{"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=3929","prev":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=3928","next":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=3930","last":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1952\u0026facet.sort=index\u0026page=3959"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3929,"next_page":3930,"prev_page":3928,"total_pages":3959,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":39280,"total_count":39582,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404_c02_c11","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wright, Frank Lloyd","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404_c02_c11#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404_c02_c11","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404_c02_c11"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404_c02_c11","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers","Series II. Correspondence / Subject Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers","Series II. Correspondence / Subject Files"],"text":["Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers","Series II. Correspondence / Subject Files","Wright, Frank Lloyd","(see also Box 8)","box 2","folder 3"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wright, Frank Lloyd ","title_ssm":["Wright, Frank Lloyd"],"title_tesim":["Wright, Frank Lloyd"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1979, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/1979"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wright, Frank Lloyd"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers"],"physdesc_tesim":["(see also Box 8)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":34,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#10","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:14:48.260Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1404.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Elarth, Herschel Gustave Anderson, Papers","title_ssm":["Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers"],"title_tesim":["Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1885-1988"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1885-1988"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1984.182"],"text":["Ms.1984.182","Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers","Architects","Faculty and staff","University History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged in five series:","Series I. Personal Papers, 1885-1987. In this series are such items as biographical and genealogical materials, legal and financial documents, personal correspondence, and family photos. The series also includes materials (documents, insignia, photographs, and scrapbooks) relating to Elarth's service in the 826th Engineer Aviation Battalion during World War II. A collection of Elarth's artwork, consisting largely of studies of scenes in Omaha, the surrounding area, the greater Midwest, and Europe, rendered in watercolor, chalk, and crayon, completes the series. ","Series II. Correspondence / Subject Files, 1919-1987. A collection of files maintained by Elarth on various artists and architects--most of whom were Elarth's personal acquaintances--may be found in this series. The files contain such materials as correspondence, original artwork, personalized greeting cards created by artists, and printed materials. (Note: The file on Frank Lloyd Wright contains only printed materials.) ","Series III. Professorial Career, 1938-1987. Elarth's teaching career at the University of Oklahoma, University of Manitoba, and Virginia Tech is chronicled in this series. Included are lecture background materials, class assignment handouts and records, student projects, and student correspondence. The series also contains materials relating to Elarth's non-teaching duties, particularly his participation in committees and campus / local planning studies.","Series IV. Private Practice, 1927-1987. This series contains materials relating to various projects designed by Elarth, both individually and in partnership with Charles S. Worley Jr. The series begins with files devoted to a mural designed by Elarth, several competitions for which he submitted entries, and two projects on which he worked during the Great Depression. Covered in greater detail are three projects: the University of Manitoba bus terminal / bookstore; the Elarth residences in Fort Garry, Manitoba, and Blacksburg, Virginia; and the Montgomery County Public Health Center. The series also contains materials relating to other projects on which Elarth provided consultation and concludes with Elarth's awards, honors, and drafting kit. Note: Except where otherwise identified, all files in this series relate to Virginia Tech.","Series V. Architectural Organizations, 1961-1988. The materials in this series relate to Elarth's participation in several architectural organizations. The bulk of the material is devoted to the American Institute of Architects--both at the national and state levels--and reflects Elarth's interest in environmental policy. The series includes such materials as correspondence, memoranda, reports, and printed material, much of it devoted to such topics as surface mining, water quality, acid rain, and deforestation. The series also contains materials relating to other AIA committees on which Elarth served. Files relating to Elarth's participation in the Society of Architectural Historians--particularly regarding various society-sponsored tours--may also be found in this series. ","Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth, son of Gustave and Amanda Anderson Elarth, was born in Omaha, Nebraska on October 15, 1907.  Elarth attended the University of Illinois, earning a bachelor's degree in architecture in 1929. That same year, he submitted an entry for the Prix de Rome in architecture and was awarded first alternate. While attending college, Elarth also apprenticed with Omaha architect Thomas R. Kimball. Continuing his studies at the University of Illinois, Elarth earned a master of science in architecture in 1930, and in 1931, he took second place in the Society of Beaux Arts Architects' Paris Prize.","From 1931 to 1936, Elarth worked as an architectural designer in the Omaha firm of John and Alan MacDonald, playing a significant role in the final design of the Joslyn Art Museum. Moving to Los Angeles in 1937, Elarth worked for a year as a draftsman in the office of architect Richard J. Neutra. In January, 1938, Elarth took a position as professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. He married Wilhelmina van Ingen (1905-1969) in Norman, Oklahoma on April 2, 1942. ","Elarth joined the U. S. Army in November, 1942. A first lieutenant, he served with the 826th Engineer Aviation Battalion, supervising the construction and maintenance of airfields. Following his honorable discharge in March, 1946, he took special studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.","During the summer of 1947, Elarth worked for two months as an architect for the Los Angeles City Planning Commission before being hired as an associate professor of architecture at the University of Manitoba. While there, he served as a consultant to the Winnipeg Town Planning Commission and designed the university's bus terminal and bookstore. He also designed the Fort Garry home in which the Elarths would live while in Manitoba.","In 1954, Elarth was hired as a professor of architecture at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. In addition to teaching and advising students, Elarth served as a member of the University Council, the VPI Self-Study and University Library Committee, the Judicial Committee, and the Wine Awards Committee. He also provided design consultation on what would eventually become Cowgill Hall. Early in his career at Virginia Tech, Elarth entered into a partnership with fellow architectural professor Charles S. Worley Jr., and among the projects they designed were the Montgomery County Public Health Center in Christiansburg and the Elarth residence in Blacksburg.  Throughout the 1970s, Elarth was active in several architectural organizations, and was particularly involved in the environmental efforts of the American Institute of Architects (AIA). His contributions to architecture were recognized when he was elected a Fellow in the AIA in 1978.","Elarth married Eva Robert Frook (1917-1984) in Blacksburg, Virginia, in 1971, and he retired from the university in 1977. He continued, however, to be active as professor emeritus and in several architectural organizations. In 1984, Elarth sold his Blacksburg home and moved to Warm Hearth Village retirement community, where he also served on the board of directors. Herschel Elarth died in 1988. ","The guide to the Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers commenced in November 2014 and was completed in January 2016. Additional bidder instructions and contracts were added to Box 3, Folder 25 in July 2019.","The following related collections are also held at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth Papers (Ms1969-004)","Charles S. Worley, Jr., Collection, 1950-1982, undated (Ms1996-017)","Herschel Elarth-Charles Worley Architectural Firm Drawings (Ms2019-036)","This collection contains the papers of architect Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth, a professor at University of Oklahoma (1938-1942), University of Manitoba (1947-1954), and Virginia Tech (1954-1977). The collection includes such materials as correspondence, photographs, scrapbooks, artwork, printed materials, course materials, architectural drawings, and ephemera relating to Elarth's personal life, experiences in World War II with the 826th Engineer Aviation Battalion, teaching career, private practice, organizational activities, and awards and honors.","Note: Except where otherwise identified, all files in this series relate to Virginia Tech.","The following items were removed from the collection, to be added to the Rare Book Collection:","\"The Blue Ridge Parkway studies: policy, development, environmental, visual.\" Blacksburg, VA: Omnibus Studio, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, [1984]. (Call number  LD5655.A542 L3 1984c Spec VT)","The Roanoke Fine Arts Center history, 1952-1977 . Roanoke, VA: Roanoke Fine Arts Center, [1978]. (Call number  N717 .A54 1977 Spec Large)","Land, issues and problems . (nos. 45-46, 50, 55-56). Blacksburg, VA: Cooperative Extension Service, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1979-1981.","Mt. San Angelo's artists: a touring exhibition of works from the collection of the Virginia Center for the Creative Arts: September, 1985 - August, 1986 . [Sweet Briar, VA: Virginia Center for the Creative Arts, 1985]. (Call number N6512 .V57 1985 copy 2 Spec Small)","Shippee, Elizabeth Wright. \"On receipt of a Stephan Lochner Madonna.\" [S.l.: s.n., 1936?]. (Call number  ND588.L8 S55 1936 Spec Folio)","Taliesin: the Taliesin Fellowship publication  (vol. 1, no. 2). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Fellowship, 1941. (Call number  NA1 .T14, v. 1, no. 2, Spec Large)","Taliesin square-paper  (no. 6). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Press, [1941].","Taliesin square-paper  (no. 8). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Press, [1945].","Taliesin square-paper  (unnumbered). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Press, [1941].","World's Columbian Exposition, 1893: official catalogue. Part X. Department K. Fine Arts.  Chicago: W. B. Gonkey, 1893. (Call number  N4500 .A5 1893 Spec Large)","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The papers of Herschel G. A. Elarth, Virginia Tech professor of architecture, includes correspondence, subject files, class materials, photographs, printed materials, artwork, scrapbooks, and ephemera chronicling Elarth's personal life, teaching and military careers, private practice, and participation in various architectural organizations.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Elarth, Herschel Anderson, 1907-1988","The materials in the collection are English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1984.182"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Elarth, Herschel Anderson, 1907-1988"],"creator_ssim":["Elarth, Herschel Anderson, 1907-1988"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Elarth, Herschel Anderson, 1907-1988"],"creators_ssim":["Elarth, Herschel Anderson, 1907-1988"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers were donated to Special Collections in 1988. Additional materials were transferred to Special Collections from the Art + Architecture Library in 2007."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Faculty and staff","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Faculty and staff","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13 Cubic Feet 8 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["13 Cubic Feet 8 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"date_range_isim":[1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged in five series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Personal Papers, 1885-1987. In this series are such items as biographical and genealogical materials, legal and financial documents, personal correspondence, and family photos. The series also includes materials (documents, insignia, photographs, and scrapbooks) relating to Elarth's service in the 826th Engineer Aviation Battalion during World War II. A collection of Elarth's artwork, consisting largely of studies of scenes in Omaha, the surrounding area, the greater Midwest, and Europe, rendered in watercolor, chalk, and crayon, completes the series. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Correspondence / Subject Files, 1919-1987. A collection of files maintained by Elarth on various artists and architects--most of whom were Elarth's personal acquaintances--may be found in this series. The files contain such materials as correspondence, original artwork, personalized greeting cards created by artists, and printed materials. (Note: The file on Frank Lloyd Wright contains only printed materials.) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Professorial Career, 1938-1987. Elarth's teaching career at the University of Oklahoma, University of Manitoba, and Virginia Tech is chronicled in this series. Included are lecture background materials, class assignment handouts and records, student projects, and student correspondence. The series also contains materials relating to Elarth's non-teaching duties, particularly his participation in committees and campus / local planning studies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Private Practice, 1927-1987. This series contains materials relating to various projects designed by Elarth, both individually and in partnership with Charles S. Worley Jr. The series begins with files devoted to a mural designed by Elarth, several competitions for which he submitted entries, and two projects on which he worked during the Great Depression. Covered in greater detail are three projects: the University of Manitoba bus terminal / bookstore; the Elarth residences in Fort Garry, Manitoba, and Blacksburg, Virginia; and the Montgomery County Public Health Center. The series also contains materials relating to other projects on which Elarth provided consultation and concludes with Elarth's awards, honors, and drafting kit. Note: Except where otherwise identified, all files in this series relate to Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries V. Architectural Organizations, 1961-1988. The materials in this series relate to Elarth's participation in several architectural organizations. The bulk of the material is devoted to the American Institute of Architects--both at the national and state levels--and reflects Elarth's interest in environmental policy. The series includes such materials as correspondence, memoranda, reports, and printed material, much of it devoted to such topics as surface mining, water quality, acid rain, and deforestation. The series also contains materials relating to other AIA committees on which Elarth served. Files relating to Elarth's participation in the Society of Architectural Historians--particularly regarding various society-sponsored tours--may also be found in this series. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged in five series:","Series I. Personal Papers, 1885-1987. In this series are such items as biographical and genealogical materials, legal and financial documents, personal correspondence, and family photos. The series also includes materials (documents, insignia, photographs, and scrapbooks) relating to Elarth's service in the 826th Engineer Aviation Battalion during World War II. A collection of Elarth's artwork, consisting largely of studies of scenes in Omaha, the surrounding area, the greater Midwest, and Europe, rendered in watercolor, chalk, and crayon, completes the series. ","Series II. Correspondence / Subject Files, 1919-1987. A collection of files maintained by Elarth on various artists and architects--most of whom were Elarth's personal acquaintances--may be found in this series. The files contain such materials as correspondence, original artwork, personalized greeting cards created by artists, and printed materials. (Note: The file on Frank Lloyd Wright contains only printed materials.) ","Series III. Professorial Career, 1938-1987. Elarth's teaching career at the University of Oklahoma, University of Manitoba, and Virginia Tech is chronicled in this series. Included are lecture background materials, class assignment handouts and records, student projects, and student correspondence. The series also contains materials relating to Elarth's non-teaching duties, particularly his participation in committees and campus / local planning studies.","Series IV. Private Practice, 1927-1987. This series contains materials relating to various projects designed by Elarth, both individually and in partnership with Charles S. Worley Jr. The series begins with files devoted to a mural designed by Elarth, several competitions for which he submitted entries, and two projects on which he worked during the Great Depression. Covered in greater detail are three projects: the University of Manitoba bus terminal / bookstore; the Elarth residences in Fort Garry, Manitoba, and Blacksburg, Virginia; and the Montgomery County Public Health Center. The series also contains materials relating to other projects on which Elarth provided consultation and concludes with Elarth's awards, honors, and drafting kit. Note: Except where otherwise identified, all files in this series relate to Virginia Tech.","Series V. Architectural Organizations, 1961-1988. The materials in this series relate to Elarth's participation in several architectural organizations. The bulk of the material is devoted to the American Institute of Architects--both at the national and state levels--and reflects Elarth's interest in environmental policy. The series includes such materials as correspondence, memoranda, reports, and printed material, much of it devoted to such topics as surface mining, water quality, acid rain, and deforestation. The series also contains materials relating to other AIA committees on which Elarth served. Files relating to Elarth's participation in the Society of Architectural Historians--particularly regarding various society-sponsored tours--may also be found in this series. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHerschel Gustave Anderson Elarth, son of Gustave and Amanda Anderson Elarth, was born in Omaha, Nebraska on October 15, 1907.  Elarth attended the University of Illinois, earning a bachelor's degree in architecture in 1929. That same year, he submitted an entry for the Prix de Rome in architecture and was awarded first alternate. While attending college, Elarth also apprenticed with Omaha architect Thomas R. Kimball. Continuing his studies at the University of Illinois, Elarth earned a master of science in architecture in 1930, and in 1931, he took second place in the Society of Beaux Arts Architects' Paris Prize.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom 1931 to 1936, Elarth worked as an architectural designer in the Omaha firm of John and Alan MacDonald, playing a significant role in the final design of the Joslyn Art Museum. Moving to Los Angeles in 1937, Elarth worked for a year as a draftsman in the office of architect Richard J. Neutra. In January, 1938, Elarth took a position as professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. He married Wilhelmina van Ingen (1905-1969) in Norman, Oklahoma on April 2, 1942. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eElarth joined the U. S. Army in November, 1942. A first lieutenant, he served with the 826th Engineer Aviation Battalion, supervising the construction and maintenance of airfields. Following his honorable discharge in March, 1946, he took special studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the summer of 1947, Elarth worked for two months as an architect for the Los Angeles City Planning Commission before being hired as an associate professor of architecture at the University of Manitoba. While there, he served as a consultant to the Winnipeg Town Planning Commission and designed the university's bus terminal and bookstore. He also designed the Fort Garry home in which the Elarths would live while in Manitoba.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1954, Elarth was hired as a professor of architecture at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. In addition to teaching and advising students, Elarth served as a member of the University Council, the VPI Self-Study and University Library Committee, the Judicial Committee, and the Wine Awards Committee. He also provided design consultation on what would eventually become Cowgill Hall. Early in his career at Virginia Tech, Elarth entered into a partnership with fellow architectural professor Charles S. Worley Jr., and among the projects they designed were the Montgomery County Public Health Center in Christiansburg and the Elarth residence in Blacksburg.  Throughout the 1970s, Elarth was active in several architectural organizations, and was particularly involved in the environmental efforts of the American Institute of Architects (AIA). His contributions to architecture were recognized when he was elected a Fellow in the AIA in 1978.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eElarth married Eva Robert Frook (1917-1984) in Blacksburg, Virginia, in 1971, and he retired from the university in 1977. He continued, however, to be active as professor emeritus and in several architectural organizations. In 1984, Elarth sold his Blacksburg home and moved to Warm Hearth Village retirement community, where he also served on the board of directors. Herschel Elarth died in 1988. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth, son of Gustave and Amanda Anderson Elarth, was born in Omaha, Nebraska on October 15, 1907.  Elarth attended the University of Illinois, earning a bachelor's degree in architecture in 1929. That same year, he submitted an entry for the Prix de Rome in architecture and was awarded first alternate. While attending college, Elarth also apprenticed with Omaha architect Thomas R. Kimball. Continuing his studies at the University of Illinois, Elarth earned a master of science in architecture in 1930, and in 1931, he took second place in the Society of Beaux Arts Architects' Paris Prize.","From 1931 to 1936, Elarth worked as an architectural designer in the Omaha firm of John and Alan MacDonald, playing a significant role in the final design of the Joslyn Art Museum. Moving to Los Angeles in 1937, Elarth worked for a year as a draftsman in the office of architect Richard J. Neutra. In January, 1938, Elarth took a position as professor of architecture at the University of Oklahoma. He married Wilhelmina van Ingen (1905-1969) in Norman, Oklahoma on April 2, 1942. ","Elarth joined the U. S. Army in November, 1942. A first lieutenant, he served with the 826th Engineer Aviation Battalion, supervising the construction and maintenance of airfields. Following his honorable discharge in March, 1946, he took special studies at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.","During the summer of 1947, Elarth worked for two months as an architect for the Los Angeles City Planning Commission before being hired as an associate professor of architecture at the University of Manitoba. While there, he served as a consultant to the Winnipeg Town Planning Commission and designed the university's bus terminal and bookstore. He also designed the Fort Garry home in which the Elarths would live while in Manitoba.","In 1954, Elarth was hired as a professor of architecture at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. In addition to teaching and advising students, Elarth served as a member of the University Council, the VPI Self-Study and University Library Committee, the Judicial Committee, and the Wine Awards Committee. He also provided design consultation on what would eventually become Cowgill Hall. Early in his career at Virginia Tech, Elarth entered into a partnership with fellow architectural professor Charles S. Worley Jr., and among the projects they designed were the Montgomery County Public Health Center in Christiansburg and the Elarth residence in Blacksburg.  Throughout the 1970s, Elarth was active in several architectural organizations, and was particularly involved in the environmental efforts of the American Institute of Architects (AIA). His contributions to architecture were recognized when he was elected a Fellow in the AIA in 1978.","Elarth married Eva Robert Frook (1917-1984) in Blacksburg, Virginia, in 1971, and he retired from the university in 1977. He continued, however, to be active as professor emeritus and in several architectural organizations. In 1984, Elarth sold his Blacksburg home and moved to Warm Hearth Village retirement community, where he also served on the board of directors. Herschel Elarth died in 1988. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers, Ms1984-182, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers commenced in November 2014 and was completed in January 2016. Additional bidder instructions and contracts were added to Box 3, Folder 25 in July 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth Papers commenced in November 2014 and was completed in January 2016. Additional bidder instructions and contracts were added to Box 3, Folder 25 in July 2019."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following related collections are also held at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1253.xml\" title=\"Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth Papers (Ms1969-004)\"\u003eWilhelmina van Ingen Elarth Papers (Ms1969-004)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2028.xml\" title=\"Charles S. Worley, Jr., Collection, 1950-1982, undated (Ms1996-017)\"\u003eCharles S. Worley, Jr., Collection, 1950-1982, undated (Ms1996-017)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3423.xml\" title=\"\u0026gt;Herschel Elarth-Charles Worley Architectural Firm Drawings (Ms2019-036)\"\u003eHerschel Elarth-Charles Worley Architectural Firm Drawings (Ms2019-036)\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The following related collections are also held at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives:","Wilhelmina van Ingen Elarth Papers (Ms1969-004)","Charles S. Worley, Jr., Collection, 1950-1982, undated (Ms1996-017)","Herschel Elarth-Charles Worley Architectural Firm Drawings (Ms2019-036)"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of architect Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth, a professor at University of Oklahoma (1938-1942), University of Manitoba (1947-1954), and Virginia Tech (1954-1977). The collection includes such materials as correspondence, photographs, scrapbooks, artwork, printed materials, course materials, architectural drawings, and ephemera relating to Elarth's personal life, experiences in World War II with the 826th Engineer Aviation Battalion, teaching career, private practice, organizational activities, and awards and honors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNote: Except where otherwise identified, all files in this series relate to Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of architect Herschel Gustave Anderson Elarth, a professor at University of Oklahoma (1938-1942), University of Manitoba (1947-1954), and Virginia Tech (1954-1977). The collection includes such materials as correspondence, photographs, scrapbooks, artwork, printed materials, course materials, architectural drawings, and ephemera relating to Elarth's personal life, experiences in World War II with the 826th Engineer Aviation Battalion, teaching career, private practice, organizational activities, and awards and honors.","Note: Except where otherwise identified, all files in this series relate to Virginia Tech."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following items were removed from the collection, to be added to the Rare Book Collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"The Blue Ridge Parkway studies: policy, development, environmental, visual.\" Blacksburg, VA: Omnibus Studio, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, [1984]. (Call number  LD5655.A542 L3 1984c Spec VT)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Roanoke Fine Arts Center history, 1952-1977\u003c/title\u003e. Roanoke, VA: Roanoke Fine Arts Center, [1978]. (Call number  N717 .A54 1977 Spec Large)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eLand, issues and problems\u003c/title\u003e. (nos. 45-46, 50, 55-56). Blacksburg, VA: Cooperative Extension Service, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1979-1981.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eMt. San Angelo's artists: a touring exhibition of works from the collection of the Virginia Center for the Creative Arts: September, 1985 - August, 1986\u003c/title\u003e. [Sweet Briar, VA: Virginia Center for the Creative Arts, 1985]. (Call number N6512 .V57 1985 copy 2 Spec Small)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShippee, Elizabeth Wright. \"On receipt of a Stephan Lochner Madonna.\" [S.l.: s.n., 1936?]. (Call number  ND588.L8 S55 1936 Spec Folio)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTaliesin: the Taliesin Fellowship publication\u003c/title\u003e (vol. 1, no. 2). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Fellowship, 1941. (Call number  NA1 .T14, v. 1, no. 2, Spec Large)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTaliesin square-paper\u003c/title\u003e (no. 6). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Press, [1941].\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTaliesin square-paper\u003c/title\u003e (no. 8). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Press, [1945].\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eTaliesin square-paper\u003c/title\u003e (unnumbered). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Press, [1941].\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eWorld's Columbian Exposition, 1893: official catalogue. Part X. Department K. Fine Arts.\u003c/title\u003e Chicago: W. B. Gonkey, 1893. (Call number  N4500 .A5 1893 Spec Large)\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following items were removed from the collection, to be added to the Rare Book Collection:","\"The Blue Ridge Parkway studies: policy, development, environmental, visual.\" Blacksburg, VA: Omnibus Studio, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, [1984]. (Call number  LD5655.A542 L3 1984c Spec VT)","The Roanoke Fine Arts Center history, 1952-1977 . Roanoke, VA: Roanoke Fine Arts Center, [1978]. (Call number  N717 .A54 1977 Spec Large)","Land, issues and problems . (nos. 45-46, 50, 55-56). Blacksburg, VA: Cooperative Extension Service, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1979-1981.","Mt. San Angelo's artists: a touring exhibition of works from the collection of the Virginia Center for the Creative Arts: September, 1985 - August, 1986 . [Sweet Briar, VA: Virginia Center for the Creative Arts, 1985]. (Call number N6512 .V57 1985 copy 2 Spec Small)","Shippee, Elizabeth Wright. \"On receipt of a Stephan Lochner Madonna.\" [S.l.: s.n., 1936?]. (Call number  ND588.L8 S55 1936 Spec Folio)","Taliesin: the Taliesin Fellowship publication  (vol. 1, no. 2). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Fellowship, 1941. (Call number  NA1 .T14, v. 1, no. 2, Spec Large)","Taliesin square-paper  (no. 6). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Press, [1941].","Taliesin square-paper  (no. 8). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Press, [1945].","Taliesin square-paper  (unnumbered). Spring Green, WI: Taliesin Press, [1941].","World's Columbian Exposition, 1893: official catalogue. Part X. Department K. Fine Arts.  Chicago: W. B. Gonkey, 1893. (Call number  N4500 .A5 1893 Spec Large)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_83bd7580711d55c2e15bc84f7da58f79\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe papers of Herschel G. A. Elarth, Virginia Tech professor of architecture, includes correspondence, subject files, class materials, photographs, printed materials, artwork, scrapbooks, and ephemera chronicling Elarth's personal life, teaching and military careers, private practice, and participation in various architectural organizations.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The papers of Herschel G. A. Elarth, Virginia Tech professor of architecture, includes correspondence, subject files, class materials, photographs, printed materials, artwork, scrapbooks, and ephemera chronicling Elarth's personal life, teaching and military careers, private practice, and participation in various architectural organizations."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c5b621d22c288133433e76673995976e\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Elarth, Herschel Anderson, 1907-1988"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Elarth, Herschel Anderson, 1907-1988"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":182,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:14:48.260Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1404_c02_c11"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246_c29","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wright, Grace Y.","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246_c29#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMrs. Hunt 1951 \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFrank Shirk 1961, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969 \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eR. M. Larimer 1970 \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\"The Facts about Your Income Tax\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\"Vietnam Events Parallel China of 20 Years Ago\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\"Have a Good Cry and Live Longer\"\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMiscellaneous cancelled stamps and envelopes\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\"Observations on Greece in 1972\" by M.C. Balfor\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246_c29#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246_c29","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246_c29"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246_c29","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"text":["Daniel E. Wright Papers","Wright, Grace Y.","box 2","folder 8","Mrs. Hunt  1951  Frank Shirk  1961, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969  R. M. Larimer  1970  \"The Facts about Your Income Tax\" \"Vietnam Events Parallel China of 20 Years Ago\" \"Have a Good Cry and Live Longer\" Miscellaneous cancelled stamps and envelopes \"Observations on Greece in 1972\" by M.C. Balfor"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wright, Grace Y.","title_ssm":["Wright, Grace Y."],"title_tesim":["Wright, Grace Y."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1951-1973"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1951/1973"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wright, Grace Y."],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":29,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973],"containers_ssim":["box 2","folder 8"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\n  \u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMrs. Hunt \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFrank Shirk \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1961, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eR. M. Larimer \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1970 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Facts about Your Income Tax\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Vietnam Events Parallel China of 20 Years Ago\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Have a Good Cry and Live Longer\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMiscellaneous cancelled stamps and envelopes\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Observations on Greece in 1972\" by M.C. Balfor\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Mrs. Hunt  1951  Frank Shirk  1961, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969  R. M. Larimer  1970  \"The Facts about Your Income Tax\" \"Vietnam Events Parallel China of 20 Years Ago\" \"Have a Good Cry and Live Longer\" Miscellaneous cancelled stamps and envelopes \"Observations on Greece in 1972\" by M.C. Balfor"],"_nest_path_":"/components#28","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:19:03.020Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1246.