{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1978\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=1092","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1978\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=1091","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1978\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=1093","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1978\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University\u0026page=1093"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1092,"next_page":1093,"prev_page":1091,"total_pages":1093,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":10910,"total_count":10930,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206_c270","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"XVII Capital Outlay Revenue Bond Info (Folder 2 of 2), 1975/1984","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206_c270#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206_c270","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206_c270"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206_c270","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","parent_ssim":["George Mason University Facilities records, 1952/2003"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206"],"title_filing_ssi":"XVII Capital Outlay Revenue Bond Info (Folder 2 of 2)","title_ssm":["XVII Capital Outlay Revenue Bond Info (Folder 2 of 2)"],"title_tesim":["XVII Capital Outlay Revenue Bond Info (Folder 2 of 2)"],"normalized_title_ssm":["XVII Capital Outlay Revenue Bond Info (Folder 2 of 2), 1975/1984"],"text":["XVII Capital Outlay Revenue Bond Info (Folder 2 of 2), 1975/1984","George Mason University Facilities records, 1952/2003","box 24","folder 10"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["George Mason University Facilities records, 1952/2003"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["George Mason University Facilities records, 1952/2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1975/1984"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1975-1984"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":270,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["George Mason University Facilities records, 1952/2003"],"containers_ssim":["box 24","folder 10"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["A small amount of student records that are restricted under FERPA, were found in the collection at its acquisition. 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In 1979 George Mason's acquisition of the International School of Law in Arlington was approved by the Virginia Legislature, creating the George Mason University School of Law (now known as the Antonin Scalia Law School) upon the Arlington Campus (know known as Mason Square Campus). Today's Science and Technology Campus near Manassas, Virginia was established in 1997, and Mason Korea, located in the Incheon Global Campus, began operations in 2014. Enrollment at all campuses combined totaled over 40,000 in 2024.","George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations operates, maintains, repairs, replaces, renews, and secures all buildings, grounds, utilities, and other infrastructure belonging to George Mason University. This responsibility changed considerably over the years as the university grew from a four-building branch college in 1964 to a university boasting nearly 150 during the early 2000s.","Processed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay.","This collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties.","None.","This collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. 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They have been withdrawn from the collection, and restrictions have been noted."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelected digital versions are available through the \u003cextptr href=\"http://mars.gmu.edu/handle/1920/2996\" title=\"George Mason University Facilities Planning Documents, 1960-2007\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selected digital versions are available through the ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized at the individual file level by building/road/project or contractor and by physical format.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized at the individual file level by building/road/project or contractor and by physical format."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University began operation under the name \"University College of the University of Virginia\" in the fall of 1957 in an 8-room former elementary school in Bailey's Crossroads. 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George Mason College became independent from the University of Virginia on April 7, 1972 and was renamed George Mason University. In 1979 George Mason's acquisition of the International School of Law in Arlington was approved by the Virginia Legislature, creating the George Mason University School of Law (now known as the Antonin Scalia Law School) upon the Arlington Campus (know known as Mason Square Campus). Today's Science and Technology Campus near Manassas, Virginia was established in 1997, and Mason Korea, located in the Incheon Global Campus, began operations in 2014. Enrollment at all campuses combined totaled over 40,000 in 2024.","George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations operates, maintains, repairs, replaces, renews, and secures all buildings, grounds, utilities, and other infrastructure belonging to George Mason University. This responsibility changed considerably over the years as the university grew from a four-building branch college in 1964 to a university boasting nearly 150 during the early 2000s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University Facilities records, # R0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason University Facilities records, # R0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["None."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7543aee6c7852142b11e3a84c8193d1e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Facilities"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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In 1979 George Mason's acquisition of the International School of Law in Arlington was approved by the Virginia Legislature, creating the George Mason University School of Law (now known as the Antonin Scalia Law School) upon the Arlington Campus (know known as Mason Square Campus). Today's Science and Technology Campus near Manassas, Virginia was established in 1997, and Mason Korea, located in the Incheon Global Campus, began operations in 2014. Enrollment at all campuses combined totaled over 40,000 in 2024.","George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations operates, maintains, repairs, replaces, renews, and secures all buildings, grounds, utilities, and other infrastructure belonging to George Mason University. This responsibility changed considerably over the years as the university grew from a four-building branch college in 1964 to a university boasting nearly 150 during the early 2000s.","Processed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay.","This collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties.","None.","This collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. 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George Mason College became independent from the University of Virginia on April 7, 1972 and was renamed George Mason University. In 1979 George Mason's acquisition of the International School of Law in Arlington was approved by the Virginia Legislature, creating the George Mason University School of Law (now known as the Antonin Scalia Law School) upon the Arlington Campus (know known as Mason Square Campus). Today's Science and Technology Campus near Manassas, Virginia was established in 1997, and Mason Korea, located in the Incheon Global Campus, began operations in 2014. Enrollment at all campuses combined totaled over 40,000 in 2024.","George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations operates, maintains, repairs, replaces, renews, and secures all buildings, grounds, utilities, and other infrastructure belonging to George Mason University. This responsibility changed considerably over the years as the university grew from a four-building branch college in 1964 to a university boasting nearly 150 during the early 2000s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University Facilities records, # R0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason University Facilities records, # R0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["None."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7543aee6c7852142b11e3a84c8193d1e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Facilities"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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It has been ascertained that these records do not belong with these materials. They have been withdrawn from the collection, and restrictions have been noted."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None."],"date_range_isim":[1978],"_nest_path_":"/components#334","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:29.468Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_206.xml","title_ssm":["George Mason University Facilities records"],"title_tesim":["George Mason University Facilities records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Mason University Facilities records, 1952/2003"],"text":["George Mason University Facilities records, 1952/2003","R0017","/repositories/2/resources/206","A small amount of student records that are restricted under FERPA, were found in the collection at its acquisition. It has been ascertained that these records do not belong with these materials. They have been withdrawn from the collection, and restrictions have been noted.","Selected digital versions are available through the .","Organized at the individual file level by building/road/project or contractor and by physical format.","George Mason University began operation under the name \"University College of the University of Virginia\" in the fall of 1957 in an 8-room former elementary school in Bailey's Crossroads. The original student body consisted of 17 young men and women from local high schools. The college was renamed \"George Mason College\" in late 1959 and moved to its first permanent campus at Fairfax during the fall of 1964. George Mason College became independent from the University of Virginia on April 7, 1972 and was renamed George Mason University. In 1979 George Mason's acquisition of the International School of Law in Arlington was approved by the Virginia Legislature, creating the George Mason University School of Law (now known as the Antonin Scalia Law School) upon the Arlington Campus (know known as Mason Square Campus). Today's Science and Technology Campus near Manassas, Virginia was established in 1997, and Mason Korea, located in the Incheon Global Campus, began operations in 2014. Enrollment at all campuses combined totaled over 40,000 in 2024.","George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations operates, maintains, repairs, replaces, renews, and secures all buildings, grounds, utilities, and other infrastructure belonging to George Mason University. This responsibility changed considerably over the years as the university grew from a four-building branch college in 1964 to a university boasting nearly 150 during the early 2000s.","Processed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay.","This collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties.","None.","This collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. 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Facilities"],"access_terms_ssm":["None."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Transferred by George Mason University Facilities Management to Special Collections Research Center in 2008."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["70 Linear Feet (140 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["70 Linear Feet (140 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA small amount of student records that are restricted under FERPA, were found in the collection at its acquisition. It has been ascertained that these records do not belong with these materials. They have been withdrawn from the collection, and restrictions have been noted.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["A small amount of student records that are restricted under FERPA, were found in the collection at its acquisition. It has been ascertained that these records do not belong with these materials. They have been withdrawn from the collection, and restrictions have been noted."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelected digital versions are available through the \u003cextptr href=\"http://mars.gmu.edu/handle/1920/2996\" title=\"George Mason University Facilities Planning Documents, 1960-2007\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selected digital versions are available through the ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized at the individual file level by building/road/project or contractor and by physical format.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized at the individual file level by building/road/project or contractor and by physical format."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University began operation under the name \"University College of the University of Virginia\" in the fall of 1957 in an 8-room former elementary school in Bailey's Crossroads. The original student body consisted of 17 young men and women from local high schools. The college was renamed \"George Mason College\" in late 1959 and moved to its first permanent campus at Fairfax during the fall of 1964. George Mason College became independent from the University of Virginia on April 7, 1972 and was renamed George Mason University. In 1979 George Mason's acquisition of the International School of Law in Arlington was approved by the Virginia Legislature, creating the George Mason University School of Law (now known as the Antonin Scalia Law School) upon the Arlington Campus (know known as Mason Square Campus). Today's Science and Technology Campus near Manassas, Virginia was established in 1997, and Mason Korea, located in the Incheon Global Campus, began operations in 2014. Enrollment at all campuses combined totaled over 40,000 in 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations operates, maintains, repairs, replaces, renews, and secures all buildings, grounds, utilities, and other infrastructure belonging to George Mason University. This responsibility changed considerably over the years as the university grew from a four-building branch college in 1964 to a university boasting nearly 150 during the early 2000s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["George Mason University began operation under the name \"University College of the University of Virginia\" in the fall of 1957 in an 8-room former elementary school in Bailey's Crossroads. The original student body consisted of 17 young men and women from local high schools. The college was renamed \"George Mason College\" in late 1959 and moved to its first permanent campus at Fairfax during the fall of 1964. George Mason College became independent from the University of Virginia on April 7, 1972 and was renamed George Mason University. In 1979 George Mason's acquisition of the International School of Law in Arlington was approved by the Virginia Legislature, creating the George Mason University School of Law (now known as the Antonin Scalia Law School) upon the Arlington Campus (know known as Mason Square Campus). Today's Science and Technology Campus near Manassas, Virginia was established in 1997, and Mason Korea, located in the Incheon Global Campus, began operations in 2014. Enrollment at all campuses combined totaled over 40,000 in 2024.","George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations operates, maintains, repairs, replaces, renews, and secures all buildings, grounds, utilities, and other infrastructure belonging to George Mason University. This responsibility changed considerably over the years as the university grew from a four-building branch college in 1964 to a university boasting nearly 150 during the early 2000s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University Facilities records, # R0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason University Facilities records, # R0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["None."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7543aee6c7852142b11e3a84c8193d1e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Facilities"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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They have been withdrawn from the collection, and restrictions have been noted."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["None."],"date_range_isim":[1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"_nest_path_":"/components#388","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:29.468Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_206.xml","title_ssm":["George Mason University Facilities records"],"title_tesim":["George Mason University Facilities records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952-2003"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-2003"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1952/2003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["George Mason University Facilities records, 1952/2003"],"text":["George Mason University Facilities records, 1952/2003","R0017","/repositories/2/resources/206","A small amount of student records that are restricted under FERPA, were found in the collection at its acquisition. It has been ascertained that these records do not belong with these materials. They have been withdrawn from the collection, and restrictions have been noted.","Selected digital versions are available through the .","Organized at the individual file level by building/road/project or contractor and by physical format.","George Mason University began operation under the name \"University College of the University of Virginia\" in the fall of 1957 in an 8-room former elementary school in Bailey's Crossroads. The original student body consisted of 17 young men and women from local high schools. The college was renamed \"George Mason College\" in late 1959 and moved to its first permanent campus at Fairfax during the fall of 1964. George Mason College became independent from the University of Virginia on April 7, 1972 and was renamed George Mason University. In 1979 George Mason's acquisition of the International School of Law in Arlington was approved by the Virginia Legislature, creating the George Mason University School of Law (now known as the Antonin Scalia Law School) upon the Arlington Campus (know known as Mason Square Campus). Today's Science and Technology Campus near Manassas, Virginia was established in 1997, and Mason Korea, located in the Incheon Global Campus, began operations in 2014. Enrollment at all campuses combined totaled over 40,000 in 2024.","George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations operates, maintains, repairs, replaces, renews, and secures all buildings, grounds, utilities, and other infrastructure belonging to George Mason University. This responsibility changed considerably over the years as the university grew from a four-building branch college in 1964 to a university boasting nearly 150 during the early 2000s.","Processed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay.","This collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties.","None.","This collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. 