{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1965\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=14","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1965\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=13","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1965\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=15","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1965\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Commonwealth+University%2C+Cabell+Library\u0026page=174"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":14,"next_page":15,"prev_page":13,"total_pages":174,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":130,"total_count":1739,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c15","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Awards, 1960/1980","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c15#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c15","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c15"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c15","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","parent_ssim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_586"],"title_filing_ssi":"Awards","title_ssm":["Awards"],"title_tesim":["Awards"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Awards, 1960/1980"],"text":["Awards, 1960/1980","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999","box 1","folder 15"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1960/1980"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1960-1980"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[1],"sort_isi":15,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 15"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"_nest_path_":"/components#14","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:07:16.781Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_586","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_586.xml","title_ssm":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records"],"title_tesim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1936-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1936-1999"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1936/1999"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"text":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999","M 321","/repositories/5/resources/586","Virginia -- Richmond","Social service -- Virginia -- Richmond -- History","Interdenominational cooperation","Religious institutions","Social service -- Virginia","Voluntarism","Collection is open to research.","The Interfaith Council of Richmond records are arranged chronologically, largely following their original order. Prior to 1960, correspondence, minutes, etc. were generally organized by year, with some exceptions. Folders in box 1 that begin with a president's name have been slightly reorganized to follow the format of presidential terms (which started in May) instead of calendar years. Otherwise, original groupings and arrangement have been preserved. Post-1960, the collection was predominately organized chronologically in albums of each president's term, with some binders of meeting minutes and other administrative documents spanning multiple terms. Collection materials have been removed from binders and albums and added to folders, but the groupings have been preserved.","The Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) is an organization of 19 different religious denominations in the city of Richmond, Virginia and surrounding counties. The 98 member congregations within these faith groups bring together diverse doctrinal, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds.","Prior to 1900, it was common for volunteers from various religious groups to assume some responsibility for public welfare in their communities. However, with the development of the profession of Social Work in the 1920s, many city governments began to employ public welfare workers. The need for communication among the public and private organizations, professionals, and volunteers in Richmond, VA led to the formation of the Richmond Council of Social Agencies in the early 1920s, and subsequently the Richmond Community Fund in 1924. Dr. Arthur Guild was the Executive Director of both groups.","There was confusion between the new social work professionals and volunteers from churches engaged in public welfare work around the new division of responsibilities. The Council of Social Agencies along with the Richmond Ministerial Union saw the need for understanding and cooperation between religious communities and the social agencies. To address this need, the Rev. Dr. James C. Faw, a member of the Board of Directors for both agencies, turned to the women of the churches and synagogues who were already organized within their organizations. The recommendation passed and a subcommittee of the Council was established. Dr. Faw and Mr. Guild assisted women from three faiths - Protestant, Catholic and Jewish - to organize the Council of Church Women in 1929 as a Sub-Council of the Council of Society Agencies. This Council of Church Women was the first name of the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. Mrs. McClean Whittet became the first Chair.","In 1940, the name of the Council of Church Women was changed to The Interfaith Council of the Richmond Area Church Women to avoid confusion with The Women's Council of Churches, an existing Protestant group.","In 1979, The Interfaith Council of Richmond Area Church Women shortened its name to The Interfaith Council in order to reflect more clearly the diversity of religious traditions it represented. The Baha'i Faith was the first expansion faith to join ICGR in the 1970s. In the same year, the Interfaith Council accepted an invitation to affiliate with the National Conference of Christians and Jews (NCCJ). In 1991-92, the Council added the Virginia Council of Churches (VCC) and the Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy to its circle of affiliations.","In 1986, the Interfaith Council changed its name to the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) to expand its membership to the entire area. In 1991-92, representatives from Muslim, Sikh, Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, and American Baptist groups were welcomed into membership. Previously, the group almsot exclusively represented Christian and Jewish religious denominations.","In 1983-84, a member of the Greek Orthodox Church and in 1991-92, a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints were elected President. The Board voted in January 1992 to incorporate all member religious organizations into the rotation for presidential election.","Past Presidents of ICGR\nnote: pre-1990, the vast majority of the ICGR presidents were identified by their husband's name in official documentation. Women's full names have been included where we were able to find them.","1929-30 Mrs. McLean Whittet, Presbyterian\n1930-32 Mrs. Franklin Johnson, Baptist\n1932-34\tMrs. James A. Richardson, Methodist\n1934-36\tMrs. Raphael Levy, Jewish\n1936-38\tMrs. J. McC. C. Greathead, Episcopal\n1938-40\tMrs. Carroll C. Roberts, Christian\n1940-42\tHenrietta Knightly, Catholic\n1942-44\tMrs. T. W. Smith, Baptist\n1944-45\tMrs. James E. Gardner, Lutheran\n1945-46\tMrs. John 0. MacKinnon, Unitarian\n1946-47\tArleene (sometimes spelled Arleen) G. Fairly, Presbyterian\n1947-48\tMrs. Henry Fine, Jewish\n1948-49\tMrs. Dalton Flanagan, Methodist\n1949-50\tMrs. Cyrus M. Bache, Episcopal\n1950-51\tMrs. Bernard W. Glass, Christian\n1951-52\tMrs. W. J. Burlee, Sr., Catholic\n1952-53\tMrs. E. Harold Thompson, Baptist\n1953-54\tMrs. B. V. VanHorn, Presbyterian\n1954-55\tMrs. Lewis Markel, Sr., Jewish\n1955-56\tMrs. C. W. Hinchman, Methodist\n1956-57\tMrs. Frank O. Higgins, Episcopal\n1957-58\tMrs. Alton C. Griffin, Christian\n1958-59\tMrs. Herman F. Gallasch, Lutheran\n1959-60\tKathryne Crowe, Catholic\n1960 Mrs. E.F. MacDonald (resigned), Unknown\n1960-61\tJosephine Baskerville (completed MacDonald's term before starting her own), Baptist\n1961-62\tLucy Blanton, Presbyterian\n1962-63\tBertha Meyer, Jewish\n1963-64\tMartha Carson, Methodist\n1964-65\tPolly Parker, Episcopal\n1965-66\tJune H. Jarman, Christian\n1966-67\tDorothy Gundlach, Catholic\n1967-68\tGeorgia Dieker, Baptist\n1968-69\tInez Hartley, Presbyterian\n1969-70\tMrs. Bert Mann, Jewish\n1970-71\tDorothy Turner, Methodist\n1971-72\tAnne McKenney, Episcopal\n1972-73\tHelen Pohling, Lutheran\n1973-74\tMrs. Edmund G. Schmitz, Catholic\n1974-75\tMrs. William P. Anderson, Presbyterian\n1975-76\tBertha Laster, Jewish\n1976-77\tPhyllis  Clifford, Baptist\n1977-78\tSophia U. Hodges, Methodist\n1978-79\tMrs. Edward L. Hill, Episcopal\n1979-80\tLouise Hawkins, Lutheran\n1980-81\tLeslie C. Boze, Presbyterian\n1981-82\tLeigh Budwell, Baptist\n1982-83\tMrs. Earl 0. Sims, Catholic\n1983-84\tHelen Parthemos, Greek Orthodox\n1984-85\tRita Stein, Jewish\n1985-86\tDr. Vivien K. Ely, Methodist\n1986-87\tLouise Lipscomb, Episcopal\n1987-88\tRuby Turner, Lutheran\n1988-89\tGrace Deane, Presbyterian\n1989-90\tVirginia Johnson, Baptist\n1990-91\tDolores Ross, Catholic\n1991-92\tDr. Lee Pratt, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n1992-93\tBarni Schlein, Jewish\n1993-94\tZoa Mottley, Methodist\n1994-95\tLouise Reza, Unitarian\n1995-96\tMidge Falconer, Bahá'i\n1996-97\tSaba Abed, Islam\n1997-98\tShobha Shenoy, Hindu\n1998-99\tJoan E. v.H. Everett, Episcopal\n1999-00\tIngrid Zoll Vetter, Lutheran\n2000-01\tMiriam T. Bailey, Presbyterian\n2001-02\tVirginia Smith, Baptist\n2002-03\tSharon C. Clayton, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n2003-04\tAnne H. Woods, Jewish\n2004-05 Marian Agnew, Bahá'í\n2005-06 Dr. Jeffrey Clark, Unitarian Universalist\n2006-07 Lynn Johnston, Unity\n2007-08 Annette Khan, Islam\n2008-09 Dr. Baljit S. Sidhu, Sikh\n2009-10 Kusum Jain, Jain\n2010-11 Sandy Willis, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n2011-12 Malik Khan, Islam\n2012-13 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n2013-14 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n2014-15 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n2015-16 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n2016-17 Ashley Pelli, Omnism","The materials in this collection range from 1936 to 1999 and include correspondence, treasurer's reports, meeting minutes, photographs, yearbooks, news clippings, and ephemera from the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. The collection highlights the annual events and the meetings of the organization.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"collection_ssim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936/1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 321","/repositories/5/resources/586"],"unitid_tesim":["M 321","/repositories/5/resources/586"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["Virginia -- Richmond"],"geogname_ssim":["Virginia -- Richmond"],"places_ssim":["Virginia -- Richmond"],"creator_ssm":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"creator_ssim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"creators_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Donated by the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond, VA in 2003"],"access_subjects_ssim":["Social service -- Virginia -- Richmond -- History","Interdenominational cooperation","Religious institutions","Social service -- Virginia","Voluntarism"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Social service -- Virginia -- Richmond -- History","Interdenominational cooperation","Religious institutions","Social service -- Virginia","Voluntarism"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.33 Linear Feet 8 letter document boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3.33 Linear Feet 8 letter document boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Interfaith Council of Richmond records are arranged chronologically, largely following their original order. Prior to 1960, correspondence, minutes, etc. were generally organized by year, with some exceptions. Folders in box 1 that begin with a president's name have been slightly reorganized to follow the format of presidential terms (which started in May) instead of calendar years. Otherwise, original groupings and arrangement have been preserved. Post-1960, the collection was predominately organized chronologically in albums of each president's term, with some binders of meeting minutes and other administrative documents spanning multiple terms. Collection materials have been removed from binders and albums and added to folders, but the groupings have been preserved.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Interfaith Council of Richmond records are arranged chronologically, largely following their original order. Prior to 1960, correspondence, minutes, etc. were generally organized by year, with some exceptions. Folders in box 1 that begin with a president's name have been slightly reorganized to follow the format of presidential terms (which started in May) instead of calendar years. Otherwise, original groupings and arrangement have been preserved. Post-1960, the collection was predominately organized chronologically in albums of each president's term, with some binders of meeting minutes and other administrative documents spanning multiple terms. Collection materials have been removed from binders and albums and added to folders, but the groupings have been preserved."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) is an organization of 19 different religious denominations in the city of Richmond, Virginia and surrounding counties. The 98 member congregations within these faith groups bring together diverse doctrinal, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePrior to 1900, it was common for volunteers from various religious groups to assume some responsibility for public welfare in their communities. However, with the development of the profession of Social Work in the 1920s, many city governments began to employ public welfare workers. The need for communication among the public and private organizations, professionals, and volunteers in Richmond, VA led to the formation of the Richmond Council of Social Agencies in the early 1920s, and subsequently the Richmond Community Fund in 1924. Dr. Arthur Guild was the Executive Director of both groups.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere was confusion between the new social work professionals and volunteers from churches engaged in public welfare work around the new division of responsibilities. The Council of Social Agencies along with the Richmond Ministerial Union saw the need for understanding and cooperation between religious communities and the social agencies. To address this need, the Rev. Dr. James C. Faw, a member of the Board of Directors for both agencies, turned to the women of the churches and synagogues who were already organized within their organizations. The recommendation passed and a subcommittee of the Council was established. Dr. Faw and Mr. Guild assisted women from three faiths - Protestant, Catholic and Jewish - to organize the Council of Church Women in 1929 as a Sub-Council of the Council of Society Agencies. This Council of Church Women was the first name of the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. Mrs. McClean Whittet became the first Chair.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1940, the name of the Council of Church Women was changed to The Interfaith Council of the Richmond Area Church Women to avoid confusion with The Women's Council of Churches, an existing Protestant group. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1979, The Interfaith Council of Richmond Area Church Women shortened its name to The Interfaith Council in order to reflect more clearly the diversity of religious traditions it represented. The Baha'i Faith was the first expansion faith to join ICGR in the 1970s. In the same year, the Interfaith Council accepted an invitation to affiliate with the National Conference of Christians and Jews (NCCJ). In 1991-92, the Council added the Virginia Council of Churches (VCC) and the Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy to its circle of affiliations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, the Interfaith Council changed its name to the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) to expand its membership to the entire area. In 1991-92, representatives from Muslim, Sikh, Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, and American Baptist groups were welcomed into membership. Previously, the group almsot exclusively represented Christian and Jewish religious denominations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1983-84, a member of the Greek Orthodox Church and in 1991-92, a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints were elected President. The Board voted in January 1992 to incorporate all member religious organizations into the rotation for presidential election.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"underline\"\u003ePast Presidents of ICGR\u003c/emph\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003enote: pre-1990, the vast majority of the ICGR presidents were identified by their husband's name in official documentation. Women's full names have been included where we were able to find them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1929-30 Mrs. McLean Whittet, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1930-32 Mrs. Franklin Johnson, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1932-34\tMrs. James A. Richardson, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1934-36\tMrs. Raphael Levy, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1936-38\tMrs. J. McC. C. Greathead, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1938-40\tMrs. Carroll C. Roberts, Christian\n\u003cbr\u003e1940-42\tHenrietta Knightly, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1942-44\tMrs. T. W. Smith, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1944-45\tMrs. James E. Gardner, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e1945-46\tMrs. John 0. MacKinnon, Unitarian\n\u003cbr\u003e1946-47\tArleene (sometimes spelled Arleen) G. Fairly, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1947-48\tMrs. Henry Fine, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1948-49\tMrs. Dalton Flanagan, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1949-50\tMrs. Cyrus M. Bache, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1950-51\tMrs. Bernard W. Glass, Christian\n\u003cbr\u003e1951-52\tMrs. W. J. Burlee, Sr., Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1952-53\tMrs. E. Harold Thompson, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1953-54\tMrs. B. V. VanHorn, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1954-55\tMrs. Lewis Markel, Sr., Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1955-56\tMrs. C. W. Hinchman, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1956-57\tMrs. Frank O. Higgins, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1957-58\tMrs. Alton C. Griffin, Christian\n\u003cbr\u003e1958-59\tMrs. Herman F. Gallasch, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e1959-60\tKathryne Crowe, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1960 Mrs. E.F. MacDonald (resigned), Unknown\n\u003cbr\u003e1960-61\tJosephine Baskerville (completed MacDonald's term before starting her own), Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1961-62\tLucy Blanton, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1962-63\tBertha Meyer, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1963-64\tMartha Carson, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1964-65\tPolly Parker, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1965-66\tJune H. Jarman, Christian\n\u003cbr\u003e1966-67\tDorothy Gundlach, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1967-68\tGeorgia Dieker, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1968-69\tInez Hartley, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1969-70\tMrs. Bert Mann, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1970-71\tDorothy Turner, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1971-72\tAnne McKenney, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1972-73\tHelen Pohling, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e1973-74\tMrs. Edmund G. Schmitz, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1974-75\tMrs. William P. Anderson, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1975-76\tBertha Laster, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1976-77\tPhyllis  Clifford, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1977-78\tSophia U. Hodges, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1978-79\tMrs. Edward L. Hill, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1979-80\tLouise Hawkins, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e1980-81\tLeslie C. Boze, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1981-82\tLeigh Budwell, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1982-83\tMrs. Earl 0. Sims, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1983-84\tHelen Parthemos, Greek Orthodox\n\u003cbr\u003e1984-85\tRita Stein, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1985-86\tDr. Vivien K. Ely, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1986-87\tLouise Lipscomb, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1987-88\tRuby Turner, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e1988-89\tGrace Deane, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e1989-90\tVirginia Johnson, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e1990-91\tDolores Ross, Catholic\n\u003cbr\u003e1991-92\tDr. Lee Pratt, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n\u003cbr\u003e1992-93\tBarni Schlein, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e1993-94\tZoa Mottley, Methodist\n\u003cbr\u003e1994-95\tLouise Reza, Unitarian\n\u003cbr\u003e1995-96\tMidge Falconer, Bahá'i\n\u003cbr\u003e1996-97\tSaba Abed, Islam\n\u003cbr\u003e1997-98\tShobha Shenoy, Hindu\n\u003cbr\u003e1998-99\tJoan E. v.H. Everett, Episcopal\n\u003cbr\u003e1999-00\tIngrid Zoll Vetter, Lutheran\n\u003cbr\u003e2000-01\tMiriam T. Bailey, Presbyterian\n\u003cbr\u003e2001-02\tVirginia Smith, Baptist\n\u003cbr\u003e2002-03\tSharon C. Clayton, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n\u003cbr\u003e2003-04\tAnne H. Woods, Jewish\n\u003cbr\u003e2004-05 Marian Agnew, Bahá'í\n\u003cbr\u003e2005-06 Dr. Jeffrey Clark, Unitarian Universalist\n\u003cbr\u003e2006-07 Lynn Johnston, Unity\n\u003cbr\u003e2007-08 Annette Khan, Islam\n\u003cbr\u003e2008-09 Dr. Baljit S. Sidhu, Sikh\n\u003cbr\u003e2009-10 Kusum Jain, Jain\n\u003cbr\u003e2010-11 Sandy Willis, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n\u003cbr\u003e2011-12 Malik Khan, Islam\n\u003cbr\u003e2012-13 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n\u003cbr\u003e2013-14 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n\u003cbr\u003e2014-15 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n\u003cbr\u003e2015-16 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n\u003cbr\u003e2016-17 Ashley Pelli, Omnism\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) is an organization of 19 different religious denominations in the city of Richmond, Virginia and surrounding counties. The 98 member congregations within these faith groups bring together diverse doctrinal, cultural, and ethnic backgrounds.","Prior to 1900, it was common for volunteers from various religious groups to assume some responsibility for public welfare in their communities. However, with the development of the profession of Social Work in the 1920s, many city governments began to employ public welfare workers. The need for communication among the public and private organizations, professionals, and volunteers in Richmond, VA led to the formation of the Richmond Council of Social Agencies in the early 1920s, and subsequently the Richmond Community Fund in 1924. Dr. Arthur Guild was the Executive Director of both groups.","There was confusion between the new social work professionals and volunteers from churches engaged in public welfare work around the new division of responsibilities. The Council of Social Agencies along with the Richmond Ministerial Union saw the need for understanding and cooperation between religious communities and the social agencies. To address this need, the Rev. Dr. James C. Faw, a member of the Board of Directors for both agencies, turned to the women of the churches and synagogues who were already organized within their organizations. The recommendation passed and a subcommittee of the Council was established. Dr. Faw and Mr. Guild assisted women from three faiths - Protestant, Catholic and Jewish - to organize the Council of Church Women in 1929 as a Sub-Council of the Council of