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Wright, Daniel E., Papers","title_ssm":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"title_tesim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1903-1973"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1903-1973"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1968.007"],"text":["Ms.1968.007","Daniel E. Wright Papers","Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","Photographs","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject matter.","Born in Winchester, Virginia, Daniel E. Wright recieved a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1904. He went on to participate in the construction of the Panama Canal and in the public health activities which rid the Canal Zone of yellow fever and malaria. In 1921, Wright was awarded the Theodor Roosevelt Medal of Honor for this work in the Canal Zone. He then served as a consultant (1921-29) for the Columbian and Panamanian governments, joined the staff of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1929, and worked in Greece and Turkey on water supply and disease control. Wright also worked with the United Nations Public Health Service (UNPHS) in Burma during World War II, before joining the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) from 1944 until 1949.","The guide to the Daniel E. Wright Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Daniel E. Wright Papers commenced in August 2006 and was completed in September 2006. Preliminary processing took place in 2001.","The collection consists of materials from 1903 to 1973 with the bulk from the 1940s and 1950s. This collection contains reports, speeches, magazine and newspaper articles, and correspondence concerning Daniel E. Wright's travels and sanitation work in the Panama Canal, Greece, Turkey, and the Middle East. ","During this period Wright pioneered the use of DDT to control malaria, dysentery, and other endemic diseases afflicting the Greek population. Collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the UNRRA and the UNPHS. Also includes extensive correspondence to his family while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and later of the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, and photographs (ca. 250) from his travels.","Letters from Greece Picture of Greece Sanitation Team Miscellaneous Pictures of Greece \"Suppressive Treatment of Malaria\" \"Prevention of Malaria on Field Service\" \"Practical Field Application of DDT for Malaria Control\" \"Measurement: Basic Mathematical Definitions\"","Greek Paper Money  Miscellaneous Photographs Ration Card United Nations' Certificate of Identity Residential Lease Honorable Discharge from the United States Health Service Living Allowance Card","Federal Security Agency, U.S. Public Health Service United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) Alvin J. Roseman  George Strode of the Rockefeller Foundation  March 16, 1944  Headquarters AAF Redistribution Station No. 2 Theodore Hiatt Pamphlet About Daniel Wright Jr. \"Our World Today: The Younger Generation and WWII\" Federal Security Agency, U.S. Public Health Service George Strode of the Rockefeller Foundation  November 22, 1944, June 29, 1945, June 11, 1946 President and Members of the Association of Doctors Hygienists of Greece UNRRA Travel Authorization Little Mary  1946  Prof. G. Ioakimoglou of the Kingdom of Greece Superior; Health Council, Athens  November 28, 1946 ","Dr. Sawyer UNRRA  January 16, 1947  Grace Wright  May 26, June 2, 1947  W.J. Shappa of the U.N. World Health Organization Interim Commission  August 26, 1947  The City Council of Rethymnon  October 11, 1947  Dr. Floridis Barclay of The Reader's Digest Office of International Editions  1948  E.J. Pampana of the World Health Organization (W.H.O.) Interim Commission, Geneva  July 22, 1948  Henry F. Grady W.H. Hena  August 27, 1948  Apostle N. Depastas/Ellamdra Hellenic- American Activity  October 1, 1948  The Rockefeller Foundation  October 29, 1948  Paul Bierstein, Public Health Engineer of the W.H.O.  November 14, 1947, November 8, November 23, 1948  G. Kenabassuiy  November 22, 1948  Prof. Ioakimogiou  December 22, 1946  R.C. Vayanos  December 1948  Reunion of Panama Canal Workers  1948  M. Kotsianos, Kingdom of Greece; Ministry of Hygiene  March 19, 1947  Michael Callas, John Hopkins University, School of Engineering  April 5, 1947  Inland Alkaloid Co. Manufacturing Chemists  April 17, May 6, 1947  Mr. Y.C. Mar-Chief Sanitary Engineer, National Health Organization; Nanking, China  May 27, 1947  Smitie  May 31, 1947  Dr. Strode  Sept 7, 1947; July 19, 1948; March 23, 1948  Harry E. Taylor, Administrator, St. Croix, Virgin Islands  July 2, 1947  Dr. Seyfettin Okan, Director General of Malaria Control, Ministry of Health Social Assistance in Ankara-Turkey  September 30, 1947  H.B. Redd, Secretary Treasurer Virginia Tech Alumni Assn. Blacksburg, VA  October 1, 1947  Dr. E. Pampana, Secretary of the Expert Committee on Malaria  October 16, 1947  George, concerning Malaria on the island of Crete  October 24, 1947  Haas  October 31, 1947  General Wood  November 4, 1947  His Excellency, Minister of Health  November 21, 1947; September 1, 1948; September 7, 1948  Joe  December 6, 1947  W.J. Bartlet, Secretary-Treasurer, Panama Canal Society of FLA  December 17, 1947  Dr. Balfouri  December 17, 1947  John D. Brown, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, House of Representatives  December 29, 1947  Nick  January 19, February 28, June 12, 1948  Resident Director of Lake Copais Company Limited  February 24, 1948  Gov. Dwight P. Griswold, Chief of AMAG  April 17, 1948  Editor of the Newspaper Vradini  May 10, 1948  Bal  May 28, 1948  Brother Eddey  June 24, 1948; July 1948  L.H. Tung, Sanitary Engineer, Corps of Sanitary Engineers  June 24, 1948  Dr. Cermal Or in Etimesut, Turkey  June 28, 1948  David W. Lynch of Velsicol Corporation  June 28, July 12, August 27, 1948  Laurens P. Jones of Winchester, Hiram Lodge No. 21  August 10, 1948  Lt. Col. J.H. Williams, Managing Director  August 10, 1948  His Excellency the Minister of Hygiene  September 13, 1948  Col. P. Troxler, Corps of Engineers  August 23, August 25, 1948  Dr. Grant  September 2, 1948  Professor John  September 21, 1948  List of Sanitary Supplies to be Purchased with AMAG Funds Malaria Control Campaign Paper Statistics on Greece \"Airplane Spray Work in Greece by D. Wright\" W.H.O. Greece Mission  August 20, 1948  Malaria Control and Sanitation Program, Budget  1947-48  Note on Chlorodane \"Field Trials with Gammexene as a Means of Malaria Control by Adult Mosquitoes Destruction in Sierra Leone\" Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology W.H.O. Summary of Estimated Costs","\"Portraits of Soviet Scientists\" \"Belgium is Britain's Baby\"  \"Russia in the Mediterranean\"  October 7, 1944  \"The Molotov Mystery\"  March 14, 1949  Greek Guerrillas \"Russian Fairy Tale\"  September 1947  Greek Newsletter \"Jefferson Malone\"  May 31, 1948  \"Europe's Most Frightened Country\" (Greece)  December 29, 1945  \"Wanted: A Miracle in Greece\" By Paul A. Porter  September 20, 1947  \"New England Get Together\" by Andre Fontaine  April 14, 1945  \"They Made Our World\" \"Youth in the Air Forces\"  February 3, 1945  \"Berlin: City Of Fear\" by George Ladvar  March 3, 1945  \"My 3 Years with Eisenhower\" by Capt. Harry C. Butcher, USNR  December 15, 1945  \"U.S. Foreign Policy in Asia\" \"Can China Unite? by Mark Gayn\"  February 3, 1945 ","\"Supplement to the Organization Chart\" \"Chart of the Insect Control and General Sanitation Organization\" Map of DDT Spraying Pattern in Greece  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Alexandropoulos Area, Thrace Greece  May 30-June 15, 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Macedonia and Thrace, Greece  January-April 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Olympia Area, West Peloponnesus, Greece  August 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Mytilene Island, Greece  July 17-August 10, 1945  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Northern Corfu Island  July 3-14, 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Thesprotia and Epirus  April 24-May 13, 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Crete  March 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Greece Parasite Indices Percentages of Villages in Greek Macedonia Char  1932-1945  \"Number of Patients with Malaria Positive Blood in Greece\" Chart  1942-1946  \"DDT Residual Spray Experiment in Petroto, Macedonia\" Chart  September-October, June 1945  \"Malaria Control DDT Airspray Program\" Map of Greece  1946  \"The Swamps of Greece\" Map \"Suggested Co-operative Survey of the Island of Crete Chart\"","Daily News Digest (UNRRA Greece Mission)  June 8, 1945; June 14; June 15; June 16; November 7; November 9; November 16; November 22; November 29, December 7; December 8, 1945; January 4, 1946; January 14; January 18; February 18; April 15; May 11; July 11; July 13; July 15; July 17; July 19; July 22, 1946  UNRRA News Review  October 24, 1946  Daily News Bulletin of the U.S. Information Service, U.S. Embassy   October 5-6, 1947; November 1, 1947; March 29, 1948  Press Release; American Mission For Aid to Greece","\"Greeks Capitalize on U.S. Ships\" Greek Comics \"Concentration of Fighting Forces All Along Greek Border\" \"Food Conference Awaits Russians\" \"Half of Greeks Look to America to Bring Peace\" \"Greek Police Quit Area Near Border\" \"Lehman May Head Nations' Pool at Parley\"  \"United Nations' Relief Plans are Considered\" \"A Reporter's Report to the Nation\" \"Life in N. Africa is Anything But Monotonous\" \"Patient Governor Lehman Gets Food and Relief to Poland\" \"Should Churchill's Policy on Greece Be Supported\" \"F.D.R. Agreed to Let British Dominate in Greece, Yugoslavia\" \"Greek Crisis Reveals Weakness of U.N.\" \"W.H.O. vs. Malaria\" \"Terms in Advance Proposed for Giving Aid to Greece\" \"U.S. Continues to Foot Bill for British in Greece\" Union Jack  November 1, 1947; December 6, 1947; December 22, 1947; May 29, 1948  \"Making the Seas Safe Again\"  \"Truant's Voyage Around Italy\" \"The Corner Column\" Map of Greece and Athens \"Bandits in Greece\" \"This Farm Stands for Freedom\" Athens Days  February 15-18, 25, 1945  \"King George II Ends his 5 Year Exile in England\" The Athens Gazette  January 11, 25, April 18, 1948  Athens Herald  April 11; June 24, 1946  Army and Navy Bulletin  May 4, 1946  Untranslated Greek Newspapers The Stars and Stripes  June 6, 1944  Comic concerning Wright","\"Russia Peace or War?\" \"What the UN Relief Agreement Means to you\" \"Delphes Greece\" \"The Antiquities of Ephesus\"  \"Lessons in Malariology from WWII\" Two Translated Pages from Greek Pamphlet \"Report of the Activities of the Sanitation Section of Health Division UNRRA\" \"Bergama Kermes I\" \"Britain and Ceylon\" \"Dispatch Submitted by Field Marshal the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein\" \"Anatolia College\" \"Greece and Greek Civilization as Results of Economic Expansion\" \"Greek Red Cross Monthly Bulletin\" \"DDT: Its Effect on Fish and Wildlife\" \"British Honduras\" \"Personnel Regulations for the Field Service\" \"Rural Water-Supply Sanitation\" World Report  July 4, 1946 ","Incomplete Report on Typhoid Infected Water Justification for Sanitation and Malaria Control in Greece Insecticide Spraying Statistics Small Biography on Daniel Wright Preliminary Report on the Uses of DDT in Greece  1946  Memo to Dr. Chisholm About Visas \"Malaria Control 1946, Larva Control\" \"The Program of Insect Control on Crete\" Form for Airlines Outline for Radio Speech by D. Wright  Order Form for Supplies and Materials  Suggested Budget for U.S. Educational Foundation in Greece  1948-49  \"Move to Rid American Legion of Fascists\"  March 22, 1943  Carey Longmire's Broadcast  August 12, 1946  Practical Field Application of DDT For Malaria Control Packet containing several reports and reviews concerning Malaria Control in Greece General Sanitation and Malaria Control in Greece Report about Malaria in Different Regions in Greece \"Directions for Effective and Economical Uses of DDT when applied by Private Individuals\" \"DDT For Relief and Rehabilitation\" By Gordon E. Smith UNRRA Supplies, Equipment, and Materials Malaria in Greece and the Use of DDT in General General Sanitation \"Crete Will Become a Paradise\" \"Malaria Past and Present in Greece\" \"U.S. Aids Greece in Fight Against Malaria\"  November 16, 1948  \"Pelleted Seed for Reforestation\" By Paul O. Rudolf Proposed Reconnaissance Survey Form International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation  January 1, 1947  The Rockefeller Foundation Packing List and Commercial Invoice New Quarters for the Labs Staff Notes Memo: Airplane Maintenance Supplies Against DP-MD-206  January 3, 1947 ","Passport Map of Near East Miscellaneous Photos","Letter to Friends Describing Conflict Between Jewish Settlers and Palestinians  December 8, 1954  Archer  October 7, 1955  Eid Dahman  1956  A. Koskinides  December 21, 1957; March 1961 ","\"Better Health for Basra\"  September 29, 1955  \"Light on the Litani\" \"Anglo-Saxons and Arab Culture\" \"Showdown in the Middle East\"  October 21, 1950  \"Is Formosa Next\"  1950  \"Next Targets for Stalin\"  1950  \"Palestine: New Type of Jew Fights for a Homeland\" \"The Epic of Man: Part VI-The Oldest Nation: Egypt\"","\"Toward Stability in Asia\"  September 12, 1955  \"How West Serves East\" \"Only U.S. Aid Can Save S.E. Asia\"  1956  The Daily Star  March 1, March 12, March 15-16, May 6, October 8-9, October 27, February 11, February 17-18, December 9, December 20, December 25, 1955  \"Jerusalem Hospital to Fight Eye Disease\" \"The Israelis Gave Us Reason to Criticize\" by Elmer and Ruth Berger \"Bustani Calls Creation of Israel Greatest International Immorality\" \"Motto of UNRWA Primary Schools: This is Better Than Nothing\" \"U.S. Relations with Egypt and Arab States Worse than They Appear\" \"How does the Lebanese Government Spend its Money\" \"Celal Bayar of Turkey: Hard Work, Few Words Led to Presidency\" \"U.S. Bases in Spain Built Without Friction\" Star and Herald   May 1, 1954  Tehran Journal   August 4-5, 9, 12, 16, 1955  \"Our Weapons Against Malaria\" \"Toynbee Tells How Zionism Secured American Support\"","\"Haven [for the Homeless] a Reality\"  1954  \"Extension to Chlordane of the Resistance to DDT Observed in Anopheles Sacharovi\" by G. D. Georgopoulos \"The Near East: a Publication of the Near East Society\"  1954  \"The Philippines\"  1960  \"New People in New China: Some Personal Glimpses of People in China\" by Maud Russell \"Suggested Criteria for Evaluating Certain Types of Technical Assistance Programs\"  1957  \"A Note on Typhus in Egypt and the Sudan\" by R. M. Taylor, J. R. Kingston, and Farag Rizk  1957  \"World-Wide Malaria Distribution, Prevalence, and Control\" by Paul F. Russell  1956  \"Yellow Fever: a Symposium in Commemoration of Carlos Juan Finlay\"  1955  \"Bulletin of the Near East Society\"  March, May November, December 1952; January, February, March, May, December 1953  Pan American Sanitary Bureau, Regional Office of the W.H.O.; Annual Report of the Director  1956 ","Howard Karagheusian Organization Observations on Technical Assistance to Governments of Underdeveloped Countries  1955  Report Concerning Lebanon by D. Wright  1955  \"A Brief Report Covering Some Impressions Gained of Work Being Done by the N.E.F. in the Near East During My Fourteen Months Association\" by D. Wright  1955  \"Proposed Training Course for the Sanitation Division of the Public Health Department of the Ministry of Health of Iran\"  1957  \"The Near East as I See it\" by D. Wright \"Operation and Maintenance of Sewer Systems\" \"A List of Tools and Equipment that are Necessary to Start a Sanitary Program with Class and Field Work\"  1950  \"Tentative Program of Sanitary Service\" \"Sketch of Fog Generator to Relieve Annoyance From Mosquitoes and Other Flying Insects\"  1954  Reports and Programs Regarding Malaria in Greece  1955  \"Facts About the Armenian Population of Syria\" \"Trip Report-Iran\"  1949  \"Near East Foundation, Annual Report of the Director of Programs\"  December 1956  Incomplete Report Concerning Technical Support Programs for Underdeveloped Countries \"Use of Various Types of Spray Materials\" Near East Foundation Budgetary Information \"Suggested Program of Economic Development for Iraq\" \"Suggestions Growing Out of Discussions with Ford Foundations Representatives Relative to a Total Program in the Middle East for Helping Retarded People to Help Themselves\" N.E.F Statement of Income and Expenditure   July 1, 1950-June 30, 1951  N.E.F. Budget for Iraq Summary \"The United Nations, a Working Organization as Planned by it's Founders, and Not the Debating Society, Which Receives so Much Publicity\" \"Points of Contact in Coordinating the Efforts of N.E.F. and A.U.B. in an Over-all Approach to the Problems of Certain Countries of the Middle East\"","President's Address  November 16, 1906  Panama Canal Reminiscences","Flyer for a Speech Given by Wright's Son  Brief Account of Wright's Work in Burma","Laird Arche  December 19,1950; March 5, 1951, August 3, 1956  William Bieler  January 3, 1951  M.C. Balfor  May 2, 1951  Harry Scherman and Bernadine Kielty  October 14, 1951  F. W. Knipe  November 15, 1953  H. B. Redd  July 22, 1954  William Russell  January 27, 1958  Thomas Martin  February 2, 1957  John D. Hollen  December 9, 1958  Burr P. Harrison  January 12, 1961 ","\"If Russians Overrun European Nations, Americans Will Lose Their Way of Life\" \"Abram's Delight\" by Richard Griffith  1944  \"Greece Regaining Wealth in Mines\"  1952  \"The Margin for Terror\" \"Canal is Opposed for the Seaway\"  January 31, 1958  \"Where We Came In\" by Ernest Lindley \"Cyprus: Tourist Mecca Lost?\" \"Big Ditch' was Big News to Them Half Century Ago\"  /  Athens News  January 21, 1956  Excerpt from \"After the Seventh Day\" by Ritchie Calder \"Twenty-three Years of Experience with Our First Socialist Experiment\" \"It Started in Panama: Where Will it Stop?\" by Earl Harding  September 1, 1953  \"It Started in Panama: Where Will it Stop?\" by Earl Harding  September 1, 1953  \"The Panama Canal Problem\"  1954  \"The Great Trek of the Kazaks from Chinese Turkestan\"  December 31, 1953  \"Judgments and Prophecies\" \"Russia's Weapon of Satellitism\"  1951  \"Can We Break the Stalemate with Russia?\"  1951  \"Kremlin Blueprint\" by Louis J. Alber  \"U.S. Sinks Billions in Bases\"  1953  \"All Americans Must Know How Reds Work in Our Government\"  1959  \"Here's What Malenkov Thinks of the U.S.\"  1952  \"Panama Canal Problem Calls for Action\" by H. D. Vogel  1958  \"My Four Months with the Headhunters\"  \"Is the State Department's White Paper a 'Post Mortem' for China?\" \"Continuing the Rockefeller Foundation Story: Millions for Modern Medicine\"  1951  \"Continuing the Rockefeller Foundation Story: Man's Greatest Challenge\"  1951  \"Secret Boss of the Nation Press Club\"  1950  \"How Can We Lick Stalin\" by Bonner Fellers  1950  \"MacArthur is Not to Blame [for Korea]\"  1950  \"Why I Had to Step Aside\" by Edwin G. Nourse  February 18, 1950  \"Stalin's American Mouthpiece\" by Fredrick Woltman  October 21, 1950  \"U.N.'s Merciful War: The World Health Organization Seeks a Victory for Mankind in an All-Out Attack on Disease\"  January 1, 1950  \"Our Mightiest Ghost\"  April 28, 1951  \"Battling Diseases\" by William Dutton  May 5, 1951  \"Mr. Truman's Mystery Man\" by Alfred Steinberg  1949 ","\"The Battle that Squanders Billions\"  1949  \"Our Challenge in Oil's Second Century\" by Robert Dunlop  1959  \"The Panama Canal: A Report by the Special Committee on the Panama Canal\"  1956  \"U.N. Action is for Peace\" \"Freedom's Case Against Dean Acheson\"  \"Needed: An American Policy, Not a Foreign Policy\" \"Living and Working in the Canal Zone\"  November 1958  \"Centennial Year, 1858-1958, Canal Zone Program of Events November 9-15, 1958\" United Nations Bulletin  January 15, 1953  \"Face to Face with the Russians: Report of a Peace Mission to the Soviet Union\"  1959  Dan Smoot Report  May 11, 1959  \"Mancha Gris, a New Leaf Disease of Bean in Colombia\" by R.L. Skiles and Canuto Cardona-Alvarez \"Panama Canal Problem\"  1966  Panama Canal Review  November 4, 1960  \"Isthmian Canal Policy-An Evaluation\" by Miles P. DuVal  1955  \"Kyasanur Forest Disease III: A Preliminary Report on the Nature of the Infection and Clinical Manifestations in Human Beings\"  May 11, 1957  \"Roosevelt Medal Holders' Tape Recorder Guest Book: Word-for-Word Reminiscences of 35 Old-timers Who Helped to Dig the Panama Canal\"  1958 ","Incomplete Report Concerning the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation  1951  Rockefeller Foundation Newsletter  May 1959  World Health Organization Newsletters  January and February 1958  \"Panama Canal Zone: Constitutional Domain of the United States\" by Daniel J. Flood  March 26, 1958  \"Should We Permit the Memory of Many Old-Time Panama Canal Heroes to be Buried in Oblivion?\" \"Is Our Effort to Control the Spread of Communism in the World being Intelligently Administered?\" Minutes of the American Council of Voluntary Agencies  November 30, 1950  \"Community Development Programs in Greece with Special Consideration of Welfare through Employment\"  1953  \"Trying to Beat the Gun in War\" \"After Re-armament What?\" \"Greece Today\" The Digester  Spring-Summer 1950  Copy of the 1903 Isthmian Canal Convention","American Friends Service Committee The Rockefeller Foundation Article about D. Wright (Bomb Scare at Chinese Capital) Dora Sevening of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art W.A. Sawyer Grace Wright Crawford F. Sams Federal Security Agency (U.S. Public Health Service)","\"What to do with Japan\" by Wilfred Fleisher \"Morocco Feast: the Potent of Rehamna Tribe Entertains General Clark and Staff\"  1943 ","Military Parade \n \"Interpreting War News\" \"Career Men Conduct Underhand\" \"Purge of Pro-Welles Diplomats\" \"Pearson Calls Steinhardt, U.S. Envoy to Turkey\" \"Lehman is Elected Head of UN Relief\"  \"The Flying Tigers\" \"Interpreting War News\" \"U.N. Conference at White House\" \"U.N. Group Intends Aiding Those Now Stricken\" \"49 Nations to Help Victims of War\" \"U.S. Rationing\" \"New League of Nations!\" \"The Guards and the Ghost\"","Greek Interpreter Dialogue \u0026 Dictionary \"The Truth About Pearl Harbor\" by John T. Flynn  1944  \"Handbook for Military Intelligence Interpreters: French\" \"Handbook on Foreign Maps\" \"Health, Medicine, and Sanitation in Bulgaria\" by Alexandra Feldmahn  1943 ","Postcards \n You Had a Virus?\" \"The United States in a New World: Relations with Britain\" \"The U.S. in a New World; The Domestic Economy\"","\"Our Illusions of Freedom\" by Colby Dorr Dam \"The Human Spirit can Win Peace\" by Colby Dorr Dam","Mrs. Hunt  1951  Frank Shirk  1961, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969  R. M. Larimer  1970  \"The Facts about Your Income Tax\" \"Vietnam Events Parallel China of 20 Years Ago\" \"Have a Good Cry and Live Longer\" Miscellaneous cancelled stamps and envelopes \"Observations on Greece in 1972\" by M.C. Balfor","Army Camp Kit Ceramic Greek Donkey Commission for Senior Sanitary Engineer,  1941  Commission for Sanitary Engineer Director  1944  Three Wooden Camels WWII German Mug WWII German Plate Handle from a Vessel, Marked \"from Tyre\" ","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Public Health Service, and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Also includes correspondence to and from Daniel E. Wright while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and at the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, as well as photographs from his travels.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Wright, Daniel E.","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1968.007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Daniel E. Wright Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Wright, Daniel E."],"creator_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E."],"creators_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was donated to the Special Collections prior to 1968 and in 1968, 1969, and 1970."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","Photographs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Diseases","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","Medicine","Science and Technology","Students and alumni","Photographs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs"],"date_range_isim":[1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by subject matter."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBorn in Winchester, Virginia, Daniel E. Wright recieved a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1904. He went on to participate in the construction of the Panama Canal and in the public health activities which rid the Canal Zone of yellow fever and malaria. In 1921, Wright was awarded the Theodor Roosevelt Medal of Honor for this work in the Canal Zone. He then served as a consultant (1921-29) for the Columbian and Panamanian governments, joined the staff of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1929, and worked in Greece and Turkey on water supply and disease control. Wright also worked with the United Nations Public Health Service (UNPHS) in Burma during World War II, before joining the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) from 1944 until 1949.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Winchester, Virginia, Daniel E. Wright recieved a B.S. in Civil Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute in 1904. He went on to participate in the construction of the Panama Canal and in the public health activities which rid the Canal Zone of yellow fever and malaria. In 1921, Wright was awarded the Theodor Roosevelt Medal of Honor for this work in the Canal Zone. He then served as a consultant (1921-29) for the Columbian and Panamanian governments, joined the staff of the Rockefeller Foundation in 1929, and worked in Greece and Turkey on water supply and disease control. Wright also worked with the United Nations Public Health Service (UNPHS) in Burma during World War II, before joining the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) from 1944 until 1949."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Daniel E. Wright Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Daniel E. Wright Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Daniel E. Wright Papers, Ms1968-007, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Daniel E. Wright Papers, Ms1968-007, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Daniel E. Wright Papers commenced in August 2006 and was completed in September 2006. Preliminary processing took place in 2001.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Daniel E. Wright Papers commenced in August 2006 and was completed in September 2006. Preliminary processing took place in 2001."],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents note","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of materials from 1903 to 1973 with the bulk from the 1940s and 1950s. This collection contains reports, speeches, magazine and newspaper articles, and correspondence concerning Daniel E. Wright's travels and sanitation work in the Panama Canal, Greece, Turkey, and the Middle East. ","During this period Wright pioneered the use of DDT to control malaria, dysentery, and other endemic diseases afflicting the Greek population. Collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the UNRRA and the UNPHS. Also includes extensive correspondence to his family while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and later of the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, and photographs (ca. 250) from his travels.","Letters from Greece Picture of Greece Sanitation Team Miscellaneous Pictures of Greece \"Suppressive Treatment of Malaria\" \"Prevention of Malaria on Field Service\" \"Practical Field Application of DDT for Malaria Control\" \"Measurement: Basic Mathematical Definitions\"","Greek Paper Money  Miscellaneous Photographs Ration Card United Nations' Certificate of Identity Residential Lease Honorable Discharge from the United States Health Service Living Allowance Card","Federal Security Agency, U.S. Public Health Service United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) Alvin J. Roseman  George Strode of the Rockefeller Foundation  March 16, 1944  Headquarters AAF Redistribution Station No. 2 Theodore Hiatt Pamphlet About Daniel Wright Jr. \"Our World Today: The Younger Generation and WWII\" Federal Security Agency, U.S. Public Health Service George Strode of the Rockefeller Foundation  November 22, 1944, June 29, 1945, June 11, 1946 President and Members of the Association of Doctors Hygienists of Greece UNRRA Travel Authorization Little Mary  1946  Prof. G. Ioakimoglou of the Kingdom of Greece Superior; Health Council, Athens  November 28, 1946 ","Dr. Sawyer UNRRA  January 16, 1947  Grace Wright  May 26, June 2, 1947  W.J. Shappa of the U.N. World Health Organization Interim Commission  August 26, 1947  The City Council of Rethymnon  October 11, 1947  Dr. Floridis Barclay of The Reader's Digest Office of International Editions  1948  E.J. Pampana of the World Health Organization (W.H.O.) Interim Commission, Geneva  July 22, 1948  Henry F. Grady W.H. Hena  August 27, 1948  Apostle N. Depastas/Ellamdra Hellenic- American Activity  October 1, 1948  The Rockefeller Foundation  October 29, 1948  Paul Bierstein, Public Health Engineer of the W.H.O.  November 14, 1947, November 8, November 23, 1948  G. Kenabassuiy  November 22, 1948  Prof. Ioakimogiou  December 22, 1946  R.C. Vayanos  December 1948  Reunion of Panama Canal Workers  1948  M. Kotsianos, Kingdom of Greece; Ministry of Hygiene  March 19, 1947  Michael Callas, John Hopkins University, School of Engineering  April 5, 1947  Inland Alkaloid Co. Manufacturing Chemists  April 17, May 6, 1947  Mr. Y.C. Mar-Chief Sanitary Engineer, National Health Organization; Nanking, China  May 27, 1947  Smitie  May 31, 1947  Dr. Strode  Sept 7, 1947; July 19, 1948; March 23, 1948  Harry E. Taylor, Administrator, St. Croix, Virgin Islands  July 2, 1947  Dr. Seyfettin Okan, Director General of Malaria Control, Ministry of Health Social Assistance in Ankara-Turkey  September 30, 1947  H.B. Redd, Secretary Treasurer Virginia Tech Alumni Assn. Blacksburg, VA  October 1, 1947  Dr. E. Pampana, Secretary of the Expert Committee on Malaria  October 16, 1947  George, concerning Malaria on the island of Crete  October 24, 1947  Haas  October 31, 1947  General Wood  November 4, 1947  His Excellency, Minister of Health  November 21, 1947; September 1, 1948; September 7, 1948  Joe  December 6, 1947  W.J. Bartlet, Secretary-Treasurer, Panama Canal Society of FLA  December 17, 1947  Dr. Balfouri  December 17, 1947  John D. Brown, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, House of Representatives  December 29, 1947  Nick  January 19, February 28, June 12, 1948  Resident Director of Lake Copais Company Limited  February 24, 1948  Gov. Dwight P. Griswold, Chief of AMAG  April 17, 1948  Editor of the Newspaper Vradini  May 10, 1948  Bal  May 28, 1948  Brother Eddey  June 24, 1948; July 1948  L.H. Tung, Sanitary Engineer, Corps of Sanitary Engineers  June 24, 1948  Dr. Cermal Or in Etimesut, Turkey  June 28, 1948  David W. Lynch of Velsicol Corporation  June 28, July 12, August 27, 1948  Laurens P. Jones of Winchester, Hiram Lodge No. 21  August 10, 1948  Lt. Col. J.H. Williams, Managing Director  August 10, 1948  His Excellency the Minister of Hygiene  September 13, 1948  Col. P. Troxler, Corps of Engineers  August 23, August 25, 1948  Dr. Grant  September 2, 1948  Professor John  September 21, 1948  List of Sanitary Supplies to be Purchased with AMAG Funds Malaria Control Campaign Paper Statistics on Greece \"Airplane Spray Work in Greece by D. Wright\" W.H.O. Greece Mission  August 20, 1948  Malaria Control and Sanitation Program, Budget  1947-48  Note on Chlorodane \"Field Trials with Gammexene as a Means of Malaria Control by Adult Mosquitoes Destruction in Sierra Leone\" Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology W.H.O. Summary of Estimated Costs","\"Portraits of Soviet Scientists\" \"Belgium is Britain's Baby\"  \"Russia in the Mediterranean\"  October 7, 1944  \"The Molotov Mystery\"  March 14, 1949  Greek Guerrillas \"Russian Fairy Tale\"  September 1947  Greek Newsletter \"Jefferson Malone\"  May 31, 1948  \"Europe's Most Frightened Country\" (Greece)  December 29, 1945  \"Wanted: A Miracle in Greece\" By Paul A. Porter  September 20, 1947  \"New England Get Together\" by Andre Fontaine  April 14, 1945  \"They Made Our World\" \"Youth in the Air Forces\"  February 3, 1945  \"Berlin: City Of Fear\" by George Ladvar  March 3, 1945  \"My 3 Years with Eisenhower\" by Capt. Harry C. Butcher, USNR  December 15, 1945  \"U.S. Foreign Policy in Asia\" \"Can China Unite? by Mark Gayn\"  February 3, 1945 ","\"Supplement to the Organization Chart\" \"Chart of the Insect Control and General Sanitation Organization\" Map of DDT Spraying Pattern in Greece  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Alexandropoulos Area, Thrace Greece  May 30-June 15, 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Macedonia and Thrace, Greece  January-April 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Olympia Area, West Peloponnesus, Greece  August 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Mytilene Island, Greece  July 17-August 10, 1945  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Northern Corfu Island  July 3-14, 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Thesprotia and Epirus  April 24-May 13, 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Crete  March 1946  Spleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Greece Parasite Indices Percentages of Villages in Greek Macedonia Char  1932-1945  \"Number of Patients with Malaria Positive Blood in Greece\" Chart  1942-1946  \"DDT Residual Spray Experiment in Petroto, Macedonia\" Chart  September-October, June 1945  \"Malaria Control DDT Airspray Program\" Map of Greece  1946  \"The Swamps of Greece\" Map \"Suggested Co-operative Survey of the Island of Crete Chart\"","Daily News Digest (UNRRA Greece Mission)  June 8, 1945; June 14; June 15; June 16; November 7; November 9; November 16; November 22; November 29, December 7; December 8, 1945; January 4, 1946; January 14; January 18; February 18; April 15; May 11; July 11; July 13; July 15; July 17; July 19; July 22, 1946  UNRRA News Review  October 24, 1946  Daily News Bulletin of the U.S. Information Service, U.S. Embassy   October 5-6, 1947; November 1, 1947; March 29, 1948  Press Release; American Mission For Aid to Greece","\"Greeks Capitalize on U.S. Ships\" Greek Comics \"Concentration of Fighting Forces All Along Greek Border\" \"Food Conference Awaits Russians\" \"Half of Greeks Look to America to Bring Peace\" \"Greek Police Quit Area Near Border\" \"Lehman May Head Nations' Pool at Parley\"  \"United Nations' Relief Plans are Considered\" \"A Reporter's Report to the Nation\" \"Life in N. Africa is Anything But Monotonous\" \"Patient Governor Lehman Gets Food and Relief to Poland\" \"Should Churchill's Policy on Greece Be Supported\" \"F.D.R. Agreed to Let British Dominate in Greece, Yugoslavia\" \"Greek Crisis Reveals Weakness of U.N.\" \"W.H.O. vs. Malaria\" \"Terms in Advance Proposed for Giving Aid to Greece\" \"U.S. Continues to Foot Bill for British in Greece\" Union Jack  November 1, 1947; December 6, 1947; December 22, 1947; May 29, 1948  \"Making the Seas Safe Again\"  \"Truant's Voyage Around Italy\" \"The Corner Column\" Map of Greece and Athens \"Bandits in Greece\" \"This Farm Stands for Freedom\" Athens Days  February 15-18, 25, 1945  \"King George II Ends his 5 Year Exile in England\" The Athens Gazette  January 11, 25, April 18, 1948  Athens Herald  April 11; June 24, 1946  Army and Navy Bulletin  May 4, 1946  Untranslated Greek Newspapers The Stars and Stripes  June 6, 1944  Comic concerning Wright","\"Russia Peace or War?\" \"What the UN Relief Agreement Means to you\" \"Delphes Greece\" \"The Antiquities of Ephesus\"  \"Lessons in Malariology from WWII\" Two Translated Pages from Greek Pamphlet \"Report of the Activities of the Sanitation Section of Health Division UNRRA\" \"Bergama Kermes I\" \"Britain and Ceylon\" \"Dispatch Submitted by Field Marshal the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein\" \"Anatolia College\" \"Greece and Greek Civilization as Results of Economic Expansion\" \"Greek Red Cross Monthly Bulletin\" \"DDT: Its Effect on Fish and Wildlife\" \"British Honduras\" \"Personnel Regulations for the Field Service\" \"Rural Water-Supply Sanitation\" World Report  July 4, 1946 ","Incomplete Report on Typhoid Infected Water Justification for Sanitation and Malaria Control in Greece Insecticide Spraying Statistics Small Biography on Daniel Wright Preliminary Report on the Uses of DDT in Greece  1946  Memo to Dr. Chisholm About Visas \"Malaria Control 1946, Larva Control\" \"The Program of Insect Control on Crete\" Form for Airlines Outline for Radio Speech by D. Wright  Order Form for Supplies and Materials  Suggested Budget for U.S. Educational Foundation in Greece  1948-49  \"Move to Rid American Legion of Fascists\"  March 22, 1943  Carey Longmire's Broadcast  August 12, 1946  Practical Field Application of DDT For Malaria Control Packet containing several reports and reviews concerning Malaria Control in Greece General Sanitation and Malaria Control in Greece Report about Malaria in Different Regions in Greece \"Directions for Effective and Economical Uses of DDT when applied by Private Individuals\" \"DDT For Relief and Rehabilitation\" By Gordon E. Smith UNRRA Supplies, Equipment, and Materials Malaria in Greece and the Use of DDT in General General Sanitation \"Crete Will Become a Paradise\" \"Malaria Past and Present in Greece\" \"U.S. Aids Greece in Fight Against Malaria\"  November 16, 1948  \"Pelleted Seed for Reforestation\" By Paul O. Rudolf Proposed Reconnaissance Survey Form International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation  January 1, 1947  The Rockefeller Foundation Packing List and Commercial Invoice New Quarters for the Labs Staff Notes Memo: Airplane Maintenance Supplies Against DP-MD-206  January 3, 1947 ","Passport Map of Near East Miscellaneous Photos","Letter to Friends Describing Conflict Between Jewish Settlers and Palestinians  December 8, 1954  Archer  October 7, 1955  Eid Dahman  1956  A. Koskinides  December 21, 1957; March 1961 ","\"Better Health for Basra\"  September 29, 1955  \"Light on the Litani\" \"Anglo-Saxons and Arab Culture\" \"Showdown in the Middle East\"  October 21, 1950  \"Is Formosa Next\"  1950  \"Next Targets for Stalin\"  1950  \"Palestine: New Type of Jew Fights for a Homeland\" \"The Epic of Man: Part VI-The Oldest Nation: Egypt\"","\"Toward Stability in Asia\"  September 12, 1955  \"How West Serves East\" \"Only U.S. Aid Can Save S.E. Asia\"  1956  The Daily Star  March 1, March 12, March 15-16, May 6, October 8-9, October 27, February 11, February 17-18, December 9, December 20, December 25, 1955  \"Jerusalem Hospital to Fight Eye Disease\" \"The Israelis Gave Us Reason to Criticize\" by Elmer and Ruth Berger \"Bustani Calls Creation of Israel Greatest International Immorality\" \"Motto of UNRWA Primary Schools: This is Better Than Nothing\" \"U.S. Relations with Egypt and Arab States Worse than They Appear\" \"How does the Lebanese Government Spend its Money\" \"Celal Bayar of Turkey: Hard Work, Few Words Led to Presidency\" \"U.S. Bases in Spain Built Without Friction\" Star and Herald   May 1, 1954  Tehran Journal   August 4-5, 9, 12, 16, 1955  \"Our Weapons Against Malaria\" \"Toynbee Tells How Zionism Secured American Support\"","\"Haven [for the Homeless] a Reality\"  1954  \"Extension to Chlordane of the Resistance to DDT Observed in Anopheles Sacharovi\" by G. D. Georgopoulos \"The Near East: a Publication of the Near East Society\"  1954  \"The Philippines\"  1960  \"New People in New China: Some Personal Glimpses of People in China\" by Maud Russell \"Suggested Criteria for Evaluating Certain Types of Technical Assistance Programs\"  1957  \"A Note on Typhus in Egypt and the Sudan\" by R. M. Taylor, J. R. Kingston, and Farag Rizk  1957  \"World-Wide Malaria Distribution, Prevalence, and Control\" by Paul F. Russell  1956  \"Yellow Fever: a Symposium in Commemoration of Carlos Juan Finlay\"  1955  \"Bulletin of the Near East Society\"  March, May November, December 1952; January, February, March, May, December 1953  Pan American Sanitary Bureau, Regional Office of the W.H.O.; Annual Report of the Director  1956 ","Howard Karagheusian Organization Observations on Technical Assistance to Governments of Underdeveloped Countries  1955  Report Concerning Lebanon by D. Wright  1955  \"A Brief Report Covering Some Impressions Gained of Work Being Done by the N.E.F. in the Near East During My Fourteen Months Association\" by D. Wright  1955  \"Proposed Training Course for the Sanitation Division of the Public Health Department of the Ministry of Health of Iran\"  1957  \"The Near East as I See it\" by D. Wright \"Operation and Maintenance of Sewer Systems\" \"A List of Tools and Equipment that are Necessary to Start a Sanitary Program with Class and Field Work\"  1950  \"Tentative Program of Sanitary Service\" \"Sketch of Fog Generator to Relieve Annoyance From Mosquitoes and Other Flying Insects\"  1954  Reports and Programs Regarding Malaria in Greece  1955  \"Facts About the Armenian Population of Syria\" \"Trip Report-Iran\"  1949  \"Near East Foundation, Annual Report of the Director of Programs\"  December 1956  Incomplete Report Concerning Technical Support Programs for Underdeveloped Countries \"Use of Various Types of Spray Materials\" Near East Foundation Budgetary Information \"Suggested Program of Economic Development for Iraq\" \"Suggestions Growing Out of Discussions with Ford Foundations Representatives Relative to a Total Program in the Middle East for Helping Retarded People to Help Themselves\" N.E.F Statement of Income and Expenditure   July 1, 1950-June 30, 1951  N.E.F. Budget for Iraq Summary \"The United Nations, a Working Organization as Planned by it's Founders, and Not the Debating Society, Which Receives so Much Publicity\" \"Points of Contact in Coordinating the Efforts of N.E.F. and A.U.B. in an Over-all Approach to the Problems of Certain Countries of the Middle East\"","President's Address  November 16, 1906  Panama Canal Reminiscences","Flyer for a Speech Given by Wright's Son  Brief Account of Wright's Work in Burma","Laird Arche  December 19,1950; March 5, 1951, August 3, 1956  William Bieler  January 3, 1951  M.C. Balfor  May 2, 1951  Harry Scherman and Bernadine Kielty  October 14, 1951  F. W. Knipe  November 15, 1953  H. B. Redd  July 22, 1954  William Russell  January 27, 1958  Thomas Martin  February 2, 1957  John D. Hollen  December 9, 1958  Burr P. Harrison  January 12, 1961 ","\"If Russians Overrun European Nations, Americans Will Lose Their Way of Life\" \"Abram's Delight\" by Richard Griffith  1944  \"Greece Regaining Wealth in Mines\"  1952  \"The Margin for Terror\" \"Canal is Opposed for the Seaway\"  January 31, 1958  \"Where We Came In\" by Ernest Lindley \"Cyprus: Tourist Mecca Lost?