguerite Bryson, Consuella Bundy, Candyce L. Cabe, Nancy S. Carley, Colorado Consolidated, or Janette A. Hawkinson, et al., Valerie Dembrosky, Susan L. Dodge, Marsha Feldman, Susan Fitzpatrick, Laureen Ford, Laurie Jo Franz, Kay Hamilton, Gay Lynn Hertzler, Linda Johnson, Terri Johnson, Patrick Junkin, Nancy Kaye, Nancy Lewis, Carole Mansfield, Jayne Miller, Gayle McCann, Joan Price, Karen Clark Raine, Carol Ann Setter, Kim Elizabeth Shewan, Joyce A. Smith, Kay E. Swenson, Robert C. and Deborah Terhune, Rosemary Warner, Francis G. Williams, and Anna Wilkins.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The second collection of testimony is for the following plaintiffs' trials: Carin Linn Abramson, Miriam Breyer, Linda S. James Brown, Pamela Craig, Connie L. Deemer, Mary Ann Ducharme, Cynthia and Robert Fletzin, Mary Guenther, Martha E. Hahn, Linda and William Harre, Diane Hilliard, Regina and Keith Husbands, Cathy J. Maguire, Peggy Joan Mample, Sue and Wayne Mitchell, Rosalie Nunley, Carie M. Palmer, Janet and George Reif, Debbie Rohl, Elizabeth Rubin, Brenda Happke-Strempke, Loretta L. Tetuan, Pamela Van Duyn, and Sharon Worsham.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The transcripts, having come from a variety of courts, vary a good bit, but for each case it is easy to determine whose testimony is where.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Trust had a large collection of videotaped depositions (51 videotapes) and trial testimony (177 videotapes) of AHR employees. They transferred to the library all the tapes on VHS format. Many of these tapes, dating from 1979 to 1985, have corresponding transcripts in the previous three sub-series, but some do not.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection of trial material, 9 boxes (3.75 linear feet), was created by Trust employees for use in litigation. Included are copies of pre-trial orders, exhibits, depositions, and videotapes of depositions (33 videotapes). For Robins litigation, McGuire, Woods had prepared a set of exhibits, and so the Trust prepared their own based upon the law firm's set.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[videotapes of the edited depositions and testimonies are also available]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[videotapes of Sparks and Tuttle also available]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series of U.S. Food and Drug Administration files is comprised of 5 boxes (2.1 linear feet). During 1974 the FDA held several hearings investigating IUDs and septic abortions, and, specifically, the safety of the Dalkon Shield. In preparation for these investigations the agency asked AHR to present documents concerning production of their IUD. The documents the company provided make up part of this series. (Most, if not all of these documents, are also found in the Source Files.) Also included here are transcripts of various hearings. In 1983 the FDA received a request under the Freedom of Information Act to produce documents relating to AHR and the Dalkon Shield. Copies of those documents are also in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of newspaper clippings in 9 boxes (3.75 linear feet) and videotapes of television shows concerning Dalkon Shield injuries and litigation. The clippings, dated 1974-1985, are arranged alphabetically by state and are preceded by an index.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAHR filed for federal bankruptcy protection on August 21, 1985. The Trust kept on file each pleading that was entered in the case up through August of 2000. This series contains those pleadings. In addition, there is data on some of the lawsuits Robins resolved before bankruptcy. This data was studied by analyst Frances McGovern whose report is also included. Finally, there are transcripts of the estimation hearings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe docket books for the AHR bankruptcy case contain, in order of filing, virtually all the pleadings entered between 1985 and 2000. In addition to the pleadings themselves in 416 three-ring notebooks (123 linear feet), there is a complete list of the documents providing the date each item was entered, its docket number, and the document's heading. Researchers must examine the list to determine the notebook-location of documents. Many of these documents also appear in other parts of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series of 28 boxes (22.5 linear feet) is contains data derived from a sampling of cases A. H. Robins settled before bankruptcy proceedings began. In 1976 AHR created a Product Litigation System (PLS) to assist their lawyers in tracking Dalkon Shield claims and law suits. The master file in this database included the following information about a claim: claimant name; type of action; status of action; filing and resolution dates; insurance (Aetna) information; location of litigation; information about counsel; and resolution amounts.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  About ten years later, during the claims estimation phase of the bankruptcy proceedings, AHR was asked to provide information on settled suits to assist in determining the company's liability for outstanding claims. By that time the PLS database held information on 9,500 resolved cases, of which 1,800 were selected for analysis. According to Francis McGovern, the court-appointed master of the study, the selection included 1,600 cases chosen at random, plus \"a stratified sample\" of the one hundred lowest and one hundred highest cases.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  This new arrangement of resolved cases data presented eight categories of information: 1. Case Summary, which contained the master file data outlined above. 2. Dalkon Shield Use, providing basic information about use and type of injury. 3. Other Contraceptive Use, including dates and type. 4. Economic Damages, listing costs incurred by the claimant including work loss. 7. Statute of Limitation including date of claim, onset of injury, first consultation with attorney, state of residence. 8. Sexual History, including names of partners and dates of relationship. This information was followed by a medical history arranged by date and including information about symptoms, procedures performed, test and results.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  In addition to the resolved cases, the McGovern study also involved analysis of questionnaires sent to about 6,000 claimants with pending claims. See Series VI Sub-series 1 Boxes 15-17 for a copy of the questionnaire along with additional information about the McGovern study.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The print-outs of the Resolved Cases Database are bound in twenty-six oversize volumes in Boxes 1-26. The names of the claimants and their partners have been obliterated, in order to protect their privacy. The volumes are open to research without restriction. Boxes 27 and 28 contain a copy of McGovern's final report titled\u003ctitle render=\"italic\" type=\"simple\"\u003eReport of the Dalkon Shield Claims' Estimation Process, June 15, 1988.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom November 5 to 11, 1987, Judges Merhige and Shelley held hearings at which the various interested parties presented their estimates of the dollar value of the outstanding claims. Each party had hired experts to examine the data McGovern had compiled, and the work of these experts was presented at the hearing. Thomas Florence conducted the analysis and prepared the estimation for AHR. Other estimates were presented on behalf of the claimants' committee, Aetna, the official committee representing AHR shareholders, and the unsecured creditors. One month later Judge Merhige, having reviewed the estimates which ranged from $1.2 to 7.2 billion, announced that AHR's liability to claimants was $2.475 billion.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  On February 1, 1988, American Home Products agreed to acquire AHR, and on March 28, 1988 Robins filed its Sixth Amended and Restated Disclosure Statement Pursuant to Section 1125 of the Bankruptcy Code. This document begins with a summary of the case and a detailed overview of the settlement, followed by the Plan of Reorganization, the Claimants Trust and Other Claimants Trust Agreements, the Claims Resolution Facility, the Merger Agreement, and other documents. Along with letters of endorsement, relevant court orders and notices, and a ballot, the Disclosure Statement was mailed to all eligible claimants to vote on approval of the plan in late April 1988.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  This sub-series of 4 boxes and 1 carton (2.9 linear feet) contains the transcript of the hearing, Thomas Florence's estimation report, AHR memoranda on statute of limitations filed with the court at the time of estimation, and a copy of the disclosure statement with accompanying letters of endorsement, court orders and notices.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust opened in early 1988 with the appointment of five trustees, Barbara Blum, Kenneth Feinberg, Gene Locks, Stephen Saltzburg, and Ann Samani. The critical issue of how the Trust would be managed proved as controversial as most other aspects of the bankruptcy settlement. Consequently, within months disputes caused the resignations of Blum, Samani, and Locks. One of the new appointees, Georgene Vairo, eventually became chair of the Trust and remained in that post until it closed.