Society Agencies. This Council of Church Women was the first name of the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. Mrs. McClean Whittet became the first Chair.","In 1940, the name of the Council of Church Women was changed to The Interfaith Council of the Richmond Area Church Women to avoid confusion with The Women's Council of Churches, an existing Protestant group.","In 1979, The Interfaith Council of Richmond Area Church Women shortened its name to The Interfaith Council in order to reflect more clearly the diversity of religious traditions it represented. The Baha'i Faith was the first expansion faith to join ICGR in the 1970s. In the same year, the Interfaith Council accepted an invitation to affiliate with the National Conference of Christians and Jews (NCCJ). In 1991-92, the Council added the Virginia Council of Churches (VCC) and the Virginia Interfaith Center for Public Policy to its circle of affiliations.","In 1986, the Interfaith Council changed its name to the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond (ICGR) to expand its membership to the entire area. In 1991-92, representatives from Muslim, Sikh, Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, and American Baptist groups were welcomed into membership. Previously, the group almsot exclusively represented Christian and Jewish religious denominations.","In 1983-84, a member of the Greek Orthodox Church and in 1991-92, a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints were elected President. The Board voted in January 1992 to incorporate all member religious organizations into the rotation for presidential election.","Past Presidents of ICGR\nnote: pre-1990, the vast majority of the ICGR presidents were identified by their husband's name in official documentation. Women's full names have been included where we were able to find them.","1929-30 Mrs. McLean Whittet, Presbyterian\n1930-32 Mrs. Franklin Johnson, Baptist\n1932-34\tMrs. James A. Richardson, Methodist\n1934-36\tMrs. Raphael Levy, Jewish\n1936-38\tMrs. J. McC. C. Greathead, Episcopal\n1938-40\tMrs. Carroll C. Roberts, Christian\n1940-42\tHenrietta Knightly, Catholic\n1942-44\tMrs. T. W. Smith, Baptist\n1944-45\tMrs. James E. Gardner, Lutheran\n1945-46\tMrs. John 0. MacKinnon, Unitarian\n1946-47\tArleene (sometimes spelled Arleen) G. Fairly, Presbyterian\n1947-48\tMrs. Henry Fine, Jewish\n1948-49\tMrs. Dalton Flanagan, Methodist\n1949-50\tMrs. Cyrus M. Bache, Episcopal\n1950-51\tMrs. Bernard W. Glass, Christian\n1951-52\tMrs. W. J. Burlee, Sr., Catholic\n1952-53\tMrs. E. Harold Thompson, Baptist\n1953-54\tMrs. B. V. VanHorn, Presbyterian\n1954-55\tMrs. Lewis Markel, Sr., Jewish\n1955-56\tMrs. C. W. Hinchman, Methodist\n1956-57\tMrs. Frank O. Higgins, Episcopal\n1957-58\tMrs. Alton C. Griffin, Christian\n1958-59\tMrs. Herman F. Gallasch, Lutheran\n1959-60\tKathryne Crowe, Catholic\n1960 Mrs. E.F. MacDonald (resigned), Unknown\n1960-61\tJosephine Baskerville (completed MacDonald's term before starting her own), Baptist\n1961-62\tLucy Blanton, Presbyterian\n1962-63\tBertha Meyer, Jewish\n1963-64\tMartha Carson, Methodist\n1964-65\tPolly Parker, Episcopal\n1965-66\tJune H. Jarman, Christian\n1966-67\tDorothy Gundlach, Catholic\n1967-68\tGeorgia Dieker, Baptist\n1968-69\tInez Hartley, Presbyterian\n1969-70\tMrs. Bert Mann, Jewish\n1970-71\tDorothy Turner, Methodist\n1971-72\tAnne McKenney, Episcopal\n1972-73\tHelen Pohling, Lutheran\n1973-74\tMrs. Edmund G. Schmitz, Catholic\n1974-75\tMrs. William P. Anderson, Presbyterian\n1975-76\tBertha Laster, Jewish\n1976-77\tPhyllis  Clifford, Baptist\n1977-78\tSophia U. Hodges, Methodist\n1978-79\tMrs. Edward L. Hill, Episcopal\n1979-80\tLouise Hawkins, Lutheran\n1980-81\tLeslie C. Boze, Presbyterian\n1981-82\tLeigh Budwell, Baptist\n1982-83\tMrs. Earl 0. Sims, Catholic\n1983-84\tHelen Parthemos, Greek Orthodox\n1984-85\tRita Stein, Jewish\n1985-86\tDr. Vivien K. Ely, Methodist\n1986-87\tLouise Lipscomb, Episcopal\n1987-88\tRuby Turner, Lutheran\n1988-89\tGrace Deane, Presbyterian\n1989-90\tVirginia Johnson, Baptist\n1990-91\tDolores Ross, Catholic\n1991-92\tDr. Lee Pratt, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n1992-93\tBarni Schlein, Jewish\n1993-94\tZoa Mottley, Methodist\n1994-95\tLouise Reza, Unitarian\n1995-96\tMidge Falconer, Bahá'i\n1996-97\tSaba Abed, Islam\n1997-98\tShobha Shenoy, Hindu\n1998-99\tJoan E. v.H. Everett, Episcopal\n1999-00\tIngrid Zoll Vetter, Lutheran\n2000-01\tMiriam T. Bailey, Presbyterian\n2001-02\tVirginia Smith, Baptist\n2002-03\tSharon C. Clayton, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n2003-04\tAnne H. Woods, Jewish\n2004-05 Marian Agnew, Bahá'í\n2005-06 Dr. Jeffrey Clark, Unitarian Universalist\n2006-07 Lynn Johnston, Unity\n2007-08 Annette Khan, Islam\n2008-09 Dr. Baljit S. Sidhu, Sikh\n2009-10 Kusum Jain, Jain\n2010-11 Sandy Willis, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints\n2011-12 Malik Khan, Islam\n2012-13 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n2013-14 Rebecca Skinner, Unity\n2014-15 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n2015-16 Sabrina Dent, Member at Large\n2016-17 Ashley Pelli, Omnism"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eInterfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936-1999, Collection # M 321, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond records, 1936-1999, Collection # M 321, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\nThe materials in this collection range from 1936 to 1999 and include correspondence, treasurer's reports, meeting minutes, photographs, yearbooks, news clippings, and ephemera from the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. The collection highlights the annual events and the meetings of the organization.\n\u003c/p\u003e\nThe majority of the presidents of the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond are referred to by their husband's name. Occasionally, their first names were included in correspondence or on other documents found in the collection. With the exceptions of presidents whose first names were unable to be found in the collection, these names have been included on folder titles and updated on the list of presidents.  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in this collection range from 1936 to 1999 and include correspondence, treasurer's reports, meeting minutes, photographs, yearbooks, news clippings, and ephemera from the Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond. The collection highlights the annual events and the meetings of the organization."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Interfaith Council of Greater Richmond"],"language_ssim":["English\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":62,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:07:16.781Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_586_c15"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5_c01_c02","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Awards and Honors, 1950/1986","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_5_c01_c02#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eItems include letters from Virginia Governors Mills E. Godwin, Jr., Linwood Holton, and Charles Robb regarding achievements by Edgar J. Fisher and VCHMC; programs and press releases from the 1954 Lane Bryant Annual Awards where the VCHMC won the $1,000 group award; and other letters and statements recognizing the work of the VCHMC.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_5_c01_c02#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5_c01_c02","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_5_c01_c02"],"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5_c01_c02","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5_c01","parent_ssim":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers, 1949/1986","Professional Papers, 1949/1986"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_3_resources_5","vircu_repositories_3_resources_5_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Awards and Honors","title_ssm":["Awards and Honors"],"title_tesim":["Awards and Honors"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Awards and Honors, 1950/1986"],"text":["Awards and Honors, 1950/1986","Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers, 1949/1986","Professional Papers, 1949/1986","Box-folder 1:2","Items include letters from Virginia Governors Mills E. Godwin, Jr., Linwood Holton, and Charles Robb regarding achievements by Edgar J. Fisher and VCHMC; programs and press releases from the 1954 Lane Bryant Annual Awards where the VCHMC won the $1,000 group award; and other letters and statements recognizing the work of the VCHMC."],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers, 1949/1986","Professional Papers, 1949/1986"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers, 1949/1986","Professional Papers, 1949/1986"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1986"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":3,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers, 1949/1986"],"containers_ssim":["Box-folder 1:2"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems include letters from Virginia Governors Mills E. Godwin, Jr., Linwood Holton, and Charles Robb regarding achievements by Edgar J. Fisher and VCHMC; programs and press releases from the 1954 Lane Bryant Annual Awards where the VCHMC won the $1,000 group award; and other letters and statements recognizing the work of the VCHMC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Items include letters from Virginia Governors Mills E. Godwin, Jr., Linwood Holton, and Charles Robb regarding achievements by Edgar J. Fisher and VCHMC; programs and press releases from the 1954 Lane Bryant Annual Awards where the VCHMC won the $1,000 group award; and other letters and statements recognizing the work of the VCHMC."],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#1","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:34.904Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5","_root_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_3_resources_5","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_3_resources_5.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Fisher, Edgar J., papers","title_ssm":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1949-1986"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1949-1986"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1949/1986"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers, 1949/1986"],"text":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers, 1949/1986","1987.Oct.42","Medicine, Rural -- History -- 20th century. -- Virginia","Rural Health Services -- Virginia.","Collection open for research.","Series 1, Professional Papers, 1949-1986 -- Series 2, Articles and Editorials, 1949-1984. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically.","Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. (1919-2005)","Edgar Jacob Fisher, Jr., was born on June 3, 1919 in Istanbul, Turkey where his father was the Dean of Robert College. The family returned to Virginia when Fisher was 13 years old. Fisher attended the College of William and Mary graduating in 1942 with a degree in health and physical education. He then served four years in the U.S. Navy during World War II. After his discharge from the Navy, he worked as an administrative assistant and acting personnel director at the Near East College Association in New York City. In 1948 Fisher was hired as the director of the Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care, located in Richmond, Virginia.","Fisher spent his career with the VCHMC. In the early years, the VCHMC studied health care issues by speaking with doctors, medical educators, and students to identify problems within the profession including those of rural medical staffing. They found that most rural communities could support a doctor's practice and that many physicians wished to work in smaller towns. However, the lack of modern medical facilities in these areas made them less appealing to young doctors. Fisher worked with the communities to make themselves attractive to potential physicians by raising money and building clinics. He also assisted doctors looking to build a practice. Fisher tried to impress upon the candidates the need to find not only a place to practice, but a community to which they could belong. Fisher and VCHMC were very successful in their placement of medical personnel in rural communities. By the time Fisher retired from the VCHMC in 1984, he had helped place more than 1,000 physicians in underserved areas throughout Virginia.","In addition to his career at the VCHMC, Fisher served on the board or as a member of other health related professional organizations such as the Virginia League for Nursing and the Virginia Public Health Association among others. He also served as vice president of administration and as a board member of Needle's Eye Ministries and led fundraising efforts to open the Cross Over Health Center in 1991.","Fisher was married twice. His first wife, Mildred Anne Hill, died in 1975. In 1980 he married Constance Fleming Warwick and they had a daughter, Elisabeth Anne Fisher. Fisher died on December 11, 2005 and is interred in Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care","The Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care (VCHMC), formed in 1946, was an outgrowth of a meeting called by Dr. H. B. Mulholland, then president of the Medical Society of Virginia. Mulholland invited representatives from various official and voluntary statewide organizations to consider working together to meet the health needs of rural and medically underserved Virginia communities. The solution was to create the VCHMC, an independent group funded by private donations rather than state money. The mission of the Council was to strengthen the overall health programs of the state, serve as a clearinghouse on health and medical care issues and programs, and coordinate health programs through joint planning with public and private agencies.","Services offered by the VCHMC included a physician referral service that began in 1950 to match doctors with rural communities in need of a physician. A dentist referral service was added in 1954 and later one for occupational therapists. Other activities of the VCHMC included sponsoring conferences on the needs of children with disabilities and nutrition as well as a health careers program to educate young people on the array of opportunities in the health profession.","In 1986, the VCHMC changed its name to the Virginia Health Council, Inc.,(VHC) but continued on with the same mission as before. In 1992, the Virginia General Assembly and its Joint Commission on Health Care created the Virginia Health Care Foundation (VHCF) a public/private partnership. The VHCF's mission was to expand access to health care for the uninsured and underserved citizens of Virginia. The VHCF, along with other state and federally funded organizations, were now providing services similar to the VHC. The VHC board of directors voted to close the council and operations ceased on December 31, 1994. On July 20, 1995 the VHC restated its articles of incorporation and bylaws naming the VHCF as its sole member. This was done so that the VHCF could receive funds designated for the VHC to publish the Virginia Health Careers Manual. The VHCF now publishes this manual and maintains an online version of it.","The papers of Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. contain materials related to Fisher's work as director of the Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care (VCHMC) from 1948-1984. The majority of the papers are articles and editorials about or by the VCHMC that appeared in newspapers, medical publications, and other magazines. Additional items in the collection include VCHMC annual reports, awards and honors, pamphlets, periodicals, Fisher's presentations, and other related materials.","This series contains papers related to the VCHMC. Items include annual reports, awards and honors, pamphlets, the periodical Public Opinion Committee produced by the Council, presentations delivered by Fisher, and miscellaneous reports.","Items include letters from Virginia Governors Mills E. Godwin, Jr., Linwood Holton, and Charles Robb regarding achievements by Edgar J. Fisher and VCHMC; programs and press releases from the 1954 Lane Bryant Annual Awards where the VCHMC won the $1,000 group award; and other letters and statements recognizing the work of the VCHMC.","Photocopy, Sen. Harry F. Byrd, Jr. submitted a letter by Fisher to Sen. Edward Kennedy on the issue of the shortage of physicians in rural areas.","An assortment of pamphlets about the VCHMC.","A periodical produced by the VCHMC.","A press release to announce the placement of the 1,000th physician by the VCHMC.","A press release to announce the placement of the 1,000th physician by the VCHMC.","Report to the American Medical Association regarding professional-lay health councils, citing the VCHMC as an example.","Clippings, reports, press releases, itineraries, and timelines regarding the search for a doctor to serve Tangier Island, Virginia and the placement of Dr. Mikio Kato","A collection of newspaper articles chronicling the search for a doctor and the building of a medical center for the community.","This series contains articles and editorials which appeared in various newspapers, journals, and magazines. These articles generally discussed the work of the VCHMC, the placement of physicians in rural areas, and ongoing debates about healthcare. There are also articles that cover the three year task of placing a doctor at Tangier Island, 1955-1957.","Typed originals of articles written about the services of VCHMC.","Photocopies and reprints of articles by or about VCHMC discussing the placement of doctors and other medical professionals in underserved or rural communities, tips for communities searching for doctors, and tips for doctors on building and retaining a practice in rural areas. Fisher authored many of these articles.","Photocopies of editorials that appeared in numerous newspapers covering topics such as health care at the state and national level, placement of doctors in rural communities, and the activities of the VCHMC.","There are no restrictions.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care","Fisher, Edgar J. (Edgar Jacob), 1919-2005","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers, 1949/1986"],"collection_ssim":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. papers, 1949/1986"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1987.Oct.42"],"unitid_tesim":["1987.Oct.42"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Fisher, Edgar J. (Edgar Jacob), 1919-2005"],"creator_ssim":["Fisher, Edgar J. (Edgar Jacob), 1919-2005"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fisher, Edgar J. (Edgar Jacob), 1919-2005"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care"],"creators_ssim":["Fisher, Edgar J. (Edgar Jacob), 1919-2005","VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Edgar J. Fisher Jr."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Medicine, Rural -- History -- 20th century. -- Virginia","Rural Health Services -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Medicine, Rural -- History -- 20th century. -- Virginia","Rural Health Services -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Professional Papers, 1949-1986 -- Series 2, Articles and Editorials, 1949-1984. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1, Professional Papers, 1949-1986 -- Series 2, Articles and Editorials, 1949-1984. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and the materials within the files are arranged chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eEdgar J. Fisher, Jr. (1919-2005)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEdgar Jacob Fisher, Jr., was born on June 3, 1919 in Istanbul, Turkey where his father was the Dean of Robert College. The family returned to Virginia when Fisher was 13 years old. Fisher attended the College of William and Mary graduating in 1942 with a degree in health and physical education. He then served four years in the U.S. Navy during World War II. After his discharge from the Navy, he worked as an administrative assistant and acting personnel director at the Near East College Association in New York City. In 1948 Fisher was hired as the director of the Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care, located in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFisher spent his career with the VCHMC. In the early years, the VCHMC studied health care issues by speaking with doctors, medical educators, and students to identify problems within the profession including those of rural medical staffing. They found that most rural communities could support a doctor's practice and that many physicians wished to work in smaller towns. However, the lack of modern medical facilities in these areas made them less appealing to young doctors. Fisher worked with the communities to make themselves attractive to potential physicians by raising money and building clinics. He also assisted doctors looking to build a practice. Fisher tried to impress upon the candidates the need to find not only a place to practice, but a community to which they could belong. Fisher and VCHMC were very successful in their placement of medical personnel in rural communities. By the time Fisher retired from the VCHMC in 1984, he had helped place more than 1,000 physicians in underserved areas throughout Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to his career at the VCHMC, Fisher served on the board or as a member of other health related professional organizations such as the Virginia League for Nursing and the Virginia Public Health Association among others. He also served as vice president of administration and as a board member of Needle's Eye Ministries and led fundraising efforts to open the Cross Over Health Center in 1991.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFisher was married twice. His first wife, Mildred Anne Hill, died in 1975. In 1980 he married Constance Fleming Warwick and they had a daughter, Elisabeth Anne Fisher. Fisher died on December 11, 2005 and is interred in Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eVirginia Council on Health and Medical Care\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care (VCHMC), formed in 1946, was an outgrowth of a meeting called by Dr. H. B. Mulholland, then president of the Medical Society of Virginia. Mulholland invited representatives from various official and voluntary statewide organizations to consider working together to meet the health needs of rural and medically underserved Virginia communities. The solution was to create the VCHMC, an independent group funded by private donations rather than state money. The mission of the Council was to strengthen the overall health programs of the state, serve as a clearinghouse on health and medical care issues and programs, and coordinate health programs through joint planning with public and private agencies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServices offered by the VCHMC included a physician referral service that began in 1950 to match doctors with rural communities in need of a physician. A dentist referral service was added in 1954 and later one for occupational therapists. Other activities of the VCHMC included sponsoring conferences on the needs of children with disabilities and nutrition as well as a health careers program to educate young people on the array of opportunities in the health profession.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1986, the VCHMC changed its name to the Virginia Health Council, Inc.,(VHC) but continued on with the same mission as before. In 1992, the Virginia General Assembly and its Joint Commission on Health Care created the Virginia Health Care Foundation (VHCF) a public/private partnership. The VHCF's mission was to expand access to health care for the uninsured and underserved citizens of Virginia. The VHCF, along with other state and federally funded organizations, were now providing services similar to the VHC. The VHC board of directors voted to close the council and operations ceased on December 31, 1994. On July 20, 1995 the VHC restated its articles of incorporation and bylaws naming the VHCF as its sole member. This was done so that the VHCF could receive funds designated for the VHC to publish the Virginia Health Careers Manual. The VHCF now publishes this manual and maintains an online version of it.