\" \"Big Ditch' was Big News to Them Half Century Ago\"  /  Athens News  January 21, 1956  Excerpt from \"After the Seventh Day\" by Ritchie Calder \"Twenty-three Years of Experience with Our First Socialist Experiment\" \"It Started in Panama: Where Will it Stop?\" by Earl Harding  September 1, 1953  \"It Started in Panama: Where Will it Stop?\" by Earl Harding  September 1, 1953  \"The Panama Canal Problem\"  1954  \"The Great Trek of the Kazaks from Chinese Turkestan\"  December 31, 1953  \"Judgments and Prophecies\" \"Russia's Weapon of Satellitism\"  1951  \"Can We Break the Stalemate with Russia?\"  1951  \"Kremlin Blueprint\" by Louis J. Alber  \"U.S. Sinks Billions in Bases\"  1953  \"All Americans Must Know How Reds Work in Our Government\"  1959  \"Here's What Malenkov Thinks of the U.S.\"  1952  \"Panama Canal Problem Calls for Action\" by H. D. Vogel  1958  \"My Four Months with the Headhunters\"  \"Is the State Department's White Paper a 'Post Mortem' for China?\" \"Continuing the Rockefeller Foundation Story: Millions for Modern Medicine\"  1951  \"Continuing the Rockefeller Foundation Story: Man's Greatest Challenge\"  1951  \"Secret Boss of the Nation Press Club\"  1950  \"How Can We Lick Stalin\" by Bonner Fellers  1950  \"MacArthur is Not to Blame [for Korea]\"  1950  \"Why I Had to Step Aside\" by Edwin G. Nourse  February 18, 1950  \"Stalin's American Mouthpiece\" by Fredrick Woltman  October 21, 1950  \"U.N.'s Merciful War: The World Health Organization Seeks a Victory for Mankind in an All-Out Attack on Disease\"  January 1, 1950  \"Our Mightiest Ghost\"  April 28, 1951  \"Battling Diseases\" by William Dutton  May 5, 1951  \"Mr. Truman's Mystery Man\" by Alfred Steinberg  1949 ","\"The Battle that Squanders Billions\"  1949  \"Our Challenge in Oil's Second Century\" by Robert Dunlop  1959  \"The Panama Canal: A Report by the Special Committee on the Panama Canal\"  1956  \"U.N. Action is for Peace\" \"Freedom's Case Against Dean Acheson\"  \"Needed: An American Policy, Not a Foreign Policy\" \"Living and Working in the Canal Zone\"  November 1958  \"Centennial Year, 1858-1958, Canal Zone Program of Events November 9-15, 1958\" United Nations Bulletin  January 15, 1953  \"Face to Face with the Russians: Report of a Peace Mission to the Soviet Union\"  1959  Dan Smoot Report  May 11, 1959  \"Mancha Gris, a New Leaf Disease of Bean in Colombia\" by R.L. Skiles and Canuto Cardona-Alvarez \"Panama Canal Problem\"  1966  Panama Canal Review  November 4, 1960  \"Isthmian Canal Policy-An Evaluation\" by Miles P. DuVal  1955  \"Kyasanur Forest Disease III: A Preliminary Report on the Nature of the Infection and Clinical Manifestations in Human Beings\"  May 11, 1957  \"Roosevelt Medal Holders' Tape Recorder Guest Book: Word-for-Word Reminiscences of 35 Old-timers Who Helped to Dig the Panama Canal\"  1958 ","Incomplete Report Concerning the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation  1951  Rockefeller Foundation Newsletter  May 1959  World Health Organization Newsletters  January and February 1958  \"Panama Canal Zone: Constitutional Domain of the United States\" by Daniel J. Flood  March 26, 1958  \"Should We Permit the Memory of Many Old-Time Panama Canal Heroes to be Buried in Oblivion?\" \"Is Our Effort to Control the Spread of Communism in the World being Intelligently Administered?\" Minutes of the American Council of Voluntary Agencies  November 30, 1950  \"Community Development Programs in Greece with Special Consideration of Welfare through Employment\"  1953  \"Trying to Beat the Gun in War\" \"After Re-armament What?\" \"Greece Today\" The Digester  Spring-Summer 1950  Copy of the 1903 Isthmian Canal Convention","American Friends Service Committee The Rockefeller Foundation Article about D. Wright (Bomb Scare at Chinese Capital) Dora Sevening of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art W.A. Sawyer Grace Wright Crawford F. Sams Federal Security Agency (U.S. Public Health Service)","\"What to do with Japan\" by Wilfred Fleisher \"Morocco Feast: the Potent of Rehamna Tribe Entertains General Clark and Staff\"  1943 ","Military Parade \n \"Interpreting War News\" \"Career Men Conduct Underhand\" \"Purge of Pro-Welles Diplomats\" \"Pearson Calls Steinhardt, U.S. Envoy to Turkey\" \"Lehman is Elected Head of UN Relief\"  \"The Flying Tigers\" \"Interpreting War News\" \"U.N. Conference at White House\" \"U.N. Group Intends Aiding Those Now Stricken\" \"49 Nations to Help Victims of War\" \"U.S. Rationing\" \"New League of Nations!\" \"The Guards and the Ghost\"","Greek Interpreter Dialogue \u0026 Dictionary \"The Truth About Pearl Harbor\" by John T. Flynn  1944  \"Handbook for Military Intelligence Interpreters: French\" \"Handbook on Foreign Maps\" \"Health, Medicine, and Sanitation in Bulgaria\" by Alexandra Feldmahn  1943 ","Postcards \n You Had a Virus?\" \"The United States in a New World: Relations with Britain\" \"The U.S. in a New World; The Domestic Economy\"","\"Our Illusions of Freedom\" by Colby Dorr Dam \"The Human Spirit can Win Peace\" by Colby Dorr Dam","Mrs. Hunt  1951  Frank Shirk  1961, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969  R. M. Larimer  1970  \"The Facts about Your Income Tax\" \"Vietnam Events Parallel China of 20 Years Ago\" \"Have a Good Cry and Live Longer\" Miscellaneous cancelled stamps and envelopes \"Observations on Greece in 1972\" by M.C. Balfor","Army Camp Kit Ceramic Greek Donkey Commission for Senior Sanitary Engineer,  1941  Commission for Sanitary Engineer Director  1944  Three Wooden Camels WWII German Mug WWII German Plate Handle from a Vessel, Marked \"from Tyre\" "],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bb6e11d62b81a3f2843c6db2c4f3620e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Public Health Service, and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Also includes correspondence to and from Daniel E. Wright while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and at the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, as well as photographs from his travels.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, the United Nations Public Health Service, and the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Also includes correspondence to and from Daniel E. Wright while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and at the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, as well as photographs from his travels."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Wright, Daniel E."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"persname_ssim":["Wright, Daniel E."],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":30,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:19:03.020Z","scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of materials from 1903 to 1973 with the bulk from the 1940s and 1950s. This collection contains reports, speeches, magazine and newspaper articles, and correspondence concerning Daniel E. Wright's travels and sanitation work in the Panama Canal, Greece, Turkey, and the Middle East. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring this period Wright pioneered the use of DDT to control malaria, dysentery, and other endemic diseases afflicting the Greek population. Collection contains materials dealing with the Panama Canal, the public health activities of the Rockefeller Foundation, and the UNRRA and the UNPHS. Also includes extensive correspondence to his family while a colonel on the staff of Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell and later of the U.S. Middle Eastern Command Headquarters in Cairo, and photographs (ca. 250) from his travels.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLetters from Greece\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePicture of Greece Sanitation Team\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMiscellaneous Pictures of Greece\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Suppressive Treatment of Malaria\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Prevention of Malaria on Field Service\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Practical Field Application of DDT for Malaria Control\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Measurement: Basic Mathematical Definitions\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGreek Paper Money \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMiscellaneous Photographs\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRation Card\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUnited Nations' Certificate of Identity\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eResidential Lease\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHonorable Discharge from the United States Health Service\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLiving Allowance Card\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFederal Security Agency, U.S. Public Health Service\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUnited Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAlvin J. Roseman \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeorge Strode of the Rockefeller Foundation \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMarch 16, 1944 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHeadquarters AAF Redistribution Station No. 2\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTheodore Hiatt\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePamphlet About Daniel Wright Jr. \"Our World Today: The Younger Generation and WWII\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFederal Security Agency, U.S. Public Health Service\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeorge Strode of the Rockefeller Foundation \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 22, 1944, June 29, 1945, June 11, 1946\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePresident and Members of the Association of Doctors Hygienists of Greece\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eUNRRA Travel Authorization\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLittle Mary \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eProf. G. Ioakimoglou of the Kingdom of Greece Superior; Health Council, Athens \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 28, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Sawyer UNRRA \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 16, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGrace Wright \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 26, June 2, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eW.J. Shappa of the U.N. World Health Organization Interim Commission \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eAugust 26, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThe City Council of Rethymnon \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 11, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Floridis\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBarclay of The Reader's Digest Office of International Editions \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eE.J. Pampana of the World Health Organization (W.H.O.) Interim Commission, Geneva \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJuly 22, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHenry F. Grady\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eW.H. Hena \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eAugust 27, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eApostle N. Depastas/Ellamdra\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHellenic- American Activity \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 1, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThe Rockefeller Foundation \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 29, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePaul Bierstein, Public Health Engineer of the W.H.O. \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 14, 1947, November 8, November 23, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eG. Kenabassuiy \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 22, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eProf. Ioakimogiou \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 22, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eR.C. Vayanos \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eReunion of Panama Canal Workers \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eM. Kotsianos, Kingdom of Greece; Ministry of Hygiene \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMarch 19, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMichael Callas, John Hopkins University, School of Engineering \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eApril 5, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eInland Alkaloid Co. Manufacturing Chemists \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eApril 17, May 6, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e \n\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMr. Y.C. Mar-Chief Sanitary Engineer, National Health Organization; Nanking, China \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 27, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSmitie \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 31, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Strode \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSept 7, 1947; July 19, 1948; March 23, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHarry E. Taylor, Administrator, St. Croix, Virgin Islands \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJuly 2, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Seyfettin Okan, Director General of Malaria Control, Ministry of Health Social Assistance in Ankara-Turkey \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember 30, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eH.B. Redd, Secretary Treasurer Virginia Tech Alumni Assn. Blacksburg, VA \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 1, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. E. Pampana, Secretary of the Expert Committee on Malaria \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 16, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeorge, concerning Malaria on the island of Crete \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 24, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHaas \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 31, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeneral Wood \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 4, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHis Excellency, Minister of Health \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 21, 1947; September 1, 1948; September 7, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJoe \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 6, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eW.J. Bartlet, Secretary-Treasurer, Panama Canal Society of FLA \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 17, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Balfouri \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 17, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJohn D. Brown, The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, House of Representatives \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 29, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNick \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 19, February 28, June 12, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eResident Director of Lake Copais Company Limited \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eFebruary 24, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGov. Dwight P. Griswold, Chief of AMAG \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eApril 17, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEditor of the Newspaper Vradini \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 10, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBal \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 28, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBrother Eddey \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJune 24, 1948; July 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eL.H. Tung, Sanitary Engineer, Corps of Sanitary Engineers \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJune 24, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Cermal Or in Etimesut, Turkey \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJune 28, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDavid W. Lynch of Velsicol Corporation \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJune 28, July 12, August 27, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLaurens P. Jones of Winchester, Hiram Lodge No. 21 \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eAugust 10, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLt. Col. J.H. Williams, Managing Director \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eAugust 10, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eHis Excellency the Minister of Hygiene \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember 13, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCol. P. Troxler, Corps of Engineers \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eAugust 23, August 25, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDr. Grant \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember 2, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eProfessor John \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember 21, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eList of Sanitary Supplies to be Purchased with AMAG Funds\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMalaria Control Campaign Paper\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eStatistics on Greece\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Airplane Spray Work in Greece by D. Wright\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eW.H.O. Greece Mission \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eAugust 20, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMalaria Control and Sanitation Program, Budget \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1947-48 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNote on Chlorodane\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Field Trials with Gammexene as a Means of Malaria Control by Adult Mosquitoes Destruction in Sierra Leone\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAnnals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eW.H.O. Summary of Estimated Costs\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Portraits of Soviet Scientists\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Belgium is Britain's Baby\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Russia in the Mediterranean\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 7, 1944 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Molotov Mystery\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMarch 14, 1949 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGreek Guerrillas\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Russian Fairy Tale\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGreek Newsletter\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Jefferson Malone\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 31, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Europe's Most Frightened Country\" (Greece) \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 29, 1945 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Wanted: A Miracle in Greece\" By Paul A. Porter \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember 20, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"New England Get Together\" by Andre Fontaine \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eApril 14, 1945 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"They Made Our World\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Youth in the Air Forces\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eFebruary 3, 1945 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Berlin: City Of Fear\" by George Ladvar \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMarch 3, 1945 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"My 3 Years with Eisenhower\" by Capt. Harry C. Butcher, USNR \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 15, 1945 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.S. Foreign Policy in Asia\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Can China Unite? by Mark Gayn\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eFebruary 3, 1945 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Supplement to the Organization Chart\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Chart of the Insect Control and General Sanitation Organization\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMap of DDT Spraying Pattern in Greece \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSpleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Alexandropoulos Area, Thrace Greece \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 30-June 15, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSpleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Macedonia and Thrace, Greece \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary-April 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSpleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Olympia Area, West Peloponnesus, Greece \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eAugust 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSpleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Mytilene Island, Greece \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJuly 17-August 10, 1945 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSpleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Northern Corfu Island \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJuly 3-14, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSpleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Thesprotia and Epirus \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eApril 24-May 13, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSpleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Crete \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMarch 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSpleen and Parasite Indices Chart of Greece\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eParasite Indices Percentages of Villages in Greek Macedonia Char \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1932-1945 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Number of Patients with Malaria Positive Blood in Greece\" Chart \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1942-1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"DDT Residual Spray Experiment in Petroto, Macedonia\" Chart \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember-October, June 1945 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Malaria Control DDT Airspray Program\" Map of Greece \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Swamps of Greece\" Map\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Suggested Co-operative Survey of the Island of Crete Chart\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDaily News Digest (UNRRA Greece Mission) \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJune 8, 1945; June 14; June 15; June 16; November 7; November 9; November 16; November 22; November 29, December 7; December 8, 1945; January 4, 1946; January 14; January 18; February 18; April 15; May 11; July 11; July 13; July 15; July 17; July 19; July 22, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUNRRA News Review \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 24, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDaily News Bulletin of the U.S. Information Service, U.S. Embassy \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e October 5-6, 1947; November 1, 1947; March 29, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePress Release; American Mission For Aid to Greece\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Greeks Capitalize on U.S. Ships\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGreek Comics\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Concentration of Fighting Forces All Along Greek Border\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Food Conference Awaits Russians\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Half of Greeks Look to America to Bring Peace\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Greek Police Quit Area Near Border\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Lehman May Head Nations' Pool at Parley\" \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"United Nations' Relief Plans are Considered\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"A Reporter's Report to the Nation\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Life in N. Africa is Anything But Monotonous\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Patient Governor Lehman Gets Food and Relief to Poland\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Should Churchill's Policy on Greece Be Supported\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"F.D.R. Agreed to Let British Dominate in Greece, Yugoslavia\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Greek Crisis Reveals Weakness of U.N.\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"W.H.O. vs. Malaria\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Terms in Advance Proposed for Giving Aid to Greece\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.S. Continues to Foot Bill for British in Greece\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUnion Jack \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 1, 1947; December 6, 1947; December 22, 1947; May 29, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Making the Seas Safe Again\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Truant's Voyage Around Italy\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Corner Column\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMap of Greece and Athens\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Bandits in Greece\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"This Farm Stands for Freedom\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAthens Days \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eFebruary 15-18, 25, 1945 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"King George II Ends his 5 Year Exile in England\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThe Athens Gazette \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 11, 25, April 18, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAthens Herald \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eApril 11; June 24, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eArmy and Navy Bulletin \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 4, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUntranslated Greek Newspapers\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThe Stars and Stripes \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJune 6, 1944 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eComic concerning Wright\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Russia Peace or War?\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"What the UN Relief Agreement Means to you\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Delphes Greece\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Antiquities of Ephesus\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Lessons in Malariology from WWII\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTwo Translated Pages from Greek Pamphlet\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Report of the Activities of the Sanitation Section of Health Division UNRRA\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Bergama Kermes I\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Britain and Ceylon\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Dispatch Submitted by Field Marshal the Viscount Montgomery of Alamein\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Anatolia College\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Greece and Greek Civilization as Results of Economic Expansion\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Greek Red Cross Monthly Bulletin\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"DDT: Its Effect on Fish and Wildlife\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"British Honduras\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Personnel Regulations for the Field Service\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Rural Water-Supply Sanitation\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWorld Report \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJuly 4, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIncomplete Report on Typhoid Infected Water\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJustification for Sanitation and Malaria Control in Greece\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eInsecticide Spraying Statistics\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSmall Biography on Daniel Wright\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePreliminary Report on the Uses of DDT in Greece \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMemo to Dr. Chisholm About Visas\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Malaria Control 1946, Larva Control\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Program of Insect Control on Crete\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eForm for Airlines\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eOutline for Radio Speech by D. Wright \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eOrder Form for Supplies and Materials \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSuggested Budget for U.S. Educational Foundation in Greece \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1948-49 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Move to Rid American Legion of Fascists\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMarch 22, 1943 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCarey Longmire's Broadcast \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eAugust 12, 1946 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePractical Field Application of DDT For Malaria Control\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePacket containing several reports and reviews concerning Malaria Control in Greece\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeneral Sanitation and Malaria Control in Greece\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eReport about Malaria in Different Regions in Greece\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Directions for Effective and Economical Uses of DDT when applied by Private Individuals\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"DDT For Relief and Rehabilitation\" By Gordon E. Smith\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUNRRA Supplies, Equipment, and Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMalaria in Greece and the Use of DDT in General\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGeneral Sanitation\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Crete Will Become a Paradise\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Malaria Past and Present in Greece\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.S. Aids Greece in Fight Against Malaria\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 16, 1948 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Pelleted Seed for Reforestation\" By Paul O. Rudolf\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eProposed Reconnaissance Survey Form\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eInternational Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 1, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThe Rockefeller Foundation Packing List and Commercial Invoice\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eNew Quarters for the Labs\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eStaff Notes\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMemo: Airplane Maintenance Supplies Against DP-MD-206 \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 3, 1947 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePassport\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMap of Near East\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMiscellaneous Photos\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLetter to Friends Describing Conflict Between Jewish Settlers and Palestinians \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 8, 1954 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eArcher \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 7, 1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eEid Dahman \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1956 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eA. Koskinides \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 21, 1957; March 1961 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Better Health for Basra\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember 29, 1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Light on the Litani\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Anglo-Saxons and Arab Culture\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Showdown in the Middle East\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 21, 1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Is Formosa Next\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Next Targets for Stalin\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Palestine: New Type of Jew Fights for a Homeland\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Epic of Man: Part VI-The Oldest Nation: Egypt\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Toward Stability in Asia\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember 12, 1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"How West Serves East\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Only U.S. Aid Can Save S.E. Asia\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1956 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThe Daily Star \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMarch 1, March 12, March 15-16, May 6, October 8-9, October 27, February 11, February 17-18, December 9, December 20, December 25, 1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Jerusalem Hospital to Fight Eye Disease\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Israelis Gave Us Reason to Criticize\" by Elmer and Ruth Berger\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\"Bustani Calls Creation of Israel Greatest International Immorality\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Motto of UNRWA Primary Schools: This is Better Than Nothing\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.S. Relations with Egypt and Arab States Worse than They Appear\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"How does the Lebanese Government Spend its Money\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Celal Bayar of Turkey: Hard Work, Few Words Led to Presidency\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.S. Bases in Spain Built Without Friction\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eStar and Herald \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e May 1, 1954 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTehran Journal \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e August 4-5, 9, 12, 16, 