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They have been withdrawn from the collection, and restrictions have been noted."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelected digital versions are available through the \u003cextptr href=\"http://mars.gmu.edu/handle/1920/2996\" title=\"George Mason University Facilities Planning Documents, 1960-2007\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Format Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selected digital versions are available through the ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized at the individual file level by building/road/project or contractor and by physical format.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized at the individual file level by building/road/project or contractor and by physical format."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University began operation under the name \"University College of the University of Virginia\" in the fall of 1957 in an 8-room former elementary school in Bailey's Crossroads. The original student body consisted of 17 young men and women from local high schools. The college was renamed \"George Mason College\" in late 1959 and moved to its first permanent campus at Fairfax during the fall of 1964. George Mason College became independent from the University of Virginia on April 7, 1972 and was renamed George Mason University. In 1979 George Mason's acquisition of the International School of Law in Arlington was approved by the Virginia Legislature, creating the George Mason University School of Law (now known as the Antonin Scalia Law School) upon the Arlington Campus (know known as Mason Square Campus). Today's Science and Technology Campus near Manassas, Virginia was established in 1997, and Mason Korea, located in the Incheon Global Campus, began operations in 2014. 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George Mason College became independent from the University of Virginia on April 7, 1972 and was renamed George Mason University. In 1979 George Mason's acquisition of the International School of Law in Arlington was approved by the Virginia Legislature, creating the George Mason University School of Law (now known as the Antonin Scalia Law School) upon the Arlington Campus (know known as Mason Square Campus). Today's Science and Technology Campus near Manassas, Virginia was established in 1997, and Mason Korea, located in the Incheon Global Campus, began operations in 2014. Enrollment at all campuses combined totaled over 40,000 in 2024.","George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations operates, maintains, repairs, replaces, renews, and secures all buildings, grounds, utilities, and other infrastructure belonging to George Mason University. This responsibility changed considerably over the years as the university grew from a four-building branch college in 1964 to a university boasting nearly 150 during the early 2000s."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eGeorge Mason University Facilities records, # R0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["George Mason University Facilities records, # R0017, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Joey Romeo in August 2012. EAD markup completed by Joey Romeo and Michelle Page in September 2012. Metadata cleanup in May/June 2025 by Annie Waddell and Robert Vay."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains records created or acquired by the George Mason University Facilities division (now known as George Mason University Facilities and Campus Operations) from 1952 to 2003. The majority of the records cover the years 1967 to 1994. The materials were originally housed in the university's Facilities Management Office and used to document construction, repair, upgrades,improvements,and maintenance of the physical campuses at Fairfax, Manassas, Arlington, Virginia. The records include aerial photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to management of George Mason University physical campuses.  Records in this group document construction, mantenance and expansion of student residence halls as well as campus libraries, administrative and academic buildings, athletic facilities, roads, and other university properties."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNone.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["None."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7543aee6c7852142b11e3a84c8193d1e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains records created or collected by the George Mason University Facilities Management unit from the 1952 to 2003.  More specifically, it contains photos, blue prints, microfilms, project manuals, change orders, and other project-related documents pertaining to the management of the Fairfax, Arlington (now known as Mason Square), and Prince William (now known as the Science and Technology) Campuses."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Facilities"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Facilities"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2284,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:29.468Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_206_c389"}},{"id":"vifgm_LivingStage_c02_c02_c235","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Year End Reports, 1978","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_LivingStage_c02_c02_c235#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_LivingStage_c02_c02_c235#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_LivingStage_c02_c02_c235","ref_ssm":["vifgm_LivingStage_c02_c02_c235"],"id":"vifgm_LivingStage_c02_c02_c235","ead_ssi":"vifgm_LivingStage","_root_":"vifgm_LivingStage","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_LivingStage_c02_c02","parent_ssi":"vifgm_LivingStage_c02_c02","parent_ssim":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001","Series 2: Artistic and workshop files, 1966/2001","Production reports and workshops, 1967/2001"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_LivingStage","vifgm_LivingStage_c02","vifgm_LivingStage_c02_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Year End Reports,","title_ssm":["Year End Reports"],"title_tesim":["Year End Reports"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Year End Reports, 1978"],"text":["Year End Reports, 1978","Living Stage records, 1965/2001","Series 2: Artistic and workshop files, 1966/2001","Production reports and workshops, 1967/2001","Box 79","Folder 17"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001","Series 2: Artistic and workshop files, 1966/2001","Production reports and workshops, 1967/2001"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001","Series 2: Artistic and workshop files, 1966/2001","Production reports and workshops, 1967/2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1978"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1978"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":1111,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001"],"containers_ssim":["Box 79","Folder 17"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Living Stage Records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"date_range_isim":[1978],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n            "],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1/components#234","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:19:47.173Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_LivingStage","ead_ssi":"vifgm_LivingStage","_root_":"vifgm_LivingStage","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_LivingStage","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/LivingStage.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/livingstage.html","title_ssm":["Living Stage records"],"title_tesim":["Living Stage records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-2001"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965/2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001"],"text":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001","C0277","Acting.","People with mental disabilities--Services for--United States.","Performance art--Photographs.","Public schools--Virginia.","Radicalism--United States--History--20th century.","Students--Photographs.","Theater--United States--History--20th century.","Theater--Washington (D.C.)","Playscripts.","Theatre programs.","There are no access restrictions.","The collection is divided into three series, each of which is divided into subseries.","Series 1: Administrative and Financial Files, 1965-2000 (Boxes 1-56)\n        Series 2: Artistic and Workshop Files, 1966-2001 (Boxes 57-85)\n        Series 3: Audiovisual Materials, 1967-1998 (Boxes 86-106)","The Living Stage Theatre Company began in 1966 as a venture of the Arena Stage and Robert Alexander. Known from 1966-1968 as the Children's Theatre, the Living Stage from the beginning dedicated itself to programming with a social consciousness and a desire to effect societal change through performance. Robert Alexander was the theatre's founder and until 1995 its director. Alexander brought an adapted street and guerilla theater style to the DC area after becoming disenchanted with traditional theater's \"middle-class\" audience. The Living Stage provided training to actors in the art of improvisational theater through tuition free schooling during the summers, as well as through weekend long workshop training for social workers, teachers, and other professionals throughout their 9 month season. While most of the Stage's workshops were held on site at schools, museums, and prisons, the Living Stage did have its own formal space in Washington DC on 14th and T Streets NW. The Living Stage put on productions across Northern Virginia in schools, youth homes, and even prisons like the Lorton Penitentiary. Senior members of the company, like Jennifer Nelson and Oran Sandel helped to send the Living Stage across the country as well. Their efforts were largely funded through vigorous campaigning for grants and fund raising through the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and other private foundations. The Living Stage also received substantial financial assistance from its parent company, the Washington Drama Society, Inc.","The Living Stage performance style consisted of \"The Jam\", \"The Performance\" and \"The Workshop\"; a three part study that was used at most of their venues. The first part, or \"Jam\", consisted of actors working with their audience to \"rap\", make music, and \"jam\" through spoken or sung words accompanied by instrumentals typically provided by audience members. Then the actors moved into the \"performance\" itself. During the performance, the actors put on an improvised theater production directed by a senior member of the cast and assisted by one or two audience members. The \"Workshop\" began from there; during the workshop, the audience took over the scene, while still directed by the actors, and was encouraged to make it their own. Audiences gave their opinions and thoughts on each performance in the form of production reports that were collected by the Living Stage.","The projects that the Living Stage put on typically dealt with controversial and sensitive topics like race, economic inequality, the dangers of an overzealous American foreign policy, the atom bomb, violence, and freedom. The \"Baltimore Incident\" of 1971 is an excellent example of how controversial these productions could be. No matter how mixed opinions were, the Living Stage always elicited a reaction with their improvisational performances. During the 1980s the Living Stage began to reach out extensively to local initiatives like The District's Alcohol and Drug Abuse Services Administration and created their own Community Services Project in order to continue to bring theater and creativity to underserved sections of society. The Living Stage championed New Left ideals like equality and social justice throughout the Reagan years, despite some criticisms about their message being \"anachronistic\".","The organization began its twilight years in the first half of the 1990s as many of its founding and senior members began to take their skills elsewhere. Robert Alexander himself left in 1995 to start educating people in the art of improvisational theater full time. Jennifer Nelson, David Matthew Proctor, Ezra Knight, and others began to filter away in the 1990s to pursue their own acting goals and the Living Stage would officially close its doors in 2002.","The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam, U-matic, reel-to-reel film and audio tapes contained in Series 3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.","Processing completed by Nick Welsh and Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. EAD markup completed by Nick Welsh in June 2016.","The Special Collections and Research Center holds several collections of personal papers of individuals involved with the Living Stage Theater Company collection Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas Fichandler papers, and the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Arena Stage collection and many other theater collections.","The Living Stage records consist of materials spanning the length of that organization's history from about 1965, when the Living Stage was known as the Children's Theatre, to 2001. Included in the records are administrative files including financial papers, grant requests and applications, printed pieces, and correspondence and more creative materials including workshop reports and scripts, audiovisual files on reel-to-reel tapes, and photographic materials.","Series 1: Administrative and Financial Files (1965-2000) includes documents relating to the day to day running of the Living Stage Theatre Company as well as programming, project planning, financials, budgets, grants, press releases and printed documents. It is divided further into 4 subseries. Subseries 1.1 Policies, Planning, and Development includes the administrative files of the Living Stage including season summaries by date, long range plans, meeting minutes, and Community Service Project information. Subseries 1.2 Grants and Foundations contains all materials related to grant requests, endowments (including the National Endowment for the Arts), and donations made by both large charitable organizations and private donors. Subseries 1.3 Financials and Correspondence includes budget materials, expense reports, and benefit information, as well as correspondence between members of the LSTC, memos, and fan mail (called \"love letters\") from schools and other workshop sites. Subseries 1.4 Public Relations and Printed Pieces consist of various publications made by the Living Stage such as their newsletters and advertisements, as well as transcripts of speeches made by LSTC executives and press releases promoting the Living Stage.","Series 2: Artistic and Workshop Files (1966-2001), which is split into 3 subseries, contains the creative aspects of the Living Stage, including details about residencies and the personnel of the Company, as well as workshop reports, scripts, and \"Jams\". Subseries 2.1 Residency and Personnel Files contains all documents related to the people of the Living Stage, including casting information and details about out of state residencies (including those in Stockholm, Boston, Pittsburgh, New York and others). Subseries 2.2 Production Reports and Workshops encompasses the output of the Living Stage Theatre Company in the form of workshops, which are series of performances put on at schools, museums, and communities, and the production reports which sought to analyze audience reception of and reaction to these performances. Look to the \"Baltimore Incident\" for an excellent example of how contentious and revolutionary the Living Stage's performances were. Subseries 2.3 Production Files and Scripts, while small, contains items related to the Living Stage's \"Jams\" including scripts, research, and other assorted play files.","Series 3: Audiovisual Materials (1967-1998) includes all photos, negatives, and film of the Living Stage or their productions. It is divided into three subseries. Subseries 3.1 Photographic Materials includes various photos and negatives showing the cast of the Living Stage at various times as well as production stills. Unfortunately, the majority of these are undated or have little in the way of description. Subseries 3.2 Reel to Reel Materials includes tapings of various workshops and productions mostly from the 1970s and 1980s. Subseries 3.3 Cassete and VHS tapes contains cassette, VHS, Betamax, and U-matic tapes either used by the Living Stage for performances or made by/about the Living Stage.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Living Stage Records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.","The Living Stage records include pieces related to the traveling theater company, which was founded by Robert Alexander, between 1965 and 2001.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001"],"collection_ssim":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0277"],"unitid_tesim":["C0277"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center."],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center."],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Living Stage Records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Arena Stage in 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Acting.","People with mental disabilities--Services for--United States.","Performance art--Photographs.","Public schools--Virginia.","Radicalism--United States--History--20th century.","Students--Photographs.","Theater--United States--History--20th century.","Theater--Washington (D.C.)","Playscripts.","Theatre programs."