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Meanwhile the trustees hired Michael Sheppard, clerk of the bankruptcy court in Richmond, as executive director of the Trust. Others administrators hired shortly thereafter included Teri Lovelace and Ann Peters. At its peak the Trust employed a staff of almost four hundred. The staff included attorneys to handle the anticipated legal issues. General Counsel, Linda Thomason, was assisted by a team consisting of Lynn Greer, Susan Manardo, and Patricia Powis whose job was to oversee and coordinate representation of the Trust in cases that went to arbitration or litigation. Richmond lawyers Michael W. Smith and Orran L. Brown were hired as outside counsel. The legal department grew along with the caseload. Assisting the Trust staff were attorneys chosen in regions throughout the U.S., and in other countries, as required to handle local litigation. In addition, local defense attorneys were hired on a case-by-case basis when a claim went to arbitration or litigation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The papers of the Trust include the Central Records Library (CRL), the official staff files which document the innumerable mailings to claimants, claims processing, and other Trust administrative matters, as well as the Trustees' minutes. Although the collection does not contain the files of administrative heads of the Trust, some of their correspondence and inter-office communications can be found in the CRL. The collection does include the files of the Trust's outside counsel, Orran L. Brown.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile removed by DSCT, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile removed by DSCT, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile Removed by DSCT Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list in Oversize Box 144, removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list in folder no. 1 removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments with claimant identification removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments with claimant information removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDocuments with claimant identification removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile removed by DSCT, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFile removed by DSCT, 2/2004\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["In 1975 a Multi-District Litigation Panel was set up to consolidate over one hundred Dalkon Shield personal injury tort cases pending in federal district courts in over a third of the states. The pretrial proceedings were held before U. S. District Judge Frank Theis in Wichita, Kansas. Bradley Post, a Wichita lawyer who had represented Connie Deemer, the first woman to win a verdict against Robins for her Dalkon Shield injuries, was chosen lead lawyer in the consolidated cases. Post led the court-ordered discovery proceedings that ran from 1976 through the late 1970s and resumed in 1981 and 1982.","  AHR was ordered to produce copies of tens of thousands of documents and to store them at the Richmond offices of McGuire, Woods \u0026 Battle, the law firm handling its defense. The collection of documents became known as the Source Files. Documents in the following subject categories were requested, copied and numbered at various times from 1976 through 1982: Research \u0026 Development, Adverse Reaction, Manufacturing, Administration, Commercial, Government, International, FDA (Food and Drug Administration), and Bibliography.","  In 1991, by administrative order, the Trust was directed to \"maintain a document depository in Richmond, Virginia, containing substantially all documents which the Trust, using its best efforts, has identified as having been produced without qualification by Robins in pre-petition Dalkon Shield personal injury tort litigation.\" The depository, to be made accessible to claimants and their attorneys, was comprised of documents previously in the custody of McGuire, Woods and was located at Datastor, a facility on the east end of the city.","  The A.H. Robins Company documents consist of the master group, the Source Files, produced under the direction of Judge Frank Theis in the late 1970s and early 1980s. In addition, there are a number of subsets of the Source Files gathered and arranged by plaintiffs' attorneys, and additional documents produced under orders from other judges in the mid-1980s.","According to a Trust memorandum, (see notebook labeled Background Information re Document Depository), AHR and its attorneys began collecting, reviewing, and copying these documents, later known as the Source Files, as early as 1975. In 1976 when the Multi-District Litigation Panel was set up, the range of documents was expanded to include information on Robins' international sales, and on its interactions with Hugh Davis, Robert Cohn, Thad Earl, and Irwin S. Lerner. Plaintiffs involved in the MDL proceedings were allowed access to all documents that were not privileged. The copies, held in Richmond in the custody of McGuire, Woods, were made from the original documents.","  The Law Library completed a project begun sometime ago to convert the Source Files to microform. Documents 1 through 171, 245 are available on microfiche; and 171,246 through 211, 892, on microfilm. Researchers may gain access to the Source File documents through any of its four indexes: document number, document date, name of document writer, and document type and date. The indexes are in three-ring notebooks, and on microfilm reels 1 to 6.","  Two types of materials in the Source Files, numbers 189,673 through 207,502, are not in microform (4 cartons, 5 linear feet). The first are computer printouts of names and addresses of the 200,000 doctors to whom AHR wrote in the early 1980s, requesting removal of the Shield. Box 1 contains names and addresses for physicians in Colombia, Sweden, The Netherlands, South Africa, and Australia; Box 2, for Mexico, Philippines, Germany, Denmark, Finland, France, and Venezuela; and Box 3, for the United States. Second, in Box 4, is a collection of used Dalkon Shields sent back to AHR by Thad Earl, David Ostergard, and other doctors.","The MDL Chrono Files are a chronological arrangement of 1300 of some of the more important documents from the Source Files and were offered in evidence during the1976-1978 MDL discovery proceedings. The date range of the Chrono Files is 1938 to 1977, with the bulk of the documents falling between 1971 and 1975. In some cases the copy in the Chrono Files is more legible than the one in the Source Files.","  There is no list or index for the Chrono Files. Boxed with the files was a subject index to the first 183,000 SF documents; this index which pairs Source File number with subject was prepared in 1979. The Chrono Files are available on microfilm reels 19-22, as well as on paper in Boxes 1-6 (2.5 linear feet).","Bradley Post preserved a set of selected Robins Source File documents which he had submitted as evidence in a case around 1979. The Post documents are arranged chronologically and numbered 1 to 836 in the upper left corner; the Source File number is visible in the lower left corner. The date range is 1938 to 1979, with bulk dates of 1971 to 1975. The Post documents are available on microfilm reels 22 and 23. A list of numbered Post documents providing extensive information about each entry is available on paper and also precedes the documents on the film.","In 1983 Robins, Zelle, Larson \u0026 Kaplan, a large firm in Minneapolis acquired about two hundred Dalkon Shield cases from another practice, and the firm appointed experienced plaintiffs' attorneys Dale Larson and Michael Ciresi to handle them. For the case of Shirley Dean v. A. H. Robins, the lawyers submitted as evidence 3,789 documents they had chosen from the Robins Source Files. Those documents comprise this subset and are arranged chronologically and numbered 1 to 3,789, usually near the top of the first page of the document; the Source File number is visible in the lower left corner. The dates range from 1938 to 1984, but are concentrated in the years 1970 to 1980. The Robins, Zelle documents are available on microfilm reels 23-31. The list of numbered Robins, Zelle documents provides extensive information about each entry; it is available on paper, and it also precedes the documents on the film.","In 1983 Minnesota U.S. District Judge Miles Lord began hearing Dalkon Shield cases. By early 1984 he believed there were pertinent documents AHR had not produced during multi-district proceedings in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He, therefore, ordered a re-opening of discovery specifically for a number of categories, including correspondence with Aetna, AHR's insurance company, correspondence between certain top company officials and AHR lawyers, and documents relating to testing of Dalkon Shield safety. Furthermore, Lord appointed two attorneys to go to Richmond to supervise the production of these documents.","  The Lord Responsive documents are available on microfilm reels 31-33. These document numbers appear at the end of the Source File Document Number Index, but since a substantial number of them did not pertain to Lord's order, or were privileged, there are not corresponding documents for all the numbers. An annotated copy of the Lord pages from the Index precedes the documents on the film, and there the researcher can determine which documents will appear.","In 1984 and early 1985 lawyers for Claire Zelius were preparing their case against AHR in Florida. The federal district court allowed them to seek additional Robins documents, principally unpublished scientific or medical studies on the Dalkon Shield tail string.","  The Zelius Production documents are available on microfilm reels 34-41. The documents have been numbered, although there is no corresponding index for them in the Source Files index. Available on paper, and preceding the Zelius documents on microfilm, is an index which ties production date to a note book number, followed by another index which is a short list of doctors' names for depositions they gave in other cases.","Production commenced on the Dalkon Shield intrauterine device in 1968 under the direction of inventors Hugh Davis, gynecologist, and Irwin Lerner, electrical engineer. In early 1970 Davis and Lerner looked for a pharmaceutical company to market their product more widely, and by June of that year, AHR agreed to purchase it.","  The Dalkon Shield came in two sizes: standard, for women who had already had children (multiparous), and small, for women who had never had children (nulliparous). Shaped somewhat like a law enforcement