1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Our Weapons Against Malaria\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Toynbee Tells How Zionism Secured American Support\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Haven [for the Homeless] a Reality\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1954 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Extension to Chlordane of the Resistance to DDT Observed in Anopheles Sacharovi\" by G. D. Georgopoulos\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Near East: a Publication of the Near East Society\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1954 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Philippines\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1960 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"New People in New China: Some Personal Glimpses of People in China\" by Maud Russell\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Suggested Criteria for Evaluating Certain Types of Technical Assistance Programs\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1957 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"A Note on Typhus in Egypt and the Sudan\" by R. M. Taylor, J. R. Kingston, and Farag Rizk \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1957 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"World-Wide Malaria Distribution, Prevalence, and Control\" by Paul F. Russell \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1956 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Yellow Fever: a Symposium in Commemoration of Carlos Juan Finlay\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Bulletin of the Near East Society\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMarch, May November, December 1952; January, February, March, May, December 1953 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePan American Sanitary Bureau, Regional Office of the W.H.O.; Annual Report of the Director \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1956 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHoward Karagheusian Organization\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eObservations on Technical Assistance to Governments of Underdeveloped Countries \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eReport Concerning Lebanon by D. Wright \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"A Brief Report Covering Some Impressions Gained of Work Being Done by the N.E.F. in the Near East During My Fourteen Months Association\" by D. Wright \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Proposed Training Course for the Sanitation Division of the Public Health Department of the Ministry of Health of Iran\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1957 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Near East as I See it\" by D. Wright\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Operation and Maintenance of Sewer Systems\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"A List of Tools and Equipment that are Necessary to Start a Sanitary Program with Class and Field Work\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Tentative Program of Sanitary Service\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Sketch of Fog Generator to Relieve Annoyance From Mosquitoes and Other Flying Insects\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1954 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eReports and Programs Regarding Malaria in Greece \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Facts About the Armenian Population of Syria\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Trip Report-Iran\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1949 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Near East Foundation, Annual Report of the Director of Programs\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 1956 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIncomplete Report Concerning Technical Support Programs for Underdeveloped Countries\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Use of Various Types of Spray Materials\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eNear East Foundation Budgetary Information\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Suggested Program of Economic Development for Iraq\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Suggestions Growing Out of Discussions with Ford Foundations Representatives Relative to a Total Program in the Middle East for Helping Retarded People to Help Themselves\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eN.E.F Statement of Income and Expenditure \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e July 1, 1950-June 30, 1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eN.E.F. Budget for Iraq Summary\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The United Nations, a Working Organization as Planned by it's Founders, and Not the Debating Society, Which Receives so Much Publicity\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Points of Contact in Coordinating the Efforts of N.E.F. and A.U.B. in an Over-all Approach to the Problems of Certain Countries of the Middle East\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePresident's Address \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 16, 1906 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePanama Canal Reminiscences\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFlyer for a Speech Given by Wright's Son \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBrief Account of Wright's Work in Burma\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eLaird Arche \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 19,1950; March 5, 1951, August 3, 1956 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWilliam Bieler \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 3, 1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eM.C. Balfor \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 2, 1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHarry Scherman and Bernadine Kielty \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 14, 1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eF. W. Knipe \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 15, 1953 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eH. B. Redd \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJuly 22, 1954 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWilliam Russell \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 27, 1958 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThomas Martin \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eFebruary 2, 1957 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eJohn D. Hollen \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 9, 1958 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eBurr P. Harrison \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 12, 1961 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"If Russians Overrun European Nations, Americans Will Lose Their Way of Life\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Abram's Delight\" by Richard Griffith \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1944 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Greece Regaining Wealth in Mines\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1952 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Margin for Terror\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Canal is Opposed for the Seaway\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 31, 1958 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Where We Came In\" by Ernest Lindley\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Cyprus: Tourist Mecca Lost?\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Big Ditch' was Big News to Them Half Century Ago\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e/ \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAthens News \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 21, 1956 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eExcerpt from \"After the Seventh Day\" by Ritchie Calder\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Twenty-three Years of Experience with Our First Socialist Experiment\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"It Started in Panama: Where Will it Stop?\" by Earl Harding \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember 1, 1953 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"It Started in Panama: Where Will it Stop?\" by Earl Harding \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSeptember 1, 1953 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Panama Canal Problem\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1954 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Great Trek of the Kazaks from Chinese Turkestan\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eDecember 31, 1953 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Judgments and Prophecies\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Russia's Weapon of Satellitism\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Can We Break the Stalemate with Russia?\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Kremlin Blueprint\" by Louis J. Alber \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.S. Sinks Billions in Bases\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1953 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"All Americans Must Know How Reds Work in Our Government\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1959 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Here's What Malenkov Thinks of the U.S.\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1952 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Panama Canal Problem Calls for Action\" by H. D. Vogel \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1958 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"My Four Months with the Headhunters\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Is the State Department's White Paper a 'Post Mortem' for China?\"\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\"Continuing the Rockefeller Foundation Story: Millions for Modern Medicine\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Continuing the Rockefeller Foundation Story: Man's Greatest Challenge\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Secret Boss of the Nation Press Club\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"How Can We Lick Stalin\" by Bonner Fellers \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"MacArthur is Not to Blame [for Korea]\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Why I Had to Step Aside\" by Edwin G. Nourse \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eFebruary 18, 1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Stalin's American Mouthpiece\" by Fredrick Woltman \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eOctober 21, 1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.N.'s Merciful War: The World Health Organization Seeks a Victory for Mankind in an All-Out Attack on Disease\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 1, 1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Our Mightiest Ghost\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eApril 28, 1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Battling Diseases\" by William Dutton \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 5, 1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Mr. Truman's Mystery Man\" by Alfred Steinberg \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1949 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Battle that Squanders Billions\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1949 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Our Challenge in Oil's Second Century\" by Robert Dunlop \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1959 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Panama Canal: A Report by the Special Committee on the Panama Canal\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1956 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.N. Action is for Peace\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Freedom's Case Against Dean Acheson\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Needed: An American Policy, Not a Foreign Policy\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Living and Working in the Canal Zone\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 1958 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Centennial Year, 1858-1958, Canal Zone Program of Events November 9-15, 1958\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eUnited Nations Bulletin \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary 15, 1953 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Face to Face with the Russians: Report of a Peace Mission to the Soviet Union\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1959 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDan Smoot Report \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 11, 1959 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Mancha Gris, a New Leaf Disease of Bean in Colombia\" by R.L. Skiles and Canuto Cardona-Alvarez\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Panama Canal Problem\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1966 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePanama Canal Review \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 4, 1960 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Isthmian Canal Policy-An Evaluation\" by Miles P. DuVal \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1955 \u003c/unitdate\u003e \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Kyasanur Forest Disease III: A Preliminary Report on the Nature of the Infection and Clinical Manifestations in Human Beings\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 11, 1957 \u003c/unitdate\u003e \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Roosevelt Medal Holders' Tape Recorder Guest Book: Word-for-Word Reminiscences of 35 Old-timers Who Helped to Dig the Panama Canal\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1958 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eIncomplete Report Concerning the International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eRockefeller Foundation Newsletter \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMay 1959 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWorld Health Organization Newsletters \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eJanuary and February 1958 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Panama Canal Zone: Constitutional Domain of the United States\" by Daniel J. Flood \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eMarch 26, 1958 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Should We Permit the Memory of Many Old-Time Panama Canal Heroes to be Buried in Oblivion?\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Is Our Effort to Control the Spread of Communism in the World being Intelligently Administered?\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMinutes of the American Council of Voluntary Agencies \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eNovember 30, 1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Community Development Programs in Greece with Special Consideration of Welfare through Employment\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1953 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Trying to Beat the Gun in War\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"After Re-armament What?\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Greece Today\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThe Digester \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003eSpring-Summer 1950 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCopy of the 1903 Isthmian Canal Convention\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eAmerican Friends Service Committee\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThe Rockefeller Foundation\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eArticle about D. Wright (Bomb Scare at Chinese Capital)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eDora Sevening of the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eW.A. Sawyer\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGrace Wright\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCrawford F. Sams\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFederal Security Agency (U.S. Public Health Service)\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"What to do with Japan\" by Wilfred Fleisher\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Morocco Feast: the Potent of Rehamna Tribe Entertains General Clark and Staff\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1943 \u003c/unitdate\u003e \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMilitary Parade \n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Interpreting War News\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Career Men Conduct Underhand\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Purge of Pro-Welles Diplomats\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Pearson Calls Steinhardt, U.S. Envoy to Turkey\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Lehman is Elected Head of UN Relief\" \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e\u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Flying Tigers\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Interpreting War News\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.N. Conference at White House\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.N. Group Intends Aiding Those Now Stricken\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"49 Nations to Help Victims of War\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"U.S. Rationing\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"New League of Nations!\"\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\"The Guards and the Ghost\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eGreek Interpreter Dialogue \u0026amp; Dictionary\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Truth About Pearl Harbor\" by John T. Flynn \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1944 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Handbook for Military Intelligence Interpreters: French\"\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003e\"Handbook on Foreign Maps\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Health, Medicine, and Sanitation in Bulgaria\" by Alexandra Feldmahn \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1943 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePostcards \n\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eYou Had a Virus?\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The United States in a New World: Relations with Britain\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The U.S. in a New World; The Domestic Economy\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\u003citem\u003e\"Our Illusions of Freedom\" by Colby Dorr Dam\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Human Spirit can Win Peace\" by Colby Dorr Dam\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMrs. Hunt \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1951 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eFrank Shirk \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1961, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eR. M. Larimer \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1970 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"The Facts about Your Income Tax\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Vietnam Events Parallel China of 20 Years Ago\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Have a Good Cry and Live Longer\"\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eMiscellaneous cancelled stamps and envelopes\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"Observations on Greece in 1972\" by M.C. Balfor\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eArmy Camp Kit\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCeramic Greek Donkey\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCommission for Senior Sanitary Engineer, \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1941 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eCommission for Sanitary Engineer Director \u003cunitdate era=\"ce\" calendar=\"gregorian\" type=\"inclusive\"\u003e1944 \u003c/unitdate\u003e\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eThree Wooden Camels\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWWII German Mug\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eWWII German Plate\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHandle from a Vessel, Marked \"from Tyre\" \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"]}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1246_c29"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351_c269","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Wright Hardware","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351_c269#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351_c269","ref_ssm":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351_c269"],"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351_c269","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351","parent_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351","parent_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351"],"parent_ids_ssim":["wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Harglo Glass Company Records"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Harglo Glass Company Records"],"text":["Harglo Glass Company Records","Wright Hardware","Box 2","Folder 118"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wright Hardware","title_ssm":["Wright Hardware"],"title_tesim":["Wright Hardware"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1950-1970"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1950/1970"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wright Hardware"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"collection_ssim":["Harglo Glass Company Records"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":269,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["No special access restriction applies."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the Permissions and Copyright page on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"containers_ssim":["Box 2","Folder 118"],"_nest_path_":"/components#268","timestamp":"2026-05-21T01:34:03.113Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_1351","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_1351.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/195658","title_ssm":["Harglo Glass Company Records"],"title_tesim":["Harglo Glass Company Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1950-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1950-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 3117","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1351"],"text":["A\u0026M 3117","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/1351","Harglo Glass Company Records","Harrison County (W. Va.)","Glass industry.","No special access restriction applies.","Correspondence, accounts and receipts of the Harglo Glass Company of Salem, WV. The Harglo Co. specialized in the manufacture of glass for lamps and lighting fixtures, in many cases a subcontractor for other glass and lamp manufacturers. Its products were marketed through its affiliate, Glass Products Co. of Salem, WV. The billing and correspondence is with other glass companies, shipping companies, glass mould and equipment manufacturers, and companies producing non-clear glass or coatings for glass. Other West Virginia glass manufacturers mentioned are Beaumont Glass Co., Fenton Art Glass Co., Louie Glass Co. and the Pennsboro Glass Co.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Harglo Glass Company","Beaumont Glass Company  ( Morgantown, W. Va.)","Fenton Art Glass Company","Glass Products Company (Salem, W. 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The Harglo Co. specialized in the manufacture of glass for lamps and lighting fixtures, in many cases a subcontractor for other glass and lamp manufacturers. Its products were marketed through its affiliate, Glass Products Co. of Salem, WV. The billing and correspondence is with other glass companies, shipping companies, glass mould and equipment manufacturers, and companies producing non-clear glass or coatings for glass. Other West Virginia glass manufacturers mentioned are Beaumont Glass Co., Fenton Art Glass Co., Louie Glass Co. and the Pennsboro Glass Co.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Correspondence, accounts and receipts of the Harglo Glass Company of Salem, WV. The Harglo Co. specialized in the manufacture of glass for lamps and lighting fixtures, in many cases a subcontractor for other glass and lamp manufacturers. Its products were marketed through its affiliate, Glass Products Co. of Salem, WV. The billing and correspondence is with other glass companies, shipping companies, glass mould and equipment manufacturers, and companies producing non-clear glass or coatings for glass. Other West Virginia glass manufacturers mentioned are Beaumont Glass Co., Fenton Art Glass Co., Louie Glass Co. and the Pennsboro Glass Co."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. 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U.S","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_4_resources_59_c02_c315#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_59_c02_c315","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_4_resources_59_c02_c315"],"id":"viu_repositories_4_resources_59_c02_c315","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_59","_root_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_59","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_4_resources_59_c02","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_4_resources_59_c02","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_59","viu_repositories_4_resources_59_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_4_resources_59","viu_repositories_4_resources_59_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["John Paul papers","Cases"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["John Paul papers","Cases"],"text":["John Paul papers","Cases","Wright v. U.S","box 48"],"title_filing_ssi":"Wright v. U.S","title_ssm":["Wright v. U.S"],"title_tesim":["Wright v. 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The elder John Paul had taken his law degree at the University of Virginia (1867), and served as both Commonwealth's Attorney and member of the Virginia State Senate before being elected to the US House of Representatives in 1880. Three months before the birth of his son John, he left Congress to become District Judge for the Western District of Virginia, a position he held until his death in 1901.","  The Paul family was prominent in the Shenandoah Valley and lived on a large Rockingham County farm called Ottobine. The younger John Paul inherited this property and lived there his entire life, raising cattle as he pursued his legal career. After graduating from the Virginia Military Institute with a degree in civil engineering, he studied law at the University of Virginia and graduated in 1906. He entered private practice in Harrisonburg, and before long launched his political career with an unsuccessful bid as Republican candidate for Congress in 1910. In 1912 he was elected to the state senate, and attended the first of four consecutive Republican national conventions. In 1914, he married Frances Danenhower.","  While Paul was serving as a field artillery captain in France during World War I, his wife died. After the war, he returned to the state senate and in 1920 was elected to a term in Congress. In 1924 he was appointed special assistant to the United States Attorney General, and the following year became U. S. Attorney for the Western District of Virginia. In December 1932, President Herbert Hoover appointed Paul to the federal bench in the western district of Virginia. In 1939, he married Alice Kelly Taylor.","  When John Paul went on the court in 1932, he was the sole judge for a district serving a large, predominantly rural, area. The court met twice a year in each of seven locations: Abingdon, Big Stone Gap, Charlottesville, Danville, Harrisonburg, Lynchburg, and Roanoke. Paul was appointed to succeed Judge Henry Clay McDowell (1885), his father's successor on the bench, only weeks before Franklin Roosevelt became president.","  One of the most significant of Paul's early decisions was  US v. Appalachian Electric Power Co. , 23 F. Supp. 83 (1938), although his files on this case are not extensive. The Federal Power Commission had wanted the electric company to apply for a license before building a dam on the New River. When it did not do so, the federal government sued to enjoin construction. Paul dismissed the government's suit, ruling that the New was not a navigable river, and that the dam would therefore not impair interstate commerce. His decision was upheld by the Fourth Circuit, but overturned by the Supreme Court two years later.","  One group of cases that required a great deal of Paul's time and attention concerned land condemnation by the federal government. Under the Weeks Forestry Act of 1911, the federal government had, between 1912 and 1932, claimed 700,000 acres of Virginia for national forest, and in 1933 efforts were begun to claim two million more over the next ten years. The monetary value of the land was seldom in dispute, having been assessed at fair market value by a local, court-appointed commissioner, but in many cases titles were deficient. These areas of forest had first been parceled out in the late eighteenth century in hundred- thousand acre lots, and over the years had been divided and sold many times. Almost from the beginning, Paul was inundated with complex condemnation proceedings.","  Even when he was no longer sole judge for the district, Paul continued to handle all condemnation cases. In the 1950s, he was a vociferous opponent of a controversial proposal to amend Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 71A to require that all valuation of condemned land be by jury rather than by court-appointed commissioners.","  The most sensational case Paul heard during the 1930s was the Franklin County liquor conspiracy case. Twenty-three men, many of them county officials, were accused of turning their heads or actually aiding large-scale illegal liquor manufacturing in the county over a number of years. (Just how much liquor was made became clear in testimony that thirty-five tons of a particular brand of yeast had been sold in Franklin over a four-year period.) The trial lasted fifty days, a record in modern Virginia court history, and resulted in twenty convictions. Unfortunately, there are no files in the collection about this case, possibly because Paul gave them to someone planning to write about it.","  By the end of the 30s, Paul's workload was staggering. In a 1937 letter to Senator Carter Glass, he described in great detail how much travelling he had to do, how difficult it was for lawyers to contact him, and how hard it was to keep on top of his written work. In addition to the large number of condemnation cases, he noted that civil suits involving the government had increased by almost a hundred percent during the Roosevelt administration. Furthermore, with new rules of civil procedure soon to go into effect, he foresaw an increase in interlocutory motions that would demand more of his time. In seeking relief from this difficult schedule, Paul favored the elimination of two of the seven court locations rather than the appointment of another judge in the district. He did not want a law clerk, nor did he ever employ one.","  Congress soon decided that the Western District needed another judge, and in July 1939, Armistead Mason Dobie was appointed. Dobie served only six months before being appointed to the Fourth Circuit, and Alfred Dickinson Barksdale took his place on the district bench. At the end of 1939, Paul made his first report of caseload statistics to the newly created Judicial Council for the Fourth Circuit. He reported that 276 cases were still pending from the year before, proceedings were begun in 678 civil and criminal cases, and 799 bankruptcies were filed -- adequate evidence that a second judge was needed. With two judges, the court continued to meet twice a year in seven locations. For over seventeen years Paul and Barksdale worked quite amicably together, corresponded often, travelled to meetings together, and occasionally socialized along with their wives. Although his letters were always reserved, Paul was more open and affectionate with Barksdale than with most correspondents.","  In addition to the condemnation cases, Paul heard a large number of bankruptcy and debt cases through the 30s, 40s, and early 50s. There were also a number of illegal liquor cases of much smaller magnitude than the Franklin County cases. During World War II, there were a few cases involving conscientious objectors and quite a few brought by the Office of Price Administration against violators of price fixing.","  Until the late 50s, however, Paul's work had received little media attention. This changed dramatically with the school desegregation cases, which came in the wake of the Supreme Court's decision in  Brown v. Board of Education . In July 1956, in  Allen v. School Board of the City of Charlottesville , Paul became the first judge in Virginia to enjoin any school admission decisions based on race. In the summer of 1958, he officially retired in order to be free of administrative duties as chief judge of the Western District, although he would continue to hear cases until the end of his life. In September, soon after the announcement of his \"retirement,\" the Charlottesville case came before him again because the city's schools were still entirely segregated. Paul ordered ten African American children admitted to a white elementary school, and two to the white high school. All of these children lived closer to the white schools than the segregated ones they had been attending. On 9 September,  The New York Times  ran a front-page article on the  Allen  case, and reported Paul's statement from the bench accusing \"politicians\" and \"officers of the state\" of inciting public hostility to the racial integration of Virginia's public schools.","  As Paul expected, a few days later Governor J. Lindsay Almond closed the Charlottesville schools. The schools reopened after the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals and a three-judge federal district court both ruled on January 19, 1959, that the school closing was unconstitutional.  Harrison v. Day , 200 Va. 439, 106 S.E.2d 636 (1959);  James v. Almond , 170 F. Supp. 331 (E.D. Va. 1959).","  In 1959, Paul approved the school system's plan to divide the city into six geographical districts and to assign all city elementary students to neighborhood schools. In practice, however, the white children in the one predominantly African American district were automatically reassigned to a white school. There was one white and one African American high school in the city, and African American students who petitioned for admittance to the white high school were subjected to evaluations of their academic records and school behavior. When, in 1960, plaintiffs objected to this unequal treatment, Paul upheld it with certain reservations. The Fourth Circuit, in  Dodson v. School Board , 289 F.2d 439 (1961), refused to reverse Paul's decision but directed the school system to move toward a fairer plan. They noted that school authorities had made a genuine effort to begin desegregation, and that the \"able and conscientious\" District Judge had retained the case on his docket for future action as necessary. When the plaintiffs returned to his court, Paul followed the direction of the circuit and ordered the school system to apply admissions procedures absolutely equally to both races. He declared, \"This in effect means that as matters now stand attendance at the high schools in Charlottesville is to be based solely on the student's decision as to which school he prefers to attend.\"  Allen v. School Board , 203 F. Supp. 225, 229 (1961).","  Two years after the  Allen  case got under way, Paul began hearing another desegregation case. Warren County had three elementary schools for white children, one elementary school for African American children, and one high school for whites only. Consequently, the county was transporting its African American high school students to other counties. In 1958, Paul issued an injunction, affirmed by the Fourth Circuit, ordering the school system immediately to admit the plaintiffs to the white high school.  