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Acting.","People with mental disabilities--Services for--United States.","Performance art--Photographs.","Public schools--Virginia.","Radicalism--United States--History--20th century.","Students--Photographs.","Theater--United States--History--20th century.","Theater--Washington (D.C.)","Playscripts.","Theatre programs."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["48.0 linear feet (106 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["48.0 linear feet (106 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into three series, each of which is divided into subseries.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Administrative and Financial Files, 1965-2000 (Boxes 1-56)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Artistic and Workshop Files, 1966-2001 (Boxes 57-85)\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Audiovisual Materials, 1967-1998 (Boxes 86-106)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into three series, each of which is divided into subseries.","Series 1: Administrative and Financial Files, 1965-2000 (Boxes 1-56)\n        Series 2: Artistic and Workshop Files, 1966-2001 (Boxes 57-85)\n        Series 3: Audiovisual Materials, 1967-1998 (Boxes 86-106)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Living Stage Theatre Company began in 1966 as a venture of the Arena Stage and Robert Alexander. Known from 1966-1968 as the Children's Theatre, the Living Stage from the beginning dedicated itself to programming with a social consciousness and a desire to effect societal change through performance. Robert Alexander was the theatre's founder and until 1995 its director. Alexander brought an adapted street and guerilla theater style to the DC area after becoming disenchanted with traditional theater's \"middle-class\" audience. The Living Stage provided training to actors in the art of improvisational theater through tuition free schooling during the summers, as well as through weekend long workshop training for social workers, teachers, and other professionals throughout their 9 month season. While most of the Stage's workshops were held on site at schools, museums, and prisons, the Living Stage did have its own formal space in Washington DC on 14th and T Streets NW. The Living Stage put on productions across Northern Virginia in schools, youth homes, and even prisons like the Lorton Penitentiary. Senior members of the company, like Jennifer Nelson and Oran Sandel helped to send the Living Stage across the country as well. Their efforts were largely funded through vigorous campaigning for grants and fund raising through the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and other private foundations. The Living Stage also received substantial financial assistance from its parent company, the Washington Drama Society, Inc. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Living Stage performance style consisted of \"The Jam\", \"The Performance\" and \"The Workshop\"; a three part study that was used at most of their venues. The first part, or \"Jam\", consisted of actors working with their audience to \"rap\", make music, and \"jam\" through spoken or sung words accompanied by instrumentals typically provided by audience members. Then the actors moved into the \"performance\" itself. During the performance, the actors put on an improvised theater production directed by a senior member of the cast and assisted by one or two audience members. The \"Workshop\" began from there; during the workshop, the audience took over the scene, while still directed by the actors, and was encouraged to make it their own. Audiences gave their opinions and thoughts on each performance in the form of production reports that were collected by the Living Stage. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe projects that the Living Stage put on typically dealt with controversial and sensitive topics like race, economic inequality, the dangers of an overzealous American foreign policy, the atom bomb, violence, and freedom. The \"Baltimore Incident\" of 1971 is an excellent example of how controversial these productions could be. No matter how mixed opinions were, the Living Stage always elicited a reaction with their improvisational performances. During the 1980s the Living Stage began to reach out extensively to local initiatives like The District's Alcohol and Drug Abuse Services Administration and created their own Community Services Project in order to continue to bring theater and creativity to underserved sections of society. The Living Stage championed New Left ideals like equality and social justice throughout the Reagan years, despite some criticisms about their message being \"anachronistic\". \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e The organization began its twilight years in the first half of the 1990s as many of its founding and senior members began to take their skills elsewhere. Robert Alexander himself left in 1995 to start educating people in the art of improvisational theater full time. Jennifer Nelson, David Matthew Proctor, Ezra Knight, and others began to filter away in the 1990s to pursue their own acting goals and the Living Stage would officially close its doors in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Living Stage Theatre Company began in 1966 as a venture of the Arena Stage and Robert Alexander. Known from 1966-1968 as the Children's Theatre, the Living Stage from the beginning dedicated itself to programming with a social consciousness and a desire to effect societal change through performance. Robert Alexander was the theatre's founder and until 1995 its director. Alexander brought an adapted street and guerilla theater style to the DC area after becoming disenchanted with traditional theater's \"middle-class\" audience. The Living Stage provided training to actors in the art of improvisational theater through tuition free schooling during the summers, as well as through weekend long workshop training for social workers, teachers, and other professionals throughout their 9 month season. While most of the Stage's workshops were held on site at schools, museums, and prisons, the Living Stage did have its own formal space in Washington DC on 14th and T Streets NW. The Living Stage put on productions across Northern Virginia in schools, youth homes, and even prisons like the Lorton Penitentiary. Senior members of the company, like Jennifer Nelson and Oran Sandel helped to send the Living Stage across the country as well. Their efforts were largely funded through vigorous campaigning for grants and fund raising through the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and other private foundations. The Living Stage also received substantial financial assistance from its parent company, the Washington Drama Society, Inc.","The Living Stage performance style consisted of \"The Jam\", \"The Performance\" and \"The Workshop\"; a three part study that was used at most of their venues. The first part, or \"Jam\", consisted of actors working with their audience to \"rap\", make music, and \"jam\" through spoken or sung words accompanied by instrumentals typically provided by audience members. Then the actors moved into the \"performance\" itself. During the performance, the actors put on an improvised theater production directed by a senior member of the cast and assisted by one or two audience members. The \"Workshop\" began from there; during the workshop, the audience took over the scene, while still directed by the actors, and was encouraged to make it their own. Audiences gave their opinions and thoughts on each performance in the form of production reports that were collected by the Living Stage.","The projects that the Living Stage put on typically dealt with controversial and sensitive topics like race, economic inequality, the dangers of an overzealous American foreign policy, the atom bomb, violence, and freedom. The \"Baltimore Incident\" of 1971 is an excellent example of how controversial these productions could be. No matter how mixed opinions were, the Living Stage always elicited a reaction with their improvisational performances. During the 1980s the Living Stage began to reach out extensively to local initiatives like The District's Alcohol and Drug Abuse Services Administration and created their own Community Services Project in order to continue to bring theater and creativity to underserved sections of society. The Living Stage championed New Left ideals like equality and social justice throughout the Reagan years, despite some criticisms about their message being \"anachronistic\".","The organization began its twilight years in the first half of the 1990s as many of its founding and senior members began to take their skills elsewhere. Robert Alexander himself left in 1995 to start educating people in the art of improvisational theater full time. Jennifer Nelson, David Matthew Proctor, Ezra Knight, and others began to filter away in the 1990s to pursue their own acting goals and the Living Stage would officially close its doors in 2002."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam, U-matic, reel-to-reel film and audio tapes contained in Series 3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch Betacam, U-matic, reel-to-reel film and audio tapes contained in Series 3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLiving Stage Records, C0277, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["Living Stage Records, C0277, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Nick Welsh and Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. EAD markup completed by Nick Welsh in June 2016.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Nick Welsh and Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. EAD markup completed by Nick Welsh in June 2016."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections and Research Center holds several collections of personal papers of individuals involved with the Living Stage Theater Company collection Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas Fichandler papers, and the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Arena Stage collection and many other theater collections.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections and Research Center holds several collections of personal papers of individuals involved with the Living Stage Theater Company collection Arena Stage, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas Fichandler papers, and the Ken Kitch papers, as well as the Arena Stage collection and many other theater collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e The Living Stage records consist of materials spanning the length of that organization's history from about 1965, when the Living Stage was known as the Children's Theatre, to 2001. Included in the records are administrative files including financial papers, grant requests and applications, printed pieces, and correspondence and more creative materials including workshop reports and scripts, audiovisual files on reel-to-reel tapes, and photographic materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative and Financial Files (1965-2000) includes documents relating to the day to day running of the Living Stage Theatre Company as well as programming, project planning, financials, budgets, grants, press releases and printed documents. It is divided further into 4 subseries. Subseries 1.1 Policies, Planning, and Development includes the administrative files of the Living Stage including season summaries by date, long range plans, meeting minutes, and Community Service Project information. Subseries 1.2 Grants and Foundations contains all materials related to grant requests, endowments (including the National Endowment for the Arts), and donations made by both large charitable organizations and private donors. Subseries 1.3 Financials and Correspondence includes budget materials, expense reports, and benefit information, as well as correspondence between members of the LSTC, memos, and fan mail (called \"love letters\") from schools and other workshop sites. Subseries 1.4 Public Relations and Printed Pieces consist of various publications made by the Living Stage such as their newsletters and advertisements, as well as transcripts of speeches made by LSTC executives and press releases promoting the Living Stage.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003e Series 2: Artistic and Workshop Files (1966-2001), which is split into 3 subseries, contains the creative aspects of the Living Stage, including details about residencies and the personnel of the Company, as well as workshop reports, scripts, and \"Jams\". Subseries 2.1 Residency and Personnel Files contains all documents related to the people of the Living Stage, including casting information and details about out of state residencies (including those in Stockholm, Boston, Pittsburgh, New York and others). Subseries 2.2 Production Reports and Workshops encompasses the output of the Living Stage Theatre Company in the form of workshops, which are series of performances put on at schools, museums, and communities, and the production reports which sought to analyze audience reception of and reaction to these performances. Look to the \"Baltimore Incident\" for an excellent example of how contentious and revolutionary the Living Stage's performances were. Subseries 2.3 Production Files and Scripts, while small, contains items related to the Living Stage's \"Jams\" including scripts, research, and other assorted play files. \u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Audiovisual Materials (1967-1998) includes all photos, negatives, and film of the Living Stage or their productions. It is divided into three subseries. Subseries 3.1 Photographic Materials includes various photos and negatives showing the cast of the Living Stage at various times as well as production stills. Unfortunately, the majority of these are undated or have little in the way of description. Subseries 3.2 Reel to Reel Materials includes tapings of various workshops and productions mostly from the 1970s and 1980s. Subseries 3.3 Cassete and VHS tapes contains cassette, VHS, Betamax, and U-matic tapes either used by the Living Stage for performances or made by/about the Living Stage.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Living Stage records consist of materials spanning the length of that organization's history from about 1965, when the Living Stage was known as the Children's Theatre, to 2001. Included in the records are administrative files including financial papers, grant requests and applications, printed pieces, and correspondence and more creative materials including workshop reports and scripts, audiovisual files on reel-to-reel tapes, and photographic materials.","Series 1: Administrative and Financial Files (1965-2000) includes documents relating to the day to day running of the Living Stage Theatre Company as well as programming, project planning, financials, budgets, grants, press releases and printed documents. It is divided further into 4 subseries. Subseries 1.1 Policies, Planning, and Development includes the administrative files of the Living Stage including season summaries by date, long range plans, meeting minutes, and Community Service Project information. Subseries 1.2 Grants and Foundations contains all materials related to grant requests, endowments (including the National Endowment for the Arts), and donations made by both large charitable organizations and private donors. Subseries 1.3 Financials and Correspondence includes budget materials, expense reports, and benefit information, as well as correspondence between members of the LSTC, memos, and fan mail (called \"love letters\") from schools and other workshop sites. Subseries 1.4 Public Relations and Printed Pieces consist of various publications made by the Living Stage such as their newsletters and advertisements, as well as transcripts of speeches made by LSTC executives and press releases promoting the Living Stage.","Series 2: Artistic and Workshop Files (1966-2001), which is split into 3 subseries, contains the creative aspects of the Living Stage, including details about residencies and the personnel of the Company, as well as workshop reports, scripts, and \"Jams\". Subseries 2.1 Residency and Personnel Files contains all documents related to the people of the Living Stage, including casting information and details about out of state residencies (including those in Stockholm, Boston, Pittsburgh, New York and others). Subseries 2.2 Production Reports and Workshops encompasses the output of the Living Stage Theatre Company in the form of workshops, which are series of performances put on at schools, museums, and communities, and the production reports which sought to analyze audience reception of and reaction to these performances. Look to the \"Baltimore Incident\" for an excellent example of how contentious and revolutionary the Living Stage's performances were. Subseries 2.3 Production Files and Scripts, while small, contains items related to the Living Stage's \"Jams\" including scripts, research, and other assorted play files.","Series 3: Audiovisual Materials (1967-1998) includes all photos, negatives, and film of the Living Stage or their productions. It is divided into three subseries. Subseries 3.1 Photographic Materials includes various photos and negatives showing the cast of the Living Stage at various times as well as production stills. Unfortunately, the majority of these are undated or have little in the way of description. Subseries 3.2 Reel to Reel Materials includes tapings of various workshops and productions mostly from the 1970s and 1980s. Subseries 3.3 Cassete and VHS tapes contains cassette, VHS, Betamax, and U-matic tapes either used by the Living Stage for performances or made by/about the Living Stage."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Living Stage Records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the Living Stage Records must be obtained from Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref348\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Living Stage records include pieces related to the traveling theater company, which was founded by Robert Alexander, between 1965 and 2001.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Living Stage records include pieces related to the traveling theater company, which was founded by Robert Alexander, between 1965 and 2001."