officer's badge, hence its name, the Shield had five fingers protruding along each side, so that it also looked somewhat like a crab. Tied to its base was a three-inch length of synthetic polyfilament otherwise used for surgical sutures. In the case of the Shield, this filament, called the tail string, was principally designed for easy removal of the IUD.","  The A.H. Robins Company began production and sales in early 1971. Domestic sales were suspended in June of 1974, although foreign sales continued until August 1975. By the time sales ceased altogether, 3,600,000 Dalkon Shields had been sold worldwide.","  This sub-series of 7 boxes (2.9 linear feet) consists of packets of standard and small Dalkon Shields produced by the Dalkon Corporation and by A.H. Robins Co. In addition there are examples of boxes in which the packets were distributed; instruction sheets for physicians and patients; publicity material; rolls of the tail string material, loose shields, and various instruments. Finally, there is a videotape made by the Dalkon Corporation to demonstrate insertion and placement of the Dalkon Shield.","This two-box collection (0.8 linear feet) of miscellaneous A. H. Robins Company documents, assembled by the Trust, provides a bird's eye view of the purchase, production, and sale of the Dalkon Shield from 1970 to 1985. All of these documents can be located in the Source Files, but researchers may find these two boxes provide a convenient, simple and accessible introduction to the history of Robins and the Shield.","During the multi-district litigation proceedings from the late 1970s through the early 1980s, many employees of AHR were deposed, and their depositions made accessible to plaintiffs' lawyers all over the country. When the Trust set up the document depository for the use of claimants, the MDL depositions were included. In addition, depositions not under the aegis of the MDL panel, as well as a great deal of trial testimony of A. H. Robins employees, became part of the document depository. The Trust legal department also had a core collection of depositions, exhibits, etc. for their own attorneys' use in litigation. Materials in this series are principally on microfilm or videotape.","In 1976 when Bradley Post, on behalf of plaintiffs' attorneys, was seeking Robins documents for multi-district litigation, dozens of top officials in the A. H. Robins Co. were being deposed. The following Robins employees were deponents: Ernest L. Bender, Jr., Dr. John I. Brewer, John Leo Burke, Dr. A.N. Chremos, Dr. Fred A. Clark, Jr., Robert E. Cohn, Elderin Wayne Crowder, Dr. Hugh J. Davis, Dr. Roy William Dent, Thomas D. Downs, Dr. Thad J. Earl, Dorothy Kimball Ervin, William A. Forrest, Jr., Daniel Eugene French, Jack Freund, Edwin Hood, A.J. Kapadia, Oscar Klioze, Irwin Lerner, Frank William Mann, A. Edwin Martin, David Mefford, Kenneth Moore, C.E. Morton, Dr. Robert S. Murphey, Dr. Fletcher B. Owen, Jr., Allen Polon, Dr. Ellen Preston, Dr. Lester W. Preston, E.C. Robins, Melvin Rohling, W. Roy Smith, Ritchie Alan Snyder, Robert Walker Tankersley, Howard James Tatum, Dale Taylor, George E. Thomas, Roger Lewis Tuttle, Richard A. Velz, John Wesley Ward, Thomas C. Yu, and William L. Zimmer III.","  Depositions were taken from 1976 through 1983. These transcripts, available on microfilm reels 42-55, are arranged alphabetically by deponent and then chronologically. Most depositions lasted from one to four consecutive days, although a few deponents were called back for a second time. Some depositions are followed by exhibits, summaries, and/or objections. An index precedes the documents on the microfilm.","At the same time of the MDL discovery process, Robins officials were being deposed for cases not included in the multi-district litigation. The following Robins employees were deponents: Jerald Eugene Adams, Frank Bedrick, Ernest L. Bender, Jr., Dr. Anne J. W. Board, Eleanor Bradley, Bob L. Brown, Jeneal D. Brummett, John Leo Burke, John S. Campana, Edward C. Casey, Robert F. Childs, Dr. A.N. Chremos, Charles F. Christopher, Eugenia Clark, Dr. Fred A. Clark, Jr., Ben Clarkson, Robert E. Cohn, Everett L. Cook, Thomas E. Costa, Carlyne Crotty, Elderin Wayne Crowder, Arthur R. Cummings, Darwin Carl Dahl, Dr. Hugh J. Davis, Charles T. Degolia, Dr. Roy William Dent, Jr., Erich De Romero, Calvin R. De Witt, Charles S. Donahue, Paul M. Duffy, Jr., Hartwell Durrance, Thomas D. Downs, Dr. Thad Joseph Earl, John A. Emerick, Dorothy Kimball Ervin, Jeanne Featherston, William A. Forrest, Jr., Daniel Eugene French, Dr. Jack Freund, Anne Friedman, John E. Gallapago, John T. Gaywood, Michael Gibb, Frank W. Gilbert, Donald Thomas Gillooly, Robert L. Gorvett, Lawrence Griffin, John Vincent Guiney, Ray Hanchey, William D. Hart, Jr., Norval Haugh, Dennis F. Heikka, Dr. E.B. Heilman, Doral Loren Hessman, Douglas Arthur Hewey, Robert A. Hogsett, Thomas B. Horne, Robert F. Hunley, David E. Jones, Herbert Joyce, Jr., Duwaine F. Kaufman, James W. Kennedy, Sidney M. Kessler, Louis Kilgore, Daniel Klimpel II, Oscar Klioze, David Mayer Koepke, John P. Kypriotis, Leonard Clayton Lacy, John P. Lage, Raymond L. Langston, Patricia Lashley, Irwin S. Lerner, Charles Hunter Leys, George Lobeck, Gene Ross Lucas, and Carl D. Lunsford.","  Also, Frank William Mann, Jr., A. Edwin Martin, Joseph Mazzeo, Thomas J. McCarthy III, William D. McGehee, Otto McGilvrey, Allen Arthur McKeel, Olivia McMichael, James Gray McWhorter, David Mefford, James Frederick Miller, Clyde Moore, Kenneth E. Moore, Emily M. Morley, C.E. Morton, Dr. Robert S. Murphey, James M. Nisely, Edward Normandia, Terry G. Oakley, Roy Francis O'Hanley, Jr., Guy Edward O'Neal, John P. Onkey, Dr. Fletcher B. Owen, Jr., Jerry Paul Parker, William B. Plisco, Allen J. Polon, Dr. Ellen J. Preston, Dr. Lester W. Preston, Roscoe E. Puckett, Jr., Robert Lee Ramsay, E.C. Robins, Jr., E. Claiborne Robins, Sr., Julian Ross, Phillip Rudine, Raymond J. Russo, Carroll L. Saine, Philip J. Schmid, Walt W. Schoenberger, Stephen I. Schwartz, Thomas A. Schwartz, Leland Schweer, Stuart Shumate, Michael Silva, George Smith, Louis L. Smith, W. Roy Smith, William Smithdeal, Elmer A. Snyder, Sam Sparks, Hunter Spencer, George Stiles, Arthur M. Stranz, Stephen Richard Stubbs, Robert Walker Tankersley, August Tassan, Dr. Howard Tatum, Dale R. Taylor, John Trippe, Roger Lewis Tuttle, William S. Van Bezey, Richard A. Velz, Harris Wagenseil, John W. Ward, Robert Watts, Dale E. Weiss, James C. White, William T. Yale, Alan Young, Roland Younglin, and William L. Zimmer III.","  These depositions were taken between 1975 and 1985. The transcripts, available on microfilm reels 55-82, are arranged alphabetically by deponent, and then by case name. Exhibits are sometimes included. An index precedes the documents on the microfilm.","Bradley Post helped the Trust select a number of cases for which the AHR company employees' trial testimony was particularly useful, and these documents became part of the Document Depository. The collection of trial testimony, available on microfilm reels 82-139, was divided in two groups arranged alphabetically by plaintiff's name.","  The first collection of testimony is for the following plaintiffs' trials: Kyle Askeland, Delma R. Barnes and Debra Jean Clark, Marguerite Bryson, Consuella Bundy, Candyce L. Cabe, Nancy S. Carley, Colorado Consolidated, or Janette A. Hawkinson, et al., Valerie Dembrosky, Susan L. Dodge, Marsha Feldman, Susan Fitzpatrick, Laureen Ford, Laurie Jo Franz, Kay Hamilton, Gay Lynn Hertzler, Linda Johnson, Terri Johnson, Patrick Junkin, Nancy Kaye, Nancy Lewis, Carole Mansfield, Jayne Miller, Gayle McCann, Joan Price, Karen Clark Raine, Carol Ann Setter, Kim Elizabeth Shewan, Joyce A. Smith, Kay E. Swenson, Robert C. and Deborah Terhune, Rosemary Warner, Francis G. Williams, and Anna Wilkins.","  The second collection of testimony is for the following plaintiffs' trials: Carin Linn Abramson, Miriam Breyer, Linda S. James Brown, Pamela Craig, Connie L. Deemer, Mary Ann Ducharme, Cynthia and Robert Fletzin, Mary Guenther, Martha E. Hahn, Linda and William Harre, Diane Hilliard, Regina and Keith Husbands, Cathy J. Maguire, Peggy Joan Mample, Sue and Wayne Mitchell, Rosalie Nunley, Carie M. Palmer, Janet and George Reif, Debbie Rohl, Elizabeth Rubin, Brenda Happke-Strempke, Loretta L. Tetuan, Pamela Van Duyn, and Sharon Worsham.","  The transcripts, having come from a variety of courts, vary a good bit, but for each case it is easy to determine whose testimony is where.","The Trust had a large collection of videotaped depositions (51 videotapes) and trial testimony (177 videotapes) of AHR employees. They transferred to the library all the tapes on VHS format. Many of these tapes, dating from 1979 to 1985, have corresponding transcripts in the previous three sub-series, but some do not.","This collection of trial material, 9 boxes (3.75 linear feet), was created by Trust employees for use in litigation. Included are copies of pre-trial orders, exhibits, depositions, and videotapes of depositions (33 videotapes). For Robins litigation, McGuire, Woods had prepared a set of exhibits, and so the Trust prepared their own based upon the law firm's set.","[videotapes of the edited depositions and testimonies are also available]","[videotapes of Sparks and Tuttle also available]","This series of U.S. Food and Drug Administration files is comprised of 5 boxes (2.1 linear feet). During 1974 the FDA held several hearings investigating IUDs and septic abortions, and, specifically, the safety of the Dalkon Shield. In preparation for these investigations the agency asked AHR to present documents concerning production of their IUD. The documents the company provided make up part of this series. (Most, if not all of these documents, are also found in the Source Files.) Also included here are transcripts of various hearings. In 1983 the FDA received a request under the Freedom of Information Act to produce documents relating to AHR and the Dalkon Shield. Copies of those documents are also in this series.","This series is comprised of newspaper clippings in 9 boxes (3.75 linear feet) and videotapes of