School Board of Warren County v. Kilby , 259 F.2d 497 (1958). Although the governor promptly closed the high school, when it reopened in early 1959 twenty-two African American students were allowed to attend Warren County High School. Paul felt swift action was called for in this case of egregious inequality, although total integration was by no means achieved quickly.","  Paul's measured rulings in the Charlottesville and Warren County cases show no particular inclination to push the white community beyond the minimum school integration required by  Brown . Viewed in the context of Virginia's political atmosphere, though, Paul's approach seems quite moderate and reasonable. He approached a situation that many Virginians saw as catastrophic with the same dignity, respect for the law, and sense of fairness that he had brought to property or illegal liquor cases.","  The Charlottesville and other school integration cases hit Paul late in his career, and with them came unprecedented citizen and media attention, much of it unfavorable. Since he was in his late 70s, once again a widower, and in poor health, he had reasonable excuses for leaving these difficult issues to younger judges. But there is no indication in Paul's papers that he ever considered such a possibility. He appeared in court only a few weeks before his death, at the age of eighty, on February 13, 1964.","Check date on this item","The Paul papers are organized in six series based upon the nature of the files: administrative material, general civil and criminal cases, bankruptcy cases, land condemnation cases, professional correspondence, and speeches and articles.","Series I  is comprised of administrative files containing extensive correspondence and records of the administration of the federal district court, from the early 1930s to the early 1960s. Changes over these years, and Paul's reactions to them, are reflected in reports and in correspondence with other judges, the district court staff, and the staff of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts. Other substantial files in this series contain information regarding case loads, rules of court, probation, jury call decisions, and the appointments of US commissioners.","Series II  consists of general civil and criminal case files arranged in alphabetical order by plaintiff last name. While these files primarily contain correspondence, there are occasional copies of some of the court records of a case. By far the single most important cases in the collection are those concerning school desegregation. The case files for  Allen v. School Board of the City of Charlottesville  and  Kilby v. School Board of Warren County  contain Paul's extensive correspondence with other district and circuit judges, as well as with the lawyers involved, annotated motions, drafts of opinions, and other important documents. The general case files are followed by motions, pleadings and orders, and by handwritten notes taken from the bench, which had been kept separate from the case files.","  The school desegregation cases have many exchanges of letters with J. Lindsay Almond Jr., John S. Battle Jr., Oliver W. Hill, Spottswood W. Robinson III, and S. W. Tucker.","Series III,  the bankruptcy case files, is broken into two subseries. The first subseries contains files concerning bankruptcies of individuals and businesses, which are preceded by the administrative files concerning these cases. The second subseries concerns bankruptcies of farmers handled under Section 75 of the Bankruptcy Act.","Series IV  is comprised of land condemnation cases, which are listed by last name of the first owner named in the case; also noted is the county in which the land is located. These files include the commissioners' reports, orders, opinions (some handwritten), and correspondence.","Series V  contains professional correspondence between Jugde Paul and other judges.","Series VI  contains a small collection of speeches and articles by Judge Paul.","  Not limited to Series V, but sprinkled throughout the collection, is Judge Paul's correspondence with other judges. His most frequent and long-term correspondent was Judge Alfred D. Barksdale. Other judges with whom he corresponded regularly when their terms overlapped were Albert V. Bryan, Armistead M. Dobie, Ted Dalton, Sterling Hutcheson, John J. Parker, Floyd H. Roberts, Simon E. Sobeloff, and Roby C. 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The elder John Paul had taken his law degree at the University of Virginia (1867), and served as both Commonwealth's Attorney and member of the Virginia State Senate before being elected to the US House of Representatives in 1880. Three months before the birth of his son John, he left Congress to become District Judge for the Western District of Virginia, a position he held until his death in 1901.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The Paul family was prominent in the Shenandoah Valley and lived on a large Rockingham County farm called Ottobine. The younger John Paul inherited this property and lived there his entire life, raising cattle as he pursued his legal career. After graduating from the Virginia Military Institute with a degree in civil engineering, he studied law at the University of Virginia and graduated in 1906. He entered private practice in Harrisonburg, and before long launched his political career with an unsuccessful bid as Republican candidate for Congress in 1910. In 1912 he was elected to the state senate, and attended the first of four consecutive Republican national conventions. In 1914, he married Frances Danenhower.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  While Paul was serving as a field artillery captain in France during World War I, his wife died. After the war, he returned to the state senate and in 1920 was elected to a term in Congress. In 1924 he was appointed special assistant to the United States Attorney General, and the following year became U. S. Attorney for the Western District of Virginia. In December 1932, President Herbert Hoover appointed Paul to the federal bench in the western district of Virginia. In 1939, he married Alice Kelly Taylor.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  When John Paul went on the court in 1932, he was the sole judge for a district serving a large, predominantly rural, area. The court met twice a year in each of seven locations: Abingdon, Big Stone Gap, Charlottesville, Danville, Harrisonburg, Lynchburg, and Roanoke. Paul was appointed to succeed Judge Henry Clay McDowell (1885), his father's successor on the bench, only weeks before Franklin Roosevelt became president.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  One of the most significant of Paul's early decisions was \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eUS v. Appalachian Electric Power Co.\u003c/emph\u003e, 23 F. Supp. 83 (1938), although his files on this case are not extensive. The Federal Power Commission had wanted the electric company to apply for a license before building a dam on the New River. When it did not do so, the federal government sued to enjoin construction. Paul dismissed the government's suit, ruling that the New was not a navigable river, and that the dam would therefore not impair interstate commerce. His decision was upheld by the Fourth Circuit, but overturned by the Supreme Court two years later.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  One group of cases that required a great deal of Paul's time and attention concerned land condemnation by the federal government. Under the Weeks Forestry Act of 1911, the federal government had, between 1912 and 1932, claimed 700,000 acres of Virginia for national forest, and in 1933 efforts were begun to claim two million more over the next ten years. The monetary value of the land was seldom in dispute, having been assessed at fair market value by a local, court-appointed commissioner, but in many cases titles were deficient. These areas of forest had first been parceled out in the late eighteenth century in hundred- thousand acre lots, and over the years had been divided and sold many times. Almost from the beginning, Paul was inundated with complex condemnation proceedings.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Even when he was no longer sole judge for the district, Paul continued to handle all condemnation cases. In the 1950s, he was a vociferous opponent of a controversial proposal to amend Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 71A to require that all valuation of condemned land be by jury rather than by court-appointed commissioners.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The most sensational case Paul heard during the 1930s was the Franklin County liquor conspiracy case. Twenty-three men, many of them county officials, were accused of turning their heads or actually aiding large-scale illegal liquor manufacturing in the county over a number of years. (Just how much liquor was made became clear in testimony that thirty-five tons of a particular brand of yeast had been sold in Franklin over a four-year period.) The trial lasted fifty days, a record in modern Virginia court history, and resulted in twenty convictions. Unfortunately, there are no files in the collection about this case, possibly because Paul gave them to someone planning to write about it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  By the end of the 30s, Paul's workload was staggering. In a 1937 letter to Senator Carter Glass, he described in great detail how much travelling he had to do, how difficult it was for lawyers to contact him, and how hard it was to keep on top of his written work. In addition to the large number of condemnation cases, he noted that civil suits involving the government had increased by almost a hundred percent during the Roosevelt administration. Furthermore, with new rules of civil procedure soon to go into effect, he foresaw an increase in interlocutory motions that would demand more of his time. In seeking relief from this difficult schedule, Paul favored the elimination of two of the seven court locations rather than the appointment of another judge in the district. He did not want a law clerk, nor did he ever employ one.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Congress soon decided that the Western District needed another judge, and in July 1939, Armistead Mason Dobie was appointed. Dobie served only six months before being appointed to the Fourth Circuit, and Alfred Dickinson Barksdale took his place on the district bench. At the end of 1939, Paul made his first report of caseload statistics to the newly created Judicial Council for the Fourth Circuit. He reported that 276 cases were still pending from the year before, proceedings were begun in 678 civil and criminal cases, and 799 bankruptcies were filed -- adequate evidence that a second judge was needed. With two judges, the court continued to meet twice a year in seven locations. For over seventeen years Paul and Barksdale worked quite amicably together, corresponded often, travelled to meetings together, and occasionally socialized along with their wives. Although his letters were always reserved, Paul was more open and affectionate with Barksdale than with most correspondents.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  In addition to the condemnation cases, Paul heard a large number of bankruptcy and debt cases through the 30s, 40s, and early 50s. There were also a number of illegal liquor cases of much smaller magnitude than the Franklin County cases. During World War II, there were a few cases involving conscientious objectors and quite a few brought by the Office of Price Administration against violators of price fixing.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Until the late 50s, however, Paul's work had received little media attention. This changed dramatically with the school desegregation cases, which came in the wake of the Supreme Court's decision in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrown v. Board of Education\u003c/emph\u003e. In July 1956, in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAllen v. School Board of the City of Charlottesville\u003c/emph\u003e, Paul became the first judge in Virginia to enjoin any school admission decisions based on race. In the summer of 1958, he officially retired in order to be free of administrative duties as chief judge of the Western District, although he would continue to hear cases until the end of his life. In September, soon after the announcement of his \"retirement,\" the Charlottesville case came before him again because the city's schools were still entirely segregated. Paul ordered ten African American children admitted to a white elementary school, and two to the white high school. All of these children lived closer to the white schools than the segregated ones they had been attending. On 9 September, \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eThe New York Times\u003c/emph\u003e ran a front-page article on the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAllen\u003c/emph\u003e case, and reported Paul's statement from the bench accusing \"politicians\" and \"officers of the state\" of inciting public hostility to the racial integration of Virginia's public schools.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  As Paul expected, a few days later Governor J. Lindsay Almond closed the Charlottesville schools. The schools reopened after the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals and a three-judge federal district court both ruled on January 19, 1959, that the school closing was unconstitutional. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eHarrison v. Day\u003c/emph\u003e, 200 Va. 439, 106 S.E.2d 636 (1959); \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eJames v. Almond\u003c/emph\u003e, 170 F. Supp. 331 (E.D. Va. 1959).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  In 1959, Paul approved the school system's plan to divide the city into six geographical districts and to assign all city elementary students to neighborhood schools. In practice, however, the white children in the one predominantly African American district were automatically reassigned to a white school. There was one white and one African American high school in the city, and African American students who petitioned for admittance to the white high school were subjected to evaluations of their academic records and school behavior. When, in 1960, plaintiffs objected to this unequal treatment, Paul upheld it with certain reservations. The Fourth Circuit, in \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eDodson v. School Board\u003c/emph\u003e, 289 F.2d 439 (1961), refused to reverse Paul's decision but directed the school system to move toward a fairer plan. They noted that school authorities had made a genuine effort to begin desegregation, and that the \"able and conscientious\" District Judge had retained the case on his docket for future action as necessary. When the plaintiffs returned to his court, Paul followed the direction of the circuit and ordered the school system to apply admissions procedures absolutely equally to both races. He declared, \"This in effect means that as matters now stand attendance at the high schools in Charlottesville is to be based solely on the student's decision as to which school he prefers to attend.\" \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAllen v. School Board\u003c/emph\u003e, 203 F. Supp. 225, 229 (1961).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Two years after the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAllen\u003c/emph\u003e case got under way, Paul began hearing another desegregation case. Warren County had three elementary schools for white children, one elementary school for African American children, and one high school for whites only. Consequently, the county was transporting its African American high school students to other counties. In 1958, Paul issued an injunction, affirmed by the Fourth Circuit, ordering the school system immediately to admit the plaintiffs to the white high school. \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSchool Board of Warren County v. Kilby\u003c/emph\u003e, 259 F.2d 497 (1958). Although the governor promptly closed the high school, when it reopened in early 1959 twenty-two African American students were allowed to attend Warren County High School. Paul felt swift action was called for in this case of egregious inequality, although total integration was by no means achieved quickly.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Paul's measured rulings in the Charlottesville and Warren County cases show no particular inclination to push the white community beyond the minimum school integration required by \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBrown\u003c/emph\u003e. Viewed in the context of Virginia's political atmosphere, though, Paul's approach seems quite moderate and reasonable. He approached a situation that many Virginians saw as catastrophic with the same dignity, respect for the law, and sense of fairness that he had brought to property or illegal liquor cases.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The Charlottesville and other school integration cases hit Paul late in his career, and with them came unprecedented citizen and media attention, much of it unfavorable. Since he was in his late 70s, once again a widower, and in poor health, he had reasonable excuses for leaving these difficult issues to younger judges. But there is no indication in Paul's papers that he ever considered such a possibility. He appeared in court only a few weeks before his death, at the age of eighty, on February 13, 1964.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Paul was born December 9, 1883, one of six children of John and Katherine Green Paul. The elder John Paul had taken his law degree at the University of Virginia (1867), and served as both Commonwealth's Attorney and member of the Virginia State Senate before being elected to the US House of Representatives in 1880. Three months before the birth of his son John, he left Congress to become District Judge for the Western District of Virginia, a position he held until his death in 1901.","  The Paul family was prominent in the Shenandoah Valley and lived on a large Rockingham County farm called Ottobine. The younger John Paul inherited this property and lived there his entire life, raising cattle as he pursued his legal career. After graduating from the Virginia Military Institute with a degree in civil engineering, he studied law at the University of Virginia and graduated in 1906. He entered private practice in Harrisonburg, and before long launched his political career with an unsuccessful bid as Republican candidate for Congress in 1910. In 1912 he was elected to the state senate, and attended the first of four consecutive Republican national conventions. In 1914, he married Frances Danenhower.","  While Paul was serving as a field artillery captain in France during World War I, his wife died. After the war, he returned to the state senate and in 1920 was elected to a term in Congress. In 1924 he was appointed special assistant to the United States Attorney General, and the following year became U. S. Attorney for the Western District of Virginia. In December 1932, President Herbert Hoover appointed Paul to the federal bench in the western district of Virginia. In 1939, he married Alice Kelly Taylor.","  When John Paul went on the court in 1932, he was the sole judge for a district serving a large, predominantly rural, area. The court met twice a year in each of seven locations: Abingdon, Big Stone Gap, Charlottesville, Danville, Harrisonburg, Lynchburg, and Roanoke. Paul was appointed to succeed Judge Henry Clay McDowell (1885), his father's successor on the bench, only weeks before Franklin Roosevelt became president.","  One of the most significant of Paul's early decisions was  US v. Appalachian Electric Power Co. , 23 F. Supp. 83 (1938), although his files on this case are not extensive. The Federal Power Commission had wanted the electric company to apply for a license before building a dam on the New River. When it did not do so, the federal government sued to enjoin construction. Paul dismissed the government's suit, ruling that the New was not a navigable river, and that the dam would therefore not impair interstate commerce. His decision was upheld by the Fourth Circuit, but overturned by the Supreme Court two years later.","  One group of cases that required a great deal of Paul's time and attention concerned land condemnation by the federal government. Under the Weeks Forestry Act of 1911, the federal government had, between 1912 and 1932, claimed 700,000 acres of Virginia for national forest, and in 1933 efforts were begun to claim two million more over the next ten years. The monetary value of the land was seldom in dispute, having been assessed at fair market value by a local, court-appointed commissioner, but in many cases titles were deficient. These areas of forest had first been parceled out in the late eighteenth century in hundred- thousand acre lots, and over the years had been divided and sold many times. Almost from the beginning, Paul was inundated with complex condemnation proceedings.","  Even when he was no longer sole judge for the district, Paul continued to handle all condemnation cases. In the 1950s, he was a vociferous opponent of a controversial proposal to amend Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 71A to require that all valuation of condemned land be by jury rather than by court-appointed commissioners.","  The most sensational case Paul heard during the 1930s was the Franklin County liquor conspiracy case. Twenty-three men, many of them county officials, were accused of turning their heads or actually aiding large-scale illegal liquor manufacturing in the county over a number of years. (Just how much liquor was made became clear in testimony that thirty-five tons of a particular brand of yeast had been sold in Franklin over a four-year period.) The trial lasted fifty days, a record in modern Virginia court history, and resulted in twenty convictions. Unfortunately, there are no files in the collection about this case, possibly because Paul gave them to someone planning to write about it.","  By the end of the 30s, Paul's workload was staggering. In a 1937 letter to Senator Carter Glass, he described in great detail how much travelling he had to do, how difficult it was for lawyers to contact him, and how hard it was to keep on top of his written work. In addition to the large number of condemnation cases, he noted that civil suits involving the government had increased by almost a hundred percent during the Roosevelt administration. Furthermore, with new rules of civil procedure soon to go into effect, he foresaw an increase in interlocutory motions that would demand more of his time. In seeking relief from this difficult schedule, Paul favored the elimination of two of the seven court locations rather than the appointment of another judge in the district. He did not want a law clerk, nor did he ever employ one.","  Congress soon decided that the Western District needed another judge, and in July 1939, Armistead Mason Dobie was appointed. Dobie served only six months before being appointed to the Fourth Circuit, and Alfred Dickinson Barksdale took his place on the district bench. At the end of 1939, Paul made his first report of caseload statistics to the newly created Judicial Council for the Fourth Circuit. He reported that 276 cases were still pending from the year before, proceedings were begun in 678 civil and criminal cases, and 799 bankruptcies were filed -- adequate evidence that a second judge was needed. With two judges, the court continued to meet twice a year in seven locations. For over seventeen years Paul and Barksdale worked quite amicably together, corresponded often, travelled to meetings together, and occasionally socialized along with their wives. Although his letters were always reserved, Paul was more open and affectionate with Barksdale than with most correspondents.","  In addition to the condemnation cases, Paul heard a large number of bankruptcy and debt cases through the 30s, 40s, and early 50s. There were also a number of illegal liquor cases of much smaller magnitude than the Franklin County cases. During World War II, there were a few cases involving conscientious objectors and quite a few brought by the Office of Price Administration against violators of price fixing.","  Until the late 50s, however, Paul's work had received little media attention. This changed dramatically with the school desegregation cases, which came in the wake of the Supreme Court's decision in  Brown v. Board of Education . In July 1956, in  Allen v. School Board of the City of Charlottesville , Paul became the first judge in Virginia to enjoin any school admission decisions based on race. In the summer of 1958, he officially retired in order to be free of administrative duties as chief judge of the Western District, although he would continue to hear cases until the end of his life. In September, soon after the announcement of his \"retirement,\" the Charlottesville case came before him again because the city's schools were still entirely segregated. Paul ordered ten African American children admitted to a white elementary school, and two to the white high school. All of these children lived closer to the white schools than the segregated ones they had been attending. On 9 September,  The New York Times  ran a front-page article on the  Allen  case, and reported Paul's statement from the bench accusing \"politicians\" and \"officers of the state\" of inciting public hostility to the racial integration of Virginia's public schools.","  As Paul expected, a few days later Governor J. Lindsay Almond closed the Charlottesville schools. The schools reopened after the Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals and a three-judge federal district court both ruled on January 19, 1959, that the school closing was unconstitutional.  Harrison v. Day , 200 Va. 439, 106 S.E.2d 636 (1959);  James v. Almond , 170 F. Supp. 331 (E.D. Va. 1959).","  In 1959, Paul approved the school system's plan to divide the city into six geographical districts and to assign all city elementary students to neighborhood schools. In practice, however, the white children in the one predominantly African American district were automatically reassigned to a white school. There was one white and one African American high school in the city, and African American students who petitioned for admittance to the white high school were subjected to evaluations of their academic records and school behavior. When, in 1960, plaintiffs objected to this unequal treatment, Paul upheld it with certain reservations. The Fourth Circuit, in  Dodson v. School Board , 289 F.2d 439 (1961), refused to reverse Paul's decision but directed the school system to move toward a fairer plan. They noted that school authorities had made a genuine effort to begin desegregation, and that the \"able and conscientious\" District Judge had retained the case on his docket for future action as necessary. When the plaintiffs returned to his court, Paul followed the direction of the circuit and ordered the school system to apply admissions procedures absolutely equally to both races. He declared, \"This in effect means that as matters now stand attendance at the high schools in Charlottesville is to be based solely on the student's decision as to which school he prefers to attend.\"  Allen v. School Board , 203 F. Supp. 225, 229 (1961).","  Two years after the  Allen  case got under way, Paul began hearing another desegregation case. Warren County had three elementary schools for white children, one elementary school for African American children, and one high school for whites only. Consequently, the county was transporting its African American high school students to other counties. In 1958, Paul issued an injunction, affirmed by the Fourth Circuit, ordering the school system immediately to admit the plaintiffs to the white high school.  School Board of Warren County v. Kilby , 259 F.2d 497 (1958). Although the governor promptly closed the high school, when it reopened in early 1959 twenty-two African American students were allowed to attend Warren County High School. Paul felt swift action was called for in this case of egregious inequality, although total integration was by no means achieved quickly.","  Paul's measured rulings in the Charlottesville and Warren County cases show no particular inclination to push the white community beyond the minimum school integration required by  Brown . Viewed in the context of Virginia's political atmosphere, though, Paul's approach seems quite moderate and reasonable. He approached a situation that many Virginians saw as catastrophic with the same dignity, respect for the law, and sense of fairness that he had brought to property or illegal liquor cases.","  The Charlottesville and other school integration cases hit Paul late in his career, and with them came unprecedented citizen and media attention, much of it unfavorable. Since he was in his late 70s, once again a widower, and in poor health, he had reasonable excuses for leaving these difficult issues to younger judges. But there is no indication in Paul's papers that he ever considered such a possibility. He appeared in court only a few weeks before his death, at the age of eighty, on February 13, 1964."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCheck date on this item\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Check date on this item"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Paul papers are organized in six series based upon the nature of the files: administrative material, general civil and criminal cases, bankruptcy cases, land condemnation cases, professional correspondence, and speeches and articles.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries I\u003c/emph\u003e is comprised of administrative files containing extensive correspondence and records of the administration of the federal district court, from the early 1930s to the early 1960s. Changes over these years, and Paul's reactions to them, are reflected in reports and in correspondence with other judges, the district court staff, and the staff of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts. Other substantial files in this series contain information regarding case loads, rules of court, probation, jury call decisions, and the appointments of US commissioners.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries II\u003c/emph\u003e consists of general civil and criminal case files arranged in alphabetical order by plaintiff last name. While these files primarily contain correspondence, there are occasional copies of some of the court records of a case. By far the single most important cases in the collection are those concerning school desegregation. The case files for \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAllen v. School Board of the City of Charlottesville\u003c/emph\u003e and \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eKilby v. School Board of Warren County\u003c/emph\u003e contain Paul's extensive correspondence with other district and circuit judges, as well as with the lawyers involved, annotated motions, drafts of opinions, and other important documents. The general case files are followed by motions, pleadings and orders, and by handwritten notes taken from the bench, which had been kept separate from the case files.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  The school desegregation cases have many exchanges of letters with J. Lindsay Almond Jr., John S. Battle Jr., Oliver W. Hill, Spottswood W. Robinson III, and S. W. Tucker.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries III,\u003c/emph\u003e the bankruptcy case files, is broken into two subseries. The first subseries contains files concerning bankruptcies of individuals and businesses, which are preceded by the administrative files concerning these cases. The second subseries concerns bankruptcies of farmers handled under Section 75 of the Bankruptcy Act.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries IV\u003c/emph\u003e is comprised of land condemnation cases, which are listed by last name of the first owner named in the case; also noted is the county in which the land is located. These files include the commissioners' reports, orders, opinions (some handwritten), and correspondence.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries V\u003c/emph\u003e contains professional correspondence between Jugde Paul and other judges.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eSeries VI\u003c/emph\u003e contains a small collection of speeches and articles by Judge Paul.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e  Not limited to Series V, but sprinkled throughout the collection, is Judge Paul's correspondence with other judges. His most frequent and long-term correspondent was Judge Alfred D. Barksdale. Other judges with whom he corresponded regularly when their terms overlapped were Albert V. Bryan, Armistead M. Dobie, Ted Dalton, Sterling Hutcheson, John J. Parker, Floyd H. Roberts, Simon E. Sobeloff, and Roby C. Thompson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[4 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[41 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e7 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e6 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e11 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e3 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[7 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[57 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[57 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[57 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[57 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[57 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[57 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[57 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[57 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e57 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[41 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e41 folders\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[41 folders]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e[19 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Changes over these years, and Paul's reactions to them, are reflected in reports and in correspondence with other judges, the district court staff, and the staff of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts. Other substantial files in this series contain information regarding case loads, rules of court, probation, jury call decisions, and the appointments of US commissioners.","Series II  consists of general civil and criminal case files arranged in alphabetical order by plaintiff last name. While these files primarily contain correspondence, there are occasional copies of some of the court records of a case. By far the single most important cases in the collection are those concerning school desegregation. The case files for  Allen v. School Board of the City of Charlottesville  and  Kilby v. School Board of Warren County  contain Paul's extensive correspondence with other district and circuit judges, as well as with the lawyers involved, annotated motions, drafts of opinions, and other important documents. The general case files are followed by motions, pleadings and orders, and by handwritten notes taken from the bench, which had been kept separate from the case files.","  The school desegregation cases have many exchanges of letters with J. Lindsay Almond Jr., John S. Battle Jr., Oliver W. Hill, Spottswood W. Robinson III, and S. W. Tucker.","Series III,  the bankruptcy case files, is broken into two subseries. The first subseries contains files concerning bankruptcies of individuals and businesses, which are preceded by the administrative files concerning these cases. The second subseries concerns bankruptcies of farmers handled under Section 75 of the Bankruptcy Act.","Series IV  is comprised of land condemnation cases, which are listed by last name of the first owner named in the case; also noted is the county in which the land is located. These files include the commissioners' reports, orders, opinions (some handwritten), and correspondence.","Series V  contains professional correspondence between Jugde Paul and other judges.","Series VI  contains a small collection of speeches and articles by Judge Paul.","  Not limited to Series V, but sprinkled throughout the collection, is Judge Paul's correspondence with other judges. His most frequent and long-term correspondent was Judge Alfred D. Barksdale. Other judges with whom he corresponded regularly when their terms overlapped were Albert V. Bryan, Armistead M. Dobie, Ted Dalton, Sterling Hutcheson, John J. Parker, Floyd H. Roberts, Simon E. Sobeloff, and Roby C. Thompson.","[4 folders]","[41 folders]","7 folders","6 folders","11 folders","11 folders","11 folders","11 folders","3 folders","2 folders","[7 folders]","[57 folders]","[57 folders]","[57 folders]","[57 folders]","[57 folders]","[57 folders]","[57 folders]","[57 folders]","57 folders","[41 folders]","41 folders","[41 folders]","[19 folders]","[6 folders]","[5 folders]","[5 folders]","[12 folders]","[12 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[6 folders]","[6 folders]","[4 folders]","[5 folders]","[3 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[5 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[4 folders]","[4 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[3 folders]","[3 folders]","[3 folders]","[6 folders]","[2 folders]","[6 folders]","[6 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[6 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[4 folders]","[2 folders]","[2 folders]","[7 folders]","[2 folders]","[3 folders]","[2 folders]","[7 folders]","[4 folders]","[6 folders]","[6 folders]","2 folders","[2 folders]","[5 folders]"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no use restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no use restrictions."],"names_coll_ssim":["United States. 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Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed  Portrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia , which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz."],"title_filing_ssi":"Writing","title_ssm":["Writing"],"title_tesim":["Writing"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1912-1963"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1912/1963"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writing"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["University of Richmond"],"collection_ssim":["Carl Van Vechten - Mark Lutz Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":26,"level_ssm":["Subseries"],"level_ssim":["Subseries"],"sort_isi":209,"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  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To contact the Trust, email VanVechtenTrust@gmail.com."],"date_range_isim":[1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Stein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. 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Toklas Subseries 4.6: Photographs of Mark Lutz Subseries 4.7: Oversize Photographs Subseries 4.8: Photographs of art depicting St. Christopher  St. Barbara","Carl Van Vechten was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, on June 17, 1880, the son of Charles Duane Van Vechten and Ada Amanda Fitch. After leaving Iowa to attend college at the University of Chicago, Van Vechten moved to New York in 1906 where he worked as a noted music, drama, art, and cultural critic throughout his life. He was also highly interested in promoting the literary arts as well as authoring numerous works himself. In addition to his own literary work, Van Vechten supported a number of authors and artists, especially those affiliated with the Harlem Renaissance, as well as befriending Gertrude Stein. In his later years, Van Vechten also became a noted portrait photographer. He married Anna Elizabeth Snyder in 1907, but the couple divorced in 1912.  