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1502,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:19:47.173Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_LivingStage_c02_c02_c235"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602_c02_c02_c235","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Year End Reports, 1978","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602_c02_c02_c235#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602_c02_c02_c235","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602_c02_c02_c235"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602_c02_c02_c235","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602_c02_c02","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602_c02_c02","parent_ssim":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001","Series 2: Artistic and workshop files, 1966/2001","Production reports and workshops, 1967/2001"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602_c02","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602_c02_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Year End Reports","title_ssm":["Year End Reports"],"title_tesim":["Year End Reports"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Year End Reports, 1978"],"text":["Year End Reports, 1978","Living Stage records, 1965/2001","Series 2: Artistic and workshop files, 1966/2001","Production reports and workshops, 1967/2001","Box 79","Folder 17"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001","Series 2: Artistic and workshop files, 1966/2001","Production reports and workshops, 1967/2001"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001","Series 2: Artistic and workshop files, 1966/2001","Production reports and workshops, 1967/2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1978"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1978"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[3],"sort_isi":1111,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001"],"containers_ssim":["Box 79","Folder 17"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["There are no access restrictions on Series 1 and 2. Please see the Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements note for access information on Series 3."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1978],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1/components#234","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:08.504Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_602","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_602.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Living Stage records","title_ssm":["Living Stage records"],"title_tesim":["Living Stage records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1965-2001"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965-2001"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965/2001"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001"],"text":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001","C0277","/repositories/2/resources/602","Washington (D.C.)","Acting","People with mental disabilities -- Services for -- United States","Performance art -- Photographs","Public schools -- Virginia","Radicalism -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Students -- Photographs","Theater -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater programs","Playscript","There are no access restrictions on Series 1 and 2. Please see the Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements note for access information on Series 3.","The collection is divided into three series, each of which is divided into subseries.","Series\n      Series 1: Administrative and Financial Files, 1965-2000 (Boxes 1-56)\n      Series 2: Artistic and Workshop Files, 1966-2001 (Boxes 57-85)\n      Series 3: Audiovisual and Photographic Materials, 1967-1999 (Boxes 86-106)","The Living Stage Theatre Company began in 1966 as a venture of Arena Stage and Robert Alexander. Known from 1966-1968 as The Children's Theatre, the Living Stage from the beginning dedicated itself to programming with a social consciousness and a desire to effect societal change through performance. Robert Alexander was the theatre's founder and until 1995 its director. Alexander brought an adapted street and guerilla theater style to the D.C. area after becoming disenchanted with traditional theatre's \"middle-class\" audience. The Living Stage provided training to actors in the art of improvisational theater through tuition free schooling during the summers, as well as through weekend long workshop training for social workers, teachers, and other professionals throughout their 9 month season. While most of the Stage's workshops were held on site at schools, museums, and prisons, the Living Stage did have its own formal space in Washington, D.C. on 14th and T Streets NW. The Living Stage put on productions across Northern Virginia in schools, youth homes, and even prisons like the Lorton Penitentiary. Senior members of the company, like Jennifer Nelson and Oran Sandel helped to send the Living Stage across the country as well. Their efforts were largely funded through vigorous campaigning for grants and fund raising through the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and other private foundations. The Living Stage also received substantial financial assistance from its parent company, the Washington Drama Society, Inc.","The Living Stage performance style consisted of \"The Jam,\" \"The Performance,\" and \"The Workshop,\" a three part study that was used at most of their venues. The first part, or \"Jam,\" consisted of actors working with their audience to \"rap,\" make music, and \"jam\" through spoken or sung words accompanied by instrumentals typically provided by audience members. The actors then moved into the \"performance\" itself. During the performance the actors put on an improvised theater production directed by a senior member of the cast and assisted by one or two audience members. The \"Workshop\" began from there; during the workshop, the audience took over the scene, while still directed by the actors, and was encouraged to make it their own. Audiences gave their opinions and thoughts on each performance in the form of production reports that were collected by the Living Stage.","The projects that the Living Stage put on typically dealt with controversial and sensitive topics like race, economic inequality, the dangers of an overzealous American foreign policy, the atom bomb, violence, and freedom. The \"Baltimore Incident\" of 1971 is an excellent example of how controversial these productions could be. No matter how mixed opinions were, the Living Stage always elicited a reaction with their improvisational performances. During the 1980s the Living Stage began to reach out extensively to local initiatives like The District's Alcohol and Drug Abuse Services Administration and created their own Community Services Project in order to continue to bring theater and creativity to underserved sections of society. The Living Stage championed New Left ideals like equality and social justice throughout the Reagan years, despite some criticisms about their message being \"anachronistic.\"","The organization began to sunset in the first half of the 1990s as many of its founding and senior members took their skills elsewhere. Robert Alexander himself left in 1995 to start educating people in the art of improvisational theater full time. Jennifer Nelson, David Matthew Proctor, Ezra Knight, and others began to filter away in the 1990s to pursue their own acting goals and the Living Stage would officially close its doors in 2002.","The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch or listen to all audiovisual material in Series 3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.","Processing completed by Nick Welsh and Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. EAD markup completed by Nick Welsh in June 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in March 2025.","The Special Collections Research Center holds several collections of personal papers of individuals involved with the Living Stage Theater Company, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, and the Ken Kitch papers. It also holds the Arena Stage records.","The Living Stage records consists of material spanning the length of the organization's history from 1965, when the Living Stage was known as the Children's Theatre, to 2001. Included in the records are administrative files, financial papers, grant requests and applications, correspondence, workshop reports and scripts, as well as audiovisual and photographic materials.","Series 1: Administrative and Financial Files (1965-2000) includes documents relating to the day to day running of the Living Stage Theatre Company as well as programming, project planning, financials, budgets, grants, press releases and printed documents. It is divided further into 4 subseries. Subseries 1.1 Policies, Planning, and Development includes the administrative files of the Living Stage including season summaries by date, long range plans, meeting minutes, and Community Service Project information. Subseries 1.2 Grants and Foundations contains all materials related to grant requests, endowments (including the National Endowment for the Arts), and donations made by both large charitable organizations and private donors. Subseries 1.3 Financials and Correspondence includes budget materials, expense reports, and benefit information, as well as correspondence between members of the LSTC, memos, and fan mail (called \"love letters\") from schools and other workshop sites. Subseries 1.4 Public Relations and Printed Pieces consist of various publications made by the Living Stage such as their newsletters and advertisements, as well as transcripts of speeches made by LSTC executives and press releases promoting the Living Stage.","Series 2: Artistic and Workshop Files (1966-2001), which is split into 3 subseries, contains the creative aspects of the Living Stage, including details about residencies and the personnel of the Company, as well as workshop reports, scripts, and \"Jams.\" Subseries 2.1 Residency and Personnel Files contains all documents related to the people of the Living Stage, including casting information and details about out of state residencies (including those in Stockholm, Boston, Pittsburgh, New York and others). Subseries 2.2 Production Reports and Workshops encompasses the output of the Living Stage Theatre Company in the form of workshops, which are series of performances put on at schools, museums, and communities, and the production reports which sought to analyze audience reception of and reaction to these performances. Look to the \"Baltimore Incident\" for an excellent example of how contentious and revolutionary the Living Stage's performances were. Subseries 2.3 Production Files and Scripts, while small, contains items related to the Living Stage's \"Jams\" including scripts, research, and other assorted play files.","Series 3: Audiovisual and Photographic Materials (1967-1999) includes all photos, negatives, and film of the Living Stage or their productions. It is divided into three subseries. Subseries 3.1 Photographic Materials includes various photos and negatives showing the cast of the Living Stage at various times, as well as production stills. Unfortunately, the majority of these are undated or have little in the way of description. Subseries 3.2 Audio and film reels includes tapings of various workshops and productions mostly from the 1970s and 1980s. Subseries 3.3 Audio and video tapes contains cassette, VHS, Betamax, and U-matic tapes either used by the Living Stage for performances or made by/about the Living Stage.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The Living Stage records documents the Living Stage Theatre Company, founded by Robert Alexander as an offshoot of Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. The records were created from 1965-2001.","R 52, C 6, S 3 - R 53, C 2, S 6\n\nMap Case 8.2","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001"],"collection_ssim":["Living Stage records, 1965/2001"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0277","/repositories/2/resources/602"],"unitid_tesim":["C0277","/repositories/2/resources/602"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"geogname_ssm":["Washington (D.C.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Washington (D.C.)"],"places_ssim":["Washington (D.C.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"creators_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by Arena Stage in 2000."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Acting","People with mental disabilities -- Services for -- United States","Performance art -- Photographs","Public schools -- Virginia","Radicalism -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Students -- Photographs","Theater -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater programs","Playscript"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Acting","People with mental disabilities -- Services for -- United States","Performance art -- Photographs","Public schools -- Virginia","Radicalism -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Students -- Photographs","Theater -- United States -- History -- 20th century","Theater -- Washington (D.C.)","Theater programs","Playscript"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["48.0 Linear Feet 106 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["48.0 Linear Feet 106 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Playscript"],"date_range_isim":[1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions on Series 1 and 2. Please see the Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements note for access information on Series 3.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions on Series 1 and 2. Please see the Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements note for access information on Series 3."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into three series, each of which is divided into subseries.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Administrative and Financial Files, 1965-2000 (Boxes 1-56)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Artistic and Workshop Files, 1966-2001 (Boxes 57-85)\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Audiovisual and Photographic Materials, 1967-1999 (Boxes 86-106)\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into three series, each of which is divided into subseries.","Series\n      Series 1: Administrative and Financial Files, 1965-2000 (Boxes 1-56)\n      Series 2: Artistic and Workshop Files, 1966-2001 (Boxes 57-85)\n      Series 3: Audiovisual and Photographic Materials, 1967-1999 (Boxes 86-106)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Living Stage Theatre Company began in 1966 as a venture of Arena Stage and Robert Alexander. Known from 1966-1968 as The Children's Theatre, the Living Stage from the beginning dedicated itself to programming with a social consciousness and a desire to effect societal change through performance. Robert Alexander was the theatre's founder and until 1995 its director. Alexander brought an adapted street and guerilla theater style to the D.C. area after becoming disenchanted with traditional theatre's \"middle-class\" audience. The Living Stage provided training to actors in the art of improvisational theater through tuition free schooling during the summers, as well as through weekend long workshop training for social workers, teachers, and other professionals throughout their 9 month season. While most of the Stage's workshops were held on site at schools, museums, and prisons, the Living Stage did have its own formal space in Washington, D.C. on 14th and T Streets NW. The Living Stage put on productions across Northern Virginia in schools, youth homes, and even prisons like the Lorton Penitentiary. Senior members of the company, like Jennifer Nelson and Oran Sandel helped to send the Living Stage across the country as well. Their efforts were largely funded through vigorous campaigning for grants and fund raising through the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and other private foundations. The Living Stage also received substantial financial assistance from its parent company, the Washington Drama Society, Inc. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Living Stage performance style consisted of \"The Jam,\" \"The Performance,\" and \"The Workshop,\" a three part study that was used at most of their venues. The first part, or \"Jam,\" consisted of actors working with their audience to \"rap,\" make music, and \"jam\" through spoken or sung words accompanied by instrumentals typically provided by audience members. The actors then moved into the \"performance\" itself. During the performance the actors put on an improvised theater production directed by a senior member of the cast and assisted by one or two audience members. The \"Workshop\" began from there; during the workshop, the audience took over the scene, while still directed by the actors, and was encouraged to make it their own. Audiences gave their opinions and thoughts on each performance in the form of production reports that were collected by the Living Stage. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe projects that the Living Stage put on typically dealt with controversial and sensitive topics like race, economic inequality, the dangers of an overzealous American foreign policy, the atom bomb, violence, and freedom. The \"Baltimore Incident\" of 1971 is an excellent example of how controversial these productions could be. No matter how mixed opinions were, the Living Stage always elicited a reaction with their improvisational performances. During the 1980s the Living Stage began to reach out extensively to local initiatives like The District's Alcohol and Drug Abuse Services Administration and created their own Community Services Project in order to continue to bring theater and creativity to underserved sections of society. The Living Stage championed New Left ideals like equality and social justice throughout the Reagan years, despite some criticisms about their message being \"anachronistic.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe organization began to sunset in the first half of the 1990s as many of its founding and senior members took their skills elsewhere. Robert Alexander himself left in 1995 to start educating people in the art of improvisational theater full time. Jennifer Nelson, David Matthew Proctor, Ezra Knight, and others began to filter away in the 1990s to pursue their own acting goals and the Living Stage would officially close its doors in 2002.