television shows concerning Dalkon Shield injuries and litigation. The clippings, dated 1974-1985, are arranged alphabetically by state and are preceded by an index.","AHR filed for federal bankruptcy protection on August 21, 1985. The Trust kept on file each pleading that was entered in the case up through August of 2000. This series contains those pleadings. In addition, there is data on some of the lawsuits Robins resolved before bankruptcy. This data was studied by analyst Frances McGovern whose report is also included. Finally, there are transcripts of the estimation hearings.","The docket books for the AHR bankruptcy case contain, in order of filing, virtually all the pleadings entered between 1985 and 2000. In addition to the pleadings themselves in 416 three-ring notebooks (123 linear feet), there is a complete list of the documents providing the date each item was entered, its docket number, and the document's heading. Researchers must examine the list to determine the notebook-location of documents. Many of these documents also appear in other parts of the collection.","This series of 28 boxes (22.5 linear feet) is contains data derived from a sampling of cases A. H. Robins settled before bankruptcy proceedings began. In 1976 AHR created a Product Litigation System (PLS) to assist their lawyers in tracking Dalkon Shield claims and law suits. The master file in this database included the following information about a claim: claimant name; type of action; status of action; filing and resolution dates; insurance (Aetna) information; location of litigation; information about counsel; and resolution amounts.","  About ten years later, during the claims estimation phase of the bankruptcy proceedings, AHR was asked to provide information on settled suits to assist in determining the company's liability for outstanding claims. By that time the PLS database held information on 9,500 resolved cases, of which 1,800 were selected for analysis. According to Francis McGovern, the court-appointed master of the study, the selection included 1,600 cases chosen at random, plus \"a stratified sample\" of the one hundred lowest and one hundred highest cases.","  This new arrangement of resolved cases data presented eight categories of information: 1. Case Summary, which contained the master file data outlined above. 2. Dalkon Shield Use, providing basic information about use and type of injury. 3. Other Contraceptive Use, including dates and type. 4. Economic Damages, listing costs incurred by the claimant including work loss. 7. Statute of Limitation including date of claim, onset of injury, first consultation with attorney, state of residence. 8. Sexual History, including names of partners and dates of relationship. This information was followed by a medical history arranged by date and including information about symptoms, procedures performed, test and results.","  In addition to the resolved cases, the McGovern study also involved analysis of questionnaires sent to about 6,000 claimants with pending claims. See Series VI Sub-series 1 Boxes 15-17 for a copy of the questionnaire along with additional information about the McGovern study.","  The print-outs of the Resolved Cases Database are bound in twenty-six oversize volumes in Boxes 1-26. The names of the claimants and their partners have been obliterated, in order to protect their privacy. The volumes are open to research without restriction. Boxes 27 and 28 contain a copy of McGovern's final report titled Report of the Dalkon Shield Claims' Estimation Process, June 15, 1988.","From November 5 to 11, 1987, Judges Merhige and Shelley held hearings at which the various interested parties presented their estimates of the dollar value of the outstanding claims. Each party had hired experts to examine the data McGovern had compiled, and the work of these experts was presented at the hearing. Thomas Florence conducted the analysis and prepared the estimation for AHR. Other estimates were presented on behalf of the claimants' committee, Aetna, the official committee representing AHR shareholders, and the unsecured creditors. One month later Judge Merhige, having reviewed the estimates which ranged from $1.2 to 7.2 billion, announced that AHR's liability to claimants was $2.475 billion.","  On February 1, 1988, American Home Products agreed to acquire AHR, and on March 28, 1988 Robins filed its Sixth Amended and Restated Disclosure Statement Pursuant to Section 1125 of the Bankruptcy Code. This document begins with a summary of the case and a detailed overview of the settlement, followed by the Plan of Reorganization, the Claimants Trust and Other Claimants Trust Agreements, the Claims Resolution Facility, the Merger Agreement, and other documents. Along with letters of endorsement, relevant court orders and notices, and a ballot, the Disclosure Statement was mailed to all eligible claimants to vote on approval of the plan in late April 1988.","  This sub-series of 4 boxes and 1 carton (2.9 linear feet) contains the transcript of the hearing, Thomas Florence's estimation report, AHR memoranda on statute of limitations filed with the court at the time of estimation, and a copy of the disclosure statement with accompanying letters of endorsement, court orders and notices.","The Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust opened in early 1988 with the appointment of five trustees, Barbara Blum, Kenneth Feinberg, Gene Locks, Stephen Saltzburg, and Ann Samani. The critical issue of how the Trust would be managed proved as controversial as most other aspects of the bankruptcy settlement. Consequently, within months disputes caused the resignations of Blum, Samani, and Locks. One of the new appointees, Georgene Vairo, eventually became chair of the Trust and remained in that post until it closed.","  Meanwhile the trustees hired Michael Sheppard, clerk of the bankruptcy court in Richmond, as executive director of the Trust. Others administrators hired shortly thereafter included Teri Lovelace and Ann Peters. At its peak the Trust employed a staff of almost four hundred. The staff included attorneys to handle the anticipated legal issues. General Counsel, Linda Thomason, was assisted by a team consisting of Lynn Greer, Susan Manardo, and Patricia Powis whose job was to oversee and coordinate representation of the Trust in cases that went to arbitration or litigation. Richmond lawyers Michael W. Smith and Orran L. Brown were hired as outside counsel. The legal department grew along with the caseload. Assisting the Trust staff were attorneys chosen in regions throughout the U.S., and in other countries, as required to handle local litigation. In addition, local defense attorneys were hired on a case-by-case basis when a claim went to arbitration or litigation.","  The papers of the Trust include the Central Records Library (CRL), the official staff files which document the innumerable mailings to claimants, claims processing, and other Trust administrative matters, as well as the Trustees' minutes. Although the collection does not contain the files of administrative heads of the Trust, some of their correspondence and inter-office communications can be found in the CRL. The collection does include the files of the Trust's outside counsel, Orran L. Brown.","File removed by DSCT, 2/2004","File removed by DSCT, 2/2004","File Removed by DSCT Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list in Oversize Box 144, removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list in folder no. 1 removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Documents with claimant identification removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Documents with claimant information removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","Documents with claimant identification removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","File removed by DSCT, 2/2004","7 folders","Mailing list removed by DSCT Redaction Team, 2/2004","File removed by DSCT, 2/2004"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMultiple individuals and corporate bodies created the materials in the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust collection and copyright status varies across the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAny rights (including copyright and related rights to publicity and privacy) held by the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust (DSCT) were transferred to the University of Virginia in 2000 by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, Richmond Division. Permission to publish or reproduce materials created by the DSCT must be secured from the University of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOther materials may be protected by copyright and/or related rights. The University of Virginia is not authorized to grant permission to publish or reproduce these items. \u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Multiple individuals and corporate bodies created the materials in the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust collection and copyright status varies across the collection.","Any rights (including copyright and related rights to publicity and privacy) held by the Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust (DSCT) were transferred to the University of Virginia in 2000 by the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, Richmond Division. Permission to publish or reproduce materials created by the DSCT must be secured from the University of Virginia.","Other materials may be protected by copyright and/or related rights. The University of Virginia is not authorized to grant permission to publish or reproduce these items. "],"names_coll_ssim":["Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust","A. H. Robins Company"],"names_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust","A. H. Robins Company"],"corpname_ssim":["Arthur J. Morris Law Library Special Collections","Dalkon Shield Claimants Trust","A. H. Robins