He later married Russian actress, Fania Marinoff, in 1914. Van Vechten passed away in New York in 1964. Numerous biographies and specialized studies are available in the library for further research.","Mark Lutz was born in Glassborough, New Jersey, in 1901, but moved with his family to Richmond the next year when his father became the editor of the  Richmond News Leader . Lutz attended the University of Richmond, graduating in 1926 before following his father into the business of journalism. Lutz worked for both the  Richmond News Leader  and the  Times-Dispatch  as a book reviewer and theater critic. He met Van Vechten through a friend in the early 1930s and remained lifelong friends. Lutz eventually moved to the Germantown area of Philadelphia, working for the  Philco News  and other industrial publications. Lutz passed away in Philadelphia in 1969. Upon his death, per his request, the letters between Lutz and Van Vechten were destroyed.","Donated by Mark Lutz, William Jepson, and Bruce Kellner at various times between 1978 and 1992.","The photographs in Subseries IVH contain depictions of St. Christopher and St. Barbara in various locations, primarily in Spain. To respect the cultural and linguistic diversity of the region, the co-official local languages have been used to reference the names of towns, cities, and other places (including museums and churches). Languages included are: Catalan and  Valencian.","A number of institutions hold manuscript or photograph collections of Van Vechten materials.  Those institutions include: the New York Public Library, the Beinecke Rare Book  Manuscript Library of Yale University, Brandeis University, Millersville University, Marquette University, and the Library of Congress.","Several of Earle Lutz's published words are available in the Rare Book Room Collection.","Stein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection.","This collection contains a diverse array of materials that reflect the personal and professional lives of Mark Lutz, Carl Van Vechten, and their connections with key cultural figures. The materials include typescripts, letters, newspaper clippings, exhibition catalogs, and programs, providing insights into their careers and relationships. Photographs feature prominently, with portraits taken by Van Vechten of notable figures like Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, as well as images of Van Vechten and Lutz. The collection also includes manuscripts, playbills, writings by Stein, and other documents related to their artistic and literary circles.","Series 1, Carl Van Vechten, contains personal materials in relation to Van Vechten. Beginning with a typescript manuscript of a description of a theater fire in Chicago in 1903, these materials include notices, programs, letters, newspaper clippings, and exhibition catalogs and announcements. Also included are writings by Van Vechten.","Series 2, Mark Lutz, contains information about Lutz's career and works as well as that of Van Vechten.","Subseries 2.1, Personal and Professional Materials, track Lutz's career as a journalist as well as manuscript copies of several plays.","Subseries 2.2, Correspondence, contains a variety of letters between Lutz and several correspondents, including fellow Richmonders James Branch Cabell and Ellen Glasgow as well as Langston Hughes.","Subseries 2.3, Programs, contains performance programs from an array of performances Lutz and Van Vechten attended in New York and Richmond.","Subseries 2.4, Francis Earle Lutz, contains materials about Lutz's brother, also a noted author and veteran.","Series 3, Gertrude Stein, contains materials related to the relationship between Lutz, Van Vechten, Alice B. Toklas, and Gertrude Stein.","Subseries 3.1, Personal, contains items of a personal nature, including correspondence and a canceled check.","Subseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed  Portrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia , which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz.","Subseries 3.3 contains articles written about Gertrude Stein, including reviews, biographical pieces, and more general informational write-ups.","Subseries 3.4, Exhibits, is a series of catalogs and programs written by Stein for various exhibits.","Subseries 3.5 contains newspaper clippings about Stein and especially her travels in the United States in the mid-1930s.","Subseries 3.6, Playbills, contains collected examples of playbills for various productions of Stein-authored works.","Series 4, Photographs, contains the visual and photographic materials of the collection.","Subseries 4.1 contains personal photographs of Van Vechten, his wife Fania Marinoff, and images of Van Vechten with acquaintances or depicted in art forms.","Subseries 4.2 contains images of the New York apartment which was home to Van Vechten and Marinoff during the 1930s, located at 150 W. 55th Street in New York City.","Subseries 4.3 contains photographs taken by Carl Van Vetchen, which are nearly all photographic portraits.","Subseries 4.4 contains a few photographs that were for promotion or of art pieces.","Subseries 4.5 contains Van Vechten's photographs of Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, perhaps some of the best-known items in the collection.","Subseries 4.6 contains Van Vechten's many photographic studies of Mark Lutz in various positions, costumes, locations, and sizes.","Subseries 4.7 contains oversize photographs by Van Vechten, including photos of Stein and Toklas as well as other artistic figures of the 1930s.","Subseries 4.8 contains many photographs and cards of art depicting images of St. Christopher and St. Barbara that were most likely used to research Stein and Lutz's writings about saints.","Books written or collected by Carl Van Vechten or Mark Lutz, including Gertrude Stein books, have been separated from the manuscript collection and cataloged into the Rare Book Room collection. All of these materials may be located via the library catalog by searching \"Mark Lutz Collection\".","Contains blurb by Carl Van Vechten.","Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  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To contact the Trust, email VanVechtenTrust@gmail.com."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Catalogs","Personal correspondence","Photographs","Clippings"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Catalogs","Personal correspondence","Photographs","Clippings"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["18 Linear Feet 15 archival boxes, 1 oversized archival box."],"extent_tesim":["18 Linear Feet 15 archival boxes, 1 oversized archival box."],"physfacet_tesim":["Primarily photographs and manuscript material."],"genreform_ssim":["Personal correspondence","Photographs","Clippings"],"date_range_isim":[1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSigned copy of the book is cataloged in Rare Book Room collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Signed copy of the book is cataloged in Rare Book Room collection."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cbr\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.1: Personal  Professional Materials\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.2: Correspondence\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.3: Programs\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 2.4: Francis Earle Lutz\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.1: Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.2: Writing\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.3: Articles about Gertrude Stein\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.4: Exhibits\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.5: Newspaper Clippings\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 3.6: Playbills\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e","\u003cul\u003e\n\n\u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.1: Carl Van Vechten, Personal\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.2: New York Apartment\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.3: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.4: Other Photographs\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.5: Photographs of Gertrude Stein  Alice B. Toklas\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.6: Photographs of Mark Lutz\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.7: Oversize Photographs\u003c/li\u003e\n    \u003cli\u003eSubseries 4.8: Photographs of art depicting St. Christopher  St. Barbara\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["","Subseries 2.1: Personal  Professional Materials Subseries 2.2: Correspondence Subseries 2.3: Programs Subseries 2.4: Francis Earle Lutz","Subseries 3.1: Personal Subseries 3.2: Writing Subseries 3.3: Articles about Gertrude Stein Subseries 3.4: Exhibits Subseries 3.5: Newspaper Clippings Subseries 3.6: Playbills","Subseries 4.1: Carl Van Vechten, Personal Subseries 4.2: New York Apartment Subseries 4.3: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten Subseries 4.4: Other Photographs Subseries 4.5: Photographs of Gertrude Stein  Alice B. Toklas Subseries 4.6: Photographs of Mark Lutz Subseries 4.7: Oversize Photographs Subseries 4.8: Photographs of art depicting St. Christopher  St. Barbara"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarl Van Vechten was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, on June 17, 1880, the son of Charles Duane Van Vechten and Ada Amanda Fitch. After leaving Iowa to attend college at the University of Chicago, Van Vechten moved to New York in 1906 where he worked as a noted music, drama, art, and cultural critic throughout his life. He was also highly interested in promoting the literary arts as well as authoring numerous works himself. In addition to his own literary work, Van Vechten supported a number of authors and artists, especially those affiliated with the Harlem Renaissance, as well as befriending Gertrude Stein. In his later years, Van Vechten also became a noted portrait photographer. He married Anna Elizabeth Snyder in 1907, but the couple divorced in 1912.  He later married Russian actress, Fania Marinoff, in 1914. Van Vechten passed away in New York in 1964. Numerous biographies and specialized studies are available in the library for further research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMark Lutz was born in Glassborough, New Jersey, in 1901, but moved with his family to Richmond the next year when his father became the editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eRichmond News Leader\u003c/emph\u003e. Lutz attended the University of Richmond, graduating in 1926 before following his father into the business of journalism. Lutz worked for both the \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eRichmond News Leader\u003c/emph\u003e and the \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003eTimes-Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e as a book reviewer and theater critic. He met Van Vechten through a friend in the early 1930s and remained lifelong friends. Lutz eventually moved to the Germantown area of Philadelphia, working for the \u003cemph render=\"italics\"\u003ePhilco News\u003c/emph\u003e and other industrial publications. Lutz passed away in Philadelphia in 1969. Upon his death, per his request, the letters between Lutz and Van Vechten were destroyed.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carl Van Vechten was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, on June 17, 1880, the son of Charles Duane Van Vechten and Ada Amanda Fitch. After leaving Iowa to attend college at the University of Chicago, Van Vechten moved to New York in 1906 where he worked as a noted music, drama, art, and cultural critic throughout his life. He was also highly interested in promoting the literary arts as well as authoring numerous works himself. In addition to his own literary work, Van Vechten supported a number of authors and artists, especially those affiliated with the Harlem Renaissance, as well as befriending Gertrude Stein. In his later years, Van Vechten also became a noted portrait photographer. He married Anna Elizabeth Snyder in 1907, but the couple divorced in 1912.  He later married Russian actress, Fania Marinoff, in 1914. Van Vechten passed away in New York in 1964. Numerous biographies and specialized studies are available in the library for further research.","Mark Lutz was born in Glassborough, New Jersey, in 1901, but moved with his family to Richmond the next year when his father became the editor of the  Richmond News Leader . Lutz attended the University of Richmond, graduating in 1926 before following his father into the business of journalism. Lutz worked for both the  Richmond News Leader  and the  Times-Dispatch  as a book reviewer and theater critic. He met Van Vechten through a friend in the early 1930s and remained lifelong friends. Lutz eventually moved to the Germantown area of Philadelphia, working for the  Philco News  and other industrial publications. Lutz passed away in Philadelphia in 1969. Upon his death, per his request, the letters between Lutz and Van Vechten were destroyed."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDonated by Mark Lutz, William Jepson, and Bruce Kellner at various times between 1978 and 1992.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Donated by Mark Lutz, William Jepson, and Bruce Kellner at various times between 1978 and 1992."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-1, Carl Van Vechten – Mark Lutz Collection, Book Arts, Archives,  Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Box Number, Folder Number], MS-1, Carl Van Vechten – Mark Lutz Collection, Book Arts, Archives,  Rare Books, Boatwright Memorial Library, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe photographs in Subseries IVH contain depictions of St. Christopher and St. Barbara in various locations, primarily in Spain. To respect the cultural and linguistic diversity of the region, the co-official local languages have been used to reference the names of towns, cities, and other places (including museums and churches). Languages included are: Catalan and  Valencian.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The photographs in Subseries IVH contain depictions of St. Christopher and St. Barbara in various locations, primarily in Spain. To respect the cultural and linguistic diversity of the region, the co-official local languages have been used to reference the names of towns, cities, and other places (including museums and churches). Languages included are: Catalan and  Valencian."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA number of institutions hold manuscript or photograph collections of Van Vechten materials.  Those institutions include: the New York Public Library, the Beinecke Rare Book  Manuscript Library of Yale University, Brandeis University, Millersville University, Marquette University, and the Library of Congress.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeveral of Earle Lutz's published words are available in the Rare Book Room Collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials","Related Materials","Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["A number of institutions hold manuscript or photograph collections of Van Vechten materials.  Those institutions include: the New York Public Library, the Beinecke Rare Book  Manuscript Library of Yale University, Brandeis University, Millersville University, Marquette University, and the Library of Congress.","Several of Earle Lutz's published words are available in the Rare Book Room Collection.","Stein's published books from the collection have been added into the Rare Book Room collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a diverse array of materials that reflect the personal and professional lives of Mark Lutz, Carl Van Vechten, and their connections with key cultural figures. The materials include typescripts, letters, newspaper clippings, exhibition catalogs, and programs, providing insights into their careers and relationships. Photographs feature prominently, with portraits taken by Van Vechten of notable figures like Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, as well as images of Van Vechten and Lutz. The collection also includes manuscripts, playbills, writings by Stein, and other documents related to their artistic and literary circles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1, Carl Van Vechten, contains personal materials in relation to Van Vechten. Beginning with a typescript manuscript of a description of a theater fire in Chicago in 1903, these materials include notices, programs, letters, newspaper clippings, and exhibition catalogs and announcements. Also included are writings by Van Vechten.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2, Mark Lutz, contains information about Lutz's career and works as well as that of Van Vechten.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.1, Personal and Professional Materials, track Lutz's career as a journalist as well as manuscript copies of several plays.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.2, Correspondence, contains a variety of letters between Lutz and several correspondents, including fellow Richmonders James Branch Cabell and Ellen Glasgow as well as Langston Hughes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.3, Programs, contains performance programs from an array of performances Lutz and Van Vechten attended in New York and Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 2.4, Francis Earle Lutz, contains materials about Lutz's brother, also a noted author and veteran.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3, Gertrude Stein, contains materials related to the relationship between Lutz, Van Vechten, Alice B. Toklas, and Gertrude Stein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.1, Personal, contains items of a personal nature, including correspondence and a canceled check.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed \u003ctitle\u003ePortrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia\u003c/title\u003e, which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.3 contains articles written about Gertrude Stein, including reviews, biographical pieces, and more general informational write-ups.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.4, Exhibits, is a series of catalogs and programs written by Stein for various exhibits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.5 contains newspaper clippings about Stein and especially her travels in the United States in the mid-1930s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 3.6, Playbills, contains collected examples of playbills for various productions of Stein-authored works.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4, Photographs, contains the visual and photographic materials of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.1 contains personal photographs of Van Vechten, his wife Fania Marinoff, and images of Van Vechten with acquaintances or depicted in art forms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.2 contains images of the New York apartment which was home to Van Vechten and Marinoff during the 1930s, located at 150 W. 55th Street in New York City.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.3 contains photographs taken by Carl Van Vetchen, which are nearly all photographic portraits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.4 contains a few photographs that were for promotion or of art pieces.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.5 contains Van Vechten's photographs of Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, perhaps some of the best-known items in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.6 contains Van Vechten's many photographic studies of Mark Lutz in various positions, costumes, locations, and sizes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.7 contains oversize photographs by Van Vechten, including photos of Stein and Toklas as well as other artistic figures of the 1930s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSubseries 4.8 contains many photographs and cards of art depicting images of St. Christopher and St. Barbara that were most likely used to research Stein and Lutz's writings about saints.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a diverse array of materials that reflect the personal and professional lives of Mark Lutz, Carl Van Vechten, and their connections with key cultural figures. The materials include typescripts, letters, newspaper clippings, exhibition catalogs, and programs, providing insights into their careers and relationships. Photographs feature prominently, with portraits taken by Van Vechten of notable figures like Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, as well as images of Van Vechten and Lutz. The collection also includes manuscripts, playbills, writings by Stein, and other documents related to their artistic and literary circles.","Series 1, Carl Van Vechten, contains personal materials in relation to Van Vechten. Beginning with a typescript manuscript of a description of a theater fire in Chicago in 1903, these materials include notices, programs, letters, newspaper clippings, and exhibition catalogs and announcements. Also included are writings by Van Vechten.","Series 2, Mark Lutz, contains information about Lutz's career and works as well as that of Van Vechten.","Subseries 2.1, Personal and Professional Materials, track Lutz's career as a journalist as well as manuscript copies of several plays.","Subseries 2.2, Correspondence, contains a variety of letters between Lutz and several correspondents, including fellow Richmonders James Branch Cabell and Ellen Glasgow as well as Langston Hughes.","Subseries 2.3, Programs, contains performance programs from an array of performances Lutz and Van Vechten attended in New York and Richmond.","Subseries 2.4, Francis Earle Lutz, contains materials about Lutz's brother, also a noted author and veteran.","Series 3, Gertrude Stein, contains materials related to the relationship between Lutz, Van Vechten, Alice B. Toklas, and Gertrude Stein.","Subseries 3.1, Personal, contains items of a personal nature, including correspondence and a canceled check.","Subseries 3.2, Writing, contains primarily materials written by Stein, often inscribed to Van Vechten and/or Lutz. Of particular note is Box 6, File 16, which contains a copy of the privately printed  Portrait of Mabel Dodge at the Villa Curonia , which was bound with wallpaper and published in Italy, inscribed to Lutz.","Subseries 3.3 contains articles written about Gertrude Stein, including reviews, biographical pieces, and more general informational write-ups.","Subseries 3.4, Exhibits, is a series of catalogs and programs written by Stein for various exhibits.","Subseries 3.5 contains newspaper clippings about Stein and especially her travels in the United States in the mid-1930s.","Subseries 3.6, Playbills, contains collected examples of playbills for various productions of Stein-authored works.","Series 4, Photographs, contains the visual and photographic materials of the collection.","Subseries 4.1 contains personal photographs of Van Vechten, his wife Fania Marinoff, and images of Van Vechten with acquaintances or depicted in art forms.","Subseries 4.2 contains images of the New York apartment which was home to Van Vechten and Marinoff during the 1930s, located at 150 W. 55th Street in New York City.","Subseries 4.3 contains photographs taken by Carl Van Vetchen, which are nearly all photographic portraits.","Subseries 4.4 contains a few photographs that were for promotion or of art pieces.","Subseries 4.5 contains Van Vechten's photographs of Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas, perhaps some of the best-known items in the collection.","Subseries 4.6 contains Van Vechten's many photographic studies of Mark Lutz in various positions, costumes, locations, and sizes.","Subseries 4.7 contains oversize photographs by Van Vechten, including photos of Stein and Toklas as well as other artistic figures of the 1930s.","Subseries 4.8 contains many photographs and cards of art depicting images of St. Christopher and St. Barbara that were most likely used to research Stein and Lutz's writings about saints."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBooks written or collected by Carl Van Vechten or Mark Lutz, including Gertrude Stein books, have been separated from the manuscript collection and cataloged into the Rare Book Room collection. All of these materials may be located via the library catalog by searching \"Mark Lutz Collection\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eContains blurb by Carl Van Vechten.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials","Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Books written or collected by Carl Van Vechten or Mark Lutz, including Gertrude Stein books, have been separated from the manuscript collection and cataloged into the Rare Book Room collection. All of these materials may be located via the library catalog by searching \"Mark Lutz Collection\".","Contains blurb by Carl Van Vechten."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCopyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRestrictions on Photographs: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten are used only with permission of the Van Vechten Trust, and it is the researcher's responsibility to request that permission. The permission of the Trust is required prior to any reprint or use of Van Vechten photographs in any way, including publication. To contact the Trust, email VanVechtenTrust@gmail.com.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Copyright restrictions may apply. Unpublished manuscripts are protected by copyright.  Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder.","Restrictions on Photographs: Photographs by Carl Van Vechten are used only with permission of the Van Vechten Trust, and it is the researcher's responsibility to request that permission. The permission of the Trust is required prior to any reprint or use of Van Vechten photographs in any way, including publication. To contact the Trust, email VanVechtenTrust@gmail.com."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_406af6246fd0b3294dbef1a4bf848fca\"\u003eThis collection contains materials relating to the life and writings of Carl Van Vechten and Gertrude Stein as shared and collected by Mark Lutz. Materials include correspondence and a variety of printed materials including programs, catalogs, reviews, and clippings as well as a substantial number of photographs taken by Van Vechten.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains materials relating to the life and writings of Carl Van Vechten and Gertrude Stein as shared and collected by Mark Lutz. Materials include correspondence and a variety of printed materials including programs, catalogs, reviews, and clippings as well as a substantial number of photographs taken by Van Vechten."],"names_ssim":["University of Richmond ","Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B."],"corpname_ssim":["University of Richmond "],"names_coll_ssim":["Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B."],"persname_ssim":["Van Vechten, Carl, 1880-1964","Lutz, Mark, 1901-1969","Stein, Gertrude, 1874-1946","Toklas, Alice B."],"language_ssim":["English French Catalan; Valencian Spanish; Castilian"],"total_component_count_is":581,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-24T23:34:48.475Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viur_repositories_4_resources_36_c03_c02"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05","viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05","viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers","Series 5: Artifacts and Textiles","Subseries 5.1: Artifacts"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers","Series 5: Artifacts and Textiles","Subseries 5.1: Artifacts"],"text":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers","Series 5: Artifacts and Textiles","Subseries 5.1: Artifacts","Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)","Box 22"],"title_filing_ssi":"Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)","title_ssm":["Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)"],"title_tesim":["Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["undated"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1760/1990"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writing and Painting Utensil Set - Tucker, Edward Henry (5)"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":478,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"containers_ssim":["Box 22"],"_nest_path_":"/components#4/components#0/components#43","timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:40:07.333Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_8073","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_8073.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker papers","title_ssm":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"title_tesim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1760-1990","1800-1900"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1800-1900"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1760-1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00240","/repositories/2/resources/8073"],"text":["MS 00240","/repositories/2/resources/8073","Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers","Bermuda Island (Bermuda Islands)","Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902","Underwater exploration","Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The item in this box is fragile and requires direct supervision for access.","The collection is arranged into series by family. Series 1 covers Teddy Tucker's Papers; Series 2 covers the papers of Teddy Tucker's immediate family;  Series 3 covers the papers of the extended family; Series 4 covers related Taliaferro-Bolton families; and Series 5 consists of artifacts.","Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker was born in Bermuda on May 8th, 1925 to Edward Henry and Sue Taliaferro Bolton.  Teddy became an underwater explorer, teacher, treasure hunter, and pioneer.  He earned the Order of the British Empire from Queen Elizabeth II.  Other achievements include the discovery of more than 100 ship wrecks off the Bermuda coast, work on the Beebe science project with National Geographic, collaboration with the University of Maryland to study gill sharks.  Following service with the Royal Navy during World War II, Teddy endeavored to make a living as a salvage diver.  He taught himself about ships, nautical history, and underwater archeology. Teddy died June 9, 2014. \nSources consulted for this biographical/ Historical History: The New York Times, Teddy Tucker Obituary, June 27, 2014.","The collection consists of correspondence, day books, blueprints, photographs, genealogical research, maps, DVDs, artwork, textiles, and artifacts, circa 1760-1990, relating to the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia. ","There is also a large amount of material relating to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker, an underwater explorer and treasure hunter off the coast of Bermuda. The majority of the artwork in this collection is from Catharine and Ethel Tucker of Bermuda who were aunts of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker.  They created many landscape pieces and maintained a small store on Bermuda wher they sold their works. ","Artifacts include wooden and metal trinkets made by prisoners of war held in Bermuda during the Anglo-Boer war from 1899-1902, textiles, tintype photographs, and family heirloom jewelry. ","This series includes the papers of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his work as a skin diver in and around Bermuda waters.  Teddy devoted a significant amount of his professional life studying marine life and exploring wrecks off coastlines.  He is best known for discovering the Tucker cross, an emerald encrusted 22 karat gold cross, in 1955 from the Spanish galleon shipwreck the \"San Pedro\".  He sold it to the Government of Bermuda in 1959.  Unfortnately, by 1975 it was discovered that it was stolen. Because a replica was used to hide the fact that it was stolen, it is believed that a professional art theif perpetrated the crime. The artifact has never been recovered.  While much of Teddy's underwater findings and work remain in Bermuda, these papers offer insight into his boyhood, correspondence with relatives, and daily life in Bermuda.","This box contains mostly photocopies of documentation and compiled research related to Bermuda and surrounding area shiwrecks.  There are also some files concerning shipwreck artifacts, fragments of books, and copies of excerpts of Columbus's First Voyage through the Bahamas.","Certification that \"Edward H. Tucker passed in the Elementary Stage of Architecture\" by the Committee of her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council on Education Department of Science and Art, London, S.W.","Handwritten poem written by Mrs. Bob Tucker, one of the chaperones.","Tucker genealogy chart covering years prior to 1648 up to approximately 1852.  In poor condition. Fragile.","Drawing made by Edward H. Tucker on tissue paper.","Ordnance map published by the Director General of the Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton. Owned by Major Robert J. Tucker, B.V.R.C.","Survey of Soncy Land (probably in Bermunda) by P.B.A. Melville. No. 2453.Note on reverse: \"George P. Jones, Broadmoor Hotel, Broadmoor, Colorado Springs, Co.","Copy of a blueprint of \"Plan of Land at Perinchiefs or Jews Bay, Southampton Parish\" referred to in the Annexed Certificate.  Signed by Claudia Darrell. Signed by Eeric Dutton, Colonial Secretary, Bermuda. Note on reverse \"Plan of Lots, Green ?.\"","Drawing prepared by E.H. Tucker.","This series includes papers of the family members of the Tucker Family that are directly related to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his mother and father, grandparents of the Tucker family, and Great-grandparents of the Tucker family ancestry.","Orginal is in oversize folder.","This series includes papers of extended Tucker family members of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include aunts, uncles, and great-aunts and uncles within the Tucker ancestry.  Of note are Catharine and Ethel Tucker.  Both were artists in Bermuda and owned a shop, The Little Green Door, where they sold their artwork.  Many landscape prints, calendars, cards, and stationary art are included in this series.","This series includes papers from family members who were ancestors of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker's mother, Sue Taliaferro Bolton.","This series is comprised of various objects, personal items, tools, ephemera, jewelry, and textiles owned by Edward \"Tedduy\" Tucker and his family members, dating back to the mid-1800s. The majority of the items are items used in daily life or special events, such as utensils, spectacles, everyday tools, and personal accessories. The majority of the artifacts and textiles lack provenance within Tucker's family, with some exceptions, such as engraved silver utensils bearing the names of relatives that include Anna Maria Bolton, Sue Bolton, and Edward Henry Tucker.","This subseries is made up of artifacts, everyday tools, and jewelry owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia.","A set of hair pick combs used by women from the Tucker family in the 19th century.","A small pendant carved by an unidentified member of the Tucker family while a prisoner of war during the Second Boer War (1899-1902).","This subseries consists of textiles and fabric materials owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton family of Richmond, Virginia. Fragments of larger garments make up the bulk of the subseries, primarily of women's or children's clothing. These fragments lack provenance and their original ownership is unknown beyond that of the Tucker and Taliaferro-Bolton families. Other items include doilies, tablecloths, and woven pouches, all roughly dating from the 19th and 20th centuries. These textiles provide some information regarding the types of textiles used by the Tuckers and Taliaferro-Boltons in everyday life, as well as providing insight into the families' sentimental valuation placed on retaining fragments of old garments.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Bolton","Tucker","Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00240","/repositories/2/resources/8073"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker Papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"geogname_ssm":["Bermuda Island (Bermuda Islands)"],"geogname_ssim":["Bermuda Island (Bermuda Islands)"],"creator_ssm":["Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014","Bolton","Tucker"],"creator_ssim":["Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014","Bolton","Tucker"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Bolton","Tucker"],"creators_ssim":["Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014","Bolton","Tucker"],"places_ssim":["Bermuda Island (Bermuda Islands)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902","Underwater exploration"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1902","Underwater exploration"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["20.0 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["20.0 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe item in this box is fragile and requires direct supervision for access.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The materials in this container are considered weapons and deemed dangerous. Direct supervision and guidance from an archivist will be required for access.","The item in this box is fragile and requires direct supervision for access."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into series by family. Series 1 covers Teddy Tucker's Papers; Series 2 covers the papers of Teddy Tucker's immediate family;  Series 3 covers the papers of the extended family; Series 4 covers related Taliaferro-Bolton families; and Series 5 consists of artifacts.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into series by family. Series 1 covers Teddy Tucker's Papers; Series 2 covers the papers of Teddy Tucker's immediate family;  Series 3 covers the papers of the extended family; Series 4 covers related Taliaferro-Bolton families; and Series 5 consists of artifacts."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker was born in Bermuda on May 8th, 1925 to Edward Henry and Sue Taliaferro Bolton.  Teddy became an underwater explorer, teacher, treasure hunter, and pioneer.  He earned the Order of the British Empire from Queen Elizabeth II.  Other achievements include the discovery of more than 100 ship wrecks off the Bermuda coast, work on the Beebe science project with National Geographic, collaboration with the University of Maryland to study gill sharks.  Following service with the Royal Navy during World War II, Teddy endeavored to make a living as a salvage diver.  He taught himself about ships, nautical history, and underwater archeology. Teddy died June 9, 2014. \nSources consulted for this biographical/ Historical History: The New York Times, Teddy Tucker Obituary, June 27, 2014.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker was born in Bermuda on May 8th, 1925 to Edward Henry and Sue Taliaferro Bolton.  Teddy became an underwater explorer, teacher, treasure hunter, and pioneer.  