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Living Stage Theatre Company began in 1966 as a venture of Arena Stage and Robert Alexander. Known from 1966-1968 as The Children's Theatre, the Living Stage from the beginning dedicated itself to programming with a social consciousness and a desire to effect societal change through performance. Robert Alexander was the theatre's founder and until 1995 its director. Alexander brought an adapted street and guerilla theater style to the D.C. area after becoming disenchanted with traditional theatre's \"middle-class\" audience. The Living Stage provided training to actors in the art of improvisational theater through tuition free schooling during the summers, as well as through weekend long workshop training for social workers, teachers, and other professionals throughout their 9 month season. While most of the Stage's workshops were held on site at schools, museums, and prisons, the Living Stage did have its own formal space in Washington, D.C. on 14th and T Streets NW. The Living Stage put on productions across Northern Virginia in schools, youth homes, and even prisons like the Lorton Penitentiary. Senior members of the company, like Jennifer Nelson and Oran Sandel helped to send the Living Stage across the country as well. Their efforts were largely funded through vigorous campaigning for grants and fund raising through the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) and other private foundations. The Living Stage also received substantial financial assistance from its parent company, the Washington Drama Society, Inc.","The Living Stage performance style consisted of \"The Jam,\" \"The Performance,\" and \"The Workshop,\" a three part study that was used at most of their venues. The first part, or \"Jam,\" consisted of actors working with their audience to \"rap,\" make music, and \"jam\" through spoken or sung words accompanied by instrumentals typically provided by audience members. The actors then moved into the \"performance\" itself. During the performance the actors put on an improvised theater production directed by a senior member of the cast and assisted by one or two audience members. The \"Workshop\" began from there; during the workshop, the audience took over the scene, while still directed by the actors, and was encouraged to make it their own. Audiences gave their opinions and thoughts on each performance in the form of production reports that were collected by the Living Stage.","The projects that the Living Stage put on typically dealt with controversial and sensitive topics like race, economic inequality, the dangers of an overzealous American foreign policy, the atom bomb, violence, and freedom. The \"Baltimore Incident\" of 1971 is an excellent example of how controversial these productions could be. No matter how mixed opinions were, the Living Stage always elicited a reaction with their improvisational performances. During the 1980s the Living Stage began to reach out extensively to local initiatives like The District's Alcohol and Drug Abuse Services Administration and created their own Community Services Project in order to continue to bring theater and creativity to underserved sections of society. The Living Stage championed New Left ideals like equality and social justice throughout the Reagan years, despite some criticisms about their message being \"anachronistic.\"","The organization began to sunset in the first half of the 1990s as many of its founding and senior members took their skills elsewhere. Robert Alexander himself left in 1995 to start educating people in the art of improvisational theater full time. Jennifer Nelson, David Matthew Proctor, Ezra Knight, and others began to filter away in the 1990s to pursue their own acting goals and the Living Stage would officially close its doors in 2002."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch or listen to all audiovisual material in Series 3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center does not have the equipment necessary to watch or listen to all audiovisual material in Series 3. Additional time and money may be required to digitize this material for access."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eLiving Stage records, C0277, Special Collections Reserch Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Living Stage records, C0277, Special Collections Reserch Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Nick Welsh and Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. EAD markup completed by Nick Welsh in June 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in March 2025.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Nick Welsh and Elizabeth Beckman in 2016. EAD markup completed by Nick Welsh in June 2016. Finding aid updated by Amanda Menjivar in March 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Special Collections Research Center holds several collections of personal papers of individuals involved with the Living Stage Theater Company, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, and the Ken Kitch papers. It also holds the Arena Stage records.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Special Collections Research Center holds several collections of personal papers of individuals involved with the Living Stage Theater Company, including the Zelda Fichandler papers, the Thomas C. Fichandler papers, and the Ken Kitch papers. It also holds the Arena Stage records."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Living Stage records consists of material spanning the length of the organization's history from 1965, when the Living Stage was known as the Children's Theatre, to 2001. Included in the records are administrative files, financial papers, grant requests and applications, correspondence, workshop reports and scripts, as well as audiovisual and photographic materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Administrative and Financial Files (1965-2000) includes documents relating to the day to day running of the Living Stage Theatre Company as well as programming, project planning, financials, budgets, grants, press releases and printed documents. It is divided further into 4 subseries. Subseries 1.1 Policies, Planning, and Development includes the administrative files of the Living Stage including season summaries by date, long range plans, meeting minutes, and Community Service Project information. Subseries 1.2 Grants and Foundations contains all materials related to grant requests, endowments (including the National Endowment for the Arts), and donations made by both large charitable organizations and private donors. Subseries 1.3 Financials and Correspondence includes budget materials, expense reports, and benefit information, as well as correspondence between members of the LSTC, memos, and fan mail (called \"love letters\") from schools and other workshop sites. Subseries 1.4 Public Relations and Printed Pieces consist of various publications made by the Living Stage such as their newsletters and advertisements, as well as transcripts of speeches made by LSTC executives and press releases promoting the Living Stage.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Artistic and Workshop Files (1966-2001), which is split into 3 subseries, contains the creative aspects of the Living Stage, including details about residencies and the personnel of the Company, as well as workshop reports, scripts, and \"Jams.\" Subseries 2.1 Residency and Personnel Files contains all documents related to the people of the Living Stage, including casting information and details about out of state residencies (including those in Stockholm, Boston, Pittsburgh, New York and others). Subseries 2.2 Production Reports and Workshops encompasses the output of the Living Stage Theatre Company in the form of workshops, which are series of performances put on at schools, museums, and communities, and the production reports which sought to analyze audience reception of and reaction to these performances. Look to the \"Baltimore Incident\" for an excellent example of how contentious and revolutionary the Living Stage's performances were. Subseries 2.3 Production Files and Scripts, while small, contains items related to the Living Stage's \"Jams\" including scripts, research, and other assorted play files. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Audiovisual and Photographic Materials (1967-1999) includes all photos, negatives, and film of the Living Stage or their productions. It is divided into three subseries. Subseries 3.1 Photographic Materials includes various photos and negatives showing the cast of the Living Stage at various times, as well as production stills. Unfortunately, the majority of these are undated or have little in the way of description. Subseries 3.2 Audio and film reels includes tapings of various workshops and productions mostly from the 1970s and 1980s. Subseries 3.3 Audio and video tapes contains cassette, VHS, Betamax, and U-matic tapes either used by the Living Stage for performances or made by/about the Living Stage.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Living Stage records consists of material spanning the length of the organization's history from 1965, when the Living Stage was known as the Children's Theatre, to 2001. Included in the records are administrative files, financial papers, grant requests and applications, correspondence, workshop reports and scripts, as well as audiovisual and photographic materials.","Series 1: Administrative and Financial Files (1965-2000) includes documents relating to the day to day running of the Living Stage Theatre Company as well as programming, project planning, financials, budgets, grants, press releases and printed documents. It is divided further into 4 subseries. Subseries 1.1 Policies, Planning, and Development includes the administrative files of the Living Stage including season summaries by date, long range plans, meeting minutes, and Community Service Project information. Subseries 1.2 Grants and Foundations contains all materials related to grant requests, endowments (including the National Endowment for the Arts), and donations made by both large charitable organizations and private donors. Subseries 1.3 Financials and Correspondence includes budget materials, expense reports, and benefit information, as well as correspondence between members of the LSTC, memos, and fan mail (called \"love letters\") from schools and other workshop sites. Subseries 1.4 Public Relations and Printed Pieces consist of various publications made by the Living Stage such as their newsletters and advertisements, as well as transcripts of speeches made by LSTC executives and press releases promoting the Living Stage.","Series 2: Artistic and Workshop Files (1966-2001), which is split into 3 subseries, contains the creative aspects of the Living Stage, including details about residencies and the personnel of the Company, as well as workshop reports, scripts, and \"Jams.\" Subseries 2.1 Residency and Personnel Files contains all documents related to the people of the Living Stage, including casting information and details about out of state residencies (including those in Stockholm, Boston, Pittsburgh, New York and others). Subseries 2.2 Production Reports and Workshops encompasses the output of the Living Stage Theatre Company in the form of workshops, which are series of performances put on at schools, museums, and communities, and the production reports which sought to analyze audience reception of and reaction to these performances. Look to the \"Baltimore Incident\" for an excellent example of how contentious and revolutionary the Living Stage's performances were. Subseries 2.3 Production Files and Scripts, while small, contains items related to the Living Stage's \"Jams\" including scripts, research, and other assorted play files.","Series 3: Audiovisual and Photographic Materials (1967-1999) includes all photos, negatives, and film of the Living Stage or their productions. It is divided into three subseries. Subseries 3.1 Photographic Materials includes various photos and negatives showing the cast of the Living Stage at various times, as well as production stills. Unfortunately, the majority of these are undated or have little in the way of description. Subseries 3.2 Audio and film reels includes tapings of various workshops and productions mostly from the 1970s and 1980s. Subseries 3.3 Audio and video tapes contains cassette, VHS, Betamax, and U-matic tapes either used by the Living Stage for performances or made by/about the Living Stage."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref348\"\u003eThe Living Stage records documents the Living Stage Theatre Company, founded by Robert Alexander as an offshoot of Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. The records were created from 1965-2001.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Living Stage records documents the Living Stage Theatre Company, founded by Robert Alexander as an offshoot of Arena Stage in Washington, D.C. The records were created from 1965-2001."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_e176c0c8972614dd614b2ea45cfacaaf\"\u003eR 52, C 6, S 3 - R 53, C 2, S 6\n\nMap Case 8.2\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 52, C 6, S 3 - R 53, C 2, S 6\n\nMap Case 8.2"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Andrew's Society collection","title_ssm":["Saint Andrew's Society collection"],"title_tesim":["Saint Andrew's Society collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861-1995"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Saint Andrew's Society collection, 1861/1995"],"text":["Saint Andrew's Society collection, 1861/1995","C0085","/repositories/2/resources/582","Scotland","Washington (D.C.)","Account books","Newsletters","Clans -- Scotland","Photographs","Correspondence","There are no access restrictions.","Organized by record type and chronologically.","The Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C., is a charitable cultural organization for men of Scottish birth or ancestry that works to continue Scottish traditions and culture, promote social activities among its members, and to provide financial assistance to people of Scottish descent.","The Society sponsors a series of annual events that are open to the public, including the Burns Nicht 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Its members also take part in a number of affiliated events, including the National Tartan Day activities, the Virginia Scottish Games, and the Alexandria Scottish Heritage Fair.","The Saint Andrew's Society was officially founded in 1855 and incorporated in 1908. It succeeds the previous Saint Andrew's society in the Alexandria area of Virginia which had its first documented assembly in 1788.","Processing completed by Amy Blake in September 2018. EAD markup completed by Amy Blake in September 2018.","Special Collections Research Center also holds the","This collection contains books on Scotland and Scottish clans, and records of the Saint Andrew's Society. Records include newsletters, letters, photographs, pamphlets, schedules, meeting minutes, and ledgers documenting financial transactions between 1861-1956.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","This collection contains records of the Saint Andrew's Society and books on Scotland and Scottish Clans. Records include newsletters, letters and pamphlets about the ongoings of the Saint Andrew's Society along with ledgers documenting the society's financial transactions during the period of 1861-1956.","George Mason University. Libraries. 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Its members also take part in a number of affiliated events, including the National Tartan Day activities, the Virginia Scottish Games, and the Alexandria Scottish Heritage Fair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e The Saint Andrew's Society was officially founded in 1855 and incorporated in 1908. It succeeds the previous Saint Andrew's society in the Alexandria area of Virginia which had its first documented assembly in 1788.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C., is a charitable cultural organization for men of Scottish birth or ancestry that works to continue Scottish traditions and culture, promote social activities among its members, and to provide financial assistance to people of Scottish descent.","The Society sponsors a series of annual events that are open to the public, including the Burns Nicht Dinner (January), Winter Ceilidh (February), Kirkin' o' the Tartan at the National Cathedral (April), Tartan Ball (November), and the Alexandria Scottish Christmas Walk (December). Its members also take part in a number of affiliated events, including the National Tartan Day activities, the Virginia Scottish Games, and the Alexandria Scottish Heritage Fair.","The Saint Andrew's Society was officially founded in 1855 and incorporated in 1908. It succeeds the previous Saint Andrew's society in the Alexandria area of Virginia which had its first documented assembly in 1788."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSaint Andrew's Society collection, C0085, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Saint Andrew's Society collection, C0085, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed by Amy Blake in September 2018. EAD markup completed by Amy Blake in September 2018.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed by Amy Blake in September 2018. EAD markup completed by Amy Blake in September 2018."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds the \u003cextptr href=\"https://wrlc-gm.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?query=any,contains,St.%20Andrew%27s%20Society%20of%20Washington,%20D.C.%20Collection.\u0026amp;tab=Everything\u0026amp;search_scope=MyInst_and_CI\u0026amp;vid=01WRLC_GML:01WRLC_GML\u0026amp;mfacet=location_code,include,4105%E2%80%9313707590004105%E2%80%93scrc%20rare,1\u0026amp;mfacet=location_code,include,4105%E2%80%9313707590004105%E2%80%93scrc%20faca,1\u0026amp;mfacet=location_code,include,4105%E2%80%9313707590004105%E2%80%93scrc%20arc,1\u0026amp;lang=en\u0026amp;offset=0\u0026amp;conVoc=false\" title=\"Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C. rare book collection.\" show=\"new\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e  "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds the"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains books on Scotland and Scottish clans, and records of the Saint Andrew's Society. Records include newsletters, letters, photographs, pamphlets, schedules, meeting minutes, and ledgers documenting financial transactions between 1861-1956.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains books on Scotland and Scottish clans, and records of the Saint Andrew's Society. Records include newsletters, letters, photographs, pamphlets, schedules, meeting minutes, and ledgers documenting financial transactions between 1861-1956."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated. (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ref3\"\u003eThis collection contains records of the Saint Andrew's Society and books on Scotland and Scottish Clans. Records include newsletters, letters and pamphlets about the ongoings of the Saint Andrew's Society along with ledgers documenting the society's financial transactions during the period of 1861-1956.