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. (1919-2005)","Edgar Jacob Fisher, Jr., was born on June 3, 1919 in Istanbul, Turkey where his father was the Dean of Robert College. The family returned to Virginia when Fisher was 13 years old. Fisher attended the College of William and Mary graduating in 1942 with a degree in health and physical education. He then served four years in the U.S. Navy during World War II. After his discharge from the Navy, he worked as an administrative assistant and acting personnel director at the Near East College Association in New York City. In 1948 Fisher was hired as the director of the Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care, located in Richmond, Virginia.","Fisher spent his career with the VCHMC. In the early years, the VCHMC studied health care issues by speaking with doctors, medical educators, and students to identify problems within the profession including those of rural medical staffing. They found that most rural communities could support a doctor's practice and that many physicians wished to work in smaller towns. However, the lack of modern medical facilities in these areas made them less appealing to young doctors. Fisher worked with the communities to make themselves attractive to potential physicians by raising money and building clinics. He also assisted doctors looking to build a practice. Fisher tried to impress upon the candidates the need to find not only a place to practice, but a community to which they could belong. Fisher and VCHMC were very successful in their placement of medical personnel in rural communities. By the time Fisher retired from the VCHMC in 1984, he had helped place more than 1,000 physicians in underserved areas throughout Virginia.","In addition to his career at the VCHMC, Fisher served on the board or as a member of other health related professional organizations such as the Virginia League for Nursing and the Virginia Public Health Association among others. He also served as vice president of administration and as a board member of Needle's Eye Ministries and led fundraising efforts to open the Cross Over Health Center in 1991.","Fisher was married twice. His first wife, Mildred Anne Hill, died in 1975. In 1980 he married Constance Fleming Warwick and they had a daughter, Elisabeth Anne Fisher. Fisher died on December 11, 2005 and is interred in Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia.","Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care","The Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care (VCHMC), formed in 1946, was an outgrowth of a meeting called by Dr. H. B. Mulholland, then president of the Medical Society of Virginia. Mulholland invited representatives from various official and voluntary statewide organizations to consider working together to meet the health needs of rural and medically underserved Virginia communities. The solution was to create the VCHMC, an independent group funded by private donations rather than state money. The mission of the Council was to strengthen the overall health programs of the state, serve as a clearinghouse on health and medical care issues and programs, and coordinate health programs through joint planning with public and private agencies.","Services offered by the VCHMC included a physician referral service that began in 1950 to match doctors with rural communities in need of a physician. A dentist referral service was added in 1954 and later one for occupational therapists. Other activities of the VCHMC included sponsoring conferences on the needs of children with disabilities and nutrition as well as a health careers program to educate young people on the array of opportunities in the health profession.","In 1986, the VCHMC changed its name to the Virginia Health Council, Inc.,(VHC) but continued on with the same mission as before. In 1992, the Virginia General Assembly and its Joint Commission on Health Care created the Virginia Health Care Foundation (VHCF) a public/private partnership. The VHCF's mission was to expand access to health care for the uninsured and underserved citizens of Virginia. The VHCF, along with other state and federally funded organizations, were now providing services similar to the VHC. The VHC board of directors voted to close the council and operations ceased on December 31, 1994. On July 20, 1995 the VHC restated its articles of incorporation and bylaws naming the VHCF as its sole member. This was done so that the VHCF could receive funds designated for the VHC to publish the Virginia Health Careers Manual. The VHCF now publishes this manual and maintains an online version of it."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Edgar J. Fisher, Jr., Accession # 87/Oct/42, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Edgar J. Fisher, Jr., Accession # 87/Oct/42, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. contain materials related to Fisher's work as director of the Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care (VCHMC) from 1948-1984. The majority of the papers are articles and editorials about or by the VCHMC that appeared in newspapers, medical publications, and other magazines. Additional items in the collection include VCHMC annual reports, awards and honors, pamphlets, periodicals, Fisher's presentations, and other related materials.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThis series contains papers related to the VCHMC. Items include annual reports, awards and honors, pamphlets, the periodical \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003ePublic Opinion Committee\u003c/title\u003e produced by the Council, presentations delivered by Fisher, and miscellaneous reports.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems include letters from Virginia Governors Mills E. Godwin, Jr., Linwood Holton, and Charles Robb regarding achievements by Edgar J. Fisher and VCHMC; programs and press releases from the 1954 Lane Bryant Annual Awards where the VCHMC won the $1,000 group award; and other letters and statements recognizing the work of the VCHMC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopy, Sen. Harry F. Byrd, Jr. submitted a letter by Fisher to Sen. 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Fisher authored many of these articles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of editorials that appeared in numerous newspapers covering topics such as health care at the state and national level, placement of doctors in rural communities, and the activities of the VCHMC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Edgar J. Fisher, Jr. contain materials related to Fisher's work as director of the Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care (VCHMC) from 1948-1984. The majority of the papers are articles and editorials about or by the VCHMC that appeared in newspapers, medical publications, and other magazines. Additional items in the collection include VCHMC annual reports, awards and honors, pamphlets, periodicals, Fisher's presentations, and other related materials.","This series contains papers related to the VCHMC. Items include annual reports, awards and honors, pamphlets, the periodical Public Opinion Committee produced by the Council, presentations delivered by Fisher, and miscellaneous reports.","Items include letters from Virginia Governors Mills E. Godwin, Jr., Linwood Holton, and Charles Robb regarding achievements by Edgar J. Fisher and VCHMC; programs and press releases from the 1954 Lane Bryant Annual Awards where the VCHMC won the $1,000 group award; and other letters and statements recognizing the work of the VCHMC.","Photocopy, Sen. Harry F. Byrd, Jr. submitted a letter by Fisher to Sen. Edward Kennedy on the issue of the shortage of physicians in rural areas.","An assortment of pamphlets about the VCHMC.","A periodical produced by the VCHMC.","A press release to announce the placement of the 1,000th physician by the VCHMC.","A press release to announce the placement of the 1,000th physician by the VCHMC.","Report to the American Medical Association regarding professional-lay health councils, citing the VCHMC as an example.","Clippings, reports, press releases, itineraries, and timelines regarding the search for a doctor to serve Tangier Island, Virginia and the placement of Dr. Mikio Kato","A collection of newspaper articles chronicling the search for a doctor and the building of a medical center for the community.","This series contains articles and editorials which appeared in various newspapers, journals, and magazines. These articles generally discussed the work of the VCHMC, the placement of physicians in rural areas, and ongoing debates about healthcare. There are also articles that cover the three year task of placing a doctor at Tangier Island, 1955-1957.","Typed originals of articles written about the services of VCHMC.","Photocopies and reprints of articles by or about VCHMC discussing the placement of doctors and other medical professionals in underserved or rural communities, tips for communities searching for doctors, and tips for doctors on building and retaining a practice in rural areas. Fisher authored many of these articles.","Photocopies of editorials that appeared in numerous newspapers covering topics such as health care at the state and national level, placement of doctors in rural communities, and the activities of the VCHMC."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restriction"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care"],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care","Fisher, Edgar J. (Edgar Jacob), 1919-2005"],"persname_ssim":["Fisher, Edgar J. (Edgar Jacob), 1919-2005"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Virginia Council on Health and Medical Care","Fisher, Edgar J. 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Gunzburg papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest M. Gunzburg papers, 1915/1989"],"text":["Ernest M. Gunzburg papers, 1915/1989","M 194","/repositories/5/resources/88","United States -- Emigration and immigration -- 20th century.","Naturalization -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Insurance agents -- Virginia -- Richmond","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by topic.","Ernest Gunzburg, a German immigrant, rose to prominence for aiding European refugees resettling in the Richmond area during the era of World War II. He later assisted in the founding and management of multiple organizations in Richmond aimed at community engagement and religious cooperation.","Gunzburg was born in the Free City of Danzig on 29 December 1911. He was educated in Mainz, Germany, and immigrated to the United States in 1935. Soon after he arrived in the United States, Gunzburg worked with the National Refugee Service to settle European refugees in Virginia. In 1939 he relocated to Miami, Florida, to take the position of executive director of the Florida Resettlement Committee. After the United States became involved in World War II, Gunzburg enlisted and served as an interpreter with US Army Intelligence with the rank of sergeant. In 1944, Gunzburg received a commendation for acting as an interpreter for a German parachutist group that had surrendered at Normandy, France.","In 1945, Gunzburg returned to Richmond, Virginia, and became an insurance agent. While in this profession, he continued his efforts to relocate individuals displaced by the war, forming the Friends of Newly Naturalized Citizens. Gunzburg actively engaged in the local community in other ways as well. 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He used these opportunities to advocate for a Bill of Responsibilities for all citizens to guide their community involvement.","Gunzburg died 22 November 1990 in Henrico, Virginia.","The Ernest Gunzburg papers, 1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989, is a collection of materials used by Ernest Gunzburg in his community activities during his time in Richmond, Virginia. The papers provide insight into how Gunzburg engaged with the local community and organizations to promote cooperation and unity ideals.","Correspondence in this collection is primarily with family and Richmond community members regarding a variety of topics. Early outlying correspondence in the collection regards Gunzburg's immediate family residing in Germany and the relocation of European immigrants in Virginia fleeing the disruption and destruction of World War II. The bulk of the correspondence focuses on aspects of Gunzburg's community involvement from 1970-1983 such as the naturalization of immigrants, the creation of the Commemoration of Faith, engagement with organizations such as the Language Bank and the Richmond Chamber of Commerce, and discussions of social issues with local community leaders including  Senator Harry Byrd, Rep. Tom Bliley, Senator John Warner, mayors Merrill Crowe and Eleanor Sheppard, and Governors Chuck Robb and Mills Godwin.","The collection also includes various subject files and ephemera, which relate to Gunzburg's community engagement. These include multiple speeches given by Gunzburg, materials on the Richmond Symphony Orchestra regarding its founding and his tenure on the board, awards and honors presented to Gunzburg, audio reels of presentations, and promotional materials and correspondence about the Your Life Today and Tomorrow program, and materials from Gunzburg's involvement with the Spring Street Jaycees.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Chamber of Commerce (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Symphony","Gunzburg, Ernest M. (Ernest Max), 1911-1990","English\n,       German\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Ernest M. Gunzburg papers, 1915/1989"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest M. 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After the United States became involved in World War II, Gunzburg enlisted and served as an interpreter with US Army Intelligence with the rank of sergeant. In 1944, Gunzburg received a commendation for acting as an interpreter for a German parachutist group that had surrendered at Normandy, France.","In 1945, Gunzburg returned to Richmond, Virginia, and became an insurance agent. While in this profession, he continued his efforts to relocate individuals displaced by the war, forming the Friends of Newly Naturalized Citizens. Gunzburg actively engaged in the local community in other ways as well. He helped organize the Richmond Symphony Orchestra, later serving on its board of directors. In 1961, he aided the formation of an interfaith ecumenical committee known as the Commemoration of Faith, which encouraged interreligious dialogue. The Virginia Center for Inclusive Communities honored Gunzburg for these efforts in 1983.","Additionally, he was active in organizations such as the Language Bank, the American Red Cross, the Spring Street chapter of the Richmond Jaycees, and the Richmond Chamber of Commerce. His consistent involvement in the Richmond community garnered him numerous awards and honors. Local organizations frequently requested Gunzburg to speak at events. He used these opportunities to advocate for a Bill of Responsibilities for all citizens to guide their community involvement.","Gunzburg died 22 November 1990 in Henrico, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eErnest M. Gunzburg papers, 1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989, Collection # M 194, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Ernest M. 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These include multiple speeches given by Gunzburg, materials on the Richmond Symphony Orchestra regarding its founding and his tenure on the board, awards and honors presented to Gunzburg, audio reels of presentations, and promotional materials and correspondence about the Your Life Today and Tomorrow program, and materials from Gunzburg's involvement with the Spring Street Jaycees. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ernest Gunzburg papers, 1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989, is a collection of materials used by Ernest Gunzburg in his community activities during his time in Richmond, Virginia. The papers provide insight into how Gunzburg engaged with the local community and organizations to promote cooperation and unity ideals.","Correspondence in this collection is primarily with family and Richmond community members regarding a variety of topics. Early outlying correspondence in the collection regards Gunzburg's immediate family residing in Germany and the relocation of European immigrants in Virginia fleeing the disruption and destruction of World War II. The bulk of the correspondence focuses on aspects of Gunzburg's community involvement from 1970-1983 such as the naturalization of immigrants, the creation of the Commemoration of Faith, engagement with organizations such as the Language Bank and the Richmond Chamber of Commerce, and discussions of social issues with local community leaders including  Senator Harry Byrd, Rep. Tom Bliley, Senator John Warner, mayors Merrill Crowe and Eleanor Sheppard, and Governors Chuck Robb and Mills Godwin.","The collection also includes various subject files and ephemera, which relate to Gunzburg's community engagement. These include multiple speeches given by Gunzburg, materials on the Richmond Symphony Orchestra regarding its founding and his tenure on the board, awards and honors presented to Gunzburg, audio reels of presentations, and promotional materials and correspondence about the Your Life Today and Tomorrow program, and materials from Gunzburg's involvement with the Spring Street Jaycees."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Chamber of Commerce (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Symphony"],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond Chamber of Commerce (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Symphony"],"persname_ssim":["Gunzburg, Ernest M. (Ernest Max), 1911-1990"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Chamber of Commerce (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Symphony","Gunzburg, Ernest M. 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Gunzburg papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1915/1989"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ernest M. Gunzburg papers, 1915/1989"],"text":["Ernest M. Gunzburg papers, 1915/1989","M 194","/repositories/5/resources/88","United States -- Emigration and immigration -- 20th century.","Naturalization -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Insurance agents -- Virginia -- Richmond","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by topic.","Ernest Gunzburg, a German immigrant, rose to prominence for aiding European refugees resettling in the Richmond area during the era of World War II. He later assisted in the founding and management of multiple organizations in Richmond aimed at community engagement and religious cooperation.","Gunzburg was born in the Free City of Danzig on 29 December 1911. He was educated in Mainz, Germany, and immigrated to the United States in 1935. Soon after he arrived in the United States, Gunzburg worked with the National Refugee Service to settle European refugees in Virginia. In 1939 he relocated to Miami, Florida, to take the position of executive director of the Florida Resettlement Committee. After the United States became involved in World War II, Gunzburg enlisted and served as an interpreter with US Army Intelligence with the rank of sergeant. In 1944, Gunzburg received a commendation for acting as an interpreter for a German parachutist group that had surrendered at Normandy, France.","In 1945, Gunzburg returned to Richmond, Virginia, and became an insurance agent. While in this profession, he continued his efforts to relocate individuals displaced by the war, forming the Friends of Newly Naturalized Citizens. Gunzburg actively engaged in the local community in other ways as well. He helped organize the Richmond Symphony Orchestra, later serving on its board of directors. In 1961, he aided the formation of an interfaith ecumenical committee known as the Commemoration of Faith, which encouraged interreligious dialogue. The Virginia Center for Inclusive Communities honored Gunzburg for these efforts in 1983.","Additionally, he was active in organizations such as the Language Bank, the American Red Cross, the Spring Street chapter of the Richmond Jaycees, and the Richmond Chamber of Commerce. His consistent involvement in the Richmond community garnered him numerous awards and honors. Local organizations frequently requested Gunzburg to speak at events. He used these opportunities to advocate for a Bill of Responsibilities for all citizens to guide their community involvement.","Gunzburg died 22 November 1990 in Henrico, Virginia.","The Ernest Gunzburg papers, 1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989, is a collection of materials used by Ernest Gunzburg in his community activities during his time in Richmond, Virginia. The papers provide insight into how Gunzburg engaged with the local community and organizations to promote cooperation and unity ideals.","Correspondence in this collection is primarily with family and Richmond community members regarding a variety of topics. Early outlying correspondence in the collection regards Gunzburg's immediate family residing in Germany and the relocation of European immigrants in Virginia fleeing the disruption and destruction of World War II. The bulk of the correspondence focuses on aspects of Gunzburg's community involvement from 1970-1983 such as the naturalization of immigrants, the creation of the Commemoration of Faith, engagement with organizations such as the Language Bank and the Richmond Chamber of Commerce, and discussions of social issues with local community leaders including  Senator Harry Byrd, Rep. Tom Bliley, Senator John Warner, mayors Merrill Crowe and Eleanor Sheppard, and Governors Chuck Robb and Mills Godwin.","The collection also includes various subject files and ephemera, which relate to Gunzburg's community engagement. These include multiple speeches given by Gunzburg, materials on the Richmond Symphony Orchestra regarding its founding and his tenure on the board, awards and honors presented to Gunzburg, audio reels of presentations, and promotional materials and correspondence about the Your Life Today and Tomorrow program, and materials from Gunzburg's involvement with the Spring Street Jaycees.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Chamber of Commerce (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Symphony","Gunzburg, Ernest M. (Ernest Max), 1911-1990","English\n,       German\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Ernest M. Gunzburg papers, 1915/1989"],"collection_ssim":["Ernest M. Gunzburg papers, 1915/1989"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 194","/repositories/5/resources/88"],"unitid_tesim":["M 194","/repositories/5/resources/88"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"geogname_ssm":["United States -- Emigration and immigration -- 20th century."],"geogname_ssim":["United States -- Emigration and immigration -- 20th century."],"places_ssim":["United States -- Emigration and immigration -- 20th century."],"creator_ssm":["Gunzburg, Ernest M. (Ernest Max), 1911-1990"],"creator_ssim":["Gunzburg, Ernest M. (Ernest Max), 1911-1990"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gunzburg, Ernest M. (Ernest Max), 1911-1990"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Chamber of Commerce (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Symphony"],"creators_ssim":["Gunzburg, Ernest M. (Ernest Max), 1911-1990","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Chamber of Commerce (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Symphony"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Naturalization -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Insurance agents -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Naturalization -- History -- 20th century -- United States","Insurance agents -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.86 Linear Feet 3 document cases, 1 newspaper print box, 1 microfiche box"],"extent_tesim":["1.86 Linear Feet 3 document cases, 1 newspaper print box, 1 microfiche box"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by topic.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by topic."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eErnest Gunzburg, a German immigrant, rose to prominence for aiding European refugees resettling in the Richmond area during the era of World War II. He later assisted in the founding and management of multiple organizations in Richmond aimed at community engagement and religious cooperation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGunzburg was born in the Free City of Danzig on 29 December 1911. He was educated in Mainz, Germany, and immigrated to the United States in 1935. Soon after he arrived in the United States, Gunzburg worked with the National Refugee Service to settle European refugees in Virginia. In 1939 he relocated to Miami, Florida, to take the position of executive director of the Florida Resettlement Committee. After the United States became involved in World War II, Gunzburg enlisted and served as an interpreter with US Army Intelligence with the rank of sergeant. In 1944, Gunzburg received a commendation for acting as an interpreter for a German parachutist group that had surrendered at Normandy, France. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1945, Gunzburg returned to Richmond, Virginia, and became an insurance agent. While in this profession, he continued his efforts to relocate individuals displaced by the war, forming the Friends of Newly Naturalized Citizens. Gunzburg actively engaged in the local community in other ways as well. He helped organize the Richmond Symphony Orchestra, later serving on its board of directors. In 1961, he aided the formation of an interfaith ecumenical committee known as the Commemoration of Faith, which encouraged interreligious dialogue. The Virginia Center for Inclusive Communities honored Gunzburg for these efforts in 1983.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, he was active in organizations such as the Language Bank, the American Red Cross, the Spring Street chapter of the Richmond Jaycees, and the Richmond Chamber of Commerce. His consistent involvement in the Richmond community garnered him numerous awards and honors. Local organizations frequently requested Gunzburg to speak at events. He used these opportunities to advocate for a Bill of Responsibilities for all citizens to guide their community involvement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGunzburg died 22 November 1990 in Henrico, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ernest Gunzburg, a German immigrant, rose to prominence for aiding European refugees resettling in the Richmond area during the era of World War II. He later assisted in the founding and management of multiple organizations in Richmond aimed at community engagement and religious cooperation.","Gunzburg was born in the Free City of Danzig on 29 December 1911. He was educated in Mainz, Germany, and immigrated to the United States in 1935. Soon after he arrived in the United States, Gunzburg worked with the National Refugee Service to settle European refugees in Virginia. In 1939 he relocated to Miami, Florida, to take the position of executive director of the Florida Resettlement Committee. After the United States became involved in World War II, Gunzburg enlisted and served as an interpreter with US Army Intelligence with the rank of sergeant. In 1944, Gunzburg received a commendation for acting as an interpreter for a German parachutist group that had surrendered at Normandy, France.","In 1945, Gunzburg returned to Richmond, Virginia, and became an insurance agent. While in this profession, he continued his efforts to relocate individuals displaced by the war, forming the Friends of Newly Naturalized Citizens. Gunzburg actively engaged in the local community in other ways as well. He helped organize the Richmond Symphony Orchestra, later serving on its board of directors. In 1961, he aided the formation of an interfaith ecumenical committee known as the Commemoration of Faith, which encouraged interreligious dialogue. The Virginia Center for Inclusive Communities honored Gunzburg for these efforts in 1983.","Additionally, he was active in organizations such as the Language Bank, the American Red Cross, the Spring Street chapter of the Richmond Jaycees, and the Richmond Chamber of Commerce. His consistent involvement in the Richmond community garnered him numerous awards and honors. Local organizations frequently requested Gunzburg to speak at events. He used these opportunities to advocate for a Bill of Responsibilities for all citizens to guide their community involvement.","Gunzburg died 22 November 1990 in Henrico, Virginia."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eErnest M. Gunzburg papers, 1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989, Collection # M 194, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Ernest M. Gunzburg papers, 1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989, Collection # M 194, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Ernest Gunzburg papers, 1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989, is a collection of materials used by Ernest Gunzburg in his community activities during his time in Richmond, Virginia. The papers provide insight into how Gunzburg engaged with the local community and organizations to promote cooperation and unity ideals. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence in this collection is primarily with family and Richmond community members regarding a variety of topics. Early outlying correspondence in the collection regards Gunzburg's immediate family residing in Germany and the relocation of European immigrants in Virginia fleeing the disruption and destruction of World War II. The bulk of the correspondence focuses on aspects of Gunzburg's community involvement from 1970-1983 such as the naturalization of immigrants, the creation of the Commemoration of Faith, engagement with organizations such as the Language Bank and the Richmond Chamber of Commerce, and discussions of social issues with local community leaders including  Senator Harry Byrd, Rep. Tom Bliley, Senator John Warner, mayors Merrill Crowe and Eleanor Sheppard, and Governors Chuck Robb and Mills Godwin. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes various subject files and ephemera, which relate to Gunzburg's community engagement. These include multiple speeches given by Gunzburg, materials on the Richmond Symphony Orchestra regarding its founding and his tenure on the board, awards and honors presented to Gunzburg, audio reels of presentations, and promotional materials and correspondence about the Your Life Today and Tomorrow program, and materials from Gunzburg's involvement with the Spring Street Jaycees. \u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Ernest Gunzburg papers, 1915-1989, bulk 1955-1989, is a collection of materials used by Ernest Gunzburg in his community activities during his time in Richmond, Virginia. The papers provide insight into how Gunzburg engaged with the local community and organizations to promote cooperation and unity ideals.","Correspondence in this collection is primarily with family and Richmond community members regarding a variety of topics. Early outlying correspondence in the collection regards Gunzburg's immediate family residing in Germany and the relocation of European immigrants in Virginia fleeing the disruption and destruction of World War II. The bulk of the correspondence focuses on aspects of Gunzburg's community involvement from 1970-1983 such as the naturalization of immigrants, the creation of the Commemoration of Faith, engagement with organizations such as the Language Bank and the Richmond Chamber of Commerce, and discussions of social issues with local community leaders including  Senator Harry Byrd, Rep. Tom Bliley, Senator John Warner, mayors Merrill Crowe and Eleanor Sheppard, and Governors Chuck Robb and Mills Godwin.","The collection also includes various subject files and ephemera, which relate to Gunzburg's community engagement. These include multiple speeches given by Gunzburg, materials on the Richmond Symphony Orchestra regarding its founding and his tenure on the board, awards and honors presented to Gunzburg, audio reels of presentations, and promotional materials and correspondence about the Your Life Today and Tomorrow program, and materials from Gunzburg's involvement with the Spring Street Jaycees."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Chamber of Commerce (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Symphony"],"names_coll_ssim":["Richmond Chamber of Commerce (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Symphony"],"persname_ssim":["Gunzburg, Ernest M. (Ernest Max), 1911-1990"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Richmond Chamber of Commerce (Richmond, Va.)","Richmond Symphony","Gunzburg, Ernest M. (Ernest Max), 1911-1990"],"language_ssim":["English\n,       German\n."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":36,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:07:33.003Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_88_c08"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c05_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Awards and Recognitions, 1950/1974","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c05_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c05_c03","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c05_c03"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c05_c03","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c05","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c05","parent_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 5: Awards and Recognitions"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c05"],"title_filing_ssi":"Awards and Recognitions","title_ssm":["Awards and Recognitions"],"title_tesim":["Awards and Recognitions"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Awards and Recognitions, 1950/1974"],"text":["Awards and Recognitions, 1950/1974","Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 5: Awards and Recognitions","box 18","folder 12-16"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 5: Awards and Recognitions"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","Series 5: Awards and Recognitions"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/1974"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1974"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":292,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"containers_ssim":["box 18","folder 12-16"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#2","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:07:16.781Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_600","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_600.xml","title_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"title_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1910-2012"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1910-2012"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1910/2012"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"text":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012","M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600","The collection is open for research.","The collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials \nSubseries:\n1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \n1.2 Reports \n1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\n1.4 Financial\n1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\n1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\n1.7 History\n1.8 Administrator's Materials\n1.9 Other Councils","Series 2: Camps\nSubseries:\t\n2.1 Camp Administration Materials\n2.2 General Camp Materials\n2.3 Camp Materials\n\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Series 4: Programming and Events\nSubseries:\n4.1 Anniversary Materials \n4.2 Regional Conferences \n4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \n4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \n\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\nSubseries:\n6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \n6.2 Slides \n6.3 Scrapbooks \n6.4 Audio-Visual\n\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\nSubseries:\n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \n\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n8.1 Artifacts\n8.2Ephemera","Series 9: Printed Materials","The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.","The Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.","In response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.","Camps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.","As of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed.","This collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats.","2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection.","The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials","Materials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.","1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.","1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.","1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.","1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.","1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.","1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.","1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.","1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.","Series 2: Camps","Most materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.","The Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.","2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.","2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.","2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.","Series 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Materials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.","Series 4: Programming and Events","These materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:","4.1 Anniversary Materials.","4.2 Regional Conferences.","4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.","4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.","Series 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Materials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. This series is arranged chronologically.","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material","This series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.","6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.","6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.","6.3 Scrapbooks.","6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.","Series 7: Textiles and Related Materials","Textiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.","Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera","This series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.","Series 9: Printed Materials","This series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.","Award for outstanding achievement in environmental Protection services, Ronald Reagan.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"collection_ssim":["Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia records, 1910/2012"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600"],"unitid_tesim":["M 400","/repositories/5/resources/600"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creator_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"creators_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated by The Commonwealth Council of Virginia Girl Scouts in two batches in 2011 and 2014."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["130 Linear Feet 118 Boxes"],"extent_tesim":["130 Linear Feet 118 Boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Council and Administrative Materials \n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.2 Reports\u003c/li\u003e \n\u003cli\u003e1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.4 Financial\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.7 History\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.8 Administrator's Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1.9 Other Councils\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nSeries 2: Camps\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\t\n\u003cli\u003e2.1 Camp Administration Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.2 General Camp Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2.3 Camp Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Programming and Events\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e4.1 Anniversary Materials \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.2 Regional Conferences \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.2 Slides \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.3 Scrapbooks \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e6.4 Audio-Visual\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\n\u003cul\u003eSubseries:\n\u003cli\u003e7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n\u003cli\u003e8.1 Artifacts\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e8.2Ephemera\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 9: Printed Materials\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged into nine series. Further information on the series, their contents and organization can be found in the Scope and Content note.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials \nSubseries:\n1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents \n1.2 Reports \n1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes\n1.4 Financial\n1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond\n1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials\n1.7 History\n1.8 Administrator's Materials\n1.9 Other Councils","Series 2: Camps\nSubseries:\t\n2.1 Camp Administration Materials\n2.2 General Camp Materials\n2.3 Camp Materials\n\nSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Series 4: Programming and Events\nSubseries:\n4.1 Anniversary Materials \n4.2 Regional Conferences \n4.3 National Conferences and Conventions \n4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials \n\nSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and A/V\nSubseries:\n6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums \n6.2 Slides \n6.3 Scrapbooks \n6.4 Audio-Visual\n\n \nSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\nSubseries:\n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles \n\t\nSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\nSubseries: \n8.1 Artifacts\n8.2Ephemera","Series 9: Printed Materials"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCamps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia Council began in 1963 following a merger between the Girl Scouts of Richmond and the Girl Scouts of Southside Virginia councils to provide more extensive services to Scouts in central Virginia. However, neither this council nor the two preceding it was the start of Girl Scouting in the area. There has been active Girl Scouting in Richmond prior to the official establishment of a council, though few records of the earliest days remain. Using Boy Scout manuals and enlisting the guidance of the director of the Richmond Boy Scouts, area girls recruited adult leaders and began informal scouting groups. In November 1913, the first official Girl Scout troop in Virginia, Pansy Troop Number 1, was formed in Highland Springs. Sponsored by the Women's Study Club for Right Living of Highland Springs, the troop was founded by Mrs. Kate G. Read and Mrs. Marion T. Read. This troop eventually split into two: Pansy Troop no. 1 and Pansy Troop no. 2, due to demand from local girls for membership.","The Girl Scouts of Richmond Council was formally organized on April 12, 1921 when the first Council Meeting was held at the Jefferson Hotel with 35 adult members, 11 troops, and 75 girls. The council received its official charter on May 10 of that year as the second chartered council in Virginia. Because of the Highland Springs troop's formation in 1913 and their inclusion in the Richmond Council, 1913 is commonly used for the date of inception for the Richmond Girl Scouts. In 1928, under the leadership of Commissioner Ruth Robertson McGuire, the Richmond Council was incorporated by the Girl Scouts of the United States of America.\nInitially, the Girl Scouts of Richmond was a racially exclusive organization, open only to white girls and women. Black Scouting in Richmond did not begin until 1932, when Troop 34, the first African American Girl Scout troop south of the Potomac River, was established. Mrs. Lena B. Watson of Virginia Union University (VUU) was instrumental in the group's formation  when she approached the Richmond council for permission to form a Black troop. Some council members  were supportive, but the council as a whole ultimately refused to consider it. The National Girl Scouting Headquarters became involved, forcing the Richmond council to allow the troop to form. In June 1932, the first Black troop formed at Hartshorn Hall at VUU with high school teacher Lavinia Banks as their leader.\nWhile Scouting in Richmond was developing, so too was Scouting in the southern part of Virginia. Hopewell formed its first troop in 1917, and many other troops in rural, semi-rural, and smaller urban areas followed. By 1942, the Petersburg Council organized, and the Hopewell Council formed in 1956, bringing many of the lone rural troops under the umbrella of a council. In 1958, the Hopewell Council merged with the Petersburg Council to form the Southside Council, bringing all troops in Southside Virginia Council services and support.","In response to rethinking the organization of Scouting in Virginia, the Richmond Council merged with the Southside Council to form the Commonwealth Council or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1962. During this time, troop integration became a reality for Virginia Girl Scouts. Integration began in 1963 with the Fort Lee troop. Black Scouts were allowed to participate at Camp Holly Dell for the first time, and by 1968 segregated troops were no more. \nOver the years, the councils that became the Commonwealth Council have provided programs and opportunities for girls to explore, learn, and build character through STEM, environmental stewardship, financial literacy, camping events, homemaking, and first aid. Citizenship was integral to Scouting from its inception. During World War I, Scouts entertained military troops at Fort Lee, and visited hospitals in morale-boosting calls. At least one scouting troop was so beloved for their service, that they were deemed honorary members of one of the units stationed at Fort Lee. In the Second World War, Scouts led scrap drives and defense preparedness activities. In addition to citizenship, Scouts raised awareness as well as money for their organization. In the earliest years of Scouting in Richmond, Scouts solicited donations by going door-to-door or having booths at fairs. In 1925, the Richmond Council became a member of the Community Chest, and could focus on other ways to fundraise. One successful fundraiser occurred when the troops brought John Philip Sousa and his band to Richmond, which raised a large amount of money for the organization and allowed the expansion of programs for the girls. The first cookie sale was in 1936, and approximately 11,694 pounds of cookies were sold, which allowed for expanded services, camping activities, and improved camping facilities. The annual event has been popular ever since, and continues to raise money for troop activities and support into the present day.","Camps have always been an important part of Girl Scouting. In the earliest years of the Richmond Council, white Girl Scouts used the Boy Scout camps for a few weeks every summer, but it soon became apparent that the girls needed their own camps. Eventually, the Richmond Council settled on a property in Bon Air, VA, that became Camp Pocahontas in 1928. Day Camps, held in conjunction with the YWCA, began in 1932.  Camp Pinoaka for Black Girl Scouts in Pocahontas State Park followed in 1936, and the Petersburg Council purchased Camp Holly Dell in Chesterfield in 1951. All three camps were eventually sold, and resources put into two other camps- Camp Kittamaqund, established in 1964 in the Northern Neck, and Camp Pamunkey Ridge in Hanover County. Smaller sleep-away camps, as well as day camps, were also scattered across the tri-city area and the state.","As of 2021, the Commonwealth Council, or the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia, is one of four councils in the state and serves over 17,500 girls and women in central Virginia, stretching from the cities of Emporia to Fredericksburg, with its headquarters in the greater Richmond area. It is governed by a Board of Directors, which is elected by delegates from the council membership. The Board is responsible for establishing policies, approving budgets, and setting the direction for the Council. The board consists of a Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, Treasurer, Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Members-at-Large, and two girl board members. The CEO and girl members are ex-officio, non-voting members. All serve two-year terms, and may not serve more than three consecutive terms, though the Chair is eligible to serve an additional three successive terms in another position. The Board conducts its business as the entire unit and in smaller committees, such as the Executive Committee, Finance Committee, Membership, and Program Committees. An Annual Meeting of the Board is held, and the Board continues to meet throughout the year, as do committees, as needed."