Company"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":824,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:34:46.863Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_87_c04_c61_c01"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c26","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"60th Anniversary Conference","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c26#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c26","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c26"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c26","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter","Series II: Conferences"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter","Series II: Conferences"],"text":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter","Series II: Conferences","60th Anniversary Conference","box 2","folder 26"],"title_filing_ssi":"60th Anniversary Conference","title_ssm":["60th Anniversary Conference"],"title_tesim":["60th Anniversary Conference"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1981-1982"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1981/1982"],"normalized_title_ssm":["60th Anniversary Conference"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":83,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1981,1982],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 26"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#25","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:19:11.168Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3067.xml","title_filing_ssi":"4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter, Records of the","title_ssm":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"title_tesim":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1964-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.26.04.01"],"text":["RG.26.04.01","Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter","4-H clubs","Agriculture","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged in six series. Materials within each series are organized alphabetically by subject matter and each subject is organized chronologically.","\nSeries I: Administrative (Lists, bylaws/constitution, financial reports, and nominations)\n \nSeries II: Conferences (Anniversary conferences, Interstate, Midwinter and Summer)\n \nSeries III: Correspondence\n \nSeries IV: Minutes (Business and Executive Meetings)\n \nSeries V: Photographs\n \nSeries VI: Publication Information (relating to  The Virginia Star )\n","The first All Star chapter was established in West Virginia in 1919, followed by the Maryland chapter in 1921. Three West Virginia All Stars helped the Virginia Chapter organize and launch with 12 members on August 4, 1922. All Star membership is the highest honor in each state's 4-H chapter and is based on leadership, service, and activities.","The guide to the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter commenced in November 2005 and was completed in December 2005. In processing this collection, any publications found were removed and catalogued. Additions were integrated with additional processing and description completed in January 2011 and in March-April 2016.","The records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement and constitution. In addition to information about the local chapter, the collection contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences. ","The 75th Anniversary Folder contains a publication about the history of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars, as well as a program of the festivities and a registration list for the celebration held in September 1997.","Copies of the serial publication,  The Virginia Stars , were separated to the Rare Book Collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Founded in 1922, the Virginia 4-H All Stars are the highest honor for the Virginia 4-Hers, and membership is based on leadership, service, and activities. The records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement, constitution, and 75th anniversary materials. The collection also contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["RG.26.04.01"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"creator_ssim":["4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"creators_ssim":["4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter were donated to the Special Collections and University Archives in 2005. Additional donations were received in 2010, 2011, and 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["4-H clubs","Agriculture"],"access_subjects_ssm":["4-H clubs","Agriculture"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.2 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.2 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in six series. Materials within each series are organized alphabetically by subject matter and each subject is organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\nSeries I: Administrative (Lists, bylaws/constitution, financial reports, and nominations)\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSeries II: Conferences (Anniversary conferences, Interstate, Midwinter and Summer)\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSeries III: Correspondence\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSeries IV: Minutes (Business and Executive Meetings)\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSeries V: Photographs\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSeries VI: Publication Information (relating to \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Virginia Star\u003c/title\u003e)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in six series. Materials within each series are organized alphabetically by subject matter and each subject is organized chronologically.","\nSeries I: Administrative (Lists, bylaws/constitution, financial reports, and nominations)\n \nSeries II: Conferences (Anniversary conferences, Interstate, Midwinter and Summer)\n \nSeries III: Correspondence\n \nSeries IV: Minutes (Business and Executive Meetings)\n \nSeries V: Photographs\n \nSeries VI: Publication Information (relating to  The Virginia Star )\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe first All Star chapter was established in West Virginia in 1919, followed by the Maryland chapter in 1921. Three West Virginia All Stars helped the Virginia Chapter organize and launch with 12 members on August 4, 1922. All Star membership is the highest honor in each state's 4-H chapter and is based on leadership, service, and activities.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The first All Star chapter was established in West Virginia in 1919, followed by the Maryland chapter in 1921. Three West Virginia All Stars helped the Virginia Chapter organize and launch with 12 members on August 4, 1922. All Star membership is the highest honor in each state's 4-H chapter and is based on leadership, service, and activities."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter, RG 26/4/1, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter, RG 26/4/1, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter commenced in November 2005 and was completed in December 2005. In processing this collection, any publications found were removed and catalogued. Additions were integrated with additional processing and description completed in January 2011 and in March-April 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter commenced in November 2005 and was completed in December 2005. In processing this collection, any publications found were removed and catalogued. Additions were integrated with additional processing and description completed in January 2011 and in March-April 2016."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement and constitution. In addition to information about the local chapter, the collection contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 75th Anniversary Folder contains a publication about the history of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars, as well as a program of the festivities and a registration list for the celebration held in September 1997.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement and constitution. In addition to information about the local chapter, the collection contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences. ","The 75th Anniversary Folder contains a publication about the history of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars, as well as a program of the festivities and a registration list for the celebration held in September 1997."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopies of the serial publication, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Virginia Stars\u003c/title\u003e, were separated to the Rare Book Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Copies of the serial publication,  The Virginia Stars , were separated to the Rare Book Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_57d0f77628851c0d7f6de1e5a8e4dbd3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eFounded in 1922, the Virginia 4-H All Stars are the highest honor for the Virginia 4-Hers, and membership is based on leadership, service, and activities. The records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement, constitution, and 75th anniversary materials. The collection also contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Founded in 1922, the Virginia 4-H All Stars are the highest honor for the Virginia 4-Hers, and membership is based on leadership, service, and activities. The records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement, constitution, and 75th anniversary materials. The collection also contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences."],"names_coll_ssim":["4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":157,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:19:11.168Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c26"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c18","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"60th Reunion, Correspondence","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c18#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c18","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c18"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c18","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter","Series