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains records of the Saint Andrew's Society and books on Scotland and Scottish Clans. Records include newsletters, letters and pamphlets about the ongoings of the Saint Andrew's Society along with ledgers documenting the society's financial transactions during the period of 1861-1956."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","St. Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C"],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","St. Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":166,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:02.579Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_582_c121"}},{"id":"vifgm_standrewssociety_c121","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Yearly Schedule, 1194/1993","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_standrewssociety_c121#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or 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       "],"_nest_path_":"/components#120","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:27.955Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_standrewssociety","ead_ssi":"vifgm_standrewssociety","_root_":"vifgm_standrewssociety","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_standrewssociety","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/standrewssociety.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finging_aids/saintandrews.html","title_ssm":["Saint Andrew's Society collection"],"title_tesim":["Saint Andrew's Society collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861-1995"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1861-1995"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1861/1995"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Saint Andrew's Society collection, 1861/1995"],"text":["Saint Andrew's Society collection, 1861/1995","C0085","Account books.","Newsletters.","Collection is open to research.","Organized by record type and chronologically.","The Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C., is a charitable cultural organization for men of Scottish birth or ancestry that works to continue Scottish traditions and culture, promote social activities among its members, and to provide financial assistance to people of Scottish descent.","The Society sponsors a series of annual events that are open to the public, including the Burns Nicht Dinner (January), Winter Ceilidh (February), Kirkin' o' the Tartan at the National Cathedral (April), Tartan Ball (November), and the Alexandria Scottish Christmas Walk (December). Its members also take part in a number of affiliated events, including the National Tartan Day activities, the Virginia Scottish Games, and the Alexandria Scottish Heritage Fair.","The Saint Andrew's Society was officially founded in 1855 and incorporated in 1908. It succeeds the previous Saint Andrew's society in the Alexandria area of Virginia which had its first documented assembly in 1788.","Processing completed \nby Amy Blake in September 2018. EAD markup completed by Amy Blake in September 2018.","Special Collections Research Center also holds the","This collection contains books on Scotland and Scottish clans, and records of the Saint Andrew's Society. Records include newsletters, letters, photographs, pamphlets, schedules, meeting minutes, and ledgers documenting financial transactions between 1861-1956.","There are no restrictions.","This collection contains records of the Saint Andrew's Society and books on Scotland and Scottish Clans. Records include newsletters, letters and pamphlets about the ongoings of the Saint Andrew's Society along with ledgers documenting the society's financial transactions during the period of 1861-1956.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C.","St. Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Saint Andrew's Society collection, 1861/1995"],"collection_ssim":["Saint Andrew's Society collection, 1861/1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0085"],"unitid_tesim":["C0085"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C."],"creator_ssim":["Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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Its members also take part in a number of affiliated events, including the National Tartan Day activities, the Virginia Scottish Games, and the Alexandria Scottish Heritage Fair.\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe Saint Andrew's Society was officially founded in 1855 and incorporated in 1908. It succeeds the previous Saint Andrew's society in the Alexandria area of Virginia which had its first documented assembly in 1788.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C., is a charitable cultural organization for men of Scottish birth or ancestry that works to continue Scottish traditions and culture, promote social activities among its members, and to provide financial assistance to people of Scottish descent.","The Society sponsors a series of annual events that are open to the public, including the Burns Nicht Dinner (January), Winter Ceilidh (February), Kirkin' o' the Tartan at the National Cathedral (April), Tartan Ball (November), and the Alexandria Scottish Christmas Walk (December). Its members also take part in a number of affiliated events, including the National Tartan Day activities, the Virginia Scottish Games, and the Alexandria Scottish Heritage Fair.","The Saint Andrew's Society was officially founded in 1855 and incorporated in 1908. It succeeds the previous Saint Andrew's society in the Alexandria area of Virginia which had its first documented assembly in 1788."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSaint Andrew's Society collection, C0085, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"prefercite_tesim":["Saint Andrew's Society collection, C0085, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing completed \nby Amy Blake in September 2018. EAD markup completed by Amy Blake in September 2018.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing completed \nby Amy Blake in September 2018. EAD markup completed by Amy Blake in September 2018."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections Research Center also holds the               \n\u003cextptr type=\"simple\" title=\"Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C. rare book collection.\" show=\"new\" href=\"http://scrc.gmu.edu/rare.php\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections Research Center also holds the"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains books on Scotland and Scottish clans, and records of the Saint Andrew's Society. Records include newsletters, letters, photographs, pamphlets, schedules, meeting minutes, and ledgers documenting financial transactions between 1861-1956.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains books on Scotland and Scottish clans, and records of the Saint Andrew's Society. Records include newsletters, letters, photographs, pamphlets, schedules, meeting minutes, and ledgers documenting financial transactions between 1861-1956."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref3\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains records of the Saint Andrew's Society and books on Scotland and Scottish Clans. Records include newsletters, letters and pamphlets about the ongoings of the Saint Andrew's Society along with ledgers documenting the society's financial transactions during the period of 1861-1956.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n      "],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains records of the Saint Andrew's Society and books on Scotland and Scottish Clans. Records include newsletters, letters and pamphlets about the ongoings of the Saint Andrew's Society along with ledgers documenting the society's financial transactions during the period of 1861-1956."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C.","St. Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","Saint Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C.","St. Andrew's Society of Washington, D.C."],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":166,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:21:27.955Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_standrewssociety_c121"}},{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c01_c1227","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Yonehara, Junshichiro, 1977/1979","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c01_c1227#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c01_c1227","ref_ssm":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c01_c1227"],"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c01_c1227","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c01","parent_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c01","parent_ssim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 2: Correspondence, 1951/2014","Subseries 1: Alphabetical correspondence, 1951/2014"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02","vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Yonehara, Junshichiro","title_ssm":["Yonehara, Junshichiro"],"title_tesim":["Yonehara, Junshichiro"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Yonehara, Junshichiro, 1977/1979"],"text":["Yonehara, Junshichiro, 1977/1979","James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 2: Correspondence, 1951/2014","Subseries 1: Alphabetical correspondence, 1951/2014","box 108","folder 9"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","Series 2: Correspondence, 1951/2014","Subseries 1: Alphabetical correspondence, 1951/2014"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["James M. 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Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"date_range_isim":[1977,1978,1979],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#0/components#1226","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:41.383Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","ead_ssi":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_root_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/GMU/repositories_2_resources_367.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"C0246","title_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"title_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["circa 1800s, 1930-2014"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1800s, 1930-2014"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1800/2014"],"normalized_title_ssm":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"text":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014","C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367","Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings","Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.","Most of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.","There are no other access restrictions.","All If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies.","The collection is arranged in nine series.","Series\n      Series 1: Biographical materials\n      Series 2: Correspondence\n      Series 3: Writings\n      Series 4: Academia\n      Series 5: Professional service\n      Series 6: Betty Tillman papers\n      Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers\n      Series 8: Writings by others\n      Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials","James McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California.","From 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published Public Principles of Public Debt. In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published The Calculus of Consent.","Buchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including Cost and Choice (1969), Academia in Anarchy with Nicos Devletoglou (1970), The Limits of Liberty (1975), and The Power to Tax with Geoffrey Brennan (1980).","In 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published The Reason of Rules (1985), Better than Plowing (1992), and Politics by Principle, Not Interest with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013.","Buchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award.","Born on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.","Jo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing The Collected Works of James Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020.","This collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.","Initial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.","Materials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Rebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series.","The prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials.","Processors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.","Thayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing.","The James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.","Series 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.","Series 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.","Series 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.","Series 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.","Series 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor.","Series 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization.","Series 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas.","Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events.","The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)","The James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy.","R 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society","Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H.","The bulk of the materials are in English. Additional languages in the collection include German, Italian, French, Spanish, Norwegian, Dutch, Turkish, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese."],"collection_title_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"collection_ssim":["James M. Buchanan papers, 1800/2014"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367"],"unitid_tesim":["C0246","/repositories/2/resources/367"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"creators_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Acquired by George Mason University Special Collections Research Center in September 2016. Additional materials acquired in April 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Economics","Economists -- United States","Nobel Prize winners","Social choice","Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["270 Linear Feet 546 boxes, one map case"],"extent_tesim":["270 Linear Feet 546 boxes, one map case"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Manuscripts","Typescripts","Video recordings"],"date_range_isim":[1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nCertain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMost of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are no other access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAll If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies.\u003c/p\u003e\n  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Certain materials in the collection are restricted due to FERPA requirements and personally identifiable information. Letters of recommendation are restricted for 40 years from creation. Please see inventory for details.","Most of the materials in Series 9 were digitized. Please reach out to SCRC to access these materials.","There are no other access restrictions.","All If your request requires more research support, we recommend hiring someone to assist you on-site. Remote digitization requests will be evaluated based on the material content and our ability to provide copies."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in nine series.\u003c/p\u003e    ","\u003clist type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSeries\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Biographical materials\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 4: Academia\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 5: Professional service\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 6: Betty Tillman papers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 8: Writings by others\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e\n  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in nine series.","Series\n      Series 1: Biographical materials\n      Series 2: Correspondence\n      Series 3: Writings\n      Series 4: Academia\n      Series 5: Professional service\n      Series 6: Betty Tillman papers\n      Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers\n      Series 8: Writings by others\n      Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published \u003ctitle\u003ePublic Principles of Public Debt\u003c/title\u003e. In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Calculus of Consent\u003c/title\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBuchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including \u003ctitle\u003eCost and Choice\u003c/title\u003e (1969), \u003ctitle\u003eAcademia in Anarchy\u003c/title\u003e with Nicos Devletoglou (1970), \u003ctitle\u003eThe Limits of Liberty\u003c/title\u003e (1975), and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Power to Tax\u003c/title\u003e with Geoffrey Brennan (1980). \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published \u003ctitle\u003eThe Reason of Rules\u003c/title\u003e (1985), \u003ctitle\u003eBetter than Plowing\u003c/title\u003e (1992), and \u003ctitle\u003ePolitics by Principle, Not Interest\u003c/title\u003e with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBuchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBorn on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.  \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing \u003ctitle\u003eThe Collected Works of James Buchanan\u003c/title\u003e and \u003ctitle\u003eThe Selected Works of Gordon Tullock\u003c/title\u003e for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical and Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["James McGill Buchanan, Jr. was born on October 3, 1919 in Gum, Tennessee to Lila Scott (1889-1953) and James McGill Buchanan, Sr. (1888-1979). He had two younger sisters, Lila Scott Buchanan Graue (1922-2020) and Elizabeth Bradley. His paternal grandfather, John P. Buchanan (1847-1930), was a one-term governor of Tennessee from 1891 to 1893. James M. Buchanan attended Buchanan High School. He triple-majored in English, mathematics, and economics at Middle Tennessee State University from 1936 to 1940. He received a Master's of the Arts in economics from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville in 1941. Buchanan then attended the Naval War College and served on the operations staff of Admiral Chester W. Nimitz from 1941 to 1945. In that role, he was stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, and Guam. He met his wife, Ann Bakke (August 21, 1909-November 14, 2005) in 1943. She was born in Jamestown, North Dakota. She served with the Army Air Transport Command at Hickham Field, Oahu. In 1945 the couple married in San Francisco, California.","From 1946 to 1948 Buchanan attended the University of Chicago, where he graduated with a Ph.D. in economics. After graduation, he taught at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as an associate professor from 1948 to 1951, and then as a full professor at Florida State University, Tallahassee from 1951 to 1956. In 1955 he was awarded a Fulbright fellowship to study in Italy for a year. In 1956 he was hired at the University of Virginia as the chair of the economics department. It was there that he co-founded the Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy in 1958. That same year, he published Public Principles of Public Debt. In 1962, Buchanan and co-author Gordon Tullock published The Calculus of Consent.","Buchanan worked at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) for one academic year (1968-1969) as a professor of economics. In 1969 he was hired at Virginia Polytechnic Institute (VPI, now known as Virginia Tech), as a University Distinguished Professor. He became general director of the Center for Study of Public Choice, the successor institution to the Thomas Jefferson Center for Political Economy. Buchanan continued to publish books during his time at VPI, including Cost and Choice (1969), Academia in Anarchy with Nicos Devletoglou (1970), The Limits of Liberty (1975), and The Power to Tax with Geoffrey Brennan (1980).","In 1983, Buchanan and the Center for the Study of Public Choice moved from VPI to George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. After the move, he split his time between Fairfax and his farm in Blacksburg, Virginia. In 1986, Buchanan was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in economics. While at Mason, he published The Reason of Rules (1985), Better than Plowing (1992), and Politics by Principle, Not Interest with Roger Congleton (1998). He formally retired from Mason in September 1999 but continued to work both at Mason and Virginia Tech until his death on January 9, 2013.","Buchanan was known for his contribution to the field of public choice, which uses economic principles to analyze the rules and actions of government and public sector. It was this theory which led to his Nobel award.","Born on March 19, 1927, Betty Jane Hall Tillman (also known as Betty Ross from 1977 to 1984) received an associate's degree from The Jefferson School of Commerce at Charlottesville, Virginia in 1945. She worked for Buchanan at the University of Virginia from August 14, 1961 to August 1969, at VPI from September 1, 1969 to June 1983, and at George Mason University from July 1, 1983 until her retirement in April 2007. Tillman had multiple responsibilities including handling Buchanan's correspondence, scheduling his events, coordinating Liberty Fund conferences, organizing activities at the Center for Study of Public Choice, and assisting graduate students and faculty associated with the Center. At the time of her retirement her position was administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. She had three children. Tillman died on October 2, 2013.","Jo Ann Burgess was born on June 27, 1948. She began work at the Center for the Study of Public Choice at George Mason University in 1989. Previously, Burgess lived around the world working for the State Department and the U.S military. She had four children with her husband, Roger. Burgess had many varied responsibilities at the Center including organizing Buchanan's archival papers, and administrative duties for the Public Choice Society. She edited Buchanan's published work in the 1990s and 2000s, including editing The Collected Works of James Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock for the Liberty Fund. After Tillman's retirement, Burgess took on additional responsibilities related to handling Buchanan's correspondence and scheduling, and additional administrative duties at the Center. Burgess retired in the summer of 2014. She died on March 19, 2020."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJames M. Buchanan papers, C0246, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["James M. Buchanan papers, C0246, Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInitial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eProcessors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This collection was processed by Rebecca Thayer as part of a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) grant project from March 2021 to March 2023.","Initial processing of the collection was begun after James M. Buchanan's death in 2013, while the papers were at Buchanan House (also known as Roberts House), where the offices of Buchanan, Betty Tillman, Jo Ann Burgess, and the Center for Study of Public Choice were then located. Processing at this time was done by Greta Suiter, then-Processing Coordinator at the Special Collections Research Center (SCRC), and Solomon Stein, then-economics PhD student at Mason. Stein and Suiter established an initial arrangement scheme and began foldering and sorting materials accordingly. Elizabeth Beckman, then-Processing Coordinator, continued arrangement and refoldering work alongside Stein at Buchanan House from 2014 to 2016. 145 linear feet of materials were ultimately arranged during this time. The following series were created: Correspondence, Academic (Subseries: Courses taken and Courses taught), Conferences (Subseries: Conferences attended and Conferences held), Writings, Articles Read, and Administrative.","Materials were boxed up and brought to Fenwick in Spring 2017. Beckman completed EAD markup of a preliminary finding aid with the processed materials in June 2017. Processing was paused in 2017 to apply for a NEH grant to hire a dedicated processing archivist. The grant was approved to start in 2020 but was delayed for several months due to the COVID-19 pandemic.","Rebecca Thayer was hired in March 2021 to process the collection. She surveyed the arranged part of the collection (145 linear feet) and the unprocessed part (147 linear feet) to create a processing plan. This plan included adjustments to the original arrangement scheme based on material in the unprocessed section of the papers. A large number of the eventual Jo Ann Burgess papers series materials were in the unprocessed section of the collection, although the unprocessed section did contain materials from all series.","The prior arrangement scheme did not preserve Tillman and Burgess' files as discrete series, so it is likely that some materials created by Tillman or Burgess were dispersed into the various other series. Some materials in the correspondence series especially which were obviously correspondence involving only Tillman, Burgess, or Ann Bakke Buchanan, were removed to their respective series and subseries. However, Thayer did not attempt a systematic review of materials in other series such as Professional Services and Academia in order to separate out Tillman and Burgess-created files from Buchanan-created files. This has resulted in some significant overlap between those series and the Betty Tillman papers and Jo Ann Burgess papers series. This does reflect the significant overlap in work responsibilities of Tillman, Burgess, Buchanan, and the Center as seen in the materials.","Processors prior to the NEH grant appear to have filed out materials that were originally grouped in large miscellaneous folders. Buchanan, Tillman, and Burgess do not seem to have created many files with only one or two emails or letters, preferring larger bulk folders. However, in the collection there are now many individual folders with correspondents that seem to have been created from larger files. No additional filing out of material was done under the NEH grant.","Thayer arranged the unprocessed materials and reprocessed the previously arranged materials, combining the two. Mason Graduate Research Assistant Rachel Barton and undergraduate assistants Colin McDonald and Vilma Chicas Garcia assisted with arrangement, reboxing, and inventory creation. Amanda Menjivar, Manuscripts and Archives Librarian, assisted with finding aid data entry and publishing."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing \u003citalic\u003eThe Collected Works of James M. Buchanan\u003c/italic\u003e and \u003citalic\u003eThe Selected Works of Gordon Tullock\u003c/italic\u003e on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The James M. Buchanan papers largely consist of correspondence, writings, and administrative files created between the years 1930-2014. The collection contains 9 series.","Series 1: Biographical materials (circa 1800s, 1944-2012) contains information about James M. Buchanan's life and career. It is further divided into four subseries. Subseries 1.1: Ann Bakke Buchanan papers contains materials created by Ann Bakke Buchanan, James M. Buchanan's wife. Materials include correspondence, recipe cards, notebooks, calendars, and photographs. Some of the correspondence is in Norwegian, and some addressed to both James and Ann as a couple. Subseries 1.2: Awards contains newspapers clippings, congratulatory letters, photographs, and memorabilia relating to awards Buchanan received during his career. The majority of the materials relate to the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics. Subseries 1.3: Education contains study notes, essays, syllabi, and research notes from Buchanan's education, mostly from his PhD study at the University of Chicago. Subseries 1.4: Clippings contains newspaper and magazine clippings about Buchanan, including articles about his work, interviews, and reports on events he attended.","Series 2: Correspondence (1951-2014) contains letters, emails, memoranda, cards, and other forms of written communication, mostly dealing with Buchanan's professional career. Subseries 2.1: Alphabetical correspondence contains the bulk of the correspondence, filed alphabetically by correspondent, subject, or name of an organization. Subseries 2.2: Chronological correspondence is a small amount of unrelated correspondence that was grouped together in date ranges, likely by either Buchanan himself, or his assistants Betty Tillman and Jo Ann Burgess.","Series 3: Writings (1946-2012) contains drafts, typescripts, photocopies, notes, and reprints of Buchanan's books, articles, speaking lectures, and unpublished material. There are also research files relating to some of his writing projects, and some correspondence with publishers, coauthors, and reviewers.","Series 4: Academia (1946-2013) contains correspondence, reports, planning documents, and grant files relating to Buchanan's work at various universities, primarily University of Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute (now Virginia Tech), and George Mason University. Subseries 4.1: Administration contains reports, memoranda, correspondence, photographs, calendars, and planning documents relating to department and university business. Subseries 4.2: Teaching contains lecture notes, drafts, syllabi, exams, and readings relating to classes taught by Buchanan over the course of his career. Subseries 4.3: Grants contains correspondence and applications for grant projects undertaken by Buchanan and collaborators. Subseries 4.4: Thomas Jefferson Center for Studies in Political Economy contains annual reports, photographs, and correspondence from the University of Virginia's Thomas Jefferson Center, which was active from 1958 to 1968. Subseries 4.5: Center for Study of Public Choice contains annual reports, conference information, grants, planning documents, board meeting minutes, and correspondence relating to the Center, an academic unit at Virginia Polytechnic Institute from 1968 to 1983 and at George Mason University from 1983 onwards.","Series 5: Professional Service (1958-2013) This series contains materials relating to Buchanan's professional activities outside of his university responsibilities. Subseries 5.1: Conferences and events contains correspondence, schedules, planning documents, papers and lecture notes, and travel documents from conferences, speaking engagements, and other events attended by Buchanan during his career. Subseries 5.2: Consulting and organizations contains annual reports and correspondence relating to Buchanan's work with various organizations outside of his work as a university professor.","Series 6: Betty Tillman papers (1968-2008) contains files created by Betty Tillman, administrative assistant to Buchanan and administrative director of the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 6.1: Correspondence contains letters, emails, memoranda, and cards sent and received by Tillman. Subseries 6.2: Office administration contains planning documents, organizational files, and other materials relating to Tillman's handling of Buchanan's and Center for the Study of Public Choice office functions. Subseries 6.3: Conferences, events and travel contains correspondence, calendars, schedules, and travel documents relating to events attended by Buchanan, coordinated by Tillman. It also contains materials created by Tillman as the conference coordinator for the Liberty Fund and Center conferences and events.","Series 7: Jo Ann Burgess papers (1972-2014) contains files created by Jo Ann Burgess, administrative assistant and editor to Buchanan and secretary for the Public Choice Society. Subseries 7.1: Correspondence contains emails, letters, cards, notes, and memoranda, both personal and relating to Burgess' work with Buchanan and the Center for Study of Public Choice. Subseries 7.2: Office administration contains correspondence, calendars, notes, program files, and edited drafts created as part of Burgess' duties working for the Center for Study of Public Choice and as an assistant to Buchanan. Subseries 7.3: Liberty Fund editorial work contains planning documents, correspondence, and drafts created as part of Burgess' work editing The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan and The Selected Works of Gordon Tullock on behalf of the Liberty Fund. Subseries 7.4: Public Choice Society contains correspondence, conference planning documents, and administrative files created as part of Burgess' work as the secretary of the Public Choice Society, a professional organization.","Series 8: Writings by others (1930-2014) contains articles, book drafts, and other writings by authors other than Buchanan. Some materials have notes and annotations. Some writings are about Buchanan and his ideas.","Series 9: Audiovisual and born-digital materials (circa 1970s-2013) contains audiocassettes, videotapes, CDs, DVDs, floppy disks, and associated paper materials. Topics include recordings of the Nobel ceremony and press coverage; interviews and lectures by Buchanan and others and Center for Study of Public Choice events."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright and related rights status of this collection have not been evaluated (See http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/CNE/1.0/)"],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_0bc2473150c319436276a1da8ef369a9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy.\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The James M. Buchanan papers consist of materials created primarily by economist James M. Buchanan (1919-2013) from the years 1936-2014. There are also materials created by the Center for Study of Public Choice, an academic unit associated with Virginia Tech (1969-1983) and George Mason University (1983-). The papers document Buchanan's career and academic output, primarily in the field of public choice economics and political economy."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_b0c53c39bdb12bf69a095c3db88292a9\"\u003e\nR 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1\u003c/physloc\u003e\n    "],"physloc_tesim":["R 101 - 102\n\nOS R 1, C 3, S 3-5\nMap Case 24.1"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"names_coll_ssim":["George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society"],"persname_ssim":["Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections Research Center","George Mason University. Center for Study of Public Choice","Public Choice Society","Buchanan, Ann Bakke","Buchanan, James M.","Burgess, Jo Ann S.","Tillman, Betty H."],"language_ssim":["The bulk of the materials are in English. Additional languages in the collection include German, Italian, French, Spanish, Norwegian, Dutch, Turkish, Japanese, Korean, and Chinese."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8943,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:41.383Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_repositories_2_resources_367_c02_c01_c1227"}},{"id":"vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c709","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Young, Andrew, 1976/1981","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c709#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCongressional Records, Diplomat, United Nations \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c709#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c709","ref_ssm":["vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c709"],"id":"vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c709","ead_ssi":"vifgm_mcnamara","_root_":"vifgm_mcnamara","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_mcnamara_c02","parent_ssi":"vifgm_mcnamara_c02","parent_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vifgm_mcnamara","vifgm_mcnamara_c02"],"title_filing_ssi":"Young, Andrew,","title_ssm":["Young, Andrew"],"title_tesim":["Young, Andrew"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Young, Andrew, 1976/1981"],"text":["Young, Andrew, 1976/1981","Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997","Folder 7","Box 214","Congressional Records, Diplomat, United Nations"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","Series 2: National Security, 1976/1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1976/1981"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1976-1981"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":2329,"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"collection_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"containers_ssim":["Folder 7","Box 214"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"date_range_isim":[1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCongressional Records, Diplomat, United Nations\n\t\u003c/p\u003e\n          "],"scopecontent_tesim":["Congressional Records, Diplomat, United Nations"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#708","timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:03.374Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_mcnamara","ead_ssi":"vifgm_mcnamara","_root_":"vifgm_mcnamara","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_mcnamara","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/mcnamara.