He earned the Order of the British Empire from Queen Elizabeth II.  Other achievements include the discovery of more than 100 ship wrecks off the Bermuda coast, work on the Beebe science project with National Geographic, collaboration with the University of Maryland to study gill sharks.  Following service with the Royal Navy during World War II, Teddy endeavored to make a living as a salvage diver.  He taught himself about ships, nautical history, and underwater archeology. Teddy died June 9, 2014. \nSources consulted for this biographical/ Historical History: The New York Times, Teddy Tucker Obituary, June 27, 2014."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEdward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of correspondence, day books, blueprints, photographs, genealogical research, maps, DVDs, artwork, textiles, and artifacts, circa 1760-1990, relating to the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a large amount of material relating to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker, an underwater explorer and treasure hunter off the coast of Bermuda. The majority of the artwork in this collection is from Catharine and Ethel Tucker of Bermuda who were aunts of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker.  They created many landscape pieces and maintained a small store on Bermuda wher they sold their works. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eArtifacts include wooden and metal trinkets made by prisoners of war held in Bermuda during the Anglo-Boer war from 1899-1902, textiles, tintype photographs, and family heirloom jewelry. \u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes the papers of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his work as a skin diver in and around Bermuda waters.  Teddy devoted a significant amount of his professional life studying marine life and exploring wrecks off coastlines.  He is best known for discovering the Tucker cross, an emerald encrusted 22 karat gold cross, in 1955 from the Spanish galleon shipwreck the \"San Pedro\".  He sold it to the Government of Bermuda in 1959.  Unfortnately, by 1975 it was discovered that it was stolen. Because a replica was used to hide the fact that it was stolen, it is believed that a professional art theif perpetrated the crime. The artifact has never been recovered.  While much of Teddy's underwater findings and work remain in Bermuda, these papers offer insight into his boyhood, correspondence with relatives, and daily life in Bermuda.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis box contains mostly photocopies of documentation and compiled research related to Bermuda and surrounding area shiwrecks.  There are also some files concerning shipwreck artifacts, fragments of books, and copies of excerpts of Columbus's First Voyage through the Bahamas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertification that \"Edward H. Tucker passed in the Elementary Stage of Architecture\" by the Committee of her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council on Education Department of Science and Art, London, S.W.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten poem written by Mrs. Bob Tucker, one of the chaperones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTucker genealogy chart covering years prior to 1648 up to approximately 1852.  In poor condition. Fragile.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawing made by Edward H. Tucker on tissue paper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrdnance map published by the Director General of the Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton. Owned by Major Robert J. Tucker, B.V.R.C.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSurvey of Soncy Land (probably in Bermunda) by P.B.A. Melville. No. 2453.Note on reverse: \"George P. Jones, Broadmoor Hotel, Broadmoor, Colorado Springs, Co.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopy of a blueprint of \"Plan of Land at Perinchiefs or Jews Bay, Southampton Parish\" referred to in the Annexed Certificate.  Signed by Claudia Darrell. Signed by Eeric Dutton, Colonial Secretary, Bermuda. Note on reverse \"Plan of Lots, Green ?.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDrawing prepared by E.H. Tucker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes papers of the family members of the Tucker Family that are directly related to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his mother and father, grandparents of the Tucker family, and Great-grandparents of the Tucker family ancestry.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrginal is in oversize folder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes papers of extended Tucker family members of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include aunts, uncles, and great-aunts and uncles within the Tucker ancestry.  Of note are Catharine and Ethel Tucker.  Both were artists in Bermuda and owned a shop, The Little Green Door, where they sold their artwork.  Many landscape prints, calendars, cards, and stationary art are included in this series.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes papers from family members who were ancestors of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker's mother, Sue Taliaferro Bolton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series is comprised of various objects, personal items, tools, ephemera, jewelry, and textiles owned by Edward \"Tedduy\" Tucker and his family members, dating back to the mid-1800s. The majority of the items are items used in daily life or special events, such as utensils, spectacles, everyday tools, and personal accessories. The majority of the artifacts and textiles lack provenance within Tucker's family, with some exceptions, such as engraved silver utensils bearing the names of relatives that include Anna Maria Bolton, Sue Bolton, and Edward Henry Tucker.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries is made up of artifacts, everyday tools, and jewelry owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA set of hair pick combs used by women from the Tucker family in the 19th century.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA small pendant carved by an unidentified member of the Tucker family while a prisoner of war during the Second Boer War (1899-1902).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis subseries consists of textiles and fabric materials owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton family of Richmond, Virginia. Fragments of larger garments make up the bulk of the subseries, primarily of women's or children's clothing. These fragments lack provenance and their original ownership is unknown beyond that of the Tucker and Taliaferro-Bolton families. Other items include doilies, tablecloths, and woven pouches, all roughly dating from the 19th and 20th centuries. These textiles provide some information regarding the types of textiles used by the Tuckers and Taliaferro-Boltons in everyday life, as well as providing insight into the families' sentimental valuation placed on retaining fragments of old garments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of correspondence, day books, blueprints, photographs, genealogical research, maps, DVDs, artwork, textiles, and artifacts, circa 1760-1990, relating to the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia. ","There is also a large amount of material relating to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker, an underwater explorer and treasure hunter off the coast of Bermuda. The majority of the artwork in this collection is from Catharine and Ethel Tucker of Bermuda who were aunts of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker.  They created many landscape pieces and maintained a small store on Bermuda wher they sold their works. ","Artifacts include wooden and metal trinkets made by prisoners of war held in Bermuda during the Anglo-Boer war from 1899-1902, textiles, tintype photographs, and family heirloom jewelry. ","This series includes the papers of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his work as a skin diver in and around Bermuda waters.  Teddy devoted a significant amount of his professional life studying marine life and exploring wrecks off coastlines.  He is best known for discovering the Tucker cross, an emerald encrusted 22 karat gold cross, in 1955 from the Spanish galleon shipwreck the \"San Pedro\".  He sold it to the Government of Bermuda in 1959.  Unfortnately, by 1975 it was discovered that it was stolen. Because a replica was used to hide the fact that it was stolen, it is believed that a professional art theif perpetrated the crime. The artifact has never been recovered.  While much of Teddy's underwater findings and work remain in Bermuda, these papers offer insight into his boyhood, correspondence with relatives, and daily life in Bermuda.","This box contains mostly photocopies of documentation and compiled research related to Bermuda and surrounding area shiwrecks.  There are also some files concerning shipwreck artifacts, fragments of books, and copies of excerpts of Columbus's First Voyage through the Bahamas.","Certification that \"Edward H. Tucker passed in the Elementary Stage of Architecture\" by the Committee of her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council on Education Department of Science and Art, London, S.W.","Handwritten poem written by Mrs. Bob Tucker, one of the chaperones.","Tucker genealogy chart covering years prior to 1648 up to approximately 1852.  In poor condition. Fragile.","Drawing made by Edward H. Tucker on tissue paper.","Ordnance map published by the Director General of the Ordnance Survey Office, Southampton. Owned by Major Robert J. Tucker, B.V.R.C.","Survey of Soncy Land (probably in Bermunda) by P.B.A. Melville. No. 2453.Note on reverse: \"George P. Jones, Broadmoor Hotel, Broadmoor, Colorado Springs, Co.","Copy of a blueprint of \"Plan of Land at Perinchiefs or Jews Bay, Southampton Parish\" referred to in the Annexed Certificate.  Signed by Claudia Darrell. Signed by Eeric Dutton, Colonial Secretary, Bermuda. Note on reverse \"Plan of Lots, Green ?.\"","Drawing prepared by E.H. Tucker.","This series includes papers of the family members of the Tucker Family that are directly related to Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include his mother and father, grandparents of the Tucker family, and Great-grandparents of the Tucker family ancestry.","Orginal is in oversize folder.","This series includes papers of extended Tucker family members of Edward \"Teddy\" Bolton Tucker.  They include aunts, uncles, and great-aunts and uncles within the Tucker ancestry.  Of note are Catharine and Ethel Tucker.  Both were artists in Bermuda and owned a shop, The Little Green Door, where they sold their artwork.  Many landscape prints, calendars, cards, and stationary art are included in this series.","This series includes papers from family members who were ancestors of Edward \"Teddy\" Tucker's mother, Sue Taliaferro Bolton.","This series is comprised of various objects, personal items, tools, ephemera, jewelry, and textiles owned by Edward \"Tedduy\" Tucker and his family members, dating back to the mid-1800s. The majority of the items are items used in daily life or special events, such as utensils, spectacles, everyday tools, and personal accessories. The majority of the artifacts and textiles lack provenance within Tucker's family, with some exceptions, such as engraved silver utensils bearing the names of relatives that include Anna Maria Bolton, Sue Bolton, and Edward Henry Tucker.","This subseries is made up of artifacts, everyday tools, and jewelry owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton families of Richmond, Virginia.","A set of hair pick combs used by women from the Tucker family in the 19th century.","A small pendant carved by an unidentified member of the Tucker family while a prisoner of war during the Second Boer War (1899-1902).","This subseries consists of textiles and fabric materials owned by the Tucker family of Bermuda and the Taliaferro-Bolton family of Richmond, Virginia. Fragments of larger garments make up the bulk of the subseries, primarily of women's or children's clothing. These fragments lack provenance and their original ownership is unknown beyond that of the Tucker and Taliaferro-Bolton families. Other items include doilies, tablecloths, and woven pouches, all roughly dating from the 19th and 20th centuries. These textiles provide some information regarding the types of textiles used by the Tuckers and Taliaferro-Boltons in everyday life, as well as providing insight into the families' sentimental valuation placed on retaining fragments of old garments."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Bolton","Tucker","Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"famname_ssim":["Bolton","Tucker"],"names_coll_ssim":["Tucker, Wendy Sue"],"persname_ssim":["Tucker, Wendy Sue","Tucker, Teddy (Edward Bolton), 1825-2014"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":514,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T13:40:07.333Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_8073_c05_c01_c44"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Writings","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497_c03","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497_c03"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497_c03","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers"],"text":["Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers","Writings","box 1","folder 3"],"title_filing_ssi":"Writings","title_ssm":["Writings"],"title_tesim":["Writings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-1965, n.d."],"normalized_date_ssm":["1926/1965"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writings"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":8,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1497.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers","title_ssm":["Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers"],"title_tesim":["Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1918-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1918-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.054"],"text":["Ms.1987.054","Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers","Agriculture -- Brazil","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type.","Sanford Bernell \"Chuck\" Fenne was born in Madison, Wisconsin on August 14, 1903, to parents Tollef E. and Anna Vinge Fenne. By 1910, the Fennes had moved to York County, Virginia. Fenne entered Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI; later Virginia Tech) in 1919, but left school after his junior year to manage a dairy farm for two years. He served as an extension agent in Augusta County from 1924 to 1926, then returned to VPI to complete a bachelor's degree in agriculture. Following his 1927 graduation, Fenne married Catherine \"Cay\" Crafton (1906-1997) of Staunton, Virginia. That same year, he was appointed acting Virginia Extension plant pathologist. In this position, Fenne planned and conducted projects relating to the control of various plant diseases. He worked as an extension agent in Washington County from 1928 to 1930.","Fenne earned a master's degree in agriculture at VPI in 1930 and pursued a doctoral degree in plant pathology at Cornell University while working summers as a student assistant at the New York Experiment Station in Geneva. His dissertation remaining unfinished, Fenne was appointed plant pathologist with the USDA's Dutch Elm Eradication Program in White Plains, New York in 1934. He continued working on Dutch elm disease control while serving as superintendent of a Civilian Conservation Corps camp from 1935 to 1937. During the latter half of 1937, Fenne served as assistant county agent for Lancaster County, Virginia, before being appointed extension specialist in plant pathology for the Georgia Extension Service. In 1939, he was appointed Virginia Extension plant pathologist, engaging in various public information programs. In 1943, he was granted a year's leave of absence to serve in the Comissão Brasileiro-Americana a cooperative war emergency food project of the Food Supply Division, Institute of Inter-American Affairs. Chief of Brazil's Region 4, Fenne coordinated the distribution of seeds, farming implements, and monetary loans to the region's farmers and also oversaw cooperative agricultural education programs.","Fenne returned to VPI as project leader in plant pathology in January, 1945. In 1953, he was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Confined to a wheelchair by 1956, he continued to work, founding the  Plant Disease Newsletter  (later the  Plant Protection Newsletter ), producing several bulletins issued by the Extension Service regarding plant disease, and writing a detailed history of Virginia Extension plant pathology from 1923 to 1957. He retired in 1967, but continued to be active through woodworking and gardening. Sanford B. Fenne died on November 16, 1978.","The guide to the Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers commenced and was completed in March 2013.","This collection contains the papers of Sanford Brennel Fenne, a plant pathologist with the Virginia Agricultural Extension Service at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI; later Virginia Tech) from 1939 to 1967. The collection includes correspondence, writings, personal records, printed materials, photographs, a scrapbook compiled during Fenne's years as a student at VPI, and a photo album compiled during Fenne's year (1943-1944) of cooperative agricultural work in Brazil. ","The small selection of correspondence relates largely to routine personal matters and to details regarding Fenne's career and health. Included is a letter from B. C. Cubbage, VPI's football coach, about team practice sessions and a letter from Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs Nelson Rockefeller, acknowledging Fenne's resignation from the Food Supply Division. Also relating to Fenne's life, health, career, and retirement are separate folders containing an assortment of documents (school records, forms, letters, certificates, and newspaper clippings). Among these are several newspaper clippings about VPI's Plant Disease Clinic. The collection also contains an assortment of Fenne's writings, including his unfinished dissertation and several pieces relating to agriculture in Brazil and Virginia. ","Among the photographs in the collection are several images from Fenne's 1967 retirement, as well as images from his student years at VPI, including class portraits, athletic and other groups, and snapshots. More photos from Fenne's student years may be found in a scrapbook that includes images of cadets on drill, on march, in parade, and in encampment; snowball fights; \"rat parades\" (including two that picture Tek Heung Fung, an early international student from China); campus scenes; and scenes of Blacksburg and the surrounding area, including Blacksburg High School, Mountain Lake, the Huckleberry Railroad, Yellow Sulphur Springs, and Nellie's Cave. The scrapbook also contains such ephemera as school forms, event programs, tickets, and receipts. A large photo album, titled \"1943-1944 Activities of the Comissão Brasileiro-Americana Cera, Piaui, Maranhão, completes the collection and includes photos of Brazilian farms and farmers, as well as personal snapshots.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The papers of Sanford Bernell \"Chuck\" Fenne, a graduate of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (BS, 1927; MS, 1930) and a Virginia Agricultural Extension plant pathologist from 1939 to 1967, includes correspondence, writings, biographical materials, photographs, a VPI scrapbook, and a photo album compiled during a year (1943-1944) spent working in Brazil for the Food Supply Division, Institute of Inter-American Affairs.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station","Fenne, Sanford Bernell, 1903-1978","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.054"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Fenne, Sanford Bernell, 1903-1978"],"creator_ssim":["Fenne, Sanford Bernell, 1903-1978"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Fenne, Sanford Bernell, 1903-1978"],"creators_ssim":["Fenne, Sanford Bernell, 1903-1978"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers were donated to Special Collections in 1987, 1990, and 1991."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Agriculture -- Brazil","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Agriculture -- Brazil","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSanford Bernell \"Chuck\" Fenne was born in Madison, Wisconsin on August 14, 1903, to parents Tollef E. and Anna Vinge Fenne. By 1910, the Fennes had moved to York County, Virginia. Fenne entered Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI; later Virginia Tech) in 1919, but left school after his junior year to manage a dairy farm for two years. He served as an extension agent in Augusta County from 1924 to 1926, then returned to VPI to complete a bachelor's degree in agriculture. Following his 1927 graduation, Fenne married Catherine \"Cay\" Crafton (1906-1997) of Staunton, Virginia. That same year, he was appointed acting Virginia Extension plant pathologist. In this position, Fenne planned and conducted projects relating to the control of various plant diseases. He worked as an extension agent in Washington County from 1928 to 1930.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFenne earned a master's degree in agriculture at VPI in 1930 and pursued a doctoral degree in plant pathology at Cornell University while working summers as a student assistant at the New York Experiment Station in Geneva. His dissertation remaining unfinished, Fenne was appointed plant pathologist with the USDA's Dutch Elm Eradication Program in White Plains, New York in 1934. He continued working on Dutch elm disease control while serving as superintendent of a Civilian Conservation Corps camp from 1935 to 1937. During the latter half of 1937, Fenne served as assistant county agent for Lancaster County, Virginia, before being appointed extension specialist in plant pathology for the Georgia Extension Service. In 1939, he was appointed Virginia Extension plant pathologist, engaging in various public information programs. In 1943, he was granted a year's leave of absence to serve in the Comissão Brasileiro-Americana a cooperative war emergency food project of the Food Supply Division, Institute of Inter-American Affairs. Chief of Brazil's Region 4, Fenne coordinated the distribution of seeds, farming implements, and monetary loans to the region's farmers and also oversaw cooperative agricultural education programs.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFenne returned to VPI as project leader in plant pathology in January, 1945. In 1953, he was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Confined to a wheelchair by 1956, he continued to work, founding the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePlant Disease Newsletter\u003c/title\u003e (later the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003ePlant Protection Newsletter\u003c/title\u003e), producing several bulletins issued by the Extension Service regarding plant disease, and writing a detailed history of Virginia Extension plant pathology from 1923 to 1957. He retired in 1967, but continued to be active through woodworking and gardening. Sanford B. Fenne died on November 16, 1978.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Sanford Bernell \"Chuck\" Fenne was born in Madison, Wisconsin on August 14, 1903, to parents Tollef E. and Anna Vinge Fenne. By 1910, the Fennes had moved to York County, Virginia. Fenne entered Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI; later Virginia Tech) in 1919, but left school after his junior year to manage a dairy farm for two years. He served as an extension agent in Augusta County from 1924 to 1926, then returned to VPI to complete a bachelor's degree in agriculture. Following his 1927 graduation, Fenne married Catherine \"Cay\" Crafton (1906-1997) of Staunton, Virginia. That same year, he was appointed acting Virginia Extension plant pathologist. In this position, Fenne planned and conducted projects relating to the control of various plant diseases. He worked as an extension agent in Washington County from 1928 to 1930.","Fenne earned a master's degree in agriculture at VPI in 1930 and pursued a doctoral degree in plant pathology at Cornell University while working summers as a student assistant at the New York Experiment Station in Geneva. His dissertation remaining unfinished, Fenne was appointed plant pathologist with the USDA's Dutch Elm Eradication Program in White Plains, New York in 1934. He continued working on Dutch elm disease control while serving as superintendent of a Civilian Conservation Corps camp from 1935 to 1937. During the latter half of 1937, Fenne served as assistant county agent for Lancaster County, Virginia, before being appointed extension specialist in plant pathology for the Georgia Extension Service. In 1939, he was appointed Virginia Extension plant pathologist, engaging in various public information programs. In 1943, he was granted a year's leave of absence to serve in the Comissão Brasileiro-Americana a cooperative war emergency food project of the Food Supply Division, Institute of Inter-American Affairs. Chief of Brazil's Region 4, Fenne coordinated the distribution of seeds, farming implements, and monetary loans to the region's farmers and also oversaw cooperative agricultural education programs.","Fenne returned to VPI as project leader in plant pathology in January, 1945. In 1953, he was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. Confined to a wheelchair by 1956, he continued to work, founding the  Plant Disease Newsletter  (later the  Plant Protection Newsletter ), producing several bulletins issued by the Extension Service regarding plant disease, and writing a detailed history of Virginia Extension plant pathology from 1923 to 1957. He retired in 1967, but continued to be active through woodworking and gardening. Sanford B. Fenne died on November 16, 1978."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers, 1918-1970, Ms1987-054, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers, 1918-1970, Ms1987-054, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers commenced and was completed in March 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Sanford Bernell Fenne Papers commenced and was completed in March 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Sanford Brennel Fenne, a plant pathologist with the Virginia Agricultural Extension Service at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI; later Virginia Tech) from 1939 to 1967. The collection includes correspondence, writings, personal records, printed materials, photographs, a scrapbook compiled during Fenne's years as a student at VPI, and a photo album compiled during Fenne's year (1943-1944) of cooperative agricultural work in Brazil. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe small selection of correspondence relates largely to routine personal matters and to details regarding Fenne's career and health. Included is a letter from B. C. Cubbage, VPI's football coach, about team practice sessions and a letter from Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs Nelson Rockefeller, acknowledging Fenne's resignation from the Food Supply Division. Also relating to Fenne's life, health, career, and retirement are separate folders containing an assortment of documents (school records, forms, letters, certificates, and newspaper clippings). Among these are several newspaper clippings about VPI's Plant Disease Clinic. The collection also contains an assortment of Fenne's writings, including his unfinished dissertation and several pieces relating to agriculture in Brazil and Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAmong the photographs in the collection are several images from Fenne's 1967 retirement, as well as images from his student years at VPI, including class portraits, athletic and other groups, and snapshots. More photos from Fenne's student years may be found in a scrapbook that includes images of cadets on drill, on march, in parade, and in encampment; snowball fights; \"rat parades\" (including two that picture Tek Heung Fung, an early international student from China); campus scenes; and scenes of Blacksburg and the surrounding area, including Blacksburg High School, Mountain Lake, the Huckleberry Railroad, Yellow Sulphur Springs, and Nellie's Cave. The scrapbook also contains such ephemera as school forms, event programs, tickets, and receipts. A large photo album, titled \"1943-1944 Activities of the Comissão Brasileiro-Americana Cera, Piaui, Maranhão, completes the collection and includes photos of Brazilian farms and farmers, as well as personal snapshots.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Sanford Brennel Fenne, a plant pathologist with the Virginia Agricultural Extension Service at Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (VPI; later Virginia Tech) from 1939 to 1967. The collection includes correspondence, writings, personal records, printed materials, photographs, a scrapbook compiled during Fenne's years as a student at VPI, and a photo album compiled during Fenne's year (1943-1944) of cooperative agricultural work in Brazil. ","The small selection of correspondence relates largely to routine personal matters and to details regarding Fenne's career and health. Included is a letter from B. C. Cubbage, VPI's football coach, about team practice sessions and a letter from Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs Nelson Rockefeller, acknowledging Fenne's resignation from the Food Supply Division. Also relating to Fenne's life, health, career, and retirement are separate folders containing an assortment of documents (school records, forms, letters, certificates, and newspaper clippings). Among these are several newspaper clippings about VPI's Plant Disease Clinic. The collection also contains an assortment of Fenne's writings, including his unfinished dissertation and several pieces relating to agriculture in Brazil and Virginia. ","Among the photographs in the collection are several images from Fenne's 1967 retirement, as well as images from his student years at VPI, including class portraits, athletic and other groups, and snapshots. More photos from Fenne's student years may be found in a scrapbook that includes images of cadets on drill, on march, in parade, and in encampment; snowball fights; \"rat parades\" (including two that picture Tek Heung Fung, an early international student from China); campus scenes; and scenes of Blacksburg and the surrounding area, including Blacksburg High School, Mountain Lake, the Huckleberry Railroad, Yellow Sulphur Springs, and Nellie's Cave. The scrapbook also contains such ephemera as school forms, event programs, tickets, and receipts. A large photo album, titled \"1943-1944 Activities of the Comissão Brasileiro-Americana Cera, Piaui, Maranhão, completes the collection and includes photos of Brazilian farms and farmers, as well as personal snapshots."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_adef18c878d57513d084ad0923607e30\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe papers of Sanford Bernell \"Chuck\" Fenne, a graduate of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (BS, 1927; MS, 1930) and a Virginia Agricultural Extension plant pathologist from 1939 to 1967, includes correspondence, writings, biographical materials, photographs, a VPI scrapbook, and a photo album compiled during a year (1943-1944) spent working in Brazil for the Food Supply Division, Institute of Inter-American Affairs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The papers of Sanford Bernell \"Chuck\" Fenne, a graduate of Virginia Polytechnic Institute (BS, 1927; MS, 1930) and a Virginia Agricultural Extension plant pathologist from 1939 to 1967, includes correspondence, writings, biographical materials, photographs, a VPI scrapbook, and a photo album compiled during a year (1943-1944) spent working in Brazil for the Food Supply Division, Institute of Inter-American Affairs."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station","Fenne, Sanford Bernell, 1903-1978"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station"],"persname_ssim":["Fenne, Sanford Bernell, 1903-1978"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":15,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:46.743Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1497_c03"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915_c03","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Writings","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915_c03#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915_c03","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915_c03"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915_c03","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers"],"text":["Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers","Writings","box 1","folder 3"],"title_filing_ssi":"Writings","title_ssm":["Writings"],"title_tesim":["Writings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1942-1969"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1942/1969"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writings"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":5,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":3,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"containers_ssim":["box 1","folder 3"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:21:32.683Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1915.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Horsfall, Frank, Jr., Papers","title_ssm":["Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers"],"title_tesim":["Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1917-1973"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1917-1973"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.040"],"text":["Ms.1992.040","Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers","Faculty and staff","Horticulture","Science and Technology","University History","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by subject matter.","Frank Horsfall, Jr., son of Frank and Margaret Atwood Horsfall, was born in Missouri on July 7, 1903. By 1910, he was living with his family in Helena, Oklahoma; the 1920 census found the family living in Monticello, Arkansas. Horsfall was still living in Monticello when he married Louise Richardson on December 22, 1928, and by 1930, the couple was living in Idabel, Oklahoma, where Horsfall was employed as a public school teacher. He obtained his master's (1932) and Ph.D. (1935) in horticulture at the University of Missouri, and evidence suggests that Horsfall remained at the University of Missouri for several years, working at the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station. He also worked at Northwest Missouri State University and is credited with assembling the collection that would become the nucleus of the university's agriculture museum. Horsfall was hired as a professor of horticulture at Virginia Tech in 1947 and served in that position until retiring in 1973. Frank Horsfall, Jr. died in Roanoke, Virginia on March 21, 1988.","The guide to the Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers commenced and was completed in June 2013.","This collection contains the papers of Frank Horsfall, Jr., a professor of horticulture at Virginia Tech from 1947 to 1973. The collection includes materials relating to both Horsfall's professional career and personal interests. In addition to Horsfall's University of Missouri thesis (1932) and dissertation (1935), the collection contains published copies of several horticulture-related articles written by Horsfall. The collection also contains awards received by Horsfall and a file devoted to his retirement, including letters from Virginia Tech President T. Marshall Hahn and Virginia Governor Linwood Holton, as well as the text of a retirement speech delivered by Horsfall. Horsfall's interest in barbed wire is represented by various articles, notes, and letters on the subject, as well as a small collection of barbed wire samples. A folder relating to stone tools, another of Horsfall's interests, includes printed materials and a collection of drawings by Horsfall. The collection is completed by an assortment of newspaper clippings, ephemera, and photographs, which includes Horsfall's Boy Scouts of America membership card, Fort Snelling ROTC Infantry Camp pass, Civil Air Patrol certificate, World War II draft classification, and three photos of an unidentified locomotive.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection includes the papers of Virginia Tech professor of horticulture Frank Horsfall, Jr., including his thesis and dissertation, awards and honors, writings, and materials on his interests in barbed wire and primitive tools.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Horsfall, Frank, Jr., 1903-1988","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.040"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Horsfall, Frank, Jr., 1903-1988"],"creator_ssim":["Horsfall, Frank, Jr., 1903-1988"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Horsfall, Frank, Jr., 1903-1988"],"creators_ssim":["Horsfall, Frank, Jr., 1903-1988"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers were donated to Special Collections in three accessions in 1992 and 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Horticulture","Science and Technology","University History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Horticulture","Science and Technology","University History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.7 Cubic Feet 2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by subject matter.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by subject matter."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eFrank Horsfall, Jr., son of Frank and Margaret Atwood Horsfall, was born in Missouri on July 7, 1903. By 1910, he was living with his family in Helena, Oklahoma; the 1920 census found the family living in Monticello, Arkansas. Horsfall was still living in Monticello when he married Louise Richardson on December 22, 1928, and by 1930, the couple was living in Idabel, Oklahoma, where Horsfall was employed as a public school teacher. He obtained his master's (1932) and Ph.D. (1935) in horticulture at the University of Missouri, and evidence suggests that Horsfall remained at the University of Missouri for several years, working at the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station. He also worked at Northwest Missouri State University and is credited with assembling the collection that would become the nucleus of the university's agriculture museum. Horsfall was hired as a professor of horticulture at Virginia Tech in 1947 and served in that position until retiring in 1973. Frank Horsfall, Jr. died in Roanoke, Virginia on March 21, 1988.