II: Conferences"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter","Series II: Conferences"],"text":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter","Series II: Conferences","60th Reunion, Correspondence","box 2","folder 18"],"title_filing_ssi":"60th Reunion, Correspondence","title_ssm":["60th Reunion, Correspondence"],"title_tesim":["60th Reunion, Correspondence"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1981-1982"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1981/1982"],"normalized_title_ssm":["60th Reunion, Correspondence"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":75,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1981,1982],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 18"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#17","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:19:11.168Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3067.xml","title_filing_ssi":"4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter, Records of the","title_ssm":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"title_tesim":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"unitdate_ssm":["1964-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1964-2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Record Group","Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RG.26.04.01"],"text":["RG.26.04.01","Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter","4-H clubs","Agriculture","The collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged in six series. Materials within each series are organized alphabetically by subject matter and each subject is organized chronologically.","\nSeries I: Administrative (Lists, bylaws/constitution, financial reports, and nominations)\n \nSeries II: Conferences (Anniversary conferences, Interstate, Midwinter and Summer)\n \nSeries III: Correspondence\n \nSeries IV: Minutes (Business and Executive Meetings)\n \nSeries V: Photographs\n \nSeries VI: Publication Information (relating to  The Virginia Star )\n","The first All Star chapter was established in West Virginia in 1919, followed by the Maryland chapter in 1921. Three West Virginia All Stars helped the Virginia Chapter organize and launch with 12 members on August 4, 1922. All Star membership is the highest honor in each state's 4-H chapter and is based on leadership, service, and activities.","The guide to the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter commenced in November 2005 and was completed in December 2005. In processing this collection, any publications found were removed and catalogued. Additions were integrated with additional processing and description completed in January 2011 and in March-April 2016.","The records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement and constitution. In addition to information about the local chapter, the collection contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences. ","The 75th Anniversary Folder contains a publication about the history of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars, as well as a program of the festivities and a registration list for the celebration held in September 1997.","Copies of the serial publication,  The Virginia Stars , were separated to the Rare Book Collection.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Founded in 1922, the Virginia 4-H All Stars are the highest honor for the Virginia 4-Hers, and membership is based on leadership, service, and activities. The records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement, constitution, and 75th anniversary materials. The collection also contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["RG.26.04.01"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"collection_title_tesim":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"collection_ssim":["Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"creator_ssim":["4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"creators_ssim":["4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter were donated to the Special Collections and University Archives in 2005. Additional donations were received in 2010, 2011, and 2015."],"access_subjects_ssim":["4-H clubs","Agriculture"],"access_subjects_ssm":["4-H clubs","Agriculture"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4.2 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.2 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in six series. Materials within each series are organized alphabetically by subject matter and each subject is organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\nSeries I: Administrative (Lists, bylaws/constitution, financial reports, and nominations)\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSeries II: Conferences (Anniversary conferences, Interstate, Midwinter and Summer)\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSeries III: Correspondence\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSeries IV: Minutes (Business and Executive Meetings)\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSeries V: Photographs\n\u003c/item\u003e\u003citem\u003e\nSeries VI: Publication Information (relating to \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Virginia Star\u003c/title\u003e)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in six series. Materials within each series are organized alphabetically by subject matter and each subject is organized chronologically.","\nSeries I: Administrative (Lists, bylaws/constitution, financial reports, and nominations)\n \nSeries II: Conferences (Anniversary conferences, Interstate, Midwinter and Summer)\n \nSeries III: Correspondence\n \nSeries IV: Minutes (Business and Executive Meetings)\n \nSeries V: Photographs\n \nSeries VI: Publication Information (relating to  The Virginia Star )\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe first All Star chapter was established in West Virginia in 1919, followed by the Maryland chapter in 1921. Three West Virginia All Stars helped the Virginia Chapter organize and launch with 12 members on August 4, 1922. All Star membership is the highest honor in each state's 4-H chapter and is based on leadership, service, and activities.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The first All Star chapter was established in West Virginia in 1919, followed by the Maryland chapter in 1921. Three West Virginia All Stars helped the Virginia Chapter organize and launch with 12 members on August 4, 1922. All Star membership is the highest honor in each state's 4-H chapter and is based on leadership, service, and activities."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter, RG 26/4/1, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter, RG 26/4/1, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter commenced in November 2005 and was completed in December 2005. In processing this collection, any publications found were removed and catalogued. Additions were integrated with additional processing and description completed in January 2011 and in March-April 2016.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Records of the 4-H All Stars, Virginia Chapter commenced in November 2005 and was completed in December 2005. In processing this collection, any publications found were removed and catalogued. Additions were integrated with additional processing and description completed in January 2011 and in March-April 2016."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement and constitution. In addition to information about the local chapter, the collection contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe 75th Anniversary Folder contains a publication about the history of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars, as well as a program of the festivities and a registration list for the celebration held in September 1997.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement and constitution. In addition to information about the local chapter, the collection contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences. ","The 75th Anniversary Folder contains a publication about the history of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars, as well as a program of the festivities and a registration list for the celebration held in September 1997."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopies of the serial publication, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Virginia Stars\u003c/title\u003e, were separated to the Rare Book Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Copies of the serial publication,  The Virginia Stars , were separated to the Rare Book Collection."