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements"],"phystech_tesim":["This collection contains many different formats. Negatives will need a scanner or light box to be properly accessed. Video formats include 35 and 78mm film, BetaCam, VHS, and U-Matic video and will need the proper video players to access them. CDs and DVDs, as well as audio cassette, reel-to-reel tape, 78 and 45 rpm records, and mini-cassette are included for audio formats."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCommonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia records, 1910-2012, Collection number M 400, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia records, 1910-2012, Collection number M 400, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["2022: The collection was minimally processed prior to 2014. Beginning in 2020 and finishing in 2022, the collection was fully processe. This included consolidating materials, removing duplicates, deaccessioning widely-available publications, and processing the two accessions into one collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 1: Council and Administrative Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMaterials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 2: Camps\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMost materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 3: Troop Records and Related Materials \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 4: Programming and Events\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThese materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.1 Anniversary Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.2 Regional Conferences.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials \u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nMaterials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. \u003cbr\u003eThis series is arranged chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.3 Scrapbooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 7: Textiles and Related Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nTextiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 8: Artifacts and Ephemera\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.\n    \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries 9: Printed Materials\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\nThis series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eAward for outstanding achievement in environmental Protection services, Ronald Reagan.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia (GSCV) records are composed of documents, correspondence, photographs, audio-visual materials, textiles, and artifacts that chronicle the evolution of Girl Scouting in the greater Richmond, Virginia area and the creation of the Commonwealth Council. The collection ranges in date from approximately 1913 through 2012, with the bulk of the materials falling within 1924-2005.  The collection has been arranged into nine series.","Series 1: Council and Administrative Materials","Materials related to the running and administration of the GSCV are located in this series. These items include policies and procedures, financial records, GSCV and Girl Scouting history in VA, and correspondence. This series also contains policies and procedures as outlined by both the Girl Scouts of the USA and GSCV and its preceding entities.\nSeries 1 comprises nine subseries.","1.1 Policies, Procedures, and Administrative Documents.","1.2 Reports: \nSeries 1.2 contains reports written by, about, or for the Richmond/ Commonwealth Council of VA Girl Scouts. They are arranged by author type and chronologically therein. Self-reports are first, followed by National Girl Scout reports, and reports about but not by Girl Scout entities are last.","1.3 Meeting Materials and Minutes: \nMaterials pertaining to meetings are kept with their respective meetings. This includes notes, minutes, correspondence, and other meeting items. Additionally, information on the formation of Black troops in Richmond can be found in the minutes starting in 1931. These materials are arranged by Council/Board/Annual Meetings, which may have committee materials included in chronological order, followed by solo committee materials, arranged alphabetically and then chronologically.","1.4 Financial: \nIncludes financial records and audits, both for the Council, as well as local troops. Series 1.4 is arranged chronologically.","1.5 United Way of Greater Richmond.","1.6 Correspondence and Printed Administrative Materials.","1.7 History: \nMany materials relate to the history of Black Scouting in Richmond, the earliest records of Girl Scouting in Richmond, general history, and the records of the councils that preceded the Girl Scouts of the Commonwealth of Virginia.","1.8 Administrator's Materials: \nThese materials contain the individual correspondence and effects of administrators in their work as scouts or representatives of the GSCV.","1.9 Other Councils: \nMaterials from Councils outside of GSCV and its preceding councils are included here.","Series 2: Camps","Most materials relating to camps run by GSVA are maintained in this series. Items like photographs and scrapbooks relating to camping or specific camps are listed in their respective subseries, but housed with other photographs and scrapbooks. Slides, books, as well as photographs that may pertain to a camp, but are not identified as such may be listed or found in Series 6: A/V or in Series 9: Printed.","The Series has been broken into nine subseries, most of which pertain to individual camps.","2.1 Camp Administration Materials: \nAdditional materials relating to the administration of camps may also be found in Series 1.","2.2 General Camp Materials:\nGeneral materials not related to the administration of camps as a whole, or of individual camps without their own subseries are contained here.","2.3 Camp Materials:\nContains materials from individual camps. This series is arranged alphabetically by camp, and chronologically therein. Camps include: Day Camps, Holly Dell, Kittamaqund, Pamunkey Ridge, Pine Grove, Pinoaka, Pocahontas.","Series 3: Troop Records and Related Materials","Materials that are related to specific troops are housed in this series. These items in this series include correspondence, financial records, speeches, clippings, photographs, and scrapbooks. Materials related to finances are contained in series 1.4: Financial. The bulk of Dorothy Armstrong's donation to the GSCV is housed in this series. Materials such as clippings, scrapbooks, and photographs are physically housed with like-materials.","Series 4: Programming and Events","These materials relate to programs and events created or attended by GSCV troops or members. These include regional and national conferences and conventions, Girl Scout Week, \"Wider Opportunity,\" and GS Cookie Week, as well as events like Youth Expos, fashion shows, visits by dignitaries, and breakfasts. This series and its subseries are arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.\n    \nThis series has been divided into four subseries as follows:","4.1 Anniversary Materials.","4.2 Regional Conferences.","4.3 National Conferences and Conventions.","4.4 General Event Programs and Related Materials.","Series 5: Awards, Recognitions, and Related Materials","Materials that document awards and recognitions received or given by GSCV and its members are kept in this series. This includes awards-related correspondence, applications, and the award, certificate, or proclamation itself. This series is arranged chronologically.","Series 6: Photographs, Slides, and Audio-Visual Material","This series contains photographs and scrapbooks that did not fit with other series. It also contains slides and audio-visual materials consisting of audio cassettes, 45 and 33 rpm records, compact disks, DVDs, VHS, and film reels. Scrapbooks can contain photographs, newspaper clippings, article clippings, pamphlets, and tickets. Materials are grouped by type, and an effort has been made to arrange them in chronological order; many dates are approximate. \t\t\n    Photographs are in black and white unless otherwise noted until approximately 1962; after 1992, photographs are in color unless noted.\n    \nThis series is arranged into five subseries.","6.1 Photographs and Photograph Albums.","6.2 Slides: \nThis subseries contains slides from the 1950s through the 2000s. They are arranged alphabetically, and chronologically therein.","6.3 Scrapbooks.","6.5 Audio-Visual: \nThis subseries contains film reels, video cassettes, DVDs, audio CDs and audiocassettes, and 45 and 33 rpm records.","Series 7: Textiles and Related Materials","Textiles and related materials such as hats, belts, shoes, catalogs, and information on uniforms are kept in this series. There are multiple complete Brownie and Girl Scouts uniforms from various points in the history of the Scouts maintained in this series. Some patches, pins, and badges that are attached to sashes are in this series. Individual patches and some older textiles may also be located in Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera.\n    \n7.1 Textile and Uniform Information and Records: \nThis subseries contains materials that relay information about the uniforms: their evolution, their production, and items such as catalogs and patterns.\n    \n7.2 Uniforms and Textiles.","Series 8: Artifacts and Ephemera","This series houses artifacts from the history of the Girl Scouts in Virginia. Of particular interest are items like Girl Scout paper dolls, a branded Brownie Camera, canteens and collapsible camping cups, patches and badges, and Girl Scout pins. There are also multiple items of ephemera such as Girl Scout cookie boxes and stationery.","Series 9: Printed Materials","This series contains books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, newsletters and other printed items, loose newspaper and magazine clippings. The publisher is either the Girl Scouts, the GSCV, or an outside entity. This series is arranged alphabetically by topic (annual events, Cookie Sale, handbooks, etc.) and/or title and chronologically therein. Of particular note is the wide array of Girl Scout booklets and the \"Newsletters\" section, which contains an early extended run of \"The Girl Scout Leader\" from approximately 1932-1940, as well as runs of \"Trefoil,\" \"Girl Scout News,\" \"Images,\" and \"LEaDS\" from 1982-1999.","Award for outstanding achievement in environmental Protection services, Ronald Reagan."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"names_coll_ssim":["Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Commonwealth Council of the Girl Scouts of Virginia"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1502,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:07:16.781Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_600_c05_c03"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591_c01_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Awards, n.d., 1965","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_591_c01_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591_c01_c03","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_591_c01_c03"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591_c01_c03","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591_c01","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591_c01","parent_ssim":["Eleanor P. Sheppard papers, 1924/1978","Series I-Personal and Civic materials, n.d., 1954/1970"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_591","vircu_repositories_5_resources_591_c01"],"title_filing_ssi":"Awards, n.d.","title_ssm":["Awards, n.d."],"title_tesim":["Awards, n.d."],"normalized_title_ssm":["Awards, n.d., 1965"],"text":["Awards, n.d., 1965","Eleanor P. Sheppard papers, 1924/1978","Series I-Personal and Civic materials, n.d., 1954/1970","box 1"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Eleanor P. Sheppard papers, 1924/1978","Series I-Personal and Civic materials, n.d., 1954/1970"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Eleanor P. Sheppard papers, 1924/1978","Series I-Personal and Civic materials, n.d., 1954/1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":4,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Eleanor P. Sheppard papers, 1924/1978"],"containers_ssim":["box 1"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1965],"_nest_path_":"/components#0/components#2","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:07:16.781Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_591","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_591.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sheppard, Eleanor P., papers","title_ssm":["Eleanor P. Sheppard papers"],"title_tesim":["Eleanor P. Sheppard papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1924-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1924-1978"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1924/1978"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Eleanor P. Sheppard papers, 1924/1978"],"text":["Eleanor P. Sheppard papers, 1924/1978","M 277","/repositories/5/resources/591","Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women politicians -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women mayors -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women legislators -- Virginia","Collection is open to research.","Collection is arranged alphabetically. Series I: Personal and Civic materials (n.d., 1954-1970) ; Series II: City Council (n.d., 1924-1968); Series III: General Assembly (n.d., 1967-1978) ; Series IV: Oversize materials (n.d., 1954- 1975 from series I and II) ; Series V: Programs and Publications.","A native of Pelham, Georgia, Eleanor Parker attended Limestone College. She married Thomas E. Sheppard in 1928 and lived in Georgia and Arizona before moving to Richmond in 1936. Mrs. Sheppard began her political career through her activities with the Ginter Park PTA. In 1954, when she was president of the Richmond Federation of PTAs and a member of the Council of Women's Organizations, she ran for City Council. She served on the Richmond City Council from 1954 until 1968. During her tenure on council she became Richmond's first woman vice mayor (1960-1962) and later mayor (1962-1964). She left Council in 1968 to run for the Virginia House of Delegates, where she represented Richmond until March 1977. Mrs. Sheppard became the first chairwoman of a Virginia General Assembly committee in 1974 when she assumed the leadership of the House Education Committee. She also served on the Finance and Health, Welfare and Institutions committees. Mrs. Sheppard was honored by numerous groups toward the end of her active career for her many contributions to the community. She died 14 March 1991 after a long illness.","The collection covers Mrs. Sheppard's civic and political career from the mid 1950s until 1978. The issues covered include education, city planning and development and various bills proposed in the General Assembly. Materials include correspondence, reports, speeches, campaign documents, statements, photographs, publications and a vast quantity of newspaper clippings (to be indexed). Photographs have been transferred to RG 60, Box . The collection was very disorganized when received and the order described below was established by the library. The collection originally contained a vast number of name tags, buttons, business cards and souvenirs. All but representative samples have been disposed of.","Elizabeth","Bernard, Louise","Bliley, Thomas J., Jr.","Bliss, Mrs. Terry","Brawley, Eleanor","Brothers, J. David","Bryan, D. Tennant","Cardwell, Charles P., Jr.","Cephas, B. Addison, Jr.","Crandall, Dr. Paul","Crater, Flora","Crowe, Merrill M.","Daniel, William V.","Du Val, Chalkley","Emroughty, J.M.","Forb, Nathan J.","Gillespie, J. Samuel, Jr.","Gold, Rev. William","Graham, Arthur","Grey, Robert J.","Grimsley, James","Hancock, Coalter Cabell","Harns, Burt I.","Harrison, Arthur","Hechler, Katheryne","James, Mrs. Allix","Johnson, Julius R.","Johnston, J. Ambler","Kilgore, Ann","Kittenplan, Mrs. Philip","Lasday, Mrs. Albert","Lawrence, Eleanor A.","Mackenzie, Ross","Madden, John B.","Marshall, George C.","Maxwell, Sarah","McNamara, T.R.","Meacham, Harry M.","Mebane, R. Alan","Meir, Golda","Moody, George","Moore, Hullihen, W.","Morris, Philip","Newman, Mrs. Cynthia","Nichols,Walter","Orndoff, J.M.,Jr.","Pollard, Jane DeJarnette","Rennie, Wayland W.","Rhee, Syngman Robertson, William B.","Robins, Claiborne","Rountrey, James","Satterfield, Blanche","Scott, Mrs. Marion","Shackleford, Lorraine M.","Simons, Helen Stone, Mara","Stratton, John","Strauss, Lewis","Thompson, Aubrey H.","Thompson, William M., Jr.","Valentine, Henry L.","Wayne, Edward A.","Wheat, James C.","White, Rebecca Clark","Willett, Henry I.","Wood, Mary Elizabeth","1954-1955, 1957-1958, 1960, 1963-1965, 1967","1924, 1929, 1954-1961, 1967","1964, 1966, 1968, 1970-1971, 1974-1977","1955-1959, 1962-1969, 1971, 1973-1974, 1976-1978","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Sheppard, Eleanor P. (Eleanor Parker), 1907-1991","English\n."],"collection_title_tesim":["Eleanor P. Sheppard papers, 1924/1978"],"collection_ssim":["Eleanor P. 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(Eleanor Parker), 1907-1991","VCU James Branch Cabell Library"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women politicians -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women mayors -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women legislators -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Women civic leaders -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women politicians -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women mayors -- Virginia -- Richmond","Women legislators -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["16 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["16 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is arranged alphabetically. Series I: Personal and Civic materials (n.d., 1954-1970) ; Series II: City Council (n.d., 1924-1968); Series III: General Assembly (n.d., 1967-1978) ; Series IV: Oversize materials (n.d., 1954- 1975 from series I and II) ; Series V: Programs and Publications.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Collection is arranged alphabetically. Series I: Personal and Civic materials (n.d., 1954-1970) ; Series II: City Council (n.d., 1924-1968); Series III: General Assembly (n.d., 1967-1978) ; Series IV: Oversize materials (n.d., 1954- 1975 from series I and II) ; Series V: Programs and Publications."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA native of Pelham, Georgia, Eleanor Parker attended Limestone College. She married Thomas E. Sheppard in 1928 and lived in Georgia and Arizona before moving to Richmond in 1936. Mrs. Sheppard began her political career through her activities with the Ginter Park PTA. In 1954, when she was president of the Richmond Federation of PTAs and a member of the Council of Women's Organizations, she ran for City Council. She served on the Richmond City Council from 1954 until 1968. During her tenure on council she became Richmond's first woman vice mayor (1960-1962) and later mayor (1962-1964). She left Council in 1968 to run for the Virginia House of Delegates, where she represented Richmond until March 1977. Mrs. Sheppard became the first chairwoman of a Virginia General Assembly committee in 1974 when she assumed the leadership of the House Education Committee. She also served on the Finance and Health, Welfare and Institutions committees. Mrs. Sheppard was honored by numerous groups toward the end of her active career for her many contributions to the community. She died 14 March 1991 after a long illness.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["A native of Pelham, Georgia, Eleanor Parker attended Limestone College. She married Thomas E. Sheppard in 1928 and lived in Georgia and Arizona before moving to Richmond in 1936. Mrs. Sheppard began her political career through her activities with the Ginter Park PTA. In 1954, when she was president of the Richmond Federation of PTAs and a member of the Council of Women's Organizations, she ran for City Council. She served on the Richmond City Council from 1954 until 1968. During her tenure on council she became Richmond's first woman vice mayor (1960-1962) and later mayor (1962-1964). She left Council in 1968 to run for the Virginia House of Delegates, where she represented Richmond until March 1977. Mrs. Sheppard became the first chairwoman of a Virginia General Assembly committee in 1974 when she assumed the leadership of the House Education Committee. She also served on the Finance and Health, Welfare and Institutions committees. Mrs. Sheppard was honored by numerous groups toward the end of her active career for her many contributions to the community. She died 14 March 1991 after a long illness."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEleanor P. Sheppard papers, Collection # M 277, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Eleanor P. Sheppard papers, Collection # M 277, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection covers Mrs. Sheppard's civic and political career from the mid 1950s until 1978. The issues covered include education, city planning and development and various bills proposed in the General Assembly. Materials include correspondence, reports, speeches, campaign documents, statements, photographs, publications and a vast quantity of newspaper clippings (to be indexed). Photographs have been transferred to RG 60, Box . The collection was very disorganized when received and the order described below was established by the library. The collection originally contained a vast number of name tags, buttons, business cards and souvenirs. All but representative samples have been disposed of.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eElizabeth \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBernard, Louise \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBliley, Thomas J., Jr. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBliss, Mrs. Terry \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrawley, Eleanor \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrothers, J. David \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBryan, D. 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The issues covered include education, city planning and development and various bills proposed in the General Assembly. Materials include correspondence, reports, speeches, campaign documents, statements, photographs, publications and a vast quantity of newspaper clippings (to be indexed). Photographs have been transferred to RG 60, Box . The collection was very disorganized when received and the order described below was established by the library. The collection originally contained a vast number of name tags, buttons, business cards and souvenirs. All but representative samples have been disposed of.","Elizabeth","Bernard, Louise","Bliley, Thomas J., Jr.","Bliss, Mrs. Terry","Brawley, Eleanor","Brothers, J. David","Bryan, D. Tennant","Cardwell, Charles P., Jr.","Cephas, B. Addison, Jr.","Crandall, Dr. Paul","Crater, Flora","Crowe, Merrill M.","Daniel, William V.","Du Val, Chalkley","Emroughty, J.M.","Forb, Nathan J.","Gillespie, J. Samuel, Jr.","Gold, Rev. 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Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","The files in this series are arranged with correspondence to individuals appearing first and correspondence with corporate entities appearing next.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 27.