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/mcnamara.html","title_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara papers"],"title_tesim":["Francis J. McNamara papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-1997"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1997"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1928/1997"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"text":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997","C0024","Communism--United States--History--20th century.","Cold War--Social aspects--United States.","Espionage, American--Communist countries--History--20th century.","Hollywood (Los Angeles, Calif.)--Politics and government.","Subversive activities--United States--History--20th century.","Radicalism--United States--History--20th century.","Organized into three series.","Series 1: Anti-Communism and Subversive Activities, 1928-1975 (Boxes 1-154)\n\n        Series 2: National Security, 1976-1997 (Boxes 155-214)\n\n        Series 3: Regalia, 1950s (Box 215)","Francis John McNamara was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1915. After earning degrees at St. John's University in 1938 and Niagara University in 1939 (both in English), he joined the U.S. Army during World War II. He served in Asia in the China-Burma theater of operations as an intelligence officer and attained the rank of Major. After the war, married his wife of fifty-five years, Katherine Foley, and joined the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) assisting in the Jehol and Hupeh provinces of China.","When he returned to the United States in 1948, he went to work as a researcher for American Business Consultants, Inc., in New York City, a security firm and publisher of the anticommunist newsletter Counterattack. In January of 1950 he became editor of Counterattack where he remained until May of 1954. He then moved to Washington, D.C., to head the National Security Program of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW). In 1958 he left the VFW to serve as a research analyst and consultant to the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC). In 1961 he became director of research at HUAC, and in 1962, its staff director. In 1970 he went to work for the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB), where he served as executive secretary. In 1981 he became executive director of the Nathan Hale Foundation. He served as vice-chairman of the Security and Intelligence Foundation from 1987-90 and was a senior fellow at the Center for Intelligence Studies in Arlington, Virginia. McNamara died on February 27, 2007 at the age of 91.","The Francis J. McNamara Papers represent his lifelong career and study in the field of anticommunism and national security. Materials which comprise this collection track both his employment and interests during the period 1947-1997, including his work at American Business Consultants (1948-1954), the VFW (1954-1958), HUAC(1958-1969), SACB (1970-1973), and later consulting and editing work.","Types of materials include magazine and news clippings regarding subjects of interest to McNamara; final versions of U.S. government reports pertaining to investigations of individuals and/or organizations suspected of subversive activity; manuscript notes; correspondence both to and from McNamara; and pamphlets, journals and newsletters from both the left and right sides of the political spectrum covering the period 1928 through 1997.","Main subject areas include but are not limited to: domestic and foreign communism; the Cold War (i.e. the Soviet Bloc, China, Korea, Vietnam, and Latin America); espionage and intelligence; political and cultural figures; entertainment and news media; the antiwar movement; assassinations; and domestic groups (i.e. the Black Panthers, KKK, SNCC, and the Weather Underground).","The first series covers the first half of Francis McNamara's career, with collected material roughly covering the years 1928-1975. This series contains material from McNamara's career with the House Un-American Activities Committee in Congress and later with the Subversive Activities Control Board. The second series covers the second half of Francis McNamara's career, corresponding roughly with the dates 1976-1997. This series contains material from McNamara's career  at the Hale Foundation and later work. The third series, consisting of one box, contains regalia and various artifacts such as stamps, notecards, and notebooks used by McNamara.","The Francis J. McNamara papers contains materials collected by Francis J. McNamara dating from 1928 to 1997 pertaining to American politics and culture during this period. The main concentration in this collection deals with national security with respect to the influence of Communism, the Civil Rights Movement, and the counterculture. It is comprised of newspaper and magazine articles, letters, memoranda and other personal documents, U.S. government documents, pamphlets, and other printed materials.","George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","American Civil Liberties Union.","Hale Foundation.","United States. Central Intelligence Agency.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board.","Francis J. McNamara","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957.","McNamara, Francis J.","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963.","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"collection_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara papers, 1928/1997"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0024"],"unitid_tesim":["C0024"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Francis J. McNamara"],"creator_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957.","McNamara, Francis J.","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963."],"creator_corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","American Civil Liberties Union.","Hale Foundation.","United States. Central Intelligence Agency.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board."],"creators_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957.","McNamara, Francis J.","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963.","George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","American Civil Liberties Union.","Hale Foundation.","United States. Central Intelligence Agency.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by Francis J. McNamara in four deposits during the period 1995 to 1998."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Communism--United States--History--20th century.","Cold War--Social aspects--United States.","Espionage, American--Communist countries--History--20th century.","Hollywood (Los Angeles, Calif.)--Politics and government.","Subversive activities--United States--History--20th century.","Radicalism--United States--History--20th century."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Communism--United States--History--20th century.","Cold War--Social aspects--United States.","Espionage, American--Communist countries--History--20th century.","Hollywood (Los Angeles, Calif.)--Politics and government.","Subversive activities--United States--History--20th century.","Radicalism--United States--History--20th century."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["109.5 linear feet (215 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["109.5 linear feet (215 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOrganized into three series.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003clist\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 1: Anti-Communism and Subversive Activities, 1928-1975 (Boxes 1-154)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 2: National Security, 1976-1997 (Boxes 155-214)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n        \u003citem\u003eSeries 3: Regalia, 1950s (Box 215)\n\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003c/list\u003e\n    "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Organized into three series.","Series 1: Anti-Communism and Subversive Activities, 1928-1975 (Boxes 1-154)\n\n        Series 2: National Security, 1976-1997 (Boxes 155-214)\n\n        Series 3: Regalia, 1950s (Box 215)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrancis John McNamara was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1915. After earning degrees at St. John's University in 1938 and Niagara University in 1939 (both in English), he joined the U.S. Army during World War II. He served in Asia in the China-Burma theater of operations as an intelligence officer and attained the rank of Major. After the war, married his wife of fifty-five years, Katherine Foley, and joined the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) assisting in the Jehol and Hupeh provinces of China.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eWhen he returned to the United States in 1948, he went to work as a researcher for American Business Consultants, Inc., in New York City, a security firm and publisher of the anticommunist newsletter Counterattack. In January of 1950 he became editor of Counterattack where he remained until May of 1954. He then moved to Washington, D.C., to head the National Security Program of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW). In 1958 he left the VFW to serve as a research analyst and consultant to the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC). In 1961 he became director of research at HUAC, and in 1962, its staff director. In 1970 he went to work for the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB), where he served as executive secretary. In 1981 he became executive director of the Nathan Hale Foundation. He served as vice-chairman of the Security and Intelligence Foundation from 1987-90 and was a senior fellow at the Center for Intelligence Studies in Arlington, Virginia. McNamara died on February 27, 2007 at the age of 91.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Francis John McNamara was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1915. After earning degrees at St. John's University in 1938 and Niagara University in 1939 (both in English), he joined the U.S. Army during World War II. He served in Asia in the China-Burma theater of operations as an intelligence officer and attained the rank of Major. After the war, married his wife of fifty-five years, Katherine Foley, and joined the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) assisting in the Jehol and Hupeh provinces of China.","When he returned to the United States in 1948, he went to work as a researcher for American Business Consultants, Inc., in New York City, a security firm and publisher of the anticommunist newsletter Counterattack. In January of 1950 he became editor of Counterattack where he remained until May of 1954. He then moved to Washington, D.C., to head the National Security Program of the Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW). In 1958 he left the VFW to serve as a research analyst and consultant to the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC). In 1961 he became director of research at HUAC, and in 1962, its staff director. In 1970 he went to work for the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB), where he served as executive secretary. In 1981 he became executive director of the Nathan Hale Foundation. He served as vice-chairman of the Security and Intelligence Foundation from 1987-90 and was a senior fellow at the Center for Intelligence Studies in Arlington, Virginia. McNamara died on February 27, 2007 at the age of 91."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Francis J. McNamara Papers represent his lifelong career and study in the field of anticommunism and national security. Materials which comprise this collection track both his employment and interests during the period 1947-1997, including his work at American Business Consultants (1948-1954), the VFW (1954-1958), HUAC(1958-1969), SACB (1970-1973), and later consulting and editing work. \n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eTypes of materials include magazine and news clippings regarding subjects of interest to McNamara; final versions of U.S. government reports pertaining to investigations of individuals and/or organizations suspected of subversive activity; manuscript notes; correspondence both to and from McNamara; and pamphlets, journals and newsletters from both the left and right sides of the political spectrum covering the period 1928 through 1997.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eMain subject areas include but are not limited to: domestic and foreign communism; the Cold War (i.e. the Soviet Bloc, China, Korea, Vietnam, and Latin America); espionage and intelligence; political and cultural figures; entertainment and news media; the antiwar movement; assassinations; and domestic groups (i.e. the Black Panthers, KKK, SNCC, and the Weather Underground).\n\u003c/p\u003e\n      ","\u003cp\u003eThe first series covers the first half of Francis McNamara's career, with collected material roughly covering the years 1928-1975. This series contains material from McNamara's career with the House Un-American Activities Committee in Congress and later with the Subversive Activities Control Board. The second series covers the second half of Francis McNamara's career, corresponding roughly with the dates 1976-1997. This series contains material from McNamara's career  at the Hale Foundation and later work. The third series, consisting of one box, contains regalia and various artifacts such as stamps, notecards, and notebooks used by McNamara.\n\u003c/p\u003e\n    "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Francis J. McNamara Papers represent his lifelong career and study in the field of anticommunism and national security. Materials which comprise this collection track both his employment and interests during the period 1947-1997, including his work at American Business Consultants (1948-1954), the VFW (1954-1958), HUAC(1958-1969), SACB (1970-1973), and later consulting and editing work.","Types of materials include magazine and news clippings regarding subjects of interest to McNamara; final versions of U.S. government reports pertaining to investigations of individuals and/or organizations suspected of subversive activity; manuscript notes; correspondence both to and from McNamara; and pamphlets, journals and newsletters from both the left and right sides of the political spectrum covering the period 1928 through 1997.","Main subject areas include but are not limited to: domestic and foreign communism; the Cold War (i.e. the Soviet Bloc, China, Korea, Vietnam, and Latin America); espionage and intelligence; political and cultural figures; entertainment and news media; the antiwar movement; assassinations; and domestic groups (i.e. the Black Panthers, KKK, SNCC, and the Weather Underground).","The first series covers the first half of Francis McNamara's career, with collected material roughly covering the years 1928-1975. This series contains material from McNamara's career with the House Un-American Activities Committee in Congress and later with the Subversive Activities Control Board. The second series covers the second half of Francis McNamara's career, corresponding roughly with the dates 1976-1997. This series contains material from McNamara's career  at the Hale Foundation and later work. The third series, consisting of one box, contains regalia and various artifacts such as stamps, notecards, and notebooks used by McNamara."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Francis J. McNamara papers contains materials collected by Francis J. McNamara dating from 1928 to 1997 pertaining to American politics and culture during this period. The main concentration in this collection deals with national security with respect to the influence of Communism, the Civil Rights Movement, and the counterculture. It is comprised of newspaper and magazine articles, letters, memoranda and other personal documents, U.S. government documents, pamphlets, and other printed materials. \n\u003c/abstract\u003e\n    "],"abstract_tesim":["The Francis J. McNamara papers contains materials collected by Francis J. McNamara dating from 1928 to 1997 pertaining to American politics and culture during this period. The main concentration in this collection deals with national security with respect to the influence of Communism, the Civil Rights Movement, and the counterculture. It is comprised of newspaper and magazine articles, letters, memoranda and other personal documents, U.S. government documents, pamphlets, and other printed materials."],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","American Civil Liberties Union.","Hale Foundation.","United States. Central Intelligence Agency.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board."],"persname_ssim":["Francis J. McNamara","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957.","McNamara, Francis J.","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Special Collections and Archives.","American Civil Liberties Union.","Hale Foundation.","United States. Central Intelligence Agency.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Internal Security.","United States. Congress. House. Committee on Un-American Activities.","United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation.","United States. Subversive Activities Control Board.","Francis J. McNamara","McCarthy, Joseph, 1908-1957.","McNamara, Francis J.","Walter, Francis E. (Francis Eugene), 1894-1963."],"language_ssim":["English"],"total_component_count_is":2341,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-07-23T21:20:03.374Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mcnamara_c02_c709"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"George Mason University","value":"George Mason University","hits":10930},"links":{"remove":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1978\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1978\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=George+Mason+University"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"\"Washington, D.C. 50 Mile Radius Map\", 1978","value":"\"Washington, D.C. 50 Mile Radius 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