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_57d0f77628851c0d7f6de1e5a8e4dbd3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eFounded in 1922, the Virginia 4-H All Stars are the highest honor for the Virginia 4-Hers, and membership is based on leadership, service, and activities. The records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement, constitution, and 75th anniversary materials. The collection also contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Founded in 1922, the Virginia 4-H All Stars are the highest honor for the Virginia 4-Hers, and membership is based on leadership, service, and activities. The records of the Virginia Chapter of the 4-H All Stars span the years 1964-2014. The collection includes minutes, correspondence, financial reports, bylaws and policies, membership rosters, and photographs. It also includes the organization's mission statement, constitution, and 75th anniversary materials. The collection also contains materials about the Interstate Order of 4-H All Stars and about the midwinter and summer conferences."],"names_coll_ssim":["4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":157,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:19:11.168Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3067_c02_c18"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Alexandria Library","value":"Alexandria Library","hits":234},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Alexandria+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"College of William and Mary","value":"College of William and Mary","hits":8280},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=College+of+William+and+Mary\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","value":"Edgar Cayce Foundation","hits":41},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Edgar+Cayce+Foundation\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fairfax County Public Library","value":"Fairfax County Public Library","hits":75},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Fairfax+County+Public+Library\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":11330},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Hampden-Sydney College","value":"Hampden-Sydney College","hits":201},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Hampden-Sydney+College\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"James Madison University","value":"James Madison University","hits":2050},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=James+Madison+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Library of Virginia","value":"Library of Virginia","hits":51},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Longwood University","value":"Longwood University","hits":278},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Longwood+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Old Dominion University","value":"Old Dominion University","hits":3469},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Old+Dominion+University\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Randolph-Macon College","value":"Randolph-Macon College","hits":69},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Randolph-Macon+College\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"Arts in Virginia\" (PB-04)","value":"\"Arts in Virginia\" (PB-04)","hits":5},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22Arts+in+Virginia%22+%28PB-04%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\"George Washington\" Miniseries Collection","value":"\"George Washington\" Miniseries Collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22George+Washington%22+Miniseries+Collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\"More Than the Sum of Our Body Parts: An Exhibit by CARY, 1992-1993\"","value":"\"More Than the Sum of Our Body Parts: An Exhibit by CARY, 1992-1993\"","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=%22More+Than+the+Sum+of+Our+Body+Parts%3A+An+Exhibit+by+CARY%2C+1992-1993%22\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1x1 Japan Exhibition Materials, 1965-2024","value":"1x1 Japan Exhibition Materials, 1965-2024","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=1x1+Japan+Exhibition+Materials%2C+1965-2024\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"201st National Guard Regiment Histories","value":"201st National Guard Regiment Histories","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=201st+National+Guard+Regiment+Histories\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"8th Evacuation Hospital collection","value":"8th Evacuation Hospital collection","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=8th+Evacuation+Hospital+collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. Christian Compton Papers","value":"A. Christian Compton Papers","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+Christian+Compton+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. E. Dick Howard papers","value":"A. E. Dick Howard papers","hits":20},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+E.+Dick+Howard+papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. H. Hand Papers","value":"A. H. Hand Papers","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+H.+Hand+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. J. Davis Family Collection","value":"A. J. Davis Family Collection","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+J.+Davis+Family+Collection\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers","value":"A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcollection%5D%5B%5D=A.+Jane+Duncombe+Architectural+Papers\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/collection_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"date_range_isim","attributes":{"label":"Date range","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"0","value":"0","hits":4},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=0\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"994","value":"994","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=994\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"995","value":"995","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=995\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"996","value":"996","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=996\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"997","value":"997","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=997\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"998","value":"998","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=998\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"999","value":"999","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=999\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1000","value":"1000","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1000\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1001","value":"1001","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1001\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1002","value":"1002","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1002\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"1003","value":"1003","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1003\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/date_range_isim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"creator_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Creator","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"201st National Guard Regiment","value":"201st National Guard Regiment","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=201st+National+Guard+Regiment\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"4-H","value":"4-H","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=4-H\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter","value":"4-H All Stars. Virginia Chapter","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=4-H+All+Stars.+Virginia+Chapter\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Aaron Siskind Foundation","value":"Aaron Siskind Foundation","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Aaron+Siskind+Foundation\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Aaron, Reid S. (Reid Stanley), 1918-1944","value":"Aaron, Reid S. (Reid Stanley), 1918-1944","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Aaron%2C+Reid+S.+%28Reid+Stanley%29%2C+1918-1944\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Abate, Kathy","value":"Abate, Kathy","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Abate%2C+Kathy\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Acord, George Wayne","value":"Acord, George Wayne","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Acord%2C+George+Wayne\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adagio Press","value":"Adagio Press","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Adagio+Press\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adam, William R. (William Robert), 1918-1992","value":"Adam, William R. (William Robert), 1918-1992","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Adam%2C+William+R.+%28William+Robert%29%2C+1918-1992\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adams, Elizabeth Kent","value":"Adams, Elizabeth Kent","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Adams%2C+Elizabeth+Kent\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Adams, Linda Friend, 1943-2008","value":"Adams, Linda Friend, 1943-2008","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bcreators%5D%5B%5D=Adams%2C+Linda+Friend%2C+1943-2008\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/creator_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"names_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Names","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\n                     Shammarello, Anthony","value":"\n                     Shammarello, Anthony","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A+++++++++++++++++++++Shammarello%2C+Anthony\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Dorothy","value":"\n                  Dorothy","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Dorothy\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Honore","value":"\n                  Honore","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Honore\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Melvin","value":"\n                  Melvin","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Melvin\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Rhoda","value":"\n                  Rhoda","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Rhoda\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Sandra","value":"\n                  Sandra","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Sandra\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Sidney","value":"\n                  Sidney","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Sidney\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Terry","value":"\n                  Terry","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Terry\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n                  Velma","value":"\n                  Velma","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0A++++++++++++++++++Velma\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\nPrince William Symphony Orchestra.","value":"\nPrince William Symphony Orchestra.