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 29.","Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)","Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.","The U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.","After Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.","Bosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.","Bosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.","Bosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.","Dr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)","Lewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.","Bosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.","Health problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.","Dr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)","Isaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.","Bigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.","Bigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center.","The papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.","Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.","Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.","Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.","Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.","Re: Surgical assistant","Re: Recruitment of Dr. Brooks.","Re: Tube fabric oxygenator.","Re: Norland Fund request for medical equipment.","Re: Correspondence and inquiries.","Re: Physician's assistant recruitment.","Re: Letters detailing the issues between Dr. Hume and Bosher for Dabney's book, Virginia Commonwealth University: A Sesquicentennial History.","Re: Bosher to write a chapter for Daughtry's book on chest trauma.","Re: Gibbon screen oxygenator and coronary perfusion apparatus.","The correspondence is not from Haun, but rather about Bosher arranging a visit for Haun to the Congenital Heart Disease Research and Training Center in Chicago.","Re: The use of ethylene oxide sterilization, blood vessel banks, and deep freeze preservation.","Editor of the Richmond News Leader, letters regarding the Foggy Days at MCV article.","Re: Experiments with artificial hearts in calves.","Re: congenital heart disease cases","Re: Great Ormand Street Hospital for Children, London, regarding congenital heart disease.","Research fellow at MCV, sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Re: McGuire's work with Bosher on myocardial function that was sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Myles worked as an operating room nurse for Bosher.","Research fellow at MCV.","Re: Advice on issues of sterilization and preservation of arterial homografts.","Re: Membrane oxygenator.","Re: Training in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.","Re: Second Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.","Re: Hollow fiber blood oxygenator.","Re: Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms.","Re: Letters regarding the planning and construction of the new tuberculosis hospital for African Americans in Richmond, Virginia.","Re: Requirements for an open heart program in a community hospital","Re: Development of a cardiac surgery program.","Bosher requested that remaining fund be given to his secretary Frances Longaker for her 28 years of service.","Re: Donation letters, primarily for books donated to the medical library","Re: Thoracic surgery service at McGuire Veterans Hospital.","Re: Fellowships provided through the Association.","Re: Request for funds for studies and equipment","Contains citations of papers presented at formal medical meetings, the text of some paper discussions, and associated correspondence.","Correspondence and forms related to Bosher's employment at MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital.","Suit regarding gross receipts tax on compensation for duties at McGuire Veteran Hospital. Suit was in Bosher's favor and the decision was upheld by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia.","Correspondence filed together by Bosher which captures some of the conflicts between Bosher and Hume over issues such as the thoracic surgical service and space problems.","Correspondence and associated paperwork related to Bosher's attempts to gain approval for a one year residency training program in thoracic surgery at MCV.","Correspondence between Bosher and his colleagues on these two subjects.","Policies and correspondence regarding clinics.","General correspondence between Bosher, his colleagues, and the administration at MCV.","Correspondence primarily from the time when Dr. Lazar J. Greenfield became head of the department after the death of Dr. David Hume.","Correspondence with William F. Tompkins of the Space Committee and others over office space concerns.","Correspondence, plans, and specifications related to the conversion of MCV-West, 11th Floor, East Wing to operating rooms and additional facilities for thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Correspondence related to funding and progress of the project; includes a photograph of a coronary perfusion unit.","Contains papers relating to Bosher's service on the Medical Curriculum Committee, letters regarding teaching methods, and other related items.","Memos and other correspondence related to scheduling, equipment, and procedures.","Black and white photographs of Drs. Isaac A. Bigger, Barney Brooks, and Beverly Douglas","Listing of residents by year and a 1976 memo outlining resident rotations.","Correspondence and memos detailing the duties of nurses in thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Relating mostly to the Volemetron computer used for determining blood volume.","Trips to London (1968) to visit other vascular surgeons and Japan (1974) for the 2nd Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Includes some unidentified surgery photographs related to the trips","Copies of letters written by Bosher to various colleagues announcing his retirement from MVC.","Re: Bosher's consultation for a malpractice case.","Contains the responses from the various programs about placement of a resident for a one year.","A lecture delivered to a group at St. Stephen's Church, Richmond, Virginia.","Correspondence collected by Bosher from family and friends of Dr. Bigger since according to Bosher most of Bigger's papers were lost, discarded, or destroyed.","Copies or reprints of articles written by Dr. Bigger.","The letter from 1946 was to Drs. Shelton Horsley and Isaac Bigger from Z.M. Ma of China. The surgeon expressed how valuable their book Operative Surgery had been for him. Bosher attempted to contact Ma while writing the sketch.","Contains copies of resolutions written on the death of members of the Academy. The file includes resolutions written about doctors who were contemporaries of Bigger.","This file contains a few items related Bosher's tenure at MCV including an Annual Catalogue for the 1981-1892 session, a list of genito-urinary patients with diagnosis and treatment, September 1914 - January 1915, and an invitation to a banquet at the Jefferson Hotel given by Bosher to meet the class of 1919.","Items such as articles about Lewis C. Bosher collected by Lewis H. Bosher in anticipation of writing a historical sketch of his great uncle.","Reprints of two journal articles and medical advertisements related to Bosher's area of medicine.","Reprint of a journal article by Lewis C. Bosher.","The manuscript covers the subject of angiorraphy and probably dates from around 1913.","VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers, 1891/1994"],"collection_ssim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. papers, 1891/1994"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9"],"unitid_tesim":["1997.Jul.8","/repositories/3/resources/9"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"creator_ssm":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creator_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae"],"creators_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)","VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Gift of Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Surgeons -- History -- 20th century -- Virginia -- Richmond","General Surgery -- Virginia."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["4 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["4 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eThe files in this series are arranged with correspondence to individuals appearing first and correspondence with corporate entities appearing next.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiled according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 27.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFiled according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 29.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994 -- Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979 -- Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979 -- Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979 -- Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987 -- Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986 -- Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials, circa 1913. Efforts have been made to maintain the original file organization. Numerous files labeled \"miscellaneous\" were merged with the existing files and some similar files, such as those on thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, were merged together. Files are arranged alphabetically within each series and materials within the files are arranged chronologically where applicable.","The files in this series are arranged with correspondence to individuals appearing first and correspondence with corporate entities appearing next.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 27.","Filed according to Bosher's order as signified by a number at the top of each document. A comprehensive list made by Bosher appears at the beginning of folder 29."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHealth problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eDr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIsaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. (b. 1914)","Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr. was born in Richmond, Virginia on January 19, 1914 to Lewis Hinton Bosher (1884-1980) and Roberta Ashby Smith Bosher (1886-1973). He attended St. Christopher's School in Richmond and then the University of Virginia (UVA) where he received a B.S. degree in 1936. At UVA he was a member of Phi Beta Kappa Honor Society and The Raven Society. Bosher pursued his medical education at Harvard Medical School and was awarded his M.D. in 1940.","The U.S. entered World War II while Bosher was serving as an assistant resident in surgery at Bellevue Hospital. He joined the Army Medical Corps in 1942, and was assigned to several stateside station hospitals from 1942-1943. In 1944, he was sent to Europe where he served in the First General Hospital until 1944, and then the Fourth Auxiliary Surgical Group. His final transfer was in 1945 to McGuire General Hospital in Virginia. The Army discharged Bosher in 1946 with the rank of Major.","After Bosher was discharged from the Army he served a surgical residency at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) from 1946 to 1947. He then pursued additional postdoctoral training in general surgery at the Lahey Clinic in Massachusetts and thoracic surgery at Barnes Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. Bosher returned to MCV in 1950 as an assistant professor in the Department of Surgery. He was promoted to associate professor in 1954 and to full professor in 1974. Bosher retired from academic medicine in 1979 and began a private practice. Bosher partnered with Dr. Harold Jay Levinson to establish cardiac surgery programs at Chippenham and Henrico Doctors' Hospitals. Bosher Auditorium in Chippenham Hospital is named in his honor.","Bosher spent the majority of his career at MCV and received high praise from numerous colleagues for his solid teaching abilities, commitment to the profession, and care and compassion for his patients. However, his tenure at MCV was not without some controversy. Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, head of the Department of Surgery, established a division of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery and made Bosher chief of the division. Bigger died in 1955 and was replaced by Dr. David Hume. Bosher did not always agree with Hume's administrative decisions and they became embroiled in a protracted conflict when Hume abolished Bosher's division in 1958. The Board of Visitors had never formalized Bigger's creation of the division, so Hume interpreted this to mean it never officially existed. The conflict appeared to be resolved in 1962 when the Board admonished Bosher for his defiance of Hume's authority, but they recognized Bosher's authority in the area of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Bosher was made chair of the section of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery in 1962. However in 1964 Hume decided to replace the section with a division of thoracic and cardiac surgery and appointed Dr. Richard Lower chair rather than Bosher.","Bosher maintained membership in numerous honorary, professional, and scientific societies including American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Heart Associations, American Medical Association, American Society for Artificial internal Organs, International Cardiovascular Society, Medical Society of Virginia, New York Academy of Science, Richmond Academy of Medicine, Richmond Area Heart Association (board of directors, president, 1961-1962), Society for Vascular Surgeons, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Southern Surgical Association, Southern Thoracic Surgical Association (president, 1963-1964), Virginia Academy of Science, Virginia Heart Association (board of directors), Virginia Surgical Society, and Virginia Thoracic Society. Bosher also served as associate editor (1952-1953) and editor (1954-1955) of Virginia Medical Monthly.","Bosher married Blanche Kenny Smith of Bourbon County, Kentucky in 1947. They had four children.","Dr. Lewis C. Bosher (1860-1920)","Lewis Crenshaw Bosher, a physician and medical professor, was born on February 17, 1860 in Richmond, Virginia to Robert H. Bosher and Elizabeth Eubank Bosher. Bosher earned his medical degree from the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1883 and received postgraduate training in surgery at Mount Sinai and Bellevue Hospitals in New York. Bosher returned to MCV in 1884 serving as demonstrator of anatomy. He was promoted to professor of anatomy and clinical lecturer on genito-urinary surgery in 1888, professor of the practice of surgery and clinical surgery in 1896, and professor of surgery in 1897. In 1910 Bosher chaired a joint committee whose purpose was to negotiate the merger of the University College of Medicine with MCV, which occurred in 1913. After the merger Bosher accepted the newly created position of professor of genito-urinary surgery.","Bosher was very active in the Richmond medical community. He maintained a private practice while on the faculty at MCV. In 1893 he served as deputy coroner of Richmond. He also chaired the hospital committee for Old Dominion Hospital in the late 1890s, assisted in the planning of Memorial Hospital which opened in 1903, and was a cofounder of Stuart Circle Hospital in 1913. Bosher was also engaged in several professional societies. He served as president of the Richmond Academy of Medicine and Surgery, 1901-1902, first vice president of the Medical Society of Virginia, 1904-1905, and president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1905.","Health problems led Bosher to resign from his faculty position at MCV in March of 1916. He passed away in his Richmond, Virginia home on September 12, 1920 and was buried in Hollywood Cemetery. Bosher never married. He was the great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher (b. 1914), also a physician and faculty member at MCV.","Dr. Isaac A. Bigger (1893-1955)","Isaac Alexander Bigger was born in Bethel, South Carolina on June 25, 1893. He was one of five children born to Isaac A. and Mary Neel Johnston Bigger. He attended Erskine College for one year and then transferred to Davidson College. He entered the University of Virginia (UVA) in 1914 for medical school. Bigger suffered from bronchial asthma and this ailment combined with injuries sustained during a sleepwalking incident slowed his medical education. He eventually graduated from UVA in 1919.","Bigger was on the surgical staff of both UVA and Vanderbilt University before he came to the Medical College of Virginia (MCV) in 1930. He was appointed the first full time professor of surgery at MCV. Bigger was a noted surgeon who developed many surgical innovations while working tirelessly with students, residents, and patients. He contributed over fifty articles to medical literature and coauthored Operative Surgery with J. Shelton Horsley in 1937.","Bigger's health began to deteriorate in 1953. He was hospitalized several times and eventually died of complications resulting from his asthma in 1955. The Isaac A. Bigger Medal, presented to a surgical resident for integrity, leadership, teaching, and clinical ability is awarded annually in memory of Dr. Bigger at the VCU Medical Center."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr., Accession # 1997/Jul/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of Dr. Lewis Hinton Bosher, Jr., Accession # 1997/Jul/8, Special Collections and Archives, Health Sciences Library, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.\u003c/p\u003e  ","\u003cp\u003eRe: Surgical assistant\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Recruitment of Dr. Brooks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Tube fabric oxygenator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Norland Fund request for medical equipment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Correspondence and inquiries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Physician's assistant recruitment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Letters detailing the issues between Dr. Hume and Bosher for Dabney's book, \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eVirginia Commonwealth University: A Sesquicentennial History.\u003c/title\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Bosher to write a chapter for Daughtry's book on chest trauma.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Gibbon screen oxygenator and coronary perfusion apparatus.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe correspondence is not from Haun, but rather about Bosher arranging a visit for Haun to the Congenital Heart Disease Research and Training Center in Chicago.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: The use of ethylene oxide sterilization, blood vessel banks, and deep freeze preservation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEditor of the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eRichmond News Leader\u003c/title\u003e, letters regarding the \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"doublequote\" href=\"\"\u003eFoggy Days at MCV\u003c/title\u003e article.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Experiments with artificial hearts in calves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: congenital heart disease cases\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Great Ormand Street Hospital for Children, London, regarding congenital heart disease.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch fellow at MCV, sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: McGuire's work with Bosher on myocardial function that was sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMyles worked as an operating room nurse for Bosher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResearch fellow at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Advice on issues of sterilization and preservation of arterial homografts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Membrane oxygenator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Training in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Second Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Hollow fiber blood oxygenator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Letters regarding the planning and construction of the new tuberculosis hospital for African Americans in Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Requirements for an open heart program in a community hospital\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Development of a cardiac surgery program.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBosher requested that remaining fund be given to his secretary Frances Longaker for her 28 years of service.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Donation letters, primarily for books donated to the medical library\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Thoracic surgery service at McGuire Veterans Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Fellowships provided through the Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Request for funds for studies and equipment\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains citations of papers presented at formal medical meetings, the text of some paper discussions, and associated correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and forms related to Bosher's employment at MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSuit regarding gross receipts tax on compensation for duties at McGuire Veteran Hospital. Suit was in Bosher's favor and the decision was upheld by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence filed together by Bosher which captures some of the conflicts between Bosher and Hume over issues such as the thoracic surgical service and space problems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and associated paperwork related to Bosher's attempts to gain approval for a one year residency training program in thoracic surgery at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence between Bosher and his colleagues on these two subjects.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePolicies and correspondence regarding clinics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGeneral correspondence between Bosher, his colleagues, and the administration at MCV.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence primarily from the time when Dr. Lazar J. Greenfield became head of the department after the death of Dr. David Hume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence with William F. Tompkins of the Space Committee and others over office space concerns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence, plans, and specifications related to the conversion of MCV-West, 11th Floor, East Wing to operating rooms and additional facilities for thoracic and cardiac surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence related to funding and progress of the project; includes a photograph of a coronary perfusion unit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains papers relating to Bosher's service on the Medical Curriculum Committee, letters regarding teaching methods, and other related items.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMemos and other correspondence related to scheduling, equipment, and procedures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographs of Drs. Isaac A. Bigger, Barney Brooks, and Beverly Douglas\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eListing of residents by year and a 1976 memo outlining resident rotations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence and memos detailing the duties of nurses in thoracic and cardiac surgery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelating mostly to the Volemetron computer used for determining blood volume.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTrips to London (1968) to visit other vascular surgeons and Japan (1974) for the 2nd Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Includes some unidentified surgery photographs related to the trips\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies of letters written by Bosher to various colleagues announcing his retirement from MVC.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRe: Bosher's consultation for a malpractice case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains the responses from the various programs about placement of a resident for a one year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA lecture delivered to a group at St. Stephen's Church, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence collected by Bosher from family and friends of Dr. Bigger since according to Bosher most of Bigger's papers were lost, discarded, or destroyed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopies or reprints of articles written by Dr. Bigger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe letter from 1946 was to Drs. Shelton Horsley and Isaac Bigger from Z.M. Ma of China. The surgeon expressed how valuable their book \u003ctitle type=\"simple\" render=\"italic\" href=\"\"\u003eOperative Surgery\u003c/title\u003e had been for him. Bosher attempted to contact Ma while writing the sketch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains copies of resolutions written on the death of members of the Academy. The file includes resolutions written about doctors who were contemporaries of Bigger.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file contains a few items related Bosher's tenure at MCV including an Annual Catalogue for the 1981-1892 session, a list of genito-urinary patients with diagnosis and treatment, September 1914 - January 1915, and an invitation to a banquet at the Jefferson Hotel given by Bosher to meet the class of 1919.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eItems such as articles about Lewis C. Bosher collected by Lewis H. Bosher in anticipation of writing a historical sketch of his great uncle.