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Frank Horsfall, Jr., son of Frank and Margaret Atwood Horsfall, was born in Missouri on July 7, 1903. By 1910, he was living with his family in Helena, Oklahoma; the 1920 census found the family living in Monticello, Arkansas. Horsfall was still living in Monticello when he married Louise Richardson on December 22, 1928, and by 1930, the couple was living in Idabel, Oklahoma, where Horsfall was employed as a public school teacher. He obtained his master's (1932) and Ph.D. (1935) in horticulture at the University of Missouri, and evidence suggests that Horsfall remained at the University of Missouri for several years, working at the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station. He also worked at Northwest Missouri State University and is credited with assembling the collection that would become the nucleus of the university's agriculture museum. Horsfall was hired as a professor of horticulture at Virginia Tech in 1947 and served in that position until retiring in 1973. Frank Horsfall, Jr. died in Roanoke, Virginia on March 21, 1988."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers, Ms1992-040, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers, Ms1992-040, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers commenced and was completed in June 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Frank Horsfall, Jr., Papers commenced and was completed in June 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Frank Horsfall, Jr., a professor of horticulture at Virginia Tech from 1947 to 1973. The collection includes materials relating to both Horsfall's professional career and personal interests. In addition to Horsfall's University of Missouri thesis (1932) and dissertation (1935), the collection contains published copies of several horticulture-related articles written by Horsfall. The collection also contains awards received by Horsfall and a file devoted to his retirement, including letters from Virginia Tech President T. Marshall Hahn and Virginia Governor Linwood Holton, as well as the text of a retirement speech delivered by Horsfall. Horsfall's interest in barbed wire is represented by various articles, notes, and letters on the subject, as well as a small collection of barbed wire samples. A folder relating to stone tools, another of Horsfall's interests, includes printed materials and a collection of drawings by Horsfall. The collection is completed by an assortment of newspaper clippings, ephemera, and photographs, which includes Horsfall's Boy Scouts of America membership card, Fort Snelling ROTC Infantry Camp pass, Civil Air Patrol certificate, World War II draft classification, and three photos of an unidentified locomotive.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Frank Horsfall, Jr., a professor of horticulture at Virginia Tech from 1947 to 1973. The collection includes materials relating to both Horsfall's professional career and personal interests. In addition to Horsfall's University of Missouri thesis (1932) and dissertation (1935), the collection contains published copies of several horticulture-related articles written by Horsfall. The collection also contains awards received by Horsfall and a file devoted to his retirement, including letters from Virginia Tech President T. Marshall Hahn and Virginia Governor Linwood Holton, as well as the text of a retirement speech delivered by Horsfall. Horsfall's interest in barbed wire is represented by various articles, notes, and letters on the subject, as well as a small collection of barbed wire samples. A folder relating to stone tools, another of Horsfall's interests, includes printed materials and a collection of drawings by Horsfall. The collection is completed by an assortment of newspaper clippings, ephemera, and photographs, which includes Horsfall's Boy Scouts of America membership card, Fort Snelling ROTC Infantry Camp pass, Civil Air Patrol certificate, World War II draft classification, and three photos of an unidentified locomotive."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1d822ba7144456441ebd02e93a7b23e1\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection includes the papers of Virginia Tech professor of horticulture Frank Horsfall, Jr., including his thesis and dissertation, awards and honors, writings, and materials on his interests in barbed wire and primitive tools.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection includes the papers of Virginia Tech professor of horticulture Frank Horsfall, Jr., including his thesis and dissertation, awards and honors, writings, and materials on his interests in barbed wire and primitive tools."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Horsfall, Frank, Jr., 1903-1988"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Horsfall, Frank, Jr., 1903-1988"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":14,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:21:32.683Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1915_c03"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c02_c107","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Writings","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c02_c107#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c02_c107","ref_ssm":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c02_c107"],"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c02_c107","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c02","parent_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c02","parent_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c02"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02","viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c02"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series II. A-Z Files","A-Z Files"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series II. A-Z Files","A-Z Files"],"text":["Robert E. Marshak Papers","Series II. A-Z Files","A-Z Files","Writings","box 24","folder 21"],"title_filing_ssi":"Writings","title_ssm":["Writings"],"title_tesim":["Writings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1940-1959"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1940/1959"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writings"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":1070,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted. Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction.","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"date_range_isim":[1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959],"containers_ssim":["box 24","folder 21"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#1/components#106","timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:22:51.011Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3579.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Marshak, Robert E., Papers","title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1933-1995"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1933-1995"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.060"],"text":["Ms.1988.060","Robert E. Marshak Papers","Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)","Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","This folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives, which maintains the  Marshak Collection .","The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. ","Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.","The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.","Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. ","The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Includes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.","Includes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.","Includes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.","Includes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"","The photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992","The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.060"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert E. Marshak Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"creators_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Robert E. Marshak Papers were donated to Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives (SCUA) in three separate donations. Series I, also known as the Rochester Conference Papers, were donated in 1989. The remainder of the collection (Series II-IX) was acquired by SCUA in 1989 and 1994."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Faculty and staff","Physics","Science and Technology","Science -- International cooperation","Soviet Union -- Foreign relations -- United States","University History","Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"extent_tesim":["71.3 Cubic Feet 54 boxes, 1 oversize folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Correspondence","Proceedings (reports)"],"date_range_isim":[1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eConfidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted. \u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. 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Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Confidential information is restricted and has been moved to Box 52. Each folder is identified in the inventory with information about how long and why materials are restricted.  Please speak to an archivist if confidential information is found elsewhere in the collection.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 75 years due to personally identifiable information. Contact Special Collections for additional information.","This material is restricted for 50 years due to personally identifiable information protected by FERPA. Contact Special Collections for additional information."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1988_060_MarshakRobertEPapers\"\u003eavailible online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives, which maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of the collection has been digitized and is  availible online .","This folder contains photocopies of photographs related to physics conferences and other group settings. Many of the  photos are available online from the American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives, which maintains the  Marshak Collection ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is dividied into the following series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries V. Personal Files\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VI. Organizations and Research\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries VIII. Audio Materials\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eSeries IX. Oversized Materials \u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is dividied into the following series:","Series I. Rochester Conference - arranged chronologically within subject files Series II. A-Z files - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series III. American Physical Society (APS) Reocrds - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series IV. University of Rochester Records - primarily arranged by subject in rough alphabetical order Series V. Personal Files Series VI. Organizations and Research Series VII. Correspondence, Notes, Writings Series VIII. Audio Materials Series IX. Oversized Materials ","These series have been imposed by archivists but are based on Marshak's original order and description. Materials in Series II thru Series IX were collected from multiple locations and are in their original order, except Series V, which was organized by archivists. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTeaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEvents at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTypical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eConceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics\u003c/title\u003e (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20180521195133/http://spec.lib.vt.edu/marshk/bio.htm\"\u003eA fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak was born in 1916 in the Bronx, a borough of New York City. Marshak's academic ability was recognized early, and despite their poverty, his family encouraged his studies. As a result, he finished James Monroe High School at the age of 15. From high school, he enrolled in the City College of New York (CCNY), a tuition-free university that served as an exit from poverty for generations of immigrants. After one semester at CCNY, he received a Pulitzer Scholarship which provided full tuition and a stipend which allowed him to continue his education at Columbia University. College appears to have been a profound intellectual experience for Marshak. He initially majored in philosophy and math, and served as the dance critic for the school newspaper. In his senior year, he switched to physics, and came into contact with Nobel Laureate I.I. Rabi. Rabi was initially skeptical of his commitment to physics, but later became a friend. ","Marshak graduated from Columbia in 1936, and went to graduate school at Cornell University via a fellowship. At Cornell, he studied with Hans Bethe, who at the time was working on problems pertaining to energy production in stars, which later won Bethe a Nobel Prize. Marshak wrote his dissertation on energy production in white dwarf stars. His basic conclusion was confirmed about forty years later when the white dwarf orbiting Sirius came into view. He completed his Ph.D. degree in 1939 at the age of 22.","Jobs were hard to come by in the late 1930s, especially for Jewish scientists for whom positions were limited by quotas. Marshak nonetheless was able to get a one- year, non- renewable position at the University of Rochester. Here he met, among other notables, Victor Weiskopf, the future director of CERN, the nuclear accelerator facility in Geneva, Switzerland. During this time a tenure-track position opened in the Physics Department at Rochester which Marshak received.","Teaching at the University of Rochester was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II. Marshak became involved in the war effort, as did many scientists at the time. Initially, he worked on developing radar in Boston, Massachusetts, then on the British atomic bomb project in Montreal, Canada. In 1943, Marshak married Ruth Gup, a school teacher in Rochester. Later he joined the Manhattan Project which was developing the American atomic bomb in Los Alamos, New Mexico. At Los Alamos, Marshak was a deputy group leader in theoretical physics, a rank which allowed him to be privy to the overall strategy of atomic bomb creation. ","After the war, Marshak returned to the University of Rochester, where he moved quickly through the ranks. He become a chair professor (the Harris chair) and the head of the physics department in the 1950s. He was very active as a researcher, and was a participant at the famous Shelter Island Conference where he proposed the two-meson theory. During his fourteen year chairmanship the Physics Department at Rochester became one of the top 10 in the country, and a recognized center for advanced research in physics. ","During his years at the University of Rochester, Marshak became intensely interested in international science.  He felt that scientific cooperation was an important first step in the quest for global peace.  In 1956, he was a member of the first delegation of approximately six American scientists to visit the USSR after the death of Stalin. Marshak met the leaders of the Soviet Physics community, including Lev Landau. He made more trips to the USSR during the 1950s (U.S. State Department debriefings after these trips are in the files), and became an acknowledged expert on Soviet science.","During the 1950s, Marshak established the \"Rochester Conference\", considered by his colleagues to be one of his most significant achievements. The conference evolved over the years into \"The International Conference on High-Energy Physics.\" The Rochester Conference was instrumental in bringing together scientists from around the world, and served as a model for the establishment of international conferences in other fields. One of the most challenging aspects of the early conferences was the attempt to bring real Eastern European and Soviet physicists (as opposed to KGB agents) to the meetings. This effort required Marshak to carry out intense negotiations with the U.S. State Department and with members of Congress. His other involvement in international science included participation in the establishment of the International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden.","Events at the University of Rochester received lots of publicity, and brought Marshak to the attention of the search committee looking for a new president for CCNY. They approached him with an offer to become president, just at a time when his social conscience had been roused. He accepted the offer and became CCNY President in 1970, just at a time when the college was undergoing a vast change in demographics.","Typical of Marshak, he put his full effort into the struggle to redefine the college and bring it through these crises. In addition to improving the quality of several departments, he established important new programs such as the Biomedical Center and the Legal Center, raised the funds for a new performing arts center (the Leonard Davis Center), and pushed through the construction of a 150 million dollar academic complex.  He also became involved in the debate about national educational policy and \"Science and Public Policy\", delivering many speeches on the subject. He also served on the board of directors for Harlem Hospital and for Colonial Penn Insurance Company. In the end, the success of his efforts was recognized by the naming of the 14-story science building on campus after him. The stress of his position at CCNY took a toll on his health, and he suffered a minor stroke during a confrontation with a student group. The stroke effected his balance for the remainder of his life.","After nine years at CCNY, his desire to return to physics led him to accept an offer as University Distinguished Professor at Virginia Tech, and he and Ruth moved to Blacksburg in 1979. During this period, he became President of the American Physical Society, the principle organization of physicists in the United States. Typical of his modus operandi, he took an activist approach to the job, using the weight of the society to debate the Reagan Administration on the issue of placing an anti-ballistic missile system into space, popularly known as \"Star Wars.\"","Marshak officially retired as a professor at the age of 75. During the last five years of his life, he worked intensely on a book, entitled  Conceptual Foundations of Modern Particle Physics  (Singapore: World Scientific, 1993). He finished the final corrections on the manuscript the day before he died. When he dropped the manuscript in the mailbox, he turn to his wife and said, in a joking voice, \"It's done. Now I can die.\" The next day, December 23, 1992, he died in an accidental drowning on a trip to Mexico.","A fuller biography of Marshak from Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives is archived and available online."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert E. Marshak Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert E. Marshak Papers, Ms1988-060, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert E. Marshak Papers was completed in November 2021.","The 1989 donation (Series I) was processed and described prior to 1994. Additional description for these materials was completed in 2005, 2010, and 2020. A print inventory was created in 1994 and incorporated into the finding aid in 2010 and 2020, with additional arrangement and description in 2020. Full processing of the collection in 2021 incorporated these existing descriptions."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt4m3nf11n/\"\u003eRobert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)\u003c/a\u003e are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026amp; Archives maintains the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://repository.aip.org/islandora/object/nbla%3A287920\"\u003eMarshak Collection\u003c/a\u003e, a digital collection of photographs. \u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Robert E. Marshak's papers as president of City College of New York (CCNY)  are held at the Hoover Institution Archives of Standford University.","The American Institute of Physics's Niels Bohr Library \u0026 Archives maintains the  Marshak Collection , a digital collection of photographs. "],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIndividual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consist of Marshak's professional and personal papers,  detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York.","The first series contains materials on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. After 1957 the conferences were held under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Marshak's files from the conferences from 1958 to 1970 are included. The collection also has correspondence files on IUPAP (1953-1972) and on the Commission on High Energy Physics (1958-1963); photographs (1950-1970); US-USSR relations (1956-1966); and a photocopy of an oral history interview done by Charles Weiner (1970). ","The rest of the collection, is divided into eight series. These series consist of correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, transcripts, proceedings, interviews, and other personalia. Topics cover the national and international development of high-energy physics, meetings and symposia, and scientific committees; awards and prizes, administration and education, science in the Eastern Bloc and Third World, and the scientist as social activist or citizen-scientist. The collection also includes correspondence, publications and articles, and more related to Marshak's books and other writings, teaching and academic administrative work, and research.","Individual series concern specific time periods of Marshak's career, including his work at the University of Rochester, City College of New York (CCNY), and Virginia Tech (VPI). The series also document his involvement in numerous organizations, including the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. (However, Marshak's official records as president of City College of New York are held by the Hoover Insitution Archives at Stanford University.)","Of special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.","Includes materials on a trip by an American delegation to the USSR under the McCone-Emelyanov Agreement.","Includes materials on the creation of the IUPAP Commission on High Energy Physics.","Includes correspondence with Salam, S. Husein, etc.","Includes Report from [U.S. House of Representatives] Task Force on Science Policy, \"Honor In Science\" (Sigma XI), \"Guide to Education in Science, Engineering and Public Policy\"","The photograph on poster displays the \"delegates to the fifth of the series of international congresses on physics.\" For each of the 29 scientists, there is a description of their education and accomplishments."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_635d9808d6804b3f3d25c41245f53f24\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of Marshak's professional and personal papers, detailing his career as university professor in physics at the University of Rochester and Virginia Tech, member and leader in several scientific institutions, and president of the City College of New York. Materials include Marshak's files on the Shelter Island Conferences (1947-1949) and his administrative and correspondence files on the Rochester Conferences on High-Energy Physics (1950-1957), which he founded. The papers also includes correspondence, notes, reports, files, speeches, proceedings, newsclippings, autographs, photographs, interviews, transcripts, and other personalia related to his career at the University of Rochester, City College of New York, and Virginia Tech. Some materials relate to his work in international science and physics organizations, including USSR-US relations, Soviet science, the American Physical Association, International Center of Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy, and the International Foundation for Science in Sweden. \n\nOf special note are several items and files with other well-known physicists, including Hans Bethe, George Sudarshan, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Susumu Okubo, Abdus Salam, Victor Weisskopf, Enrico Fermi, Isidor Isaac Rabi, Mildred Dresselhaus, Richard Feynman, and a letter from Albert Einstein."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_c2b6b4b53b3eb16993d115314b9ced29\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  This collection is in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","International Conference on High Energy Physics","Rochester Conference on High Energy Nuclear Physics","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Marshak, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1916-1992"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are primarily in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":2203,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:22:51.011Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3579_c02_c02_c107"}},{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677_c03_c10","type":"File","attributes":{"title":"Writings","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://arvasarchive.org/catalog/viw_repositories_2_resources_9677_c03_c10#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677_c03_c10","ref_ssm":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9677_c03_c10"],"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677_c03_c10","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677_c03","parent_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677_c03","parent_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9677","viw_repositories_2_resources_9677_c03"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viw_repositories_2_resources_9677","viw_repositories_2_resources_9677_c03"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Harold B. Meyers papers","Professional papers"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Harold B. Meyers papers","Professional papers"],"text":["Harold B. Meyers papers","Professional papers","Writings","box 7","folder 55"],"title_filing_ssi":"Writings","title_ssm":["Writings"],"title_tesim":["Writings"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1946-2005"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1946/2005"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Writings"],"component_level_isim":[2],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"collection_ssim":["Harold B. Meyers papers"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["File"],"level_ssim":["File"],"sort_isi":108,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"date_range_isim":[1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005],"containers_ssim":["box 7","folder 55"],"_nest_path_":"/components#2/components#9","timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:28:41.838Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677","ead_ssi":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677","_root_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677","_nest_parent_":"viw_repositories_2_resources_9677","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WM/repositories_2_resources_9677.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Harold B. Meyers papers","title_ssm":["Harold B. Meyers papers"],"title_tesim":["Harold B. Meyers papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1909-2021"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1909-2021"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MS 00370","/repositories/2/resources/9677"],"text":["MS 00370","/repositories/2/resources/9677","Harold B. Meyers papers","Journalism","History in literature","Interviews","Manuscripts (document genre)","The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.","Harold Burton Meyers was born in Mesa, Arizona in 1924 and lives in Williamsburg, Virginia. His parents worked as Native American Service schoolteachers and he was raised with his brothers on reservations in the Southwest and Washington state. After serving with the Navy during World War II, he graduated from the University of Colorado's journalism school and became a newspaper reporter. In 1956 Meyers joined Time magazine and covered the Civil Rights Movement, Capitol Hill and the White House. He is the author of multiple publications including The Death at Awahi, Reservations, and Geronimo's Ponies.","Biography found on Harold Burton Meyers website at http://stevenkeymeyers.com/hbm/hob-note.html. ","The Harold B. Meyers papers are currently unprocessed. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions to the collections.","The Harold B. Meyers papers contains the personal, literary and journalistic papers of Harold B. Meyers. The collection contains personal and professional correspondence, printed materials, manuscripts, research files for manuscripts such as the Confederate Heros, newspaper clipplings and notes. Papers include the manuscripts of Harold B. Meyers' books as well as their receptions, journalist documents and newspaper articles related to the U.S. government and key historical incidents in the 1950s and 1960s U.S., and other personal documents of Harold B. Meyers.","This series primarily contains journalist documents produced by or related to Harold B. Meyers.It includes materials related to four presidents of the United States, including Lyndon B. Jhonson, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, as well as newspaper articles on a range of topics like Nashville school integration and gubernatorial elections. The documents include letters, telegrams, photographs, printed copies of email, magazines, and newspaper articles.","This series includes manuscrpits of Harold Meyers' works. The materials include Condedrate Hero, Stalker, The Death of Awahi, and The Last Indian War. The documents include paper manuscrpits and compact discs.","This series includes other professional documents of Harold Meyers, including the writings before he became a professional journalist and after his retirement. The papers include research materials, contract, reception, and correspondence of his books as well as documents from journalism workshops and Christopher Wren Association. The documents include printed copies of emails and websites, letters, newspaper articles,and drafts of speeches.","This series includes the personal documents of Harold Meyers. It consists documents related to World War II veteran benefits, job applications, and correspondence. The documents include mails, pamphlets, and printed version of website contents.","Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.","Special Collections Research Center","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MS 00370","/repositories/2/resources/9677"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Harold B. Meyers papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Harold B. Meyers papers"],"collection_ssim":["Harold B. Meyers papers"],"repository_ssm":["College of William and Mary"],"repository_ssim":["College of William and Mary"],"access_terms_ssm":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Harold B. Meyers papers was donated by Harold B. Meyers."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Journalism","History in literature","Interviews","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Journalism","History in literature","Interviews","Manuscripts (document genre)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.42 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["3.42 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Manuscripts (document genre)"],"date_range_isim":[1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to all researchers. Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHarold Burton Meyers was born in Mesa, Arizona in 1924 and lives in Williamsburg, Virginia. His parents worked as Native American Service schoolteachers and he was raised with his brothers on reservations in the Southwest and Washington state. After serving with the Navy during World War II, he graduated from the University of Colorado's journalism school and became a newspaper reporter. In 1956 Meyers joined Time magazine and covered the Civil Rights Movement, Capitol Hill and the White House. He is the author of multiple publications including The Death at Awahi, Reservations, and Geronimo's Ponies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBiography found on Harold Burton Meyers website at http://stevenkeymeyers.com/hbm/hob-note.html. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Harold Burton Meyers was born in Mesa, Arizona in 1924 and lives in Williamsburg, Virginia. His parents worked as Native American Service schoolteachers and he was raised with his brothers on reservations in the Southwest and Washington state. After serving with the Navy during World War II, he graduated from the University of Colorado's journalism school and became a newspaper reporter. In 1956 Meyers joined Time magazine and covered the Civil Rights Movement, Capitol Hill and the White House. He is the author of multiple publications including The Death at Awahi, Reservations, and Geronimo's Ponies.","Biography found on Harold Burton Meyers website at http://stevenkeymeyers.com/hbm/hob-note.html. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHarold B. Meyers papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026amp; Mary Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Harold B. Meyers papers, Special Collections Research Center, William \u0026 Mary Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Harold B. Meyers papers are currently unprocessed. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions to the collections.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The Harold B. Meyers papers are currently unprocessed. This finding aid may be updated to reflect new descriptions to the collections."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Harold B. Meyers papers contains the personal, literary and journalistic papers of Harold B. Meyers. The collection contains personal and professional correspondence, printed materials, manuscripts, research files for manuscripts such as the Confederate Heros, newspaper clipplings and notes. Papers include the manuscripts of Harold B. Meyers' books as well as their receptions, journalist documents and newspaper articles related to the U.S. government and key historical incidents in the 1950s and 1960s U.S., and other personal documents of Harold B. Meyers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series primarily contains journalist documents produced by or related to Harold B. Meyers.It includes materials related to four presidents of the United States, including Lyndon B. Jhonson, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, as well as newspaper articles on a range of topics like Nashville school integration and gubernatorial elections. The documents include letters, telegrams, photographs, printed copies of email, magazines, and newspaper articles.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes manuscrpits of Harold Meyers' works. The materials include Condedrate Hero, Stalker, The Death of Awahi, and The Last Indian War. The documents include paper manuscrpits and compact discs.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes other professional documents of Harold Meyers, including the writings before he became a professional journalist and after his retirement. The papers include research materials, contract, reception, and correspondence of his books as well as documents from journalism workshops and Christopher Wren Association. The documents include printed copies of emails and websites, letters, newspaper articles,and drafts of speeches.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis series includes the personal documents of Harold Meyers. It consists documents related to World War II veteran benefits, job applications, and correspondence. The documents include mails, pamphlets, and printed version of website contents.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Harold B. Meyers papers contains the personal, literary and journalistic papers of Harold B. Meyers. The collection contains personal and professional correspondence, printed materials, manuscripts, research files for manuscripts such as the Confederate Heros, newspaper clipplings and notes. Papers include the manuscripts of Harold B. Meyers' books as well as their receptions, journalist documents and newspaper articles related to the U.S. government and key historical incidents in the 1950s and 1960s U.S., and other personal documents of Harold B. Meyers.","This series primarily contains journalist documents produced by or related to Harold B. Meyers.It includes materials related to four presidents of the United States, including Lyndon B. Jhonson, Richard Nixon, and Gerald Ford, as well as newspaper articles on a range of topics like Nashville school integration and gubernatorial elections. The documents include letters, telegrams, photographs, printed copies of email, magazines, and newspaper articles.","This series includes manuscrpits of Harold Meyers' works. The materials include Condedrate Hero, Stalker, The Death of Awahi, and The Last Indian War. The documents include paper manuscrpits and compact discs.","This series includes other professional documents of Harold Meyers, including the writings before he became a professional journalist and after his retirement. The papers include research materials, contract, reception, and correspondence of his books as well as documents from journalism workshops and Christopher Wren Association. The documents include printed copies of emails and websites, letters, newspaper articles,and drafts of speeches.","This series includes the personal documents of Harold Meyers. It consists documents related to World War II veteran benefits, job applications, and correspondence. The documents include mails, pamphlets, and printed version of website contents."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBefore reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center","Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections Research Center"],"names_coll_ssim":["Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908-1973","Ford, Gerald R., 1913-2006"],"persname_ssim":["Johnson, Lyndon B. 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