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=%0APrince+William+Symphony+Orchestra.\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Los Angeles Times (Firm)","value":" Los Angeles Times (Firm)","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bnames%5D%5B%5D=+Los+Angeles+Times+%28Firm%29\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/names_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"geogname_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Places","items":[{"attributes":{"label":" United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","value":" United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=+United+States+--+History+--+Civil+War%2C+1861-1865\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Accomack County (Va.)--History","value":"Accomack County (Va.)--History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Accomack+County+%28Va.%29--History\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Afghanistan","value":"Afghanistan","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Afghanistan\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa","value":"Africa","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa -- Slides","value":"Africa -- Slides","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa+--+Slides\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa, East--Maps","value":"Africa, East--Maps","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa%2C+East--Maps\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Africa--Description and travel","value":"Africa--Description and travel","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Africa--Description+and+travel\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American Women Authors","value":"African American Women Authors","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=African+American+Women+Authors\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","value":"African American neighborhoods -- Virginia -- Alexandria.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=African+American+neighborhoods+--+Virginia+--+Alexandria.\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Aguaruna indigenous group","value":"Aguaruna indigenous group","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Aguaruna+indigenous+group\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Albemarle County (Va.) -- Buildings, structures, etc.","value":"Albemarle County (Va.) -- Buildings, structures, etc.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Bplaces%5D%5B%5D=Albemarle+County+%28Va.%29+--+Buildings%2C+structures%2C+etc.\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/geogname_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access_subjects_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Subjects","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\tUnited States. Army--Artillery","value":"\tUnited States. Army--Artillery","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=%09United+States.+Army--Artillery\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\n\nPhotographic prints.","value":"\n\nPhotographic prints.","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=%0A%0APhotographic+prints.\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"\nSymphony orchestras--United States--Virginia--Prince William County. ","value":"\nSymphony orchestras--United States--Virginia--Prince William County. ","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=%0ASymphony+orchestras--United+States--Virginia--Prince+William+County.+\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Arson","value":" Arson","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+Arson\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" College students, Black","value":" College students, Black","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+College+students%2C+Black\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Elementary schools -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- History","value":" Elementary schools -- Virginia -- Rockingham County -- History","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+Elementary+schools+--+Virginia+--+Rockingham+County+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Forest management -- Massanutten National Forest (Va.)","value":" Forest management -- Massanutten National Forest (Va.)","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+Forest+management+--+Massanutten+National+Forest+%28Va.%29\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" LGBTQ+ activism","value":" LGBTQ+ activism","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+LGBTQ%2B+activism\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" LGBTQ+ drama","value":" LGBTQ+ drama","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+LGBTQ%2B+drama\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" New Market, Battle of, New Market, Va., 1864—Anniversaries","value":" New Market, Battle of, New Market, Va., 1864—Anniversaries","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+New+Market%2C+Battle+of%2C+New+Market%2C+Va.%2C+1864%E2%80%94Anniversaries\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":" Poultry industry -- Virginia -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Periodicals","value":" Poultry industry -- Virginia -- Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.) -- Periodicals","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=+Poultry+industry+--+Virginia+--+Shenandoah+River+Valley+%28Va.+and+W.+Va.%29+--+Periodicals\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access_subjects_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"level_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Level","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Binder","value":"Binder","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Binder\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Box","value":"Box","hits":572},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Box ","value":"Box ","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Box+\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Class","value":"Class","hits":2},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Class\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Collection","value":"Collection","hits":3175},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"File","value":"File","hits":37791},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=File\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Folder","value":"Folder","hits":3},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Folder\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Fonds","value":"Fonds","hits":1},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Fonds\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Item","value":"Item","hits":4546},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Item\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Partial box","value":"Partial box","hits":9},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Partial+box\u0026view=compact"}},{"attributes":{"label":"Record Group","value":"Record Group","hits":50},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Record+Group\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/level_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"facet","id":"access","attributes":{"label":"Access","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Online access","value":"online","hits":42},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/access.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"all_fields","attributes":{"label":"All Fields"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026search_field=all_fields\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"keyword","attributes":{"label":"Keyword"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026search_field=keyword\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"name","attributes":{"label":"Name"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026search_field=name\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"place","attributes":{"label":"Place"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026search_field=place\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"subject","attributes":{"label":"Subject"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026search_field=subject\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"title","attributes":{"label":"Title"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026search_field=title\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"container","attributes":{"label":"Container"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026search_field=container\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"search_field","id":"identifier","attributes":{"label":"Identifier"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026search_field=identifier\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"score desc, title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"relevance"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026sort=score+desc%2C+title_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"date (ascending)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026sort=date_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"date_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"date (descending)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026sort=date_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"creator (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026sort=creator_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"creator_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"creator (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026sort=creator_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort asc","attributes":{"label":"title (A-Z)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026sort=title_sort+asc\u0026view=compact"}},{"type":"sort","id":"title_sort desc","attributes":{"label":"title (Z-A)"},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1981\u0026page=31\u0026sort=title_sort+desc\u0026view=compact"}}]}