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprints of two journal articles and medical advertisements related to Bosher's area of medicine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReprint of a journal article by Lewis C. Bosher.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe manuscript covers the subject of angiorraphy and probably dates from around 1913.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Dr. Lewis H. Bosher are primarily items relating to his professional work as a surgeon and a member of the faculty at the Medical College of Virginia (MCV).The majority of his papers are made up of correspondence and also includes some journal articles, newspaper clippings, and photographs. Bosher's papers also contains materials he collected to write a biographical sketch of fellow surgeon Dr. Isaac A. Bigger, and items from his great uncle, Dr. Lewis C. Bosher, including his lecture notes from 1905.","Series 1: Correspondence, 1945-1994. This series is comprised of correspondence that Bosher exchanged with numerous colleagues regarding the practice of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Often they are trading information on techniques and problems as well as discussing various types of equipment used in surgery such as oxygenators and coronary perfusion pumps. Also there is correspondence with medical supply companies, other hospitals, and various medical organizations with whom Bosher was involved.","Series 2: Professional Papers, 1936-1979. This series is composed of materials such as Bosher's curriculum vitae, employment information from MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital, journal articles, lectures, presentations, reports, and unpublished works.","Series 3: MCV Papers, 1949-1979. This series is composed primarily of correspondence and related materials pertaining to Bosher's tenure at MCV. Of particular interest are the three folders of correspondence labeled \"Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1949-1979.\" It spans Bosher's entire career at MCV and provides insight into the evolution of that service.","Series 4: Subject Files, 1951-1979. These files contain correspondence, data, and notes maintained by Bosher on subjects that related to his work in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery.","Series 5: Bigger Biographical Sketch Project, 1923-1987. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery asked Bosher to write a biographical sketch of Dr. Isaac A. Bigger. This series contains the research conducted by Bosher to complete the sketch. Items include correspondence with family, friends, and colleagues of Bigger, copies of his medical articles, and information gleaned from other sources such as newspapers and organizations to which Bigger belonged. Two copies of the completed sketch and the accompanying appendix are also included in the series.","Series 6: Dr. Lewis C. Bosher Materials, 1891-1986. Items in this series belonged to Lewis C. Bosher, great uncle of Lewis H. Bosher. He was a Richmond physician and on the faculty of MCV. This series includes Bosher's lecture notes on genito-urinary surgery, venereal disease, and special fractures, journal articles, and miscellaneous items relating to MCV.","Series 7: Miscellaneous Materials. This series contains an unpublished manuscript on the subject of angiorraphy. Based on the citations it appears to have been written circa 1913. The title page is missing and there is no indication of who is the author.","Re: Surgical assistant","Re: Recruitment of Dr. Brooks.","Re: Tube fabric oxygenator.","Re: Norland Fund request for medical equipment.","Re: Correspondence and inquiries.","Re: Physician's assistant recruitment.","Re: Letters detailing the issues between Dr. Hume and Bosher for Dabney's book, Virginia Commonwealth University: A Sesquicentennial History.","Re: Bosher to write a chapter for Daughtry's book on chest trauma.","Re: Gibbon screen oxygenator and coronary perfusion apparatus.","The correspondence is not from Haun, but rather about Bosher arranging a visit for Haun to the Congenital Heart Disease Research and Training Center in Chicago.","Re: The use of ethylene oxide sterilization, blood vessel banks, and deep freeze preservation.","Editor of the Richmond News Leader, letters regarding the Foggy Days at MCV article.","Re: Experiments with artificial hearts in calves.","Re: congenital heart disease cases","Re: Great Ormand Street Hospital for Children, London, regarding congenital heart disease.","Research fellow at MCV, sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Re: McGuire's work with Bosher on myocardial function that was sponsored by the Virginia Heart Association.","Myles worked as an operating room nurse for Bosher.","Research fellow at MCV.","Re: Advice on issues of sterilization and preservation of arterial homografts.","Re: Membrane oxygenator.","Re: Training in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.","Re: Second Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery.","Re: Hollow fiber blood oxygenator.","Re: Surgical treatment of dissecting aneurysms.","Re: Letters regarding the planning and construction of the new tuberculosis hospital for African Americans in Richmond, Virginia.","Re: Requirements for an open heart program in a community hospital","Re: Development of a cardiac surgery program.","Bosher requested that remaining fund be given to his secretary Frances Longaker for her 28 years of service.","Re: Donation letters, primarily for books donated to the medical library","Re: Thoracic surgery service at McGuire Veterans Hospital.","Re: Fellowships provided through the Association.","Re: Request for funds for studies and equipment","Contains citations of papers presented at formal medical meetings, the text of some paper discussions, and associated correspondence.","Correspondence and forms related to Bosher's employment at MCV and McGuire Veteran's Hospital.","Suit regarding gross receipts tax on compensation for duties at McGuire Veteran Hospital. Suit was in Bosher's favor and the decision was upheld by the Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia.","Correspondence filed together by Bosher which captures some of the conflicts between Bosher and Hume over issues such as the thoracic surgical service and space problems.","Correspondence and associated paperwork related to Bosher's attempts to gain approval for a one year residency training program in thoracic surgery at MCV.","Correspondence between Bosher and his colleagues on these two subjects.","Policies and correspondence regarding clinics.","General correspondence between Bosher, his colleagues, and the administration at MCV.","Correspondence primarily from the time when Dr. Lazar J. Greenfield became head of the department after the death of Dr. David Hume.","Correspondence with William F. Tompkins of the Space Committee and others over office space concerns.","Correspondence, plans, and specifications related to the conversion of MCV-West, 11th Floor, East Wing to operating rooms and additional facilities for thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Correspondence related to funding and progress of the project; includes a photograph of a coronary perfusion unit.","Contains papers relating to Bosher's service on the Medical Curriculum Committee, letters regarding teaching methods, and other related items.","Memos and other correspondence related to scheduling, equipment, and procedures.","Black and white photographs of Drs. Isaac A. Bigger, Barney Brooks, and Beverly Douglas","Listing of residents by year and a 1976 memo outlining resident rotations.","Correspondence and memos detailing the duties of nurses in thoracic and cardiac surgery.","Relating mostly to the Volemetron computer used for determining blood volume.","Trips to London (1968) to visit other vascular surgeons and Japan (1974) for the 2nd Asian Congress on Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. Includes some unidentified surgery photographs related to the trips","Copies of letters written by Bosher to various colleagues announcing his retirement from MVC.","Re: Bosher's consultation for a malpractice case.","Contains the responses from the various programs about placement of a resident for a one year.","A lecture delivered to a group at St. Stephen's Church, Richmond, Virginia.","Correspondence collected by Bosher from family and friends of Dr. Bigger since according to Bosher most of Bigger's papers were lost, discarded, or destroyed.","Copies or reprints of articles written by Dr. Bigger.","The letter from 1946 was to Drs. Shelton Horsley and Isaac Bigger from Z.M. Ma of China. The surgeon expressed how valuable their book Operative Surgery had been for him. Bosher attempted to contact Ma while writing the sketch.","Contains copies of resolutions written on the death of members of the Academy. The file includes resolutions written about doctors who were contemporaries of Bigger.","This file contains a few items related Bosher's tenure at MCV including an Annual Catalogue for the 1981-1892 session, a list of genito-urinary patients with diagnosis and treatment, September 1914 - January 1915, and an invitation to a banquet at the Jefferson Hotel given by Bosher to meet the class of 1919.","Items such as articles about Lewis C. Bosher collected by Lewis H. Bosher in anticipation of writing a historical sketch of his great uncle.","Reprints of two journal articles and medical advertisements related to Bosher's area of medicine.","Reprint of a journal article by Lewis C. Bosher.","The manuscript covers the subject of angiorraphy and probably dates from around 1913."],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"corpname_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae"],"names_coll_ssim":["Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"persname_ssim":["Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"names_ssim":["VCU Health Sciences Library","Medical College of Virginia -- Alumni and alumnae","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914-","Bosher, Lewis H. (Lewis Hinton), 1914- -- Archives","Bigger, Isaac A. (Isaac Alexander)"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:34.904Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_3_resources_9_c01_c04"}},{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135_c05_c19","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Balance of Payments, The Gold Drain and Your Dollar, 1965","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/vircu_repositories_5_resources_135_c05_c19#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135_c05_c19","ref_ssm":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_135_c05_c19"],"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135_c05_c19","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135_c05","parent_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135_c05","parent_ssim":["Clarence L. Townes, Jr. papers, 1944/1988","Series 5: Publications, 1961/1973"],"parent_ids_ssim":["vircu_repositories_5_resources_135","vircu_repositories_5_resources_135_c05"],"title_filing_ssi":"Balance of Payments, The Gold Drain and Your Dollar","title_ssm":["Balance of Payments, The Gold Drain and Your Dollar"],"title_tesim":["Balance of Payments, The Gold Drain and Your Dollar"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Balance of Payments, The Gold Drain and Your Dollar, 1965"],"text":["Balance of Payments, The Gold Drain and Your Dollar, 1965","Clarence L. Townes, Jr. papers, 1944/1988","Series 5: Publications, 1961/1973","box 25"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Clarence L. Townes, Jr. papers, 1944/1988","Series 5: Publications, 1961/1973"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Clarence L. Townes, Jr. papers, 1944/1988","Series 5: Publications, 1961/1973"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1965"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1965"],"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"component_level_isim":[2],"sort_isi":249,"repository_ssim":["Virginia Commonwealth University, Cabell Library"],"collection_ssim":["Clarence L. Townes, Jr. papers, 1944/1988"],"containers_ssim":["box 25"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["This collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["There are no restrictions."],"date_range_isim":[1965],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#18","timestamp":"2026-06-23T07:06:46.596Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135","ead_ssi":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135","_root_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135","_nest_parent_":"vircu_repositories_5_resources_135","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VCU/repositories_5_resources_135.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Townes, Clarence L., papers","title_ssm":["Clarence L. Townes, Jr. papers"],"title_tesim":["Clarence L. Townes, Jr. papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1944-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1944-1988"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1944/1988"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Clarence L. Townes, Jr. papers, 1944/1988"],"text":["Clarence L. Townes, Jr. papers, 1944/1988","M 293","/repositories/5/resources/135","Richmond (Va.) -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","Richmond (Va.) -- Race relations","African Americans -- Virginia -- Richmond","Urban renewal -- Virginia -- Richmond.","African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia","Community development, Urban -- Virginia -- Richmond","This collection is open for research.","Materials have been separated into six series and arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.","Series 1: Business and Civic Work, 1961-1972","Series 2: Republican Party, 1948-1972","Series 3: Joint Center for Political Studies, 1970-1987","Series 4: Richmond Renaissance, 1982-1987","Series 5: Publications, 1961-1973","Series 6: Ephemera and Photographs, 1940s-1970s","Clarence Lee Townes, Jr., was a businessman, political activist, and a significant contributor to the revitalization of Richmond, Virginia, spending much of his life working to broaden and increase economic and political opportunities for African Americans in the state. Townes was born January 1, 1928, to Alice Smith and Clarence L. Townes, Sr. He attended Richmond public schools, graduating from Armstrong High School in 1944. He attended Virginia Union University and graduated with a B.S. degree in Commerce. Townes married Grace Elizabeth Harris in 1951, and over their marriage, the couple had four children. Commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army in 1952, he served in Korea, receiving an honorable discharge in 1953. Returning to Richmond, Townes was appointed Assistant Manager of the Richmond office of the Virginia Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, which his father had helped found. In 1964, he became director of training there.","Townes became active in the Republican Party during the late 1950s. Though many African Americans were beginning to turn away from the Republican Party at this time, he served in many roles both in Richmond and at the state level. He started as a member of the Richmond City Republican Committee from 1958-1961 and as a board member of the political action group Richmond Forward. From 1963 through 1966, he served as the commissioner of the Richmond Redevelopment and Housing Authority. Townes attended the 1964 Republican Convention as the first Black delegate from Virginia in modern times. Upon his return, he ran as the Republican candidate for the Richmond-Henrico seat in the Virginia House of Delegates. Although he ultimately lost the election, the race for the seat brought national attention to the south and its treatment of African Americans in the political process.","Townes continued serving in various positions for the Republican Party. He was the Special Assistant to the State Chairman for a year in 1965, and that same year organized and was treasurer of the National Negro Republican Assembly (NNRA). Partially as a result of his work, he became an assistant to the Chairman of the Republican National Committee (RNC) from 1966-1970, and then the Director of Minorities from 1967-1970, where he worked to increase Republican ties with minorities. After leaving the RNC in 1970, he helped found the Joint Center for Political Affairs (JCPA), an African American think-tank associated with Howard University. The JCPA assisted newly elected Black officials with the business of government, and Townes served as the Director of Governmental Affairs.","Townes was a founding member of the Jefferson Townhouse Corporation of Richmond, an African American-controlled enterprise that operates a housing complex in the city. In 1970 he joined the Board of Directors of the Consolidated Bank and Trust Company of Richmond, the oldest African American-controlled bank in the nation. Townes also worked as a consultant on federal programs to Virginia State College (now Virginia State University), and as a consultant to the Virginia Electric and Power Company for equal employment matters. He was also a consultant for the Manpower Administration at the U.S. Department of Labor, where he evaluated the agency's National Office Equal Opportunity Program. After commuting by bus from Richmond to Washington, D.C. for eight years, Townes returned to Richmond and established Metropolitan Coach in 1974. The company was one of Richmond's first African American-owned charter bus lines. It initially faced hardships, including lawsuits and investigations, but the business was ultimately successful.","In the 1980s, Townes chaired Richmond Renaissance, a non-profit, biracial corporation that fostered economic development in downtown Richmond. Townes served as the deputy director from 1982-1991 when he was appointed director. He continued his active engagement in the community into the 1990s through his early investment in the Richmond Free Press in 1992, and serving as head of the Richmond School Board, and as a board member of the VCU Board of Visitors, VCU Real Estate Foundation, and The Valentine Museum. He died on January 11, 2017","The collection includes correspondence, notes, newspaper and journal clippings, organizational minutes, reports and files, speech drafts, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1944 through 1988. The bulk of the collection dates from the early 1960s through the mid-1980s, focusing on Townes' interest in and involvement with issues concerning race, politics, and the revitalization of downtown Richmond, Virginia. The collection also includes a significant amount of material on the role of African American members of  the Virginia Republican Party during the 1960s and in the National Republican Party during the late 1960s and early 1970s.","Series 1: Business and Civic Work contains materials documenting Townes' numerous entrepreneurial and civic activities, mostly dating from the late 1950s through the early 1960s.","Series 2: Republican Party Materials contains the bulk of the collection and concerns the Virginia Republican Party (1963-1966) and the Republican National Committee (1966-1972). Correspondence, reports and publications, material from Townes' race for the Virginia General Assembly and his work with the National Negro Republican Assembly (1964-1966) are included in this series, in addition to various Republican  Party-related items.","Series 3: Joint Center for Political Studies consists of records from Townes' work with the Joint Center for Political Studies, dating from the early 1970s.","Series 4: Richmond Renaissance is composed of materials generated by Townes as deputy director in the early years of the Richmond Renaissance. These records focus on projects, particularly Sixth Street Marketplace and the Richmond Metro Visitors Center.","Series 5: Publications contains printed materials collected by Townes, many on urban and minority issues. The majority of the publications were distributed by the Republican Party (late 1960s-early 1970s). There are also publications by the U.S. government, the Joint Center for Political Studies, and publications about business, education, localities, civic organizations and public policy organizations.","Series 6: Photographs and Ephemera comprises ephemeral material, primarily related to the Republican Party, as well as tapes of speeches, business cards, address books, and business calendars. This series also contains photographs of Townes and others, mostly publicity photos taken during his campaign for the General Assembly in 1965 through his days at the Republican National Committee in the late 1960s and early 1970s.","There are no restrictions.","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ) -- Archives","Republican Party (Va.)","Townes, Clarence L. (Clarence Lee), 1928-","English"],"collection_title_tesim":["Clarence L. Townes, Jr. papers, 1944/1988"],"collection_ssim":["Clarence L. 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(Clarence Lee), 1928-"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ) -- Archives","Republican Party (Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Townes, Clarence L. (Clarence Lee), 1928-","VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ) -- Archives","Republican Party (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was a gift to Special Collections and Archives from Clarence L. Townes, Jr. in 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- Virginia -- Richmond","Urban renewal -- Virginia -- Richmond.","African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia","Community development, Urban -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- Virginia -- Richmond","Urban renewal -- Virginia -- Richmond.","African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia","Community development, Urban -- Virginia -- Richmond"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["23.4 Linear Feet 23.4 linear feet"],"extent_tesim":["23.4 Linear Feet 23.4 linear feet"],"date_range_isim":[1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials have been separated into six series and arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Business and Civic Work, 1961-1972\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Republican Party, 1948-1972\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3: Joint Center for Political Studies, 1970-1987\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4: Richmond Renaissance, 1982-1987\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5: Publications, 1961-1973\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Ephemera and Photographs, 1940s-1970s\u003c/p\u003e  "],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Materials have been separated into six series and arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.","Series 1: Business and Civic Work, 1961-1972","Series 2: Republican Party, 1948-1972","Series 3: Joint Center for Political Studies, 1970-1987","Series 4: Richmond Renaissance, 1982-1987","Series 5: Publications, 1961-1973","Series 6: Ephemera and Photographs, 1940s-1970s"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eClarence Lee Townes, Jr., was a businessman, political activist, and a significant contributor to the revitalization of Richmond, Virginia, spending much of his life working to broaden and increase economic and political opportunities for African Americans in the state. Townes was born January 1, 1928, to Alice Smith and Clarence L. Townes, Sr. He attended Richmond public schools, graduating from Armstrong High School in 1944. He attended Virginia Union University and graduated with a B.S. degree in Commerce. Townes married Grace Elizabeth Harris in 1951, and over their marriage, the couple had four children. Commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army in 1952, he served in Korea, receiving an honorable discharge in 1953. Returning to Richmond, Townes was appointed Assistant Manager of the Richmond office of the Virginia Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, which his father had helped found. In 1964, he became director of training there. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTownes became active in the Republican Party during the late 1950s. Though many African Americans were beginning to turn away from the Republican Party at this time, he served in many roles both in Richmond and at the state level. He started as a member of the Richmond City Republican Committee from 1958-1961 and as a board member of the political action group Richmond Forward. From 1963 through 1966, he served as the commissioner of the Richmond Redevelopment and Housing Authority. Townes attended the 1964 Republican Convention as the first Black delegate from Virginia in modern times. Upon his return, he ran as the Republican candidate for the Richmond-Henrico seat in the Virginia House of Delegates. Although he ultimately lost the election, the race for the seat brought national attention to the south and its treatment of African Americans in the political process. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTownes continued serving in various positions for the Republican Party. He was the Special Assistant to the State Chairman for a year in 1965, and that same year organized and was treasurer of the National Negro Republican Assembly (NNRA). Partially as a result of his work, he became an assistant to the Chairman of the Republican National Committee (RNC) from 1966-1970, and then the Director of Minorities from 1967-1970, where he worked to increase Republican ties with minorities. After leaving the RNC in 1970, he helped found the Joint Center for Political Affairs (JCPA), an African American think-tank associated with Howard University. The JCPA assisted newly elected Black officials with the business of government, and Townes served as the Director of Governmental Affairs. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTownes was a founding member of the Jefferson Townhouse Corporation of Richmond, an African American-controlled enterprise that operates a housing complex in the city. In 1970 he joined the Board of Directors of the Consolidated Bank and Trust Company of Richmond, the oldest African American-controlled bank in the nation. Townes also worked as a consultant on federal programs to Virginia State College (now Virginia State University), and as a consultant to the Virginia Electric and Power Company for equal employment matters. He was also a consultant for the Manpower Administration at the U.S. Department of Labor, where he evaluated the agency's National Office Equal Opportunity Program. After commuting by bus from Richmond to Washington, D.C. for eight years, Townes returned to Richmond and established Metropolitan Coach in 1974. The company was one of Richmond's first African American-owned charter bus lines. It initially faced hardships, including lawsuits and investigations, but the business was ultimately successful.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1980s, Townes chaired Richmond Renaissance, a non-profit, biracial corporation that fostered economic development in downtown Richmond. Townes served as the deputy director from 1982-1991 when he was appointed director. He continued his active engagement in the community into the 1990s through his early investment in the Richmond Free Press in 1992, and serving as head of the Richmond School Board, and as a board member of the VCU Board of Visitors, VCU Real Estate Foundation, and The Valentine Museum. He died on January 11, 2017  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Clarence Lee Townes, Jr., was a businessman, political activist, and a significant contributor to the revitalization of Richmond, Virginia, spending much of his life working to broaden and increase economic and political opportunities for African Americans in the state. Townes was born January 1, 1928, to Alice Smith and Clarence L. Townes, Sr. He attended Richmond public schools, graduating from Armstrong High School in 1944. He attended Virginia Union University and graduated with a B.S. degree in Commerce. Townes married Grace Elizabeth Harris in 1951, and over their marriage, the couple had four children. Commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army in 1952, he served in Korea, receiving an honorable discharge in 1953. Returning to Richmond, Townes was appointed Assistant Manager of the Richmond office of the Virginia Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, which his father had helped found. In 1964, he became director of training there.","Townes became active in the Republican Party during the late 1950s. Though many African Americans were beginning to turn away from the Republican Party at this time, he served in many roles both in Richmond and at the state level. He started as a member of the Richmond City Republican Committee from 1958-1961 and as a board member of the political action group Richmond Forward. From 1963 through 1966, he served as the commissioner of the Richmond Redevelopment and Housing Authority. Townes attended the 1964 Republican Convention as the first Black delegate from Virginia in modern times. Upon his return, he ran as the Republican candidate for the Richmond-Henrico seat in the Virginia House of Delegates. Although he ultimately lost the election, the race for the seat brought national attention to the south and its treatment of African Americans in the political process.","Townes continued serving in various positions for the Republican Party. He was the Special Assistant to the State Chairman for a year in 1965, and that same year organized and was treasurer of the National Negro Republican Assembly (NNRA). Partially as a result of his work, he became an assistant to the Chairman of the Republican National Committee (RNC) from 1966-1970, and then the Director of Minorities from 1967-1970, where he worked to increase Republican ties with minorities. After leaving the RNC in 1970, he helped found the Joint Center for Political Affairs (JCPA), an African American think-tank associated with Howard University. The JCPA assisted newly elected Black officials with the business of government, and Townes served as the Director of Governmental Affairs.","Townes was a founding member of the Jefferson Townhouse Corporation of Richmond, an African American-controlled enterprise that operates a housing complex in the city. In 1970 he joined the Board of Directors of the Consolidated Bank and Trust Company of Richmond, the oldest African American-controlled bank in the nation. Townes also worked as a consultant on federal programs to Virginia State College (now Virginia State University), and as a consultant to the Virginia Electric and Power Company for equal employment matters. He was also a consultant for the Manpower Administration at the U.S. Department of Labor, where he evaluated the agency's National Office Equal Opportunity Program. After commuting by bus from Richmond to Washington, D.C. for eight years, Townes returned to Richmond and established Metropolitan Coach in 1974. The company was one of Richmond's first African American-owned charter bus lines. It initially faced hardships, including lawsuits and investigations, but the business was ultimately successful.","In the 1980s, Townes chaired Richmond Renaissance, a non-profit, biracial corporation that fostered economic development in downtown Richmond. Townes served as the deputy director from 1982-1991 when he was appointed director. He continued his active engagement in the community into the 1990s through his early investment in the Richmond Free Press in 1992, and serving as head of the Richmond School Board, and as a board member of the VCU Board of Visitors, VCU Real Estate Foundation, and The Valentine Museum. He died on January 11, 2017"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBox/Folder, Clarence L. Townes, Jr. Papers, M 293, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University\u003c/p\u003e  "],"prefercite_tesim":["Box/Folder, Clarence L. Townes, Jr. Papers, M 293, Special Collections and Archives, James Branch Cabell Library, Virginia Commonwealth University"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes correspondence, notes, newspaper and journal clippings, organizational minutes, reports and files, speech drafts, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1944 through 1988. The bulk of the collection dates from the early 1960s through the mid-1980s, focusing on Townes' interest in and involvement with issues concerning race, politics, and the revitalization of downtown Richmond, Virginia. The collection also includes a significant amount of material on the role of African American members of  the Virginia Republican Party during the 1960s and in the National Republican Party during the late 1960s and early 1970s. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1: Business and Civic Work contains materials documenting Townes' numerous entrepreneurial and civic activities, mostly dating from the late 1950s through the early 1960s. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2: Republican Party Materials contains the bulk of the collection and concerns the Virginia Republican Party (1963-1966) and the Republican National Committee (1966-1972). 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There are also publications by the U.S. government, the Joint Center for Political Studies, and publications about business, education, localities, civic organizations and public policy organizations. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 6: Photographs and Ephemera comprises ephemeral material, primarily related to the Republican Party, as well as tapes of speeches, business cards, address books, and business calendars. This series also contains photographs of Townes and others, mostly publicity photos taken during his campaign for the General Assembly in 1965 through his days at the Republican National Committee in the late 1960s and early 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection includes correspondence, notes, newspaper and journal clippings, organizational minutes, reports and files, speech drafts, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1944 through 1988. The bulk of the collection dates from the early 1960s through the mid-1980s, focusing on Townes' interest in and involvement with issues concerning race, politics, and the revitalization of downtown Richmond, Virginia. The collection also includes a significant amount of material on the role of African American members of  the Virginia Republican Party during the 1960s and in the National Republican Party during the late 1960s and early 1970s.","Series 1: Business and Civic Work contains materials documenting Townes' numerous entrepreneurial and civic activities, mostly dating from the late 1950s through the early 1960s.","Series 2: Republican Party Materials contains the bulk of the collection and concerns the Virginia Republican Party (1963-1966) and the Republican National Committee (1966-1972). Correspondence, reports and publications, material from Townes' race for the Virginia General Assembly and his work with the National Negro Republican Assembly (1964-1966) are included in this series, in addition to various Republican  Party-related items.","Series 3: Joint Center for Political Studies consists of records from Townes' work with the Joint Center for Political Studies, dating from the early 1970s.","Series 4: Richmond Renaissance is composed of materials generated by Townes as deputy director in the early years of the Richmond Renaissance. These records focus on projects, particularly Sixth Street Marketplace and the Richmond Metro Visitors Center.","Series 5: Publications contains printed materials collected by Townes, many on urban and minority issues. The majority of the publications were distributed by the Republican Party (late 1960s-early 1970s). There are also publications by the U.S. government, the Joint Center for Political Studies, and publications about business, education, localities, civic organizations and public policy organizations.","Series 6: Photographs and Ephemera comprises ephemeral material, primarily related to the Republican Party, as well as tapes of speeches, business cards, address books, and business calendars. This series also contains photographs of Townes and others, mostly publicity photos taken during his campaign for the General Assembly in 1965 through his days at the Republican National Committee in the late 1960s and early 1970s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e  "],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions."],"corpname_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ) -- Archives","Republican Party (Va.)"],"names_coll_ssim":["Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ) -- Archives","Republican Party (Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Townes, Clarence L. (Clarence Lee), 1928-"],"names_ssim":["VCU James Branch Cabell Library","Republican Party (U.S. : 1854- ) -- Archives","Republican Party (Va.)","Townes, Clarence L. 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Townes, Jr. papers, 1944/1988","M 293","/repositories/5/resources/135","Richmond (Va.) -- Politics and government -- 20th century.","Richmond (Va.) -- Race relations","African Americans -- Virginia -- Richmond","Urban renewal -- Virginia -- Richmond.","African Americans -- Politics and government -- Virginia","Community development, Urban -- Virginia -- Richmond","This collection is open for research.","Materials have been separated into six series and arranged alphabetically and chronologically therein.","Series 1: Business and Civic Work, 1961-1972","Series 2: Republican Party, 1948-1972","Series 3: Joint Center for Political Studies, 1970-1987","Series 4: Richmond Renaissance, 1982-1987","Series 5: Publications, 1961-1973","Series 6: Ephemera and Photographs, 1940s-1970s","Clarence Lee Townes, Jr., was a businessman, political activist, and a significant contributor to the revitalization of Richmond, Virginia, spending much of his life working to broaden and increase economic and political opportunities for African Americans in the state. Townes was born January 1, 1928, to Alice Smith and Clarence L. Townes, Sr. He attended Richmond public schools, graduating from Armstrong High School in 1944. He attended Virginia Union University and graduated with a B.S. degree in Commerce. Townes married Grace Elizabeth Harris in 1951, and over their marriage, the couple had four children. Commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army in 1952, he served in Korea, receiving an honorable discharge in 1953. Returning to Richmond, Townes was appointed Assistant Manager of the Richmond office of the Virginia Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, which his father had helped found. In 1964, he became director of training there.","Townes became active in the Republican Party during the late 1950s. Though many African Americans were beginning to turn away from the Republican Party at this time, he served in many roles both in Richmond and at the state level. He started as a member of the Richmond City Republican Committee from 1958-1961 and as a board member of the political action group Richmond Forward. From 1963 through 1966, he served as the commissioner of the Richmond Redevelopment and Housing Authority. Townes attended the 1964 Republican Convention as the first Black delegate from Virginia in modern times. Upon his return, he ran as the Republican candidate for the Richmond-Henrico seat in the Virginia House of Delegates. Although he ultimately lost the election, the race for the seat brought national attention to the south and its treatment of African Americans in the political process.","Townes continued serving in various positions for the Republican Party. He was the Special Assistant to the State Chairman for a year in 1965, and that same year organized and was treasurer of the National Negro Republican Assembly (NNRA). Partially as a result of his work, he became an assistant to the Chairman of the Republican National Committee (RNC) from 1966-1970, and then the Director of Minorities from 1967-1970, where he worked to increase Republican ties with minorities. After leaving the RNC in 1970, he helped found the Joint Center for Political Affairs (JCPA), an African American think-tank associated with Howard University. The JCPA assisted newly elected Black officials with the business of government, and Townes served as the Director of Governmental Affairs.","Townes was a founding member of the Jefferson Townhouse Corporation of Richmond, an African American-controlled enterprise that operates a housing complex in the city. In 1970 he joined the Board of Directors of the Consolidated Bank and Trust Company of Richmond, the oldest African American-controlled bank in the nation. Townes also worked as a consultant on federal programs to Virginia State College (now Virginia State University), and as a consultant to the Virginia Electric and Power Company for equal employment matters. He was also a consultant for the Manpower Administration at the U.S. Department of Labor, where he evaluated the agency's National Office Equal Opportunity Program. After commuting by bus from Richmond to Washington, D.C. for eight years, Townes returned to Richmond and established Metropolitan Coach in 1974. The company was one of Richmond's first African American-owned charter bus lines. It initially faced hardships, including lawsuits and investigations, but the business was ultimately successful.","In the 1980s, Townes chaired Richmond Renaissance, a non-profit, biracial corporation that fostered economic development in downtown Richmond. Townes served as the deputy director from 1982-1991 when he was appointed director. He continued his active engagement in the community into the 1990s through his early investment in the Richmond Free Press in 1992, and serving as head of the Richmond School Board, and as a board member of the VCU Board of Visitors, VCU Real Estate Foundation, and The Valentine Museum. He died on January 11, 2017","The collection includes correspondence, notes, newspaper and journal clippings, organizational minutes, reports and files, speech drafts, manuscripts and published materials dating from 1944 through 1988. The bulk of the collection dates from the early 1960s through the mid-1980s, focusing on Townes' interest in and involvement with issues concerning race, politics, and the revitalization of downtown Richmond, Virginia. The collection also includes a significant amount of material on the role of African American members of  the Virginia Republican Party during the 1960s and in the National Republican Party during the late 1960s and early 1970s.","Series 1: Business and Civic Work contains materials documenting Townes' numerous entrepreneurial and civic activities, mostly dating from the late 1950s through the early 1960s.","Series 2: Republican Party Materials contains the bulk of the collection and concerns the Virginia Republican Party (1963-1966) and the Republican National Committee (1966-1972). Correspondence, reports and publications, material from Townes' race for the Virginia General Assembly and his work with the National Negro Republican Assembly (1964-1966) are included in this series, in addition to various Republican  Party-related items.","Series 3: Joint Center for Political Studies consists of records from Townes' work with the Joint Center for Political Studies, dating from the early 1970s.","Series 4: Richmond Renaissance is composed of materials generated by Townes as deputy director in the early years of the Richmond Renaissance. These records focus on projects, particularly Sixth Street Marketplace and the Richmond Metro Visitors Center.","Series 5: Publications contains printed materials collected by Townes, many on urban and minority issues. The majority of the publications were distributed by the Republican Party (late 1960s-early 1970s). 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Townes was born January 1, 1928, to Alice Smith and Clarence L. Townes, Sr. He attended Richmond public schools, graduating from Armstrong High School in 1944. He attended Virginia Union University and graduated with a B.S. degree in Commerce. Townes married Grace Elizabeth Harris in 1951, and over their marriage, the couple had four children. Commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army in 1952, he served in Korea, receiving an honorable discharge in 1953. Returning to Richmond, Townes was appointed Assistant Manager of the Richmond office of the Virginia Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, which his father had helped found. In 1964, he became director of training there. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTownes became active in the Republican Party during the late 1950s. Though many African Americans were beginning to turn away from the Republican Party at this time, he served in many roles both in Richmond and at the state level. 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Townes also worked as a consultant on federal programs to Virginia State College (now Virginia State University), and as a consultant to the Virginia Electric and Power Company for equal employment matters. He was also a consultant for the Manpower Administration at the U.S. Department of Labor, where he evaluated the agency's National Office Equal Opportunity Program. After commuting by bus from Richmond to Washington, D.C. for eight years, Townes returned to Richmond and established Metropolitan Coach in 1974. The company was one of Richmond's first African American-owned charter bus lines. It initially faced hardships, including lawsuits and investigations, but the business was ultimately successful.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn the 1980s, Townes chaired Richmond Renaissance, a non-profit, biracial corporation that fostered economic development in downtown Richmond. Townes served as the deputy director from 1982-1991 when he was appointed director. He continued his active engagement in the community into the 1990s through his early investment in the Richmond Free Press in 1992, and serving as head of the Richmond School Board, and as a board member of the VCU Board of Visitors, VCU Real Estate Foundation, and The Valentine Museum. He died on January 11, 2017  \u003c/p\u003e  "],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical Information"],"bioghist_tesim":["Clarence Lee Townes, Jr., was a businessman, political activist, and a significant contributor to the revitalization of Richmond, Virginia, spending much of his life working to broaden and increase economic and political opportunities for African Americans in the state. Townes was born January 1, 1928, to Alice Smith and Clarence L. Townes, Sr. He attended Richmond public schools, graduating from Armstrong High School in 1944. He attended Virginia Union University and graduated with a B.S. degree in Commerce. Townes married Grace Elizabeth Harris in 1951, and over their marriage, the couple had four children. Commissioned as a second lieutenant in the United States Army in 1952, he served in Korea, receiving an honorable discharge in 1953. Returning to Richmond, Townes was appointed Assistant Manager of the Richmond office of the Virginia Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, which his father had helped found. In 1964, he became director of training there.","Townes became active in the Republican Party during the late 1950s. Though many African Americans were beginning to turn away from the Republican Party at this time, he served in many roles both in Richmond and at the state level. He started as a member of the Richmond City Republican Committee from 1958-1961 and as a board member of the political action group Richmond Forward. From 1963 through 1966, he served as the commissioner of the Richmond Redevelopment and Housing Authority. Townes attended the 1964 Republican Convention as the first Black delegate from Virginia in modern times. Upon his return, he ran as the Republican candidate for the Richmond-Henrico seat in the Virginia House of Delegates. Although he ultimately lost the election, the race for the seat brought national attention to the south and its treatment of African Americans in the political process.","Townes continued serving in various positions for the Republican Party. He was the Special Assistant to the State Chairman for a year in 1965, and that same year organized and was treasurer of the National Negro Republican Assembly (NNRA). Partially as a result of his work, he became an assistant to the Chairman of the Republican National Committee (RNC) from 1966-1970, and then the Director of Minorities from 1967-1970, where he worked to increase Republican ties with minorities. After leaving the RNC in 1970, he helped found the Joint Center for Political Affairs (JCPA), an African American think-tank associated with Howard University. The JCPA assisted newly elected Black officials with the business of government, and Townes served as the Director of Governmental Affairs.","Townes was a founding member of the Jefferson Townhouse Corporation of Richmond, an African American-controlled enterprise that operates a housing complex in the city. In 1970 he joined the Board of Directors of the Consolidated Bank and Trust Company of Richmond, the oldest African American-controlled bank in the nation. Townes also worked as a consultant on federal programs to Virginia State College (now Virginia State University), and as a consultant to the Virginia Electric and Power Company for equal employment matters. He was also a consultant for the Manpower Administration at the U.S. Department of Labor, where he evaluated the agency's National Office Equal Opportunity Program. 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